McCulloch Chainsaw MAC 316 XT User Manual

INSTRUCTION MANUAL  
IMPORTANT INFORMATION: Please read these instructions carefully  
and make sure you understand them before using this unit. Retain these  
instructions for future reference.  
GB  
FR  
MANUEL D’INSTRUCTIONS  
RENSEIGNEMENTS IMPORTANTS: Avant d’utiliser cet appareil,  
veuillez lire atentivement les instructions et assurez--vous de les avoir  
comprises. Conservez les instructions pour référence ultérieure.  
BETRIEBSANWEISUNG  
WICHTIGE INFORMATION: Lesen Sie diese Hinweise zur Handha-  
bung des Geräts aufmerksam durch. Verwenden Sie es erst, wenn  
Sie sicher sind, daß Sie alle Anweisungen verstanden haben und  
gut aufbewahren.  
DE  
ES  
MANUAL DE INSTRUCCIONES  
INFORMACIÓN IMPORTANTE: Lea atentamente las instrucciones y  
asegúrese de entenderlas antes de utilizar esta aparato. Conserve las  
instrucciones para la referencia en el futuro.  
545167693 Rev. 1 3/31/08 BRW  
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IDENTIFICATION OF SYMBOLS  
Starting Reminder  
Move ON/STOP switch to  
the ON position.  
Pull the starter rope  
sharply 5 times with your  
right hand.  
Push the choke/fast idle  
lever in to the HALF  
CHOKE position.  
Slowly press primer bulb  
6 times.  
Pull choke/fast idle lever  
out to the full extent (to  
the FULL CHOKE posi-  
tion).  
Pull the starter rope sharply  
with your right hand until  
the engine starts.  
SAFETY RULES  
S Always use approved hearing protection.  
Regular users should have hearing  
checked regularly as chain saw noise can  
damage hearing. Long--term exposure to  
noise can result in permanent hearing im-  
pairment.  
WARNING: Always disconnect  
spark plug wire and place wire where it can-  
not contact spark plug to prevent accidental  
starting when setting up, transporting, ad-  
justing or making repairs except carburetor  
adjustments.  
Because a chain saw is a high-speed wood-  
cutting tool, special safety precautions must  
be observed to reduce the risk of accidents.  
Careless or improper use of this tool can  
cause serious injury.  
S Keep all parts of your body away from the  
chain when the engine is running.  
S Keep children, bystanders, and animals a  
minimum of 10 Meters away from the work  
area. Do not allow other people or animals  
to be near the chain saw when starting or  
operating the chain saw.  
S Do not handle or operate a chain saw when  
you are fatigued, ill, or upset, or if you have  
taken alcohol, drugs, or medication. You  
must be in good physical condition and men-  
tally alert. Chain saw work is strenuous. If  
you have any condition that might be aggra-  
vated by strenuous work, check with your  
doctor before operating a chain saw.  
PLAN AHEAD  
S Read this manual carefully until you com-  
pletely understand and can follow all safety  
rules, precautions, and operating instruc-  
tions before attempting to use the unit.  
S Restrict the use of your saw to adult users  
who understand and can follow safety  
rules, precautions, and operating instruc-  
tions found in this manual.  
S Carefully plan your sawingoperation inad-  
vance. Do not start cutting until you havea  
clear work area, secure footing, and, if you  
are felling trees, a planned retreat path.  
Safety Hat  
Hearing  
Protection  
e  
otection  
Snug  
OPERATE YOUR SAW SAFELY  
Fitting  
Clothing  
avy Duty  
oves  
WARNING: Long term inhalation of  
the engine’s exhaust fumes, chain oil mist and  
dust from sawdust can result in serious per-  
sonal injury.  
S Do not operate a chain saw with one hand.  
Serious injury to the operator, helpers, by-  
standers or any combination of these per-  
sons may result from one-handed operation.  
A chain saw is intended for two-handed use.  
S Operate the chain saw only in a well-venti-  
lated outdoor area.  
S Do not operate saw from a ladder or in a tree,  
unless you are specifically trained to do so.  
S Make sure the chain will not make contact  
with any object while starting the engine.  
Never try to start the saw when the guide  
bar is in a cut.  
Sa
Sh
Chaps  
S Wear protective gear. Always use steel-toed  
safety footwear with non-slip soles; snug-fit-  
ting clothing; heavy-duty, non-slip gloves;  
eye protection such as non-fogging, vented  
goggles or face screen; an approved safety  
hard hat; and sound barriers (ear plugs or  
mufflers) to protect your hearing. Secure hair  
above shoulder length.  
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S Do not put pressure on the saw at the end of  
the cut. Applying pressure can cause you to  
lose control when the cut is completed.  
S Stop the engine before setting the saw  
down.  
S Do not operate a chain saw that is dam-  
aged, improperly adjusted, or not com-  
pletely and securely assembled. Always  
replace bar, chain, hand guard, or chain  
brake immediately if it becomes damaged,  
broken or is otherwise removed.  
CHECKING, MAINTAINING AND  
SERVICING CHAIN SAW SAFETY  
EQUIPMENT  
WARNING: Never use a chain saw  
with defective safety equipment. Safety  
equipment must be inspected and main-  
tained. If your chain saw does not pass in-  
spection, take the saw to your nearest ser-  
vice dealer for repair.  
S Chain brake. Brush off any wood dust, res-  
in and dirt from the chain brake and clutch  
drum. Dirt and wear can impair operation of  
the brake. For additional information, see  
OPERATING YOUR UNIT section.  
S Throttle trigger lock -out. Check that the  
throttle trigger can not beoperated until the  
throttle lock--out is pressed.  
S Chain catcher. Check that the chain  
catcher is not damaged and is firmly at-  
tached to the body of the chain saw.  
S Vibration damping system. Regularly  
check the vibration damping units for  
cracks or deformation. Make sure the  
vibration damping units are securely at-  
tached to the engine unit and handle unit.  
S ON/STOP switch. Start the engine and  
make sure the engine stops when you  
move the ON/STOP switch to the STOP  
position.  
S With the engine stopped, hand carry the  
chain saw with the muffler away from your  
body, and the guide bar and chain to the  
rear, preferably covered with a scabbard.  
