EM78P468N/L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Product
Specification
DOC. VERSION 1.5
ELAN MICROELECTRONICS CORP.
February 2007
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Contents
Contents
1
2
3
4
5
6
General Description······················································································ 1
Features········································································································· 1
Pin Assignment ····························································································· 2
Block Diagram······························································································· 3
Pin Description······························································································ 4
Function Description ···················································································· 6
6.1 Operational Registers.......................................................................................... 6
6.1.1 R0/IAR (Indirect Addressing Register) ............................................................... 6
6.1.2 R1/TCC (Timer Clock Counter) .......................................................................... 6
6.1.3 R2/PC (Program Counter).................................................................................. 6
6.1.4 R3/SR (Status Register) .................................................................................... 8
6.1.5 R4/RSR (RAM Select Register).......................................................................... 9
6.1.6 R5/Port 5 (Port 5 I/O Data and Page of Register Select .................................... 9
6.1.7 R6/Port 6 (Port 6 I/O Data Register)................................................................... 9
6.1.8 R7/Port 7 (Port 7 I/O Data Register)................................................................... 9
6.1.9 R8/Port 8 (Port 8 I/O Data Register)................................................................. 10
6.1.10 R9/LCDCR (LCD Control Register).................................................................. 10
6.1.11 RA/LCD_ADDR (LCD Address).........................................................................11
6.1.12 RB/LCD_DB (LCD Data Buffer).........................................................................11
6.1.13 RC/CNTER (Counter Enable Register) .............................................................11
6.1.14 RD/SBPCR (System, Booster and PLL Control Register)................................ 12
6.1.15 RE/IRCR (IR and Port 5 Setting Control Register)........................................... 13
6.1.16 RF/ISR (Interrupt Status Register).................................................................... 14
6.1.17 Address: 10h~3Fh; R10~R3F (General Purpose Register) ............................. 14
6.2 Special Purpose Registers ................................................................................ 15
6.2.1 A (Accumulator) ................................................................................................ 15
6.2.2 IOC50/P5CR (Port 5 I/O and Ports 7, 8 for LCD Segment Control Register) .. 15
6.2.3 IOC60/P6CR (Port 6 I/O Control Register)....................................................... 16
6.2.4 IOC70/P7CR (Port 7 I/O Control Register)....................................................... 16
6.2.5 IOC80/P8CR (Port 8 I/O Control Register)....................................................... 16
6.2.6 IOC90/RAM_ADDR (128 Bytes RAM Address) ............................................... 16
6.2.7 IOCA0/RAM_DB (128 Bytes RAM Data Buffer) ............................................... 16
6.2.8 IOCB0/CNT1PR (Counter 1 Preset Register) .................................................. 17
6.2.9 IOCC0/CNT2PR (Counter 2 Preset Register).................................................. 17
6.2.10 IOCD0/HPWTPR (High-Pulse Width Timer Preset Register)........................... 17
6.2.11 IOCE0/LPWTPR (Low-Pulse Width Timer Preset Register) ............................ 18
6.2.12 IOCF0/IMR (Interrupt Mask Register)............................................................... 18
6.2.13 IOC61/WUCR (Wake-up and Sink Current of P5.7/IROUT Control Register) . 18
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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Contents
6.2.14 IOC71/TCCCR (TCC Control Register)............................................................ 19
6.2.15 IOC81/WDTCR (WDT Control Register) .......................................................... 20
6.2.16 IOC91/CNT12CR (Counters 1, 2 Control Register) ......................................... 20
6.2.17 IOCA1/HLPWTCR (High/Low Pulse Width Timer Control Register)................ 21
6.2.18 IOCB1/P6PH (Port 6 Pull-high Control Register) ............................................. 22
6.2.19 IOCC1/P6OD (Port 6 Open Drain Control Register) ........................................ 22
6.2.20 IOCD1/P8PH (Port 8 Pull High Control Register)............................................. 22
6.2.21 IOCE1/P6PL (Port 6 Pull Low Control Register) ............................................. 22
6.3 TCC and WDT Prescaler................................................................................... 23
6.4 I/O Ports............................................................................................................. 25
6.6 Oscillator ............................................................................................................ 30
6.6.1 Oscillator Modes............................................................................................... 30
6.6.2 Phase Lock Loop (PLL Mode) .......................................................................... 30
6.6.3 Crystal Oscillator/Ceramic Resonators (Crystal).............................................. 31
6.6.4 RC Oscillator Mode with Internal Capacitor ..................................................... 32
6.7 Power-on Considerations .................................................................................. 32
6.7.1 External Power-on Reset Circuit ...................................................................... 33
6.7.2 Residue-Voltage Protection.............................................................................. 33
6.8 Interrupt.............................................................................................................. 34
6.9 LCD Driver ......................................................................................................... 35
6.9.1 R9/LCDCR (LCD Control Register).................................................................. 35
6.9.2 RA/LCD_ADDR (LCD Address)........................................................................ 36
6.9.3 RB/LCD_DB (LCD Data Buffer)........................................................................ 36
6.9.4 RD/SBPCR (System, Booster and PLL Control Registers).............................. 37
6.10 Infrared Remote Control Application/PWM Waveform Generate..................... 41
6.11 Code Options..................................................................................................... 45
6.12 Instruction Set................................................................................................... 46
6.13 Timing Diagram................................................................................................. 49
Absolute Maximum Ratings ······································································· 50
Electrical Characteristic ············································································· 51
8.1 DC Electrical Characteristics............................................................................. 51
8.2 AC Electrical Characteristics ............................................................................. 53
8.3 Device Characteristic......................................................................................... 54
Application Circuit ······················································································ 66
7
8
9
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Product Specification (V1.5) 01.15.2007
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Contents
APPENDIX
A
B
C
D
E
Package Type ······························································································ 67
Package Information··················································································· 68
EM78P468L Program Pin List····································································· 71
ICE 468XA···································································································· 72
Quality Assurance and Reliability······························································ 75
E.1 Address Trap Detect.......................................................................................... 75
Specification Revision History
Doc. Version
Revision Description
Date
1.0
Initial version
2004/04/10
1. Added DC curve vs. Temperature.
2. Removed the LVD function
1.1
1.2
2004/12/09
2005/03/15
1. Added LQFP Package
1. Combined EM78P468N with EM78P468L Specification.
2. Deleted the wake-up function from Idle mode by TCC
time out.
1.3
2006/05/05
3. Added power-on voltage detector in the Features section.
1. Modified the General Description, Features and Pin
Assignment.
2. Added Green Product Information.
1.4
1.5
2007/01/11
2007/02/15
3. Modified the Functional Block Diagram.
4. Added Appendix D Quality Assurance and Reliability.
Deleted all the packages for the EM78P468L
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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vi •
Product Specification (V1.5) 01.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
1 General Description
The EM78P468N/L is an 8-bit microprocessor designed and developed with low-power and high-speed CMOS
technology. Integrated onto a single chip are on chip Watchdog Timer (WDT), Data RAM, ROM, programmable real time
clock counter, internal/external interrupt, power down mode, LCD driver, infrared transmitter function, and tri-state I/O.
The series has an on-chip 4K×13-bit Electrical One Time Programmable Read Only Memory (OTP-ROM). The
EM78P468L provides multi-protection bits to prevent intrusion of user’s OTP memory code. Seven Code option bits are
available to meet user’s requirements. Special 13 bits customer ID options are provided as well.
With its enhanced OTP-ROM feature, the EM78P468N/L provides a convenient way of developing and verifying user’s
programs. Moreover, this OTP device offers the advantages of easy and effective program updates, using development
and programming tools. User can avail of the ELAN Writer to easily program his development code.
2 Features
„
CPU Configuration
„
Peripheral Configuration
•
•
•
•
•
•
4K×13 bits on-chip OTP-ROM
144 bytes general purpose register
128 bytes on-chip data RAM
272 bytes SRAM
•
•
8-bit real time clock/counter (TCC)
One infrared transmitter / PWM generator function
•
Four sets of 8 bits auto reload down-count timer can be
used as interrupt sources
8 level stacks for subroutine nesting
♦
♦
Counter 1: independent down-count timer
Power-on voltage detector provided (2.0 0.1V) for
EM78P468N
Counter 2, High Pulse Width Timer (HPWT), and
Low Pulse Width Timer (LPWT) shared with IR
function.
•
Power-on voltage detector provided (1.7 0.1V) for
EM78P468L
„
„
I/O Port Configuration
♦
Programmable free running on chip watchdog timer
(WDT). This function can operate on Normal, Green
and Idle mode.
•
•
Typically, 12 bi-directional tri-state I/O ports.
16 bi-directional tri-state I/O ports shared with LCD
segment output pin.
„
„
Eight Interrupt Sources: Three External and Five Internal
•
Up to 28 bi-directional tri-state I/O ports
•
Internal interrupt source: TCC; Counters 1, 2;
High/Low pulse width timer.
Operating Voltage and Temperature Range:
EM78P468N
•
External interrupt source : INT0, INT1 and Pin change
wake-up (Port 6 and Port 8)
°
°
•
•
Commercial: 2.3V ~ 5.5 V. (at 0 C~+70 C)
°
°
Industrial: 2.5V ~ 5.5 V. (at -40 C ~+85 C)
LCD Circuit
EM78P468L
•
•
•
•
Common driver pins: 4
°
°
•
•
Commercial: 2.1 V ~ 5.5 V. (at 0 C ~+70 C)
Segment driver pins: 32
LCD Bias: 1/3, 1/2 bias
LCD Duty: 1/4, 1/3, 1/2 duty
°
°
Industrial: 2.3V ~ 5.5 V. (at -40 C ~+85 C)
„
Operating Mode:
•
Normal mode: The CPU is operated on main
oscillator frequency (Fm)
„
Package Type:
•
Green mode: The CPU is operated on sub-oscillator
frequency (Fs) and main oscillator (Fm) is stopped
•
•
Dice form: 59 pins
QFP-64 pin: EM78P468NQxS/xJ
•
•
Idle mode: CPU idle, LCD display remains working
Sleep mode: The whole chip stops working
(Body 14mm × 20mm)
•
•
•
LQFP-64 pin: EM78P468NAQxS/xJ
♦
Input port wake-up function (Port 6, Port 8).
Works on Idle and Sleep mode.
(Body 7mm × 7mm)
♦
♦
Operation speed: DC ~ 10MHz clock input
Dual clock operation
LQFP-44 pin: EM78P468NBQxS/xJ
(Body 10mm × 10mm)
„
Oscillation Mode
QFP-44 pin: EM78P468NCQxS/xJ
•
High frequency oscillator can select among Crystal,
RC, or PLL (phase lock loop)
(Body 10mm × 10mm)
Note: Green products do not contain hazardous
•
Low frequency oscillator can select between Crystal
or RC mode
substances
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
3 Pin Assignment
(1) 64-Pin QFP
(2) 64-Pin LQFP
4
8
4
7
4
6
4
5
4
4
4
3
4
2
4
1
4
0
3
9
3
8
3
7
3
6
3
5
3
4
3
3
5
1
5
0
4
9
4
8
4
7
4
6
4
5
4
4
4
3
4
2
4
1
4
0
3
9
3
8
3
7
3
6
3
5
3
4
3
3
NC
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
P5.4/INT0
XOUT
XIN
SEG28/P8.4
SEG27/P8.3
SEG26/P8.2
SEG25/P8.1
SEG24/P8.0
SEG23/P7.7
SEG22/P7.6
SEG21/P7.5
SEG20/P7.4
SEG19/P7.3
SEG18/P7.2
SEG17/P7.1
SEG16/P7.0
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
P5.4/INT0
XOUT
XIN
SEG30/P8.6
SEG29/P8.5
SEG28/P8.4
SEG27/P8.3
SEG26/P8.2
SEG25/P8.1
SEG24/P8.0
SEG23/P7.7
SEG22/P7.6
SEG21/P7.5
SEG20/P7.4
SEG19/P7.3
SEG18/P7.2
SEG17/P7.1
SEG16/P7.0
VDD
VDD
EM78P468NQ
QFP-64
OSCO
R-OSCI
GND
OSCO
R-OSCI
GND
EM78P468NAQ
LQFP-64
/RESET
VLCD3
VLCD2
VA
/RESET
VLCD3
VLCD2
VA
VB
VB
COM0
COM0
COM1
COM2
COM3
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
4
1
5
1
6
1
7
1
8
1
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
4
1
5
1
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Fig. 3-1 64-pin QFP
Fig. 3-2 64-pin LQFP
(3) 44-Pin LQFP
(4) 44-Pin QFP
3
3
3
2
3
1
3
0
2
9
2
8
2
7
2
6
2
5
2
4
2
3
3
3
3
2
3
1
3
0
2
9
2
8
2
7
2
6
2
5
2
4
2
3
SEG27/P8.3
SEG26/P8.2
SEG25/P8.1
SEG24/P8.0
SEG23/P7.7
SEG22/P7.6
SEG21/P7.5
SEG20/P7.4
SEG19/P7.3
SEG18/P7.2
SEG17/P7.1
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
P5.5/INT1
P5.4/INT0
XOUT
SEG27/P8.3
SEG26/P8.2
SEG25/P8.1
SEG24/P8.0
SEG23/P7.7
SEG22/P7.6
SEG21/P7.5
SEG20/P7.4
SEG19/P7.3
SEG18/P7.2
SEG17/P7.1
34
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
P5.5/INT1
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
P5.4/INT0
XOUT
XIN
EM78P468NCQ
QFP-44
EM78P468NBQ
LQFP-44
XIN
VDD
VDD
OSCO
R-OSCI
GND
OSCO
R-OSCI
GND
/RESET
VLCD3
VLCD2
/RESET
VLCD3
VLCD2
1
0
1
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
0
1
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Fig. 3-3 44-pin LQFP
Fig. 3-4 44-pin QFP
2 •
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Input Pin
Output Pin
Input/Output Pin
Digital I/O Pin/LCD Output Pin
LCD Output Pin
4 Block Diagram
P8
Crystal
RC
P80
PC
ROM
P81
P82
P83
P84
P85
P86
P87
Oscillation
Generation
8-level stack
(13-bit)
Instruction
Register
P7
LCD
Rese
t
PLL
P70
Instruction
Decoder
WDT
P71
P72
P73
P74
PWM
PWM1/IR
(Timer 1,2)
TCC
P75
P76
P77
TCC
Mux.
ALU
CNTR1
CNTR 1
CNTR2
CNTR 2
P6
R4
P60
P61
P62
P63
P64
P65
P66
RAM
Interrupt
Control
Register
R3 (Status
Reg.)
ACC
P67
P5
P50
P51
P52
P53
P54
P55
P56
P57
Interrupt
Circuit
Ext INT
Fig. 4-1 System Block Diagram
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
5 Pin Description
Table 1 (a) Pin Description for Package of QFP64 and LQFP64
Symbol
Pin No.
Type
Function
1-bit General purpose input/output pin/external interrupt.
INT0 interrupt source can be set to falling or rising edge by IOC71
register Bit 7 (INT_EDGE).
P5.4/INT0
32
I/O
Wakes up from sleep mode and idle mode when the pin status
changes.
1-bit General purpose input/output pin/external interrupt.
Interrupt source is a falling edge signal.
Wakes up from sleep mode and idle mode when the pin status
changes.
P5.5/INT1
33
I/O
1-bit General purpose input/output pin/external counter input.
This pin works in normal/green/idle mode.
P5.6/TCC
34
37
I/O
I/O
1-bit General purpose input/output pin/IR/PWM mode output pin.
