Fluke Cable Box VR101S User Manual

®
VR101S  
Voltage Event Recorder  
System  
Users Manual  
December 1997, Rev. 4, 06/02  
© 1997, 1999, 2002 Fluke Corporation. All rights reserved.  
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
LIMITED WARRANTY & LIMITATION OF LIABILITY  
Each Fluke product is warranted to be free from defects in material and  
workmanship under normal use and service. The warranty period is one  
year and begins on the date of shipment. Parts, product repairs and  
services are warranted for 90 days. This warranty extends only to the  
original buyer or end-user customer of a Fluke authorized reseller, and  
does not apply to fuses, disposable batteries or to any product which, in  
Fluke’s opinion, has been misused, altered, neglected or damaged by  
accident or abnormal conditions of operation or handling. Fluke warrants  
that software will operate substantially in accordance with its functional  
specifications for 90 days and that it has been properly recorded on non-  
defective media. Fluke does not warrant that software will be error free or  
operate without interruption.  
Fluke authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused  
products to end-user customers only but have no authority to extend a  
greater or different warranty on behalf of Fluke. Warranty support is  
available if product is purchased through a Fluke authorized sales outlet  
or Buyer has paid the applicable international price. Fluke reserves the  
right to invoice Buyer for importation costs of repair/replacement parts  
when product purchased in one country is submitted for repair in another  
country.  
Fluke’s warranty obligation is limited, at Fluke’s option, to refund of the  
purchase price, free of charge repair, or replacement of a defective  
product which is returned to a Fluke authorized service center within the  
warranty period.  
To obtain warranty service, contact your nearest Fluke authorized service  
center or send the product, with a description of the difficulty, postage  
and insurance prepaid (FOB Destination), to the nearest Fluke authorized  
service center. Fluke assumes no risk for damage in transit. Following  
warranty repair, the product will be returned to Buyer, transportation  
prepaid (FOB Destination). If Fluke determines that the failure was  
caused by misuse, alteration, accident or abnormal condition of operation  
or handling, Fluke will provide an estimate of repair costs and obtain  
authorization before commencing the work. Following repair, the product  
will be returned to the Buyer transportation prepaid and the Buyer will be  
billed for the repair and return transportation charges (FOB Shipping  
Point).  
THIS WARRANTY IS BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AND  
IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,  
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF  
i
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  
FLUKE SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT,  
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES,  
INCLUDING LOSS OF DATA, WHETHER ARISING FROM BREACH  
OF WARRANTY OR BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, RELIANCE OR  
ANY OTHER THEORY.  
Since some countries or states do not allow limitation of the term of an  
implied warranty, or exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential  
damages, the limitations and exclusions of this warranty may not apply to  
every buyer. If any provision of this Warranty is held invalid or  
unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, such holding will not  
affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision.  
Fluke Corporation, P.O. Box 9090, Everett, WA 98206-9090 USA, or  
Fluke Industrial B.V., P.O. Box 680, 7600 AR, Almelo, The Netherlands  
SERVICE CENTERS  
To locate an authorized service center, visit us on the  
World Wide Web:  
or call Fluke using any of the phone numbers listed  
below:  
+1-888-993-5853 in U.S.A. and Canada  
+31-402-678-200 in Europe  
+1-425-356-5500 from other countries  
ii  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Table of Contents  
Chapter 1  
Getting Started...............................................................1  
Introduction.................................................................1  
Features of the Voltage Event Recorder System....1  
Safety......................................................................3  
Plugging in a recorder.............................................3  
Electrical Immunity..................................................4  
Safety Inspection ....................................................5  
Battery Care............................................................5  
Maintenance ...........................................................6  
Product Service.......................................................6  
What You Need to Run Fluke EventView Software....7  
What’s in the VR101S Package..................................7  
Installing EventView software.....................................8  
Setting the Time and Date........................................10  
Chapter 2  
Setting Up the VR101 ..................................................11  
Introduction...............................................................11  
Connecting the Optical Interface Cable....................11  
Starting EventView ...................................................11  
Selecting a COM Port ...........................................12  
Opening the Site Report Window..........................12  
Setting Thresholds on the Status Tab...................13  
Viewing the Default Threshold Settings................15  
Choosing and Saving New Default Threshold  
Settings.................................................................15  
Choosing Operating Options.................................15  
Describing the Site................................................16  
Viewing Realtime Readings of the Recorder ........16  
Viewing Recorder Information...............................16  
Sending the Setup to the Recorder.......................17  
iii  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Chapter 3  
Retrieving and Saving Events ......................................19  
Retrieving Events from a Recorder...........................19  
Saving Events...........................................................20  
Opening an Already Saved File.............................21  
Chapter 4  
Displaying and Printing Events.....................................23  
Displaying Events .....................................................23  
Viewing the Events Tab.........................................23  
Viewing Events as a Bar Graph ............................29  
(Quick Summary)...................................................29  
Viewing a Single Transient as a Graph.................30  
Viewing Events as an Event Distribution Graph....31  
Changing Graph Styles .........................................33  
Printing Events..........................................................34  
Chapter 5  
Troubleshooting............................................................35  
Optical Interface Cable .............................................35  
Printers .....................................................................37  
Voltage Event Recorder............................................37  
Technical Support.....................................................38  
Chapter 6  
Power Quality Issues....................................................39  
Power Quality Background .......................................39  
Why Is It Such a Concern?....................................39  
Common Questions about Power Quality .............40  
Power Quality Definitions and Standards .................41  
Power Line Disturbance Definitions ......................41  
How Bad is Bad?...................................................42  
The CBEMA Curve................................................42  
Causes and Effects of Poor Power Quality...............43  
Causes of Poor Power Quality ..............................43  
How Power Line Disturbances Affect Your  
Equipment.............................................................44  
Performing a Power Quality Study............................45  
Developing a Power Quality Monitoring Program..45  
Now That I Have This Information, What Do I Do  
with It?...................................................................48  
iv  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Chapter 7  
VR101 Specifications...................................................51  
Equipment Ratings ...................................................51  
Sag, Swell & Outage Measurement..........................54  
Transient Measurement............................................55  
Frequency Measurement..........................................55  
Time Measurement...................................................56  
Approvals..................................................................57  
v
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
VR101S  
Users Manual  
vi  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Chapter 1  
Getting Started  
Introduction  
Features of the Voltage Event Recorder System  
The VR101 Voltage Event Recorder, hereafter referred  
to as the recorder, records sags, swells, transients,  
outages, and frequency variations on the power line. It  
is self powered and easy to use—parameters can be set  
by a few easy keystrokes from your PC equipped with  
EventView SoftwareTM  
.
