CONCEPTRONIC C300BRS4A
Version1.0
802.11n Wireless Broadband
Router
User Manual
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
About This Manual
This manual provides descriptions of the Conceptronic C300BRS4A 802.11n Wireless Broadband
Router, its hardware and software features, and how to set up and use the device on your small
office or home network.
Before You Start
Please read and make sure you understand all the prerequisites for proper installation of your new
Wireless Broadband Router. Have all the necessary information and equipment on hand before
beginning the installation. A packing list is included at the end of this section.
Installation Overview
The procedure to install the Wireless Broadband Router can be described in general terms in the
following steps:
1.
Gather information and equipment needed to install the device. Check the contents of the
package to be certain that everything listed on the packing list is included. A packing list is
included at the end of this section. The information you will need includes the account name
or number and the password used to gain access to your service provider’s network, and
ultimately to the Internet.
2.
3.
Install the hardware, that is, connect the Ethernet cables to the device to establish the
necessary network links to your computer and connect the power adapter to power on the
Wireless Broadband Router.
Check the IP settings on your computer and change them if necessary so the computer can
access the web-based software built into the Wireless Broadband Router. Without the correct
IP settings your computer will not be able to communicate with the device or access the
software used to configure the Wireless Broadband Router. Without compatible IP settings on
your computer, you will not be able to use a web browser to access the Internet.
4.
Use the web-based management software to configure the device. Many users can install the
Wireless Broadband Router with the Setup Wizard. Some users may not need to change any of
the device settings that establish and maintain the network connection. Follow the
instructions of your service provider to find out what is required for your account.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Requirements for Installation
To install and use the Wireless Broadband Router you need a computer equipped with an Ethernet
port (such as an Ethernet NIC) and a web browser.
WLAN Ethernet Adapter
Any computer that uses the Wireless Broadband Router must be able to connect to it through the
Wireless Ethernet (WLAN) on the Wireless Broadband Router. This connection is a Wireless Ethernet
(WLAN or WiFi) connection and therefore requires that your computer be equipped with a Wireless
Ethernet Adapter as well. Many notebook computers are now sold with a Wireless Ethernet Adapter
already installed. There is also a Wired Ethernet port that is used to connect the WLAN adapter to
your wired network. This port can be used to configure the Wireless Broadband Router. Most fully
assembled desktop computers come with an Ethernet NIC adapter as standard equipment. If your
computer does not have an Ethernet port, you must install an Ethernet NIC adapter before you can
configure the Wireless Broadband Router. If you must install an adapter, follow the installation
instructions that come with the Ethernet NIC adapter.
Operating System
The Wireless Broadband Router uses an HTML-based web interface for setup and management. The
web configuration manager may be accessed using any operating system capable of running web
browser software.
Web Browser
Any common web browser can be used to configure the Wireless Broadband Router using the web
configuration management software. The program is designed to work best with more recently
released browsers such as Microsoft Internet Explorer® version 6.0, Netscape Navigator® version
6.2.3, or later versions. The web browser must have JavaScript enabled. JavaScript is enabled by
default on many browsers. Make sure JavaScript has not been disabled by other software (such as
virus protection or web user security packages) that may be running on your computer.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Packing List
Open the shipping carton and carefully remove all items. Make sure that you have the items listed
here.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1x Conceptronic C300BRS4A - 802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
3x Antenna for C300BRS4A
1x CD-ROM containing this User’s Guide
1x Straight-through Ethernet cable
1x Power Adapter, 5V, 2A DC
1x Quick Installation Guide
1x Warranty Card
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Wireless LAN
A Wireless LAN is a cellular computer network that transmits data using radio signals instead of
cables. Wireless LAN technology is commonly used for home, small office and large corporate
networks. Wireless LAN devices have a high degree of mobility and flexibility that allow network to
be quickly set up or dismantled and allow them to roam freely throughout the network.
The IEEE 802.11n Wireless LAN standard is an improvement on the IEEE 802.11g standard. The
802.11n embedded Wireless LAN access point is fully compatible with legacy IEEE 802.11b and IEEE
802.11g devices.
Some basic understanding of wireless technology and terminology is useful when you are setting up
the Wireless Broadband Router or any wireless access point. If you are not familiar with wireless
networks please take a few minutes to learn the basics.
For home users who will not incorporate a RADIUS server in their network, the security for the
Conceptronic C300BRS4A, used in conjunction with other WPA-compatible 802.11 products, will still
be much stronger than ever before. Utilizing the Pre-Shared Key mode of WPA, the Wireless
Broadband Router will obtain a new security key every time it connects to the 802.11 network. You
only need to input your encryption information once in the configuration menu. No longer will you
have to manually input a new WEP key frequently to ensure security. With the Wireless Broadband
Router, you will automatically receive a new key every time you connect, vastly increasing the
safety of your communication.
The Wireless Broadband Router is an ideal solution for quickly creating and extending a wireless
local area network (WLAN) in offices or other workplaces, trade shows and special events. The
802.11n standard is backwards compatible with 802.11b and 802.11g devices.
The Wireless Broadband Router has the newest, strongest, most advanced security features
available today. When used with other 802.11n WPA (WiFi Protected Access) compatible products in
a network with a RADIUS server, the security features include:
WPA: WiFi Protected Access, which authorizes and identifies users, based on a secret key that
change automatically at regular intervals. WPA uses TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) to
change the temporal key every 10,000 packets (a packet is a kind of message transmitted over a
network.) This insures much greater security than the standard WEP security. (By contrast, the
previous WEP encryption implementation required the keys to be changed manually.)
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Radio Transmission
Wireless LAN devices use electromagnetic waves within a broad, unlicensed range of the radio
spectrum to transmit and receive radio signals. When a wireless access point is present, it becomes
a base station for the Wireless LAN nodes in its broadcast range. Wireless LAN nodes transmit digital
data using FM (frequency modulation) radio signals. Wireless LAN devices generate a carrier wave
and modulate this signal using various techniques. In this way, digital data can then be
superimposed onto the carrier signal. This radio signal carries data to Wireless LAN devices within
range of the transmitting device. The antennae of Wireless LAN devices listen for and receive the
signal.
Range
Range should not be a problem in most homes or small offices. If you experience low or no signal
strength in some areas, consider positioning the device in a location between the Wireless LAN
devices maintaining a roughly equal straight-line distance to all devices that need to access the
Wireless Broadband Router through the wireless interface. Adding more 802.11n access points to
rooms where the signal is weak can improve signal strength.
SSID
Wireless networks use an SSID (Service Set Identifier) to allow wireless devices to roam within the
range of the network. Wireless devices that wish to communicate with each other must use the
same SSID. Several Wireless Broadband Routers or access points can be set up using the same SSID so
that wireless stations can move from one location to another without losing connection to the
wireless network.
The Wireless Broadband Router operates in Infrastructure mode. It controls network access on the
wireless interface in its broadcast area. It will allow access to the wireless network to devices using
the correct SSID after a negotiation process takes place. The Conceptronic C300BRS4A broadcasts its
SSID so that any wireless station in range can learn the SSID and ask permission to associate with it.
Many wireless adapters are able to survey or scan the wireless environment for access points. An
access point in Infrastructure mode allows wireless devices to survey that network and select an
access point with which to associate.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Front Panel LED Display
Place the Router in a location where the LED indicators on the front panel can be viewed.
The LED indicators on the front panel include the Power, Status, WAN, WLAN and WPS indicators.
Each Ethernet LAN port displays an indicator for monitoring link status and activity (Link/Act).
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3
2
1
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6
5
Nr
1
Description
Status
Status Explanation
Power LED
OFF
ON
The device is turned off
The device is turned on
2
3
Status LED
WAN LED
OFF
BLINK
OFF
The device is turned off / System Failure*
The device is turned on and ready for use
No WAN Connection is created
ON - STEADY
ON - BLINK
OFF
BLINK
OFF
ON - STEADY
ON - BLINK
ON – BLINK
A WAN Connection is created
Data is sent or received through the WAN Port
Wireless interface is disabled
Wireless interface enabled and active
No Network Link is created to the LAN Port
A Network Link is created on the LAN Port
Data is sent or received through the LAN Port
When the WPS Button is pressed, the WPS LED will
blink for 120 seconds while searching for WPS
Clients. **
4
5
WLAN LED
LAN LED’s
(1,2,3,4)
6
7
WPS LED
WPS Button
Press the WPS Button to activate the WPS feature. The router will
search for WS Clients for 120 seconds. **
*
In normal use, the Status LED will turn on and blink within 45 seconds after the device is
turned on or restarted. When a system failure happens with the device, the Status LED will not
turn on.
You can use the following options to solve the system failure:
a. Power down the device, wait 10 seconds and reconnect the power to the device.
b. Reset the device to factory defaults by pressing the reset button on the back of the
device for +/- 15 seconds.
