Humminbird Fish Finder 400TX User Manual

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INSTALLATION PREPARATION

INSTALLATION OVERVIEW

Determining How to Mount the Transducer

Your Humminbird fishfinder includes a standard

transducer. This transducer can be mounted on the

transom of the boat or bonded to the inside of a fiberglass

hull boat.

The transom installation, which is the most widely used,

places the transducer on the outside of the boat hull. This

technique produces the least signal loss, and provides a

way to adjust the transducer after installation. The

mounting hardware included is designed to protect both

the boat and the transducer should the boat strike debris in

the water or when trailering.

As an alternative to transom mounting, it is possible on

many fiberglass-hulled boats to glue the transducer on

the inside of the boat hull. Since fiberglass has similar

sonar characteristics as water, the sonar signal can

pass through the boat hull with minimal loss. The hull

of the boat must be single layer construction (not

double-hulled) Also, any air trapped in the lamination

of the fiberglass would prevent the sonar signal from

passing through.

Inside the hull installations require no holes be drilled

into the boat and through experimentation, high-speed

operation comparable to transom mounting can be achieved. Two-part slow cure

epoxy (not included) is required to glue the transducer in place.

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INSTALLATION PREPARATION

ALTERNATE MOUNTING METHODS

ALTERNATE TRANSDUCERS AND MOUNTING METHODS

Your Humminbird fishfinder comes with everything necessary for installation and

operation on most boats. However, there are several situations which may

require a different type of transducer. Inboard boats, wood or metal hulls, and sail

boats create unique transducer mounting needs Alternate transducers and

mounting methods are detailed below.

Portable Mounting

The standard transducer can be adapted for portable

installations with a portable mounting kit available from

Humminbird. This accessory adapts your transducer to a

suction cup mount for temporary installation on the boat hull

or other surface.

Trolling Motor Mounting

The standard transducer can also be adapted to mount on

most trolling motors using a different accessory kit. This

accessory includes a bracket and hose clamp that allows

mounting the transducer to the body of most trolling motors.

Thru-Hull Mounting

Thru-hull transducers install through a hole drilled in the hull

of the boat. Larger boats or boats with inboard motors create

turbulence that make transom mounting ineffective. Also,

hulls that are very thick or are double layered, or made from

materials such as wood or metal, (which do not conduct

sonar signals) make inside the hull mounting inadvisable.

Thru-hull mounting may require the use of a fairing block to level the transducer

with the waterline. Also, since special tools and knowledge may be required to

perform this type of installation, it is best to refer to a qualified marine technician.

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INSTALLATION PREPARATION

TRANSDUCER EXCHANGE

Other transducers are available as replacements for the standard transducer.

You may exchange your new and unassembled transducer for another type by

returning it to the address listed in Customer Support. Some transducers may

have additional cost. Refer to the Accessory catalog or call Customer Support for

information.

BEGINNING INSTALLATION

Now that you have determined the transducer mounting method you can begin

installation of your new Humminbird fishfinder. The installation guide included on

the next few pages provides detailed step by step instructions for installation of

the control head and transducer. For transom mount transducer installations you

will need the mounting template included with your manual.

In addition to the parts included you need the following for installation and

operation:

A powered hand drill and various drill bits

Philips and flat-head screwdrivers

A ruler or measuring tape

Pen or pencil

12 volt power source (your boat’s battery)

A 1-amp fuse

A fuse holder (if you are wiring directly to the boat’s battery)

Silicone sealant (for sealing drilled holes)

2-part, slow-cure epoxy (for inside the hull transducer installations)

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INSTALLATION

TRANSOM INSTALLATION

Do not begin this transducer installation until you read the Installation

Preparation in the Operation Guide. This chapter contains information

critical to the correct installation of your transducer.

Due to the wide variety of boat hulls, only general instructions are

presented in the installation guide. Each boat hull represents a unique set

of requirements that should be evaluated prior to installation.

TRANSOM INSTALLATION

Step One - Determine Where to Mount the Transducer

Begin the transducer installation by determining where on the

transom to install the transducer. Consider the following to find

the best location:

It is very important to locate the transducer in an area which is

relatively free of turbulent water, As a boat moves through the

water, turbulence is generated by the weight of the boat, and

the thrust of the propeller(s). This turbulent water is normally

confined to areas immediately aft of ribs, strakes or rows of

rivets on the bottom of the boat, and in the immediate area of

the propeller(s) (Figure 1). On outboard or inboard/outboard

boats it is best to stay at least 15” (40cm) to the side of the

propeller(s).

If possible, viewing the transom of the boat while the boat is

moving will provide the best means of locating turbulence free

water. If maximum high-speed operation is a high priority, this

is the recommended method. If this is not possible, select a

location on the transom where the hull forward of this location

is smooth, flat, and free of protrusions or ribs.

The transducer when mounted should point straight down.

The design of the transducer will accommodate a wide range

of deadrises and remain ported straight down (Figure 2).

On boats with stepped hulls, it may be possible to mount the transducer on

the step. Never mount the transducer on the transom behind a step, as this

area of the transom will not be in contact with the water at high speed (Figure

3).

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INSTALLATION

TRANSOM INSTALLATION

If the propeller(s) is (are) forward of the transom, it may be impossible to find

an area clear from turbulence, and a different mounting technique or

transducer type should be considered.

Step Two - Drill the Mounting Holes

1. Remove the mounting template from the front of the Operations Manual.

2. Hold the template on the transom of the boat in the location where the

transducer will be installed (Figure 4). Align the template vertically, ensuring

the lower edge of the transom meets with the bottom corner

of the template.

3. Using a pencil or punch, mark the two mounting holes

shown on the template onto the transom. Do not mark or

drill any other holes at this time.

4. Using a 5/32” (4mm) bit drill the two holes to a depth of

approximately 1" (3cm). On fiberglass hulls, it is best to

start with a smaller bit and use progressively larger drill bits

to reduce the chance of chipping or flaking the outer

coating.