The recorder can retain 4,000 events. The existence of  
recorded events is indicated by the recorder’s flashing  
light.  
Communication between a PC and the recorder is  
carried via the Optical Interface Cable. By using this  
optical data transfer, the PC remains electrically  
isolated.  
1
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
A Quick Overview  
The following steps are discussed in detail throughout  
this manual:  
1. Read the next five pages on safety and battery  
care.  
2. Install EventView Software on your PC.  
3. Plug the VR101 into the closest wall socket.  
4. Connect your computer to the VR101 with the  
optical cable.  
5. Use EventView to adjust the settings on your  
VR101.  
6. Disconnect the optical cable and move the VR101  
to the receptacle you want to monitor.  
7. After monitoring, use EventView to download the  
results.  
2
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Getting Started  
Introduction  
1
Safety  
Attention  
Carefully read the following safety  
information before using the recorder.  
Safety Precautions  
Specific warning and caution statements, where they  
apply, will be found throughout the manual.  
A Caution identifies conditions and actions that  
may damage the recorder.  
A Warning identifies conditions and actions that  
pose hazard(s) to the user.  
Symbols used on the VR101 and in this manual are  
explained in the next table.  
See explanation in  
manual  
Disposal  
information  
Recycling  
Double Insulation  
information  
(Protection Class)  
Warning  
The recorder is designed and certified to  
work only on single-phase systems.  
Attempting to modify the recorder or  
operating it improperly may cause circuit  
damage which can ultimately result in  
property damage, personal injury, or death.  
Plugging in a recorder  
The recorder is designed to plug into a standard  
convenience outlet. As a safety precaution, the unit  
should be in a place where it can be easily unplugged.  
This will also make it accessible for data retrieval. The  
recorder does not require a protective earth connection  
for safety since there are no exposed metal parts. The  
earth conductor is used to measure neutral to ground  
3
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
(N-G) events and to measure the recorder’s polarity,  
indicated by the LED. Also see below under “Using an  
Ungrounded Outlet”. The ground prong may be  
electrically disconnected (as long as it is not exposed).  
The recorder does not need special ventilation,  
however, its ambient temperature should not be allowed  
to rise above the operating limit. (See Chapter 7 “VR101  
Specifications”.  
Using an Ungrounded Outlet  
Plugging the recorder into an ungrounded outlet has the  
following consequences:  
1. Polarity indication by the LED is not valid.  
2. Neutral to ground events captured are not valid.  
3. If the recorder is plugged in improperly (improper  
polarity), hot to neutral events captured are shifted  
180 degrees and indicated with the opposite  
polarity.  
Polarity Indication  
In some countries outlets are not polarized. This means  
that the recorder can be plugged in improperly (hot and  
neutral swapped). Improper polarity connection will not  
cause damage to the recorder but events will not be  
correctly recorded and the results may cause  
misinterpretation.  
Note 1:  
When plugging in the recorder improperly  
(improper polarity connection), the LED will  
blink quickly during 8 to 16 seconds (also see  
Note 2). When plugging in correctly, the LED  
lights steadily during 8 to 16 seconds. Polarity  
indication starts from 0 to 8 seconds after  
plugging in.  
Note 2:  
The LED on the recorder also blinks when an  
event is captured, but then it blinks slowly.  
4
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Getting Started  
Introduction  
1
Electrical Immunity  
The recorder’s internal circuitry is solid-state with built-in  
EMI and RFI protection to ensure reliable readings. The  
recorder will withstand exposure to a 3,400V transient  
for a duration of 20 ms.  
Safety Inspection  
We recommend that you inspect the recorder  
periodically for visible damage. To ensure that it  
operates safely, inspect for missing labels, cracks in the  
case, or bent and/or broken blades.  
Battery Care  
The recorder contains a lithium battery which will, under  
normal circumstances, allow it to operate for 7 years.  
Exposing the recorder to extreme temperatures for  
extended periods of time may reduce battery life by as  
much as 50%. The recorder is designed for INDOOR  
USE. It should not be exposed to direct sunlight.  
Do not store the recorder with the event indicator  
flashing. This consumes battery power and reduces  
battery life. (See page 17 for information on how to  
clear the recorder’s events from memory.)  
To extend battery life, keep the recorder plugged into a  
standard convenience outlet (even when not in use).  
This conserves battery power especially when  
frequently downloading stored events.  
Warning  
Battery poses fire, explosion and severe  
burn hazard. Do not recharge, disassemble,  
heat above 212 °F (100 °C), incinerate, or  
expose contents to water  
5
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Note:  
The VR101 contains a lithium battery. Do not  
dispose of the VR101 with other solid waste.  
The VR101 should be disposed of by a  
qualified recycler or hazardous materials  
handler. Contact your authorized FLUKE  
Service Center for recycling information.  
Maintenance  
The recorder is a maintenance-free product. However, it  
is recommended that it be kept clean to allow for easy  
visual inspections. To clean the recorder, unplug it from  
the outlet and wipe it with a dry, clean cloth.  
Product Service  
The recorder has no user-serviceable parts inside. The  
fuse and battery inside the recorder are NOT  
REPLACEABLE. Opening the case, or attempting to do  
so, will void the warranty and safety certification.  