If the Status LED does not turn on after you tried above options, please contact Conceptronic
Support at: [email protected]
** For more information about the WPS feature, see the chapter ‘Configuring Router Settings’ of
this Manual.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Rear Panel Cable Connections
Connect the power adapter cord and network cables on the rear panel. The power switch and reset
button are also located on the back of the device. Connect the antennas to the antenna posts.
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5
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1
3
7
4
Nr
Description
Explanation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Antenna Connection
LAN Ports
Antenna Connection
WAN Port
Reset Button
Power Connection
Reverse-SMA Connector for Wireless Antenna
Connect your Computer(s) to the router
Reverse-SMA Connector for Wireless Antenna
Connect your Broadband connection to the router
Reset the router to the Factory Default Settings
Connect the Power Supply to the router
Antenna Connection
Reverse-SMA Connector for Wireless Antenna
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Hardware Installation
Place the Wireless Broadband Router in a location where it can be easily connected to the wired
interface (Ethernet link to a broadband modem, for example) as well as function effectively as a
Wireless LAN access point. Make sure the Wireless Broadband Router is near a suitable power
source.
Connect the bundled power supply to the power connection on the back of the C300BRS4A and to a
free wall power outlet. The Power LED of the C300BRS4A will turn on.
Wireless LAN Performance and Environment
Many environmental factors can affect the effective wireless function of the Wireless Broadband
Router. If this is your first time setting up a wireless network device, read and consider the points
listed below.
The Wireless Broadband Router can be placed on a shelf or desktop, ideally you should be able to
see the LED indicators on the front if you need to view them for troubleshooting.
The Wireless Broadband Router lets you access your network within range of the device. However,
walls, ceilings, or other objects that the wireless signals must pass through can limit signal range.
Typical ranges vary depending on the types of materials and background RF noise in your home or
business. For maximum range and signal strength, use these basic guidelines:
1. Keep the number of walls and ceilings to a minimum:
The signal emitted from Wireless LAN devices can penetrate through ceilings and walls.
However, each wall or ceiling can reduce the range Wireless LAN devices from 1 to 30M.
Position your wireless devices so that the number of walls or ceilings obstructing the signal
path is minimized.
2. Consider the direct line between access points and workstations:
A wall that is 0.5 meters thick, at a 45-degree angle appears to be almost 1 meter thick. At a
2-degree angle, it is over 14 meters thick. Be careful to position access points and client
adapters so the signal can travel straight through (90º angle) a wall or ceiling for better
reception.
3. Building Materials make a difference:
Buildings constructed using metal framing or doors can reduce effective range of the device. If
possible, position wireless devices so that their signal can pass through drywall or open
doorways, avoid positioning them so that their signal must pass through metallic materials.
Poured concrete walls are reinforced with steel while cinderblock walls may have little or no
structural steel.
4. Keep the Wireless Broadband Router away (at least 1-2 meters) from electrical devices:
Position wireless devices away from electrical devices that generate RF noise such as micro-
wave ovens, monitors, electric motors, etc.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
5. Position antenna for best reception:
Adjust the antenna position to see if the signal strength improves. Some adapters or access
points allow the user to judge the strength of the signal. Use this method, if available, to test
signal strength.
WAN Connection
Use a LAN Cable to connect the C300BRS4A to your Broadband Gateway (Cable Modem, DSL Modem,
Fiber Gateway, etc.)
The WAN LED on the front side of the C300BRS4A will turn on.
Note: If the WAN LED on the front side does not turn on, make sure that:
- The C300BRS4A is powered (the Power LED should burn).
- The Broadband Gateway is turned on.
- The LAN cable between both devices is connected correctly.
LAN / Wireless LAN Connection
For LAN Cable Users:
Connect the LAN Cable to 1 of the 4 LAN ports on the back panel of the C300BRS4A and to the
Network Card in your computer.
The LAN LED of the used LAN port will turn on, indicating that the computer is connected. (Your
LAN Connection must be enabled and your computer turned ON).
For Wireless Users:
You can connect wireless to the C300BRS4A in 2 different ways:
-
-
Manually, without encryption.
Automatically with the WPS feature, with encryption.
If you have 1 or more clients which do not support WPS, it is advised to manually connect to the
C300BRS4A, or secure the wireless connection manually before you connect to the C300BRS4A.
You can secure your connection manually with the configuration wizard, explained in the chapter
‘Configuring Router Settings’.
In this chapter you will find the steps how to connect manually to your unsecured network.
For more information about the WPS feature and the configuration steps, see the chapter
‘Configuring Router Settings’ of this Manual.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
A. Right click the Wireless
Network Icon in your
System tray and select
“View Available Wireless
Networks”.
A
B. Select the Network
“C300BRS4A” from the
list of available wireless
networks and click
“Connect”.
B
B
C. You will receive a warning
about connecting to an
unsecured wireless
network. Click “Connect
anyway” to proceed with
the connection.
C
D. When the connection is
built, you will see the
active wireless icon in the
system tray. If you move
your mouse over the icon
you will receive an
information popup (about
the speed, signal strength
and status of your
connection).
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Computer Configuration
Configure your IP address
The C300BRS4A is equipped with a build-in DHCP Server. The DHCP Server will automatically assign
an IP address to a connected computer if the connected computer is set to “obtain an IP address
automatically”.
To configure your computer for Automatic IP follow the instructions below:
A. Click “Start” Æ “Run”.
B
B. Enter the command “NCPA.CPL”
and press “OK”.
B
The Network Connections window will appear.
C. Right click your “Local Area Connection”
(Wired or Wireless, depending on the
connection you use) and select
“Properties”.
C
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
The Properties window of your Local Area Connection will appear.
D. Select the “Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP)” and click
“Properties”.
D
D
The Properties window of the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) will appear.
E. Set the properties to “Obtain
an IP address automatically”
and press “OK” to save the
settings.
F. Press “OK” in the properties
window of the Local Area
E
Connection to save the settings.
E
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Checking your connection with the C300BRS4A
With the Command prompt of Windows you can verify if you have received a correct IP address on
your Local Area Connection:
A. Click “Start” Æ “Run”.
B. Enter the command “CMD” and press “OK”.
The Command Prompt will appear.
C. Enter the command “IPCONFIG” and press ENTER.
C
You should see the following information
IP Address
: 192.168.0.xxx (Where xxx can vary between 100 ~ 199).
Subnet Mask
: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway : 192.168.0.1
If the information shown above matches your configuration you can continue the configuration of
the device in Chapter 5.
If the shown information above does not match your configuration (i.e. your IP address is
169.254.xxx.xxx) please check the options below:
1.
2.
3.
Power OFF and Power ON the device.
Reconnect the LAN Cable to the device and to your computer.
Renew the IP address of your computer with the following commands:
- “IPCONFIG /RELEASE” to release the wrong IP address.
- “IPCONFIG /RENEW” to receive a new IP address from the device.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
3
3
If above steps do not solve the IP address problem, you can reset the device to the factory default
settings with the Reset Button on the back of the device.
Press and hold the Reset Button for +/- 15 seconds to load the Factory Default Settings. When the
Status LED is active again, repeat step C to renew your IP address.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Configuring Router Settings
This chapter describes how to configure the Wireless Broadband Router the first time you use it or if
you are configuring it after resetting the device to the factory default settings. The following
sections describe how to configure the router through the Web based configuration.
The configuration of your C300BRS4A is web based. You will need a web browser for the
configuration of the device.
Note: For configuration of the router it is advised to use a LAN Cable connection to the device
instead of a Wireless connection.
A. Start your web browser (like: Internet Explorer, FireFox or Safari).
B. Enter the IP address of the device in the address bar of your web browser (By default:
http://192.168.0.1/).
The Login page of the C300BRS4A will be shown.
C
C
C. Enter the Username and Password (Default: ‘admin’ & ‘admin’) and click “Submit” to enter
the configuration pages.
When the Username and Password are correct the router will display the “Device Settings”
overview.
The “Device Settings” overview shows all configured settings for the LAN, WAN and Wireless part of
the router.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
The “Home” menu of the configuration contains the following configuration options: Wizard,
Wireless, WAN, LAN and DHCP.
Device Settings Overview
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
HOME - WIZARD
You can setup the C300BRS4A through the build-in Wizard. This Wizard will help you configuring the
basic settings of the C300BRS4A step by step.
To use the Setup Wizard, click the Run Wizard button.
Setup Wizard window
Note: Before you begin with the Wizard Configuration, make sure you have all information for your
internet settings available. (For example: Account information, connection type, etc.)
A. The welcome screen lists five steps of
the wizard. Click “Next” to continue.
B. You are recommended to set an
admin password here. Enter the new
password and re-enter it for
confirmation.
When completed, click “Next”.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
C. For system management purpose, a
correct time setting is critical to have
accurate time stamps on the system
logs.
