54Mbps Wireless Broadband Router
WRT-414
User’s Manual
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Federal Communication Commission (FCC) Radiation Exposure
Statement
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure set forth for an uncontrolled environment. In
order to avoid the possibility of exceeding the FCC radio frequency exposure limits, human proximity
to the antenna shall not be less than 20 cm(8 inches) during normal operation.
R&TTE Compliance Statement
This equipment complies with all the requirements of DIRECTIVE 1999/5/CE OF THE EUROPEAN
PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and telecommunication
terminal Equipment and the mutual recognition of their conformity (R&TTE)
The R&TTE Directive repeals and replaces in the directive 98/13/EEC (Telecommunications Terminal
Equipment and Satellite Earth Station Equipment) As of April 8,2000.
Safety
This equipment is designed with the utmost care for the safety of those who install and use it. However,
special attention must be paid to the dangers of electric shock and static electricity when working with
electrical equipment. All guidelines of this and of the computer manufacture must therefore be allowed
at all times to ensure the safe use of the equipment.
WEEE regulation
To avoid the potential effects on the environment and human health as a result of the
presence of hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment, end users of
electrical and electronic equipment should understand the meaning of the crossed-out
wheeled bin symbol. Do not dispose of WEEE as unsorted municipal waste and have to
collect such WEEE separately.
Revision
User’s Manual for PLANET 54Mbps Wireless Broadband Router
Model: WRT-414
Rev: 1.0 (August. 2005)
Part No. EM-WRT414
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.1 PACKAGE CONTENTS ......................................................................................................................1
1. 2 FEATURES......................................................................................................................................1
1.4 SPECIFICATION................................................................................................................................1
2.1 HARDWARE CONNECTION...............................................................................................................3
2.2 LED INDICATORS ...........................................................................................................................4
4.1 TIME ZONE .....................................................................................................................................7
4.2 BROADBAND TYPE .........................................................................................................................8
SYSTEM................................................................................................................................18
WAN....................................................................................................................................22
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WIRELESS ............................................................................................................................33
Security...........................................................................................................................36
Access Control................................................................................................................41
QOS .....................................................................................................................................41
NAT.....................................................................................................................................43
Port Forwarding.............................................................................................................45
ALG Settings...................................................................................................................51
FIREWALL.............................................................................................................................51
Access Control................................................................................................................53
WIRELESS CONFIGURATION ...........................................................................59
AP MODE.............................................................................................................................59
STATION - AD HOC MODE ....................................................................................................61
STATION - INFRASTRUCTURE MODE .....................................................................................62
AP BRIDGE - POINT TO POINT MODE ...................................................................................63
AP BRIDGE - POINT TO MULTIPOINT MODE .........................................................................65
AP BRIDGE - WDS MODE....................................................................................................66
SECURITY SETTING OF BRIDGE MODE ...................................................................................67
INTERNET CONNECTION .......................................................................................................70
DEVICE STATUS ....................................................................................................................71
SYSTEM LOG ........................................................................................................................72
SECURITY LOG .....................................................................................................................72
ACTIVE DHCP CLIENT ........................................................................................................73
STATISTICS ...........................................................................................................................74
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CONFIGURATION TOOLS .......................................................................................................76
FIRMWARE UPGRADE ...........................................................................................................77
RESET...................................................................................................................................79
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Chapter 1 Introduction
Thank you for purchasing WRT-414. This manual guides you on how to install and properly use the
WRT-414 in order to take full advantage of its features.
1.1 Package Contents
Make sure that you have the following items:
•
•
•
•
•
One WRT-414
One AC Power Adapter
One User’s Manual CD
One Quick Installation Guide
One External Dipole Antenna
Note: If any of the above items are missing, contact your supplier for support.
1. 2 Features
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
Compliant with 802.11g / 802.11b standard
Allow multiple users to share a single Internet connection
Internet Access via Cable or xDSL modem
Access Private LAN Servers from the Public Network
AP / AP Client / WDS / Bridge modes supported
Equipped with four LAN ports (10/100M) and one WAN port (10/100M), Auto-MDI/MDI-X supported
Support DHCP Server for easy setup
System status monitoring including Active DHCP Client, Security Log and Device/Connection
Status
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
Easy to use Web-based GUI for configuration and management purposes
Remote Management allows configuration and upgrades from a remote site (over the Internet)
DHCP/PPPoE/PPTP/L2TP/Fixed IP allocation
MAC/IP filter access control, URL blocking
SPI firewall + DoS prevention protection
Support UPnP function
Supports 64/128-bit WEP, WPA-PSK, WPA, WPA2 Encryption to protect the wireless data
transmissions
1.4 Specification
Standard
IEEE 802.11g/802.11b Compliant
DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum)
OFDM/ QPSK / BPSK / CCK
Signal Type
Modulation
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WAN Port
LAN Port
1 x 10/100Base-TX, Auto-MDI/MDI-X
4 x 10/100Base-TX, Auto-MDI/MDI-X
Dipole Antenna * 1
Antenna
Data Encryption
Frequency
Sensitivity
64 bit / 128 bit WEP, WPA-PSK, WPA, WPA2
2.4GHz - 2.484GHz
11g @ PER < 10%
54Mbps: -71.46 dBm
48Mbps: -73.1 dBm
36Mbps: -75 dBm
24Mbps: -77 dBm
18Mbps: -79.1 dBm
12Mbps: -81.1 dBm
9Mbps: -83.5 dBm
6Mbps: -85.52 dBm
11b @ PER < 8%
11Mbps: -82 dBm
5.5Mbps: -85.7dBm
2Mbps: -87 dBm
1Mbps: -91.5 dBm
Data Rate
Up to 54Mbps (with automatic scale back)
LED Indicators
PWR, WLAN
LAN: LNK/ACT * 4, 10/100Mbps * 4
WAN: LNK/ACT * 1, 10/100Mbps * 1
Power Requirement
Power Consumption
12V DC, 1A
TX power consumption: <650mA
RX power consumption <350mA
Temperature
Humidity
Operating :0 ~ 55 degree C
Storage: -20 ~ 70 degree C
Operating: 0 ~ 90%
Storage: 0 ~ 95% Non-Condensing
Dimensions
190 x 98 x 35 mm
18dBm
Output Power
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Chapter 2 Hardware Installation
Before you proceed with the installation, it is necessary that you have enough information about the
WRT-414.
2.1 Hardware Connection
12V DC
ANT
RESET
+
4
3
2
1
WAN
1. Locate an optimum location for the WRT-414. The best place for your WRT-414 is usually at
the center of your wireless network, with line of sight to all of your mobile stations.
2. Adjust the antennas of WRT-414. Try to adjust them to a position that can best cover your
wireless network. The antenna’s position will enhance the receiving sensitivity.
3. Connect RJ-45 cable to WRT-414 LAN port. Connect one of the LAN ports on WRT-414 to your
LAN switch/hub or a computer with a RJ-45 cable.
4. Connect RJ-45 cable to WRT-414 WAN port. Connect xDSL/Cable Modem to the WAN port on
WRT-414. Usually, this cable would be provided with your modem. If no cable was supplied with
your modem, please use a RJ-45 Ethernet cable
5. Plug in power adapter and connect to power source. After power on, WRT-414 will start to
operate.
Note: ONLY use the power adapter supplied with the WRT-414. Otherwise, the product may be
damaged.
If you want to reset WRT-414 to default settings, press and hold the Reset button over 5
seconds and release. And then wait for WRT-414 restart.
Reset Button
This button has two functions:
To Reboot machine without Clearing Existing Configurations:
Press the reset button with a pencil tip (for less than 5 seconds),
machine will re-boot itself, the existing configurations will be kept.
To Clear All Data and restore the factory default values:
Press the reset button for longer than 5 seconds and the router will
reset itself to the factory default settings (warning: your original
configurations will be replaced with the factory default settings)
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2.2 LED Indicators
LED
Color
STATE
On
MEANING
Device power on
Device power off
During boot up procedure.
PWR
Green
Off
Blinking
Transmitting or receiving data through the
Wireless LAN
Blinking
WLAN
WAN
Orange
Green
Off
On
Wireless LAN is no function
WAN port is connected at 100Mbps
10/100M
Off
On
WAN port is connected at 10Mbps
Link is established
LNK/ACT
10/100M
Green
Green
Blinking
Packets are transmitting or receiving
On
LAN is connected to 100Mbps device
LAN is connected to 10Mbps device
Link is established
Off
On
LAN
Blinking
Off
Packets are transmitting or receiving
LAN port is not connected
LNK/ACT
Green
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Chapter 3 Web Login
Web configuration provides a user-friendly graphical user interface (web pages) to manage your
WRT-414. A WRT-414 with an assigned IP address will allows you to monitor and configure via web
browser (e.g., MS Internet Explorer or Netscape).
1. Open your web browser.
2. Enter the IP address of your WRT-414 in the address field (default IP address is http://192.168.0.1).
3. A User Name and Password dialog box will appear. Please enter your User Name and Password
here. Default User Name and Password are both “admin”. Click OK.
4. Then you will see the WRT-414 main page as below.
The left panel provides four options, Quick Setup, General Setup, Status Information and Tools.
Section
Description
Quick Setup
Select your Internet connection type and then input the configurations needed
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to connect to your Internet Service Provider (ISP).