The Optical Interface Cable is the only replacement part  
in the VR101S package.  
If you require service, please contact your local dealer  
or an authorized Fluke service center. (See under  
“Service Centers” in the front of this manual.)  
6
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Getting Started  
What You Need to Run Fluke EventView Software  
1
What You Need to Run Fluke  
EventView Software  
In order to run Fluke EventViewTM software, your  
computer system must include:  
IBM PC or 100% compatible, with Windows 3.1 or  
Windows 95/98/NT installed and operating  
At least one free serial port, 9-pin  
A pointing device (recommended)  
2 MB hard drive space  
4 MB RAM (8 MB for Windows 95/98/NT)  
Optional Equipment:  
A printer port with a printer supported by Microsoft  
Windows  
What’s in the VR101S Package  
The VR101S package contains the following items:  
VR101/xxx Voltage Event Recorder unit.  
EventViewTM software and Users Manual, located  
on CD  
Optical Interface Cable  
Product Registration Card + return envelope  
EventView software enables you to set up the recorder,  
download all the stored events and display the stored  
information.  
7
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Installing EventView software  
1. Before installing EventView software, close other  
applications, or restart Windows.  
2. For Windows 3.1, open Program Manager, select  
File from the menu bar and choose Run...  
Windows 95/98/NT users select Start from the  
Taskbar on the desktop and choose Run...  
3. Insert EventView Disk 1 of 2 in your computer’s  
disk drive. In the Run dialog box, type a:setup for  
drive A and press Enter (the Return key on some  
keyboards). If you are using drive B, type b:setup.  
4. EventView supports several languages. If one of  
these languages has been specified in the  
Windows control panel, EventView uses the same  
language. If any other language is specified in  
Windows, the EventView setup procedure displays  
a language selection menu. Select the desired  
language.  
During the following steps, change diskette as  
indicated.  
5. A “Welcome!” dialog box will appear asking you to  
click Next if you want to start installing the  
EventView Software on your hard drive.  
6. An information screen appears to inform you about  
some important items for installation and use of  
EventView Software. Read this carefully. Click  
Next.  
7. Select the Destination Directory for the EventView  
Software. If you want to install the software in the  
default directory, click Next. If you prefer another  
directory, click Browse to select this directory, then  
click Next.  
8. A dialog box appears asking if you would like to  
back up replaced files. It is a good idea to do so  
(select “Yes”.) Click Next.  
8
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Getting Started  
Installing EventView software  
1
9. Specify a backup directory or just click Next to  
select the default directory. (Note: The backup  
directory will be empty if no files are replaced.)  
10. Windows 95/98/NT users click Next to begin  
installation.  
For Windows 3.1 users a dialog box appears to  
select or to create the Windows Program Group to  
add the EventView Software to. Click Next to  
create the Fluke PQ Tools program group. (PQ  
stands for Power Quality.)  
Click Next to begin installation.  
11. Finally click Finish to exit EventView Software  
installation.  
9
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Setting the Time and Date  
It is very important that your PC system’s time and date  
are correct before running the EventView program.  
When retrieving data from the recorder, the EventView  
program uses the PC’s internal clock for time and date  
reference. (See the following note.)  
With Windows running, set the time from the  
Control Panel in Program Manager.  
Windows 95/98/NT users open the Control Panel  
from the Taskbar by choosing Start, Settings, and  
Control Panel.  
Information about setting the time can be found in the  
Windows User’s Guide.  
Note  
If your PC’s internal clock switched from  
summer time to winter time or vice versa  
during the period that the VR101 is capturing  
events, you should correct the Start Time and  
the End time (if date and time indicated) of the  
events that occurred up to the time change by  
adding or subtracting one hour. (See “Viewing  
the Events Tab on page 23.  
10  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Chapter 2  
Setting Up the VR101  
Introduction  
This chapter explains how to use EventViewTM software  
to program the internal settings of the recorder.  
Connecting the Optical Interface Cable  
The EventView program communicates with the  
recorder via the Optical Interface Cable.  
Plug this cable into an available 9-pin COM port in  
your computer.  
If your computer has only a 25-pin COM port, plug a  
9- to 25-pin adapter (not included with your interface  
package) into your computer, and plug the interface  
cable into the adapter.  
Starting EventView  
Windows 3.1 users double-click the Fluke  
EventView program icon EV101 in the Fluke PQ  
Tools group window.  
(Double-click the Update Readme icon to read the latest  
information about the VR101S.)  
11  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Windows 95/98/NT users click Start on the  
Taskbar, and choose Programs, Fluke PQ Tools  
and then EventView.  
(Select Update Readme to read the latest information  
about the VR101S.)  
The main FLUKE EVENTVIEW window will open.  
Selecting a COM Port  
With the main FLUKE EVENTVIEW window open,  
from the Communicate menu choose the COM port  
that the Optical Interface Cable is connected to.  
The Communicate menu displays the available COM  
ports on your computer.  
When you have chosen the correct port, the optical  
wand and the red scanning button on the ToolBar will  
start to flash. When the wand is flashing it is ready to  
communicate with the recorder. If the wand doesn’t  
flash, please refer to Chapter 5 “Troubleshooting”.  
Opening the Site Report Window  
1. With the main VR101 window open, the Optical  
Interface Cable connected to a COM port, and the  
red scan button flashing, point the optical wand at  
the optical port of the recorder (from 0.25” away or  
closer) or plug the wand directly into the recorder’s  
recessed optical port.  
The Site Report Window will open.  
12  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Setting Up the VR101  
Starting EventView  
2
The Site Report window displays the recorder’s  
settings and its recorded events.  
If the VR101 is not plugged into a power source, an  
information box will appear saying “No voltage  
detected on recorder. Realtime halted to conserve  
power.” Click OK to continue.  
2. Remove the optical wand from the recorder.  
Setting Thresholds on the Status Tab  
The thresholds are in three categories on the Status  
tab: Hot to Neutral, Neutral to Ground, and Frequency.  