This pin is capable of sinking 20mA/5V.
P5.7/IROUT
8-bit General purpose input/output pins.
Pull-high, pull-low and open drain function supported.
All pins can wake up from sleep and idle modes when the pin
status changes
P6.0~P6.7
38~45
I/O
COM3~0
17~20
16~1
O
O
LCD common output pin.
LCD segment output pin.
SEG0~SEG15
SEG16/P7.0
~
SEG23/P7.7
64
~
57
LCD segment output pin.
Can be shared with general purpose I/O pin
O/(I/O)
LCD segment output pin. Can be shared with general I/O pin.
SEG24/P8.0
~
SEG30/P8.6
SEG31/P8.7
56
~
50
46
For general purpose I/O use, can wake up from sleep mode and
idle mode when the pin status changes.
O/(I/O)
For general purpose I/O use, supports pull-high function.
Connect capacitors for LCD bias voltage.
Connect capacitors for LCD bias voltage.
One of LCD bias voltage.
VB
21
22
23
24
O
O
O
O
VA
VLCD2
VLCD3
One of LCD bias voltage.
General-purpose Input only
Low active. If it remains at logic low, the device will be reset.
/RESET
25
I
In Crystal mode: crystal input
In RC mode: resistor pull high.
R-OSCI
27
I
In PLL mode: connect 0.01μF capacitance to GND
Connect 0.01μF capacitor to GND and code option select PLL
mode when high oscillator is not use
In Crystal mode: crystal input
In RC mode: instruction clock output
OSCO
Xin
28
30
31
O
I
In Crystal mode: Input pin for sub-oscillator. Connect to a
32.768kHz crystal.
In Crystal mode: Connect to a 32.768kHz crystal.
In RC mode: instruction clock output
Xout
o
35~36
47~49
NC
−
No connection
VDD
GND
29
26
I
I
Power supply
System ground pin
4 •
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Table 2 (b) Pin Description for Package of QFP44 and LQFP44
Symbol
Pin No.
Type
Function
1-bit General purpose input/output pin/external interrupt.
The INT0 interrupt source can be set to falling or rising edge by
IOC71 register Bit 7 (INT_EDGE).
P5.4/INT0
21
I/O
Wakes up from sleep mode and idle mode when the pin status
changes.
1-bit General purpose input/output pin/external interrupt.
The Interrupt source is a falling edge signal.
P5.5/INT1
22
I/O
Wakes up from sleep mode and idle mode when the pin status
changes.
1-bit General purpose input/output pin/external counter input.
This pin works in normal/green/idle mode.
P5.6/TCC
23
24
I/O
I/O
1-bit General purpose input/output pin/IR/PWM mode output pin
This pin is capable of sinking 20mA/5V.
P5.7/IROUT
8-bit General purpose input/output pins
Pull-high, pull-low and open drain function supported.
P6.0~P6.7
25~32
I/O
All pins can wake up from sleep and idle modes when the pin
status changes.
COM3~0
6~9
5~2
O
O
LCD common output pin.
LCD segment output pin.
SEG11~SEG14
SEG16/P7.0
SEG17/P7.1
1
44
LCD segment output pin.
Can be shared with general purpose I/O pin
O/(I/O)
O/(I/O)
~
~
38
SEG23/P7.7
LCD segment output pin. Can be shared with general I/O pin
SEG24/P8.0
~
SEG31/P8.4
37
~
33
For general purpose I/O use, can wake up from sleep mode and
idle mode when the pin status changes.
For general purposes I/O use, supports pull-high function.
Connect capacitors for LCD bias voltage.
Connect capacitors for LCD bias voltage.
One of LCD bias voltage.
VB
10
11
12
13
O
O
O
O
VA
VLCD2
VLCD3
One of LCD bias voltage.
General-purpose Input only
Low active. If it remains at logic low, the device will be reset.
/RESET
14
I
In Crystal mode: crystal input
In RC mode: resistor pull high.
R-OSCI
16
I
In PLL mode: connect 0.01μF capacitance to GND
Connect 0.01μF capacitor to GND and code option select PLL
mode when high oscillator is not use
In Crystal mode: crystal input
In RC mode: instruction clock output
In Crystal mode: Input pin for sub-oscillator. Connect to a
32.768kHz crystal.
OSCO
Xin
17
19
20
O
I
In Crystal mode: Connect to a 32.768kHz crystal.
In RC mode: instruction clock output
Xout
o
VDD
GND
18
15
I
I
Power supply
System ground pin
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6 Function Description
6.1 Operational Registers
6.1.1 R0/IAR (Indirect Addressing Register)
(Address: 00h)
R0 is not a physically implemented register. Its major function is to perform as an
indirect address pointer. Any instruction using R0 as a register, actually accesses the
data pointed by the RAM Select Register (R4).
6.1.2 R1/TCC (Timer Clock Counter)
(Address: 01h)
The Timer Clock Counter is incremented by an external signal edge applied to TCC, or
by the instruction cycle clock. It is written and read by the program as any other
register.
6.1.3 R2/PC (Program Counter)
(Address: 02h)
„
„
The structure of R2 is depicted in Fig. 6-1, Program Counter Organization.
The configuration structure generates 4K×13 bits on-chip ROM addresses to the
relative programming instruction codes.
„
„
The contents of R2 are all set to "0"s when a Reset condition occurs.
"JMP" instruction allows direct loading of the lower 10 program counter bits. Thus,
"JMP" allows the PC to jump to any location within a page.
„
"CALL" instruction loads the lower 10 bits of the PC, and then PC+1 is pushed onto
the stack. Thus, the subroutine entry address can be located anywhere within a
page.
„
„
„
„
"RET" ("RETL k", "RETI") instruction loads the program counter with the contents
at the top of the stack.
"ADD R2, A" allows a relative address to be added to the current PC, and the ninth
and above bits of the PC will increase progressively.
"MOV R2, A" allows loading of an address from the "A" register to the lower 8 bits of
the PC, and the ninth and tenth bits (A8 ~ A9) of the PC will remain unchanged.
The most significant bits (A10~A11) will be loaded with the content of PS0~PS1 in
the Status register (R3) upon execution of a "JMP" or "CALL" instruction.
6 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
R3
PC A11 A10 A9 A8 A7
~
A0
000H
003H
Resetvector
TCC ov erflowinterrupt v ector
CALL
00 PAGE0 0000~03FF
006H
009H
00CH
00FH
012H
015H
018H
RET
RETL
RETI
ExteralINT0 pininterrupt v ector
01 PAGE1 0400~07FF
10 PAGE2 0800~0BFF
11 PAGE3 0C00~0FFF
ExteralINT1 pininterrupt v ector
STACK LEVEL1
STACK LEVEL2
STACK LEVEL3
STACK LEVEL4
STACK LEVEL5
STACK LEVEL6
STACK LEVEL7
STACK LEVEL8
Counter 1 underflow interrupt v ector
Counter 2 underflow interrupt v ector
high pulse width timer underf lowinterrupt v ector
low pulse width timer underflow interrupt v ector
Port 6,Port8 pin change wake-up interrupt v ector
On-ChipProgrammemory
FFFH
Fig 6-1 Program Counter Organization
ADDRESS
IAR (Indirect Addressing Register)
0 0
0 1
0 2
0 3
0 4
0 5
0 6
0 7
0 8
0 9
0 A
0 B
0 C
0 D
0 E
0 F
TCC (Time ClockCounter)
R5 bit 0 -> 0
R5 bit 0 -> 1
PC (Program Counter)
controlregisterpage 0
controlregisterpage 1
SR (Status Register)
RSR (RAMselect register)
PORT5 (Port 5 & IOCPAGE Control)
PORT6 (Port6 I/O data register)
PORT7 (Port7 I/O data register)
PORT8 (Port8 I/O data register)
LCDCR (LCD control register)
LCD_ADDR (LCD address)
P5CR (Port5 I/O & LCD segment control)
P6CR (Port6 I/O control register)
WUCR (Wake up & P5.7 sink current)
TCCCR (TCC &INT0 control register)
WDTCR (WDTcontrol register)
P7CR (Port7 I/O control register)
P8CR (Port8 I/O control register)
RAM_ADDR (128 byte RAM address)
RAM_DB (128 byte RAM data buffer)
CNT1PR (Counter 1 preset register)
CNT2PR (Counter 2 preset register)
HPWTPR (High-pulse width timer preset)
LPWTPR (Low-pulse width timer preset)
IMR (interrupt mask register)
CNT12CR (Counter 1,2 control register)
HLPWTCR (high/low pulse width timer control)
P6PH (Port 6 pull-high control register)
P6OD (Port 6 open drain control register)
P8PH (Port 8 pull-high control register)
P6PL (Port 6 pull-lowcontrol register)
LCD_DB (LCD data buffer)
CNTER (Counter enable register)
SBPCR (System, Booster , PLL control)
IRCR (IR, Pin of IR;INT0/1;TCC control)
ISR (interrupt status register)
1 0
|
16 byte common register
LCD RAM 4*32 bits
1 F
2 0
|
bank 0 ~ bank 3
32 byte common register
128 byte data RAM
3 F
Fig. 6-2 Data Memory Configuration
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.1.4 R3/SR (Status Register)
(Address: 03h)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
−
PS1
PS0
T
P
Z
DC
C
Bit 7: Not used
Bits 6 ~ 5 (PS1 ~ 0): Page select bits
PS1
0
PS0
0
ROM Page (Address)
Page 0 (000H ~ 3FFH)
Page 1 (400H ~ 7FFH)
Page 2 (800H ~ BFFH)
Page 3 (C00H ~ FFFH)
0
1
1
0
1
1
PS0~PS1 are used to select a ROM page. User can use the PAGE instruction (e.g.
PAGE 1) or set PS1~PS0 bits to change the ROM page. When executing a "JMP",
"CALL", or other instructions which causes the program counter to be changed (e.g.
MOV R2, A), PS0~PS1 are loaded into the 11th and 12th bits of the program counter
where it selects one of the available program memory pages. Note that RET (RETL,
RETI) instruction does not change the PS0~PS1 bits. That is, the return will always be
to the page from where the subroutine was called, regardless of the current setting of
PS0~PS1 bits.
Bit 4 (T): Time-out bit. Set to 1 by the "SLEP" and "WDTC" commands or during power
up and reset to 0 by WDT timeout.
Event
T
0
0
1
1
1
P
0
1
0
1
1
Remark
WDT wake up from sleep mode
WDT time out (not sleep mode)
/RESET wake up from sleep
Power up
Low pulse on /RESET
×: don't care
Bit 3 (P): Power down bit. Set to 1 during power on or by a "WDTC" command and
reset to 0 by a "SLEP" command.
Bit 2 (Z): Zero flag
Bit 1 (DC): Auxiliary carry flag
Bit 0 (C): Carry flag
8 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.1.5 R4/RSR (RAM Select Register)
(Address: 04h)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
RBS1
RBS0
RSR5
RSR4
RSR3
RSR2
RSR1
RSR0
Bits 7 ~ 6 (RBS1 ~ RBS0): determine which bank is activated among the four banks.
See the data memory configuration in Fig. 6-2. Use the BANK instruction (e.g. BABK 1)
to change banks.
Bits 5 ~ 0 (RSR5 ~ RSR0): used to select up to 64 registers (Address: 00~3F) in
indirect addressing mode. If no indirect addressing is used, the RSR can be used as an
8-bit general purpose read/writer register.
6.1.6 R5/Port 5 (Port 5 I/O Data and Page of Register Select
(Address: 05h)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
R57
R56
R55
R54
−
−
−
IOCPAGE
Bits 7~4: 4-bits I/O registers of Port 5
User can use the IOC50 register to define each bit either as input or output.
Bits 3~1: Not used
Bit 0 (IOCPAGE): change IOC5 ~ IOCF to another page
IOCPAGE = “0” : Page 0 (select register of IOC 50 to IOC F0)
IOCPAGE = “1” : Page 1 (select register of IOC 61 to IOC E1)
6.1.7 R6/Port 6 (Port 6 I/O Data Register)
(Address: 06h)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
R67
R66
R65
R64
R63
R62
R61
R60
Bits 7~0: 8-bit I/O registers of Port 6
User can use the IOC60 register to define each bit either as input or output.
6.1.8 R7/Port 7 (Port 7 I/O Data Register)
(Address: 07h)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
R77
R76
R75
R74
R73
R72
R71
R70
Bits 7~0: 8-bit I/O registers of Port 7
User can use the IOC70 register to define each bit either as input or output.
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.1.9 R8/Port 8 (Port 8 I/O Data Register)
(Address: 08h)
Bit 7
R87
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
R86
R85
R84
R83
R82
R81
R80
Bits 7~0: 8-bit I/O registers of Port 8
User can use IOC80 register to define each bit either as input or output.
6.1.10 R9/LCDCR (LCD Control Register)
(Address: 09h)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
LCDF0
BS
DS1
DS0
LCDEN
--
LCDTYPE LCDF1
Bit 7 (BS): LCD bias select bit,
BS = “0”: 1/2 bias
BS = “1”: 1/3 bias
Bit 6 ~ 5 (DS1 ~ DS0): LCD duty select
DS1
DS0
LCD Duty
0
0
1
0
1
×
1/2 duty
1/3 duty
1/4 duty
Bit 4 (LCDEN): LCD enable bit
LCDEN = “0”: LCD circuit disabled. All common/segment outputs are set to
ground (GND) level.
LCDEN = “1”: LCD circuit enabled.
Bit 3: Not used
Bit 2 (LCDTYPE): LCD drive waveform type select bit
LCDTYPE = “0” : A type waveform
LCDTYPE = “1” : B type waveform
Bits 1 ~ 0 (LCDF1 ~ LCDF0): LCD frame frequency control bits
LCD Frame Frequency (e.g. Fs=32.768kHz)
LCDF1
LCDF0
1/2 Duty
1/3 Duty
1/4 Duty
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Fs/(256×2)=64.0
Fs/(280×2)=58.5
Fs/(304×2)=53.9
Fs/(232×2)=70.6
Fs/(172×3)=63.5
Fs/(188×3)=58.0
Fs/(204×3)=53.5
Fs/(156×3)=70.0
Fs/(128×4)=64.0
Fs/(140×4)=58.5
Fs/(152×4)=53.9
Fs/(116×4)=70.6
Note: Fs: sub-oscillator frequency
10 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.1.11 RA/LCD_ADDR (LCD Address)
(Address: 0Ah)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0
0
0
LCD_A4 LCD_A3 LCD_A2 LCD_A1 LCD_A0
Bits 7~5: Not used, fixed to “0”
Bits 4~0 (LCDA4 ~ LCDA0): LCD RAM addresses
RB (LCD Data Buffer)
RA
Segment
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
(LCD Address)
Bits 7 ~4
(LCD_D3) (LCD_D2) (LCD_D1) (LCD_D0)
00H
01H
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
SEG0
SEG1
SEG2
|
02H
|
|
1DH
1EH
−
−
−
−
−
−
SEG29
SEG30
SEG31
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
1FH
−
Common
×
COM3
COM2
COM1
COM0
6.1.12 RB/LCD_DB (LCD Data Buffer)
(Address: 0Bh)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
−
−
−
−
LCD_D3 LCD_D2 LCD_D1 LCD_D0
Bits 7~4: Not used
Bits 3~0 (LCD_D3 ~ LCD_D0) : LCD RAM data transfer register
6.1.13 RC/CNTER (Counter Enable Register)
(Address: 0Ch)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
−
−
−
−
LPWTEN HPWTEN CNT2EN CNT1EN
Bits 7, 5: Not used, must be fixed to “0”
Bits 6, 4: Not used
Bit 3 (LPWTEN): low pulse width timer enable bit
LPWTEN = “0” : Disable LPWT. Stop counting operation.