Step Three - Assemble the Transducer

1. Attach the Pivot to the transducer body as shown in Figure

5, using the #8 – 3/8” (9mm) long allen headed pivot screw,

the headed pin, the two flat washers, and the two toothed

lock washers.

Note: The toothed lock washers must be positioned

between the transducer and the pivot ears. The flat

washers must be positioned to the outside at the pivot

ears.

2. Using the AIlen wrenches provided, loosely tighten the pivot

screw (Figure 6). Do not completely tighten the assembly at

this time, so the pivot angle can be adjusted later.

3. Insert the pivot/transducer assembly into the mounting

bracket as shown in Figure 7. Do not snap the assembly

closed.

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INSTALLATION

TRANSOM INSTALLATION

Step Four - Mount the Transducer to the Transom

1. Apply silicone sealant to the mounting holes drilled into the transom.

2. Align the transducer assembly with the drilled holes in the transom (Figure 8).

3. Use either a flat head screwdriver, a 5/16" (8mm) hex driver, or a 5/16" (8mm)

socket to mount the assembly. Using the two #10 – 1”

(25mm) long slotted hex head screws, mount the transducer

assembly to the transom as shown. Do not fully tighten the

mounting screws in order to vertically adjust the transducer.

Snap the pivot down into place.

Step Five - Adjust the Running Position of the Transducer

The bracket allows height and tilt adjustment, the pivot screws

allow angular adjustment. Initially, adjust the transducer as

described in the following paragraphs. Further adjustment may

be necessary to refine the instillation after high speed testing.

1. First adjust the pivot angle of the transducer body so its

length is parallel with the length of hull of the boat. Then

pivot the transducer down so the rear is about 1/4 inch

(6mm) lower than the front (Figure 9).

2. Fully tighten the two pivot screws using the Allen wrenches.

It may be necessary to retighten the pivot screws after the

initial use as the plastics may still be seating to the lock

washers.

3. Adjust the height of the assembly so the face of the

transducer is 3/16" (4.5mm) beneath the lower edge of the

transom (Figure 10). Mark the position of the mounting

bracket on the transom with a pencil.

4. Force the pivot to the up position to gain access to the

mounting screws. Assure the transducer location has not

changed, then fully tighten the two mounting screws (Figure

11). Snap the pivot back down.

Confirm the pivot angle has not changed.

Note: A third screw location is provided for the

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mounting bracket. Drill this hole and install the screw after final testing and

adjustments have been completed.

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INSTALLATION

TRANSOM INSTALLATION

Step Six - Route the Cable

There are several ways to route the transducer cable to the to the area where the

control head will be installed. The most common procedure routes the cable

through the transom into the boat.

Inside the boat there is often a channel or conduit used for other

wiring that the cable can be routed along. Do not cut or shorten

the transducer cable and try not to damage the cable insulation.

Route the cable as far as practical from the VHF radio antenna

cables or tachometer cable to reduce the possibility of

interference.

If the cable is too short, extension cables are available to extend

the transducer cable up to a total of 50' (15 m). Call Humminbird

Customer Support for more information.

Follow these steps to route the cable through the transom:

1. Drill a 5/8” (16mm) hole above the water line. Route the

cable through the hole.

2. Fill the hole with silicone sealant.

3. Place the escutcheon plate over the hole and attach with the two #8 x 5/8”

(16mm) screws.

4. Secure the cable by attaching the cable camp to the transom using a #8 x

5/8” (16mm) screw.

Note: The transducer will pivot up to 90 degrees in the bracket. Allow

enough slack in the cable for this movement. It is best to route the cable to

the side of the transducer so the cable will not be damaged by the

transducer during movement.

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INSTALLATION

INSIDE THE HULL INSTALLATION

Inside the hull installation requires the mount system and control

head be installed and operational. See Installing the Control Head

for instruction on installing the unit.

Inside the hull mounting generally produces good results in single

thickness fiberglass-hulled boats. Humminbird cannot guarantee

depth performance when transmitting and receiving through the

hull of the boat since some signal loss occurs. The amount of loss

depends on hull construction and thickness, and the installation.

This installation requires slow-cure two-part epoxy. Do not use

silicone or any other soft adhesive to install the transducer, as this

material reduces the sensitivity of the unit. Five minute epoxy has

a tendency to cure before all the air bubbles can be purged.

Step One - Determine the Mounting Location

Begin the transducer installation by determining where inside the

hull to install the transducer. Consider the following to find the

best location:

Observe the outside of the boat hull to find the areas that are

mostly free from turbulent water. Avoid ribs, strakes, and other

protrusions as these create turbulence (Figure 14).

As a general rule, the faster the boat can travel the further aft

and closer to the centerline of the hull the transducer has to be

located to remain in contact with the water at high speeds.

Step Two - Test the Mounting Location

There is no opportunity for adjustment after the transducer glued

in place. Therefore, it is best to perform a trial installation on inside the hull

transducers first, and run the boat at high speeds to determine the best mounting

area.

1. At the identified mounting location, lay the transducer body face down with

the pointed end towards the bow.

2. Fill the hull with enough water to submerge the transducer body. Use a sand

filled bag or other heavy object to hold the transducer in position.

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The transducer cannot transmit through air. The water purges any air from

between the transducer and the hull and fills any voids in the coarse

fiberglass surface.

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INSTALLATION

INSIDE THE HULL INSTALLATION

3. Power up the Control Head.

4. Run the boat at various speeds and water depths while observing the screen

on the Control Head. If the unit functions well at low speeds but begins to skip

or miss the bottom at higher speeds, the transducer needs to be moved. If

depth performance is required, test the fishfinder in water at the desired

depth. Test different locations in the hull until the optimum performance is

achieved.

Step Three - Permanently Mount the Transducer

1. Once the mounting location is determined, mark the position of the

transducer.

