IBM Computer Drive T400 User Manual
IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
Models T400 and T400F  
ꢀꢁꢂ  
Setup, Operator, and Service Guide  
GA32-0455-00  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
Models T400 and T400F  
ꢀꢁꢂ  
Setup, Operator, and Service Guide  
GA32-0455-00  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Note  
Before using this guide and the product it supports, read the information in “Safety and Environmental Notices” on page vii  
and “Notices” on page 101.  
First Edition (November 2002)  
This edition applies to the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive Models T400 and T400F Setup, Operator, and  
Service Guide and to all subsequent releases and modifications until otherwise indicated in new editions.  
© Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2002. All rights reserved.  
US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract  
with IBM Corp.  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Contents  
Safety and Environmental Notices .  
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. vii  
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Danger Notice .  
Caution Notice .  
Attention Notice  
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Laser Safety and Compliance  
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Preface.  
Intended Audience .  
Related Publications .  
IBM Ultrium Publications.  
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. ix  
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IBM Fibre Channel Publications .  
Other Publications .  
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Chapter 1. Introduction .  
Cartridge Compatibility  
Speed Matching and Channel Calibration  
Sleep Mode .  
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Supported Servers and Operating Systems .  
SCSI Attachment  
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Physical Characteristics of the SCSI Interface .  
Speed  
Address Assignments .  
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Installing, Removing, or Resetting a Drive on an Active SCSI Bus  
Fibre Channel Attachment .  
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Supported Topologies .  
Speed  
Address Assignments .  
World Wide Names.  
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Physical Characteristics of the Fibre Channel Interface  
Installing, Removing, or Resetting a Drive on an Active Fibre Channel .  
Supported Device Drivers  
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Chapter 2. Specifications  
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. 11  
Chapter 3. Installing the Tape Drive  
Rear View of the SCSI Drive .  
Rear View of the Fibre Channel Drive  
Step 1. Unpack the Drive . .  
Step 2. Remove Power from the Enclosure  
Step 3. Set the SCSI ID or Arbitrated Loop Physical Address .  
Setting the SCSI ID (SCSI Drive Only) .  
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. 13  
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Setting the Arbitrated Loop Physical Address (Fibre Channel Drive Only)  
Step 4. Change the Link Services of the Drive (optional)  
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. 24  
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28  
Step 5. Mount the Tape Drive into the Enclosure  
Step 6. Connect and Test Power to the Tape Drive.  
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Step 7. Connect the Internal SCSI or Fibre Channel Cable.  
Step 8. Connect the Internal LDI Cable (optional) .  
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Step 9. Run Drive Diagnostics .  
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Step 10. Install the Device Drivers.  
Step 11. Connect the External SCSI or Fibre Channel Interface to the Server  
Connect the External SCSI Interface to the Server .  
Connect the External Fibre Channel Interface to the Server  
Step 12. Connect the External LDI Interface to the Server (optional) .  
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. 28  
. 29  
. 29  
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2002  
iii  
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Step 13. Configure the Tape Drive to the Server, Switch, or Hub.  
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. 29  
Chapter 4. Operating the Tape Drive .  
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Status Light .  
Unload Button .  
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Single-Character Display .  
Single Red Dot .  
Inserting a Tape Cartridge .  
Removing a Tape Cartridge .  
Cleaning the Drive Head .  
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Selecting a Diagnostic or Maintenance Function.  
Exiting Maintenance Mode  
Updating the Firmware .  
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Updating Firmware through the SCSI or Fibre Channel Interface  
Updating Firmware through the Library/Drive Interface  
Updating the Firmware with an FMR Tape Cartridge .  
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Chapter 5. Using the Media.  
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. 47  
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Data Cartridge .  
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Cleaning Cartridges .  
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Setting the Write-Protect Switch  
Handling the Cartridges.  
Provide Training  
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Ensure Proper Packaging .  
Provide Proper Acclimation and Environmental Conditions .  
Perform a Thorough Inspection .  
Handle the Cartridge Carefully .  
Examples of Cartridge Problems  
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Repositioning or Reattaching a Leader Pin.  
Repositioning a Leader Pin  
Reattaching a Leader Pin .  
Environmental and Shipping Specifications for Tape Cartridges .  
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Disposing of Tape Cartridges.  
Ordering Media Supplies .  
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Ordering Custom Bar Code Labels  
Chapter 6. Resolving Problems .  
Methods of Receiving Errors and Messages .  
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Descriptions and Corrective Actions for Errors and Messages.  
Using Sense Data.  
Obtaining a Drive Dump  
Viewing the Drive Error Log .  
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Resolving Problems Reported by the Server .  
Fixing SCSI Bus Errors .  
Fixing Fibre Channel Errors .  
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Resolving Media-Related Problems  
Chapter 7. Servicing the Tape Drive  
Removing a SCSI Tape Drive from an Enclosure  
Removing a Fibre Channel Tape Drive from an Enclosure .  
Manually Removing a Tape Cartridge.  
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. 83  
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Removing the Cartridge  
Fixing an Internal Jam .  
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Appendix A. Tools and Supplies.  
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. 95  
iv IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Appendix B. TapeAlert Flags .  
TapeAlert Flags Supported by the Drive.  
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. 97  
. 97  
Notices .  
Trademarks.  
Electronic Emission Notices.  
Special Considerations for Electromagnetic Compatibility .  
IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive Models T400 and T400F  
Getting Help  
Warranty.  
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. 101  
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. 104  
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Glossary  
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. 105  
. 117  
Index .  
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Contents  
v
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vi IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Safety and Environmental Notices  
When using this product, observe the danger, caution, and attention notices that are  
contained in this guide. Symbols that represent the severity of the safety condition  
accompany the notices.  
The sections that follow define each type of safety notice and give examples.  
Danger Notice  
A danger notice calls attention to a situation that is potentially lethal or extremely  
hazardous to people. A lightning bolt symbol always accompanies a danger notice  
to represent a dangerous electrical condition. A sample danger notice follows:  
DANGER  
An electrical outlet that is not correctly wired could place  
hazardous voltage on metal parts of the system or the products  
that attach to the system. It is the customer’s responsibility to  
ensure that the outlet is correctly wired and grounded to prevent  
an electrical shock.  
Caution Notice  
A caution notice calls attention to a situation that is potentially hazardous to people  
because of some existing condition. One of several symbols can accompany a  
caution notice:  
If the symbol is...  
It means....  
A hazardous electrical condition with less severity than an  
electrical danger.  
A generally hazardous condition not represented by other  
safety symbols.  
A hazardous condition due to the use of a laser in the  
product. Laser symbols are always accompanied by the  
classification of the laser as defined by the U. S.  
Department of Health and Human Services (for example,  
Class I, Class II, and so forth).  
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2002  
vii  
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Sample caution notices follow:  
CAUTION:  
The controller card contains a lithium battery. To avoid possible  
explosion, do not burn, exchange, or charge the battery. Discard the  
controller card as instructed by local regulations for lithium  
batteries.  
CAUTION:  
Do not attempt to use the handle on the module to lift the entire  
device (module and enclosure) as a unit. First remove the module;  
then, use two hands to lift the enclosure.  
Attention Notice  
An attention notice indicates the possibility of damage to a program, device, or  
system (server), or to data. An exclamation point symbol may accompany an  
attention notice, but is not required. Sample attention notices follow:  
Attention: If you use a power screwdriver to perform this  
procedure it could destroy the tape.  
Attention: Do not operate the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive in a poor air quality  
environment.  
Laser Safety and Compliance  
These products contain components that comply with performance standards that  
are set by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (Part 21CFR, 1040.10/11). This  
means that these products belong to a class of laser products that do not emit  
hazardous laser radiation. This classification was accomplished by providing the  
necessary protective housing and scanning safeguards to ensure that laser  
radiation is inaccessible during operation or is within Class I limits. External safety  
agencies have reviewed these products and have obtained approvals to the latest  
standards as they apply to this product type.  
viii IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Preface  
Intended Audience  
This book is intended primarily for integrators who install the IBM TotalStorage™  
Linear Tape-Open (LTO) Ultrium 2 Tape Drive into an enclosure (such as a desktop  
unit, tape autoloader, or tape library). During operation of the enclosure, portions of  
the book may also be used by end users.  
Related Publications  
Refer to the following publications for additional information about the Ultrium 2  
Tape Drive. To ensure that you have the latest publications, visit the web at  
http://www.ibm.com/storage/lto.  
IBM Ultrium Publications  
v IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium Tape Drive SCSI Reference, GA32-0450, provides  
the supported SCSI commands and protocol that govern the behavior of the  
SCSI interface for all models of the IBM Ultrium Tape Drive.  
v IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive Quick Setup Guide, GX35-5066,  
illustrates how to configure and operate the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive.  
v IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Installation and User’s Guide, GA32-0430, provides  
instructions for attaching IBM-supported hardware to Open Systems operating  
systems. It indicates what devices and levels of operating systems are  
supported, gives the requirements for adapter cards, and tells how to configure  
servers to use the device driver with the Ultrium family of devices.  
v IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Programming Reference, GC35-0483, supplies  
information to application owners who want to integrate their Open Systems  
applications with IBM-supported Ultrium hardware. The reference contains  
information about the application programming interfaces (APIs) for each of the  
various supported operating-system environments.  
IBM Fibre Channel Publications  
v Fibre Channel Storage Hub IBM 2103 Model H07 Installation, Service, and  
User’s Guide, SC26-7288  
v IBM SAN Fibre Channel Switch 2109 Model S08 User’s Guide, SC26-7349  
v IBM SAN Fibre Channel Switch 2109 Model S08 Installation and Service Guide,  
SC26-7350  
v IBM SAN Fibre Channel Switch 2109 Model S16 User’s Guide, SC26-7351  
v IBM SAN Fibre Channel Switch 2109 Model S16 Installation and Service Guide,  
SC26-7352  
Other Publications  
v IBM Storage Area Network Gateway Module Setup, Operator, and Service Guide,  
GA32-0436, describes the interface between devices and a storage area network  
or Fibre Channel server. The guide gives instructions for installation and  
operation of the unit, as well maintenance analysis procedures and a SCSI  
command reference.  
v IBM Library/Drive Interface Specification, Revision 4.1, August 29, 2002,  
available from your OEM Sales Representative.  
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2002  
ix  
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x
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Chapter 1. Introduction  
The IBM TotalStorage Linear Tape-Open (LTO) Ultrium 2 Tape Drive is a  
high-performance, high-capacity data-storage device that is designed to backup and  
restore Open Systems applications. The drive can be integrated into an enclosure,  
such as a desktop unit, tape autoloader, or tape library. The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
(called Generation 2) is the second-generation tape drive in the Ultrium series of  
products. It is available as Model T400 with a Small Computer Systems Interface  
(SCSI) or as Model T400F with a Fibre Channel interface.  
The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive offers the following features:  
v Native storage capacity of up to 200 GB per cartridge (400 GB assuming 2:1  
LTO Data Compression)  
v Native sustained data transfer rate of 35 MB per second (70 MB assuming 2:1  
LTO Data Compression)  
Table 1 gives additional features for each model of the drive.  
Table 1. Features of the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
Model T400  
Model T400F  
SCSI Interface  
Fibre Channel Interface  
Ultra160 Low Voltage Differential (LVD)  
Small Computer Systems Interface  
SCSI protocol carried on a 2-Gb Fibre  
Channel interface that supports switched  
fabric, arbitrated loop, and point-to-point  
topologies  
68-pin, D-shell connector (for SCSI signals,  
SCSI ID selection, and power connection)  
LC-duplex, short-wave connector for  
attachment to Storage Area Network (SAN)  
components  
Burst data transfer rate of 160 MB per  
second  
Burst data transfer rate of 200 MB per  
second  
Figure 1 shows a front view of the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive with  
and without a bezel.  
Figure 1. View of the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive with and without the bezel  
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2002  
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Cartridge Compatibility  
The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive (Generation 2) uses the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium  
200 GB Data Cartridge and is compatible with the cartridges of its predecessor, the  
IBM Ultrium Internal Tape Drive (called Generation 1). The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
performs the following functions:  
v Reads and writes Generation 2 cartridges to Generation 2 format  
v Reads and writes Generation 1 cartridges to Generation 1 format  
v Does not write Generation 2 cartridges to Generation 1 format  
v Does not write Generation 1 cartridges to Generation 2 format  
The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive reads tapes that have been written by other licensed  
Ultrium 2 drives. It also writes to tapes that can be read by other licensed Ultrium 2  
drives.  
In addition to using the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium Data Cartridge with up to 200  
GB capacity, the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive also offers read/write capability for certified  
LTO Ultrium tape cartridges.  
Speed Matching and Channel Calibration  
To improve system performance, the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive uses a technique called  
speed matching to dynamically adjust its native (uncompressed) data rate to the  
slower data rate of a server. With speed matching, the drive operates at one of five  
speeds when reading or writing the Generation 2 cartridge format to achieve a  
native data rate of 17.5, 21.9, 26.25, 30.63, or 35 MB per second (MB/s). If the  
server’s net (compressed) data rate is between two of the preceding native data  
rates, the drive calculates which of the two data rates at which to operate. (For  
example, if the server transfers data at 60 MB/s on the host bus, at 2:1  
compression its net data rate is 30 MB/s. The drive will then dynamically choose to  
operate at a native data rate of 26.25 or 30.63 MB/s, whichever enables it to  
successfully receive the greatest amount of compressed data over the network.)  
Speed matching dramatically reduces backhitch, the condition that occurs when a  
tape stops, reverses, and restarts motion. A backhitch is usually the result of a  
mismatch between the data rates of the server and the drive.  
System performance is further optimized by a feature called channel calibration, in  
which the drive automatically customizes each read/write data channel to  
compensate for variations in such things as the recording channel’s transfer  
function, the media, and characteristics of the drive head.  
Sleep Mode  
To conserve energy when circuit functions are not needed for drive operation, the  
Ultrium 2 Tape Drive features a power-management function that causes the drive’s  
electronics to enter a low-power mode known as sleep mode. To enter sleep mode,  
the drive must be inactive for a minimum of 15 minutes; to exit, the drive must  
receive a command across the SCSI or Fibre Channel interface, a command across  
the Library/Drive Interface (LDI or RS-422 interface), or a load or unload request.  
When in sleep mode, the drive’s response time to commands that do not require  
media motion increases by up to 10 microseconds. Commands that require media  
motion may be delayed an additional 100 milliseconds because the tape must be  
retensioned.  
2
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Supported Servers and Operating Systems  
The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive attaches to the servers and operating systems shown in  
Table 2. Any attachment can include (but is not limited to) these servers and  
operating systems. To determine the latest supported attachments, visit the web at  
http://www.ibm.com/storage/lto. For specific instructions about attaching the tape  
drive, see Chapter 3, “Installing the Tape Drive” on page 13.  
Table 2. Supported servers and operating systems for SCSI and Fibre Channel attachment  
Supported Servers  
Supported Operating Systems  
IBM AS/400® or ERserver iSeries™  
OS/400®  
AIX®  
IBM RS/6000®, RS/6000 SP™, or Eserver  
pSeries™  
IBM Eserver zSeries™ 800 or 900  
Linux  
Hewlett-Packard  
HP-UX  
Sun Microsystems  
Solaris  
32-bit, Intel-compatible servers  
Microsoft®Windows® 2000 or Windows NT®  
Red Hat Linux  
64-bit, Intel Itanium servers  
Red Hat Linux  
Supported SAN Components for Fibre Channel Attachment  
Visit the web at: http://www.storage.ibm.com/hardsoft/tape/supserver/support.html  
Chapter 1. Introduction  
3
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SCSI Attachment  
To communicate with a server, the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive uses  
the Ultra160 LVD SCSI interface.  
Physical Characteristics of the SCSI Interface  
The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive contains a high-density, 68-pin, D-shell receptacle  
connector (HD68) for attachment to the server. The HD68 connector includes the  
connectors for the SCSI signal, the SCSI ID, and the drive’s power. The drive  
supports LVD SCSI cables with HD68 connectors.  
For a list of available cables, see Appendix A, “Tools and Supplies” on page 95.  
Speed  
The Ultra160 LVD SCSI interface is backward compatible with older SCSI  
technology and is capable of data transmission at 160 MB/s. Ultra160 SCSI uses  
the three management features of the Ultra3 SCSI standard that specifically affect  
data transfer rate:  
v Double transition clocking - a data-transfer technique that enables data rates  
to double without increasing clock speed  
v Domain validation - a procedure that detects and adjusts SCSI configuration  
issues that might prevent interoperation between SCSI devices  
v Cyclic redundancy check (CRC) - an error-checking technique  
Because the cables, connectors, and terminators are the same for the Ultra160 and  
Ultra2 SCSI interfaces, devices with those interfaces can be mixed on the same  
bus and each device can operate at its fully rated speed.  
4
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Address Assignments  
Each device on a SCSI bus must have a SCSI identifier (ID) that identifies it to the  
server. When you install the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive, you can specify its SCSI ID in  
one of three ways:  
v By attaching jumpers to the SCSI ID connector  
v By using your enclosure’s SCSI ID switch  
v If you are installing the drive into a tape library, by setting the SCSI ID through  
the LDI or RS-422 interface  
For more information, see “Setting the SCSI ID (SCSI Drive Only)” on page 17.  
Installing, Removing, or Resetting a Drive on an Active SCSI Bus  
You can attach an Ultrium 2 Tape Drive to an active SCSI bus. However, the  
preferred and safest method of adding, removing, or resetting a drive is to power-off  
the system.  
When adding, removing, or resetting a drive on an active SCSI bus, perform the  
following steps:  
1. Quiesce the drive. The drive to be added, removed, or reset must not be  
involved in any bus activity.  
2. Disconnect power to the drive.  
3. Connect or disconnect the SCSI bus cables to or from the drive’s SCSI  
connector. Ensure that the SCSI bus remains intact from the server (initiator) to  
the terminator throughout the connection or disconnection process.  
Note: Changing or moving the terminator disrupts the continuity of the SCSI  
bus and interrupts any process on the bus.  
Chapter 1. Introduction  
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Fibre Channel Attachment  
Attention: A Class I laser assembly, in the optical transceiver, is  
mounted on the Ultrium Fibre Channel electronics card. This laser  
assembly is registered with the Department of Health and Human  
Services and is in compliance with IEC825.  
To communicate with a server, the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive has one Fibre Channel  
interface (also called a port). In accordance with the standards of the American  
National Standards Institute (ANSI), the port runs Fibre Channel Protocol (which  
includes SCSI commands on the Fibre Channel) with ANSI-defined Fibre Channel  
Tape Support. The method by which the drive and server communicate is  
determined by the type of topology in which they reside and the type of connection  
that you choose.  
Supported Topologies  
The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive can be attached in a two-node configuration, either  
directly to a switch as a public device (switched fabric) or directly to a host bus  
adapter (HBA) as a private device. It can do so in a Point-to-Point topology (through  
an N_port or F_port) or Arbitrated Loop topology (through an L_port or FL_port).  
Unless you set the drive to force an explicit configuration (by using the FC  
configuration/status connector; see “Step 4. Change the Link Services of the Drive  
(optional)” on page 24), the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive automatically configures to an  
L_port or an N_port when it boots. The type of port to which it configures depends  
on whether the drive recognizes the connection as a loop or a point-to-point  
connection:  
v An L_port supports a Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop connection to an NL_port or  
FL_port.  
v An N_port supports direct connection to another N_port or to an F_port (for  
example, a director-class switch) in a point-to-point topology.  
Regardless of the port to which you connect the drive, it automatically configures to  
a public device (through an F_port or FL_port to a switch) or to a private device  
(through an N_port or L_port by using direct attachment to a server).  
Table 3 lists the topologies in which the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive can operate, the Fibre  
Channel server connections that are available, and the port (NL, N, FL, or F)  
through which communication must occur.  
Table 3. Choosing the port for your topology and Fibre Channel connection  
Type of Fibre Channel Connection to Server  
Type of Topology  
Direct Connection  
(Private)  
Switched Fabric  
(Public)  
Fibre Channel-Arbitrated  
Loop  
L_Port  
FL_Port  
(can be Two-Node Arbitrated  
Loop or Two-Node Switched  
Fabric Loop; is limited to two  
nodes)  
Point-to-Point  
(two nodes)  
N_Port  
F_Port  
6
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Speed  
The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive’s Fibre Channel interface facilitates data at 2 Gb/s (200  
MB/s). It automatically negotiates to a rate of 1 Gb/s (100 MB/s) if the system or  
switch to which it connects does not support the 2-Gb rate (if this is the case, you  
may experience performance degradation). You can force the drive to an explicit  
speed by placing jumpers on the Fibre Channel (FC) configuration/status connector.  
For more information, see “Step 4. Change the Link Services of the Drive (optional)”  
on page 24.  
Address Assignments  
Each device on a Fibre Channel loop must have a Loop Identifier (LID) and a  
corresponding Arbitrated Loop Physical Address (AL_PA) to communicate with other  
devices in the topology. The AL_PA identifies the device on the loop. (LIDs and their  
corresponding AL_PAs are listed in Table 5 on page 21 and Table 6 on page 22.)  
You can set an AL_PA by using one of two methods known as soft addressing or  
hard addressing.  
Soft addressing allows the drive to dynamically arbitrate the AL_PA with other Fibre  
Channel devices on the loop. Hard addressing allows you to choose the LID, which  
determines the corresponding AL_PA. The higher the AL_PA, the lower the priority  
of the device.  
Generally, servers (initiators) require that devices use hard addressing; they do not  
support soft addressing. When setting addresses, assign the lowest AL_PA (and  
thus the highest priority) to the server; assign the highest AL_PA (and thus the  
lowest priority) to the drive.  
To set soft or hard addressing, you must place jumpers on designated pins in the  
drive’s LID/status connector (see (ꢀ2ꢁ in Figure 3 on page 15). The pin configuration  
for soft and hard addressing is defined in “Setting the Arbitrated Loop Physical  
Address (Fibre Channel Drive Only)” on page 19.  
Chapter 1. Introduction  
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World Wide Names  
Each Ultrium 2 Tape Drive has an 8-byte World Wide Node Name and an 8-byte  
World Wide Port Name that is assigned by IBM Manufacturing. The World Wide  
Node Name identifies the drive’s SCSI logical unit; the World Wide Port Name  
identifies the physical port on the drive. An enclosure queries the World Wide  
Names through the LDI or RS-422 interface; a server queries the Names through  
the Fibre Channel interface. The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive reports the World Wide  
Names to switches. You can use the World Wide Node Name or Wide Node Port  
Name to uniquely identify the drive on a SAN.  
When your Ultrium 2 Tape Drive is installed in a tape library, you can change the  
World Wide Node Name and World Wide Port Name through the LDI or RS-422  
interface. For instructions, refer to the documentation for your tape library.  
Physical Characteristics of the Fibre Channel Interface  
The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive attaches to Open Systems servers by using short-wave,  
multimode fiber optic cables. All cables feature LC-duplex connectors and are  
designated as 50/125 (50 refers to the diameter of the optical fiber and 125 refers  
to the diameter of the cable; both are measured in micrometers).  
For a list of available cables, see Appendix A, “Tools and Supplies” on page 95.  
Installing, Removing, or Resetting a Drive on an Active Fibre Channel  
A Fibre Channel network supports dynamic drive attachment. When adding,  
removing, or resetting a drive on an active server or SAN, perform the following  
steps:  
1. Quiesce the drive. The drive to be added, removed, or reset must not be  
involved in activity.  
2. Connect or disconnect the Fibre Channel cables to or from the drive.  
8
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Supported Device Drivers  
IBM offers device drivers for the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive. Device drivers enable the  
drive to interact with a variety of servers. To properly install an IBM device driver (if  
required), refer to the IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Installation and User’s Guide. For  
applications that use other device drivers, see the application’s documentation to  
determine which drivers to use.  
IBM maintains the latest levels of device drivers and driver documentation for the  
IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive on the Internet. You can access this  
material from your browser or through the IBM FTP site by performing one of the  
following procedures. (Note: If you do not have Internet access and you need  
information about device drivers, contact your Marketing Representative.)  
v Using a browser, type one of the following:  
– http://www.ibm.com/storage  
– ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/storage/devdrvr  
– ftp://207.25.253.26/storage/devdrvr  
v Using an IBM FTP site, enter the following specifications:  
– FTP site: ftp.software.ibm.com  
– IP Addr: 207.25.253.26  
– Userid: anonymous  
– Password: (use your current e-mail address)  
– Directory: /storage/devdrvr  
IBM provides PostScript- and PDF-formatted versions of its documentation in the  
/storage/devdrvr/doc directory:  
v IBM_ultrium_tape_IUG.ps and IBM_ultrium_tape_IUG.pdf contain the current  
version of the IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Installation and User’s Guide  
v IBM_ultrium_tape_PROGREF.ps and IBM_ultrium_tape_PROGREF.pdf contain  
the current version of the IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Programming Reference  
Device drivers and utilities for each supported server are beneath /storage/devdrvr/  
in the following directories (the device driver for the iSeries or AS/400 server is  
included in the OS/400 operating system):  
v AIX  
v HPUX  
v Linux  
v Solaris  
v Tru64  
v WinNT  
v Win2000  
For more information about device drivers, refer to any of the preceding directories.  
Chapter 1. Introduction  
9
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10 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Chapter 2. Specifications  
Table 4 gives the physical, power, and environmental specifications for the IBM  
TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive. Specifications for tape cartridges are given  
in “Environmental and Shipping Specifications for Tape Cartridges” on page 62.  
Table 4. Specifications for the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
Specification  
Measurement  
Physical Specifications  
Width  
146.0 mm (5.75 in.) without bezel  
148.3 mm (5.84 in.) with bezel  
205.5 mm (8.09 in.) without bezel  
210.5 mm (8.29 in.) with bezel  
82.5 mm (3.25 in.) without bezel  
84.8 mm (3.34 in.) with bezel  
Length  
Height  
Weight (without a cartridge) 3 kg (6 lb 10 oz)  
Power Specifications  
Drive with Ultra160 SCSI Interface Drive with Fibre Channel Interface  
+ 5 Vdc and + 12 Vdc ( 10%)  
Tolerance (see Note 1)  
+ 5 Vdc and + 12 Vdc ( 10%)  
1.9 A minimum  
Power supply current for 5 1.3 A minimum  
Vdc (see Note 2)  
3.1 A maximum  
3.7 A maximum  
Power supply current for 12 0.2 A minimum  
0.2 A minimum  
Vdc (see Note 2)  
1.1 A maximum  
1.1 A maximum  
Power supply peak for 5  
Vdc (the instantaneous  
power by the power supply)  
3.3 A for 100 ms  
15.5 W  
3.9 A for 100 ms  
19.5 W  
Power supply peak for 12  
Vdc (the instantaneous  
4.1 A for 2 ms  
49.2 W  
4.1 A for 2 ms  
49.2 W  
power by the power supply)  
Power usage for typical idle 10.9 W  
mode with no cartridge  
13.9 W  
15.7 W  
Power usage for typical idle 12.7 W  
mode with a cartridge  
loaded  
Power usage for reading  
and writing at 6.22 m/s  
29 W  
32 W  
Power usage for sleep  
mode with no cartridge  
9.0 W  
10.8 W  
12.0 W  
13.8 W  
Power usage for sleep  
mode with a cartridge  
loaded  
Other Specifications (for both interface types)  
Maximum altitude  
Extraction force  
3048 m (10,000 ft) for operating and storage  
12192 m (40,000 ft) for shipping  
250 to 750 gms-force  
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2002  
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Table 4. Specifications for the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive (continued)  
Environmental Specifications (for both interface types)  
Operating  
Environmental Factor  
Storage  
Shipping  
(see Note 3)  
10 to 40°C  
(50 to 104°F)  
1 to 60°C  
(33.8 to 140°F)  
−40 to 60°C  
(−40 to 140°F)  
Drive temperature  
Relative humidity  
(noncondensing)  
20 to 80%  
10 to 90%  
10 to 90%  
26°C  
(78.8°F)  
26°C  
(78.8°F)  
26°C  
(78.8°F)  
Wet bulb temperature  
Notes:  
1. Measured at the drive’s power connector.  
2. The + 5 Vdc and + 12 Vdc maximum currents do not occur simultaneously. The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive monitors  
voltage and reports problems to the server.  
