AVT Oscar
Technical Manual
V2.4.0
15 August 2008
Allied Vision Technologies GmbH
Taschenweg 2a
D-07646 Stadtroda / Germany
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Contents
Introduction............................................................................................................ 9
Document history .......................................................................................................... 9
Styles..................................................................................................................... 14
Symbols.................................................................................................................. 14
OSCAR cameras..................................................................................................17
Declarations of conformity...........................................................................18
Filter and lenses.................................................................................................19
Specifications.......................................................................................................21
Oscar F-320C................................................................................................................ 21
Oscar F-510C................................................................................................................ 23
Oscar F-810C................................................................................................................ 25
Camera dimensions ..........................................................................................29
Camera interfaces .............................................................................................35
Camera I/O pin assignment............................................................................................ 36
Inputs.................................................................................................................... 39
Triggers.............................................................................................................. 39
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IO_INP_CTRL 1-2 ............................................................................................... 41
Trigger delay....................................................................................................... 42
IO_OUTP_CTRL 1-2............................................................................................. 46
Description of the data path........................................................................52
Block diagram of the cameras......................................................................................... 52
White balance.............................................................................................................. 59
Automatic white balance........................................................................................... 63
Auto gain.................................................................................................................... 65
Loading a shading image into the camera.................................................................... 82
Sub-sampling............................................................................................................... 88
Which Oscar models have sub-sampling?...................................................................... 88
High SNR mode (High Signal Noise Ratio).................................................................... 89
Color interpolation (BAYER demosaicing)..................................................................... 91
Why color correction?........................................................................................... 92
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GretagMacbeth ColorChecker.................................................................................. 92
Color conversion (RGB ꢀ YUV) ....................................................................................... 93
Hue and Saturation....................................................................................................... 93
Controlling image capture ..........................................................................100
Trigger modi.............................................................................................................. 100
Edge mode (Trigger_Mode_0)................................................................................... 100
Bulk trigger (Trigger_Mode_15)................................................................................ 102
Split shutter.......................................................................................................... 108
Exposure time (shutter) and offset................................................................................ 111
Exposure time offset............................................................................................... 111
One-shot................................................................................................................... 113
Multi-shot ................................................................................................................. 115
Jitter at start of exposure............................................................................................ 116
HoldImg mode....................................................................................................... 118
FastCapture ........................................................................................................... 119
Video formats: Oscar F-320C......................................................................................... 121
Video formats: Oscar F-510C......................................................................................... 123
Video formats: Oscar F-810C......................................................................................... 127
Oscar F-320C: AOI frame rates.................................................................................. 136
Oscar F-320C: interlaced mode............................................................................. 137
Oscar F-510C: AOI frame rates.................................................................................. 138
Oscar F-810C: AOI frame rates.................................................................................. 140
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Configuration of the camera......................................................................145
Configuration ROM...................................................................................................... 148
Inquiry register for feature elements......................................................................... 165
Status and control register for one-push.................................................................... 169
Quadlet offset Format_7 Mode_0.......................................................................... 173
Quadlet offset Format_7 Mode_1.......................................................................... 173
Test images........................................................................................................... 186
Frame information.................................................................................................. 190
Auto shutter control............................................................................................... 192
Auto gain control................................................................................................... 192
Autofunction AOI................................................................................................... 193
Soft Reset............................................................................................................. 196
High SNR mode (High Signal Noise Ratio).................................................................. 197
User profiles.......................................................................................................... 198
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Stored settings.................................................................................................. 199
Firmware update...............................................................................................202
Appendix................................................................................................................203
Index.........................................................................................................................204
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Contacting Allied Vision Technologies
Contacting Allied Vision Technologies
Info
• Technical information:
support@alliedvisiontec.com
phone (for Germany): +49 (0)36428 677-270
phone (for USA): +1 978-225-2030
outside Germany/USA: Please check the link for your
local dealer.
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http://www.alliedvisiontec.com/partner.html
• Ordering and commercial information:
customer-care@alliedvisiontec.com
phone (for Germany): +49 (0)36428 677-230
phone (for USA): +1 978-225-2030
outside Germany/USA: Please check the link for your
local dealer.
http://www.alliedvisiontec.com/partner.html
Please note order number/text given in the
AVT Modular Camera Concept.
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Introduction
Introduction
This OSCAR Technical Manual describes in depth the technical specifica-
tions, dimensions, all camera features (IIDC standard and AVT smart fea-
tures) and their registers, trigger features, all video and color formats, band-
width and frame rate calculation.
For information on hardware installation, safety warnings, pin assignments
on I/O connectors and 1394a connectors read the Hardware Installation
Guide.
Note
Please read through this manual carefully.
We assume that you have read already the Hardware
Installation Guide and that you have installed the hard-
ware and software on your PC or laptop (FireWire card,
cables).
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Document history
Version
1.0
Date
Remarks
10.05.2005
25.08.2005
First issue
1.1
Oscar F-510C: firmware 1.05/3.00; minor corrections and clari-
fications
2.0.0
14.03.2006
Manual compliant to firmware 3.03, added feature user profiles,
minor corrections
2.0.1
2.1.0
15.03.2006
28.06.2006
All Oscar cameras are Class B compliant.
New layout, manual compliant to firmware 3.04, RoHS confor-
mity, minor corrections
2.1.1
18.09.2006
Corrected BAYER demosaicing interpolation formula (Chapter
Minor corrections
2.2.0
26.10.2006
Added Format_7 binning modes for Oscar F-510C (Chapter
Minor corrections
to be continued on next page
Table 1: Document history
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Introduction
Version
Date
Remarks
continued from last page
Minor corrections
2.3.0
23.02.2007
New jitter values at start of exposure, camera idle (Chapter
2.3.1
2.4.0
23.03.2007
15.08.08
Minor corrections
Added detailed description of WHITE-BALANCE (80Ch) in Table
Moved AVT Glossary from Appendix of OSCAR Technical Manual
to AVT Website.
to be continued on next page
Table 1: Document history
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Introduction
Version
Date
Remarks
continued from last page
Restructuring of Oscar Technical Manual:
2.4.0
15.08.08
[continued]
[continued]
– Safety instructions moved to Hardware Installation
Guide, Chapter Safety instructions and AVT camera
cleaning instructions
– Environmental conditions moved to Oscar Instruction
Leaflet
– Infos on C-Mounting moved to Hardware Installation
Guide, Chapter Changing filters safety instructions
– Infos on System components and Environmental condi-
tions moved to Oscar Instruction Leaflet
• Binning / sub-sampling modes and color modes are only
• Moved detailed description of the camera interfaces
(FireWire, I/O connector), ordering numbers and operat-
ing instructions to the Hardware Installation Guide.
to be continued on next page
Table 1: Document history
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Introduction
Version
Date
Remarks
continued from last page
2.4.0
15.08.08
[continued]
[continued]
Added cross-reference from upload LUT to GPDATA_BUFFER in
Added cross-reference from upload/download shading image to
GPDATA_BUFFER in:
Added little endian vs. big endian byte order in Chapter
New measurement of IntEna signals, therefore new offsets in
New photo of LED positions in Figure 13: Position of Status LEDs
Table 1: Document history
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Introduction
Manual overview
This manual overview describes each chapter of this manual shortly.
• Chapter Contacting Allied Vision Technologies on page 10 lists AVT con-
tact data for both:
– technical information / ordering
– commercial information
history, a manual overview and conventions used in this manual (styles
and symbols). Furthermore you learn how to get more information on
how to install hardware (Hardware Installation Guide), available AVT
software (incl. documentation) and where to get it.
STINGRAY cameras with their FireWire technology. Links are provided to
data sheets and brochures on AVT website.
about conformity of AVT cameras.
able camera lenses.
sitivity diagrams for each camera type.
dard housing (copper and GOF) models, tripod adapter, available angled
head models, cross sections of CS-Mount and C-Mount.
outputs of the cameras (incl. Trigger features). For a general description
of the interfaces (FireWire and I/O connector) see Hardware Installa-
tion Guide.
conform as well as AVT-specific camera features.
exposure time, one-shot/multi-shot/ISO_Enable features. Additionally
special AVT features are described: sequence mode and secure image
signature (SIS).
able fixed and Format_7 modes (incl. color modes, frame rates, binning/
sub-sampling, AOI=area of interest).
some considerations on bandwidth details.
advanced register descriptions of all camera features.
on firmware updates and explains the extended version number scheme
of FPGA/µC.
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Introduction
cameras.
this manual.
Conventions used in this manual
To give this manual an easily understood layout and to emphasize important
information, the following typographical styles and symbols are used:
Styles
Style
Function
Example
Bold
Programs, inputs or highlighting bold
important things
Courier
Code listings etc.
Register
Input
REGISTER
Mode
Upper case
Italics
Modes, fields
Links
Parentheses and/or blue
(Link)
Table 2: Styles
Symbols
Note
This symbol highlights important information.
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Caution
a
www
This symbol highlights important instructions. You have to
follow these instructions to avoid malfunctions.
This symbol highlights URLs for further information. The URL
itself is shown in blue Color.
Example:
Ý
http://www.alliedvisiontec.com
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Introduction
More information
For more information on hardware and software read the following:
• Hardware Installation Guide describes the hardware installation proce-
dures for all 1394 AVT cameras (Dolphin, Oscar, Marlin, Guppy, Pike,
Stingray). Additionally you get safety instructions and information
about camera interfaces (IEEE1394a/b copper and GOF, I/O connectors,
input and output).
Note
You find the Hardware Installation Guide on the product CD
in the following directory:
products\cameras-general
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www
All software packages (including documentation and
release notes) provided by AVT can be downloaded at:
www.alliedvisiontec.com/avt-products/software.html
All software packages are also on AVT’s product CD.
Ý
Before operation
We place the highest demands for quality on our cameras.
Target group This Technical Manual is the guide to detailed technical information of the
camera and is written for experts.
Getting started For a quick guide how to get started read Hardware Installation Guide first.
Note
Please read through this manual carefully before operat-
ing the camera.
For information on AVT accessories and AVT software read
Hardware Installation Guide.
L
Caution
a
Before operating any AVT camera read safety instructions
and ESD warnings in Hardware Installation Guide.
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Introduction
Note
To demonstrate the properties of the camera, all examples in
this manual are based on the FirePackage OHCI API software
and the SmartView application.
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www
These utilities can be obtained from Allied Vision
Technologies (AVT). A free version of SmartView is available
for download at:
Ý
Note
The camera also works with all IIDC (formerly DCAM) compat-
ible IEEE 1394 programs and image processing libraries.
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OSCAR cameras
OSCAR cameras
Oscar With Oscar cameras, entry into the world of digital image processing is sim-
pler and more cost-effective than ever before.
High image quality With the new Oscar, Allied Vision Technologies presents a whole series of
attractive digital camera models of the FireWire™ type. The multi-megapixel
resolutions, image pre-processing functions, frame grabbing functions and
robust industrial casings make them highly suitable for a wide range of dif-
ferent applications.
Price-performance In this price class the Oscar sets new standards.
Image applications Oscar cameras offer the perfect solution for applications in medical, micros-
copy and general digital image processing.
FireWire The industry standard IEEE 1394 (FireWire or i.Link) facilitates the simplest
computer compatibility and bidirectional data transfer using the plug-and-
play process. Further development of the IEEE 1394 standard has already
made 800 Mbit/second possible – and the FireWire roadmap is already envis-
aging 1600 Mbit/second, with 3.2 Gbit/second as the next step. Investment
in this standard is therefore secure for the future; each further development
takes into account compatibility with the preceding standard, and vice versa,
meaning that IEEE 1394b is backward-compatible with IEEE 1394a. Your
applications will grow as technical progress advances.
High quality images Operating in 12-bit mode, the cameras provide outstanding image quality
under almost all conditions. The Oscar is equipped with an asynchronous trig-
ger, true partial scan and numerous smart features for image processing and
microscopy. With resolutions of 3, 5 and 8 Megapixel the cameras offer unri-
valled solutions for many extreme high resolution applications.
The OSCAR family consists of the following models:
www
For further information on the highlights of OSCAR types,
the OSCAR family and the whole range of AVT FireWire cam-
eras read the data sheets and brochures on the website of
Allied Vision Technologies:
Ý
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Declarations of conformity
Declarations of conformity
Allied Vision Technologies declares under its sole responsibility that the fol-
lowing products
Category Name
Model Name
OSCAR F-320C
OSCAR F-510C
OSCAR F-810C
Digital camera (IEEE 1394)
Table 3: Model names
to which this declaration relates is in conformity with the following stan-
dard(s) or other normative document(s):
• FCC Class B
• CE (following the provisions of 2004/108/EG directive)
• RoHS (2002/95/EC)
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Filter and lenses
Filter and lenses
IR cut filter: spectral transmission
The following illustration shows the spectral transmission of the IR cut filter:
Figure 1: Spectral transmission of Jenofilt 217
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Filter and lenses
Camera lenses
AVT offers different lenses from a variety of manufacturers. The following
table lists selected image formats in width x height depending on camera
type, distance and the focal length of the lens.
Note
Due to its extreme high resolution, OSCAR cameras place high
demands on the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the
lens.
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If in doubt, ask your dealer for the best lens to fit your appli-
cation needs.
Focal length
Distance = 0.5 m
Distance = 1 m
for type 1/1.8 sensor
OSCAR F-320C
4.8 mm
8 mm
740 mm x 549 mm
441 mm x 327 mm
292 mm x 216 mm
217 mm x 161 mm
136 mm x 101 mm
95 mm x 71 mm
1488 mm x 1103 mm
890 mm x 660 mm
591 mm x 438 mm
441 mm x 327 mm
280 mm x 207 mm
198 mm x 147 mm
136 mm x 101 mm
12 mm
16 mm
25 mm
35 mm
50 mm
65 mm x 48 mm
Table 4: Focal length vs. field of view (OSCAR F-320C)
Focal length
Distance = 0.5 m
Distance = 1 m
for type 2/3 sensor
OSCAR F-510C/F-810C
4.8 mm
8 mm
908 mm x 681 mm
541 mm x 406 mm
358 mm x 268 mm
266 mm x 200 mm
167 mm x 125 mm
117 mm x 88 mm
79 mm x 59 mm
1825 mm x 1368 mm
1091 mm x 818 mm
725 mm x 543 mm
541 mm x 406 mm
343 mm x 257 mm
243 mm x 182 mm
167 mm x 125 mm
12 mm
16 mm
25 mm
35 mm
50 mm
Table 5: Focal length vs. field of view (OSCAR F-510C/F-810C)
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Specifications
Specifications
Note
Oscar cameras are always equipped with color sensors.
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Note
For information on bit/pixel and byte/pixel for each color
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Oscar F-320C
Feature
Specification
Image device
Type 1/1.8 (diag. 8.93 mm) frame readout SONY CCD ICX-262AQ
with HAD microlens
Chip size
8.10 mm x 6.64 mm
Cell Size
3.45 µm x 3.45 µm
Picture size (max.)
Lens mount
2080 x 1540 pixels (Format_7 Mode_0)
C-Mount: 17.526 mm (in air); Ø 25.4 mm (32 tpi)
adjustable from 17.3 mm to 22.5 mm
Mechanical flange back to filter distance: 10.5 mm
33)
ADC
12 bit
Color modes
Mono8; Y8-green, Y8-red, Y8-blue; RAW8/16; RGB8; YUV4:2:2;
YUV4:1:1
Frame rates
3.75 fps; 7.5 fps; 15 fps; 30 fps
Up to 6.59 fps in Format_7 frame readout
Up to 39.31 fps in Format_7 progressive
Gain control
Manual: 0-20 dB (0.035 dB/step); auto gain (select. AOI)
66 µs …67.108.864 µs (~67s); auto shutter (select. AOI)
Shutter speed
Table 6: Specification Oscar F-320C
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Specifications
Feature
Specification
External trigger shutter
Trigger Mode_0, Trigger_Mode_1 (progressive scan, Format_7
Mode_0); advanced feature: Trigger_Mode_15 (bulk); image transfer
by command; trigger delay
Internal FIFO memory
Look-up tables
32 MByte, optional up to 256 MByte
One, user programmable (12 bit ꢀ 8/12 bit); gamma (0.5)
Smart functions
Real time shading correction, High SNR mode (image summation),
image mirror (L-R Q R-L), sub-sampling, user profiles
AWB (auto white balance), color correction, hue, saturation,
Two configurable inputs, two configurable outputs
RS-232 port (serial port, IIDC V1.31)
100 Mbit/s, 200 Mbit/s, 400 Mbit/s
IEEE 1394a IIDC v. 1.3
Transfer rate
Digital interface
Power requirements
Power consumption
Dimensions
DC 8 V - 36 V via IEEE 1394 cable or 12-pin HIROSE
3.6 watt (@ 12 V DC)
72.5 mm x 44 mm x 44 mm (L x W x H); without tripod and lens
<170 g (without lens and tripod)
+5 ... +45 °Celsius
Mass
Operating temperature
Storage temperature
Regulations
-10 ... +60 °Celsius
CE, FCC Class B, RoHS (2002/95/EC)
IR cut filter
Standard accessories
Optional accessories
On request
Protection glass, locking IEEE 1394 cable
Host adapter card, angled head
Software packages
API (FirePackage, Active FirePackage, Fire4Linux)
Table 6: Specification Oscar F-320C
Note
The design and specifications for the products described
above may change without notice.
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Specifications
Oscar F-510C
Feature
Specification
Image device
Type 2/3 (diag. 11 mm) frame readout SONY CCD ICX-282AQ with
HAD microlens
Chip size
9.74 mm x 7.96 mm
Cell Size
3.4 µm x 3.4 µm
Picture size (max.)
Lens mount
2588 x 1958 pixels (Format_7 Mode_0)
C-Mount: 17.526 mm (in air); Ø 25.4 mm (32 tpi)
adjustable from 17.3 mm to 22.5 mm
Mechanical flange back to filter distance: 10.5 mm
33)
ADC
12 bit
Color modes
Mono8; Y8-green, Y8-red, Y8-blue; RAW8/16; RGB8; YUV4:2:2;
YUV4:1:1
Frame rates
1.875 fps; 3.75 fps; 7.5 fps
Up to 3.8 fps in Format_7 frame readout
Up to 7.59 fps in Format_7 progressive
Gain control
Manual: 0-20 dB (0.035 dB/step); auto gain (select. AOI)
94 µs …67.108.864 µs (~67s); auto shutter (select. AOI)
Shutter speed
External trigger shutter
Trigger Mode_0, Trigger_Mode_1 (progressive scan, Format_7
Mode_0); advanced feature: Trigger_Mode_15 (bulk); image transfer
by command; trigger delay
Internal FIFO memory
Look-up tables
32 MByte, optional up to 256 MByte
One, user programmable (12 bit ꢀ 8/12 bit); gamma (0.5)
Smart functions
Real time shading correction, High SNR mode (image summation),
image mirror (L-R Q R-L), sub-sampling, binning, user profiles
AWB (auto white balance), color correction, hue, saturation,
Two configurable inputs, two configurable outputs
RS-232 port (serial port, IIDC V1.31)
100 Mbit/s, 200 Mbit/s, 400 Mbit/s
Transfer rate
Digital interface
Power requirements
Power consumption
Dimensions
IEEE 1394a IIDC v. 1.3
DC 8 V - 36 V via IEEE 1394 cable or 12-pin HIROSE
3.6 watt (@ 12 V DC)
72.5 mm x 44 mm x 44 mm (L x W x H); without tripod and lens
Table 7: Specification Oscar F-510C
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Specifications
Feature
Specification
Mass
<170 g (without lens and tripod)
+5 ... +45 °Celsius
Operating temperature
Storage temperature
Regulations
-10 ... +60 °Celsius
CE, FCC Class B, RoHS (2002/95/EC)
IR cut filter
Standard accessories
Optional accessories
On request
Protection glass, locking IEEE 1394 cable
Host adapter card, angled head
API (FirePackage, Active FirePackage, Fire4Linux)
Software packages
Table 7: Specification Oscar F-510C
Note
The design and specifications for the products described
above may change without notice.
L
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Specifications
Oscar F-810C
Feature
Specification
Image device
Type 2/3 (diag. 11.07 mm) frame readout SONY CCD ICX-456AQ with
HAD microlens
Chip size
9.79 mm x 7.93 mm
Cell size
2.7 µm x 2.7 µm
Picture size (max.)
Lens mount
3272 x 2469 pixels (Format_7 Mode_0)
C-Mount: 17.526 mm (in air); Ø 25.4 mm (32 tpi)
adjustable from 17.3 mm to 22.5 mm
Mechanical flange back to filter distance: 10.5 mm
33)
ADC
12 bit
Color modes
Mono8; Y8-green, Y8-red, Y8-blue; Raw8/16; RGB8; YUV422;
YUV411
Frame rates
3.75 fps; 7.5 fps
Up to 3.15 fps in Format_7 frame readout
Up to 8.88 fps in Format_7 progressive
Manual: 0-20 dB (0.035 dB/step); auto gain (select. AOI)
118 µs …67.108.864 µs (~67s); auto shutter (select. AOI)
Gain control
Shutter speed
External trigger shutter
Trigger Mode_0, Trigger_Mode_1 (progr. scan, Format_7 Mode_0);
advanced feature: Trigger_Mode_15 (bulk); image transfer by com-
mand; trigger delay
Internal FIFO memory
Look-up tables
64 MByte, optional up to 256 MByte
One, user programmable (12 bit ꢀ 8/12 bit); gamma (0.5)
Smart functions
Real time shading correction, High SNR mode (image summation),
image mirror (L-R Q R-L), sub-sampling, user profiles
AWB (auto white balance), color correction, hue, saturation
Two configurable inputs, two configurable outputs
RS-232 port (serial port, IIDC V1.31)
100 Mbit/s, 200 Mbit/s, 400 Mbit/s
Transfer rate
Digital interface
Power requirements
Power consumption
Dimensions
IEEE 1394a IIDC v. 1.3
DC 8 V - 36 V via IEEE 1394 cable or 12-pin HIROSE
3.6 watt (@ 12 V DC)
72.5 mm x 44 mm x 44 mm (L x W x H); without tripod and lens
Table 8: Specification Oscar F-810C
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Specifications
Feature
Specification
Mass
<170 g (without lens and tripod)
+5 ... +45 °Celsius
Operating temperature
Storage temperature
Regulations
-10 ... +60 °Celsius
CE, FCC Class B, RoHS (2002/95/EC)
IR cut filter
Standard accessories
Optional accessories
On request
Protection glass, locking IEEE 1394 cable
Host adapter card, angled head
API (FirePackage, Active FirePackage, Fire4Linux)
Software packages
Table 8: Specification Oscar F-810C
Note
The design and specifications for the products described
above may change without notice.
L
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Camera dimensions
Camera dimensions
Note
For information on sensor position accuracy:
(sensor shift x/y, optical back focal length z and sensor rota-
L
Oscar standard housing
☺
Body size: 72.5 mm x 44 mm x 44 mm (L x W x H)
Mass: 170 g (without lens)
Figure 5: Camera dimensions
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Camera dimensions
Oscar W90
This version has the sensor tilted by 90 degrees clockwise, so that it views
upwards.
Note
An additional specification is required for the rotation of the
sensor.
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Figure 6: Oscar W90
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Camera dimensions
Oscar W270
This version has the sensor tilted by 270 degrees clockwise, so that it views
downwards.
Please note that an additional specification is required for the rotation of the
sensor.
Figure 7: Oscar W270
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Camera dimensions
Adjustment of C-Mount
Oscar cameras allow the precise adjustment of the back focus of the C-Mount
by means of a back focus ring which is threaded into the C-Mount and held
by two screws on either side of the camera. The mechanical adjustment of
the imaging device is important in order to achieve a perfect alignment with
the focal point of the lens.
This adjustment is made before leaving the factory to conform to the stan-
dard of 17.526 mm and should normally not require adjustment in the field.
However, if the back focal plane of your lens does not conform to the C-
Mount back-focus specification, renewed adjustment may be required in the
field.
Figure 10: Back focus adjustment
How to proceed:
1. Loosen screws (location as shown above by arrow) with an Allen key
(1.3 x 50; Order#: K 9020411).
2. With the lens set to infinity or a known focus distance, set the camera
to view an object located at 'infinity' or the known distance.
3. Rotate the C-Mount ring and lens forward or backwards on its thread
until the object is in sharp focus. Be careful that the lens remains
seated in the C-Mount.
4. Once focus is achieved, tighten the two locking screws without applying
excessive torque.
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Camera interfaces
Camera interfaces
This chapter gives you detailed information on status LEDs, inputs and out-
puts, trigger features and transmission of data packets.
Note
For a detailed description of the camera interfaces
(FireWire, I/O connector), ordering numbers and operat-
ing instructions see the Hardware Installation Guide,
Chapter Camera interfaces.
L
Read all Notes and Cautions in the Hardware Installation
Guide, before using any interfaces.