General Setup
This section contains configurations for the Broadband router’s advance
functions such as: Port Forwarding, Virtual Server, Access Control, Hacker
Attack Prevention, DMZ, Special applications and other functions to meet your
LAN requirements. You can also configure the wireless detail settings here.
This option provides you the system information, Internet Connection, Device
Status, Security Log and DHCP client Log information.
Status Information
Tools
This option contains Configuration tools, Firmware Upgrade and Reset
functions.
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Chapter 4 Quick Setup
This section describes the basic configuration of the WRT-414 and allows you to connect to Internet
easily.
4.1 Time Zone
The time information is used for Log entries and Firewall settings. You can keep the default Time
Server address or set a new IP address for your router to synchronize its time. Click “Next” to continue.
Parameter
Description
Set Time Zone
Select the time zone of the country you are currently in. The router will
set its time based on your selection.
Time Server Address
Remain it as default or, you can manually assign an IP address of the
Time Server. The information of Timer Server can be found in the
Enable Daylight Savings
The router can also take Daylight savings into account. To enable this
function, check/tick the “Enable Function” box and select the which days
this function will work .
Click “Next” button to proceed to the next step.
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4.2 Broadband Type
Before establishing the Internet connection, please be sure to check with your ISP, and obtain all
necessary information from them.
Broadband
Description
Cable Modem
ISP will automatically give you an IP address. Please refer to section
4.2.1 for details.
Fixed-IP xDSL
PPPoE xDSL
PPTP xDSL
L2TP XDSL
ISP has given you a fixed IP address already. Please refer to section
4.2.2 for details.
ISP requires you to use a Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE)
connection. Please refer to section 4.2.3 for details.
ISP requires you to use a Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)
connection. Please refer to section 4.2.4 for details.
This is not widely used. You need to know the PPTP Server address as
well as your name and password. Please refer to section 4.2.5 for
details.
Telstra Big Pond
This option is for Australia only. Please refer to section 4.2.6 for details.
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4.2.1
Cable Modem
With Cable Modem connection, the ISP will automatically give you an IP address. Some ISP may also
require you to fill in additional information such as Host Name and MAC address (see screen below).
Note: The Host Name and MAC address section is optional and you can skip this section if your ISP
does not require these settings for you to connect to the Internet.
Parameters
Host Name
Description
Type in the host name provided by your ISP if any; otherwise, just leave it blank.
To connect to Internet, your ISP will require a MAC address from your PC. Type in this
MAC address in this section or use the “Clone MAC Address” button to replace the
WAN port MAC address with the your PC’s. To find out the PC’s MAC address, see
Appendix A. (also see Glossary for an explanation on MAC address).
MAC Address
When the configuration finished, click “OK” to next step or click “Back” to previous step. After press
“OK”, you will see a web screen to prompt you the configurations save successfully. Please refer to
section 4.2.7 for the information of this screen.
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4.2.2
Fixed-IP xDSL
Select Fixed-IP xDSL if your ISP has given you a specified IP address. Your ISP should provide all the
information required in this section.
Parameters
Description
IP address assigned by your
Service Provider
Subnet Mask
The IP address that your ISP should provide you.
Enter the Subnet Mask provided by your ISP (e.g. 255.255.255.0).
The IP address of ISP’s DNS (Domain Name Service) Server.
The ISP’s IP address gateway.
DNS Address
Service Provider Gateway
Address
Please consult your local ISP about the information above.
When the configuration finished please click “OK” to next step or click “Back” to previous step. After
press “OK”, you will see a web screen to prompt you the configurations save successfully. Please refer
to section 4.2.7 for the information of this screen.
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4.2.3 PPPoE xDSL
Select PPPoE if your ISP requires the PPPoE protocol for Internet connectivity. Your ISP should
provide all the information like user name, password required in this section.
Parameters
User Name
Password
Service Name
MTU
Description
Enter the User Name provided by your ISP for the PPPoE connection.
Enter the Password provided by your ISP for the PPPoE connection.
This is an optional parameter. Leave it blank unless your ISP requires it.
This is an optional parameter. You can specify the maximum size of transmission
packet to the Internet. The range of the MTU will be from 512 to 1492. You can also
consult you ISP for the optimal MTU as well. Default: 1392.
Connection Type
If you select “Continuous”, the router will always connect to the ISP. If the WAN line
breaks down and links again, the router will auto-reconnect to the ISP.
If you select “Connect On Demand”, the router will auto-connect to the ISP when a
client in LAN want to use the Internet and keep connected until the WAN idle
timeout. The router will close the WAN connection if the time period that no one is
using the Internet exceeds the “Idle Time”.
If you select “Manual”, the router will connect to ISP only when you click “Connect”
manually from the Web user interface. The WAN connection will not disconnected
due to the idle timeout. If the WAN line breaks down and latter links again, the router
will not auto-connect to the ISP. Default: Continuous.
Idle Time
You can specify an idle time threshold (minutes) for the WAN port. This means if no
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packets have been sent (no one using the Internet) during this specified period, the
router will automatically disconnect the connection from your ISP.
Note: This “idle timeout” function may not work due to abnormal activities of some
network application software, computer virus or hacker attacks from the Internet. For
example, some software sends network packets to the Internet in the background,
even when you are not using the Internet. So please turn off your computer when
you are not using it. This function also may not work with some ISP. So please make
sure this function can work properly, especially when your ISP charges you by time
used.
When the configuration finished, click “OK” to next step or click “Back” to previous step. After press
“OK”, you will see a web screen to prompt you the configurations save successfully. Please refer to
section 4.2.7 for the information of this screen.
4.2.4
PPTP xDSL
Select PPTP if your ISP requires the PPTP protocol to connect to the Internet. Your ISP should provide
all the information required in this section.
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Parameter
Description
Obtain an IP address
Host Name
Select it if the ISP requires you to obtain an IP address by DHCP automatically.
Type in the host name provided by your ISP if any; otherwise, just leave it blank.
To connect to the Internet, your ISP will require a MAC address from your PC.
Type in this MAC address in this section or use the “Clone MAC Address”
button to replace the WAN port MAC address with the MAC address of that PC.
To find out the PC’s MAC address, see Appendix A. (also see Glossary for an
explanation on MAC address).
MAC Address
Use the following IP
address
Select it if the ISP provides you a static IP to connect to the PPTP server.
IP Address
This is the IP address that your ISP has given you to establish a PPTP
connection.
Subnet Mask
Gateway
Enter the Subnet Mask provided by your ISP (e.g. 255.255.255.0)
Enter the IP address of the ISP’s Gateway.
User ID
Enter the User Name provided by your ISP for the PPTP connection.
Sometimes called a Connection ID.
Password
Enter the Password provided by your ISP for the PPTP connection
If your LAN has a PPTP gateway, enter that PPTP gateway’s IP address here. If
you do not have a PPTP gateway, enter the ISP’s Gateway IP address above.
This is the ID given by ISP. This is an optional parameter.
PPTP Gateway
Connection ID
MTU
This is an optional parameter. You can specify the maximum size of
transmission packet to the Internet. The range of the MTU will be from 512 to
1492. You can also consult you ISP for the optimal MTU as well. Default: 1392
Select this item if you are using the service provided by BEZEQ in Israel.
If you select “Continuous”, the router will always connect to the ISP. If the WAN
line breaks down and links again, the router shall auto- reconnect to the ISP.
If you select “Connect On Demand”, the router will auto-connect to the ISP
when a client in LAN wants to use the Internet and keep connected until the
WAN idle timeout. The router will close the WAN connection if the time period
that no one is using the Internet exceeds the “Idle Time”.
BEZEQ-ISRAEL
Connection Type
If you select “Manual”, the router will connect to ISP only when you click
“Connect” manually from the Web user interface. The WAN connection will not
disconnected due to the idle timeout. If the WAN line breaks down and latter
links again, the router will not auto-connect to the ISP. Default: Continuous.
You can specify an idle time threshold (minutes) for the WAN port. This means
if no packets have been sent (no one using the Internet) throughout this
specified period, the router will automatically disconnect to with your ISP.
Note: This “idle timeout” function may not work due to abnormal activities of
Idle Time
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some network application software, computer virus or hacker attacks from the
Internet. For example, some software sends network packets to the Internet in
the background, even when you are not using the Internet. So please turn off
your computer when you are not using it. This function also may not work with
some ISP. So please make sure this function can work properly, especially
when your ISP charges you by time used.
When the configuration finished please click “OK” to next step or click “Back” to previous step. After
press “OK”, you will see a web screen to prompt you the configurations save successfully. Please refer
to section 4.2.7 for the information of this screen.
4.2.5
L2TP xDSL
Select L2TP if your ISP requires the L2TP protocol to connect to the Internet. Your ISP should provide
all the information required in this section.
Parameter
Description
Obtain an IP address
Host Name
Select it if the ISP requires you to obtain an IP address by DHCP automatically.
If your ISP requires a Host Name, type in the host name provided by your ISP;
otherwise, just leave it blank.
MAC Address
To connect to the Internet, your ISP will require a MAC address from your PC.
Type in this MAC address in this section or use the “Clone MAC Address”
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button to replace the WAN port MAC address with the MAC address of that PC.
To find out the PC’s MAC address, see Appendix A. (also see Glossary for an
explanation on MAC address.