3. Measured in front of the bezel, near the air intake area (refer to Figure 4 on page 16).  
12 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Chapter 3. Installing the Tape Drive  
Attention:  
To avoid static electricity damage when you handle the IBM TotalStorage LTO  
Ultrium 2 Tape Drive, use the following precautions:  
v Limit your movement. Movement can cause static electricity to build around  
you.  
v Always handle the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive carefully. Never touch exposed  
circuitry.  
v Prevent others from touching the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive.  
v Before you unpack and install the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive into an enclosure,  
touch its static-protective packaging to an unpainted metal surface on the  
enclosure for at least 2 seconds. This reduces static electricity in the  
packaging and your body.  
v When possible, remove the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive from its static-protective  
packaging and install it directly into an enclosure without setting it down.  
When this is not possible, place the tape drive’s packaging on a smooth,  
level surface and place the tape drive on the packaging.  
v Do not place the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive on the cover of the enclosure or on  
any other metal surface.  
The steps that follow describe how to install the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive into an  
enclosure.  
Note: Depending on the type of enclosure, installation procedures may vary. Before  
starting this installation, read these instructions and compare them to the  
drive installation instructions for your enclosure.  
When installing the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive into an enclosure, refer to “Rear View of  
the SCSI Drive” on page 14 or “Rear View of the Fibre Channel Drive” on page 15.  
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2002  
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Rear View of the SCSI Drive  
ꢀ1ꢁ  
ꢀ2ꢁ  
ꢀ3ꢁ  
ꢀ4ꢁ  
ꢀ5ꢁ  
Feature switches  
SCSI connector  
SCSI ID connector  
Power connector  
Library/Drive Interface (LDI or RS-422 interface) connector  
Figure 2. Rear view of the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive Model T400 (SCSI  
drive)  
14 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Rear View of the Fibre Channel Drive  
ꢀ1ꢁ  
ꢀ2ꢁ  
ꢀ3ꢁ  
ꢀ4ꢁ  
ꢀ5ꢁ  
ꢀ6ꢁ  
Power connector  
Feature switches  
Loop identifier (LID)/status connector  
Fibre Channel (FC) configuration/status connector  
Fibre Channel connector  
Library/Drive Interface (LDI or RS-422 interface) connector  
Figure 3. Rear view of the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive Model T400F (Fibre  
Channel drive)  
Chapter 3. Installing 15  
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Step 1. Unpack the Drive  
Unpack the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive and store the packaging. You may need the  
packaging if you return the unit for service.  
Attention::  
Acclimation time is required if the temperature of the drive when unpacked is  
different than the temperature of its operating environment (measured at the front of  
the bezel near the air intake area; see Figure 4). The recommended acclimation  
time is 4 hours after the drive has been unpacked or 1 hour after any condensation  
that you can see has evaporated, whichever is greater. When acclimatizing the  
drive, apply the following measures:  
v If the drive is colder than its operating environment and the air contains sufficient  
humidity, condensation may occur in the drive and damage it. When the drive  
has warmed to the operating temperature range (greater than 10°C or 50°F) and  
no danger of condensation is present (the air is dry), warm the drive more quickly  
by powering it on for 30 minutes. Use a diagnostic tape to test the drive before  
inserting a tape that contains data.  
v If the drive is hotter than its operating environment, the tape can stick to the drive  
head. When the drive has cooled to the operating temperature range (less than  
40°C or 104°F), cool the drive more quickly by applying airflow for 30 minutes.  
Power-on the drive and use a diagnostic tape to test it before inserting a tape  
that contains data.  
If you are uncertain about whether the temperature of the drive is within the  
recommended operating range or the humidity is sufficient to cause condensation,  
acclimate the drive for the full 4 hours.  
Figure 4. Measuring the temperature of the operating environment. The temperature is  
measured at the front of the bezel, near the air intake area.  
Step 2. Remove Power from the Enclosure  
__ 1. Power-off the enclosure (or the unit that provides power to the drive)  
__ 2. Disconnect the power cord from both the electrical outlet and the enclosure.  
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Step 3. Set the SCSI ID or Arbitrated Loop Physical Address  
Perform one of the following steps:  
v If you are installing an Ultrium 2 Tape Drive that uses a SCSI interface (Model  
T400), you must set the drive’s SCSI ID. For instructions, go to “Setting the SCSI  
ID (SCSI Drive Only)” on this page.  
v If you are installing an Ultrium 2 Tape Drive that uses a Fibre Channel interface  
(Model T400F), you must set the drive’s Arbitrated Loop Physical Address  
(AL_PA). For instructions, go to “Setting the Arbitrated Loop Physical Address  
(Fibre Channel Drive Only)” on page 19.  
Setting the SCSI ID (SCSI Drive Only)  
You can set the SCSI ID in one of three ways:  
v By placing jumpers on the SCSI ID connector  
v By using a SCSI ID switch that is connected to the SCSI ID connector  
v By issuing a command from the library to set the SCSI ID through the drive’s LDI  
interface  
The sections that follow describe each method of setting the SCSI ID.  
Setting the SCSI ID with Jumpers  
You can set the SCSI ID on the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive by installing 2-mm jumpers on  
the drive’s SCSI ID connector (see ꢀ3ꢁ in Figure 2 on page 14). Your tape drive  
may come set to a default SCSI configuration, with jumpers already installed. To  
change the default SCSI configuration, contact your sales or or technical support  
representative. You can change the SCSI ID by rearranging, adding, or removing  
jumpers.  
To set the SCSI ID:  
__ 1. Locate the SCSI ID connector (see ꢀ3ꢁ in Figure 2 on page 14).  
__ 2. Before attaching the SCSI bus cable to the server, decide the SCSI ID  
number that you want. Make sure that the ID is not being used by another  
device.  
__ 3. Referring to Figure 5 on page 18, find the ID number that you chose then  
place jumpers on the connector pins as shown (use a pair of needle-nose  
pliers to connect the jumpers to the pins that are shaded).  
Note: If you set the SCSI ID to 15, the drive will not necessarily be set to  
that ID; instead, the drive will expect to receive the SCSI ID through a  
command over its LDI interface.  
Chapter 3. Installing 17  
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Figure 5. SCSI ID settings on the SCSI ID connector  
Setting the SCSI ID with a SCSI ID Switch  
If your enclosure uses a SCSI ID switch (rather than jumpers), connect the switch  
to the drive’s SCSI ID connector (see ꢀ3ꢁ in Figure 2 on page 14). If any jumpers  
are pre-installed, be sure to remove them before connecting the switch. The SCSI  
ID switch must be compatible with the drive’s SCSI ID connector and must make an  
electrical connection between the same pins as the jumpers to achieve the same  
corresponding SCSI ID.  
Setting the SCSI ID Through the LDI Interface  
If you are installing the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive into a tape library, you can issue a  
command from the library to set the drive’s SCSI ID through the LDI interface.  
Make sure that the SCSI ID is set to 15 (see Figure 5). When configured to accept  
its SCSI ID through the LDI interface, the drive does not respond to SCSI  
commands until it receives a Set Configuration command through the interface.  
Supplying TERMPOWER (SCSI Drive Only)  
To supply TERMPOWER to the bus, locate one of the five jumpers shipped with the  
Ultrium 2 Tape Drive and place it on the SCSI ID connector as shown in the  
following figure. Place the jumper on the pins that are shaded.  
Note that you must provide SCSI termination externally to the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive.  
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Setting the Arbitrated Loop Physical Address (Fibre Channel Drive  
Only)  
Each device on a Fibre Channel loop must have an Arbitrated Loop Physical  
Address (AL_PA) to communicate. The AL_PA identifies the device on the loop. To  
set the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive’s AL_PA, you must place jumpers on specific pins in  
the drive’s loop identifier (LID)/status connector. The placement of the jumpers  
indicates whether you want to choose the LID yourself (each LID corresponds to a  
specific AL_PA) or whether you want the drive to choose the AL_PA by arbitrating it  
with other devices on the loop. Valid LIDs and their corresponding AL_PAs are  
provided in this section.  
Note: A Loop ID is part of a contiguous range of values; valid AL_PA values are  
not in a contiguous range.  
In addition to establishing the AL_PA, by moving Feature Switch 3 on the drive to  
ON or off you can set the drive so that it provides one of the following functions:  
v Status about the Fibre Channel loop (through the use of external indicators in an  
enclosure)  
v Additional LIDs  
The sections that follow describe how to select the AL_PA. They also describe how  
to set Feature Switch 3 so that the drive gives status about the loop or provides  
additional LIDs.  
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Setting the Loop ID to Provide Status About the Loop  
If Feature Switch 3 on the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive is set to OFF (see ꢀ1ꢁ in Figure 6),  
the LID/status connector ꢀ2ꢁ has the following definition:  
v Pins 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 8 are inputs and are used to set the LID.  
v Pins 5 and 6 are used as outputs:  
– Pin 5 has three states: off (ground), on (3.3 V), and alternating (between off  
and on). Pin 5 will be off if the drive does not detect light on the Fibre  
Channel connector, if (while communicating as an L_port) the drive does not  
complete the Loop Initialization Protocol (LIP), or if (while communicating as  
an N_port) the drive does not complete logging in to the host or switch. Pin 5  
will be on if the drive detects light, successfully completes the LIP process, or  
logs in to another port. After the drive has completed the LIP process, the pin  
will be alternating when the drive is receiving SCSI commands, and the pin  
will be on when the drive is not receiving SCSI commands.  
– Pin 6 indicates that the drive detects light. If pin 6 is on but pin 5 is off, this  
could indicate communication problems across the fiber cable.  
– If the drive is installed in an enclosure, pins 5 and 6 may be used to support  
external indicators, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), on the enclosure.  
Note: If indicators are used on an enclosure, the drive does not report error  
codes 8 and F (Fibre Channel problems) to the single-character  
display. Instead, pins 5 and 6 signal to the indicators that there is a  
problem.  
v Pin 9 is ground.  
Figure 6. Setting the Loop ID and the AL_PA. The feature switches are located on the bottom  
of the drive.  
To set the AL_PA:  
__ 1. Determine an unused AL_PA for the drive and refer to Table 5 on page 21 for  
its corresponding LID.  
__ 2. Locate the LID/status connector on the drive (see ꢀ2ꢁ in Figure 6).  
__ 3. Place jumpers on pins 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 8 as shown in Table 5 on page 21.  
By using hard addressing, you can specify one of 62 valid AL_PAs for the  
drive. If you place jumpers on the four top and bottom pins on the right (a  
total of eight pins), the drive gets the AL_PA from a field in its vital product  
data (VPD). (A tape library can set the AL_PA in the VPD through the LDI  
interface.) If you do not place jumpers on any pins, the drive uses soft  
addressing to determine the AL_PA.  
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Table 5. ID Settings that provide status about the loop. The table lists the AL_PAs, corresponding LIDs, and  
definitions of the jumpers on the connector pins. Feature Switch 3 must be set to OFF.  
Pin  
Pin  
(see Notes)  
(see Notes)  
AL_PA  
LID  
AL_PA  
LID  
1
2
3
4
7
8
1
2
3
4
7
8
use soft  
addressing  
0
-
-
-
-
-
-
B2  
20  
G
-
-
-
-
-
E8  
E4  
E2  
E1  
E0  
DC  
DA  
D9  
D6  
D5  
D4  
D3  
D2  
D1  
CE  
CD  
CC  
CB  
CA  
C9  
C7  
C6  
C5  
C3  
BC  
BA  
B9  
B6  
B5  
B4  
1
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
G
G
-
G
-
B1  
AE  
AD  
AC  
AB  
AA  
A9  
A7  
A6  
A5  
A3  
9F  
9E  
9D  
9B  
98  
97  
90  
8F  
88  
84  
82  
81  
80  
7C  
7A  
79  
76  
75  
74  
21  
22  
23  
24  
25  
26  
27  
28  
29  
2A  
2B  
2C  
2D  
2E  
2F  
30  
31  
32  
33  
34  
35  
36  
37  
38  
39  
3A  
3B  
3C  
3D  
3E  
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
G
G
-
G
-
3
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
-
G
-
4
-
-
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
G
G
G
G
-
5
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
-
G
-
6
-
-
G
G
-
-
-
G
G
-
7
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
-
8
-
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
-
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
9
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
-
G
-
A
-
-
G
G
-
-
-
G
G
-
B
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
-
C
-
G
G
G
G
-
-
G
G
G
G
-
D
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
-
E
-
G
G
-
-
G
G
-
F
-
G
-
-
G
-
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
1A  
1B  
1C  
1D  
1E  
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
G
-
-
-
G
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
G
G
G
G
-
-
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
G
G
-
-
G
G
-
-
G
-
-
G
-
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
G
G
-
-
G
G
-
-
G
-
-
G
-
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
G
-
-
G
-
G
G
use AL_PA  
from VPD  
B3  
1F  
-
G
G
G
G
G
3F  
G
G
G
G
G
G
Notes:  
1. G means that the pin is jumpered to ground.  
2. - means that the pin is not jumpered.  
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Setting the Loop ID to Provide Additional Loop IDs  
If Feature Switch 3 on the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive is set to ON (see ꢀ1ꢁ in Figure 6 on  
page 20), the LID/status connector ꢀ2ꢁ has the following definition:  
v Pins 1 through 7 are used to set the LID.  
v Pin 8 overrides pins 1 through 7. If you place a jumper on pin 8, the drive uses  
its vital product data (VPD) to set the AL_PA. A tape library can set the AL_PA in  
VPD through the LDI interface.  
v Pin 9 is ground.  
Note: Feature Switch 3 does not support LEDs on an enclosure. Therefore, when  
Feature Switch 3 is set to ON, the drive can report Fibre Channel problems  
(error codes 8 and F) on the single-character display, but not by using the  
enclosure’s external indicators.  
To set the AL_PA:  
__ 1. Determine an unused AL_PA address for the drive and refer to Table 6 for its  
corresponding LID.  
__ 2. Locate the LID/status connector on the drive (see ꢀ2ꢁ in Figure 6 on  
page 20).  
__ 3. Place jumpers on pins 1 through 7 as shown in Table 6 or on pin 8.  
Table 6. ID settings that provide additional Loop IDs. The table lists the AL_PAs, corresponding LIDs, and definitions  
of the jumpers on the connector pins. Feature Switch 3 must be set to ON.  
Pin  
Pin  
(see Notes)  
(see Notes)  
AL_PA  
LID  
AL_PA  
LID  
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
4
-
5
6
-
7
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
3
4
-
5
6
-
7
G
-
EF  
E8  
E4  
E2  
E1  
E0  
DC  
DA  
D9  
D6  
D5  
D4  
D3  
D2  
D1  
CE  
CD  
CC  
CB  
CA  
C9  
C7  
C6  
0
1
-
-
-
-
B1  
AE  
AD  
AC  
AB  
AA  
A9  
A7  
A6  
A5  
A3  
9F  
9E  
9D  
9B  
98  
97  
90  
8F  
88  
84  
82  
81  
21  
22  
23  
24  
25  
26  
27  
28  
29  
2A  
2B  
2C  
2D  
2E  
2F  
30  
31  
32  
33  
34  
35  
36  
37  
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
-
-
-
G
-
-
G
G
-
2
-
-
-
G
G
-
-
-
-
G
-
3
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
G
G
G
-
4
-
-
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
-
G
-
5
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
G
-
6
-
-
G
G
-
-
-
G
-
7
-
-
G
-
-
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
8
-
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
-
G
-
9
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
G
-
A
-
-
G
G
-
-
-
G
-
B
-
-
G
-
-
G
G
G
G
-
C
D
E
-
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
G
G
-
-
G
G
-
-
G
-
F
-
G
-
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
G
-
-
-
G
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
G
G
G
G
-
G
G
G
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
G
G
-
G
-
G
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Table 6. ID settings that provide additional Loop IDs (continued). The table lists the AL_PAs, corresponding LIDs,  
and definitions of the jumpers on the connector pins. Feature Switch 3 must be set to ON.  
Pin  
Pin  
(see Notes)  
(see Notes)  
AL_PA  
LID  
AL_PA  
LID  
1
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
4
-
5
6
G
-
7
G
-
1
-
2
3
4
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
5
6
-
7
-
C5  
C3  
BC  
BA  
B9  
B6  
B5  
B4  
B3  
B2  
6E  
6D  
6C  
6B  
6A  
69  
67  
66  
65  
63  
5C  
5A  
59  
56  
55  
54  
53  
52  
51  
4E  
4D  
4C  
4B  
4A  
49  
47  
46  
45  
43  
17  
18  
19  
1A  
1B  
1C  
1D  
1E  
1F  
20  
42  
43  
44  
45  
46  
47  
48  
49  
4A  
4B  
4C  
4D  
4E  
4F  
50  
51  
52  
53  
54  
55  
56  
57  
58  
59  
5A  
5B  
5C  
5D  
5E  
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
G
-
80  
7C  
7A  
79  
76  
75  
74  
73  
72  
71  
39  
36  
35  
34  
33  
32  
31  
2E  
2D  
2C  
2B  
2A  
29  
27  
26  
25  
23  
1F  
1E  
1D  
1B  
18  
17  
10  
0F  
08  
04  
02  
01  
38  
39  
3A  
3B  
3C  
3D  
3E  
3F  
40  
41  
61  
62  
63  
64  
65  
66  
67  
68  
69  
6A  
6B  
6C  
6D  
6E  
6F  
70  
71  
72  
73  
74  
75  
76  
77  
78  
79  
7A  
7B  
7C  
7D  
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
-
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
G
-
-
-
G
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
G
G
G
G
-
-
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
G
G
-
-
G
G
-
-
G
-
-
G
-
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
-
-
-
G
G
-
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
G
G
G
-
-
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
-
G
G
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
G
G
-
G
-
-
-
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
G
G
-
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
G
-
-
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
-
G
-
-
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
G
G
-
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
G
-
-
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
G
G
G
G
-
-
G
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
G
-
-
G
G
-
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
G
-
-
-
-
G
-
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
-
G
G
-
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
G
-
-
G
G
G
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
G
G
G
G
-
-
G
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
G
-
-
G
G
-
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
G
-
-
-
G
-
G
G
G
G
G
G
-
G
G
-
-
-
G
-
-
G
-
-
G
G
-
G
G
G
-
G
-
-
G
-
G
G
G
-
G
Chapter 3. Installing 23  
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Table 6. ID settings that provide additional Loop IDs (continued). The table lists the AL_PAs, corresponding LIDs,  
and definitions of the jumpers on the connector pins. Feature Switch 3 must be set to ON.  
Pin  
Pin  
(see Notes)  
(see Notes)  
AL_PA  
LID  
AL_PA  
LID  
1
2
-
3
4
G
-
5
6
G
-
7
G
-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
-
3C  
3A  
5F  
60  
G
G
G
-
G
-
SA  
SA  
7E  
7F  
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
Notes:  
1. G means that the pin is jumpered to ground.  
2. - means that the pin is not jumpered.  
3. SA means soft addressing.  
Step 4. Change the Link Services of the Drive (optional)  
You can optionally change the link services (for example, the speed and type of  
topology) of your Fibre Channel drive. If you choose not to alter the link services,  
the drive defaults to a negotiated speed and operation in an FC-AL topology with a  
direct connection to the server.  
In the following procedure, note that:  
v Pin 5 is disconnected and is not represented in Table 7.  
v Pin 9 is ground.  
To change the type of topology and the speed of the Fibre Channel drive:  
__ 1. Determine the type of topology in which you want to operate the Ultrium 2  
Tape Drive and refer to Table 7 for its corresponding pin configuration.  
__ 2. Determine the speed at which you want the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive to operate  
and refer to Table 7 for its corresponding pin configuration.  
__ 3. Locate the Fibre Channel (FC) configuration/status connector on the drive  
(see ꢀ1ꢁ in Figure 7 on page 25).  
__ 4. Place jumpers on the pins that you identified in steps 1 and 2.  
Table 7. Topology and speed settings for the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
Pin  
Fibre Channel  
Characteristic  
1
2
3
4
5 through 8  
Speed Selection  
Drive uses VPD values that  
can be updated by the LDI  
or RS-422 (the default  
value is Negotiated)  
-
-
X
X
X
2 Gb (200 MB/s)  
1 Gb (100 MB/s)  
-
G
-
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
G
G
Negotiated (the drive  
G
automatically negotiates to  
the highest common speed)  
Topology Selection  
Drive uses VPD values that  
can be updated by the LDI  
or RS-422 (the default  
value is the NL_port)  
X
X
-
-
X
24 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Table 7. Topology and speed settings for the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive (continued)  
Pin  
Fibre Channel  
Characteristic  
1
X
X
X
2
X
X
X
3
-
4
G
-
5 through 8  
L_Port  
N_Port  
X
X
X
G
G
NL_Port (the drive  
G
automatically selects and  
configures the topology)  
Notes:  
1. G means that the pin is jumpered to ground.  
2. - means that the pin is not jumpered.  
3. X means that the setting of the pin does not matter.  
Figure 7. Location of the Fibre Channel (FC) configuration/status connector. The view is from  
the rear of the drive.  
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Step 5. Mount the Tape Drive into the Enclosure  
The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive may be shipped with or without a front bezel (see ꢀ1ꢁ in  
Figure 8).  
To mount the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive into an enclosure:  
__ 1. Remove the cover of your enclosure (refer to the instructions in the  
enclosure’s documentation).  
__ 2. Place the drive into the enclosure so that its tape load compartment faces  
the tape load compartment of the enclosure.  
__ 3. Insert two 6-32 screws into the mounting holes ꢀ2ꢁ on the side brackets of  
the chassis.  
Attention: When inserted into the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive, the length of the  
mounting screws must not exceed 3.5 mm (0.14 in.) inside the chassis. If the length  
exceeds this measurement, the tape drive may become damaged.  
Figure 8. Mounting holes on Ultrium 2 Tape Drive. The holes are located on both sides of the  
drive. The tape drive is shown with a front bezel.  
26 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Step 6. Connect and Test Power to the Tape Drive  
The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive does not contain its own power source; it must be  
powered externally.  
To connect and test power to the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive:  
__ 1. Ensure that the enclosure (or unit that supplies power to the drive) is  
powered off.  
__ 2. Ensure that the power cord is disconnected from both the enclosure and the  
power outlet.  
__ 3. Connect the enclosure’s internal power cable to the power connector on the  
drive (if you are using a SCSI drive, see ꢀ4ꢁ in Figure 2 on page 14; if you  
are using Fibre Channel drive, see ꢀ1ꢁ in Figure 3 on page 15). Ensure that  
the connector is properly connected.  
__ 4. Connect the power cord to the enclosure and to the electrical outlet.  
__ 5. Review the location of the single-character display and the status light on  
page 31 (if your drive does not have a bezel, note that the bulb of the status  
light is recessed and the light is not visible until lit). To ensure that the drive  
is receiving power, watch for the following while turning on the power to the  
enclosure:  
v The single-character display presents a series of random characters, then  
becomes blank (not lit).  
Note: If the single-character display does not come on, the drive  
may not be getting power.  
v The status light briefly becomes solid amber, then becomes solid green.  
__ 6. Power-off the enclosure.  
__ 7. Disconnect the power cord from both the enclosure and the electrical outlet.  
Step 7. Connect the Internal SCSI or Fibre Channel Cable  
__ 1. Perform one of the following procedures:  
v If you are using a SCSI drive (Model T400), connect the enclosure’s  
internal SCSI cable to the SCSI connector on the drive (see ꢀ2ꢁ in  
Figure 2 on page 14).  
v If you are using a Fibre Channel drive (Model T400F), connect the  
enclosure’s internal Fibre Channel cable to the Fibre Channel connector  
on the drive (see ꢀ5ꢁ in Figure 3 on page 15).  
__ 2. Ensure that the connector is properly connected.  
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Step 8. Connect the Internal LDI Cable (optional)  
Note: Use this step only if you are installing the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive into a library  
control system. The drive uses the Library/Drive Interface (LDI) to  
communicate with a tape library.  
Connect the enclosure’s internal LDI cable to the LDI connector on the drive (see  
ꢀ5ꢁ in Figure 2 on page 14 or ꢀ6ꢁ in Figure 3 on page 15).  
Step 9. Run Drive Diagnostics  
__ 1. Replace the cover on the enclosure.  
__ 2. Connect the power cord to both the enclosure and the electrical outlet, then  
power-on the enclosure.  
__ 3. Run one or more of the following tape drive diagnostics. If an error code  
appears on the single-character display, go to Table 15 on page 67.  
v Function Code 1 - Run Tape Drive Diagnostics (see page 36).  
v Function Code 6 - Run Wrap Test (for a SCSI drive, see page 39; for a  
Fibre Channel drive, see page 40).  
v Function Code 7 - Run LDI Wrap Test (see page 41).  
__ 4. Power-off the enclosure, then disconnect the power cord from both the  
enclosure and the electrical outlet.  
Step 10. Install the Device Drivers  
For information about installing device drivers, refer to the documentation for your  
enclosure.  
Step 11. Connect the External SCSI or Fibre Channel Interface to the  
Server  
Perform one of the following steps:  
v If you are using a SCSI drive (Model T400), connect the enclosure’s external  
SCSI cable to the SCSI connector on the server. For instructions, go to “Connect  
the External SCSI Interface to the Server” on this page.  
v If you are using a Fibre Channel drive (Model T400F), connect the enclosure’s  
external Fibre Channel cable to the Fibre Channel connector on the server. For  
instructions, go to “Connect the External Fibre Channel Interface to the Server”  
on page 29.  
Connect the External SCSI Interface to the Server  
To connect the enclosure to the SCSI bus:  
__ 1. Connect an external SCSI bus cable to both the enclosure and the server  
(for the location of the connectors, refer to the documentation for your  
enclosure and server).  
__ 2. Run the appropriate SCSI attachment verification procedure from your server  
(for instructions, refer to the IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Installation and  
User’s Guide). If a SCSI error occurs, refer to “Using Sense Data” on  
page 71.  
28 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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If you want to power a device on or off while it is connected to the same SCSI bus  
as an Ultrium 2 Tape Drive, you can do so if, during the power-on cycle, you  
quiesce all devices (including the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive) on the bus.  
Connect the External Fibre Channel Interface to the Server  
To connect the enclosure to the Fibre Channel interface:  
__ 1. Connect an external fiber cable to both the enclosure and the appropriate  
attachment (server, switch, or hub). For the location of the connectors and  
for information about attaching the fiber cable, refer to the documentation for  
your enclosure and for your server, switch, or hub.  
Note: A drive with a Fibre Channel interface can be ordered with several  
lengths of fiber cabling, up to 61 m (200 ft). For ordering information,  
see Table 16 on page 95.  
__ 2. Run the appropriate Fibre Channel attachment verification procedure from  
your server (for instructions, refer to the IBM Ultrium Device Drivers  
Installation and User’s Guide). If a SCSI error occurs, refer to “Using Sense  
Data” on page 71.  
Step 12. Connect the External LDI Interface to the Server (optional)  
Use this step only if your enclosure requires an LDI interface.  
To perform a checkout of the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive, connect the enclosure’s external  
LDI cable to the server (for the location of the external LDI connector, refer to the  
documentation for the enclosure).  
Step 13. Configure the Tape Drive to the Server, Switch, or Hub  
To configure the SCSI tape drive (Model T400) to the server, or to configure the  
Fibre Channel drive (Model T400F) to a server, switch, or hub, refer to the  
documentation for that server, switch, or hub.  
Chapter 3. Installing 29  
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30 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Chapter 4. Operating the Tape Drive  
When operating the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive, refer to Figure 9 which shows the front of  
the unit.  
ꢀ1ꢁ  
Status light  
ꢀ2ꢁ  
Unload button  
ꢀ3ꢁ  
Single-character display  
Single red dot  
ꢀ4ꢁ  
Figure 9. Front view of the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2002  
31  
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Status Light  
The status light (ꢀ1ꢁ in Figure 9 on page 31) is a light-emitting diode (LED) that  
provides information about the state of the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive. The light can be  
green or amber, and (when lit) solid or flashing. Table 8 lists the conditions of the  
status light and provides an explanation of what each condition means.  
