Intel Computer Hardware SASMF8I User Manual

®
Intel RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware  
User’s Guide  
Intel Order Number: E33625-003  
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Preface  
This is the primary reference and user’s guide for the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I,  
which can be used for SAS and SATA II disk drives. It contains installation instructions  
and specifications.  
For details on how to configure the storage adapters, and for an overview of the software  
drivers, see the Intel® IT/IR RAID Software Users Guide on the Resource CD.  
Audience  
This document assumes that you have some familiarity with storage disk controllers,  
RAID technology, and related support devices. The people who benefit from this book  
are:  
• Engineers who are designing an Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I for a system.  
• Anyone installing an Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I in a software RAID system.  
Organization  
This document includes the following chapters and appendixes:  
Chapter 1 provides a general overview of the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I.  
Chapter 2 describes the procedures for installing the Intel® RAID Controller  
SASMF8I.  
Chapter 3 provides the characteristics and technical specifications for the Intel®  
RAID Controller SASMF8I.  
Appendix A lists and explains the terms and abbreviations used in this manual.  
Related Publication  
The Intel® IT/IR RAID Software Users Guide on the Resource CD that is included with  
the RAID controller.  
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Table of Contents  
Preface ........................................................................................................................iii  
Audience ............................................................................................................................... iii  
Organization ......................................................................................................................... iii  
Related Publication ............................................................................................................... iii  
Chapter 1: Overview ...................................................................................................1  
Summary of SAS RAID Controller Features ..........................................................................1  
Usability .........................................................................................................................2  
Redundancy and Error Handling ...................................................................................2  
SAS and SATA Features ...............................................................................................3  
Operating System Support ............................................................................................4  
Benefits of Serial-Attached SCSI (SAS) ................................................................................4  
®
Chapter 2: Intel RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Installation .......................5  
Requirements ........................................................................................................................5  
Installing the RAID Controller ................................................................................................6  
Connecting the Cables ..........................................................................................................9  
Configuring the Storage Adapter ...........................................................................................9  
Replacing a Controller .........................................................................................................10  
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Chapter 3: Intel RAID Controller SASMF8I Characteristics ................................11  
Technical Specifications ......................................................................................................12  
Array Performance Features .......................................................................................13  
Fault Tolerance ............................................................................................................13  
Electrical Characteristics .............................................................................................14  
Thermal and Atmospheric Characteristics ...................................................................14  
Safety Characteristics ..................................................................................................14  
A Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations ................................................................16  
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List of Figures  
Figure 1. Inserting the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I into a  
PCI Express* Slot...................................................................................................................... 6  
Figure 2. Attaching cables to the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I .......................................... 7  
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1 Overview  
This chapter provides a general overview of the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I. It  
consists of the following sections:  
Summary of SAS RAID Controller Features  
Benefits of Serial-Attached SCSI (SAS)  
The Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I is a high-performance PCI Express* SAS RAID  
controller. It provides reliability, high performance, and fault-tolerant disk subsystem  
management. This is an ideal RAID solution for the internal storage needs of mid to low-  
end servers and workstations for use by workgroups and departmental-sized organizations  
or individuals. The Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I offers a cost-effective way to  
implement RAID in a server for internal storage.  
The SAS controller allows you to use SATA II and SAS hard disk drives in the same  
system, so you can take advantage of the benefits of each type of drive. The controller  
supports up to eight devices including expander devices. See the ANSI SAS Standard  
Specification, Version 1.0 for more information about the use of expanders.  
As the second generation PCI Express* storage adapter, the Intel® RAID Controller  
SASMF8I addresses the growing demand for increased data throughput and scalability  
requirements across mid to low-end servers and workstations. Simplified cabling between  
drives is an additional benefit.  
Summary of SAS RAID Controller Features  
Note: In this document, the term low-profile refers to the height, not the length, of a PCI add-in  
card.  
The Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I is a low-profile SAS RAID adapter with:  
An LSI 1068E SAS (including SATA) controller.  