IEEE 1394a port pin assignment
The IEEE 1394 plug is designed for industrial use and has the following pin
assignment as per specification:
Pin
1
Signal
Cable power
Cable GND
TPB-
2
3
4
TPB+
5
TPA-
6
TPA+
Figure 11: IEEE 1394a connector
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Camera interfaces
Camera I/O pin assignment
Pin Signal
Direction Level
GND for RS232 and
Description
1
External GND
External ground for RS232
and external power
ext. power
2
3
4
External Power
Camera In 1
+8 ... +36 V DC
Power supply
In
Uin(high) = 2 V...UinVCC Camera Input 1
(GPIn1)
default: Trigger
Uin(low) = 0 V...0.8 V
1
9
2
10
8
5
6
3
11 12
5
7
4
6
Camera Out 1
Out
In
Open emitter
Camera Output 1
(GPOut1)
default: IntEna
7
Camera In GND
Common GND for
inputs
Camera Common Input
Ground
(In GND)
8
9
RxD RS232
TxD RS232
In
RS232
RS232
Terminal Receive Data
Terminal Transmit Data
Out
10 Camera Out Power In
Common VCC for
outputs
max. 36 V DC
Camera Output Power
for digital outputs
(OutVCC)
11 Camera In 2
12 Camera Out 2
In
Uin(high) = 2 V...UinVCC Camera Input 2
(GPIn2)
default: -
Uin(low) = 0 V...0.8 V
Out
Open emitter
Camera Output 2
(GPOut2)
default: -
Figure 12: Camera I/O connector pin assignment
Note
GP = General Purpose
For a detailed description of the I/O connector and its oper-
ating instructions see the Hardware Installation Guide,
Chapter OSCAR input description.
L
Read all Notes and Cautions in the Hardware Installation
Guide, before using the I/O connector.
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Camera interfaces
Status LEDs
Status LEDs
Figure 13: Position of Status LEDs
On LED
The green power LED indicates that the camera is being supplied with suffi-
cient voltage and is ready for operation.
Status LED (yellow)
The following states are displayed via the LED:
State
Description
Com
Asynchronous and isochronous data transmission
active (indicated asynchronously to transmission
over the 1394 bus)
Trg
LED off - waiting for external trigger
LED on - receiving external trigger
Table 9: LED indication
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Blink codes are used to signal warnings or error states:
Warning
1 blink
DCAM
2 blinks
MISC
3 blinks
FPGA
4 blinks
Stack
5 blinks
Class S1
Error codes S2
FPGA boot error
Stack setup
1-5 blinks
1 blink
Stack start
2 blinks
No FLASH object
No DCAM object
Register mapping
1 blink
1 blink
2 blinks
VMode_ERROR_STATUS 1 blink
FORMAT_7_ERROR_1
FORMAT_7_ERROR_2
2 blinks
3 blinks
Table 10: Error codes
The longer OFF-time of 3.5 sec. signals the beginning of a new class period.
The error codes follow after a shorter OFF-time of 1.5 sec.
Example 3.5 sec. ꢀ one blink ꢀ 1.5 sec. ꢀ 2 blinks
indicates a warning: Format_7_Error_1
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Camera interfaces
Control and video data signals
The inputs and outputs of the camera can be configured by software. The dif-
ferent modes are described below.
Inputs
Note
For a general description of the inputs and warnings see the
Hardware Installation Guide, Chapter OSCAR input descrip-
tion.
L
Polarity
selectable
via software
Opto-
Coupler
Input signal
Trigger-
AND
Input
Input state
Input 2, if set to trigger
Figure 14: Input block diagram
Triggers
All inputs configured as triggers are linked by logical AND function. If two
inputs are being used as triggers, a high signal at the output of the block
must be present on all inputs in order to generate a trigger signal. The polar-
ity for each signal can be set separately via the inverting inputs. The camera
must be set to external triggering to trigger image capture by the trigger
signal.
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Camera interfaces
Input/output pin control
All input and output signals running over the camera I/O connector are con-
trolled by an advanced feature register.
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000300
IO_INP_CTRL1
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
---
[1..6]
[7]
Reserved
Polarity
0: low active
1: high active
---
[8..10] Reserved
[11..15] Mode
InputMode
---
[16..30] Reserved
PinState
[31]
RD: Current state of pin
0xF1000304
IO_INP_CTRL2
Same as
IO_INP_CTRL1
Table 11: Advanced register: Input control
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Camera interfaces
IO_INP_CTRL 1-2
The Polarity flag determines whether the input is low active (0) or high
active (1). The input mode can be seen in the following table. The PinState
flag is used to query the current status of the input.
• For inputs, the PinState bit refers to the inverted out-
put side of the optical coupler. This signals that an
open input sets the PinState bit to 1.
L
ID
Mode
Default
0x00
Off
0x01
Reserved
Trigger input
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
0x02
Input 1
0x03
0x06..0x0F
0x10..0x1F
Table 12: Input routing
Note
If you set more than 1 input to function as a trigger input,
all trigger inputs are ANDed.
L
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Camera interfaces
Trigger delay
Oscar cameras feature various ways to delay image capture based on an exter-
nal trigger.
With IIDC V1.31 there is a standard CSR at register F0F00534/834h to control
a delay up to FFFh x time base value.
The following table explains the inquiry register and the meaning of the var-
ious bits.
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF0F00534 TRIGGER_DELAY_INQUIRY Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
Abs_Control_Inq
[1]
Capability of control with
absolute value
---
[2]
[3]
Reserved
One_Push_Inq
One Push auto mode (Con-
trolled automatically by the
camera once)
Readout_Inq
ON_OFF
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
Capability of reading out the
value of this feature
Capability of switching this
feature ON and OFF
Auto_Inq
Auto Mode (Controlled auto-
matically by the camera)
Manual_Inq
Min_Value
Max_Value
Manual Mode (Controlled by
user)
[8..19] Minimum value for this fea-
ture
[20..31] Maximum value for this fea-
ture
Table 13: Trigger delay inquiry register
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Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF0F00834
TRIGGER_DELAY
Presence_Inq
[0]
Presence of this feature:
0: N/A
1: Available
Abs_Control
[1]
Absolute value control
O: Control with value in the
value field
1: Control with value in the
absolute value CSR
If this bit= 1 the value in
the value field has to be
ignored.
---
[2..5]
[6]
Reserved
ON_OFF
Write ON or OFF this feature
Read: Status of the feature
ON=1
OFF=0
Reserved
Value
---
[7..19]
Value
[20..31]
Table 14: Trigger Delay CSR
The cameras also have an advanced register which allows even more precise
image capture delay after receiving a hardware trigger.
Trigger delay advanced register
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000400
TRIGGER_DELAY
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
---
[1..5]
[6]
Reserved
ON_OFF
---
Trigger delay on/off
Reserved
[7..10]
DelayTime
[11..31] Delay time in µs
Table 15: Trigger delay advanced CSR
The advanced register allows the start of the integration to be delayed by
max. 221 µs, which is max. 2.1 s after a trigger edge was detected.
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Camera interfaces
Note
• Switching trigger delay to ON also switches external
Trigger_Mode_0 to ON.
• This feature works with external Trigger_Mode_0 only.
L
Outputs
Note
For a general description of the outputs and warnings see
the Hardware Installation Guide, Chapter OSCAR output
description.
L
Output features are configured by software. Any signal can be placed on any
output.
The main features of output signals are described below:
Signal
Description
IntEna (Integration Enable) signal
This signal displays the time in which exposure
was made. By using a register, this output can be
delayed by up to 1.05 seconds. This signal can be
used to fire a strobe flash.
Fval (Frame valid) signal
Busy signal
This feature signals readout from the sensor. This
signal Fval follows IntEna.
This signal appears when:
• the exposure is being made or
• the sensor is being read out or
• data transmission is active.
The camera is busy.
Table 16: Output signals
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Output
mode
selectable
via software
Polarity
selectable
via software
Operation state
read
IntEna
FVal
Opto-
Busy
Output signal
Operation state
read
Coupler
Figure 15: Output block diagram
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Camera interfaces
IO_OUTP_CTRL 1-2
The outputs (Output mode, Polarity) are controlled via two advanced feature
registers.
The Polarity flag determines whether the output is active low (0) or active
high (1). The output mode can be viewed in the table below. The current
status of the output can be queried and set via the PinState flag.
It is possible to read back the status of an output pin regardless of the output
mode. This allows for example the host computer to determine if the camera
is busy by simply polling the BUSY output.
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000320
IO_OUTP_CTRL1
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
---
[1..6]
[7]
Reserved
Polarity
0: active low
1: active high (inverting)
Reserved
---
[8..10]
Output mode
[11..15]
Mode
---
[16..30]
[31]
Reserved
PinState
RD: Current state of pin
WR: New state of pin
0xF1000324
IO_OUTP_CTRL2
Same as
IO_OUTP_CTRL1
Table 17: Advanced register: Output control
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Output modes
ID
Mode
Default
0x00
0x01
Off
Output state follows PinState bit Using this mode, the Polarity bit
has to be set to 0 (not inverted).
This is necessary for an error free
display of the output status.
0x02
0x03
0x04
0x05
0x06
0x07
0x08
Integration enable
Reserved
Output 1
Reserved
Reserved
FrameValid
Busy
Output 2
Follow corresponding input
(Inp1 Q Out1, Inp2 Q Out2, …)
0x09..0x0F
0x10..0x1F
Reserved
Reserved
Table 18: Output routing
The Polarity setting refers to the input side of the optical coupler output.
PinState 0 switches off the output transistor and produces a low level over
the resistor connected from the output to ground.
The following diagram illustrates the dependencies of the various output sig-
nals.
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Camera interfaces
Figure 16: Output impulse diagram
The signals can be inverted.
Note
L
Note
• Note that trigger delay in fact delays the image cap-
ture whereas the IntEna_Delay only delays the leading
edge of the IntEna output signal but does not delay the
image capture.
• As mentioned before, it is possible to set the outputs
by software. Doing so, the achievable maximum fre-
quency is strongly dependent on individual software
capabilities. As a rule of thumb, the camera itself will
limit the toggle frequency to not more than 700 Hz.
L
• In split shutter mode the camera will issue two (Oscar
F-810C: three) IntEnas and FrameValids but only one
Busy, because it integrates the two (Oscar F-810C:
three) fields separately.
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Camera interfaces
Pixel data
Pixel data are transmitted as isochronous data packets in accordance with
the 1394 interface described in IIDC V1.3. The first packet of a frame is iden-
tified by the 1 in the sync bit (sy) of the packet header.
sync bit
0-7
8-15
16-23
24-31
tCode sy
data_length
tg
channel
header_CRC
Video data payload
data_CRC
Table 19: Isochronous data block packet format. Source: IIDC V1.3
Field
Description
data_length
tg
Number of bytes in the data field
Tag field
shall be set to zero
channel
tCode
Isochronous channel number, as programmed in the iso_channel
field of the cam_sta_ctrl register
Transaction code
shall be set to the isochronous data block packet tCode
Synchronization value (sync bit)
sy
This is one single bit. It indicates the start of a new frame.
It shall be set to 0001h on the first isochronous data block of a frame,
and shall be set to zero on all other isochronous blocks
Video data payload
Shall contain the digital video information
Table 20: Description of data block packet format
• The video data for each pixel are output in either 8-bit or 12-bit format.
• Each pixel has a range of 256 or 4096 shades of gray.
• The digital value 0 is black and 255 or 4095 is white. In 16-bit mode
the data output is MSB aligned.
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Camera interfaces
The following table provides a description of the video data format for the
different modes. (Source: IIDC V1.3)
Figure 17: YUV 4:2:2 and YUV 4:1:1 format: Source: IIDC V1.3
Figure 18: Y8 and Y16 format: Source: IIDC V1.3
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Description of the data path
Description of the data path
Block diagram of the cameras
The following diagram illustrates the data flow and the bit resolution of
image data after being read from the CCD sensor chip in the camera. The indi-
vidual blocks are described in more detail in the following paragraphs. For
12 Bit (LUT off)
8 Bit (LUT on)
HiRose I/O
RS232
Auto-Data
Test-Pattern
Params
10 Bit
Figure 20: Block diagram Oscar cameras
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Description of the data path
Black and white output interpolation modes
Various black and white output interpolation modes have been implemented
in the data path to ensure high quality black and white image output.
The cameras are able to output:
• B/w signal out of luma interpolation formula (Y = 0.3R + 0.6G + 0.1B)
• B/w signal out of RED channel information
• B/w signal out of GREEN channel information
• B/w signal out of BLUE channel information
For certain applications where the camera is imposed to monochromatic
light, it may be advantageous (in terms of reduced noise) to use only the
respective color channel instead of the fully interpolated luma signal.
Example: If you illuminate a scene with green light, the use of b/w output
from the GREEN channel may give better image with less noise than b/w out
of luma.
The b/w image is also spatially interpolated, so that it has the same amount
of pixels as the color image.
Note
Spatial resolution is because of the present BAYER Mosaic fil-
ter nevertheless only half of that in each direction of a (fic-
tive) b/w sensor.
L
Read out modes of the sensor
In order to achieve the highest possible sensitivity, all sensors are equipped
with micro lenses, and read-out in the so called frame readout mode. This
is a special frame integration interlaced field readout mode, very similar to
the interlaced mode of conventional video cameras.
Whereas Oscar F-320C and Oscar F-510C have two field readouts, the Oscar F-
810C is equipped with a three field readout sensor.
The conversion from interlaced to progressive takes place in the camera's
internal memory.
Special sub-sampling modes allow faster progressive scan readouts, while
maintaining the same imaging conditions. These modes can be effectively
used for focus and aperture adjustment operations.
The following samples are taken out of the data sheets of the sensors, detail-
ing the various modes.
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Description of the data path
Oscar F-320C: ICX-262AQ readout scheme
The screenshot below, taken from the Oscar F-320C sensor's data sheet,
shows the ICX-262AQ readout scheme.
Frame readout mode reads out red and green color pixels in the first field,
followed by the green and blue pixels in the second field.
Note
The high frame readout mode reads out 2 from 12 lines and
thus achieves a remarkably high frame rate of nearly 40 fps.
L
Figure 21: Oscar F-320C: Sony ICX-262AQ readout scheme
Note
Blacked out portions in the diagram indicate pixels which are
not read out.
L
1. Frame readout mode
In this mode, all pixel signals are divided into two fields and output.
All pixel signals are read out independently, making this mode suitable
for high resolution image capturing.
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Description of the data path
2. High frame rate readout mode
Output is performed at 30 frames per second by reading out 2 pixels for
every 12 vertical pixels.
The number of output lines is 258 lines.
This readout mode emphasizes processing speed over vertical resolu-
tion.
Oscar F-510C: ICX-282AQ readout scheme
Oscar F-510C is equipped with the ICX-282AQ sensor.
Frame readout is again two fields and has the two primary colors, red and
blue, read out in separate fields.
Progressive mode reads out two from four lines achieving a moderate speed
increase but progressive scan with megapixel resolution.
The readout scheme of it is shown below:
Figure 22: Oscar F-510C: Sony ICX-282AQ readout scheme
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Description of the data path
Oscar F-810C: ICX-456AQ readout scheme
Oscar F-810C uses the ICX-456AQ sensor with three field readout mode. Every
field skips two lines during read out, so all primary colors of the BAYER
mosaic are read out in every field.
Progressive scan mode reads out 2 out of 6 lines.
Figure 23: Oscar F-810C: Sony ICX-456AQ readout scheme
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Description of the data path
Frame readout implications
Frame readout has implications when shooting moving or stationary objects.
To compensate for this condition, two different shutter modes have been
introduced.
The so-called split shutter opens and closes the shutter per field. This mode
is suitable for shooting stationary objects only.
Shutter first
field
Output first field
Shutter
second field
Output second field
Figure 24: Split shutter
Note
Using this mode with moving objects introduces red/blue
artefacts with the Oscar F-320C and Oscar F-510C, and jagged
artefacts with the Oscar F-810C.
L
Split shutter can be used with continuous light or strobe light because the
camera outputs the IntEna signal accurately per field (this means that in the
case of an Oscar F-810C, a strobe would flash three times per image).
The so-called joint shutter opens the shutter for both fields concurrently.
When the first field is shifted into the shift register its integration ends, but
the integration of the second (or third) field continues until the previous
field(s) has(ve) been completely shifted out.
Consequently the shutter time can only be controlled for the first field; the
other field(s) always have an additional shutter time equivalent to the read-
out time of the first field.
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Description of the data path
Exposure
(Flash)
Shutter first
field
Output first field to camera
buffer
Shutter second field
Output second field to
camera buffer
Figure 25: Joint shutter
The following pre-requisites are necessary to handle moving image acquisi-
tion in joint shutter mode:
• Strobe light and
• Ambient light reduced by proper light shields or
• Mechanical external shutter
• LCD optical shutter
Note
Consult the factory or your local dealer if you have special
applications requiring external shutters.
L
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Description of the data path
White balance
Oscar cameras have both manual and automatic white balance.
White balance is applied so that non-colored image parts are displayed non-
colored.
White balance does not use the so called PxGA® (Pixel Gain Amplifier) of the
analog front end (AFE) but a digital representation in the FPGA in order to
modify the gain of the two channels with lower output by +9.5 dB (in 512
steps) relative to the channel with highest output.
The following screenshot is taken from the data sheet of the AFE and illus-
trates the details:
Figure 26: Block diagram of AFE (Source: Analog Devices)
The analog color signal, coming in pulse amplitude modulation from the sen-
sor is in the form of the BAYER™ color pattern sequence. It is initially pro-
cessed in the CDS (correlated double sampler) and then bypasses the PxGA
before further amplification and digitization.
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Description of the data path
From the user's point of view, the white balance settings are made in register
80Ch of IIDC V1.3. This register is described in more detail below.
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF0F0080C WHITE_BALANCE Presence_Inq [0]
Presence of this feature:
0: N/A;
1: Available
Abs_Control [1]
Absolute value control
O: Control with value in the Value field
1: Control with value in the Absolute
value CSR
If this bit=1, the value in the Value field
will be ignored.
---
[2..4]
Reserved
One_Push
[5]
Write 1: begin to work (self-cleared after
operation)
Read:
1: in operation
0: not in operation
If A_M_Mode = 1, this bit will be ignored.
ON_OFF
[6]
[7]
Write: ON or OFF this feature
Read: read a status
0: OFF
1: ON
A_M_MODE
U/B_Value
Write: set mode
Read: read current mode
0: MANUAL
1: AUTO
[8..19] U/B value
This field is ignored when writing the
value in Auto or OFF mode.
If readout capability is not available, read-
ing this field has no meaning.
V/R_Value
[20..31] V/R value
This field is ignored when writing the
value in Auto or OFF mode.
If readout capability is not available, read-
ing this field has no meaning.
Table 21: White balance register
The values in the U/B_Value field produce changes from green to blue; the
V/R_Value field from green to red as illustrated below.
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Description of the data path
Figure 27: U/V slider range
One-push automatic white balance
Note
Configuration
To configure this feature in control and status register (CSR):
L
The camera automatically generates frames, based on the current settings of
all registers (GAIN, OFFSET, SHUTTER, etc.).
To activate one-push automatic white balance: Set one-push
bit in the WHITE_BALANCE register.
For white balance, in total 9 frames are processed, and a grid of at least 300
samples is equally spread over the work area. This area can be the field of
view or a subset of it. The R-G-B component values of the samples are added
and used as current values for both the one-push and the automatic white
balance.
This feature uses the assumption that the R-G-B component sums of the sam-
ples are equal; i.e., it assumes that the average of the sampled grid pixels is
to be monochrome.
Note
The following ancillary conditions should be observed for suc-
cessful white balance:
• There are no stringent or special requirements on the
image content, it requires only the presence of mono-
chrome pixels in the image.
• Automatic white balance can be started both during
active image capture and when the camera is in idle
state.
L
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Description of the data path
If the image capture is active (e.g. IsoEnable set in register 614h), the
frames used by the camera for white balance are also output on the 1394 bus.
Any previously active image capture is restarted after the completion of
white balance.
Automatic white balance can also be enabled by using an external trigger.
However, if there is a pause of >10 seconds between capturing individual
frames, this process is aborted.
The following flow diagram illustrates the automatic white balance sequence.
Pause image
capture
Capture image
via One_shot
Repeat steps
nine times
Calculate and
set correction
values
Restart image
capture if
necessary
Figure 28: Auto white balance sequence
Finally, the calculated correction values can be read from the
WHITE_BALANCE register 80Ch.
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Description of the data path
Automatic white balance
The auto white balance feature continuously optimizes the color characteris-
tics of the image.
As a reference, it uses a grid of at least 300 samples equally spread over the
area of interest or a fraction of it.
Note
Configuration
To set position and size of the control area
(Auto_Function_AOI) in an advanced register: see Table 95:
L
AUTOFNC_AOI affects the auto shutter, auto gain and auto white balance fea-
tures and is independent of the Format_7 AOI settings. If this feature is
switched off, the work-area position and size represent the current active
image size.
Within this area, the R-G-B component values of the samples are added and
used as current values for the feedback.
The following drawing illustrates the AUTOFNC_AOI settings in greater detail.
AOI: X-size
0,0
AF_AREA_POSITION: Left,Top
Sampling grid for Auto-Function
AF_AREA_SIZE: Width: n x 128
Figure 29: AUTOFNC_AOI positioning
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The algorithm bases on the assumption that the R-G-B component sums of
the samples are equal, i.e., it assumes that the mean of the sampled grid pix-
els is to be monochrome.
Visualization of the AUTOFNC_AOI is carried out with the help of the graphics
Note
The algorithm will try to create an uncolored image when
looking at an area that is completely colored with automatic
white balance ON.
L
Manual gain
page 59, all cameras are equipped with a gain setting, allowing the gain to
be manually adjusted on the fly by means of a simple command register
write.
The following ranges can be used when manually setting the gain for the ana-
log video signal:
Type
Range
Range in dB
All Oscar cameras
0 ... 570
0 … 20 dB
Table 22: Manual gain range of the various Oscar types
The increment length is ~0.0351 dB/step.
Note
• Setting the gain does not change the offset (black
value).
• A higher gain also produces greater image noise. This
reduces image quality. For this reason, first try to
increase the brightness, using the aperture of the cam-
era optics and/or longer shutter settings.
L
• Generally all Oscar cameras enable certain image set-
tings to be modified on the fly, e.g. gain and shutter
can be changed by the host computer by writing into
the gain and shutter register even during camera opera-
tion. An uncertainty of one or two images remains
because the host is unaware (especially with external
trigger) of when the next image will arrive.
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Auto gain
In combination with auto white balance, all Oscar cameras are equipped with
auto gain feature.
When enabled auto gain adjusts the gain within the default gain limits or
within the limits set in advanced register F1000370h in order to reach the
brightness set in auto exposure register as reference.
Increasing the auto exposure value (aka target grey value) increases the aver-
age brightness in the image and vice versa.
The applied algorithm uses a proportional plus integral controller (PI control-
ler) to achieve minimum delay with zero overshot.
The following tables show the gain and auto exposure CSR.
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF0F00820
GAIN
Presence_Inq [0]
Presence of this feature:
0: N/A
1: Available
Abs_Control
[1]
Absolute value control
O: Control with value in the value
field
1: Control with value in the absolute
value CSR
If this bit=1 the value in the value
field has to be ignored.
---
[2..4]
[5]
Reserved
One_Push
Write: Set bit high to start
Read: Status of the feature:
Bit high: WIP
Bit low: Ready
ON_OFF
[6]
[7]
Write: ON or OFF this feature
Read: read a status
0: OFF
1: ON
A_M_MODE
Write: set mode
Read: read current mode
0: MANUAL
1: AUTO
---
[8..19]
Reserved
Value
[20..31]
Read/Write Value
This field is ignored when writing the
value in Auto or OFF mode.
If readout capability is not available,
reading this field has no meaning.
Table 23: CSR: Gain
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Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF0F00804
AUTO_EXPOSURE Presence_Inq [0]
Presence of this feature:
0: N/A
1: Available
Abs_Control
[1]
Absolute value control
O: Control with value in the value field
1: Control with value in the absolute
value CSR
If this bit=1, the value in the value field
has to be ignored.
---
[2..4]
[5]
Reserved
One_Push
Write: Set bit high to star
Read: Status of the feature:
bit high: WIP
bit low: Ready
ON_OFF
[6]
[7]
Write ON or OFF this feature, ON=1
Read: Status of the feature, OFF=0
Set bit high for Auto feature
Read for Mode
A_M_MODE
0=MANUAL
1=AUTO
---
[8..19] Reserved
Value
[20..31] Read/Write value
This field is ignored when writing the
value in Auto or OFF mode.
If readout capability is not available,
reading this field has no meaning.
Table 24: CSR: Auto Exposure
Note
Configuration
To configure this feature in an advanced register: See Table
L
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Note
• Values can only be changed within the limits of gain
CSR.
• Changes in auto exposure register only have an effect
when auto gain is active.
• Auto exposure limits are 50..205. (SmartViewꢀCtrl1
tab: Target grey level)
L
Brightness (black level or offset)
It is possible to set the black level in the camera within the following ranges:
0...+16 gray values (@ 8 bit)
Increments are in 1/16 LSB (@ 8 bit)
The formula for gain and offset setting is: Y’ = G x Y + Offset
Note
• Setting the gain does not change the offset (black
value).
