Novatel Car Satellite TV System 15a User Manual
EuroPak-15a/15aT  
Receiver  
USER MANUAL  
OM-20000100  
Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Table of Contents  
Notices  
9
11  
13  
14  
15  
16  
Software License  
Warranty Policy  
Customer Service  
Foreword  
1 Introduction  
1.1 Overview of the EuroPak-15a........................................................................................................ 16  
1.2 SBAS Overview ............................................................................................................................. 16  
1.3 Galileo Overview............................................................................................................................ 17  
1.3.1 Open Service ....................................................................................................................... 18  
1.3.2 Commercial Service............................................................................................................. 18  
1.3.3 Safety-of-Life Service........................................................................................................... 19  
1.3.4 Public Regulated Service..................................................................................................... 19  
1.3.5 Search and Rescue Service................................................................................................. 19  
1.4 EuroPak-15a Enclosure................................................................................................................. 19  
1.5 EuroPak-15a Features................................................................................................................... 20  
1.5.1 GEO Signal Processing ....................................................................................................... 21  
1.5.2 Digital Pulse Blanking .......................................................................................................... 21  
1.6 Functional Overview ...................................................................................................................... 21  
1.7 Internal Euro-L1E5a Card.............................................................................................................. 21  
1.7.1 Radio Frequency Section..................................................................................................... 21  
1.7.2 Digital Electronics Section.................................................................................................... 22  
1.8 Antenna or Signal Generator......................................................................................................... 22  
1.9 Principal Power Supply.................................................................................................................. 22  
1.10 Data Communications Equipment ............................................................................................... 22  
2 Installation  
23  
2.1 Additional Equipment Required ..................................................................................................... 23  
2.1.1 Selecting an Antenna or Signal Generator........................................................................... 23  
2.1.2 Choosing a Coaxial Cable.................................................................................................... 23  
2.1.3 Power Supply Requirements................................................................................................ 24  
2.2 Installation Overview...................................................................................................................... 24  
2.2.1 Mounting the Antenna or Signal Generator.......................................................................... 25  
2.2.2 Connecting the Antenna or Signal Generator to the Receiver............................................. 25  
2.2.3 Applying Power to the Receiver........................................................................................... 26  
2.2.4 Connecting Data Communications Equipment .................................................................... 26  
2.3 Additional Features and Information.............................................................................................. 26  
2.3.1 Strobes................................................................................................................................. 26  
2.3.2 Status Indicators .................................................................................................................. 27  
2.3.3 External Oscillator................................................................................................................ 27  
2.3.4 Mounting Bracket ................................................................................................................. 27  
3 Operation  
28  
3.1 Pre-Start Check List....................................................................................................................... 28  
3.2 Start-Up ......................................................................................................................................... 28  
3.3 Communicating with the EuroPak-15a .......................................................................................... 29  
3.4 Getting Started............................................................................................................................... 29  
3.4.1 Starting the Receiver............................................................................................................ 29  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
3
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Table of Contents  
3.4.2 Communicating with the Receiver Using GPSolution (Aviation) .......................................... 29  
4 Using Commands and Logs  
31  
4.1 Entering Commands...................................................................................................................... 31  
4.1.1 Command Settings on Power-Up......................................................................................... 31  
4.1.2 Determining the Current Command Settings ....................................................................... 32  
4.1.3 Response Formats............................................................................................................... 32  
4.1.4 Response Messages............................................................................................................ 32  
4.2 Logging Data ................................................................................................................................. 34  
4.2.1 Log Types............................................................................................................................. 34  
4.2.2 Log Triggers ......................................................................................................................... 34  
4.2.3 Specifying Log Formats........................................................................................................ 35  
4.3 Log Formats................................................................................................................................... 35  
4.3.1 ASCII.................................................................................................................................... 35  
4.3.2 Binary ................................................................................................................................... 36  
4.4 Fields ............................................................................................................................................. 38  
4.4.1 Field Types........................................................................................................................... 38  
4.4.2 Commonly-Used Fields........................................................................................................ 39  
5 Commands  
43  
5.1 Functional Listing of Commands ................................................................................................... 43  
5.2 Command Summary...................................................................................................................... 44  
5.3 Command Reference..................................................................................................................... 45  
5.3.1 AGCMODE Control Automatic Gain Control ..................................................................... 45  
5.3.2 ASSIGN Assign Individual Satellite Channels ................................................................... 47  
5.3.3 CHANCONFIG ..................................................................................................................... 49  
5.3.4 CLOCKADJUST................................................................................................................... 50  
5.3.5 COM Serial Port Configuration Control.............................................................................. 51  
5.3.6 ECUTOFF Set Satellite Elevation Cut-off.......................................................................... 53  
5.3.7 EXTERNALCLOCK.............................................................................................................. 54  
5.3.8 FIX Constrain to Fixed Position ......................................................................................... 56  
5.3.9 FRESET Clear Data in NVM.............................................................................................. 58  
5.3.10 LOG Request Logs from Receiver................................................................................... 59  
5.3.11 POSITIONTYPE Set the Position Solution...................................................................... 61  
5.3.12 PULSEBLANKING Enable/Disable Pulse Blanking......................................................... 62  
5.3.13 RESET Hardware Reset.................................................................................................. 63  
5.3.14 SDLLBW Configure DLL Filter Bandwidth....................................................................... 64  
5.3.15 SPLLBW Configure Phase-Lock-Loop Bandwidth........................................................... 65  
5.3.16 STHRESHOLD Control Signal Thresholds...................................................................... 66  
5.3.17 UNASSIGN Unassign a Previously Assigned Channel ................................................... 67  
5.3.18 UNLOG Remove Log from Logging Control.................................................................... 68  
5.3.19 UNLOGALL Remove All Logs from Logging Control....................................................... 69  
6 Data Logs  
70  
6.1 Functional Listing of Logs.............................................................................................................. 70  
6.2 Log Summary ................................................................................................................................ 71  
6.3 Log Reference ............................................................................................................................... 71  
6.3.1 AGCSTATS Automatic Gain Control Status...................................................................... 72  
6.3.2 ALMANAC Decoded Almanac........................................................................................... 75  
6.3.3 CLOCKMODEL Current Clock Model Status..................................................................... 77  
6.3.4 PSRPOS Pseudorange Position........................................................................................ 80  
6.3.5 RANGE Satellite Range Information.................................................................................. 82  
6.3.6 RAWEPHEM Raw Ephemeris ........................................................................................... 86  
6.3.7 RAWFRAME Raw Subframes ........................................................................................... 87  
4
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Table of Contents  
6.3.8 RXCOMMANDS Receiver Configuration........................................................................... 88  
6.3.9 RXSECSTATUS Receiver Section Status......................................................................... 91  
6.3.10 SATVIS Satellite Visibility................................................................................................ 94  
6.3.11 SYSTEMLEVELS System Hardware Levels ................................................................... 96  
6.3.12 TIME Time Data .............................................................................................................. 97  
6.3.13 TRACKSTAT Tracking Status ......................................................................................... 98  
6.3.14 VERSION Version Information ...................................................................................... 100  
7 Firmware Updates  
102  
7.1 Contacting the NovAtel Aviation Department .............................................................................. 102  
7.2 Downloading the Files ................................................................................................................. 103  
7.3 Decompressing the Files ............................................................................................................. 103  
7.4 Running the Utility........................................................................................................................ 104  
7.4.1 Open a File to Download.................................................................................................... 104  
7.4.2 Communications Settings .................................................................................................. 105  
7.4.3 Downloading Firmware ...................................................................................................... 105  
8 Built-In Status Test  
107  
8.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 107  
8.2 Receiver Status Word.................................................................................................................. 107  
8.3 Error Strobe Signal ...................................................................................................................... 107  
8.4 Receiver Status Log .................................................................................................................... 107  
8.4.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................ 107  
8.4.2 Error Word.......................................................................................................................... 108  
8.4.3 Status Code Arrays............................................................................................................ 109  
8.4.4 Receiver Status Code ........................................................................................................ 109  
8.4.5 Auxiliary Status Codes....................................................................................................... 109  
Appendices  
A Technical Specifications  
110  
123  
125  
126  
B Electrostatic Discharge Control (ESD) Practices  
C Standards/References  
D Replacement Parts  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
5
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Figures  
1
The SBAS Concept ....................................................................................................................... 17  
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
EuroPak-15a Enclosure ................................................................................................................ 20  
Typical Receiver Installation.......................................................................................................... 25  
The WGS84 ECEF Coordinate System ........................................................................................ 57  
Serial Number and Version Label ............................................................................................... 102  
Main Screen of WinLoad............................................................................................................. 104  
WinLoad’s Open Dialog............................................................................................................... 104  
Open File in WinLoad.................................................................................................................. 105  
COM Port Setup.......................................................................................................................... 105  
Authorization Code Dialog........................................................................................................... 106  
Update Process Complete .......................................................................................................... 106  
Location of Receiver Status Word............................................................................................... 108  
Reading the Bits in the Receiver Status Word ............................................................................ 108  
Location of Receiver Error Word................................................................................................. 108  
Reading the Bits in the Receiver Error Word .............................................................................. 108  
EuroPak-15a Power Cable.......................................................................................................... 115  
EuroPak-15a Null Modem Cable................................................................................................. 116  
EuroPak-15a Straight Through Serial Cable............................................................................... 117  
EuroPak-15a I/O Strobe Port Cable............................................................................................ 118  
6
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Tables  
1
Default Serial Port Configurations ................................................................................................ 26  
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Available Strobe Signals on the EuroPak-15a ............................................................................. 27  
EuroPak-15a Status Indicators .................................................................................................... 27  
Response Messages .................................................................................................................... 33  
Log Triggers for Each Log Type ................................................................................................... 34  
ASCII Message Header Structure ................................................................................................ 36  
Binary Message Header Structure ............................................................................................... 37  
Field Types ................................................................................................................................... 38  
Byte Arrangements ...................................................................................................................... 39  
Serial Port Identifier Values .......................................................................................................... 39  
Message Type Byte Format ......................................................................................................... 39  
GPS Time Status ........................................................................................................................ 40  
Commands By Function ............................................................................................................... 43  
Command Summary .................................................................................................................... 44  
Frequency Values for AGCMODE Command .............................................................................. 45  
AGC Mode Values ....................................................................................................................... 45  
Antispoofing Flag Values ............................................................................................................. 46  
Channel State Values .................................................................................................................. 48  
Configuration Values .................................................................................................................... 49  
Parity Values ................................................................................................................................ 52  
Handshaking Values .................................................................................................................... 52  
Echo Values ................................................................................................................................. 52  
Break Values ................................................................................................................................ 52  
Clock Type ................................................................................................................................... 55  
Pre-Defined Values for Oscillators ............................................................................................... 55  
Fix Type Values ........................................................................................................................... 56  
Log Trigger Values ....................................................................................................................... 60  
Log Hold Values ........................................................................................................................... 60  
Position Frequency Switch ........................................................................................................... 61  
Frequency Switch ......................................................................................................................... 62  
Pulse Blanking Switch .................................................................................................................. 62  
PLL Bandwidth Values ................................................................................................................. 65  
Logs By Function ......................................................................................................................... 70  
Log Summary ............................................................................................................................... 71  
AGC Status Word ......................................................................................................................... 73  
Clock Model Status Values .......................................................................................................... 79  
Constellation Change Flag Values ............................................................................................... 79  
Solution Status Values ................................................................................................................. 81  
Position Type Values ................................................................................................................... 81  
Channel Tracking Status .............................................................................................................. 84  
Tracking State Bit Values ............................................................................................................. 85  
Correlator Spacing Bit Values ...................................................................................................... 85  
Command Type Values ................................................................................................................ 90  
Component Type .......................................................................................................................... 91  
Receiver Error .............................................................................................................................. 92  
Receiver Status ............................................................................................................................ 93  
Satellite Visibility Values .............................................................................................................. 95  
Complete Almanac Flag Values ................................................................................................... 95  
Reject Code Values ..................................................................................................................... 99  
Version Log Field Formats ......................................................................................................... 101  
Target Card Identification ........................................................................................................... 105  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
20  
21  
22  
23  
24  
25  
26  
27  
28  
29  
30  
31  
32  
33  
34  
35  
36  
37  
38  
39  
40  
41  
42  
43  
44  
45  
46  
47  
48  
49  
50  
51  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
7
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Tables  
52  
53  
54  
55  
56  
57  
58  
59  
60  
61  
Performance Specifications ........................................................................................................ 110  
EuroPak-15a Serial Port Pin-Out Descriptions ........................................................................... 114  
EuroPak-15a I/O Port Pin-Out Descriptions ............................................................................... 114  
10GALILEO6GPS Channel Configuration .................................................................................. 120  
16GPSL1L5 Channel Configuration ........................................................................................... 120  
16GALILEOL1E5a Channel Configuration ................................................................................. 121  
12GPS4GEOL1L5 Channel Configuration ................................................................................. 121  
8GPS8GEO Channel Configuration ........................................................................................... 122  
16GPSL5 Channel Configuration ............................................................................................... 122  
Static-Accumulating Materials .................................................................................................... 124  
8
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Notices  
Notices  
The following notices apply to the EuroPak-15a.  
FCC NOTICE  
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the radiated and conducted emission limits for a  
Class B digital device, for both CISPR 22 and Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide  
reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses,  
and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may  
cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not  
occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television  
reception, which can be determined turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct  
the interference by one or more of the following measures:  
• Re-orient or relocate the receiving antenna  
• Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver  
• Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is  
connected  
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help  
IMPORTANT:  
In order to maintain compliance with the limits of a Class B digital device, it is required to  
use properly shielded interface cables (such as Belden #9539 or equivalent) when using the  
serial data ports, and double-shielded cables (such as Belden #9945 or equivalent) when  
using the I/O strobe port.  
WARNING: Changes or modifications to this equipment not expressly approved by NovAtel Inc. could  
result in violation of Part 15 of the FCC rules.  
CE NOTICE  
The enclosure carries the CE mark.  
WARNING: This is a Class B product. In a domestic environment this product may cause radio  
interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures.  
"Hereby, NovAtel Inc. declares that this EuroPak-15a is in compliance with the essential requirements and  
other relevant provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC."  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
9
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
     
Notices  
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)  
The EuroPak-15a has passed the following EMC regulatory tests:  
Emissions Testing of the EUROPAK-15a  
•
•
EN 55022 1998 (CISPR 22 (2006)) - Information technology equipment - Radio disturbance  
characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement  
FCC, Part 15 Subpart B (2004)  
Immunity Testing of the EUROPAK–15a  
EN 61000-6-1: 2001 – Immunity Requirements for Residential, Commercial and Light  
Industrial Environments  
•
Safety of Information Technology Equipment  
IEC/EN 60950  
•
10  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Software License  
Software License  
BY INSTALLING, COPYING, OR OTHERWISE USING THE SOFTWARE PRODUCT, YOU AGREE  
TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THE TERMS  
OF THIS AGREEMENT, DO NOT INSTALL, COPY OR USE THE SOFTWARE PRODUCT.  
1. License: NovAtel Inc. ("NovAtel") grants you a non-exclusive, non-transferable license (not a sale) to use  
one copy of the enclosed NovAtel software on a single computer, and only with the product it was supplied  
with. You agree not to use the software for any purpose other than the due exercise of the rights and  
licences hereby agreed to be granted to you.  
2. Copyright: NovAtel owns, or has the right to sublicense, all copyright, trade secret, patent and other  
proprietary rights in the software and the software is protected by national copyright laws, international  
treaty provisions and all other applicable national laws. You must treat the software like any other  
copyrighted material except that you may either (a) make one copy of the software solely for backup or  
archival purposes, the media of said copy shall bear labels showing all trademark and copyright notices  
that appear on the original copy, or (b) transfer the software to a single hard disk provided you keep the  
original solely for backup or archival purposes. You may not copy the product manual or written materials  
accompanying the software. No right is conveyed by this Agreement for the use, directly, indirectly, by  
implication or otherwise by Licensee of the name of NovAtel, or of any trade names or nomenclature used  
by NovAtel, or any other words or combinations of words proprietary to NovAtel, in connection with this  
Agreement, without the prior written consent of NovAtel.  
3. Patent Infringement: NovAtel shall not be liable to indemnify the Licensee against any loss sustained by it  
as the result of any claim made or action brought by any third party for infringement of any letters patent,  
registered design or like instrument of privilege by reason of the use or application of the software by the  
Licensee or any other information supplied or to be supplied to the Licensee pursuant to the terms of this  
Agreement. NovAtel shall not be bound to take legal proceedings against any third party in respect of any  
infringement of letters patent, registered design or like instrument of privilege which may now or at any  
future time be owned by it. However, should NovAtel elect to take such legal proceedings, at NovAtel's  
request, Licensee shall co-operate reasonably with NovAtel in all legal actions concerning this license of  
the software under this Agreement taken against any third party by NovAtel to protect its rights in the  
software. NovAtel shall bear all reasonable costs and expenses incurred by Licensee in the course of co-  
operating with NovAtel in such legal action.  
4. Restrictions: You may not: (1) copy (other than as provided for in paragraph 2), distribute, transfer, rent,  
lease, lend, sell or sublicense all or any portion of the software; (2) modify or prepare derivative works of  
the software; (3) use the software in connection with computer-based services business or publicly display  
visual output of the software; (4) transmit the software over a network, by telephone or electronically using  
any means; or (5) reverse engineer, decompile or disassemble the software. You agree to keep confidential  
and use your best efforts to prevent and protect the contents of the software from unauthorized disclosure  
or use.  
5. Term and Termination: This Agreement and the rights and licences hereby granted shall continue in force  
in perpetuity unless terminated by NovAtel or Licensee in accordance herewith. In the event that the  
Licensee shall at any time during the term of this Agreement: i) be in breach of its obligations hereunder  
where such breach is irremediable or if capable of remedy is not remedied within 30 days of notice from  
NovAtel requiring its remedy; or ii) be or become bankrupt or insolvent or make any composition with its  
creditors or have a receiver or manager appointed of the whole or any part of its undertaking or assets or  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
11  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Software License  
(otherwise as a solvent company for the purpose of and followed by an amalgamation or reconstruction  
hereunder its successor shall be bound by its obligations hereunder) commence to be wound up; or iii) be  
acquired or otherwise come under the direct or indirect control of a person or persons other than those  
controlling it, then and in any event NovAtel may forthwith by notice in writing terminate this Agreement  
together with the rights and licences hereby granted by NovAtel. Licensee may terminate this Agreement  
by providing 30 days prior written notice to NovAtel. Upon termination, for any reasons, the Licensee shall  
promptly, on NovAtel's request, return to NovAtel or at the election of NovAtel destroy all copies of any  
documents and extracts comprising or containing the software. The Licensee shall also erase any copies of  
the software residing on Licensee's computer equipment. Termination shall be without prejudice to the  
accrued rights of either party, including payments due to NovAtel. This provision shall survive termination  
of this Agreement howsoever arising.  
6. Warranty: For 90 days from the date of shipment, NovAtel warrants that the media (for example, compact  
disk) on which the software is contained will be free from defects in materials and workmanship. This  
warranty does not cover damage caused by improper use or neglect. NovAtel does not warrant the contents  
of the software or that it will be error free. The software is furnished "AS IS" and without warranty as to the  
performance or results you may obtain by using the software. The entire risk as to the results and  
performance of the software is assumed by you.  
7. Indemnification: NovAtel shall be under no obligation or liability of any kind (in contract, tort or otherwise  
and whether directly or indirectly or by way of indemnity contribution or otherwise howsoever) to the  
Licensee and the Licensee will indemnify and hold NovAtel harmless against all or any loss, damage,  
actions, costs, claims, demands and other liabilities or any kind whatsoever (direct, consequential, special  
or otherwise) arising directly or indirectly out of or by reason of the use by the Licensee of the software  
whether the same shall arise in consequence of any such infringement, deficiency, inaccuracy, error or  
other defect therein and whether or not involving negligence on the part of any person.  
8. For software UPDATES and UPGRADES, and regular customer support, contact the NovAtel GPS Hotline  
at 1-800-NOVATEL (U.S. or Canada only), or 403-295-4900, or fax 403-295-4901, e-mail to  
[email protected], visit our website http://www.novatel.com or write to:  
NOVATEL INC.  
CUSTOMER SERVICE DEPT.  
1120 - 68 AVENUE NE,  
CALGARY, ALBERTA, CANADA T2E 8S5  
9. Disclaimer of Warranty and Limitation of Liability:  
a. THE WARRANTIES IN THIS AGREEMENT REPLACE ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS  
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A  
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. NovAtel DISCLAIMS AND EXCLUDES ALL OTHER WARRANTIES.  
IN NO EVENT WILL NovAtel's LIABILITY OF ANY KIND INCLUDE ANY SPECIAL,  
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING LOST PROFITS, EVEN IF  
NovAtel HAS KNOWLEDGE OF THE POTENTIAL LOSS OR DAMAGE.  
b. NovAtel will not be liable for any loss or damage caused by delay in furnishing the software or any other  
performance under this Agreement.  
c. NovAtel's entire liability and your exclusive remedies for our liability of any kind (including liability  
for negligence) for the software covered by this Agreement and all other performance or non-perfor-  
mance by NovAtel under or related to this Agreement are to the remedies specified by this Agreement.  
This Agreement is governed by the laws of the Province of Alberta, Canada. Each of the parties  
hereto irrevocably attorns to the jurisdiction of the courts of the Province of Alberta.  
12  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Warranty Policy  
Warranty Policy  
NovAtel Inc. warrants that its Global Positioning System (GPS) products are free from defects in materials and  
workmanship, subject to the conditions set forth below, for the following periods of time:  
EuroPak-15a Receivers  
NovAtel Antennas  
Cables and Accessories  
Software Support  
One (1) Year from date of sale  
One (1) Year from date of sale  
Ninety (90) Days from date of sale  
One (1) Year from date of sale  
Date of sale shall mean the date of the invoice to the original customer for the product. NovAtel’s responsibility  
respecting this warranty is solely to product replacement or product repair at an authorized NovAtel location.  
Determination of replacement or repair will be made by NovAtel personnel or by technical personnel expressly  
authorized by NovAtel for this purpose.  
THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES DO NOT EXTEND TO (I) NONCONFORMITIES, DEFECTS OR  
ERRORS IN THE PRODUCTS DUE TO ACCIDENT, ABUSE, MISUSE OR NEGLIGENT USE OF  
THE PRODUCTS OR USE IN OTHER THAN A NORMAL AND CUSTOMARY MANNER, ENVI-  
RONMENTAL CONDITIONS NOT CONFORMING TO NOVATEL’S SPECIFICATIONS, OR FAIL-  
URE TO FOLLOW PRESCRIBED INSTALLATION, OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE  
PROCEDURES, (II) DEFECTS, ERRORS OR NONCONFORMITIES IN THE PRODUCTS DUE TO  
MODIFICATIONS, ALTERATIONS, ADDITIONS OR CHANGES NOT MADE IN ACCORDANCE  
WITH NOVATEL’S SPECIFICATIONS OR AUTHORIZED BY NOVATEL, (III) NORMAL WEAR  
AND TEAR, (IV) DAMAGE CAUSED BY FORCE OF NATURE OR ACT OF ANY THIRD PERSON,  
(V) SHIPPING DAMAGE; OR (VI) SERVICE OR REPAIR OF PRODUCT BY THE DEALER WITH-  
OUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT FROM NOVATEL. IN ADDITION, THE FOREGOING WAR-  
RANTIES SHALL NOT APPLY TO PRODUCTS DESIGNATED BY NOVATEL AS BETA SITE TEST  
SAMPLES, EXPERIMENTAL, DEVELOPMENTAL, PREPRODUCTION, SAMPLE, INCOMPLETE  
OR OUT OF SPECIFICATION PRODUCTS OR TO RETURNED PRODUCTS IF THE ORIGINAL  
IDENTIFICATION MARKS HAVE BEEN REMOVED OR ALTERED. THE WARRANTIES AND  
REMEDIES ARE EXCLUSIVE AND ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRIT-  
TEN OR ORAL, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FIT-  
NESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE EXCLUDED. NOVATEL SHALL NOT BE LIABLE  
FOR ANY LOSS, DAMAGE, EXPENSE, OR INJURY ARISING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY OUT  
OF THE PURCHASE, INSTALLATION, OPERATION, USE OR LICENSING OR PRODUCTS OR  
SERVICES. IN NO EVENT SHALL NOVATEL BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDEN-  
TAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND OR NATURE DUE TO ANY CAUSE.  
There are no user serviceable parts in the GPS receiver and no maintenance is required. When the status code indicates  
that a unit is faulty, replace with another unit and return the faulty unit to NovAtel Inc.  
Before shipping any material to NovAtel or Dealer, please obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA)  
number from the point of purchase. You may also visit our website at http://www.novatel.com and select  
Support | Repair Request from the side menu.  
Once you have obtained an RMA number, you will be advised of proper shipping procedures to return any defective  
product. When returning any product to NovAtel, please return the defective product in the original packaging to avoid  
ESD and shipping damage.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
13  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
         
Customer Service  
Customer Service  
Contact Information  
If you have any questions or concerns regarding your EuroPak-15a receiver, please contact the NovAtel  
Aviation Group using any one of the following methods:  
NovAtel GPS Hotline:  
1-800-NOVATEL (U.S. and Canada)  
403-295-4900 (International)  
Fax:  
403-295-4999  
E-mail:  
Website:  
Write:  
[email protected]  
www.novatel.com  
NovAtel Inc. Aviation Group  
1120 - 68 Avenue NE  
Calgary, Alberta, Canada  
T2E 8S5  
Firmware Updates  
Firmware updates are firmware revisions to an existing model, which improve basic functionality of the GPS  
receiver.  
The process for obtaining firmware updates is discussed in Chapter 7, Firmware Updates starting on Page 102.  
If you need further information, please contact NovAtel using one of the methods given above.  
14  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
           
Foreword  
Foreword  
Scope  
This manual contains sufficient information on the installation and operation of the EuroPak-15a or EuroPak-  
15aT receiver to allow you to effectively integrate and fully operate it. After the addition of accessories, user-  
supplied data communications equipment and a power supply, the receiver is ready to go.  
These receivers utilizes a comprehensive user-interface command structure, which requires communications  
through its communications (COM) ports. This manual also lists and describes the various receiver commands  
and logs.  
For an overview of GPS, a glossary of terms, units of conversion and acronyms, refer to the GPS+ Reference  
Manual available on our website at http://www.novatel.com/Downloads/docupdates.html.  
It is beyond the scope of this manual to provide details on service or repair. Please contact your local NovAtel  
dealer for any customer-service related inquiries, see Customer Service on Page 14.  
Prerequisites  
The installation chapters of this document provide information concerning the installation requirements and  
considerations for the EuroPak-15a and EuroPak-15aT receivers.  
Conventions  
The term EuroPak-15aT will not be used in this manual unless a specific detail refers to it alone. The term  
receiver and the term EuroPak-15a will infer that the text is applicable to a EuroPak-15a or EuroPak-15aT  
unless otherwise stated.  
The conventions used throughout this document are:  
H
The letter H in the Binary Bytes or Binary Offset columns represents the header length for that  
command or log. The binary header is described in Section 4.3.2 on Page 36.  
0x  
A number following 0xis a hexadecimal number.  
field  
Text surrounded by a box indicates a variable parameter to be entered as part of the command string.  
[ ]  
< >  
Parameters surrounded by [ and ] are optional in a command or are required for only some instances  
of the command depending on the values of other parameters.  
Text displayed between < and > indicates the entry of a keystroke in the case of the command or an  
automatic entry in the case of carriage return <CR> and line feed <LF> in data output.  
In tables where no values are given, such fields should be assumed to be reserved for future use.  
Compliance with GPS Week Rollover  
The GPS week rollover issue refers to the way GPS receivers store information regarding the current GPS  
week. According to the official GPS system specifications document (ICD-GPS-200, paragraph 20.3.3.3.1.1),  
"… 10 bits shall represent the number of the current GPS week…". This means the GPS week is represented by  
an integer number between 0 and 1023. As GPS time started on Sunday January 6, 1980 at 0:00 hours, week  
1023 ended on Saturday August 21, 1999 at 23:59:59.  
As per the GPS system specifications document, NovAtel firmware resets the receiver's GPS week number  
back to zero. Users should be aware of this issue and keep in mind that there may be a compatibility issue when  
purchasing and using different makes of GPS receivers.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
15  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
               