Table 8. Meaning of Status Light Activity  
Color and Condition  
Meaning  
of Status Light  
Off  
The tape drive has no power or is powered off.  
The tape drive is powered on and is idle.  
Green/Solid  
Green/Flashing  
The tape drive is reading from the tape, writing to the tape,  
rewinding the tape, locating data on the tape, loading the tape, or  
unloading the tape.  
The status light also flashes green if the tape drive contains a  
cartridge during the power-on cycle. In this case, the drive  
completes POST and slowly rewinds the tape (the process may  
take approximately 13 minutes). The light stops blinking and  
becomes solid when the drive completes the recovery and is ready  
for a read or write operation. To eject the cartridge, press the  
unload button.  
Amber/Solid  
The tape drive is powering on, is resetting, or is in maintenance  
mode. For information about the functions that are available when  
the drive is in maintenance mode, see “Selecting a Diagnostic or  
Maintenance Function” on page 36.  
Amber/Flashing  
One of the following applies:  
v
If the light flashes once per second, an error occurred and the  
tape drive or media may require service. Note the code on the  
single-character display, then go to Table 15 on page 67 to  
determine the action that is required. If a solid C appears in the  
single-character display, the drive needs cleaning.  
v
v
v
If the light flashes twice per second, the tape drive is updating  
firmware. For more information, see “Updating the Firmware” on  
page 45.  
If the light flashes once per second, the tape drive is updating  
firmware. For more information, see “Updating the Firmware” on  
page 45.  
If the light flashes twice per second, the tape drive detected an  
error and is performing a firmware recovery. It resets  
automatically.  
32 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Unload Button  
The unload button (ꢀ2ꢁ in Figure 9 on page 31) enables you to perform the following  
functions:  
v Rewind the tape into the cartridge and eject the cartridge from the tape drive. For  
more information, see “Removing a Tape Cartridge” on page 35.  
v Enter or exit maintenance mode, or perform diagnostic or maintenance functions.  
For more information, see “Selecting a Diagnostic or Maintenance Function” on  
page 36.  
v Perform a panic reset of the drive. Attention: If the tape drive detected a  
permanent error and displayed an error code, it automatically forces a drive  
dump (also known as a save of the firmware trace). If you perform a panic reset  
of the drive, the existing dump will be overwritten and lost. To perform a panic  
reset, press and hold the unload button on the drive for 10 seconds. The drive  
forces a dump and overwrites the existing dump. The drive then reboots to allow  
communication.  
Single-Character Display  
The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive features an LED (ꢀ3ꢁ in Figure 9 on page 31) that  
presents a single-character code for:  
v Diagnostic or maintenance functions  
v Error conditions and informational messages  
Table 9 on page 36 lists each single-character code that is used for diagnostic or  
maintenance functions. Table 15 on page 67 lists the codes for error conditions and  
informational messages. If multiple errors occur, the code with the highest priority  
(represented by the lowest number) displays first. When the error is corrected, the  
code with the next highest priority displays, and so on until no errors remain.  
Single Red Dot  
The single-character display is blank during normal operation. However, if a drive  
dump is present while the drive is in maintenance mode, a single red dot illuminates  
on the display. To copy the dump to tape, see Function Code 5 in Table 9 on  
page 36.  
The red dot turns off when you obtain the dump (by using an FMR tape a SCSI  
command, or a library command). If no dump is present while the drive is in  
maintenance mode, the single red dot does not illuminate.  
Chapter 4. Operating 33  
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Inserting a Tape Cartridge  
To insert a tape cartridge:  
1. Ensure that the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive is powered-on.  
2. Ensure that the write-protect switch is properly set (see “Setting the  
Write-Protect Switch” on page 50).  
3. Grasp the cartridge so that the write-protect switch faces you (see ꢀ1ꢁ in  
Figure 10).  
4. Slide the cartridge into the tape load compartment.  
Notes:  
a. If the cartridge is already in an ejected position and you want to reinsert it,  
remove the cartridge then insert it again.  
b. If the cartridge is already loaded and you cycle the power (turn it off, then  
on), the tape will reload.  
Figure 10. Inserting a cartridge into the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
34 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Removing a Tape Cartridge  
To remove a tape cartridge:  
1. Ensure that the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive is powered-on.  
2. Press the unload button. The drive rewinds the tape and partially ejects the  
cartridge. The status light flashes green while the tape rewinds, then goes out  
before the cartridge partially ejects.  
3. After the cartridge partially ejects, grasp the cartridge and remove it.  
If you are unable to remove the cartridge, see “Manually Removing a Tape  
Cartridge” on page 85. Whenever you unload a tape cartridge, the tape drive writes  
any pertinent information to the cartridge memory.  
Cleaning the Drive Head  
Attention: To clean the drive head, use the IBM LTO Ultrium Cleaning Cartridge,  
the IBM TotalStorage Cleaning Cartridge (Ultrium LTO 2), or an IBM-approved  
cleaning cartridge.  
Clean the drive head whenever C displays on the single-character display and the  
status light is flashing amber. To clean the head, insert the cleaning cartridge into  
the tape load compartment (see Figure 10 on page 34). The drive performs the  
cleaning automatically. When the cleaning is finished, the drive ejects the cartridge.  
The IBM TotalStorage Cleaning Cartridge (Ultrium LTO 2), the IBM LTO Ultrium  
Cleaning Cartridge, and most universal cleaning cartridges are generally valid for 50  
cleanings.  
Chapter 4. Operating 35  
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Selecting a Diagnostic or Maintenance Function  
The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive can run diagnostics, test write and read functions, test a  
suspect tape cartridge, update its own firmware, and perform other diagnostic and  
maintenance functions. The drive must be in maintenance mode to perform these  
functions. To place the drive in maintenance mode and select a diagnostic or  
maintenance function, see Table 9.  
Attention: Maintenance functions cannot be performed concurrently with read or  
write operations. While in maintenance mode, the tape drive does not accept SCSI  
or Fibre Channel commands from the server. The tape drive does accept LDI or  
RS-422 commands.  
Table 9. Diagnostic and maintenance functions  
Function Code 1 - Run SCSI or Fibre Channel Tape Drive Diagnostics  
Causes the tape drive to run self tests.  
Attention: Insert only a scratch data cartridge for this test. Data on the cartridge will be overwritten.  
1. Make sure that no cartridge is in the drive.  
2. Within a 1.5-second interval, press the unload button three times. The status light becomes solid amber, which  
means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
3. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until 1 appears in the single-character display. If you cycle past 1,  
continue to press the unload button until it redisplays.  
4. To select the function, press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds. After you select the function, 1 flashes,  
the drive runs diagnostics for approximately 90 seconds, then C flashes. When C flashes, the drive is waiting for a  
cartridge.  
5. Within 60 seconds, insert a scratch data cartridge (or the tape drive exits maintenance mode). After you insert the  
cartridge, 1 flashes:  
v
If the diagnostic completes successfully, it begins again and runs for a maximum of 10 times. Each loop takes  
approximately 20 minutes to run. After the tenth loop, the diagnostic stops and automatically exits maintenance  
mode. To halt the diagnostic, press the unload button within the first 20 minutes of the test (or the diagnostic  
will run another 20 minutes). The drive acknowledges the request by slowing the length of time that the  
currently displayed character flashes on the single-character display (from twice per second to once per  
second). The diagnostic continues to the end of its loop and then stops. The tape drive then displays 0,  
rewinds and unloads the cartridge, and exits maintenance mode.  
v
If the diagnostics fail, the status light flashes amber and an error code displays. The tape drive unloads the  
tape cartridge and exits maintenance mode. To resolve the error, locate the code in Table 15 on page 67.  
36 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Table 9. Diagnostic and maintenance functions (continued)  
Function Code 2 - Update Tape Drive Firmware from FMR Tape  
Causes the tape drive to load updated firmware from a field microcode replacement (FMR) tape.  
Attention: Do not power-off the tape drive while loading code.  
1. Make sure that no cartridge is in the drive.  
2. Within a 1.5-second interval, press the unload button three times. The status light becomes solid amber, which  
means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
3. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until 2 appears in the single-character display. If you cycle past 2,  
continue to press the unload button until it redisplays.  
4. To select the function, press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds. After you select the function, C flashes.  
When C flashes, the drive is waiting for a cartridge. Within 60 seconds, insert the FMR tape cartridge (or the tape  
drive exits maintenance mode). After you insert the cartridge, 2 flashes and the tape drive loads the updated  
firmware from the FMR tape cartridge into its erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) area:  
v
If the update completes successfully, the tape drive displays 0, rewinds and unloads the FMR tape, resets  
itself, and is ready to use the new firmware.  
v
If the update fails, the tape drive posts an error code to the single-character display (to resolve the error, see  
Table 15 on page 67). The drive then unloads the FMR tape and exits maintenance mode.  
Function Code 3 - Create FMR Tape  
Causes the tape drive to copy its field microcode replacement (FMR) data to a scratch data cartridge.  
Attention: If you select this function, the tape drive will overwrite existing data on the scratch data cartridge.  
1. Make sure that no cartridge is in the drive.  
2. Within a 1.5-second interval, press the unload button three times. The status light becomes solid amber, which  
means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
3. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until 3 appears in the single-character display. If you cycle past 3,  
continue to press the unload button until it redisplays.  
4. To select the function, press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds. After you select the function, C flashes.  
When C flashes, the drive is waiting for a cartridge. Within 60 seconds, insert a scratch data cartridge that is not  
write protected (or the tape drive exits maintenance mode). After you insert the cartridge, 3 flashes and the tape  
drive copies the FMR data to the scratch data cartridge:  
v
If the tape drive creates the FMR tape successfully, it displays 0, rewinds and unloads the new FMR tape, and  
exits maintenance mode.  
v
If the tape drive fails to create the FMR tape, it displays 7, unloads the FMR tape, and exits maintenance  
mode.  
Chapter 4. Operating 37  
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Table 9. Diagnostic and maintenance functions (continued)  
Function Code 4 - Force a Drive Dump  
Causes the tape drive to perform a collection (or dump) of data. (A drive dump is also known as a save of the  
firmware trace.) The dump (firmware trace) can only be analyzed by IBM.  
Note: When an error code displays, a red dot also displays to remind you that a dump already exists. If you perform  
Function Code 4, it will overwrite the dump and cause the error information to be lost.  
1. Make sure that no cartridge is in the drive.  
2. Within a 1.5-second interval, press the unload button three times. The status light becomes solid amber, which  
means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
3. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until 4 appears in the single-character display. If you cycle past 4,  
continue to press the unload button until it redisplays.  
4. To select the function, press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds. After you select the function, 4 displays,  
followed by 0. The single-character display then goes blank, and the tape drive exits maintenance mode.  
An illuminated red dot on the single-character display indicates that a drive dump has been created. To retrieve the  
dump from the drive, see Function Code 5 on page 38.  
You can also perform this operation when the tape drive is in normal operating mode. Simply press and hold the  
unload button for 10 seconds.  
Function Code 5 - Copy the Drive Dump to Tape (at Beginning of Tape)  
Causes the tape drive to copy data from a drive dump (captured with Function Code 4) to the beginning of a scratch  
data cartridge. An illuminated red dot on the single-character display indicates that a drive dump has been created.  
1. Make sure that no cartridge is in the drive.  
2. Within a 1.5-second interval, press the unload button three times. The status light becomes solid amber, which  
means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
3. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until 5 appears in the single-character display. If you cycle past 5,  
continue to press the unload button until it redisplays.  
4. To select the function, press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds. After you select the function, C flashes.  
When C flashes, the drive is waiting for a cartridge. Within 60 seconds, insert a scratch data cartridge that is not  
write-protected (or the tape drive exits maintenance mode). After you insert the cartridge, 5 flashes and the tape  
drive writes the dump data to the tape (at the beginning of the tape). When the function is complete, 0 displays,  
the drive rewinds and unloads the tape, and exits maintenance mode.  
From the server, issue the SCSI READ command to read the dump from the tape to a file or electronic image.  
For information about where to send the electronic image, contact your OEM Product Application Engineer (PAE).  
38 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Table 9. Diagnostic and maintenance functions (continued)  
Function Code 6 - Run SCSI or Fibre Channel Wrap Test  
Causes the drive to perform one of the following:  
v
v
A check of the SCSI circuitry from and to the SCSI connector  
A check of the Fibre Channel circuitry from and to the Fibre Channel connector or fiber cable  
To run the test, determine whether your drive uses a SCSI or Fibre Channel interface, then choose one of the  
following procedures.  
Running a SCSI Wrap Test  
This test evaluates the SCSI circuitry. A SCSI LVD wrap plug, a SCSI LVD terminator, and a Y-cable are required for  
this procedure.  
Note: You can terminate the Generation 1 drive internally while running the SCSI wrap test. Internal termination is  
not built into the Generation 2 drive, therefore you must run the SCSI wrap test by using a Y-cable and external  
termination.  
Before you select this function, you must configure the drive to supply term power, terminate the SCSI bus, and  
attach the SCSI wrap plug. Configure the drive to supply term power by placing a jumper on pin 6 of the drive’s SCSI  
ID connector (as shown by the shaded area in the figure below).  
Connect a Y-cable to the drive’s SCSI connector. Place a terminator on one end of the Y-cable and the wrap plug on  
the other end.  
1. Ensure that the drive does not contain a cartridge.  
2. Within a 1.5-second interval, press the unload button three times. The status light becomes solid amber, which  
means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
3. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until 6 appears in the single-character display. If you cycle past 6,  
continue to press the unload button until it redisplays.  
4. To select the function, press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds. After you select the function, the tape  
drive automatically starts the test:  
v
v
If the test is successful, it loops and begins again. To halt the test, press the unload button. The drive  
acknowledges the request by slowing the length of time that the currently displayed character flashes on the  
single-character display (from twice per second to once per second). The test continues to the end of its loop,  
then stops. 0 displays and the drive exits maintenance mode. To continue to isolate the problem, go to “Fixing  
SCSI Bus Errors” on page 77 and locate the steps to take after you run the SCSI wrap test.  
If the test fails, 8 displays, the test stops, and the tape drive exits maintenance mode. To resolve the error,  
replace the tape drive (see “Removing a SCSI Tape Drive from an Enclosure” on page 83).  
Chapter 4. Operating 39  
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Table 9. Diagnostic and maintenance functions (continued)  
Running a Fibre Channel Wrap Test  
This test evaluates the Fibre Channel circuitry at the drive’s Fibre Channel connector, then at the fiber cable. A Fibre  
Channel wrap plug is required for this procedure. To run the wrap test through the fiber cable, a duplex adapter is  
required.  
All cables and wrap plugs are hot-pluggable (that is, they can be removed from or added to the drive while the drive  
or its enclosure is powered-on). Do not bend the fiber cable more than a radius of 50.8 mm (2 in.) or the optical fiber  
may break.  
1. Take all devices on the Fibre Channel offline (for instructions, refer to your server’s documentation).  
2. Make sure that no cartridge is in the drive.  
3. Disconnect the fiber cable from the drive and replace it with the Fibre Channel wrap plug. (When you disconnect  
the cable, the connection to the Fibre Channel loop may break, but will be restored at the end of the procedure  
when you reconnect the cable. For other devices on the loop, operations may temporarily be disrupted.)  
Attention: Do not run the wrap test while the drive is connected to a Fibre Channel loop. This could disturb  
the Fibre Channel loop and cause performance or I/O problems.  
4. Within a 1.5-second interval, press the unload button three times. The status light becomes solid amber, which  
means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
Note: If a cartridge is in the drive, it will eject the first time that you press the unload button and the drive will  
not be placed in maintenance mode. To continue placing the drive in maintenance mode, remove the cartridge  
and repeat this step.  
5. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until 6 appears in the single-character display.  
Note: If you cycle past 6, press the unload button once per second until it redisplays.  
Testing the Circuitry at the Drive’s Fibre Channel Connector  
6. To select the function, press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds. After you select the function, the tape  
drive automatically starts the test:  
v
If the test is successful, the circuitry at the drive’s Fibre Channel connector is working properly. The test loops  
and begins again. Press the unload button. 0 displays and the tape drive exits maintenance mode. Continue  
to step 7 to test the fiber cable.  
v
If the test fails, an error code displays and the status light flashes amber. The test stops and the drive exits  
maintenance mode. To resolve the error, locate the code in Table 15 on page 67.  
7. Disconnect the Fibre Channel wrap plug from the drive.  
Testing the Circuitry at the Fiber Cable  
8. Connect the duplex adapter, then the Fibre Channel wrap plug to the end of the fiber cable.  
Note: The Fibre Channel wrap test can only be run on cable lengths up to 250 meters (820 ft).  
9. Within a 1.5-second interval, press the unload button three times. The status light becomes solid amber, which  
means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
Note: If a cartridge is in the drive, it will eject the first time that you press the unload button and the drive will  
not be placed in maintenance mode. To continue placing the drive in maintenance mode, remove the cartridge  
and repeat this step.  
10. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until 6 appears in the single-character display.  
Note: If you cycle past 6, press the unload button once per second until it redisplays.  
11. To select the function, press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds. After you select the function, the tape  
drive automatically starts the test:  
v
If the test is successful, the drive and the cable are working properly. The problem is at the server. To resolve  
the error, refer to the service guide for the server.  
v
If the test fails, replace the fiber cable.  
12. Remove the Fibre Channel wrap plug and the duplex adapter, and reconnect the fiber cable.  
40 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Table 9. Diagnostic and maintenance functions (continued)  
Function Code 7 - Run LDI or RS-422 Wrap Test  
Causes the tape drive to perform a check of the circuitry from and to the LDI or RS-422 connector.  
Before you select this function, attach an LDI or RS-422 wrap plug to the tape drive’s LDI or RS-422 connector (in  
place of the LDI or RS-422 cable).  
1. Make sure that no cartridge is in the drive.  
2. Within a 1.5-second interval, press the unload button three times. The status light becomes solid amber, which  
means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
3. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until 7 appears in the single-character display. If you cycle past 7,  
continue to press the unload button until it redisplays.  
4. To select the function, press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds. After you select the function, 7 flashes  
and the tape drive automatically starts the test:  
v
If the test is successful, it loops and begins again. To halt the test, press the unload button. The test continues  
to the end of its loop and then stops. The tape drive then displays 0 and exits maintenance mode.  
v
If the test fails, 9 displays, the test stops, and the tape drive exits maintenance mode. To resolve the error,  
locate 9 in Table 15 on page 67.  
Function Code 8 - Convert FMR Tape to Scratch Tape  
Causes the tape drive to erase the field microcode replacement (FMR) data on a scratch data cartridge and rewrite  
the cartridge memory on the tape. This turns the cartridge into a valid scratch data cartridge.  
1. Make sure that no cartridge is in the drive.  
2. Within a 1.5-second interval, press the unload button three times. The status light becomes solid amber, which  
means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
3. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until 8 appears in the single-character display. If you cycle past 8,  
continue to press the unload button until it redisplays.  
4. To select the function, press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds. After you select the function, C flashes.  
When C flashes, the drive is waiting for a cartridge. Within 60 seconds, insert the FMR cartridge (or the tape drive  
exits maintenance mode). After you insert the cartridge, 8 flashes, the tape drive erases the firmware on the tape,  
then rewrites the header in the cartridge memory to change the cartridge to a valid scratch data cartridge:  
v
If the operation is successful, the tape drive displays 0, rewinds and ejects the newly converted scratch data  
cartridge, and exits maintenance mode.  
v
If the operation is not successful, an error code displays. To resolve the error, locate the code in Table 15 on  
page 67.  
Chapter 4. Operating 41  
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Table 9. Diagnostic and maintenance functions (continued)  
Function Code 9 - Display Error Code Log  
Causes the tape drive to display the last 10 error codes, one at a time (the codes are ordered; the most recent is  
presented first and the oldest (tenth) is presented last).  
1. Make sure that no cartridge is in the drive.  
2. Within a 1.5-second interval, press the unload button three times. The status light becomes solid amber, which  
means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
3. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until 9 appears in the single-character display. If you cycle past 9,  
continue to press the unload button until it redisplays.  
4. To select the function, press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds. After you select the function, press the  
unload button to view the most recent error code. Press the unload button again to view successive error codes.  
If you press the unload button for 3 seconds after the tenth error code displays, 0 displays (if there are no errors  
in the log) and the drive exits maintenance mode.  
Function Code A - Clear Error Code Log  
Causes the tape drive to erase the contents of the error code log.  
1. Make sure that no cartridge is in the drive.  
2. Within a 1.5-second interval, press the unload button three times. The status light becomes solid amber, which  
means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
3. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until A appears in the single-character display. If you cycle past A,  
continue to press the unload button until it redisplays.  
4. To select the function, press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds. After you select the function, the tape  
drive erases all errors from the error code log, displays 0, then exits maintenance mode.  
Function Code C - Insert Cartridge into Tape Drive  
This function cannot be selected by itself. It relates to other maintenance functions (such as Run Tape Drive  
Diagnostics or Create FMR Tape) that require an FMR tape cartridge or scratch tape cartridge that is not write  
protected.  
42 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Table 9. Diagnostic and maintenance functions (continued)  
Function Code E - Test Cartridge & Media  
Causes the tape drive to perform a Write/Read test (on the edge bands) to ensure that a suspect cartridge and its  
magnetic tape are acceptable. The tape drive takes approximately 10 minutes to run the test.  
Attention: Data on the suspect tape will be overwritten.  
1. Make sure that no cartridge is in the drive.  
2. Within a 1.5-second interval, press the unload button three times. The status light becomes solid amber, which  
means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
3. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until E appears in the single-character display. If you cycle past E,  
continue to press the unload button until it redisplays.  
4. To select the function, press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds. After you select the function, C flashes.  
When C flashes, the drive is waiting for a cartridge. Within 60 seconds, insert the suspect data cartridge (or the  
tape drive exits maintenance mode). After you insert the cartridge, E flashes and the test begins:  
v
If no error is detected, the test begins again and runs for a maximum of 10 times. After the tenth loop, the test  
stops and the drive automatically exits maintenance mode. To halt the test, press the unload button. The drive  
acknowledges the request by slowing the length of time that the currently displayed character flashes on the  
single-character display (from twice per second to once per second). The test continues to the end of its loop  
and then stops. The tape drive then rewinds and unloads the cartridge, displays 0, and exits maintenance  
mode.  
v
If an error is detected, the tape drive displays 7, unloads the tape cartridge, and exits maintenance mode. To  
resolve the error, locate 7 in Table 15 on page 67.  
Function Code F - Fast Read/Write Test  
Causes the tape drive to perform tests to ensure that the drive can read from and write to tape. This diagnostic  
performs fewer tests than the Run Tape Drive Diagnostics test (Function Code 1). The tape drive takes approximately  
three minutes to run the test. The Fast Read/Write Test is not as comprehensive a test and is not recommended for  
isolating errors between the drive and the media.  
Attention: Data on the suspect tape will be overwritten.  
1. Make sure that no cartridge is in the drive.  
2. Within a 1.5-second interval, press the unload button three times. The status light becomes solid amber, which  
means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
3. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until F appears in the single-character display. If you cycle past F,  
continue to press the unload button until it redisplays.  
4. To select the function, press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds. After you select the function, C flashes.  
When C flashes, the drive is waiting for a cartridge. Within 60 seconds, insert the suspect data cartridge (or the  
tape drive exits maintenance mode). After you insert the cartridge, F flashes and the test begins.  
v
v
If no error is detected, the test begins again and runs for a maximum of 10 times. Each loop takes  
approximately 3 minutes to run. After the tenth loop, the test stops and the drive automatically exits  
maintenance mode. To halt the test, press the unload button. The drive acknowledges the request by slowing  
the length of time that the currently displayed character flashes on the single-character display (from twice per  
second to once per second). The test continues to the end of its loop and then stops. The tape drive then  
rewinds and unloads the cartridge, displays 0, and exits maintenance mode.  
If an error is detected, the tape drive displays an error code, unloads the tape cartridge, and exits maintenance  
mode. To resolve the error, locate the code in Table 15 on page 67.  
Chapter 4. Operating 43  
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Table 9. Diagnostic and maintenance functions (continued)  
Function Code H - Test Head  
Causes the tape drive to perform the Head Resistance Measurements test and a Write/Read test (on the center of  
the tape). The drive runs these tests to ensure that the tape drive’s head and tape-carriage mechanics are working  
correctly. The tape drive takes approximately 10 minutes to run the test.  
1. Make sure that no cartridge is in the drive.  
2. Within a 1.5-second interval, press the unload button three times. The status light becomes solid amber, which  
means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
3. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until H appears in the single-character display. If you cycle past H,  
continue to press the unload button until it redisplays.  
4. To select the function, press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds. After you select the function, C flashes.  
When C flashes, the drive is waiting for a cartridge. Within 60 seconds, insert a scratch data cartridge (or the tape  
drive exits maintenance mode). After you insert the cartridge, H flashes and the test begins:  
v
v
If no error is detected, the test begins again and runs for a maximum of 10 times. Each loop takes  
approximately 10 minutes to run. After the tenth loop, the test stops and the drive automatically exits  
maintenance mode. To halt the test, press the unload button. The drive acknowledges the request by slowing  
the length of time that the currently displayed character flashes on the single-character display (from twice per  
second to once per second). The test continues to the end of its loop and then stops. The tape drive then  
rewinds and unloads the cartridge, displays 0, and exits maintenance mode.  
If an error is detected, the tape drive displays 5, unloads the tape cartridge, and exits maintenance mode. To  
resolve the error, locate 5 in Table 15 on page 67.  
Function Code L - Reserved for Future Use  
Reserved for future use.  
Function Code P or U - Enable or Disable Post Error Reporting  
Used by support personnel during error detection, this function is an alternate method of setting or preventing the  
post error (PER) bit in the SCSI Read-Write Error Recovery Page. For more information, refer to the MODE SENSE  
command in the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium Tape Drive SCSI Reference.  
1. Make sure that no cartridge is in the drive.  
2. Within a 1.5-second interval, press the unload button three times. The status light becomes solid amber, which  
means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
3. Perform one of the following:  
v
To enable post error reporting, press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until U appears in the  
single-character display. If you cycle past U, continue to press the unload button until it redisplays.  
v
To disable post error reporting, press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until P appears in the  
single-character display. If you cycle past P, continue to press the unload button until it redisplays.  
4. To select the function, press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds. After you select the function, the drive  
displays one of the following:  
v
v
P to indicate that post error reporting is enabled.  
U to indicate that post error reporting is disabled.  
44 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Exiting Maintenance Mode  
To manually exit maintenance mode, press the unload button once per second until  
0 appears on the single-character display. Press and hold the unload button for 3  
seconds. The drive exits maintenance mode (the solid amber status light becomes  
solid green, then turns off).  
You can also exit maintenance mode by pressing the unload button during any  
maintenance or diagnostic function.  
Updating the Firmware  
Attention: When updating firmware, do not power-off the tape drive until the  
update is complete, or the firmware may be lost.  
Periodically check for updated levels of drive firmware by visiting the web at  
http://www.ibm.com/storage/lto. You can update your drive’s firmware by:  
v Obtaining the new firmware image and downloading it to the drive through the  
SCSI or Fibre Channel interface  
v Obtaining the new firmware image and downloading it to the drive through the  
LDI or RS-422 interface  
v Loading the firmware from a field microcode replacement (FMR) tape cartridge  
For instructions about how to obtain a new firmware image or FMR tape, visit the  
preceding web site. To update the firmware, refer to the following sections.  
Updating Firmware through the SCSI or Fibre Channel Interface  
Attention: SCSI drives and Fibre Channel drives require different firmware  
images.  
When you update the tape drive’s firmware by using the SCSI or Fibre Channel  
interface, the procedure varies, depending on whether your server uses an IBM  
tape device driver or a non-IBM tape device driver (such as a driver from Sun,  
Hewlett-Packard, or Microsoft).  