2. Remove the water from inside the hull and thoroughly dry the

mounting surface. If the surface is excessively rough, it may be

necessary to sand the area to provide a smooth mounting

surface.

Ensure the mounting area is clear and dry.

3. Mix an ample quantity of two-part slow-cure epoxy slowly and

thoroughly. Avoid trapping air bubbles.

4. Coat the face of the transducer and the inside of the hull (Figure

16).

5. Press the transducer into place with a slight twisting motion to

purge any trapped air from underneath, keeping the pointed end

of the transducer body pointed forward (Figure 17).

Note: Proper operation requires the pointed end of the

transducer body to face towards the bow.

6. Weight the transducer so it does not move while the epoxy is curing.

When the epoxy cures, no water is necessary inside the hull. Neither water,

spilled gasoline, or oil will affect the performance of the transducer.

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INSTALLATION

CONTROL HEAD INSTALLATION

Step One - Determine Where to Mount

Begin the installation by determining where to mount the control head. Consider

the following to determine best location:

The cables for power, transducer and temp/speed accessories (if applicable)

should be installed first and must reach the mounting location. Extension

cables are available.

There are two ways to route the cables to the unit: through a

hole in the mounting surface underneath the mounting bracket

or from a hole outside the mounting bracket. Routing the cables

down under the mount provides maximum weather protection;

however this is not always feasible if the area under the

fishfinder is inaccessible. In this case, route the cables through

a hole at another location and cover with the supplied hole

cover.

The mounting surface should be adequately supported to

protect the fishfinder from excessive wave shock and vibration,

and provide visibility while in operation.

The mounting area should allow sufficient room for the unit to

pivot and swivel freely, and for easy removal and installation

(Figures 18-19).

Step Two - Connect the Power Cable to the Boat

A 6’ (2m) long power cable is included to supply power to the

fishfinder. You may shorten or lengthen the cable using 18 gauge

multi-stranded copper wire.

CAUTION: Some boats have 24 or 36 volt electric systems. Be

sure your unit is connected to a 12 VDC power supply.

The Power can be connected to the boat's electrical system at two

places: a fuse panel, usually located near the console, or directly to the battery.

If a fuse terminal is available, use crimp-on type electrical connectors (not

included) that match the terminal on the fuse panel. Attach the black wire to

ground, and the red wire to 12 VDC power (Figure 20). Be sure to use a one amp

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fuse in the connection. If you must wire the control head directly to a battery, be

sure to install an inline fuse holder

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INSTALLATION

CONTROL HEAD INSTALLATION

and one amp fuse (not included) for the protection of the unit (Figure 21).

Humminbird is not responsible for over voltage or over current failures.

In order to minimize the potential for interference with other

marine electronics a separate power source (such as a

second battery) may be necessary.

Step Three - Drill the Mounting Holes

1. Set the mounting bracket in place on the mounting

surface. Mark the four mounting screw locations with a

pencil or punch.

2. Set the mounting bracket aside, and drill the four

mounting screw holes using a 9/64” (3.6mm) bit.

Step Four - Run the Cables

1. If the cables must pass through a hole underneath the

mounting surface, mark and drill a 1” (25mm) hole

centered between the four mounting holes (Figure 22).

Note: if the cables must pass through the mounting

surface at a different location, drill the 1" (25mm) hole at

that location and pass the cables through from

underneath. Also, you must break out the tabs on the

rear of the mounting base using needle nose pliers

(Figures 24-25).

2. Insert all cables through the 1” (25mm) hole from beneath

the mounting surface.

3. Pass the cables through the grommet (if the cable hole is

underneath the mounting bracket) then press the grommet

in place around the cables and into the 1” (25mm) hole.

4. Pass the cables through the mounting base, out the top of

the mounting bracket.

5. Place the mounting bracket on the mounting surface aligned with the drilled

holes. Insert the four flathead wood screws into the mounting holes and

tighten fully (Figure 23).

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Optional: If the cables pass outside the mounting bracket, install the hole

cover over the hole and fasten in place using the two #8 x 7/8” (22mm)

wood screws (Figure 24).

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INSTALLATION

CONTROL HEAD INSTALLATION

Step Five - Assembling the Connector Holder

1. Insert the cable connectors into the connector holder.

The cable connectors are labeled, and there are

corresponding labels on the connector holder (Figure

26). The slots for the connectors are keyed to prevent

reverse installation, so do not force the connector into

the holder.

2. Carefully pull the excess cable from beneath the -

mounting surface so the connector holder aligns with the

mounting holes on the front of the mounting bracket

(Figure 27).

3. Snap the support plate to the rear of the connector

holder (Figure 28).

4. Insert the connector holder into place and use the two

#6-32 x ¾” (9mm) screws to fasten it to the mounting

bracket (Figure 28).

5. Install the control head by sliding it onto the mounting

bracket until it is fully seated. To remove the unit simply

depress the latch on the rear of the unit and lift (Figure

29).

Your Humminbird is now ready for operation.

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INSTALLATION

TEST THE INSTALLATION

Testing should be performed with the boat in the water, however you can initially

confirm basic operation with the boat trailered.

Press POWER once to turn the unit on. There will be an audible chirp when any

button is pressed to confirm the button press. If the unit does not power-up,

ensure the unit is fully seated on the mount and that power is available.

The first screen provides four options: Start-up, Options, Simulator, and

Diagnostic. A message at the bottom of the screen indicates the transducer

connection. If no transducer is detected (or one is not connected), the message

will indicate this and the unit will go into simulator after the initial screen times

out.

Note: the transducer must be submerged in water for reliable transducer

detection.

If a transducer is detected, the unit will enter “Start Up” or normal operation

unless you choose another option. If you do not press any button before the timer

reaches “0”, the normal operation screen is displayed. If the boat is in water,

sonar data appears.

