AeroComm Network Card CL4424 User Manual

CL4424  
Industrial 2.4GHz ConnexLink  
User’s Manual  
Version 1.1  
11160 THOMPSON AVENUE  
LENEXA, KS 66215  
(800) 492-2320  
sales@aerocomm.com  
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FCC Information  
FCC Notice  
WARNING: This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to  
the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful  
interference and (2) This device must accept any interference received,  
including interference that may cause undesired operation.  
RF Exposure/Installation Instructions  
WARNING: To satisfy FCC RF exposure requirements for mobile transmitting devices,  
this equipment must be professionally installed such that the end user is  
prevented from replacing the antenna with a non-approved antenna. The  
end user should also be prevented from being within 20cm of the antenna  
during normal use with the exception of hands, feet, wrists and ankles.  
The preceding statement must be included as a CAUTION statement in  
manuals for OEM products to alert users on FCC RF Exposure compliance.  
Caution: Any change or modification not expressly approved by  
AeroComm could void the users authority to operate the equipment.  
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Table of Contents  
USER’S MANUAL...........................................................................................1  
1. CL4424 RF TRANSCEIVER...................................................................................5  
1.1  
1.2  
1.3  
OVERVIEW ...........................................................................................................5  
CL4424 SPECIFICATION.......................................................................................6  
CL4424 INTERFACE .............................................................................................7  
2. INTERFACING PROTOCOL ..............................................................................10  
2.1  
2.2  
2.3  
RS-232...............................................................................................................11  
RS-485 (2-WIRE HALF DUPLEX)........................................................................13  
HARDWARE FLOW CONTROL .............................................................................14  
3. NETWORK TOPOLOGIES..................................................................................15  
3.1  
3.2  
POINT-TO-POINT ................................................................................................15  
POINT-TO-MULTIPOINT ......................................................................................15  
4. CL4424 CONFIGURATION UTILITY SOFTWARE........................................16  
4.1  
4.2  
INSTALLATION....................................................................................................16  
CL4424 SETTINGS .............................................................................................16  
ConnexLink Settings..................................................................................17  
Optional Settings.......................................................................................18  
PC Settings................................................................................................18  
Additional Features...................................................................................18  
PROGRAMMING THE CL4424 UNITS...................................................................19  
4.2.1  
4.2.2  
4.2.3  
4.2.4  
4.3  
5. TROUBLESHOOTING .........................................................................................20  
Figures  
Figure 1- RS-232/RS-485 CL4424 Front View..............................................................7  
Figure 2- RS-232 CL4424 Back View ............................................................................8  
Figure 3- RS-485 CL4424 Back View ............................................................................8  
Figure 4- CL4424 Mechanical Diagram.........................................................................9  
Figure 5- RS-232 Male/Female Connector Pin out ...................................................11  
Figure 6- DCE to DTE Interface ....................................................................................11  
Figure 7- DCE to DCE Interface ...................................................................................13  
Figure 8- Point-to-Point Network..................................................................................15  
Figure 9- Multiple Networks of Point-to-Multipoint CL4424s ...................................15  
Tables  
Table 1 – DTE, DCE and Null Modem Signal Definitions .........................................10  
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1. CL4424 RF Transceiver  
The CL4424 transceiver is a Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) radio designed for  
license-free operation in the 2.4GHz ISM band. Out-of-the box, the radio sustains a standard  
asynchronous serial data stream between two or more radios. Housed in a compact and rugged  
die-cast enclosure, the radio is equipped to replace thousands of meters of serial cable with its  
wireless link. The radio features an RS-232 or RS-485 interface for integration into legacy data  
systems.  
Features  
Durable Industrial grade enclosure  
Transparent operation, supports any legacy system  
Transmits around corners, through walls  
Reliable communication up to 115.2Kbps  
1.1  
Overview  
The CL4424 uses Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum modulation, where the units “hop” from  
frequency to frequency many times per second using a specific hop pattern applied to all the  
transceivers in the same network. A distinct hopping pattern is provided for each Channel  
Number, thereby allowing multiple networks to co-exist in the same area without interference.  