For instructions about updating firmware from a server that uses an IBM tape  
device driver, refer to the IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Installation and User’s Guide.  
To update firmware from a server that uses a non-IBM tape device driver, refer to  
the documentation for that device driver.  
Updating Firmware through the Library/Drive Interface  
The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive includes a firmware update feature that allows a tape  
library to download firmware to the drive by using the Library/Drive Interface (LDI)  
while the drive performs normal host operations on logical unit number (LUN) 0 of  
the SCSI Protocol Interface. The update typically takes 63 seconds and a maximum  
of 140 seconds. To activate the new firmware, cycle power to the drive, or unload  
the drive and issue a Power-on Reset command. The command may be received  
by the SCSI interface or the LDI (RS-422) interface.  
Note: If a Power-on Reset command is received while a cartridge is loaded in the  
drive, the drive will respond with a Check Condition. It will not activate the  
new code level until you cycle power, or until you receive a Power-on Reset  
command when the drive does not contain a cartridge.  
Chapter 4. Operating 45  
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Updating the Firmware with an FMR Tape Cartridge  
Attention: SCSI drives and Fibre Channel drives require different firmware  
images.  
To update the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive’s firmware from an FMR tape cartridge:  
1. Ensure that the tape drive is unloaded.  
2. Place the drive in maintenance mode by pressing the unload button three times  
within a 1.5-second interval. The status light becomes solid amber, which  
means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
3. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until 2 displays, then press and  
hold the button for 3 seconds. When C flashes, the drive is waiting for a  
cartridge.  
4. Insert the FMR tape cartridge. 2 flashes, the drive loads the updated firmware  
from the cartridge, and the status light flashes amber. When the update  
completes successfully, 0 displays and the cartridge automatically ejects.  
The drive resets itself and automatically activates the new firmware.  
If the update fails, an error code displays. To resolve the error, locate the code in  
Table 15 on page 67.  
46 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Chapter 5. Using the Media  
The IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive uses the following cartridge types:  
v IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 200 GB Data Cartridge (Generation 2)  
v IBM LTO Ultrium Cleaning Cartridge  
v IBM TotalStorage Cleaning Cartridge (Ultrium LTO 2)  
The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive (Generation 2) is compatible with the cartridges of its  
predecessor, the IBM Ultrium Internal Tape Drive (Generation 1). Cartridge  
compatibility for the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive is as follows:  
v Reads and writes Generation 2 cartridges to Generation 2 format  
v Reads and writes Generation 1 cartridges to Generation 1 format  
v Does not write Generation 2 cartridges to Generation 1 format  
v Does not write Generation 1 cartridges to Generation 2 format  
Figure 11 shows the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 200 GB Data Cartridge and its  
components.  
ꢀ1ꢁ  
ꢀ2ꢁ  
ꢀ3ꢁ  
LTO cartridge memory  
Cartridge door  
Leader pin  
ꢀ4ꢁ  
ꢀ5ꢁ  
ꢀ6ꢁ  
Write-protect switch  
Label area  
Insertion guide  
Figure 11. The IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 200 GB Data Cartridge  
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2002  
47  
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In addition to using LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Cartridges with up to 200 GB capacity, the  
tape drive reads and writes to certified LTO Ultrium Tape Cartridges that have  
capacities of 100, 50, 30, and 10 GB. If you want to control the capacity of the  
cartridge (for example, if you want to limit the capacity to obtain a faster seek time)  
you can do so by issuing the SCSI command SET CAPACITY. For information  
about this command, refer to the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium Tape Drive SCSI  
Reference.  
To ensure that your tape drive conforms to IBM’s specifications for reliability, use  
only IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium Tape Cartridges. You may use other  
LTO-certified data cartridges, but they may not meet the standards of reliability that  
are established by IBM. The IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 200 GB Data Cartridge  
cannot be interchanged with the media used in other IBM non-LTO Ultrium tape  
products.  
Data Cartridge  
The IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 200 GB Data Cartridge contains 1/2-inch,  
dual-coat, metal-particle tape that has a native data capacity of 200 GB (400 GB at  
2:1 compression). When processing the tape, the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2  
Tape Drive uses a linear, serpentine recording format, and reads and writes data on  
512 tracks, eight tracks at a time. The first set of eight tracks is written from near  
the beginning of the tape to near the end of the tape. The head then repositions to  
the next set of eight tracks for the return pass. This process continues until all  
tracks are written and the tape is full, or until all data is written.  
The IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 200 GB Data Cartridge includes a Linear  
Tape-Open Cartridge Memory (LTO-CM) chip (ꢀ1ꢁ in Figure 11 on page 47), that  
contains information about the cartridge and the tape (such as the name of the  
manufacturer that created the tape), as well as statistical information about the  
cartridge’s use. Whenever you unload a tape cartridge, the tape drive writes any  
pertinent information to the cartridge memory. The storage capacity of the LTO-CM  
is 4096 bytes.  
The cartridge door ꢀ2ꢁ protects the tape from contamination when the cartridge is  
out of the drive. Behind the door, the tape is attached to a leader pin ꢀ3ꢁ. When  
you insert the cartridge into the drive, a threading mechanism pulls the pin (and  
tape) out of the cartridge, across the drive head, and onto a non-removable takeup  
reel. The head can then read or write data from or to the tape.  
The write-protect switch ꢀ4ꢁ prevents data from being written to the tape cartridge.  
The label area ꢀ5ꢁ provides a location for you to place a label. Affix only a bar code  
label. When affixing a label, place it only in the recessed label area. A label that  
extends outside of the recessed area can cause loading problems in the drive. The  
insertion guide ꢀ6ꢁ is a large, notched area that prevents you from inserting the  
cartridge incorrectly.  
You can order tape cartridges with the bar code labels included, or you can order  
custom labels. To obtain tape cartridges and bar code labels, see “Ordering Media  
Supplies” on page 63.  
The IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 200 GB Data Cartridge has a nominal cartridge  
life of 5000 load and unload cycles. The Generation 2 cartridge is purple; the  
Generation 1 cartridge is black.  
48 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Cleaning Cartridges  
The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive is compatible with the IBM LTO Ultrium Cleaning  
Cartridge (part number 08L9124) and the IBM TotalStorage Cleaning Cartridge  
(Ultrium LTO 2) (part number 35L2086).  
The IBM TotalStorage Cleaning Cartridge functions with Ultrium-format tape drives  
that are produced by compliance-verified manufacturers. The cartridge lets you buy  
and use a single cleaning cartridge for all of your tape drives, rather than spend  
time and money to support several different cleaning cartridges.  
The IBM TotalStorage Cleaning Cartridge (Ultrium LTO 2) is downward-compatible  
with the Ultrium Internal Tape Drive (Generation 1). To enable your Generation 1  
drive to use the cartridge, simply download and install the latest drive firmware (for  
instructions, see “Updating the Firmware” on page 45).  
The drive itself determines when a head needs to be cleaned. It alerts you by  
displaying C on the single-character display and causing the status light to become  
flashing amber. To clean the head, insert the cleaning cartridge into the tape load  
compartment (see Figure 10 on page 34). The tape drive performs the cleaning  
automatically. When the cleaning is finished, the drive ejects the cartridge.  
To remove a cleaning cartridge, see “Unload Button” on page 33. The IBM  
TotalStorage Cleaning Cartridge (Ultrium LTO 2) and the IBM LTO Ultrium Cleaning  
Cartridge are valid for 50 uses (the cartridge’s LTO-CM chip tracks the number of  
times that the cartridge is used).  
Chapter 5. Using the Media 49  
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Setting the Write-Protect Switch  
The position of the write-protect switch on the tape cartridge (see ꢀ1ꢁ in Figure 12)  
determines whether you can write to the tape:  
v If the switch is set to  
(solid red), data cannot be written to the tape.  
v If the switch is set to unlocked (black void), data can be written to the tape.  
To set the switch, slide it left or right to the desired position.  
1
Figure 12. Setting the write-protect switch  
Handling the Cartridges  
Attention: Do not insert a damaged tape cartridge into your  
Ultrium 2 Tape Drive. A damaged cartridge can interfere with the  
reliability of the drive and may void the warranties of the drive and  
the cartridge. Before inserting a tape cartridge, inspect the  
cartridge case, cartridge door, and write-protect switch for breaks.  
If you need to recover data from a damaged cartridge, contact  
your OEM Product Application Engineer (PAE).  
Incorrect handling or an incorrect environment can damage the LTO Ultrium Tape  
Cartridge or its magnetic tape. To avoid damage to your tape cartridges and to  
ensure the continued high reliability of your IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive, use the following guidelines.  
50 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Provide Training  
v Post procedures that describe proper media handling in places where people  
gather.  
v Ensure that anyone who handles tape has been properly trained in handling and  
shipping procedures. This includes operators, users, programmers, archival  
services, and shipping personnel.  
v Ensure that any service or contract personnel who perform archiving are properly  
trained in media-handling procedures.  
v Include media-handling procedures as part of any services contract.  
v Define and make personnel aware of data recovery procedures.  
Ensure Proper Packaging  
v When you ship a cartridge, ship it in its original or better packaging.  
v Always ship or store a cartridge in a jewel case.  
v Use only a recommended shipping container that securely holds the cartridge in  
its jewel case during transportation. Ultrium Turtlecases (by Perm-A-Store) have  
been tested and found to be satisfactory (see Figure 13). They are available at  
www.turtlecase.com.  
Figure 13. Tape cartridges in a Turtlecase  
v Never ship a cartridge in a commercial shipping envelope. Always place it in a  
box or package.  
v If you ship the cartridge in a cardboard box or a box of a sturdy material, ensure  
the following:  
– Place the cartridge in polyethylene plastic wrap or bags to protect it from dust,  
moisture, and other contaminants.  
– Pack the cartridge snugly; do not allow it to move around.  
– Double-box the cartridge (place it inside a box, then place that box inside the  
shipping box) and add padding between the two boxes (see Figure 14 on  
page 52).  
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Figure 14. Double-boxing tape cartridges for shipping  
Provide Proper Acclimation and Environmental Conditions  
v Before you use a cartridge, let it acclimate to the normal operating environment  
for 1 hour. If you see condensation on the cartridge, wait an additional hour.  
v Ensure that all surfaces of a cartridge are dry before inserting it.  
v Do not expose the cartridge to moisture or direct sunlight.  
v Do not expose recorded or blank cartridges to stray magnetic fields of greater  
than 100 oersteds (for example, terminals, motors, video equipment, X-ray  
equipment, or fields that exist near high-current cables or power supplies). Such  
exposure can cause the loss of recorded data or make the blank cartridge  
unusable.  
v Maintain the conditions that are described in “Environmental and Shipping  
Specifications for Tape Cartridges” on page 62.  
Perform a Thorough Inspection  
After purchasing a cartridge and before using it, perform the following steps:  
v Inspect the cartridge’s packaging to determine potential rough handling.  
v When inspecting a cartridge, open only the cartridge door. Do not open any other  
part of the cartridge case. The upper and lower parts of the case are held  
together with screws; separating them destroys the usefulness of the cartridge.  
v Inspect the cartridge for damage before using or storing it.  
v Inspect the rear of the cartridge (the part that you load first into the tape load  
compartment) and ensure that there are no gaps in the seam of the cartridge  
case (see ꢀ4ꢁ in Figure 17 on page 56). If there are gaps in the seam (see  
Figure 15 on page 53), the leader pin may be dislodged. Go to “Repositioning or  
Reattaching a Leader Pin” on page 55.  
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Figure 15. Checking for gaps in the seams of a cartridge  
v Check that the leader pin is properly seated.  
v If you suspect that the cartridge has been mishandled but it appears useable,  
copy any data onto a good cartridge immediately for possible data recovery.  
Discard the mishandled cartridge.  
v If you must recover data from a damaged cartridge, contact your service  
representative.  
v Review handling and shipping procedures.  
Handle the Cartridge Carefully  
v Do not drop the cartridge. If the cartridge drops, slide the cartridge door back and  
ensure that the leader pin is properly seated in the pin-retaining spring clips (see  
ꢀ2ꢁ in Figure 16 on page 55). If the leader pin has become dislodged, go to  
“Repositioning or Reattaching a Leader Pin” on page 55.  
v Do not handle tape that is outside the cartridge. Handling the tape can damage  
the tape’s surface or edges, which may interfere with read or write reliability.  
Pulling on tape that is outside the cartridge can damage the tape and the brake  
mechanism in the cartridge.  
v Do not stack more than six cartridges.  
v Do not degauss a cartridge that you intend to reuse. Degaussing makes the tape  
unusable.  
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Examples of Cartridge Problems  
Example: Improper Placement of Leader Pin  
The leader pin is misaligned. Perform the following steps:  
1. Look for cartridge damage.  
2. Use the IBM Leader Pin Reattachment Kit (part number 08L9129) to correctly  
seat the pin (see “Repositioning a Leader Pin” on page 55). Then, immediately  
use data recovery procedures to minimize chances of data loss.  
Example: Split Cartridge Case  
The cartridge’s case is damaged. There is a high possibility of media damage and  
potential loss. Perform the following steps:  
1. Look for cartridge mishandling.  
2. Use the IBM Leader Pin Reattachment Kit (part number 08L9129) to correctly  
seat the pin (see “Repositioning a Leader Pin” on page 55). Then, immediately  
use data recovery procedures to minimize chances of data loss.  
3. Review media-handling procedures.  
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Repositioning or Reattaching a Leader Pin  
Attention: Use a repaired tape cartridge only to recover data  
and move it to another cartridge. Continued use of a repaired  
cartridge may void the warranties of the drive and the cartridge.  
If the leader pin in your cartridge becomes dislodged from its pin-retaining spring  
clips or detaches from the tape, you must use the IBM Leader Pin Reattachment Kit  
(part number 08L9129) to reposition or reattach it. (Do not reattach the pin if you  
must remove more than 7 meters (23 feet) of leader tape.) The sections that follow  
describe each procedure.  
Repositioning a Leader Pin  
A leader pin that is improperly seated inside a cartridge can interfere with the  
operation of the drive. Figure 16 shows a leader pin in the incorrect ꢀ1ꢁ and correct  
ꢀ2ꢁ positions.  
To place the leader pin in its proper position, you will need the following tools:  
v Plastic or blunt-end tweezers  
v Cartridge manual rewind tool (from Leader Pin Reattachment Kit, part number  
08L9129)  
Figure 16. Leader pin in the incorrect and correct positions. The cartridge door is open and  
the leader pin is visible inside the cartridge.  
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To reposition the leader pin, perform the following steps.  
1. Slide open the cartridge door (ꢀ1ꢁ in Figure 17) and locate the leader pin ꢀ2ꢁ  
(you may need to shake the cartridge gently to roll the pin toward the door).  
2. With plastic or blunt-end tweezers, grasp the leader pin and position it in the  
pin-retaining spring clips ꢀ3ꢁ.  
3. Press the leader pin gently into the clips until it snaps into place and is firmly  
seated. Ensure that there are no gaps in the seam of the cartridge ꢀ4ꢁ.  
Attention: If gaps exist, do not continue with this procedure and do not use  
the cartridge. Instead, contact your OEM Product Application Engineer (PAE).  
4. Close the cartridge door.  
Figure 17. Placing the dislodged leader pin into the correct position. The cartridge door is  
open to show the leader pin.  
5. To rewind the tape, insert the cartridge manual rewind tool (ꢀ1ꢁ in Figure 18)  
into the cartridge’s hub ꢀ2ꢁ and turn it clockwise until the tape becomes taut.  
Figure 18. Rewinding the tape into the cartridge  
6. Remove the rewind tool by pulling it away from the cartridge.  
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Reattaching a Leader Pin  
The first meter of tape in a cartridge is leader tape. Once the leader tape has been  
removed there is a possibility of tape breakage. After reattaching the leader pin,  
transfer data from the defective tape cartridge. Do not reuse the defective tape  
cartridge.  
The Leader Pin Reattachment Kit contains three parts:  
v Leader pin attach tool (see ꢀ1ꢁ in Figure 19). A plastic brace that holds the  
cartridge door open.  
v Cartridge manual rewind tool (see ꢀ2ꢁ in Figure 19). A device that fits into the  
cartridge’s hub and lets you wind the tape into and out of the cartridge.  
v Pin supplies (see ꢀ3ꢁ in Figure 19). Leader pins and C-clips.  
Attention:  
v Use only the IBM Leader Pin Reattachment Kit to reattach the leader pin to the  
tape. Other methods of reattaching the pin will damage the tape, the drive, or  
both.  
v Use this procedure on your tape cartridge only when the leader pin detaches  
from the magnetic tape and you must copy the cartridge’s data onto another  
cartridge. Destroy the damaged cartridge after you copy the data. This procedure  
may affect the performance of the leader pin during threading and unloading  
operations.  
v Touch only the end of the tape. Touching the tape in an area other than the end  
can damage the tape’s surface or edges, which may interfere with read or write  
reliability.  
1
2
3
Figure 19. Leader Pin Reattachment Kit  
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The following procedure describes how to reattach a leader pin.  
To reattach a leader pin by using the IBM Leader Pin Reattachment Kit:  
1. Attach the leader pin attach tool (ꢀ1ꢁ in Figure 20) to the cartridge ꢀ2ꢁ so that  
the tool’s hook ꢀ3ꢁ latches into the cartridge’s door ꢀ4ꢁ. Pull the tool back to  
hold the door open, then slide the tool onto the cartridge. Open the tool’s pivot  
arm ꢀ5ꢁ.  
Figure 20. Attaching the leader pin attach tool to the cartridge. To hold the cartridge door  
open, hook the tool into the door and pull the tool back.  
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2. To find the end of the tape inside the cartridge, attach the cartridge manual  
rewind tool (ꢀ1ꢁ in Figure 21) to the cartridge’s hub ꢀ2ꢁ by fitting the tool’s  
teeth between the teeth of the hub. Turn the tool clockwise until you see the  
end of the tape inside the cartridge. Then, slowly turn the rewind tool  
counterclockwise to bring the tape edge toward the cartridge door ꢀ3ꢁ.  
3. Continue to turn the rewind tool counterclockwise until approximately 12.7 cm  
(5 in.) of tape hangs from the cartridge door. If necessary, grasp the tape and  
pull gently to unwind it from the cartridge.  
4. Remove the rewind tool by pulling it away from the cartridge. Set the tool and  
the cartridge aside.  
Figure 21. Winding the tape out of the cartridge. Turn the cartridge manual rewind tool  
clockwise to see the end of the tape, then turn it counterclockwise to bring the tape to the  
cartridge door.  
5. On the leader pin (ꢀ1ꢁ in Figure 22), locate the open side of the C-clip ꢀ2ꢁ.  
The C-clip is a small black part that secures the tape ꢀ3ꢁ to the pin.  
6. Remove the C-clip from the leader pin by using your fingers to push the clip  
away from the pin. Set the pin aside and discard the clip.  
3
1
2
Figure 22. Removing the C-clip from the leader pin. Use your fingers to push the C-clip from  
the leader pin.  
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7. Position the tape in the alignment groove of the leader pin attach tool (see ꢀ1ꢁ  
in Figure 23).  
8. Place a new C-clip into the retention groove ꢀ2ꢁ (Figure 23) on the leader pin  
attachment tool and make sure that the clip’s open side faces up.  
9. Place the leader pin (from step 6 on page 59) into the cavity ꢀ3ꢁ (Figure 23) of  
the leader pin attach tool.  
Attention: To prevent the leader pin from rolling into the cartridge, in the following  
step use care when folding the tape over the pin.  
10. Fold the tape over the leader pin and hold it with your fingers (see Figure 23).  
Note: Use care to ensure that the tape is centered over the leader pin. Failure  
to properly center the tape on the pin will cause the repaired cartridge  
to fail. When the tape is properly centered, a 0.25-mm (0.01-in.) gap  
exists on both sides of the pin.  
2
1
4
3
6
5
Figure 23. Attaching the leader pin to the tape  
11. Close the pivot arm ꢀ4ꢁ of the leader pin attach tool by swinging it over the  
leader pin so that the C-clip snaps onto the pin and the tape.  
12. Swing the pivot arm open and trim the excess tape ꢀ5ꢁ so that it is flush with  
the reattached leader pin ꢀ6ꢁ.  
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13. Use your fingers to remove the leader pin from the cavity ꢀ3ꢁ in the leader pin  
attach tool.  
14. Use the cartridge manual rewind tool to wind the tape back into the cartridge  
(wind the tape clockwise). Ensure that the leader pin is latched by the  
pin-retaining spring clips on each end of the leader pin.  
15. Remove the rewind tool.  
16. Remove the leader pin attach tool by lifting its end up and away from the  
cartridge.  
Attention: Use a repaired tape cartridge only to recover data  
and move it to another cartridge. Continued use of a repaired  
cartridge may void the warranties of the drive and the cartridge.  
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Environmental and Shipping Specifications for Tape Cartridges  
Before you use a tape cartridge, acclimate it to the operating environment for 24  
hours or the time necessary to prevent condensation in the drive (the time will vary,  
depending on the environmental extremes to which the drive was exposed).  
The best storage container for the cartridges (until they are opened) is the original  
shipping container. The plastic wrapping prevents dirt from accumulating on the  
cartridges and partially protects them from humidity changes.  
When you ship a cartridge, place it in its jewel case or in a sealed, moisture-proof  
bag to protect it from moisture, contaminants, and physical damage. Ship the  
cartridge in a shipping container that has enough packing material to cushion the  
cartridge and prevent it from moving within the container.  
Table 10 gives the environment for operating, storing, and shipping LTO Ultrium  
Tape Cartridges.  
Table 10. Environment for operating, storing, and shipping the LTO Ultrium Tape Cartridge  
Environmental Specifications  
Environmental  
Factor  
Operational  
Storage1  
Operating  
Archival Storage2  
Shipping  
10 to 45°C  
16 to 32°C  
16 to 25°C  
−23 to 49°C  
Temperature  
(50 to 113°F)  
(61 to 90°F)  
(61 to 77°F)  
(−9 to 120°F)  
Relative humidity  
(noncondensing)  
10 to 80%  
20 to 80%  
20 to 50%  
5 to 80%  
26°C  
26°C  
26°C  
26°C  
Wet bulb temperature  
(79°F)  
(79°F)  
(79°F)  
(79°F)  
Notes:  
1. Operational storage equals less than 1 year.  
2. Archival storage equals 1 to 10 years.  
62 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Disposing of Tape Cartridges  
Under the current rules of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),  
regulation 40CFR261, the LTO Ultrium Tape Cartridge is classified as  
non-hazardous waste. As such, it may be disposed of in the same way as normal  
office trash. These regulations are amended from time to time, and you should  
review them at the time of disposal.  
If your local, state, country (non-U.S.A.), or regional regulations are more restrictive  
than EPA 40CFR261, you must review them before you dispose of a cartridge.  
Contact your account representative for information about the materials that are in  
the cartridge.  
If a tape cartridge must be disposed of in a secure manner, you can erase the data  
on the cartridge by using a high-energy AC degausser (use a minimum of 1200  
oersted peak field over the entire space that the cartridge occupies). Degaussing  
makes the cartridge unusable.  
If you burn the cartridge and tape, ensure that the incineration complies with all  
applicable regulations.  
Ordering Media Supplies  
Table 11 lists the cartridges and media supplies that you can order for the IBM  
TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive. To order media supplies, visit the web at  
http://www.ibm.com/storage/lto.  
Table 11. Media supplies for the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
IBM Part Number Product Description  
IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 200 GB Data Cartridge (includes only  
human-writable labels)  
08L9870  
IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 200 GB Data Cartridge Bar Code  
Labels, sheet of 20, black and white  
19P5897  
IBM LTO Ultrium Cleaning Cartridge (includes only human-writable  
08L9124  
labels)  
35L2086  
08L9267  
IBM TotalStorage Cleaning Cartridge (Ultrium LTO 2)  
IBM LTO Ultrium Cleaning Cartridge Bar Code Labels, sheet of 20,  
black and white  
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Ordering Custom Bar Code Labels  
If custom bar code labels are required for your data or cleaning cartridges, order  
them directly from the authorized label suppliers in Table 12.  
Table 12. Authorized suppliers of custom bar code labels  
In America  
In Europe and Asia  
EDP/Colorflex  
697 South Pierce Street  
Louisville, CO 80027  
EDP Europe, Ltd.  
43 Redhills Road  
South Woodham Ferrers  
U. S. A.  
Chelmsford, Essex CM3 5UL  
U. K.  
Telephone: 44 (0) 1245-322380  
http://www.edpeurope.com/media_labelling.htm  
Telephone: 800-522-3528  
http://www.colorflex.com/Ai/Home.asp  
Dataware (LTO 2 only)  
7570 Renwick  
Dataware Labels Europe  
Heubergstrasse 9  
Houston, TX 77081  
U. S. A.  
D-83052 Bruckmuhl-Gotting  
Germany  
Telephone: 800-426-4844  
http://www.datawarelabels.com/  
Telephone: 49 806-29455  
http://www.datawarelabels.com/  
NetC  
NetC Europe Ltd  
P. O. Box 320784  
Fairfield, CT 06432  
U. S. A.  
Town Farm Bungalow  
North Curry  
Taunton  
Telephone: 203-372-6382  
http://www.netcllc.com/  
Somerset U. K. TA3 6LX  
Telephone: 44 (0) 1823 491439  
http://www.netclabels.co.uk  
NetC Asia Pacific Pty Ltd  
Locked Bag 14  
Kenthurst  
NSW Australia 2156  
Telephone: 61 (0) 2 9654 8272  
http://www.netclabels.com.au  
64 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Chapter 6. Resolving Problems  
If you encounter problems when running the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive, refer to Table 13. If the problem is not identified in Table 13, refer to “Methods  
of Receiving Errors and Messages” on page 66. The color and condition of the  
status light may also indicate a problem. For more information, see “Status Light” on  
page 32.  
Table 13. Troubleshooting tips for the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
If the problem is this....  
Do this....  
A code displays on the  
The tape drive detected an error or is directing you to an informational  
single-character display and the status message. See Table 15 on page 67.  
light flashes amber.  
The status light or single-character  
display never turns on.  
The tape drive has no power. Check the power at the power source. Connect  
power to the tape drive (see “Step 6. Connect and Test Power to the Tape  
Drive” on page 27). If the problem persists, replace the tape drive.  
The tape drive will not load a tape  
cartridge.  
One of the following has occurred:  
v
A tape cartridge is already inserted. To remove the cartridge, press the  
unload button. If the cartridge does not eject, turn off the power to the  
tape drive, then turn it back on. After the status light becomes solid green,  
press the unload button to eject the cartridge.  
v
v
The tape cartridge was inserted incorrectly. To properly insert a cartridge,  
see “Inserting a Tape Cartridge” on page 34.  
The tape cartridge may be defective. Insert another tape cartridge. If the  
problem exists for multiple cartridges, the tape drive is defective. Replace  
the tape drive (see “Removing a SCSI Tape Drive from an Enclosure” on  
page 83 or “Removing a Fibre Channel Tape Drive from an Enclosure” on  
page 84).  
v
The tape drive has no power. Connect power to the tape drive (see “Step  
6. Connect and Test Power to the Tape Drive” on page 27).  
The tape drive will not unload the tape The tape cartridge is stuck or is broken. Press the unload button. If the  
cartridge.  
cartridge does not eject, turn off the power to the tape drive, then turn it back  
on (note that the mid-tape recovery could take up to 5 minutes to complete).  
If the cartridge still does not eject, manually remove it (see “Manually  
Removing a Tape Cartridge” on page 85).  
The server received TapeAlert flags.  
See Appendix B, “TapeAlert Flags” on page 97.  
See “Fixing SCSI Bus Errors” on page 77.  
The server reported SCSI problems  
(such as selection or command  
time-outs, or parity errors).  
The server reported Fibre Channel  
problems.  
See “Fixing Fibre Channel Errors” on page 79.  
The Fibre Channel drive indicates no See “Fixing Fibre Channel Errors” on page 79.  
Fibre Channel light, or has light but  
cannot communicate.  