If the bottom is visible on screen with a digital depth readout, the unit is working

properly. Ensure the boat is in water greater than 2’ but less than the depth

capability of the unit and the transducer is fully submerged. Remember the sonar

signal cannot pass through air.

If the unit is working properly gradually increase the boat speed to test high-

speed performance. If the unit-functions well at low speeds but begins to skip or

miss the bottom at higher speeds, the transducer requires adjustment. Refer to

the appropriate transducer installation section for more detail.

Note: it is often necessary to make several incremental transducer

adjustments before optimum high-speed performance is achieved.

Important: For Transom Mount transducer installations, install the third mounting

screw after the final transducer adjustments.

Humminbird · 3 Humminbird Lane · Eufaula, Alabama 36027

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SIMULATOR OPERATION

The 400TX contains a simulator that allows you to use the unit as

if you are on the water. The simulator is invaluable for learning

how to operate the 400TX.

There are two ways to start the simulator. If the unit is powered off,

press and hold the POWER button for approximately three

seconds until you hear a continuous chirp.

The simulator can also be started by selecting the Simulator option on the start-up screen after

you power-up the unit. When this screen is shown, simply press the DOWN ARROW until

"Simulator" is highlighted. When the screen times out, the unit will be in simulator mode.

Once the Simulator mode is selected, the next screen will allow you to

select either "down" simulator or "side" simulator. The "down" selection

simulates normal operation of the unit with the Tri-beam transducer

connected. "Down" simulator is the default setting, so if no adjustment is

made, the down simulator will be selected. The "side" simulator simulates

operation with a Wide Side transducer connected. This is an excellent way

to see if you like the way the unit works using the optional Wide Side

transducer.

When in simulator operation, the 400TX responds to control inputs as if it is in actual operation,

so feel free to experiment, or to customize the unit for your particular operation.

To exit Simulator mode, power the unit off.

FEATURE MEMORY

If your 400TX is installed with a transducer connected, any changes you make to the set-up or

User Options (see Control Functions) while in Simulator are retained in the unit's memory. This

allows you to use simulator to experiment with the various set-up options, and retain your

selected settings for normal operation.

If you are using the 400TX in Simulator when no transducer is connected, any selected options

are lost when the unit is powered off. The 400TX will return to Factory Settings, or options

selected when last used with a transducer, if no transducer is connected.

IMPORTANT A transducer must be connected to the 400TX in order to retain user settings

selected when in simulator mode. If no transducer is detected, the unit defaults to pre-selected

options when powered off.

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What You See On-Screen

Your 400TX uses a 160 x 160 matrix FSTN LCD

display. This display provides outstanding viewability

in all light conditions over a wide range of

temperatures.

At initial power-up, the 400TX uses settings that were

set at the factory. After initial use, the 400TX will

remember the settings you enter.

There are several elements on-screen that are

common to all modes of operation.

Temperature/Speed. The initial screen layout takes one of two basic forms depending on whether

the optional Temp/Speed accessory is installed. Figure A shows the default view when the

Temp/Speed accessory is installed. Figure B shows the default view when the Temp/Speed

accessory is not installed.

Depth. The digital depth number shows the water

depth directly beneath the transducer location.

Depth Range. The depth range is shown to the right

of the screen. The upper number is 0 indicating the

surface of the water. The lower number is one of the

nine depth ranges available that best match the depth

of the water. As the depth of the water changes, the

range changes as necessary in order to retain a

bottom representation on-screen.

When in Auto mode, the horizontal line at the top of

the screen is the "zero line," representing the surface

of the water. Occasionally there is a gap in this line.

This gap indicates the unit is updating the display

even if the bottom is not visible on-screen, or if the

bottom information is not changing.

New sonar information appears on the right side of

the graphic area of the display and moves to the left

as new information is displayed. The 400TX

automatically selects the appropriate depth range to

show the depth of water beneath the transducer. This

range is selected so the bottom representation is

typically shown about 2/3 down the display.

Bottom. The graphic depiction of the bottom provides

the user with an effective tool for understanding the

composition of the bottom. The FSTN type display

uses 4 discrete levels of gray to indicate the intensity

of the returned sonar signal. The 400TX can display

even the smallest sonar returns with light gray pixels.

Larger returns are displayed with darker shades of

gray. If the bottom is hard and smooth, the bottom

depiction is narrow and dense. If the bottom is soft mud or sand, the depiction will be thick and

less dense. This indicates that much of the signal is absorbed by the soft bottom. If the bottom is

rocky or rugged in composition, the depiction is of varying density and textured in appearance.

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Wave action also affects the bottom depiction. The information drawn is a distance measurement,

so if the boat is moving up and down over flat bottom, the bottom depiction often appears in

regular variations that match wave timing.

Structure. Structure is defined as any object physically attached to the bottom. The sonar

configuration of the 400TX is optimized to give the most accurate depiction of bottom structure

possible. Grass, trees, stumps, wrecks or other debris are accurately displayed, however the

depiction of these objects varies with boat speed and direction. The best way to learn to interpret

structure is to operate the 400TX over a variety of known conditions and experiment with user

functions to best represent those conditions on-screen.

Surface Clutter. Surface clutter is the layer of water

near the surface that is rich in algae and other

growth, and often is aerated by wind or wave action.

This area of water interferes with sonar transmission

and often appears on-screen as regular clusters of

individual dots near the "0" line.

Thermoclines. Thermoclines are sharp differences in

water temperature. These are easily identified by the

continuous nature of the return.

Second Returns. When a sonar signal is reflected off

the bottom back to the transducer, there is often

enough energy left in the signal to be reflected off the surface of the water back to the bottom a

second time. Second returns appear as a slightly weaker bottom representation exactly twice the

depth of the primary bottom return. The second return is most likely to occur in shallow water and

in areas of relatively hard bottom.