Eight independent internal ports provided via two SFF8087 connectors.  
Support for both enterprise-class SAS devices and enterprise-class SATA II drives.  
Support for up to 8 SAS or SATA II drives and 40 logical drives.  
PCI Express* connector that fits into a x4 PCI Express slot capable of 2.5 Gbps per  
lane over PCI Express* x1, or x4.  
3.0 Gbps point-to-point transfer rate.  
Both a standard and a low-profile bracket.  
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The SAS controller supports the ANSI Serial-attached SCSI (SAS) Standard, Version 1.0.  
In addition, the controller supports the Serial ATA (SATA) protocol defined by the Serial  
ATA Specification, Version 1.0a. The SAS controller is a versatile controller that supports  
both the SAS and SATA interfaces and provides the backbone of both server and high-end  
workstation environments.  
Protocols supported include:  
Serial SCSI Protocol (SSP): Communication with other SAS devices.  
SATA II Protocol: Communication with other SATA II devices.  
Serial Management Protocol (SMP): Topology management information sharing  
with expanders.  
Serial Tunneling Protocol (STP) support for SATA II through expander interfaces.  
Usability  
Smaller, thinner cabling with serial point-to-point 3.0 Gbps data transfer rates.  
Allows mixed connections to SAS or SATA II targets.  
Support for non-disk devices and mixed capacity drives.  
Support for software RAID levels 0, 1, 5, and 10.  
Global hot spare with auto rebuild if an array drive fails.  
Fixed RAID stripe size of 64 KB.  
Advanced array configuration and management utilities that provide:  
Drive migration.  
Drive roaming.  
An upgradeable Flash ROM interface.  
Allows for staggered spin-up, hot plug, and lower power consumption.  
User specified rebuild rate (% of system resources to use from 0-100%).  
Warning: Exceeding 50% rate may cause operating system errors caused by waiting  
for controller access.  
Background operating mode can be set for rebuilds, consistency checks,and  
initialization (auto restarting consistency check on redundant volumes).  
Redundancy and Error Handling  
Enclosure management support, including LEDs.  
Activity and fault indicators per drive, port selector (dual-port drives).  
Drive coercion (auto resizing to match existing disks).  
Auto-detection of failed drives with transparent rebuild. Disk activity (I/O to the  
drive) must be present for a missing drive to be marked as failed.  
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Auto-resume of initialization or rebuild on reboot (the auto rebuild feature must be  
enabled before virtual disk creation).  
Smart initialization automatically checks consistency of virtual disks if there are five  
or more disks in a RAID 5 array, which optimizes performance by enabling read-  
modify-write mode. RAID 5 arrays of only three or overdrives use peer read mode.  
Smart Technology predicts failures of drives and electronic components.  
Commands are retried at least four times.  
Firmware provides best effort to recognize an error and recover from it if possible.  
Failures are logged from controller and drive firmware, SMART monitor, and SAF-  
TE controller.  
Failures are logged in Intel® RAID Web Console 2 or CIM, and can be viewed from  
LEDs.  
Multiple cache options provide choice of speed and redundancy:  
Disk Write Cache: The data written / (done) signal is returned when data is  
written to the drive or only to the drive’s cache.  
On (default): Write back mode enabled. Faster, because it does not wait for  
the disk, but data will be lost if power is lost.  
Off: Write-through mode enabled. Slower, but ensures data is on the disk.  
Read Ahead: Predicts the next read will be sequential and buffers this data into  
the drive’s cache.  
On: Read Ahead mode enabled. Faster in data sequential read mode but  
slower in data random read mode.  
Off: Non-Read Ahead mode enabled. Always reads from the drive after  
determining the exact location of each read.  
Redundancy through:  
Configuration stored in non-volatile RAM and on the drives (COD).  
Hot-swap support.  
SAS and SATA Features  
Provides eight independent PHYs, each supporting 3.0 Gbps and 1.5 Gbps SAS and  
SATA data transfers.  