The library reported an LDI or RS-422 The LDI or RS-422 circuitry may be defective. Run the LDI or RS-422 wrap  
communication problem with the drive. test (Function Code 7 in Table 9 on page 36). If the test runs successfully but  
the problem persists, refer to your library’s service documentation.  
Codes display on the single-character The tape drive is defective. Replace the tape drive (see “Removing a SCSI  
display, but the status light does not  
turn on.  
Tape Drive from an Enclosure” on page 83 or “Removing a Fibre Channel  
Tape Drive from an Enclosure” on page 84).  
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2002  
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Table 13. Troubleshooting tips for the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive (continued)  
If the problem is this....  
Do this....  
The tape drive does not respond to  
server commands.  
Press and hold the unload button on the drive for 10 seconds to force a drive  
dump. The drive will save the dump and then reboot to allow communication  
to the drive to occur. Do not cycle power, as this will erase the contents of  
the dump.  
Methods of Receiving Errors and Messages  
Use Table 14 as a guide for identifying error codes and message codes reported by  
the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive, its enclosure (if applicable), or the server.  
Note: The codes on the single-character display have different meanings,  
depending on whether they display during normal operations or while the  
drive is in maintenance mode. Codes that occur during normal operations  
are defined in Table 15 on page 67. Codes that occur while in maintenance  
mode are defined in Table 9 on page 36.  
Table 14. Methods of receiving errors and messages for the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
If the error or message was  
presented by....  
Do this....  
The enclosure’s display (if the tape  
drive is enclosed in a library or  
autoloader)  
Refer to the documentation for the enclosure.  
The tape drive’s single-character  
display and the status light flashes  
amber  
See Table 15 on page 67. To determine the meaning of status light activity,  
see “Status Light” on page 32.  
The tape drive’s single-character  
display and the status light is solid  
amber  
See Table 9 on page 36. To determine the meaning of status light activity,  
see “Status Light” on page 32.  
SCSI log sense data (such as  
TapeAlert flags), SCSI drive sense  
data, or Fibre Channel autosense data  
at the server console  
See Appendix B, “TapeAlert Flags” on page 97, Table 15 on page 67, or  
“Using Sense Data” on page 71.  
Drive sense data sent to a library (if  
the tape drive is enclosed in a library)  
Refer to your library’s documentation, then see Table 15 on page 67.  
See Table 15 on page 67 and “Viewing the Drive Error Log” on page 76.  
The tape drive’s error log  
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Descriptions and Corrective Actions for Errors and Messages  
Table 15 gives descriptions of the errors and messages that pertain to the Ultrium 2  
Tape Drive, and tells what to do when you receive them.  
Attention: If the tape drive detects a permanent error and displays an error code  
other than 0, it automatically performs a drive dump. If you force a drive dump, the  
existing dump will be overwritten and data will be lost. After you force a drive dump,  
do not turn off the power to the tape drive or you may lose the dump data.  
Table 15. Codes for error conditions and informational messages for the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive. The single-character display clears if you power-off the drive.  
Code  
Cause and Action  
0
No error occurred and no action is required. This code displays:  
v
v
When power is cycled (turned off, then on) to the tape drive.  
When diagnostics have finished running and no error occurred.  
Note: The single-character display is blank during normal operation of the tape drive.  
1
Cooling problem. The tape drive detected that the recommended operating temperature was  
exceeded. Perform the following action:  
1. If a fan is present in the enclosure, ensure that it is rotating and is quiet. If not, replace the fan  
(for instructions about replacing the fan, see your enclosure’s documentation).  
2. Remove any blockage that prevents air from flowing freely through the tape drive.  
3. Ensure that the operating temperature and airflow is within the specified range (see Chapter 2,  
“Specifications” on page 11).  
4. If the operating temperature is within the specified range and the problem persists, replace the  
tape drive.  
The error code clears when you power-off the tape drive or place it in maintenance mode.  
2
Power problem. The tape drive detected that the externally supplied power is either approaching  
the specified voltage limits (the drive is still operating) or is outside the specified voltage limits (the  
drive is not operating). Perform the following action:  
1. Ensure that the power connector is properly seated.  
2. Ensure that the proper dc voltages are being applied within the tolerances allowed (see  
Chapter 2, “Specifications” on page 11).  
3. If the proper voltages are being applied but the problem persists, replace the tape drive.  
The error code clears when you power-off the tape drive or place it in maintenance mode.  
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Table 15. Codes for error conditions and informational messages for the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive (continued). The single-character display clears if you power-off the drive.  
Code  
Cause and Action  
3
Firmware problem. The tape drive determined that a firmware error occurred. Perform the following  
action:  
1. Collect a drive dump from one of the following:  
Note: Do not force a new dump; the tape drive has already created one.  
v
Server’s SCSI or Fibre Channel interface by using a device driver utility or system tool. To  
obtain a dump, determine whether your server is installed with a utility that can read files  
from the server’s memory. If it is, use that utility to obtain the dump. For information about  
using IBM’s utility programs to obtain drive dumps, see the IBM Ultrium Device Drivers  
Installation and User’s Guide. To determine where to send a file that contains a drive dump  
to be analyzed, contact your OEM Product Application Engineer (PAE).  
v
v
Enclosure (refer to the procedures for reading a drive dump in your enclosure’s  
documentation)  
Ultrium 2 Tape Drive (to read a drive dump, use Function Code 5 in Table 9 on page 36)  
2. Power the tape drive off and on, then retry the operation that produced the error.  
3. If the problem persists, download new firmware and retry the operation.  
4. If the problem persists, send the drive dump that you collected in step 1 to your OEM Product  
Application Engineer (PAE).  
The error code clears when you power-off the tape drive or place it in maintenance mode.  
4
Firmware or tape drive problem. The tape drive determined that a firmware or tape drive hardware  
failure occurred. Perform the following action:  
1. Collect a drive dump from one of the following:  
Note: Do not force a new dump; one already exists.  
v
Server’s SCSI or Fibre Channel interface by using a device driver utility or system tool. To  
obtain a dump, determine whether your server is installed with a utility that can read files  
from the server’s memory. If it is, use that utility to obtain the dump. For information about  
using IBM’s utility programs to obtain drive dumps, see the IBM Ultrium Device Drivers  
Installation and User’s Guide. To determine where to send a file that contains a drive dump  
to be analyzed, contact your OEM Product Application Engineer (PAE).  
v
v
Enclosure (refer to the procedures for reading a drive dump in your enclosure’s  
documentation)  
Ultrium 2 Tape Drive (to read a drive dump, use Function Code 5 in Table 9 on page 36)  
2. Power the tape drive off and on, then retry the operation that produced the error. The error  
code clears when you power-off the tape drive or place it in maintenance mode.  
3. If the problem persists, download new firmware and retry the operation; if new firmware is not  
available, replace the tape drive.  
5
Tape drive hardware problem. The drive determined that a tape path or read/write error occurred.  
To prevent damage to the drive or tape, the drive will not allow you to insert a cartridge if the  
current cartridge was successfully ejected. The error code may clear when you cycle power to the  
tape drive or place it in maintenance mode. If the problem persists, replace the tape drive.  
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Table 15. Codes for error conditions and informational messages for the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive (continued). The single-character display clears if you power-off the drive.  
Code  
Cause and Action  
6
Tape drive or media error. The drive determined that an error occurred, but it cannot isolate the  
error to faulty hardware or to the tape cartridge. Perform the following action:  
For Problems with Writing Data:  
If the problem occurred while the drive was writing data to the tape, and if you know the volume  
serial number (located on the cartridge label) of the tape cartridge loaded in the drive when the  
problem occurred, retry the operation with a different cartridge:  
v
If the operation succeeds, the original cartridge was defective. Copy data from the defective  
cartridge and discard it.  
v
If the operation fails and another drive is available, insert the cartridge into the other drive and  
retry the operation.  
–
–
If the operation fails, discard the defective cartridge.  
If the operation succeeds, insert a scratch cartridge into the first drive and run the tape drive  
diagnostics (see Function Code 1 in Table 9 on page 36).  
-
-
If the diagnostics fail, replace the drive.  
If the diagnostics succeed, the error was temporary.  
v
If the operation fails and another drive is not available, insert a scratch cartridge into the drive  
and run the tape drive diagnostics (see Function Code 1 in Table 9 on page 36).  
–
–
If the diagnostics fail, replace the drive.  
If the diagnostics succeed, discard the cartridge.  
If the problem occurs with multiple tape cartridges or if you do not know the tape cartridge’s  
volume serial number, run the tape drive diagnostics (see Function Code 1 in Table 9 on page 36):  
v
If the diagnostics fail, replace the tape drive.  
If the diagnostics succeed, run the Test Head diagnostic (see Function Code H in Table 9 on  
page 36).  
v
–
–
If the Test Head diagnostic fails, replace the tape drive.  
If the Test Head diagnostic succeeds, replace the cartridges that caused the problem.  
The error code clears when you remove the tape cartridge or place the drive in maintenance mode.  
For Problems with Reading Data:  
If the problem occurred while the drive was reading data from the tape, and if you know the volume  
serial number of the tape cartridge, perform one of the following procedures:  
v
v
If another drive is available, insert the cartridge into the other drive and retry the operation:  
–
–
If the operation fails, discard the defective cartridge.  
If the operation succeeds, insert a scratch cartridge into the first drive and run the tape drive  
diagnostics (see Function Code 1 in Table 9 on page 36):  
-
-
If the diagnostics fail, replace the drive.  
If the diagnostics succeed, the error was temporary.  
If another drive is not available, insert a scratch cartridge into the drive and run the tape drive  
diagnostics (see Function Code 1 in Table 9 on page 36):  
–
–
If the diagnostics fail, replace the drive.  
If the diagnostics succeed, discard the cartridge.  
If the problem occurs with multiple tape cartridges or if you do not know the tape cartridge’s  
volume serial number, run the tape drive diagnostics (see Function Code 1 in Table 9 on page 36):  
v
If the diagnostics fail, replace the tape drive.  
If the diagnostics succeed, run the Test Head diagnostic (see Function Code H in Table 9 on  
page 36).  
v
–
–
If the Test Head diagnostic fails, replace the tape drive.  
If the Test Head diagnostic succeeds, replace the cartridges that caused the problem.  
The error code clears when you remove the tape cartridge or place the drive in maintenance mode.  
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Table 15. Codes for error conditions and informational messages for the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive (continued). The single-character display clears if you power-off the drive.  
Code  
Cause and Action  
7
A high probability of media error. The tape drive determined that an error occurred because of a  
faulty tape cartridge. Try another tape cartridge. If the problem occurs with multiple tape cartridges,  
see “Resolving Media-Related Problems” on page 82.  
The error code clears when you remove the tape cartridge or place the drive in maintenance mode.  
8
For SCSI drive:  
Tape drive or SCSI bus failure. The tape drive determined that a failure occurred in the tape drive’s  
hardware or in the SCSI bus. See “Fixing SCSI Bus Errors” on page 77. The error code clears 10  
seconds after the drive detected the error or when you place the drive in maintenance mode.  
For Fibre Channel drive:  
Tape drive or Fibre Channel failure. The tape drive determined that a failure occurred in the tape  
drive’s hardware or in the Fibre Channel. It detects light through the fiber cable but cannot perform  
data communication properly. The length of the cable between the devices may exceed 500 m  
(1640 ft). See “Fixing Fibre Channel Errors” on page 79. The error code clears when the drive  
detects light and can communicate, or when you place the drive in maintenance mode.  
9
Tape drive or LDI (RS-422) error. The tape drive determined that a failure occurred in the tape  
drive hardware or in the LDI (RS-422) connection. Run the LDI or RS-422 wrap test (see Function  
Code 7 in Table 9 on page 36):  
v
v
If the diagnostic fails, replace the tape drive.  
If the diagnostic runs successfully, the problem is with the enclosure or the cable to the  
enclosure. Refer to your enclosure’s documentation.  
The error code clears when you place the drive in maintenance mode.  
o, c, b, or h  
No error or message assigned. There may be a problem with the single-character display. Turn the  
power off, then on and determine whether all segments on the single-character display are lit. If so,  
you may have a down-level version of both your enclosure’s firmware and documentation (the  
documentation may not describe all of the available error codes). Refer to the latest version of the  
firmware or documentation.  
A
Tape drive hardware problem. The tape drive determined that a problem occurred which degraded  
the operation of the tape drive, but it did not restrict continued use. If the problem persists, replace  
the tape drive. The drive is usable, though the single-character display continues to indicate an  
error and the status light flashes amber.  
The error code may clear when you cycle power to the tape drive or place it in maintenance mode.  
No error or message is assigned. See error code 8 in this table.  
B
C
The tape drive needs to be cleaned. Clean the tape drive. See “Cleaning the Drive Head” on  
page 35.  
The error code clears when you clean the tape drive or place it in maintenance mode.  
d
Fibre Channel AL_PA conflict. More than one device has the same address. Each device must  
have its own unique AL_PA address. See “Setting the Arbitrated Loop Physical Address (Fibre  
Channel Drive Only)” on page 19.  
D
E
No error or message assigned. See error code 0 in this table.  
Informational message. The tape drive’s Fibre Channel port has been placed offline by another  
device or by an operator. This code is set when the Offline command is received from another  
device on the Fibre Channel interface. Determine why the device at the other end of the Fibre  
Channel (the server, switch, or other device) placed the drive offline.  
The drive is placed online when it receives the Online command from the Fibre Channel interface.  
After a reset, the drive comes online.  
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Table 15. Codes for error conditions and informational messages for the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive (continued). The single-character display clears if you power-off the drive.  
Code  
Cause and Action  
F
The tape drive determined that no light is being received over the Fibre Channel. See “Fixing Fibre  
Channel Errors” on page 79.  
The error code clears when the drive detects light or when you place the drive in maintenance  
mode.  
Using Sense Data  
When a tape drive encounters an error, it makes sense data available. You can use  
IBM device drivers to examine the sense data and determine errors. Instructions for  
downloading, installing, and properly configuring the IBM device drivers are  
available in the IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Installation and User’s Guide. The IBM  
device drivers may conflict with some commercial software applications unless  
properly configured. To avoid conflicts on Windows operating systems, refer to your  
device driver’s procedures for setting the driver to manual startup mode. For  
applications that use Open Systems device drivers that are provided by IBM (for  
example, AIX, Linux, Sun Solaris, HP-UX, Windows/NT, and Windows 2000), the  
IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Installation and User’s Guide contains information about  
how to obtain sense data after an error has occurred.  
If your application uses other device drivers, see the appropriate documentation for  
those drivers to obtain the sense data.  
Raw sense data (as returned from the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive) is documented in the  
IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium Tape Drive SCSI Reference.  
In addition to device drivers, other methods exist for obtaining sense data and error  
information. The sections that follow describe alternatives for gathering such  
information from the IBM AS/400, Eserver iSeries, RS/6000, and Eserver  
pSeries servers.  
Obtaining Error Information from the AS/400 or iSeries with RISC  
Processor  
For OS/400, sense data is provided by the System Service Tools application. To  
obtain error information from the AS/400 or iSeries by using the tool:  
1. On the command entry line of the AS/400 Main Menu, type STRSST (Start  
System Service Tools) and press Enter.  
2. Select Start a service tool.  
3. Select Product activity log.  
4. Select Analyze log.  
5. On the Select System Data menu, select the Magnetic media option then  
specify the time period for searching the error log.  
6. On the Select Analysis Report Options menu, specify a Device selection of 3580  
and press Enter. Leave all other options at their default values.  
7. On the Log Analysis Report menu, select the Display report option to display the  
desired error log. Figure 24 on page 72 shows a sample error log.  
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Display Detail Report for Resource  
Serial  
Resource  
Name  
TAP07  
Name  
TAP07  
Type  
3580  
Model  
002  
Number  
00-00000  
Log ID . . . . . . . . . :  
Date . . . . . . . . . . :  
Reference code . . . . . :  
Table ID . . . . . . . . :  
00452B54  
08/14/02  
9210  
Sequence . . . . . . :  
Time . . . . . . . . :  
Secondary code . . . :  
IPL source/state . . :  
4732468  
09:50:21  
00000000  
B/3  
63A00001  
Class . . . . . . . . . . :  
System Ref Code . . . . . :  
Permanent  
63A09210  
Illegal or unsupported tape unit response  
Press Enter to continue.  
F3=Exit  
F4=Additional Information  
F6=Hexadecimal report  
F9=Address Information F10=Previous detail report F12=Cancel  
Figure 24. Example of an error log from the AS/400 or IBM Eserver iSeries  
8. Press F4 to view the sense data (see the example in Figure 25).  
Display Additional Information for Resource  
Serial  
Number  
Resource  
Name  
Name  
TAP07  
Type  
3580  
Model  
002  
00-00000  
TAP07  
SENSE DATA FOLLOWS. . . . . :  
DATA OFFSET  
00000000  
00000010  
00000020  
0 1 2 3  
70000500  
00020000  
058B0000  
4 5 6 7  
0000001C  
00000000  
8 9 A B  
00000000 240000C0  
00000000 00000000  
C D E F  
Figure 25. Example of sense data from the AS/400 or IBM Eserver iSeries  
Obtaining Error Information from the RS/6000 or pSeries  
The AIX® Tape and Media Changer Device Driver for the IBM RS/6000 or IBM  
Eserver pSeries provides logging to the system error log for a variety of errors.  
You can view the error log by issuing the AIX errpt command. Figure 26 on  
page 73 displays a sample drive error log; Figure 27 on page 74 displays a sample  
SCSI bus error log.  
To view the error log:  
1. At the AIX command line, type errpt -a |pg to display a detailed report.  
2. Press Enter to scroll through the error log.  
3. Type q to quit the error log at any time.  
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Example of a Drive Error Log:  
In the SENSE DATA area of Figure 26, entries in bold are defined as follows:  
Hexadecimal Code  
Description  
01  
SCSI Command  
Command parameters  
Byte 0 of SCSI sense data  
Sense key  
0000, 0200, 0000  
70  
03  
5200  
ASC/ASCQ (Additional Sense Code/Additional Sense Code  
Qualifier)  
20B0  
058A  
02  
FSC (Fault Symptom Code)  
Relative LPOS  
SCSI ID  
LABEL:  
IDENTIFIER:  
TAPE_ERR1  
4865FA9B  
Date/Time:  
Wed Oct 11 11:39:43  
Sequence Number: 25264  
Machine ID:  
Node ID:  
Class:  
000D090D4C00  
tsm  
H
Type:  
Resource Name:  
PERM  
rmt2  
Resource Class: tape  
Resource Type:  
Location:  
VPD:  
LTO  
40-60-00-2,0  
Manufacturer................IBM  
Machine Type and Model......ULT3580-TD2  
Serial Number...............1300015078  
Device Specific.(FW)........0B70 (Firmware Level)  
Description  
TAPE OPERATIONERROR  
Probable Causes  
TAPE  
User Causes  
MEDIA DEFECTIVE  
DIRTY READ/WRITE HEAD  
Recommended Actions  
FOR REMOVABLE MEDIA, CHANGE MEDIA AND RETRY  
PERFORM PROBLEM DETERMINATION PROCEDURES  
Detail Data  
SENSE DATA  
0602 0000 0100 0000 0200 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 7000 0300 0000 001C 0000 0000  
5200 0700 20B0 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 058A 0200 0000 0000 0000 0000  
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000  
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000  
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000  
Figure 26. Example of an AIX ERRPT Drive Error Log  
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Example of a SCSI Bus Error:  
LABEL:  
IDENTIFIER:  
SCSI_ERR10  
0BA49C99  
Date/Time:  
Wed Oct 18 09:55:32  
Sequence Number: 16140  
Machine Id:  
Node Id:  
Class:  
00003ABF4C00  
ofgtsm  
H
Type:  
Resource Name:  
TEMP  
scsi3  
Resource Class: adapter  
Resource Type:  
Location:  
VPD:  
sym896  
40-59  
Product Specific.( ).......DUAL CHANNEL PCI TO ULTRA2 SCSI  
ADAPTER  
Part Number.................03N3606  
EC Level....................F71335  
Manufacture ID..............A16592  
Serial Number...............0749  
Description  
SCSI BUS ERROR  
Probable Causes  
CABLE  
CABLE TERMINATOR  
DEVICE  
ADAPTER  
Failure Causes  
CABLE LOOSE OR DEFECTIVE  
DEVICE  
ADAPTER  
Recommended Actions  
PERFORM PROBLEM DETERMINATION PROCEDURES  
CHECK CABLE AND ITS CONNECTIONS  
Detail Data  
SENSE DATA  
0001 0017 0000 0000 0000 0091 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000  
0000 0000 0000 4304 0000 0000 0000 0000 2000 0003 0203 6760 9808 0000 F7FB E1B8  
0000 0015 000B 0210 0678 C800 0000 8200 8277 1B20 00A2 ED00 0000 0002 FFFF FFFF  
00FF 0000 111F F000 F3DF F110  
Figure 27. Example of an error that suggests a SCSI bus problem  
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Obtaining a Drive Dump  
You can obtain a drive dump by selecting a function code on the IBM TotalStorage  
LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive or by using a device driver utility (or a system tool) on the  
server. The sections that follow describe each method.  
Using the Drive to Obtain a Dump  
To obtain a drive dump directly from the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive:  
1. Make sure that no cartridge is in the drive.  
2. Within a 1.5-second interval, press the unload button three times. The status  
light becomes solid amber, which means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
3. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until 5 appears in the  
single-character display.  
4. To select the function, press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds. After you  
release the button, C flashes. Within 60 seconds, insert a scratch data cartridge  
that is not write-protected. After you insert the cartridge, 5 flashes and the drive  
writes the dump data to the scratch tape. When the function is complete, the  
drive rewinds and unloads the tape.  
5. Insert the tape into a drive.  
6. From the server, issue the SCSI READ command to read the dump from the  
tape to a file or electronic image (you may need to issue the command several  
times to read the complete dump).  
7. To determine where to send the file for analysis, contact your OEM Product  
Application Engineer (PAE).  
Using a Device Driver Utility to Obtain a Dump  
To obtain a drive dump by using a device driver utility, determine whether your  
server is installed with a utility that can read files from the server’s memory. If it is,  
use that utility to obtain the drive dump.  
For information about using IBM’s utility programs to obtain drive dumps, see the  
IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Installation and User’s Guide.  
To determine where to send a file that contains a drive dump to be analyzed,  
contact your OEM Product Application Engineer (PAE).  
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Viewing the Drive Error Log  
The Ultrium 2 Tape Drive keeps an error log that you can use to identify and correct  
errors. The log contains the 10 most recent error codes, which appear (one at a  
time) on the single-character display.  
To view the drive error log:  
1. Make sure that no cartridge is in the drive.  
2. Within a 1.5-second interval press the unload button three times. The status  
light becomes solid amber, which means that the drive is in maintenance mode.  
3. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until 9 appears in the  
single-character display.  
4. Press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds to view the most recent error  
code.  
5. Refer to Table 15 on page 67 to determine the meaning of the code and the  
action to take.  
6. Press the unload button to view the next error code. (The codes are ordered;  
the most recent is presented first and the oldest (tenth) is presented last.)  
7. Continue to press the unload button until the 10 error codes have been  
displayed. After you display the tenth error code, the drive automatically exits  
maintenance mode.  
To redisplay the error codes, repeat steps 1 through 7.  
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Resolving Problems Reported by the Server  
The procedure for fixing SCSI bus or Fibre Channel errors varies, depending on  
whether the error is consistent or intermittent, and whether your configuration  
contains single or multiple Ultrium 2 Tape Drives. The sections that follow describe  
how to fix each type of error.  
Fixing SCSI Bus Errors  
Note: If you are using a Storage Area Network (SAN) Data Gateway to convert a  
drive with a SCSI interface to a Fibre Channel interface, ensure that the  
problem is occurring between the SAN Data Gateway and the drive by  
running the SCSI wrap test on the drive and running the SCSI loopback test  
on the SAN Data Gateway. (To run the SCSI wrap test, see Function Code 6  
in Table 9 on page 36; to run the SCSI loopback test, refer to the section  
about that test in the IBM Storage Area Network Gateway Module Setup,  
Operator, and Service Guide.) If you are using a Fibre Channel drive and are  
having problems, see “Fixing Fibre Channel Errors” on page 79.  
Fixing a Consistent Error with a Single Drive on a SCSI Bus  
1. Ensure that the power is on to the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive.  
2. Ensure that the tape drive’s SCSI address is the same as the SCSI address  
assigned by the server.  
3. Run the SCSI wrap test (see Function Code 6 in Table 9 on page 36).  
v If the test runs successfully, replace the SCSI terminator first, then the SCSI  
cable and the interposer (if installed). Repeat the operation that caused the  
error. If you replaced the SCSI terminator or SCSI cable and the problem  
persists, the fault is with the server’s hardware or software. To isolate the  
cause of the failure, refer to the server’s service documentation.  
v If the test fails, replace the tape drive (see “Removing a SCSI Tape Drive  
from an Enclosure” on page 83).  
Fixing a Consistent Error with Multiple Drives on a SCSI Bus  
When a consistent error occurs in a configuration that has multiple tape drives on  
the SCSI bus, you must determine if the problem exists with more than one tape  
drive. If the problem is with all of the devices on the SCSI bus, the bus is stuck in a  
SCSI phase and cannot change to another phase or the SCSI cable from the server  
to the first device is defective.  
1. Ensure that the SCSI cable from the server to the first device is connected.  
2. Disconnect all but the first tape drive on the SCSI bus. Move the terminator to  
the first SCSI device.  
3. Run a device driver utility (such as IBM’s ntutil or tapeutil) to determine whether  
the error will occur.  
v If the error occurs, run the SCSI wrap test on the first tape drive (see  
Function Code 6 in Table 9 on page 36).  
– If the test runs successfully, replace the SCSI terminator first, then the  
SCSI cable and the interposer (if installed) to the first tape drive. Repeat  
the operation that caused the error. If you replaced the SCSI terminator or  
SCSI cable and the problem persists, the fault is with the server’s  
hardware or software. To isolate the cause of the failure, refer to the  
server’s service documentation.  
– If the test fails, replace the tape drive (see “Removing a SCSI Tape Drive  
from an Enclosure” on page 83).  
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v If the error does not occur, connect one tape drive at a time back to the bus  
and repeat step 3 for each tape drive until you can identify which drive is  
defective.  
Note: Ensure that the SCSI terminator is always on the last tape drive on the  
SCSI bus.  
4. Determine if the problem is with only one tape drive or with two or more tape  
drives.  
v If the problem is with only one tape drive, run the SCSI wrap test on that tape  
drive (see Function Code 6 in Table 9 on page 36).  
– If the test runs successfully, replace the SCSI terminator first, then the  
SCSI cable to that tape drive and interposer (if installed).  
– If the test fails, replace the tape drive (see “Removing a SCSI Tape Drive  
from an Enclosure” on page 83).  
v If the problem is with two or more tape drives, locate the first tape drive that  
has the error and replace the SCSI cable that connects the tape drive and  
the interposer (if installed).  
Fixing an Intermittent Error with a Single Drive on a SCSI Bus  
1. Replace the SCSI terminator on the tape drive.  
2. Run the operation that caused the error. If the problem persists, the problem  
may be with the cable.  
3. Isolate which cable is causing the problem by replacing one cable at a time and  
running the operation that caused the error after each replacement. If the  
problem persists after all cables have been replaced, the problem may be with  
the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive.  
4. Replace the tape drive (see “Removing a SCSI Tape Drive from an Enclosure”  
on page 83). If the problem persists, the problem is with your server. Consult  
your server’s documentation.  
Fixing an Intermittent Error with Multiples Drives on a SCSI Bus  
Refer to the server’s error logs to determine which tape drive is the source of the  
problem:  
v If only one tape drive is reporting a SCSI failure, replace that tape drive (see  
“Removing a SCSI Tape Drive from an Enclosure” on page 83).  
v If multiple tape drives are reporting SCSI failures, the problem may be with the  
terminator or the SCSI cables:  
– Replace the terminator and run the operation that caused the error. If the  
problem persists, the problem may be with the cables.  
– Isolate which cable is causing the problem by replacing one cable at a time  
and run the operation that caused the error after each replacement.  