Set an appropriate Time Zone in this
step.
When completed, click “Next”.
D. Select the Internet Connection
method which corresponds with your
provider settings.
If you don’t know which option you
need for your internet connection,
please check the documentation of
your provider or contact your
provider helpdesk.
When completed, click “Next”.
Connection - Static IP
E. When your provider requires a Static
IP connection, select the “Static IP”
option.
Enter the requested information:
•
•
•
•
•
IP Address
Subnet Mask
ISP Gateway Address
Primary DNS
Secondary DNS (Optional)
When completed, click “Next”.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Connection – Dynamic IP
F. When your provider requires a
Dynamic IP connection, select the
“Dynamic IP” option.
Some providers require a specific
Hostname for their connections. If
your provider requires
a
specific
Hostname, enter the Host Name in
the field.
Some providers only allow 1 specific
MAC address to connect to the
internet. If your PC Network Card
works with the specific required MAC
address, press the “Clone MAC
Address” button or enter the MAC
Address manually.
When completed, click “Next”.
Connection - PPPoE
G. When your provider requires a PPPoE
connection, select the “PPPoE”
option.
Enter the requested information:
•
•
•
User Name
Password
Retype Password
When completed, click “Next”.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Connection - PPTP
H. When your provider requires a PPTP
connection, select the “PPTP”
option.
Enter the requested information:
•
•
•
•
Server IP
PPTP Account
PPTP Password
Retype Password
When completed, click “Next”.
Connection – L2TP
I.
When your provider requires a L2TP
connection, select the “L2TP”
option.
Enter the requested information:
•
•
•
•
Server IP
L2TP Account
L2TP Password
Retype Password
When completed, click “Next”.
When the WAN configuration is complete, the Wizard will continue with the Wireless
configuration:
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
J. You can change the SSID of the
router. The SSID is the name which
will be broadcasted through the
Wireless part.
You can change the channel between
channel 1 and 13. If you experience
slow connections or break-downs,
there can be another accesspoint in
your area which can interfere with
your wireless channel. In that case,
you can try another channel.
When completed, click “Next”.
You can secure your Wireless Connection with encryption. By default, the Wireless Connection is not
secured. To prevent unauthorized access to your network, set a security level through the Setup
Wizard.
If you want to use the WPS feature of the C300BRS4A, you can skip the wireless configuration and
continue the Setup Wizard without encryption. To setup your WPS security, please proceed to the
section ‘HOME – WIRELESS’ of this chapter.
Note: All security options of the Setup Wizard are explained, but it is advised to secure your
network with “WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK” security if your Clients do not support WPS. This is the
highest WPA2 security level, with backwards compatibility to WPA only clients.
Note: Remember or write down the entered wireless security information. You will need it when
you want to configure a Wireless Client to connect to the C300BRS4A!
K. Select a security level for your
Wireless Network.
When a security level is chosen, the
Wizard will show fields for the
required information.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Security – WEP Encryption
L. If you want to secure your network
with WEP encryption, select “WEP”
from the drop-down list. Enter the
WEP key in ASCII format (input: A-Z,
0-9).
Note:
Through the Wizard you can only
configure WEP 64Bits.
Security – WPA / WPA2 Encryption
M. If you want so secure your network
with WPA or WPA2 (with Radius
Server), select “WPA” or “WPA2”
from the drop-down list.
Enter the IP Address of the Radius
Server, the Shared Key and confirm
the Shared Key in the second field.
Security – WPA-PSK / WPA2-PSK
N. If you want to secure your network
with WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK, select
“WPA-PSK”, “WPA2-PSK” or “WPA-
PSK/WPA2-PSK” from the drop-down
list.
Enter the Passphrase for your
encryption
and
confirm
the
Passphrase in the second field.
O. When all Wireless settings are made, click “Next” to continue.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
P. The Setup Wizard is now complete. If
you want to apply your settings, click
“Save & Take Effect”.
If you want to change any setting,
click “Back” to return to the previous
screen.
If you want to close the Setup Wizard
without any changes, click “Exit”.
When you select “Save & Take Effect”, the router will apply the configured settings. Please wait
for the message “Save Complete”.
Q. The configuration is now complete. Click “Close” to exit the Setup Wizard.
You will return to the “Device Settings” overview which will show you the configured settings for
your WAN and Wireless connection.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
HOME - WIRELESS
To configure the Router’s basic configuration settings without running the Setup Wizard, you can
access the windows used to configure Wireless, WAN, LAN, and DHCP settings directly from the
Setup directory. To access the Wireless Settings window, click on the Wireless link button on the
left side of the first window that appears when you successfully access the web manager.
Wireless Settings window
Click the Set Wireless Radio radio-button to allow the router to operate in the wireless
environment.
The SSID identifies members of the Service Set. Accept the default name or change it to something
else. If the default SSID is changed, all other devices on the wireless network must use the same
SSID.
Enable SSID Broadcast if you want users to be able to join your wireless network based on the SSID
information broadcast by the Router. If this is disabled, each new user will have to be manually
configured.
What channels are available for use by the access point depends on the local regulatory
environment. Remember that all devices communicating with the device must use the same channel
(and use the same SSID). Use the drop-down menu to select the Channel used for your 802.11n
wireless LAN. Click Apply.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
WEP Encryption
WEP (Wireless Encryption Protocol) encryption can be enabled for security and privacy. WEP
encrypts the data portion of each frame transmitted from the wireless adapter using one of the
predefined keys. The router offers 64- or 128-bit encryption with four keys available.
To bring up the Wireless Settings window for WEP, select WEP from the Set Wireless Security
Mode radio-buttons.
Wireless Settings window for WEP
1. Select an Authentication type, Open System or Shared Key.
2. Select the desired level of WEP Encryption, 64Bit or 128Bit.
3. Select the desired key input format, HEX (hexadecimal) or ASCII.
4. Select a key by clicking a radio button on the left and then enter the proper-length key.
5. Click Apply.
Note:
If encryption of any kind, at any level is applied to the Wireless network, all devices on
the network must comply with all security measures.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
WPA Encryption
WiFi Protected Access was designed to provide improved data encryption, perceived as weak in
WEP, and to provide user authentication, largely nonexistent in WEP. There are two versions, WPA
and WPA2; both are supported by the Access Point. WPA includes the option of using a Pre-Shared
Key similar to WEP, or a RADIUS server can be used for verification. In addition, WPA2-Auto is
offered for user convenience.
WPA/WPA2 Encryption with Radius Server
Wireless Settings window for WPA and WPA2
1. Select the type of WPA encryption for your Radius Server, WPA or WPA2.
2. Select the desired Cipher Type, TKIP, AES, or TKIP/AES.
3. Enter the RADIUS Server IP Address and the RADIUS Port for your Radius Server.
4. Enter the Shared Key (between 1 and 63 characters) which is needed for the Radius server.
5. Re-enter the Shared Key in the second field.
6. Click Apply.
Note:
The values needed for RADIUS authentication can be obtained from your Internet Service
Provider (ISP).
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
WPA/WPA2-PSK With Passphrase Encryption
Wireless Settings window for WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK and WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK
1. Select the type of WPA encryption for use with your Passphrase, WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK or
WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK.
Note:
If you select WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK, the router will work with the highest WPA2-PSK
encryption. If clients try to connect which do not support WPA2-PSK, the router will
automatically authorize the client on WPA-PSK Level.
2. Select the desired Cipher Type, TKIP or AES.
3. Select the Key Type, ASCII or HEX (Hexadecimal).
4. Enter the Passphrase you want to use for your WPA-PSK encryption (8 ~ 63 characters ASCII,
or 64 characters HEX).
5. Re-enter the Passphrase in the second field.
6. Click Apply.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
WPS Security
The Conceptronic C300BRS4A supports WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup). WPS is a standard for easy and
secure establishment of a wireless network. With WPS you can setup and protect your wireless
network in just a few easy steps.
Note: To use WPS with the C300BRS4A, you need to have Wireless Clients which supports WPS. If
you have 1 or more Wireless Clients without WPS support, it is advised to secure your
network manually using the Setup Wizard.
Note: For more (technical) information about WPS, you can visit the following website:
The C300BRS4A supports 2 ways to activate and establish a WPS connection:
-
-
Push Button technology
Pin Code technology
WPS – Push Button technology
The WPS Push Button technology requires a (virtual) button on your Wireless Client to establish a
connection between the C300BRS4A and your Wireless Client.
Some Wireless Clients work with a real button to activate the WPS Push Button technology; some
Wireless Clients use a software-based virtual button.
Follow the steps below to activate and establish a WPS connection with the Push Button technology:
A. Press the WPS Button at the front of the C300BRS4A until the WPS LED blinks.
B. Press the WPS Button at your Wireless Client. This can be a hardware button or a virtual
button in the software of your Wireless Client.