Chapter 1  
Introduction  
This chapter provides information on the features and functionality of the EuroPak-15a and how it operates in  
the context of an SBAS system.  
1.1 Overview of the EuroPak-15a  
The EuroPak-15a is a high-performance GPS, Galileo and GEO receiver capable of receiving and tracking  
sixteen GPS L1, GPS L5, Galileo L1 and Galileo E5a signals. Alternatively, four of the sixteen signals can be  
SBAS GEO L1 and SBAS GEO L5 signals. The EuroPak-15a also decodes the navigation signals.  
There is flexibility in areas such as configuration and specification of output data and control signals. Multiple  
software models are available, allowing you to better fit the receiver to the application while maintaining the  
option for a compatible upgrade path.  
The EuroPak-15a enclosure offers a complete solution, a protective enclosure that provides an interface to the  
receiver card’s power, data, and status signals.  
1.2 SBAS Overview  
A Satellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS) is a safety-critical system designed to augment the  
Department of Defense Global Positioning System (GPS) Standard Positioning Service (SPS). SBAS enhances  
GPS service by providing:  
•
•
•
a ranging function to the SBAS satellites, which improves signal availability and reliability  
GPS signal corrections, which improve accuracy  
integrity monitoring, which improves safety  
The primary mission of the SBAS system is to provide a means for air navigation for all phases of flight in the  
National Airspace System (NAS) from departure, through en route, and approach. The principal functions of  
SBAS include:  
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
determining ionospheric corrections  
determining satellite orbits  
determining satellite clock corrections  
determining satellite integrity  
independent data verification  
SBAS message broadcast and ranging  
system operations & maintenance  
As shown in Figure 1 on Page 17, the SBAS system consists of a series of Reference Stations and Master  
Stations, a Ground Uplink Subsystem, and Geostationary Satellites (GEOs). The Reference Stations, which are  
strategically located to provide adequate coverage, pick up GPS satellite data and route it to the Master  
Stations. The Master Stations then process the data to determine the signal integrity, signal corrections, and  
residual errors for each monitored satellite. This information is sent to the Ground Uplink Subsystem for  
transmission to the GEOs, which then re-transmits the data on the GPS L1 and L5 (not yet available)  
frequency. In the future, the system will support L5 signal frequency broadcasts.  
16  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
               
Introduction  
Chapter 1  
Figure 1: The SBAS Concept  
Reference  
Description  
1
Geo satellite  
2
GPS satellite constellation  
3
L1 and L5  
4
C1 and C5  
5
GPS user  
6
7
Integrity data, differential corrections and ranging control  
Reference station  
8
Master station  
9
10  
Integrity data, differential corrections, time control and status  
Ground uplink subsystem  
1.3 Galileo Overview  
Galileo will be Europe's own global navigation satellite system, providing a highly accurate, guaranteed global  
positioning service under civilian control. It will be inter-operable with GPS and GLONASS, the two other  
global satellite navigation systems.  
A user will be able to take a position with the same receiver from any of the satellites in any combination. By  
offering dual frequencies as standard, however, Galileo will deliver real-time positioning accuracy down to the  
metre range, which is unprecedented for a publicly available system.  
It will guarantee availability of the service under all but the most extreme circumstances and will inform users  
within seconds of a failure of any satellite. This will make it suitable for applications where safety is crucial,  
such as running trains, guiding cars and landing aircraft.  
The first experimental satellite, part of the so-called Galileo System Test Bed (GSTB) was launched in  
December 2005. The objective of this experimental satellite is to characterize the critical technologies, which  
are already in development under European Space Agency (ESA) contracts. Thereafter up to four operational  
satellites will be launched in the 2007-2008 time frame to validate the basic Galileo space and related ground  
segment. Once this In-Orbit Validation (IOV) phase has been completed, the remaining satellites will be  
installed to reach the Full Operational Capability (FOC) in 2010.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
17  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
     
Chapter 1  
Introduction  
The fully deployed Galileo system consists of 30 satellites (27 operational + 3 active spares), positioned in  
three circular Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) planes in 23616 km altitude above the Earth, and at an inclination of  
the orbital planes of 56 degrees with reference to the equatorial plane. Once this is achieved, the Galileo  
navigation signals will provide a good coverage even at latitudes up to 75 degrees north, which corresponds to  
the North Cape, and beyond. The large number of satellites together with the optimization of the constellation,  
and the availability of the three active spare satellites, will ensure that the loss of one satellite has no discernible  
effect on the user.  
Two Galileo Control Centres (GCC) will be implemented on European ground to provide for the control of the  
satellites and to perform the navigation mission management. The data provided by a global network of twenty  
Galileo Sensor Stations (GSS) will be sent to the Galileo Control Centres through a redundant communications  
network. The GCC's will use the data of the Sensor Stations to compute the integrity information and to  
synchronize the time signal of all satellites and of the ground station clocks. The exchange of the data between  
the Control Centres and the satellites will be performed through so-called up-link stations. Five S-band up-link  
stations and 10 C-band up-link stations will be installed around the globe for this purpose.  
As a further feature, Galileo will provide a global Search and Rescue (SAR) function, based on the operational  
search and rescue satellite aided tracking Cospas-Sarsat system. To do so, each satellite will be equipped with a  
transponder, which is able to transfer the distress signals from the user transmitters to the Rescue Co-ordination  
Centre (RCC), which will then initiate the rescue operation. At the same time, the system will provide a signal  
to the user, informing them that their situation has been detected and that help is under way. This latter feature  
is new and is considered a major upgrade compared to the existing system, which does not provide a feedback  
to the user.  
Five categories of services have been defined:  
1. A free Open Service (OS)  
2. A highly reliable Commercial Service (CS)  
3. A Safety-of-Life Service (SOL)  
4. A government encrypted Public Regulated Service (PRS)  
5. A Search and Rescue Service (SAR)  
1.3.1  
Open Service  
This single-frequency service will involve the provision of a positioning, navigation and precise timing service.  
It will be available for use by any person in possession of a Galileo receiver. No authorization will be required  
to access this service. Galileo is expected to be similar to GPS in this respect.  
The principal applications will be general navigation and positioning, network timing, traffic information  
systems, systems including information on alternative routes in the event of congestion, and wireless location,  
for example, with mobile telephones.  
Studies clearly show that the availability of these services will be significantly enhanced by the existence of a  
greater number of satellites, as is the case when both GPS and Galileo are in operation. This is particularly  
important for land-based services, such as private car navigation, where service is mostly required in downtown  
cores and where satellite shadowing is minimized by the combination of the systems.  
The Open Service will be transmitted in the E5a frequency band at 1176.45 MHz.  
1.3.2  
Commercial Service  
Service providers using the multi-frequency commercial services will have the opportunity to give added value  
to their range of products for which they can charge the end customer and will, in turn, pay a fee to the Galileo  
operator. The signal will contain data relating to the additional commercial services being offered. In return for  
the fee, the Galileo operator will be able to offer certain service guarantees. This aspect of service guarantee  
and the commensurate liabilities is one area where Galileo is significantly differentiated from GPS. A key  
component in achieving this is an independent system within Galileo for monitoring the satisfactory working of  
18  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
     
Introduction  
the system and informing the end user of this by an integrity signal incorporated in the data stream.  
Chapter 1  
The main applications for this service concern professional users who are ready to pay for a service guaranteed  
by the Galileo operator, notably in the areas of technical surveys, in activities involving customs and excise  
operations, network synchronization, sea fleet management, vehicle fleet management, and road tolls.  
Controlled access to this service for end-users and the providers of value-added services will be based on  
protected access keys in the receivers. This will also enable revenue to be collected from users.  
The commercial service will be transmitted in the E6 frequency band at 1278.75 MHz.  
1.3.3  
Safety-of-Life Service  
The safety-of-life service will be offered to users who are highly dependant on precision, signal quality and  
signal transmission reliability. It will offer a high level of integrity, and consequently, provide the user with a  
very rapid warning of any possible malfunctions. It will need to be certified in accordance with the regulations  
applicable to the various modes of transport (the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) regulations  
in the case of air transport; the International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations in the case of sea  
transport). This service will require specialized receivers providing access to this enhanced-quality signal.  
The safety-of-life service will be transmitted in two frequency bands – L1 at 1575.42 MHz, and E5b at 1207.14  
MHz. Users may receive signals from the two frequency bands independently.  
1.3.4  
Public Regulated Service  
The PRS will be a restricted access service, offered to government agencies that require a high availability  
navigation signal. The PRS service will utilize ranging codes that are encrypted with a highly secure  
government encryption scheme. To enhance availability, the PRS service is intended to have anti-jamming and  
anti-spoofing capabilities.  
The PRS will be transmitted in two frequency bands – L1 at 1575.42 MHz, and E6 at 1278.75 MHz. Users may  
receive signals from the two frequency bands independently.  
1.3.5  
Search and Rescue Service  
A specific public service designed to assist in search and rescue operations will make it possible to locate  
person and vehicles in distress. The vehicles will be fitted with beacons, which having been activated in the  
event of an emergency will send an alerting signal to the rescue centre.  
The Galileo Program provides this search and rescue service for users based on humanitarian and public  
service principles of the international COSPAS-SARSAT system while at the same time making search and  
rescue operations more effective.  
1.4 EuroPak-15a Enclosure  
The EuroPak-15a provides a hardware interface between your equipment and the NovAtel Euro-L1E5a card.  
Each is a rugged, sealed enclosure that provides protection against adverse environments. It has DB-9  
connectors to access data and status signals.  
The EuroPak-15a offers the following features:  
•
•
A mounting enclosure with a PCB interconnect back plane  
Two serial ports provided on two DB-9P connectors (see the note below):  
• COM1  
• COM3 (the port is labelled COM2 on the enclosure but is COM3 in the software)  
•
Auxiliary status and synchronization signals  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
19  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
         
Chapter 1  
Introduction  
•
•
•
•
Antenna or signal generator Radio Frequency (RF) ports  
Input power port  
Indicators to provide power and communication status  
An external oscillator port (input only)  
The following accessories are included with the EuroPak-15a:  
•
•
•
•
•
1 12V power adapter cable  
1 I/O cable  
1 null modem serial cable  
1 straight through serial cable  
A CD containing NovAtel’s PC utilities and product documentation  
For technical specifications on the EuroPak-15a, please see Appendix A, Technical Specifications starting on  
Page 110.  
Figure 2: EuroPak-15a Enclosure  
ꢀ The port labelled COM2 on the back of the receiver, see Figure 2 above, connects to COM3 of the internal  
Euro-L1E5a card.  
1.5 EuroPak-15a Features  
The EuroPak-15a has been designed with the following features:  
•
•
•
•
16 channel parallel tracking  
Fully field-upgradeable firmware  
Low power consumption  
1 Hz raw data and position output rates  
At a minimum, the following channel configuration is available:  
•
•
•
•
•
8 GPS L1 (for L1L5GPS model)  
8 GPS L5 (for L1L5GPS model)  
5 Galileo L1 (for L1E5aGAL model)  
5 Galileo E5a (for L1E5aGAL model)  
6 GPS L1 (for L1E5aGAL model)  
20  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
     
Introduction  
Additional features for the receiver card include:  
Chapter 1  
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
GEO signal processing  
GPS signal processing  
Galileo signal processing  
Digital pulse blanking for the L1 signal  
Digital pulse blanking for the L5 signal  
Digital pulse blanking for the Galileo L1 signal  
Digital pulse blanking for the Galileo E5a signal  
A variant of the product, the EuroPak-15aT, is available. This variant contains a highly stable  
OCXO frequency reference. The EuroPak-15aT can distribute this 10 MHz frequency reference  
from its OSC port.  
ꢀ Galileo signal processing will only be available on activated models.  
Some of these features are discussed further in the following sections.  
1.5.1  
GEO Signal Processing  
Specific channels have the capability to receive and process the SBAS signal provided by GEOs. These signals  
are in-band at L1 and L5. They are identified through the use of SBAS-specific PRN numbers. The SBAS  
message is decoded and separated into its various components. The SBAS message and associated  
pseudorange are provided as an output.  
1.5.2  
Digital Pulse Blanking  
Digital pulse blanking involves removing or attenuating pulses in the RF signal that exceed a specified level.  
The EuroPak-15a provides digital pulse blanking for the GPS L1, GPS L5 signal, Galileo L1 and Galileo E5a  
signal paths. Digital pulse blanking reduces the negative effects of pulsed interference.  
Use the PULSEBLANKING command to enable/disable pulse blanking or control its sensitivity, see Page 62.  
1.6 Functional Overview  
In addition to the EuroPak-15a, an GNSS receiver system typically contains three other major components:  
•
•
•
An antenna (and optional LNA power supply) or signal generator  
A power supply  
Data communications equipment  
1.7 Internal Euro-L1E5a Card  
The internal Euro-L1E5a card consists of a radio frequency and a digital electronics section.  
1.7.1  
Radio Frequency Section  
The receiver obtains a filtered and amplified L1, L5 or E5a signal from the antenna or signal generator via the  
coaxial cable. The RF section performs the translation from the incoming RF signal to an IF signal usable by  
the digital section. It also supplies power to the active antenna’s LNA through the coaxial cable while  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
21  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                           
Chapter 1  
Introduction  
maintaining isolation between the DC and RF paths. The RF section can reject a high level of potential  
interference (for example, MSAT, Inmarsat, cellular phone, and TV sub-harmonic signals).  
1.7.2  
Digital Electronics Section  
The digital section of the receiver receives a down-converted, amplified GNSS signal which it digitizes and  
processes to obtain a navigation solution (position, velocity and time). The digital section consists of an analog-  
to-digital converter, a 32-bit system processor, memory, control and configuration logic, signal processing  
circuitry, serial peripheral devices, and supporting circuitry.  
The digital section performs the translations and calculations necessary to convert the IF analog signals into  
usable position and status information. It also handles all I/O functions, including the auxiliary strobe signals,  
which are described in detail in Section 2.3.1 on Page 26. For input and output levels please see Appendix A,  
Technical Specifications on Page 110.  
1.8 Antenna or Signal Generator  
The purpose of the antenna is to convert the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the satellites into RF signals.  
An active antenna or a signal generator is required for the receiver to function properly.  
Power for an antenna LNA is supplied by the receiver.  
1.9 Principal Power Supply  
A single external power supply capable of delivering 15 W is necessary to operate the receiver. See Appendix  
A, Technical Specifications starting on Page 110 for details.  
WARNING: If the voltage supplied is below the minimum specification, the receiver will suspend  
operation. If the voltage supplied is above the maximum specification, the receiver may  
be permanently damaged, voiding your warranty.  
1.10 Data Communications Equipment  
A PC or other data communications equipment is necessary to communicate with the receiver and, if desired, to  
store data generated by the receiver.  
22  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                   
Chapter 2  
Installation  
This chapter contains instructions and tips to set up your NovAtel receiver to create a GNSS receiver system.  
At the time of publication, it is recommended that the L5 signal for the receiver be generated by a signal  
generator as there are no L5 signals in space.  
2.1 Additional Equipment Required  
In order for the receiver to perform optimally, the following additional equipment is required:  
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
An interface for power, communications, and other signals  
An antenna or signal generator  
A quality coaxial cable (and interconnect adapter cable as necessary)  
Data communications equipment capable of serial communications  
A serial cable (if not included with the receiver)  
A power supply  
A power cable (if not included with the receiver)  
CAUTION:When the EuroPak-15a receiver is installed in a permanent location, such as in a  
building, it should be protected by a lightening protection device according to local  
building codes. See also Warranty Policy on Page 13.  
2.1.1  
Selecting an Antenna or Signal Generator  
An L5 Signal Generator is available from NovAtel, see the Aviation Group’s contact information on Page 14 to  
learn more.  
The GPS-704-X antenna is a wide band passive antenna available from NovAtel. It is designed to operate in the  
frequency range 1150-1650 MHz. An external LNA is required.  
NovAtel offers a variety of antenna models. Each offer exceptional phase-center stability, a significant measure  
of immunity against multipath interference and has an environmentally-sealed radome.  
ꢀ Connection at the time of publication is directly to a signal generator. There are no L5 signals in space at  
the present time.  
2.1.2  
Choosing a Coaxial Cable  
An appropriate coaxial cable is one that is matched to the impedance of the antenna or signal generator and  
receiver being used (50 ohms), and whose line loss does not exceed 10.0 dB. If the limit is exceeded, excessive  
signal degradation will occur and the receiver may not be able to meet its performance specifications. NovAtel  
offers a variety of coaxial cables to meet your interconnection requirements, including:  
•
5, 15, or 30 m RF cables with TNC male connectors on both ends (NovAtel part numbers C006, C016  
and C032 respectively)  
Your local NovAtel dealer can advise you about your specific configuration. Should your application require  
the use of cable longer than 30 m you will find the application note RF Equipment Selection and Installation at  
our website, www.novatel.com, or you may obtain it from NovAtel Customer Service directly.  
High-quality coaxial cables should be used because a mismatch in impedance, possible with lower quality  
cable, produces reflections in the cable that increase signal loss. Though it is possible to use other high-quality  
RF cables, the performance specifications of the EuroPak-15a receivers are warranted only when used with  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
23  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                           
Chapter 2  
NovAtel-supplied accessories.  
Installation  
2.1.3  
Power Supply Requirements  
This section contains information on the requirements for the input power to the receiver. See Appendix A,  
Technical Specifications starting on Page 110 for more power supply specifications.  
WARNING: If the voltage supplied is below the minimum specification, the receiver will suspend  
operation. If the voltage supplied is above the maximum specification, the receiver may  
be permanently damaged, voiding your warranty.  
The receiver is designed to prevent internal damage when subjected to a reverse polarity power connection. It  
also provides protection from short over voltage events. It is recommended that appropriate fuses or current  
limiting be incorporated as a safety precaution on all power lines used. Use a sufficient gauge of wire to ensure  
that the voltage at the connector is within the receiver’s requirements.  
2.1.3.1  
EuroPak-15a Enclosure  
The EuroPak-15a is supplied with a 12 V power adapter with a built-in slow-blow fuse for use with a standard  
12 VDC power outlet.  
If a different supply is desired, the input range required is +9 to +18 VDC. The type of connector required to  
mate with the receiver’s power connector is a 4-pin LEMO socket connector labelled PWR. The supply should  
be capable of 15 W. See Appendix D, Replacement Parts starting on Page 126 for the LEMO connector part  
number.  
2.2 Installation Overview  
Once you have selected the appropriate equipment, complete the following steps to set up and begin using your  
NovAtel receiver.  
1. Mount the antenna or signal generator to a secure, stable structure, see Section 2.2.1 on Page 25.  
2. Connect the antenna or signal generator to the receiver with an RF cable, using the information  
given in Section 2.2.2 on Page 25.  
3. Apply power to the receiver, as described in Section 2.2.3 on Page 26.  
4. Connect the receiver to a PC or other data communications equipment by following the  
information given in Section 2.2.4 on Page 26.  
Figure 3 on the next page shows a typical set up for an enclosed receiver.  
24  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
     
Installation  
Chapter 2  
1
2
5
4
7
6
Figure 3: Typical Receiver Installation  
Reference  
Description  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Receiver  
Antenna or Signal Generator  
RF Cable  
12V Power Cable  
12V Power Cable with Optional AC Adapter or Aircraft Power Conditioner  
Null Modem Data Cable  
Data Communications Equipment  
2.2.1  
Mounting the Antenna or Signal Generator  
When installing an antenna or signal generator system:  
•
Mount the antenna on a secure, stable structure capable of safe operation in the specific  
environment  
Also, if mounting an antenna:  
•
Choose an antenna location that has a clear view of the sky so that each satellite above the horizon  
can be tracked without obstruction  
2.2.2  
Connecting the Antenna or Signal Generator to the Receiver  
Connect the antenna or signal generator to the receiver using high-quality coaxial cable, as discussed in Section  
2.1.2 on Page 23.  
The EuroPak-15a provides a TNC female connector, which can be connected to the antenna or signal generator  
directly with any of NovAtel’s coaxial cables.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
25  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
     
Chapter 2  
Installation  
2.2.3  
Applying Power to the Receiver  
Connect the power supply to the PWR port of the EuroPak-15a receiver.  
2.2.4  
Connecting Data Communications Equipment  
In order to communicate with the receiver by sending commands and obtaining logs, a connection to some  
form of data communications equipment is required. The default configuration available for each of the  
receiver types is given in the table below. Consult NovAtel Customer Service for more details on factory  
configuration. See Appendix A, Technical Specifications starting on Page 110 for data connection details.  
Table 1: Default Serial Port Configurations  
Receiver  
COM1  
COM2  
EuroPak-15a  
RS-232  
RS-232  
Each port supports some, or all, of the following signals:  
•
•
•
•
Clear To Send (CTS)  
Transmitted Data (TXD)  
Request To Send (RTS)  
Received Data (RXD)  
The EuroPak-15a enclosure is Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) so that TXD and RTS are outputs while RXD  
and CTS are inputs. A null modem cable is required to connect to another DTE like a terminal or a PC.  
2.3 Additional Features and Information  
This section contains information on the additional features of the EuroPak-15a receivers, which may affect the  
overall design of your receiver system.  
2.3.1  
Strobes  
A set of inputs and outputs that provide status and synchronization signals are given on the EuroPak-15a. These  
signals are referred to as strobes. As shown in Table 2 on Page 27, not all strobe signals are provided on all  
receivers. However, for those products for which strobes are available, you may want to design your  
installation to include support for these signals.  
The EuroPak-15a enclosure provides strobe signals at its I/O port, as described in Table 54 on Page 114.  
Strobe signals include an input and several outputs as described below:  
•
•
•
Mark Input (Event1)  
A pulse on this input triggers certain logs to be generated.  
(see Section 4.2.2, Log Triggers on Page 34).  
Falling edge is synchronized with internal GPS  
measurements.  
A pulse for which the falling edge is synchronized with GPS  
time.  
Measure Output (MSR)  
Pulse Per Second Output (PPS)  
•
•
Position Valid Output (PV)  
Error Output (ERROR)  
High when good GPS position and time solution.  
High when a receiver hardware failure is detected.  
See Appendix A, Technical Specifications starting on Page 110, for further information on the strobe signal  
characteristics.  
26  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
             
Installation  
Chapter 2  
Table 2: Available Strobe Signals on the EuroPak-15a  
STATUS STATUS  
ERROR  
Signal  
EVENT1  
MSR  
PPS  
PV  
_RED  
_GREEN  
EuroPak-15a  
I/O port,  
pin 4  
I/O port, I/O port, I/O port, I/O port, Not  
pin 3 pin 2 pin 5 pin 8 available  
Not  
available  
ꢀ The ground return pin for these signals is Pin 9.  
2.3.2  
Status Indicators  
The EuroPak-15a receivers have LED indicators that provide the status of the receiver. The EuroPak-15a  
provides the status indicators shown in Table 3.  
Table 3: EuroPak-15a Status Indicators  
Indicator  
COM1  
Indicator Color  
Status  
Green  
Data is being transmitted from COM1  
Red  
Green  
Red  
Data is being received on COM1  
Data is being transmitted from COM3  
Data is being received on COM3  
The receiver is powered  
COM2  
PWR  
Red  
2.3.3  
External Oscillator  
ꢀ You may connect an external oscillator to a EuroPak-15a model, without an internal oven-controlled  
crystal oscillator (OCXO) as explained in this section. On the EuroPak-15aT model, the OSC port is for  
output from the internal OCXO only, and therefore this section does not apply to it.  
For certain applications requiring greater precision than what is possible using the on-board 20 MHz, voltage-  
controlled, temperature-compensated crystal oscillator (VCTCXO), you may wish to connect the EuroPak-15a  
to an external, high-stability oscillator. The external oscillator can be either 5 MHz or 10 MHz.  
If you do not use the EXTERNALCLOCK command to specify a clock type, see Page 54, its default is  
DISABLED. This means the external clock input is off and the board is using the on-board VCTCXO.  
Installation consists of connecting a cable from the external oscillator to the EuroPak-15a’s external oscillator  
input connector.  
The BNC external oscillator port, labelled OSC, is used for input signals on the EuroPak-15a and for output  
signals on the EuroPak-15aT. See Figure 2 on Page 20.  
Once the external oscillator has been installed, the EXTERNALCLOCK command, see Page 54, must be  
issued to define the clock model (for example, cesium, rubidium or ovenized crystal). If the input clock rate is  
5 MHz, the EXTERNALCLOCK command must be issued to change the 10 MHz default rate.  
2.3.4  
Mounting Bracket  
Along with the EuroPak-15a enclosure, mounting kits have been provided to facilitate mounting the receivers  
to a surface. To install the mounting bracket provided with the EuroPak-15a, refer to the instructions provided  
with the mounting kit. Page 119 provides the dimension information for the bracket.  
ꢀ The mounting kits are not designed for use in high-dynamics/vibration environments. Contact NovAtel,  
see Page 14, if your application requires the EuroPak-15a to be mounted in these types of environments.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
27  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
             
Chapter 3  
Operation  
Before operating the EuroPak-15a for the first time, ensure that you have followed the installation instructions  
in Chapter 2. From here on, it will be assumed that testing and operation of the EuroPak-15a will be performed  
while using a personal computer (PC), which allows the greatest ease and versatility.  
3.1 Pre-Start Check List  
Before turning on power to the EuroPak-15a, ensure that all of the following conditions have been met:  
•
•
The antenna or signal generator is properly installed, powered, and connected  
The PC is properly connected using a serial cable, and its communications protocol has been  
configured to match that of the EuroPak-15a  
Supply power to the EuroPak-15a only after all of the above checks have been made. Note that the warm-up  
process may take several minutes, depending on ambient temperature.  
3.2 Start-Up  
The EuroPak-15a’s firmware resides in non-volatile memory. After supplying power to the unit, wait a moment  
for self-boot, and the EuroPak-15a will be ready for command input.  
The initial start-up indicator to let you know that the EuroPak-15a's main serial port is ready to communicate:  
•
Your PC will display the following prompt, indicating you are connected through the COM1 port:  
[COM1]  
The receiver has 4 modes of operation including power-up mode:  
•
•
•
•
Power-Up  
Operational  
Fault  
Maintenance  
The EuroPak-15a is in power-up mode after receiving a reset signal. While in this mode, everything is disabled  
except for the clock generators and microprocessor interface. During this mode, Firmware (FW) is transferred  
from Flash to RAM, the 32-bit CRC is verified on the FW load and the Initiated Built In Test (IBIT) is  
exercised to determine whether the receiver is usable. This mode ends when the functional blocks of the  
receiver have been enabled, initialized and the IBIT has been successfully executed.  
The EuroPak-15a is in operational mode following power-up mode and before a fault is discovered by the  
Continuous Built In Test (CBIT) and goes into fault mode when the device outputs are affected by one or more  
faults preventing its use.  
The EuroPak-15a is in maintenance mode when it is loading firmware. Maintenance mode can only be entered  
via the Power-up mode.  
Once you are connected, commands can be entered as explained in Section 3.3, Communicating with the  
EuroPak-15a on Page 29.  
28  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
       