L
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The IIDC brightness register at offset 800h is used for this purpose.
The following table shows the BRIGHTNESS register.
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF0F00800
BRIGHTNESS Presence_Inq [0]
Presence of this feature:
0: N/A
1: Available
Abs_Control
[1]
Absolute value control
O: Control with value in the value field
1: Control with value in the absolute
value CSR
If this bit= 1 the value in the value field
has to be ignored
---
[2..4]
[5]
Reserved
One_Push
Write: Set bit high to start
Read: Status of the feature:
Bit high: WIP
Bit low: Ready
ON_OFF
[6]
[7]
Write: ON or OFF this feature
Read: read a status
0: OFF
1: ON
A_M_MODE
Write: set mode
Read: read current mode
0: MANUAL
1: AUTO
---
[8..19]
Reserved
Value
[20..31]
Read/Write Value; this field is ignored
when writing the value in Auto or OFF
mode; if readout capability is not avail-
able reading this field has no meaning.
Table 25: CSR: Brightness
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Auto shutter
In combination with auto white balance, Oscar cameras are equipped with an
auto shutter feature.
When enabled, the auto shutter adjusts the shutter within the default shutter
limits or within those set in advanced register F1000360h in order to reach
the reference brightness set in auto exposure register.
Note
Target grey level parameter in SmartView corresponds to
Auto_exposure register 0xF0F00804 (IIDC).
L
Increasing the auto exposure value increases the average brightness in
the image and vice versa.
The applied algorithm uses a proportional plus integral controller (PI control-
ler) to achieve minimum delay with zero overshot.
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To configure this feature in control and status register (CSR):
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF0F0081C SHUTTER
Presence_Inq [0]
Presence of this feature:
0: N/A
1: Available
Abs_Control
[1]
Absolute value control
O: Control with value in the value field
1: Control with value in the absolute value CSR
If this bit=1, the value in the value field has
to be ignored.
---
[2..4]
[5]
Reserved
One_Push
Write 1: begin to work (self-cleared after oper-
ation)
Read:
1: in operation
0: not in operation
If A_M_Mode = 1, this bit will be ignored.
ON_OFF
[6]
Write: ON or OFF this feature
Read: read a status
0: OFF
1: ON
A_M_MODE
[7]
Write: set mode
Read: read current mode
0: MANUAL
1: AUTO
---
[8..19]
Reserved
Value
[20..31] Read/Write Value
This field is ignored when writing the value in
Auto or OFF mode.
If readout capability is not available, reading
this field has no meaning.
Table 26: CSR: Shutter
Note
Configuration
To configure this feature in an advanced register: See Table
L
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Look-up table (LUT) and gamma function
The AVT Oscar camera provides one user-defined look-up table (LUT). The use
of this LUT allows any function (in the form Output = F(Input)) to be stored
in the camera's RAM and to be applied on the individual pixels of an image
at run-time.
The address lines of the RAM are connected to the incoming digital data,
these in turn point to the values of functions which are calculated offline,
e.g. with a spreadsheet program.
This function needs to be loaded into the camera's RAM before use.
One example of using a LUT is the gamma LUT:
Output = (Input)0.5
This gamma LUT is used with all Oscar models.
It is known as compensation for the nonlinear brightness response of many
displays e.g. CRT monitors. The look-up table converts the incoming 12 bit
from the digitizer to outgoing 8 bit.
Output = (Input)gamma
Oscar, gamma=0.5
250
200
150
100
50
0
0
500
1000
1500
2000
Input
2500
3000
3500
4000
Figure 30: Gamma LUT
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Note
• The input value is the most significant 12-bit value
from the digitizer. The gamma LUT outputs the most
significant 8 bit as shown above.
L
• As gamma correction is also implemented via the LUT,
it is not possible to use a different LUT when gamma
correction is enabled.
• After overriding the LUT with a user defined content,
gamma functionality is no longer available until the
next full initialization of the camera.
• LUT content is volatile if you do not use the user pro-
files to save the LUT.
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Loading an LUT into the camera
Loading the LUT is carried out through the data exchange buffer called
GPDATA_BUFFER. As this buffer can hold a maximum of 2 kByte, and a com-
plete LUT at 4026 x 8 bit is 4 kByte, programming can’t take place in a one
block write step because the size of an LUT is larger than GPDATA_BUFFER.
Therefore input must be handled in several steps.The flow diagram below
shows the sequence required to load data into the camera.
Query limits from
register:
LUT_INFO and
GPDATA_INFO
Set EnableMemWR
to true (1)
Set AddrOffset to 0
Write n databytes
in
GPDATA_BUFFER
Repeat steps until
all data is written
Offset is increased
in camera after n
bytes are written
Check
EnableMemWR for
no change
Set EnableMemWR
to false (0)
Figure 31: Loading an LUT
Note
Configuration
• To configure this feature in an advanced register: See
L
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Description of the data path
Shading correction
Shading correction is used to compensate for non-homogeneities caused by
lighting or optical characteristics within specified ranges.
To correct a frame, a multiplier from 1...2 is calculated for each pixel in 1/
256 steps. This allows for shading to be compensated by up to 50%.
Besides generating shading data off-line and downloading it to the camera,
the camera allows correction data to be generated automatically in the cam-
era itself.
Note
• Shading correction does not support the mirror func-
tion.
• If you use shading correction, don’t change the mirror
function.
L
The following pictures describe the process of automatic generation of cor-
rection data. The line profiles were created using MVTEC's ActivVision Tools.
Figure 32: Shading correction: Source image with non-uniform illumination
On the left you see the source image with non-uniform illumination. The
graph on the right clearly shows the brightness level falling off to the right.
By defocusing the lens, high-frequency image data are removed from the
source image, therefore its not included in the shading image.
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Description of the data path
Automatic generation of correction data
Requirements
Shading correction compensates for non-homogeneities by giving all pixels
the same gray value as the brightest pixel. This means that only the back-
ground must be visible and the brightest pixel has a gray value of less than
255 when automatic generation of shading data is started.
It may be necessary to use a neutral white reference, e.g. a piece of paper
instead of the real image.
Algorithm
After the start of automatic generation, the camera pulls in the number of
frames set in the GRAB_COUNT register. Recommended values are 4, 8 or 16.
An arithmetic mean value is calculated from them (to reduce noise).
After this, a search is made for the brightest pixel in the mean value frame.
The brightest pixel(s) remain unchanged. A factor is then calculated for each
pixel to be multiplied by, giving it the gray value of the brightest pixel.
All of these multipliers are saved in a shading reference image. The time
required for this process depends on the number of frames to be calculated
and on the resolution of the image.
Correction alone can compensate for shading by up to 50% and relies on
12 bit pixel data to avoid the generation of missing codes.
Thus the output after the shading correction has potentially 11-bit accuracy.
How to proceed:
Set GrabCount to # of
desired frames
Set BuildImage Flag to true
Poll SHGD_Control
Register until Busy and
BuildImage Flag are
resetted
Figure 33: Automatic generation of a shading image
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Note
Configuration
To configure this feature in an advanced register: See Table
L
Note
The SHDG_CTRL register should not be queried at very short
intervals. This is because each query delays the generation of
the shading image. An optimal interval time is 500 ms.
L
Note
• The maximum value of GRAB_COUNT depends on the
type of camera and the number of frame buffers that
exist. GRAB_COUNT is corrected to the power of two
automatically.
L
Note
• The calculation of shading data is always carried out at
the current resolution setting. If the AOI is later larger
than the window in which correction data was calcu-
lated, none of the pixels lying outside are corrected.
• For Format_7 mode, it is advisable to generate the
shading image in the largest displayable frame format.
This ensures that any smaller AOIs are completely cov-
ered by the shading correction.
L
• The automatic generation of shading data can also be
enabled when image capture is already running. The
camera then pauses the running image capture for the
time needed for generation and resumes after genera-
tion is completed.
• Shading correction can be combined with the image
mirror, binning and gamma functionality.
• Changing binning modes involves the generation of
new shading reference images due to a change in the
image size.
The following pictures illustrate the sequence of commands for generating
the shading image.
The correction sequence controlled (e.g. via Directcontrol) uses the average
of 16 frames (10H) to calculate the correction frame.
The top picture shows the input image (with lens out of focus). The bottom
picture shows the shading corrected output image (unfocused lens).
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Figure 34: Generation of shading image
After the lens has been focused again, the image below will be seen, but now
with a considerably more uniform gradient. This is also made apparent in the
graph on the right.
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Figure 35: Example of shaded image
The shading reference image can be output for permanent storage purposes
on a host system.
It can be further uploaded into the camera, so that the shading procedure
must not be repeated after power down of the camera.
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What is the real size of the shading image
(MaxImageSize)?
The register 0xF1000258 SHDG_INFO (MaxImageSize) delivers the sensor size
but not the size of the shading image buffer.
Therefore: If you use this reported (but wrong) MaxImageSize then:
• A shading image which is too small will be uploaded/downloaded.
• The shading correction will only be applied on the first field.
• In Format_7 there will be a row-wise image error
To avoid using a wrong MaxImageSize read the following notes:
The camera’s internal buffer for the shading image is greater than the sensor
image. Therefore the buffer is divided in N sections with:
n = 1...N
N: number of fields per frame
After each field there is a gap so you can see where each field ends and where
the next field begins:
Field 1
Gap 1
MaxImageSize/Fields
:
:
BufferSize
Field n
Gap n
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Description of the data path
Camera model
N: number of fields
per frame
BufferSize
Oscar F-320C
Oscar F-510C
Oscar F-810C
2
2
3
620000h
A00000h
FC0000h
Table 27: Number of fields and BufferSize
For uploading/downloading a shading image the last Gap n can be ignored.
The size of a field is calculated from the MaxImageSize which is theoretically
camera dependent (MaxImageSize < BufferSize).
This leads to the following formula:
(N – 1) × BufferSize + MaxImageSize
⎛
⎝
⎞
⎠
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MaxImageSize =
N
Formula 1: MaxImageSize
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Loading a shading image out of the camera
GPDATA_BUFFER is used to load a shading image out of the camera. Due to
the size of a shading image being larger than GPDATA_BUFFER, output must
be handled in several steps:
Query limits from
register:
SHDG_INFO and
GPDATA_INFO
Set EnableMemRD
to true (1)
Set AddrOffset to 0
Read n databytes
of
GPDATA_BUFFER
Repeat steps until
all data is read
Offset is increased
in camera after n
bytes are written
Check
EnableMemRD for
no change
Set EnableMemRD
to false (0)
Figure 36: Uploading shading image to host
Note
Configuration
• To configure this feature in an advanced register: See
L
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Loading a shading image into the camera
GPDATA_BUFFER is used to load a shading image into the camera. Because
the size of a shading image is larger than GPDATA_BUFFER, input must be
handled in several steps:
It is recommended that block writes are used to write a block of n bytes with
one command into the GPDATA_BUFFER. With firmware 3.04 it is possible to
write quadlets directly into the buffer, but this takes much more time.
Query limits from
register:
SHDG_INFO and
GPDATA_INFO
Set EnableMemWR
to true (1)
Set AddrOffset to 0
Write n databytes
in
GPDATA_BUFFER
Repeat steps until
all data is read
Offset is increased
in camera after n
bytes are written
Check
EnableMemWR for
no change
Set EnableMemWR
to false (0)
Figure 37: Loading the shading reference image
Note
Configuration
• To configure this feature in an advanced register: See
L
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Horizontal mirror function
All Oscar cameras are equipped with an electronic mirror function, which
mirrors pixels from the left side of the image to the right side and vice versa.
The mirror is centered to the current FOV center and can be combined with
all image manipulation functions, like binning, shading and DSNU.
This function is especially useful when the camera is looking at objects with
the help of a mirror or in certain microscopy applications.
Note
Configuration
To configure this feature in an advanced register: See Table
L
Note
The use of the mirror function with color cameras and image
output in RAW format has implications on the BAYER-
ordering of the colors.
L
Mirror OFF: R-G-G-B (all Oscar cameras)
Mirror ON: G-R-B-G (all Oscar cameras)
Figure 38: Mirror and Bayer order
Note
During switchover one image may be temporarily corrupted.
L
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Binning (only Oscar F-510C)
2 x Binning
Definition Binning is the process of combining neighboring pixels while being read out
from the CCD chip.
Note
Only Oscar F-510C has the binning feature.
L
Binning is used primarily for 3 reasons:
• a reduction in the number of pixels and thus the amount of data while
retaining the original image area angle
• an increase in the frame rate (vertical binning and full binning only)
• a brighter image, also resulting in an improvement in the signal-to-
noise ratio of the image
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and signal-to-noise separation specify the
quality of a signal with regard to its reproduction of intensities. The value
signifies how high the ratio of noise is in regard to the maximum achievable
signal intensity.
The higher this value, the better the signal quality. The unit of measurement
used is generally known as the decibel (dB), a logarithmic power level. 6 dB
is the signal level at approximately a factor of 2.
However, the advantages of increasing signal quality are accompanied by a
reduction in resolution.
Only Format_7 Binning is possible only in video Format_7. The type of binning used
depends on the video mode.
Note
Changing binning modes involves the generation of new
shading reference images due to a change in the image size.
L
Types In general, we distinguish between the following types of binning
(H=horizontal, V=vertical):
• 2 x H-binning
• 2 x V-binning
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Vertical binning
Vertical binning increases the light sensitivity of the camera by a factor of
two by adding together the values of two adjoining vertical pixels output as
a single pixel. At the same time this normally improves signal-to-noise sep-
aration by about 3 dB.
This reduces vertical resolution. The new resolution is approximately 1/2 of
the original resolution.
Format_7 Mode_6 By default use Format_7 Mode_6 for 2 x vertical binning.
This reduces vertical resolution, depending on the model.
2 x vertical binning
Figure 39: 2 x vertical binning
Note
Vertical resolution is reduced, but signal-to noise ratio
(SNR) is increased by about 3 (2 x binning).
L
Note
If vertical binning is activated the image may appear to be
over-exposed and may require correction.
L
Note
The image appears vertically compressed in this mode and
no longer exhibits a true aspect ratio.
L
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Horizontal binning
Definition In horizontal binning adjacent horizontal pixels in a line are combined in
pairs.
This means that in horizontal binning the light sensitivity of the camera is
also increased by a factor of two (6 dB). Signal-to-noise separation improves
by approx. 3 dB.
This reduces horizontal resolution. The new resolution is approximately 1/2
of the original resolution.
Format_7 Mode_5 By default use Format_7 Mode_5 for 2 x horizontal binning.
2 x horizontal binning
Figure 40: 2 x horizontal binning
Note
The image appears horizontally compressed in this mode
and does no longer show true aspect ratio.
If horizontal binning is activated the image may appear to
be over-exposed and must eventually be corrected.
L
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2 x full binning
If horizontal and vertical binning are combined, every 4 pixels are consoli-
dated into a single pixel. At first two horizontal pixels are put together and
then combined vertically.
Light sensitivity This increases light sensitivity by a total of a factor of 4 and at the same time
signal-to-noise separation is improved by about 6 dB.
Resolution This reduces horizontal and vertical resolution. The new resolution is approx-
imately 1/4 of the original resolution.
Format_7 Mode_7 By default use Format_7 Mode_7 for 2 x full binning.
2 x full binning
Figure 41: 2 x full binning
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Sub-sampling
What is sub-sampling?
Definition Sub-sampling is the process of skipping neighboring pixels (with the same
color) while being read out from the CCD chip.
Which Oscar models have sub-sampling?
All Oscar models have this feature.
Description of sub-sampling
Sub-sampling is used primarily for the following reasons:
• A reduction in the number of pixels and thus the amount of data while
retaining the original image area angle
• Switch the sensor to progressive mode rather than frame readout mode.
• Increase in the frame rate.
The sub-sampling mode of Oscar F-320C and Oscar F-810C is always H+V sub-
sampling mode. Oscar F-510C offers two additional special F_7 modes, with
horizontal full resolution, but vertically read out progressive (thus sub-sam-
pled). This is advantageous for applications relying on highest horizontal
resolution.
Use progressive modes to activate sub-sampling. The principal sub-sampling
pattern is shown below. Please note that various sensors skip more than two
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2 out of 4 H+V sub-sampling
Figure 42: 2 out of 4 H+V sub-sampling (color)
Note
Changing sub-sampling modes involves the generation of new
shading reference images due to a change in the image size.
L
High SNR mode (High Signal Noise Ratio)
To configure this feature in an advanced register: See Table 101: Advanced
In this mode the camera grabs and averages a set number of images and out-
puts one image with the same bit depth. This means that the camera will out-
put an 8 bit averaged image when an 8-bit image format is selected.
Because of the fact that normally uncorrelated (photon-, amplifier-) noise
dominates over correlated noise (fixed pattern noise), adding two images
2
will double (6 dB) the gray levels but only increase the noise levels by
(3 dB).
This enhances both the dynamic range as well as the signal to noise ratio.
Consequently adding 256 8-bit images will lead to a potential signal-to-noise
enhancement of 24 dB.
Note
• The averaged image is output at a lower frame rate
being exactly the fraction: fps/number of images.
• The camera must be in idle before turning this feature
on.
• The potential SNR enhancement may be lower when
using more than 8-bit original bit depth.
L
• Select 16-bit image format in order to take advantage
of the full potential SNR and DNR (DyNamic Range)
enhancements.
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Description of the data path
Sharpness
All Oscar models are equipped with a two-step sharpness control, applying a
discreet horizontal high pass in the green channel as shown in the next three
line profiles.
Figure 43: Sharpness: left: 0, middle: 1, right: 2
Note
Configuration
To configure this feature in feature control register: See
L
Color interpolation
The color sensors capture the color information via so called primary color
(R-G-B) filters placed over the individual pixels in a BAYER mosaic layout.
An effective Bayer ꢀ RGB color interpolation already takes place in all Oscar
cameras. Before converting to the YUV format, color correction is done after
BAYER demosaicing.
Color processing can be bypassed by using the so called RAW image transfer.
RAW mode is primarily used to
• save bandwidth on the IEEE 1394 bus
• achieve higher frame rates
• use different BAYER demosaicing algorithms on the PC
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Description of the data path
RAW mode is accessible via Color_Mode Mono8, RAW8 and via Format_7.
Note
If the PC does not perform BAYER to RGB post-processing the
b/w image will be superimposed with a checkerboard pattern.
L
Color interpolation (BAYER demosaicing)
In color interpolation, a red, green or blue value is determined for each pixel.
Three lines are needed for this interpolation:
Figure 44: Bayer demosaicing (interpolation)
R3 + R13
R1 + R3 + R11 + R13
---------------------
P2
=
=
=
red
--------------------------------------------------
P1
=
=
2
red
4
G4 + 2 × G8 + G12
G2 + G6 + G8 + G12
-------------------------------------------
P2
green
-----------------------------------------------
P1
4
green
4
B7 + B9
P1
= B7
-------------------
P2
blue
blue
2
Formula 2: Bayer demosaicing interpolation formula
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Color correction
Why color correction?
The spectral response of a CCD is different of those of an output device or
the human eye. This is the reason for the fact that perfect color reproduction
is not possible. In each Oscar camera there is a factory setting for the color
Color correction is needed to eliminate the overlap in the color channels. This
overlap is caused by the fact that:
• Blue light:
• Red light:
is seen by the red and green pixels on the CCD
is seen by the blue and green pixels on the CCD
• Green light: is seen by the red and blue pixels on the CCD
The color correction matrix subtracts out this overlap.
Color correction in AVT cameras
In AVT cameras the color correction is realized as an additional step in the
process from the sensor data to color output.
Color correction is used to harmonize colors for the human eye. With other
AVT (color) cameras so far, you had the opportunity to use it or to switch it
off.
Color correction: formula
Color correction is performed on all color CCD models before YUV conversion
and mapped via a matrix as follows.
*
red = Crr × red + Cgr × green + Cbr × blue
*
green = Crg × red + Cgg × green + Cbg × blue
*
blue = Crb × red + Cgb × green + Cbb × blue
Formula 3: Color correction
GretagMacbeth ColorChecker
Sensor specific coefficients Cxy are scientifically generated to ensure that
GretagMacbeth™ ColorChecker® colors are displayed with highest color fidel-
ity and color balance.
Note
Color correction is deactivated in Mono8 or Mono16 mode
(RAW image transport).
L
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Description of the data path
Color correction can also be switched off in YUV mode with the help of the
following register:
Register
Name
COLOR_CORR
Description
0xF10003A0
Write: 02000000h to switch color correction OFF
Write: 00000000h to switch color correction ON (default)
Table 28: Color correction switch off in YUV mode
Color conversion (RGB ꢀ YUV)
The conversion from RGB to YUV is made using the following formulae:
Y = 0.3 × R + 0.59 × G + 0.11 × B
U = -0.169 × R – 0.33 × G + 0.498 × B + 128
V = 0.498 × R – 0.420 × G – 0.082 × B + 128
Formula 4: RGB to YUV conversion
Note
• As mentioned above: Color processing can be bypassed
by using the so-called RAW image transfer.
• RGB ꢀ YUV conversion can be bypassed by using RGB8
format and mode. This is advantageous from the edge
color definition but needs more bandwidth (300%
instead of 200% relative to b/w or RAW consumption)
for the transmission, so that the maximal frame fre-
quency will drop.
L
Hue and Saturation
Oscar models are equipped with hue and saturation registers.
Hue and saturation are terms best understood with the homonymous HIS
(Hue Intensity Saturation) color model.
The hue register at offset 810h allows to change the color of objects by +/
- 40 steps (+/- 10°) from the nominal perception without changing white
balance. Use this setting to manipulate the color appearance after having
done white balance.
The saturation register at offset 814h allows changing the intensity of the
colors by +/-100%.
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Description of the data path
This means a setting of zero changes the image to black and white and a set-
ting of 511 doubles the color intensity compared to the nominal one at 256.
Note
Configuration
To configure this feature in feature control register: See
L
Consider hue changes as a change in the angle of the vector, saturation a
change in the length of the vector S, and all starting from the intensity coor-
dinate (vector from black to white).
The following picture illustrates the transformation.
Figure 45: Hue and saturation explanation
Note
This transformation is not accessible from outside.
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Description of the data path
Serial interface
All Oscar cameras are equipped with the SIO (serial input/output) feature as
described in IIDC V1.31. This means that the Oscar's serial interface which is
used for firmware upgrades can also be used as a general RS232 interface.
Data written to a specific address in the IEEE 1394 address range will be sent
through the serial interface. Incoming serial interface data is put into a cam-
era buffer and can be polled from here via simple read commands. Controlling
registers enable the settings of baud rates and the check of buffer sizes and
serial interface errors.
Note
• Hardware handshaking is not supported.
• Typical PC hardware does not usually support
230400 bps or more.
L
Base address for the function is: F0F02100h.
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Description of the data path
To configure this feature in access control register (CSR):
Offset Name
000h SERIAL_MODE_REG
Field
Bit
Description
Baud_Rate
[0..7]
Baud rate setting
WR: Set baud rate
RD: Read baud rate
0: 300 bps
1: 600 bps
2: 1200 bps
3: 2400 bps
4: 4800 bps
5: 9600 bps
6: 19200 bps
7: 38400 bps
8: 57600 bps
9: 115200 bps
10: 230400 bps
Other values reserved
Char_Length
[8..15] Character length setting
WR: Set data length (7 or 8 bit)
RD: Get data length
7: 7 bit
8: 8 bit
Other values reserved
Parity
[16..17] Parity setting
WR: Set parity
RD: Get parity setting
0: None
1: Odd
2: Even
Stop_Bit
[18..19] Stop bit
WR: Set stop bit
RD: Get stop bit setting
0: 1
1: 1.5
2: 2
---
[20..23] Reserved
Buffer_Size_Inq [24..31] Buffer Size (RD only)
This field indicates the maximum size of
receive/transmit data buffer
If this field is 1, Buffer_Status_Control
and SIO_Data_Reg. Char 1-3 should be
ignored.
Table 29: Serial input/output control and status register (SIO CSR)
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Description of the data path
Offset Name
Field
Bit
Description
0004h SERIAL_CONTROL_REG RE
[0]
Receive enable
RD: Current status
WR:
0: Disable
1: Enable
TE
[1]
Transmit enable
RD: Current status
WR:
0: disable
1: Enable
---
[2..7]
[8]
Reserved
SERIAL_STATUS_REG TDRD
Transmit data buffer ready
Read only
0: not ready
1: ready
---
[9]
Reserved
RDRD
[10]
Receive data buffer ready
Read only
0: not ready
1: ready
---
[11]
[12]
Reserved
ORER
Receive data buffer overrun error
Read: current status
WR:
0: no error (to clear status)
1: Ignored
FER
PER
---
[13]
[14]
Receive data framing error
Read: current status
WR:
0: no error (to clear status)
1: Ignored
Receive data parity error
Read: current status
WR:
0: no error (to clear status)
1: Ignored
[15..31] Reserved
Table 29: Serial input/output control and status register (SIO CSR)
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Description of the data path
Offset Name
Field
Bit
Description
008h
RECEIVE_BUFFER_
STATUS_CONTRL
RBUF_ST
[0..7]
SIO receive buffer status
RD: Number of bytes pending in receive
buffer
WR: Ignored
RBUF_CNT
[8..15] SIO receive buffer control
RD: Number of bytes to be read from the
receive FIFO
WR: Number of bytes left for readout
from the receive FIFO
---
[16..31] Reserved
00Ch
TRANSMIT_BUFFER_
STATUS_CONTRL
TBUF_ST
[0..7]
SIO output buffer status
RD: Space left in TX buffer
WR: Ignored
TBUF_CNT
[8..15] SIO output buffer control
RD: Number of bytes written to transmit
FIFO
WR: Number of bytes to transmit
---
---
[16..31] Reserved
010h
..