Use the following IP
address
Select it if the ISP provides you a static IP to connect to the L2TP server.
IP Address
This is the IP address that your ISP has given you to establish a L2TP
connection.
Subnet Mask
Gateway
Enter the Subnet Mask provided by your ISP (e.g. 255.255.255.0)
Enter the IP address of the ISP’s Gateway.
User ID
Enter the User Name provided by your ISP for the L2TP connection.
Sometimes called a Connection ID.
Password
Enter the Password provided by your ISP for the L2TP connection
If your LAN has a L2TP gateway, enter that L2TP gateway’s IP address here. If
you do not have a L2TP gateway, enter the ISP’s Gateway IP address above.
This is an optional parameter. You can specify the maximum size of
transmission packet to the Internet. The range of the MTU will be from 1492 to
512. You can also consult you ISP for the optimal MTU as well. Default: 1392
If you select “Continuous”, the router will always connect to the ISP. If the WAN
line breaks down and links again, the router shall auto- reconnect to the ISP.
If you select “Connect On Demand”, the router will auto-connect to the ISP
when someone want to use the Internet and keep connected until the WAN idle
timeout. The router will close the WAN connection if the time period that no one
is using the Internet exceeds the “Idle Time”.
L2TP Gateway
MTU
Connection Type
If you select “Manual”, the router will connect to ISP only when you click
“Connect” manually from the Web user interface. The WAN connection will not
disconnected due to the idle timeout. If the WAN line breaks down and latter
links again, the router will not auto-connect to the ISP. Default: Continuous.
You can specify an idle time threshold (minutes) for the WAN port. This means
if no packets have been sent (no one using the Internet) throughout this
specified period, then the router will automatically disconnect the connection
with your ISP.
Idle Time
Note: This “idle timeout” function may not work due to abnormal activities of
some network application software, computer virus or hacker attacks from the
Internet. For example, some software sends network packets to the Internet in
the background, even when you are not using the Internet. So please turn off
your computer when you are not using it. This function also may not work with
some ISP. So please make sure this function can work properly, especially
when your ISP charges you by time used.
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When the configuration finished please click “OK” to next step or click “Back” to previous step. After
press “OK”, you will see a web screen to prompt you the configurations save successfully. Please refer
to section 4.2.7 for the information of this screen.
4.2.6
Telstra Big Pond
Select Telstra Big Pond if you are live in Australia and your ISP requires this protocol to connect to the
Internet. Your ISP should provide all the information required in this section.
Parameters
User Name
Password
Description
Enter the User Name provided by your ISP for the connection.
Enter the Password provided by your ISP for the connection.
User Decide login If you ISP has provide the login server IP address to you, please check this box and
server manually
Login Server
enter the Login Server IP address below.
Please enter the Login Server IP address here.
When the configuration finished please click “OK” to next step or click “Back” to previous step. After press
“OK”, you will see a web screen to prompt you the configurations save successfully. Please refer to
section 4.2.7 for the information of this screen.
4.2.7
Save Settings Successfully
When you press “OK” in above configuration, the settings will be saved and the screen appears as below.
Before WRT-414 restart, the settings are saved, but not function yet. You can also click “Continue” to
configure other settings, this web page will appear when you save the settings in each configuration
screen. Press “Apply” to restart the WRT-414 for the change to take effect immediately.
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Chapter 5 General Setup
After click on the “General Setup” button at the main Page, you should see the screen below.
The General Setup contain advanced features that allow you to configure the router to meet the
network’s needs such as: Wireless, Port Forwarding, Virtual Server, Access Control, URL Blocking,
Special Applications, DMZ and other functions.
5.1
System
This section shows how to setup the Broadband router’s system Time Zone, Password and Remote
Management Administrator.
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5.1.1
Time Zone
The Time Zone allows WRT-414 to allocate its time on the settings configured here, it will affect log
display functions such as Security Log and Firewall settings.
Parameter
Description
Set Time Zone
Select the time zone of the country you are currently in. The router will set its time
based on your selection.
Time Server Address You can keep the default IP address or enter a new Time Server Address for this
device to synchronize its time. You can also refer to the web site
http://www.ntp.org to find a nearest time server.
Daylight Savings
The router can also take Daylight savings into account. Select the check box to
enable your daylight saving configuration. You can set the days that you wish to
start and stop daylight Savings Time.
After the setup completed, please click “Apply” to save the settings. After press “Apply”, you will see a
web screen to prompt you the configurations save successfully. You may refer to section 4.2.7 for the
information of this screen.
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5.1.2
Password Setup
This screen allows you to change the management password.
Parameters
Description
Current Password
Enter your current password for the remote management administrator to
login to your Broadband router.
New Password
Enter your new password.
Confirmed Password
Enter your new password again for verification purposes.
After the setup completed, please click “Apply” to save the settings. After press “Apply”, you will see a
web screen to prompt you the configurations save successfully. You may refer to section 4.2.7 for the
information of this screen.
Note: If you forget the password, please reset the WRT-414 to the factory default by press reset button
(on WRT-414’s rear panel) over 5 seconds.
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5.1.3
Remote Management
You can specify a Host IP address that can perform remote management from Internet.
Parameters
Description
Host Address
The IP address of the host on Internet that will have management / configuration
access to the Broadband router. Leave it to 0.0.0.0 means anyone can access the
router’s web-based configuration from any remote location.
Click the Enabled box to enable the Remote Management function.
Note: When you want to access the web-based management from a remote site, you
must enter the router’s WAN IP address (e.g. 10.0.0.1) into your web-browser followed
by port number 8080, e.g. 10.0.0.1:8080 (see below). You’ll also need to know the
password set in the Password Setting screen in order to access the management
pages.
After the setup completed, please click “Apply” to save the settings. After press “Apply”, you will see a
web screen to prompt you the configurations save successfully. You may refer to section 4.2.7 for the
information of this screen.
5.2
WAN
The WAN Settings screen allows you to specify the type of Internet connection. The WAN settings offer
the following selections for the router’s WAN port, Dynamic IP, Static IP, PPPoE, PPTP, L2TP, and
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Telstra Big Pond. Please select one of the connection types and click “More Configuration” button or
select the option on the left window for configurarion.
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5.2.1 Dynamic IP
If Dynamic IP is selected, your ISP will automatically give you an IP address. Some ISP’s may also
require that you fill in additional information such as Host Name, Domain Name and MAC address.
Please refer to the section 4.2.1 for more settings of this option.
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5.2.3
PPPoE
Select PPPoE if your ISP requires PPPoE protocol to connect to the Internet. Your ISP should provide
all the information required in this section. Please refer to the section 4.2.3 to know the detail settings
of this option.
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5.2.6
Telstra Big Pond
Select Telstra Big Pond if your ISP requires the Telstra Big Pond protocol to connect you to the Internet.
Telstra Big Pond protocol is used by the ISP in Australia. Your ISP should provide all the information
required in this section. Please refer to section 4.2.6 for more settings of this option.
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5.2.7
DNS
A Domain Name System (DNS) server is like an index of IP addresses and Web addresses. If you type
index and the matching IP address. Most ISPs provide a DNS server for efficiency and convenience. If
your Service Provider connects you to the Internet with dynamic IP settings, it is likely that the DNS
server IP address is provided automatically. However, if there is a DNS server that you would rather to
use, please specify the IP address of that DNS server here.
Parameters
Description
Domain Name Server (DNS) This is the ISP’s DNS server IP address that they gave you; or you can
Server
specify your own preferred DNS server IP address.
This is optional. You can enter another DNS server’s IP address as a
backup. The secondary DNS will be used when the above primary DNS
fails.
Secondary DNS Address
(optional)
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
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5.2.8
DDNS
DDNS allows you to map the static domain name to a dynamic IP address. You must get an account,
password and your static domain name from the DDNS service providers. This router supports
DynDNS and TZO.
Parameters
Dynamic DNS
Provider
Description
Enable/Disable the DDNS function of this router.
Select a DDNS service provider. The default setting is “DynDNS”.
Your static domain name that use DDNS.
Domain name
Account / E-mail
Password / Key
The account that your DDNS service provider assigned to you.
The password you set for the DDNS service account above.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
5.3
LAN
The LAN Port screen below allows you to specify a private IP address for your router’s LAN interface.
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Parameters
LAN IP
Description
IP Address
Designate the Access Point’s IP Address. This IP Address should be unique in
your network. The default IP Address is 192.168.0.1.
Subnet Mask
Specify a Subnet Mask for your LAN segment. The Subnet Mask of the Access
Point is fixed and the value is 255.255.255.0.
802.1d Spanning Tree If it is enabled, this router will use the spanning tree protocol to prevent from
network loop happened in the LAN ports.
DHCP Server
Lease Time
Enable or disable the DHCP Server.
The DHCP Server will temporarily assign IP addresses to LAN clients. In the
Lease Time setting you can specify the time period that the DHCP Server lends
an IP address to your LAN client. The DHCP Server will change your LAN client’s
IP address when this time threshold period is reached.
IP Address Pool
Start IP/End IP
You can designate a particular IP address range for your DHCP server to issue IP
addresses to your LAN Clients. By default the IP range is from: Start IP
192.168.0.100 to End IP 192.168.0.200.