To change any threshold setting, double-click the  
setting and then type in the new value.  
Voltage Transients  
Transients are fast voltage fluctuations (sometimes  
called spikes). They can be positive or negative and can  
occur on the hot-neutral line or on the neutral-ground  
line. The voltage potential of a transient can be quite  
large; hundreds of volts is not uncommon. Transients  
typically have a duration far below one cycle and can be  
detected down to 1 µs.  
The recorder will record as a transient any voltage  
deviation of less than one cycle that exceeds the  
transient threshold for more than 1 µs.  
Voltage Swells  
Swells are increases in voltage that last at least ½  
cycle. Swells can occur on the hot-neutral lines or on  
the neutral-ground lines. Typically, swells are in the  
order of tens of volts and last from several cycles to  
several seconds.  
13  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
If the voltage exceeds the swell voltage threshold for  
longer than one cycle, a swell event will be recorded.  
Voltage Sags  
Sags are decreases in line voltage lasting for at least ½  
cycle. Sags are only measured on the hot-neutral lines.  
Typically, a sag will be a few volts or tens of volts below  
normal.  
If the voltage drops below the sag threshold a sag event  
will be recorded. If it drops to below 70Vrms the event  
will be recorded as an outage.  
Line Frequency Variations  
Frequency variations are changes in frequency above  
or below the nominal frequency (60Hz in North America,  
50Hz in Europe, for example). Variations in frequency  
are typically a few cycles and can be from seconds to  
minutes in duration.  
If the frequency drops below the minimum threshold a  
low frequency event will be recorded; if it exceeds the  
maximum threshold a high frequency event will be  
recorded.  
For a 120V recorder version the frequency will default to  
60Hz.  
14  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Setting Up the VR101  
Starting EventView  
2
Viewing the Default Threshold Settings  
The EventView program has factory-installed default  
threshold settings. These settings are adequate for  
most applications.  
To see the default threshold settings on the Status  
tab, click the Default Setup button.  
If you are concerned that some of your electronic  
equipment may have particular power quality  
requirements, we suggest that you call the equipment  
manufacturer for that information. You may discover  
that you should alter some of the recorder’s threshold  
settings in order to monitor power quality more closely.  
Choosing and Saving New Default Threshold  
Settings  
If the factory-installed default threshold settings of the  
recorder do not suit your application you may choose  
new settings and designate them as the default settings.  
1. Make your changes to the settings.  
2. Click the Save as Default Setup button.  
3. In the dialog box that appears, click OK to confirm  
that the default settings will be changed.  
These settings are now saved in your computer and  
can be sent to any recorder that you communicate  
with by clicking Send Setup/Clear Recorder.  
Choosing Operating Options  
Stop Recording When Full or Overwrite Oldest  
Events When Full  
A recorder can store 4,000 events. You can program it  
to either stop recording events or to continue recording  
when it is full and record over the oldest events in its  
memory.  
Choose either Stop Recording When Full or  
Overwrite Oldest Events When Full.  
Flash When Data Available  
Check Flash When Data Available if you want the  
recorder to blink when it has stored one or more  
events (default condition).  
15  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Describing the Site  
Site Description gives you the opportunity of specifying  
the location of the recorder, for instance, if you need to  
distinguish between the locations of three recorders in  
one office. You may describe the site in your own words  
using up to 30 characters. The site description will also  
appear as the title of a Quick Summary, a Transient  
Graph, and an Event Distribution Graph.  
Viewing Realtime Readings of the Recorder  
After establishing communication, leave the wand in the  
optical port while the recorder is plugged into an outlet  
to see, in real time:  
Line voltage readings (the voltage between the hot  
and neutral lines)  
Ground voltage readings (the voltage between the  
neutral and ground lines),  
Line frequency readings (the frequency between  
the hot and neutral lines)  
These readings appear under the RealTime heading.  
You can turn realtime reading off and on by clicking on  
the red Scan button.  
Note:  
The recorder can NOT record events during  
realtime reading. Click the red scan button to  
stop realtime reading and to resume event  
recording.  
Note that if the recorder is not plugged into an outlet  
while the wand is in the optical port, real time reading  
will stop after a few seconds to conserve power.  
Viewing Recorder Information  
Under the heading, Recorder Info, you will be able to  
see the number of events saved in the recorder and the  
time span over which the data was collected.  
If no events have been gathered, the words No Events  
Stored will be displayed.  
16  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Setting Up the VR101  
Starting EventView  
2
Sending the Setup to the Recorder  
and as a consequence,  
Clearing all events from the recorder  
1. Place the wand into the optical port of the recorder.  
2. If you have changed threshold settings or you are  
leaving the settings the way they are, click Send  
Setup/Clear Recorder button.  
If you are changing the recorder’s settings to the  
default settings, click Default Setup and then click  
Send Setup/Clear Logger button.  
3. In the dialog box that appears, click Yes to confirm  
that all previous events will be cleared from the  
recorder.  
The new settings will be saved in the recorder.  
4. Remove the optical wand from the recorder.  
The recorder will begin monitoring as soon as it is  
plugged into a standard convenience outlet.  
Note:  
Plugging in and unplugging the recorder can  
cause invalid events being captured.  
Starting Event Recording  
The VR101 does not start recording until the wand has  
been removed from the recorder’s optical port. After  
approximately 16 seconds, the VR101 will begin to  
record voltage events. Recording can also be initiated  
by deactivating the red Scan button on the EventView  
toolbar. You may then leave the wand in the recorder’s  
optical port.  
17  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
18  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Chapter 3  
Retrieving and  
Saving Events  
Retrieving Events from a Recorder  
1. With the Main VR101 window open, and with the  
Optical Interface Cable connected to your  
computer, ensure that the wand is blinking. If it is  
not, choose Scan from the Communicate menu  
(or, on the ToolBar, click the red scan button so  
that it flashes).  