The C300BRS4A will activate WPA security over your wireless network and accepts the wireless
connection of your Wireless Client.
Note: The C300BRS4A will keep the WPS authentication active for 120 seconds. During this process,
the WPS LED will blink. If there is no connection in these 120 seconds, the LED will turn off
and the WPS authentication process is stopped.
If the WPS feature is not used earlier, the wireless network will still be unencrypted.
If the authentication of the Wireless Client is succeeded, the WPS LED will burn steady blue for 5
minutes. After these 5 minutes, the LED will turn off.
Your Wireless Client is now connected to the C300BRS4A and your network is secured with WPA
Encryption.
You can add more Wireless WPS Clients without loosing the connection to previous Wireless WPS
Clients.
If you want to add more Wireless WPS clients, repeat step A & B.
Note: The WPA Key generated by the C300BRS4A is random.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
WPS – Pin Code technology
At the bottom of the Wireless Configuration page, you can find the “Wi-Fi Protected Setup”
section.
A
A.
Click the “Add Wireless Device Wizard” button on the screen.
The WPS Wizard will be shown on your screen:
In this Wizard, you can activate the Pin Code feature. To start with the Pin Code authentication, you
need the Pin Code generated by your Wireless Client.
B.
Select the WPS Pin Code feature in the software of your Wireless Client. The Wireless Client
will generate a Pin Code and shows it on your screen.
G
Æ
[Wireless Client Software]
C300BRS4A WPS Wizard]
C.
Enter the Pin Code given by your Wireless Client in the WPS Wizard of the C300BRS4A and
press “Connect”.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
The C300BRS4A will activate WPA security on your wireless network and accepts the wireless
connection of your Wireless Client with the entered Pin Code.
The C300BRS4A will keep the WPS authentication active for 120 seconds. During this process, the
WPS LED will blink. If there is no connection in these 120 seconds, the LED will turn off and the WPS
authentication process is stopped.
Click “Continue” to return to the WPS Wizard screen.
Note: If the WPS feature is not used earlier, the wireless network will still be unencrypted.
If the authentication of the Wireless Client is succeeded, the Wizard will show “WPS - Adding
Wireless Device Success”. The WPS LED will burn steady blue for 5 minutes. After these 5 minutes,
the LED will turn off.
Click “Continue” to return to the Wireless Configuration page.
Your Wireless Client is now connected to the C300BRS4A and your network is secured with WPA
Encryption.
If you want to add more Wireless Clients with the WPS feature, repeat step A t/m C.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
HOME - WAN
To access this window click on the WAN button in the left menu of the web manager.
You can configure the C300BRS4A as Router, or as Switch/Accesspoint.
•
When you select the “Router” option, you can configure a connection for your provider which is
described further in this manual.
•
When you select the “Bridge” function, the C300BRS4A will disable all router functions and will
work as a 5 ports switch with accesspoint. This can be useful if you want to use the C300BSRS4
just as a switch and accesspoint, instead of all the router functions.
WAN – Bridge or Router Mode
Note:
If you select the “Bridge” option, the DHCP Server also will be disabled. You cannot
access the configuration pages of the C300BRS4A anymore on 192.168.0.1, but you need
to check the DHCP Server in your network which IP Address is assigned to the C300BRS4A.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Static IP Address
When the Router is configured to use Static IP Address assignment for the WAN connection, you
must manually assign a global IP Address, Subnet Mask and Gateway IP Address used for the WAN
connection. Follow the instruction below to configure the Router to use Static IP Address assignment
for the WAN connection.
To configure a Static IP Address connection, perform the steps listed below. Some of the settings do
not need to be changed the first time the device is set up, but can be changed later if you choose.
See the table below for a description of all the settings available in this window.
WAN Settings window for Static IP Address
To configure a Static IP type connection for the WAN, follow these steps:
1. Click the Static IP radio button at the top of the window.
2. Enter an IP Address, Subnet Mask, ISP Gateway Address, Primary DNS Address, and (if
available) Secondary DNS Address as instructed by your ISP. These are the global IP settings
for the WAN interface. This is the “visible” IP address of your account. Your ISP should have
provided these IP settings to you.
3. Some ISPs record the unique MAC address of your computer’s Ethernet adapter when you first
access their network. This can prevent the Router (which has a different MAC address) from
being allowed access to the ISPs network (and the Internet). To clone the MAC address of your
computer’s Ethernet adapter, press the “Clone MAC Address” button or enter the MAC
Address manually.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
4. Leave the MTU value at the default setting (default = 1500) unless you have specific reasons
to change this (see table below).
5. When you are satisfied that all the WAN settings are configured correctly, click on the Apply
button.
6. The new settings must be saved and the Router must be restarted for the settings to go into
effect. To save and reboot the Router, click on the Tools button in the top menu and select
the System button in the left menu. In the System Management window, click the Save
button under Save Settings to Local Hard Drive and then click the Reboot button to reboot the
C300BRS4A.
7. The Router will save the new settings and restart. Upon restarting the Router will
automatically establish the WAN connection.
Additional settings for Static IP Address connections:
Static IP Parameters
IP Address
Description
This is the permanent global IP address for your account. This is the
address that is visible outside your private network. Get this from your
ISP.
Subnet Mask
This is the Subnet mask for the WAN interface. Get this from your ISP.
ISP Gateway Address
This is the IP address of your ISP’s Gateway router. It provides the
connection to the Router for IP routed traffic that is outside your ISP’s
network. That is, this will be the primary connection from the Router
to most of the Internet. Get this IP address from your ISP.
MAC Address
To use the Clone MAC Address feature, enter a MAC address in this
field and then click the Clone MAC Address button.
Primary DNS Address
This is the IP address of the first choice for Domain Name Service
(DNS) used to match the named URL web address used by most
browsers with the actual global IP address used for a web server.
Usually this will be a server owned by the ISP. Get this IP address from
your ISP.
Secondary DNS Address
MTU
This is the second choice for a DNS server. Get this IP address from
your ISP.
The Maximum Transmission Unit size may be changed if you want to
optimize efficiency for uploading data through the WAN interface. The
default setting (1500 bytes) should be suitable for most users. Some
user may want to adjust the setting to optimize performance for
wireless traffic or when low latency is desired (such as with Internet
gaming). It is highly recommended that the user research how
adjusting the MTU may affect network traffic for better or worse.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Dynamic IP Address
A Dynamic IP Address connection configures the Router to automatically obtain its global IP address
from a DHCP server on the ISP’s network. The service provider assigns a global IP address from a
pool of addresses available to the service provider. Typically the IP address assigned has a long
lease time, so it will likely be the same address each time the Router requests an IP address.
To configure a Dynamic IP Address connection, perform the steps listed below. Some of the settings
do not need to be changed the first time the device is set up, but can be changed later if you
choose. See the table below for a description of all the settings available in this window.
WAN Settings window for Dynamic IP Address
To configure a Dynamic IP Address connection for the WAN, follow these steps:
1. Click the Dynamic IP radio button at the top of the window.
2. Some ISPs record the unique MAC address of your computer’s Ethernet adapter when you first
access their network. This can prevent the Router (which has a different MAC address) from
being allowed access to the ISPs network (and the Internet). To clone the MAC address of your
computer’s Ethernet adapter, press the “Clone MAC Address” button or enter the MAC
Address manually.
3. Fill in the Primary DNS Address. This information should be available from your ISP.
4. Fill in the Secondary DNS Address (if available from your ISP).
5. Leave the MTU value at the default setting (default = 1500) unless you have specific reasons
to change this (see table below).
6. When you are satisfied that all the WAN settings are configured correctly, click on the Apply
button.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
7. The new settings must be saved and the Router must be restarted for the settings to go into
effect. To save and reboot the Router, click on the Tools button in the top menu and select
the System button in the left menu. In the System Management window, click the Save
button under Save Settings to Local Hard Drive and then click the Reboot button to reboot the
C300BRS4A.
8. The Router will save the new settings and restart. Upon restarting, the Router will
automatically establish the WAN connection.
Additional settings for Dynamic IP Address connections:
Dynamic IP Parameters
Host Name
Description
This is not always necessary, but may be required for some ISPs. Type
in the MAC address of your computer’s Ethernet adapter in the MAC
Address field and click the Clone MAC Address button. This will copy
the information to a file used by the Router to present to the ISP’s
server used for DHCP. Some ISPs record the unique MAC address of
your computer’s Ethernet adapter when you first access their network.
If you want to later replace the cloned MAC address with the factory
default setting, type in all zeros – 0:0:0:0:0:0 – and click the Clone
MAC Address button.