Domain Name
You can specify the Domain Name for your Access Point.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
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settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
5.4
Wireless
This screen allows you to Enable/Disable WRT-414 wireless function.
Parameters
Description
Enable/Disable
You can select to “Enable” or “Disable” the Wireless interface. After
selected, please click “Apply” to make the settings effect.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
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5.4.1
Basic Settings
WRT-414 supports not only Access Point function, but also provides Station, Bridge and WDS mode.
Please Refer to “Chapter 6 Wireless Configuration” know the details settings of wireless Basic
Settings. In Default, WRT-414 will work with AP mode.
5.4.2
Advance Settings
You should not change the parameters in this screen unless you know what effect the changes will
have on WRT-414. When configuration finished, please click “Apply” to save the settings.
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Parameters
Description
Authentication Type Normally, you can leave this at “Auto”, so that Wireless Stations can use either
method ("Open System" or "Shared Key".).
If you wish to use a particular method, select the appropriate value - "Open
System" or "Shared Key". All Wireless stations must then be set to use the same
method.
Fragment Threshold “Fragment Threshold” specifies the maximum size of packet during the
fragmentation of data to be transmitted. If you set this value too low, it will result
in bad performance.
RTS Threshold
Beacon Interval
Data Rate
When the packet size is smaller the RTS threshold, the access point will not use
the RTS/CTS mechanism to send this packet.
The interval of time that this access point broadcast a beacon. Beacon is used to
synchronize the wireless network.
The Data Rate is the rate of data transmission. The WRT-414 will use the highest
possible selected transmission rate to transmit the data packets.
Preamble Type
Preamble type defines the length of CRC block in the frames during the wireless
communication. “Short Preamble” is suitable for high traffic wireless network.
“Long Preamble” can provide more reliable communication.
Broadcast ESSID
If you enable “Broadcast ESSID”, every wireless station located within the
coverage of this access point can discover this WRT-414 easily. If you are
building a public wireless network, enabling this feature is recommended. In
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private network, disabling “Broadcast ESSID” can provide better security.
If you enable “IAPP”, the access point will automatically broadcast information of
associated wireless stations to its neighbors. This will help wireless station
roaming smoothly between access points. If you have more than one access
points in your wireless LAN and wireless stations have roaming requirements,
enabling this feature is recommended. Disabling “IAPP” can provide better
security.
IAPP
802.11g Protection
This is also called CTS Protection. It is recommended to enable the protection
mechanism. This mechanism can decrease the rate of data collision between
802.11b and 802.11g wireless stations. When the protection mode is enabled, the
throughput of the AP will be a little lower due to many of frame traffic should be
transmitted.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
5.4.3
Security
WRT-414 provides complete wireless LAN security functions, includes WEP, 802.1x, 802.1x
with WEP, WPA-PSK and WPA RADIUS. With these security functions, you can prevent your
wireless LAN from illegal access. Please make sure your wireless stations use the same
security function. In default, the security function is “Disable”.
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5.4.3.1
WEP
When you select 64-bit or 128-bit WEP key, you have to enter WEP keys to encrypt data. You can
generate the key by yourself. You can enter four WEP keys and select one of them as default key.
Then the access point will just allow the clients that with the same encryption keys connected. You
can use WEP encryption in “AP mode”, “Station-Ad Hoc mode”, “Station-Infrastructure mode” and
“AP Bridge-WDS mode”.
If you would like to enable 802.1x Authentication also, please check the “Enable 802.1x Authentication”
and refer to section 5.4.3.2 for the detail of 802.1x settings.
Parameter
Description
Encryption
Key Length
Please select “WEP” in this option.
You can select the 64 or 128-bit key to encrypt transmitted data. Larger
WEP key length will provide higher level of security, but the throughput
will be lower.
Key Format
You may select to select ASCII Characters (alphanumeric format) or
Hexadecimal Digits (in the “A-F”, “a-f” and “0-9” range) to be the WEP
Key.
Default Tx Key
Select one of the four keys to encrypt your data. Only the key you select
it in the “Default key” will take effect.
Encryption Key 1 - Key 4
The WEP keys are used to encrypt data transmitted in the wireless
network. Fill the text box by following the rules below.
64-bit WEP: input 10-digit Hex values (in the “A-F”, “a-f” and “0-9”
range) or 5-digit ASCII character as the encryption keys.
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128-bit WEP: input 26-digit Hex values (in the “A-F”, “a-f” and “0-9”
range) or 10-digit ASCII characters as the encryption keys.
Enable 802.1x Authentication Check this box if you want to enable 802.1x authentication with WEP
encryption. You may refer to section 5.4.3.2 to enter the correct setting
of the fields.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
5.4.3.2
802.1x
IEEE 802.1x is an authentication protocol. Every user must use a valid account to login to this Access
Point before accessing the wireless LAN. The authentication is processed by a RADIUS server. This
mode only authenticates user by IEEE 802.1x, but it does not encryption the data during communication.
It is suggested to enable 802.1x and WEP at the same time.
Parameter
Description
Encryption
If you want to use 802.1x only, keep this setting in “Disable”.
Enable 802.1x Authentication Please check this option to enable 802.1x function.
Enter RADIUS Serer IP address.
RADIUS Server IP Address
Leave the default port setting or assign a new port number for this
RADIUS Server Port
option.
Please enter the password that is configured in RADIUS Server.
RADIUS Server Password
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After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
5.4.3.3
WPA-PSK
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is an advanced security standard. You can use a pre-shared key to
authenticate wireless stations and encrypt data during communication. It uses TKIP or CCMP (AES) to
change the encryption key frequently. So the encryption key is not easy to be broken by hackers. This
can improve security very much.
Parameter
Description
Encryption
Please select “WPA pre-shared key” in this option.
WPA (TKIP)
TKIP can change the encryption key frequently to enhance the wireless
LAN security.
WPA Unicast
Cipher Suite
WPA2 (AES) This use CCMP protocol to change encryption key frequently. AES can
provide high-level encryption to enhance the wireless LAN security.
WPA2 Mixed This will use TKIP or AES based on the other communication peer
automatically.
Pre-shared Key Format
You may select to select Passphrase (alphanumeric format) or
Hexadecimal Digits (in the “A-F”, “a-f” and “0-9” range) to be the
Pre-shared Key.
Pre-shared Key
The Pre-shared key is used to authenticate and encrypt data
transmitted in the wireless network. Fill the text box by following the
rules below.
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Hex: input 64-digit Hex values (in the “A-F”, “a-f” and “0-9” range) or at
least 8 character pass phrase as the pre-shared keys.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
5.4.3.4
WPA RADIUS
You can use a RADIUS server to authenticate wireless stations and provide the session key to encrypt
data during communication. It uses TKIP or CCMP (AES) to change the encryption key frequently.
Parameter
Description
Encryption
Please select “WPA RADIUS” in this option.
WPA (TKIP)
TKIP can change the encryption key frequently to enhance the wireless
LAN security.
WPA Unicast
Cipher Suite
WPA2 (AES) This use CCMP protocol to change encryption key frequently. AES can
provide high-level encryption to enhance the wireless LAN security.
WPA2 Mixed This will use TKIP or AES based on the other communication peer
automatically.
Enter RADIUS Serer IP address.
RADIUS Server IP Address
RADIUS Server Port
Leave the default port setting or assign a new port number for this
option.
Please enter the password that is assigned in RADIUS Server.
RADIUS Server Password
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
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5.4.4
Access Control
WRT-414 provides MAC Address Filtering, which prevents the unauthorized users from accessing your
wireless network.
Parameters
Description
Enable Wireless
Access Control
Enable or disable the MAC Address Filtering function.
Add MAC Address In the bottom “New” area, fill in the “MAC Address” and “Comment” of the wireless
to the control table station and then click “Add”. Then this wireless station will be added into the “MAC
Address Filtering Table” above.
Remove MAC
address from the
table
If you want to remove some MAC address from the “Current Access Control List”,
select the MAC addresses you want to remove in the list and then click “Delete
Selected”.
Delete All
Reset
If you want remove all MAC addresses from the list, just click this button.
Click “Reset” will clear your current selections.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
5.5
QoS
Quality of Service (QoS) refers to the capability of providing better service to selected network traffic. The
primary goal of QoS is to provide priority including dedicated bandwidth, controlled jitter and latency
(required by some real-time and interactive traffic), and improved loss characteristics. When using this
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feature, it is important to make sure the rules are not conflicted with each other.
Parameters
Description
Add
When you want to add a new QoS rule, press this button and refer to section
5.5.1 to add a new QoS rule.
Edit
When you want to edit the existing QoS rule, press this button and refer to
section 5.5.1 to edit QoS rule.
Delete Selected
Delete All
Select the QoS rule which you would like to delete , then press this button to
delete.
When you want to delete all the QoS rules, you just need to press this
button.
Move Up
Remove Down
Reset
Select a QoS rule and press this button to assign higher priority.
Select a QoS rule and press this button to assign lower priority.
Click “Reset” to clear your current selections.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
5.5.1
Add/Edit QoS Rule
You can assign packet classification criteria by its source IP range, destination IP range, traffic type,
protocol, source port range and destination port range parameters. The parameters that you leave as
blank will be ignored. The priority of this rule will be applied to packets that match classification criteria of
this rule. You can limit bandwidth consumed by packets that match this rule or guarantee bandwidth
required by packets that match this rule.