LPWTEN = “1” : Enable LPWT. Start counting operation.
Bit 2 (HPWTEN): high pulse width timer enable bit
HPWTEN = “0” : Disable HPWT. Stop counting operation.
HPWTEN = “1” : Enable HPWT. Start counting operation.
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Bit 1 (CNT2EN): Counter 2 enable bit
CNT2EN = “0” : Disable Counter 2. Stop counting operation.
CNT2EN = “1” : Enable Counter 2. Start counting operation.
Bit 0 (CNT1EN): Counter 1 enable bit
CNT1EN = “0” : Disable Counter 1. Stop counting operation.
CNT1EN = “1” : Enable Counter 1. Start counting operation.
6.1.14 RD/SBPCR (System, Booster and PLL Control Register)
(Address: 0Dh)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
−
CLK2
CLK1
CLK0
IDLE
BF1
BF0
CPUS
Bit 7: Not used
Bits 6 ~ 4 (CLK2 ~ CLK0): main clock selection bits for PLL mode (code option select)
CLK2
CLK1
CLK0
Main clock
Fs×130
Fs×65
Example Fs=32.768K
4.26 MHz
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
×
0
1
0
1
×
2.13 MHz
Fs×65/2
Fs×65/4
Fs×244
1.065 MHz
532 kHz
8 MHz
Bit 3 (IDLE): Idle mode enable bit. This bit will determine the intended mode of the
SLEP instruction.
Idle = ”0”+SLEP instruction → Sleep mode
Idle = ”1”+SLEP instruction → Idle mode
* NOP instruction must be added after SLEP instruction.
Example : Idle mode : Idle bit = “1” +SLEP instruction + NOP instruction
Sleep mode : Idle bit = “0” +SLEP instruction + NOP instruction
Bits 2, 1 (BF1, 0): LCD booster frequency select bit to adjust VLCD 2, 3 driving.
BF1
BF0
0
Booster Frequency
0
0
1
1
Fs
1
Fs/4
Fs/8
Fs/16
0
1
Bit 0 (CPUS): CPU oscillator source select, When CPUS=0, the CPU oscillator select
sub-oscillator and the main oscillator is stopped.
CPUS = “0”: sub-oscillator (Fs)
CPUS = “1”: main oscillator (Fm)
12 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
CPU Operation Mode
Code option
HLFS=1
RESET
Normal Mode
Code option
HLFS=0
fm:oscillation
fs:oscillation
it must delay a little times f or the main
oscillation stable w hile your system timing
control is conscientious
CPU: usingfosc
CPUS="0"
CPUS="1"
IDLE="0"
SLEP
IDLE="1"
SLEP
SLEEP Mode
Green Mode
fm:stop
IDLE Mode
Fm:stop
Fs: stop
fm:stop
fs:oscillation
fs:oscillation
Wake up
w akeup
CPU: stop
CPU: usingfs
CPU: stop
The w ake up time from idle to green
mode is 16*1/fs
The w ake up time from sleep to green mode is
approximately sub-oscillator setup time +18ms+16*1/fs
Fig. 6-3 CPU Operation Mode
6.1.15 RE/IRCR (IR and Port 5 Setting Control Register)
(Address: 0Eh)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
IRE
HF
LGP
−
IROUTE
TCCE
EINT1
EINT0
Bit 7 (IRE): Infrared Remote Enable bit
IRE = “0” : Disable the IR/PWM function. The state of P5.7/IROUT pin is
determined by Bit 7 of IOC 50 if it is for IROUT.
IRE = “1” : Enable IR or PWM function.
Bit 6 (HF): High carry frequency
HF = “0” : For PWM application, disable the H/W modulator function. The IROUT
waveform is generated according to high-pulse and low-pulse time as
determined by the respective high pulse and low pulse width timers.
Counter 2 is an independent auto reload timer.
HF = “1” : For IR application mode, enable the H/W modulator function, the low
time sections of the generated pulse is modulated with the Fcarrier
frequency. The Fcarrier frequency is provided by Counter 2.
Bit 5 (LGP): IROUT for of low pulse width timer
LGP = “0” : The high-pulse width timer register and low-pulse width timer is valid.
LGP = “1” : The high-pulse width timer register is ignored. So the IROUT
waveform is dependent on the low-pulse width timer register only.
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Bit 4: Not used
Bit 3 (IROUTE): Define the function of P5.7/IROUT pin.
IROUTE = “0” : for bi-directional general I/O pin.
IROUTE = “1” : for IR or PWM output pin, the control bit of P5.7 (Bit 7 of IOC50)
must be set to “0”
Bit 2 (TCCE): Define the function of P5.6/TCC pin.
TCCE = “0” : for bi-directional general I/O pin.
TCCE = “1” : for external input pin of TCC, the control bit of P5.6 (Bit 6 of IOC50)
must be set to “1”
Bit 1 (EINT1): Define the function of P5.5/INT1 pin.
EINT1 = “0” : for bi-directional general I/O pin.
EINT1 = “1” : for external interrupt pin of INT1, the control bit of P5.5 (Bit 5 of
IOC50) must be set to “1”
Bit 0 (EINT0) : Define the function of P5.4/INT0 pin.
EINT0 = “0” : for bi-directional general I/O pin.
EINT0 = “1” : for external interrupt pin of INT0, the control bit of P5.4 (Bit 4 of
IOC50) must be set to “1”
6.1.16 RF/ISR (Interrupt Status Register)
(Address: 0Fh)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ICIF
LPWTF
HPWTF
CNT2F
CNT1F
INT1F
INT0F
TCIF
These bits are set to “1” when interrupt occurs respectively.
Bit 7 (ICIF): Port 6, Port 8, input status changed interrupt flag. Set when Port 6, Port 8
input changes.
Bit 6 (LPWTF): interrupt flag of the internal low-pulse width timer underflow.
Bit 5 (HPWTF): interrupt flag of the internal high-pulse width timer underflow.
Bit 4 (CNT2F): interrupt flag of the internal Counter 2 underflow.
Bit 3 (CNT1F): interrupt flag of the internal Counter 1 underflow.
Bit 2 (INT1F): external INT1 pin interrupt flag.
Bit 1 (INT0F): external INT0 pin interrupt flag.
Bit 0 (TCIF): TCC timer overflow interrupt flag. Set when TCC timer overflows.
6.1.17 Address: 10h~3Fh; R10~R3F (General Purpose Register)
R10~R31F and R20~R3F (Banks 0~3) are general purpose registers.
14 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.2 Special Purpose Registers
6.2.1
A (Accumulator)
Internal data transfer operation, or instruction operand holding usually involves the
temporary storage function of the Accumulator, which is not an addressable register.
„ Registers of IOC Page 0 (IOC50 ~ IOCF0, Bit 0 of R5 = “0”)
6.2.2 IOC50/P5CR (Port 5 I/O and Ports 7, 8 for LCD Segment Control
Register)
(Address: 05h, Bit 0 of R5 = “0”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
IOC57
IOC56
IOC55
IOC54
P8HS
P8LS
P7HS
P7LS
Bits 7~4 (IOC57~54): Port 5 I/O direction control register
IOC5x = “0”: set the relative P5.x I/O pins as output
IOC5x = “1”: set the relative P5.x I/O pin into high impedance (input pin)
Bit 3 (P8HS): Switch to high nibble I/O of Port 8 or to LCD segment output while
sharing
pins with SEGxx/P8.x pins.
P8HS = “0”: select high nibble of Port 8 as normal P8.4~P8.7
P8HS = “1”: select LCD segment output as SEG 28~SEG 31 output
Bit 2 (P8LS): Switch to low nibble I/O of Port 8 or to LCD segment output while sharing
pins with SEGxx/P8.x pins
P8LS = ”0”: select low nibble of Port 8 as normal P8.0~P8.3
P8LS = ”1”: select LCD Segment output as SEG 24~SEG 27 output
Bit 1 (P7HS): Switch to high nibble I/O of Port 7 or to LCD segment output while
sharing
pins with SEGxx/P7.x pins
P7HS = “0”: select high nibble of Port 7 as normal P7.4~P7.7
P7HS = “1”: select LCD Segment output as SEG 20~SEG 23 output
Bit 0 (P7LS): Switch to low nibble I/O of Port 7 or to LCD segment output while sharing
pins with SEGxx/P7.x pins
P7LS = “0”: select low nibble of Port 7 as normal P7.0~P7.3
P7LS = “1”: select LCD segment output as SEG 16~SEG 19 output
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.2.3 IOC60/P6CR (Port 6 I/O Control Register)
(Address: 06h, Bit 0 of R5 = “0”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
IOC67
IOC66
IOC65
IOC64
IOC63
IOC62
IOC61
IOC60
Bit 7 (IOC67) ~ Bit 0(IOC60): Port 6 I/O direction control register
IOC6x =”0”: set the relative Port 6.x I/O pins as output
IOC6x =”1”: set the relative Port 6.x I/O pin into high impedance (input pin)
6.2.4 IOC70/P7CR (Port 7 I/O Control Register)
(Address: 07h, Bit 0 of R5 = “0”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
IOC77
IOC76
IOC75
IOC74
IOC73
IOC72
IOC71
IOC70
Bit 7 (IOC77) ~ Bit 0 (IOC70): Port 7 I/O direction control register
IOC7x = “0”: set the relative Port 7.x I/O pins as output
IOC7x = “1”: set the relative Port 7.x I/O pin into high impedance (input pin)
6.2.5 IOC80/P8CR (Port 8 I/O Control Register)
(Address: 08h, Bit 0 of R5 = “0”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
IOC87
IOC86
IOC85
IOC84
IOC83
IOC82
IOC81
IOC80
Bit 7 (IOC 87) ~ Bit 0 (IOC 80): Port 8 I/O direction control register
IOC8x = “0”: set the relative Port 8.x I/O pins as output
IOC8x = “1”: set the relative Port 8.x I/O pin into high impedance (input pin)
6.2.6 IOC90/RAM_ADDR (128 Bytes RAM Address)
(Address: 09h, Bit 0 of R5 = “0”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0
RAM_A6 RAM_A5 RAM_A4 RAM_A3 RAM_A2 RAM_A1 RAM_A0
Bit 7: Not used, fixed at “0”
Bits 6~0: 128 bytes RAM address
6.2.7 IOCA0/RAM_DB (128 Bytes RAM Data Buffer)
(Address: 0Ah, Bit 0 of R5 = “0”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
RAM_D7 RAM_D6 RAM_D5 RAM_D4 RAM_D3 RAM_D2 RAM_D1 RAM_D0
Bits 7~0: 128 bytes RAM data transfer register
16 •
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.2.8
IOCB0/CNT1PR (Counter 1 Preset Register)
(Address: 0Bh, Bit 0 of R5 = “0”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0: These are Counter 1 buffers which user can read and write. Counter 1 is
an 8-bit down-count timer with 8-bit prescaler used to preset the counter and read the
preset value. The prescaler is set by the IOC91 register. After an interrupt, it will auto
reload the preset value.
6.2.9 IOCC0/CNT2PR (Counter 2 Preset Register)
(Address: 0Ch, Bit 0 of R5 = “0”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0: These are Counter 2 buffers which user can read and write. Counter 2 is
an 8-bit down-count timer with 8-bit prescaler used to preset the counter and read the
preset value. The prescaler is set by IOC91 register. After an interrupt, it will reload the
preset value.
When IR output is enabled, this control register can obtain carrier frequency output.
If the Counter 2 clock source is equal to FT , then
FT
Carrier frequency (Fcarrier) =
2 * (preset _ value +1) * prescaler
6.2.10 IOCD0/HPWTPR (High-Pulse Width Timer Preset Register)
(Address: 0Dh, Bit 0 of R5 = “0”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0: These are high-pulse width timer buffers which user can read and write.
High-pulse width timer preset register is an eight-bit down-counter with 8-bit prescaler
used as IOCD0 to preset the counter and read the preset value. The prescaler is set by
the IOCA1 register. After an interrupt, it will reload the preset value.
For PWM or IR application, this control register is set as high pulse width.
If the high-pulse width timer clock source is FT , then
prescaler * (preset _ value +1)
High pulse time =
FT
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 17
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.2.11 IOCE0/LPWTPR (Low-Pulse Width Timer Preset Register)
(Address: 0Eh, Bit 0 of R5 = “0”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0: All are low-pulse width timer buffer that user can read and write.
Low-pulse width timer preset is an eight-bit down-counter with 8-bit prescaler that is
used as IOCE0 to preset the counter and read preset value. The prescaler is set by
IOCA1 register. After an interrupt, it will reload the preset value.
For PWM or IR application, this control register is set as low pulse width.
If the low-pulse width timer clock source is FT , then
prescaler * (preset _ value +1)
Low pulse time =
FT
6.2.12 IOCF0/IMR (Interrupt Mask Register)
(Address: 0Fh, Bit 0 of R5 = “0”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ICIE
LPWTE
HPWTE
CNT2E
CNT1E
INT1E
INT0E
TCIE
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0: interrupt enable bit. Enable the respective interrupt source.
0: disable interrupt
1: enable interrupt
IOCF0 register is readable and writable.
„ Registers of IOC Page 1 (IOC61 ~ IOCE1, Bit 0 of R5 = “1”)
6.2.13 IOC61/WUCR (Wake-up and Sink Current of P5.7/IROUT
Control Register)
(Address: 06h, Bit 0 of R5 = “1”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
IROCS
--
--
--
/WUE8H /WUE8L /WUE6H /WUE6L
Bit 7: IROCS: IROUT/Port 5.7 output sink current set
P5.7/IROUT Sink Current
IROCS
VDD=5V
10 mA
VDD=3V
6 mA
0
1
20 mA
12 mA
Bits 6, 5, 4: Not used
Bit 3 (/WUE8H): 0/1→ enable/disable P8.4~P8.7 pin change wake-up function
18 •
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Bit 2 (/WUE8L): 0/1 → enable/disable P8.0~P8.3 pin change wake-up function
Bit 1 (/WUE6H): 0/1 → enable/disable P6.4~P6.7 pin change wake-up function
Bit 0 (/WUE6L): 0/1 → enable/disable P6.0~P6.3 pin change wake-up function
* Port 6 and Port 8 must not be set as input floating when wake-up function is
enabled. “Enable” is the initial state of wake-up function.
6.2.14 IOC71/TCCCR (TCC Control Register)
(Address: 07h, Bit 0 of R5 = “1”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
INT_EDGE
INT
TS
TE
PSRE
TCCP2
TCCP1
TCCP0
Bit 7 (INT_EDGE):
INT_EDGE = “0”: Interrupt on the rising edge of P5.4/INT0 pin
INT_EDGE = “1”: Interrupt on the falling edge of P5.4/INT0 pin
Bit 6 (INT): INT enable flag, this bit is read only
INT = “0”: interrupt masked by DISI or hardware interrupt
INT = “1”: interrupt enabled by ENI/RETI instructions
Bit 5 (TS): TCC signal source
TS = “0”: internal instruction cycle clock
TS = “1”: transition on TCC pin, TCC period > internal instruction clock period
Bit 4 (TE): TCC signal edge
TE = “0”: incremented by TCC pin rising edge
TE = “1”: incremented by TCC pin falling edge
Bits 3~0 (PSRE, TCCP2 ~ TCCP0): TCC prescaler bits.