Reserved
0FFh
100h
SIO_DATA_REGISTER CHAR_0
SIO_DATA_REGISTER CHAR_1
[0..7]
Character_0
RD: Read character from receive buffer
WR: Write character to transmit buffer
[8..15] Character_1
RD: Read character from receive
buffer+1
WR: Write character to transmit
buffer+1
SIO_DATA_REGISTER CHAR_2
SIO_DATA_REGISTER CHAR_3
[16..23] Character_2
RD: Read character from receive
buffer+2
WR: Write character to transmit
buffer+2
[24..31] Character_3
RD: Read character from receive
buffer+3
WR: Write character to transmit
buffer+3
Table 29: Serial input/output control and status register (SIO CSR)
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Description of the data path
To read data:
1. Query RDRD flag (buffer ready?) and write the number of bytes the host
wants to read to RBUF_CNT.
2. Read the number of bytes pending in the receive buffer RBUF_ST (more
data in the buffer than the host wanted to read?) and the number of
bytes left for reading from the receive FIFO in RBUF_CNT (more data the
host wanted to read than were in the buffer?).
3. Read received characters from SIO_DATA_REGISTER, beginning at char 0.
4. To input more characters, repeat from step 1.
To write data:
1. Query TDRD flag (buffer ready?) and write the number of bytes to send
(copied from SIO register to transmit FIFO) to TBUF_CNT.
2. Read the available data space left in TBUF_ST (if the buffer can hold
more bytes than are to be transmitted) and number of bytes written to
transmit buffer in TBUF_CNT (if more data is to be transmitted than fits
in the buffer).
3. Write character to SIO_DATA_REGISTER, beginning at char 0.
4. To output more characters, repeat from step 1.
Note
• Contact your local dealer, if you require further infor-
mation or additional test programs or software.
• AVT recommends the use of Hyperterminal™ or other
communication programs to test the functionality of
this feature. Alternatively use SmartView to try out this
feature.
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Controlling image capture
Controlling image capture
Shutter modes The cameras support the SHUTTER_MODES specified in IIDC V1.3. For all mod-
els this shutter is a global (field) shutter; meaning that all pixels (in the
same field) are exposed to the light at the same moment and for the same
time span.
Continuous mode In continuous modes the shutter is opened shortly before the vertical reset
happens, thus acting in a frame-synchronous way.
External trigger Combined with an external trigger, it becomes asynchronous in the sense
that it occurs whenever the external trigger occurs. Individual images are
recorded when an external trigger impulse is present. This ensures that even
fast moving objects can be grabbed with no image lag and with minimal
image blur.
Camera I/O The external trigger is fed as a TTL signal through Pin 4 of the camera
I/O connector.
Trigger modi
Oscar cameras support IIDC conforming Trigger_Mode_0 and Trigger_Mode_1
(in progressive modes only) and special Trigger_Mode_15 (bulk trigger).
Trigger mode
also known as
Description
Trigger_Mode_0
Edge mode
Sets the shutter time according to the value set in
the shutter (or extended shutter) register
Trigger_Mode_1
Trigger_Mode_15
Level mode
Sets the shutter time according to the active low
time of the pulse applied (or active high time in
the case of an inverting input)
Programmable mode
Is a bulk trigger, combining one external trigger
event with continuous or one-shot or multi-shot
internal trigger
Table 30: Trigger modi
Edge mode (Trigger_Mode_0)
Trigger_Mode_0 sets the shutter time according to the value set in the shut-
ter (or extended shutter) register.
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Controlling image capture
Level mode (Trigger_Mode_1)
Trigger_Mode_1 sets the shutter time in the progressive modes according to
the active low time of the pulse applied (or active high time in the case of
an inverting input).
External Trigger input, as applied at input pin, trigger falling edge
External Trigger input, after inverting opto coupler
Shutter register value
External Trigger input, as applied at input pin
External Trigger input,
after inv. Opto.
Integration Time
Figure 46: Trigger_Mode_0 and 1
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Controlling image capture
Bulk trigger (Trigger_Mode_15)
Trigger_Mode_15 is a bulk trigger, combining one external trigger event with
continuous or one-shot or multi-shot internal trigger.
It is an extension of the IIDC trigger modes. One external trigger event can
be used to trigger a multitude of internal image intakes.
This is especially useful for:
• Grabbing exactly one image based on the first external trigger.
• Filling the camera's internal image buffer with one external trigger with-
out overriding images.
• Grabbing an unlimited number of images after one external trigger (sur-
veillance)
The figure below illustrates this mode.
External Trigger input, after inverting optocoupler
N x image; N: continuous, one_shot, multi_shot
Figure 47: Trigger_Mode_15
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Controlling image capture
The functionality is controlled via bit [6] and bitgroup [12-15] of the IIDC
register:
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF0F00830 TRIGGER_MODE Presence_Inq
[0]
Presence of this feature:
0: N/A
1: Available
Abs_Control
[1]
Absolute value control
O: Control with value in the Value field 1:
Control with value in the Absolute value
CSR
If this bit = 1 the value in the value field
has to be ignored.
---
[2..5]
[6]
Reserved
ON_OFF
Write: ON or OFF this feature
Read: read a status
0: OFF
1: ON
If this bit = 0, other fields will be read only.
Trigger_Polarity [7]
Select trigger polarity
(Except for software trigger)
If Polarity_Inq is 1:
Write to change polarity of the trigger
input.
Read to get polarity of the trigger input.
If Polarity_Inq is 0:
Read only.
0: Low active input
1: High active input
Trigger_Source [8..10] Select trigger source
Set trigger source ID from trigger source
ID_Inq.
Trigger_Value
Trigger_Mode
[11]
Trigger input raw signal value
read only
0: Low
1: High
[12..15] Trigger_Mode
(Trigger_Mode_0..15)
---
[16..19] Reserved
Parameter
[20..31] Parameter for trigger function, if required
(optional)
Table 31: Trigger_Mode_15 (Bulk trigger)
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Controlling image capture
The screenshots below illustrate the use of Trigger_Mode_15 on a register
level:
• The first line switches continuous mode off, leaving viewer in listen
mode.
• The second line prepares 830h register for external trigger and
Mode_15.
Left = continuous
Middle = one-shot
Right = multi-shot
Line #3 switches camera back to Line #3 toggles one-shot bit [0] Line #3 toggles multi-shot bit
continuous mode. Only one of the one-shot register 61C so [1] of the one-shot register 61C
image is grabbed precisely with that only one image is grabbed, so that Ah images are grabbed,
the first external trigger.
based on the first external trig- starting with the first external
ger.
trigger.
To repeat rewrite line three.
To repeat rewrite line three.
To repeat rewrite line three.
Table 32: Description: using Trigger_Mode_15: continuous, one-shot, multi-shot
Figure 48: Using Trigger_Mode_15: Continuous, one-shot, multi-shot
Note
Shutter for the images is controlled by shutter register.
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Controlling image capture
Trigger delay
As already mentioned earlier, the cameras feature various ways to delay
image capture based on external trigger.
With IIDC V1.31 there is a standard CSR at Register F0F00534/834h to control
a delay up to FFFh x time base value.
The following table explains the inquiry register and the meaning of the var-
ious bits.
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF0F00534 TRIGGER_DLY_INQUIRY Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this feature
(read only)
Abs_Control_Inq [1]
Capability of control with absolute
value
---
[2]
[3]
Reserved
One_Push_Inq
One-push auto mode (controlled
automatically by the camera once)
Readout_Inq
ON_OFF
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
Capability of reading out the value
of this feature
Capability of switching this feature
ON and OFF
Auto_Inq
Auto mode (controlled automati-
cally by the camera)
Manual_Inq
Min_Value
Max_Value
Manual mode (controlled by user)
[8..19] Minimum value for this feature
[20..31] Maximum value for this feature
Table 33: Trigger delay inquiry register
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Controlling image capture
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF0F00834 TRIGGER_DELAY Presence_Inq
[0]
Presence of this feature:
0: N/A
1: Available
Abs_Control
[1]
Absolute value control
O: Control with value in the Value field
1: Control with value in the Absolute
value CSR
If this bit = 1, the value in the Value
field has to be ignored
---
[2..5]
[6]
Reserved
ON_OFF
Write: ON or OFF this feature
Read: read a status
0: OFF
1: ON
If this bit = 0, other fields will be read
only.
---
[7..19] Reserved
[20..31] Value
Value
If you write the value in OFF mode, this
field will be ignored.
If ReadOut capability is not available,
then the read value will have no mean-
ing.
Table 34: CSR: trigger delay
In addition, the cameras have an advanced register which allows even more
precise delay of image capture after receiving a hardware trigger.
Trigger delay advanced register
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000400
TRIGGER_DELAY Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this fea-
ture (read only)
---
[1..5]
[6]
Reserved
ON_OFF
---
Trigger delay on/off
Reserved
[7..10]
[11..31]
DelayTime
Delay time in µs
Table 35: Advanced CSR: trigger delay
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Controlling image capture
The advanced register allows the start of the integration to be delayed by
max. 221 µs, which is max. 2.1 s after a trigger edge was detected.
Note
• Switching trigger delay to ON also switches external
Trigger_Mode_0 to ON.
• This feature works with external Trigger_Mode_0 only.
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Controlling image capture
Shutter modes
Due to the frame readout (interlaced) modes of the sensors, two different
shutter modes exist for the maximum resolution formats accessible via the
mode register in Format_7.
The conversion from interlaced to progressive takes place in the camera's
internal memory.
Split shutter
The split shutter term results from the fact that two (Oscar F-810C: three)
fields are exposed and read out of the sensor one after the other.
Format_7 Mode_1 is to be used for this mode, suitable for stationary objects
and when no strobe light is available. Because of the time difference between
the two shutters, which is dependant on the length of the shutter, this mode
is only useful for stationary objects.
Single shot: Time between trigger and availablity of image
External Trigger input (after inverting optocoupler)
Shutter first
field
Output first field
Shutter
second field
Output second field
Progressive output of camera
External Trigger input
Shutter first
field second
frame
Cont. mode: Time between trigger and availablity of image
Figure 49: Split shutter
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Controlling image capture
Note
• Combining split shutter with one-shot operation, it can
also be seen from the above figure that the frame rate
in one-shot mode is lower than that in continuous
mode. This is a result of the additional delay of one or
two (Oscar F-810C) fields before the progressive output
of the camera can start.
L
• Using split shutter with a flash device connected to
IntEna, you will notice that it flashes twice (or three)
times per single image capture.
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Controlling image capture
Joint shutter
Use Format_7 Mode_0 when a strobe light flashes moving objects. The
exposure for the two (three: F-810C) fields starts concurrently so that the
strobe freezes odd and even lines at the same time. Field one is read out first,
field two (and three) are read out after field one. Make sure that the ambient
light can be neglected, otherwise it will contribute to the illumination of the
scene and introduce image oddities.
The following diagram illustrates this mode.
Single shot: time between trigger and availablity of image
External trigger input (after inverting optocoupler)
Shutter first
field
Output first field to camera
buffer
Shutter second field
Output second field to
camera buffer
Progressive output of camera
External trigger input
Shutter first
field second
frame
Cont. mode: time between trigger and availablity of image
Figure 50: Joint shutter mode
Note
• Changing the shutter time only affects the first field.
The second (and third) field has a constant shutter time
of one (two) field length(s).
L
• Combining joint shutter with one-shot operation, it can
also be seen from the above figure that the frame rate
in one shot mode is lower than in continuous mode.
This is a result of the additional delay of one or two
(Oscar F-810C) fields before the progressive output of
the camera can start.
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Controlling image capture
Exposure time (shutter) and offset
The exposure (shutter) time for continuous mode and Trigger_Mode_0 is
based on the following formula:
Shutter register value x time base + offset
The register value is the value set in the corresponding IIDC register
(SHUTTER [81Ch]). This number is in the range between 1 and 4095.
The shutter register value is multiplied by the time base register value (see
is set to 20 µs.
A camera-specific offset is also added to this value. It is different for the
camera models:
Exposure time offset
Camera model
Oscar F-320C
Oscar F-510C
Oscar F-810C
Offset interlaced Offset progressive
46 µs
74 µs
98 µs
57 µs
83 µs
98 µs
Table 36: Camera-specific offset
Example: Oscar F-510C
Camera
Register value
Timebase
20 µs
Oscar F-510C in interlaced (frame 100
readout) mode
Table 37: Register value and time base for Oscar F-510C
100 x 20 µs + 74 µs = 2074 µs exposure time
The minimum adjustable exposure time set by register is 20 µs.
ꢀ The real minimum exposure time of an Oscar F-510C is then
20 µs + 74 µs = 94 µs in frame readout mode.
Note
Generally all Oscar cameras enable certain image settings to
be modified on the fly, e.g. gain and shutter can be changed
by the host computer by writing into the gain and shutter
registers even during camera operation. An uncertainty of
one or two images remains, as the host is unaware of (espe-
cially with external trigger) when the next image will arrive.
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Controlling image capture
Extended shutter
The exposure time for long-term integration of up to 67 seconds can be
extended via the advanced register: EXTENDED_SHUTTER
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF100020C
EXTD_SHUTTER Presence_Inq [0]
Indicates presence of this feature (read
only)
---
[1.. 5] Reserved
[6..31] Exposure time in µs
ExpTime
Table 38: Advanced register: extended shutter
The longest exposure time, 3FFFFFFh, corresponds to 67.11 sec.
Note
• Exposure times entered via the 81Ch register are mir-
rored in the extended register, but not vice versa.
• Longer integration times not only increase sensitivity,
but also may increase some unwanted effects, such as
noise and pixel-to-pixel non-uniformity. Depending on
the application, these effects may limit the longest
usable integration time.
L
• Changes in this register have immediate effect, even
when the camera is transmitting.
• Extended shutter becomes inactive after writing to a
format/mode/frame rate register.
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Controlling image capture
One-shot
Oscar cameras can record an image by setting the one-shot bit in the 61Ch
register. This bit is automatically cleared after the image is captured. If the
page 115), this flag is ignored.
If one-shot mode is combined with the external trigger, the one-shot com-
mand is used to arm it. The following screenshot shows the sequence of com-
mands needed to put the camera into this mode. It enables the camera to
grab exactly one image with an external trigger edge.
If there is no trigger impulse after the camera has been armed, one-shot can
be cancelled by clearing the bit.
Figure 51: One-shot control
One-shot command on the bus starting
exposure
The following sections describe the time response of the camera using a sin-
gle frame (one-shot) command. As set out in the IIDC specification, this is
a software command that causes the camera to record and transmit a single
frame.
The following values apply only when the camera is idle and ready for use.
Full resolution must also be set.
Feature
Value
One-shot ꢀ microcontroller sync
≤ 250 µs (processing time in the
microcontroller)
µC-Sync/ExSync ꢀ integration start 8 µs
Table 39: Values for one-shot
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Controlling image capture
Microcontroller sync is an internal signal. It is generated by the microcon-
troller to initiate a trigger. This can either be a direct trigger or a release for
ExSync, if the camera is externally triggered.
End of exposure to first packet on the bus
After the exposure, the CCD sensor is read out; some data is written into the
FRAME_BUFFER before being transmitted to the bus.
The time from the end of exposure to the start of transport on the bus is:
500 µs 62.5 µs
This time jitters with the cycle time of the bus (125 µs).
One-shot command
< 250 μs
μC ExSync
= 8 μs
Integration start
Timebase reg.
X
Shutter reg.
Interlaced/progressive
Offset
Oscar F-320: 46 / 57 µs
Oscar F-510: 74 / 83 µs
Oscar F-810: 98 / 98 µs
Processing delay
= 500 μs
+/-62.5 μs
First packet on bus
Figure 52: Data flow and timing after end of exposure
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Controlling image capture
Multi-shot
Setting multi-shot and entering a quantity of images in Count_Number in
the 61Ch register enables the camera to record a specified number of images.
The number is indicated in bits 16 to 31. If the camera is put into
is ignored and deleted automatically once all the images have been recorded.
If multi-shot mode is activated and the images have not yet all been cap-
tured, it can be cancelled by resetting the flag. The same result can be
achieved by setting the number of images to 0.
Multi-shot can also be combined with the external trigger in order to grab a
certain number of images based on an external trigger. This is especially
helpful in combination with the so-called deferred mode to limit the number
of grabbed images to the FIFO size.
ISO_Enable / free-run
Setting the MSB (bit 0) in the 614h register (ISO_ENA) puts the camera into
ISO_Enable mode or Continuous_Shot (free-run). The camera captures an
infinite series of images. This operation can be quit by deleting the 0 bit.
Asynchronous broadcast
The camera accepts asynchronous broadcasts. This involves asynchronous
write requests that use node number 63 as the target node with no
acknowledge.
This makes it possible for all cameras on a bus to be triggered by software
simultaneously - e.g. by broadcasting a one-shot. All cameras receive the
one-shot command in the same IEEE 1394 bus cycle. This creates uncertainty
for all cameras in the range of 125 µs.
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Controlling image capture
The following screenshot shows an example of broadcast commands sent with
the Firedemo example of FirePackage (version 1V51 or newer):
Figure 53: Broadcast one-shot
• Line 1 shows the broadcast command, which stops all cameras con-
nected to the same IEEE 1394 bus. It is generated by holding the Shift
key down while clicking on Write.
• Line 2 generates a broadcast one-shot in the same way, which forces all
connected cameras to simultaneously grab one image.
Jitter at start of exposure
The following chapter discusses the latency time which exists for all Oscar
cameras when either a hardware or software trigger is generated, until the
actual image exposure starts.
Owing to the well-known fact that an Interline Transfer CCD sensor has both
a light sensitive area and a separate storage area, it is common to interleave
image exposure of a new frame and output that of the previous one. It makes
continuous image flow possible, even with an external trigger.
The uncertain time delay before the start of exposure depends on the state
of the sensor. A distinction is made as follows:
FVal is active ꢀ the sensor is reading out, the camera is busy
In this case the camera must not change horizontal timing so that the trigger
event is synchronized with the current horizontal clock. This introduces a
maximum uncertainty which is equivalent to the line time. The line time
depends on the sensor used and therefore can vary from model to model.
FVal is inactive ꢀ the sensor is ready, the camera is idle
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Controlling image capture
In this case the camera can resynchronize the horizontal clock to the new
trigger event, leaving only a very short uncertainty time of the master clock
period.
Model
Camera idle
± 3.35 µs
± 6.00 µs
± 7.85 µs
Camera busy
± 98 µs
Oscar F-320C
Oscar F-510C
Oscar F-810C
± 134 µs
± 128 µs
Table 40: Jitter at exposure start
Note
• Jitter at the beginning of an exposure has no effect on
the length of exposure, i.e. it is always constant.
L
Frame memory and deferred image transport
An image is normally captured and transported in consecutive steps. The
image is taken, read out from the sensor, digitized and sent over the 1394
bus.
As all Oscar cameras are equipped with built-in image memory, this order of
events can be paused or delayed by using the deferred image transport fea-
ture.
Oscar cameras, by standard, are equipped with 32 MB RAM (Oscar F-810C:
64 MB RAM). As an option, the memory can be extended at the factory to a
maximum of 256 MB.
The table below shows how many frames can be stored by each model. The
memory is arranged in a FIFO (First in First out) manner. This makes address-
ing for individual images unnecessary.
Model
# frames (standard) # frames (256 MB)
Oscar F-320C 3 frames (32 MB)
Oscar F-510C 2 frames (32 MB)
Oscar F-810C 3 frames (64 MB)
31 frames (256 MB)
23 frames (256 MB)
15 frames (256 MB)
Table 41: FIFO memory size
Deferred image transport is especially useful for multi-camera applications
where a multitude of cameras grab a certain number of images without hav-
ing to take available bus bandwidth, DMA- and ISO-channels into account.
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Controlling image capture
Image transfer is controlled from the host computer by addressing individual
cameras and reading out the desired number of images. Functionality is con-
trolled by the following register:
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000260 DEFERRED_TRANS Presence_Inq [0]
Indicates presence of this feature (read
only)
---
[1..4]
Reserved
SendImage
HoldImg
FastCapture
---
[5]
[6]
[7]
Send NumOfImages now (auto reset)
Enable/disable deferred transport mode
Enable/disable fast capture mode
[8..15] Reserved
FIFOSize
[16..23] Size of FIFO in number of images (read
only)
NumOfImages [24..31] W: Number of images to send
R: Number of images in buffer
Table 42: Advanced register: Deferred image transport
HoldImg mode
By setting the HoldImg flag, transport of the image over the 1394 bus is
stopped completely. All captured images are stored in the internal
ImageFiFo. The camera reports the maximum possible number of images in
the FiFoSize variable.
Note
• Pay attention to the maximum number of images that
can be stored in FIFO. If you capture more images than
the number in FIFOSize, the oldest images are overwrit-
ten.
• The extra SendImage flag is set to true to import the
images from the camera. The camera sends the number
of images that are entered in the NumOfImages
parameter.
L
• If NumOfImages is 0 all images stored in FIFO are
sent.
• If NumOfImages is not 0, the corresponding number of
images is sent.
• If the HoldImg field is set to false, all images in
ImageFIFO are deleted. No images are sent.
• The last image in the FiFo will be corrupted, when
simultaneously used as input buffer while being read
out. Read out one image less than maximum buffer size
in this case.
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Controlling image capture
The following screenshot shows the sequence of commands needed to work
with deferred mode.
.................................Stop continuous mode of camera
.................................Check pres. of deferred mode and FiFo size (Dh= 13 fr.)
.................................Switch deferred mode on
.................................Do first One_shot
.................................Do second One_shot
.................................Check that two images are in FiFo
.................................Read out the first image of FiFo
.................................Check how many images are left in FiFo
.................................Read out the second image of FiFo
....................................Check how many images are left in FiFo
Figure 54: Example of controlling deferred mode
FastCapture
This mode can be activated only in Format_7.
• If FastCapture is set to false, the maximum frame rate both for image
acquisition and read out is associated with the packet size set in the
BYTE_PER_PACKET register. The lower this value is, the lower the attain-
able frame rate is.
• If FastCapture is set to true, all images are recorded at the highest pos-
sible frame rate, i.e. the setting above does not affect the frame rate for
the image intake but only the read out. This mode is ideal for applica-
tions where a burst of images need to be recorded at the highest sensor
speed but the output can be at a lower frame frequency to save band-
width.
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Video formats, modes and bandwidth
The different Oscar models support different video formats, modes and frame
rates.
These formats and modes are standardized in the IIDC (formerly DCAM) spec-
ification.
Resolutions in Format_0, Format_1 and Format_2, which are smaller than the
generic sensor resolution, are generated symmetrically from the center of the
sensor and without binning.
Different color processing modes in Format_7 are accessed via
Color_Coding_ID register, as listed for Oscar F-510C.
Binning modes are only available in Format_7 for Oscar F-510C:
• Format_7 Mode_5: horizontal binning (H-binning)
• Format_7 Mode_6: vertical binning (V-binning)
• Format_7 Mode_7: horizontal and vertical binning (H+V binning)
Note
• The maximum frame rates can only be achieved with
shutter settings lower than 1/framerate. This means
that with default shutter time of 40 ms, a camera will
not achieve frame rates higher than 25 frames/s. In
order to achieve higher frame rates, please reduce the
shutter time proportionally.
L
• The following tables assume that bus speed is
400 Mbit/s. With lower bus speeds (e.g. 200 or 100
Mbit/s) not all frame rates may be achieved.
• For information on bit/pixel and byte/pixel for each
color mode see Table 92: ByteDepth on page 215.
Note
H-binning means horizontal binning.
V-binning means vertical binning.
Full binning (H+V) means horizontal + vertical binning
2 x binning means: 2 neighboring pixels are combined.
L
• Binning increases signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), but
decreases resolution.