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Fixing Fibre Channel Errors  
If you are connected to a Fibre Channel Storage Area Network (SAN) by using a  
SAN Data Gateway, use the IBM Storage Area Network Gateway Module Setup,  
Operator, and Service Guide to determine whether the problem is occurring  
between the drive and the SAN Data Gateway. If you are using a SCSI drive and  
are having SCSI problems, see “Fixing SCSI Bus Errors” on page 77.  
Starting Problem Determination  
Before starting the problem determination, perform the following steps:  
1. Determine the type of Fibre Channel topology that you are using (see page 6).  
Ensure that the drive and the port to which it is attached are configured in  
compatible topologies.  
2. Using this guide or the service guides of associated switch, hub, or fiber  
products, try to determine where the problem exists (whether in the drive, cable,  
or the device to which the drive and cable attach).  
3. Ensure that the configuration and software levels are supported (see “Fibre  
Channel Attachment” on page 6).  
4. Ensure that the Fibre Channel cables are installed correctly. Refer to the  
appropriate steps in Chapter 3, “Installing the Tape Drive” on page 13.  
5. Go to one of the following procedures:  
v “Fixing a Consistent Error with a Single Drive on a Fibre Channel Loop”  
v “Fixing a Consistent Error with Multiple Drives on a Fibre Channel Loop” on  
page 80  
v “Fixing a Consistent Error in a Point-to-Point Topology” on page 80  
v “Fixing Intermittent Fibre Channel Errors” on page 81  
Fixing a Consistent Error with a Single Drive on a Fibre Channel  
Loop  
1. Ensure that the tape drive is powered on.  
2. Verify that the tape drive’s serial number is the same as the drive serial number  
that the server program is using.  
3. Ensure that the drive’s Fibre Channel AL_PA is set correctly, that it is on the  
loop, and that it is not being used by another device (see “Setting the Arbitrated  
Loop Physical Address (Fibre Channel Drive Only)” on page 19). The tape drive  
must be able to detect light and communicate with the server.  
4. Run the Fibre Channel wrap test at the drive’s Fibre Channel connector (see  
Function Code 6 in Table 9 on page 36).  
v If the test fails, replace the tape drive.  
v If the test is successful, go to step 5.  
5. Run the Fibre Channel wrap test at the end of the fiber cable (see Function  
Code 6 in Table 9 on page 36).  
v If the test fails, replace the fiber cable.  
v If the test is successful, go to step 6.  
6. Check the Fibre Channel cable connection at the server.  
7. Using a device driver utility such as ntutil or tapeutil, verify that the drive is  
properly configured and available at the server.  
8. If the problem persists, the fault may be with the server’s hardware or software.  
Refer to your server’s service manual.  
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9. When the problem is corrected (or determined to be a server problem), restore  
all of the fiber cables to their correct position.  
Fixing a Consistent Error with Multiple Drives on a Fibre Channel  
Loop  
Use the following procedure to determine if all of the drives on the Fibre Channel  
have the problem:  
1. Use a device driver utility (such as ntutil or tapeutil) to verify that the drive is  
available and properly configured at the server.  
2. Determine the type of Fibre Channel topology that you are using (see page 6).  
3. Using this guide or the service guides of associated switch, hub, or fiber  
products, try to isolate which part of the Fibre Channel Storage Area Network  
(SAN) is experiencing problems.  
4. Perform one of the following:  
v If the problem exists on a small number of drives, go to “Fixing a Consistent  
Error with a Single Drive on a Fibre Channel Loop” on page 79.  
v If the problem exists with a large number of drives, perform the following  
steps:  
a. Disconnect all except one failing drive on the Fibre Channel.  
b. Run the Fibre Channel wrap test to determine if a failure occurs on that  
drive (see Function Code 6 in Table 9 on page 36). If it does, perform the  
procedure in “Fixing a Consistent Error with a Single Drive on a Fibre  
Channel Loop” on page 79.  
c. Continue to connect one drive at a time to the Fibre Channel loop.  
5. When the problem is corrected, restore all of the Fibre Channel cables to their  
correct position.  
Fixing a Consistent Error in a Point-to-Point Topology  
1. Ensure that the tape drive is powered on.  
2. Verify that the tape drive’s serial number is the same as the drive serial number  
that the server program is using.  
3. Ensure that the drive is connected to the host or switch. The drive must be able  
to detect light and communicate with the server.  
4. Run the Fibre Channel wrap test at the drive’s Fibre Channel connector (see  
Function Code 6 in Table 9 on page 36).  
v If the test fails, replace the tape drive.  
v If the test is successful, go to step 5.  
5. Run the Fibre Channel wrap test at the end of the fiber cable (see Function  
Code 6 in Table 9 on page 36).  
v If the test fails, replace the fiber cable.  
v If the test is successful, go to step 6.  
6. Check the Fibre Channel cable connection at the server.  
7. Using a device driver utility such as ntutil or tapeutil, verify that the drive is  
properly configured and available at the server.  
8. If the problem persists, the fault may be with the server’s hardware or software.  
Refer to your server’s service manual.  
9. When the problem is corrected (or determined to be a server problem), restore  
all of the fiber cables to their correct position.  
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Fixing Intermittent Fibre Channel Errors  
1. Determine the type of Fibre Channel topology that you are using (see page 6).  
2. Ensure that the configuration and software levels are supported (see “Fibre  
Channel Attachment” on page 6).  
3. Check that each Fibre Channel cable does not exceed 500 m (1640 ft).  
4. Ensure that all Fibre Channel cables are installed correctly. Refer to the  
appropriate steps in Chapter 3, “Installing the Tape Drive” on page 13.  
5. Using this guide or the service guides of associated switch, hub, or fiber  
products, determine that a problem exists between the drive, drive cable, and  
the device to which they attach. Try to isolate which part of the Storage Area  
Network (SAN) is experiencing problems.  
6. Using this guide or the service guides of associated switch, hub, or fiber  
products, verify that the SAN configurations are correct (such as switch zoning  
for drive sharing).  
7. Obtain all errors reported by the drive to the server (see “Using Sense Data” on  
page 71), then contact your OEM Product Application Engineer (PAE) for error  
analysis.  
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Resolving Media-Related Problems  
To resolve problems that are related to media, the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive’s firmware  
includes:  
v Test Cartridge & Media diagnostic that verifies whether a suspect cartridge and  
its magnetic tape are acceptable for use.  
v Statistical Analysis and Reporting System (SARS) to assist in isolating failures  
between media and hardware. To determine the cause of failure, SARS uses the  
cartridge performance history that is saved in the cartridge memory (CM) and the  
drive performance history that is kept in the drive’s flash erasable programmable  
read-only memory (EPROM). Any failures that SARS detects are reported as  
TapeAlert flags on the server (see Appendix B, “TapeAlert Flags” on page 97).  
Attention: If you insert the IBM LTO Ultrium Data Cartridge into another  
manufacturer’s tape drive, the SARS data in the cartridge memory may become  
lost or invalid.  
If you encounter a media-related problem, use the following procedure:  
Attention: When you run the Test Cartridge & Media diagnostic, data on the  
suspect tape is overwritten. Use only a scratch data cartridge to run the test.  
1. If possible, run the tape cartridge in a different tape drive. If the operation in the  
other tape drive fails and 6 or 7 displays, replace the media. If the operation  
succeeds, run the Test Cartridge & Media diagnostic (see Function Code E in  
Table 9 on page 36).  
2. If the Test Cartridge & Media diagnostic fails, replace the media. If it runs  
successfully, clean the tape drive and run the tape drive diagnostics (see  
“Cleaning the Drive Head” on page 35 and Function Code 1 in Table 9 on  
page 36).  
3. If the tape drive diagnostics fail, replace the tape drive. If the tape drive  
diagnostics run successfully, perform the operation that produced the initial  
media error.  
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Chapter 7. Servicing the Tape Drive  
Removing a SCSI Tape Drive from an Enclosure  
To remove an IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive Model T400 from an  
enclosure, perform the following steps:  
1. Ensure that the tape drive does not contain a tape cartridge.  
2. Deconfigure the drive from the server (for instructions, see your server’s  
documentation).  
3. Turn off the power to the enclosure. Disconnect the power cable from the  
enclosure and the electrical outlet.  
4. Remove the cover of the enclosure.  
5. Disconnect the internal power cable from the power connector (see ꢀ4ꢁ in  
Figure 28).  
6. If connected, disconnect the internal LDI (RS-422) cable from the LDI (RS-422)  
connector ꢀ5ꢁ.  
7. Disconnect the internal SCSI cable from the SCSI connector ꢀ2ꢁ.  
8. Perform one of the following procedures on the SCSI ID connector ꢀ3ꢁ:  
v If your enclosure uses an internal SCSI ID switch, disconnect it from the  
SCSI ID connector.  
v If your enclosure uses jumpers to set the SCSI ID, do not remove them from  
the connector.  
9. Remove the mounting screws from the side brackets of the chassis (see ꢀ2ꢁ in  
Figure 8 on page 26).  
10. Remove the tape drive from the enclosure.  
11. To reassemble, reverse these steps.  
Figure 28. Rear view of the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive Model T400 (SCSI  
drive)  
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Removing a Fibre Channel Tape Drive from an Enclosure  
To remove an IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive Model T400F from an  
enclosure, perform the following steps:  
1. Ensure that the tape drive does not contain a tape cartridge.  
2. Deconfigure the drive from the server, switch, or hub (for instructions, see the  
documentation for these devices).  
3. Turn off the power to the enclosure. Disconnect the power cable from the  
enclosure and the electrical outlet.  
4. Disconnect the internal power cable from the power connector (see ꢀ1ꢁ in  
Figure 29).  
5. If connected, disconnect the internal LDI (RS-422) cable from the LDI (RS-422)  
connector ꢀ6ꢁ.  
6. Disconnect the internal fiber cable from the Fibre Channel connector ꢀ5ꢁ.  
7. Disconnect the LID/status connector ꢀ3ꢁ.  
8. Disconnect the FC configuration/status connector ꢀ4ꢁ.  
9. Remove the mounting screws from the side brackets of the chassis (see ꢀ2ꢁ in  
Figure 8 on page 26).  
10. Remove the tape drive from the enclosure.  
11. To reassemble, reverse these steps.  
Figure 29. Rear view of the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive Model T400F (Fibre  
Channel drive)  
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Manually Removing a Tape Cartridge  
If problem-determination procedures identify the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive as the source  
of a problem, you can optionally perform one of the following:  
v Replace the entire unit. For more information, contact your OEM Product  
Application Engineer (PAE).  
v Manually remove the cartridge (see “Removing the Cartridge”).  
v If you are unable to manually remove the cartridge, contact trained service  
personnel for assistance. Refer the service personnel to the instructions in  
“Fixing an Internal Jam” on page 88.  
Attention:  
If you are not a trained service person, do not attempt to open the drive  
for repairs. Attempting a repair other than the manual removal of a tape  
cartridge will void your warranty.  
Removing the Cartridge  
If a tape cartridge fails to eject from the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive, you can manually  
remove the cartridge. The following tools are required for the procedure:  
v 2.5-mm allen wrench  
v Small-blade screwdriver or potentiometer-setting tool  
v 2-mm hex wrench  
v #3 Phillips screwdriver  
v Needle-nose pliers  
v Flashlight (optional)  
Attention: Before performing this procedure, note the following:  
v Ensure that you have attempted all normal methods of removing the tape  
cartridge from the drive. Refer to “Removing a Tape Cartridge” on page 35 and  
the troubleshooting tips in Table 13 on page 65.  
v This procedure may damage the stuck tape cartridge. If you use this procedure,  
copy the data from the stuck cartridge to another cartridge. If you choose to  
reuse the stuck cartridge, refer to the instructions in “Repositioning or  
Reattaching a Leader Pin” on page 55. If you believe the cartridge has been  
damaged, replace it.  
v Do not use a power screwdriver to perform this procedure because it can destroy  
the tape.  
v Never touch the head or electronic components within the drive. Touching may  
cause contamination or damage by electrostatic discharge.  
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To manually remove a tape cartridge, perform the following steps:  
1. Place the drive so that the front faces you, then tilt it on its left side (see  
Figure 30).  
2. Locate the access hole at the bottom of the unit (see ꢀ1ꢁ in Figure 30).  
3. Insert a 2.5-mm allen wrench into the access hole and position the wrench so  
that it is seated in the screw of the supply reel motor.  
4. Push open the door of the tape load compartment and locate the flag ꢀ2ꢁ on  
the drive’s takeup reel.  
Figure 30. Determining whether the tape is broken  
Attention: In the following step, rotate the allen wrench clockwise, not  
counterclockwise. A counterclockwise motion may damage the tape.  
5. To determine whether the tape is broken, watch the flag ꢀ2ꢁ on the drive’s  
takeup reel while you rotate the allen wrench ꢀ1ꢁ clockwise (do not let the  
wrench move counterclockwise):  
v If you feel resistance to the allen wrench while attempting to turn the supply  
reel motor screw clockwise, go to step 7 on page 87.  
v If the takeup reel turns when you rotate the supply reel motor screw  
clockwise with the allen wrench, the tape is not broken. Go to step 6 on  
page 87.  
v If the takeup reel does not turn when you rotate the supply reel motor screw  
clockwise with the allen wrench and if supply reel motor screw rotates freely,  
the tape is broken. You must determine the location of the leader block. To  
do so, insert a small-blade screwdriver or potentiometer-setting tool into the  
access hole for the loader motor gear ꢀ3ꢁ. Rotate the screwdriver  
counterclockwise. You may have to rotate for a lengthy period:  
– If the cartridge moves up, the tape is completely in the cartridge and the  
leader block is in the home position. Continue rotating the screwdriver  
until the cartridge ejects. Remove the cartridge.  
– If you feel resistance and the cartridge does not move up, the leader  
block is not in the home position. Go to “Fixing an Internal Jam” on  
page 88.  
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6. Continue to rotate the allen wrench until you feel resistance. The tape has  
been rewound as far as it can go without unthreading.  
Note: The number of required rotations depends on where the beginning of  
the tape is on the cartridge’s takeup reel. You may have to rotate the  
allen wrench for a lengthy period.  
7. With the allen wrench still inserted into the bottom access hole, insert a  
small-blade screwdriver or potentiometer-setting tool into the access hole for  
the loader motor gear ꢀ3ꢁ.  
8. While keeping torque on the supply reel motor screw and rotating the allen  
wrench ꢀ1ꢁ clockwise, rotate the loader motor gear with the small-blade  
screwdriver ꢀ3ꢁ counterclockwise (see arrow). As you rotate the screwdriver,  
the allen wrench moves slightly.  
9. With the small-blade screwdriver, continue to rotate the loader motor gear in  
the unload direction (counterclockwise):  
v If you feel no resistance to the allen wrench and the cartridge slowly moves  
up and out of the tape load compartment to the fully ejected position, the  
procedure was successful. Remove the small-blade screwdriver and go to  
step 10.  
v If you feel resistance to the allen wrench and the cartridge does not move,  
the loader mechanism is jammed or the leader block is not at the home  
position. Remove the small-blade screwdriver and go to “Fixing an Internal  
Jam” on page 88.  
10. Remove the tape cartridge.  
11. To ensure that the drive operates properly, refer to page 36 and select  
Function Code 1 - Run Tape Drive Diagnostics.  
After you remove the stuck tape cartridge, copy the data on the tape to another  
tape. Then, if appropriate, return the stuck tape cartridge in its original packaging or  
in the packaging from its replacement to your reseller. If the leader pin detached  
from the tape in the cartridge, go to “Repositioning or Reattaching a Leader Pin” on  
page 55.  
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Fixing an Internal Jam  
Attention:  
This procedure must be performed only by trained service personnel.  
If problem-determination procedures identify the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive as  
the source of a problem, replace the entire unit. If you are not a trained  
service person, do not attempt to open the drive for repairs. Attempting a  
repair other than the manual removal of a tape cartridge will void your  
warranty.  
Before performing this procedure, ensure that you have completed the steps  
that begin on page 86. Do not attempt this procedure until you have completed  
these steps.  
If you have reached this point, the tape is broken or the leader pin dropped (or  
looked like it dropped) from the leader block. To fix these conditions, perform the  
following procedure.  
1. If the drive is mounted in an enclosure, perform the procedure to remove it  
(see “Removing a SCSI Tape Drive from an Enclosure” on page 83 or  
“Removing a Fibre Channel Tape Drive from an Enclosure” on page 84).  
2. Place the drive on a nonslip surface.  
3. Remove the cover of the drive by performing the following steps:  
a. Use an appropriate tool to remove the three screws and washers (see ꢀ1ꢁ  
in Figure 31 on page 89) that secure the bezel ꢀ2ꢁ. Remove the bezel.  
b. Use a screwdriver to remove the four cover-mounting screws and washers  
ꢀ3ꢁ.  
c. Remove the cover by lifting it up. Set the cover aside.  
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Figure 31. Removing the top cover of the drive  
4. Examine the drive to determine the cause of the problem:  
v If the tape is broken, do not attempt repair. Return the drive and the stuck  
tape to your reseller for maintenance (note that your tape will be scrapped).  
v If the leader pin dropped from the leader block, go to step 5 on page 90 and  
continue this procedure.  
v If the leader block pulled the tape (but not the pin) from the spool so that it  
looks like the pin was dropped, go to step 5 on page 90 and continue this  
procedure.  
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5. Place the tape drive so that the front faces you, then tilt it on its left side (see  
Figure 32).  
6. At the bottom of the drive, locate the access hole (ꢀ1ꢁ in Figure 32).  
Attention: In the following steps, do not allow drive components  
to touch the head ꢀ2ꢁ. Damage may result to the head.  
7. Insert a 2.5-mm allen wrench into the access hole and position the wrench so  
that it is seated in the screw of the supply reel motor.  
Figure 32. Rewinding the leader pin into the tape cartridge  
8. With clean needle-nose pliers, grasp the end of the leader pin and pull it out of  
the cartridge so that you can grip it with your fingers (see ꢀ3ꢁ in Figure 32).  
Note: If the leader pin is not connected to the tape, set the pin aside. After  
you remove the cartridge, reattach the pin (see “Repositioning or  
Reattaching a Leader Pin” on page 55).  
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9. While keeping the tape taut with your fingers, rotate the allen wrench clockwise  
ꢀ1ꢁ to wind the excess tape into the cartridge. Guide the leader pin toward the  
cartridge and drop it inside the cartridge door. Ensure that no tape is left  
outside of the cartridge. Remove the allen wrench.  
Note: Do not attempt to seat the leader pin into the cartridge’s clips; this will  
interfere with the motion of the leader block.  
10. Manually rotate the loader motor gear (see ꢀ1ꢁ in Figure 33) in the unload  
direction (counterclockwise) until the leader block ꢀ2ꢁ reaches the last roller  
ꢀ3ꢁ.  
11. While manually rotating the loader motor gear in the unload direction, guide the  
end of the leader block ꢀ2ꢁ into the white guide block ꢀ4ꢁ.  
Figure 33. Guiding the leader block into the home position  
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12. Rotate the loader motor gear in the unload direction until the leader block is  
fully inside the drive (see ꢀ1ꢁ in Figure 34).  
Figure 34. Rotating the loader motor gear until the leader block is fully inside the drive. The  
drive is shown on its side. The head is on the right and the arm of the head brush at the  
bottom of the figure.  
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13. Continue to rotate the loader motor gear counterclockwise. The leader block  
retracts and occupies the opening to the drive (see ꢀ1ꢁ in Figure 35).  
Figure 35. Rotating the loader motor gear so that the leader block retracts. The drive is  
shown on its side. The head is on the right and the arm of the head brush at the bottom of  
the figure.  
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14. Rotate the loader motor gear counterclockwise until you feel resistance and  
the cartridge rises and ejects (see Figure 36).  
Figure 36. Rotating the loader motor gear until the cartridge ejects  
15. Remove the tape cartridge. If the leader pin is not seated correctly in the  
cartridge, see “Repositioning or Reattaching a Leader Pin” on page 55.  
16. Copy the data on the stuck tape cartridge to another cartridge. If appropriate,  
return the stuck tape cartridge for analysis in its original packaging or in the  
packaging from its replacement.  
17. Reassemble the tape drive by reversing the preceding steps.  
18. To ensure that the drive operates properly, refer to page 36 and select  
Function Code 1 - Run Tape Drive Diagnostics.  
If you need help with this procedure, contact your OEM Product Application  
Engineer (PAE).  
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Appendix A. Tools and Supplies  
Table 16 lists the tools and supplies that you can use with the IBM TotalStorage  
LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive. To order tools and supplies, contact your OEM Product  
Application Engineer (PAE) or visit the web at http://www.ibm.com/storage/lto.  
Table 16. Tools and supplies for the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
IBM Part Number  
08L9129  
- -  
Product Description  
Leader pin reattachment kit  
2.5-mm allen wrench (procure locally)  
Plastic or blunt-end tweezers (procure locally)  
IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 200 GB Data Cartridge  
IBM LTO Ultrium Cleaning Cartridge  
IBM TotalStorage Cleaning Cartridge (Ultrium LTO 2)  
- -  
08L9870  
08L9124  
35L2086  
19P5897  
IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium Data Cartridge bar code  
labels  
08L9267  
11P3847  
19P5424  
35L1782  
19P0051  
19P0052  
19P0053  
05H4651  
19K1252  
11P3880  
19K1253  
11P3884  
11P3885  
IBM LTO Ultrium Cleaning Cartridge bar code labels  
Single port Fibre Channel wrap plug  
Fibre Channel duplex adapter  
SCSI Y-cable  
0.5-m (1.6-ft) SCSI cable  
5.0-m (16-ft) SCSI cable  
10-m (32-ft) SCSI cable  
25-m (82-ft) SCSI cable  
5-m (16-ft) fiber cable  
13-m (43-ft) fiber cable  
25-m (82-ft) fiber cable  
61-m (200-ft) fiber cable  
Custom-length fiber cable  
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Appendix B. TapeAlert Flags  
TapeAlert is a patented technology and standard of the American National  
Standards Institute (ANSI) that defines conditions and problems that are  
experienced by tape drives. The technology enables a server to read TapeAlert  
flags from a tape drive through the SCSI, Fibre Channel, or Library/Drive Interface  
(LDI or RS-422 interface). The server reads the flags from Log Sense Page 0x2E.  
This appendix lists the TapeAlert flags that are supported by the IBM TotalStorage  
LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive.  
TapeAlert Flags Supported by the Drive  
TapeAlert Flags Supported by the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
Flag  
Parameter  
(in hex)  
Flag  
Number  
Flag  
Hard error  
Description  
Action Required  
3
03h  
Set for any unrecoverable read, See the Action Required column  
write, or positioning error. (This  
flag is set in conjunction with  
flags 4, 5, or 6.)  
for Flag 4, 5, or 6 in this table.  
4
5
04h  
05h  
Media  
Set for any unrecoverable read, Replace the tape cartridge.  
write, or positioning error that is  
due to a faulty tape cartridge.  
Read failure  
Set for any unrecoverable read  
If Flag 4 is also set, the cartridge  
error where isolation is uncertain is defective. Replace the tape  
and failure could be due to a  
faulty tape cartridge or to faulty  
drive hardware.  
cartridge. If Flag 4 is not set, see  
error code 6 in Table 15 on  
page 67.  
6
06h  
Write failure  
Set for any unrecoverable write  
or positioning error where  
If Flag 9 is also set, make sure  
that the write-protect switch is  
isolation is uncertain and failure set so that data can be written to  
could be due to a faulty tape  
cartridge or to faulty drive  
hardware.  
the tape (see “Setting the  
Write-Protect Switch” on  
page 50). If Flag 4 is also set,  
the cartridge is defective.  
Replace the tape cartridge. If  
Flag 4 is not set, see error code  
6 in Table 15 on page 67.  
8
9
08h  
09h  
Not data grade  
Write protect  
Set when severe servo errors  
occur while loading a tape  
cartridge.  
Replace the tape cartridge. If this  
error occurs with multiple tapes,  
see error code 6 in Table 15 on  
page 67.  
Set when the tape drive detects Make sure that the cartridge’s  
that the tape cartridge is  
write-protected.  
write-protect switch is set so that  
the tape drive can write data to  
the tape (see “Setting the  
Write-Protect Switch” on  
page 50).  
10  
0Ah  
No removal  
Set when the tape drive receives Refer to the documentation for  
an UNLOAD command after the your server’s operating system.  
server prevented the tape  
cartridge from being removed.  
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TapeAlert Flags Supported by the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
Flag  
Flag  
Number  
Parameter  
(in hex)  
Flag  
Description  
Action Required  
11  
12  
0Bh  
Cleaning media  
Unsupported format  
Set when you load a cleaning  
cartridge into the drive.  
No action required.  
0Ch  
Set when you load an  
Use a supported tape cartridge.  
unsupported cartridge type into  
the drive or when the cartridge  
format has been corrupted.  
15  
0Fh  
Cartridge memory  
chip failure  
Set when a cartridge memory  
(CM) failure is detected on the  
loaded tape cartridge.  
Replace the cartridge. If this  
error occurs on multiple tapes,  
see error code 6 in Table 15 on  
page 67.  
16  
18  
20  
21  
10h  
12h  
14h  
15h  
Forced eject  
Set when you manually unload  
the tape cartridge while the drive  
was reading or writing.  
No action required.  
Tape directory  
corrupted in the  
cartridge memory  
Set when the drive detects that  
the tape directory in the cartridge rebuild the tape directory.  
memory has been corrupted.  
Re-read all data from the tape to  
Clean now  
Set when the tape drive detects Clean the tape drive. See  
that it needs cleaning.  
“Cleaning the Drive Head” on  
page 35.  
Clean periodic  
Set when the drive detects that it Clean the tape drive as soon as  
needs routine cleaning.  
possible. The drive can continue  
to operate, but you should clean  
the drive soon. See “Cleaning  
the Drive Head” on page 35.  
22  
23  
16h  
17h  
Expired clean  
Set when the tape drive detects Replace the cleaning cartridge.  
a cleaning cartridge that has  
expired.  
Invalid cleaning tape Set when the drive expects a  
cleaning cartridge and the loaded  
cartridge is not a cleaning  
Use a valid cleaning cartridge.  
cartridge.  
30  
31  
1Eh  
1Fh  
Hardware A  
Set when a hardware failure  
occurs which requires that you  
reset the tape drive to recover.  
If resetting the drive does not  
recover the error, use the error  
code from the single-character  
display, library user interface, or  
SCSI drive sense data. See  
Table 15 on page 67.  
Hardware B  
Set when the tape drive fails its  
internal self tests.  
Use the error code on the  
single-character display, library  
user interface, or SCSI drive  
sense data. See Table 15 on  
page 67.  
32  
33  
20h  
21h  
Interface  
Set when the tape drive detects Locate error code 8 or 9 in  
a problem with the SCSI, Fibre  
Channel, or LDI (RS-422)  
interface.  
Table 15 on page 67.  
Eject media  
Set when a failure occurs that  
requires you to unload the  
cartridge from the drive.  
Unload and reload the tape  
cartridge.  
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TapeAlert Flags Supported by the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
Flag  
Flag  
Number  
Parameter  
(in hex)  
Flag  
Description  
Action Required  
34  
22h  
Download fail  
Set when an FMR image is  
unsuccessfully downloaded to  
the tape drive via the SCSI or  
Fibre Channel interface.  
Ensure that it is the correct  
image. Download the FMR  
image again.  
36  
24h  
Drive temperature  
Drive voltage  
Set when the drive’s temperature See error code 1 in Table 15 on  
sensor indicates that the drive’s page 67.  
temperature is exceeding the  
recommended temperature of the  
enclosure (see Table 4 on  
page 11).  
37  
25h  
Set when the drive detects that  
the externally supplied voltages  
are either approaching the  
specified voltage limits or are  
outside the voltage limits (see  
Table 4 on page 11).  
See error code 2 in Table 15 on  
page 67.  
39  
51  
27h  
33h  
Diagnostics required  
Set when the drive detects a  
failure that requires diagnostics  
to isolate the problem.  
See error code 6 in Table 15 on  
page 67.  
