Cisco Systems IP Phone OL 5375 01 User Manual

C H A P T E R  
5
HTTP Client Requests and Header  
Settings  
This chapter contains the following sections:  
HTTP Client Requests  
The following procedure designates how HTTP client requests are handled:  
The Cisco IP Phone HTTP client performs an HTTP GET for a specified  
URL.  
The HTPP server processes request and returns an XML object or plain text.  
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Chapter 5 HTTP Client Requests and Header Settings  
HTTP Header Settings  
2. After a very short time, it displays the numeric Cisco stock parameters.  
3. Finally, it shows a graph of Cisco intraday stock performance. The display  
then repeatedly cycles between the final two views.  
Figure 1  
Refresh Display Sample  
Refreshing the display can occur without user intervention, because the display  
automatically cycles if a timer parameter is specified. On any given screen,  
however, the user can force an immediate reload by pressing the Update softkey.  
Also, if a timer parameter of 0 was sent in the header, the page never automatically  
reloads. In this case, the display will move to the next page only when the Update  
softkey is pressed. If no refresh URL is specified, the current page gets reloaded.  
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Chapter 5 HTTP Client Requests and Header Settings  
HTTP Header Settings  
MIME Type and Other HTTP Headers  
Although delivering pages with the proper MIME type and other formatting items  
is not difficult, it requires moderately indepth knowledge of your web server. The  
following code excerpt, written in JavaScript and used with Microsoft IIS and  
ASP, sets these values in a few lines:  
<%@ Language=JavaScript %>  
<%  
Response.AddHeader( "Refresh",  
"3; url=http://services.cisco.com/s/q.asp");  
Response.ContentType = "text/xml";  
//  
// Additional page content here  
//  
%>  
Usually, you can set the MIME type for pages in any web server by simply  
performing an association to the .xml file extension. Your web server  
documentation should explain how to accomplish this. This action allows you to  
serve static pages without the need for writing script.  
If you want to deliver dynamic content by using the other supported HTTP  
headers, you will need to understand how to generate the HTTP headers by using  
the desired programming language and have common gateway interface (CGI) or  
script access on the target web server.  
Audio Clips  
You can serve audio clips to the phone from a web server by using the  
"audio/basic" MIME type setting. When this MIME type is used, the body of the  
response should contain raw audio data in the same format that is used for custom  
Cisco IP Phone rings. Refer to the chapter on “Custom Phone Rings” in the  
Cisco CallManager System Guide (also available in the online help).  
Note  
The audio file should not be longer than 5 seconds.  
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Chapter 5 HTTP Client Requests and Header Settings  
HTTP Header Settings  
Use the following ASP sample script to set the MIME type and to serve the file  
that is specified in the #include command:  
<%@ Language=JavaScript%>  
<%  
Response.ContentType = "audio/basic";  
%><!--#include file="filename.raw" --><% Response.End();%>  
Using script to generate the MIME header when playing a sound provides an  
advantage because you may also include a refresh header to take the phone to a  
subsequent URL. Usually, you can set the MIME type for pages in any web server  
by simply performing an association to the .xml or .raw file extension. Your web  
server documentation should explain how to accomplish this. This action allows  
you to serve static pages without the need for writing script.  
Content Expiration Header Setting  
The expiration header can control which URLs are added to the phone URL  
history. This behavior differs slightly from traditional web browsers but is  
implemented to perform the same function. Disable the back button functionality  
to avoid calling a URL twice.  
This functionality allows you to make the content of any page that is sent to the  
phone expire. When a user presses the Exit softkey, the user goes back to the last  
URL that did not expire when it was loaded. This differs from traditional browsers  
by not considering the current freshness of the data but the freshness of the data  
when the URL was requested. This requires you to have a page expire when it is  
first loaded and to not set a time and date in the future.  
The following example shows how to have content on IIS expire by using  
Active Server Page (ASP):  
<%@ Language=JavaScript %>  
<%  
Response.ContentType = "text/xml";  
Response.Expires = -1;  
%>  
The "Expires" property specifies the number of minutes to wait for the content to  
expire. Setting this value to -1 subtracts 1 minute from the request time and  
returns a date and time that have already passed.  