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After press Add or Edit button in QoS screen, you will see the web screen below for user to setup their
QoS rule.
Parameters
Rule Name
Bandwidth
Description
Please give a name to the QoS Rule
You can limit the maximum bandwidth consumed by this rule by selecting
“Maximum”. You also can reserve enough bandwidth for this rule by
selecting “Guarantee”. The unit of bandwidth is Kbps. When we download
data from Internet, the unit of download screen shows is KBps. 1KBps is
equal to 8Kbps. When you enter the bandwidth, please make sure the
number you enter is correct. For example, if you want to limit users
download speed to 50KBps from Internet, you will need to enter 400Kbps in
the configuration.
Local IP Address
Local Port Range
Remote IP Address
Remote Port Range
Traffic Type
Please enter the IP address of the local PC.
Please enter the port range.
Please enter the IP address of the PC from remote site.
Please enter the port range.
Select the traffic type of the packets that this rule will apply to. We list some
popular applications here to ease the configuration. You also can get the
same result by using other parameters, for example source or destination
port number, if you are familiar with the application protocol.
Please select the protocol TCP or UDP in the list.
Protocol
After configuration complete, please click “Save” to save the settings. Or you may press “Reset” to clear
the settings to enter again.
5.6
NAT
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Network Address Translation (NAT) allows multiple users at your local site to access the Internet via a
single legal IP Address. NAT provides Firewall protection from hacker attacks and has the flexibility to
allow you to map Private IP Addresses to Public IP Addresses for key services such as Websites and
FTP. If NAT is disabled, all LAN side workstations must have legal IP addresses for Internet access. If
the router is used for routing application, not for Internet access, the NAT function can be disabled.
Parameters
Description
Enable/Disable
You can select to enable or disable the NAT function. After selected, please
click “Apply” to make the settings effect.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
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5.6.1
Port Forwarding
The Port Forwarding allows you to re-direct a particular range of service port numbers (from the
Internet/WAN Ports) to a particular LAN IP address. It helps you to host some servers behind the
firewall.
Parameters
Description
Enable Port Forwarding
Private IP
Enable Port Forwarding.
This is the private IP of the server in LAN.
Note: You need to give your LAN PC clients a fixed/static IP address for Port
Forwarding to work properly.
Type
This is the protocol type to be forwarded. You can choose to forward “TCP”
or “UDP” packets only or select “both” to forward both “TCP” and “UDP”
packets.
Port Range
Comment
Add
The range of ports to be forward to the private IP.
The description of this setting.
Fill in the "Private IP", “Type”, “Port Range” and "Comment" of the setting to
be added and then click "Add". Then this Port Forwarding setting will be
added into the "Current Port Forwarding Table" below. If you find any typo
before adding it and want to retype again, just click "Clear" and the fields will
be cleared.
Reset
Click “Reset” will clear your current settings to allows you to enter again.
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Current Port Forwarding Table
Delete Selected
If you want to remove some MAC address from the “Current Access Control
List”, select the MAC addresses you want to remove in the table and then
click “Delete Selected”.
Delete All
Reset
If you want remove all MAC addresses from the table, just click this button.
Click “Reset” will clear your current selections.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
5.6.2 Virtual Server
Use the Virtual Server function when you need to have different servers in your LAN to handle many
services and Internet applications (e.g. Email, FTP, Web server etc.) to the Internet. Computers use
numbers called port numbers to recognize a particular service/Internet application type. The Virtual
Server allows you to re-direct a particular service port number (from the WAN Port) to a particular LAN
private IP address as its service port number. (See Glossary for an explanation on Port number).
Parameters
Description
Enable Virtual Server
Private IP
Enable Virtual Server.
This is the LAN client/host IP address that the Public Port number packet will
be sent to.
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Note: You need to give your LAN PC clients a fixed/static IP address for
Virtual Server to work properly.
Private Port
This is the port number (of the above Private IP host) that the below Public
Port number will be changed to when the packet enters your LAN (to the
LAN Server/Client IP).
Type
Select the port number protocol type (TCP, UDP or Both). If you are unsure,
then leave it to the default both protocols.
Public Port
Enter the service (service/Internet application) port number from the Internet
that will be re-directed to the above Private IP address host in your LAN.
Note: Virtual Server function will have priority over the DMZ function if there
is a conflict between the Virtual Server and the DMZ settings.
Fill in the "Private IP", "Private Port", "Type", “Public Port” and "Comment" of
the setting to be added and then click "Add". Then this Virtual Server setting
will be added into the "Current Virtual Server Table" below. If you find any
typo before adding it and want to retype again, just click "Clear" and the
fields will be cleared.
Add
Reset
Click “Reset” will clear your current settings to allows you to enter again.
Current Virtual Server Table
Delete Selected
If you want to remove some items from the “Current Virtual Server Table”,
select the MAC addresses you want to remove in the table and then click
“Delete Selected”.
Delete All
Reset
If you want remove all items of the table, just click this button.
Click “Reset” will clear your current selections.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
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5.6.3 Special Applications
Some applications require multiple connections, such as Internet games, video conferencing, Internet
telephony and others. In this section you can configure the router to support multiple connections for
these types of applications.
Parameters
Description
Enable Trigger Port
Trigger Port
Enable the Special Application function.
This is the out going (Outbound) range of port numbers for this particular
application.
Trigger Type
Public Port
Select whether the outbound port protocol are “TCP”, “UDP” or “Both”.
Enter the In-coming (Inbound) port or port range for this type of application
(e.g. 2300-2400, 47624).
Note: Individual port numbers are separated by a comma (e.g. 47624, 5775,
6541 etc.). To input a port range use a “dash” to separate the two port
number range (e.g. 2300-2400).
Public Type
Select the Inbound port protocol type: “TCP”, “UDP” or both.
The description of this setting.
Comment
Popular applications
This section lists the more popular applications that require multiple
connections. Select an application from the Popular Applications selection.
Once you have selected an application, click the “Add” button in right side of
this setting. This will automatically copy the Port Trigger information required
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for this popular application into the input fields.
Add
Add the settings into the “Current Trigger Port Table”.
Click “Reset” will clear your current settings to allows you to enter again.
Reset
Current Trigger Port Table
Delete Selected
If you want to remove some items from the “Current Trigger Port Table”,
select the MAC addresses you want to remove in the table and then click
“Delete Selected”.
Delete All
Reset
If you want to remove all items from the table, just click this button.
Click “Reset” will clear your current selections.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
Example: Special Applications
Example:
ID Trigger Port Trigger Type Public Port
Public Type Comment
1
2
28800
6112
UDP
UDP
2300-2400, 47624
6112
TCP
UDP
MSN Game Zone
Battle.net
In the example above, when a user trigger’s port 28800 (outbound) for MSN Game Zone then the
router will allow incoming packets for ports 2300-2400 and 47624 to be directed to that user.
Note: Only one LAN client can use a particular special application at a time.
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5.6.4
UPnP
UPnP is more than just a simple extension of the Plug and Play peripheral model. It is designed to
support zero-configuration, "invisible" networking, and automatic discovery for a breadth of device
categories from a wide range of vendors.
With UPnP, a device can dynamically join a network, obtain an IP address, convey its capabilities, and
learn about the presence and capabilities of other devices-all automatically; truly enabling zero
configuration networks. Devices can subsequently communicate with each other directly; thereby further
enabling peer to peer networking.
Parameters
Description
UPnP Feature
Enable or Disable UPnP function.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
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5.6.5
ALG Settings
You can select applications that need “Application Layer Gateway” to support.
Parameters
Description
Enable
You can select to enable “Application Layer Gateway” of an application and
then the router will let that application correctly pass though the NAT
gateway.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
5.7
Firewall
WRT-414 provides extensive firewall protection by restricting connection parameters, thus limiting the
risk of hacker attack, and defending against a wide array of common Internet attacks. However, for
applications that require unrestricted access to the Internet, you can configure a specific client/server
in a Demilitarized Zone (DMZ).
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Parameters
Description
Enable/Disable
You can select to enable or disable the firewall function. After selected,
please click “Apply” to make the settings effect.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
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5.7.1
Access Control
This screen allows you to restrict users from accessing certain Internet applications/services (e.g.
Internet websites, email, FTP etc.). Network administrator can define the traffic type permitted in your
LAN and control which PC client can have access to these services.
Parameters
Description
Enable MAC Filtering
Check “Enable MAC Filtering” to enable MAC Filtering.
If select “Deny”, all PCs will be allowed to access Internet accept for the PCs
in the list below.
If select “Allow”, all PCs will be denied to access Internet accept for the PCs
in the list below.
Add PC
Fill in “Client PC MAC Address” and “Comment” of the PC that is allowed to
access the Internet, and then click “Add”. If you find any typo before adding it
and want to retype again, just click "Reset" and the fields will be cleared.
If you want to remove some PC from the "MAC Filtering Table", select the
PC you want to remove in the table and then click "Delete Selected". If you
want remove all PCs from the table, just click "Delete All" button. If you want
to clear the selection and re-select again, just click “Reset”.
Remove PC
Enable IP Filtering Table Check “Enable IP Filtering Table” to enable IP filter.
If select “Deny”, all PCs will be allowed to access Internet accept for the PCs
in the list below.