PSRE
TCCP2
TCCP1
TCCP0
TCC Rate
1:1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
×
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
×
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
×
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1:2
1:4
1:8
1:16
1:32
1:64
1:128
1:256
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 19
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.2.15 IOC81/WDTCR (WDT Control Register)
(Address: 08h, Bit 0 of R5 = “1”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
−
−
−
−
WDTE
WDTP2
WDTP1
WDTP0
Bits 7 ~ 4: Not used
Bit 3 (WDTE): Watchdog timer enable. This control bit is used to enable the Watchdog
timer,
WDTE = “0”: Disable WDT function
WDTE = “1”: enable WDT function
Bits 2 ~ 0 (WDTP2 ~ WDTP0): Watchdog Timer prescaler bits. The WDT clock source
is sub-oscillation frequency.
WDTP2
WDTP1
WDTP0
WDT Rate
1:1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1:2
1:4
1:8
1:16
1:32
1:64
1:128
6.2.16 IOC91/CNT12CR (Counters 1, 2 Control Register)
(Address: 09h, Bit 0 of R5 = “1”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
CNT2S
CNT2P2 CNT2P1 CNT2P0
CNT1S
CNT1P2 CNT1P1 CNT1P0
Bit 7(CNT2S): Counter 2 clock source select 0/1 → Fs/ Fm*
(*Fs: sub-oscillator clock, Fm: main-oscillator clock)
Bits 6~4 (CNT2P2 ~ CNT2P 0): Counter 2 prescaler select bits
CNT2P2
CNT2P1
CNT1P0
Counter 2 Scale
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1:2
1:4
1:8
1:16
1:32
1:64
1:128
1:256
20 •
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Bit 3 (CNT1S): Counter 1 clock source select 0/1 → Fs/ Fm*
Bits 2~0 (CNT1P2 ~ CNT1P20): Counter 1 prescaler select bits
CNT1P2
CNT1P1
CNT1P0
Counter 1 Scale
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1:2
1:4
1:8
1:16
1:32
1:64
1:128
1:256
6.2.17 IOCA1/HLPWTCR (High/Low Pulse Width Timer Control Register)
(Address: 0Ah, Bit 0 of R5 = “1”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
LPWTS
LPWTP2 LPWTP1 LPWTP0 HPWTS HPWTP2 HPWTP1 HPWTP0
Bit 7 (LPWTS): low-pulse width timer clock source select 0/1 → Fs/ Fm*
(*Fs: sub-oscillator clock, Fm: main-oscillator clock)
Bits 6~4 (LPWTP2~ LPWTP0): low-pulse width timer prescaler select bits
LPWTP2
LPWTP1
LPWTP0
Low-pulse Width Timer Scale
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1:2
1:4
1:8
1:16
1:32
1:64
1:128
1:256
Bit 3 (HPWTS): high-pulse width timer clock source select 0/1 → Fs/ Fm*
Bits 2~0 (HPWTP2~ HPWTP0): high-pulse width timer prescaler select bits
HPWTP2
HPWTP1
HPWTP0
High-pulse Width Timer Scale
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1:2
1:4
1:8
1:16
1:32
1:64
1:128
1:256
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 21
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.2.18 IOCB1/P6PH (Port 6 Pull-high Control Register)
(Address: 0Bh, Bit 0 of R5 = “1”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
PH67
PH66
PH65
PH64
PH63
PH62
PH61
PH60
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0 (PH67 ~ PH60): The enable bits of Port 6 pull high function.
PH6x = “0”: disable pin of P6.x internal pull-high resistor function
PH6x = “1”: enable pin of P6.x internal pull-high resistor function
6.2.19 IOCC1/P6OD (Port 6 Open Drain Control Register)
(Address: 0Ch, Bit 0 of R5 = “1”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
OP67
OP66
OP65
OP64
OP63
OP62
OP61
OP60
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0: The enable bits of Port 6 open drain function.
OD6x = “0”: disable pin of P6.x open drain function
OD6x = “1”: enable pin of P6.x open drain function
6.2.20 IOCD1/P8PH (Port 8 Pull High Control Register)
(Address: 0Dh, Bit 0 of R5 = “1”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
PH87
PH86
PH85
PH84
PH83
PH82
PH81
PH80
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0: The enable bits of PORT 8 pull-high function.
PH8x = “0”: disable pin of P8.x internal pull-high resistor function
PH8x = “1”: enable pin of P8.x pull-high resistor function
6.2.21 IOCE1/P6PL (Port 6 Pull Low Control Register)
(Address: 0Eh, Bit 0 of R5 = “1”)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
PL67
PL66
PL65
PL64
PL63
PL62
PL61
PL60
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0: The enable bits of Port 6 pull low function.
PL6x = “0”: disable pin of P6.x internal pull-low resistor function
PL6x = “1”: enable pin of P6.x internal pull-low resistor function
22 •
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.3 TCC and WDT Prescaler
Two 8-bit counters are available as prescalers for the TCC (Time Clock Counter) and
WDT (Watchdog Timer). The TCCP2~TCCP0 bits of the IOC71 register are used to
determine the ratio of the TCC prescaler. Likewise, the WDTP2~WDTP0 bits of the
IOC81 register are used to determine the WDT prescaler. The TCC prescaler
(TCCP2~TCCP0) is cleared by the instructions each time they are written into TCC,
while the WDT prescaler is cleared by the “WDTC” and “SLEP” instructions. Fig.7
depicts the circuit diagram of TCC and WDT.
R1 (TCC) is an 8-bit timer/counter. The clock source of TCC can be selected by
internal instruction clock or external signal input (edge selectable from the TCC control
register). If the TCC signal source is from the internal instruction clock, the TCC will be
incremented by 1 at every instruction cycle (without prescaler). If the TCC signal
source is from an external clock input, the TCC will be incremented by 1 at every falling
edge or rising edge of the TCC pin.
The Watchdog Timer is a free running on sub-oscillator. The WDT will keep on running
even after the oscillator driver has been turned off. During Normal mode, Green mode,
or Idle mode operation, a WDT time-out (if enabled) will cause the device to reset. The
WDT can be enabled or disabled at any time during the Normal mode and Green mode
by software programming. Refer to WDTE bit of IOC81 register. The WDT time-out
period is equal to (prescaler × 256 / (Fs/2)).
Data Bus
TCC (R1)
Instruction Clock = Fosc /2
Fosc: CPU operate frequency
TCC
Pin
MUX
Prescaler
8 to 1 MUX
PSRE TCCP2~0
(IOC71) (IOC71)
TCCoverflow interrupt
TE (IOC71)
TS (IOC71)
Fig. 6-4(a) Block Diagram of TCC
WDT
8 bit counter
Fs/2
WDTE (IOC81)
8 to 1 MUX
Prescaler
(Fs:Sub oscillator)
WDTP2~0
(IOC81)
WDT Time out
Fig. 6-4(b) Block Diagram of WDT
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
WDT Setting Flowchart
START
N
Use WDT function ?
Y
Enable WDT function : set bit 7 of
Code option Word 0 to "0"
Disable WDT function : set bit 7 of
Code option Word 0 to "1"
Setting WDT prescaler
(IOC81 register)
WDTtime= prescaler*256/Fs
Fs: sub-oscillator frequency
Enable WDT
(bit 3 of IOC81)
END
TCC Setting Flowchart
START
from External Input
from Instruction Cycle
TCC clock source?
External/ instruction cycle
*set clock source from external TCC pin
(set bit 4 of IOC71 to "1")
*choose TCC clock source from instruction cycle
(set bit 4 of IOC71 to "0")
*set P5.6/TCC for TCC input Pin
*choose TCC prescaler
( set bit 2 of RE to "1" and set bit 6 of IOC 50 to "1")
(set by bit 0 to bit 3 of IOC71)
*choose TCC pin operation edge
(set by bit 4 of IOC71)
*choose TCC prescaler
(set by bit 0 to bit 3 of IOC71)
* Enable TCC interrupt Mask
(set bit 0 of IOCF0 to "1")
*Clear TCC interrupt Flag
(set bit 0 of RF to "0")
Enable TCC to start count
(use ENI instruction)
END
24 •
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.4 I/O Ports
The I/O registers, (Port 5, Port 6, Port 7 and Port 8), are bi-directional tri-state I/O ports.
Port 6 and Port 8 are pulled-high internally by software; Port 6 is also pulled-low internally
by software. Furthermore, Port 6 has its open-drain output also through software. Port 6
and Port 8 features an input status changed interrupt (or wake-up) function and is
pulled-high by software. Each I/O pin can be defined as "input" or "output" pin by the I/O
control register (IOC50 ~ IOC80). The I/O registers and I/O control registers are both
readable and writable. The I/O interface circuits are shown in Fig. 6-5.
Note: Open-drain, pull-high, and pull down are not shown in the figure.
Fig. 6-5 The Circuit of I/O Port and I/O Control Register for Port 5 ~ 8
6.5 Reset and Wake-up
A reset can be activated by
„
„
„
POR (Power-on Reset)
WDT timeout. (if enabled)
/RESET pin goes to low.
Note: The reset circuit is always enabled. It will reset the CPU at 1.9V.
Once a reset occurs, the following functions are performed
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
The oscillator is running, or will be started.
The program counter (R2/PC) is set to all "0".
All I/O port pins are configured as input mode (high-impedance state).
The TCC/Watchdog timer and prescaler are cleared.
When power is on, the Bits 5 and 6 of R3 and the upper two bits of R4 are cleared.
Bits of the IOC71 register are set to all "1" except for Bit 6 (INT flag).
For other registers, see Table 2.
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Table 2 Summary of Registers Initialized Values
Address
Name
Reset Type
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit Name
IOC57 IOC56 IOC55 IOC54
P8HS
P8LS
P7HS
P7LS
Power-on
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
IOC50
(P5CR)
0x05
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
IOC67 IOC66 IOC65 IOC64 IOC63 IOC62 IOC61 IOC60
Power-on
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
IOC60
(P6CR)
0x06
0x07
0x08
0x09
0x0A
0x0B
0x0C
0x0D
0x0E
0x0F
0x06
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
IOC77 IOC76 IOC75 IOC74 IOC73 IOC72 IOC71 IOC70
Power-on
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
IOC70
(P7CR)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
IOC87 IOC86 IOC85 IOC84 IOC83 IOC82 IOC81 IOC80
1
1
Power-on
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
IOC80
(P8CR)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
RAM_A0
RAM_A6 RAM_A5 RAM_A4 RAM_A3 RAM_A2 RAM_A1
X
0
0
Power-on
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
IOC90
(RAM_ADDR)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
RAM_D7 RAM_D6 RAM_D5 RAM_D4 RAM_D3 RAM_D2 RAM_D1 RAM_D0
Power-on
U
P
U
P
U
P
U
P
U
P
U
P
U
P
U
P
IOCA0
(RAM_DB)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-Up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Bit 7
0
0
Bit 6
0
0
Bit 5
0
0
Bit 4
0
0
Bit 3
0
0
Bit 2
0
0
Bit 1
0
0
Bit 0
0
0
Power-on
IOCB0
(CNT1PR)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Bit 7
0
0
Bit 6
0
0
Bit 5
0
0
Bit 4
0
0
Bit 3
0
0
Bit 2
0
0
Bit 1
0
0
Bit 0
0
0
Power-on
IOCC0
(CNT2PR)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Bit 7
0
0
Bit 6
0
0
Bit 5
0
0
Bit 4
0
0
Bit 3
0
0
Bit 2
0
0
Bit 1
0
0
Bit 0
0
0
Power-on
IOCD0
(HPWTPR)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Bit 7
0
0
Bit 6
0
0
Bit 5
0
0
Bit 4
0
0
Bit 3
0
0
Bit 2
0
0
Bit 1
0
0
Bit 0
0
0
Power-on
IOCE0
(LPWTPR)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
ICIE
0
0
LPWTE HPWTE CNT2E CNT1E INT1E
INT0E
0
0
TCIE
0
0
Power-on
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
IOCF0
(IMR)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
IROCS
0
0
X
U
U
X
U
U
X
U
U
/WUE8H /WUE8L /WUE6H /WUE6L
Power-on
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
IOC61
(WUCR)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
P
U
U
U
P
P
P
P
26 •
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Address
Name
Reset Type
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
INT_EDGE
Bit Name
Power-on
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
INT
0
0
TS
1
1
TE
1
1
PSRE TCCP2 TCCP1 TCCP0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
IOC71
(TCCCR)
0x07
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
X
U
U
X
U
U
X
U
U
X
U
U
WDTE WDTP2 WDTP1 WDTP0
Power-on
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
IOC81
(WDTCR)
0x08
0x09
0x0A
0x0B
0x0C
0x0D
0x0E
0x00
0x01
0x02
0x03
0x04
/RESET &WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
U
U
U
U
P
P
P
P
CNT2S CNT2P2 CNT2P1 CNT2P0 CNT1S CNT1P2 CNT1P1 CNT1P0
Power-on
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
IOC91
(CNT12CR)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
HPWTP2 HPWTP1 HPWTP0
LPWTS LPWTP2 LPWTP1 LPWTP0 HPWTS
Power-on
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
IOCA1
(HLPWTCR)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
PH67
PH66
PH65
PH64
PH63
PH62
PH61
PH60
Power-on
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
IOCB1
(P6PH)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
OP67
OP66
OP65
OP64
OP63
OP62
OP61
OP60
Power-on
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
IOCC1
(P6OD)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
PH87
PH86
PH85
PH84
PH83
PH82
PH81
PH80
Power-on
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
IOCD1
(P8PH)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
PL67
PL66
PL65
PL64
PL63
PL62
PL61
PL60
Power-on
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
IOCE1
(P6PL)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Bit 7
U
Bit 6
U
Bit 5
U
Bit 4
U
Bit 3
U
Bit 2
U
Bit 1
U
Bit 0
U
Power-on
R0
(IAR)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Power-on
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R1
(TCC)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Power-on
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R2
(PC)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
Jump to address 0x0018 or continue to execute next instruction
X
U
U
PS1
0
0
PS0
0
0
T
1
t
P
1
t
Z
U
P
DC
U
P
C
U
P
Power-on
R3
(SR)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
U
P
P
t
t
P
P
P
Bank 1
0
0
Bank 0
0
0
−
U
P
−
U
P
−
U
P
−
U
P
−
U
P
−
U
P
Power-on
R4
(RSR)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 27
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Address
Name
Reset Type
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
IOCPAGE
Bit Name
Power-on
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
R57
1
1
R56
1
1
R55
1
1
R54
1
1
X
U
U
X
U
U
X
U
U
0
0
R5
(Port 5)
0x05
P
P
P
P
U
U
U
P
R67
1
R66
1
R65
1
R64
1
R63
1
R62
1
R61
1
R60
1
Power-on
R6
(Port 6)
0x06
0x7
0x8
0x9
0xA
0xB
0xC
0xD
0xE
0xF
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
R77
1
1
R76
1
1
R75
1
1
R74
1
1
R73
1
1
R62
1
1
R71
1
1
R70
1
1
Power-on
R7
(Port 7)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
R87
1
1
R86
1
1
R85
1
1
R84
1
1
R83
1
1
R82
1
1
R81
1
1
R80
1
1
Power-on
R8
(Port 8)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
LCDTYPE
BS
1
1
DS1
1
1
DS0
0
0
LCDEN
X
U
U
LCDF1 LCDF0
0
0
Power-on
0
0
0
0
0
0
R9
(LCDCR)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
P
U
P
P
P
X
0
0
X
0
0
X
0
0
LCD_A4 LCD_A3 LCD_A2 LCD_A1 LCD_A0
Power-on
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
RA
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
(LCD_ADDR)
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
LCD_D 3 LCD_D 2 LCD_D 1 LCD_D 0
X
U
U
X
U
U
X
U
U
X
U
U
Power-on
U
P
U
P
U
P
U
P
RB
(LCD_DB)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
U
U
U
U
P
P
P
P
LPWTEN HPWTEN CNT2EN CNT1EN
X
0
0
X
1
1
X
0
0
X
0
0
Power-on
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
RC
(CNTER)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
0
P
P
P
P
P
X
U
U
CLK2
0
0
CLK1
0
0
CLK0
0
0
IDLE
1
1
BF1
0
0
BF0
0
0
CPUS
*1
*1
Power-on
RD
(SBPCR)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
U
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
IRE
0
0
HF
0
0
LGP
0
0
X
U
U
IROUTE TCCE
EINT1 EINT0
0
0
Power-on
0
0
0
0
0
0
RE
(IRCR)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
P
P
P
U
P
P
P
P
ICIF
0
0
LPWTF HPWTF CNT2F CNT1F INT1F
INT0F
0
0
TCIF
0
0
Power-on
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
RF
(ISR)
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
Bit Name
N
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Bit 7
U
P
Bit 6
U
P
Bit 5
U
P
Bit 4
U
P
Bit 3
U
P
Bit 2
U
P
Bit 1
U
P
Bit 0
U
P
0x10
~
0x3F
Power-on
R10~R3F
/RESET & WDT
Wake-up from
Pin Change
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Note: This bit is equal to the Code Option HLFS bit data
Legend: “×” = not used
“−” = Not defined
“P” = previous value before reset
“t” = check R3 register explanation
“N” = Monitors interrupt operation status
“u” = unknown or don’t care
28 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
The controller can be awakened from sleep mode and idle mode. The wake-up signals
are listed as follows:
Wake-up Signal
Sleep Mode
Idle Mode
Green Mode Normal Mode
TCC time out
IOCF0 Bit 0=1
Interrupt
Interrupt
Interrupt
Interrupt
×
×
Wake-up
Wake-up
INT0 pin
+ interrupt
+ interrupt
IOCF0 Bit 1=1
+ next instruction
+ next instruction
Wake-up
Wake-up
INT1 pin
+ interrupt
+ next instruction
+ interrupt
+ next instruction
Interrupt
Interrupt
Interrupt
Interrupt
Interrupt
Interrupt
Interrupt
Interrupt
Interrupt
Interrupt
IOCF0 Bit 2=1
Wake-up
+ interrupt
Counter 1
IOCF0 Bit 3=1
×
×
×
×
+ next instruction
Wake-up
Counter 2
+ interrupt
IOCF0 Bit 4=1
+ next instruction
Wake-up
+ interrupt
High-pulse timer
IOCF0 Bit 5=1
+ next instruction
Wake-up
Low-pulse timer
IOCF0 Bit 6=1
+ interrupt
+ next instruction
Port 6, Port 8
Wake-up
+ next instruction
Wake-up
+ next instruction
(input status
change wake-up)
×
×
Bit 7 of IOCF0 = “0”
Port 6, Port 8
Wake-up
+ interrupt
Wake-up
+ interrupt
(input status
change wake-up)
×
×
+ next instruction
+ next instruction
Bit 7 of IOCF0 = “1”
WDT time out
RESET
RESET
RESET
×
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 29
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.6 Oscillator
6.6.1 Oscillator Modes
The EM78P468N/EM78P468L can operate in three different oscillator modes i.e.,
a.) Main oscillator (R-OSCI, OSCO), such as RC oscillator with external resistor and
Internal capacitor mode (ERIC); b.) Crystal oscillator mode; and c.) PLL operation
mode (R-OSCI connected to 0.01μF capacitor to Ground). User can select which
mode by programming FMMD1 and FMMD0 in the Code Options Register. The
sub-oscillator can be operated in Crystal mode and ERIC mode. Table 3 below shows
how these three modes are defined.