2. Place the wand into the recorder’s optical port. The  
Site Report window will open at the Status tab.  
3. To download the recorder’s stored events to your  
computer, click the Events tab.  
Downloading will start. During download the Cancel  
Download button (to the right of the Scan button)  
will become activated enabling you to stop the  
download.  
4. When all events have been copied to your  
computer, you may remove the wand from the  
recorder.  
19  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Saving Events  
1. To save the events that you have downloaded  
choose Save from the File menu or click the Save  
button on the ToolBar.  
The Save As dialog box will appear with the current  
file name highlighted in the File Name box.  
2. You have two save options:  
Save the file with the existing name—this  
means that you will overwrite the previous  
file of the same name along with all its  
data. To do this, click OK and then click  
Yes to replace the previous file.  
Save the file with a new name—this  
means that you will type a new name for  
the file so that the previous file, along with  
its name and its data, will still exist. To do  
this:  
1. Go to "Save File as Type:"  
2. Click the scroll bar and select the  
desired file type.  
3. Once you have selected the file type,  
go back up to "File Name:"  
4. Change the file extension to match  
that of the file type selected in step 2.  
20  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Retrieving and Saving Events  
Saving Events  
3
Opening an Already Saved File  
1. From the File menu choose Open Site File.  
The Open dialog box will appear.  
2. Scroll through the list of site files until you find the  
file you want.  
3. Double-click the selected file (or click it and then  
click OK) to open the Site Report window.  
The Site report window will open at the Status tab.  
On the Status tab you will notice that the items that  
cannot be changed are displayed dimmed. Only the site  
description and the file name can be changed.  
21  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
22  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Chapter 4  
Displaying and Printing  
Events  
Displaying Events  
EventView software enables you to view events in  
different forms:  
The Events tab in the Site Report window lists all  
events that the recorder has gathered.  
Sags, swells and transients can be displayed in a  
Quick Summary bar graph.  
A single transient can be displayed as a graph.  
An Event Distribution Graph can be displayed.  
Viewing the Events Tab  
Having downloaded events from the recorder, and with  
the Events tab still open, you can view and analyze the  
data that the recorder has gathered since it was last  
cleared. The recorder can store up to 4,000 events.  
Events are displayed in the order of closing (end time).  
An event that is closed (ended) most recently is  
displayed at the top of the list.  
Note  
As events can occur simultaneously while their  
duration differ, the display order can differ from  
the order of their start times. For example,  
during a sag event transients can occur.  
Though the start time of the sag is earlier than  
that of the transients, the sag event will be  
displayed later in the list because its end time  
is later.  
23  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Event # column  
The Event # column displays the number of each event.  
The most recent events are displayed first. You may  
have to scroll down (use the scroll bar on the right of the  
window) to view all the events that the recorder has  
recorded. The number 0 is given to an open event—an  
event that is still in progress at the time that the events  
were downloaded from the recorder.  
Start Time column  
The Start Time column displays the time that an event  
started. The resolution of the time stamp in a recorder is  
eight seconds. Therefore, if a transient occurred once  
every second starting at 12:00:00, the first eight  
transients would all be reported to have the same time  
of 12:00:00. The next eight transients would be reported  
as having the same time of 12:00:08. Also, if identical  
information was downloaded twice from a recorder, the  
two “identical” site reports could show a time difference  
of eight seconds.  
Event column  
The Event column displays the types of events that  
occurred.  
24  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Displaying and Printing Events  
Displaying Events  
4
Transient Events The recorder can detect both  
positive and negative transients down to one 1 µs in  
duration on either the H-N and N-G circuits. If the  
voltage exceeds the transient deviation threshold for  
any given half cycle, a transient event will be recorded.  
A transient event can include one or more transients  
occurring within the same half cycle. The event column  
will display the number of transients that the recorder  
was able to count.  
An example of a transient event can be seen in the  
Event tab shown. Event #8 shows a single transient on  
the N-G circuit. The polarity for this transient was  
positive, the voltage was 414 volts. The transient was  
detected at a phase angle of 330 degrees.  
Multiple transients can sometimes occur within a ½  
cycle. For example, a large single transient followed by  
several cycles of high frequency ringing.  
Since there are an infinite variety of wave shapes that  
can be classified as multiple transients, it is impossible  
to determine the accuracy of the reported information  
under these conditions.  
Event #18 shows an example of a multiple transient  
event. This event indicates 9 transients that were  
detected starting at a phase angle of 271 degrees. The  
detected polarity was negative and the voltages of the  
transients were measured as 469 volts.  
An important point to note about a multiple transient  
event such as #18 above, is that the voltage reading in  
the Extreme column will be the maximum voltage  
(positive or negative) of any transients that occur more  
than 100 µs apart. The degree (in the fourth column) will  
be the position in the cycle of the first transient. The  
angle of neutral-ground transients is referenced to the  
start of the hot-neutral sine wave.  
If a transient is less than 1 µs in length, the recorder will  
indicate the magnitude of the transient but will be  
unable to determine the polarity. In this case, the  
recorder will show the sign of the transient as “+”.  
Sag and Swell Events Sag and swell events are  
decreases and increases in line voltage that exceed the  
thresholds for at least ½ cycle. Swells can occur on the  
25  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
hot-neutral lines or on the neutral-ground lines. Sags  
are only measured on the hot-neutral lines.  
Outage Events Outage events less than one second  
duration are recorded with half cycle resolution. Longer  
outages are recorded with 8 second resolution.  
Sags and outages are events that are closely related as  
far as a VER is concerned. If the sag voltage falls below  
the minimum operating voltage for longer than one  
second, the event will be recorded as an outage. The  
VER will go into a low power mode in order to conserve  
battery life under these conditions.  
During the low power mode operation, the VER will only  
check for adequate line voltage every eight seconds.  
When the line voltage is restored, normal logging  
operation is resumed. This mode switching can present  
confusing event data, especially when sags and  
outages occur in a sequence.  