MAC Address
This is not always necessary, but may be required for some ISPs. Type
in the MAC address of your computer’s Ethernet adapter in the Cloned
MAC Address field and click the Clone MAC Address button. This will
copy the information to a file used by the Router to present to the
ISP’s server used for DHCP. Some ISPs record the unique MAC address
of your computer’s Ethernet adapter when you first access their
network. If you want to later replace the cloned MAC address with the
factory default setting, type in all zeros – 0:0:0:0:0:0 – and click the
Clone MAC Address button.
Clone MAC Address
Primary DNS Address
To clone the MAC address of your computer’s Ethernet adapter, type
in the MAC address in the MAC Address field and then click this Clone
MAC Address button.
Enter the Primary DNS Address. This information should be provided to
you by your Internet Service Provider.
Secondary DNS Address
MTU
The Secondary DNS Address is optional. See your Internet Service
Provider for further information.
The Maximum Transmission Unit size may be changed if you want to
optimize efficiency for uploading data through the WAN interface. The
default setting (1500 bytes) should be suitable for most users. Some
user may want to adjust the setting to optimize performance for
wireless traffic or when low latency is desired (such as with Internet
gaming). It is highly recommended that the user research how
adjusting the MTU may affect network traffic for better or worse.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
PPPoE
Follow the instructions below to configure the Router to use a PPPoE for the Internet connection.
Make sure you have all the necessary information before you configure the WAN connection.
WAN Settings window for PPPoE
To set up a PPPoE connection:
1. If not already selected, click the PPPoE radio button at the top of the window.
2. Under the PPPoE Settings heading, type the User Name and Password used for your ADSL
account. A typical User Name will be in the form [email protected]. The Password may be
assigned to you by your ISP or you may have selected it when you set up the account with your
ISP.
3. Leave the MTU value at the default setting (default = 1492) unless you have specific reasons
to change this (see table below).
4. Typically the globally IP settings (i.e. IP address for the WAN interface) for a PPPoE
connection will use Dynamic IP assignment from the ISP. Some accounts may be assigned a
specific global IP address.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
5. Choose the desired Connect mode select setting. Select from: Always on, Manual, or Connect
on demand. Most users will want to choose the default connection setting, Always on.
6. When you are satisfied that all the WAN settings are configured correctly, click on the Apply
button.
7. The new settings must be saved and the Router must be restarted for the settings to go into
effect. To save and reboot the Router, click on the Tools directory tab and then click the
System button. In the System Settings window, click the Save button under Save Settings to
Local Hard Drive and then click the Reboot button under Reboot the CONCEPTRONIC
C300BRS4A.
8. The Router will save the new settings and restart. Upon restarting the Router will
automatically establish the WAN connection.
Additional settings for PPPoE/PPPoA connections:
PPPoE/PPPoA Parameters
User Name
Description
For PPP connections, a User Name and Password are used to identify
and verify your account to the ISP. Enter the User Name for your ADSL
service account. User names and passwords are case-sensitive, so
enter this information exactly as given to you by your ISP.
Password
MTU
Together with the User Name, this is used to verify your account to
the ISP. Enter the Password exactly as given to you by your ISP.
The Maximum Transmission Unit size may be changed if you want to
optimize efficiency for uploading data through the WAN interface. The
default setting (1492 bytes) should be suitable for most users. Some
user may want to adjust the setting to optimize performance for
wireless traffic or when low latency is desired (such as with Internet
gaming). It is highly recommended that the user research how
adjusting the MTU may affect network traffic for better or worse.
IP Address
If you have selected the Static PPPoE option, type in the global IP
address used for your WAN interface. Your ISP should provide this IP
address to you.
MAC Address
To use the Clone MAC Address feature, enter a MAC address in this
field and then click the Clone MAC Address button.
Primary DNS
Enter the Primary DNS Address. This information should be provided to
you by your Internet Service Provider.
Maximum Idle Time
A value of 0 means that the PPP connection will remain connected. If
your network account is billed according to the amount of time the
Router is actually connected to the Internet, enter an appropriate Idle
Time value (in minutes). This will disconnect the Router after the
WAN connection has been idle for the amount of time specified.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
MTU
The Maximum Transmission Unit size may be changed if you want to
optimize efficiency for uploading data through the WAN interface.
The default setting (1500 bytes) should be suitable for most users.
Some user may want to adjust the setting to optimize performance for
wireless traffic or when low latency is desired (such as with Internet
gaming). It is highly recommended that the user research how
adjusting the MTU may affect network traffic for better or worse.
Connect mode select
Select the desired option: Always on, Manual, or Connect on demand.
Most users will want to choose the default connection setting, Always
on.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
PPTP
The Point to Point Tunneling Protocol is used to transfer information securely between VPNs
(Virtual Private Routers). Encryption methods are employed in the transfer of information between
you and your ISP using a key encryption. This option is specific for European users whose ISPs
support the PPTP protocol for the uplink connection. To connect to your ISP’s server using this
protocol, the information in this window must be provided to you by your ISP and then properly
implemented.
WAN Settings window for Others (PPTP)
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
PPTP Parameters
IP Address
Description
Enter the IP address for your Router based on the information
provided to you by your ISP.
Subnet Mask
Enter the Subnet Mask for your Router based on the information
provided to you by your ISP.
ISP Gateway Address
Enter the Gateway IP address based on the information provided to
you by your ISP.
DNS
Enter the Domain Name Server IP address.
Server IP
Enter the IP address of the ISP server with which your router will be
conveying encrypted information. This field is based on information
provided to you by your ISP.
Username
Enter the name of the PPTP account as provided to you by your ISP.
Enter the PPTP password as provided to you by your ISP.
Retype the password entered in the Password field.
Password
Retype Password
Maximum Idle Time
A value of 0 means that the PPP connection will remain connected. If
your network account is billed according to the amount of time the
Router is actually connected to the Internet, enter an appropriate Idle
Time value (in minutes). This will disconnect the Router after the
WAN connection has been idle for the amount of time specified.
MTU
The Maximum Transmission Unit size may be changed if you want to
optimize efficiency for uploading data through the WAN interface.
The default setting (1400 bytes) should be suitable for most users.
Some user may want to adjust the setting to optimize performance for
wireless traffic or when low latency is desired (such as with Internet
gaming). It is highly recommended that the user research how
adjusting the MTU may affect network traffic for better or worse.
Connect mode select
Select the desired option: Always on, Manual, or Connect on demand.
Most users will want to choose the default connection setting, Always
on.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
L2TP
Some ISPs may require the user to uplink using the Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling (L2TP) method. L2TP
is a VPN protocol that will ensure a direct connection to the server using an authentication process
that guarantees the data originated from the claimed sender and was not damaged or altered in
transit. Once connected to the VPN tunnel, it seems to the user that the client computer is directly
connected to the internal network. To set up your L2TP connection, enter the following data that
was provided to you by your ISP.
WAN Settings window for Others (L2TP)
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
L2TP Parameters
IP Address
Description
The IP address that will be assigned to your router for this connection,
as stated by your ISP.
Subnet Mask
The IP address of the corresponding Subnet Mask, as stated to you by
your ISP.
ISP Gateway Address
DNS
The IP address of the gateway device, as stated to you by your ISP.
Enter the Domain Name Server IP address.
Server IP
The IP address of your ISP’s server computer, as stated to you by your
ISP.
User Name
The account name of the L2PT account that has been assigned to you
by your ISP.
Password
The password of the L2PT account that was supplied to you by your
ISP.
Retype Password
Maximum Idle Time
Retype the password that was entered in the L2PT field. Ensure that
these two passwords are identical or an error will occur.
A value of 0 means that the PPP connection will remain connected. If
your network account is billed according to the amount of time the
Router is actually connected to the Internet, enter an appropriate Idle
Time value (in minutes). This will disconnect the Router after the
WAN connection has been idle for the amount of time specified.
MTU
The Maximum Transmission Unit size may be changed if you want to
optimize efficiency for uploading data through the WAN interface. The
default setting (1400 bytes) should be suitable for most users. Some
user may want to adjust the setting to optimize performance for
wireless traffic or when low latency is desired (such as with Internet
gaming). It is highly recommended that the user research how
adjusting the MTU may affect network traffic for better or worse.
Connect mode select
Select the desired option: Always on, Manual, or Connect on demand.
Most users will want to choose the default connection setting, Always
on.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
HOME - LAN
You can configure the LAN IP address to suit your preference. Many users will find it convenient to
use the default settings together with DHCP service to manage the IP settings for their private
network. The IP address of the Router is the base address used for DHCP. In order to use the Router
for DHCP on your LAN, the IP address pool used for DHCP must be compatible with the IP address of
the Router. The IP addresses available in the DHCP IP address pool will change automatically if you
change the IP address of the Router. See the next section for information on DHCP setup.
LAN Settings window
To change the LAN IP Address or Subnet Mask, type in the desired values and click the Apply
button. Your web browser should automatically be redirected to the new IP address. You will asked
to login again to the Router’s web manager.