Fish ID. The 400TX uses advanced signal

processing to further evaluate any sonar return

between the surface and the bottom. For instance,

a small school of bait fish usually appears as a

dense cluster of individual dots. If the return meets

certain additional criteria, a fish symbol will be

assigned. There are three different size fish

symbols used to indicate the intensity of the sonar

return. While signal intensity is a good indicator of

relative fish size, different species of fish have

different sonar characteristics, so it is not always

possible to distinguish fish size between varying

species. The signal intensity is "normalized" for

depth so that a small fish close to the boat does

not appear as a large fish symbol.

ID+ adds an additional piece of information to help the user locate fish. On selected fish symbols,

the digital depth of the designated fish is drawn to help locate the fish vertically. This is especially

helpful in setting bait depths or for downrigger operation.

The specific fish symbol indicates the type of sonar beam the fish is detected in. This gives you a

reliable indicator of side to side location relative to boat movement. Fish symbols which are

hollow are detected in the outside two beams. Hollow fish symbols facing to the right are in the

right beam and therefore are to the right side of the boat (as viewed from

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the driver seat facing forward). Hollow fish symbols facing to the left are detected in the left beam,

and thus the fish is to the left side of the boat. Solid fish symbols represent fish in the single

center beam, and these fish are directly under the boat

CONTROL FUNCTIONS

The 400TX uses a simple six button keypad for all user input. Press any button

and an audible "chirp" confirms the control input. If a button has no function or is

inappropriate for the situation, an audible "error" is heard. The unit sounds multiple

chirps.

Power. The Power button powers the 400TX up for normal operation. When the

unit is on, POWER turns the unit off. POWER can also be used to go directly into

Simulator mode. To enter simulator, with the unit powered off, press and hold

POWER for several seconds until a continuous chirp is heard.

Light. LIGHT controls the unit's display backlight. With the unit powered on, press

LIGHT once to turn the backlight on "low." Press LIGHT a second time to turn the

backlight on "medium," a third time to turn the backlight on "high", and a fourth

time to turn the backlight off. The backlight is very effective for low-light and nighttime operation.

When the backlight is on, the 400TX will consume more power than with the backlight off. This is

important when using the 400TX in a portable configuration powered by a separate battery, or

when powering the unit from a trolling motor battery.

When powering the unit from a battery such as in

portable applications, you can prolong the battery life

by using the backlight at a minimum.

The three lower buttons, MENU, UP ARROW, and

DOWN ARROW work together to control the 400TX

menu-controlled user functions.

View. VIEW selects one of several screen

configurations or "views" possible depending on the

transducer in use. When using the standard 2 (Tri-

beam) transducer, without the optional speed/temp

sensor connected, the VIEW button toggles the

display between the full-screen 2D View and the

Large Digital Readout View.

The 2D View is the default view, and the view which

is first seen at power-up. Pressing VIEW again will

select the Large Digital Readout View, which

increases the size of key digital information so that it

can be viewed from a great distance. Normal 2D

information is displayed on the right side of the

display. Pressing VIEW again will toggle the display

back to the 2D view.

When using the standard (Tri-beam) transducer, with

the optional speed/temp sensor connected, the

VIEW button toggles the display between the full-

screen 2D View, the Chart View and the Large

Digital Readout View.

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The Chart View, shows only the digital depth readout, leaving more screen area for fish location

and bottom depiction.

If a Wide Side transducer is being used (see Using Alternative Transducers), the VIEW button is

used to select one of four views available: Both, Left, Right, and Down. You can select "side"

simulator to view this presentation even if a Wide Side transducer is not connected.

Menu. MENU displays a menu on-screen for adjustment. In normal

operation, pressing MENU repeatedly cycles through all available

menus. A menu remains on-screen for several seconds, and can be

adjusted by using the ARROW keys. If no adjustment is made in the

allotted time, the menu disappears. If you want the menu to remain

on-screen longer press and hold MENU-the menu will remain on-

screen indefinitely. Once you release the menu button, the screen will

time out. Once a menu times out, it is still considered the active menu.

Press MENU to bring up the last menu used.

Arrow Keys. The UP ARROW and DOWN ARROW make adjustments to menu functions. On the

left side of every menu there are UP ARROW and DOWN ARROW

symbols. The symbols indicate which ARROW button has a function in a

particular situation. Either one or both ARROW buttons can be used to

adjust the menu function. A hollow ARROW symbol means the

corresponding ARROW button has no function. Pressing that button will

result in no adjustment and the "error" audible will be heard. A solid

ARROW symbol means the corresponding ARROW button can be used to affect the menu

adjustment.

The ARROW buttons often can be used when no menu is on-screen. In these situations, pressing

the ARROW button affects the function of the active (last-used) menu. This is a short-cut to menu

operation. An abbreviated menu appears on-screen while the adjustment is made and times out.

A frequently used menu can be adjusted very quickly using this technique.

After an adjustment is made to a menu function, the menu times out after a few seconds and the

unit returns to normal operation.

Menu Layout. All menus use the same basic layout. The heading at the top describes the menu

function. The UP ARROW and DOWN ARROW symbols to the left of the menu indicate which

buttons are available for adjustment. In menus that have several possible settings, a range of

adjustment indicator shows the total range available and the current setting.

Within the menu are the options available. The selected option or current setting is highlighted in

the black box. If no adjustment is made, this is the selected setting. Press an ARROW button

while the menu is displayed to select another option.

Several of the menus are multi-step. In some situations if an adjustment is made, additional

options become available for further adjustment. Examples of these multi-step menus are Depth

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Range, Depth Alarm and Zoom. See the detailed description of each function for further

explanation.

Menu Functions

Sensitivity. The Sensitivity function controls the sensitivity of the sonar

receiver. The 400TX automatically adjusts the level of receiver

sensitivity based on a number of factors including the depth of the

water and the level of noise present. Noise can be caused by other

electronic devices, engines, trolling motors, propeller cavitation and

hydrodynamic flow among others.

The user has the option of adjusting the Sensitivity higher or lower based on personal preference.