CL4424 transceivers operate in a Point-to-Point or Point-to-Multipoint, Client-Server or Peer-to-  
Peer architecture. One transceiver is configured as a Server and there can be one or many  
Clients. To establish synchronization between transceivers, the Server emits a beacon. Upon  
detecting a beacon, a Client transceiver informs its Host and a RF link is established.  
CL4424s implement a proprietary communication protocol to provide secure data transmissions.  
Using FHSS technology, the data remains reliable over long distances. The use of license free  
frequency bands ensures that the units are ready to use with no further certification  
requirements.  
Each unit is small and easily portable for use in mobile and temporary settings as well as for fixed  
installations. The CL4424 configuration software enables custom configurations based on unique  
application requirements.  
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1.2  
CL4424 Specification  
Specifications  
CL4424  
TRANSCEIVER PERFORMANCE  
Output power (w/ 3dBi antenna)  
Transmission range  
Data rate  
100mW  
Up to 500 feet (450m) indoors; Up to 1 mile (1.6 km) line-of-sight  
Up to 115.2 Kbps  
RF Data Rate  
576kbps fixed  
Receiver Sensitivity  
Power Consumption (@ 12 Vdc)  
Configuration software  
NETWORKING AND SECURITY  
Frequency band, RF Technology  
Supported Network Topologies  
Channels  
-100dBm typical @ 576kbps RF Data Rate  
102mA (50% Transmit/Receive duty cycle)  
Easy-to-use Windows based software  
2402 – 2478MHz, FHSS  
Point-to-Point, Point-to-Multipoint  
40 US/Canada/Europe, 20 France  
One byte System ID  
Security  
ANTENNA  
RF Connector  
RPSMA Jack  
Type  
1/2 Wave Dipole  
ELECTRICAL  
Electrical requirements  
Power supply  
Line voltage 100 – 120V (240V outside US);  
6-foot cable, AC power connector  
ENVIRONMENTAL  
Environmental conditions  
PHYSICAL  
Operating temperature -40° to + 80°C; 10% to 90% humidity (non-condensing)  
Dimensions  
4.4 x 2.7 x 1.4 inches  
Weight  
6 oz (170 g)  
Serial Connector  
Power Jack Dimensions  
Serial Cord length  
DB-9 Male (RS-232), Terminal Block (RS-485)  
0.100” diameter pin with 0.250” diameter opening. Center positive.  
6 feet (183 cm)  
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1.3  
CL4424 Interface  
CL4424 transceivers support RS-232/ RS-485 (2-wire Half Duplex) protocols. In a cabled  
environment, the RS-485 protocol can tolerate high noise and push signals over long cable  
lengths. RS-485 cabling can also communicate as far as 4000 feet (1200m) and offer multi-drop  
capability where up to 32 nodes can be connected. RS-232 cabling is suitable for distances less  
than 100 feet (30.5m) and only supports point-to-point communications. CL4424 transceivers  
offer performance improvements over a standard cabled link. Distance and multipoint  
communications are greatly enhanced. A selection of RS-232/RS-485 can be made when  
ordering the CL4424s.  
Figure 1- RS-232/RS-485 CL4424 Front View  
Status LEDs  
RPSMA Antenna Connector  
Pwr Link Rx Tx  
CL4424 Status LEDs  
Description  
LED  
Pwr  
Color  
Green  
On indicates that the unit is powered up.  
On indicates the Client unit(s) and Server unit are in range of one  
another. Link LED remains activated on Server units. Client units  
activate the Link LED when in range of the Server unit.  
Link  
Red  
Rx  
Tx  
Green  
Red  
When flashing, LED indicates CL4424 unit is receiving data.  
When and flashing, LED indicates CL4424 unit is sending data.  