In addition, the Router can be configured to relay DNS from your ISP or another available service to
workstations on your LAN. When DNS Relay is Enabled, the Router will accept DNS requests from
hosts on the LAN and forward them to the ISP (or alternative) DNS servers. Alternatively, you may
also disable the DNS relay and configure hosts on your LAN to use DNS servers directly. Most users,
who are using the Router for DHCP service on the LAN and are using DNS servers on the ISP’s
network, will leave DNS relay enabled.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
HOME - DHCP
The DHCP server is enabled by default for the Router’s Ethernet LAN interface. DHCP service will
supply IP settings to workstations configured to automatically obtain IP settings that are connected
to the Router though the Ethernet port. When the Router is used for DHCP it becomes the default
gateway for DHCP client connected to it. Keep in mind that if you change the IP address of the
Router the range of IP addresses in the pool used for DHCP on the LAN will also be changed. The IP
address pool can be up to 253 IP addresses.
DHCP window
To display this window, click the DHCP button in left menu. Any active DHCP Clients appear at the
top of the window in the DHCP Clients List. The IP address and MAC address for active DHCP clients
are displayed in the list.
The two options for DHCP service are as follows:
-
-
You may use the Router as a DHCP server for your LAN.
You can disable DHCP service and manually configure IP settings for workstations.
Follow the instructions below according to which of the above DHCP options you want to use. When
you have configured the DHCP Settings as you want them, click the Apply button to commit the new
settings.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Use the Router for DHCP
To use the built-in DHCP server, click to select the DHCP Server option if it is not already selected.
The IP Address Pool settings can be adjusted. The Starting IP Address is the lowest available IP
address. If you change the IP address of the Router this will change automatically to be 1 more that
the IP address of the Router.
The Ending IP Address is the highest IP address number in the pool. Select the desired Lease Time
from the drop-down menu. This is the amount of time that a workstation is allowed to reserve an IP
address in the pool if the workstation is disconnected from the network or powered off.
Disable the DHCP Server
To disable DHCP, click the Disabled DHCP Server radio button and then click the Apply button.
Choosing this option requires that workstations on the local network must be configured manually or
use another DHCP server to obtain IP settings.
If you configure IP settings manually, make sure to use IP addresses in the subnet of the Router. You
will need to use the Router’s IP address as the Default Gateway for the workstation in order to
provide Internet access.
Create Static DHCP Server rules
You can also create static DHCP Server rules to assign the same IP address every time to the same
network client. To create a static DHCP Server rule, enter the MAC Address of the network client in
the MAC Address field, or select it from the DHCP Client list if it is connected and press the Clone
button.
Enter the IP Address you want to use for the network client. Enter the Hostname for the network
client and set the Static DHCP to Enabled. Click Apply to save the static DHCP rule.
Note: If you want to use the Wake-on-LAN feature of the router, make sure you have defined the
network clients you want to wake in the Static DHCP Server rules.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Menu - Advanced
The Advanced folder contains main windows for Virtual Server, Special Applications, Firewall Rules,
DMZ, IP Filters, MAC Filters, URL Blocking, Domain Blocking, Wireless Performance, and Dynamic
DNS.
ADVANCED – VIRTUAL SERVER
Use this window to set up forwarding rules applied to inbound (WAN-to-LAN) traffic. The Virtual
Server function allows remote users to access services on your LAN such as FTP for file transfers or
SMTP and POP3 for e-mail. The Wireless Broadband Router will accept remote requests for these
services at your Global IP Address, using the specified TCP or UDP protocol and port number, and
then redirect these requests to the server on your LAN with the LAN IP address you specify.
Remember that the specified Private IP Address must be within the useable range of the subnet
occupied by the Router.
UDP/TCP port redirection is used to direct inbound traffic to the specified servers or workstations
on your private network. Port redirection can also be used to direct potentially hazardous packets
to a proxy server outside your firewall. For example, you can configure the Router to direct HTTP
packets to a designated HTTP server in the DMZ. You can define a set of instructions for a specific
incoming port or for a range of incoming ports. Each set of instructions or rule is indexed and can be
modified or deleted later as needed.
Below you will find a list of some common used ports and their corresponding application:
Port
Application
Port
Application
HTTP (Web Server)
20
21
22
23
25
FTP Data (FTP Server)
FTP (FTP Server)
80
110
POP3 (Mail Server – Incoming)
SSH (Secure Shell)
Telnet
2000
5800
5900
Remotely Anywhere
VNC
VNC
SMTP (Mail Server – Outgoing)
Note: When you are using an application which supports UPnP Port Mapping, the router can be
automatically configured by the application when needed. In that case, you don’t need to
setup your port mappings manually.
Note: When using Virtual Server rules, it is advised to configure the computer(s) with a Fixed IP
Address instead of a Dynamic IP Address.
Note: In the next picture you will see an example of a Virtual Server configuration.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Virtual Server window
1. Set the Virtual Server rule to “Enabled”.
2. Enter a name for your Virtual Server Rule in the “Name” field.
3. Enter the IP Address of your computer/server which needs the Virtual Server rule.
4. Select the Protocol for your Virtual Server rule: “TCP”, “UDP” or “Both”.
Note: If you do not know which protocol you need for your Virtual Server Rule, select “Both”. This
option will pass both TCP and UDP traffic to the configured IP Address of your
computer/server.
5. Enter the desired Port of your computer/server which needs the Virtual Server rule.
6. Enter the port which must be visible on the outside of your internet connection.
7. Click “Apply” to apply the created Virtual Server rule.
When the Virtual Server rule is saved, it will be shown in the “Virtual Server List”.
To create more Virtual Server rules, repeat step 1 - 7.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
ADVANCED - APPLICATIONS
Use this window to run special applications that require multiple connections. To use the Special
Applications feature, enter the requested information for your application and click the Apply
button.
Special Application window
To configure a new application triggered port forwarding rule, follow these steps:
1. Click on the Enabled option for Special Application.
2. Type a Name for the rule being created.
3. Type the Trigger Port or port range used for the rule.
4. Select the Trigger Type used for the rule, TCP, UDP or Both.
5. Type the Public Port number normally used for the application.
6. Select the Public Type used for the rule, TCP, UDP or Both.
7. Choose an available Schedule for the rule to be applied. Schedules can be created using the
Schedule menu in the Tools directory.
8. Click the Apply button to put the rule into effect. The newly created forwarding rule appears
listed in the Special Applications List.
To modify an existing rule, click on the notepad icon in the last column of the Special Applications
List. To remove a rule, click the X to delete it.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
ADVANCED - FIREWALL
This window allows the user to allow or deny traffic from passing through the Wireless Broadband
Router. Once you have completed your Firewall settings, click Apply to save your changes.
Firewall Rules window
Configure the filter rules as desired and click the Apply button to create the rule. The newly
created rule appears listed in the Firewall Rule List.
To configure a new application triggered port forwarding rule, follow these steps:
1. Click on the Enabled option for Firewall Rules.
2. Type a Name for the rule being created.
3. Choose the Action to be applied, Allow or Deny (block) the traffic to pass through.
4. For the Source interface of the traffic, choose LAN, WAN or Any and type an IP address range
to which to action specified in the rule.
5. For the Destination interface of the traffic, choose LAN, WAN or Any and type an IP address
range to which to action specified in the rule. There is an option to specify the protocol, Any,
TCP, UDP or ICMP. For TCP and UDP traffic, a port or port range must be specified.
6. Choose an available Schedule for the rule to be applied. Schedules can be created using the
Schedule menu in the Tools directory.
7. Click the Apply button to put the rule into effect. The newly created forwarding rule appears
listed in the Firewall Rules List.
To modify an existing rule, click on the notepad icon in the last column of the Firewall Rules List.
To remove a rule, click the X to delete it.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
ADVANCED - DMZ
Since some applications are not compatible with NAT, the Router supports use of a DMZ IP address
for a single host on the LAN. This IP address is not protected by NAT and will therefore be visible to
agents on the Internet with the right type of software. Keep in mind that any client PC in the DMZ
will be exposed to various types of security risks. If you use the DMZ, take measures (such as client-
based virus protection) to protect the remaining client PCs on your LAN from possible contamination
through the DMZ.
DMZ window
To designate a DMZ IP address, select the Enabled radio button, type in the IP Address of the server
or device on your LAN, and click the Apply button. To remove DMZ status from the designated IP
address, select the Disabled radio button and click Apply. It will be necessary to save the settings
and reboot the Router before the DMZ is activated.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
ADVANCED – IP FILTERS
This window allows the user to allow or deny LAN IP addresses access to the Internet. Rules are
based on IP address and TCP/UDP port. Configure the filter rules as desired and click the Apply
button to create the rule. The newly created rule appears listed in the IP Filters List at the top of
the window.
IP Filters window
Configure the filter rules as desired and click the Apply button to create the rule. The newly
created rule appears listed in the IP Filters List.