You can select one of 11 sensitivity settings from -5 to +5. A setting of 0 (factory setting) has no

effect on the automatic sensitivity control. Increasing the sensitivity (+1 through +5) enables the

unit to display the information from progressively smaller sonar returns. By decreasing the

sensitivity (-1 through -5), the unit effectively filters small sonar returns.

In murky or muddy water, it is often helpful to reduce the sensitivity. This prevents the display

from being cluttered with sonar returns from debris

or suspended particles. In very clear or very deep water, it may be helpful to increase the

sensitivity since even the smallest sonar return may be of interest to the user.

To adjust Sensitivity, press MENU repeatedly until

the Sensitivity heading is displayed. When the

Sensitivity menu appears, use the UP ARROW to

increase the sensitivity, or the DOWN ARROW to

reduce sensitivity. To sequence through the

available settings, press and hold either ARROW

button. Release the button at the setting you want to

select.

After an adjustment is made, the menu disappears

and the new sensitivity setting is in affect. If

additional time is needed to study a menu, press and

hold the MENU button and the menu will remain

onscreen indefinitely. If you need to make an

additional adjustment, press the UP ARROW or

DOWN ARROW button.

Depth Range. The Depth Range function controls the vertical

distance displayed on the graphic area of the display. There are nine

depth ranges available. The top of the range is always 0, or the

surface of the water. Ranges of 0-15', 0-30', 0-60', 0-120', 0-180', 0-

240', 0360', 0-480', and 0-600' are available. In the metric version,

ranges of 0-5, 0-10, 0-20, 0-40, 0-60, 0-80, 0-110, 0-150, and 0-185

meters are available. The range that positions the bottom depiction

closest to the bottom of the screen, will best utilize the available

display resolution.

The 400TX automatically adjusts the depth range depending on the

depth of the water. The unit tries to maintain the bottom depiction

about 2/3 down the total range (for example, in 20' (6m) of water, the

0-30' (0-10m) range would be selected). This provides the best

display resolution and therefore the best target separation possible.

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The Depth Range can be adjusted manually. Press MENU repeatedly

until the Depth Range menu is visible. Two options are available:

Auto and Manual.

The manual setting enables you to adjust the current depth range

setting. The unit no longer adjusts the Depth Range to the most

appropriate range for bottom display. Often, the bottom may not be

visible onscreen. The digital depth readout always determines the

depth of the bottom, even if it is not visible on-screen.

Using manual Depth Range control, you can view sonar information from the area near the

surface in great detail.

To return to automatic Depth Range control, press the MENU button until the Depth Range menu

appears on-screen and use the UP ARROW to select AUTO.

Zoom. The 400TX uses a greatly enhanced Zoom capability called

"TruZoom" which offers expanded information on a select area of sonar

information. Zoom is similar to Depth Range because it controls the

range of information displayed on screen. Zoom, however, allows

selection of ranges beneath the surface so any area of water between

the surface and the bottom can be enlarged to provide more detailed

information. By using the full display to show a small area of coverage,

the effective display resolution is increased, and the unit's ability to

separate close targets is enhanced.

The Zoom ranges available are dependent on the current depth range. In the 15' (5m) depth

range, TruZoom displays a range equal to one half the current depth range. In the 30' (10m), 60'

(20m), 120' (40m), 180' (60m), 240' (80m), 360' (110m), 480' (150m) and 600' (185m) depth

ranges, TruZoom displays a range equal to one fourth the current depth range. The box at the

right side of the screen outlines the area to be zoomed.

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The 400TX shows Zoom range in conjunction with the

full depth range. The Zoom range is shown on the left

side of the screen and full range information is shown

on the right side of the display. The area which is

being enlarged by Zoom is indicated by the square

box. Zoom can either operate automatically, in which

the Zoom range is constantly adjusted to show the

bottom, or manually, in which the user controls the

location of the Zoom range.

"Automatic" Zoom is especially helpful when looking

for structure or bottom detail. The "Automatic" Zoom

keeps the bottom in view even in quickly changing

terrain. "Manual" Zoom provides detailed information

of any area from the surface to the bottom.

In "Manual" Zoom, the Zoom range does not move as the terrain changes.

To operate Zoom, press MENU repeatedly until the Zoom menu is on-screen. Three options are

available: "Off" (Factory Setting), "Auto" (Automatic bottom tracking Zoom), and "Manual" (User

controlled Zoom range). Press the DOWN ARROW once to highlight Auto or twice to highlight

Manual. If Manual is selected a submenu will appear allowing manual zoom range adjustment.

When the menu disappears, full range information is displayed on the right as always. The square

box indicates the Zoom range. In Auto Zoom, the box will move vertically to remain in the general

area of the bottom return. The left side of the screen is a magnified view of the information seen

inside the Zoom range box. The upper and lower depth limits of the Zoom range are shown on

the right side of the Zoom view.

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It is not possible to use Zoom in conjunction with the Large Digital

View.

To disable Zoom, press the MENU button until the Zoom menu is on-

screen. Use the UP ARROW to highlight Off, and let the menu time

out.

When the unit is powered off, the Zoom menu returns to Zoom Off.

Depth Alarm. The 400TX contains an audible alarm to warn you of

shallow water depths. The alarm is adjustable to depths of 2' (.6m) to

99' (30m). When the alarm is enabled, an audible alarm sounds if the

water beneath the boat is equal to or less than the selected alarm

depth. The alarm sounds continuously for about five seconds, and

then intermittently to remind you that you are still in shallow water.

Additionally, the 400TX can anticipate quickly changing terrain and

sound the Depth Alarm before the bottom depth actually reaches the

preset alarm depth.

Fish Alarm. The Fish Alarm alerts you to the

presence of fish, or other targets not

connected to the bottom. The Fish Alarm

has three different settings that correspond

to the three different size fish symbols shown onscreen.