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RS-232 Pin Assignments  
Figure 2- RS-232 CL4424 Back View  
DB9 Male Connector  
Power Connector  
Input /  
Pin Description Output  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
O
O
I
DCD  
TxD  
RxD  
DSR  
GND  
DTR  
CTS  
RTS  
RI  
1
6
5
9
O
I
O
I
O
RS-485 (2-wire Half Duplex) Terminal Block Pin Assignments  
Figure 3- RS-485 CL4424 Back View  
Terminal Block  
Power Connector  
Pin  
Description  
1
2
3
4
5
6
V
C
C (6 –18
V
)
(125 mA max)  
485- (485B)  
No Connect  
No Connect  
485+ (485A)  
GND  
1
6
Note: Standard power is applied through the power connector. Alternative power is available via  
the terminal block pins.  
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CL4424 Mechanical Diagram  
Figure 4- CL4424 Mechanical Diagram  
1.170  
0.536  
Antenna Connector  
SMA Jack, Reverse Polarity  
0.538  
0.060  
0.000  
Side View  
Label Recess, 3.5w x 2.0h  
0.150 dia. mounting holes  
(4) places  
2.750  
2.375  
2.000  
9 Pin Male D-Connector  
Status LEDs  
Power Jack w/ 0.100 dia. pin and  
0.250 opening, pin is PWR.  
0.375  
0.000  
Top View  
Note: All dimension in inches unless noted  
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2. Interfacing Protocol  
The CL4424 is a DCE (Data Communications Equipment). A DCE can be interfaced to a DTE  
using a straight through serial cable (the serial cable provided with the CL4424 is a straight  
through cable). Typically, PCs are defined as a DTE and peripherals are defined as DCE. To  
interface a DCE with another DCE, or a DTE with another DTE, a null modem (or a Crossover)  
cable is required. The null modem simply swaps pins to convert a DCE to a DTE and vice-versa.  
A null modem cable can be provided with the CL4424 on request.  
The CL4424 transceivers support the following interface protocols  
RS-232  
RS-485 (2-wire) Half Duplex  
Table 1 – DTE, DCE and Null Modem Signal Definitions  
DCE Pin DCE Signal DCE DTE Pin DTE Signal  
DTE  
Null Modem Null Modem  
Number  
Name  
DCD  
TXD  
RXD  
DTR  
GND  
DSR  
RTS  
CTS  
RI  
Direction Number  
Name  
DCD  
RXD  
TXD  
DTR  
GND  
DSR  
RTS  
CTS  
RI  
Direction Female DB9  
Male DB9  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
O
O
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
I
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
NC  
3
O
O
2
I
6
5
O
I
I
O
I
4
8
O
O
7
I
NC  
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2.1 RS-232  
RS-232 is a single ended data transmission protocol. The RS-232 signals are represented by  
voltage levels with respect to a system common (power / logic ground). The "idle" state (MARK)  
has the signal level negative with respect to common, and the "active" state (SPACE) has the  
signal level positive with respect to common. RS-232 has numerous handshaking lines (primarily  
used with modems), and also specifies a communications protocol.  
Figure 5- RS-232 Male/Female Connector Pin out  
RS-232 DB9 Female Connector  
RS-232 DB9 Male Connector  
Pin  
Description  
Pin  
Description  
NC  
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
NC  
DCD  
TxD  
RxD  
DSR  
GND  
DTR  
CTS  
RTS  
RI  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
DCD  
RxD  
TxD  
DTR  
GND  
DSR  
RTS  
CTS  
RI  
Figure 6- DCE to DTE Interface  
CL4424 Modem  
OEM Host/PC  
CTS  
CTS  
RTS  
RTS  
RXD  
TXD  
TXD  
RXD  
GND  
DCD  
GND  
DCD  
DSR  
DSR  
DTR  
DTR  
DCE  
DTE  
Straight Through Cable  
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Figure 7- DCE to DCE Interface  
CL4424 Modem  
OEM Host  
CTS  
RTS  
CTS  
RTS  
RXD  
TXD  
TXD  
RXD  
GND  
DCD  
GND  
DCD  
DSR  
NC  
NC  
NC  
NC  
DSR  
DTR  
RI  
DTR  
RI  
DCE  
DCE  
Crossover Cable  
Note: The Straight Through Cable provided with the CL4424 has female connectors on both  
ends and the Crossover cable has a male connector at one end and a female connector at the  
other end. Please use a male-to-male adapter or female-to-female adapter wherever required.  