Table 3 Oscillator Modes as defined by FSMD, FMMD1, FMMD0.
FSMD
FMMD1
FMMD0
Main Clock
RC type (ERIC)
Sub-clock
RC type (ERIC)
RC type (ERIC)
RC type (ERIC)
Crystal type
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
×
0
1
×
Crystal type
PLL type
RC type (ERIC)
Crystal type
PLL type
Crystal type
Crystal type
Table 4 Summary of maximum operating speeds
Conditions
VDD
2.3
Fxt Max. (MHz)
4
8
Two clocks
3.0
5.0
10
6.6.2
Phase Lock Loop (PLL Mode)
When operate on PLL mode, the High frequency determined by sub-oscillator. We can
choose RD register to change high oscillator frequency. The relation between high
frequency (Fm) and sub-oscillator is shown as below table:
R-OSCI
0.01uF
C1
Xin
XTAL
EM78P468N
Xout
C2
Fig. 6-6 PLL Mode Circuit
30 •
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Bits 6~4 (CLK2~0) of RD: main clock selection bits for PLL mode (code option select)
CLK2
CLK1
CLK0
Main clock
Example Fs=32.768KHz
4.26 MHz
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
×
0
1
0
1
×
Fs×130
Fs×65
Fs×65/2
Fs×65/4
Fs×244
2.13 MHz
1.065 MHz
532 kHz
8 MHz
6.6.3
Crystal Oscillator/Ceramic Resonators (Crystal)
This LSI can be driven by an external clock signal through the R-OSCI pin as shown in
Fig.6-7 below. In most applications, the R-OSCI pin and the OSCO pin can be
connected with a crystal or ceramic resonator to generate oscillation. Fig. 6-8 depicts
such circuit. Table 5 provides the recommended values of C1 and C2. Since each
resonator has its own attribute, user should refer to its specification for appropriate
values of C1 and C2. RS, a serial resistor, may be necessary for AT strip cut crystal or
low frequency mode.
R-OSCI
EM78P468N
OSCO
Fig. 6-7 External Clock Input Circuit
C1
C2
C1
C2
R-OSCI
EM78P468N
OSCO
Xin
EM78P468N
Xout
XTAL
Rs
XTAL
Rs
Fig. 6-8 Circuit for Crystal/Resonator
Table 5 Capacitor Selection Guide for Crystal Oscillator or Ceramic Resonators
Oscillator Source
Oscillator Type
Frequency
455 kHz
2.0 MHz
4.0MHz
C1 (pF)
100~150
20~40
10~30
20~40
15~30
15
C2 (pF)
100~150
20~40
10~30
20~150
15~30
15
Ceramic Resonators
Main oscillator
455kHz
1.0MHz
Crystal Oscillator
Crystal Oscillator
2.0MHz
4.0MHz
15
15
Sub-oscillator
32.768kHz
25
25
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.6.4
RC Oscillator Mode with Internal Capacitor
If both precision and cost are taken into consideration, this LSI also offers a special
oscillation mode, which has an on-chip internal capacitor and an external resistor
connected to VDD. The internal capacitor functions as temperature compensator. In
order to obtain more accurate frequency, a precise resistor is recommended.
VDD
Rext
R-OSCI or Xin
EM78P468N
Fig. 6-9 Circuit for Internal C Oscillator Mode
Table 6 RC Oscillator Frequencies
Pin
R-OSCI
Xin
Rext
Average Fosc 5V, 25°C Average Fosc 3V, 25°C
51k
2.2221 MHz
1.1345 MHz
381.36kHz
32.768kHz
2.1972 MHz
1.1203 MHz
374.77kHz
32.768kHz
100k
300k
2.2M
Note: Measured from QFP packages with frequency drift of about 30%.
Values are provided for design reference only.
6.7 Power-on Considerations
Any microcontroller (as with this LSI) is not warranted to start operating properly before
the power supply stabilizes in a steady state. This LSI has an on-chip Power-on Reset
(POR) with detection level range as shown on the table below. The circuitry eliminates
the extra external reset circuit but will work well only if the VDD rises quickly enough (50
ms or less). However, under critical applications, extra devices are still required to
assist in solving power-on problems.
Power-on voltage detector provided
IC
Voltage Range
1.9V to 2.1V
1.6V to 1.8V
EM78P468N
EM78P468L
32 •
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.7.1 External Power-on Reset Circuit
This circuit implements an external RC to produce a reset pulse (see Fig. 6-10). The
pulse width (time constant) should be kept long enough to allow VDD to reach minimum
operation voltage. This circuit is used when the power supply rise time is slow.
Because the current leakage from the /RESET pin is 5μA, it is recommended that R
should not be greater than 40K. In this way, the voltage at Pin /RESET is held below
0.2V. The diode (D) acts as a short circuit at power-down. The capacitor, C, is
discharged rapidly and fully. Rin, the current-limited resistor, prevents high current
discharge or ESD (electrostatic discharge) from flowing into Pin /RESET.
Fig. 6-10 External Power-on Reset Circuit
6.7.2 Residue-Voltage Protection
When battery is replaced, device power (VDD) is disconnected but residue-voltage
remains. The residue-voltage may trips below minimum VDD, but above zero. This
condition may cause poor power on reset. Fig. 6-11 and Fig. 6-12 show how to build a
residue-voltage protection circuit
Fig. 6-11 Residue Voltage Protection Circuit 1
Fig. 6-12 Residue Voltage Protection Circuit 2
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 33
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.8 Interrupt
This LSI has eight interrupt sources as listed below:
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
TCC overflow interrupt.
External interrupt P5.4/INT0 pin
External interrupt P5.5/INT1 pin
Counter 1 underflow interrupt
Counter 2 underflow interrupt
High-pulse width timer underflow interrupt
Low-pulse width timer underflow interrupt
Port 6, Port 8 input status change wake-up
This IC has internal interrupts which are falling edge triggered or as follows:
„
„
TCC timer overflow interrupt
Four 8-bits down counter/timer underflow interrupt
If these interrupt sources change signal from high to low, the RF register will generate a
“1” flag to the corresponding register if the IOCF0 register is enabled.
RF is the interrupt status register. It records the interrupt request in flag bit. IOCF0 is
the interrupt mask register. Global interrupt is enabled by ENI instruction and disabled
by DISI instruction. When one of the interrupts (when enabled) is generated, it will
cause the next instruction to be fetch from address 0003H~0018H according to
interrupt source.
With this LSI, each individual interrupt source has its own interrupt vector as depicted in
Table 3. Before the interrupt subroutine is executed, the contents of the ACC and the
R3 register are initially saved by the hardware. After the interrupt service routine is
completed, the ACC and R3 are restored. The existing interrupt service routine does
not allow other interrupt service routine to be executed. Hence, if other interrupts occur
while an existing interrupt service routine is being executed, the hardware will save the
later interrupts. Only after the existing interrupt service routine is completed that the
next interrupt service routine is executed.
Interrupt
Interrupt Source
ENI / DISI
ACC
R3
STACKACC
STACKR3
Occurs
RETI
Fig. 6-13 Interrupt Back-up Diagram
34 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Table 3 Interrupt Vector
Interrupt Vector
0003H
Interrupt Status
TCC overflow interrupt.
0006H
External interrupt P5.4/INT0 pin
0009H
External interrupt P5.5/INT1 pin
000CH
Counter 1 underflow interrupt
000FH
Counter 2 underflow interrupt
0012H
High-pulse width timer underflow interrupt
Low-pulse width timer underflow interrupt
Port 6, Port 8 input status change wake up
0015H
0018H
6.9 LCD Driver
This LSI can drive an LCD of up to 32 segments and 4 commons that can drive a total
of 4×32 dots. The LCD block is made up of an LCD driver, display RAM, segment
output pins, common output pins, and LCD operating power supply pins. This circuit
works on normal mode, green mode and idle mode. The LCD duty; bias; the number of
segment; the number of common and frame frequency are determined by the LCD
controller register.
The basic structure contains a timing control that uses a subsystem clock to generate
the proper timing for different duty and display accesses. The R9 register is a
command register for the LCD driver which includes LCD enable/disable, bias (1/2 and
1/3), duty (1/2, 1/3, 1/4), and LCD frame frequency control. The register RA is an LCD
contrast and LCD RAM address control register. The register RB is an LCD RAM data
buffer. LCD booster circuit can change the operation frequency to improve VLCD2 and
VLCD3 drive capability. The control register is described as follows.