The following table shows some examples for a 120V  
VER. The minimum operating voltage for a 120V VER is  
70Vrms and the settings are as follows:  
Hot to Neutral Thresholds  
Swell Voltage (Vrms):  
Sag Voltage (Vrms):  
Transient Deviation (V):  
128  
105  
200  
Neutral to Ground Thresholds  
Swell Voltage (Vrms):  
10  
Transient Deviation (Vrms):  
100  
Frequency Thresholds  
Maximum (Hz):  
61.2  
58.8  
Minimum (Hz):  
Examples 1 to 6 represent events that are recorded due  
to line voltage sags of varying voltages and duration.  
Examples 7 to 12 show events that are recorded when  
sags and outages occur in sequence.  
26  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Displaying and Printing Events  
Displaying Events  
4
Hot -  
Hot -  
Neutral  
Neutral  
#
Voltage Duration Voltage Duration  
VER Data  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
100V 2 cycles  
40V 2 cycles  
100V 2 seconds 120V 1 hour  
40V 2 seconds 120V 1 hour  
120V 1 hour  
120V 1 hour  
Sag 100V, 2 cycles  
Sag 40V, 2 cycles  
Sag 100V, 2 seconds  
Outage, 8-16 seconds  
Outage, 2 cycles  
0V  
0V  
0V  
0V  
0V  
2 cycles  
2 seconds 120V 1 hour  
2 seconds 100V 2 cycles Outage, 8-16 seconds  
2 seconds 100V 2 secondsOutage, 8-16 seconds  
2 cycles  
120V 1 hour  
Outage, 8-16 seconds  
100V 2 secondsOutage, 2 cycles and  
Sag, 2 seconds  
10  
11  
12  
100V 2 seconds  
100V 2 cycles  
100V 2 cycles  
0V  
0V  
2 cycles Outage, 2 seconds  
2 secondsOutage, 8-16 seconds  
40V 2 secondsOutage, 8-16 seconds  
Example #10:  
Since the VER reports the extreme  
value of a sag, the event is recorded as an outage  
(extreme value of 0V).  
High and Low Frequency Events Frequency events  
are recorded when the frequency exceeds the  
frequency thresholds.  
Extreme Column  
The Extreme column displays the maximum value  
measured during the event.  
End Time/Duration/Degree Column  
This column displays the duration of an event, or the  
time that the event ended, or (in the case of a single  
transient) the event’s position on the sine wave (in  
degrees).  
The way the information is displayed depends on the  
length of the event.  
Events of less than one second are displayed in  
numbers of cycles.  
Events of one to 119 seconds are displayed in  
seconds.  
Events of between two minutes and 24 hours are  
displayed in hours, minutes and seconds (for  
example, 07:51:24, which means 7 hours, 51  
minutes, and 24 seconds).  
27  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Events that last longer than 24 hours display the  
end time (date and time).  
If an event was still in progress when data was  
downloaded from the recorder, the event will be  
designated as an open event in this column. Open  
events are assigned the number zero in the Event #  
column.  
28  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Displaying and Printing Events  
Displaying Events  
4
Viewing Events as a Bar Graph  
(Quick Summary)  
Quick Summary displays the number of sag, swell,  
transient, outages, and frequency events as bars on a  
graph.  
1. With the Site Report window open at the Events  
tab, choose Quick Summary from the View menu  
(or click the Quick Summary button on the  
ToolBar).  
2. Make your choices from the following options:  
All Data or Selected Data To display all sag,  
swell, transient, and frequency events, click All  
Data. To display a block of events from the Events  
tab, select those events by dragging the pointer  
through them to highlight them.  
Show Hot to Neutral Events Check this box to  
display all hot to neutral events.  
Show Neutral to Ground Events Check this box  
to display all neutral to ground events.  
Sort by Date or Sort into Equal Periods If you  
want the horizontal axis divided into 24-hour  
periods, click Sort by Date. If you want to divide  
the horizontal axis into shorter or longer periods,  
click Sort into Equal Periods and type the number  
of periods you want to display.  
3. When you have finished choosing your options,  
click OK to close this dialog box and to open the  
Quick Summary.  
29  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
The horizontal axis displays time; the vertical axis  
displays the number of events that occurred in each  
time period. In the bar graph above, the time periods  
are sorted by date.  
Note that the thickness of a bar and its position in a time  
period is irrelevant—the bar only displays the number of  
events and the time period they occurred in.  
Viewing a Single Transient as a Graph  
A single transient event between hot and neutral or  
neutral and ground can be displayed as a graph  
enabling you to see if the transient is causing zero  
crossings. A transient graph is produced using the  
amplitude, direction and position (in degrees) of the  
event. The graphical representation is not intended to  
show what the wave form looks like nor does it show the  
duration of the transient.  
To graph a transient you must choose an event that  
contains only one transient—it is not possible to graph  
an event consisting of multiple transients.  
1. With the Site Report window open at the Events  
tab, double-click the single-transient event you  
want to graph.  
(There are two other ways of opening a transient  
graph: select the single-transient event you want to  
graph by clicking it, and then, either choose Single  
Transient... from the View menu, or click the View  
Single Transient button on the ToolBar.)  
30  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Displaying and Printing Events  
Displaying Events  
4
2. To open a dialog box of display options, right-click  
the mouse with the pointer in the graph. Also see  
under Changing Graph Styles” on page 33.  
Viewing Events as an Event Distribution Graph  
The Event Distribution Graph plots the magnitude of an  
event against duration on a logarithmic scale in order to  
determine the importance of the data. For example, a  
single random event may not be as significant as a  
cluster of recurring events. This information can be  
interpreted using the CBEMA Curve found in Chapter 6,  
Power Quality Issues, in this manual.  
With the Site Report window open at the Events  
tab, choose Event Distribution Graph from the  
View menu (or click the Event Distribution button  
on the ToolBar).  