Using a null modem adapter with a Crossover cable is equivalent to using a Straight Through  
cable.  
2.2  
RS-485 (2-wire Half Duplex)  
The RS-485 interface uses a Differential Data Transmission that can help nullify the effects of  
ground shifts and induced noise signals that can appear as common mode voltages on a  
network.  
The CL4424 implements a RS-485 (2-wire Half Duplex) multi-drop interface. Typically, a RS-485  
bus will consist of a master and several slaves. The nodes will have unique addresses and can  
send addressed packets to specific nodes. Because the bus is half duplex, no two nodes should  
try to talk at the same time. The CL4424 does not have a RS-485 address, therefore, it will  
transmit all RS-485 traffic over the RF. Conversely, as soon as a CL4424 receives a packet over  
the RF, it will transmit the packet over the RS-485 bus.  
Note: When using RS-485 (2-wire Half Duplex), a RS-485 to RS-232 converter is required to  
configure the unit. AeroComm recommends a B&B Electronics 4WSD9R converter to translate  
RS-485 to RS-232.  
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2.3  
Hardware Flow Control  
Often, the host device can send data to the CL4424 faster than it can be sent over the RF. The  
CL4424 has a 256 byte buffer to store data before sending it over the RF. If the host device is  
sending data faster than the CL4424 can send it out, eventually, the buffer will fill up. If the host  
device continues to send data while the CL4424 buffer is full, that data will be discarded. To  
avoid this situation, the CL4424 will de-assert CTS as a warning that the buffer is filling. The host  
device should stop sending data. When the CL4424 is able to free some buffer space, it will  
assert CTS and the host device can continue sending data. Similarly, if RTS is enabled in the  
CL4424, the host device can throttle the CL4424 by de-asserting RTS. Note: CTS is always  
enabled by default. RS-485 Interface does not support Hardware flow control and RTS mode  
should not be enabled on a RS-485 CL4424.  
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3. Network Topologies  
Topology refers to the shape of a network, or the network's layout. How different nodes in a  
network are connected to each other and how they communicate is determined by the network's  
topology. The CL4424s support a Point-to-Point and a Point-to-Multipoint network topology.  
3.1  
Point-to-Point  
A point-to-point system is a simple arrangement consisting of just two CL4424s - a Server and a  
Client. Sometimes referred to as a wireless bridge, a point-to-point link replaces a single  
communications cable. A point-to-point link might be used to connect a PLC to a remote  
monitoring station.  
Figure 8- Point-to-Point Network  
OEM HOST  
(Remote Monitoring  
Station)  
OEM HOST  
(PLC)  
Server  
Client  
3.2  
Point-to-Multipoint  
Point-to-Multipoint systems have one base station, or access point, that controls communications  
with all of the other wireless nodes in the network. This allows for the creation of a wireless  
network consisting of multiple nodes. By programming each CL4424 with a network specific  
Channel Number and System ID multiple networks can be created as shown below.  
Figure 9- Multiple Networks of Point-to-Multipoint CL4424s  
Example: Channel Number = 25  
System ID = 256  
Example: Channel Number = 23  
System ID = 123  
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4. CL4424 Configuration Utility Software  
AeroComm provides the easy to use CL4424 Utility Software for programming the CL4424. The  
software is compatible with Microsoft® Windows 95, 98, 2000, Me, NT and XP. CL4424s are  
plug-and-play devices that work with minimal or no configuration.  
Advanced users may refer to the AC4424 Users Manual for more details about the radios  
operation and additional configuration options. The SDK Software can be used to enable and  
demonstrate these options. The SDK Software and AC4424 Users manual can be found on the  
Connex Tools and Literature CD or on the website at http://www.aerocomm.com/.  