6.9.1 R9/LCDCR (LCD Control Register)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
BS
DS1
DS0
LCDEN
LCDTYPE
LCDF1
LCDF0
−
Bit 7 (BS): LCD bias select bit, 0/1=> (1/2 bias) / (1/3 bias)
Bits 6 ~ 5 (DS1 ~ DS0): LCD duty select
DS1
DS0
LCD Duty
1/2 duty
1/3 duty
1/4 duty
0
0
1
0
1
×
Bit 4 (LCDEN): LCD enable bit
“0”: disable the LCD circuit
“1”: enable the LCD circuit
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
When the LCD function is disabled, all common/segment output is set to ground (GND)
level
Bit 3: Not used
Bit 2 (LCDTYPE): LCD drive waveform type select bit
LCDTYPE = “0”: “A” type waveform
LCDTYPE = “1”: “B” type waveform
Bits 1 ~ 0 (LCDF1 ~ LCDF0): LCD frame frequency control bits
LCD Frame Frequency (e.g. Fs=32.768kHz)
LCDF1
LCDF0
1/2 Duty
1/3 Duty
1/4 Duty
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Fs/(256×2)=64.0
Fs/(280×2)=58.5
Fs/(304×2)=53.9
Fs/(232×2)=70.6
Fs/(172×3)=63.5
Fs/(188×3)=58.0
Fs/(204×3)=53.5
Fs/(156×3)=70.0
Fs/(128×4)=64.0
Fs/(140×4)=58.5
Fs/(152×4)=53.9
Fs/(116×4)=70.6
Note: Fs: sub-oscillator frequency
6.9.2 RA/LCD_ADDR (LCD Address)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0
0
0
LCD_A4
LCD_A3
LCD_A2
LCD_A1
LCD_A0
Bits 7 ~ 5: Not used, fixed to “0”
Bits 4 ~ 0 (LCDA4 ~ LCDA0): LCD RAM address
RB (LCD Data Buffer)
RA
Segment
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
(LCD Address)
Bits 7 ~4
(LCD_D3) (LCD_D2) (LCD_D1) (LCD_D0)
00H
01H
SEG0
SEG1
SEG2
|
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
02H
|
|
1DH
1EH
SEG29
SEG30
SEG31
−
−
−
X
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
1FH
Common
COM3
COM2
COM1
COM0
6.9.3 RB/LCD_DB (LCD Data Buffer)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
LCD_D 3 LCD_D 2 LCD_D 1 LCD_D 0
−
−
−
−
Bits 7 ~ 4: Not used
Bit 3 ~ 0 (LCD_D3 ~ LCD_D0): LCD RAM data transfer registers
36 •
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.9.4 RD/SBPCR (System, Booster and PLL Control Registers)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
CLK2
CLK1
CLK0
IDLE
BF1
BF0
CPUS
−
Bit 2 ~ 1 (BF1 ~ 0): LCD booster frequency select bits
BF1
0
BF0
0
Booster Frequency
Fs
0
1
Fs/4
Fs/8
Fs/16
1
0
1
1
The initial setting flowchart for LCD function
IC RESET occur
*Set Port 7 snd Port 8 for general I/O or LCD segment (IOC50)
*it must be set to output port w hen the pin of port 7 and the pin of port 8 for LCD
segemnt (IOC70 and IOC80)
Set LCD Type, duty, bias, LCD frame frequency (R9)
Set LCD Booster Frequency (RD)
Clear all LCD RAM (RA and RB)
Enable LCD function (R9)
Use LCD address and LCD data buffer to implment user's applications. (RA and RB)
END
Fig.6-14 The Initial Setting Flowchart for LCD Function
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Boosting circuits connection for LCD voltage
VDD
VLCD2(2*VDD/3)
VA
VLCD3(1*VDD/3)
VB
GND
External circuit for 1/3 Bias
VDD
VLCD2(VDD/2)
VA
VLCD3(VDD/2)
VB
GND
External circuit for 1/2 Bias
Fig. 6-15 Charge Bump Circuit Connection (Cext=0.1μf )
38 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
1frame
1frame
VDD
VDD
COM0
COM1
SEG N
VLCD2,3
GND
COM0
COM1
SEG N
VLCD2,3
GND
VDD
VDD
VLCD2,3
GND
VLCD2,3
GND
VDD
VDD
VLCD2,3
GND
VLCD2,3
GND
VDD
VDD
VLCD2,3
GND
VLCD2,3
GND
SEG N- COM0
ON
SEG N- COM0
ON
-VLCD2,3
-VDD
-VLCD2,3
-VDD
VDD
VDD
VLCD2,3
GND
VLCD2,3
GND
SEG N- COM1
OFF
SEG N- COM1
OFF
-VLCD2,3
-VDD
-VLCD2,3
-VDD
1/2 bias, 1/2 duty
1/2 bias, 1/2 duty
B type
A type
Fig. 6-16 LCD Waveform for 1/2 Bias, 1/2 Duty
1frame
1frame
VDD
VDD
COM0
COM1
COM2
SEG N
VLCD2,3
GND
COM0
COM1
COM2
SEG N
VLCD2,3
GND
VDD
VDD
VLCD2,3
GND
VLCD2,3
GND
VDD
VDD
VLCD2,3
GND
VLCD2,3
GND
VDD
VDD
VLCD2,3
GND
VLCD2,3
GND
VDD
VDD
VLCD2,3
GND
VLCD2,3
GND
SEG N- COM0
ON
SEG N- COM0
ON
-VLCD2,3
-VDD
-VLCD2,3
-VDD
VDD
VDD
VLCD2,3
GND
VLCD2,3
GND
SEG N- COM1
OFF
SEG N- COM1
OFF
-VLCD2,3
-VDD
-VLCD2,3
-VDD
1/2 bias, 1/3 duty
B type
1/2 bias, 1/3 duty
A type
Fig. 6-17 LCD Waveform for 1/2 Bias, 1/3 Duty
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
1frame
1frame
VDD
VDD
VLCD2
VLCD3
GND
VLCD2
VLCD3
GND
COM0
COM 0
VDD
VDD
VLCD2
VLCD3
GND
VLCD2
VLCD3
GND
COM1
COM2
COM 1
COM 2
VDD
VDD
VLCD2
VLCD3
GND
VLCD2
VLCD3
GND
VDD
VDD
VLCD2
VLCD3
GND
VLCD2
VLCD3
GND
SEG N
SEG N
VDD
VDD
SEG N- COM0
ON
VLCD3
GND
SEG N- COM0
ON
VLCD3
GND
-VLCD3
-VDD
-VLCD3
-VDD
VDD
VDD
SEG N- COM1
OFF
VLCD3
GND
SEG N- COM1
OFF
VLCD3
GND
-VLCD3
-VDD
-VLCD3
-VDD
1/3 bias, 1/3 duty
B type
1/3 bias, 1/3 duty
A type
Fig. 6-18 LCD Waveform for 1/3 Bias, 1/3 Duty
1frame
1frame
VDD
VDD
VLCD2
COM0
VLCD3
VLCD2
VLCD3
GND
COM0
GND
VDD
VDD
VLCD2
COM1
VLCD3
VLCD2
VLCD3
GND
COM1
COM2
GND
VDD
VDD
VLCD2
VLCD3
GND
COM2
VLCD2
VLCD3
GND
VDD
VDD
VLCD2
VLCD3
GND
VLCD2
VLCD3
GND
SEG N
SEG N
VDD
VDD
SEG N-
COM0
SEG N-
COM0
VLCD3
GND
VLCD3
GND
ON
ON
-VLCD3
-VDD
-VLCD3
-VDD
VDD
VDD
SEG N-
COM1
SEG N-
COM1
VLCD3
GND
VLCD3
GND
OFF
OFF
-VLCD3
-VDD
-VLCD3
-VDD
1/3 bias, 1/4 duty
A type
1/3 bias, 1/4 duty
B type
Fig. 6-19 LCD Waveform for 1/3 Bias, 1/4 Duty
40 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.10 Infrared Remote Control Application/PWM Waveform Generate
This LSI can output infrared carrier in user-friendly or in PWM standard waveform. The IR
and PWM waveform generated functions include an 8-bit down count timer/counter,
high-pulse width timer, low-pulse width timer, and IR control register. The IR system block
diagram is shown in Fig. 6-20. The IROUT pin waveform is determined by IR control
register (RE), IOC90 (Counters 1 and 2 control register), IOCA0 (high-pulse width timer,
low-pulse width timer control register), IOCC0 (Counter 2 preset), IOCD0 (high-pulse width
timer preset register), and IOCE0 (low-pulse width timer preset register). Details on
Fcarrier, high-pulse time, and low pulse time are explained as follows:
If Counter 2 clock source is FT (this clock source can be set by IOC91), then
FT
Fcarrier
=
2 × (1 + decimal of Counter
If the high-pulse width timer clock source is FT (this clock source can be set by IOCA1), then
prescaler × (1 + decimal of high pulse width timer value (IOCD 0))
FT
2
preset value (IOCC 0)) × prescaler
Thigh
=
pulse time
If the low-pulse width timer clock source is FT (this clock source can be set by IOCA1);
prescaler × (1 + decimal of low pulse width timer value (IOCE 0))
Tlow
=
pulse time
FT
Pre-scaler
(IOCA1)
High-Pulse Width Timer
(IOCD0)
Low -Pulse Width Timer
( IOCE0)
Fs Fm
8
8
Auto-reloadbuffer
Auto-reloadbuffer
Pre-scaler
(IOC A1)
8
8
Pre-scaler
(IOC91)
8 bit dow n counter
8
8 bit dow n counter
8
Fcarrier
8 bit dow n counter
H/W Modulator Circuit
IROUTpin
8
Auto-reloadbuffer
8
HF
LGP
IRE
REregister
Counter 2
(IOCC0)
Fm: main oscillator frequency Fs: sub-oscillator frequency
Fig. 6-20 IR/PWM System Block Diagram
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
The IROUT output waveform is further explained in the following figures:
Fig. 6-21 LGP=0, HF=1, the IROUT waveform can modulate Fcarrier waveform when
in low-pulse width time.
Fig. 6-22 LGP=0, HF=0, the IROUT waveform cannot modulate Fcarrier waveform
when in low-pulse width time. So IROUT waveform is determined by
high-pulse time and low-pulse time. This mode can produce standard PWM
waveform.
Fig. 6-23 LGP=0, HF=1, the IROUT waveform can modulate Fcarrier waveform when
in low-pulse width time. When IRE goes from high to low, the output
waveform of IROUT will keep on transmitting until high-pulse width timer
interrupt occurs.
Fig. 6-24 LGP=0, HF=0, the IROUT waveform can not modulate Fcarrier waveform
when in low-pulse width time. So IROUT waveform is determined by
high-pulse time and low-pulse time. This mode can produce standard PWM
waveform. When IRE goes from high to low, the output waveform of IROUT
will keep on transmitting till high-pulse width timer interrupt occurs.
Fig.6-25 LGP=1, when this bit is set to high level, the high-pulse width timer is
ignored. So IROUT waveform output from low-pulse width timer is
established.
Fcarrier
high-pulse width
low-pulse width
high-pulse width
low-pulse width
HF
IRE
start
IROUT
Fig. 6-21 LGP=0, IROUT Pin Output Waveform
Fcarrier
high-pulse width
low-pulse width
high-pulse width
low-pulse width
HF
IRE
start
IROUT
Fig. 6-22 LGP=0, IROUT Pin Output Waveform
42 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Fcarrier
high-pulse width
low-pulse width
low-pulse width
low-pulse width
high-pulse width
low-pulse width
HF
start
start
start
IR disable
IRE
IROUT
Always high-level
Fig. 6-23 LGP=0, IROUT Pin Output Waveform
Fcarrier
high-pulse width
high-pulse width
low-pulse width
HF
IRE
IR disable
IROUT
Always high-level
Fig. 6-24 LGP=0, IROUT Pin Output Waveform
Fcarrier
high-pulse width
Low-pulse width
low-pulse width
HF
IR disable
IRE
IROUT
Always high-level
Fig. 6-25 LGP=1, IROUT Pin Output Waveform
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
IR/PWM Function Enable Flowchart
Start
Start
SET P5.7 to Output state (IOC 50)
SET P5.7 to Output state (IOC 50)
SET P5.7 for IR/PWM Function Output Pin (RE)
SET Counter 2 clock source and prescaler (IOC91)
SET P5.7 for IR/PWM Function Output Pin (RE)
SET High pulse width timer, Low pulse width timer
clock source and prescaler (IOCA1)
SET High pulse width timer, Low pulse width timer
clock source and prescaler (IOCA1)
(IOD0)
High pulse width timer
, Low pulse width timer
(IOCE0) preset value
(IOC0)
SET Counter 2
, High pulse width timer
(IOD0)
, Low pulse width timer (IOCE0)preset value
Enable IR (RE)
HF="0", and IRE="1"
(RE)
Enable IR
HF="1", and IRE="1"
Enable HPWT and LPWT Interrupt
Set IOCF0 and ENI instruction
Enable HPWT and LPWT Interrupt
Set IOCF0 and ENI instruction
Enable high pulse width timer and Low pulse width
Timer (RC)
Enable Counter 2, High pulse width timer and Low
pulse width timer (RC)
END
END
(a) IR application
(b) PWM application
Fig. 27 IR/PWM Function Enable Flowchart
44 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.11 Code Options
The EM78P468N/L has one Code Option word that is not a part of the normal program
memory. The option bits cannot be accessed during normal program execution.
Code Option Register and Customer ID Register arrangement distribution:
Word 1 of code options is for customer ID code application.
Word 1
Bit 12~Bit 0
Word 0 of Code Options is for IC function setting. The following are the settings for
OTP IC programming:
Word 0
Bits12~10 Bit 9 Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
PR2 PR1 PR0
1
CYES HLFS ENWDTB FSMD FMMD1 FMMD0 HLP
Bits 12 ~ 10: Not used.
These bits are set to “1” all the time.
Bit 9 (CYES): Cycle select for JMP and CALL instructions
CYES = “0”: only one instruction cycle (JMP or CALL) can be executed
CYES = “1”: two instructions cycles (JMP and CALL) can be executed
Bit 8 (HLFS): main or sub-oscillator select
HLFS = “0”: CPU is set to select sub-oscillator when reset occurs.
HLFS = “1”: CPU is set to select main-oscillator when reset occurs.
Bit 7 (ENWDTB): Watchdog timer enable/disable bit.
ENWDTB = “0”: Enable watchdog timer.
ENWDTB = “1”: Disable watchdog timer.
Bit 6 (FSMD): sub-oscillator type selection.
Bits 5, 4 (FMMD1, 0): Main Oscillator Type Selection
FSMD
FMMD1
FMMD0
Main Oscillator Type
Sub Oscillator Type
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
×
0
1
×
RC type
RC type
Crystal type
PLL type
RC type
RC type
RC type
Crystal type
Crystal type
Crystal type
Crystal type
PLL type
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Bit 3 (HLP): Power consumption selection. If the system usually runs in green mode, it
must be set to low power consumption to help support the energy saving issue. It is
recommended that low power consumption mode is selected.
HLP = “0”: Low power consumption mode
HLP = “1”: High power consumption mode
Bits 2~0 (PR2~PR0): Protect Bit
PR2~PR0 are protection bits. Each protect status is as follows:
PR2
0
PR1
0
PR0
0
Protect
Enable
Disable
1
1
1
6.12 Instruction Set
Each instruction in the instruction set is a 13-bit word divided into an OP code and one
or more operands. Normally, all instructions are executed within one single instruction
cycle (one instruction consists of 2 oscillator periods), unless the program counter is
changed by instruction "MOV R2,A", "ADD R2,A", or by instructions of arithmetic or
logic operation on R2 (e.g. "SUB R2,A", "BS(C) R2,6", "CLR R2", ⋅⋅⋅⋅). In this case, the
execution takes two instruction cycles.
If for some reasons, the specification of the instruction cycle is not suitable for certain
applications, try modifying the instruction as follows:
Execute within two instruction cycles the "JMP", "CALL", "RET", "RETL", & "RETI"
instructions, or the conditional skip instructions ("JBS", "JBC", "JZ", "JZA", "DJZ",
"DJZA") which were tested to be true. Also execute within two instruction cycles the
instructions that are written to the program counter.
Additionally, the instruction set offers the following features:
(1)Every bit of any register can be set, cleared, or tested directly.
(2) The I/O register can be regarded as general register. That is, the same instruction
can operate on I/O register.