Operation  
Chapter 3  
3.3 Communicating with the EuroPak-15a  
Communication with the receiver consists of issuing commands through the communication ports from an  
external serial communications device. This could be either a PC or laptop that is directly connected to the  
receiver serial port using a null modem cable.  
The commands and logs used by the EuroPak-15a, as well as the fields within them, follow specific formats,  
which are discussed in Chapter 4. The valid commands, which are used to control the operation and data  
logging of the EuroPak-15a, are specified in Chapter 5. Chapter 6 provides details on the data logs that can be  
requested from the EuroPak-15a. It is to your advantage to become thoroughly familiar with Chapters 4  
through 6 of this manual to ensure maximum utilization of the EuroPak-15a's capabilities.  
3.4 Getting Started  
Included with your receiver are NovAtel’s GPSolution (Aviation) and Convert programs. GPSolution  
(Aviation) is a Microsoft Windows-based GUI which allows you to access the receiver's many features without  
the need for communications protocol or to write special software. The Convert utility is a Windows-based  
utility that allows you to convert between file formats, and strips unwanted records for data file compilation.  
See the EuroPak-15a Quick Start Guide for more information on their installation.  
ꢀ You must install the Aviation version of the PC Utilities provided on your CD. It is only this version,  
GPSolution (Aviation), of GPSolution that works with the EuroPak-15a receiver.  
3.4.1  
Starting the Receiver  
The receiver’s software resides in read-only memory. When first powered, it undergoes a complete self-test. If  
an error condition is detected during a self-test, the self-test status word changes. This self-test status word can  
be viewed in the header of any data output log. See also Chapter 8, Built-In Status Test starting on Page 107.  
3.4.2  
Communicating with the Receiver Using GPSolution (Aviation)  
Launch the GPSolution (Aviation) program and select Device | Open from its main menu. The Open dialog  
appears. The example below shows an Open dialog with a possible configurations already set up. Your  
configurations may be different or you may have none at all. In that case, the Available device configs window  
would be empty.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
29  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
           
Chapter 3  
Operation  
Refer to GPSolution (Aviation)’s Help file by selecting Help | Contents from the main menu to see Help for  
windows and their descriptions. Ensure you can see the Console and ASCII Messages windows by selecting  
them under View in the main menu.  
When the receiver is first turned on, no data is transmitted from the COM ports except for the port prompt. The  
Console window displays a port name:  
[COM1] if connected to COM1 port,  
or  
[COM3] if connected to COM3 port  
Any of the above prompts indicate that the receiver is ready and waiting for command input.  
ꢀ If you find that GPSolution (Aviation) is unable to locate your EuroPak-15a receiver, it may be that you  
have previously used the SAVECONFIG command. In this case, try using a different COM port to  
communicate to the receiver. Once communication has been established, issue a FRESET STANDARD  
command. You should now be able to use your original communication port again.  
WARNING!:  
Ensure all other windows are closed in GPSolution (Aviation) when entering the  
SAVECONFIG command in the Console window.  
Commands are typed at the interfacing computing device’s keypad or keyboard, and executed after issuing a  
carriage return command which is usually the same as pressing the <Enter> key.  
An example of a response to an input command is the FIX POSITION command. It can be entered like this:  
[COM2] fix position 51.11635 -114.0383 1048.2 [carriage return]  
<OK  
where [COM2] is the port prompt, the bolded type is the command you enter from you keypad or  
keyboard and [carriage return] indicates that you should press the <Enter> key.  
The above example illustrates command input to the base receiver’s COM2 port which sets the position of the  
base station receiver for differential operation. Confirmation that the command was actually accepted is the  
appearance of <OK.  
If a command is entered incorrectly, the receiver responds with:  
<INVALID MESSAGE ID  
(or a more detailed message)  
WARNING!:  
Ensure the Control Panel’s Power Settings on your PC are not set to go into Hibernate  
or Standby modes. Data will be lost if one of these modes occurs during a logging session.  
30  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
     
Chapter 4  
Using Commands and Logs  
Chapter 5 and Chapter 6 provide the details of the commands and logs used to communicate with the EuroPak-  
15a. The sections below give information on using these messages, including the formats they can take and the  
responses they may provide.  
4.1 Entering Commands  
The EuroPak-15a is capable of responding to many different input commands. The commands offer a wide  
range of flexibility and can be used to control the following:  
•
•
•
The overall status of the EuroPak-15a  
Input and output functions  
Configuration of a specific channel of the EuroPak-15a  
The following rules apply when entering commands and logs:  
1. You must enter commands in Abbreviated ASCII format. The name of the command and its  
parameters are entered.  
2. The commands are not case sensitive. For example:  
FIX POSITION or fix position  
3. At the end of a command or command string, press <ENTER>.  
4.1.1  
Command Settings on Power-Up  
When the receiver is first powered up, or after an FRESET command, all commands revert to the factory  
default settings.  
ꢀ The FRESET command causes all previously stored information saved to non-volatile memory to be  
erased. This command is detailed in Section 5.3.9 on Page 58.  
4.1.1.1  
Factory Defaults  
The factory defaults for the EuroPak-15aT timing model are:  
ANTENNAPOWER ON  
CLOCKADJUST DISABLE  
COM COM1 9600 N 8 1 N OFF ON  
COM COM3 115200 N 8 1 N OFF ON  
POSITIONTYPE GPSL1  
SDLLBW n 0.2  
where n is for channel numbers 0 to 15 inclusive  
where n is for channel numbers 0 to 15 inclusive  
SPLLBW n 3.0  
EXTERNALCLOCK OCXO 10 MHZ  
The factory defaults for the EuroPak-15a non-timing model are:  
ANTENNAPOWER ON  
CLOCKADJUST ENABLE  
COM COM1 9600 N 8 1 N OFF ON  
COM COM3 115200 N 8 1 N OFF ON  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
31  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                       
Chapter 4  
POSITIONTYPE GPSL1  
Using Commands and Logs  
SDLLBW n 0.2  
where n is for channel numbers 0 to 15 inclusive  
where n is for channel numbers 0 to 15 inclusive  
SPLLBW n 15.0  
EXTERNALCLOCK DISABLE  
4.1.1.2  
Default Thresholds  
For L1 GPS, L1 WAAS and L1 Galileo, the acquistion threshold is 38 dB-Hz, the tracking threhold is 22 dB-Hz  
and the cross-correlation threshold is 36 dB-Hz.  
For L5 GPS, L5 WAAS and E5a Galileo, the acquistion threshold is 36 dB-Hz, the tracking threhold is 22 dB-  
Hz and the cross-correlation threshold is 36 dB-Hz.  
4.1.1.3  
Default AGC Modes  
The AGC modes are set to AUTO by default for all frequencies.  
4.1.2  
Determining the Current Command Settings  
To determine the current command settings of a receiver, request an RXCOMMANDS log, which is described in  
Section 6.3.8 on Page 88. This will provide a listing of all commands and their parameter settings. This log  
provides the most complete information on receiver configuration.  
For some commands, including COM and LOG, multiple parameter sets can exist. For example, the LOG  
command can be entered with one set of parameters to enable logging of the PSRPOS log. It can then be  
entered again with a second set of parameters to configure the EuroPak-15a to capture the RANGE log. When  
the LOG command is entered the second time, the new parameter set does not overwrite the first, it exists in  
addition to the first set.  
4.1.3  
Response Formats  
The format of the response is dependent on the format of the input command. If the command is input as  
Abbreviated ASCII, the output will be Abbreviated ASCII.  
The Abbreviated ASCII response consists of a leading < followed by the response string, like the example  
below:  
<OK  
4.1.4  
Response Messages  
The receiver is capable of outputting several responses for various conditions. Most of these responses are error  
messages to indicate when something is not correct. Table 4 on Page 33 outlines the various response strings  
and message IDs.  
32  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
           
Using Commands and Logs  
Chapter 4  
Table 4: Response Messages  
ID  
String  
Meaning  
OK  
1
3
Command was received correctly  
NOT ENOUGH RESOURCES IN  
SYSTEM  
The request has exceeded a limit (for example, the  
maximum number of logs are being generated)  
DATA PACKET DOESN’T VERIFY  
COMMAND FAILED ON RECEIVER  
INVALID MESSAGE ID  
4
5
6
7
9
Data packet is not verified  
Command did not succeed in accomplishing requested task  
The input message ID is not valid  
INVALID MESSAGE FIELD = X  
MESSAGE MISSING FIELD  
Field x of the input message is not correct  
A field is missing from the input message  
ARRAY SIZE FOR FIELD X EXCEEDS  
MAX  
10  
Field x contains more array elements than allowed  
PARAMETER X IS OUT OF RANGE  
11  
14  
Field x of the input message is outside the acceptable limits  
TRIGGER X NOT VALID FOR THIS LOG  
Input trigger x is not valid for this type of log  
NO VALID AUTH CODE FOR THAT  
MODEL  
19  
The model attached to the authcode is not valid  
CHANNEL IS INVALID  
20  
21  
23  
24  
25  
26  
27  
31  
33  
The channel number is not correct  
The requested rate is invalid  
Channels are locked due to error  
Injected time is invalid  
REQUESTED RATE IS INVALID  
CHANNELS LOCKED DUE TO ERROR  
INJECTED TIME INVALID  
COM PORT NOT SUPPORTED  
MESSAGE IS INCORRECT  
INVALID PRN  
The COM port is not supported  
The message is invalid  
The PRN is invalid  
MESSAGE TIMED OUT  
The message has timed out  
Unknown COM port requested  
UNKNOWN COM PORT REQUESTED  
HEX STRING NOT FORMATTED  
CORRECTLY  
34  
35  
36  
Hex string not formatted correctly  
The baud rate is invalid  
INVALID BAUD RATE  
MESSAGE IS INVALID FOR THIS  
MODEL  
This message is invalid for this model of receiver  
COMMAND ONLY VALID IF IN NVM  
FAIL MODE  
40  
41  
78  
Command is only valid if NVM is in fail mode  
The offset is invalid  
INVALID OFFSET  
MAX NUMBER OF USER MESSAGES  
REACHED  
The maximum number of user messages allowed has been  
reached  
GPS PRECISE TIME IS ALREADY  
KNOWN  
84  
GPS precise time is already known  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
33  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Chapter 4  
Using Commands and Logs  
4.2 Logging Data  
You can control how the EuroPak-15a logs data by using the LOG command given on Page 59. A field within  
this command allows you to specify which data log from Chapter 6 to capture. Note the following however:  
1. The EuroPak-15a can handle 20 logs at a time. If you attempt to log more than 20 logs at a time,  
the receiver will respond with the error message:  
Not enough resources in system  
2. Maximum flexibility for logging data is provided to you by these logs. You are cautioned,  
however, to recognize that each log requested requires additional CPU time and memory buffer  
space. Too many logs may result in lost data and degraded CPU performance. Receiver overload  
can be monitored using the idle-time field and the buffer overrun bits of the Receiver Status field,  
which are both found in any log header.  
When a log is generated, it is sent to the serial port specified by the portparameter in the entered LOG  
command.  
4.2.1  
Log Types  
The receiver is capable of generating many different logs. These logs are divided into the following three types:  
•
•
Synchronous  
The data contained in synchronous logs is generated on a regular schedule.  
Asynchronous  
The data in asynchronous logs is generated at irregular intervals. If these logs  
were collected on a regular schedule, there would be a delay in capturing the  
new data. The result is that changes to the data are not captured the moment  
they were available.  
•
Polled  
The data in polled logs is generated only when requested. Typically the data  
in these logs, such as configuration settings, does not change.  
4.2.2  
Log Triggers  
Each log can be configured for output when a certain condition, or trigger, is met. The possible triggers are:  
•
•
•
•
ONNEW  
Output a new log whenever the message is updated (not necessarily changed).  
Output a new log whenever the message has changed.  
ONCHANGED  
ONTIME  
ONCE  
Output a new log at a specified interval (in seconds).  
Output the current, existing message. Only a single log will be generated.  
For each log type described in Section 4.2.1, Log Types only certain triggers are valid. For example, the  
VERSION log is a polled log because it does not change. Therefore, it would not make sense to log this kind of  
data using the ONCHANGED or ONNEW triggers. Table 5 outlines the valid triggers for each log type:  
Table 5: Log Triggers for Each Log Type  
Type  
Recommended Triggers  
Illegal Triggers  
ONNEW  
ONCHANGED  
Synchronous  
Asynchronous  
Polled  
ONTIME  
ONCHANGED  
ONCE  
-
ONNEW  
ONCHANGED  
34  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                                       
Using Commands and Logs  
Chapter 4  
4.2.3  
Specifying Log Formats  
Logs can be requested in two formats, ASCII or Binary, described in Section 4.3 on Page 35.  
When entering the LOG command using ASCII format, the default format for the output log is ASCII. To  
generate logs in a different format, a suffix is added to the name of the message being requested. To request a  
log in ASCII format, add Ato the end of the log as shown below.  
LOG ALMANACA  
To request a log in Binary format, Bis added to the end of the log name.  
LOG RANGEB ONTIME 30  
When issuing Binary logs, the output message type is set in the Message Type field in the command header, as  
described in Table 7 on Page 37.  
4.3 Log Formats  
The receiver handles all incoming and outgoing NovAtel logs using two different formats:  
•
•
ASCII  
Binary  
This allows for some versatility in the way the EuroPak-15a can be used.  
4.3.1  
ASCII  
The ASCII format is readable by both you and a computer. The structures of all ASCII messages follow the  
general conventions as noted here:  
1. Basic format:  
#HEADER_PARAMS;PARAM_1,PARAM_2,...,PARAM_N*XXXXXXXX[CR][LF]  
2. The lead code identifier for each record is '#'. This identifier is followed by the header parameters,  
as described in Table 6 on Page 36.  
3. Each log is of variable length depending on the amount of data and field formats.  
4. All data fields are delimited by a comma ',' with two exceptions. The first exception is the last  
header field which is followed by a ';' to denote the start of the data message. The other exception  
is the last data field, which is followed by a '*' to indicate end of message data.  
5. Each log ends with a hexadecimal number preceded by an asterisk and followed by a line  
termination using the carriage return and line feed characters, for example,  
*1234ABCD[CR][LF]. This value is a 32-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of all bytes in the  
message, excluding the '#' identifier and the asterisk preceding the checksum digits. See Section  
4.4.2.5 on Page 41 for the algorithm used to generate the CRC.  
6. An ASCII string is one field and is surrounded by double quotation marks, for example, “ASCII  
string”. If separators are surrounded by quotation marks then the string is still one field and the  
separator will be ignored, for example, “xxx,xxx”is one field. Double quotation marks within a  
string are not allowed.  
7. If the receiver detects an error parsing an input message, it will return an error response message.  
Please see Section 4.1.4 on Page 32 for a list of response messages from the receiver.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
35  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                     
Chapter 4  
The ASCII message header is formatted as follows:  
Using Commands and Logs  
Table 6: ASCII Message Header Structure  
Description  
Field  
Name  
Field  
Type  
Ignored  
on Input  
Field  
Sync character. The ASCII message is always preceded by a  
1
2
3
sync  
Char  
Char  
Char  
N
N
Y
single ‘#’ symbol.  
The ASCII name of the message. The names of logs are given  
in Table 34 on Page 71.  
message  
port  
The name of the port from which the log was generated.  
See Table 10 on Page 39.  
4
5
Reserved  
idle time  
ULong Reserved for internal use  
Float The minimum percentage of time that the processor is idle  
N
Y
The quality of the GPS time, as described in Section 4.4.2.4  
6
7
8
time status Enum  
Y
Y
Y
on Page 40.  
week  
ULong GPS week number  
Seconds from the beginning of the GPS week accurate to the  
millisecond level  
seconds  
GPSec  
An eight digit hexadecimal number representing the status of  
receiver  
status  
9
ULong various hardware and firmware components of the receiver.  
Y
This number is described in Table 46 on Page 93.  
10  
11  
12  
ULong  
Y
Y
N
Reserved  
;
Reserved for internal use  
ULong  
Char  
The ‘;’ character indicates the end of the header  
Example ASCII Format Log:  
#PSRPOSA,COM1,0,43.0,FINESTEERING,265,320943.000,00840000,  
0000,33331;SOL_COMPUTED,SINGLE,51.11638529847,-114.03825624352,  
1045.2359,0.0000,WGS84,1.5908,1.4096,2.3924,"",0.000,0.000,10,8,  
0,0,0,0,0,0*84ea7b68[CR][LF]  
4.3.2  
Binary  
Binary messages are meant strictly as a machine readable format. They are also ideal for applications where the  
amount of data being transmitted is fairly high. Because of the inherent compactness of binary as opposed to  
ASCII data, the messages are much smaller. This allows a larger amount of data to be transmitted and received  
by the receiver’s communication ports. The structure of all Binary format messages follows the general  
conventions as noted here:  
1. Basic format:  
Header  
3 sync bytes plus 25 bytes of header information. The header length is variable  
as fields may be appended in the future. Always check the header length.  
Parameters Variable length binary data  
CRC 4 bytes  
2. The 3 Sync bytes are always:  
36  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
               
Using Commands and Logs  
Chapter 4  
Byte  
First  
Hex  
AA  
44  
Decimal  
170  
Second  
Third  
68  
12  
18  
3. The CRC is a 32-bit cyclic redundancy check performed on all data including the header. See  
Section 4.4.2.5 on Page 41 for the CRC algorithm.  
4. The header is in the format shown in Table 7 on Page 37.  
Table 7: Binary Message Header Structure  
Field  
Name  
Field  
Type  
Binary Binary Ignored  
Bytes Offset on Input  
Field  
Description  
Hexadecimal 0xAA  
1
2
3
sync  
Char  
1
1
1
0
1
2
N
N
N
sync  
sync  
Char  
Char  
Hexadecimal 0x44  
Hexadecimal 0x12  
header  
length  
4
UChar Length of the header  
1
3
N
message  
ID  
Message ID. The message IDs for logs are given in  
Table 34 on Page 71.  
5
UShort  
2
4
N
message  
type  
Message type indicator, as explained in Section  
6
7
8
Char  
1
1
2
6
7
8
N
N
N
4.2.1 on Page 34.  
The port from which the log was generated.  
See Table 10 on Page 39.  
port  
address  
Char  
message  
length  
The length in bytes of the body of the message. This  
does not include the header nor the CRC.  
UShort  
For multiple related logs. A number that counts  
down from N-1 to 0 where N is the number of  
UShort related logs and 0 means it is the last one of the set.  
Most logs only come out one at a time in which case  
this number is 0.  
9
sequence  
idle time  
2
1
10  
12  
N
Y
The percentage of time that the processor is idle in  
the last second. Take the time (0-200) and divide by  
two to give the percentage of time (0-100%).  
10  
Char  
The quality of the GPS time, as described in Section  
a
b
11  
12  
13  
time status Enum  
13  
14  
16  
1
N
N
N
4.4.2.4 on Page 40  
b
b
week  
UShort GPS week number  
2
4
milli-  
seconds  
GPSec Milliseconds from the beginning of the GPS week  
32 bits representing the status of various hardware  
ULong and firmware components of the receiver. This  
number is described in Table 46 on Page 93.  
receiver  
status  
14  
4
20  
Y
15  
16  
UShort  
2
2
24  
26  
Y
Y
Reserved  
Reserved for internal use  
UShort  
a. This ENUM is not 4 bytes long but, as indicated in the table, is only 1 byte.  
b. These time fields are ignored if Field #11, Time Status, is invalid. In this case the current receiver time is used. The  
recommended values for the three time fields are 0, 0, 0.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
37  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Chapter 4  
Using Commands and Logs  
4.4 Fields  
The commands and logs for the EuroPak-15a use a variety of field types to convey data. The following sections  
provide information on the types of fields used and some of the more commonly-used fields.  
4.4.1  
Field Types  
The following table describes the field types used in the commands and logs.  
Table 8: Field Types  
Binary Size  
Type  
Description  
(Bytes)  
An 8-bit signed integer in the range -128 to +127. This integer value may  
be the ASCII code corresponding to the specified character. In ASCII or  
Abbreviated ASCII this comes out as an actual character.  
Char  
1
An 8-bit unsigned integer. Values are in the range from +0 to +255. In  
ASCII or Abbreviated ASCII this comes out as a number.  
UChar  
1
Short  
2
2
4
4
A 16-bit signed integer in the range -32768 to +32767.  
A 16-bit unsigned integer in the range +0 to +65535.  
UShort  
Long  
A 32-bit signed integer in the range -2147483648 to +2147483647.  
A 32-bit unsigned integer in the range +0 to +4294967295.  
ULong  
64 bits, with 1 for the sign, 11 for the exponent, and 52 for the mantissa.  
Its range is ±1.7E308 with at least 15 digits of precision. This is IEEE  
754.  
Double  
Float  
8
4
4
32 bits, with 1 for the sign, 8 for the exponent, and 23 for the mantissa.  
Its range is ±3.4E38 with at least 7 digits of precision. This is IEEE 754.  
A 4-byte enumerated type beginning at zero (an unsigned long). In  
Binary, the enumerated value is output. In ASCII or Abbreviated ASCII,  
the enumeration label is spelled out.  
Enum  
Two separate formats that depend on whether the output is requested in  
Binary or an ASCII format. For Binary the output is in milliseconds and  
is a long type. For ASCII the output is in seconds and is a float type.  
GPSec  
Hex  
4
n
n
A packed, fixed length (n) array of bytes in Binary but in ASCII or  
Abbreviated ASCII is converted into 2 character hexadecimal pairs.  
A variable length array of bytes that is null-terminated in the Binary case.  
The maximum byte length for the field is shown in the row in the log or  
command table.  
String  
Section 9 on Page 39 shows the arrangement of bytes within each field type when used by IBM PC computers.  
All data sent to or from the receiver, however, is read Least Significant Bit (LSB) first, opposite to what is  
shown in Table 9. Data is then stored in the receiver LSB first. For example, in char type data, the LSB is bit 0  
and the Most Significant Bit (MSB) is bit 7.  
38  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
           
Using Commands and Logs  
Chapter 4  
Table 9: Byte Arrangements  
7
0
char  
address n  
15  
7
0
short  
long  
n + 1 address n  
31 23  
15  
7
0
tw o's compliment  
n + 3  
63 62  
Biased Exponent|  
n + 7 n + 6  
31 30 23 22  
Biased Exponent| 23-bits mantissa  
n + 3 n + 2 n + 1 address n  
n + 2  
n + 1 address n  
52 51  
0
double  
S
52-bits mantissa  
n + 4 n + 3  
n + 5  
n + 2  
n + 1 address n  
0
float  
S
4.4.2  
Commonly-Used Fields  
Some of the more commonly-used fields are discussed in this section.  
4.4.2.1  
Serial Port Identifiers  
The values used to indicate serial ports are given below.  
Table 10: Serial Port Identifier Values  
ASCII  
COM1  
COM3  
Binary  
32  
96  
4.4.2.2  
Message Type Indicator  
The Message Type Indicator is a byte given in numerous binary format messages and all binary headers. It  
follows the format in Table 11 below.  
Table 11: Message Type Byte Format  
Bit  
Description  
0-4  
Reserved  
Message format, where  
00 = Binary  
5-6  
7
01 = ASCII  
10 = Abbreviated ASCII, NMEA  
11 = Reserved  
Response indicator, where  
0 = original message  
1 = response message.  
(See Section 4.2 on Page 34 for more  
information on logging data.)  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
39  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
           
Chapter 4  
Using Commands and Logs  
4.4.2.3  
Message Time Stamps  
All NovAtel format messages generated by the receiver have a GPS time stamp in their header. GPS time is  
referenced to UTC with zero point defined as midnight on the night of January 6, 1980 at 0:00 hours. The time  
stamp consists of the number of weeks since that zero point, the EuroPak-15a rolls over, (0 to 1023) and the  
number of seconds since the last week number change (0 to 603,799). GPS time differs from UTC time since  
leap seconds are occasionally inserted into UTC but GPS time is continuous. In addition a small error (less than  
1 microsecond) can exist in synchronization between UTC and GPS time. The TIME log reports both GPS and  
UTC time and the offset between the two.  
The data in synchronous logs, like the RANGE log, are based on a periodic measurement of satellite  
pseudoranges. The time stamp on these logs is the receiver estimate of GPS time at the time of the  
measurement. When setting time in external equipment, a small synchronous log with a high baud rate will be  
accurate to a fraction of a second. A synchronous log with trigger ONTIME 1can be used in conjunction with  
the 1 PPS signal to provide relative accuracy better than 250 ns.  
Other log types (asynchronous and polled) are triggered by an external event and the time in the header may not  
be synchronized to the current GPS time. Logs that contain satellite broadcast data have the transmit time of  
their last subframe in the header. In the header of differential time matched logs, the time of the matched  
reference and local observation that they are based on is given. Logs triggered by a mark event have the  
estimated GPS time of the mark event in their header. The header of a polled log, like VERSION, gives the  
approximate GPS time when its data was generated.  
4.4.2.4  
GPS Time Status  
All reported receiver times are subject to a qualifying time status. This status gives you an indication of how  
well a time is known, see Table 12:  
Table 12: GPS Time Status  
GPS Time Status  
(Decimal)  
GPS Time Status  
(ASCII)  
Description  
20  
UNKNOWN  
Time validity is unknown.  
60  
APPROXIMATE  
COARSE  
Time is set approximately.  
100  
120  
This time is valid to coarse precision.  
Time is coarse set, and is being steered.  
COARSESTEERING  
Position is lost, and the range bias cannot be  
calculated.  
130  
FREEWHEELING  
160  
180  
FINE  
Time has fine precision.  
FINESTEERING  
Time is fine, set and is being steered.  
Time from satellite. This is only used in logs  
containing satellite data such as ephemeris  
and almanac.  
200  
SATTIME  
There are several distinct states that the receiver will go through:  
•
•
•
•
UNKNOWN  
COARSE  
FREEWHEELING  
FINE/FINESTEERING  
40  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
               