4.1  
Installation  
1. Locate the CL4424 Configuration Utility, 900 MHz link in the Software section of the Connex Tools  
& Literature CD. This software is also available at  
2. When prompted, select the directory where the program files will be installed.  
3. When finished, a window will be displayed indicating a successful installation. Click OK.  
4.2  
CL4424 Settings  
The CL4424 Settings Page is shown below, as it will appear the first time the  
program is run.  
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4.2.1 ConnexLink Settings  
Client/Server: Designates CL4424 type. In each network, there must be only one Server. All  
other CL4424 units must be programmed as Clients. The number of Clients in the network is not  
limited; however, if performance diminishes due to the number of CL4424s that need to access  
the network, consider additional RF Networks.  
Interface Baud Rate: This defines the baud rate used for communicating with the CL4424 over  
the serial interface. The RF baud rate is fixed at 576kbps and is independent of the Interface  
Baud Rate. The default baud rate setting is 115,200 bps unless the units have been pre-  
configured by AeroComm. The Interface Baud Rate setting of the CL4424 must match the Baud  
Rate setting of its host device.  
Random Back Off: In an asynchronous network where any node can talk at any time, the  
CL4424 can be programmed to use Random Back Off to mitigate the RF Link. If two nodes try to  
send packets at the same time, the packets will collide over the RF and will not be received by  
the destination node. If Random Back Off is enabled when this occurs, both radios will generate  
a random amount of time (in 8ms increments) to wait before retrying.  
Channel Number: The CL4424 is a frequency hopping transceiver. Each Channel Number  
designates a unique hopping sequence and constitutes an independent network of CL4424  
units. Up to 40 independent networks can be created (up to 20 in France). Multiple Servers  
operating in the same coverage area must be programmed with different Channel Numbers to  
prevent inoperability of the networks. The valid range of values for this field is 0 to 39.  
Table 1 – US and International RF Channel Number Settings  
Channel RF Channel Number Frequency Range  
Countries  
Set  
Range  
1
0 – 19  
2406 – 2435MHz US,Canada, Europe, France  
2
20 – 39  
2444 – 2472MHz  
US, Canada, Europe  
Max Transmit Retries (For all Clients and for Servers in Point-to-Point networks): This value  
represents the maximum number of times a particular data packet will be transmitted  
unsuccessfully, or without an acknowledgement, before the CL4424 discards the packet. The  
default value is 16 attempts. If communication is lost and the Clients Link LED is on, try  
increasing this value in small increments until communication is reestablished. The valid range  
of values for this field is 0 to 255.  
Broadcast Attempts (For Servers in Point-to-Multipoint networks): This value represents the  
number of times a data packet will be transmitted by the Point-to-Multipoint Server. The default  
value is 4 attempts. If communication is lost and the Clients’ Link LED is on, try increasing this  
value in small increments until communication is reestablished. The valid range of values for this  
field is 0 to 255.  
System Identification: A number from 0 to 256 that provides added security to each independent  
network of CL4424 units. The System ID serves as an RF password to maintain secure transfers  
of data. The System ID will not prevent inoperability that occurs from locating multiple Servers  
with the same Channel Number in the same coverage area.  
Important Note: Collocated CL4424 networks must operate on different Channel Numbers. All  
units in a given CL4424 network must have identical Channel Numbers and System IDs.  
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Destination Address: Programmed in the Point-to-Point Server, Destination Address is the MAC  
Address of the CL4424 Client. Used to optimize Point-to-Point communications by utilizing RF  
Acknowledgement.  
RF Delivery: Shows if the CL4424 is configured in Broadcast mode or Addressed mode. This is  
controlled by the System Config selection that was made when the CL4424 was configured.  
Firmware Version: Displays the CL4424s firmware version.  
MAC Address: A unique 6 Byte, IEEE 802.3 Ethernet address assigned by AeroComm to each  
CL4424.  
4.2.2 Optional Settings  
RTS Enable: Enables the Request To Send control line. When enabled, enables Hardware Flow  
Control. Refer to Section 2.3 Hardware Flow Control.  