If select “Allow”, all PCs will be denied to access Internet accept for the PCs
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in the list below.
Add PC
You can click “Add PC” to add an access control rule for users by IP
addresses. Please refer to section 5.7.1.1.
Remove PC
If you want to remove some PCs from the "IP Filtering Table", select
the PC you want to remove in the table and then click "Delete
Selected".
Delete All
If you want to delete all PCs. Please click this button.
5.7.1.1 Add PC
Parameters
Description
Client PC Description
Client PC IP Addresses
The description for this client PC.
Enter the IP address range that you wish to apply this Access Control rule.
You can select a range of users simply by inputting the starting users’ IP
address and the last user’s IP address in the appropriate boxes. If you want
to select only one user, just input the user’s IP address in both boxes.
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Note: You need to give your LAN PC clients a fixed/static IP address for the
Access Control rule to work properly.
Client PC Service
You can block the clients from accessing some Internet services by checking
the services you want to block.
Protocol
This allows you to select UDP, TCP or Both protocol types.
You can assign up to five port ranges. The router will block clients from
accessing Internet services that use these ports.
Click “Add” to save the settings.
Port Range
Add
Reset
Click “Reset” to clear all fields.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
5.7.2
URL Blocking
You can block users to access to some web sites by entering a full URL address or just keyword of the
web site.
Parameters
Description
Enable URL Blocking
Add URL / Keyword
Enable/disable URL Blocking.
Fill in “URL / Keyword” and then click “Add”. You can enter the full URL
address or the keyword of the web site you want to block. If you find any typo
before adding it and want to retype again, just click "Reset" and the field will
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be cleared.
Remove URL / Keyword If you want to remove some URL keyword from the "Current URL Blocking
Table", select the URL keyword you want to remove in the table and then
click "Delete Selected". If you want remove all URL keyword from the table,
just click "Delete All" button. If you want to clear the selection and re-select
again, just click “Reset”.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
5.7.3
DoS
WRT-414's firewall can block common hacker attacks, including Denial of Service, Ping of Death, Port
Scan and Sync Flood. If Internet attacks occur, the router can log the events.
Parameters
Description
Ping of Death
Protections from Ping of Death attack.
Discard Ping From WAN The router’s WAN port will not respond to any Ping requests.
Port Scan
Protects the router from Port Scan.
Sync Flood
Protects the router from Sync Flood attack.
Advance Settings
If you want to configure the details of each setting above, click this button,
and you will see the detail configure screen. Please make sure what the
effect of the settings will affect before your adjustment.
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After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
5.7.4
DMZ
If you have a local client PC that cannot run an Internet application (e.g. Games) properly from behind
the NAT firewall, you can open the client up to unrestricted two-way Internet access by defining a DMZ
Host. The DMZ function allows you to re-direct all packets from your WAN port IP address to a
particular IP address in your LAN. The difference between the virtual server and the DMZ function is
that the virtual server re-directs a particular service/Internet application (e.g. FTP, websites) to a
particular LAN client/server, whereas DMZ re-directs all packets (regardless of services) to one
particular LAN client/server.
Parameters
Description
Enable DMZ
Enable/disable DMZ.
Note: If there is a conflict between the Virtual Server and the DMZ setting,
the Virtual Server function will have priority over the DMZ function.
The IP address of the WAN port or any other Public IP addresses given to
you by your ISP.
Public IP Address
Client PC IP Address
Input the IP address of a particular host in your LAN that will receive all the
packets originally going to the WAN port/Public IP address above.
Note: You need to give your LAN PC clients a fixed/static IP address for
DMZ to work properly.
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After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
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Chapter 6 Wireless Configuration
In this chapter, you can Enable/Disable wireless function and configure the WRT-414 work in
different operating mode. Please refer to below sections to know the details configuration of
each operating mode.
6.1
AP Mode
This mode is set to WRT-414 by default. It served as a transparent Media Access Control (MAC)
bridge between wired and wireless network.
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Parameter
Description
Mode
Shows the current operation mode. You may set WRT-414 to other operating mode
by select other operating mode.
Band
2.4GHz (B): It forces the WRT-414 to operate in 802.11b only.
2.4GHz (G): It forces the WRT-414 to operate in 802.11g only.
2.4GHz (B+G): It allows the WRT-414 to operate in 802.11b and 802.11g
simultaneously.
ESSID
The ESSID (up to 32 printable ASCII characters) is the unique name identified in a
WLAN. The ID prevents the unintentional merging of two co-located WLANs.
Please make sure that the ESSID of all stations in the same WLAN network are the
same. The default value is “default”.
Channel Number
Select the appropriate channel from the list provided to correspond with your
network settings. Channels differ from country to country.
Channel 1-11 (North America)
Channel 1-14 (Japan)
Channel 1-13 (Europe)
Associated Clients You may press “Show Active Clients” button to check the connected client
information. After the button pressed, you will see the dialog box as below.
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You may press “Refresh” to get the new client table or “Close” to close this dialog
box.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will
see a screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for
configure other settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
6.2
Station - Ad Hoc Mode
WRT-414 serves as a wireless station (Ad-hoc) in this mode. Connected to a PC or a small
LAN (no more than 5 PCs), this station along with other wireless stations can establish a small
wireless network without Access Points.
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Parameter
Description
Mode
Shows the current operation mode. You may set WRT-414 to other
operating mode by select other operating mode.
2.4GHz (B): It forces the WRT-414 to operate in 802.11b only.
2.4GHz (G): It forces the WRT-414 to operate in 802.11g only.
2.4GHz (B+G): It allows the WRT-414 to operate in 802.11b and 802.11g
simultaneously.
Band
ESSID
Please make sure the ESSID of the wireless network that you will
connected and enter the correct ESSID in this field. The default value is
“default”.
Channel Number
Select the appropriate channel from the list provided to correspond with
your network settings. Channels differ from country to country.
Channel 1-11 (North America)
Channel 1-14 (Japan)
Channel 1-13 (Europe)
WLAN MAC
Keep default setting: WRT-414 will use it’s own MAC address to access
the wireless LAN.
Press “MAC Clone” button: It will use PC’s MAC address to access the
wireless LAN.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will
see a screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for
configure other settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
6.3
Station - Infrastructure Mode
WRT-414 serves as a wireless station (infrastructure). Connected to a PC or a small LAN (no
more than 5 PCs), it allows the PC or small LAN able to access the wireless network via Access
Point.
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Parameter
Description
Mode
Shows the current operation mode. You may set WRT-414 to other
operating mode by select other operating mode.
2.4GHz (B): It forces the WRT-414 to operate in 802.11b only.
2.4GHz (G): It forces the WRT-414 to operate in 802.11g only.
2.4GHz (B+G): It allows the WRT-414 to operate in 802.11b and 802.11g
simultaneously.
Band
ESSID
Please make sure the ESSID of the wireless network that you will
connected and enter the correct ESSID in this field. The default value is
“default”.
WLAN MAC
Keep default setting: WRT-414 will use it’s own MAC address to access
the wireless LAN.
Press “MAC Clone” button: It will use PC’s MAC address to access the
wireless LAN.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will
see a screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for
configure other settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
6.4
AP Bridge - Point to Point Mode
This function allows WRT-414 to bridge 2 wired Ethernet networks wirelessly.
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Parameter
Description
Mode
Shows the current operation mode. You may set WRT-414 to other operating
mode by select other operating mode.
Band
2.4GHz (B): It allows to select the transmit rate up to 11Mbps.
2.4GHz (G): It allows to select the transmit rate up to 54Mbps.
2.4GHz (B+G): It allows selecting the 802.11b and 802.11g data rates.
Select the appropriate channel from the list provided to correspond with your
network settings. Channels differ from country to country.
Channel 1-11 (North America)
Channel Number
Channel 1-14 (Japan)
Channel 1-13 (Europe)
MAC Address 1
Keep default setting: WRT-414 will use it’s own MAC address to access the
wireless LAN.
Press “MAC Clone” button: It will use PC’s MAC address to access the
wireless LAN.
Set Security
IF you want to enable security to protect your wireless connection. Please press
“Set Security” button and refer to section 6.7 “Security setting for bridge mode” to
configure the detail settings.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will
see a screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for
configure other settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
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6.5
AP Bridge - Point to Multipoint Mode
This function allows WRT-414 to bridge more than 2 wired Ethernet networks together by
wireless connection.
Parameter
Description
Mode
Shows the current operation mode. You may set WRT-414 to other operating mode
by select other operating mode.
Band
2.4GHz (B): It allows to select the transmit rate up to 11Mbps.
2.4GHz (G): It allows to select the transmit rate up to 54Mbps.
2.4GHz (B+G): It allows selecting the 802.11b and 802.11g data rates.
Select the appropriate channel from the list provided to correspond with your
network settings. Channels differ from country to country.
Channel 1-11 (North America)
Channel Number
Channel 1-14 (Japan)
Channel 1-13 (Europe)
AP MAC Address If you want to bridge multiple WRT-414 in this mode, you have to enter the MAC
addresses of other WRT-414 into the fields.