Using Commands and Logs  
Chapter 4  
On start up, and before any satellites are being tracked, the receiver can not possibly know the current time. As  
such, the receiver time starts counting at GPS week 0 and second 0.0. The time status flag is set to  
UNKNOWN.  
After the first ephemeris is decoded, the receiver time is set to a resolution of ±10 milliseconds. This state is  
qualified by the COARSE or COARSESTEERING time status flag depending on the state of the  
CLOCKADJUST switch.  
Once a position is known and range biases are being calculated, the internal clock model begins modelling the  
position range biases and the receiver clock offset.  
Modelling continues until the model is a good estimation of the actual receiver clock behavior. At this time, the  
receiver time is adjusted again, this time to an accuracy of ±1 microsecond. This state is qualified by the FINE  
time status flag.  
The final logical time status flag depends on whether CLOCKADJUST is enabled or not, see Page 50. If  
CLOCKADJUST is disabled, the time status flag never improves on FINE. The time is only adjusted again to  
within ±1 microsecond if the range bias gets larger than ±250 milliseconds. If CLOCKADJUST is enabled, the  
time status flag is set to FINESTEERING and the receiver time is continuously updated (steered) to minimize  
the receiver range bias.  
If for some reason position is lost and the range bias cannot be calculated, the time status is degraded to  
FREEWHEELING.  
4.4.2.5  
32-Bit CRC  
The ASCII and Binary message formats all contain a 32-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) for data  
verification. This allows you to ensure that the data received (or transmitted) is valid with a high level of  
certainty. This CRC can be generated using the C algorithm shown on Page 42.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
41  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                   
Chapter 4  
#define CRC32_POLYNOMIAL 0xEDB88320L  
Using Commands and Logs  
/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------  
Calculate a CRC value to be used by CRC calculation functions.  
-------------------------------------------------------------------------- */  
unsigned long CRC32Value(int i)  
{
int j;  
unsigned long ulCRC;  
ulCRC = i;  
for ( j = 8 ; j > 0; j-- )  
{
if ( ulCRC & 1 )  
ulCRC = ( ulCRC >> 1 ) ^ CRC32_POLYNOMIAL;  
else  
ulCRC >>= 1;  
}
return ulCRC;  
}
/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------  
Calculates the CRC-32 of a block of data all at once  
-------------------------------------------------------------------------- */  
unsigned long CalculateBlockCRC32(  
unsigned long ulCount,  
/* Number of bytes in the data block */  
unsigned char *ucBuffer ) /* Data block */  
{
unsigned long ulTemp1;  
unsigned long ulTemp2;  
unsigned long ulCRC = 0;  
while ( ulCount-- != 0 )  
{
ulTemp1 = ( ulCRC >> 8 ) & 0x00FFFFFFL;  
ulTemp2 = CRC32Value( ((int) ulCRC ^ *ucBuffer++ ) & 0xff );  
ulCRC = ulTemp1 ^ ulTemp2;  
}
return( ulCRC );  
}
42  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Chapter 5  
Commands  
5.1 Functional Listing of Commands  
Table 13 lists the commands by function. Please see Section 5.3 on Page 45 for a more detailed description of  
each individual command.  
Table 13: Commands By Function  
Command  
Description  
COMMUNICATIONS, CONTROL AND STATUS  
Set serial port configuration  
COM  
LOG  
Request a log  
UNLOG  
Remove a specified log from logging control  
Remove all logs from logging control  
UNLOGALL  
GENERAL RECEIVER CONTROL  
Control Automatic Gain Control (AGC) functionality  
Configure receiver’s DLL filter bandwidth  
Configure receiver’s phase-lock-loop bandwidths  
Perform a hardware reset  
AGCMODE  
SDLLBW  
SPLLBW  
RESET  
FRESET  
Reset receiver to factory default  
POSITION CONTROL  
FIX  
Constrain receiver position  
POSITIONTYPE  
Control the position solution on GPS L1 or L5 signals  
SATELLITE TRACKING AND CHANNEL CONTROL  
Assign individual satellite channel  
ASSIGN  
CHANCONFIG  
ECUTOFF  
Set receiver channel tracking configuration  
Set satellite elevation cut-off angle  
PULSEBLANKING  
STHRESHOLD  
UNASSIGN  
Enable/disable digital pulse blanking for L1 Galileo or E5a signals  
Control signal thresholds for acquisition, tracking and cross correlation  
Unassign a previously ASSIGNed channel  
CLOCK INFORMATION, STATUS, AND TIME  
Enable or disable adjustments to the internal clock and 1PPS output  
Set the parameters for an external clock  
CLOCKADJUST  
EXTERNALCLOCK  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
43  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                     
Chapter 5  
Commands  
5.2 Command Summary  
Table 14: Command Summary  
Description  
Message  
Command Name  
ID  
Syntax  
agcmode frequency mode  
[pulsewidth loadvalue]  
AGCMODE  
ASSIGN  
Control Automatic Gain Control (AGC)  
Assign individual satellite channel to a PRN  
229  
27  
assign channel [state] [prn  
[Doppler window]]  
chanconfig config  
CHANCONFIG  
CLOCKADJUST  
Set receiver channel tracking configuration  
Enable clock adjustments  
501  
15  
clockadjust switch  
com [port] bps [parity  
[databits [stopbits  
[handshake [echo [break]]]]]]  
COM  
Serial port configuration control  
4
ecutoff angle  
ECUTOFF  
Set satellite elevation cutoffs  
Set external clock parameters  
Fix height, position or velocity  
50  
externalclock clocktype  
[freq] [h0 [h1 [h2]]]  
EXTERNALCLOCK  
230  
fix type [lat lon height]  
FIX  
44  
20  
Clear data stored in non-volatile memory. freset  
FRESET  
Followed by a receiver reset.  
log [port] message [trigger]  
[period [offset] [hold]]  
LOG  
Request logs from receiver  
1
Set position filter to GPS L1 or L5  
frequency  
positiontype frequency  
POSITIONTYPE  
PULSEBLANKING  
836  
519  
pulseblanking frequency  
switch  
Enables or disables digital pulse blanking  
for L1 or L5 signals.  
reset [delay]  
RESET  
18  
Perform a hardware reset  
sdllbw dsigchan bw  
spllbw psigchan bw  
SDLLBW  
SPLLBW  
Configure receiver’s DLL filter bandwidth  
Configure receiver’s phase-lock-loop bw  
800  
801  
sthreshold sigchan acqui  
lock crosscorr  
Control signal thresholds for acquisition,  
tracking and cross correlation  
STHRESHOLD  
803  
unassign channel  
unlog [port] datatype  
unlogall [port]  
UNASSIGN  
UNLOG  
Unassign a previously ASSIGNed channel  
Remove log from logging control  
29  
36  
38  
UNLOGALL  
Remove all logs from logging control  
44  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
     
Commands  
Chapter 5  
5.3 Command Reference  
All syntax strings and command examples given in this section are in the Abbreviated ASCII format, unless  
otherwise indicated. The tables provided show the fields necessary for all formats unless otherwise noted.  
ꢀ As mentioned in Section 4.1 on Page 31, all command strings must be followed by <Enter>.  
5.3.1  
AGCMODE Control Automatic Gain Control  
ꢀ 1. This command can fundamentally change the way that the receiver operates. Do not alter the default  
settings unless you are confident that you understand the consequences.  
2. When the AGC mode is disabled, the Receiver Status word in the message header, discussed in  
Table 46, Receiver Status on Page 93, reports the AGC as GOOD as long as the control metric used in  
the feedback loop is within 7.5% of the set point.  
This command controls the EuroPak-15a’s Automatic Gain Control (AGC) mechanism, which has two primary  
functions:  
•
•
To perform the analog-to-digital conversions in the receiver’s front end.  
Mitigate jamming.  
Table 15: Frequency Values for AGCMODE Command  
ASCII  
L1  
Description  
a
L1 GPS and Galileo channels  
a
L5  
L5 GPS and E5a Galileo channels  
a. Changing GPS L1 affects Galileo L1 and  
changing GPS L5 affects Galileo E5a  
Table 16: AGC Mode Values  
ASCII  
AUTO  
Description  
Specifies that the default pulse width  
and load values should be used.  
Specifies that the values specified in the  
pulsewidth and loadvalue fields should  
be used.  
MANUAL  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
45  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
           
Chapter 5  
Syntax:  
Commands  
Message ID: 229  
AGCMODE FREQUENCY MODE [ PULSEWIDTH LOADVALUE ]  
Valid Values  
Field  
Binary Binary  
Field  
Description  
Format  
Name  
Bytes  
Offset  
ASCII  
Binary  
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name. See Section 4.1  
1
2
header  
H
0
on Page 31.  
Specifies which signal  
type to apply the  
command to.  
frequency  
mode  
See Table 15 on Page 45.  
Enum  
4
4
H
Specifies whether to  
use the default or  
custom values for the  
pulse width and load  
value.  
3
See Table 16 on Page 45.  
H+4  
Enum  
Pulse width. A value is  
only required when the  
mode field is set to  
MANUAL.  
4
5
pulsewidth 35 to 262144  
4
4
H+8  
Float  
Float  
Modulus load value. A  
value is only required  
when the mode field is  
set to MANUAL.  
loadvalue  
35 to 262144  
H+12  
Example:  
AGCMODE L1 MANUAL 40 50  
Table 17: Antispoofing Flag Values  
ASCII  
Description  
FALSE  
TRUE  
Antispoofing is disabled.  
Antispoofing is enabled.  
46  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
     
Commands  
Chapter 5  
5.3.2  
ASSIGN Assign Individual Satellite Channels  
ꢀ The ASSIGN command should only be used by advanced users.  
This command may be used to aid in the initial acquisition of a satellite by allowing you to override the  
automatic satellite/channel assignment and reacquisition processes with manual instructions. The command  
specifies that the selected tracking channel should search for a specified satellite at a specified Doppler  
frequency within a specified Doppler window.  
The instruction will remain in effect for the specified SV channel and PRN, even if the assigned satellite  
subsequently sets. If the satellite Doppler offset of the assigned SV channel exceeds that specified by the  
window parameter of the ASSIGN command, the satellite may never be acquired or re-acquired. If a PRN has  
been assigned to a channel and the channel is currently tracking that satellite, when the channel is set to AUTO  
tracking, the channel will immediately idle and return to automatic mode.  
To cancel the effects of ASSIGN, you must issue one of the following:  
•
•
The ASSIGN command with the state set to AUTO  
The UNASSIGN command  
These will return SV channel control to the automatic search engine immediately.  
ꢀ 1. Assigning a PRN to an SV channel does not remove the PRN from the search space of the automatic  
searcher; only the SV channel is removed (i.e. the searcher may search and lock onto this PRN on  
another channel). The automatic searcher only searches for PRNs 0 to 37 for GPS channels and 0 to 50  
for Galileo channels.  
2. Assigning an SV channel will set the Channel Assignment bit to 1 for forced assignment in the Channel  
Tracking Status field of the RANGE log. The RANGE log is specified in Section 6.3.5 on Page 82.  
3. The doppler field applies to L1 GPS and Galileo channels only.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
47  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
             
Chapter 5  
Commands  
Syntax:  
Message ID: 27  
ASSIGN CHANNEL [ STATE ] [ PRN [ DOPPLER WINDOW ] ]  
Field  
Name  
Binary Binary  
Field  
Valid Values  
Description  
Format  
Bytes  
Offset  
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name. See Section 4.1 on  
Page 31.  
1
header  
H
0
SV channel number to apply the command  
to. 0 is the first SV channel and 15 is the last:  
16GPSL1L5:  
0-7 for GPSL1 and  
8-15 for GPSL5  
2
channel 0 to 15  
ULong  
4
H
10GALILEO6GPS: 0-9 for GALL1 and  
10-15 for GPSL1  
See also Section 5.3.3, CHANCONFIG  
starting on Page 49 and Table 56 on  
Page 120.  
Optional desired SV channel state. If a value  
3
4
state  
prn  
See Table 18 below.  
0 to 37 for GPS  
Enum  
Long  
4
4
H+4  
H+8  
is not given, the default of ACTIVE is used.  
Optional satellite PRN code. A value is  
120 to 138 for GEO required only when the state field is set to  
0 to 50 for GAL  
ACTIVE.  
Optional current L1 Doppler offset of the  
satellite specified in the prn field in Hz.  
NOTE:Satellite motion, receiver antenna  
motion, and receiver clock frequency error  
must be included in the calculation of  
Doppler frequency.  
5
6
doppler -100 000 to 100 000  
window 0 to 10 000  
Long  
4
4
H+12  
H+16  
Error or uncertainty in the L1 Doppler  
estimate given in the doppler field, in Hz.  
NOTE:This is a ± value. For example, enter  
500 for ± 500 Hz.  
ULong  
Examples:  
ASSIGN 0 ACTIVE 37 0 2000  
ASSIGN 15 120 -250 0  
ASSIGN 11 28 -250 0  
The first example sets the first SV channel to acquire satellite PRN 37 in a range from -2000 Hz to +2000 Hz  
until the satellite signal has been detected. SV channel 11 is set to acquire satellite PRN 28 at an offset of  
-250 Hz only in the third example.  
Table 18: Channel State Values  
ASCII  
IDLE  
Description  
Set the SV channel to not track any satellites.  
Set the SV channel active.  
ACTIVE  
AUTO  
Tell the receiver to automatically assign PRN codes to channels.  
48  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Commands  
Chapter 5  
5.3.3  
CHANCONFIG  
This command changes the channel configuration of the receiver. This will effect the number of channels  
tracking GPS signals and the number of channels tracking GEO signals. Entering this command will reset the  
receiver, causing the receiver to initiate a cold-start bootup and reset all data stored in NVM to factory default  
values (except for the channel configuration).  
The default configuration of the L1L5GPS(T) model is 16GPSL1L5 while for the L1E5AGAL(T) model it is  
10GALILEO6GPS. If you have a L1E5AGAL(T) model you will also be able to track Galileo and GPS  
satellites. If you have an L1L5GPS(T) model you will be able to track GPS but not Galileo satellites.  
Syntax:  
Message ID: 501  
CHANCONFIG CONFIG  
Field  
Field  
Binary Binary  
Valid Values  
Description  
Format  
Name  
Bytes  
Offset  
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name. See  
1
2
header  
config  
H
0
Section 4.1 on Page 31.  
Specifies the channel  
See Table 19 below.  
configuration for the receiver Enum  
to use.  
4
H
Example:  
CHANCONFIG 16GPSL1L5  
Table 19: Configuration Values  
Description  
ASCII  
16GPSL1L5  
8 GPS L1 + 8 GPS L5 channels  
5 Galileo L1 + 5 Galileo E5a + 6 GPS L1 channels  
10GALILEO6GPS  
a
5 Galileo Data L1 + 5 Galileo Data E5a + 6 GPS L1 channels  
8 Galileo L1 + 8 Galileo E5a channels  
10GALILEODATA6GPS  
16GALILEOL1E5a  
8GPS8GEO  
8 GPS L1 + 4 GEO L1 + 4 GEO L5 channels  
6 GPS L1 + 6 GPS L5 + 2 GEO L1 + 2 GEO L5 channels  
16 GPS L5 channels  
12GPS4GEOL1L5  
16GPSL5  
a. Use the 10GALILEODATA6GPS configuration when tracking the GIOVE-A  
satellite. GIOVE-A uses a different signal structure than the Galileo SIS-ICD,  
therefore the receiver tracks the data signal.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
49  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
           
Chapter 5  
Commands  
5.3.4  
CLOCKADJUST  
All oscillators have some inherent drift. By default the receiver attempts to steer the receiver’s clock to  
accurately match GPS time. If for some reason this is not desired, this behavior can be disabled using the  
CLOCKADJUST command. The TIME log can then be used to monitor clock drift, see Page 97.  
ꢀ 1. The CLOCKADJUST command should only be used by advanced users.  
2. If the CLOCKADJUST command is ENABLED, and the receiver is configured to use an external  
reference frequency (set in the EXTERNALCLOCK command, see Page 54, for an external clock  
- TCXO, OCXO, RUBIDIUM, CESIUM, or USER), then the clock steering process will take over  
the VARF output pins.  
3. When disabled, the range measurement bias errors will continue to accumulate with clock drift.  
4. Pseudorange, carrier phase and Doppler measurements may jump if the CLOCKADJUST mode is  
altered while the receiver is tracking.  
5. When disabled, the time reported on all logs may be offset from GPS time. The 1PPS output may  
also be offset. The amount of this offset may be determined from the TIME log, see Page 97.  
Abbreviated ASCII Syntax:  
CLOCKADJUST SWITCH  
Message ID: 15  
Field  
Type  
ASCII  
Value  
Binary  
Value  
Binary Binary Binary  
Field  
Description  
Format  
Bytes  
Offset  
1
header  
H
0
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name.  
See Section 4.1 on Page 31.  
2
switch  
DISABLE  
ENABLE  
0
1
Disallow adjustment of  
internal clock.  
Enum  
4
H
Allow adjustment of  
internal clock.  
ASCII Example:  
CLOCKADJUST DISABLE  
50  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                                 
Commands  
Chapter 5  
5.3.5  
COM Serial Port Configuration Control  
This command permits you to configure the receiver’s asynchronous serial port communications drivers.  
See Section 4.1.1.1 on Page 31 for a description of the factory defaults.  
Syntax:  
Message ID: 4  
COM [PORT ]BPS[ PARITY [DATABITS [ STOPBITS [HANDSHAKE [ECHO [BREAK]]]]]]  
Field  
Name  
Binary Binary  
Bytes Offset  
Field  
Valid Values  
Description  
Format  
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name. See Section 4.1  
on Page 31.  
1
header  
H
0
Serial port to apply the settings to.  
2
port  
See Table 10 on Page 39. If no value is supplied, the  
Enum  
4
H
settings are applied to COM1.  
9600, 19200, 38400,  
57600, 115200, or  
3
4
H+4  
H+8  
bps  
Communication baud rate (bps)  
ULong  
Enum  
4
4
a
230400  
Parity. If not specified, no parity  
See Table 20 on Page 52.  
parity  
is assumed.  
5
6
7
8
9
databits  
stopbits  
7 or 8  
1 or 2  
Number of data bits  
Number of stop bits  
ULong  
ULong  
Enum  
Enum  
Enum  
4
4
4
4
4
H+12  
H+16  
H+20  
H+24  
H+28  
handshake See Table 21 on Page 52. Handshaking  
echo  
See Table 22 on Page 52. Echo ability  
break  
See Table 23 on Page 52. Break detection  
a. Baud rates higher than 115,200 bps are not supported by standard PC hardware. Special PC  
hardware is required for higher rates, such as 230,400 bps.  
Example:  
COM COM3 57600 N 8 1 N OFF ON  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
51  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                   
Chapter 5  
Commands  
Table 20: Parity Values  
ASCII  
Description  
N
E
No parity  
Even parity  
Odd parity  
O
Table 21: Handshaking Values  
ASCII Description  
N
No handshaking  
XON  
CTS  
XON/XOFF software handshaking  
CTS/RTS hardware handshaking  
Table 22: Echo Values  
Description  
ASCII  
OFF  
ON  
No echo  
Transmit any input characters as they  
are received.  
Table 23: Break Values  
ASCII  
Description  
Disable break detection  
Enable break detection  
OFF  
ON  
52  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
       
Commands  
Chapter 5  
5.3.6  
ECUTOFF Set Satellite Elevation Cut-off  
This command sets the elevation cut-off angle for tracked satellites. The receiver will not track a satellite until  
it rises above the cut-off angle. Tracked satellites that fall below the cut-off angle will no longer be tracked  
unless they were manually assigned using the ASSIGN command.  
In either case, satellites below the ECUTOFF angle will be eliminated from the internal position and clock  
offset solution computations.  
If the receiver has not yet received an almanac, satellites below the cut-off angle may be tracked.  
This command permits a negative cut-off angle, which could be used in these situations:  
•
•
the antenna is at a high altitude, and thus can look below the local horizon  
satellites are visible below the horizon due to atmospheric refraction  
ꢀ 1. This command only affects GPS satellites. GEO and Galileo satellites maintain their lock.  
2. Care must be taken when using ECUTOFF because the signals from lower elevation satellites are  
travelling through more atmosphere and are therefore degraded.  
Syntax:  
Message ID: 50  
ECUTOFF ANGLE  
Field  
Field  
Binary Binary  
Bytes Offset  
Valid Values  
Description  
Format  
Name  
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name. See  
1
2
header  
angle  
H
0
Section 4.1 on Page 31.  
Elevation cut-off angle  
relative to horizon in  
degrees.  
Float  
4
H
-90.0 to +90.0  
Example:  
ECUTOFF 10.0  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
53  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                 
Chapter 5  
Commands  
5.3.7  
EXTERNALCLOCK  
Overview  
The EXTERNALCLOCK command allows the EuroPak-15a to operate with an optional external oscillator.  
You are able to optimally adjust the clock model parameters of the receiver for various types of external clocks.  
ꢀ 1. This command will affect the interpretation of the CLOCKMODEL log, see Page 77.  
2. If the EXTERNALCLOCK command is enabled and set for an external clock (TCXO, OCXO,  
RUBIDIUM, CESIUM, or USER) and the CLOCKADJUST command, see Page 50, is  
ENABLED, then the clock steering process will take over the VARF output pins. If clocksteering  
is not used with the external oscillator, the clocksteering process must be disabled by using the  
CLOCKADJUST DISABLE command.  
There are three steps involved in using an external oscillator:  
1.  
2.  
3.  
Follow the procedure outlined in Chapter 2, Installation starting on Page 23 of this manual to  
connect an external oscillator to your EuroPak-15a enclosure.  
Using the EXTERNALCLOCK command, select a standard oscillator and its operating  
frequency.  
Using the CLOCKADJUST command, disable the clocksteering process if external  
clocksteering is not used.  
Theory  
An unsteered oscillator can be approximated by a three-state clock model, with two states representing the  
range bias and range bias rate, and a third state assumed to be a Gauss-Markov (GM) process representing the  
range bias error generated from satellite clock dither. The third state is included because the Kalman filter  
assumes an (unmodeled) white input error. The significant correlated errors produced by satellite clock dither  
are obviously not white and the Markov process is an attempt to handle this kind of short-term variation.  
The internal units of the new clock model’s three states (offset, drift and GM state) are meters, meters per  
second, and meters. When scaled to time units for the output log, these become seconds, seconds per second,  
and seconds, respectively. Note that the old units of the third clock state (drift rate) were meters per second per  
second.  
The user has control over 3 process noise elements of the linear portion of the clock model. Namely, the h , h ,  
0
-1  
and h elements of the power law spectral density model used to describe the frequency noise characteristics of  
-2  
oscillators:  
h–2 h–1  
2
Sy(f) = ------- + ------- + h0 + h1 f + h2 f  
f 2  
f
where f is the sampling frequency and S (f) is the clock’s power spectrum. Typically only h , h , and h affect  
y
0
-1  
-2  
the clock’s Allan variance and the clock model’s process noise elements.  
Usage  
Before using an optional external oscillator, several clock model parameters must be set. There are default  
settings for a voltage-controlled temperature-compensated crystal oscillator (VCTCXO), ovenized crystal  
oscillator (OCXO), Rubidium and Cesium standard, which are given in Table 25 on Page 55. Or, the user may  
choose to supply customized settings.  
54  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                   
Commands  
Chapter 5  
Abbreviated ASCII Syntax:  
EXTERNALCLOCK CLOCKTYPE [FREQ ][h0 [ h1 [ h2 ]]]  
Message ID: 230  
Field  
Type  
ASCII Binary  
Value Value  
Binary Binary Binary  
Field  
Description  
Format  
Bytes  
Offset  
1
header  
H
0
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name. See  
Section 4.1 on Page 31.  
2
3
clocktype  
freq  
See Table 24 on  
Page 55  
Clock type  
Enum  
4
4
H
0MHz  
5MHz  
10MHz  
20MHz  
0
1
2
3
Optional frequency. If a value is not Enum  
specified, the default is 5 MHz.  
H+4  
4
5
6
h0  
h1  
h2  
1.0 e-31 to 1.0 e-18 Optional timing standards. These  
fields are only valid when the USER  
Double  
Double  
Double  
8
8
8
H+8  
H+16  
H+24  
1.0 e-31 to 1.0 e-18  
clocktype is selected.  
1.0 e-31 to 1.0 e-18  
ASCII Example:  
EXTERNALCLOCK DISABLE  
or  
EXTERNALCLOCK USER 10MHZ 1.0167E-23 6.87621E-25 8.1762E-26  
or  
EXTERNALCLOCK TCXO 5MHZ  
Table 24: Clock Type  
ASCII  
DISABLE  
TCXO  
Binary  
Description  
0
1
2
3
4
5
Turns the external clock input off, reverts back to the on-board VCTCXO  
Sets the pre-defined values for a VCTCXO  
OCXO  
Sets the pre-defined values for an OCXO  
RUBIDIUM  
CESIUM  
USER  
Sets the pre-defined values for a rubidium oscillator  
Sets the pre-defined values for a cesium oscillator  
Defines custom process noise elements  
Table 25: Pre-Defined Values for Oscillators  
h
h
h
Clock Type  
VCTCXO  
0
-1  
-2  
1.0 e-21  
1.0 e-20  
1.0 e-20  
OCXO  
2.51 e-26  
1.0 e-23  
2.0 e-20  
2.51 e-23  
1.0 e-22  
7.0 e-23  
2.51 e-22  
1.3 e-26  
4.0 e-29  
Rubidium  
Cesium  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
55  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Chapter 5  
Commands  
5.3.8  
FIX Constrain to Fixed Position  
This command fixes position parameters for the EuroPak-15a. For various applications, fixing this value can  
assist in improving acquisition times and accuracy of position or corrections.  
Syntax:  
Message ID: 44  
FIX TYPE [ LAT LONG HEIGHT ]  
Field  
Name  
Binary Binary  
Field  
Valid Values  
Description  
Format  
Bytes  
Offset  
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name. See Section 4.1  
1
2
header  
H
0
on Page 31.  
type  
lat  
See Table 26 below.  
Fix type  
Enum  
4
8
H
Latitude parameter for a fixed  
position in degrees. Only entered  
when the fix type is set to  
POSITION.  
3
4
5
-90 to +90  
Double  
H+4  
Longitude parameter for a fixed  
position in degrees. Only entered  
when the fix type is set to  
POSITION.  
long  
-360 to +360  
Double  
Double  
8
8
H+12  
H+20  
Ellipsoidal height parameter for a  
fixed position in metres.Only  
entered when the fix type is set to  
POSITION.  
height  
-1000 to +20000000  
Example:  
FIX POSITION 51.116381983333 -114.03829231944 1048.215  
Table 26: Fix Type Values  
ASCII  
NONE  
POSITION  
Description  
Unfix or none. Clears any previous FIX commands.  
Configures the receiver with its position fixed.  
The receiver performs all computations based on WGS84, which is  
illustrated in Figure 4 on Page 57.  
56  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                 
Commands  
Chapter 5  
- Definitions -  
*
Origin = Earth's center of mass  
Parallel to the direction of the Conventional Terrestrial Pole (CTP) for  
polar motion, as defined by the Bureau International de l'Heure (BIH) on  
the basis of the coordinates adopted for the BIH stations.  
Z-Axis =  
Intersection of the WGS 84 Reference Meridian Plane and the plane of  
the CTP's Equator, the Reference Meridian being parallel to the Zero  
Meridian defined by the BIH on the basis of the coordinates adopted for  
the BIH stations.  
X-Axis =  
Completes a right-handed, earth-centered, earth-fixed (ECEF)  
orthogonal coordinate system, measured in the plane of the CTP  
Equator, 90 East of the X-Axis.  
Y -Axis =  
BIH - Defined CTP  
(1984.0)  
Z
WGS 84  
ω
Earth's Center  
of Mass  
BIH-Defined  
Zero Meridian  
(1984.0)  
Y
WGS 84  
X
WGS 84  
*
Analogous to the BIH Defined Conventional Terrestrial System (CTS), or BTS,  
1984.0.  
Figure 4: The WGS84 ECEF Coordinate System  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
57  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Chapter 5  
Commands  
5.3.9  
FRESET Clear Data in NVM  
This command clears data which is stored in the receiver’s non-volatile memory and restores the receiver to  
factory default settings. The receiver is forced to hardware reset.  
Syntax:  
Message ID: 20  
FRESET  
Field  
Name  
Binary Binary  
Field  
Valid Values  
Description  
Format  
Bytes  
Offset  
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name. See Section 4.1 on  
1
2
header  
H
0
Page 31.  
Reserved field required for Binary format only. Set to 0 when entering the  
Enum  
4
H
command in Binary.  
Example:  
FRESET  
58  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
           