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Chapter 5 HTTP Client Requests and Header Settings  
Identifying the Capabilities of IP Phone Clients  
Identifying the Capabilities of IP Phone Clients  
Because XML services are now supported across a wide range of  
Cisco IP Phones, web application servers now need to identify the capabilities of  
the requesting IP phone to optimize the content returned to the phone. For  
example, if the requesting phone is a Cisco IP Phone 7960, which cannot support  
color PNG images, the application server must be able to identify this and return  
a grayscale CIP image instead.  
The IP phone client request to send the relevant information from the IP phone to  
the web server application includes three (3) HTTP headers:  
x-CiscoIPPhoneModelName  
This Cisco-proprietary header contains the Cisco manufacturing Model Name of  
the device, which can typically be found by going to Settings->Model  
Information, but varies between different models. Some examples of  
manufacturing Model Names are CP-7960, CP-7960G, CP-7940G, CP-7905G,  
and CP-7970G.  
x-CiscoIPPhoneDisplay  
This Cisco-proprietary header contains the display capabilities of the requesting  
device with the following four parameters (listed in the order they appear):  
Width (in pixels)  
Height (in pixels)  
Color depth (in bits)  
A single character indicating whether the display is color (''C'') or grayscale  
(''G'')  
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Chapter 5 HTTP Client Requests and Header Settings  
Accept Header  
These parameters get separated by commas as shown in the following example of  
a Cisco IP Phone 7970 header:  
x-CiscoIPPhoneDisplay: 298, 168, 12, C  
Note  
The pixel resolutions advertised by the device define the area of the display  
accessible by the phone services; not the actual resolution of the display.  
x-CiscoIPPhoneSDKVersion  
This Cisco-proprietary header contains the version of the IP Phone Services SDK  
the requesting phone supports. Knowing the supported SDK version helps in  
understanding, among other things, which URIs get supported. Support for  
individual URIs (unlike the XML objects) does not get explicitly enumerated in  
an HTTP header. The developer therefore must check the <<Supported URIs  
Matrix>>in the IP Phone Services SDK, so the developer application will know,  
based on the Phone Model Name and supported SDK version, whether a specific  
URI (or specific feature/version of a URI) gets supported.  
Refer to the <<Supported URIs Matrix>>to find out which IP phone models  
support the URIs that are documented in this SDK.  
Note  
Beginning with the IP Phone Services SDK 3.3(3), the SDK version number  
matches the minimum Cisco CallManager software that is required to support it.  
For example, SDK version 3.3(4) gets supported only on Cisco CallManager  
version 3.3(4) or later.  
Accept Header  
The Accept header represents a standard HTTP header that is used to inform web  
servers about the content-handling capabilities of the client.  
Cisco IP Phones include proprietary content-types to indicate which XML objects  
are supported. These proprietary content-types all begin with x-CiscoIPPhone, to  
indicate Cisco IP Phone XML objects, followed by a slash "/", followed by either  
a specific XML object or a "*" to indicate all objects.  
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Chapter 5 HTTP Client Requests and Header Settings  
Accept Header  
For example, x-CiscoIPPhone/* indicates that all XML objects defined in the  
specified version of the SDK are supported, and x-CiscoIPPhone/Menu specifies  
that the <CiscoIPPhoneMenu>object gets supported.  
As the example illustrates, the name of the XML object can be derived directly  
from the content-type by appending the sub-type (the part after the slash) onto  
"CiscoIPPhone." The content-type can also include an optional version to indicate  
support for a particular SDK version of that object. If a version is not specified,  
then the x-CiscoIPPhoneSDKVersion is implied. The syntax of the version  
number may vary, but, in general, will be as follows:  
<major version>.<minor version>.<maintenance version>  
Here are some examples of typical content-types:  
x-CiscoIPPhone/*;version=3.3.3  
x-CiscoIPPhone/Text  
x-CiscoIPPhone/Menu;version=3.3.4  
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