CHAIN SAW SAFETY EQUIPMENT  
NOTE: In this section, the safety features of  
the chain saw and their function are explained.  
For inspection and maintenance, see instruc-  
tions in the CHECKING, MAINTAINING AND  
SERVICING CHAIN SAW SAFETY EQUIP-  
MENT section. See instructions under the  
WHAT IS WHAT? section, to find where these  
parts are located on your chain saw. The life  
span of the machine can be reduced and the  
risk of accidents can increase if machine main-  
tenance is not carried out correctly and if ser-  
vice and/or repairs are not carried out profes-  
sionally. If you need further information, please  
contact your nearest service dealer.  
S Chain brake. Your chain saw is equipped  
with a chain brake that is designed to stop  
the chain from moving.  
MAINTAIN YOUR SAW IN GOOD  
WORKING ORDER  
S Have all chain saw service performed by a  
qualified service dealer with the exception of  
the items listed in the maintenance section of  
this manual. For example, if improper tools  
are used to remove or hold the flywheel  
when servicing the clutch, structural damage  
to the flywheel can occur and cause the fly-  
wheel to burst.  
WARNING: The chain brake is de-  
signed to stop the chain immediately if you  
get a kickback. The chain brake reduces the  
risk of accidents, but only you can prevent  
them. DO NOT ASSUMETHAT THE CHAIN  
BRAKE WILL PROTECT YOU IN THE  
EVENT OF A KICKBACK.  
S Throttle trigger lock -out. The throttle  
lock--out is designed to prevent accidental  
operation of the throttle trigger.  
S Chain catcher. The chain catcher is de-  
signed to catch the saw chain if it breaks.  
S Vibration damping system. Your chain  
saw is equipped with a vibration damping  
system that is designed to minimize vibra-  
tion and make operation easier.  
S Make certain the saw chain stops moving  
when the throttle trigger is released. For  
correction, refer to CARBURETOR AD-  
JUSTMENTS.  
S Never modify your saw in any way. Use  
only attachments supplied or specifically  
recommended by the manufacturer.  
S Keep the handles dry, clean, and free of oil  
or fuel mixture.  
S Keep fuel and oil caps, screws, and fas-  
teners securely tightened.  
S Use only McCulloch accessories and re-  
placement parts as recommended.  
SAFETY NOTICE: Exposure to vibrations  
through prolonged use of gasoline powered  
hand tools could cause blood vessel or nerve  
damage in the fingers, hands, and joints of peo-  
ple prone to circulation disorders or abnormal  
swellings. Prolonged use in cold weather has  
been linked to blood vessel damage in other-  
wise healthy people. If symptoms occur such  
as numbness, pain, loss of strength, change in  
skin color or texture, or loss of feeling in the fin-  
gers, hands, or joints, discontinue the use of  
this tool and seek medical attention. An anti-  
vibration system does not guarantee the avoid-  
ance of these problems. Users who operate  
power tools on a continual and regular basis  
must monitor closely their physical condition  
and the condition of this tool.  
HANDLE FUEL WITH CAUTION  
S Do not smoke while handling fuel or while  
operating the saw.  
S Eliminate all sources of sparks or flame in  
the areas where fuel is mixed or poured.  
There should be nosmoking, openflames,  
or work that could cause sparks. Allow en-  
gine to cool before refueling.  
S Mix and pour fuel in an outdoor area on bare  
ground; store fuel in a cool, dry, well venti-  
lated place; and use an approved, marked  
container for all fuel purposes. Wipe up all  
fuel spills before starting saw.  
S Move at least 10 feet (3 meters) from fuel-  
ing site before starting engine.  
S ON/STOP switch. The ON/STOP switch  
should be used to stop the engine.  
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S Turn the engine off and let saw cool in a  
non-combustible area, not on dry leaves,  
straw, paper, etc. Slowly remove fuel cap  
and refuel unit.  
Avoid obstructions  
S Storetheunit and fuel in an area where fuel  
vapors cannot reach sparks or open  
flames from water heaters, electric motors  
or switches, furnaces, etc.  
Clear the  
working area  
REDUCE THE CHANCE OF  
KICKBACK  
KICKBACK  
S Recognize that kickback can happen.  
With a basic understanding of kickback,  
you can reduce the element of surprise  
which contributes to accidents.  
WARNING: Avoid kickback which  
can result in serious injury. Kickback is the  
backward, upwardor sudden forwardmotion  
of the guide bar occurring when the saw  
chain near the upper tip of theguide bar con-  
tacts any object such as a log or branch, or  
when the wood closes in and pinches the  
saw chain in the cut. Contacting a foreignob-  
ject in the wood can also result in loss of  
chain saw control.  
S Rotational Kickback can occur when the  
moving chain contacts an object at the up-  
per tip of the guide bar. This contact can  
cause the chain to dig into the object,  
which stops the chain for an instant. The  
result is a lightning fast, reverse reaction  
which kicks the guide bar up and back to-  
ward the operator.  
S Pinch-Kickback can occur when the the  
wood closes in and pinches the moving  
saw chain in the cut along the top of the  
guide bar and the saw chain is suddenly  
stopped. This sudden stopping of the  
chain results in a reversal of the chain  
force used to cut wood and causes the  
saw to move in the opposite direction of the  
chain rotation. The saw is driven straight  
back toward the operator.  
S Never let themoving chain contact any ob-  
ject at the tip of the guide bar.  
S Keep the working area free from obstruc-  
tions such as other trees, branches, rocks,  
fences, stumps, etc. Eliminate or avoid any  
obstruction that your saw chain could hit  
while you are cutting through a particular log  
or branch.  
S Keep your saw chain sharp and properly  
tensioned. A loose or dull chain can increase  
the chance of kickback occurring. Follow  
manufacturer’s chain sharpening and main-  
tenance instructions. Check tension at regu-  
lar intervals with the engine stopped, never  
with the engine running. Make sure the bar  
clamp nuts are securely tightened after ten-  
sioning the chain.  
S Begin and continue cutting at full speed. If  
the chain is moving at a slower speed, there  
is greater chance of kickback occurring.  
S Cut one log at a time.  