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Video formats: Oscar F-320C
Format Mode
Resolution Color mode 60
fps
30
15
7.5
fps
3.75
fps
1.875
fps
fps [4] fps
0
1
2
160 x 120
320 x 240
640 x 480
640 x 480
640 x 480
640 x 480
640 x 480
YUV444
YUV422
YUV411
YUV422
RGB8
x
x
x
x
0
3
4
5
6
MONO8
MONO16
Table 43: Video fixed formats Oscar F-320C (centered progressive preview mode)
Format Mode
Resolution Color mode
Frame rate / fps Description
Mono8 [2]
YUV411
YUV422
6.59
6.59
5.11
frame readout,
joint shutter
RGB8
2080 x 1540
3.41
6.59
5.11
6.59
7
0
Raw8 [1]
Raw16 [1]
Y8red, Y8green, Y8blue [3]
Mono8 [2]
YUV411
YUV422
RGB8
Raw8 [1]
Raw16 [1]
6.59
6.59
5.11
3.41
6.59
5.11
frame readout,
split shutter
7
1
2080 x 1540
Y8red, Y8green, Y8blue [3]
6.59
Table 44: Video Format_7 formats Oscar F-320C
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Format Mode
Resolution Color mode
Frame rate / fps Description
39.31 [4]
Mono8 [2]
YUV411
39.31 [4]
39.31 [4]
YUV422
RGB8
Raw8 [1]
progressive preview
39.51 [4]
39.31 [4]
39.31 [4]
39.31 [4]
mode
7
2
344 x 254
sub-sampling
Raw16 [1]
Y8red, Y8green, Y8blue [3]
Table 44: Video Format_7 formats Oscar F-320C
[1] Camera outputs RAW image which needs to be converted outside of camera.
[2] Camera outputs interpolated B/W image using luma interpolation formula.
[3] Camera outputs interpolated B/W image using one of the R-G-B color planes.
[4] Only achievable with shutter settings that don't exceed 1/framerate.
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Video formats: Oscar F-510C
Format Mode
Resolution Color mode 60
fps
30
15
7.5
fps
3.75
fps
1.875
fps
fps [4] fps
0
1
2
800 x 600 YUV422
800 x 600 RGB8
800 x 600 MONO8
x[2]
x[2]
3
1
1024 x 768 YUV422
1024 x 768 RGB8
x
x
x
x
4
5
6
7
1024 x 768 MONO8
800 x 600 MONO16
1024 x 768 MONO16
0
1
2
1280 x 960 YUV422
1280 x 960 RGB8
1280 x 960 MONO8
x
x
x[2]
x
x
x[2]
x
x
x[2]
3
2
1600 x 1200 YUV422
1600 x 1200 RGB8
4
5
6
7
1600 x 1200 MONO8
1280 x 960 MONO16
1600 x 1200 MONO16
Table 45: Video fixed formats Oscar F-510C (progressive)
[1] Camera outputs RAW image which needs to be converted outside of camera.
[2] Camera outputs interpolated B/W image using luma interpolation formula.
[3] Camera outputs interpolated B/W image using one of the R-G-B color planes.
[4] Only achievable with shutter settings that don't exceed 1/framerate.
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Format Mode
Resolution Color mode
Frame rate / fps Description
Mono8 [2]
YUV411
YUV422
3.80
3.80
3.23
frame readout
7
7
7
7
0
1
2
3
2588 x 1958 RGB8
2.15
3.80
3.23
3.80
joint shutter
Raw8 [1]
Raw16 [1]
Y8red, Y8green, Y8blue [3]
Mono8 [2]
YUV411
YUV422
3.80
3.80
3.23
2.15
3.80
3.23
3.80
frame readout
split shutter
2588 x 1958 RGB8
Raw8 [1]
Raw16 [1]
Y8red, Y8green, Y8blue [3]
Mono8 [2]
YUV411
YUV422
7.59
7.58
7.59
7.59
7.59
7.59
7.59
progressive, centered
sub-sampling
1288 x 978 RGB8
Raw8 [1]
Raw16 [1]
Y8red, Y8green, Y8blue [3]
Mono8 [2]
YUV411
YUV422
7.59
7.59
6.50
4.33
7.59
6.50
7.59
progressive scan
v-sub-sampling
2576 x 978 RGB8
Raw8 [1]
Raw16 [1]
Y8red, Y8green, Y8blue [3]
Table 46: Video Format_7 formats Oscar F-510C
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Format Mode
Resolution Color mode
Frame rate / fps Description
Mono8 [2]
YUV411
YUV422
3.87
3.87
3.25
progressive scan
7
7
7
7
4
5
6
7
2576 x 1958 RGB8
2.16
3.87
3.25
3.87
V-line-doubling
Raw8 [1]
Raw16 [1]
Y8red, Y8green, Y8blue [3]
Mono8 [2]
YUV411
YUV422
3.79
3.80
3.80
3.80
3.79
3.80
3.79
interlaced,
split shutter
2 x H-binning
1292 x 1958 RGB8
Raw8 [1]
Raw16 [1]
Y8red, Y8green, Y8blue [3]
Mono8 [2]
YUV411
YUV422
6.98
6.99
6.47
4.31
6.98
6.47
6.98
interlaced,
split shutter
2 x V-binning
2588 x 978 RGB8
Raw8 [1]
Raw16 [1]
Y8red, Y8green, Y8blue [3]
Mono8 [2]
YUV411
YUV422
6.98
6.98
6.98
6.99
6.98
6.98
6.98
interlaced,
split shutter
1292 x 978 RGB8
Raw8 [1]
Raw16 [1]
Y8red, Y8green, Y8blue [3]
2 x H+V binning
Table 46: Video Format_7 formats Oscar F-510C
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
[1] Camera outputs RAW image which needs to be converted outside of camera.
[2] Camera outputs interpolated B/W image using luma interpolation formula.
[3] Camera outputs interpolated B/W image using one of the R-G-B color planes.
[4] Only achievable with shutter settings that don't exceed 1/framerate.
The different color modes in Format_7 modes are controlled via the
COLOR_CODING_ID register in combination with COLOR_CODING_INQ regis-
ter.
Offset
Name
Field
Bit
Notes
F0F08010h FORMAT_7_MODE_0
COLOR_CODING_ID
Coding_ID [0..7]
Color coding ID from
COLOR_CODING_INQ register
Mono8
YUV 411
YUV 422
RGB8
[0]
[1]
[2]
[4]
[9]
[10]
[0]
[1]
[2]
ID=0
ID=1
ID=2
F0F08014h
ID=4
F_7M_0 COLOR_CODING_INQ
RAW8
ID=9
RAW16
Y8red
ID=10
ID=128
F0F08024h
Y8green
Y8blue
ID=129
ID=130
F0F09010h F_7M_1 COLOR_CODING_ID
F0F09014h F_7M_1 COLOR_CODING_INQ
F0F0A010h F_7M_2 COLOR_CODING_ID
F0F0A014h F_7M_2 COLOR_CODING_INQ
F0F0B010h F_7M_3 COLOR_CODING_ID
F0F0B014h F_7M_3 COLOR_CODING_INQ
F0F0C010h F_7M_4 COLOR_CODING_ID
F0F0C014h F_7M_4 COLOR_CODING_INQ
Same for Mode_1
Same for Mode_1
Same for Mode_2
Same for Mode_2
Same for Mode_3
Same for Mode_3
Same for Mode_4
Same for Mode_4
Table 47: Color coding inquiry and IDs
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Video formats: Oscar F-810C
Format Mode
Resolution Color mode 60
fps
30
15
7.5
fps
3.75
fps
1.875
fps
fps [4] fps
0
1
2
3
800 x 600 YUV422
800 x 600 RGB8
800 x 600 MONO8
1024 x 768 YUV422
1024 x 768 RGB8
1024 x 768 MONO8
x
x
x
x[2]
1
4
x
x[2]
5
6
7
800 x 600 MONO16
1024 x 768 MONO16
Table 48: Fixed video formats Oscar F-810C (frame readout, centered)
[1] Camera outputs RAW image which needs to be converted outside of camera.
[2] Camera outputs interpolated B/W image using luma interpolation formula.
[3] Camera outputs interpolated B/W image using one of the R-G-B color planes.
[4] Only achievable with shutter settings that don't exceed 1/framerate.
Format Mode
Resolution Color mode
Mono8 [2]
Frame rate / fps Description
3.15
2.70
2.03
YUV411
YUV422
frame readout
joint shutter
7
0
3272 x 2469 RGB8
Raw8 [1]
1.35
3.15
2.03
3.15
Raw16 [1]
Y8red, Y8green, Y8blue [3]
Mono8 [2]
YUV411
YUV422
3.15
2.70
2.03
1.35
3.15
2.03
3.15
frame readout
split shutter
7
1
3272 x 2469 RGB8
Raw8 [2]
Raw16 [1]
Y8red, Y8green, Y8blue [3]
Table 49: Format_7 video formats Oscar F-810C
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Format Mode
Resolution Color mode
Frame rate / fps Description
Mono8 [2]
YUV411
YUV422
8.86
8.88
8.88
progressive scan
sub-sampling
7
2
1088 x 822 RGB8
8.88
8.86
8.88
Raw8 [1]
Raw16 [1]
Y8red, Y8green, Y8blue [3] 8.86
Table 49: Format_7 video formats Oscar F-810C
[1] Camera outputs RAW image which needs to be converted outside of camera.
[2] Camera outputs interpolated B/W image using luma interpolation formula.
[3] Camera outputs interpolated B/W image using one of the R-G-B color planes.
[4] Only achievable with shutter settings that don't exceed 1/framerate.
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Area of interest (AOI)
pixels per line that the recorded image may have.
However, often only a certain section of the entire image is of interest. The
amount of data to be transferred can be decreased by limiting the image to
a section when reading it out from the camera. At a lower vertical resolution
the sensor can be read out faster and thus the frame rate is increased.
Note
The setting of AOIs is supported only in video Format_7.
L
While the size of the image read out for most other video formats and modes
is fixed by the IIDC specification, thereby determining the highest possible
frame rate, in Format_7 mode the user can set the upper left corner and
width and height of the section (area of interest = AOI) he is interested in
to determine the size and thus the highest possible frame rate.
Setting the AOI is done in the IMAGE_POSITION and IMAGE_SIZE registers.
Note
Pay attention to the increments entering in the
UNIT_SIZE_INQ and UNIT_POSITION_INQ registers when con-
figuring IMAGE_POSITION and IMAGE_SIZE.
L
IMAGE_POSITION and IMAGE_SIZE contain in the respective bits values for
the column and line of the upper left corner and values for the width and
height.
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Figure 55: Area of Interest (AOI)
Note
• The left position + width and the upper position
+ height may not exceed the maximum resolution of the
sensor. The increments may vary from model and mode.
L
The following table lists the various increments in pixel (px) as a function of
• The coordinates for width and height must be divisible
by a factor which is depending on the camera model.
the camera model and mode.
Camera
Oscar F-320C
Oscar F-510C
Oscar F-810C
F_7 Mode_0/1
Oscar F-810C
F_7 Mode_2
H-Pos
V-Pos
H-Size
V-Size
2 px
2 px
4 px
2 px
2 px
2 px
4 px
2 px
2 px
6 px
4 px
3 px
2 px
2 px
4 px
2 px
Table 50: AOI increments for different camera models and Format_7 modes
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
In addition to the Area of Interest, some other parameters have an effect on
the maximum frame rate:
• The time for reading the image from the sensor and transporting it into
the FRAME_BUFFER
• The time for transferring the image over the FireWire™ bus
• The length of the exposure time.
Read the next chapter for more details.
Frame rates
An IEEE 1394 camera requires bandwidth to transport images.
The IEEE 1394a bus has very large bandwidth of at least 32 MByte/s for trans-
ferring (isochronously) image data. Per cycle up to 4096 bytes (or around
1000 quadlets = 4 bytes @ 400 Mbit/s) can thus be transmitted.
Note
All bandwidth data is calculated with:
1 MByte = 1024 kByte
L
Depending on the video format settings and the configured frame rate, the
camera requires a certain percentage of maximum available bandwidth.
Clearly the bigger the image and the higher the frame rate, there is more data
to be transmitted.
The following tables indicate the volume of data in various formats and
modes to be sent within one cycle (125 µs) at 400 Mbit/s of bandwidth.
The tables are divided into three formats:
Format
Resolution
up to VGA
up to XGA
up to UXGA
Max. video format
640 x 480
Format_0
Format_1
Format_2
1024 x 768
1600 x 1200
Table 51: Overview fixed formats
They enable you to calculate the required bandwidth and to ascertain the
number of cameras that can be operated independently on a bus and in which
mode.
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Format
Mode
Resolution
60
fps
30
fps
15
fps
7.5
fps
3.75
fps
160 x 120 YUV (4:4:4)
24 bit/pixel
1/2H
80p
60q
1/4H
40p
30q
1/8H
20p
15q
0
320 x 240 YUV (4:2:2)
16 bit/pixel
1H
320p
160q
1/2H
160p
80q
1/4H
80p
40q
1/8H
40p
20q
1
2
3
4
5
640 x 480 YUV (4:1:1)
12 bit/pixel
2H
1280p
480q
1H
640p
240q
1/2H
320p
120q
1/4H
160p
60q
640 x 480 YUV (4:2:2)
16 bit/pixel
2H
1280p
640q
1H
640p
320q
1/2H
320p
160q
1/4H
160p
80q
0
640 x 480 RGB
24 bit/pixel
2H
1280p
960q
1H
640p
480q
1/2H
320p
240q
1/4H
160p
120q
640 x 480 (MONO8)
8 bit/pixel
4H
2560p
640q
2H
1280p
320q
1H
640p
160q
1/2H
320p
80q
1/4H
160
p40q
640 x 480 Y (MONO16)
16 bit/pixel
2H
1280p
640q
1H
640p
320q
1/2H
320p
160q
1/4H
160p
80q
6
7
640 x 480 Y (MONO16)
Reserved
Table 52: Format_0
As an example, VGA MONO8 @ 60 fps requires four lines (640 x 4 = 2560 pix-
els/byte) to transmit every 125 µs: this is a consequence of the sensor's line
time of about 30 µs. Therefore no data needs to be stored temporarily.
It takes 120 cycles (120 x 125 µs = 15 ms) to transmit one frame, which
arrives every 16.6 ms from the camera. Again no data need to be stored tem-
porarily.
Thus around 64% of the available bandwidth (at S400) is used.
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Format Mode Resolution Color mode 60
fps
30
fps
15
fps
7.5
fps
3.75
fps
1.875
fps
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
800 x 600
YUV (4:2:2)
5/2H
5/4H
5/8H
6/16H
250p
125q
2000p 1000p 500p
1000q 500q
16 bit/pixel
250q
800 x 600
RGB
5/4H
1000p 500p
750q
5/8H
24 bit/pixel
375q
800 x 600
8 bit/pixel
Y (MONO8) 5H
5/2H
5/4H
5/8H
4000p 2000p 1000p 500p
1000q 500q
250q
125q
1024 x 768 YUV (4:2:2)
16 bit/pixel
3/2H
1536p 768p
768q
3/4H
3/8H
384p
192q
3/16H
192p
96q
384q
1
1024 x 768 RGB
24 bit/pixel
3/4H
768p
576q
3/8H
384p
288q
3/16H
192p
144q
1024 x 768 Y (MONO)
8 bit/pixel
3H
3/2H
3/4H
3/8H
384p
96q
3/16H
192p
48q
3072p 1536p 768p
768q
384q
192q
800 x 600
(MONO16)
5/2H
5/4H
5/8H
5/16H
250p
125q
2000p 1000p 500p
1000q 500q
16 bit/pixel
250q
1024 x 768 Y (MONO16)
16 bit/pixel
3/2H
1536p 768p
768q 384q
3/4H
3/8H
384p
192q
3/16H
192p
96q
Table 53: Format_1
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Format Mode
Resolution Color Mode 60
fps
30
fps
15
fps
7.5
fps
3.75
fps
1.875
fps
1280 x 960 YUV (4:2:2)
16 bit/pixel
1H
1/2H
1/4H
320p
160q
0
1
2
1280p 640p
640q
320q
1280 x 960 RGB
24 bit/pixel
1H
1/2H
1/4H
320p
240q
1280p 640p
960q
480q
1280 x 960 Y (MONO8)
8 bit/pixel
2H
1H
1/2H
1/4H
320p
80q
2560p 1280p 640p
640q
320q
160q
1600 x 1200 YUV (4:2:2)
16 bit/pixel
5/4H
5/8H
5/16H
3
2000p 1000p 500p
1000q 500q
250q
2
1600 x 1200 RGB
24 bit/pixel
5/8H
1000p 500p
750q
5/16
4
375q
1600 x 1200 Y (MONO8)
8 bit/pixel
5/2H
5/4H
5/8H
5/16H
5
6
7
4000p 2000p 1000p 500p
1000q 500q
250q
125q
1280 x 960 Y (MONO16)
16 bit/pixel
1H
1/2H
1/4H
320p
160q
1280p 640p
640q
320q
1600 x 1200 Y (MONO16)
16 bit/pixel
5/4H
5/8H
5/16H
2000p 1000p 500p
1000q 500q 250q
Table 54: Format_2
As already mentioned, the recommended limit for transferring isochronous
image data is 1000q (quadlets) per cycle or 4096 bytes (with 400 Mbit/s of
bandwidth).
The third table shows that in Format_2 Mode_2 @ 7.5 fps a camera has to
send 1280 pixels or 1 line of video per cycle. The camera therefore uses 32%
of available bandwidth. This allows up to three cameras with these settings
to be operated independently on the same bus.
Note
• If the cameras are operated with an external trigger the
maximum trigger frequency may not exceed the highest
continuous frame rate, so preventing frames from being
dropped or corrupted.
• IEEE 1394 adapter cards with PCILynx™ chipsets have a
lower limit of 4000 bytes per cycle.
L
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
The frame rates in video modes 0 to 2 are specified and set fixed by
IIDC V1.3.
Frame rates Format_7
In video Format_7 frame rates are no longer fixed but can be varied dynam-
ically by the parameters described below.
Note
• Different values apply for the different sensors.
• Frame rates may be further limited by longer shutter
times and/or bandwidth limitation from the IEEE 1394
bus.
L
Frame rates may be further limited by bandwidth limitation from the IEEE
1394 bus.
Details are described in the next chapters:
• Max. frame rate of CCD (theoretical formula)
• Diagram of frame rates as function of AOI by constant width: the curves
describe RAW8, RAW12/YUV411, RAW16/YUV422, RGB8 and max. frame
rate of CCD
• Table with max. frame rates as function of AOI by constant width
For the CCD models the following formula is used to calculate the highest
frame rate in Format_7:
1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ChargeTrans
framerate = framerate
=
In
CCD
T
+ T
+ T
+ T
Dump Scan
Dummy
Formula 5: Frame rate calculation
It assumes that the maximum frame rate is the inverse of the sum of all
events in a CCD, which take time such as:
Note
• The time to transfer the storage to the vertical shift
register (charge transfer time)
• The time to shift out the dummy lines
• The time to dump the lines outside the AOI
• The time to shift out the lines of the AOI (scanning
time)
L
Frame rates may be further limited by longer shutter times and/or by band-
width limitation from the IEEE 1394 bus. This is not part of the formulae
below.
Details are described in the next chapter.
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Oscar F-320C: AOI frame rates
Frame rates differ for the progressive scan mode and the field read out (or
interlaced) mode.
Oscar F-320C: progressive scan mode
For progressive scan mode (i.e. fixed formats and Format_7, Mode_2), the
following formula applies:
1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ChargeTrans
frame rate =
frame rate =
T
+ T
+ T
+ T
Dump Scan
Dummy
1
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
290µs + (257 – AOI_HEIGHT) x 6.8µs + AOI_HEIGHT × 98µs
Formula 6: Frame rate calculation progressive scan mode Oscar F-320C
AOI height
T
/ s
Frame rate / fps
frame
254
240
120
60
0.025
0.024
0.013
0.008
0.005
39.679
41.796
77.032
133.163
209.486
30
Table 55: Frame rates progressive Oscar F-320C
Frame rate = f(AOI height)
OF-320C Progressive (Format_7 Mode_2 and all fixed modes)
220
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
AOI height / pixel
Figure 56: Graph of frame rates in progressive scan mode Oscar F-320C
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Oscar F-320C: interlaced mode
For interlaced mode, the following formula applies:
1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ChargeTrans
frame rate =
frame rate =
T
+ T
+ T
+ T
Dump Scan
Dummy
1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
580µs + (1542 – AOI_HEIGHT) x 6.8µs + AOI_HEIGHT × 98µs
Formula 7: Frame rate calculation interlaced mode Oscar F-320C
AOI height
T
/ s
Frame rate / fps
frame
1540
1536
1200
1024
960
600
480
240
120
60
0.152
0.151
0.121
0.104
0.099
0.066
0.055
0.033
0.022
0.017
6.600
6.616
8.298
9.574
10.140
15.201
18.234
30.346
45.435
60.468
Table 56: Frame rates interlaced mode Oscar F-320C
Frame rate = f(AOI height)
OF-320C Interlaced (Format_7, Mode_0 and Mode_1)
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700
AOI height / pixel
Figure 57: Graph of frame rates interlaced mode Oscar F-320C
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Oscar F-510C: AOI frame rates
Frame rates differ for the progressive scan mode and the field read out mode
(or interlaced mode).
Oscar F-510C: progressive scan mode
For progressive scan mode (i.e. fixed formats and Format_7, Mode_2), the
following formula applies:
1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
frame rate =
frame rate =
T
+ T
+ T
+ T
Scan
ChargeTrans
Dummy
Dump
1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
230µs + (1038 – AOI_HEIGHT) x 4.9µs + AOI_HEIGHT × 134µs
Formula 8: Frame rate calculation progressive scan mode Oscar F-510C
Frame rate / fps
AOI height
Tframe / s
980
960
960
600
480
240
120
0.132
0.129
0.129
0.083
0.067
0.036
0.021
7.585
7.737
7.737
12.081
14.862
27.548
48.058
Table 57: Frame rates progressive scan Oscar F-510C
Frame rate = f(AOI height)
OF-510C Progressive (Format_7 Mode_2 and all fixed modes)
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
110
AOI height / pixel
Figure 58: Graph of frame rate in progressive scan mode Oscar F-510C
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Oscar F-510C: interlaced modes
For all interlaced modes (i.e. Format_7 Mode_0 and Mode_1), the following
formula applies:
1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
frame rate =
AOI_HEIGHT
AOI_HEIGHT
⎛
⎛
⎞
⎞
-----------------------------
-----------------------------
2 × 233µs + 987 –
× 4.9µs +
× 134µs
⎝
⎝
⎠
⎠
2
2
Formula 9: Frame rate calculation interlaced modes Oscar F-510C
AOI height
Tframe / s
Frame rate / fps
1960
1536
1200
1024
960
600
480
240
0.263
0.208
0.165
0.142
0.134
0.088
0.072
0.041
3.800
4.798
6.058
7.025
7.458
11.415
13.868
24.316
Table 58: Frame rates interlaced modes Oscar F-510C
Frame rate = f(AOI height)
OF-510C Interlaced (Format_7, Mode_0 and Mode_1)
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
Figure 59: Graph of frame rates interlaced mode Oscar F-510C
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Oscar F-810C: AOI frame rates
Frame rates differ for the progressive scan mode and the field read out mode
(interlaced mode).
Oscar F-810C: progressive scan mode
For progressive scan mode (i.e. fixed formats and Format_7, Mode_2), the
following formula applies:
1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ChargeTrans
frame rate =
frame rate =
T
+ T
+ T
+ T
Dump Scan
Dummy
1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
276µs + (1246 – AO_HEIGHT) x 16µs + AOI_HEIGHT × 128µs
Formula 10: Frame rate calculation progressive scan mode Oscar F-810C
The table details the frame rates for representative image heights.
AOI height
Tframe / s
Frame rate / fps
822
600
480
240
120
0.112
0.087
0.074
0.047
0.034
8.907
11.440
13.519
21.235
29.716
Table 59: Frame rates progressive scan mode Oscar F-810C
Frame rate = f(AOI height)
OF-810C Progressive (Format_7, Mode_2 and all fixed modes)
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
AOI height / pixel
Figure 60: Graph of frame rate in progressive scan mode Oscar F-810C
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Video formats, modes and bandwidth
Oscar F-810C: interlaced modes
For all interlaced modes (i.e. Format_7 Mode_0 and Mode_1), the following
formula applies:
1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
frame rate =
AOI_HEIGHT
AOI_HEIGHT
⎛
⎛
⎞
⎞
-----------------------------
-----------------------------
3 × 291µs + 831 –
× 16µs +
× 128µs
⎝
⎝
⎠
⎠
3
3
Formula 11: Frame rate calculation interlaced modes Oscar F-810C
AOI height
Tframe / s
Frame rate / fps
2470
2400
1536
1200
1024
960
600
480
240
0.317
0.310
0.213
0.175
0.155
0.148
0.108
0.095
0.068
3.151
3.230
4.699
5.709
6.433
6.744
9.263
10.580
14.784
Table 60: Frame rates interlaced modes Oscar F-810C
Frame rate = f(AOI height)
OF-810C Interlaced (Format_7, Mode_0 and Mode_1)
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
AOI height / pixel
Figure 61: Graph of frame rate in interlaced mode Oscar F-810C
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How does bandwidth affect the frame rate?
How does bandwidth affect the frame
rate?