To configure a new IP Filter rule, follow these steps:
1. Click on the Enabled option for IP Filters.
2. Type a Name for the rule being created.
3. Type the IP Range of address to which the rule applies.
4. (Optional) Select the Protocol used for the rule, TCP, UDP or Both, and type the Port or port
range to which the rule is applied.
5. Choose an available Schedule for the rule to be applied. Schedules can be created using the
Schedule menu in the Tools directory.
6. Click the Apply button to put the rule into effect. The newly created IP filter rule appears
listed in the IP Filters List.
To modify an existing rule, click on the notepad icon in the last column of the Firewall Rules List.
To remove a rule, click the X to delete it.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
ADVANCED – MAC FILTERS
MAC filters are used to block or allow various types of packets through the WAN interface. This may
be done for security or to improve network efficiency. The rules are configured for individual
devices based on MAC address. Filter rules can be set up for source, destination or both. You can set
up filter rules and disable the entire set of rules without loosing the rules that have been
configured. Configure the MAC filter rules as desired and click the Apply button to create the rule.
MAC Filters window
Configure the MAC filter rules as desired and click the Apply button to create the rule. The newly
created rule appears listed in the MAC Filters List.
To configure a new IP Filter rule, follow these steps:
1. Click on the option for Set MAC Filters to allow or deny access to the MAC filters on the list.
2. Type a Name for the rule being created.
3. Type the MAC Address to which the rule applies or select an active client from the DHCP
Client pull-down menu and click on the Clone button to select that client, the MAC address
will appear.
4. Choose an available Schedule for the rule to be applied. Schedules can be created using the
Schedule menu in the Tools directory.
5. Click the Apply button to put the rule into effect. The newly created MAC filter rule appears
listed in the MAC Filters List.
To modify an existing rule, click on the notepad icon in the last column of the MAC Rules List. To
remove a rule, click the X to delete it.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
ADVANCED – URL BLOCKING
URL blocks are used to block or allow access to specific websites. Enter the URLs in the URL
Keyword field and click the Apply button to add the Website to be blocked.
URL Blocking window
Configure the URL blocking rules as desired and click the Apply button to create the rule. The newly
created rule appears listed in the URL Blocking List.
To configure a new URL blocking rule, follow these steps:
1. Click on the option for Set URL Blocking Action to allow or deny access to the URL being
added to the list.
2. Type a Name for the rule being created.
3. Type the URL Keyword to which the filter is applied.
4. Choose an available Schedule for the rule to be applied. Schedules can be created using the
Schedule menu in the Tools directory.
5. Click the Apply button to put the rule into effect. The newly created URL blocking rule
appears listed in the URL Blocking List.
To modify an existing rule, click on the notepad icon in the last column of the URL Blocking List. To
remove a rule, click the X to delete it.
Note:
The URL keyword blocking is applied to all forms of the word whether or not it appears
separated in the URL. For example, blocking any URL with the word “sex” would block a
URL with “sex” as part of it, so websites with “essex” or “sextant” in the URL would be
blocked.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
ADVANCED – DOMAIN BLOCKING
Domain blocks are used to block or allow access to specific domains. Enter a domain in either the
Blocked Domains field or the Permitted Domains and click the Apply button to either add or
subtract the domain to be blocked.
Domain Blocking window
Configure the Domain blocking rules as desired and click the Apply button to create the rule. The
newly created rule appears listed in the Domain Blocking List.
To configure a new Domain blocking rule, follow these steps:
1. Click on the option for Set Domain Blocking Action to allow or deny access to the Domain
being added to the list.
2. Type a Name for the rule being created.
3. Type the Domain to which the filter is applied.
4. Choose an available Schedule for the rule to be applied. Schedules can be created using the
Schedule menu in the Tools directory.
5. Click the Apply button to put the rule into effect. The newly created domain blocking rule
appears listed in the Domain Blocking List.
To modify an existing rule, click on the notepad icon in the last column of the Domain Blocking List.
To remove a rule, click the X to delete it.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
ADVANCED - PERFORMANCE
This window allows the user to change wireless performance features pertaining to the Access Point
portion of the Wireless Broadband Router. Click Apply to save your changes.
Wireless Performance window
Beacon Interval
RTS Threshold
Fragmentation
DTIM Interval
CTS Mode
Beacons are packets sent by an access point to synchronize a network. Specify
the beacon value for the selected device(s) here. The default value of 100 is
recommended.
The RTS value should not be changed unless you encounter inconsistent data
flow. Only minor modifications to the value range between 256 and 2,346 are
recommended. The default value is 2346.
This sets the fragmentation threshold (specified in bytes) and determines
whether packets will be fragmented. Packets exceeding the byte setting will be
fragmented before transmission. The default is 2346 bytes.
Delivery Traffic Indication Message is a countdown informing clients of the next
window for listening to broadcast and multicast messages. The default value is
1.
The Clear To Send mode is designed to minimize collisions among wireless
devices. Most users will want to keep the default setting of Auto.
WMM Function
TX Rate
Enable or disable the Wireless MultiMedia function.
A pull-down menu for selecting the transmitting rate: Auto, 1, 2, 5.5, 6, 9, 11,
12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 54.
Transmit Power
A pull-down menu for selecting the transmit power of the device. You can
choose among: 100%, 50%, 25%, and 12.5%.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
ADVANCED - DDNS
The Router supports DDNS (Dynamic Domain Name Service). The Dynamic DNS service allows a
dynamic public IP address to be associated with a static host name in any of the many domains,
allowing access to a specified host from various locations on the Internet. This is enabled to allow
remote access to a host by clicking a hyperlinked URL in the form hostname.dyndns.org, Many ISPs
assign public IP addresses using DHCP, and this can make it difficult to locate a specific host on the
LAN using standard DNS. If for example you are running a public web server or VPN server on your
LAN, this ensures that the host can be located from the Internet if the public IP address changes.
DDNS requires that an account be set up with one of the supported DDNS providers.
Dynamic DNS window
Please note that DDNS requires that an account be setup with one of the supported DDNS servers
prior to engaging it on the Router. This function will not work without an accepted account with a
DDNS server. Enter the required DDNS information and click Apply to set this information in the
Router.
Option
Description
Server Address
Select one of the DDNS registration organizations form those listed in the pull-
down menu. Available servers include DynDns.org and No-IP.com
Host Name
Username
Password
Enter the host name of the DDNS server.
Enter the username given to you by your DDNS server.
Enter the password or key given to you by your DDNS server
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
Menu „Tools”
TOOLS - ADMIN
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
If you click on Tools menu and then Admin, the following page will open.
Administrator Settings window
Enter your new password in the New Password field and then type it again in the Confirm New
Password field. The default User Name is “admin.”
The Administration window is also used to enable remote management access to the Router. To
enable remote management of the Router, select the Enabled radio button and type the IP Address
of the remote network used for management. Click the Apply button to activate remote
management from the chosen IP address. Be sure to save the new setting.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
TOOLS - TIME
The Router provides a number of options to maintain current date and time including SNTP.
Time window
To configure system time on the Router, select the method used to maintain time. The options
available include SNTP, using your computer’s system clock (default) or set the time and date
manually. If you opt to use SNTP, you must enter the SNTP server URL or IP address. Click the Apply
button to set the system time.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
TOOLS - SCHEDULE
Schedule window
The Schedule configuration option is used to manage scheduled rules for various firewall and
parental control features.
Enter the information needed for your schedule setting and press Apply to add it to the Schedule
List.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
TOOLS - SYSTEM
Once you have configured the Router to your satisfaction, it is a good idea to back up the
configuration file to your computer. To save the current configuration settings to your computer,
click the System button in the Tools directory to display the System Settings window. Click the
Save button to Save Settings to Local Hard Drive. You will be prompted to select a location on your
computer to put the file.
To load a previously saved configuration file, click the Browse button and locate the file on your
computer. Click the Restore button to Load Settings from Local Hard Drive. Confirm that you want
to load the file when prompted and the process is completed automatically. The Router will reboot
and begin operating with the configuration settings that have just been loaded.
To reset the Router to its factory default settings, click the Reset button. You will be prompted to
confirm your decision to reset the Router. The Router will reboot with the factory default settings
including IP settings (192.168.0.1) and Administrator password (admin).
To simply restart the Router, click the Reboot button.
System Settings window
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
TOOLS - FIRMWARE
Use this window to load the latest firmware for the device. Note that the device configuration
settings may return to the factory default settings, so make sure you save the configuration settings
with the System Settings window described above.
Firmware Upgrade window
To upgrade firmware to the router, type in the name and path of the file, or click on the Browse
button to search for the file. Click the Apply button to begin copying the file. The file will load and
restart the Router automatically.