S Use extreme caution when re-entering a  
previous cut.  
S Do not attempt cuts starting with the tip of  
the bar (plunge cuts).  
S Watch for shifting logs or other forces that  
could close a cut and pinch or fall into chain.  
S Use the Reduced--Kickback Guide Bar and  
Low--Kickback Chain specified for your saw.  
S Pull-In can occur when the moving chain  
contacts a foreign object in the wood in the  
cut along the bottom of the guide bar and the  
saw chain is suddenly stopped. This sudden  
stopping pulls the saw forward and away  
from the operator and could easily cause the  
operator to lose control of the saw.  
MAINTAIN CONTROL  
Stand to the lef
the saw  
Avoid Pinch -Kickback:  
S Be extremely aware of situations or obstruc-  
tions that can cause material to pinch the top  
of or otherwise stop the chain.  
S Do not cut more than one log at a time.  
S Do not twist the saw as the bar is with-  
drawn from an undercut when bucking.  
Avoid Pull -In:  
Never reverse  
hand positions  
S Always begin cutting with the engine at full  
speed and the saw housing against wood.  
S Use wedges made of plastic or wood.  
Never use metal to hold the cut open.  
Kickback Path  
Elbow locked  
Thumb on underside of  
handlebar  
5
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S Keep a good, firm grip on the saw with both  
hands when the engine is running and don’t  
let go. A firm grip will help you reduce kick-  
back and maintain control of the saw. Keep  
the fingers of your left hand encircling and  
your left thumb under the front handlebar.  
Keep your right hand completely around the  
rear handle whether your are right handed or  
left handed. Keep your left arm straight with  
the elbow locked.  
S Low--Kickback Chain, designed with a  
contoured depth gauge and guard link  
which deflect kickback force and allow  
wood to gradually ride into the cutter.  
Low-Kickback Chain  
Contoured Depth Gauge  
Elongated Guard Link  
Deflects Kickback  
Force And Allows  
Wood To Gradually  
Ride Into Cutter  
S Position your left hand on the front handle-  
bar so it is in a straight line with your right  
hand on the rear handle when making  
bucking cuts. Never reverse right and left  
hand positions for any type of cutting.  
S Standwith your weight evenly balancedon  
both feet.  
S Handguard, designed to reduce the chance  
of your left hand contacting the chain if your  
hand slips off the front handlebar.  
S Position of front and rear handlebars, de-  
signed with distance between handles and  
“in-line” with each other. The spread and  
“in-line” position of the hands provided by  
this design work together to give balance  
and resistance in controlling the pivot of  
the saw back toward the operator if kick-  
back occurs.  
S Stand slightly to the left side of the saw to  
keep your body from being in a direct line  
with the cutting chain.  
S Do not overreach. You could be drawn or  
thrown off balance and lose control of the  
saw.  
S Do not cut above shoulder height. It is diffi-  
cult to maintain control of saw above  
shoulder height.  
WARNING: DO NOT RELY UPON  
ANY OF THE DEVICES BUILT INTO YOUR  
SAW. YOU SHOULD USE THE SAW  
PROPERLY AND CAREFULLY TO AVOID  
KICKBACK. Reduced--kickback guide bars  
and low--kickback saw chains reduce the  
chance and magnitude of kickback and are  
recommended. Your saw has a low kickback  
chain and bar as original equipment. Re-  
pairs on a chain brake should be made by an  
authorized servicing dealer. Takeyour unit to  
the place of purchase if purchased from a  
servicing dealer, or to the nearest authorized  
master service dealer.  
S Tip contact in some cases may cause a  
lightning fast reverse REACTION, kicking  
the guide bar upand back toward theoper-  
ator.  
S Pinching the saw chain along the top of the  
guide bar may push the guide bar rapidly  
back toward the operator.  
KICKBACK SAFETY FEATURES  
WARNING: The following features are  
included on your saw to help reduce the hazard  
of kickback; however, such features will not to-  
tally eliminate this dangerous reaction. As a  
chain saw user, do not rely only on safety de-  
vices. You must follow all safety precautions,  
instructions, and maintenance in this manual to  
help avoid kickback and other forces which  
can result in serious injury.  
S Reduced--Kickback Guide Bar, designed  
with a small radius tip which reduces the size  
of the kickback danger zone on the bar tip. A  
Reduced--Kickback Guide Bar has been  
demonstrated to significantly reduce the  
number and seriousness of kickbacks.  
Reduced Kickback  
Symmetrical  
Guide Bar  
S Either of these reactions may cause you to  
lose control of the saw which could result  
in serious injury. Do not rely exclusively  
uponthesafety devices built into your saw.  
Small Radius Tip  
Symm
Large Radius Tip  
ASSEMBLY  
Protective gloves (not provided) should be  
worn during assembly.  
ATTACHING THE BUMPER SPIKE  
(If not already attached)  
The bumper spike may be used as a pivot  
when making a cut.  
1. Loosen and remove thechain brakenuts  
and the chain brake from the saw.  
2. Attach the bumper spike with the two  
screws as illustrated.  
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Depth Gauge  
ATTACHING THE BAR & CHAIN  
Cutters  
(If not already attached)  
WARNING: Recheck each assem-  
bly step if the saw is received assembled. Al-  
ways wear gloves when handling the chain.  
The chain is sharp and can cut you even  
when it is not moving!  
Drive Links  
1. Loosen and remove thechain brakenuts  
and the chain brake from the saw.  
2. Remove the plastic shipping spacer (if  
present).  
Place chain onto the sprocket  
7. Place chain over and behind clutch, fitting  
the drive links in the clutch drum sprocket.  
8. Fit bottom of drive links between the  
teeth in the sprocket in the nose of the  
guide bar.  
Clutch Drum  
Chain Brake  
Nuts  
9. Fit chain drive links into bar groove.  
10. Pull guide bar forward until chain is snug  
in guide bar groove. Ensure all drive  
links are in the bar groove.  
3. An adjusting pin and screw is used to ad-  
just the tension of the chain. It is very im-  
portant when assembling the bar, that the  
pin located on the adjusting screw aligns  
into a hole in the bar. Turning the screw will  
move the adjustment pin up and down the  
screw. Locate this adjustment before you  
begin mounting the bar onto the saw. See  
illustration below.  