In some modes the IEEE 1394a bus limits the attainable frame rate. Accord-
ing to the 1394a specification on isochronous transfer, the largest data pay-
load size of 4096 bytes per 125 µs cycle is possible with bandwidth of
400 Mbit/s. In addition, because of a limitation in an IEEE 1394 module
(GP2Lynx), only a maximum number of 4095 packets per frame are allowed.
The following formula establishes the relationship between the required
Byte_Per_Packet size and certain variables for the image. It is valid only for
Format_7.
BYTE_PER_PACKET = Framerate × AOIWidth × AOIHeight × ByteDepth × 125µs
Formula 12: Byte_per_Packet calculation (only Format_7)
If the value for BYTE_PER_PACKET is greater than 4096 (the maximum data
payload), the sought-after frame rate cannot be attained.
The attainable frame rate can be calculated using this formula:
(Provision: BYTE_PER_PACKET is divisible by 4):
BYTE_PER_PACKET
AOIWidth × AOIHeight × ByteDepth × 125µs
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
frame rate ≈
Formula 13: Maximum frame rate calculation
ByteDepth is based on the following values:
Mode
bit/pixel
byte per pixel
Mono8
8
16
16
12
24
1
2
Mono16
YUV4:2:2
YUV4:1:1
RGB8
2
1.5
3
Table 61: ByteDepth
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How does bandwidth affect the frame rate?
Example formula for the Oscar F-810C camera
RGB8, 3272 x 2496 pixel, 2 fps desired
BYTE_PER_PACKET = 2 × 3272 × 2469 × 3 × 125µs = 6004 > 4096
4096
------------------------------------------------------------
= 1.35
⇒ framerate
≈
reachable
3272 × 2469 × 3 × 125µs
Formula 14: Example maximum frame rate calculation
Test images
Loading test images
FirePackage
Fire4Linux
1. Start SmartView.
2. Click the Edit settings button.
1. Start cc1394 viewer.
2. In Adjustments menu click on
Picture Control.
3. Click Adv1 tab.
3. Click Main tab.
4. In combo box Test images
choose Image 1 or another test
image.
4. Activate Test image check box
on.
5. In combo box Test images
choose Image 1 or another test
image.
Table 62: Loading test images in different viewers
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How does bandwidth affect the frame rate?
Oscar cameras have two test images.
Figure 62: Test image 1
The second image is in colors:
Figure 63: Test image 2
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Configuration of the camera
Configuration of the camera
All camera settings are made by writing specific values into the correspond-
ing registers.
This applies to:
• values for general operating states such as video formats and modes,
exposure times, etc.
• extended features of the camera that are turned on and off and con-
trolled via corresponding registers (so-called advanced registers).
Camera_Status_Register
The interoperability of cameras from different manufacturers is ensured by
IIDC, formerly DCAM (Digital Camera Specification), published by the
IEEE 1394 Trade Association.
IIDC is primarily concerned with setting memory addresses (e.g. CSR:
Camera_Status_Register) and their meaning.
In principle all addresses in IEEE 1394 networks are 64 bit long.
The first 10 bit describe the Bus_Id, the next 6 bit the Node_Id.
Of the subsequent 48 bit, the first 16 bit are always FFFFh, leaving the
description for the Camera_Status_Register in the last 32 bit.
If a CSR F0F00600h is mentioned below this means in full:
Bus_Id, Node_Id, FFFF F0F00600h
Writing and reading to and from the register can be done with programs such
as FireView or by other programs that are developed using an API library
(e.g. FirePackage).
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Configuration of the camera
Every register is 32 bit (big endian) and implemented as follows (MSB = Most
Significant Bit; LSB = Least Significant Bit):
Far left
Bit
0
Bit
1
Bit
...
2
Bit
30
Bit
31
MSB
LSB
Table 63: 32-bit register
Example
80000000 h must be written in the corresponding register.
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Configuration of the camera
Figure 64: Configuration of the camera
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Configuration of the camera
Configuration ROM
The information in the configuration ROM is needed to identify the node,
its capabilities and which drivers are required.
The base address for the configuration ROM for all registers is
FFFF F0000000h.
Note
If you want to use the DirectControl program to read or write
to a register, enter the following value in the Address field:
F0F00000h + Offset
L
The configuration ROM is divided into
• Bus info block: providing critical information about bus-related capabil-
ities
• Root directory: specifying the rest of the content and organization,
such as:
– Node unique ID leaf
– Unit directory
– Unit dependant info
The base address of the camera control register is calculated as follows based
on the camera-specific base address:
Offset
400h
404h
408h
40Ch
410h
414h
418h
0-7
04
31
20
00
00
00
03
0C
8D
D1
8-15 16-23 24-31
24
33
00
0A
00
04
00
00
00
00
45
39
A0
47
EE
34 …. ASCII for 1394
00 …. Bus capabilities
01 …. Node_Vendor_Id, Chip_id_hi
Bus info block
Serial number …. Chip_id_lo
B7
0A
83
00
00
85 According to IEEE1212, the root directory
may have another length. The keys (e.g.
8D) point to the offset factors rather than
the offset (e.g.420h) itself.
47
C0
02
04
Root directory 41Ch
420h
424h
Table 64: Configuration ROM
The entry with key 8D in the root directory (420h in this case) provides the
offset for the Node unique ID leaf.
To compute the effective start address of the node unique ID leaf:
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Configuration of the camera
To compute the effective start address of the node unique ID leaf
currAddr
destAddr
= node unique ID leaf address
= address of directory entry
addrOffset = value of directory entry
destAddr
= currAddr + (4 x addrOffset)
= 420h + (4 x 000002h)
= 428h
Table 65: Computing effective start address
420h + 000002h x 4 = 428h
Offset
0-7
8-15
16-23 24-31
428h
42Ch
430h
00
00
00
02
0A
00
CA
47
71
01
Node unique ID leaf
Serial number
Table 66: Configuration ROM
The entry with key D1 in the root directory (424h in this case) provides the
offset for the unit directory as follows:
424h + 000004h x 4 = 434h
Offset
0-7
8-15
16-23 24-31
434h
438h
43Ch
440h
00
12
13
D4
03
00
00
00
93
A0
01
00
7D
2D
02
01
Unit directory
Table 67: Configuration ROM
The entry with key D4 in the unit directory (440h in this case) provides the
offset for unit dependent info:
440h + 000001h * 4 = 444h
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Configuration of the camera
Offset 0-7
8-15
16-23 24-31
444h
00
03
7F
89
....unit_dep_info_length, CRC
Unit dependent info 448h
40
81
82
3C
00
00
00
00
00
00
02
06
....command_regs_base
....vender_name_leaf
....model_name_leaf
44Ch
450h
Table 68: Configuration ROM
And finally, the entry with key 40 (448h in this case) provides the offset for
the camera control register:
FFFF F0000000h + 3C0000h x 4 = FFFF F0F00000h
The base address of the camera control register is thus:
FFFF F0F00000h
The offset entered in the table always refers to the base address of
F0F00000h.
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Configuration of the camera
Implemented registers (IIDC V1.3)
The following tables show how standard registers from IIDC V1.3 are imple-
mented in the camera.
• Base address is F0F00000h
• Differences and explanations can be found in the Description column.
Camera initialize register
Offset Name
000h INITIALIZE
Notes
Assert MSB = 1 for Init.
Table 69: Camera initialize register
Inquiry register for video format
Offset Name
100h V_FORMAT_INQ
Field
Bit
Description
Format_0
Format_1
Format_2
Format_3
Format_6
Format_7
---
[0]
Up to VGA (non compressed)
SVGA to XGA
[1]
[2]
SXGA to UXGA
[3..5]
[6]
Reserved
Still Image Format
Partial Image Format
Reserved
[7]
[8..31]
Table 70: Format inquiry register
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Configuration of the camera
Inquiry register for video mode
Offset Name
V_MODE_INQ
Field
Bit
Description
160 x 120
Color mode
YUV 4:4:4
YUV 4:2:2
YUV 4:1:1
YUV 4:2:2
RGB
180h
184h
188h
Mode_0
Mode_1
Mode_2
Mode_3
Mode_4
Mode_5
Mode_6
Mode_X
---
[0]
[1]
320 x 240
(Format_0)
[2]
640 x 480
[3]
640 x 480
[4]
640 x 480
[5]
640 x 480
MONO8
[6]
640 x 480
MONO16
[7]
Reserved
[8..31]
[0]
Reserved (zero)
800 x 600
V_MODE_INQ
(Format_1)
Mode_0
Mode_1
Mode_2
Mode_3
Mode_4
Mode_5
Mode_6
Mode_7
---
YUV 4:2:2
RGB
[1]
800 x 600
[2]
800 x 600
MONO8
YUV 4:2:2
RGB
[3]
1024 x 768
1024 x 768
1024 x 768
800 x 600
[4]
[5]
MONO8
MONO16
MONO16
[6]
[7]
1024 x 768
Reserved (zero)
1280 x 960
1280 x 960
1280 x 960
1600 x 1200
1600 x 1200
1600 x 1200
1280 x 960
1600 x 1200
Reserved (zero)
[8..31]
[0]
V_MODE_INQ
(Format_2)
Mode_0
Mode_1
Mode_2
Mode_3
Mode_4
Mode_5
Mode_6
Mode_7
---
YUV 4:2:2
RGB
[1]
[2]
MONO8
YUV 4:2:2
RGB
[3]
[4]
[5]
MONO8
MONO16
MONO16
[6]
[7]
[8..31]
18Ch
…
Reserved for other V_MODE_INQ_x for Format_x.
V_MODE_INQ_6 (Format_6)
Always 0
Always 0
197h
198h
Table 71: Video mode inquiry register
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Configuration of the camera
Offset Name
Field
Bit
Description
Color mode
19Ch
V_MODE_INQ
(Format_7)
Mode_0
Mode_1
Mode_2
Mode_3
Mode_4
Mode_5
Mode_6
Mode_7
---
[0]
Format_7 Mode_0
Format_7 Mode_1
Format_7 Mode_2
Format_7 Mode_3
Format_7 Mode_4
Format_7 Mode_5
Format_7 Mode_6
Format_7 Mode_7
Reserved (zero)
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8..31]
Table 71: Video mode inquiry register
Inquiry register for video frame rate and base
address
Offset Name
200h V_RATE_INQ
Field
Bit
Description
Reserved
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[0]
[1]
Reserved
(Format_0, Mode_0)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
120 fps (IIDC V1.31)
240 fps (IIDC V1.31)
Reserved (zero)
1.875 fps
[7]
[8..31]
[0]
204h
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[1]
3.75 fps
(Format_0, Mode_1)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
120 fps (IIDC V1.31)
240 fps (IIDC V1.31)
Reserved (zero)
[7]
[8..31]
Table 72: Frame rate inquiry register
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Configuration of the camera
Offset Name
Field
Bit
Description
1.875 fps
208h
20Ch
210h
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[0]
[1]
3.75 fps
(Format_0, Mode_2)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
120 fps (IIDC V1.31)
240 fps (IIDC V1.31)
Reserved (zero)
1.875 fps
[7]
[8..31]
[0]
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[1]
3.75 fps
(Format_0, Mode_3)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
120 fps (IIDC V1.31)
240 fps (IIDC V1.31)
Reserved (zero)
1.875 fps
[7]
[8..31]
[0]
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[1]
3.75 fps
(Format_0, Mode_4)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
120 fps (IIDC V1.31)
240 fps (IIDC V1.31)
Reserved (zero)
[7]
[8..31]
Table 72: Frame rate inquiry register
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Configuration of the camera
Offset Name
Field
Bit
Description
1.875 fps
214h
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[0]
[1]
3.75 fps
(Format_0, Mode_5)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
120 fps (IIDC V1.31)
240 fps (IIDC V1.31)
Reserved (zero)
1.875 fps
[7]
[8..31]
[0]
218h
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[1]
3.75 fps
(Format_0, Mode_6)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
120 fps (IIDC V1.31)
240 fps (IIDC V1.31)
Reserved (zero)
[7]
[8..31]
21Ch
…
Reserved V_RATE_INQ_0_x (for other Mode_x of
Format_0)
Always 0
21Fh
220h
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[0]
Reserved
[1]
3.75 fps
(Format_1, Mode_0)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
120 fps (IIDC V1.31)
240 fps (IIDC V1.31)
Reserved (zero)
[7]
[8..31]
Table 72: Frame rate inquiry register
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Configuration of the camera
Offset Name
Field
Bit
Description
Reserved
224h
228h
22Ch
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[0]
[1]
Reserved
(Format_1, Mode_1)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
120 fps (IIDC V1.31)
240 fps (IIDC V1.31)
Reserved (zero)
Reserved
[7]
[8..31]
[0]
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[1]
Reserved
(Format_1, Mode_2)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
120 fps (IIDC V1.31)
240 fps (IIDC V1.31)
Reserved (zero)
1.875 fps
[7]
[8..31]
[0]
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[1]
3.75 fps
(Format_1, Mode_3)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
120 fps (IIDC V1.31)
240 fps (IIDC V1.31)
Reserved (zero)
[7]
[8..31]
Table 72: Frame rate inquiry register
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Configuration of the camera
Offset Name
Field
Bit
Description
1.875 fps
230h
234h
238h
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[0]
[1]
3.75 fps
(Format_1, Mode_4)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
120 fps (IIDC V1.31)
240 fps (IIDC V1.31)
Reserved (zero)
1.875 fps
[7]
[8..31]
[0]
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[1]
3.75 fps
(Format_1, Mode_5)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
120 fps (IIDC V1.31)
240 fps (IIDC V1.31)
Reserved (zero)
1.875 fps
[7]
[8..31]
[0]
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[1]
3.75 fps
(Format_1, Mode_6)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
120 fps (IIDC V1.31)
240 fps (IIDC V1.31)
Reserved (zero)
[7]
[8..31]
Table 72: Frame rate inquiry register
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Configuration of the camera
Offset Name
Field
Bit
Description
1.875 fps
3.75 fps
23Ch
240h
244h
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[0]
[1]
(Format_1, Mode_7)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
120 fps (IIDC V1.31)
Reserved
Reserved (zero)
1.875 fps
3.75 fps
[7]
[8..31]
[0]
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[1]
(Format_2, Mode_0)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved (zero)
1.875 fps
3.75 fps
[7]
[8..31]
[0]
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[1]
(Format_2, Mode_1)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved (zero)
[7]
[8..31]
Table 72: Frame rate inquiry register
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Configuration of the camera
Offset Name
Field
Bit
Description
1.875 fps
3.75 fps
248h
24Ch
250h
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[0]
[1]
(Format_2, Mode_2)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
120 fps (IIDC V1.31)
Reserved
Reserved (zero)
1.875 fps
3.75 fps
[7]
[8..31]
[0]
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[1]
(Format_2, Mode_3)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved (zero)
1.875 fps
3.75 fps
[7]
[8..31]
[0]
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[1]
(Format_2, Mode_4)
[2]
7.5 fps
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved (zero)
[6]
[7]
[8..31]
Table 72: Frame rate inquiry register
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Configuration of the camera
Offset Name
Field
Bit
Description
1.875 fps
3.75 fps
7.5 fps
254h
258h
25Ch
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[0]
[1]
(Format_2, Mode_5)
[2]
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved (zero)
1.875 fps
3.75 fps
7.5 fps
[7]
[8..31]
[0]
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[1]
(Format_2, Mode_6)
[2]
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved (zero)
1.875 fps
3.75 fps
7.5 fps
[7]
[8..31]
[0]
V_RATE_INQ
FrameRate_0
FrameRate_1
FrameRate_2
FrameRate_3
FrameRate_4
FrameRate_5
FrameRate_6
FrameRate_7
---
[1]
(Format_2, Mode_7)
[2]
[3]
15 fps
[4]
30 fps
[5]
60 fps
[6]
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
[7]
[8..31]
260h
…
Reserved V_RATE_INQ_y_x (for other Format_y, Mode_x)
V_REV_INQ_6_0 (Format_6, Mode_0)
2BFh
2C0h
2C4h
..
Always 0
Reserved V_REV_INQ_6_x (for other Mode_x of Format_6) Always 0
2DFh
Table 72: Frame rate inquiry register
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Configuration of the camera
Offset Name
Field
Bit
Description
2E0h
[0..31]
CSR_quadlet offset for Format_7
Mode_0
V-CSR_INQ_7_0
V-CSR_INQ_7_1
V-CSR_INQ_7_2
V-CSR_INQ_7_3
V-CSR_INQ_7_4
V-CSR_INQ_7_5
V-CSR_INQ_7_6
V-CSR_INQ_7_7
2E4h
2E8h
2ECh
2F0h
2F4h
2F8h
2FCh
[0..31]
[0..31]
[0..31]
[0..31]
[0..31]
[0..31]
[0..31]
CSR_quadlet offset for Format_7
Mode_1
CSR_quadlet offset for Format_7
Mode_2
CSR_quadlet offset for Format_7
Mode_3
CSR_quadlet offset for Format_7
Mode_4
CSR_quadlet offset for Format_7
Mode_5
CSR_quadlet offset for Format_7
Mode_6
CSR_quadlet offset for Format_7
Mode_7
Table 72: Frame rate inquiry register
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Configuration of the camera
Inquiry register for basic function
Offset Name
Field
Bit
Description
400h BASIC_FUNC_INQ Advanced_Feature_Inq
[0]
Inquiry for advanced features
(vendor unique features)
Vmode_Error_Status_Inq
[1]
Inquiry for existence of
Vmode_Error_Status register
Feature_Control_Error_Status_Inq [2]
Inquiry for existence of
Feature_Control_Error_Status
Opt_Func_CSR_Inq
---
[3]
Inquiry for Opt_Func_CSR
Reserved
[4..7]
[8]
1394b_mode_Capability
Inquiry for
1394b_mode_Capability
---
[9..15] Reserved
[16] Camera process power ON/
OFF capability
[17..18] Reserved
Cam_Power_Cntl
---
One_Shot_Inq
[19]
One-shot transmission capa-
bility
Multi_Shot_Inq
[20]
Multi-shot transmission
capability
---
[21..27] Reserved
Memory_Channel
[28..31] Maximum memory channel
number (N)
If 0000, no user memory
available
Table 73: Basic function inquiry register
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Configuration of the camera
Inquiry register for feature presence
Offset Name
Field
Bit
Description
404h
FEATURE_HI_INQ
Brightness
Auto_Exposure
Sharpness
White_Balance
Hue
[0]
Brightness control
Auto exposure control
Sharpness control
White balance control
Hue control
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
Saturation
Gamma
[5]
Saturation control
Gamma control
[6]
Shutter
Gain
[7]
Shutter control
[8]
Gain control
Iris
[9]
Iris control
Focus
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
[15]
Focus control
Temperature
Trigger
Temperature control
Trigger control
Trigger_Delay
White_Shading
Frame_Rate
---
Trigger delay control
White shading control
Frame rate control
[16..31] Reserved
408h
FEATURE_LO_INQ
Zoom
[0]
Zoom control
Pan
[1]
Pan control
Tilt
[2]
Tilt control
Optical_Filter
---
[3]
Optical filter control
Reserved
[4..15]
[16]
[17]
Capture_Size
Capture_Quality
---
Capture size for Format_6
Capture quality for Format_6
[16..31] Reserved
40Ch
OPT_FUNCTION_INQ
---
[0]
Reserved
PIO
[1]
Parallel input/output control
Serial input/output control
Strobe signal output
SIO
[2]
Strobe_out
[4..31]
Table 74: Feature presence inquiry register
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Configuration of the camera
Offset Name
Field
Bit
Description
410h
..
Reserved
Address error on access
47Fh
Advanced_Feature_Quadlet_Offset
480h
Advanced_Feature_Inq
[0..31]
Quadlet offset of the
advanced feature CSRs from
the base address of initial
register space (vendor
unique)
This register is the offset for
the Access_Control_Register
and thus the base address for
advanced Features.
Access_Control_Registerdoes
not prevent access to
advanced features. In some
programs it should still
always be activated first.
Advanced Feature Set
Unique Value is 7ACh and
CompanyID is A47h.
PIO_Control_Quadlet_Offset
SIO_Control_Quadlet_Offset
Strobe_Output_Quadlet_Offset
484h
488h
48Ch
PIO_Control_CSR_Inq
SIO_Control_CSR_Inq
Strobe_Output_CSR_Inq
[0..31]
[0..31]
[0..31]
Quadlet offset of the
PIO_Control CSRs from the
base address of initial regis-
ter space (vendor unique)
Quadlet offset of the
SIO_Control CSR's from the
base address of initial regis-
ter space (vendor unique)
Quadlet offset of the
Strobe_Output signal CSRs
from the base address of ini-
tial register space (vendor
unique)
Table 74: Feature presence inquiry register
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Configuration of the camera
Inquiry register for feature elements
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF0F00500 BRIGHTNESS_INQUIRY Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
Abs_Control_Inq
[1]
Capability of control with
absolute value
---
[2]
[3]
Reserved
One_Push_Inq
One-push auto mode (con-
trolled automatically by the
camera once)
Readout_Inq
ON_OFF
[4]
Capability of reading out the
value of this feature
[5]
Capability of switching this
feature ON and OFF
Auto_Inq
[6]
Auto mode (controlled auto-
matically by the camera)
Manual_Inq
Min_Value
Max_Value
[7]
Manual mode (controlled by
user)
[8..19]
[20..31]
Minimum value for this fea-
ture
Maximum value for this fea-
ture
504h
508h
50Ch
510h
514h
518h
51Ch
520h
524h
528h
52Ch
AUTO_EXPOSURE_INQ
SHARPNESS_INQ
WHITE_BAL_INQ
HUE_INQ
Same definition as Brightness_inq.
Same definition as Brightness_inq.
Same definition as Brightness_inq.
Same definition as Brightness_inq.
Same definition as Brightness_inq.
Same definition as Brightness_inq.
Same definition as Brightness_inq.
Same definition as Brightness_inq.
Always 0
SATURATION_INQ
GAMMA_INQ
SHUTTER_INQ
GAIN_INQ
IRIS_INQ
FOCUS_INQ
Always 0
TEMPERATURE_INQ
Same definition as Brightness_inq.
Table 75: Feature elements inquiry register
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Configuration of the camera
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
530h
TRIGGER_INQ
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
Abs_Control_Inq
[1]
Capability of control with
absolute value
---
[2..3
[4]
Reserved
Readout_Inq
Capability of reading out the
value of this feature
ON_OFF
Polarity_Inq
---
[5]
Capability of switching this
feature ON and OFF
[6]
Capability of changing the
polarity of the trigger input
[7..15]
Reserved
Trigger_Mode0_Inq [16]
Trigger_Mode1_Inq [17]
Trigger_Mode2_Inq [18]
Trigger_Mode3_Inq [19]
Presence of Trigger_Mode_0
Presence of Trigger_Mode_1
Presence of Trigger_Mode_2
Presence of Trigger_Mode_3
Reserved
---
[20..31
534h
TRIGGER_DELAY_INQUIRY Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
Abs_Control_Inq
[1]
Capability of control with
absolute value
---
[2]
[3]
Reserved
One_Push_Inq
One-push auto mode con-
trolled automatically by the
camera once)
Readout_Inq
ON_OFF
[4]
Capability of reading out the
value of this feature
[5]
Capability of switching this
feature ON and OFF
Auto_Inq
[6]
Auto mode (controlled auto-
matically by the camera)
Manual_Inq
Min_Value
Max_Value
[7]
Manual mode (controlled by
user)
[8..19]
[20..31]
Minimum value for this fea-
ture
Maximum value for this fea-
ture
538 .. 57Ch
Reserved for other FEATURE_HI_INQ
Table 75: Feature elements inquiry register
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Configuration of the camera
Register
580h
584h
588h
58Ch
590
Name
Field
Bit
Description
Always 0
ZOOM_INQ
PAN_INQ
Always 0
Always 0
Always 0
TILT_INQ
OPTICAL_FILTER_INQ
Reserved for other
FEATURE_LO_INQ
..
Always 0
5BCh
5C0h
5C4h
5C8h
..
CAPTURE_SIZE_INQ
Always 0
Always 0
CAPTURE_QUALITY_INQ
Reserved for other
FEATURE_LO_INQ
Always 0
5FCh
600h
604h
608h
60Ch
610h
614h
618h
61Ch
CUR-V-Frm_RATE/Revision Bit [0..2] for the frame rate
CUR-V-MODE
CUR-V-FORMAT
ISO-Channel
Camera_Power
Bit [0..2] for the current video mode
Bit [0..2] for the current video format
Bit [0..3] for channel, [6..7] for ISO speed
Always 0
ISO_EN/Continuous_Shot Bit 0: 1 for continuous shot; 0 for stop
Memory_Save
Always 0
Always 0
One_Shot, Multi_Shot,
Count Number
620h
624
Mem_Save_Ch
Cur_Mem_Ch
Always 0
628h
Vmode_Error_Status
Error in combination of format/mode/ISO speed:
Bit(0): No error; Bit(0)=1: error
Table 75: Feature elements inquiry register
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Configuration of the camera
Inquiry register for absolute value CSR offset
address
Offset
700h
704h
708h
70Ch
710h
714h
718h
71Ch
720h
724h
728h
72Ch
730h
734
Name
Notes
ABS_CSR_HI_INQ_0
ABS_CSR_HI_INQ_1
ABS_CSR_HI_INQ_2
ABS_CSR_HI_INQ_3
ABS_CSR_HI_INQ_4
ABS_CSR_HI_INQ_5
ABS_CSR_HI_INQ_6
ABS_CSR_HI_INQ_7
ABS_CSR_HI_INQ_8
ABS_CSR_HI_INQ_9
ABS_CSR_HI_INQ_10
ABS_CSR_HI_INQ_11
ABS_CSR_HI_INQ_12
Always 0
Always 0
Always 0
Always 0
Always 0
Always 0
Always 0
Always 0
Always 0
Always 0
Always 0
Always 0
Always 0
..