The default setting is "OFF." With the "Large fish only" setting, the

400TX alarms on only those targets that are represented by the large

fish symbols. The 400TX can be set to alarm on only large and medium

fish, or set to alarm on all fish.

Once the Fish Alarm is enabled, the 400TX emits an audible beep

when the selected size fish symbol appears on-screen. The sound is

slightly different for each of the three fish symbol sizes, so with practice,

it is possible to distinguish the size of the detected fish without looking

at the unit.

Fish Alarm settings are remembered when the unit is powered off.

Triplog. Triplog provides a running log of information based on input

from the Temp/Speed sensor.

Since Triplog requires information from the Temp/Speed sensor to

operate, if this sensor is not detected by the 400TX, the Triplog menu

will not appear as an option.

Triplog provides four pieces of information: the total time elapsed since

power-up or reset, the distance traveled since the 400TX was powered

up or reset, the average speed, and the input voltage from your boat's

electrical system.

The time, speed and distance calculations are useful for tracking your

progress on a trip. The input voltage is useful for determining the

condition of the charging system of the boat. When used in a portable application or whenever

the 400TX is operated from a battery source, the voltage number can be used to determine

battery life. The 400TX will operate at voltages from 10 to 20 VDC. Voltages in excess of 20 or

less than 10 VDC cause the unit to power off. The Triplog resets at power off.

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Options. The Options Menu is a series of linked menu functions used

initially to set your preferences Once your preferences are selected, it is

unlikely these functions need to be accessed during the normal

operation of the product.

There are eight Option menus: Contrast, Units, Fish ID, Numeral size,

Transducer, Display Speed, Bottom Black, and Reset. Press the view

key at any time to exit options and return to normal operation.

Contrast. The Contrast function allows the user to control the level of

contrast of the LCD display. The 400TX will automatically adjust the

display contrast to compensate for changing ambient temperatures;

however, some situations may occur where manual adjustment will

provide a higher level of contrast.

Eleven contrast settings, +5 to -5, are possible. The display contrast will

change as the adjustment is made so the optimum level of contrast can

easily be adjusted. Use the ARROW buttons to highlight the desired

selection.

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Units Speed. Units of Speed allows the selection of MPH (statute

miles per hour), or KTS (nautical miles per hour). Use the Arrow

buttons to highlight the desired selection.

Units Depth. Only available on metric versions, the Units Depth

function allows the user to select the units of measurement for the

depth readout. FEET and METERS are available. The 400TX

remembers this selection even when the unit is powered off.

Fish ID. There are three selections available: Off, ID+ ON, and

Adjust. The factory setting is ID+ On. With Fish ID Off, sonar

returns are displayed as "raw" information. There is no

interpretation made by the unit. Selecting ID Off also disables the

fish alarm.

ID+ On enables the 400TX to interpret the raw sonar data and,

using a variety of techniques, depict appropriate target returns as

one of three different size fish symbols. Further identification

shows which beam the fish is detected in. The 400TX also

displays the depth beneath the surface with the corresponding fish

symbol.

Selecting Adjust and making incremental changes enhances the

fishfinder's ability to identify sonar returns as fish symbols.

Increasing the value to a number greater than zero shows more

fish symbols onscreen. In this case smaller sonar returns will be

depicted as fish symbols. This is useful for identifying many

smaller sonar

will be depicted as fish symbols. This is useful for identifying many

smaller sonar returns (such as baitfish) as fish symbols.

Decreasing the value to a number less than zero shows fewer fish

symbols on-screen. In this case smaller sonar returns are

disregarded. This is useful for eliminating many small sonar

returns when seeking larger species of fish.

The 400TX remembers this selection even when the unit is

powered off.

Numeral Size. Two options are available: Big and Small. The factory

setting is Big. With this setting, the digital depth and speed and temp

numerals are drawn large enough to be read from across the boat.

The big numerals occupy space on the display that could be used

for the graphics area. Hence, the small numerals option. With small

numerals selected, a greater amount of the display area is available

for the graphic view. This effectively increases the display resolution

of the unit.

Numeral Size settings are remembered when powered off.

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Transducer. The Transducer Option controls the 400TXs ability to

determine the transducer connected. If you are using the standard

tri-beam transducer or wide side transducer, no adjustment to this

menu is needed unless the transducer develops a fault, which is a

rare occurrence. The factory setting for the Transducer menu is

"Auto". The transducer menu selections will be remembered when

the 400TX is turned off.

If a faulty transducer is connected, the 400TX may not change the

screen presentation to match the transducer. In this instance, you may need to manually select

"Tri-beam" for the tribeam transducer or "Side" for the WideSide transducer.

Often a transducer switch is used to connect two tri-beam transducers, or a tri-beam and a wide

side to the 400TX. In "Auto" the 400TX identifies the transducer as the switch is changed. Only if

the transducer is faulty do you need to manually identify the transducer in the menu.

When using a dual beam (DHS-W) and tri-beam transducer together with a switch, leave the

menu set to Tri-beam. When using a dual beam and Wide Side transducer together with a switch,

manually select the correct transducer in the menu each time the switch is changed.

Display Speed. Display Speed controls the rate at which the

graphic information moves across the display. There are 5

possible speeds; the fastest rate (5) is the factory setting. If your

boat is stationary or moving very slowly for extended periods, it

may be desirable to update the display at a slower rate. The

closer the update rate matches boat speed, the more accurate is

the graphic depiction of the terrain beneath your boat.

Use the UP and DOWN ARROWS to select the desired update

rate. (1) is the slowest, (5) is the fastest. Use the MENU button to

advance to the next menu.

The Display Speed setting is remembered when the unit is powered off.

Bottom Black. There are two selections available: Off and On.

The factory setting is Off. With this setting, the 400TX displays

the bottom using 4 level grayscale. This allows you to determine

the texture and relative hardness of the bottom. Selecting Bottom

Black "ON" causes the unit to blacken in the display below the

bottom. This gives the user easiest recognition of the bottom

location, even from a great distance.