Commands  
Chapter 5  
5.3.10 LOG Request Logs from Receiver  
Many different types of data can be logged using several different methods of triggering the log events. See  
Chapter 6, Data Logs starting on Page 70 for further information and a complete list of data log structures.  
The hold parameter, which is only valid when the ONTIME trigger is being used, will prevent a log from being  
removed when the UNLOGALL command is issued. To remove a log which was invoked using the hold  
parameter requires the specific use of the UNLOG command.  
The period and offset parameters are only valid when the ONTIME trigger is being used as well. For example,  
to log data at 1 second after every minute you would set the period to 60 and the offset to 1.  
ꢀ Maximum flexibility for logging data is provided to you by these logs. You are cautioned, however, to  
recognize that each log requested requires additional CPU time and memory buffer space. Too many logs  
may result in lost data and degraded CPU performance. Receiver overload can be monitored using the  
Buffer Over-run bits of the Receiver Status word in any log header.  
Syntax:  
Message ID: 1  
LOG [ PORT ] MESSAGE [ TRIGGER ] [ PERIOD [ OFFSET ] [ HOLD ] ]  
Valid Values  
Field  
Name  
Binary Binary  
Bytes Offset  
Field  
Description  
Format  
ASCII  
Binary  
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name. See Section 4.1 on  
1
2
header  
port  
H
0
Page 31.  
Serial port at which to  
output the log data.  
See Table 10 on Page 39.  
Enum  
4
2
H
Any valid message  
name, with a suffix to  
Any valid  
message ID  
3
H+4  
message specify the output format  
as explained in Section  
Log to output  
UShort  
4.2.3 on Page 35.  
message This field is only present in Binary format.  
type See Section 10 on Page 39.  
4
5
Message type of log.  
Char  
Char  
1
1
H+6  
H+7  
Reserved field required for Binary format only. Set to 0 when entering the  
command in Binary.  
Trigger, or condition,  
to generate log on.  
6
trigger  
See Table 27 on Page 60.  
Enum  
4
H+8  
Log period for  
ONTIME trigger in  
seconds  
7
8
period  
offset  
Any positive double value.  
Double  
Double  
8
8
H+12  
H+20  
Any positive double value smaller than  
the value specified in the period field.  
Offset for ONTIME  
trigger in seconds.  
Flag for whether or  
not the log is removed  
by the UNLOGALL  
command. Valid for  
ONTIME trigger only.  
9
hold  
See Table 28 on Page 60.  
Enum  
4
H+28  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
59  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                     
Chapter 5  
Examples:  
Commands  
LOG COM1 PSRPOSA ONTIME 7 2.5 HOLD  
LOG COM3 PRSPOSA ONCE  
The first example configures the EuroPak-15a to output the PSRPOS log in ASCII format to COM1 at 7 second  
intervals offset by 2.5 seconds (output at 2.5 seconds then 9.5 seconds and so on). The second example outputs  
the log only once on COM3.  
Table 27: Log Trigger Values  
ASCII  
ONNEW  
Binary  
Description  
Output when the message is updated (not  
necessarily changed).  
0
ONCHANGED  
ONTIME  
ONNEXT  
ONCE  
1
2
3
4
Output when the message is changed.  
Output on a time interval.  
Output only the next message.  
Output only the current message.  
Table 28: Log Hold Values  
ASCII  
Binary  
Description  
Allow log to be removed by the  
UNLOGALL command.  
NOHOLD  
0
Prevent log from being removed by the  
UNLOGALL command.  
HOLD  
1
60  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Commands  
Chapter 5  
5.3.11 POSITIONTYPE Set the Position Solution  
This command sets the position filter to compute the position on either the GPS L1 or GPS L5 frequencies. You  
can also obtain data from a specific frequency. Both position and navigation data are available on GPS L1 or  
GPS L5. The ephemeris and almanac are decoded on the selected frequency.  
When using simulated signals, if the L1 and L5 constellations are different, the receiver may drop signals that  
are not in view based on the almanac. For example, if the receiver is tracking PRN 15 on L5, the position type  
is set to GPSL1 and the L1 almanac indicates that PRN 15 is not in view, then the receiver stops tracking PRN  
15.  
To prevent this:  
•
•
•
Use the ASSIGN command, see Page 47, to force lock on the satellites  
Change the position type frequency with the POSITIONTYPE command, or  
Ensure the constellations in the simulations agree with what you expect to track  
ꢀ This command only affects GPS satellites. Galileo satellites maintain their lock.  
Syntax:  
Message ID: 836  
POSITIONTYPE FREQUENCY  
Field  
Binary Binary  
Field  
Valid Values  
Description  
Format  
Name  
header  
frequency  
Bytes  
Offset  
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name. See Section  
4.1 on Page 31.  
1
2
H
0
GPSL1 or GPSL5  
Position frequency, see Table 29 Enum  
4
H
Example:  
POSITIONTYPE GPSL1  
Table 29: Position Frequency Switch  
ASCII  
Description  
GPSL1  
GPSL5  
GPS L1 frequency  
GPS L5 frequency  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
61  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
       
Chapter 5  
Commands  
5.3.12 PULSEBLANKING Enable/Disable Pulse Blanking  
ꢀ The PULSEBLANKING command should only be used by advanced users.  
This command enables or disables digital pulse blanking. By default, the digital pulse blanking is enabled. The  
sensitivity of the digital pulse blanking may be adjusted using the switch field.  
Syntax:  
PULSEBLANKING  
Message ID: 519  
FREQUENCY  
SWITCH  
Field  
Name  
Binary  
Bytes  
Binary  
Offset  
Field  
Valid Values  
Description  
Format  
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name. See  
Section 4.1 on Page 31.  
1
header  
H
0
Pulse blanking frequency. See  
Table 30 below.  
Enum  
Ulong  
2
3
frequency  
switch  
4
4
H
L1 or L5  
0-127  
Pulse blanking switch using  
H+4  
thresholds. See Table 31 below.  
Examples:  
PULSEBLANKING L1 5  
Table 30: Frequency Switch  
Description  
ASCII  
L1  
GPS L1 and Galileo L1 frequency  
GPS L5 and Galileo E5a frequency  
L5  
Table 31: Pulse Blanking Switch  
ASCII  
0
Description  
Disable pulse blanking  
Enable pulse blanking  
1-127  
62  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
       
Commands  
Chapter 5  
5.3.13 RESET Hardware Reset  
This command performs a hardware reset. Following a RESET command, the receiver will initiate a cold-start  
bootup and will retain the most recent receiver configuration (that is, channel configuration).  
The optional delay field is used to set the number of seconds the receiver is to wait before resetting.  
Syntax:  
Message ID: 18  
RESET [ DELAY ]  
Field  
Field  
Binary Binary  
Valid Values  
Description  
Format  
Name  
Bytes  
Offset  
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name. See Section 4.1 on  
1
2
header  
delay  
H
0
Page 31.  
Seconds to wait before resetting. If no  
Any ulong value.  
value is provided, the default of 0  
seconds is assumed.  
ULong  
4
H
Example:  
RESET 5  
See also the FRESET command.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
63  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
     
Chapter 5  
Commands  
5.3.14 SDLLBW Configure DLL Filter Bandwidth  
This is the noise equivalent bandwidth command for the signal channel DLL filter bandwidth.  
ꢀ 1. The SDLLBW command should only be used by advanced users. It may not be suitable for every  
application. When using SDLLBW in a differential mode, the same setting should be used at both the  
monitor and remote station.  
2. When you issue the SDLLBW command, all channels lose lock and the locktime for all tracking  
satellites is reset to zero.  
3. The measurement becomes noisier as the DLL bandwidth increases.  
Syntax:  
Message ID: 800  
SDLLBW DSIGCHAN  
BW  
Field  
Field  
Binary Binary  
Bytes Offset  
Valid Values  
Description  
Format  
Name  
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name. See  
1
2
3
header  
dsigchan  
bw  
H
0
Section 4.1 on Page 31.  
The parameters should be applied  
0-15  
Ulong  
Float  
4
4
H
to this signal channel.  
Noise equivalent bandwidth of  
DLL filter in Hz.  
H+4  
0.001-0.5  
Example:  
SDLLBW 0 0.01  
64  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Commands  
Chapter 5  
5.3.15 SPLLBW Configure Phase-Lock-Loop Bandwidth  
ꢀ 1. This command can fundamentally change the way that the receiver operates. Do not alter the default  
settings unless you are confident that you understand the consequences.  
2. When you change this command, the selected channel loses lock and the locktime for its tracking  
satellite is reset to zero.  
3. The log order for the C/A signal is 3rd order.  
This command sets the PLL low-pass filter bandwidth for one signal channel.  
A time filtered square of the L1 carrier phase tracking loop error signal is used to track the performance of this  
tracking loop. This value is used as the variance of L1 carrier phase measurements. The threshold specified by  
this command is compared with the loop variance to determine when the signal tracking lock time is reset. The  
resetting of the signal lock time is used to indicate that conditions exist in which a cycle slip might occur.  
The time filtering that is performed on the loop variance determination is controlled using the third argument of  
this command. This value is used to compute the first order time constant that provides a noise equivalent  
bandwidth for the specified bandwidth. The filtering equation used is:  
-ΔTω  
-ΔTω  
new value = e  
× (old data) + (1 - e  
) × (new data)  
where  
ΔT = the PLL sampling rate, and  
ω = 4 × filter constant  
Syntax:  
Message ID: 801  
SPLLBW PSIGCHAN BW  
Field  
Name  
Binary Binary  
Bytes Offset  
Field  
Valid Values  
Description  
Format  
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name. See Section 4.1  
on Page 31.  
1
header  
H
0
The parameters should be applied to  
2
3
psigchan  
bw  
0-15  
Ulong  
4
4
H
this signal channel.  
PLL low-pass filter bandwidth in Hz. Float  
H+4  
See Table 32 below.  
Example:  
SPLLBW 0 1.0  
Table 32: PLL Bandwidth Values  
Frequency  
Valid Bandwidth Values  
GPS C/A signals  
Galileo L1 signals  
Galileo E5a signals  
0.5 to 15 Hz  
0.5 to 15 Hz  
0.5 to 15 Hz  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
65  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
         
Chapter 5  
Commands  
5.3.16 STHRESHOLD Control Signal Thresholds  
This command controls signal acquisition and steady-state-lock signal thresholds. The sigchan, acqui, lock and  
crosscorr fields must have values. They set the thresholds for the specified L1 channel.  
See also Table 56 on Page 120 for the mapping of signal channels.  
ꢀ When you change this command, the selected channel loses lock and the locktime for its tracking satellite  
is reset to zero.  
Syntax:  
Message ID: 803  
STHRESHOLD SIGCHAN ACQUI LOCK CROSSCORR  
Field  
Name  
Binary Binary  
Field  
Valid Values  
Description  
Format  
Bytes  
Offset  
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name. See Section  
1
2
header  
H
0
4.1 on Page 31.  
The parameters should be applied  
sigchan  
0-15  
Ulong  
4
H+20  
to this signal channel.  
Acquisition power threshold in  
dBHz.  
3
4
acqui  
lock  
25-80  
10-80  
ULong  
ULong  
4
4
H
Steady-state tracking lock  
threshold in dBHz.  
H+4  
Specifies the cross-correlation  
power threshold in dBHz, at which ULong  
point, the checks are performed.  
5
crosscorr  
4
H+8  
10-80  
Example:  
STHRESHOLD 0 35 20 35  
66  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
     
Commands  
Chapter 5  
5.3.17 UNASSIGN Unassign a Previously Assigned Channel  
This command cancels a previously issued ASSIGN command and the SV channel reverts to automatic control.  
Syntax:  
Message ID: 29  
UNASSIGN CHANNEL  
Field  
Field  
Binary Binary  
Valid Values  
Description  
Format  
Name  
Bytes  
Offset  
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name. See Section 4.1  
on Page 31.  
1
header  
H
0
Previously selected SV channel  
to apply automatic search and  
2
3
channel 0 to 15  
ULong  
Enum  
4
4
H
acquisition mode, see also  
Table 56 on Page 120.  
Reserved field required for Binary format only. Set to 2 when entering the  
H+4  
command in Binary.  
Example:  
UNASSIGN 11  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
67  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
     
Chapter 5  
Commands  
5.3.18 UNLOG Remove Log from Logging Control  
This command permits you to remove a specific log request from the system.  
Syntax:  
Message ID: 36  
UNLOG [ PORT ] DATATYPE  
Valid Values  
Field  
Binary Binary  
Field  
Description  
Format  
Name  
Bytes  
Offset  
ASCII  
Binary  
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name. See Section 4.1  
on Page 31.  
1
header  
H
0
Serial port at which log is  
being output. If a value is  
2
3
port  
See Section 10 on Page 39.  
Enum  
4
4
H
not provided, COM1 is  
assumed.  
datatype Message name  
Message ID  
Log to be disabled.  
ULong  
H+4  
Example:  
UNLOG COM3 PSRPOSA  
68  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
     
Commands  
Chapter 5  
5.3.19 UNLOGALL Remove All Logs from Logging Control  
This command disables all logs on the specified port only. All other ports are unaffected.  
ꢀ This command does not disable logs that have the HOLD attribute set. (See the LOG command in Section  
5.3.10 on Page 59 for more information on this attribute). To disable logs with the HOLD attribute, use the  
UNLOG command.  
Syntax:  
Message ID: 38  
UNLOGALL [ PORT ]  
Field  
Name  
Binary Binary  
Field  
Valid Values  
Description  
Format  
Bytes  
Offset  
This field contains the Abbreviated ASCII command name. See Section 4.1 on  
Page 31.  
1
header  
H
0
Serial port at which logging is to  
2
3
port  
See Table 10 on Page 39.  
disabled. If a value is not provided,  
Enum  
Enum  
4
4
H
COM1 is assumed.  
Reserved (always 0).  
H+4  
Example:  
UNLOGALL  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
69  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
         
Chapter 6  
Data Logs  
6.1 Functional Listing of Logs  
Table 33 lists the logs by function and provides the type of each log. The valid types are discussed in Section  
4.2.1 on Page 34.  
Table 33: Logs By Function  
Log  
Description  
Type  
GENERAL RECEIVER CONTROL AND STATUS  
AGCSTATS  
Automatic gain control status  
Synch  
Polled  
Synch  
Synch  
Polled  
RXCOMMANDS  
RXSECSTATUS  
SYSTEMLEVELS  
VERSION  
Receiver configuration information  
Receiver section status  
System hardware levels  
Receiver hardware and software version numbers  
POSITION, PARAMETERS, AND SOLUTION FILTERING CONTROL  
PSRPOS  
Position data  
Synch  
CLOCK INFORMATION, STATUS, AND TIME  
Range bias information  
CLOCKMODEL  
TIME  
Synch  
Synch  
Receiver time information  
POST PROCESSING DATA  
Satellite range information  
RANGE  
Synch  
SATELLITE TRACKING AND CHANNEL CONTROL  
Current decoded almanac data  
Satellite range information  
ALMANAC  
RANGE  
Asynch  
Synch  
RAWEPHEM  
RAWFRAME  
SATVIS  
Raw ephemeris  
Asynch  
Asynch  
Synch  
Raw subframes  
Satellite azimuth and elevation angle data  
Channel tracking information  
TRACKSTAT  
Synch  
70  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                       
Data Logs  
Chapter 6  
6.2 Log Summary  
The available logs are listed alphabetically in Table 34.  
Table 34: Log Summary  
Message ID  
Log Name  
Description  
AGCSTATS  
ALMANAC  
630  
73  
Automatic gain control status  
Current decoded almanac data  
Current clock model matrices  
Position data  
CLOCKMODEL  
PSRPOS  
16  
47  
RANGE  
43  
Satellite range information  
Raw ephemeris  
RAWEPHEM  
RAWFRAME  
RXCOMMANDS  
RXSECSTATUS  
SATVIS  
41  
804  
579  
638  
48  
Raw subframes  
Receiver configuration information  
Receiver section status  
Satellite azimuth and elevation angle data  
System hardware levels  
SYSTEMLEVELS  
TIME  
653  
101  
83  
Receiver time information  
Channel tracking information  
Receiver hardware and software version numbers  
TRACKSTAT  
VERSION  
37  
6.3 Log Reference  
For each log, the recommended input command for generating the log is provided. The recommended  
command is shown in ASCII format, unless otherwise specified. An example of the log output, in ASCII format,  
is provided for each recommended input.  
ꢀ All logs are followed by a carriage return and line feed. However, in some of the examples, carriage  
returns have been inserted in the middle of the log to clearly indicate different data sets.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
71  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
         
Chapter 6  
Data Logs  
6.3.1  
AGCSTATS Automatic Gain Control Status  
This log provides status information for the automatic gain control mechanism and details of the parameters it  
is currently using.  
Log Type: Synch  
Message ID: 630  
Field  
Field  
Binary  
Bytes  
Binary  
Offset  
Data Description  
Format  
Name  
This field contains the message header, in ASCII or Binary format.  
See Section 4.3 on Page 35.  
1
header  
H
0
2
# RF decks Number of RF decks reported in this message.  
Ulong  
4
4
4
4
4
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
H
3
AGCword  
gain  
AGC status word (see Table 35 on Page 73)  
Ulong  
H+4  
4
AGC gain (0 to 99999)  
Ulong  
H+8  
5
pulse width VARF pulse width  
Ulong  
H+12  
H+16  
H+20  
H+28  
H+36  
H+44  
H+52  
H+60  
H+68  
H+76  
H+84  
6
modulus  
bin1  
VARF modulus  
Ulong  
7
A/D bin 1 (decimal percentage)  
A/D bin 2 (decimal percentage)  
A/D bin 3 (decimal percentage)  
A/D bin 4 (decimal percentage)  
A/D bin 5 (decimal percentage)  
A/D bin 6 (decimal percentage)  
Double  
Double  
Double  
Double  
Double  
Double  
Double  
Double  
Double  
8
bin2  
9
bin3  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16...  
bin4  
bin5  
bin6  
noise floor Calculated noise floor  
Reserved  
Next RF deck, offset = H+ 4 + (#RF *88) Bytes  
32-bit CRC (ASCII and Binary only)  
H+ 4  
(#RF*88)  
Hex  
4
72  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Data Logs  
Chapter 6  
Table 35: AGC Status Word  
Description Bit = 0  
Bit  
Bit = 1  
0
Jam Detected  
Jamming Not Present  
Jamming Present  
1
AGC Calibrated  
Coarse Calibration = 0  
Fine Calibration = 1  
2
3
RF Type  
1 = L1  
2 = L2  
3 = L5/E5a  
4
5
6
ADC Range indicates which 3 bits of the 0 = Bits 7, 6, 5  
8-bit ADC output are currently being  
used by the receiver.  
1 = Bits 7, 5, 4  
2 = Bits 7, 4, 3  
3 = Bits 7, 3, 2  
4 = Bits 7, 2, 1  
5 = Bits 7, 1, 0  
7
8
9
Method of Noise Floor Calculation  
1 = AGC  
2 = Post Correlation  
3 = …  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
20  
21  
22  
23  
24  
25  
26  
27  
28  
29  
30  
31  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
73  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Chapter 6  
Data Logs  
Recommended Input:  
LOG AGCSTATSA ONTIME 10  
Example Output:  
#AGCSTATSA,COM1,0,78.0,FINE,338,320316.822,00A00000,0000,33331;  
2,  
28A,8493,3893,8000,0.0383,0.1064,0.2175,0.2853,0.2162,0.1364,  
1283057.375000,-0.009275,0.000000,  
29A,8037,3437,8000,0.0905,0.1543,0.2492,0.2490,0.1627,0.0944,  
1273863.750000,-0.008741,0.000000*A05AE5E7  
74  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Data Logs  
Chapter 6  
6.3.2  
ALMANAC Decoded Almanac  
This log contains the decoded almanac parameters for the frequency specified in the POSITIONTYPE  
command, see Page 61. Multiple messages are transmitted, one for each SV almanac collected. For more  
information on Almanac data, refer to the GPS SPS Signal Specification. A list of standards and references  
with contact information can be found in the GPS+ Reference Manual available on our website at http://  
www.novatel.com/support/docupdates.htm.  
Log Type: Asynch  
Message ID: 73  
Field  
Field  
Binary  
Bytes  
Binary  
Offset  
Description  
Format  
Name  
This field contains the message header, in ASCII or Binary format.  
See Section 4.3 on Page 35.  
1
header  
H
0
2
3
4
5
6
#msg  
PRN  
The number of satellite PRN almanac data sets to follow. Long  
Satellite PRN number for current message, dimensionless ULong  
4
4
4
8
8
H
H+4  
H+8  
H+12  
H+20  
week  
seconds  
ecc  
Almanac reference week (GPS week number)  
Almanac reference time, seconds into the week  
Eccentricity, dimensionless  
ULong  
Double  
Double  
°
7
8
Rate of right ascension, radians/second  
Right ascension, radians  
Double  
Double  
8
8
H+28  
H+36  
ω
ω0  
ω
9
Argument of perigee, radians  
Double  
Double  
Double  
8
8
8
H+44  
H+52  
H+60  
o
10  
11  
M
Mean anomaly of reference time, radians  
Clock aging parameter, seconds  
a
fo  
a
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
20...  
Clock aging parameter, seconds/second  
Corrected mean motion, radians/second  
Semi-major axis, meters  
Double  
Double  
Double  
Double  
ULong  
ULong  
ULong  
Enum  
8
8
8
8
4
4
4
4
H+68  
f1  
N
H+76  
A
H+84  
incl-angle  
SV config  
health-prn  
health-alm  
antispoof  
Angle of inclination relative to 0.3 π, radians  
Satellite configuration  
H+92  
H+100  
H+104  
H+108  
H+112  
SV health from subframe 4 or 5  
SV health from almanac  
Anti-spoofing flag, see Table 17 on Page 46  
Next almanac data set, offset = H + 4 + (# previous msg x 112)  
H + 4 +  
(112 x  
#msg)  
21  
32-bit CRC (ASCII and Binary only)  
Hex  
4
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
75  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                         
Chapter 6  
Data Logs  
Recommended Input:  
LOG ALMANACA ONCHANGED  
ASCII Example:  
#ALMANACA,COM1,0,78.0,SATTIME,338,320004.000,00A00000,0000,33331;  
29,  
1,338,503808.0,6.318092E-03,-7.60031658E-09,-1.96827599E+00,  
-1.70715209E+00,-1.27284116E+00,3.71932983E-05,3.63797881E-12,  
1.45856914E-04,2.65599916E+07,4.42098057E-02,1,0,0,TRUE,  
2,338,503808.0,9.141445E-03,-8.26320134E-09,2.18251798E+00,  
1.97852363E+00,1.88691247E-01,-1.81198120E-05,0.00000000E+000,  
1.45860977E-04,2.65594983E+07,8.63463404E-03,1,0,0,FALSE,  
3,338,503808.0,7.876873E-03,-8.11462372E-09,1.04690369E+00,  
6.62592815E-01,-6.81532759E-01,7.53402710E-05,3.63797881E-12,  
1.45858780E-04,2.65597651E+07,-1.61187825E-02,1,0,0,TRUE,  
4,338,503808.0,7.454395E-03,-8.27463039E-09,2.20228558E+00,  
1.45160422E-01,2.49410670E+00,1.52587891E-04,1.09139364E-11,  
1.45848996E-04,2.65609528E+07,8.20919406E-03,1,0,0,FALSE,  
...  
27,338,503808.0,1.979542E-02,-8.16033991E-09,-1.01833966E+00,  
-1.95538209E+00,2.34013039E+00,3.62396240E-05,0.00000000E+000,  
1.45857411E-04,2.65599312E+07,1.44709516E-02,1,0,0,FALSE,  
28,338,503808.0,1.103687E-02,-7.84032658E-09,1.06756599E-01,  
-2.28547146E+00,1.17978552E+00,3.33786011E-05,0.00000000E+000,  
1.45859194E-04,2.65597148E+07,1.80602269E-02,1,0,0,TRUE,  
29,338,503808.0,9.426594E-03,-7.60031658E-09,-2.01631026E+00,  
-9.70531593E-01,7.15315540E-01,5.36918640E-04,1.09139364E-11,  
1.45855712E-04,2.65601375E+07,4.33289651E-02,1,0,0,TRUE,  
30,338,503808.0,8.715153E-03,-8.02319134E-09,5.43083877E-02,  
1.29254172E+00,1.52598431E+00,2.57492065E-05,3.63797881E-12,  
1.45865786E-04,2.65589145E+07,2.19311316E-03,1,0,0,FALSE  
*2E0D3E7A  
76  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Data Logs  
Chapter 6  
6.3.3  
CLOCKMODEL Current Clock Model Status  
The CLOCKMODEL log contains the current clock-model status of the receiver.  
Monitoring the CLOCKMODEL log will allow you to determine the error in your receiver reference oscillator  
as compared to the GPS satellite reference.  
All logs report GPS time not corrected for local receiver clock error. To derive the closest GPS time, subtract  
the clock offset from the GPS time reported. The clock offset can be calculated by dividing the value of the  
range bias given in field 6 of the CLOCKMODEL log by the speed of light (c).  
The following symbols are used throughout this section:  
B =  
Range bias (m)  
BR = Range bias rate (m/s)  
SAB = Gauss-Markov process representing range bias error due to SA clock dither (m)  
The standard clock model now used is as follows:  
clock parameters array = [ B BR SAB]  
covariance matrix =  
2
σ
σ
σ
σ
σ
B
B
BR  
B
SAB  
2
σ
σ
σ
σ
σ
BR  
B
BR  
BR SAB  
2
σ
σ
σ
σ
σ
SAB  
B
SAB BR  
SAB  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
77  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                   
Chapter 6  
Log Type: Synch  
Data Logs  
Message ID: 16  
Binary  
Bytes  
Binary  
Offset  
Field  
Field Name  
header  
Description  
Format  
This field contains the message header, in ASCII or Binary format.  
See Section 4.3 on Page 35.  
1
H
0
Clock model status as computed from current  
Enum  
2
clock status  
4
H
measurement data. See Table 36 on Page 79.  
3
reject  
Number of rejected range bias measurements  
GPS time of last noise addition  
GPS time of last update  
ULong  
GPSec  
GPSec  
4
4
4
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
H+4  
4
noise time  
update time  
H+8  
5
H+12  
H+16  
H+24  
H+32  
H+40  
H+48  
H+56  
H+64  
H+72  
H+80  
H+88  
H+96  
H+104  
6
Clock correction parameters (a 1x3 array of length 3),  
listed left-to-right  
7
parameters  
Double  
8
9
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
Covariance of the straight line fit (a 3x3 array of length  
9), listed left-to-right by rows  
cov data  
Double  
Last instantaneous measurement of the range bias  
(meters)  
18  
19  
range bias  
range bias rate  
change  
Double  
Double  
8
8
H+112  
H+120  
Last instantaneous measurement of the range bias rate  
(m/s)  
Indicates whether or not there is a change in the  
constellation. See Table 37 on Page 79.  
20  
21  
Enum  
Hex  
4
4
H+128  
H+132  
32-bit CRC (ASCII and Binary only)  
78  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
       
Data Logs  
Chapter 6  
Recommended Input:  
LOG CLOCKMODELA ONTIME 1  
Example Output:  
#CLOCKMODELA,COM1,0,55.0,FINE,1048,497224.500,  
00000128,879E,0;VALID,0,497224.500,497224.500,6.59596736E-01,-  
9.29232987E-02,-3.40165918E+00,4.63006778E+02,1.19966616E+00,-  
4.50054493E+02,1.19966616E+00,2.15673338E-01,-7.90256149E-01,-  
4.50054493E+02,-7.90256149E-01,4.76057122E+02,-2.902,-1.03659974E-  
01,FALSE*f33b4465  
Table 36: Clock Model Status Values  
ASCII  
VALID  
Binary  
Description  
The clock model is valid  
0
1
2
3
4
CONVERGING  
ITERATING  
INVALID  
The clock model is near validity  
The clock model is iterating towards validity  
The clock model is not valid  
Clock model error  
ERROR  
Table 37: Constellation Change Flag Values  
ASCII  
FALSE  
Binary  
Description  
0
1
There has not been a change in the constellation  
The constellation has changed  
TRUE  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
79  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Chapter 6  
Data Logs  
6.3.4  
PSRPOS Pseudorange Position  
This log contains the pseudorange position computed by the receiver, along with three status flags.  
Log Type: Synch  
Message ID: 47  
Field  
Name  
Binary Binary  
Field  
Description  
Format  
Bytes  
Offset  
This field contains the message header, in ASCII or Binary format.  
See Section 4.3 on Page 35.  
1
header  
H
0
2
3
4
5
6
7
sol status  
pos type  
lat  
Enum  
Enum  
Double  
Double  
Double  
Float  
4
4
8
8
8
4
H
Solution status. See Table 38 on Page 81.  
Position type. See Table 39 on Page 81.  
Latitude (percentage degrees)  
H+4  
H+8  
H+16  
H+24  
H+32  
lon  
Longitude (percentage degrees)  
Height above ellipsoid (m)  
hgt  
Reserved  
datum id#  
Datum ID number. This will always be 61 for the WGS84  
coordinate system.  
8
9
Enum  
4
H+36  
lat σ  
Float  
Float  
4
4
H+40  
H+44  
Latitude standard deviation (m)  
10  
lon σ  
Longitude standard deviation (m)  
Height standard deviation (m)  
11  
12  
13  
14  
hgt σ  
Float  
4
4
4
4
H+48  
H+52  
H+56  
H+60  
Char[4]  
Float  
Reserved  
Float  
Number of observations tracked for signal type being  
used in position solution.  
15  
#obs  
UChar  
1
H+64  
16  
17  
18  
19  
20  
21  
22  
#obs in pos Number of observations used in position  
UChar  
UChar  
UChar  
UChar  
UChar  
UChar  
UChar  
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
H+65  
H+66  
H+67  
H+68  
H+69  
H+70  
H+71  
Reserved  
23  
32-bit CRC (ASCII and Binary only)  
Hex  
4
H+72  
80  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
         