Reserved
Always 0
77Fh
780h
784h
788h
78Ch
790h
..
ABS_CSR_LO_INQ_0
ABS_CSR_LO_INQ_1
ABS_CSR_LO_INQ_2
ABS_CSR_LO_INQ_3
Always 0
Always 0
Always 0
Always 0
Reserved
Always 0
7BFh
7C0h
7C4h
7C8h
..
ABS_CSR_LO_INQ_16
ABS_CSR_LO_INQ_17
Always 0
Always 0
Reserved
Always 0
7FFh
Table 76: Absolute value inquiry register
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Configuration of the camera
Status and control register for one-push
The one-push feature WHITE_BALANCE, is currently implemented. If this flag
is set, the feature becomes immediately active, even if no images are being
Offset
Name
Field
Bit
Description
800h
BRIGHTNESS
Presence_Inq
[0]
Presence of this feature
0: N/A
1: Available
Abs_Control
[1]
Absolute value control
0: Control with value in the Value field
1: Control with value in the Absolute
value CSR
If this bit = 1, value in the Value field is
ignored.
---
[2-4]
[5]
Reserved
One_Push
Write 1: begin to work (Self cleared after
operation)
Read: Value=1 in operation
Value=0 not in operation
If A_M_Mode =1, this bit is ignored.
Write: ON or OFF this feature
Read: read a status
ON_OFF
[6]
[7]
0: OFF, 1: ON
If this bit =0, other fields will be read
only.
A_M_Mode
Write: set the mode
Read: read a current mode
0: Manual
1: Auto
---
[8-19] Reserved
[20-31] Value.
Value
Write the value in Auto mode, this field
is ignored.
If ReadOut capability is not available,
read value has no meaning.
Table 77: Feature control register
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Configuration of the camera
Offset
Name
Field
Bit
Description
804h
AUTO-EXPOSURE
See above
Note: Target grey level parameter in
SmartView corresponds to Auto_exposure
register 0xF0F00804 (IIDC).
808h
SHARPNESS
See above
Table 77: Feature control register
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Configuration of the camera
Offset
Name
Field
Bit
Description
80Ch
WHITE-BALANCE
Presence_Inq
[0]
Presence of this feature
0: N/A
1: Available
Always 0 for Mono
Abs_Control
[1]
Absolute value control
0: Control with value in the Value field
1: Control with value in the Absolute
value CSR
If this bit = 1, value in the Value field is
ignored.
---
[2-4]
[5]
Reserved
One_Push
Write '1': begin to work (Self cleared after
operation)
Read: Value='1' in operation
Value='0' not in operation
If A_M_Mode =1, this bit is ignored.
Write: ON or OFF this feature,
Read: read a status
ON_OFF
[6]
[7]
0: OFF
1: ON
If this bit =0, other fields will be read
only.
A_M_Mode
Write: set the mode
Read: read a current mode
0: Manual
1: Auto
U_Value /
B_Value
[8-19] U value / B value
Write the value in AUTO mode, this field
is ignored.
If ReadOut capability is not available,
read value has no meaning.
V_Value /
R_Value
[20-31] V value / R value
Write the value in AUTO mode, this field
is ignored.
If ReadOut capability is not available,
read value has no meaning.
Table 77: Feature control register
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Configuration of the camera
Offset
Name
Field
Bit
Description
810h
HUE
See above
Always 0 for Mono
See above
814h
SATURATION
Always 0 for Mono
See above
818h
81Ch
GAMMA
SHUTTER
see Advanced Feature time base
See above
820h
824h
828h
82Ch
830h
GAIN
IRIS
Always 0
FOCUS
Always 0
TEMPERATURE
TRIGGER-MODE
Always 0
Can be effected via advanced feature
IO_INP_CTRLx.
834h
..
Reserved for other
FEATURE_HI
Always 0
87C
880h
884h
888h
88Ch
890
Zoom
Always 0
Always 0
Always 0
Always 0
PAN
TILT
OPTICAL_FILTER
Reserved for other
FEATURE_LO
..
Always 0
8BCh
8C0h
8C4h
CAPTURE-SIZE
Always 0
Always 0
Always 0
CAPTURE-QUALITY
8C8h ..
8FCh
Reserved for other
FEATURE_LO
Table 77: Feature control register
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Configuration of the camera
Feature control error status register
Offset Name
Notes
640h
644h
Feature_Control_Error_Status_HI
Feature_Control_Error_Status_LO
Always 0
Always 0
Table 78: Feature control error register
Video mode control and status registers for
Format_7
Note
Color_Coding_ID and Inq is important for the various (above
standard) color modes of the OSCAR cameras and is explained
L
Quadlet offset Format_7 Mode_0
The quadlet offset to the base address for Format_7 Mode_0, which can be
page 153) gives 003C2000h.
4 x 3C2000h = F08000h so that the base address for the latter (Table 79:
F0000000h + F08000h = F0F08000h.
Quadlet offset Format_7 Mode_1
The quadlet offset to the base address for Format_7 Mode_1, which can be
page 153) gives 003C2400h.
4 x 003C2400h = F09000h so that the base address for the latter (Table 79:
F0000000h + F09000h = F0F09000h.
Format_7 control and status register (CSR)
Offset
000h
004h
008h
Name
Notes
MAX_IMAGE_SIZE_INQ
UNIT_SIZE_INQ
IMAGE_POSITION
According to IIDC V1.3
According to IIDC V1.3
According to IIDC V1.3
Table 79: Format_7 control and status register
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Configuration of the camera
Offset
00Ch
010h
014h
034h
038h
03Ch
040h
044h
Name
Notes
IMAGE_SIZE
According to IIDC V1.3
See note
COLOR_CODING_ID
COLOR_CODING_INQ
PIXEL_NUMER_INQ
TOTAL_BYTES_HI_INQ
TOTAL_BYTES_LO_INQ
PACKET_PARA_INQ
BYTE_PER_PACKET
According to IIDC V1.3
According to IIDC V1.3
According to IIDC V1.3
According to IIDC V1.3
See note
According to IIDC V1.3
Table 79: Format_7 control and status register
Note
• For all modes in Format_7, ErrorFlag_1 and
ErrorFlag_2 are refreshed on each access to the
Format_7 register.
L
• Contrary to IIDC V1.3, registers relevant to Format_7
are refreshed on each access. The Setting_1 bit is
automatically cleared after each access.
• When ErrorFlag_1 or ErrorFlag_2 are set and Format_7
is configured, no image capture is started.
• Contrary to IIDC v.1.3, COLOR_CODING_ID is set to a
default value after an INITIALIZE or reset.
• Contrary to IIDC V1.3, the UnitBytePerPacket field is
already filled in with a fixed value in the
PACKET_PARA_INQ register.
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Configuration of the camera
Advanced features (AVT-specific)
The camera has a variety of extended features going beyond the possibilities
described in IIDC V1.3. The following chapter summarizes all available
advanced features in ascending register order.
Note
This chapter is a reference guide for advanced registers
and does not explain the advanced features itself. For
detailed description of the theoretical background see
L
• Links given in the table below
Advanced registers summary
The following table gives an overview of all available advanced registers:
Register
Register name
Description
0XF1000010
VERSION_INFO
0XF1000040
0XF1000044
0XF1000200
ADV_INQ_1
ADV_INQ_2
MAX_RESOLUTION
0XF1000208
0XF100020C
TIMEBASE
EXTD_SHUTTER
0XF1000210
0XF1000220
0XF1000224
0XF1000240
0XF1000244
0XF1000248
0XF1000250
0XF1000254
0XF1000258
0XF1000260
0XF1000270
0XF1000274
TEST_IMAGE
SEQUENCE_CTRL
SEQUENCE_PARAM
LUT_CTRL
except MF131x and OSCAR
except MF131x and OSCAR
LUT_MEM_CTRL
LUT_INFO
SHDG_CTRL
SHDG_MEM_CTRL
SHDG_INFO
DEFERRED_TRANS
FRAMEINFO
FRAMECOUNTER
see FRMCNT_STAMP
Table 80: Advanced registers summary
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Configuration of the camera
Register
Register name
Description
0XF1000280
0XF1000284
0XF1000288
0XF100028C
0XF1000290
0XF1000294
0XF1000300
0XF1000304
0XF1000308
0XF1000320
0XF1000324
0XF1000328
0XF1000340
0XF1000360
0XF1000364
0XF1000368
0XF1000370
0XF1000390
0XF10003A0
0XF1000400
0XF1000410
0XF1000414
0XF1000510
0XF1000520
0XF1000550
0XF1000600
HDR_CONTROL
KNEEPOINT_1
KNEEPOINT_2
KNEEPOINT_3
DSNU_CONTROL
BLEMISH_CONTROL
IO_INP_CTRL1
IO_INP_CTRL2
IO_INP_CTRL3
IO_OUTP_CTRL1
IO_OUTP_CTRL2
IO_OUTP_CTRL3
IO_INTENA_DELAY
AUTOSHUTTER_CTRL
AUTOSHUTTER_LO
AUTOSHUTTER_HI
AUTOGAIN_CTRL
AUTOFNC_AOI
COLOR_CORR
MF131x only
MF131x only
MF131x only
MF131x only
MF131B only; Firmware 2.02
MF131x only; Firmware 2.02
Dolphin series only
Dolphin series only
Marlin/Oscar series only
Marlin/Oscar series only
Marlin/Oscar series only
Marlin/Oscar series only
Marlin/Oscar series only
Marlin/Oscar CCD type color cameras only
TRIGGER_DELAY
MIRROR_IMAGE
MNR
Marlin/Oscar series only
OSCAR only
SOFT_RESET
HIGH_SNR
USER_PROFILE
TIMESTAMP
aka secure image signature (SIS)
Marlin series only
0XF1000610
0XF1000620
0XF1000FFC
0XF1001000
FRMCNT_STAMP
TRGCNT_STAMP
GPDATA_INFO
Marlin series only
Marlin series only
GPDATA_BUFFER
Table 80: Advanced registers summary
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Configuration of the camera
Note
Always activate advanced features before accessing them.
L
Note
• Currently all registers can be written without being
activated. This makes it easier to operate the camera
using Directcontrol.
L
• AVT reserves the right to require activation in future
versions of the software.
Version information register
The presence of each of the following features can be queried by the 0 bit of
the corresponding register.
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000010
VERSION_INFO1
µC type ID
µC version
[0..15]
[16..31]
[0..31]
[0..15]
[16..31]
[0..31]
Reserved
Bcd-coded version number
Reserved
0xF1000014
0xF1000018
VERSION_INFO3
Camera type ID
FPGA version
See below
Bcd-coded version number
Reserved
0xF100001C
Table 81: Advanced register: Version information
This register holds information about the node_hw_version, the
node_sw_version and the node_spec_ID (camera type). µC version and FPGA
version are bcd-coded, which means that e.g. firmware version 0.85 is read
as 0x0085.
The FPGA type ID (= camera type ID) identifies the camera type with the help
of the following list:
ID (decimal) Camera type
1
2
3
4
5
F145b
F145c
F201b
F201c
F145b-1
Table 82: Camera type ID list
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Configuration of the camera
ID (decimal) Camera type
6
7
8
9
F145c-1
F201b-1
F201c-1
MF033B
10
MF033C
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
MF046B
MF046C
MF080B
MF080C
MF145B2
MF145C2
MF131B
MF131C
MF145B2-15fps
MF145C2-15fps
M2F033B
M2F033C
M2F046B
M2F046C
M2F080B
M2F080C
M2F145B2
M2F145C2
31
32
M2F145B2-15fps
M2F145C2-15fps
38
40
42
OF320C
OF510C
OF810C
43
44
45
46
M2F080B-30fps
M2F080C-30fps
M2F145B2-ASM
MM2F145C2-ASM
Table 82: Camera type ID list
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Configuration of the camera
ID (decimal) Camera type
47
M2F201B
M2F201C
M2F146B
M2F146C
48
49
50
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
PIKE F-032B
PIKE F-032C
PIKE F-100B
PIKE F-100C
PIKE F-145B
PIKE F-145C
PIKE F-210B
PIKE F-210C
-
-
PIKE F-421B
PIKE F-421C
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
GUPPY F-033B
GUPPY F-033C
GUPPY F-036B
GUPPY F-036C
GUPPY F-046B
GUPPY F-046C
GUPPY F-080B
GUPPY F-080C
-
-
-
-
GUPPY F-033B BL (board level)
GUPPY F-033C BL (board level)
GUPPY F-025B
GUPPY F-025C
GUPPY F-029B
Table 82: Camera type ID list
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Configuration of the camera
ID (decimal) Camera type
218
GUPPY F-029C
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
GUPPY F-038B
GUPPY F-038C
GUPPY F-038B NIR
GUPPY F-038C NIR
GUPPY F-044B NIR
GUPPY F-044C NIR
GUPPY F-080B BL (board level)
GUPPY F-080C BL (board level)
GUPPY F-044B
GUPPY F-044C
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
413
414
415
416
417
418
STINGRAY F-033B (BL)
STINGRAY F-033C (BL)
---
---
STINGRAY F-046B (BL)
STINGRAY F-046C (BL)
STINGRAY F-080B (BL)
STINGRAY F-080C (BL)
STINGRAY F-145B (BL)
STINGRAY F-145C (BL)
STINGRAY F-146B (BL)
STINGRAY F-146C (BL)
STINGRAY F-201B (BL)
STINGRAY F-201C (BL)
Table 82: Camera type ID list
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Configuration of the camera
Advanced feature inquiry
This register indicates with a named bit if a feature is present or not. If a
feature is marked as not present the associated register space might not be
available and read/write errors may occur.
Note
Ignore unnamed bits in the following table: these bits might
be set or not.
L
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Configuration of the camera
Register
Name
Field
Bit
[0]
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
Description
0xF1000040
ADV_INQ_1
MaxResolution
TimeBase
ExtdShutter
TestImage
FrameInfo
Sequences
VersionInfo
---
Reserved
Look-up tables
Shading
DeferredTrans
HDR mode
DSNU
Marlin F-131B/C only
Marlin F-131B only
Marlin F-131B only
Blemish correction [13]
TriggerDelay
Misc. features
Soft Reset
High SNR
[14]
[15]
[16]
[17]
[18]
[19]
Oscar only
Color Correction
User profiles
---
[20..21] Reserved
TimeStamp
FrmCntStamp
TrgCntStamp
---
[22]
[23]
[24]
Marlin only
Marlin only
Marlin only
[25..30] Reserved
[31]
GP_Buffer
Table 83: Advanced register: Advanced feature inquiry
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Configuration of the camera
Register
Name
Field
Input_1
Input_2
---
Bit
Description
0xF1000044
ADV_INQ_2
[0]
[1]
[2]
Reserved
Reserved
---
[3..7]
[8]
Output_1
Output_2
---
[9]
[10]
Reserved
---
[11..15] Reserved
[16]
IntEnaDelay
---
[17]
Reserved
---
[18..31] Reserved
0xF1000048
0xF100004C
ADV_INQ_3
ADV_INQ_4
---
[0..31]
[0..31]
Reserved
Reserved
---
Table 83: Advanced register: Advanced feature inquiry
Maximum resolution
This register indicates the highest resolution for the sensor and is read-only.
Note
This register normally outputs the MAX_IMAGE_SIZE_INQ
Format_7 Mode_0 value.
This is the value given in the specifications tables under
L
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000200
MAX_RESOLUTION MaxHeight
[0..15]
Sensor height
(read only)
MaxWidth
[16..31]
Sensor width
(read only)
Table 84: Advanced register: Maximum resolution inquiry
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Configuration of the camera
Time base
Corresponding to IIDC, exposure time is set via a 12-bit value in the corre-
sponding register (SHUTTER_INQ [51Ch] and SHUTTER [81Ch]).
This means that you can enter a value in the range of 1 to 4095.
Oscar cameras use a time base which is multiplied by the shutter register
value. This multiplier is configured as the time base via the TIMEBASE regis-
ter.
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000208
TIMEBASE
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence
of this feature
(read only)
---
[1..27]
Reserved
Timebase_ID
[28..31]
See Table 86: Time
Table 85: Advanced register: Time base
Default time base is 20 µs: This means that the integration time can be
changed in 20 µs increments with the shutter control.
Note
Time base can only be changed when the camera is in idle
state and becomes active only after setting the shutter value.
L
ID
0
Time base in µs
Description
1
2
1
2
5
3
10
20
50
100
200
4
5
default value
6
7
Table 86: Time base ID
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Configuration of the camera
ID
8
Time base in µs
Description
500
9
1000
Table 86: Time base ID
Note
The ABSOLUTE VALUE CSR register, introduced in IIDC V1.3, is
not implemented.
L
Extended shutter
The exposure time for long-term integration of up to 67 seconds can be
entered with µs precision via the EXTENDED_SHUTTER register.
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF100020C
EXTD_SHUTTER
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this fea-
ture (read only)
---
[1.. 5] Reserved
ExpTime
[6..31] Exposure time in µs
Table 87: Advanced register: Extended shutter
The minimum allowed exposure time depends on the camera model. To deter-
mine this value write 1 to the ExpTime field and read back the minimum
allowed exposure time.
The longest exposure time, 3FFFFFFh, corresponds to 67.11 seconds.
Note
• Exposure times entered via the 81Ch register are mir-
rored in the extended register, but not vice versa.
• Changes in this register have immediate effect, even
when camera is transmitting.
• Extended shutter becomes inactive after writing to a
format / mode / frame rate register.
L
• Extended shutter setting will thus be overwritten by
the normal time base/shutter setting after Stop/Start
of FireView or FireDemo.
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Configuration of the camera
Test images
Bit [8] to [14] indicate which test images are saved. Setting bit [28] to [31]
activates or deactivates existing test images.
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000210
TEST_IMAGE
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this feature
(read only)
---
[1..7]
[8]
Reserved
Image_Inq_1
Presence of test image 1
0: N/A
1: Available
Image_Inq_2
Image_Inq_3
Image_Inq_4
Image_Inq_5
Image_Inq_6
Image_Inq_7
---
[9]
Presence of test image 2
0: N/A
1: Available
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
[15..27]
Presence of test image 3
0: N/A
1: Available
Presence of test image 4
0: N/A
1: Available
Presence of test image 5
0: N/A
1: Available
Presence of test image 6
0: N/A
1: Available
Presence of test image 7
0: N/A
1: Available
Reserved
TestImage_ID [28..31]
0: No test image active
1: Image 1 active
2: Image 2 active
…
Table 88: Advanced register: Test image
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Configuration of the camera
Look-up tables (LUT)
Load the look-up tables to be used into the camera and choose the look-up
table number via the LutNo field. Now you can activate the chosen LUT via
the LUT_CTRL register.
The LUT_INFO register indicates how many LUTs the camera can store and the
maximum size of the individual LUTs.
The possible values for LutNo are 0..n-1, whereas n can be determined by
reading the field NumOfLuts of the LUT_INFO register.
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000240
LUT_CTRL
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
---
[1..5]
[6]
Reserved
ON_OFF
---
Enable/disable this feature
[7..25] Reserved
LutNo
[26..31] Use look-up table with LutNo
number
0xF1000244
0xF1000248
LUT_MEM_CTRL
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
---
[1..4]
[5]
Reserved
EnableMemWR
---
Enable write access
Reserved
[6..7]
AccessLutNo
AddrOffset
Presence_Inq
[8..15] Reserved
[16..31] byte
LUT_INFO
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
---
[1..7]
Reserved
NumOfLuts
[8..15] Maximum number of look-up
tables
MaxLutSize
[16..31] Maximum look-up table size
(bytes)
Table 89: Advanced register: LUT
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Configuration of the camera
Shading correction
Owing to technical circumstances, the interaction of recorded objects with
one another, optical effects and lighting non-homogeneities may occur in
the images.
Because these effects are normally not desired, they should be eliminated as
far as possible in subsequent image processing. The camera has automatic
shading correction to do this.
Provided that a shading image is present in the camera, the on/off bit can
be used to enable shading correction.
The on/off and ShowImage bits must be set for saved shading images to be
displayed.
Note
Always make sure that the shading image is saved at the
highest resolution of the camera. If a lower resolution is cho-
sen and ShowImage is set to true, the image will not be dis-
played correctly.
L
Name
SHDG_CTRL
Register
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000250
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
BuildError
[1]
Could not built shading
image
---
[2..3]
[4]
Reserved
ShowImage
BuildImage
ON_OFF
Busy
Show shading data as image
Build a new shading image
Shading on/off
[5]
[6]
[7]
Build in progress
---
[8..23] Reserved
GrabCount
[24..31] Number of images
0xF1000254
SHDG_MEM_CTRL Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
---
[1..4]
[5]
Reserved
EnableMemWR
EnableMemRD
---
Enable write access
Enable read access
Reserved
[6]
[7]
AddrOffset
[8..31] In bytes
Table 90: Advanced register: Shading
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Configuration of the camera
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000258
SHDG_INFO
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
---
[1..7]
Reserved
MaxImageSize
[8..31] Maximum shading image size
(in bytes)
Table 90: Advanced register: Shading
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Configuration of the camera
Frame information
This register can be used to double-check the number of images received by
the host computer against the number of images which were transmitted by
the camera. The camera increments this counter with every FrameValid sig-
nal. This is a mirror of the frame counter information found at 0xF1000610.
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000270
FRAMEINFO
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
ResetFrameCnt
---
[1]
Reset frame counter
[2..31] Reserved
0xF1000274
FRAMECOUNTER
FrameCounter
[0..31] Number of captured frames
since last reset
Table 91: Advanced register: Frame information
The FrameCounter is incremented when an image is read out of the sensor.
The FrameCounter does not indicate whether an image was sent over the
IEEE 1394 bus or not.
Input/output pin control
Note
L
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Configuration of the camera
Delayed Integration Enable (IntEna)
A delay time between initiating exposure on the sensor and the activation
edge of the IntEna signal can be set using this register. The on/off flag acti-
vates/deactivates integration delay. The time can be set in µs in DelayTime.
Note
• Only one edge is delayed.
• If IntEna_Out is used to control an exposure, it is pos-
sible to have a variation in brightness or to precisely
time a flash.
L
Figure 65: Delayed integration timing
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000340 IO_INTENA_DELAY
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
---
[1..5]
[6]
Reserved
ON_OFF
Enable/disable integration
enable delay
---
[7..11]
Reserved
DELAY_TIME
[12..31]
Delay time in µs
Table 92: Advanced register: Delayed Integration Enable (IntEna)
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Configuration of the camera
Auto shutter control
The table below illustrates the advanced register for auto shutter control.
The purpose of this register is to limit the range within which auto shutter
operates.
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000360 AUTOSHUTTER_CTRL
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
---
[1..31]
[0..31]
[0..31]
Reserved
0xF1000364 AUTOSHUTTER_LO
0xF1000368 AUTOSHUTTER_HI
Min Value
Max Value
Minimum value
Maximum value
Table 93: Advanced register: Auto shutter control
Note
• Values can only be changed within the limits of shutter
CSR.
• Changes in auto exposure register only have an effect
when auto shutter is enabled.
• Auto exposure limits are: 50..205 (SmartViewꢀCtrl1
tab: Target grey level)
L
When both auto shutter and auto gain are enabled, priority is given to
increasing shutter when brightness decreases. This is done to achieve the
best image quality with lowest noise.
For increasing brightness, priority is given to lowering gain first for the same
purpose.
Auto gain control
The table below illustrates the advanced register for auto gain control.
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000370 AUTOGAIN_CTRL
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
---
[1..3]
Reserved
MaxValue
---
[4..15]
[16..19]
[20..31]
Maximum value
Reserved
MinValue
Minimum value
Table 94: Advanced register: Auto gain control
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Configuration of the camera
MinValue and MaxValue limits the range the auto gain feature is allowed to
use for the regulation process. Both values are initialized with the minimum
and maximum value defined in the standard GAIN_INQ register.
Changing the auto gain range might not affect the regulation, if the regu-
lation is in a stable condition and no other condition affecting the image
brightness is changed.
If both auto gain and auto shutter are enabled and if the gain is at its lower
boundary and shutter regulation is in progress, decreasing the lower auto
gain boundary has no effect on auto gain/shutter regulation as long as auto
shutter regulation is active.