Scalable interface that supports up to eight direct-attached SAS/SATA devices or  
eight logical devices.  
Transfers data using SCSI information units.  
Supports SSP to enable communication with other SAS devices.  
Supports SMP to communicate topology management information.  
Supports single PHY or wide ports consisting of two, three, or four PHYs within a  
single quad port.  
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Allows addressing of multiple SATA targets through an expander if using SATA 2.0-  
compliant hard disk drives.  
Allows multiple initiators to address a single target (in a fail-over configuration)  
through an expander.  
Operating System Support  
The Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I supports major operating systems, including:  
Microsoft Windows Server 2008*, Microsoft Windows Server 2003*, and Microsoft  
Windows XP*  
Red Hat* Enterprise Linux 4.0 and 5.0  
SuSe* Linux Enterprise Server 9 and 10  
Note: The operating systems supported by this controller may not be supported by your server  
board. See the tested operating system list for your server board at  
http://support.intel.com/support/motherboards/server/. See also the Tested Hardware and  
Operating System List for the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I to make sure the RAID  
controller supports your operating system.  
Benefits of Serial-Attached SCSI (SAS)  
SAS is a serial, point-to-point, enterprise-level device interface that leverages the proven  
SCSI protocol set. SAS is a convergence of the advantages of SATA, SCSI, and FC, and is  
the future mainstay of the enterprise and high-end workstation storage markets. SAS  
offers a higher bandwidth per pin than parallel SCSI, and improves signal and data  
integrity.  
The SAS interface uses the proven SCSI command set to ensure reliable data transfers,  
while providing the connectivity and flexibility of point-to-point serial data transfers. The  
serial transmission of SCSI commands eliminates clock skew challenges. The SAS  
interface provides improved performance, simplified cabling, smaller connectors, lower  
pin count, and lower power requirements when compared to parallel SCSI.  
SAS controllers leverage a common electrical and physical connection interface that is  
compatible with Serial ATA technology. The SAS and SATA protocols use a thin, 7-wire  
connector instead of the 68-wire SCSI cable or 40-wire ATA cable. The SAS/SATA  
connector and cable are easier to manipulate, allow connections to smaller devices, and do  
not inhibit airflow. The point-to-point SATA architecture eliminates inherent difficulties  
created by the legacy ATA master-slave architecture, while maintaining compatibility with  
existing ATA firmware.  
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2 Intel RAID Controller SASMF8I  
Hardware Installation  
This chapter describes the procedures used to install the Intel® RAID Controller  
SASMF8I with internal connectors.  
Requirements  
The following items are required to install a Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I:  
An Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I.  
A host system with an available x4 bi-directional PCI Express* slot.  
The Resource CD, which contains drivers and documentation.  
The cables provided with the RAID controller.  
SAS or SATA II hard disk drives.  
Note: Intel Corporation strongly recommends using an uninterruptible power supply (UPS).  
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Installing the RAID Controller  
To install the RAID Controller, follow these steps:  
1. Power off the computer, all drives, enclosures, and system components. Remove  
the power cord from the computer.  
2. Remove the chassis cover and access the PCI Express add-in card slots. For  
instructions, see your server chassis documentation.  
3. Align the controller’s connector with a x4 PCI Express* slot on the server board.  
4. Press down gently but firmly to ensure that the card is properly seated in the slot, as  
shown in Figure 1. Secure the bracket to the computer chassis.  
Bracket Screw  
Pr  
Her  
ess  
e
Pr  
Her  
ess  
e
Edge of  
Main Board  
AF002653  
Figure 1. Inserting the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I into a  
PCI Express* Slot  
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5. Connect the SAS/SATA cables from the backplane (or hard drives) to the RAID  
Controller. Make sure the cables are properly connected to the controller.  