Full Duplex: This mode restricts Client radios to transmitting on odd numbered frequency hop  
bins and the Server to even numbered frequency hop bins. Though the RF hardware is still  
technically half duplex, it makes the transceiver seem full duplex. This can cause overall  
throughputs to be cut in half. Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same  
setting for Full Duplex.  
4.2.3 PC Settings  
Port: On startup, the software will search the Windows Registry to locate all serial  
communications ports. It will designate each port it finds by displaying the full Windows identifier  
for the port. Select the port that is connected to the CL4424 unit.  
Baud Rate: Must be equal to the Interface Baud Rate setting of the CL4424 unit that is to be  
configured.  
System Config: Type of CL4424 network to be configured. Valid choices are Point-to-Point (one  
Server and one Client) or Point-to-Multipoint (one Server and multiple Clients).  
Attention: When setting up a Point-to-Point network the Servers Destination address must be  
programmed with the Clients MAC Address.  
4.2.4 Additional Features  
Show Defaults: When this button is clicked, the default values will be shown for all the  
ConnexLink Settings parameters.  
Save File: This will save all the ConnexLink Settings parameters to a file.  
Load File: This will load a previously saved file and put all the values from that file into the  
ConnexLink Settings parameters.  
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4.3  
Programming The CL4424 units  
1. Connect a CL4424 unit to the serial communications port on the PC.  
2. Connect the power supply to the CL4424 unit. Make sure the Pwr LED is on.  
3. Start the CL4424 Configuration Utility.  
4. Select the COM Port that is connected to the CL4424 unit on the PC Settings section.  
5. Select the Interface Baud Rate of the CL4424 unit. All CL4424 units are shipped with a  
default rate of 115,200 bps (unless units have been pre-configured to match specific serial  
settings). If the Interface Baud Rate of the CL4424 unit is changed as described in Section  
4.2 Changing CL4424 Settings, then PC Setting Baud Rate must be set to the same Baud  
Rate to allow proper programming of the units.  
6. Select the System Configuration for the CL4424 network, Point-to-Point (one Server and one  
Client) or Point-to-Multipoint (one Server and multiple Clients).  
7. Select Read Radio to display the current settings of the CL4424 unit.  
8. Change desired settings.  
9. After all changes have been made, select Write Radio to save the changes.  
10. Cycle Power to the unit after all changes has been saved. This will set the CL4424 unit to its  
normal mode of operation.  
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5. Troubleshooting  
Problem  
Solution  
Read Radio displays error message: Radio not  
responding.”  
1. Verify the PC Settings. See Section 4.2.3 PC  
Settings.  
2. Make sure the CL4424 unit uses the right serial  
cable. Refer to Section 2.1 RS-232.  
3. If any other program is running and is using the  
same COM port as the CL4424, close that  
program and try to read the radio again.  
4. Reset the radio by cycling power after each  
unsuccessful Read.  
Write Radio displays error message: Radio not  
responding.”  
1.  
2.  
Cycle power to the radio.  
Read the radio and make desired changes and  
then Write the radio.  
Garbled Data received.  
1. Verify that the baud rate of the CL4424 matches  
that of the CL4424 host device.  
Clients Link LED does not come on.  
1. Make sure the unit is connected to power.  
2. Cycle power to the radio.  
3. Verify the Channel Number and System ID  
settings.  
Link LED is on, but data does not get transmitted or  
received.  
1. Make sure the CL4424 unit(s) is connected to  
the correct COM Port.  
2. Check the COM port settings for correct Baud  
Rate. Units can have transmission errors with  
Flow Control set to Xon/Xoff.  
3. Try increasing the Maximum Transmit Attempts  
(for Clients) and/or Broadcast Attempts (for  
Servers) values in small increments until  
communication is established.  
4. Connect a Null Modem adapter between the  
Client and its host device.  
5. Check the Destination Address setting.  
If these troubleshooting tips do not resolve the problem, please call our toll free number at:  
(800) 492-2320, extension 207. Technical support hours are Monday through Friday, 8:00 am to  
5:00 pm Central Standard Time.  
6/21/2005  
20  
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