11. Now, install chain brake making sure the  
adjusting pin is positioned in the lower  
hole in the guide bar. Remember this pin  
moves the bar forward and backward as  
the screw is turned.  
12. Install chainbrake nuts and finger tighten  
only. Once the chain is tensioned, you  
will need to tighten chain brake nuts.  
ide view of  
ain Brake  
CHAIN TENSION (Including units  
with chain already installed)  
NOTE: When adjusting chain tension, make  
sure the chain brake nuts are finger tight only.  
Attempting to tension the chain when the chain  
brake nuts are tight can cause damage.  
Adjustment located on Chain Brake  
4. Turn the adjusting screw by hand coun-  
terclockwise until the adjusting pin just  
touches the stop. This should allow the  
pin to be near the correct position.  
5. Slide guide bar behind clutch drum until  
guide bar stops against clutch drum  
sprocket.  
Checking the tension:  
Use the screwdriver end of the chain adjust-  
ment tool (bar tool) to move the chain around  
the bar. If the chain does not rotate, it is too  
tight. If too loose, the chain will sag below the  
bar.  
Mount the Bar  
Chain Adjustment  
6. Carefully remove the chain from the pack-  
age. Hold chain with the drive links as  
shown.  
Chain Brake Nuts  
Tool (Bar Tool)  
Adjusting the tension:  
Chain tension is very important. Chain  
stretches during use. This is especially true  
during the first few times you use your saw.  
Always check chain tension each time you  
use and refuel your saw. You can adjust the  
chain tension by loosening the chain brake  
nuts and turning the adjusting screw 1/4 of a  
turn while lifting up on the bar.  
Tip of  
Bar  
S If chain is too tight, turnadjusting screw 1/4  
turn counterclockwise.  
CUTTERS MUST FACE IN  
DIIRECTION OF ROTATION  
S If chain is too loose, turn adjusting screw  
1/4 turn clockwise.  
7
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Guide Bar  
Chain Brake Nuts  
WARNING: If the saw is operated  
with a loose chain, the chain could jump off  
the guide bar and result in serious injury.  
Adjusting Screw -- 1/4 Turn  
WARNING: Muffler is very hot during  
and after use. Do not touch the muffler or al-  
low combustible material such as dry grass  
or fuel to do so.  
S Lift up the tip of the bar and securely tight-  
en the chain brake nuts with the bar tool.  
S Recheck chain tension.  
OPERATING YOUR UNIT  
tem of an engine while in storage. To avoid  
engine problems, empty the fuel system be-  
fore storage for 30 days or longer. Drain the  
gas tank, start the engine and let it run until  
the fuel lines and carburetor are empty. Use  
fresh fuel next season. Never use engine or  
carburetor cleaner products in the fuel tank  
or permanent damage may occur.  
BEFORE STARTING ENGINE  
WARNING: Be sure to read the fuel  
information in the safety rules before you be-  
gin. If you donot understand the safety rules,  
do not attempt to fuel your unit. Contact an  
authorized service dealer.  
BAR AND CHAIN LUBRICATION  
The bar and chain require continuous lubri-  
cation. Lubrication is provided by the auto-  
matic oiler system when the oil tank is kept  
filled. Lack of oil will quickly ruin the bar and  
chain. Too little oil will cause overheating  
shown by smoke coming from the chain and/  
or discoloration of the bar.  
CHAIN BRAKE  
Ensure chain brake is disengaged by pulling  
the front hand guard back toward the front han-  
dle as far as possible. The chain brake must  
be disengaged before cutting with the saw.  
WARNING: The chain must not  
move when the engine runs at idle speed. If  
the chain moves at idle speed refer to CAR-  
BURETOR ADJUSTMENT within this  
manual. Avoid contact with the muffler. A hot  
muffler can cause serious burns.  
Only use Bar and Chain Oil for bar and chain  
lubrication.  
Oil Cap  
Fuel mix cap  
To stop the engine, move the ON/STOP  
switch to the STOP position.  
To start the engine, hold the saw firmly on  
the ground as illustrated below. Make sure  
the chain is free to turn without contacting  
any object.  
Use only 15--- 1 8 of rope per pull.  
Hold saw firmly while pulling starter rope.  
FUELING ENGINE  
WARNING: Remove fuel cap slowly  
when refueling.  
This engine is certified to operate on unleaded  
gasoline. Before operation, gasoline must be  
mixed with a good quality 2-cycle air-cooled  
engine oil designed to be mixed at a ratio of  
40:1. A 40:1 ratio is obtained by mixing 0,125  
liter of oil with 5 liters of unleaded gasoline. DO  
NOT USE automotive or boat oil. These oils  
will cause engine damage. When mixing fuel  
follow the instructions printed on the container.  
Always read and follow the safety rules relating  
to fuel before fueling your unit.  
IMPORTANT POINTS TO REMEMBER  
When pulling the starter rope, do not use the full  
extent of the rope as this can cause the rope to  
break. Do not let starter rope snap back. Hold  
the handle and let the rope rewind slowly.  
For cold weather starting, start the unit at full  
choke; allow the engine to warm up before  
squeezing the throttle trigger.  
IMPORTANT  
Experience indicates that alcohol blended  
fuels (called gasohol or using ethanol or  
methanol) can attract moisture which leads  
to separation and formation of acids during  
storage. Acidic gas can damage the fuelsys-  
NOTE:Do not cut material with the choke/fast  
idle lever at the FULL CHOKE position.  
8
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Starting could require pulling the starter rope  
handle many times depending on how badly  
the unit is flooded. If engine fails to start, re-  
fer to the TROUBLESHOOTING TABLE.  
STARTING A COLD ENGINE (or a  
warm engine after running out of  
fuel)  
NOTE:Inthefollowing steps, when the cho-  
ke/fast idle lever is pulled out to the full ex-  
tent, the correct throttle setting for starting is  
set automatically.  