2
Ports 0-3  
Ports 4-7  
1
Figure 2. Attaching cables to the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I  
Note: System throughput problems can occur if the SAS cables that come with the RAID  
controller are not used. To minimize the potential for problems:  
Use cables no longer than ten meters for SAS and one meter for SATA. It is  
better to use the shortest possible cables. The cable length should be reduced by  
about one foot (.33 meters) if using a backplane.  
You may connect one device per SATA/SAS cable either as a device or as an  
expander.  
Route SAS cables carefully.  
Use only “straight” SAS cables, not “cross-over” SAS cables.  
6. Replace components you needed to remove to access the PCI Express add-in card  
slot. For instructions, see your server chassis documentation.  
7. Reinstall the chassis cover and reconnect the power cord(s). For instructions, see  
your server chassis documentation.  
8. Reconnect any peripheral items you needed to disconnect.  
9. Turn the power on to the server and hard drives. As the server powers up, listen to  
be sure that the SAS and SATA devices are powered up before or at the same time  
as the computer boots.  
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10. Watch the boot process until you see a BIOS message to inform you of the key  
combination to press to enter the Intel® Embedded Server RAID Technology II  
Configuration Utility. A message similar to the following appears:  
®
Press <CTRL> + <E> to run the Intel Embedded Server RAID Technology  
II Configuration Utility.  
This message times out after several seconds. If you miss it, you will pass the option  
to get into the Intel® Embedded Server RAID Technology II Configuration Utility.  
The firmware takes several seconds to initialize and then displays the Intel® RAID  
Controller SASMF8I number and firmware version. The numbering of the controllers  
follows the PCI slot scanning order used by the server board.  
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Connecting the Cables  
This section describes the cables used on the SAS controller and provides instructions for  
connecting SAS and SATA hard disk drives to the SAS RAID controller.  
Note: Use only “straight” SAS cables, not “cross-over” SAS cables.  
The cable supplied with the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I is for SATA drives or a  
SAS backplane connection.  
A SATA connector consists of a signal connector and a power connector. The SAS  
connector adds a bridge (primary physical link) between the signal connector and the  
power connector. This means SAS backplane connectors can accept either drive type, but  
SATA backplane connectors can ONLY accept SATA drives. Figure 3 shows these  
connectors.  
Figure 3. SAS and SATA Plugs and SAS Backplane Connector  
Configuring the Storage Adapter  
After installing the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I, you must configure the storage  
adapter and install the operating system driver. The Intel® IT/IR RAID Intel® IT/IR RAID  
Software Users Guide instructs you on the configuration options and how to set them on  
your Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I, and provides detailed installation instructions for  
operating system drivers.  
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Replacing a Controller  
To replace a failed controller, follow these steps:  
1. Power off the computer, all drives, enclosures, and system components. Remove  
the power cord.  
2. Remove the chassis cover and access the PCI Express* add-in card slots. For  
instructions, see your server documentation.  
3. Disconnect the cable(s) from the RAID controller.  
4. Remove the failed controller from the system.  
5. Insert the replacement controller into the system. For instructions, see “Installing  
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3 Intel RAID Controller SASMF8I  
Characteristics  
This chapter describes the characteristics of the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I.  
Figure 4 displays the connectors and headers on the controller and Table 1 describes them.  
J3  
J1  
J2  
J9  
Ports 4-7  
J4  
Ports 0-3  
AF002652  
Figure 4. Card Layout  
s
Table 1. Jumper Descriptions  
Jumper  
Description  
Type  
Comments  
J1  
Drive Fault LED  
header  
8x2 header LED signal to control front panel LEDs to reflect  
the faulty drive.  
J2  
J4  
Port activity LED  
header  
8 x 2  
header  
LED signal for activity per port.  
Universal  
Asynchronous  
Receiver/  
4-pin  
connector  
For factory and debug use.  