The 400TX remembers the Bottom Black setting when powered off.

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Reset. With the many User Options available to customize the 400TX, it is easy to configure the

unit in such a way that it is detrimental to a particular use. By using the Reset function, all variable

or user-controlled features of the 400TX are returned to the factory settings.

The Reset function is an important first step in troubleshooting problems to ensure that a user

selected setting is not the cause for the perceived problem.

USING THE DIAGNOSTIC FEATURE

The 400TX contains a powerful diagnostic tool that can aid in determining the

cause of a problem.

To use the Diagnostic feature, select the Diagnostic feature on the start-up

menu on the initial screen.

Self Test. Initially, the 400TX will perform a self-test.

This test confirms the operation of all internal circuitry.

At the conclusion of the test, one of two messages will

appear. "Passed" indicates the internal test

discovered no failures, "Failed" indicates a significant

internal problem was discovered and the unit requires

factory service. A code number appears that tells

repair personnel where the problem is.

Transducer. The first connection tested is Transducer

input. If a transducer is detected, "TriBeam" or "Wide

Side" appears. If a series of dashed lines is shown, no

transducer is connected or there is a problem with the

transducer or cable.

If you are using multiple transducers, switch between transducers to confirm the connections for

each.

Boat Speed/Water Temperature Connection. Other connections tested include the boat speed

and surface water temperature sensors. These accessory sensors can be purchased

independently or together as a single sensor (see the Humminbird Accessories catalog). If the

sensors are connected and working properly, a "connected" message appears.

The speed input feature only works when the boat is in motion as the paddle wheel on the speed

sensor must rotate to be detected.

Voltage Input. Another connection tested is the voltage input, and is especially helpful in

diagnosing input voltage problems. The current input voltage is displayed. If voltage fluctuations

or power supply in excess of 20 VDC or less than 10 VDC is suspected, use the diagnostic

screen to confirm input voltage. Often, small outboard motors do not effectively regulate voltage

when operated at high engine speeds.

Use Diagnostic while running the boat at high speeds to show the voltage gain. Also, if you are

using the 400TX in a portable configuration or from the trolling motor battery, Diagnostic can be

used to evaluate the health of the battery by showing the current voltage.

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Total Time. The total time category indicates the total time the unit has been in use since shipped

from the factory. It is normal for some hours to appear in the total time when the unit is new due

to factory testing. While this is often of interest to the user, it is primarily a diagnostic tool for the

repair technician should the unit need service.

Sonar Beams. The second Diagnostic screen provides valuable information about the sonar

function of the 400TX. The three columns of information show the raw sonar signal as it is seen

by the unit.

This information is useful in both troubleshooting a potential fault, as well as aiding in the

transducer installation (for through the hull installations only).

The sonar diagrams indicate the returned signal of each sonar pulse transmission. By analyzing

these diagrams, the user can gain additional insight into the performance of the unit.

The diagrams show time delay (distance) on the vertical axis, and amplitude or strength of return

on the horizontal axis. An "amplitude" number shows the relative strength of each return signal.

The depth number shows the depth of water beneath the boat as measured by each of the three

beams.

With the boat stationary over a flat, consistent bottom, the sonar returns from the left and right

beams should be identical. Any discrepancy between these signals may indicate a problem with

the location of the transducer. (Often voids or irregularities in the laminated hull of a fiberglass

boat will block or degrade one or more of the sonar signals.)

By referring to this screen prior to permanently mounting a through-the-hull transducer, the

location can be adjusted until no visible loss is observed.

The diagram of the center beam cannot be compared to the left and right beams as this beam is

a different frequency and beam width. The diagram is useful in ensuring that the center beam is

present and of sufficient strength.

The depth of the water beneath the boat is shown for each of the three beams. In operation, only

the center beam is used to display this depth, however, the depth number is another means of

comparison.

When in diagnostic, two menus are available to the user: Depth Range, and Diagnostic. The

Depth Range menu can be used normally to control the range of information displayed in the

Diagnostic diagrams. The Diagnostic menu is used to exit the Diagnostic function and return to

the Start-Up screen.

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USING ALTERNATIVE TRANSDUCERS

Wide side operation

The Wide Side Transducer is a specialized "side-looking" transducer that is extremely useful for

bank fishing or looking for bait fish in open water. The Wide Side transducer uses three different

sonar elements that transmit signals to the left, right and straight down from your boat. The

downward beam is 200 kHz with a 24 degree area of coverage. This beam maintains a

continuous digital depth readout from the bottom directly beneath your boat. The side beams are

455 kHz with a 16 degree area of coverage. The side-looking elements can be used

independently, or together to locate targets near the surface of the water on either side of your

boat.

The Wide Side transducer can be connectedly

directly to the 400TX or used in conjunction with the

standard transducer through a transducer switch.

When used with a switch in conjunction with the Tri-

Beam transducer, the 400TX recognizes which

transducer is connected whenever the switch

position is changed.

When a Wide Side transducer is connected, the

screen display changes to display the information

from the side-looking elements. The Wide-Side

transducer has four views available: Left, Right,

Down and Both. These views are controlled by the

View button. The default view is both, in which information from both the left and right elements

are displayed on screen. The digital depth of the water beneath your boat is always present.

Viewing both left and right sides simultaneously

gives you an excellent tool when searching for bait

fish in open water, or when following a creek bed.

However, you will have a greater display resolution

if you view only one side.

The down view is similar to the traditional view

when using the standard transducer, however there

is no Tri-Beam information available, such as fish

location.

When operating in Wide Side mode, the range

must be adjusted manually, since the bottom is often not visible on-screen. Ranges of 15 (5m),

30' (10m) , 60' (20m) and 120' (40m) are available. Also, Zoom is not possible in Wide Side

mode, and the Zoom menu is not available.

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