CHAIN BRAKE  
WARNING: If the brake band is worn  
too thin it may break when the chain brake is  
triggered. With a broken brake band, the chain  
brake will not stop the chain. The chain brake  
should be replaced by an authorized service  
dealer if any part is worn to less than 0,02(0,5  
mm) thick. Repairs on a chain brake should be  
made by an authorized service dealer. Take  
your unit to the place of purchase if purchased  
from a servicing dealer, or to the nearest autho-  
rized master service dealer.  
S This saw is equipped with a chain brake.  
The brake is designed to stop the chain if  
kickback occurs.  
S The inertia activated chain brake is acti-  
vated if the front hand guard is pushed for-  
ward, either manually or by centrifugal  
force.  
ON/STOP SWITCH  
(SIDE VIEW)  
ON  
STOP  
1. Move ON/STOP switch to the ON posi-  
tion.  
2. Slowly press primer bulb 6 times.  
3. Pull out choke/fast idle to the full extent  
(to the FULL CHOKE position).  
4. Pull the starter rope sharply 5 times with  
your right hand. Then, proceed to the  
next step.  
S If the brake is already activated, it is disen-  
gaged by pulling the front hand guard back  
toward the front handle as far as possible.  
S When cutting with the saw, the chain brake  
must be disengaged.  
NOTE: If the engine sounds as if it is trying  
to start before the 5th pull, stop pulling and  
immediately proceed to the next step.  
5. Push the choke/fast idle lever in to the  
HALF CHOKE position.  
Disengaged  
CHOKE/FAST IDLE LEVER  
Engaged  
(SIDE VIEW)  
Choke/  
Braking function control  
fast idle lever  
OFF HALF FULL  
CAUTION: The chain brake must be  
checked several times daily. The engine  
must be running when performing this proce-  
dure. This is the only instance when the saw  
should be placed on the ground with the en-  
gine running.  
6. Pull the starter rope sharply with your  
right hand until the engine starts.  
7. Allow the engine to run for approximately  
30 seconds. Then, squeeze and release  
throttle trigger to allow engine to return to  
idle speed.  
Place the saw on firm ground. Grip the rear  
handlewith your right hand andthe front han-  
dle with your left hand. Apply full throttle by  
fully depressing the throttle trigger. Activate  
the chain brake by turning your left wrist  
against the hand guard without releasing  
your grip around the front handle. The chain  
should stop immediately.  
STARTING A WARM ENGINE  
1. Move ON/STOP switch to the ON posi-  
tion.  
2. Slowly press the primer bulb 6 times.  
3. Pull the choke/fast idle lever out to the  
HALF CHOKE position.  
4. Pull the starter rope sharply with your  
right hand until the engine starts.  
5. Squeeze and release throttle trigger to  
allow engine to return to idle speed.  
Inertia activating function control  
WARNING: When performing the fol-  
lowing procedure, the engine must be turned  
off.  
DIFFICULT STARTING (or starting a  
flooded engine)  
Grip the rear handle with your right hand and  
the front handle with your left hand. Hold the  
chain saw approximately 14” (35 cm) above  
a stump or other wooden surface. Release  
your grip on the front handle and use the  
weight of the saw to let the top of the guide  
bar fall forward and contact the stump.  
When the tip of the bar hits the stump, the  
brake should activate.  
The engine may be flooded with too much  
fuel if it has not started after 10 pulls.  
Flooded engines can be cleared of excess  
fuel by pushing the choke/fast idle lever in  
completely (to the OFF CHOKE position)  
and then following the warm engine starting  
procedure listed above. Ensure the ON/  
STOP switch is in the ON position.  
9
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CUTTING METHODS  
and wire from the tree where cuts are to be  
IMPORTANT POINTS  
made.  
S Check chain tension before first use and af-  
ter 1 minute of operation. See CHAIN TEN-  
SION in the ASSEMBLY section.  
Plan a clear retreat path  
S Cut wood only. Do not cut metal, plastics,  
masonry, non-wood building materials, etc.  
S The bumper spike may be used as a pivot  
when making a cut.  
S Stop the saw if the chain strikes a foreign  
object. Inspect thesaw and repair parts as  
necessary.  
Direction of Fall  
45_  
S Keep the chain out of dirt and sand. Evena  
small amount of dirt will quickly dull a chain  
and increase the possibility of kickback.  
S Practice cutting a few small logs using the  
following techniques to get the “feel” of us-  
ing your saw before you begin a major  
sawing operation.  
FELLING LARGE TREES  
(15 cm in diameter or larger)  
The notch method is used to fell large trees.  
A notch is cut on the side of the tree in thede-  
sired direction of fall. After a felling cut is  
made on the opposite side of tree, the tree  
will tend to fall into the notch.  
S
S
S
S
S
Squeeze the throttle trigger and allow the  
engine to reach full speed before cutting.  
Begin cutting with the saw frame  
against the log.  
NOTCH CUT AND FELLING THE  
TREE  
S Make notch cut by cutting the top of the  
notch first. Cut through 1/3 of the diameter  
of the tree. Next complete the notch by cut-  
ting the bottom of the notch. See illustra-  
tion. Once the notch is cut remove the  
notch of wood from the tree.  
Keep the engine at full speed the entire  
time you are cutting.  
Allow the chain to cut for you. Exert only  
light downward pressure.  
Release the throttle trigger as soon as  
the cut is completed, allowing the en-  
gine to idle. If you run the saw at full  
throttle without a cutting load, unneces-  
sary wear can occur.  
Final cut here. 5 cm above  
center of notch.  
First cut  
Notch  
5 cm  
S
To avoid losing control when cut is com-  
plete, do not put pressure on saw at end  
of cut.  
S Stop the engine before setting the saw down.  
5 cm  
TREE FELLING TECHNIQUES  
WARNING: Do not cut near buildings  
or electrical wires if you do not know the di-  
rection of tree fall, at night since you will not  
be able to see well, or during bad weather  
such as rain, snow, or strong winds. as fall is  
unpredictable.  
Carefully plan your sawing operation in ad-  
vance. You need a clear area all around the  
tree so you can have secure footing. Check  
for broken or dead branches which can fall  
on you causing serious injury.  
Natural conditions that can cause a tree to  
fall in a particular direction include:  
S The wind direction and speed.  
S The lean of the tree. The lean of a tree  
might not be apparent due to uneven or  
sloping terrain. Use a plumb or level to de-  
termine the direction of tree lean.  