Performing a Firmware Upgrade can sometimes change the configuration settings. Be sure to back-
up the Router’s configuration settings before upgrading the firmware.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
TOOLS - MISC
To perform a standard Ping test for network connectivity as well as a number of miscellaneous
network tasks, click the Misc. button in the Tools menu to view the Miscellaneous Configuration
window.
Ping Test window
Ping Test
The Ping test functions on the WAN and LAN interfaces. Type the Host Name or IP Address you
want to check in the space provided and click the Ping button. Read the Ping test result in the
space immediately below
Block WAN Ping
The Block WAN Ping feature allows the user to block hackers who may be trying to test whether
your WAN IP address is valid.
SPI mode
Stateful Packet Inspection mode is an active firewall the user can enable to keep track of the state
of network connections.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
UPnP Settings
UPnP supports zero-configuration networking and automatic discovery for many types of networked
devices. When enabled, it allows other devices that support UPnP to dynamically join a network,
obtain an IP address, convey its capabilities, and learn about the presence and capabilities of other
devices. DHCP and DNS service can also be used if available on the network. UPnP also allows
supported devices to leave a network automatically without adverse effects to the device or other
devices on the network. UPnP is a protocol supported by diverse networking media including
Ethernet, Firewire, phone line, and power line networking.
VPN Pass-Through
This feature allows VPN connections to pass through the Router. It is enabled by default.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
TOOLS – WAKE ON LAN
To wake LAN Clients in your network, you can use the Wake On LAN page in the router
configuration. This page shows all active DHCP leases and the created Static DHCP entries.
Wake On LAN window
If there are clients present in the Wake Up list (like in the example above), you can awake them by
pressing the Wake Up button behind the client.
When you press this button, the router will send a Magic Packet to the client. If Wake On LAN is
supported and activated on the LAN Client, the system will turn on automatically after receiving
such package.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Menu “Status”
Use this window to quickly view basic current information about the LAN, WAN, and wireless
interfaces and device information including Firmware Version and MAC address.
STATUS - LOG
The system log displays chronological event log data. Use the navigation buttons to view or scroll
log pages.
View Log window
You may also save a log by sending it to an admin e-mail address.
Complete the information on this window and then click the Apply button.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
STATUS – WIRELESS CLIENTS
This window displays all the wireless clients currently connected to the AP portion of the Wireless
Broadband Router.
Connected Wireless Client List window
STATUS - STATISTICS
Use this window to monitor traffic on the WAN, LAN, and Wireless connections.
Traffic Statistics window
Click Refresh to view traffic information.
Click Reset to reset the traffic information.
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Technical Specifications
Standards
IEEE 802.11b
IEEE 802.11g
IEEE 802.11n Draft 2.0
IEEE 802.3
IEEE 802.3u
Device Management
Web-Based – Internet Explorer v6 or later; Netscape Navigator v6 or later; or other Java-
enabled browsers.
Data Rate
For 802.11n:
MCS - 0 ~ 15 at 20MHz & 40MHz mode.
64 data rates supported in C300BRS4A.
(Max data rate: 300Mbps)
For 802.11g:
108, 54, 48, 36, 24, 18, 12, 9 and 6Mbps
For 802.11b:
11, 5.5, 2, and1Mbps
Security
64- and 128-bit WEP
WPA – WiFi Protected Access (WPA-TKIP/PSK/AES)
802.1x (EAP-MD5/TLS/TTLS/PEAP)
MAC Address Access Control List
Wireless Frequency Range
2.412 GHz to 2.4672 GHz (2400 ~ 2483.5MHz ISM band)
Wireless Operating Range*
802.11n (Full Power with 3x 2dBi gain diversity dipole antenna)
Indoors
up to 100 meters (328 feet)
up to 400 meters (1312 feet)
Outdoors
Antenna Type
3x Dipole antenna with 2dBi gain
Operating Voltage
5VDC, 2A
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Conceptronic C300BRS4A
802.11n Wireless Broadband Router
Radio and Modulation Type
For 802.11n:
BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, OFDM
For 802.11g:
BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, OFDM
For 802.11b:
DQPSK, DBPSK, DSSS, and CCK
LEDs
Power
Status
WAN
WLAN
LAN
WPS
Temperature
Operating: 32ºF to 113ºF (0ºC to 45ºC)
Storing: -4ºF to 149ºF (-20ºC to
Humidity
Operating: 10%~95% (non-condensing)
Storing: 5%~95% (non-condensing)
Certifications
FCC Class B
CE Class B
C-Tick
UL
TUV
Dimensions
L = 199mm
W = 118mm
H = 35mm
Weight
313,5g
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LICENCE AGREEMENT
Licensing Information
This Conceptronic product C300BRS4A includes copyrighted third-party software licensed under the
terms of the GNU General Public License.
Please see The GNU General Public License for the exact terms and conditions of this license.
Specially, the following parts of this product are subject to the GNU GPL:
1. Linux kernel 2.4.25
2. buildroot
3. busybox-1.00
4. vconfig
5. iptable-1.2.9
6. mathopd
7. pppd-2.4.2
8. dnrd-2.10
9. klogd
10. syslogd
11. telnetd
12. wireless tools
13. bpalogin
14. hostapd-0.3.7
15. smtpclient
16. ntpclient
All listed software packages are copyright by their respective authors. Please see the source code
for detailed information.
Availability of source code
Conceptronic. has exposed the full source code of the GPL licensed software, including any scripts
to control compilation and installation of the object code. All future firmware updates will also be
accompanied with their respective source code. For more information on how you can obtain our
open source code, please visit our web site.
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LICENCE AGREEMENT
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
Preamble
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By
contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and
change free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This General Public
License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose
authors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU
Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too.
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General Public
Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software
(and charge for this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it,
that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you know you
can do these things.
To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or
to ask you to surrender the rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if
you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give
the recipients all the rights that you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get
the source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.
We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) offer you this license
which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the software.
Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that everyone understands
that there is no warranty for this free software. If the software is modified by someone else and
passed on, we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so that any
problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors' reputations.
Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We wish to avoid the
danger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect
making the program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must be
licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow.
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the
copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License. The
"Program", below, refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" means
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LICENCE AGREEMENT
either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the
Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in the term "modification".) Each
licensee is addressed as "you".
Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by this License; they
are outside its scope. The act of running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the
Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program (independent of
having been made by running the Program). Whether that is true depends on what the Program
does.
1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you receive it, in
any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an
appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to
this License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a
copy of this License along with the Program.
You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at your option offer
warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, thus forming a work
based on the Program, and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of
Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files
and the date of any change.
b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole or in part contains or is
derived from the Program or any part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
parties under the terms of this License.
c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, you must cause it,
when started running for such interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or
else, saying that you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under these
conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this License. (Exception: if the Program itself
is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on the Program is
not required to print an announcement.)
These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable sections of that work are
not derived from the Program, and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you distribute
them as separate works. But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a
work based on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License,
whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part
regardless of who wrote it.
Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written
entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
collective works based on the Program.
In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with the Program (or with
a work based on the Program) on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the
other work under the scope of this License.
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3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under Section 2) in object code
or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the
following:
a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which must be
distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software
interchange; or,
b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give any third party, for a
charge no more than your cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete machine-
readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and
2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding
source code. (This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer, in accord with
Subsection b above.)
The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it.
For an executable work, complete source code means all the source code for all modules it
contains, plus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation
and installation of the executable. However, as a special exception, the source code distributed
need not include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the
major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on which the executable
runs, unless that component itself accompanies the executable.
If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated
place, then offering equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source
along with the object code.
4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as expressly provided
under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have
received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so
long as such parties remain in full compliance.
5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it. However, nothing else
grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or distributing the
Program (or any work based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so,
and all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Program or works based
on it.
6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), the recipient
automatically receives a license from the original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program
subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further restrictions on the
recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance
by third parties to this License.
7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other
reason (not limited to patent issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order,
agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from
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the conditions of this License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your
obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may
not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent license would not permit royalty-free
redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you,
then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from
distribution of the Program.
If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance, the
balance of the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
circumstances. It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other
property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims; this section has the sole purpose of
protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system, which is implemented by public
license practices. Many people have made generous contributions to the wide range of software
distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that system; it is up to the
author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute software through any other system and a
licensee cannot impose that choice.
This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest
of this License.
8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents
or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder who places the Program under this
License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that
distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License
incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the General Public
License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but
may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies a version number of
this License which applies to it and "any later version", you have the option of following the terms
and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software
Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any
version ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution
conditions are different, write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is
copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status
of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
NO WARRANTY
11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE
PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN
WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS"
WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD
THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR
CORRECTION.
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12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY
COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM
AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL,
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE
PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE
OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH
ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the
best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change
under these terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of
each source file to most effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at
least the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs.
If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary
applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General Public
License instead of this License.
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