Transmitter (UART)  
J6  
Internal SAS/SATA SFF8087  
port connector,  
Connection to SAS/SATA devices.  
ports 4-7  
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Table 1. Jumper Descriptions  
Jumper  
Description  
Type  
Comments  
J7  
Internal SAS/SATA SFF8087  
port connector,  
Connection to SAS/SATA devices.  
ports 0-3  
2
J9  
Keyed I C  
connector  
3-pin  
connector  
Out-of-band enclosure management (SES2)  
Technical Specifications  
The design and implementation of the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I minimizes  
electromagnetic emissions, susceptibility to radio frequency energy, and the effects of  
electrostatic discharge. See the appendices for regulatory marks and certifications.  
Table 2 lists the specifications for the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I.  
Table 2. Specifications  
®
Specification  
Intel RAID Controller SASMF8I  
Operating Voltage  
Card Size  
+3.3 V, +12 V  
Low-profile MD2 PCI Express* adapter card size (6.600 inches by 2.713  
inches)  
Array Interface  
to Host  
PCI Express* Rev 1.0A, x4 lane width 2.5 Gbps  
SAS Bus Speed  
SAS Controller  
3 GBps per port, point-to-point  
One LSI SAS 1068 controller  
SAS / SATA Ports  
2x4 internal ports. Supports 8 SAS/SATA devices using expanders, and  
40 virtual disks.  
Firmware  
2 MB in reflashable flash ROM  
Compatible Devices  
Mixed capacity, mixed SATA II and SAS in different enclosures  
Non-disk devices, including expanders.  
Cabling  
Small, thin cables that do not restrict airflow  
Shared connectors for multiple drive types.  
Redundant  
Config on disk (COD) stores RAID configuration.  
Configuration  
2
Enclosure  
I C out-of-band, SES2 in-band, SAF-TE (LEDs)  
Management  
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Array Performance Features  
Table 3 lists the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I array performance features.  
Table 3. Array Performance Features  
®
Specification  
Intel RAID Controller SASMF8I  
PCI Express* Host  
Data Transfer Rate  
2.5 Gigabit/s per lane  
3 Gigabit/s per lane  
26 elements  
Drive Data Transfer  
Rate  
Maximum  
Scatter/Gathers  
Maximum Size of I/O 6.4 Mbytes in 64 Kbyte stripes  
Requests  
Maximum Queue  
Tags per Drive  
As many as the drive can accept  
Stripe Sizes  
64 Kbyte  
Maximum Number of 255  
Concurrent  
Commands  
Support for Multiple  
Initiators  
Yes  
Flexibility  
Drive migration  
Background Services Rebuild, consistency check, and initialization  
Cache Options Write-back or write-through, read ahead, and non-read ahead  
Fault Tolerance  
Table 4 lists the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I fault tolerance features.  
Table 4. Fault Tolerance Features  
®
Specification  
Self Monitoring  
Intel RAID Controller SASMF8I  
Detects up to 70% of all predictable disk drive failures and monitors the  
Analysis and Reporting internal performance of all motors, heads, and drive electronics.  
Technology (SMART)  
support  
Drive Replacement  
Auto detection of hard drive failure  
Hot-plug, hot-swap  
User set rebuild rate  
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Table 4. Fault Tolerance Features  
®
Specification  
Intel RAID Controller SASMF8I  
Drive Rebuild Using  
Hot Spares  
Automatic at drive failure  
Auto-resume of initialization or rebuild on reboot  
Error Checking and  
Indication  
Parity generation and checking, automatic consistency checking  
Activity and fault LEDs  
Power Conservation  
Staggered spin-up, lower power requirements.  
Electrical Characteristics  
This section provides the power requirements for the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I.  
Table 5 lists the maximum power requirements.  
Table 5. Electrical Characteristics  
PCI / PCI  
Operating  
PCI / PCI Express*  
/ Express +12 V  
Express /  
Express  
+3.3 V  
PCI PRSNT1# / 2#  
Power  
PCI / +5.0 V  
Range  
Temperature  
N/A  
N/A  
1 A  
3.2 W  
0° C to 45° C  
Thermal and Atmospheric Characteristics  
The thermal and atmospheric characteristics are:  
Relative humidity range: 5% to 90% non-condensing  
Maximum dew point temperature: 32°C  
Airflow must be at least 200 linear feet per minute (SFPM) to avoid operating above  
the maximum ambient temperature.  