S Weight and branches on one side.  
S Surrounding trees and obstacles.  
Look for decay and rot. If the trunk is rotted,  
it can snap and fall toward the operator.  
Make sure there is enough room for the tree to  
fall. Maintain a distance of 2-1/2 tree lengths  
from the nearest person or other objects. En-  
gine noise can drown out a warning call.  
Remove dirt, stones, loose bark, nails, staples,  
Second cut  
S After removing the wood from the notch,  
make the felling cut on the opposite side of  
the notch. This is done by making a cut about  
two inches higher than the center of the  
notch. This will leave enough uncut wood be-  
tween the felling cut and the notch to form a  
hinge. This hinge will help prevent the tree  
from falling in the wrong direction.  
Hinge holds tree on stump and helps  
control fall  
Opening  
of felling  
cut  
Closing  
of notch  
NOTE: Before felling cut is complete, use  
wedges to open the cut when necessary to  
controlthedirectionof fall. To avoid kickback  
or chain damage, use wood or plastic  
wedges, but never steel or iron wedges.  
10  
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S Be alert to signs that the tree is ready to fall:  
cracking sounds, widening of the felling cut,  
or movement in the upper branches.  
S As tree starts to fall, stop saw, put it down,  
and get away quickly on your planned re-  
treat path.  
WARNING: Never turn saw upside  
down to undercut. The saw cannot be con-  
trolled in this position.  
First cut on pressure side of log  
S DO NOT cut down a partially fallen tree with  
your saw. Be extremely cautious with par-  
tially fallen trees that may be poorly sup-  
ported. When a tree doesn’t fall completely,  
set the saw aside and pull down the tree with  
a cable winch, block and tackle, or tractor.  
Second cut  
Second cut  
CUTTING A FALLEN TREE  
(BUCKING)  
Bucking is the term used for cutting a fallen  
tree to the desired log length.  
First cut on pressure side of log  
WARNING: Do not stand on the log  
being cut. Any portion can roll causing loss  
of footing and control. Do not stand downhill  
of the log being cut.  
BUCKING WITHOUT A  
SUPPORT  
S Overcut through 1/3 of the diameter of the  
log.  
S Roll the log over and finish with a second  
overcut.  
S Give special attention to logs under strain  
to prevent the saw from pinching. Make  
the first cut on the pressure side to relieve  
the stress on the log.  
Important points  
S Cut only one log at a time.  
S Cut shattered wood very carefully; sharp  
pieces of woodcould beflung towardoper-  
ator.  
S Use a sawhorse to cut small logs. Never  
allow another person to hold the log while  
cutting and never hold the log with your leg  
or foot.  
BUCKING USING A LOG OR SUP-  
PORT STAND  
S Remember your first cut is always on the  
pressure side of the log.  
S Do not cut in an area where logs, limbs,  
and roots are tangled. Drag the logs into a  
clear area before cutting by pulling out ex-  
posed and cleared logs first.  
S Your first cut should extend 1/3 of the  
diameter of the log.  
S Finish with your second cut.  
nd  
Using a log for support  
2
Cut  
TYPES OF CUTTING USED FOR  
BUCKING  
WARNING: If saw becomes pinched  
or hung in a log, don’t try to force it out. You  
can lose control of the saw resulting in injury  
and/or damage to the saw. Stop the saw,  
drive a wedge of plastic or wood into the cut  
until the saw can be removed easily. Restart  
the saw and carefully reenter the cut. Do not  
attempt torestart your saw whenit is pinched  
or hung in a log.  
st  
1
Cut  
st  
1
Cut  
nd  
2
Cut  
Turn saw OFF and use a plastic or  
nd  
Using a support stand  
2
Cut  
wooden wedge to force cut open.  
Overcutting begins on the top sideof thelog  
with the saw against the log. When overcut-  
ting use light downward pressure.  
Overcutting  
Undercutting  
st  
1
Cut  
st  
1
Cut  
nd  
2
Cut  
Undercutting involves cutting on the under-  
side of the log with top of saw against the log.  
When undercutting use light upward pres-  
sure. Hold saw firmly and maintain control.  
The saw will tend to push back toward you.  
11  
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S Start at base of the felled tree and work to-  
ward the top, cutting branches and limbs.  
Remove small limbs with one cut.  
LIMBING AND PRUNING  
WARNING: Be alert for and guard  
against kickback. Do not allow the moving  
chain to contact any other branched or objects  
at the nose of the guide bar when limbing or  
pruning. Allowing such contact can result in  
serious injury.  
S Keep the tree between you and the chain  
as much as possible.  
S Remove larger, supporting branches with  
the cuttingtechniques described in BUCK-  
ING WITHOUT A SUPPORT.  
S Always use an overcut to cut small and  
freely hanging limbs. Undercutting could  
cause limbs to fall and pinch saw.  
WARNING: Never climb into a tree to  
limb or prune. Do not stand on ladders, plat-  
forms, a log, or in any position which can cause  
you to lose your balance or control of the saw.  
PRUNING  
WARNING: Limit pruning to limbs  
shoulder height or below. Do not cut if  
branches are higher than your shoulder. Get  
a professional to do the job.  
IMPORTANT POINTS  
S Watch out for springpoles. Use extreme  
caution when cutting small size limbs. Slen-  
der material may catch the saw chain and be  
whipped toward you or pull you off balance.  
S Be alert for springback. Watch out for  
branches that are bent or under pressure.  
Avoid being struck by the branch or the  
saw when the tension in the wood fibers is  
released.  
S Make your fist cut 1/3 of the way through  
the bottom of the limb.  
S Next make a 2nd cut all the way through  
the limb. Then cut a third overcut leaving  
a1 to 2inchcollar fromthetrunk of thetree.  
S Keep a clear work area. Frequently clear  
branches out of the way to avoid tripping  
over them.  
Second cut  
Third cut  
LIMBING  
S Always limb atreeafter it is cut down. Only  
then can limbing be done safely and prop-  
erly.  
S Leave the larger limbs underneath the  
felled tree to support the tree as you work.  