Tape directory invalid Set when the tape directory on  
at unload  
Rebuild the tape directory by  
reading all the data  
the tape cartridge that was  
previously unloaded is corrupted.  
The file-search performance is  
degraded.  
52  
53  
34h  
35h  
Tape system area  
write failure  
Set when the tape cartridge that Copy the data to another tape  
was previously unloaded could  
not write its system area  
successfully.  
cartridge, then discard the old  
cartridge.  
Tape system area  
read failure  
Set when the tape system area  
Copy the data to another tape  
could not be read successfully at cartridge, then discard the old  
load time. cartridge.  
Appendix B. TapeAlert Flags 99  
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Notices  
Trademarks  
The following are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the  
United States, or other countries, or both.  
AIX  
iSeries  
SP  
AS/400  
Eserver  
IBM  
OS/400  
pSeries  
RS/6000  
TotalStorage  
zSeries  
The following are U.S. trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Company, International  
Business Machines Corporation, and Seagate Technology.  
Linear Tape-Open  
LTO  
Ultrium  
Ultrium Logo  
LTO Logo  
Intel is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation in the United States, or other  
countries, or both.  
Microsoft, Windows, Windows NT, Windows 2000, and the Windows logo are  
registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, or other  
countries, or both.  
Other company, product, or service names may be the trademarks or service marks  
of others.  
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2002  
101  
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Electronic Emission Notices  
Special Considerations for Electromagnetic Compatibility  
For Class B electromagnetic emissions applications, the IBM TotalStorage LTO  
Ultrium 2 Tape Drive requires that you install it with a Class B front bezel. Contact  
IBM for ordering information or for assistance with bezel design requirements for  
Class B environments. System integrators should refer to the product’s functional  
specification for additional information.  
Models T400 and T400F of the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive have  
been found to satisfy electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements when they  
are installed in a suitably designed enclosure. Due to the high-performance and  
high-frequency operation of these drives, your enclosure must have sufficient EMC  
shielding and filtering for the intended product class (A or B). It is the  
manufacturer’s responsibility to ensure compliance to the required EMC standards  
by using appropriate testing and certification.  
IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive Models T400 and T400F  
The following statement applies to this product. The statement for other products  
that are intended for use with this product will appear in their accompanying  
manuals.  
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Class B Statement  
Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a  
Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are  
designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a  
residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio  
frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions,  
may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no  
guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this  
equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which  
can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to  
try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:  
v Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.  
v Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.  
v Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the  
receiver is connected.  
v Consult an IBM authorized dealer or service representative for help.  
IBM is not responsible for any radio or television interference caused by  
unauthorized changes or modifications to this equipment. Unauthorized changes or  
modifications could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.  
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the  
following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2)  
this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may  
cause undesired operation.  
Industry Canada Class B Emission Compliance Statement  
This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.  
Avis de conformité à la réglementation d’Industrie Canada  
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conform à la norme NMB-003 du  
Canada.  
102 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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European Union (EU) Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive  
This product has been tested and found to comply with the limits for Class B  
Information Technology Equipment according to European Standard EN 55022. The  
limits for Class B equipment were derived for typical residential environments to  
provide reasonable protection against interference with licensed communication  
devices.  
Germany Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive  
Zulassungsbescheinigung laut dem Deutschen Gesetz über die  
elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit von Geräten (EMVG) vom 30. August 1995  
(bzw. der EMC EG Richtlinie 89/336).  
Dieses Gerät ist berechtigt, in Übereinstimmung mit dem Deutschen EMVG das  
EG-Konformitätszeichen - CE - zu führen.  
Verantwortlich für die Konformitätserklärung nach Paragraph 5 des EMVG ist die  
IBM Deutschland Informationssysteme GmbH, 70548 Stuttgart.  
Informationen in Hinsicht EMVG Paragraph 3 Abs. (2) 2: Das Gerät erfüllt die  
Schutzanforderungen nach EN 50082-1 und EN 55022 Klasse B.  
EN 50082-1 Hinweis: ″Wird dieses Gerät in einer industriellen Umgebung betrieben  
(wie in EN 50082-2 festgelegt), dann kann es dabei eventuell gestört werden. In  
solch einem Fall ist der Abstand bzw. die Abschirmung zu der industriellen  
Störquelle zu vergrößern.″  
Anmerkung: Um die Einhaltung des EMVG sicherzustellen, sind die Geräte wie in  
den IBM Handbüchern angegeben zu installieren und zu betreiben.  
Japan VCCI Class B ITE Electronic Emission Statement  
Notices 103  
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Getting Help  
Warranty  
If you need assistance while installing or operating your IBM TotalStorage LTO  
Ultrium 2 Tape Drive, contact your OEM Product Application Engineer (PAE).  
The warranty for this product is negotiated on a per-customer basis.  
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Glossary  
sense data. Autosense data is available only in the  
Fibre Channel version of the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
(Model T400F).  
This glossary defines the special terms,  
abbreviations, and acronyms that are used in this  
publication.  
B
Numbers and Symbols  
backhitch. During tape movement (reading or writing),  
the condition that occurs when the tape drive must stop  
the tape, reverse it, and restart tape motion due to  
certain events. A backhitch usually occurs when the  
server’s net (compressed) data rate is less than the  
drive’s data rate.  
2:1 compression. The relationship between the  
quantity of data that can be stored with compression as  
compared to the quantity of data that can be stored  
without compression. In 2:1 compression, twice as  
much data can be stored with compression as can be  
stored without compression.  
backreflection. Pertaining to instances where light is  
launched into an optical fiber in a forward direction, the  
light that is returned to the launch point in the reverse  
direction.  
µs. Abbreviation for microsecond or one millionth of a  
second (.000001 s).  
A
backups. The short-term retention of records used for  
restoring essential business and server files when vital  
data has been lost because of program or server errors  
or malfunctions.  
A. See ampere.  
acclimation time. Pertaining to the Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive, the amount of time that is needed for the drive to  
adjust to change in temperature, altitude, climate, or  
environment.  
backward compatible. Capable of being used with a  
previous product that was designed for a similar  
purpose. For example, a tape cartridge that is designed  
to be used with a modern tape drive but can also be  
used with certain older tape drives. Synonymous with  
downward compatible.  
active. The condition that the SCSI bus is in when a  
server is trying to use one or more devices on the bus.  
adapter. See adapter card.  
bar code. A code that represents characters by sets of  
parallel bars of varying thickness and separation. The  
bars are read optically by transverse scanning.  
adapter card. A circuit board that adds function to a  
computer.  
AL_PA. See Arbitrated Loop Physical Address.  
amp. See ampere.  
bar code label. A slip of paper bearing a bar code and  
having an adhesive backing. The bar code label must  
be affixed to a tape cartridge to enable the library to  
identify the cartridge and its volume serial number.  
ampere (A, amp). A unit of measure for electric  
current that is equivalent to a flow of one coulomb per  
second, or equivalent to the current produced by one  
volt applied across a resistance of one ohm.  
bezel. The removable frame that fits over the front of  
the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive.  
bit. The smallest unit of data in a computer. A bit  
(short for binary digit) has a single binary value (either 0  
or 1). Computers store data and execute instructions in  
bit multiples called bytes. In most computer systems,  
there are eight bits in a byte.  
American National Standards Institute. A private,  
non-profit organization that gathers and disseminates  
information about standards and conformity issues that  
affect the business, government, and people of the  
United States.  
burst data transfer rate. The maximum speed at  
which data is transferred.  
ANSI. See American National Standards Institute.  
Arbitrated Loop Physical Address (AL_PA). An 8-bit  
value that identifies a device in an arbitrated loop. All  
Fibre Channel ports communicate by using AL_PAs.  
bus. See SCSI bus.  
byte. A string that consists of a certain number of bits  
(usually 8) which are treated as a unit and represent a  
character. A byte is a fundamental unit of data.  
autosense data. Sent by the drive to the server,  
sense data that automatically accompanies a Check  
Condition in response to an error. The server does not  
need to send a REQUEST SENSE command to get the  
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2002  
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counterclockwise. In a direction opposite to that in  
which the hands of a clock rotate, as viewed from the  
front.  
C
C. See Celsius.  
current. The quantity of charge per unit of time.  
Current is measured in amperes.  
capacity. The amount of data that can be contained  
on storage media and expressed in bytes.  
cycle power. To apply and remove electrical power to  
a device within a short time span.  
cartridge. See tape cartridge.  
cartridge door. On a tape cartridge, the hinged barrier  
that can be opened to access, or closed to protect, the  
magnetic tape within the cartridge.  
D
data. Any representations such as characters or  
analog quantities to which meaning is, or might be,  
assigned.  
cartridge manual rewind tool. A device that can be  
fitted into the reel of a cartridge and used to rewind tape  
into or out of the cartridge.  
data cartridge. A tape cartridge that is dedicated to  
storing data. Contrast with cleaning cartridge.  
cartridge memory. See LTO cartridge memory.  
Celsius. Having a thermometric scale on which the  
interval between the freezing point and the boiling point  
of water is divided into 100 degrees, with 0°  
representing the freezing point and 100° representing  
the boiling point.  
data compression. See compression.  
data transfer rate. The average number of bits,  
characters, or blocks per unit of time that pass between  
corresponding equipment in a data transmission system.  
The rate is expressed in bits, characters, or blocks per  
second, minute, or hour.  
channel calibration. A feature of the Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive by which it automatically customizes each  
read/write data channel to compensate for variations in  
such things as the recording channel’s transfer function,  
the media, and characteristics of the drive head.  
Channel calibration optimizes system performance.  
dc. Direct current.  
degauss. To make a magnetic tape nonmagnetic by  
exposing the tape to electrical coils which carry currents  
that neutralize the magnetism of the tape.  
circuit board. A thin sheet on which chips and other  
electronic components are placed. Computers consist of  
one or more boards, often called cards or adapters.  
device. Any hardware component or peripheral, such  
as a tape drive or tape library, that can receive and  
send data.  
cleaning cartridge. A tape cartridge that is used to  
clean the heads of a tape drive. Contrast with data  
cartridge.  
device driver. A file that contains the firmware that is  
needed to use an attached device.  
clockwise. In the direction that the hands of a clock  
rotate, as viewed from the front.  
diagnostic. A software program that is designed to  
recognize, locate, and explain faults in equipment or  
errors in programs.  
command time-out. Following the issuance of a  
command, a period of time during which it is determined  
that there is a bad connection between the server and  
the drive.  
diagnostic cartridge. A tape cartridge that enables  
the detection and isolation of errors in programs and  
faults in equipment.  
compression. The process of eliminating gaps, empty  
fields, redundancies, and unnecessary data to shorten  
the length of records or blocks.  
direct current (dc). An electric current flowing in one  
direction only and substantially constant in value.  
director-class switch. A high-end switch that includes  
such qualities as fault tolerance, high throughput, high  
reliability, port density, and so forth.  
configure. To describe to a server the devices,  
optional features, and programs installed on the system.  
contiguous. Touching along a boundary or at a point.  
drive. See IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive.  
core. The light-conducting central portion of an optical  
fiber. The core is composed of material that has a  
higher index of refraction than the cladding (the material  
that surrounds the core).  
drive dump. The recording, at a particular instant, of  
the contents of all or part of one storage device into  
another storage device, usually as a safeguard against  
faults or errors, or in connection with debugging.  
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drive head. The component that records an electrical  
signal onto magnetic tape, or reads a signal from tape  
into an electrical signal.  
fiber optic cable. The medium by which light is  
transmitted through fibers or thin rods of glass or some  
other transparent material of high refractive index.  
drive sense data. See SCSI drive sense data.  
dump. See drive dump.  
fiber optics. A branch of optics dealing with the  
transmission of light through fibers or thin rods of glass  
or some other transparent material of high refractive  
index.  
duplex. See duplex transmission.  
Fibre Channel. A 100-MB-per-second, full-duplex,  
serial communications technology that is capable of  
interconnecting Ultrium 2 Tape Drives and servers which  
are separated by as much as 11 kilometers (7 miles).  
Fibre Channel technology combines features of the  
input/output (I/O) and networking interfaces.  
duplex adapter. A mechanism that allows a device to  
send and receive communication at the same time.  
duplex transmission. Transmission in both directions,  
either one direction at a time (half-duplex) or both  
directions simultaneously (full-duplex).  
Fibre Channel address. For a tape drive that uses a  
Fibre Channel interface, an identifier (such as an AL_PA  
or Loop ID) that enables other device ports to  
communicate with that drive. A Fibre Channel drive has  
a 3-byte address. The switch assigns the upper 2 bytes  
of the address. If no switch is attached, the 2 bytes  
equal 0. The lower byte assignment (which is the  
AL_PA) varies, depending on whether hard or soft  
addressing is used.  
E
eject. To remove or force out from within.  
electronic mail. Correspondence in the form of  
messages transmitted between user terminals over a  
computer network.  
e-mail. See electronic mail.  
Fibre Channel-Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL) topology.  
A
enclosure. A device, such as a desktop unit, tape  
cartridge autoloader, or tape library, into which you can  
install the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive.  
serial data-transfer architecture and standard governed  
by ANSI. FC-AL is designed for mass storage devices  
and other peripheral devices that require high  
bandwidth. By using optical fiber to connect devices,  
FC-AL supports full-duplex data transfer rates of  
100MBps. An FC-AL topology is compatible with a SCSI  
interface for high-performance storage systems.  
error log. Maintained by the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive, a  
list that contains the ten most recent error codes. The  
codes identify errors that pertain to the drive.  
Fibre Channel cable. The cable that connects a Fibre  
Channel tape drive to another device. The conductive  
element within the cable is constructed of either copper  
wires or optical fibers. Generally, copper wires are used  
for short distances (up to 30 meters or 98 feet); optical  
fibers are used for longer distances. Fiber-optic cabling  
is referred to by mode or the frequencies of light waves  
that are carried by a particular cable type. Multimode  
fiber cables are generally used for distances up to 500  
meters (1640 feet) and with short-wave (780  
F
fabric. A Fibre Channel entity which interconnects and  
facilitates logins of N_ports that attach to it. The fabric is  
responsible for routing frames between source and  
destination N_ports by using address information in the  
frame header. A fabric can be as simple as a  
point-to-point channel between two N-ports, or as  
complex as a frame-routing switch that provides multiple  
and redundant internal pathways within the fabric  
between F_ports.  
nanometer) laser light. Single-mode fiber cables are  
used for distances greater than 500 m (1640 feet) and  
with long-wave (1300 nanometer) laser light.  
fan shroud. The wire mesh enclosure around the fan  
that holds it in place and prevents direct access. The  
shroud mounts the fan assembly to the Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive. generic FC reference to an N_port or an F_port.  
Fibre Channel configuration/status connector.  
Located at the rear of a Fibre Channel drive, the  
connector that allows you to optionally change the  
drive’s link services (for example, its speed and type of  
topology).  
FC-AL. See Fibre Channel-Arbitrated Loop.  
FC port. See Fibre Channel port.  
Fibre Channel interface. The hardware or software  
that links differing Fibre Channel systems, programs or  
devices.  
feature switch. Located under the Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive, a bank of eight micro switches that can be  
manually toggled on or off to activate or deactivate  
different characteristics of the drive.  
Fibre Channel port. A generic Fibre Channel  
reference to an N_port or an F_port.  
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Fibre Channel protocol. An evolving ANSI  
gigabyte (GB). 1 000 000 000 bytes.  
interconnection standard for high-speed data transfer  
among computers and storage devices defined by the  
Fibre Channel Protocol (FCP). At the physical level,  
data is transmitted serially over pairs of point-to-point  
links between FC ports. With appropriate components,  
data can be transferred at 100 MB/sec up over a  
distance of 10 km between FC ports. The ports can be  
configured in ring and switched interconnect topologies  
which allow each port to exchange data with any other  
port that is part of the same fabric.  
ground. An object that makes an electrical connection  
with the earth.  
H
hard addressing. Pertaining to the Fibre Channel  
drive (Model T400F), a method that identifies the drive’s  
LID and, consequently, its AL_PA (the AL_PA enables  
the drive to communicate with other devices).  
Fibre Channel wrap test. A diagnostic that causes the  
Ultrium 2 Tape Drive to perform a check of the Fibre  
Channel circuitry from and to the drive’s Fibre Channel  
connector or the fiber cable.  
hardware. The physical equipment or devices that  
form a computer.  
head. See drive head.  
field microcode replacement tape. A tape cartridge  
that contains new or revised firmware (microcode) for  
the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive.  
Head Resistance Measurements test. Part of the  
Test Head diagnostic, a procedure that determines  
whether the tape drive’s head works correctly. The test  
measures the head’s ability to withstand cracks and  
other defects.  
file. A named set of records that are stored or  
processed as a unit.  
host. The controlling or highest-level system in a data  
communication configuration. Synonymous with server.  
filemark. Located on the magnetic tape within a tape  
cartridge, a recorded element that typically marks the  
organizational boundaries in a serial file structure (such  
as directory boundaries) and that is requested to be  
written or read by the server.  
hot-pluggable. Pertaining to the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive,  
the ability to remove the drive from an enclosure while  
the enclosure is powered-on.  
firmware. The proprietary code that is usually  
delivered as part of an operating system. Firmware is  
more efficient than software that is loaded from an  
alterable medium, and is more adaptable to change  
than pure hardware circuitry. An example of firmware is  
the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) in read-only  
memory (ROM) on a PC motherboard.  
hub. A communications device to which nodes on a  
multi-point bus or loop are physically connected. Hubs  
are commonly used in Fibre Channel networks to  
improve the manageability of physical cables. They  
maintain the logical loop topology of the network of  
which they are a part, while creating a “hub and spoke”  
physical star layout. Unlike switches, hubs do not  
aggregate bandwidth. They typically support the addition  
or removal of nodes from the bus while it is operating.  
FMR tape. See field microcode replacement tape.  
foot. A unit of length comprising 12 inches.  
I
G
IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive.  
A
data-storage device that controls the movement of the  
magnetic tape in an IBM LTO Ultrium Tape Cartridge.  
The drive houses the mechanism (drive head) that  
reads and writes data to the tape. The drive is the first  
of four drives planned for the Ultrium format. Its native  
data capacity is 100 GB per cartridge; with 2:1  
compression, its capacity is up to 200 GB.  
Gb. See gigabit.  
GB. See gigabyte.  
Generation 1. The informal name for the IBM Ultrium  
Internal Tape Drive, which is the predecessor of the  
Ultrium 2 Tape Drive (Generation 2). The Generation 1  
drive has a native storage capacity of up to 100 GB per  
cartridge and a native sustained data transfer rate of 15  
MB per second.  
ID. Identifier.  
in. See inch.  
Generation 2. The informal name for the Ultrium 2  
Tape Drive, which is the second-generation version of  
the IBM Ultrium Internal Tape Drive (Generation 1). The  
Generation 2 drive has a native storage capacity of up  
to 200 GB per cartridge and a native sustained data  
transfer rate of 35 MB per second.  
inch. A unit of length equal to 1/36 yard or 25.4 mm.  
initiator. In SCSI terms, a SCSI device that requests  
an I/O process to be performed by another SCSI device  
(a target). In many cases, an initiator can also be a  
target.  
gigabit (Gb). 1 000 000 000 bits. 1 Gb equals 100 MB.  
108 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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input/output (I/O). Data that is provided to a computer  
or data that results from computer processing.  
leader pin. On the LTO Ultrium Tape Cartridge, a  
small metal column that is attached to the end of the  
magnetic tape. During tape processing the leader pin is  
grasped by a threading mechanism, which pulls the pin  
and the tape out of the cartridge, across the drive head,  
and onto a takeup reel. The head can then read or write  
data from or to the tape.  
insertion guide. On the surface of the IBM LTO  
Ultrium Tape Cartridge, a large, notched area that  
prevents you from inserting the cartridge incorrectly.  
install. (1) To set up for use or service. (2) The act of  
adding a product, feature, or function to a server or  
device either by a singular change or by the addition of  
multiple components or devices.  
LED. See light-emitting diode.  
Library/Drive Interface. An electrical interface  
standard that is approved by the Electronic Industries  
Association (EIA) for connecting serial devices.  
Internet. The worldwide collection of interconnected  
networks that use the Internet suite of protocols and  
permit public access.  
Library/Drive Interface (LDI) connector. Located at  
the rear of the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive, the connector to  
which the internal LDI cable of an enclosure connects.  
The connection enables serial devices to communicate  
with the drive.  
interposer. An adapter-like device that allows a  
connector of one size and style to connect to a mating  
connector of a different size and style. Data provided to  
the computer or data resulting from computer  
processing.  
LID. See loop identifier.  
I/O. See input/output.  
LID/status connector. See loop identifier (LID)/status  
connector.  
J
link services. The speed and topology of your Fibre  
Channel drive. If you choose not to alter the link  
services, the drive defaults to a negotiated speed and  
operation in an FC-AL topology with a direct connection  
to the server.  
J2 connector. Located at the rear of the Ultrium 2  
Tape Drive, the connector for the LDI (or RS-422)  
interface.  
J33 connector. Located at the rear of the Ultrium 2  
Tape Drive, a single connector that contains the  
connections for the SCSI signals and grounds, SCSI ID,  
SCSI bus termination, and drive power.  
LIP. See loop initialization protocol.  
light-emitting diode (LED). A semiconductor diode  
that emits light when subjected to an applied voltage  
and that is used in an electronic display.  
jumper. (1) A tiny connector that fits over a pair of  
protruding pins in a connector. A jumper can be moved  
to change electrical connectors. When in place, the  
jumper connects the pins electrically. (2) To place a  
jumper on a connector pin.  
Linear Tape-Open (LTO). A type of tape storage  
technology developed by the IBM Corporation,  
Hewlett-Packard, and Seagate. LTO technology is an  
“open format” technology, which means that its users  
have multiple sources of product and media. The “open”  
nature of LTO technology enables compatibility between  
different vendors’ offerings by ensuring that vendors  
comply with verification standards.  
L
label. A slip of paper with an adhesive backing that  
can be written on and affixed to a tape cartridge as a  
means of identification or description.  
load. Following the insertion of a tape cartridge into  
the tape load compartment, the act of positioning the  
tape (performed by the tape drive) for reading or writing  
by the drive’s head.  
label area. On the LTO Ultrium Tape Cartridge, a  
recessed area next to the write-protect switch where a  
bar code label must be affixed.  
load and unload cycle. The act of inserting a  
cartridge into a tape drive, loading the tape to load  
point, rewinding the tape into the cartridge, and ejecting  
the cartridge from the drive.  
LAN. See local area network.  
LDI. See Library/Drive Interface.  
local area network (LAN). A computer network that is  
located on a user’s premises within a limited  
geographical area. The network consists of a set of  
devices that are connected to one another for  
communication and that can be connected to a larger  
network. Communications are limited to a  
leader-pin block. Located within the Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive, the part that engages the steel pin which is  
attached to the tape in an LTO Ultrium Tape Cartridge.  
Once engaged, the leader-pin block pulls the tape from  
the cartridge into the drive.  
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moderate-sized geographic area (1 to 10 km) such as a  
single office building, warehouse, or campus.  
M
m. See meter.  
log sense data. See SCSI log sense data.  
magnetic tape. A tape with a magnetizable surface  
layer on which data can be stored by magnetic  
recording.  
loop. (1) A series of instructions that is repeated until a  
terminating condition is reached. (2) To connect so as to  
complete a loop.  
maintenance mode. The state of operation in which  
the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive must be before it can run  
diagnostics, verify write and read operations, verify a  
suspect tape cartridge, update its own firmware, and  
perform other diagnostic and maintenance functions.  
loop ID. See loop identifier.  
loop identifier (LID). In a Fibre Channel topology, the  
identifier that a device assigns to an Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive. An operator uses the LID to set the AL_PA.  
MB. See megabyte.  
loop identifier (LID)/status connector. Located on  
the Model T400F, the connector that is used to set the  
Loop ID and provide status about the loop.  
media. The plural of medium.  
media capacity. See capacity.  
loop initialization protocol (LIP). A method by which  
a device in a Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop acquires its  
AL_PA.  
medium. A physical material in or on which data may  
be represented, such as magnetic tape.  
loss. In fiber optics technology, the amount of a  
signal’s power (expressed in dB) that is lost in  
connectors, splices, or fiber defects.  
megabyte (MB). 1 000 000 bytes.  
metal particle tape. In the LTO Ultrium Tape  
Cartridge, tape that uses very small, pure metal  
particles (rather than oxide coatings) in the magnetic  
layer.  
Low Voltage Differential (LVD). A low-noise,  
low-power, and low-amplitude electrical signaling system  
that enables data communication between a supported  
server and the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive. LVD signaling uses  
two wires to drive one signal over copper wire. The use  
of wire pairs reduces electrical noise and crosstalk.  
meter. In the Metric System, the basic unit of length;  
equal to approximately 39.37 inches.  
micrometer. One millionth of a meter (.000001 m).  
Synonymous with micron. Abbreviated as µm.  
L_port. Located on the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive, the Fibre  
Channel portal that facilitates communication only in an  
FC-AL topology. An L_port also allows connection to  
FL_ports and NL_ports.  
micron. One millionth of a meter (.000001 m).  
Synonymous with micrometer. Abbreviated as µm.  
LTO. See Linear Tape-Open.  
microsecond. One millionth of a second (.000001 s).  
Abbreviated as µs.  
LTO cartridge memory (LTO-CM). Within each LTO  
Ultrium Data Cartridge, an embedded electronics and  
interface module that can store and retrieve a  
millimeter (mm). One thousandth of a meter (.001 m).  
millisecond (ms). One thousandth of a second (.001  
cartridge’s historical usage and other information.  
s).  
LTO-CM. See LTO cartridge memory.  
LTO-DC. See LTO Data Compression.  
mm. See millimeter.  
Model T400. The version of the IBM TotalStorage LTO  
Ultrium 2 Tape Drive that uses the SCSI interface.  
LTO Data Compression (LTO-DC). A method that  
compresses a server’s data before the drive writes it to  
tape. LTO-DC detects but does not recompress or test  
record boundaries and file markers (which are encoded  
as control symbols). It also allows switching between  
compression and no compression within the data  
stream, which prevents data from expanding when the  
drive compresses random or encrypted data.  
Model T400F. The version of the IBM TotalStorage  
LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive that uses the Fibre Channel  
interface.  
ms. See millisecond.  
multimode fiber. An optical fiber that has a core that  
is large enough to propagate more than one  
electromagnetic wave of light. The typical diameter is  
62.5 micrometers.  
LVD. See Low Voltage Differential.  
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wound solenoid that is excited with a linear current  
density in its winding of one abamper per 4π  
centimeters of axial length.  
N
N/A. Not applicable.  
offline. The operating condition that the Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive is in when the server’s applications cannot interact  
with it.  
native storage capacity. The amount of data that can  
be stored without compression on a tape cartridge.  
native sustained data transfer rate. See data  
transfer rate.  
online. The operating condition that the Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive is in when the server’s applications can interact  
with it.  
negotiated speed. Defined by Fibre Channel  
Standards, the algorithm that ensures the highest speed  
that is supported by both the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive and  
the port to which it attaches. This negotiation occurs at  
power up and whenever a catastrophic link event  
occurs, such as a cable pull that exceeds the timeouts  
that are specified in the Standards. The speed is  
negotiated when the first possibility of a new connection  
(for example, a fiber cable) is established, and is  
maintained until the Fibre Channel connection is  
terminated. The speed is not renegotiated when a new  
device is attached to a loop.  
Open Systems. Computer systems whose standards  
are not proprietary.  
operating environment. The temperature, relative  
humidity rate, and wet bulb temperature of the room in  
which the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive routinely conducts  
processing.  
operating system. The master computer control  
program that translates the user’s commands and  
allows software application programs to interact with the  
computer’s hardware.  
network. A configuration of data processing devices  
and software that is connected for information  
interchange.  
optical transceiver. A device that both transmits and  
receives analog or digital signals over a light source.  
network server. In a local area network, a personal  
computer that provides access to files for all of the  
workstations in the network.  
P
panic reset. The act of pressing and holding the  
unload button for 10 seconds to force a reset of a  
nonresponsive drive.  
node. In Fibre Channel technology, a communicating  
device.  