46 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Convention:
R = Register designator that specifies which one of the registers (including operation and general purpose
registers) is to be utilized by the instruction.
b = Bit field designator that selects the value for the bit located in the register R and which affects the
operation.
k = 8 or 10-bit constant or literal value
Status
Affected
Binary Instruction
Hex Mnemonic
Operation
No Operation
Decimal Adjust A
A → CONT
0 → WDT, Stop
oscillator
0 → WDT
A → IOCR
Enable Interrupt
Disable Interrupt
[Top of Stack] → PC
[Top of Stack] → PC,
Enable Interrupt
IOCR → A
0
0
0
0000
0000
0000
0000 0000
0000 0001
0000 0010
0000 NOP
0001 DAA
0002 CONTW
None
C
None
0
0000
0000 0011
0003 SLEP
0004 WDTC
T, P
0
0
0
0
0
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000 0100
0000 rrrr
0001 0000
0001 0001
0001 0010
T, P
000r IOW
0010 ENI
0011 DISI
0012 RET
R
None 1
None
None
None
0
0000
0001 0011
0013 RETI
None
None 1
None
Z
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0000
0001 rrrr
01rr rrrr
1000 0000
11rr rrrr
00rr rrrr
01rr rrrr
10rr rrrr
11rr rrrr
00rr rrrr
01rr rrrr
10rr rrrr
11rr rrrr
00rr rrrr
01rr rrrr
10rr rrrr
11rr rrrr
00rr rrrr
01rr rrrr
10rr rrrr
11rr rrrr
00rr rrrr
01rr rrrr
10rr rrrr
11rr rrrr
001r IOR
R
0000
0000
0000
0001
0001
0001
0001
0010
0010
0010
0010
0011
0011
0011
0011
0100
0100
0100
0100
0101
0101
0101
0101
00rr
0080 CLRA
MOV
R, A A → R
0 → A
00rr
01rr
01rr
01rr
01rr
02rr
02rr
02rr
02rr
03rr
03rr
03rr
03rr
04rr
04rr
04rr
04rr
05rr
05rr
05rr
05rr
CLR
SUB
SUB
DECA
DEC
OR
R
0 → R
R-A → A
Z
A,
R
Z,C,DC
Z,C,DC
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
R, A R-A → R
R
R
A,
R-1 → A
R-1 → R
A ∨ R → A
R
OR
R, A A ∨ R → R
A, A & R → A
R, A A & R → R
A, A ⊕ R → A
R, A A ⊕ R → R
A, A + R → A
R, A A + R → R
A, R → A
R, R R → R
R
R
R
R
R
R
AND
AND
XOR
XOR
ADD
ADD
MOV
MOV
COMA
COM
INCA
INC
R
R
Z
Z
R
Z,C,DC
Z,C,DC
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
R
/R → A
/R → R
R+1 → A
R+1 → R
R-1 → A, skip if zero
R-1 → R, skip if zero
DJZA
DJZ
None
None
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Status
Affected
Binary Instruction
Hex Mnemonic
Operation
R(n) → A(n-1),
0
0
0
0
0
0110
0110
0110
0110
0111
00rr rrrr
01rr rrrr
10rr rrrr
11rr rrrr
00rr rrrr
06rr
06rr
06rr
06rr
07rr
RRCA
RRC
R
R
R
R
R
C
R(0) → C, C → A(7)
R(n) → R(n-1),
C
R(0) → C, C → R(7)
R(n) → A(n+1),
R(7) → C, C → A(0)
R(n) → R(n+1),
R(7) → (C), C → (R(0)
R(0-3) → ( A(4-7),
R(4-7) → ( A(0-3)
R(0-3) → ( R(4-7)
R+1 → A, skip if zero
R+1 → R, skip if zero
RLCA
RLC
C
C
SWAPA
None
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0111
0111
0111
100b
101b
110b
111b
01rr rrrr
10rr rrrr
11rr rrrr
bbrr rrrr
bbrr rrrr
bbrr rrrr
bbrr rrrr
07rr
07rr
07rr
0xxx BC
0xxx BS
0xxx JBC
0xxx JBS
SWAP
JZA
JZ
R
R
R
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
R, b 0→ ( R(b)
R, b 1→ ( R(b)
R, b if R(b)=0, skip
R, b if R(b)=1, skip
PC+1 → [SP],
1
00kk
kkkk kkkk
1kkk CALL
k
None
(Page, k) → (PC)
1
1
1
1
1
01kk
1000
1001
1010
1011
kkkk kkkk
kkkk kkkk
kkkk kkkk
kkkk kkkk
kkkk kkkk
1kkk JMP
18kk MOV
19kk OR
1Akk AND
1Bkk XOR
k
(Page, k) → (PC)
k → A
A v k → A
A & k → A
A ⊕ k → A
k → A, [Top of Stack] →
PC
None
None
Z
Z
Z
A,
A,
A,
A,
k
k
k
k
1
1100
kkkk kkkk
1Ckk RETL
k
None
1
1
1
1
1101
1111
1110
1110
kkkk kkkk
kkkk kkkk
1000 kkkk
1001 kkkk
1Dkk SUB
1Fkk ADD
1E8k PAGE
1E9k BANK
A,
A,
k
k
k
k-A → A
k+A → A
K->R5(6:4)
K->R4(7:6)
Z,C,DC
Z,C,DC
None
k
None
Note: 1 This instruction is applicable to IOC50~IOF0, IOC61~IOCE1.
48 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.13 Timing Diagram
AC Test Input/Output Waveform
2.4
0.4
2.0
0.8
2.0
0.8
TEST POINTS
AC Testing : Input is driven at 2.4V for logic "1",and 0.4V for logic "0".Timing measurements are
made at 2.0V for logic "1",and 0.8V for logic "0".
RESET Timing (CLK="0")
Instruction 1
Executed
NOP
CLK
/RESET
Tdrh
TCC Input Timing (CLKS="0")
Tins
CLK
TCC
Ttcc
Ttrf
Ttrr
90%
90%
Port (n+1)
10%
10%
Tiod
Port (n)
*n = 0 , 2 , 4 , 6
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
7 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Rating
Items
Symbol
Condition
Unit
Min.
Max.
+7.0
Supply voltage
VDD
VI
−
GND-0.3
GND-0.3
GND-0.3
-40
V
V
Input voltage
Port 5 ~ Port 8
VDD+0.3
VDD+0.3
85
Output voltage
VO
Port 5 ~ Port 8
V
Operation temperature
Storage temperature
Power consumption
Operating Frequency
TOPR
TSTG
PD
−
−
−
−
°C
°C
mW
Hz
-65
150
−
500
−
32.768K
10M
50 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
8 Electrical Characteristic
8.1 DC Electrical Characteristics
Ta= -40°C ~85 °C, VDD= 5.0V, GND= 0V
Symbol
FXT
Parameter
Crystal: VDD to 5V
Condition
Min.
Typ. Max. Unit
10M kHz
32.768 kHz
Two cycles with two clocks
Two cycles with two clocks
32.768 8M
Fs
Sub-oscillator
−
−
External R, Internal C for
Sub-oscillator
270
384
500 kHz
R: 300KΩ, internal capacitance
R: 2.2MΩ, internal capacitance
ERIC
External R, Internal C for
Sub-oscillator
22.9 32.768 42.6 kHz
IIL
Input Leakage Current for Input pins VIN = VDD, GND
-1
0
1
μA
Input High Threshold Voltage
Ports 5, 6, 7, 8
VIH1
2.4
V
−
−
(Schmitt Trigger)
Input High Threshold Voltage
Ports 5, 6, 7, 8
VIL1
0.8
−
V
V
V
V
V
−
2.4
−
−
−
−
−
−
(Schmitt Trigger)
Input High Threshold Voltage
/RESET
VIHT1
VILT1
VIHT2
VILT2
(Schmitt Trigger)
Input Low Threshold Voltage
/RESET
0.8
−
(Schmitt Trigger)
Input High Threshold Voltage
TCC, INT0, INT1
2.4
−
(Schmitt Trigger)
Input Low Threshold Voltage
TCC, INT0, INT1
0.8
(Schmitt Trigger)
IOH1
IOL1
Output High Voltage (Ports 5~8)
Output Low Voltage (Ports 5~8)
VOH = 2.4V, IROCS=”0”
-10
mA
mA
−
−
−
VOL = 0.4V, IROCS=”0”
10
−
Output high voltage
(P5.7/IROUT pin)
IOH1
IOL2
VOH = 2.4V, IROCS=”1”
-20
mA
mA
−
−
−
Output Low Voltage
(P5.7/IR OUT pin)
VOL = 0.4V, IROCS=”1”
20
−
IPH
IPL
Pull-high current
Pull-low current
Pull-high active, input pin at GND -55
-75
75
-95
95
μA
μA
Pull-low active, input pin at VDD
55
All input and I/O pins at VDD,
Output pin floating,
WDT disabled
ISB
Sleep mode current
Idle mode current
0.5
14
1.5
18
−
μA
/RESET= 'High', CPU OFF,
Sub-oscillator clock (32.768kHz)
ON, output pin floating,
ICC1
−
−
μA
LCD enabled, no load
/RESET= 'High', CPU ON,
Sub-oscillator clock (32.768kHz),
Output pin floating,
ICC2
Green mode current
22
30
μA
WDT enabled, LCD enabled
/RESET= 'High', Fosc=4MHz
(Crystal type, CLKS="0"),
Output pin floating
ICC3
ICC4
Normal mode
Normal mode
2.2
3.1
3
4
mA
mA
−
−
/RESET= 'High', Fosc=10MHz
(Crystal type, CLKS="0"),
Output pin floating
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Ta= -40°C ~85 °C, VDD= 3.0V, GND= 0V
Parameter
Symbol
FXT
Condition
Min.
Typ. Max. Unit
10M kHz
32.768 kHz
Crystal: VDD to 5V
Sub-oscillator
Two cycles with two clocks
Two cycles with two clocks
32.768 8M
Fs
−
−
External R, Internal C for
Sub-oscillator
270
384
500 kHz
R: 300KΩ, internal capacitance
R: 2.2MΩ, internal capacitance
ERIC
External R, Internal C for
Sub-oscillator
22.9 32.768 42.6 kHz
IIL
Input Leakage Current for Input pins VIN = VDD, GND
-1
0
1
μA
Input High Threshold Voltage
Ports 5, 6, 7, 8
VIH1
1.8
V
−
−
(Schmitt Trigger)
Input High Threshold Voltage
Ports 5, 6, 7, 8
VIL1
0.6
−
V
V
V
V
V
−
1.8
−
−
−
−
−
−
(Schmitt Trigger)
Input High Threshold Voltage
/RESET
VIHT1
VILT1
VIHT2
VILT2
(Schmitt Trigger)
Input Low Threshold Voltage
/RESET
0.6
−
(Schmitt Trigger)
Input High Threshold Voltage
TCC, INT0, INT1
1.8
−
(Schmitt Trigger)
Input Low Threshold Voltage
TCC, INT0, INT1
0.6
(Schmitt Trigger)
IOH1
IOL1
Output High Voltage (Ports 5~8)
Output Low Voltage (Ports 5~8)
VOH = 2.4V, IROCS=”0”
-1.8
mA
mA
−
−
−
VOL = 0.4V, IROCS=”0”
6
−
Output high voltage
(P5.7/IROUT pin)
IOH1
IOL2
VOH = 2.4V, IROCS=”1”
-3.5
mA
mA
−
−
−
Output Low Voltage
(P5.7/IR OUT pin)
VOL = 0.4V, IROCS=”1”
12
−
IPH
IPL
Pull-high current
Pull-low current
Pull-high active, input pin at GND -16
-23
23
-30
30
μA
μA
Pull-low active, input pin at VDD
16
All input and I/O pins at VDD,
Output pin floating,
WDT disabled
ISB
Sleep mode current
Idle mode current
0.1
4
1
8
−
μA
/RESET= 'High', CPU OFF,
Sub-oscillator clock (32.768kHz)
ON, output pin floating,
ICC1
−
μA
LCD enabled, no load
/RESET= 'High', CPU ON,
Sub-oscillator clock (32.768kHz),
Output pin floating,
ICC2
ICC3
Green mode current
Normal mode
10
20
−
−
μA
WDT enabled, LCD enabled
/RESET= 'High', Fosc=4MHz
(Crystal type, CLKS="0"),
Output pin floating
0.73
1.2
mA
52 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
8.2 AC Electrical Characteristics
Ta=- 40°C ~ 85 °C, VDD=5V 5%, GND=0V
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
−
Min
Typ
50
−
Max
55
DC
DC
−
Unit
%
Dclk
Input CLK duty cycle
45
Crystal type
RC type
−
100
ns
Instruction cycle time
(CLKS="0")
Tins
500
−
ns
Ttcc
Tdrh
TCC input period
(Tins+20)/N*
−
ns
Device reset hold time
/RESET pulse width
Watchdog timer period
Input pin setup time
Input pin hold time
Output pin delay time
Ta = 25°C
Ta = 25°C
Ta = 25°C
−
11.3
2000
11.3
−
16.2
−
21.6
−
ms
ns
Trst
Twdt
Tset
16.2
0
21.6
−
ms
ns
Thold
Tdelay
−
−
20
50
−
ns
Cload=20pF
−
−
ns
* N= selected prescaler ratio
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
8.3 Device Characteristic
The graphs provided in the following pages were derived based on a limited number
of samples and are shown here for reference only. The device characteristics
illustrated herein are not guaranteed for its accuracy. In some graphs, the data may
be out of the specified warranted operating range.
Vih/Vil (/RESET pins with schmitt inverter)
2.5
Vih Max. (-40 to +85
)
℃
℃
Vih Typ. (+25
)
℃
2
1.5
1
Vih Min. (-40 to +85
)
℃
℃
Vil Max. (-40 to +85
)
℃
℃
Vil Typ. (+25
)
0.5
0
℃
Vil Min. (-40 to +85
)
℃
℃
2
2.5
3
3.5
Vdd (Volt)
4
4.5
5
5.5
Fig. 8-1 Vih, Vil of /RESET Pin vs. VDD
Vih/Vil (Port 5, Port 6 All Input pins with schmitt trigger)
2.5
2
Vih Max. (-40 to +85
)
℃
℃
Vih Typ. (+25
)
℃
Vih Min. (-40 to +85
)
℃
℃
1.5
1
Vil Max. (-40 to +85
)
℃
℃
0.5
0
Vil Typ. (+25
)
℃
Vil Min. (-40 to +85
)
℃
℃
2
2.5
3
3.5
Vdd (Volt)
4
4.5
5
5.5
Fig. 8-2 Vih, Vil of Port 5 and Port 6 vs. VDD
54 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Vih/Vil (Port 7, Port 8 All Input pins with schmitt inverter)
2.5
2
Vih Max. (-40 to +85
)
℃
℃
Vih Typ. (+25
)
℃
Vih Min. (-40 to +85
)
℃
℃
1.5
1
Vil Max. (-40 to +85
)
℃
℃
Vil Typ. (+25
)
℃
0.5
0
Vil Min. (-40 to +85
)
℃
℃
2
2.5
3
3.5
Vdd (Volt)
4
4.5
5
5.5
Fig. 8-3 Vih, Vil of Port 7 and Port 8 vs. VDD
P5.7 Voh/Ioh (VDD=3V, IROCS="0")
0
P5.7 Voh/Ioh (VDD=5V, IROCS="0")
0
-2
-4
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
Min : +85
Typ : +25
℃
℃
Min : +85
℃
Typ : +25
℃
℃
-6
Max : -40
℃
Max : -40
-8
-10
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
0
1
2
3
4
5
Voh (Volt)
Voh (Volt)
Fig. 8-4 Port 5.7 Voh vs. Ioh, [ VDD=3V, 5V, IROCS (Bit 7 of IOC61) =” 0 ” ]
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
P5.7 Voh/Ioh (VDD=5V, IROCS="1")
P5.7 Voh/Ioh (VDD=3V, IROCS="1")
0
0
-2
-4
-10
-6
Min : +85
Typ : +25
℃
℃
-20
-30
-40
-50
Min : +85
Typ : +25
℃
-8
-10
-12
-14
-16
-18
℃
Max : -40
℃
Max : -40
℃
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
0
1
2
3
4
5
Voh (Volt)
Voh (Volt)
Fig. 8-5 Port 5.7 Voh vs. Ioh, [ VDD=3V, 5V, IROCS (Bit 7 of IOC61) =” 1 ” ]
P5.4~6, PORT 6~8 Voh/Ioh (VDD=3V)
P5.4~6, PORT 6~8 Voh/Ioh (VDD=5V)
0
0
-2
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
Min : +85
Typ : +25
℃
-4
-6
Min : +85
Typ : +25
℃
℃
℃
Max : -40
℃
Max : -40
℃
-8
-10
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
0
1
2
3
4
5
Voh (Volt)
Voh (Volt)
Fig. 8-6 Port 6, Port 7 and Port 8 Voh vs. Ioh [ VDD=3V, 5V ]
56 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
P5.7 Voh/Ioh (VDD=5V, IROCS="0")
P5.7 Voh/Ioh (VDD=3V, IROCS="0")
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
Max : -40
℃
Max : -40
℃
Typ : +25
℃
Typ : +25
℃
Min : +85
℃
Min : +85
℃
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
0
1
2
3
4
5
Voh (Volt)
Voh (Volt)
Fig. 8-7 Port 5.7 Vol vs. Iol, [ VDD=3V, 5V, IROCS (Bit 7 of IOC61) =” 0 ” ]
P5.7 Voh/Ioh (VDD=3V, IROCS="1")
P5.7 Voh/Ioh (VDD=5V, IROCS="1")
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
160
140
120
100
80
Max : -40
℃
Max : -40
℃
Typ : +25
℃
Typ : +25
℃
Min : +85
℃
Min : +85
℃
60
40
20
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Voh (Volt)
Voh (Volt)
Fig. 8-8 Port 5.7 Vol vs. Iol, [ VDD=3V, 5V, IROCS (Bit 7 of IOC61) =” 1 ” ]
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
P5.4~5.6, PORT 6, 7, 8 Voh/Ioh (VDD=5V)
P5.4~5.6, PORT 6, 7, 8 Voh/Ioh (VDD=3V)
90
40
Max : -40
℃
80
70
Max : -40
℃
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
Typ : +25
℃
60
50
Typ : +25
℃
40
Min : +85
℃
Min : +85
℃
30
20
10
0
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Voh (Volt)
Voh (Volt)
Fig. 8-9 Port 6, Port 7 and Port 8 Vol vs. Iol [ VDD=3V, 5V ]
Setup time from Power ON Reset
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2
3
4
5
6
VDD (Volt)
Fig. 8-10 WDT Time-out Period vs. VDD, with prescaler set to 1:1
58 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Typical RC OSC Frequency (R-OSCI Pin)
Typical RC OSC Frequency (Xin Pin)
2.4
2.1
1.8
1.5
1.2
0.9
0.6
0.3
0
35
34
33
32
31
30
R = 51 K
R = 2.2 M
R = 100 K
R = 300 K
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
VDD (Volt)
VDD (Volt)
Fig. 8-11 Typical ERIC OSC Frequency vs. VDD (Temperature at 25°C)
Fig. 8-12 Typical ERIC OSC Frequency vs. Temperature (R-OSCI Pin)
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Fig. 8-13 Typical ERIC OSC Frequency vs. Temperature (Xin Pin)
There are four conditions or modes for the Operating Current ICC1 to ICC4. These
conditions are as follows:
ISB (Sleep Mode): Fm and Fs is stop, all function are off.