Data Logs  
Chapter 6  
Recommended Input:  
LOG PSRPOSA ONTIME 1  
Example Output:  
#PSRPOSA,COM1,0,58.0,FINE,1027,324231.000,00000000,FC91,0;  
SOL_COMPUTED,SINGLE,51.11615533807,-114.03850611829,1010.452,-  
16.271,61,19.50677306162,14.52973740177,39.584,”0”,0.0,60.000,9,8,  
8,1,0,0,0,0*de152df7  
Table 38: Solution Status Values  
ASCII  
Binary  
Description  
SOL_COMPUTED  
INSUFFICIENT_OBS  
NO_CONVERGENCE  
SINGULARITY  
0
1
2
3
4
Solution computed  
Insufficient observations  
No convergence  
Singularity at parameters matrix  
Covariance trace exceeds maximum (trace > 1000 m)  
CONV_TRACE  
Test distance exceeded (maximum of 3 rejections if  
distance > 10 km)  
TEST_DIST  
COLD_START  
V_H_LIMIT  
5
6
7
Not yet converged from cold start  
Height or velocity limits exceeded (in accordance with  
COCOM export licensing restrictions)  
VARIANCE  
8
9
Variance exceeds limits  
Residuals are too large  
Delta position is too large  
Negative variance  
RESIDUALS  
DELTA_POS  
NEGATIVE_VAR  
10  
11  
Table 39: Position Type Values  
ASCII  
Binary  
Description  
NONE  
0
No solution  
Position has been fixed by the FIX POSITION command  
FIXEDPOS  
SINGLE  
1
or by position averaging  
16  
Single point position  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
81  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
       
Chapter 6  
Data Logs  
6.3.5  
RANGE Satellite Range Information  
RANGE contains the channel measurements for the currently tracked satellites. When using this log, please  
keep in mind the constraints noted along with the description.  
It is important to ensure that the receiver clock model is valid. This can be monitored by the bits in the Receiver  
Status field of the log header. Large jumps in pseudorange as well as accumulated Doppler range (ADR) will  
occur as the clock is being adjusted. If the ADR measurement is being used in precise phase processing, it is  
important not to use the ADR if the parity known flag in the ch-tr-status field is not set as there may exist a half  
(1/2) cycle ambiguity on the measurement. The tracking error estimate of the pseudorange and carrier phase  
(ADR) is the thermal noise of the receiver tracking loops only. It does not account for possible multipath errors  
or atmospheric delays.  
If a PRN is being tracked on more than one signal (GPS L1, GPS L5, Galileo L1 or Galileo E5a) multiple  
entries with the same PRN will appear in the range logs. As shown in Table 40 on Page 84, these entries can be  
differentiated by bits 21-22 of the ch-tr-status field, which denote whether the observation is for GPS L1, GPS  
L5, Galileo L1 or Galileo E5a. This is to aid in parsing data.  
Log Type: Synch  
Message ID: 43  
Field  
Name  
Binary  
Bytes  
Binary  
Offset  
Field  
Description  
Format  
This field contains the message header, in ASCII or Binary format. See  
1
2
header  
H
0
Section 4.3 on Page 35.  
# obs  
Number of data sets to follow.  
Long  
4
H
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
PRN  
Satellite PRN number of range measurement.  
UShort  
UShort  
Double  
Float  
2
2
8
4
8
4
4
H+4  
Reserved  
psr  
H+6  
Pseudorange measurement (m).  
H+8  
psr std  
adr  
Pseudorange measurement standard deviation (m).  
Carrier phase, in cycles (accumulated Doppler range).  
Estimated carrier phase standard deviation (cycles).  
Instantaneous carrier Doppler frequency (Hz).  
Carrier to noise density ratio  
H+16  
H+20  
H+28  
H+32  
Double  
Float  
adr std  
dopp  
Float  
C/N  
0
10  
11  
Float  
4
4
4
H+36  
H+40  
H+44  
C/N = 10[log (S/N )] (dB-Hz)  
0
10  
0
Number of seconds of continuous tracking (no cycle  
slipping).  
locktime  
Float  
ch-tr-  
status  
12  
Tracking status. See Table 40 on Page 84.  
ULong  
13...  
Next data set, offset = H + 4 + (# previous obs x 44)  
H+4+  
(#obs x  
44)  
variable 32-bit CRC (ASCII and Binary only)  
Hex  
4
82  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                                         
Data Logs  
Chapter 6  
Recommended Input:  
LOG RANGEA ONTIME 30  
Example Output:  
#RANGEA,COM1,0,86.0,FREEWHEELING,336,158190.000,00E80000,0000,33331  
;6,  
7,0,23349304.589,0.280,-122701400.419,0.008,-2905.889,43.4,  
7344.640,08005C04,  
2,0,20669493.328,0.159,-108618920.523,0.005,-1639.363,48.4,  
7343.750,08005C24,  
25,0,24880354.627,0.376,-130747143.832,0.009,370.102,40.9,  
1179.550,08005C44,  
5,0,21128558.586,0.141,-111031319.590,0.004,-2245.102,49.4,  
7340.550,08005C64,  
6,0,22572830.405,0.307,-118621049.557,0.008,2665.866,42.7,  
3916.040,08005C84,  
30,0,20727099.269,0.179,-108921652.406,0.004,-196.892,47.3,  
6596.850,08005CA4*FAE4A508  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
83  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Chapter 6  
Nibble #  
N0  
Data Logs  
Table 40: Channel Tracking Status  
Description  
Bit #  
Mask  
Range Value  
0
0x00000001  
0x00000002  
0x00000004  
0x00000008  
0x00000010  
0x00000020  
0x00000040  
0x00000080  
0x00000100  
0x00000200  
0x00000400  
0x00000800  
0x00001000  
0x00002000  
0x00004000  
0x00008000  
0x00010000  
0x00020000  
0x00040000  
1
0 to 22  
See Table 41 on Page 85  
2
Tracking state  
3
4
5
N1  
N2  
N3  
N4  
6
0-n (0 = first, n = last)  
n depends on the receiver  
7
SV channel number  
8
9
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
20  
21  
22  
23  
24  
25  
26  
27  
Phase lock flag  
Parity known flag  
Code locked flag  
0 = Not locked, 1 = Locked  
0 = Not known, 1 = Known  
0 = Not locked, 1 = Locked  
Correlator spacing  
Satellite system  
See Table 42 on Page 85  
0 = GPS  
1, 4-7 = Reserved  
2 = GEO  
3 = Galileo  
Reserved (always 0)  
Reserved (always 0)  
0x00200000  
N5  
N6  
If GPS/GEO:  
0 = L1 C/A  
If Galileo:  
0x00400000  
0 = L1 dataless  
5 = L2 P  
1 = L1 data  
Signal Type  
(depends on satellite system)  
0x00800000  
0x01000000  
0x02000000  
0x04000000  
9 = L2 P codeless  
14 = L5 C5 dataless  
26 = L5 C5 data  
10 = E5a dataless  
11 = E5a data  
15 = E5b dataless  
30 = L5 C5 combined 16 = E5b data  
Forward Error Correction (FEC)  
0 = Not FEC, 1 = FEC  
Reserved (always 0)  
Continued on Page 85  
84  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Data Logs  
Chapter 6  
Nibble #  
Bit #  
28  
Mask  
Description  
Range Value  
0x10000000  
0x20000000  
Reserved for future use  
29  
30  
31  
N7  
Reserved (always 0)  
0x80000000 Channel assignment  
0 = Automatic, 1 = Forced  
Table 41: Tracking State Bit Values  
Bit Value  
Description  
0
1
Idle  
Sky search  
2
Wide frequency band pull-in  
Narrow frequency band pull-in  
PLL  
3
4
5
Reacquisition  
6
Steering  
7
Frequency-lock loop  
Reserved  
8-14  
15  
Neumann-Hoffman alignment  
Table 42: Correlator Spacing Bit Values  
Bit Value  
Description  
0
1
2
3
4
Reserved  
Standard correlator: spacing > 0.1 chip  
Narrow correlator: spacing = 0.1 chip  
Reserved  
Reserved  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
85  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Chapter 6  
Data Logs  
6.3.6  
RAWEPHEM Raw Ephemeris  
This log contains the raw binary information for subframes one, two and three from a satellite with the parity  
information removed. Each subframe is 240 bits long (10 words - 24 bits each) and the log contains a total 720  
bits (90 bytes) of information (240 bits x 3 subframes). This information is preceded by the PRN number of the  
satellite from which it originated. This message is not generated unless all 10 words from all 3 frames have  
passed parity.  
Ephemeris data whose Time Of Ephemeris (TOE) is older than six hours is not shown.  
Log Type: Asynch  
Message ID: 41  
Binary Binary  
Bytes Offset  
Field Field Name  
Description  
Format  
This field contains the message header, in ASCII or Binary  
format. See Section 4.3 on Page 35.  
1
header  
H
0
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
prn  
Satellite PRN number  
Ephemeris reference week number  
Ephemeris reference time (seconds.)  
Subframe 1 data.  
Ulong  
Ulong  
Ulong  
Hex  
4
H
ref week  
ref secs  
4
H+4  
4
H+8  
subframe1  
subframe2  
subframe3  
30  
30  
32  
4
H+12  
H+42  
H+72  
H+104  
Subframe 2 data.  
Hex  
Subframe 3 data.  
Hex  
32-bit CRC (ASCII and Binary only)  
Hex  
Recommended Input:  
LOG RAWEPHEMA ONCHANGED  
Example Output:  
#RAWEPHEMA,COM1,7,76.5,SATTIME,338,338430.000,00A00000,0000,33331;  
29,338,345600,8B05486E2B255490003CD3E8731DDB8A24F57C45F225546000006  
946137A0000000000,8B05486E2BA8250A4E2BB771090CD2097204D3A7FB1250A10  
D95B354607D000000B2EA,8B05486E2C2F0072ADE5E6AE005C2829DA2F1B93D8620  
667FFAAFC250D9A0000000000*D413845E  
...  
#RAWEPHEMA,COM1,4,76.5,SATTIME,338,338430.000,00A00000,0000,33331;  
10,338,345584,8B05486E2B255490003CD3E8731DDB8A24F57C45FB94545F00000  
50A52E70000000000,8B05486E2BA894FC2A2D01670FCEA8FCC0039DF4691822A10  
C7F8E545F2B000000B2EA,8B05486E2C2FFFBA8488C0FDFFD127BDA71614E90FD78  
438FFABE494F11E0000000000*6854985A  
...  
#RAWEPHEMA,COM1,0,76.5,SATTIME,338,338430.000,00A00000,0000,33331;  
15,338,345600,8B05486E2B255492012CD3E8731DDB8A24F57C45FB56546000003  
44A40460000000000,8B05486E2BA856FD4936E4E87361D4FD2F04D0F1270900A10  
DA76554607C000000B2EA,8B05486E2C2FFFFD5C183A3FFFBE27061AC724B767F70  
A30FFA2F056FDD40000000000*71B1AC43  
86  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                   
Data Logs  
Chapter 6  
6.3.7  
RAWFRAME Raw Subframes  
This log contains the raw subframes. The subframes are output even when there are parity failures.  
Log Type: Asynch Message ID: 804  
Binary Binary  
Bytes Offset  
Field  
Field Name  
Description  
Format  
This field contains the message header, in ASCII or Binary  
1
2
header  
H
0
format. See Section 4.3 on Page 35.  
The parameters should be applied to this  
signal channel.  
sigchan  
PRN  
ULong  
4
H
3
4
5
6
7
Satellite PRN number  
ULong  
4
4
4
4
H+4  
#parity failures Number of words that had parity failures  
Ulong  
H+12  
H+8  
#bits in frame  
#bytes  
Number of bits in subframe  
Number of bytes to follow  
Raw subframe data  
ULong  
Ulong  
H+16  
H+20  
a
data  
Hex[variable]  
40  
8
32-bit CRC (ASCII and Binary only)  
Hex  
4
H+60  
a. In the Binary log case, the data field will only output the number of bits in the subframe. This is 120 for L1  
and 244 for E5a.  
Recommended Input:  
LOG RAWFRAMEA ONNEW  
Example Output:  
#RAWFRAMEA,COM1,0,82.5,SATTIME,343,408162.000,004C0000,0000,33331;  
0,25,0,300,38,  
8B055C85EC8749C007DBB52D155C1600602633471F30DDE8937A78CB99790057570  
AFFFAF140*AEC280E1  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
87  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
       
Chapter 6  
Data Logs  
6.3.8  
RXCOMMANDS Receiver Configuration  
This log outputs all of the current receiver configuration parameters set using the commands in Chapter 5.  
When requested, one RXCOMMANDS log is output for each command type. The embedded message is the  
most-recent command string entered by you for that command type. If you have not yet entered a command  
string for that command type, the default configuration values from start-up are provided.  
Log Type: Polled  
Message ID: 579  
Field Field Name  
Data Description  
Format  
Bytes  
Offset  
This field contains the message header, in ASCII or Binary format.  
1
2
header  
H
4
0
See Section 4.3 on Page 35.  
command  
type  
Indicates which command the embedded message  
Int  
H
represents, see Table 43 on Page 90.  
Embedded message of the most-recent command  
string you entered. If a command string has not been  
entered yet, the default values from start-up will be  
provided.  
Uchar  
[variable]  
3
4
e msg  
variable  
4
H+4  
32-bit CRC (ASCII and Binary only)  
Hex  
variable  
Recommended Input:  
LOG RXCOMMANDSA ONCE  
Example Output:  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,59,77.5,FINE,334,237306.911,00E40008,0000,33331;  
4,COM COM1 9600 N 8 1 N OFF ON*A5267A8D  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,58,77.5,FINE,334,237306.914,00E40008,0000,33331;  
20,CHANCONFIG 16GPSL1L5*63C63093  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,57,77.5,FINE,334,237306.914,00E40008,0000,33331;  
5,ECUTOFF 10.0*B85DB8B9  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,56,77.5,FINE,334,237306.916,00E40008,0000,33331;  
7,FIX NONE*BC3BA5EC  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,55,77.5,FINE,334,237306.916,00E40008,0000,33331;  
21,PULSEBLANKING L1 127*EC7B5565  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,54,77.5,FINE,334,237306.916,00E40008,0000,33331;  
21,PULSEBLANKING L5 127*409DCBCE  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,53,77.5,FINE,334,237306.919,00E40008,0000,33331;  
39,DLLORDER GPS 1*63D03A14  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,52,77.5,FINE,334,237306.919,00E40008,0000,33331;  
2,ANTENNAPOWER OFF*100A691D  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,51,77.5,FINE,334,237306.919,00E40008,0000,33331;  
3,CLOCKADJUST DISABLE*CBDEACCB  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,50,77.5,FINE,334,237306.921,00E40008,0000,33331;  
4,COM COM3 115200 N 8 1 N OFF ON*9FA0AF3C  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,49,77.5,FINE,334,237306.921,00E40008,0000,33331;  
47,POSITIONTYPE GPSL1*F455BBD0  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,32,77.5,FINE,334,237306.937,00E40008,0000,33331;  
45,SDLLBW 0 0.2000*287F8BC9  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,31,77.5,FINE,334,237306.939,00E40008,0000,33331;  
45,SDLLBW 1 0.2000*91909AD3  
88  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
     
Data Logs  
Chapter 6  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,30,77.5,FINE,334,237306.939,00E40008,0000,33331;  
45,SDLLBW 2 0.2000*9FF5CFD6  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,29,77.5,FINE,334,237306.942,00E40008,0000,33331;  
45,SDLLBW 3 0.2000*E3127AD4  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,28,77.5,FINE,334,237306.942,00E40008,0000,33331;  
45,SDLLBW 4 0.2000*693D212B  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,27,77.5,FINE,334,237306.944,00E40008,0000,33331;  
45,SDLLBW 5 0.2000*18EF7223  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,26,77.5,FINE,334,237306.944,00E40008,0000,33331;  
45,SDLLBW 6 0.2000*168A2726  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,25,77.5,FINE,334,237306.944,00E40008,0000,33331;  
45,SDLLBW 7 0.2000*806FD6D3  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,24,77.5,FINE,334,237306.946,00E40008,0000,33331;  
45,SDLLBW 8 0.2000*5C5DB456  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,23,77.5,FINE,334,237306.947,00E40008,0000,33331;  
45,SDLLBW 9 0.2000*0BC696BF  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,22,77.5,FINE,334,237306.947,00E40008,0000,33331;  
45,SDLLBW 10 0.2000*A29D2B26  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,21,77.5,FINE,334,237306.950,00E40008,0000,33331;  
45,SDLLBW 11 0.2000*E0C1A1D3  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,20,77.5,FINE,334,237306.950,00E40008,0000,33331;  
45,SDLLBW 12 0.2000*27A70B2F  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,19,77.5,FINE,334,237306.952,00E40008,0000,33331;  
45,SDLLBW 13 0.2000*C7D7C93F  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,18,77.5,FINE,334,237306.952,00E40008,0000,33331;  
45,SDLLBW 14 0.2000*84FB6D39  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,17,77.5,FINE,334,237306.954,00E40008,0000,33331;  
45,SDLLBW 15 0.2000*51802385  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,16,77.5,FINE,334,237306.954,00E40008,0000,33331;  
46,SPLLBW 0 3.0000*E2D11BF7  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,15,77.5,FINE,334,237306.957,00E40008,0000,33331;  
46,SPLLBW 1 3.0000*5E885A8A  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,14,77.5,FINE,334,237306.957,00E40008,0000,33331;  
46,SPLLBW 2 3.0000*50ED0F8F  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,13,77.5,FINE,334,237306.959,00E40008,0000,33331;  
46,SPLLBW 3 3.0000*87385FCE  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,12,77.5,FINE,334,237306.959,00E40008,0000,33331;  
46,SPLLBW 4 3.0000*0D170431  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,11,77.5,FINE,334,237306.961,00E40008,0000,33331;  
46,SPLLBW 5 3.0000*02C8C399  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,10,77.5,FINE,334,237306.961,00E40008,0000,33331;  
46,SPLLBW 6 3.0000*0CAD969C  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,9,77.5,FINE,334,237306.963,00E40008,0000,33331;  
46,SPLLBW 7 3.0000*2E2CDD3F  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,8,77.5,FINE,334,237306.963,00E40008,0000,33331;  
46,SPLLBW 8 3.0000*77E69D75  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,7,77.5,FINE,334,237306.963,00E40008,0000,33331;  
46,SPLLBW 9 3.0000*534DAF6D  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,6,77.5,FINE,334,237306.964,00E40008,0000,33331;  
46,SPLLBW 10 3.0000*5858199B  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,5,77.5,FINE,334,237306.964,00E40008,0000,33331;  
46,SPLLBW 11 3.0000*4EC8EE24  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,4,77.5,FINE,334,237306.964,00E40008,0000,33331;  
46,SPLLBW 12 3.0000*89AE44D8  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
89  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Chapter 6  
Data Logs  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,3,77.5,FINE,334,237306.966,00E40008,0000,33331;  
46,SPLLBW 13 3.0000*68B72659  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,2,77.5,FINE,334,237306.966,00E40008,0000,33331;  
46,SPLLBW 14 3.0000*2B9B825F  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,1,77.5,FINE,334,237306.966,00E40008,0000,33331;  
46,SPLLBW 15 3.0000*3D0B75E0  
#RXCOMMANDSA,COM1,0,77.5,FINE,334,237306.969,00E40008,0000,33331;  
6,EXTERNALCLOCK OCXO 10MHZ 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000*CB079FDA  
Table 43: Command Type Values  
ASCII  
BINARY  
Command  
0
1-2  
3
0
1-2  
3
ASSIGN  
Reserved  
CLOCKADJUST  
COM  
4
4
5
5
ECUTOFF  
EXTERNALCLOCK  
FIX  
6
6
7
7
8
8
FRESET  
9
9
LOG  
10  
11-18  
19  
20  
21  
22  
23-24  
25  
26  
27-42  
43  
44  
45  
46  
47  
10  
11-18  
19  
20  
21  
22  
23-24  
25  
26  
27-42  
43  
44  
45  
46  
47  
RESET  
Reserved  
AGCMODE  
CHANCONFIG  
PULSEBLANKING  
UNLOG  
Reserved  
UNLOGALL  
UNASSIGN  
Reserved  
STHRESHOLD  
Reserved  
SDLLBW  
SPLLBW  
POSITIONTYPE  
90  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Data Logs  
Chapter 6  
6.3.9  
RXSECSTATUS Receiver Section Status  
This log is used to output the version and status information for each receiver card in the receiver section.  
Log Type: Synchronous  
Message ID: 638  
Field  
Field  
Binary Binary  
Bytes Offset  
Description  
Format  
Name  
This field contains the message header, in ASCII or Binary format.  
See Section 4.3 on Page 35.  
1
header  
H
0
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
# comp  
type  
Number of components (cards, and so on)  
Ulong  
Enum  
Enum  
4
4
4
H
Component type. See Table 44 below.  
H+4  
H+8  
H+12  
H+28  
H+44  
H+60  
Reserved  
model  
Model  
Char[16] 16  
Char[16] 16  
Char[16] 16  
psn  
Product serial number  
Firmware software version  
sw version  
status word Receiver status word. See Table 46 on Page 93.  
Ulong  
Ulong  
Ulong  
4
4
4
Receiver error word. A value of zero indicates no  
error word  
9
H+64  
H+68  
errors. See Table 45 on Page 92.  
10  
Reserved  
11...  
Next component offset = H + 4 + (#comp x 68)  
H+4+  
(#comp  
x 68)  
variable  
32-bit CRC (ASCII and Binary only)  
Hex  
4
Recommended Input:  
LOG RXSECSTATUSA ONNEW  
Example Output:  
#RXSECSTATUSA,COM1,0,78.0,FINE,338,320380.000,00A00000,0000,33331;  
1,L1E5A,PM,"L1E5AGALT","DZN05140006","5.000D24",00A00000,00000000,  
00401000*3FD5F86C  
Table 44: Component Type  
ASCII  
Binary  
Description  
Unknown component  
UNKNOWN  
GPSCARD  
FPGA  
0
1
5
Receiver component  
Field Programmable Gate Array  
CLKSTAT  
L5EURO  
CPLD  
6
7
8
9
Reserved  
Reserved  
Complex programmable logic device  
Reserved  
L1E5A  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
91  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
     