The storage and transit environment conditions are:  
Temperature range from -30°C to 80°C (dry bulb).  
Relative humidity range: 5% to 90% non-condensing  
Safety Characteristics  
The Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I meets or exceeds the requirements of UL  
flammability rating 94 V0. Each bare board is also marked with the supplier name or  
trademark, type, and UL flammability rating. For the boards installed in a PCI Express*  
bus slot, all voltages are lower than the SELV 42.4 V limit.  
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The design and implementation minimizes electromagnetic emissions, susceptibility to  
radio frequency energy, and the effects of electrostatic discharge. The adapter carries the  
CE mark, C-tick mark, FCC self-certification logo, Canadian compliance statement,  
Korean MIC, Taiwan BSMI, and Japan VCCI. The adapter meets the requirements of  
CISPR Class B. This adapter matches the description in CCSA C22.2, No. 60950-1,  
UL60950-1 First Edition listed accessory, UL filenumber E257743.  
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A
Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations  
BIOS  
Basic Input/Output System. Software that provides basic read/write capability.  
Usually kept as firmware (ROM based). The system BIOS on a server board is used  
to boot and control the system. The BIOS on your host adapter acts as an extension  
of the system BIOS.  
Configuration  
Device Driver  
The way a computer is setup; the combined hardware components (computer,  
monitor, keyboard, and peripheral devices) that make up a computer system, and the  
software settings that allow the hardware components to communicate with each  
other.  
A program that allows a microprocessor (through the operating system) to direct the  
operation of a peripheral device.  
Domain  
Validation  
A software procedure in which a host queries a device to determine its ability to  
communicate at the negotiated data rate.  
EEPROM  
Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory. A memory chip  
typically used to store configuration information. It provides stable storage for long  
periods without electricity and can be reprogrammed. See NVRAM.  
External SAS  
Device  
A SAS device installed outside the computer cabinet. These devices are connected  
together using specific types of shielded cables.  
Host  
The computer system in which a storage adapter is installed. It uses the storage  
adapter to transfer information to and from devices attached to the SCSI bus.  
Host Adapter  
Board (HAB)  
A circuit board or integrated circuit that provides a device connection to the  
computer system.  
Internal SAS  
Device  
A SAS device installed inside the computer cabinet. These devices are connected  
together using an unshielded ribbon cable.  
Main Memory  
The part of a computer’s memory which is directly accessible by the CPU (usually  
synonymous with RAM).  
NVRAM  
Non-volatile Random Access Memory. An EEPROM (Electronically Erasable  
Read-Only Memory chip) used to store configuration information. See EEPROM.  
Peripheral  
Devices  
A piece of hardware (such as a video monitor, disk drive, printer, or CD-ROM) used  
with a computer and under the computer’s control. SCSI peripherals are controlled  
through a SAS Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I.  
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SAS  
Serial-attached SCSI. A serial, point-to-point, enterprise-level device interface that  
leverages the proven SCSI protocol set. The SAS interface provides improved  
performance, simplified cabling, smaller connections, lower pin count, and lower  
power requirements when compared to parallel SCSI. SAS controllers leverage a  
common electrical and physical connection interface that is compatible with Serial  
ATA. The SAS controllers support the ANSI Serial Attached SCSI standard, version  
1.0. In addition, the controller supports the Serial ATA (SATA) protocol defined by  
the Serial ATA specification, version 1.0a. Each port on the SAS RAID controller  
supports SAS and SATA devices.  
SAS Device  
Any device that conforms to the SAS standard and is attached to the SAS bus by a  
SAS cable. This includes SAS storage adapters (host adapters) and SAS peripherals.  
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