N_port. Located on the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive, the Fibre  
Channel portal that facilitates communication only in a  
point-to-point topology. An N_port also allows  
connection to F_ports.  
parity. The state of being even-numbered or  
odd-numbered. A parity bit is a binary number that is  
added to a group of binary numbers to make the sum of  
that group always odd (odd parity) or even (even parity).  
NL_port. Located on the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive, the  
Fibre Channel portal that facilitates communication only  
in a point-to-point topology (by acting as an N_port). If  
the connection fails, the port attempts to connect in an  
FC-AL topology (by acting as an L_port).  
parity error. A transmission error that occurs when the  
received data does not have the parity that is expected  
by the receiving system. This usually occurs when the  
sending and receiving systems have different parity  
settings.  
ntutil. Created by IBM, a utility program for LTO  
devices that connect to Windows NT and Windows  
2000. ntutil provides problem determination for  
hardware or connections, assists with device and  
medium changer recognition, forces dumps, loads new  
firmware, sends and receives SCSI commands to and  
from the hardware, and obtains SCSI sense data to use  
in resolving errors.  
point-to-point connection. Pertaining to data  
transmission between two locations without the use of  
any intermediate display station or computer.  
port. (1) A system or network access point for data  
entry or exit. (2) A connector on a device to which  
cables for other devices such as display stations and  
printers are attached. (3) The representation of a  
physical connection to hardware. A port is sometimes  
referred to as an adapter; however, there can be more  
than one port on an adapter.  
O
oersted. The unit of magnetic field strength in the  
unrationalized centimeter-gram-second (cgs)  
electromagnetic system. The oersted is the magnetic  
field strength in the interior of an elongated, uniformly  
power connector. Located at the rear of the Ultrium 2  
Tape Drive, the connector to which the internal power  
cable of an enclosure connects.  
power cord. A cable that connects a device to a  
source of electrical power.  
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power-off. To remove electrical power from a device.  
S
power-on, powered-on. (1) To apply electrical power  
to a device. (2) The state of a device when power has  
been applied to it.  
s. See second.  
SAN. See Storage Area Network.  
private device. A device that is attached directly to a  
server and is not connected to a fabric or switch. A  
private device can be part of an arbitrated loop topology  
or point-to-point topology.  
SAN Data Gateway. A device that provides Fibre  
Channel attachment between Open Systems servers  
and SCSI disk and tape storage systems.  
SC. See subscription channel connector.  
protocol. The meanings of, and the sequencing rules  
for, requests and responses that are used to manage a  
network, transfer data, and synchronize the states of  
network components.  
scratch cartridge. A data cartridge that contains no  
useful data, but can be written to with new data.  
SCSI. See Small Computer Systems Interface.  
public device. A device that is attached to a fabric or  
switch, and can communicate to that fabric or switch. A  
public device can be part of an arbitrated loop topology  
or point-to-point topology.  
SCSI bus. (1) A collection of wires through which data  
is transmitted from one part of a computer to another.  
(2) A generic term that refers to the complete set of  
signals that define the activity of the Small Computer  
Systems Interface (SCSI).  
Q
SCSI connector. Located at the rear of the Ultrium 2  
Tape Drive, the connector that facilitates commands to  
and from the server, and to which the internal SCSI  
cable of an enclosure connects.  
quiesce. To put a device into a temporarily inactive or  
inhibited state, but not remove it from the server.  
R
SCSI device. Anything that can connect into the SCSI  
bus and actively participate in bus activity.  
read. To acquire or interpret data from a storage  
device, from a data medium, or from another source.  
SCSI drive sense data. In response to inquiry from  
the server about an error condition, a packet of SCSI  
sense bytes that contains information about the error  
and that is sent back to the server by the drive.  
reboot. To reinitialize the execution of a program by  
repeating the initial program load (IPL) operation.  
record. The smallest distinct set of data bytes that is  
supplied from a server for processing and recording by  
a tape drive, and the smallest distinct set of data to be  
read from tape, reprocessed, and made available to a  
server by a tape drive.  
SCSI ID. The unique address (from 1 to 15) that you  
assign to an Ultrium 2 Tape Drive that uses a SCSI  
interface (Model T400).  
SCSI ID connector. Located at the rear of the Ultrium  
2 Tape Drive, the connector that enables the drive’s  
SCSI address to be set. Addresses are determined by  
the placement of jumpers on the pins.  
record boundaries. The fixed limits of a record.  
relative humidity. The ratio of the amount of water  
vapor actually present in the air to the greatest amount  
possible at the same temperature.  
SCSI interface. See Small Computer Systems  
Interface.  
repeater. A device that regenerates signals to extend  
the range of transmission between data stations or to  
interconnect two branches. A repeater is a node of a  
local area network.  
SCSI protocol. A set of rules that control the  
communication and transfer of data between two or  
more SCSI devices or systems in a communications  
network.  
reset. To return a device or circuit to a clear state.  
SCSI ID switch. Located on an enclosure that  
contains a Ultrium 2 Tape Drive, a mechanism that  
connects to the drive and allows you to change the  
drive’s SCSI ID without using jumpers.  
LDI wrap plug. A connector mechanism that connects  
to an LDI port for the purpose of testing the Ultrium 2  
Tape Drive’s circuitry for the LDI interface.  
SCSI log sense data. In response to inquiry from the  
server about the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive’s error logs and  
counters, a packet of SCSI sense bytes which contains  
that information and which is sent back to the server by  
LDI wrap test. A diagnostic that can be run on the  
Ultrium 2 Tape Drive to determine whether the circuitry  
functions properly to and from the LDI connector.  
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the drive. Log sense data is used to diagnose problems,  
especially if the problems are intermittent.  
standard serial and parallel ports (up to 160 megabytes  
per second). The variations include:  
v
v
v
Fast/Wide SCSI: Uses a 16-bit bus, and supports  
data rates of up to 20 MBps.  
SCSI wrap plug. A connector mechanism that  
connects to a SCSI port for the purpose of testing the  
Ultrium 2 Tape Drive’s circuitry for the SCSI interface.  
SCSI-1: Uses an 8-bit bus, and supports data rates  
of 4 MBps.  
SCSI wrap test. A diagnostic that can be run on the  
Ultrium 2 Tape Drive to determine whether the circuitry  
functions properly to and from the SCSI connector.  
SCSI-2: Same as SCSI-1, but uses a 50-pin  
connector instead of a 25-pin connector, and  
supports multiple devices.  
v
v
v
v
Ultra SCSI: Uses an 8- or 16-bit bus, and supports  
data rates of 20 or 40 MBps.  
second. One sixtieth of a minute.  
selection time-out. Following the selection of an  
option (for example, a data transfer), the period of time  
during which it is determined that there is a bad  
connection between the server and the drive.  
Ultra2 SCSI: Uses an 8- or 16-bit bus and supports  
data rates of 40 or 80 MBps.  
Ultra3 SCSI: Uses a 16-bit bus and supports data  
rates of 80 or 160 MBps.  
Ultra160 SCSI: Uses a 16-bit bus and supports data  
rates of 160 MBps.  
sense data. Data that describes an I/O error. Sense  
data is presented to a server in response to a Sense  
I/O command.  
soft addressing. Pertaining to the Fibre Channel drive  
(Model T400F), a method that enables the drive to  
dynamically arbitrate its AL_PA with other Fibre Channel  
devices on the loop. The AL_PA enables the drive to  
communicate with other devices.  
serial interface. An interface that sequentially or  
consecutively executes two or more operations in a  
single device, such as an arithmetic and logic operation.  
server. A functional unit that provides services to one  
or more clients over a network. Examples include a file  
server, a print server, or a mail server. The IBM  
Eserver pSeries, IBM Eserver iSeries, HP, and Sun  
are servers. Synonymous with host.  
software. Programs, procedures, rules, and any  
associated documentation pertaining to the operation of  
a computer system.  
speed matching. A technique used by the Ultrium 2  
Tape Drive to dynamically adjust its native  
(uncompressed) data rate to the slower data rate of a  
server. Speed matching improves system performance  
and reduces backhitch.  
ship group. The group of supplies, cords, or  
documentation that is shipped with the Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive.  
shipping environment. The temperature, relative  
humidity rate, and wet bulb temperature of the  
environment to which the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive is  
exposed when it is transferred from one location to  
another.  
status light. Located at the front of the Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive, an LED that can be green or amber, and (when  
lit) solid or flashing. The condition of the light represents  
the state of the drive.  
Storage Area Network (SAN). A high-speed  
short-wave cable. In Fibre Channel technology, a  
laser cable that uses a wavelength of 780 nanometers  
and is only compatible with multimode fiber.  
subnetwork of shared storage devices. A SAN’s  
architecture makes all storage devices available to all  
servers on a LAN or WAN. As more storage devices are  
added to a SAN, they too will be accessible from any  
server in the larger network. Because stored data does  
not reside directly on any of a network’s servers, server  
power is used for business applications, and network  
capacity is released to the end user.  
single-character display. Located at the front of the  
Ultrium 2 Tape Drive, an LED that presents an  
alphabetical or numeric code which represents a  
diagnostic or maintenance function, error condition, or  
informational message.  
sleep mode. A power-management function that  
causes the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive’s electronics to  
automatically enter a low-power mode by which to  
conserve energy.  
storage environment. The temperature, relative  
humidity rate, and wet bulb temperature of the  
environment in which the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive is  
nonoperational and is being kept for future use.  
Small Computer Systems Interface (SCSI).  
A
subscription channel connector (SC). A push-pull  
type of optical connector that features high density, low  
loss, low backreflection, and low cost.  
standard used by computer manufacturers for attaching  
peripheral devices (such as tape drives, hard disks,  
CD-ROM players, printers, and scanners) to computers  
(servers). Pronounced ″scuzzy.″ Variations of the SCSI  
interface provide for faster data transmission rates than  
switch. A network infrastructure component to which  
multiple nodes attach. Unlike hubs, switches typically  
have the ability to switch node connections from one to  
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another. A typical switch can facilitate several  
simultaneous bandwidth transmissions between different  
pairs of nodes.  
TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive. See IBM  
TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive.  
track. A linear or angled pattern of data that is written  
on a tape surface.  
T
transfer rate. See data transfer rate.  
TapeAlert. A patented technology and ANSI standard  
that defines conditions and problems that are  
experienced by tape drives.  
two-node arbitrated loop. In Fibre Channel  
technology, the connection of two nodes that  
communicate directly (without the use of a switch) and  
use the same protocol.  
TapeAlert flags. Status and error messages that are  
generated by the TapeAlert utility and display on the  
server’s console.  
two-node switched fabric loop. In Fibre Channel  
technology, the connection of two or more nodes that  
communicate by using a switch. The nodes may not use  
the same protocol.  
tape cartridge. A removable storage case that houses  
belt-driven magnetic tape that is wound on a supply reel  
and a takeup reel.  
U
tape drive. See IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive.  
Ultra160 LVD SCSI interface. See Small Computer  
Systems Interface.  
tape path. Within a tape drive, the channel in which  
the media moves.  
Ultrium 2 Tape Drive. See IBM TotalStorage LTO  
Ultrium 2 Tape Drive.  
tapeutil. Created by IBM, a utility program for LTO  
devices that connect to all supported servers except  
Windows NT and Windows 2000. tapeutil provides  
service aids for tape subsystems, offers a menu-driven  
tool for exercising or testing IBM tape and medium  
changer devices, and includes a command-line interface  
that is convenient for use in shell scripts.  
uniform resource locator (URL). The address of an  
item on the World Wide Web. It includes the protocol  
followed by the fully qualified domain name (sometimes  
called the host name) and the request. The web server  
typically maps the request portion of the URL to a path  
and file name. For example, if the URL is  
terminate. To prevent unwanted electrical signal  
reflections by applying a device (known as a terminator)  
that absorbs the energy from the transmission line.  
http://www.networking.ibm.com/nsg/nsgmain.htm, the  
protocol is http; the fully qualified domain name is  
www.networking.ibm.com; and the request is  
/nsg/nsgmain.htm.  
terminator. (1) A part that is used to end a SCSI bus.  
(2) A single-port, 75-B device that is used to absorb  
energy from a transmission line. Terminators prevent  
energy from reflecting back into a cable plant by  
absorbing the radio frequency signals. A terminator is  
usually shielded, which prevents unwanted signals from  
entering or valid signals from leaving the cable system.  
unload. The act (performed by the drive) of  
unthreading tape from the drive’s internal tape path and  
returning it (with the leader block) to the tape cartridge.  
unload button. Located at the front of the Ultrium 2  
Tape Drive, a push button that, when depressed,  
rewinds the tape in a cartridge and ejects the cartridge  
from the drive. The unload button can also be used to  
place the tape drive in maintenance mode, scroll  
through maintenance functions, exit maintenance mode,  
force a drive dump, and reset the drive.  
TERMPOWER. Electrical power that is provided by a  
device (such as the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive) to a SCSI  
terminator so that the SCSI bus can function. To supply  
TERMPOWER, a jumper must be placed on pin 1 of the  
SCSI ID connector on the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive.  
URL. See uniform resource locator.  
utility. See utility program.  
Test Head diagnostic. A test that determines whether  
the heads of the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive are operating  
properly and whether the drive can correctly read from  
and write to tape.  
utility program. A computer program that supports  
computer processes. For example, a diagnostic  
program, a trace program, or a sort program.  
throughput. A measure of the amount of information  
that is transmitted over a network in a given period of  
time.  
V
topology. In communications, the physical or logical  
arrangement of nodes in a network, especially the  
relationships among nodes and the links between them.  
Vdc. Volts dc (direct current).  
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vital product data (VPD). Information about a product.  
Among other details, the VPD may include a model  
number, serial number, part number, or level of  
firmware.  
switch to the locked padlock, data cannot be written to  
the tape. When you slide the switch to the unlocked  
padlock, data can be written to the tape.  
Write/Read test. Part of the Test Head diagnostic, a  
procedure that determines whether the Ultrium 2 Tape  
Drive can correctly read from and write to tape.  
volt. The SI (international) unit of potential difference  
and electromotive force. Formally defined as the  
difference of electric potential between two points of a  
conductor that carries a constant current of one ampere  
when the power dissipated between these points is  
equal to one watt.  
Z
zoning. In Fibre Channel environments, the grouping  
of multiple ports to form a virtual, private, storage  
network. Ports that are members of a zone can  
communicate with each other, but are isolated from  
ports in other zones.  
VPD. Vital product data.  
W
W. Watts.  
WAN. See wide area network.  
watt. The metric unit of power that is required to do  
work at the rate of one joule per second.  
web. See World Wide Web.  
wet bulb temperature. The temperature at which pure  
water must be evaporated adiabatically at constant  
pressure into a given sample of air in order to saturate  
the air under steady-state conditions. Wet bulb  
temperature is read from a wet bulb thermometer.  
wide area network (WAN). A data communications  
network that is designed to serve an area of hundreds  
or thousands of miles (for example, national telephone  
networks).  
World Wide Node Name. A unique, 8-byte identifier  
that is assigned by IBM Manufacturing to each Ultrium 2  
Tape Drive and used to identify the drive’s SCSI logical  
unit.  
World Wide Port Name. A unique, 8-byte identifier  
that is assigned by IBM Manufacturing to each Ultrium 2  
Tape Drive and used to identify the physical port on the  
drive.  
World Wide Web. A network of servers that contain  
programs and files. Many of the files contain hypertext  
links to other documents that are available through the  
network.  
write. To make a permanent or transient recording of  
data in a storage device or on a data medium.  
write protected. Applicable to a tape cartridge, the  
condition that exists when some logical or physical  
mechanism prevents a device from writing on the tape  
in that cartridge.  
write-protect switch. Located on the LTO Ultrium  
Tape Cartridge, a switch that prevents accidental  
erasure of data. Pictures of a locked and unlocked  
padlock appear on the switch. When you slide the  
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116 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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Index  
connections (continued)  
A
SCSI 27, 28  
acclimating the drive 16, 52, 53  
address  
connectivity  
connectors  
3
for Fibre Channel drive 7, 19  
for SCSI drive 5, 17  
Fibre Channel 1, 8, 15  
SCSI 1, 4, 14  
AIX  
AL_PA  
description 7, 19  
setting to add LIDs 22  
setting to get status of loop 20  
altitude specification 11  
Arbitrated Loop Physical Address (AL_PA)  
description 19  
3
converting an FMR tape to a scratch tape 41  
copying a drive dump to tape 38  
creating an FMR tape 37  
current, electrical specifications 11  
Customer Assistance Centers 104  
D
setting to add LIDs 22  
setting to get status of loop 20  
AS/400  
danger notice, definition vii  
data cartridge 48, 63  
data transfer rate  
1
device driver support  
9
degaussing a tape cartridge 52, 63  
description of Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
device driver  
obtaining error information from 71  
supported server and operating system  
attaching leader pin to tape, procedure 55  
attention notice, definition vii  
1
3
installing 28  
support  
use in recording errors 71  
diagnostics  
9
B
fast read/write test 43  
Fibre Channel wrap test 40  
Library/Drive Interface wrap test (LDI or RS-422) 41  
running during installation 28  
SCSI wrap test 39  
selecting 36  
Test Cartridge & Media 43, 82  
Test Head 44  
backhitch, preventing  
bar code label  
2
ordering 63, 64  
placement on cartridge 48  
burst data transfer rate  
bus, connecting tape drive to SCSI 28  
1
dimension of tape  
2
C
dimension of tape drive 11  
displaying error code log 42, 76  
disposing of a tape cartridge 63  
drive dump  
cables  
for Fibre Channel 8, 95  
for SCSI 4, 95  
capacity 1, 2, 48  
copying to tape 38  
forcing 38  
obtaining 75  
cartridge capacity, controlling 48  
cartridge door 47  
cartridge memory 47, 48  
caution notice, definition vii  
changing link services 24  
drive head, cleaning 35  
channel calibration  
checkout of tape drive, performing 29  
cleaning cartridge  
description 49  
ordering 63  
cleaning drive head 35  
clearing error code log 42  
compatible tape cartridges 2, 47  
compressed capacity 1, 48  
2
E
electronic emission regulations 102  
enclosure  
mounting the tape drive into 26  
powering off 16  
environmental specifications  
for media 62  
for tape drive 11  
erasing tape 52  
error code log  
compressed data transfer rate  
configuring drive to server, switch, or hub 29  
connections  
1
clearing 42  
displaying 42  
viewing 76  
Fibre Channel 27, 29  
Library/Drive Interface (LDI or RS-422) 28, 29  
power 27  
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117  
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errors  
descriptions and corrective actions 67  
G
getting help 104  
Fibre Channel 79  
media 82  
methods of receiving 66  
obtaining from AS/400 or iSeries servers 71  
obtaining from RS/6000 or pSeries servers 72  
reported to enclosure 66  
reported to server 71, 77  
reported to tape drive error log 76  
SCSI bus 77  
TapeAlert flags 97  
troubleshooting tips 65  
using sense data 71  
H
hard addressing  
head, testing 44  
7
height of tape drive 11  
help, getting 104  
host sense data 71  
HP  
device driver support  
9
supported server and operating system  
HP-UX  
9
9
exiting maintenance mode 45  
I
F
ID, setting loop 19  
fabric, switched  
6
ID, setting SCSI 17  
fast read/write test 43  
FC-AL topology  
FCC statement 102  
feature switches  
inserting a tape cartridge 34  
insertion guide, location 47, 48  
installing the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
Fibre Channel drive (Model T400F) 8, 13  
SCSI drive (Model T400) 5, 13  
Intel-compatible servers  
6
Fibre Channel 15  
SCSI 14  
Federal Communications Commission (FCC)  
statement 102  
Fibre Channel drive  
device driver support  
9
supported server and operating system  
internal jam, fixing 88  
iSeries server  
3
assigning an address  
cables  
connectivity  
7
8
device driver support  
obtaining error information from 71  
supported server and operating system  
9
3
FC configuration/status connector 15  
Fibre Channel connector 8, 15, 29  
fixing errors 79  
3
installing 8, 13  
rear view 15  
removing 8, 84  
J
J33 connector 1, 4, 15  
resetting  
8
setting an ID 19  
speed 7, 24  
supported topologies  
L
6
label area, on Ultrium Tape Cartridge 47, 48  
label, for Ultrium Tape Cartridge 48  
laser safety notice viii, 6  
use of SCSI protocol 1, 6  
World Wide Node Name  
World Wide Port Name  
wrap test 40  
8
8
leader pin  
location in tape cartridge 47, 48  
reattaching to tape 57  
repositioning in cartridge 55  
leader pin reattachment kit 58, 95  
LED 31, 32  
Fibre Channel interface 1, 6  
Fibre Channel-Arbitrated Loop topology  
firmware  
6
recovery from error 32  
updating  
length of tape drive 11  
from FMR tape 32, 37, 46  
through Library Drive Interface 45  
through SCSI or Fibre Channel interface 32, 45  
fixing an internal jam 88  
FMR tape  
Library/Drive (LDI) wrap test, running 41  
Library/Drive Interface (LDI or RS-422)  
connecting to the tape drive 28, 29  
updating firmware from 45  
Library/Drive Interface (LDI or RS-422) connector  
Fibre Channel drive 15  
converting to scratch tape 41  
creating 37  
SCSI drive 14  
updating firmware from 37, 46  
forcing a drive dump 38  
LID  
description 7, 19  
setting to add LIDs 19, 22  
setting to get status of loop 19, 20  
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LID/status connector 15  
light-emitting diode 31, 32  
Linear Tape-Open (LTO) Cartridge Memory (CM) 47,  
48  
link services, changing 24  
Linux  
device driver support  
supported server and operating system  
load and unload cycle life for data cartridge 48  
loading a tape cartridge 34  
loop identifier (LID)  
P
panic reset, performing 33  
placing the tape drive in maintenance mode 36  
point-to-point connection  
port, Fibre Channel  
power  
6
6
9
connecting to tape drive 27  
connectors  
Fibre Channel 15  
SCSI 14  
specifications 11  
3
description 7, 19  
setting to add LIDs 19, 22  
setting to get status of loop 19, 20  
powering off the enclosure 16  
problems, resolving 66  
pSeries server  
low-power mode  
2
obtaining error information from 72  
supported server and operating system  
LTO cartridge memory 47  
3
M
R
maintenance functions  
read/write capability  
rear view  
2
clearing error code log 42  
converting an FMR tape to a scratch tape 41  
copying drive dump to tape 38  
creating FMR tape 37  
displaying error code log 42  
forcing drive dump 38  
Fibre Channel drive 15  
SCSI drive 14  
recording method, of tape drive 2, 48  
red dot 33  
relative humidity specifications  
for media 62  
inserting cartridge into tape drive 42  
selecting 36  
for tape drive 11  
updating firmware from FMR tape 37  
maintenance mode  
removing the tape drive from an enclosure  
Fibre Channel drive 8, 84  
SCSI drive 5, 83  
exiting 45  
placing the tape drive in 36  
selecting a maintenance or diagnostic function 36  
manual rewind tool, ordering 95  
manually removing a cartridge from the drive 85  
McDATA switch  
media-related errors 82  
media, using 47  
Microsoft Windows 2000  
device driver support  
supported server and operating system  
Microsoft Windows NT  
device driver support  
supported server and operating system  
models of Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
resetting the tape drive  
Fibre Channel drive  
panic reset 33  
5
SCSI drive  
8
6
RS-422 connector  
Fibre Channel drive 15  
SCSI drive 14  
RS-422 interface  
9
connecting to the tape drive 28  
updating firmware from 45  
RS-422 wrap test, running 41  
RS/6000  
3
3
9
device driver support  
9
1
obtaining error information from 72  
supported server and operating system  
RS/6000 SP  
mounting tape drive into an enclosure 26  
3
3
device driver support  
supported server and operating system  
9
N
native storage capacity  
1
native sustained data transfer rate  
1
S
safety notices, how to use vii  
SAN, supported components 1, 3  
SCSI drive  
O
operating systems, supported  
operating the tape drive 31  
3
assigning an address  
cables 4, 95  
5
ordering tape cartridges and supplies 63  
connecting to a bus 28  
fixing errors 77  
installing 5, 13  
Index 119  
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SCSI drive (continued)  
ordering a wrap tool 95  
rear view 14  
tape cartridge (continued)  
cartridge capacity, controlling 48  
cartridge door 48  
removing 5, 83  
cartridge memory 47  
resetting  
SCSI connector 14  
SCSI ID connector 14  
setting an ID 17  
5
cleaning cartridge 35, 47, 49  
compatible cartridges 2, 47  
data cartridge, description 47, 48  
data security 63  
supported servers and operating systems  
terminating 18  
3
degaussing 52, 63  
description 48  
type of connector  
1
dimension of tape 2, 48  
disposal of 63  
Fast Read/Write test 43  
handling 50  
type of interface 1, 4  
updating firmware from 45  
wrap test 39, 40  
SCSI interface 1, 4  
inserting 34  
SCSI wrap test, running 39  
security of data on cartridge 63  
sense data, using 71  
server  
label area 48  
labels 48  
leader pin  
reattaching 57  
configuring tape drive to 29  
resolving errors 77  
repositioning 55  
Linear Tape-Open Cartridge Memory (LTO-CM) 48  
load and unload cycles 48  
loading 34  
manually removing 85  
ordering 63  
recording method, of tape drive 2, 48  
relative humidity specifications 62  
removing 35  
supported  
3
updating firmware from 45  
servicing the tape drive 32, 83  
setting the Loop ID (AL_PA) 19  
setting the SCSI ID 17  
setting the write-protect switch 50  
single red dot 31, 33  
single-character display 31, 33  
resolving media-related problems 82  
specifications for media 62  
stacking 50  
temperature specifications 62  
Test Cartridge & Media diagnostic 43, 63, 82  
unloading 35  
sleep mode  
soft addressing  
Solaris  
2
7
3
specifications  
media 62  
power 11  
tape drive 11  
speed matching  
speed of Fibre Channel interface, changing 24  
stacking tape cartridges 53  
static electricity, precautions for avoiding 13  
statistical analysis and reporting system (SARS) 82  
status light 31, 32  
using a repaired cartridge 55  
wet bulb specifications 62  
write-protect switch 48, 50  
TapeAlert flags, supported 97  
temperature specifications  
for media 62  
2
for tape drive 11  
terminating the SCSI bus 18  
TERMPOWER, supplying for SCSI bus 18  
Test Cartridge & Media diagnostic 43, 82  
Test Head diagnostic 44  
tolerance, power 11  
storage area network (SAN)  
storage capacity  
Sun  
1
1
device driver support  
9
supported server and operating system  
supplies, ordering 95  
supplying TERMPOWER to the SCSI bus 18  
3
tools and supplies, ordering 95  
topologies, supported Fibre Channel  
topology, changing 24  
6
supported servers and operating systems  
supported TapeAlert flags 97  
3
troubleshooting tips 65  
Tru64, device driver support  
9
sustained data transfer rate  
3
two-node configuration  
6
switched fabric loop  
6
U
T
Ultra160 LVD SCSI interface 1, 4  
tape cartridge  
bar code labels  
ordering 64  
universal cleaning cartridge 35, 47, 49  
unload button 31, 33  
unloading a tape cartridge 35  
unpacking the Ultrium 2 Tape Drive 16  
placement on cartridge 48  
capacity 1, 2, 48  
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updating firmware  
from FMR tape 32, 37, 46  
through Library/Drive Interface (LDI or RS-422) 45  
through SCSI or Fibre Channel interface 32, 45  
V
viewing latest supported attachments  
voltage 11  
9
W
warranty 104  
weight of tape drive 11  
wet bulb temperature specifications  
for media 62  
for tape drive 11  
width of tape drive 11  
Windows 2000  
device driver support  
9
supported server and operating system  
Windows NT  
3
3
device driver support  
9
supported server and operating system  
World Wide Node Name  
World Wide Port Name  
wrap plugs, ordering 95  
wrap test, running  
8
8
Fibre Channel 40  
LDI (or RS-422) 41  
SCSI 39  
write-protect switch, location 47, 48, 50  
Index 121  
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122 IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium 2 Tape Drive  
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