Chapter 6  
Data Logs  
Table 45: Receiver Error  
Nibble # Bit #  
Mask  
Description  
Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) status  
Reserved  
Bit = 0  
OK  
Bit = 1  
Error  
Error  
Error  
Error  
Error  
Error  
Error  
Error  
Error  
Error  
Error  
Error  
Error  
Error  
Error  
Error  
Error  
Error  
Error  
Error  
N0  
N1  
N2  
N3  
N4  
0
0x00000001  
0x00000002  
0x00000004  
0x00000008  
0x00000010  
0x00000020  
0x00000040  
0x00000080  
0x00000100  
0x00000200  
0x00000400  
0x00000800  
0x00001000  
0x00002000  
0x00004000  
0x00008000  
0x00010000  
0x00020000  
0x00040000  
0x00080000  
1
OK  
2
OK  
3
OK  
4
Electronic Serial Number (ESN) access status  
Authorization code status  
Reserved  
OK  
5
OK  
6
OK  
7
Supply voltage status  
Reserved  
OK  
8
OK  
9
Temperature status (as compared against acceptable limits) OK  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
MINOS4 status (FPGA)  
PLL RF1 hardware status - L1  
PLL RF2 hardware status - L5  
Reserved  
OK  
OK  
OK  
OK  
OK  
OK  
OK  
OK  
OK  
OK  
NVM status  
Stack usage status  
Memory usage status  
Message queue usage status  
Message usage status  
92  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Data Logs  
Chapter 6  
Table 46: Receiver Status  
Description  
Nibble # Bit #  
Mask  
Bit = 0  
No error  
Bit = 1  
Error  
0
0x00000001 Error flag, see Table 45, Receiver  
Error on Page 92  
N0  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0x00000002 Temperature status  
0x00000004 Voltage supply status  
0x00000008 Antenna power status  
0x00000010 LNA status  
Within specifications Warning  
OK  
Warning  
Not powered  
Failure  
Powered  
OK  
0x00000020 Antenna open flag  
0x00000040 Antenna shorted flag  
0x00000080 CPU overload flag  
0x00000100 COM1 buffer overrun flag  
0x00000200 Reserved  
OK  
Open  
N1  
N2  
OK  
Shorted  
Overload  
Overrun  
No overload  
No overrun  
10  
11  
12  
13  
0x00000400 COM3 buffer overrun flag  
No overrun  
Overrun  
0x00000800  
0x00001000  
0x00002000  
Reserved  
N3  
N4  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
20  
21  
22  
23  
0x00004000  
0x00008000  
0x00010000  
0x00020000  
0x00040000 Almanac flag  
Valid  
Valid  
Invalid  
0x00080000 Position solution flag  
Invalid  
0x00100000 Position fixed flag, see FIX on Page 56 Not fixed  
Fixed  
0x00200000 Clock steering status  
0x00400000 Clock model flag  
0x00800000 External oscillator flag  
Enabled  
Disabled  
Invalid  
N5  
Valid  
PLL not locked  
PLL locked  
24  
25  
26  
27  
0x01000000 Stack warning  
OK  
OK  
OK  
OK  
Warning  
Warning  
Warning  
Warning  
0x02000000  
0x04000000  
0x08000000  
Memory warning  
N6  
N7  
Message queue warning  
Message block usage warning  
Reserved  
28  
29  
0x10000000  
0x20000000  
30  
31  
0x40000000  
0x80000000 AUX1 status event flag  
No event  
Event  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
93  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Chapter 6  
Data Logs  
6.3.10 SATVIS Satellite Visibility  
This log outputs satellite visibility data and additional satellite information based on the specified position type.  
See also the POSITIONTYPE command on Page 61.  
Log Type: Synch  
Message ID: 48  
Field  
Name  
Binary  
Bytes  
Binary  
Offset  
Field  
Description  
Format  
This field contains the message header, in ASCII or Binary  
1
2
header  
H
0
format. See Section 4.3 on Page 35.  
Indicates if the satellite visibility is valid. See  
sat vis  
Enum  
4
H
Table 47 on Page 95.  
Indicates if the complete almanac was used. See  
3
4
5
comp alm  
#sat  
Enum  
ULong  
Short  
4
4
2
H+4  
H+8  
H+12  
Table 48 on Page 95.  
Number of satellite data sets to follow  
GPS satellite PRN number of range measurement  
(GPS only).  
PRN  
6
7
8
9
Reserved  
health  
elev  
Short  
2
4
8
8
8
8
H+14  
H+16  
H+20  
H+28  
H+36  
H+44  
a
ULong  
Double  
Double  
Double  
Double  
Satellite health  
Elevation (degrees)  
az  
Azimuth (degrees)  
10  
11  
12  
true dop  
app dop  
Theoretical Doppler of satellite (Hz)  
Apparent Doppler for this receiver (Hz)  
Next satellite data set, offset = H + 12 + (# previous sat x 40)  
H+12+  
(#sat x 40)  
variable 32-bit CRC (ASCII and Binary only)  
Hex  
4
a. Satellite health values may be found in ICD-GPS-200. To obtain copies of ICD-GPS-200, refer to ARINC. A  
list of standards and references with contact information can be found in the GPS+ Reference Manual  
available on our website at http://www.novatel.com/support/docupdates.htm.  
Recommended Input:  
LOG SATVISA ONTIME 60  
ASCII Example:  
#SATVISA,COM1,0,44.0,FINE,1039,490308.000,00000028,6002,0;  
TRUE,TRUE,27,  
14,0,0,74.5,267.4,458.2,458.926672761,  
25,0,0,61.3,73.7,-1252.6,-1251.902056196,  
1,0,0,55.9,277.4,1799.2,1799.897879028,  
16,0,0,33.6,305.9,2874.8,2875.534296744,  
...  
26,0,0,-82.0,114.8,-188.9,-188.237459086*bf8c9522  
94  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                 
Data Logs  
Chapter 6  
Table 47: Satellite Visibility Values  
ASCII  
FALSE  
TRUE  
Binary  
Description  
0
1
Satellite visibility is invalid  
Satellite visibility is valid  
Table 48: Complete Almanac Flag Values  
ASCII  
Binary  
Description  
FALSE  
TRUE  
0
1
Complete almanac was not used  
Complete almanac was used  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
95  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Chapter 6  
Data Logs  
6.3.11 SYSTEMLEVELS System Hardware Levels  
This log contains environmental and voltage parameters for the receiver card.  
Log Type: Synchronous  
Message ID: 653  
Binary  
Bytes  
Binary  
Offset  
Field  
Field Name  
Data Description  
Format  
This field contains the message header, in ASCII or Binary  
format. See Section 4.3 on Page 35.  
1
header  
H
0
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
# comp  
type  
Number of components  
Ulong  
Enum  
Enum  
Float  
Float  
Float  
Float  
Float  
Float  
Float  
Float  
Float  
Float  
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
H
Component type, see Table 44 on Page 91  
H + 4  
H + 8  
H + 12  
H + 16  
H + 20  
H + 24  
H+28  
H+32  
H+36  
H+40  
H+44  
H+48  
Reserved  
temp  
Board temperature (°C)  
ant current  
core volt  
supply volt  
RF volt  
Approximate internal antenna current (A)  
1V CPU core voltage (V)  
12V supply voltage (V)  
5V RF supply voltage (V)  
Internal LNA voltage (V)  
3.3 V supply voltage  
10  
LNA volt  
3.3 V supply  
11  
12  
TCXO control volt Control voltage for TCXO  
13  
idle time  
Idle time (%)  
14  
LNA output volt  
LNA output voltage (V)  
15…  
Next component offset = H + 4 + (# comp x 48)  
H + 4 + (#  
comp x 48)  
variable 32-bit CRC (ASCII and Binary only)  
Hex  
4
Recommended Input:  
LOG SYSTEMLEVELSA ONTIME 1  
Example Output:  
#SYSTEMLEVELSA,COM1,0,77.5,FINE,338,320405.000,00A00000,0000,33331;  
1,  
L1E5A,PM,58.000,0.138,1.194,11.636,4.985,4.564,3.230,1.588,77.880,  
4.223*B5E852BE  
96  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Data Logs  
Chapter 6  
6.3.12 TIME Time Data  
This log is output at the Time port at a maximum rate of 1 Hz and provides the GPS time of the receiver’s 1 PPS  
signal. It also includes the information on the receiver clock offset and the clock model status.  
Log Type: Sync  
Message ID: 101  
Field  
Name  
Binary Binary  
Field  
Description  
Format  
Bytes  
Offset  
This field contains the message header, in ASCII or Binary format. See  
Section 4.3 on Page 35.  
1
header  
H
0
Clock model status (not including current measurement  
Enum  
2
3
clock status  
offset  
4
8
H
data). See Table 36 on Page 79.  
Receiver clock offset, in seconds from GPS time. A positive  
offset implies that the receiver clock is ahead of GPS time.  
Double  
H+4  
To derive GPS time, use the following formula:  
GPS time = receiver time - offset  
4
offset std  
Reserved  
Receiver clock offset standard deviation (s)  
Double  
Hex  
8
H+12  
H+20  
H+44  
5-12  
13  
24  
4
32-bit CRC (ASCII and Binary only)  
Recommended Input:  
LOG TIMEA ONTIME 1  
Example Output:  
#TIMEA,COM1,0,58.0,FINE,1049,248050.000,00000128,5C46,0;  
VALID,-0.000000002,0.000001901,-13.00000000294,2000,2,15,20,53,  
57011,VALID*d6f14d5d  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
97  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
               
Chapter 6  
Data Logs  
6.3.13 TRACKSTAT Tracking Status  
These logs provide channel tracking status information for each of the receiver’s channels.  
Log Type: Synch  
Message ID: 83  
Field  
Name  
Binary  
Bytes  
Binary  
Offset  
Field  
Description  
Format  
This field contains the message header, in ASCII or Binary  
format. See Section 4.3 on Page 35.  
1
header  
H
0
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
sol status  
pos type  
cutoff  
Solution status. See Table 38 on Page 81.  
Position type. See Table 39 on Page 81.  
Primary antenna low elevation cut-off angle  
Number of hardware channel data sets to follow  
Satellite PRN number of range measurement  
Enum  
Enum  
Float  
Long  
Short  
Short  
4
4
4
4
2
2
4
8
4
4
H
H+4  
H+8  
# chans  
PRN  
H+12  
H+16  
H+18  
H+20  
H+24  
H+32  
H+38  
Reserved  
ch-tr-status Channel tracking status. See Table 40 on Page 84. ULong  
psr  
Pseudorange (m)  
Double  
Float  
10  
11  
Doppler  
C/No  
Doppler frequency (Hz)  
Carrier to noise density ratio (dB-Hz)  
Float  
Number of seconds of continuous tracking (no  
cycle slips)  
12  
13  
14  
locktime  
psr res  
Float  
4
4
4
4
H+42  
H+46  
H+50  
H+54  
Pseudorange residual from pseudorange filter (m) Float  
Range reject code from pseudorange filter. See  
Table 49 on Page 99.  
reject  
Enum  
15  
psr weight  
Pseudorange filter weighting  
Float  
16...  
Next hardware channel data set, offset = H+16 + (# previous chans x 40)  
32-bit CRC (ASCII and Binary only) Hex  
H+16 +  
(#chans x 40)  
variable  
4
98  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                         
Data Logs  
Chapter 6  
Recommended Input:  
LOG TRACKSTATA ONTIME 1  
Example Output:  
#TRACKSTATA,COM1,0,64.5,FINE,1048,507426.700,00000028,228E,0;  
SOL_COMPUTED,SINGLE,0.0,24,  
5,0,8105C04,25052294.167,3388.063,40.188,63.560,7.209,GOOD, 1.000,  
...  
2,0,1305C2B,21433408.821,1310.921,43.913,514.040,0.000,OBSL2, 1.000,  
...  
26,0,1305D6B,24444419.776,2365.217,31.530,1506.520,0.000,OBSL2,  
1.000  
*cd40e0aa  
Table 49: Reject Code Values  
ASCII  
Binary  
Description  
GOOD  
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Observations are good  
BADHEALTH  
Bad satellite health is indicated by ephemeris data  
OLDEPHEMERIS  
Old ephemeris due to date not being updated during the last 3 hours  
Eccentric anomaly error during computation of the satellite’s position  
True anomaly error during computation of the satellite’s position  
Satellite coordinate error during computation of the satellite’s position  
Elevation error due to the satellite being below the cut-off angle  
ECCENTRICANOMALY  
TRUEANOMALY  
SATCOORDINATEERROR  
ELEVATIONERROR  
Misclosure too large due to excessive gap between estimated and actual  
positions  
MISCLOSURE  
NOEPHEMERIS  
INVALIDIODE  
7
9
Ephemeris data for this satellite has not yet been received  
Invalid IODE (Issue Of Data Ephemeris) due to mismatch between  
differential stations  
10  
Low power meaning that the satellite is rejected due to low carrier/noise  
ratio  
LOWPOWER  
12  
16  
17  
No compatible ionospheric correction is available for this particular  
satellite  
NOIONOCORR  
BAD_INTEGRITY  
Bad integrity indicating a large variation between the measured range to  
the satellite and the theoretical range computed from the ephemeris  
OBSL5  
GALL1  
GALE5a  
OBSL1  
NA  
18  
19  
20  
23  
99  
Tracking a GPS or SBAS L5 signal that is not used in a position solution  
Tracking a Galileo L1 signal  
Tracking a Galileo E5a signal  
Tracking a GPS or SBAS L1 signal that is not used in a position solution  
No observation (a reject code is not applicable)  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
99  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                   
Chapter 6  
Data Logs  
6.3.14 VERSION Version Information  
This log contains the version information for all components of a system. When using a standard receiver, there  
will only be one component in the log.  
Log Type: Polled  
Message ID: 37  
Field  
Name  
Binary Binary  
Field  
Description  
Format  
Bytes  
Offset  
This field contains the message header, in ASCII or Binary format. See  
1
2
header  
H
0
Section 4.3 on Page 35.  
# comp  
Number of components (cards, etc.)  
Long  
4
4
H
3
4
5
type  
model  
psn  
Component type. See Table 44 on Page 91.  
Model  
Enum  
H+4  
H+8  
H+24  
Char[16] 16  
Char[16] 16  
Product serial number  
hw  
6
7
8
9
Hardware version. See Table 50 on Page 101.  
Firmware software version. SeeTable 50 on Page 101.  
Boot code version. See Table 50 on Page 101.  
Firmware compile date. See Table 50 on Page 101.  
Firmware compile time. See Table 50 on Page 101.  
Char[16] 16  
H+40  
H+56  
H+72  
H+88  
H+100  
version  
sw  
version  
Char[16]  
16  
boot  
version  
Char[16] 16  
Char[12] 12  
Char[12] 12  
comp  
date  
comp  
time  
10  
11...  
Next component, offset = H + 4 + (# previous comp x 108)  
H+4+  
(#comp  
x 108)  
variable  
32-bit CRC (ASCII and Binary only)  
Hex  
4
Recommended Input:  
LOG VERSIONA ONCE  
Example Output:  
#VERSIONA,COM1,0,78.0,FINE,338,320423.720,00A00000,0000,33331;  
2,  
L1E5A,"L1E5AGALT","DZN05140006","L1E5A-1.00-2X2",  
"5.000D24","5.000D1DB","2006/FEB/10","11:48:48",  
FPGA,"ALTERA","","1.3.52","GALILEO","","2006/JAN/12",  
"13:26:48"*C1270A13  
100  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                 
Data Logs  
Chapter 6  
Table 50: Version Log Field Formats  
Field Format  
Field Name  
Description  
P= hardware platform (e.g. OEM4)  
R = hardware revision (e.g.3.10)  
S = processor revision (e.g. A)  
hw version  
P-RS-CCC  
a
CCC = COM port configuration (e.g. 22T)  
VV = major revision number  
RRR = minor revision number  
X = Special (S), Beta (B),  
Internal Development (D, A)  
xxx = number  
sw version, boot version  
VV.RRR[Xxxx]  
YYYY = year  
MM= month  
comp date  
comp time  
YYYY/MM/DD  
HH:MM:SS  
DD = day (1 - 31)  
HH = hour  
MM = minutes  
SS = seconds  
a. One character for each of the COM ports 1, 2, and 3. Characters are: 2 for RS-232, 4 for RS-422, and  
T for LV-TTL. Therefore, the example is for a receiver that uses RS-232 for COM 1 and COM 2 and LV-  
TTL for COM 3.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
101  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
     
Chapter 7  
Firmware Updates  
The receiver firmware is stored in on-board, non-volatile memory, which allows it to be updated in the field.  
Therefore, updating firmware takes only a few minutes instead of several days, which would be required if the  
receiver had to be sent to a service depot.  
When updating to a higher revision level, you will need to transfer the new firmware to the appropriate card  
using one of NovAtel’s firmware loading utilities. WinLoader is designed for use with Window-based systems  
and was developed for use with Unix-based systems.  
Below is shown an outline of the procedure for updating your receiver's firmware:  
1. Contact the NovAtel Aviation Group.  
2. Download update files.  
3. Decompress files.  
4. Run the firmware loading utility.  
7.1 Contacting the NovAtel Aviation Department  
The first step in updating the receiver is to contact the NovAtel Aviation Group via any of the methods  
described in Customer Service on Page 14.  
When you call, be sure to have the receiver's serial number and program revision level available. This  
information is printed on the bottom surface of a EuroPak-15a, as shown in Figure 5.  
Figure 5: Serial Number and Version Label  
You can also verify the information by powering up the receiver and requesting the VERSION log.  
After conferring with the Aviation Group to establish the required revision level, as well as the terms and  
conditions of your firmware update, the Aviation Group will issue you an authorization code or auth-code. The  
auth-code is required to unlock the receiver features according to your authorized model type.  
If it is determined that you will be updating to a higher revision level with the use of the firmware loading  
utility, the Aviation Group will confirm with you as to the procedures, files, and methods required for using this  
utility. As the main utility and other necessary files are generally provided in a compressed file format, you will  
also be given a file decompression password. The utility and update files are available from the Aviation Group  
by FTP, e-mail, or diskette.  
102  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
       
Firmware Updates  
Chapter 7  
7.2 Downloading the Files  
Typically, there are two files required when performing firmware updates on a particular receiver card:  
WINLOAD.EXE (the firmware loading utility program)  
•
• XXXX.HEX(the firmware update file)  
Typical Euro-L1E5a card firmware files might be named 5100.HEX, for example.  
To proceed with your update, you will first need to download the appropriate files from NovAtel's FTP site at  
ftp.novatel.ca, or via e-mail at [email protected]. If downloading is not possible, the files can be mailed to  
you on diskette.  
The files are available in compressed, password-protected file format. The compressed form of the files may  
have different names than the names discussed above; the Aviation Group will advise you as to the exact names  
of the files you need. As well, the Aviation Group will provide you with a file de-compression password.  
7.3 Decompressing the Files  
After copying the compressed files to an appropriate directory on your computer, each file must be  
decompressed. The syntax for decompression is as follows:  
Syntax:  
[filename][password]  
where filename is the name of the compressed file (but not including the .EXE extension) and password is the  
password required to allow decompression.  
A window-based dialog is provided for password entry.  
The self-extracting archive then generates the following files:  
WinLoad.exe  
HowTo.txt  
WinLoad utility program  
Instructions on how to use the WinLoad utility  
Information on the changes made in the firmware since the last revision  
WhatsNew.txt  
XXXX.hex  
Firmware version update file  
where XXXX = program version level (for example 2000.hex)  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
103  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Chapter 7  
Firmware Updates  
7.4 Running the Utility  
WinLoad is a windows based program used to download firmware to receiver cards. The main screen is shown  
in Figure 6.  
Figure 6: Main Screen of WinLoad  
If you are running WinLoad for the first time you will need to make sure the file and communications settings  
are correct.  
7.4.1  
Open a File to Download  
From the file menu choose Open. Use the Open dialog to browse for your file, see Figure 7.  
Figure 7: WinLoad’s Open Dialog  
Once you have selected your file, the name should appear in the main display area and in the title bar, see  
104  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
         
Firmware Updates  
Chapter 7  
Figure 8.  
Figure 8: Open File in WinLoad  
The Target Card ID field allows you to specify the receiver card to update, see Table 51 below.  
Table 51: Target Card Identification  
Entry  
Description  
Euro-L1E5a card  
0
7.4.2  
Communications Settings  
To set the communications port and baud rate, select COM Settings from the Settings menu, see Figure 9 on  
Page 105. Choose the port on your PC from the Com Port drop down list and the baud rate from the Download  
Baudrate drop down list. The baud rate should be as high as possible (the default of 115200 is preferred).  
Figure 9: COM Port Setup  
7.4.3  
Downloading Firmware  
To download firmware follow these steps:  
1. Set up the communications port as described in Section 7.4.2, Communications Settings above.  
2. Select the file to download, see Open a File to Download on Page 104.  
3. Make sure the file path and file name are displayed in main display area, see Figure 8.  
4. Click on the Write Flash button to download the firmware:  
5. While WinLoad searches for the card, power cycle the receiver (turn it off and then on again).  
ꢀ You will only be able to access information from the card and download new firmware during the first few  
seconds after power initiation.  
6. WinLoad should be able to locate the card and the hex file should start downloading. When the  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
105  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
         
Chapter 7  
Firmware Updates  
Authorization Code dialog opens, see Figure 10, enter the auth code and select OK.  
Figure 10: Authorization Code Dialog  
7. The receiver should finish downloading and reset. The process is complete when “Done.” is  
displayed in the main display area, see Figure 11 on Page 106.  
Figure 11: Update Process Complete  
8. Close WinLoad.  
This completes the procedure required to update a EuroPak-15a receiver.  
106  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Chapter 8  
Built-In Status Test  
8.1 Overview  
The built-in test monitors system performance and status to ensure the receiver is operating within its  
specifications. If an exceptional condition is detected, the user is informed through one or more indicators. The  
receiver status system is used to configure and monitor these indicators:  
1. Receiver status word  
2. Error strobe line  
3. RXSECSTATUS log  
In normal operation the error strobe is driven low. When an unusual and non-fatal event occurs (for example,  
there is no valid position solution), a bit is set in the receiver status word. Receiver operation continues  
normally and the error strobe remains off. When the event ends (for example, when there is a valid position  
solution), the bit in the receiver status word is cleared.  
When a fatal event occurs (that is, in the event of a receiver hardware failure), a bit is set in the receiver error  
word to indicate the cause of the problem. Bit 0 is set in the receiver status word to show that an error occurred  
and the error strobe is driven high. Receiver tracking is disabled at this point but command and log processing  
continues to allow you to diagnose the error. Even if the source of the error is corrected at this point, the  
receiver must be reset to resume normal operation.  
8.2 Receiver Status Word  
The receiver status word indicates the current status of the receiver. This word is found in the header of all logs.  
See also Section 4.3, Log Formats on Page 35.  
8.3 Error Strobe Signal  
The error strobe line is one of the I/O strobes and is driven low when the receiver is operating normally. When  
the receiver is in the error state and tracking is disabled, the error strobe is driven high. This can be caused by a  
fatal error or by an unusual receiver status indication that the user has promoted to be treated like a fatal error.  
Once on, the error status will remain high until the cause of the error is corrected and the receiver is reset.  
8.4 Receiver Status Log  
8.4.1  
Overview  
The Receiver Status log (RXSECSTATUS) provides information on the current system status and configuration  
in a series of hexadecimal words.  
The status word is the third last field in the RXSECSTATUS log as shown in Figure 12 on Page 108. It is also  
the third last field in the header of every log.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
107  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                       
Chapter 8  
Built-In Status Test  
<RXSECSTATUSA COM1 0 78.0 FINE 338 320380.000 00a00000 0000 33331  
< 1  
<
<
L1E5A PM "L1E5AGALT" "DZN05140006"  
“5.000D24" 00CC0000 00000000 00401000  
Receiver  
Status  
Word  
Figure 12: Location of Receiver Status Word  
Each bit in the status word indicates the status of a specific condition or function of the receiver. If the status word is  
00000000, the receiver is operating normally. The numbering of the bits is shown in Figure 13 below.  
0 0 C C 0 0 0 0  
0000 0000 1100 1100 0000 0000 0000 0000  
Bit 31  
Bit 0  
Figure 13: Reading the Bits in the Receiver Status Word  
The format of the log is described in Chapter 4 of this manual. If the receiver status word indicates a problem, please  
also see Section 8.2, Receiver Status Word on Page 107.  
8.4.2  
Error Word  
The error field contains a 32 bit word. Each bit in the word is used to indicate an error condition. Error conditions may  
result in damage to the hardware or erroneous data, so the receiver is put into an error state. If any bit in the error word  
is set, the receiver will set the error strobe line, idle all channels, turn off the antenna, and disable the RF hardware.  
The only way to get out of the error state is to reset the receiver.  
The error word is the second last field in the RXSECSTATUS log, as shown in the example below.  
<RXSECSTATUSA COM1 0 78.0 FINE 338 320380.000 00a00000 0000 33331  
< 1  
<
<
L1E5A PM "L1E5AGALT" "DZN05140006"  
“5.000D24" 00A00000 00000000 00401000  
Receiver  
Error  
Word  
Figure 14: Location of Receiver Error Word  
The numbering of the bits is shown in Figure 15.  
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000  
Bit 0  
Bit 15  
Figure 15: Reading the Bits in the Receiver Error Word  
108  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
                   
Built-In Status Test  
Chapter 8  
See the RXSECSTATUS log on Page 91 for more detailed descriptions of this log. If the error word is  
00000000, the receiver is not experiencing an error condition. If the receiver error word indicates an error,  
please also see Section 8.2, Receiver Status Word on Page 107.  
8.4.3  
Status Code Arrays  
There are 3 status code arrays – the receiver status word, the auxiliary 1 status and the auxiliary 2 status. The  
status word is similar to the error word, with each of its 32 bits indicating a condition.  
8.4.4  
Receiver Status Code  
The receiver status word is included in the header of all logs. It has 32 bits, which indicate certain receiver  
conditions. If any of these conditions occur, a bit in the status word is set.  
8.4.5  
Auxiliary Status Codes  
The auxiliary status codes are only seen in the RXSECSTATUS log. The two bits representing the auxiliary  
status codes give indication about the receiver state for information only. The bits typically do not cause  
degradation of the receiver performance. Bit 31 and bit 32 of the receiver status word corresponds to the  
auxiliary 1 and auxiliary 2 status words respectively.  
See the RXSECSTATUS log on Page 91 for a more detailed descriptions of this log.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
109  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
           
Appendix A Technical Specifications  
Table 52: Performance Specifications  
PERFORMANCE  
All values subject to GPS system characteristics  
Frequency  
GPS  
Galileo  
L1(1575.42 MHz), L5 (1176.45 MHz)  
L1 (1575.42 MHz), E5a (1176.45 MHz)  
GPS L1-C/A Code  
GPS L5 Code  
Galileo L1 Code  
Codes Tracked  
Galileo E5a Code  
GPS SVN (PRN 0-37)  
GEO SVN (PRN 120-138)  
Galileo SVN (PRN 0-50)  
Up to 16 channels depending on the channel configuration, see Table 19,  
Configuration Values on Page 49.  
Satellite Tracking Channels  
Position Accuracy (stand-alone)  
1.5 m CEP  
Pseudorange Measurement  
Accuracy  
L1 C/A Narrow  
L1 C/A Wide  
L5 Code  
10 cm RMS, C/No > 44 dB-Hz, DLL BW = 0.05 Hz  
1 m RMS, C/No > 44 dB-Hz, DLL BW = 0.05 Hz  
1 m RMS, C/No > 44 dB-Hz, DLL BW = 0.05 Hz  
1 m RMS, C/No > 44 dB-Hz, DLL BW = 0.05 Hz  
L5 GEO Code  
Single Channel Phase Accuracy  
L1 C/A  
L5 Code  
3 mm RMS, C/No > 44 dB-Hz, Loop PLL = 3 Hz  
3 mm RMS, C/No > 44 dB-Hz, Loop PLL = 3 Hz  
C/No Accuracy  
C/A  
±2.5 dB, 30-65 dB-Hz  
±2.5 dB, 30-65 dB-Hz  
L5 Code  
Raw Data Availability Rate  
L1SQM/L5/BOCL1/E5a  
Time  
One phase and code measurement per second/per satellite  
One message per second  
Almanac Data  
< 15 minutes after reset  
100 seconds (95%) with stabilized internal and external oscillators and  
initial time, almanac and position.  
Time to First Fix  
Re-acquisition  
L1 C/A  
5 seconds C/No = 44 dB-Hz 1σ  
60 seconds C/No = 44 dB-Hz 1σ  
L5 Code  
a
Height Measurements  
Up to 18,288 metres (60,000 feet) maximum  
a. In accordance with export licensing.  
110  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
       
Technical Specifications  
Appendix A  
A.1 EuroPak-15a and EuroPak-15aT Enclosures  
PHYSICAL  
Size  
235 x 154 x 71 mm  
Weight  
1.2 kg maximum (including Euro-L1E5a card)  
DIMENSIONS  
a b  
235  
71  
a. All dimension are in millimeters, please use the Unit Conversion section of the GPS+  
Reference Manual available on our website at http://www.novatel.com/Downloads/  
docupdates.html for conversion to imperial measurements.  
b. Page 119 provides the dimension information for the mounting bracket.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
111  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Appendix A  
Technical Specifications  
INPUT/OUTPUT DATA INTERFACE  
COM1 AND COM2  
RS232  
Electrical format  
a
9600 (default), 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200, 230400 bps  
TX, RX, RTS, CTS, DTR, DCD  
Bit rate  
Signals supported  
a. Baud rates higher than 115,200 bps are not supported by standard PC hardware. Special PC hardware is re-  
quired for higher rates, including 230,400 bps.  
INPUT/OUTPUT STROBES  
MSR (Measure Output)  
MKI (Mark Input)  
Normally high, active low where the pulse width is 1 ms. The falling edge is the  
receiver measurement strobe.  
An input mark (negative pulse > 55 ns), time tags output log data to the time of  
the falling edge of the mark input pulse.  
PV (Position Valid)  
ERROR  
Output indicates a ‘good solution’ or a valid GPS solution when high.  
Output that Indicates fatal error warning when high.  
PPS (Pulse Per Second)  
Normally high, active low pulse is 1 ms wide @ 1 Hz. Falling edge is used as  
the reference.  
Reset TTL signal output to external system; active high.  
RESETOUT  
Output  
STROBE ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS  
Voltage:  
LVTTL levels  
Low:  
High:  
minimum 0 VDC and maximum 0.55 VDC @ 24 mA  
minimum 2.4 VDC and maximum 3.6 VDC @ 8 mA  
Input  
Voltage:  
LVTTL levels  
Low:  
High:  
minimum 0 VDC and maximum 0.8 VDC  
minimum 2.0 VDC and maximum 5.5 VDC  
112  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
           
Technical Specifications  
Appendix A  
INPUT/OUTPUT CONNECTORS  
Antenna Input  
TNC female jack, 50 Ω nominal impedance  
+5 VDC, 100 mA max  
(output from EuroPak-15a to antenna/LNA)  
PWR  
4-pin LEMO connector  
EuroPak-15a  
Input Voltage:  
+9 to +18 VDC  
Power Consumption:  
6 W (typical)  
EuroPak-15aT  
Input Voltage  
Power Consumption  
+11 to +18 VDC  
13 W (typical)  
COM1  
COM2  
AUX  
DB9P connector  
DB9P connector  
DB9P connector (Reserved)  
I/O  
DB9S connector  
a
OSC  
BNC connector  
Oscillator input on the EuroPak-15a  
Input Frequency  
Signal Level  
5 or 10 MHz ± 0.5 ppm  
0 to +13 dBm  
Oscillator output on the EuroPak-15aT  
Output Frequency  
Signal Level  
Phase Noise  
0.1 Hz  
10 MHz  
+10 dBm ± 3 dB  
-55 dBc/Hz  
-95 dBc/Hz  
-125 dBc/Hz  
-155 dBc/Hz  
-165 dBc/Hz  
-165 dBc/Hz  
-165 dBc/Hz  
1 Hz  
10 Hz  
100 Hz  
1 kHz  
10 kHz  
100 kHz  
ENVIRONMENTAL  
Operating Temperature  
EuroPak-15a:  
EuroPak-15aT:  
-40°C to +50°C  
-20°C to +50°C  
Storage Temperature  
Humidity  
-45°C to +95°C  
Not to exceed 95% non-condensing  
a. The EuroPak-15a provides an external oscillator input on this connector while the EuroPak-15aT  
provides an output from the internal clock.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
113  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
       