The Graph Setup dialog box will appear enabling you to  
make your display choices. An explanation of these  
choices is given under “Viewing Events as a Bar Graph”  
on page 29.  
31  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Click OK to close this dialog box and to display the  
Event Distribution Graph.  
Since the transients have a duration that is unknown,  
they are represented as having a width of 10 µs.  
32  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Displaying and Printing Events  
Displaying Events  
4
Changing Graph Styles  
The Graph Control dialog box contains a number of edit  
features that enable you to change the way a graph  
appears. These features include naming and placing  
titles, using 3D effects, and saving a graph in different  
formats.  
Open the Graph Control dialog box by right clicking  
anywhere in a graph. For explanations of the  
various features click the Help button.  
33  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Printing Events  
Printing Events from the Events Tab  
1. With the Events tab displayed, choose Print from  
the File menu (or click the print button on the  
ToolBar).  
2. Choose the option you want from the Print dialog  
box (printing all events, printing one or more pages,  
or printing a number of events that you selected).  
3. Click OK.  
Printing a Graph  
1. With a Quick Summary, a Transient Graph, or an  
Event Distribution Graph open, choose Print from  
the File menu (or click the print button on the  
ToolBar).  
2. Click Setup from the Print dialog box.  
3. If you want the horizontal axis longer than the  
vertical axis, choose Landscape orientation from  
the Print Setup dialog box.  
4. Click OK.  
5. Choose the options you want from the Print dialog  
box and click OK.  
If you are printing a Quick Summary or an Event  
Distribution Graph with a color printer, EventView  
software gives event types different colors so that you  
can distinguish between them. If you do not have a  
color printer, the software assigns patterns instead of  
colors to different event types.  
34  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Chapter 5  
Troubleshooting  
Optical Interface Cable  
Many manufactures of PC software and hardware use  
the COM (serial) port(s). It is difficult to predict potential  
COM port conflicts. If the Optical Interface Cable’s wand  
tip is not flashing, there are a few steps that can be  
taken in order to find the source of the problem.  
Make sure that the Optical Interface Cable is  
securely plugged in. The Optical Interface Cable  
may appear to be properly connected but only be  
partially plugged in.  
Try a different serial port. If the PC has more than  
one serial port, try another port to see if the Optical  
interface flashes.  
Determine if you have any other Windows  
programs using the serial port. PC faxing  
programs or other programs that use the COM port  
can cause conflicts during data transmission. To  
verify that no other programs are running and  
causing communication problems, shut down your  
computer and restart it before you run EventView  
software.  
Verify that your serial port settings are correct.  
In Windows 3.1 you can use the Microsoft  
Diagnostics program, MSD.EXE, to find out the  
number of installed serial ports in your PC, and  
their settings. These settings should be the same  
as those displayed in the advanced section of  
“Ports” in the Windows 3.1 Control Panel. Exit  
Windows or restart the computer in MS-DOS mode  
before running MSD. If you have an internal  
35  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
modem, MSD may detect the modem’s serial port.  
This serial port cannot be directly used with the  
Optical Interface Cable.  
Windows 95/98/NT users verify port settings in  
Device Manager. Device Manager is found on the  
TaskBar by choosing Start, Settings, Control  
Panel, System, and Device Manager.  
Common Serial Port Settings:  
Port  
I/O Address  
3F8h  
IRQ  
4
COM1  
COM2  
COM3  
COM4  
2F8h  
3
3E8h  
4
2E8h  
3
Verify that your serial port is functioning  
properly. You can use any standard Windows  
communications program to ensure the port is  
functioning. Examples of these are ProComm,  
Windows 3.1 Terminal or Windows 95/98/NT  
HyperTerminal.  
Exit all programs (including the EventView  
program) and connect the Optical Interface Cable  
to the port. Run the communications software and  
set the local echo to “off” and hardware flow control  
to “none”. If you are using HyperTerminal, choose a  
direct connection to the port. Open the port with the  
communications software. Any alphanumeric  
character you type on the keyboard should cause  
the optical interface to flash, and the character to  
appear on the screen.  
If the optical interface does not flash when you  
type, disconnect it and use a piece of wire to  
connect serial port pins 2 and 3 together. Any  
alphanumeric character you type on the keyboard  
should appear on the screen. If no characters  
appear, the port may be broken or incorrectly  
configured. If characters appear, your Optical  
Interface Cable may be broken.  
If the optical interface flashes when you type, it  
should also work with EventView software. Exit the  
communications program, and re-start the  
36  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Troubleshooting  
Printers  
5
EventView program. If you are unable to make the  
optical interface flash when running the program,  
re-install EventView software.  
Check your mouse driver. Certain older or inferior  
drivers for mice, trackballs and laptop “pointing  
sticks” are known to interfere with serial port  
operation. If, after disabling your mouse driver, the  
optical interface functions normally, try using a  
different mouse driver such as Logitech or  
Microsoft.  
Try another computer if you have one. An  
alternative to serial port troubleshooting is to use a  
different computer. Another computer with its serial  
ports set up correctly will confirm that there is an  
incorrect setup or software/hardware conflict with  
the original PC.  
Printers  
Verify that the printer is plugged in, turned on, and  
has paper.  
Verify that Windows is set up correctly. Windows  
uses its own printer drivers. Setup is done through  
the Windows Control Panel. If you need help, follow  
the instructions in the Windows 3.1 Guide under  
Printers/Setup; in Windows 95/98/NT click Help  
and choose Troubleshooting Printers.  
Try printing from another program to eliminate the  
possibility of a hardware conflict.  
Voltage Event Recorder  
The voltage readings of the recorder differ on  
different meters. A recorder reads voltage in  
average RMS. Some manufacturers’ meters may  
have a True RMS display.  
Date and/or time are not correct. The recorder  
uses the PC’s internal clock to reference the time of  
downloaded data. Set the PC’s internal clock to the  
current time. The Windows 3.1 User’s Guide, under  
System Time and Date, will explain this procedure;  
in Windows 95/98/NT click Help, time, and  
changing your computer’s time. Make sure that  
the time format is either 24-hour or AM/PM, not  
both.  