Collar  
First cut  
Pruning technique  
SERVICE AND ADJUSTMENTS  
AIR FILTER  
WARNING: Disconnect the spark  
plug before performing maintenance, except  
for carburetor adjustments.  
CAUTION: Do not clean filter in gaso-  
line or other flammable solvent to avoid  
creating a fire hazard or producing harmful  
evaporative emissions.  
We recommend all service and adjustments  
not listed in this manual be performed by an  
Authorized Service Dealer.  
Cleaning the air filter:  
A dirty air filter decreases engine perform-  
ance and increases fuel consumption and  
harmful emissions. Always clean after every  
5 hours of operation.  
MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE  
Check:  
Fuel mixture level . . . . Before each use  
Bar lubrication . . . . . . . Before each use  
Chain tension . . . . . . . Before each use  
Chain sharpness . . . . Before each use  
For damaged parts . . Before each use  
For loose caps . . . . . . Before each use  
For loose fasteners . . . Before each use  
For loose parts . . . . . . Before each use  
Inspect and Clean:  
1. Clean the cover and the area around it to  
keep dirt and sawdust from falling into  
the carburetor chamber when the cover  
is removed.  
2. Remove the parts as illustrated below.  
3. Wash the filter in soap and water. Rinse  
in clean cool water. Air dry completely  
before reinstalling.  
4. Add a few drops of oil to the filter;  
squeeze filter to distribute oil.  
5. Reinstall parts.  
Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Before each use  
Complete saw . . . . . . . After each use  
Air filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . Every 5 hours*  
Chain brake . . . . . . . . Every 5 hours*  
Spark arresting screen  
Cylinder  
Air
over  
crews  
and muffler . . . . . . . . . Every 25 hours*  
Replace spark plug . Yearly  
Replace fuel filter . . . Yearly  
* Hours of Operation  
ylinder  
over  
12  
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BAR MAINTENANCE  
CHAIN SHARPENING  
If your saw cuts to one side, has to be forced  
through the cut, or been run with an improper  
amount of bar lubrication it may be neces-  
sary to service your bar.  
Chain sharpening is a complicated task that  
requires special tools. We recommend that  
you refer chain sharpening to a professional  
chain sharpener.  
A worn bar will damage your chain andmake  
cutting difficult.  
CARBURETOR ADJUSTMENTS  
After each use, ensure ON/STOP switch is  
in the STOP position, then clean all sawdust  
from the guide bar and sprocket hole.  
To maintain guide bar:  
WARNING: The chain will be moving  
during most of this procedure. Wear your pro-  
tective equipment and observe all safety pre-  
cautions. The chain must not move at idle  
speed.  
The carburetor has been carefully set at the  
factory. Adjustments may be necessary if  
you notice any of the following conditions:  
S Chain moves at idle. See IDLE SPEED--T  
adjusting procedure.  
S Saw will not idle. See IDLE SPEED--T ad-  
justing procedure.  
S Move ON/STOP switch to the STOP posi-  
tion.  
S Loosen and remove chain brake nuts and  
chain brake. Remove bar and chain from  
saw.  
S Clean the oil holes and bar groove after each  
5 hours of operation.  
Remove Sawdust From  
Guide Bar Groove  
Idle Speed---T  
Allow engine to idle. If the chain moves, idle  
is too fast. If the enginestalls, idle is tooslow.  
Adjust speed until engine runs without chain  
movement (idle too fast) or stalling (idle too  
slow). The idle speed screw is located in the  
area above the primer bulb and is labeled T.  
S Turn idle speed screw (T) clockwise to in-  
crease engine speed.  
Oil Holes  
S Burring of guide bar rails is a normal  
process of rail wear. Remove these burrs  
with a flat file.  
S Turn idle speed screw (T) counterclock-  
wise to decrease engine speed.  
STORAGE  
S When rail top is uneven, use a flat file to re-  
store square edges and sides.  
File Rail Edges  
and Sides  
Square  
WARNING: Stop engine and allow to  
cool, and secure the unit before storing or  
transporting in a vehicle. Store unit and fuel  
in an area where fuel vapors cannot reach  
sparks or open flames from water heaters,  
electric motors or switches, furnaces, etc.  
Store unit withall guards in place. Position so  
that any sharp object cannot accidentally  
cause injury to passersby. Store the unit out  
of reach of children.  
S Before storing, drain all fuel from the unit.  
Start engine and allow to run until it stops.  
S Clean the unit before storing. Pay particu-  
lar attention to the air intake area, keeping  
it free of debris. Use a mild detergent and  
sponge to clean the plastic surfaces.  
S Donot store theunit or fuel in a closedarea  
where fuel vapors can reach sparks or an  
openflame from hot water heaters, electric  
motors or switches, furnaces, etc.  
S Store in a dry area out of the reach of chil-  
dren.  
S Ensure the machine is cleaned and that a  
complete service is carried out before  
long--term storage.  
S The guide bar and chain must always be  
covered with a scabbard when the machine  
is being transported or in storage in order to  
prevent accident contact with the sharp  
chain. Even a non--moving chain can cause  
serious cuts to yourself or persons you  
bump into with an exposed chain.  
Worn Groove  
Correct Groove  
Replace guide bar when the groove is worn,  
the guide bar is bent or cracked, or when  
excess heating or burring of the rails occurs.  
If replacement is necessary, use only the guide  
bar specified for your saw in the repair parts list  
or on the decal located on the chain saw.  
SPARK PLUG  
The spark plug should be replaced each  
year to ensure the engine starts easier and  
runs better. Ignition timing is fixed and non-  
adjustable.  
1. Loosen 3 screws on cylinder cover.  
2. Remove the cylinder cover.  
3. Pull off the spark plug boot.  
4. Remove spark plug from cylinder and  
discard.  
5. Replace with Champion RCJ--7Y spark  
plug and tighten securely with a 19 mm  
socket wrench. Spark plug gap should  
be 0,5 mm.  
6. Reinstall the spark plug boot.  
7. Reinstall the cylinder cover and  
3
screws. Tighten securely.  
Cylinder  
Cover  
Screws  
Spark  
Plug Boot  
Spark  
Plug  
13  
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cohol blended fuels (called gasohol or using  
ethanol or methanol) can attract moisture  
which leads to fuel mixture separation and  
formation of acids during storage. Acidic gas  
can damage the engine.  