Appendix A  
Technical Specifications  
A.1.1 Port Pin-Outs  
Table 53: EuroPak-15a Serial Port Pin-Out Descriptions  
Connector  
Pin No.  
a
COM1  
COM2  
N/C  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Reserved  
RXD1  
RXD2  
TXD2  
TXD1  
N/C  
Reserved  
GND  
GND  
Reserved  
RTS1  
N/C  
RTS2  
CTS2  
N/C  
CTS1  
Reserved  
a.The internal COM3 port is labelled  
COM2 on the EuroPak-15a.  
Table 54: EuroPak-15a I/O Port Pin-Out Descriptions  
Signal  
Connector Pin No.  
Signal Descriptions  
Name  
Reserved  
PPS  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Pulse per second  
MSR  
Measure output  
Mark input  
MKI  
PV  
Valid position available  
Reserved  
RESETOUT Reset output to an external system, active high  
ERROR  
GND  
Indicates a fatal error when high  
Digital ground  
ꢀ For strobe signal descriptions, please see Section 2.3.1, Strobes on Page 26.  
114  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
           
Technical Specifications  
Appendix A  
A.1.2 Cables  
A.1.2.1  
12V Power Adapter Cable (NovAtel part number 01017023)  
The power adapter cable supplied with the EuroPak-15a, see Figure 16, provides a convenient means for  
supplying +12 VDC while operating in the field.  
Input is provided through the standard 12V power outlet. The output from the power adapter utilizes a 4-pin  
LEMO connector (LEMO part number FGG.0B.304.CLAD52Z) and plugs directly into the PWR input located  
on the back panel of the EuroPak-15a.  
For alternate power sources please see Section 2.2.3 on Page 26.  
9
1 (-)  
4 (-)  
2 (+)  
3 (+)  
10  
1
2
3
4
-
5
6
+
+ 7  
-
8
11  
12  
13  
Reference  
Description  
Reference  
Description  
1
2
3
4
Black  
Red  
Orange  
Brown  
5
6
7
8
Ground  
+9 to +18 VDC  
+9 to +18 VDC  
Ground  
9
10  
11  
Connector key marking  
12V adapter  
Spring  
12  
13  
Universal tip  
6 Amp slow-blow fuse  
Figure 16: EuroPak-15a Power Cable  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
115  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
       
Appendix A  
Technical Specifications  
A.1.2.2  
Null-Modem Cable (NovAtel part number 60323062)  
This cable supplied with the EuroPak-15a, see Figure 17, provides an easy means of communications with a  
PC. The cable is equipped with a 9-pin connector at the receiver end which can be plugged into the COM1,  
COM2, or AUX port. At the PC end, a 9-pin connector is provided to accommodate a PC serial (RS232)  
communication port.  
1
5
5
1
6
9
9
6
11  
Wiring Table:  
Connector  
Pin Number  
To DB9S (10)  
To DB9S (11)  
2
3
3
2
8
7
7
8
4
5
5
1 & 6  
1 & 6  
4
Reference  
Description  
10  
11  
DB9S (Female)  
DB9S (Female)  
Figure 17: EuroPak-15a Null Modem Cable  
116  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
     
Technical Specifications  
A.1.2.3 Straight Through Serial Cable (NovAtel part number 60723066)  
Appendix A  
This cable can be used to connect the EuroPak-15a to a modem or radio transmitter to propagate differential  
corrections. The cable is equipped with a female DB9 connector at the receiver end. The male DB9 connector  
at the other end is provided to plug into your user-supplied equipment (please refer to your modem or radio  
transmitter user guide for more information on its connectors). The cable is approximately 2 m in length. See  
Figure 18.  
1
5
1
5
9
6
6
9
11  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Reference  
Description  
Reference  
Description  
9-conductor cable  
10  
11  
DB9P (male) connector  
DB9S (female) connector  
12  
Figure 18: EuroPak-15a Straight Through Serial Cable  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
117  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Appendix A  
Technical Specifications  
A.1.2.4  
I/O Strobe Port Cable (NovAtel part number 60723065)  
The strobe lines on the EuroPak-15a can be accessed by inserting the male DB9 connector of the I/O strobe  
port cable into the I/O port. The other end of this cable is provided without a connector to provide flexibility.  
The jacket insulation is cut away slightly from the end but the insulation on each wire is intact. The cable is  
approximately 2 m in length. See Figure 19.  
1
5
9
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Wiring Table:  
I/O Port  
Pin  
I/O Port  
Signal  
I/O Port Cable  
Wire Color  
I/O Port  
Pin  
I/O Port  
Signal  
I/O Port Cable  
Wire Color  
1
2
3
4
5
VARF  
Black  
Brown  
Red  
6
7
8
9
Reserved  
Reserved  
GND  
Green  
PPS  
Blue  
Reserved  
Event1  
PV  
Violet  
Orange  
Yellow  
GND  
White/Grey  
Reference  
Description  
Reference  
Description  
9-conductor cable  
10  
DB9P (male) connector  
11  
Figure 19: EuroPak-15a I/O Strobe Port Cable  
118  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Technical Specifications  
Appendix A  
A.1.3 Mounting Bracket Dimensions  
235  
1234  
2145  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
119  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Appendix A  
Technical Specifications  
A.2 Channel Assignments  
Tables 56 through 60 show the mapping of signal channels for the different channel configurations.  
Table 55: 10GALILEO6GPS Channel Configuration  
Signal  
Channel  
SV  
Channel  
Symbol  
Rate  
Sky  
Search  
SV Type Code DLL Type  
Frame  
Nav Type  
FEC  
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Galileo  
L1  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
Galileo  
250  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
No  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
L1  
L1  
L1  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
250  
250  
250  
250  
50  
50  
50  
50  
L1  
E5a  
E5a  
E5a  
E5a  
E5a  
L1 C/A  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
9
9
50  
50  
50  
50  
50  
50  
50  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
No  
No  
No  
No  
No  
GPS  
GPS  
Table 56: 16GPSL1L5 Channel Configuration  
Signal  
Channel  
SV  
Channel  
Symbol  
Rate  
Sky  
Search  
SV Type Code DLL Type  
Frame  
Nav Type  
FEC  
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
50  
50  
50  
50  
50  
50  
50  
50  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
No  
No  
No  
No  
No  
No  
No  
No  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
9
9
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
120  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
     
Technical Specifications  
Appendix A  
Table 57: 16GALILEOL1E5a Channel Configuration  
Symbol  
Signal  
Channel  
SV  
Channel  
Sky  
Search  
SV Type Code DLL Type  
Frame  
Nav Type  
FEC  
Rate  
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Galileo  
L1  
L1  
L1  
L1  
L1  
L1  
L1  
L1  
E5a  
E5a  
E5a  
E5a  
E5a  
E5a  
E5a  
E5a  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
Galileo  
250  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
250  
250  
250  
250  
250  
250  
250  
50  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
9
9
50  
50  
50  
50  
50  
50  
50  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Galileo  
Table 58: 12GPS4GEOL1L5 Channel Configuration  
Symbol  
Signal  
Channel  
SV  
Channel  
Sky  
Search  
SV Type Code DLL Type Frame Nav Type  
FEC  
Rate  
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GEO  
GEO  
GEO  
GEO  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
WAAS  
WAAS  
WAAS  
WAAS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
WAAS  
WAAS  
WAAS  
WAAS  
50  
50  
50  
50  
50  
50  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
500  
500  
500  
500  
No  
No  
No  
No  
No  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Idle  
No  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
9
9
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
L1 C/A Standard  
L1 C/A  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Idle  
Idle  
Idle  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
121  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Appendix A  
Technical Specifications  
Table 59: 8GPS8GEO Channel Configuration  
SV Type Code DLL Type Frame Nav Type  
Signal  
Channel  
SV  
Channel  
0
Symbol  
Rate  
FEC Sky Search  
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GEO  
GEO  
GEO  
GEO  
GEO  
GEO  
GEO  
GEO  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
WAAS  
WAAS  
WAAS  
WAAS  
WAAS  
WAAS  
WAAS  
WAAS  
50  
50  
50  
50  
50  
50  
50  
50  
500  
500  
500  
500  
500  
500  
500  
500  
No  
No  
No  
No  
No  
No  
No  
No  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Idle  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
L1 C/A Standard WAAS  
L1 C/A Standard WAAS  
9
Idle  
Idle  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
L1 C/A  
L1 C/A  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
WAAS  
WAAS  
WAAS  
WAAS  
WAAS  
WAAS  
Idle  
Idle  
Idle  
Idle  
Idle  
Table 60: 16GPSL5 Channel Configuration  
Signal  
Channel  
0
SV  
Channel  
0
Symbol  
Rate  
SV Type Code DLL Type Frame Nav Type  
FEC Sky Search  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
L5 C5  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
Narrow  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
GPS  
100  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Yes  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
Auto  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
122  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
   
Appendix B Electrostatic Discharge Control (ESD)  
Practices  
B.1 Overview  
Static electricity is electrical charge stored in an electromagnetic field or on an insulating body. This charge can  
flow as soon as a low-impedance path to ground is established. Static-sensitive units can be permanently  
damaged by static discharge potentials of as little as 40 volts. Charges carried by the human body, which can be  
thousands of times higher than this 40 V threshold, can accumulate through as simple a mechanism as walking  
across non-conducting floor coverings such as carpet or tile. These charges may be stored on clothing,  
especially when the ambient air is dry, through friction between the body and/or various clothing layers.  
Synthetic materials accumulate higher charges than natural fibers. Electrostatic voltage levels on insulators  
may be very high, in the order of thousands of volts.  
Various electrical and electronic components are vulnerable to electrostatic discharge (ESD). These include  
discrete components, hybrid devices, integrated circuits (ICs), and printed circuit boards (PCBs) assembled  
with these devices.  
B.2 Handling ESD-Sensitive Devices  
ESD-sensitive devices must only be handled in static-controlled locations. Some recommendations for such  
handling practices follow:  
•
•
•
Handling areas must be equipped with a grounded table, floor mats, and wrist strap.  
A relative humidity level must be maintained between 20% and 80% non-condensing.  
No ESD-sensitive board or component should be removed from its protective package, except in  
a static-controlled location.  
•
•
•
•
A static-controlled environment and correct static-control procedures are required at both repair  
stations and maintenance areas.  
ESD-sensitive devices must be handled only after personnel have grounded themselves via wrist  
straps and mats.  
Boards or components should never come in contact with clothing, because normal grounding  
cannot dissipate static charges on fabrics.  
A circuit board must be placed into an anti-static plastic clamshell before being removed from the  
work location and must remain in the clamshell until it arrives at a static-controlled repair/test  
center.  
•
•
Circuit boards must not be changed or moved needlessly. Handles may be provided on circuit  
boards for use in their removal and replacement; care should be taken to avoid contact with the  
connectors and components.  
On-site repair of ESD-sensitive equipment should not be undertaken except to restore service in  
an emergency where spare boards are not available. Under these circumstances repair station  
techniques must be observed. Under normal circumstances a faulty or suspect circuit board must  
be sent to a repair center having complete facilities, or to the manufacturer for exchange or repair.  
•
•
Where protective measures have not been installed, a suitable alternative would be the use of a  
Portable Field Service Grounding Kit (for example, 3M Kit #8501 or #8507). This consists of a  
portable mat and wrist strap which must be attached to a suitable ground.  
A circuit board in a static-shielding bag or clamshell may be shipped or stored in a cardboard  
carton, but the carton must not enter a static-controlled area such as a grounded or dissipative  
bench top or repair zone. Do not place anything else inside the bag (for example, repair tags).  
•
•
Treat all PCBs and components as ESD sensitive. Assume that you will damage the PCB or  
component if you are not ESD conscious.  
Do not use torn or punctured static-shielding bags. A wire tag protruding through the bag could act  
as a "lightning rod", funneling the entire charge into the components inside the bag.  
•
•
Do not allow chargeable plastics, such as binders, within 0.6 m of unshielded PCBs.  
Do not allow a PCB to come within 0.3 m of a computer monitor.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
123  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
         
Appendix B  
Electrostatic Discharge Control (ESD) Practices  
B.3 Prime Static Accumulators  
Table 61 provides some background information on static-accumulating materials.  
Table 61: Static-Accumulating Materials  
•
•
•
•
formica (waxed or highly resistive)  
finished wood  
synthetic mats  
Work Surfaces  
writing materials, note pads, and so on  
•
•
wax-finished  
vinyl  
Floors  
•
•
•
common cleanroom smocks  
personal garments (all textiles)  
non-conductive shoes  
Clothes  
•
•
•
finished wood  
vinyl  
fiberglass  
Chairs  
•
•
•
common polyethylene bags, wraps, envelopes, and bubble pack  
pack foam  
common plastic trays and tote boxes  
Packing and  
handling  
•
•
•
•
•
spray cleaners  
common solder sucker  
common soldering irons  
common solvent brushes (synthetic bristles)  
cleaning, drying and temperature chambers  
Assembly,  
cleaning, and  
repair areas  
B.4 Handling Printed Circuit Boards  
ESD damage to unprotected sensitive devices may occur at any time. ESD events can occur far below the  
threshold of human sensitivity. Follow this sequence when it becomes necessary to install or remove a circuit  
board:  
1. After you are connected to the grounded wrist strap, remove the circuit board from the frame and place it  
on a static-controlled surface (grounded floor or table mat).  
2. Remove the replacement circuit board from the static-shielding bag or clamshell and insert it into the  
equipment.  
3. Place the original board into the shielding bag or clamshell and seal it with a label.  
4. Do not put repair tags inside the shielding bag or clamshell.  
5. Disconnect the wrist strap.  
124  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
       
Appendix C Standards/References  
GPS L5 SIGNAL SPECIFICATION REFERENCE  
For copies of the Interface Control Document (ICD)-GPS-705, contact:  
ARINC Research Corporation  
Address:  
2551 Riva Road  
Annapolis, MD, USA  
21401-7465  
Telephone:  
Fax:  
410-266-4000  
410-266-4049  
www.arinc.com  
Website:  
GEODETIC SURVEY OF CANADA  
Geodetic Survey of Canada  
Address:  
615 Boothe Street  
Ottawa, ON, Canada  
K1A 0E9  
Telephone:  
Fax:  
(613) 995-4410  
(613) 995-3215  
www.geod.emr.ca  
Website:  
U.S. NATIONAL GEODETIC SURVEY  
NGS Information Services  
Address:  
1315 East-West Highway  
Station 9244  
Silver Springs, MD, USA  
20910-3282  
Telephone:  
Fax:  
(301) 713-2692  
(301) 713-4172  
www.ngs.noaa.gov  
Website:  
ꢀ Contact information may be subject to change however they are accurate at the time of publication.  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
125  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
         
Appendix D Replacement Parts  
The following are a list of the replacement parts available for your NovAtel GPS receiver. Should you require  
assistance or need to order additional components, please contact your local NovAtel dealer or Customer  
Service representative.  
D.1 EuroPak-15a  
Part Description  
I/O strobe cable (Figure 19 on Page 118)  
NovAtel Part  
60723065  
Straight through serial data cable (Figure 18 on Page 117)  
60723066  
Null modem serial data cable (Figure 17 on Page 116)  
60715062  
Power cable: LEMO 4-pin socket to 12V power outlet plug (Figure 16 on Page 115)  
01017023  
D.2 Accessories  
Part Description  
Aviation Compact Disc with PC utilities  
NovAtel Part  
01017679  
C006  
Optional RF Antenna Cables:  
5 meters  
15 meters  
C016  
30 meters.  
C032  
22 cm interconnect adapter cable  
GPS-C002  
D.3 Manufacturer’s Part Numbers  
The following original manufacturer’s part numbers, for the EuroPak-15a cables, are provided for information  
only and are not available from NovAtel as separate parts:  
Part Description  
LEMO Part  
4-pin socket connector on power cable (Figure 16 on Page 115)  
FGG.0B.304.CLAD52Z  
126  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
       
Index  
1PPS, see one pulse per second  
refraction, 53  
automatic channel assignment  
overriding, 47  
A
reverting, 67  
accumulated Doppler range (ADR), 82  
accuracy  
auxiliary status, 109  
azimuth, 94  
corrections, 56  
position, 56  
B
time, 41  
acquisition  
baseline, 30  
bias, 50  
Binary  
format, 36  
header, 37  
binary  
assignment, 47  
automatic, 67  
satellite, 47  
signal, 66  
times, 56  
ADR, see accumulated Doppler range  
AGCMODE command, 45  
AGCSTATS log, 72  
almanac  
log, 75  
reset, 58, 61  
time status, 40  
ALMANAC log, 75  
ambiguity  
raw ephemeris, 86  
bit rate, see bps  
blanking, 21  
threshold, 46  
boot code, version, 100  
bps, 51  
break detection, 51  
buffer, 34  
space, 59  
byte arrangements, 39  
half cycle, 82  
anomaly, 75, 99  
antenna  
C
active, 21  
altitude, 53  
C/N0, see carrier to noise density ratio  
cables  
cable considerations, 23  
cables, 126  
antenna, 126  
coaxial, 21, 23  
extended cable lengths, 23  
warranty, 13  
card status, 108  
input, 113  
single-frequency, 23  
antenna cable, 23  
anti-spoofing (AS), 75  
anti-static, 123–124  
ARINC, 125  
carrier phase, 50, 82  
error estimate, 82  
carrier to noise density ratio (C/N0), 82, 98  
CHANCONFIG command, 49  
channel  
array, clock model, 77  
AS, see anti-spoofing  
ASCII  
format, 35  
header, 36  
assign  
cancelling, 67  
single channel, 47  
ASSIGN command, 47  
asterisk, 35  
asynchronous logs, 34  
atmosphere  
assigning, 47  
configuration, setting, 49  
control  
commands, 43  
logs, 70  
range measurements, 82  
tracking status, 98  
unassigning, 67  
channels, 108  
checksum, see cyclic redundancy check  
circuit board, 124  
clock  
delays, 82  
adjustment, 50  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
127  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Index  
Customer Service, 14  
aging parameter, 75  
bias, 50  
cut-off angle, setting, 53  
cyclic redundancy check (CRC), 35–36  
algorithm, 41  
dither, 54, 77  
drift, 50  
error, 50, 77  
internal, 41  
D
model, 77–78  
data  
parameters, 54  
receiver, 97  
raw, 87  
data bits, 51  
DC, 22, 113  
defaults, 112  
factory, 31  
status, 70, 77  
steer, 50  
CLOCKADJUST, 50  
CLOCKMODEL log, 77  
coaxial, 21, 23  
CODEFREQOFFSET command, 50  
COM command, 49, 51  
COM port  
differential corrections  
none available, 99  
stations, 99  
digital, 21, 114  
digital pulse blanking, 21  
dimensions, 111  
distance  
exceeded, 81  
dither, 77  
Doppler  
configuring, 51  
commands  
entering, 31  
formats, 35  
functional list, 43  
input, 30  
assign, 47  
settings, 88  
summary, 44  
instantaneous, 82  
jump, 50  
communication  
cable, 116  
offset, 48  
satellite visibility, 94  
tracking status, 98  
drift, 50  
communications commands, 43  
configuration  
additional equipment, 23  
antenna, 23  
E
channel, 49  
overview, 16  
eccentricity, 75  
echo, 51  
receiver, 88  
reset, 58, 61, 63  
status indicators, 107  
status logs, 107  
configuring  
ECUTOFF command, 53  
electrostatic discharge (ESD), 123–124  
elevation  
cut-off angle  
logging, 59  
low angles, 53  
setting, 53  
phase-lock-loop, 65  
serial ports, 51  
connectors, 113, 115  
constellation, 78  
control  
error, 99  
satellite visibility, 94  
tracking status, 98  
entering commands, 31  
ephemeris  
channel, 43  
commands, 43  
health, 99  
raw data, 86–87  
reset, 58, 61  
logs, 70  
control signals, 16  
conventions, document, 15  
corrected mean motion, 75  
corrections, accuracy, 56  
correlator technology, 84  
CPU, 34, 59  
time status, 40–41  
errors  
card status, 108  
clock, 50, 54, 77  
multipath, 82  
CRC, see cyclic redundancy check  
range reject codes, 99  
128  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Index  
fix, 56  
limit, 81  
response messages, 32  
tracking, 82  
of position, 80  
hexadecimal, 107  
convention, 15  
hold, logs, 59  
ESD, see electrostatic discharge  
extended cable lengths, 23  
external oscillator, 27, 54  
EXTERNALCLOCK, 54  
I
F
I/O, 114  
factory defaults, 31  
features, 21, 29  
fields  
convention, 15  
types, 38  
filter  
pseudorange, 98  
fine time, 41  
firmware  
identifier, ASCII, 35  
impedance, 113  
inclination angle, 75  
INPUT, 112  
input, 113–114  
commands, 30  
L
compile date, 100  
compile time, 100  
version, 100  
latitude  
fix, 56  
of position, 80  
LOADER utility, 104  
local horizon, 53  
lock signal, 66  
lock time, 98  
LOG command, 59  
logs  
FIX command, 56  
fix position, 56  
flag, parity, 82  
formats, 35  
ASCII, 35  
Binary, 36  
FRESET command, 58, 61  
functional overview, 21  
cancelling, 68–69  
configuring, 59  
formats, 35  
functional list, 70  
hold, 59  
G
Galileo, 18, 87  
summary, 71  
triggers, 34, 59  
types, 34  
GEO processing, 21  
Geodetic Survey of Canada, 125  
GPS  
standards and references, 125  
time, 36  
GPS overview, 41  
longitude  
fix, 56  
of position, 80  
LSB, 38  
LVTTL, 112  
H
handshaking, 51  
hardware  
M
mark input (MKI), 112  
memory  
buffer space, 34, 59  
non-volatile, 31, 58  
message  
almanac, 75  
formats, 35  
MKI, see mark input  
model  
reset, 58, 63  
version, 100  
hardware interface, 19  
header, 109  
ASCII, 36  
Binary, 37  
document convention, 15  
health  
satellite, 94, 99  
SV, 75  
height  
clock, 77–78  
reset, 58, 61  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
129  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Index  
unlog, 69  
position  
version, 100  
month, 101  
accuracy, 56  
base station, 30  
commands, 43  
fix, 56  
motion, mean, 75  
MSB, 38  
multipath, 82  
antenna models, 23  
logs, 70  
pseudorange, 80  
N
power, 99  
noise  
connector, 115  
supply, 23  
oscillators, 54  
thermal, 82  
time of, 78  
prerequisites, 15  
processing  
non-volatile memory (NVM), 31  
reset, 58  
note  
clock adjustment, 50  
notices, 9  
NovAtel Inc., 13  
circuitry, 22  
logs, 70  
prompts, 28  
pseudorange, 80  
error estimate, 82  
jump, 50  
measurement, 82  
position type, 80  
solution status, 80  
tracking status, 98  
PULSEBLANKING command, 62  
O
offset  
clock, 54, 77, 97  
Doppler, 47–48  
ONCE trigger, 34  
ONCHANGED trigger, 34  
one pulse per second (1 PPS), time, 97  
one pulse per second (1PPS), 43, 50  
ONNEW trigger, 34  
ONTIME trigger, 34  
oscillator, 50, 54, 77  
oscillators, 27  
Q
quotation marks, 35  
R
radio frequency (RF), 108  
GPSAntenna, 22  
GPSCard section, 21  
range  
output, 113  
data, 16  
bias, 77  
overload, 34, 59  
measurements, 50  
reject codes, 98  
range bias, 41  
overview  
functional, 21  
SBAS, 16–17  
RANGE log, 82  
range, bias, 78  
RAWFRAME log, 86  
receiver  
P
parity, 51, 86  
known flag, 82  
performance specifications, 110  
perigee, 75  
configuration, 88  
status, 34  
receiver status, 107  
replacement parts, 126  
reset, 31, 58, 61, 108, 112  
hardware, 58, 63  
RESET command, 63, 65  
residual, 98  
period, 59  
phase lock loop (PLL), 92  
phase-lock-loop  
configuring, 65  
defaults, 65  
polled logs, 34  
ports  
response messages  
formats, 32  
COM, 30  
TIME, 97  
IDs, 32  
strings, 32  
130  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Index  
synchronous logs, 34  
SYSTEMLEVELS log, 96  
RF, see radio frequency  
right ascension, 75  
rollover, GPS week, 15  
RXCOMMANDS log, 88  
RXSECSTATUS log, 91  
T
tests (built-in), 107, 109  
threshold  
signal acquisition, 66  
steady-state-lock signal, 66  
time  
S
satellite  
transmit, 22  
Satellite-Based Augmentation System, see  
SBAS  
anomaly, 75  
clock adjustments, 50  
coarse/fine, 40  
CPU, 34, 59  
satellites  
acquisition, 47  
clock dither, 54  
commands, 43  
elevation cut-off, 53  
errors, 99  
fine, 41  
GPS, 77, 97  
improve acquisition, 56  
logs, 70  
of ephemeris, 86  
status, 36, 40–41  
steering, 40, 50  
validity, 40  
PRN, 94  
raw, 86–87  
tracking, 82  
tracking, logs, 70  
visibility, 94  
TIME log, 97  
TIME port  
SATVIS log, 94  
SBAS, 16–17  
scope, 15  
data, 97  
tracking  
assignment, 47  
automatic, 67  
channel, 82, 98  
commands, 43  
continuous, 82, 98  
cut-off angle, 53  
logs, 70  
SDLLBW command, 64  
self-test, 29  
serial port, configuring, 51  
setting  
automatic gain control, 45  
blanking threshold, 46  
elevation cut-off angle, 53  
signal acquisition, 66  
signals, 16  
loops, 82  
status, 98  
TRACKSTAT log, 98  
triggers, 34, 59  
types  
specifications  
performance, 110  
SPLLBW command, 64–65  
standards, 125  
fields, 38  
logs, 34  
start up  
command settings, 31  
static, 123–124  
status  
channel tracking, 82, 98  
commands, 43  
receiver, 34, 36, 70  
steer  
clock, 50  
time, 40–41  
STHRESHOLD command, 66  
stop bits, 51  
U
U.S. National Geodetic Survey, 125  
unassign  
single channel, 67  
UNASSIGN command, 67  
unlog  
all logs, 69  
hold, 69  
one log, 68  
UNLOG command, 68  
UNLOGALL command, 69  
subframe, 86  
subframe data, 87  
support, 13  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
131  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Index  
V
VCTCXO, see oscillator  
velocity  
limit, 81  
VERSION log, 99–100  
versions, 100  
visibility, satellite, 94  
voltage, 112  
W
warnings, 9, 22–24  
warranty, 13, 22  
week  
reference, 86  
weighting, pseudorange filter, 98  
WGS84, 56  
wide-area reference station, 16  
word, 86  
Y
year, 101  
132  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Index  
EuroPak-15a Receiver User Manual Rev 5  
133  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Recyclable  
Printed in Canada on recycled paper  
OM-20000100  
Rev 5  
2007/04/26  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  

Miele Oven H 4684 B User Manual
NAD Blu ray Player T557 User Manual
Nintendo Video Games 45496901912 User Manual
Nostalgia Electrics Electric Cookie Press COM 102 User Manual
Omnimount TV Video Accessories G353 User Manual
Omnitron Systems Technology Network Card 2Tx User Manual
Panasonic Camcorder Accessories BT LT80W User Manual
Panasonic Camcorder AJ D910WA User Manual
Panasonic Fax Machine KX PW55CL User Manual
Partner Tech Lawn Mower P11577 User Manual