Both values can only be changed within the range defined by the standard
GAIN_INQ register.
Autofunction AOI
The table below illustrates the advanced register for autofunction AOI.
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000390 AUTOFNC_AOI
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
---
[1..3]
[4]
Reserved
ShowWorkArea
---
Show work area
Reserved
[5]
ON_OFF
[6]
Enable/disableAOI(seenote
above)
---
[7..31]
[0..15]
Reserved
0xF1000394 AF_AREA_POSITION
0xF1000398 AF_AREA_SIZE
Left
Work area position
(left coordinate)
Top
[16..31]
Work area position
(top coordinate)
Width
[0..15]
Width of work area size
Height of work area size
Height
[16..31]
Table 95: Advanced register: Autofunction AOI
The possible increment of this work area position and size is 128 pixels. The
camera automatically adjusts the settings to permitted values:
Region
Permitted values
Left, top
0, 128, 256, 384, 512, 768, 1024…
128, 256, 384, 512, 768, 1024…
Width, height
Table 96: Permitted values for AF_AREA_SIZE
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Configuration of the camera
Due to the fact that the active image size might not be divisible by 128 with-
out a remainder, the auto function AOI work area size might be greater.
This allows for the positioning of the work area to be at the bottom of the
active image.
E.g. if the active image size is 640 x 480 pixel the camera accepts a maximum
of 640 x 512 pixel as the auto function AOI work area (if the control area
position is 0:0).
Another case is for outdoor applications: the sky will be excluded from the
generation of the reference levels, when the autofunction AOI is placed at
the bottom of the image.
Note
If the adjustment fails and the work-area size and/or posi-
tion becomes invalid, this feature is automatically switched
off. Make sure to read back the ON_OFF flag, if this feature
doesn't work as expected.
L
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Configuration of the camera
Color correction
To switch off color correction in YUV mode: see bit [6]
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF10003A0 COLOR_CORR
ON_OFF
[6]
Color correction on/off
default: on
Write: 02000000h to switch
color correction OFF
Write: 00000000h to switch
color correction ON
Table 97: Advanced register: Color correction
Trigger delay
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000400 TRIGGER_DELAY
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
---
[1..5]
[6]
Reserved
ON_OFF
---
Trigger delay on/off
Reserved
[7..10]
[11..31]
DelayTime
Delay time in µs
Table 98: Advanced register: Trigger delay
The advanced register allows start of the integration to be delayed via
DelayTime by max. 221 µs, which is max. 2.1 s after a trigger edge was
detected.
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Configuration of the camera
Mirror image
The table below illustrates the advanced register for Mirror image.
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000410 MIRROR_IMAGE
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
---
[1..5]
[6]
Reserved
ON_OFF
Mirror image on/off
1: on
0: off
Default: off
Reserved
---
[7..31]
Table 99: Advanced register: Mirror
Soft Reset
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000510 SOFT_RESET
Presence Inquiry
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
---
[1..5]
[6]
Reserved
Reset
---
Initiate reset
Reserved
[7..19]
[20..31]
Delay
Delay reset in 10 ms steps
Table 100: Advanced register: Soft reset
The SOFT_RESET feature is similar to the INITIALIZE register, with the follow-
ing differences:
• 1 or more bus resets will occur.
• The FPGA will be rebooted.
The reset can be delayed by setting the Delay to a value unequal to 0.
The delay is defined in 10 ms steps.
Note
When SOFT_RESET has been defined, the camera will respond
to further read or write requests, but will not process them.
L
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Configuration of the camera
High SNR mode (High Signal Noise Ratio)
With High SNR mode enabled the camera internally grabs GrabCount images
and outputs a single averaged image.
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000520
HIGH_SNR
Presence_Inq
[0]
Indicates presence of this
feature (read only)
---
[1..5]
[6]
Reserved
ON_OFF
---
High SNR mode on/off
Reserved
[7..22]
[23..31]
GrabCount
Number of images
Table 101: Advanced register: High Signal Noise Ratio (HSNR)
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Configuration of the camera
User profiles
Definition Within the IIDC specification user profiles are called memory channels.
Often they are called user sets. In fact these are different expressions for
the following: storing camera settings into a non-volatile memory inside the
camera.
From firmware 3.04 onwards, Oscar cameras can store up to three user pro-
files (plus the factory default) in the camera in a non-volatile memory.
User profiles can be programmed with the following advanced feature regis-
ter:
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000550
USER_PROFILE
Presence_Inq [0]
Indicates presence of this feature
(read only)
---
[1..7]
[8]
Reserved
SaveProfile
Save settings to profile
Load settings from profile
Set profile ID as default
Reserved
RestoreProfile [9]
SetDefaultID [10]
---
[11..19]
ErrorCode
[20..23]
Error code
---
[24..27]
[28..31]
Reserved
ProfileID
ProfileID (memory channel)
Table 102: Advanced register: User profiles
In general this advanced register is a wrapper around the standard memory
channel registers with some extensions. In order to query the number of
available user profiles please check the Memory_Channel field of the
BASIC_FUNC_INQ register at offset 0x400 (see IIDC V1.3x for more details).
The ProfileID is equivalent to the memory channel number and specifies the
profile number to store settings to or to restore settings from. In any case
profile #0 is the hard-coded factory profile and cannot be overwritten.
After an initialization command, startup or reset of the camera, the ProfileID
also indicates which profile was loaded on startup, reset or initialization.
Note
• The default profile is the profile that is loaded on
power-up or an INITIALIZE command.
• A save or load operation delays the response of the
camera until the operation is completed. At a time only
one operation can be performed.
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Configuration of the camera
Store To store the current camera settings into a profile:
1. Write the desired ProfileID with the SaveProfile flag set.
2. Read back the register and check the ErrorCode field
Restore To restore the settings from a previous stored profile:
1. Write the desired ProfileID with the RestoreProfile flag set.
2. Read back the register and check the ErrorCode field.
Set default To set the default profile to be loaded on startup, reset or initialization:
1. Write the desired ProfileID with the SetDefaultID flag set.
2. Read back the register and check the ErrorCode field.
Factory default To go back to the factory default profile:
1. Select ProfileID = 0 and toggle the SetDefaultID flag set.
2. Read back the register and check the ErrorCode field.
Error codes
Error code #
0x00
Description
No error
0x01
Profile data corrupted
0x02
Camera not idle during restore operation
Feature not available (feature not present)
Profile doesn’t exist
0x03
0x04
0x05
ProfileID out of range
0x06
Restoring the default profile failed
Loading LUT data failed
Storing LUT data failed
0x07
0x08
Table 103: User profile: Error codes
Reset of error codes
The ErrorCode field is set to zero on the next write access.
To reset the ErrorCode manually:
1. Write 00000000h to the USER_PROFILE register.
Stored settings
The following table shows the settings stored inside a profile:
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Configuration of the camera
Advanced registers
TIMEBASE
EXTD_SHUTTER
IO_INP_CTRL
IO_OUTP_CTRL
IO_INTENA_DELAY
AUTOSHUTTER_LO
AUTOSHUTTER_HI
AUTOGAIN_CTRL
AUTOFNC_AOI
COLOR_CORR
TRIGGER_DELAY
MIRROR_IMAGE
HIGH_SNR
LUT_CTRL
LUT_DATA
Table 104: User profile: stored settings
The user can specify which one will be loaded upon startup of the camera.
This frees the user software from having to restore camera settings, that dif-
fer from default, after every startup. This can be especially helpful if third
party software is used which may not give easy access to certain advanced
features or may not provide efficient commands for quick writing of data
blocks (e.g. for a LUT) into the camera.
Note
• A profile save operation automatically disables captur-
ing of images.
• A profile save or restore operation is an uninterruptable
(atomic) operation: The write response (of the asyn-
chronous write cycle) will be sent after completion of
the operation.
L
• Restoring a profile will not overwrite other settings
than listed above.
• If a restore operation fails or the specified profile does
not exist, all registers will be overwritten with the
hard-coded factory defaults (profile #0).
• Data written to this register is not reflected in the
standard memory channel registers.
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Configuration of the camera
GPDATA_BUFFER
GPDATA_BUFFER is a general purpose register that regulates the exchange of
data between camera and host for:
• writing look-up tables (LUTs) into the camera
• uploading/downloading of the shading image
GPDATA_INFO Buffer size query
GPDATA_BUFFER indicates the actual storage range
Register
Name
Field
Bit
Description
0xF1000FFC GPDATA_INFO
---
[0..15]
[16..31]
Reserved
BufferSize
Size of GPDATA_BUFFER
(byte)
0xF1001000
…
GPDATA_BUFFER
0xF10017FC
Table 105: Advanced register: GPData buffer
Note
• Read the BufferSize before using.
• GPDATA_BUFFER can be used by only one function at a
time.
L
Little endian vs. big endian byte order
• Read/WriteBlock accesses to GPDATA_BUFFER are recommended, to read
or write more than 4 byte data. This increases the transfer speed com-
pared to accessing every single quadlet.
• The big endian byte order of the 1394 bus is unlike the little endian
byte order of common operating systems (Intel PC). Each quadlet of the
local buffer, containing the LUT data or shading image for instance, has
to be swapped bytewise from little endian byte order to big endian byte
order before writing on the bus.
Bit depth
8 bit
little endianꢁ big endian
L0 L1 L2 L3 ꢁ L3 L2 L1 L0
L0 H0 L1 H1 ꢁ H1 L1 H0 L0
Description
L: low byte
H: high byte
16 bit
Table 106: Swapped first quadlet at address offset 0
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Firmware update
Firmware update
Firmware updates can be carried out without opening the camera.
You need:
• Programming cable E 1000666
• Software AVTCamProg
• PC or laptop with serial interface (RS 232)
• Documentation for firmware update
Please contact your local dealer for further information.
Note
Only Oscar F-810C: cameras with a serial number
SN 50675733 (or higher) or with production date 26 April
2005 (or later) can be updated with microcontroller firmware
3.04/ FPGA firmware 1.06. (Cameras must have a FIFO mem-
ory of 64 MB. SmartView Adv 1 tab ꢀ FIFO size must be 3.)
L
Note
Older versions have to be updated at the AVT factory.
L
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Appendix
Appendix
Sensor position accuracy of AVT cameras
camera body
pixel area
camera body
pixel area
sensor case
sensor case
x
AVT Guppy Series
Method of Positioning:
Reference points:
Accuracy:
Automated mechanical alignment of sensor into camera front module.
(lens mount front flange)
Sensor: Center of pixel area (photo sensitive cells).
Camera: Center of camera front flange (outer case edges).
x/y:
z:
+/- 0.25mm
+50 / -100μm
+0 / -100μm
+/- 1°
(Sensor shift)
(for SN > 84254727, optical back focal length)
(for SN > 252138124, optical back focal length)
(Sensor rotation)
D:
AVT Marlin, Oscar, Dolphin, Pike, Stingray
Method of Positioning:
Reference points:
Accuracy:
Optical alignment of photo sensitive sensor area into camera front module.
(lens mount front flange)
Sensor: Center of pixel area (photo sensitive cells).
Camera: Center of camera front flange (outer case edges).
x/y:
z:
D:
+/- 0.1mm
+0 / -50μm
+/- 0.5°
(Sensor shift)
(Optical back focal length)
(Sensor rotation)
Note: x/y - tolerances between c-Mount hole and pixel area may be higher.
Figure 66: AVT sensor position accuracy
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Index
Index
Advanced feature inquiry .........................181
Advanced features...................................175
activate ...........................................177
base address.....................................164
inquiry.............................................162
advanced register
Numbers
0xF1000010 (version info) .......................177
0xF1000040 (advanced feature inquiry)......182
0xF1000200 (max. resolution) ..................183
0xF1000208 (time base) ..........................184
0xF1000210 (test image) .........................186
0xF1000240 (LUT)...................................187
0xF1000260 (deferred image transport)......118
0xF1000270 (frame info)..........................190
0xF1000274 (frame counter).....................190
0xF1000300 (input control)....................... 40
0xF1000360 (auto shutter control) ............192
0xF1000400 (trigger delay) ......................195
0xF1000410 (mirror image) ......................196
0xF1000510 (soft reset)...........................196
0xF1000550 (user profiles/memory channels/
user sets) ..............................................198
0xF1000FFC (GPData buffer)......................201
2 out of 4 H+V sub-sampling (color)
Auto shutter control ..........................192
Delayed Integration Enable (IntEna) ....191
GPData buffer ...................................201
High SNR .........................................197
Trigger delay ....................................195
version information ...........................177
AF_AREA_SIZE
Algorithm
correction data .................................. 75
amplification........................................... 59
analog color signal................................... 59
correction data .................................. 76
Asynchronous broadcast...........................115
auto exposure
limits ..............................................192
Auto Exposure (CSR register) ..................... 66
drawing ............................................ 89
2 x full binning
drawing ............................................ 87
2 x horizontal binning
drawing ............................................ 86
2 x vertical binning
drawing ............................................ 85
A
Access_Control_Register ..........................164
accuracy
sensor position .................................203
ActivVision Tools ..................................... 74
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Index
AUTOFNC_AOI positioning ......................... 63
AUTOGAIN_CTRL......................................192
automatic generation
correction data .................................. 75
Automatic White Balance (AWB)................. 63
AUTO_EXPOSURE ...................................... 66
AWB....................................................... 63
level................................................. 74
nonlinear .......................................... 71
setting ............................................. 67
Brightness Control ..................................163
Brightness (CSR register) .......................... 68
BRIGHTNESS_INQUIRY .............................165
Brightness_inq. ......................................165
buffer
Busy signal ............................................. 44
Bus_Id ..................................................145
B
bandwidth .............................................120
affect frame rate ...............................142
deferred image transport ....................117
FastCapture ......................................119
frame rates.......................................131
limitation of IEEE 1394 bus.................135
BAYER mosaic.......................................... 90
Bayer to RGB
color interpretation ............................ 90
binning .................................................. 84
full................................................... 87
horizontal ......................................... 86
black level .............................................. 67
blink codes ............................................. 38
block diagram
C
Cable GND............................................... 35
camera dimensions................................... 29
camera interfaces..................................... 35
camera lenses.......................................... 20
cameras
CDS........................................................ 59
CE ......................................................... 18
YUV mode ......................................... 93
color correction
why? ................................................ 92
Color Correction (Field)............................182
color information..................................... 90
Com (LED state)....................................... 37
common GND
AFE .................................................. 59
block diagrams
cameras ............................................ 52
Brightness
inputs............................................... 36
common vcc
outputs............................................. 36
controlling
inquiry register .................................163
brightness
image capture...................................100
correction data
auto shutter ...................................... 69
average............................................. 65
decrease ..........................................192
automatic generation.......................... 75
requirements ..................................... 75
shading ............................................ 74
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Index
correlated double sampler ......................... 59
CSR register
long-term integration ........................112
minimum .........................................111
ExpTime (Field) ......................................112
EXTD_SHUTTER .......................................185
extended shutter ....................................112
configuration....................................112
FireDemo..........................................185
FireView...........................................185
register............................................185
Trigger mode ....................................100
trigger mode ....................................100
EXTENDED_SHUTTER ................................112
external trigger ....................................... 39
Auto Exposure.................................... 66
Brightness......................................... 68
GAIN ................................................ 65
D
data block packet format........................... 49
data exchange buffer
LUT .................................................. 73
data packets ........................................... 49
data path................................................ 52
data_length ............................................ 49
deferred image transport..........................117
Deferred image transport (advanced register)....
Delayed Integration Enable (IntEna) (advanced
Digital Camera Specification .....................145
digital video information .......................... 49
digitizer ................................................. 72
DSNU
F
FastCapture
bandwidth........................................119
false................................................119
only Format_7 ..................................119
FastCapture (Field)..................................118
FCC Class B.............................................. 18
FireDemo
Extended shutter...............................185
FirePackage
FireView
horizontal mirror function.................... 83
Extended shutter...............................185
focal length ............................................ 20
Oscar F-510C...................................... 20
FORMAT_7_ERROR_1................................. 38
FORMAT_7_ERROR_2................................. 38
FOV........................................................ 83
FPGA...................................................... 59
frame rates
E
E 1000666 .............................................202
edge mode (Trigger_Mode_0)....................100
error code
user profiles .....................................199
error codes
LED .................................................. 38
error states ............................................. 38
Exposure time
(Field) .............................................112
exposure time.........................................111
formula............................................111
bandwidth........................................131
bandwidth limitation .........................135
bus speed.........................................120
Format_7 .........................................135
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Index
video mode 0....................................135
I
video mode 2....................................135
FrameCounter .........................................190
free-run.................................................115
Full binning ............................................ 87
Fval ....................................................... 44
Fval signal .............................................. 44
declaration of conformity .................... 18
IEEE 1394 port
pin assignment .................................. 35
IEEE 1394a connector............................... 35
isochronous data block packet format.... 49
pixel data.......................................... 49
trigger delay...................................... 42
video data format............................... 50
Y16 .................................................. 50
Y8.................................................... 50
YUV 4:1:1.......................................... 50
YUV 4:2:2.......................................... 50
IIDC V1.3...............................................100
image capture
G
Gain
gain
AUTOFNC_AOI .................................... 63
formula............................................. 67
manual ............................................. 64
manual gain range.............................. 64
ranges .............................................. 64
white balance .................................... 59
gamma function ...................................... 71
CCD models........................................ 76
global shutter.........................................100
GPData buffer (advanced register) .............201
controlling .......................................100
IMAGE_POSITION ....................................129
IMAGE_SIZE ...........................................129
input
configuration register ......................... 40
high active........................................ 41
low active ......................................... 41
input pin control ..................................... 41
inputs
in detail............................................ 39
inverting........................................... 39
triggers............................................. 39
input/output pin control..........................190
Inquiry register
basic function...................................162
Integration Enable Signal.......................... 44
IntEna.................................................... 36
interpolation
H
HDR mode..............................................182
High SNR (advanced register) ...................197
HoldImg
mode...............................................118
hue
offset ............................................... 93
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Index
BAYER demosaicing ............................ 91
LutNo....................................................187
LUT_CTRL...............................................187
LUT_INFO ..............................................187
Bayer demosaicing.............................. 91
Bayer to RGB ..................................... 90
IO_INP_CTRL1 ......................................... 40
IO_INP_CTRL2 ......................................... 40
IO_OUTP_CTRL1 ....................................... 46
IO_OUTP_CTRL2 ....................................... 46
isochronous channel number ..................... 49
isochronous data block packet format ......... 49
isochronous data packets .......................... 49
IsoEnable
M
Manual_Inq............................................. 42
Maximum resolution (Register) .................183
MaxLutSize (Field) ..................................187
MAX_RESOLUTION ...................................183
Max_Value .............................................. 42
MinValue ...............................................193
Min_Value............................................... 42
mirror function
horizontal ......................................... 83
Mirror image (advanced register)...............196
multi-shot .............................................115
Trigger_Mode_15...............................102
white balance .................................... 62
ISO_Enable ............................................115
Iso_Enable mode
J
L
LED
Com ................................................. 37
indication ......................................... 37
on (green)......................................... 37
yellow............................................... 37
legal values
N
Node_Id ................................................145
AF_AREA_SIZE...................................193
level mode (Trigger_Mode_1)....................100
Look Up Tables (LUT)...............................187
look-up table (LUT)
user-defined ...................................... 71
LUT.......................................................187
data exchange buffer .......................... 73
Gamma ............................................. 71
general ............................................. 71
loading into camera............................ 73
O
OFFSET
automatic white balance ..................... 61
offset
800h ................................................ 68
configuration ROM.............................148
factors.............................................148
formula............................................. 67
initialize register...............................151
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Index
PinState (Field) ....................................... 40
plus integral controller ............................. 65
power
inquiry register video mode.................152
saturation ......................................... 93
setting brightness .............................. 67
setting gain....................................... 64
OHCI API
FirePackage ....................................... 16
One-Shot
values..............................................113
oneshot
GND ................................................. 36
IEEE-1394 pin assignment ................... 35
LED .................................................. 37
Presence_Inq .......................................... 40
programming cable
E 1000666........................................202
PxGA...................................................... 59
using Trigger_Mode_15 ......................104
one-shot................................................113
using Trigger_Mode_15 ......................104
one-shot bit...........................................113
one-shot mode .......................................113
ON_OFF .................................................. 42
ON_OFF (Field) ........................................ 60
Oscar cameras ......................................... 17
Oscar F-320C (specification) ...................... 21
Oscar F-510C (specification) ...................... 23
Oscar F-810C ........................................... 20
Oscar F-810C (specification) ...................... 25
Oscar W90............................................... 30
output
signals.............................................. 44
output mode ........................................... 46
output pin control ................................... 47
outputs .................................................. 44
common vcc ...................................... 36
general ............................................. 39
registers ........................................... 46
set by software .................................. 48
OutVCC ................................................... 36
R
Readout_Inq ........................................... 42
register .................................................. 60
Register mapping..................................... 38
Requirements
correction data .................................. 75
RGB to YUV
formula............................................. 93
RGB8 format ........................................... 93
RoHS (2002/95/EC).................................. 18
RS232 .................................................... 36
serial interface..................................202
RxD_RS232 ............................................. 36
S
saturation
offset ............................................... 93
sensor
positioning ....................................... 29
sequence
automatic white balance ..................... 62
BAYER color pattern............................ 59
commands for generating shading image 76
correction ......................................... 76
deferred mode ..................................119
loading a LUT .................................... 73
OneShot...........................................113
sequence control
P
packet format.......................................... 49
PI controller............................................ 65
pin control.............................................190
correction data .................................. 76
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Index
serial interface
stored settings
user profile.......................................200
shading
strobe flash............................................. 44
sub-sampling .......................................... 88
definition.......................................... 88
sy (sync bit) ........................................... 49
sync bit (sy) ........................................... 49
synchronization value (sync bit) ................ 49
system components.................................. 19
correction data .................................. 74
automatic generation.......................... 75
Format_7 .......................................... 76
generate ........................................... 76
generation ........................................ 77
load into camera ................................ 82
load out of camera ............................. 81
shading images ......................................188
shading reference image ........................... 75
SHDG_INFO ............................................189
SHDG_MEM_CTRL.....................................188
SHUTTER................................................. 70
shutter time
formula............................................111
signal-to noise ratio (SNR)
vertical binning.................................. 85
signal-to-noise separation......................... 84
SmartView............................................... 16
SNR ....................................................... 84
specification
T
target grey level
corresponds to Auto_exposure.............170
Target grey level (SmartView)
corresponds to auto exposure............... 69
test image .............................................143
configuration register ........................186
save ................................................186
tg.......................................................... 49
time base
Oscar F-510C.....................................111
setting ............................................185
trigger delay.....................................105
time base ID ..........................................184
time base (Register)................................184
time response.........................................113
timebase
Oscar F-320C...................................... 21
Oscar F-510C...................................... 23
Oscar F-810C...................................... 25
spectral sensitivity
trigger delay...................................... 42
TPA- ...................................................... 35
TPB- ...................................................... 35
transaction code (tCode)........................... 49
Trg (LED state) ........................................ 37
trigger
Oscar F-320C...................................... 27
Oscar F-510C...................................... 27
Oscar F-810C...................................... 28
spectral transmission
IR cut filter ....................................... 19
Jenofilt 217....................................... 19
split shutter (frame readout) ..................... 57
split shutter (shutter mode) .....................108
Stack start .............................................. 38
status LED............................................... 37
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Index
edge................................................. 43
user sets................................................198
U/B_Value (Field) .................................... 60
U/V slider range ...................................... 61
impulse............................................113
latency time .....................................116
microcontroller .................................114
software...........................................115
trigger delay ..........................................105
off ................................................... 43
on.................................................... 43
trigger delay CSR ....................................106
Trigger delay inquiry register ....................105
trigger delay inquiry register ..................... 42
Trigger delay (advanced register) ..............195
Trigger modi ..........................................100
triggers .................................................. 39
Trigger_Mode .........................................103
Trigger_Mode_0 (edge mode)....................100
Trigger_Mode_1 (level mode)....................100
Trigger_Source .......................................103
Trigger_Value .........................................103
Tripod dimensions.................................... 32
V
valid values
AF_AREA_SIZE ..................................193
Vendor unique Features............................162
Vertical binning....................................... 85
vertical binning
video data format
IIDC 1.3............................................ 50
Video data payload .................................. 49
video format
available bandwidth...........................131
Oscar F-320C.....................................121
Oscar F-810C.....................................127
video Format_7
video information .................................... 49
video mode
CUR-V-MODE .....................................167
Format_7 .........................................173
inquiry register .................................152
video mode 0 .........................................135
video mode 2 .........................................135
VMode_ERROR_STATUS.............................. 38
V/R_Value (Field)..................................... 60
W
white balance.......................................... 60
auto gain feature ............................... 65
auto shutter ...................................... 69
AUTOFNC_AOI .................................... 63
conditions......................................... 61
FPGA ................................................ 59
manual ............................................. 59
U
UNIT_POSITION_INQ................................129
UNIT_SIZE_INQ.......................................129
user profile
stored settings..................................200
error code ........................................199
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