Set Security
IF you want to enable security to protect your wireless connection. Please press
“Set Security” button and refer to section 6.7 “Security setting for bridge mode” to
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configure the detail settings.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see
a screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure
other settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
6.6
AP Bridge - WDS Mode
If you want WRT-414 to bridge to other WRT-414 and provide access for other wireless clients
at the same time, you have to set the WRT-414 to “AP Bridge - WDS”. Simply speaking, “AP
Bridge - WDS” function is the combination of “AP mode” and “AP Bridge-Point to Multi-Point
mode”.
Parameter
Description
Mode
Shows the current operation mode. You may set WRT-414 to other operating mode
by select other operating mode.
Band
2.4GHz (B): It allows to select the transmit rate up to 11Mbps.
2.4GHz (G): It allows to select the transmit rate up to 54Mbps.
2.4GHz (B+G): It allows selecting the 802.11b and 802.11g data rates.
The ESSID (up to 32 printable ASCII characters) is the unique name identified in a
ESSID
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WLAN. The ID prevents the unintentional merging of two co-located WLANs.
Please make sure that the ESSID of all stations in the same WLAN network are the
same. The default value is “default”.
Channel Number
Select the appropriate channel from the list provided to correspond with your
network settings. Channels differ from country to country.
Channel 1-11 (North America)
Channel 1-14 (Japan)
Channel 1-13 (Europe)
Associated Clients You may press “Show Active Clients” button to check the connected client
information. After the button pressed, you will see the dialog box as below:
You may press “Refresh” to get the new client table or “Close” to close this dialog
box.
MAC Address 1 ~6 If you want to bridge more than two wired Ethernet networks together with wireless
connection, you have to enter the MAC addresses of otherWRT-414s that with join
the bridging work into the fields.
Set Security
IF you want to enable security to protect your wireless connection. Please press
“Set Security” button and refer to section “3.2.8 Security setting for bridge mode” to
configure the detail settings.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will
see a screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for
configure other settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
6.7
Security setting of bridge mode
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In “AP Bridge-Point to Point mode”, ““AP Bridge-Point to Multi-Point mode” and “AP
Bridge-WDS mode”, you can click “Set Security” to add encryption for the communication
between the bridged access points. This can protect your wireless network.
Parameter
Description
You can select “None”,“WEP 64bits”, “WEP 128bits”, “WPA (TKIP)” or “WPA2
Encryption
(AES)” of this option . In default, it is None.
This is only used when you select “WEP 64bits” or “WEP 128bits” encryption
method. You may select to select ASCII Characters (alphanumeric format) or
Hexadecimal Digits (in the “A-F”, “a-f” and “0-9” range) to be the WEP Key. For
example:
Key Format
ASCII Characters: guest
Hexadecimal Digits: 12345abcde
This is only used when you select “WEP 64bits” or “WEP 128bits” encryption
method. The WEP key is used to encrypt data transmitted between the bridged
access points. Fill the text box by following the rules below.
64-bit WEP: input 10-digit Hex values (in the “A-F”, “a-f” and “0-9” range) or 5-digit
ASCII character as the encryption keys.
WEP Key
128-bit WEP: input 26-digit Hex values (in the “A-F”, “a-f” and “0-9” range) or
10-digit ASCII characters as the encryption keys.
Pre-shared Key
You may select to select Passphrase (alphanumeric format) or Hexadecimal Digits
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Format
(in the “A-F”, “a-f” and “0-9” range) to be the Pre-shared Key. For example:
Passphrase: iamguest
Hex (64 characters): 12345abcde
Pre-shared Key
The Pre-shared key is used to authenticate and encrypt data transmitted between
the bridged access points. Fill the text box by following the rules below. Hex (64
characters): input 64-digit Hex values (in the “A-F”, “a-f” and “0-9” range) or at least
8 character pass phrase as the pre-shared keys.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will
see a screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for
configure other settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
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Chapter 7 Status
The Status screen allows you to monitor the current status of your router. You can use the Status page
to monitor the connection status of WAN and LAN interfaces, the current firmware and hardware
version numbers, any illegal attempts to access your network, and information on all DHCP client PCs
currently connected to your network.
7.1
Internet Connection
View WRT-414’s current Internet connection status and other related information.
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7.3
System Log
This screen will show you the real-time information of WRT-414.
Parameters
Description
System Log
This page shows the current system log of WRT-414. It displays the working
information about WRT-414.
About the bottoms of the page, the system log can be saved to a local file by
press “Save” button. If there is too much message in this screen, please
press “Clear” button to clear the system log . It can be refreshed to get the
most updated situation by press “Refresh” button. When the system is
powered down, the system log will be cleared.
7.4
Security Log
View any attempts that have been made to illegally gain access to your network.
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Parameters
Description
Security Log
This page shows the current security log of WRT-414. It displays any illegal
attempts to access your network.
About the bottoms of the page, the security log can be saved to a local file by
press “Save” button. If there is too much message in this screen, please
press “Clear” button to clear the system log . It can be refreshed to get the
most updated situation by press “Refresh” button. When the system is
powered down, the security log will be cleared.
7.5
Active DHCP Client
View your client's information that is currently linked to WRT-414's DHCP server.
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Parameters
Description
DHCP Client Table
This page shows all the DHCP clients currently connected to your network.
The “Active DHCP Client Table” displays the IP address and the MAC
address and Time Expired of each Client. Use the Refresh button to get the
most updated situation.
7.6
Statistics
View the statistics of packets sent and received on WLAN, LAN and WAN.
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Parameters
Description
Statistics
Shows the counters of packets sent and received on WLAN, LAN and WAN.
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Chapter 8 Tools
This page includes the basic configuration tools, such as Configuration Tools (save or restore
configuration settings), Firmware Upgrade (upgrade system firmware) and Reset.
8.1
Configuration Tools
The Configuration Tools screen allows you to “Backup” the router’s current configuration setting.
Saving the configuration settings provides an added protection and convenience when problems occur
and you have to reset to factory default. With the saved file, you can re-load the saved configuration
into the router through the “Restore” function. If extreme problems occur you can use the “Restore to
Factory Defaults” selection, this will set all configurations to its original default settings.
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Parameters
Description
Configuration Tools
Use the "Backup" tool to save WRT-414 current configuration to a file
named "config.bin" in your PC. You can then use the "Restore" tool to
restore the saved configuration to WRT-414. The "Restore to Factory
Defaults" tool can force WRT-414 to perform a power reset for restore it to
original factory settings.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button to save the configuration. Then you will see a
screen to prompt you the settings are save successfully. You may press “Continue” for configure other
settings or “Apply” to restart WRT-414 with new configuration.
8.2
Firmware Upgrade
This page prompt you it allows you to upgrade the router’s firmware. Please press “Next” to
continue.
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Parameters
Description
Firmware Upgrade
This tool allows you to upgrade WRT-414’s system firmware. To upgrade the
firmware of your Broadband router, you need to download the firmware file to
your local hard disk, and enter that file name and path in the appropriate field
on this page. You can also press the “Browse…” button to find out the
firmware file on your PC.
Once you’ve selected the new firmware file, click “Apply” bottom to start the upgrade process. (You
may have to wait a few minutes for the upgrade to complete and WRT-414 restart). After the WRT-414
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restart, you can start using the router.
8.3
Reset
You can reset the router’s system should any problem exist. The reset function is essentially
Re-boot your router.
Parameters
Description
Reset
In the event that the system stops responding correctly or in some way stops
functioning, you can perform a reset. Your settings will not be changed. To
perform the reset, click on the “Apply” button. You will be asked to confirm
your decision. The reset will be complete when the power light stops
blinking. Once the reset process is complete you may start using the router
again.
After configuration complete, please click “Apply” button, please wait for a while for the WRT-414 restart.
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Appendix A Network Adapter Information
1. In Window’s open the Command Prompt program.
2. Type “ipconfig /all” and press “Enter” key.
Then you can see the informations of your network adapter.
Your PC’s IP address is the one entitled IP address (192.168.0.100).
The router’s IP address is the one entitled Default Gateway (192.168.0.1).
Your PC’s MAC Address is the one entitled Physical Address (00-0C-6E-A5-BF-98).
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Appendix B Frequently Ask Question
Q. Can I run an application from a remote computer over the wireless network?
A. This will depend on whether or not the application is designed to be used over a network. Consult
the application’s user guide to determine if it supports operation over a network.
Q. Can I play games with other members of the wireless network?
A. Yes, as long as the game supports multiple plays over a LAN (local area network). Refer to the
game’s user guide for more information.
Q. What is the IEEE 802.11g standard?
A. The IEEE 802.11g Wireless LAN standards subcommittee, which is formulating a standard for the
industry. The objective is to enable wireless LAN hardware from different manufactures to
communicate.
Q. What IEEE 802.11 features are supported?
A. The product supports the following IEEE 802.11 functions:
‧ CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol
‧ Multi-Channel Roaming
‧ Automatic Rate Selection
‧ RTS/CTS feature
‧ Fragmentation
‧ Power Management
Q. What is Roaming?
A. Roaming is the ability of a portable computer user to communicate continuously while moving freely
throughout an area greater than that covered by a single Wireless Network Access Point. Before
using the roaming function, the workstation must make sure that it is the same channel number with
the Wireless Network Access Point of dedicated coverage area.