ICC1 (Idle Mode): Fm Stop and Fs=32kHz, two clocks, CPU off, LCD enable and WDT
Enable.
ICC2 (Green Mode): Fm Stop and Fs=32kHz, two clocks, CPU running on Fs
frequency, LCD enable and WDT Enable
ICC3 (Normal Mode): Fm=4M Hz and Fs=32kHz, two clocks, CPU running on Fm
frequency, LCD enable and WDT Enable
60 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Typical ICC3 vs. Temerature
VDD=5V
2
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
0
VDD=3V
-40
-20
0
25
50
70
85
Temperature (
)
℃
Fig. 8-14 Typical Power Consumption on Normal Mode Operation (Fm=4MHz)
Maximum ICC3 vs. Temerature
2.8
2.4
2
VDD=5V
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
0
VDD=3V
-40
-20
0
25
Temperature (
50
)
70
85
℃
Fig. 8-15 Maximum Power Consumption on Normal Mode Operation (Fm=4MHz)
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Typical
ICC2 vs. Temerature
30
25
20
15
10
5
VDD=5V
VDD=3V
0
-40
-20
0
25
50
70
85
Temperature (
)
℃
Fig. 8-16 Typical Power Consumption on Green Mode Operation
Maximum ICC2 vs. Temerature
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
VDD=5V
VDD=3V
0
-40
-20
0
25
50
70
85
Temperature (
)
℃
Fig. 8-17 Maximum Power Consumption on Green Mode Operation
62 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Typical ICC1 vs. Temerature
VDD=5V
20
15
10
5
VDD=3V
0
-40
-20
0
25
50
70
85
Temperature (
)
℃
Fig. 8-18 Typical Power Consumption on Idle Mode Operation
Maximum ICC1 vs. Temerature
25
20
15
10
5
VDD=5V
VDD=3V
0
-40
-20
0
25
50
70
85
Temperature (
)
℃
Fig. 8-19 Maximum Power Consumption on Idle Mode Operation
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Typical ISB vs. Temerature
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
VDD=5V
VDD=3V
0
-40
-20
0
25
50
70
85
Temperature (
)
℃
Fig. 8-20 Typical Power Consumption on Sleep Mode Operation
Maximun ISB vs. Temerature
1.2
0.9
0.6
0.3
0
VDD=5V
VDD=3V
-40
-20
0
25
50
70
85
Temperature (
)
℃
Fig. 8-21 Maximum Power Consumption on Sleep Mode Operation
64 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Fig. 8-22 Operating Voltage under Temperature Range of 0°C to 70°C
Fig. 8-23 Operating Voltage under Temperature Range of -40°C to +85°C
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
9 Application Circuit
COM0
|
LCD PANEL
COM3
VDD
SEG0
|
SEG31
IROUT
P6.7
P6.6
P6.5
P6.4
P6.3
P6.2
P6.1
P6.0
1
5
2
6
3
7
4
8
9
A
E
B
F
C
G
D
Fig. 9-1 IROUT Control External BJT Circuit to Drive Infrared Emitting Diodes
COM0
|
LCD PANEL
COM3
VDD
SEG0
|
SEG31
IROUT
P6.7
P6.6
P6.5
P6.4
P6.3
P6.2
P6.1
P6.0
1
5
2
6
3
7
4
8
9
A
E
B
F
C
G
D
Fig. 9-2 IROUT Direct Drive Infrared Emitting Diodes
66 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
APPENDIX
A Package Type
Name
Package Type
Dice
Pin Count
Package Size
−
EM78P468LH
59
64
64
64
64
44
44
44
44
EM78P468NQ
QFP
14 mm × 20 mm
14 mm × 20 mm
7 mm × 7 mm
7 mm × 7 mm
10 mm × 10 mm
10 mm × 10 mm
10 mm × 10 mm
10 mm × 10 mm
EM78P468NQS/NQJ
EM78P468NAQ
QFP
LQFP
LQFP
LQFP
LQFP
QFP
EM78P468NAQS/NAQJ
EM78P468NBQ
EM78P468NBQS/NBQJ
EM78P468NCQ
EM78P468NCQS/NCQJ
QFP
Note: Green products do not contain hazardous substances.
These are compatible with the third edition of Sony SS-00259 standard.
The Pb content should be less than 100ppm, and should meet Sony specifications or
requirements.
Part No.
Electroplate type
EM78P468NxS/xJ
Pure Tin
Sn:100%
232°C
Ingredient (%)
Melting point (°C)
Electrical resistivity (μΩ-cm)
Hardness (hv)
11.4
8~10
Elongation (%)
>50%
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
B Package Information
QFP – 64
Symbal
Min
Normal
Max
3.40
A
A1
A2
D
一
0.25
2.55
一
一
2.72
一
3.05
A1
25.00 BASIC
20.00 BASIC
19.00 BASIC
14.00 BASIC
D1
E
E1
θ
c
0°
0.11
1.15
7°
0.23
1.45
3. 5
0.15
L
1.3
2.50 REF
L1
b
0.35
0.50
0. 4
1.00 BSC
e
TITLE:
QFP-64 L(14*20 MM) FOOTPRINT 5.0mm
PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSION
File :
QFP 64L
Edtion:
A
Unit : mm
Scale: Free
Material:
Sheet:1 of 1
68 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
LQFP – 64
DETAIL " A "
D
Symbal
A
A1
A2
D
D1
E
E1
e
c
c1
b
b1
L
L1
Min
-
Normal
-
Max
1.60
0.15
1.45
9.10
7.10
9.10
7.100
D1
0.05
1.35
8.90
6.90
8.90
6.900
-
1.40
9.00
7.00
9.00
7.00
0.4 BSC
-
L
L1
0.09
0.09
0.13
0.13
0.45
0.20
0.16
0.23
0.19
0.75
-
0.18
0.16
0.60
1.00 REF.
3.5°
64
0°
7°
1
θ
e
b
TITLE:
LQFP 64L ( 7*7 MM ) FOOTPRINT 2.0 mm
PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSION
A1
File :
Edtion: A
DETAIL " B "
LQFP64L
Unit : mm
Scal e: Free
c1
c
b
Material:
b1
Sheet:1 of 1
LQFP – 44
Symbal Min
Normal
Max
A
A1
A2
b
c
E1
E
L
L1
e
1.600
0.150
1.450
0.450
0.200
0.050
1.350
0.300
0.090
1.400
0.370
12.00 BASIC
10.00 BASIC
c
0.450
0
0.600
0.750
7
1.0(BASIC)
0.8(BASIC)
θ
3.5
TITLE:
LQFP-44L(10*10 MM) FOOTPRINT 2.0mm
PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSION
File :
LQFP44
Edtion: A
Unit : mm
Scale: Free
Material:
Sheet:1 of 1
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
QFP – 44
Symbal Min
A
Normal
Max
2.70
0.50
2.20
A1
A2
0.15
1.80
2.00
b
c
0.30(TYP)
0.15(TYP)
E1
E
L
L1
13.00
9.90
0.73
1.50
13.20
10.00
0.88
13.40
10.10
1.03
c
1.60
1.70
e
0.80(TYP)
θ
TITLE:
QFP-44L(10*10 MM) FOOTPRINT 3.2mm
PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSION
File :
QFP44
Edtion: A
Unit : mm
Scale: Free
Material:
Sheet:1 of 1
70 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
C EM78P468N/L Program Pin List
DWRT is used to program the EM78P468N/L IC’s. The connector of DWTR are select
by CON4 (EM78P451), and the software is selected by EM78P468N/L.
L/QFP-64
L/QFP-44
Program Pin Name
IC Pin Name
Pin Number
Pin Number
VPP
ACLK
DINCLK
DATAIN
/PGMB
/OEB
/RESET
P54/INT0
P55/INT1
P56/TCC
P60
25
32
33
34
38
39
29
26
14
21
22
23
25
26
18
15
P61
VDD
VDD
GND
GND
Wiring diagram is for ELAN DWTR
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
D ICE 468XA
D.1 ICE 468XA Oscillator Circuit (JP 5)
Mode 1:
Main oscillator: Crystal mode, Sub oscillator: Crystal mode
Crystal
GND
GND
Xin
Xout
GND
GND
VDD
VDD
Xin
Suboscillator
Mainoscillator
JP5
R-OSCI OSCO
R-OSCI
Crystal
Mode 2:
Main oscillator: PLL mode, Sub oscillator: Crystal mode
Crystal
GND
GND
Xin
Xout
GND
GND
VDD
VDD
Xin
Suboscillator
JP5
R-OSCI OSCO
R-OSCI Mainoscillator
PLL
Mode 3:
Main oscillator: RC mode, Sub oscillator: Crystal
Crystal
GND
GND
Xin
Xout
GND
GND
VDD
Xin
Suboscillator
JP5
R-OSCI OSCO
VDD R-OSCI Mainoscillator
RC
72 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
Mode 4:
Main oscillator: Crystal mode, Sub oscillator: RC mode
RC
GND
GND
Xin
Xout
GND
GND
VDD
VDD
Xin
Suboscillator
Mainoscillator
JP5
R-OSCI OSCO
R-OSCI
Crystal
Mode 5:
Main oscillator: PLL mode, Sub oscillator: RC mode
RC
GND
GND
Xin
Xout
GND
GND
VDD
VDD
Xin
Suboscillator
Mainoscillator
JP5
R-OSCI OSCO
R-OSCI
PLL
Mode 6:
Main oscillator: RC mode, Sub oscillator: RC mode
RC
GND
GND
Xin
Xout
GND
GND
VDD
VDD
Xin
Suboscillator
Mainoscillator
JP5
R-OSCI OSCO
R-OSCI
RC
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
D.2 ICE 468XA Output Pin Assignment (JP 3)
2
1
4
3
6
5
8
7
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60
JP 3
9
11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59
74 •
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
E Quality Assurance and Reliability
Test Category
Test Conditions
Remarks
Solder temperature=245 5°C, for 5 seconds up to the
stopper using a rosin-type flux
Solderability
–
Step 1: TCT, 65°C (15mins)~150°C (15mins), 10 cycles
Step 2: Bake at 125°C, TD (endurance)=24 hrs
Step 3: Soak at 30°C/60%，TD (endurance)=192 hrs
Step 4: IR flow 3 cycles
For SMD IC (such as
SOP, QFP, SOJ, etc)
Pre-condition
(Pkg thickness ≥ 2.5mm or
Pkg volume ≥ 350mm3 ----225 5°C)
(Pkg thickness ≤ 2.5mm or
Pkg volume ≤ 350mm3 ----240 5°C)
Temperature cycle test -65°C (15mins)~150°C (15mins), 200 cycles
–
–
TA =121°C, RH=100%, pressure=2 atm,
Pressure cooker test
TD (endurance)= 96 hrs
High temperature /
TA=85°C , RH=85%，TD (endurance) = 168 , 500 hrs
High humidity test
–
–
High-temperature
TA=150°C, TD (endurance) = 500, 1000 hrs
storage life
High-temperature
operating life
TA=125°C, VCC = Max. operating voltage,
TD (endurance) = 168, 500, 1000 hrs
–
–
Latch-up
TA=25°C, VCC = Max. operating voltage, 150mA/20V
IP_ND,OP_ND,IO_ND
IP_NS,OP_NS,IO_NS
IP_PD,OP_PD,IO_PD
IP_PS,OP_PS,IO_PS
ESD (HBM)
TA=25°C, ≥∣± 3KV∣
ESD (MM)
TA=25°C, ≥ ∣± 300V∣
VDD-VSS(+),VDD_VSS
(-) Mode
E.1 Address Trap Detect
An address trap detect is one of the MCU embedded fail-safe functions that detects
MCU malfunction caused by noise or the like. Whenever the MCU attempts to fetch an
instruction from a certain section of ROM, an internal recovery circuit is auto started. If
a noise-caused address error is detected, the MCU will repeat execution of the
program until the noise is eliminated. The MCU will then continue to execute the next
program.
Product Specification (V1.5) 02.15.2007
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EM78P468N/EM78P468L
8-Bit Microcontroller
CONTENTS.............................................................................................................III
6.1 Operational Registers ············································································································ 6
6.2 Special Purpose Registers··································································································· 15
6.6.1
6.6.2
6.6.3
6.6.4
Oscillator Modes30
Phase Lock Loop (PLL Mode)30
Crystal Oscillator/Ceramic Resonators (Crystal)31
RC Oscillator Mode with Internal Capacitor32
6.7 Power-on Considerations····································································································· 32
6.7.1
6.7.2
External Power-on Reset Circuit33
Residue-Voltage Protection33
6.8 Interrupt································································································································ 34
6.9 LCD Driver···························································································································· 35
6.9.1
6.9.2
6.9.3
6.9.4
R9/LCDCR (LCD Control Register)35
RA/LCD_ADDR (LCD Address)36
RB/LCD_DB (LCD Data Buffer)36
RD/SBPCR (System, Booster and PLL Control Registers)37
6.10 Infrared RemoteControlApplication/PWMWaveformGenerate···················································· 41
6.11 Code Options ······················································································································· 45
6.12 Instruction Set ····················································································································· 46
6.13 Timing Diagram··················································································································· 49
7 Absolute Maximum Ratings ············································································ 50
8 Electrical Characteristic··················································································· 51
8.1 DC Electrical Characteristics································································································ 51
8.2 AC Electrical Characteristics································································································ 53
8.3 Device Characteristic ···········································································································54
9 Application Circuit···························································································· 66
A Package Type ··································································································· 67
B Package Information ························································································ 68
C EM78P468N/L Program Pin List ······································································ 71
D ICE 468XA ········································································································· 72
E Quality Assurance and Reliability··································································· 75
E.1 Address Trap Detect ············································································································75
76 •
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