CAUTION: It is important to prevent  
gum deposits from forming in essential fuel  
system parts such as the carburetor, fuel fil-  
ter, fuel hose, or fuel tank during storage. Al-  
TROUBLESHOOTING TABLE  
WARNING: Always stop unit and disconnect spark plug before performing all of  
the recommended remedies below except remedies that require operation of the unit.  
TROUBLE  
CAUSE  
REMEDY  
1. Ignition switch off.  
2. Engine flooded.  
1. Move ignition switch to ON.  
2. See “Difficult Starting” in  
Operation Section.  
Engine will not  
start or will run  
only a few  
seconds after  
starting.  
3. Fuel tank empty.  
4. Spark plug not firing.  
5. Fuel not reaching  
carburetor.  
3. Fill tank with correct fuel mixture.  
4. Install new spark plug.  
5. Check for dirty fuel filter; replace.  
Check for kinked or split fuel line;  
repair or replace.  
1. Idle speed requires  
adjustment.  
2. Carburetor requires  
adjustment.  
Engine will  
not idle  
properly.  
1. See “Carburetor Adjustment” in the  
Service and Adjustments Section.  
2. Contact an authorized service dealer.  
1. Clean or replace air filter.  
Engine will not  
accelerate,  
lacks power,  
or dies under  
a load.  
1. Air filter dirty.  
2. Clean or replace plug and regap.  
3. Disengage chain brake.  
2. Spark plug fouled.  
3. Chain brake engaged.  
4. Carburetor requires  
adjustment.  
4. Contact an authorized service dealer.  
Engine  
1. Too much oil mixed with  
gasoline.  
1. Empty fuel tank and refill with  
correct fuel mixture.  
smokes  
excessively.  
1. Idle speed requires  
adjustment.  
2. Clutch requires repair.  
1. See “Carburetor Adjustment” in the  
Service and Adjustments Section.  
2. Contact an authorized service dealer.  
Chain moves  
at idle speed.  
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY  
EC Declaration of Conformity (Only applies to Europe)  
We, Husqvarna Outdoor Products Italia, S.p.A., Valmadrera, Italy. Tel:  
+39--0341--203211, declare that the chain saw models McCulloch Mac 316 XT CSI---AV  
from serial numbers 2007--151(N or D) 00001 and onwards (the year is clearly stated on the  
rating plate, followedby the serial number), comply with the requirements of the COUNCIL’S  
DIRECTIVES:  
of 22 June 1998 “relating to machinery” 98/37/EC, annex IIA;  
of 3 May 1989 “relating to electromagnetic compatibility” 89/336/EEC, and applicable  
supplements; and  
of 8 May 2000 “relating to the noise emissions in the environment” in accordance withAnnex  
V of 2000/14/EC. The measured sound power is 110 dB(A), the guaranteed sound power  
is 118 dB(A) and the net power is 1,0 kW.  
The following standards have been applied: ISO 11681 -1:2004, EN/ISO 12100 -1:2003,  
EN/ISO 12100-2:2003, and CISPR 12:2001.  
Notified body, 0404 the Swedish Machinery Testing Institute, Fyrisborgsgatan 3 S--754  
50 Uppsala, Sweden, has carried out EC type approval. The certificate(s) is numbered:  
404/07/1193.  
The supplied Chain Saw conforms with the sample that underwent the EC type approval.  
07--05--31  
Michael S. Bounds, Director  
Product Safety and Standards  
Handheld Consumer Products  
14  
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TECHNICAL DATA SHEET  
Noise levels  
Mac 316 XT  
96,3  
Engine  
Cylinder volume, cm  
Stroke, mm  
Idle speed, rpm  
Recommended max.  
speed, unloaded, rpm  
Power, kW  
Mac 316 XT  
3
Equivalent (see note 1) noise  
pressure level at operator’s ear,  
measured according to relevant  
international standards, dB(A)  
Equivalent (see note 1) noise  
power level, measured  
46  
32  
3000  
13000  
1,0  
according to relevant  
international standards, dB(A)  
110  
Ignition system  
Manufacturer  
Type of ignition system  
Spark plug  
Electrode gap, mm  
Phelon  
CD  
Champion  
0,5  
Vibration levels  
(see note 2)  
2
2
Front handle, m/s  
2,4  
3,6  
Rear handle, m/s  
Fuel and lubrication system  
Manufacturer  
Chain/bar  
Walbro  
WT--662  
0,38  
Standard bar length, in/cm  
Recommended bar lengths, in/cm  
Usable cutting length, in/cm  
Chain speed at maximum  
power, m/sec  
14/35  
Carburetor type  
14/35  
Fuel capacity, litre  
Oil pump capacity at  
8500 rpm, ml/min  
Oil capacity, litre  
13,5/34  
4 -- 8  
19  
0,2  
Pitch, inches  
Thickness of drive link, mm  
No. of teeth on drive sprocket  
0,375  
1,3  
6
Type of oil pump  
Automatic  
Weight  
Without bar and chain, kg  
4,7  
Note 1: Equivalent noise level is, according to  
ISO 22868, calculated as the time--weighted  
energy total for noise levels under various  
working conditions with the following time dis-  
tribution, 1/3 idle, 1/3 full load, 1/3 full speed.  
BAR  
CHAIN  
Max  
Length  
Inches  
14  
Pitch  
Inches Tip Radius  
0,375  
0,375  
7T Oregon 91VJ  
7T Oregon 91VG  
14  
Note2: Equivalent vibration level is, according  
to ISO 22867, calculated as the time--weighted  
energy total for vibration levels under various  
working conditions with the following time dis-  
tribution: 1/3 idle, 1/3 full load, 1/3 full speed.  
in/cm :dl  
14/35:52  
14/35:52  
0,025/0,65  
0,375  
91VJ  
0°  
30°  
5/32 / 4,0  
0,050/1,3  
85°  
91VG  
ADDRESS: Husqvarna Outdoor Products Italia S.p.A.  
Via Como 72  
Valmadrera, Lecco  
ITALY I--23868  
15  
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