Q. When WRT-414 works with WDS mode, can wireless connect to it?
A. Yes, WDS mode is work as a AP and Bridge at the same time. So the wireless client can access to
WDS mode WAP-4033 without problem. When wireless client connect to the remote site via WDS
mode, the performance will be 50% then access to the connected WDS mode WAP-4033. Just like
connect to AP via a repeater.
Q. How much wired client can connect to Station mode WRT-414?
A. We will suggest you connect max. 5 wired clients to a WRT-414. This more is not suit to connect a
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large wired network. If you have much more clients has to connected via wireless, please set
WAP-4033 to Bridge mode. Bridge mode will be suit to connect wired LANs together.
Q. Is WRT-414 Bridge mode compatible with other bridge mode device?
A. Yes. WAP-4033 Bridge mode is compatible with WRT-414 and WAP-4033. They are designed with
the same chipset. So their bridge mode is compatible to each other.
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Appendix C Glossary
Access Point
Access points are way stations in a wireless LAN that are connected to an Ethernet hub or server. Users
can roam within the range of access points and their wireless device connections are passed from one
access point to the next.
Authentication
Authentication refers to the verification of a transmitted message's integrity.
DMZ
DMZ (DeMilitarized Zone) is a part of an network that is located between a secure LAN and an insecure
WAN. DMZ provides a way for some clients to have unrestricted access to the Internet.
Beacon Interval
Refers to the interval between packets sent by access points for the purposes of synchronizing wireless
LANs.
DHCP
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) software automatically assigns IP addresses to client
stations logging onto a TCP/IP network, which eliminates the need to manually assign permanent IP
addresses.
DNS
DNS stands for Domain Name System. DNS converts machine names to the IP addresses that all
machines on the net have. It translates from name to address and from address to name.
Domain Name
The domain name typically refers to an Internet site address.
Filter
Filters are schemes which only allow specified data to be transmitted. For example, the router can filter
specific IP addresses so that users cannot connect to those addresses.
Firewall
Firewalls are methods used to keep networks secure from malicious intruders and unauthorized access.
Firewalls use filters to prevent unwanted packets from being transmitted. Firewalls are typically used to
provide secure access to the Internet while keeping an organization's public Web server separate from
the internal LAN.
Firmware
Firmware refers to memory chips that retain their content without electrical power (for example, BIOS
ROM). The router firmware stores settings made in the interface.
Fragmentation
Refers to the breaking up of data packets during transmission.
FTP
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is used to transfer files over a TCP/IP network, and is typically used for
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transferring large files or uploading the HTML pages for a Web site to the Web server.
Gateway
Gateways are computers that convert protocols enabling different networks, applications, and operating
systems to exchange information.
Host Name
The name given to a computer or client station that acts as a source for information on the network.
HTTP
HTTP (HyperText Transport Protocol) is the communications protocol used to connect to servers on the
World Wide Web. HTTP establishes a connection with a Web server and transmits HTML pages to client
ICMP
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is a TCP/IP protocol used to send error and control messages
over the LAN (for example, it is used by the router to notify a message sender that the destination node is
not available).
IP
IP (Internet Protocol) is the protocol in the TCP/IP communications protocol suite that contains a network
address and allows messages to be routed to a different network or subnet. However, IP does not ensure
delivery of a complete message—TCP provides the function of ensuring delivery.
IP Address
The IP (Internet Protocol) address refers to the address of a computer attached to a TCP/IP network.
Every client and server station must have a unique IP address. Clients are assigned either a permanent
address or have one dynamically assigned to them via DHCP. IP addresses are written as four sets of
numbers separated by periods (for example, 211.23.181.189).
ISP
An ISP is an organization providing Internet access service via modems, ISDN (Integrated Services
Digital Network), and private lines.
LAN
LANs (Local Area Networks) are networks that serve users within specific geographical areas, such as in
a company building. LANs are comprised of servers, workstations, a network operating system, and
communications links such as the router.
MAC Address
A MAC address is a unique serial number burned into hardware adapters, giving the adapter a unique
identification.
Metric
A number that indicates how long a packet takes to get to its destination.
MTU
MTU (Maximum Transmission/Transfer Unit) is the largest packet size that can be sent over a network.
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Messages larger than the MTU are divided into smaller packets.
NAT
NAT (Network Address Translation - also known as IP masquerading) enables an organization to present
itself to the Internet with one address. NAT converts the address of each LAN node into one IP address
for the Internet (and vice versa). NAT also provides a certain amount of security by acting as a firewall by
keeping individual IP addresses hidden from the WAN.
(Network) Administrator
The network administrator is the person who manages the LAN within an organization. The
administrator's job includes ensuring network security, keeping software, hardware, and firmware
up-to-date, and keeping track of network activity.
NTP
NTP (Network Time Protocol) is used to synchronize the real-time clock in a computer. Internet primary
and secondary servers synchronize to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
Packet
A packet is a portion of data that is transmitted in network communications. Packets are also sometimes
called frames and datagrams. Packets contain not only data, but also the destination IP address.
Ping
Ping (Packet Internet Groper) is a utility used to find out if a particular IP address is present online, and is
usually used by networks for debugging.
Port
Ports are the communications pathways in and out of computers and network devices (routers and
switches). Most PCs have serial and parallel ports, which are external sockets for connecting devices
such as printers, modems, and mice. All network adapters use ports to connect to the LAN. Ports are
typically numbered.
PPPoE
PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol Over Ethernet) is used for running PPP protocol (normally used for
dial-up Internet connections) over an Ethernet.
Preamble
Preamble refers to the length of a CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) block that monitors communications
between roaming wireless enabled devices and access points.
Protocol
A protocol is a rule that governs the communication of data.
RIP
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) is a routing protocol that is integrated in the TCP/IP protocol. RIP finds
a route that is based on the smallest number of hops between the source of a packet and its destination.
RTS
RTS (Request To Send) is a signal sent from the transmitting station to the receiving station requesting
permission to transmit data.
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Server
Servers are typically powerful and fast machines that store programs and data. The programs and data
are shared by client machines (workstations) on the network.
SMTP
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is the standard Internet e-mail protocol. SMTP is a TCP/IP protocol
defining message format and includes a message transfer agent that stores and forwards mail.
SNMP
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is a widely used network monitoring and control protocol.
SNMP hardware or software components transmit network device activity data to the workstation used to
oversee the network.
SSID
SSID (Service Set Identifier) is a security measure used in WLANs. The SSID is a unique identifier
attached to packets sent over WLANs. This identifier emulates a password when a wireless device
attempts communication on the WLAN. Because an SSID distinguishes WLANS from each other, access
points and wireless devices trying to connect to a WLAN must use the same SSID.
Subnet Mask
Subnet Masks are used by IP protocol to direct messages into a specified network segment (i.e., subnet).
A subnet mask is stored in the client machine, server or router and is compared with an incoming IP
address to determine whether to accept or reject the packet.
SysLog Server
A SysLog server monitors incoming Syslog messages and decodes the messages for logging purposes.
TCP
(Transmission Control Protocol) is the transport protocol in TCP/IP that ensures messages over the
network are transmitted accurately and completely.
TCP/IP
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is the main Internet communications protocol.
The TCP part ensures that data is completely sent and received at the other end. Another part of the
TCP/IP protocol set is UDP, which is used to send data when accuracy and guaranteed packet delivery
are not as important (for example, in realtime video and audio transmission).
The IP component of TCP/IP provides data routability, meaning that data packets contain the destination
station and network addresses, enabling TCP/IP messages to be sent to multiple networks within the
LAN or in the WAN.
Telnet
Telnet is a terminal emulation protocol commonly used on the Internet and TCP- or IP-based networks.
Telnet is used for connecting to remote devices and running programs. Telnet is an integral component of
the TCP/IP communications protocol.
UDP
(User Datagram Protocol) is a protocol within TCP/IP that is used to transport information when accurate
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delivery isn't necessary (for example, real-time video and audio where packets can be dumped as there
is no time for retransmitting the data).
Virtual Servers
Virtual servers are client servers (such as Web servers) that share resources with other virtual servers
(i.e., it is not a dedicated server).
WEP
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) is the de facto security protocol for wireless LANs, providing the
"equivalent" security available in hardwired networks.
Wireless LAN
Wireless LANs (WLANs) are local area networks that use wireless communications for transmitting data.
Transmissions are usually in the 2.4 GHz band. WLAN devices do not need to be lined up for
communications like infrared devices. WLAN devices use access points which are connected to the wired
LAN and provide connectivity to the LAN. The radio frequency of WLAN devices is strong enough to be
transmitted through non-metal walls and objects, and can cover an area up to a thousand feet. Laptops
and notebooks use wireless LAN PCMCIA cards while PCs use plug-in cards to access the WLAN.
WLAN
WLANs (Wireless LANs) are local area networks that use wireless communications for transmitting data.
Transmissions are usually in the 2.4 GHz band. WLAN devices do not need to be lined up for
communications like infrared devices. WLAN devices use access points which are connected to the wired
LAN and provide connectivity to the LAN. The radio frequency of WLAN devices is strong enough to be
transmitted through non-metal walls and objects, and can cover an area up to a thousand feet. Laptops
and notebooks use wireless LAN PCMCIA cards while PCs use plug-in cards to access the WLAN.
WAN
WAN (Wide Area Network) is a communications network that covers a wide geographic area such as a
country (contrasted with a LAN, which covers a small area such as a company building).
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