37  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Two recorders have different transient readings  
on the same circuit. Locally generated transients  
can carry relatively little power. One recorder can  
absorb some of the energy leaving less for the next  
one to read.  
VER Records long periods of large NG swell.  
The VER is plugged into a convenience outlet that  
has been wired with the hot and neutral lines  
reversed.  
VER does not record any data. The VER does  
not record events while communicating. Make sure  
that you stop the realtime display. The VER will be  
ready to record events in 8-16 seconds.  
Technical Support  
If you are experiencing problems with your recorder  
system, please contact your local dealer or an  
authorized Fluke service center. (See under “Service  
Centers” in the front of this manual.)  
38  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Chapter 6  
Power Quality Issues  
Power Quality Background  
Why Is It Such a Concern?  
Many people blame the power utility for degrading  
power when, in most cases, the problem is caused by  
poor power distribution within a facility. Equipment such  
as computers, TVs, phone systems, alarm systems,  
process controls and even the heating, ventilation and  
air conditioning system in your building use  
microprocessor technology to function. As a result, you  
must ensure that your electrical environment has good  
power to ensure reliable system operation.  
Studies have found that most power line disturbances  
are caused by the equipment being operated inside a  
building and that few are utility generated. Lightning,  
wildlife, and human contact with transmission lines are  
the major contributors to power line disturbances on the  
distribution grid.  
Major causes of power line disturbances in a building  
are:  
Overloaded circuits  
Power factor correction capacitors  
Fast switching of large loads  
Incorrect or poor wiring connections  
The Effects of Poor Power Quality within Your  
Organization  
Power line disturbances can cause far more trouble  
than just equipment damage. By looking at it from a cost  
perspective, one can see that there is a far larger loss  
from poor power quality.  
39  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
For example, more than likely your business uses  
microprocessor-based systems. If these devices are  
continually affected by voltage disturbances, they can  
be damaged and cause a shutdown. The downtime will  
result in financial losses.  
Power quality monitoring should be considered an  
integral part of any maintenance program. Continual  
monitoring is an easy way to determine whether your  
power quality is adequate. It can also help predict your  
future power quality requirements.  
Common Questions about Power Quality  
Why Not Use a Meter and Check?  
Determining whether a power quality problem exists is  
very difficult with traditional meters and scopes. The  
difficulty is that they cannot tell you what has happened  
in the past. In addition, power quality problems occur  
faster than the blink of an eye. Many power quality  
problems result from various types of incompatible  
equipment operating simultaneously. Equipment such  
as air conditioning units, heavy machinery and office  
equipment are the major culprits. Because buildings are  
wired with numerous circuits, traditional methods of  
pinpointing the source of power conflicts are almost  
useless. Data logging can tell you where your problems  
occur, at what time, and how often.  
Why Not Buy a Protection Device?  
Protection devices such as constant voltage  
transformers, UPS’s and transient protection devices  
may not provide the correct protection for the types of  
problems that are occurring on your power line. The  
only way to know what type of protection device is  
required is to analyze the nature of the power line  
disturbances.  
For instance, there are many UPS’s at different price  
ranges, each claiming to offer some protection. But  
some UPS’s cause more problems than they solve.  
Outfitting your entire electrical environment with power  
quality enhancing devices could cost a large amount of  
money not to mention extended downtime. Data logging  
your electrical environment before and after choosing a  
correction method is the only way to find out whether  
you have chosen the best method.  
40  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Power Quality Issues  
Power Quality Definitions and Standards  
6
Power Quality Definitions and  
Standards  
Power Line Disturbance Definitions  
Disturbance-Free Voltage  
Common Power Line Disturbances  
Many terms are used to describe power line  
disturbances. Below are some graphic examples of  
power line disturbances recorded by a recorder followed  
by definitions of the terms.  
41  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Sag An operating voltage of 90% of nominal volts or  
less  
Swell More than one cycle above 10% of nominal  
Dropout Power loss of 1 ms to 1 s  
Outage More than 1 s of power loss  
Positive Transient A momentary overvoltage of 4 ms  
or less  
Negative Transient A momentary undervoltage of 4  
ms or less  
Frequency Variation ± 1Hz of the fundamental  
frequency (50 or 60Hz)  
How Bad is Bad?  
Manufacturers of electrical equipment may specify  
requirements for power quality. The tolerances below  
are general and do not apply to all manufacturers of  
sensitive electronic equipment. Generally, sensitive  
equipment (computers) can operate within the following  
voltage tolerances:  
Swells  
Up to 10% above nominal continuously  
Up to 30% above nominal for less than 0.5 seconds  
Sags  
Down to 10% below nominal continuously  
Down to 30% below nominal for less than 0.5  
seconds  
Down to 0 volts for 4 ms (acceptable but not  
recommended)  
Transients  
Not to exceed ± 150% of sine voltage for more than  
0.2 ms  
Frequency Variation  
± 1Hz  
The CBEMA Curve  
The Computer Business Equipment Manufacturers  
Association (CBEMA) has published a susceptibility  
graph detailing how various types of power line  
disturbances affect sensitive electronic equipment (see  
below).  
42  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Power Quality Issues  
Causes and Effects of Poor Power Quality  
6
Although this graph does not apply to all equipment, it  
does apply to a vast amount of equipment in the  
marketplace.  
Causes and Effects of Poor Power  
Quality  
Causes of Poor Power Quality  
Swells  
Shutdown of heavily loaded equipment  
Abrupt power restoration  
Utility switching  
Sags  
Abrupt increase in load  
Dropouts/Outages  
Lightning  
Outdoor contact with transmission lines  
Ground Faults  
Equipment failures  
Acts of nature  
Transients  
Switching loads on and off  
Utility switching  
Lightning  
Normal computer operation  
Fault clearing  
Power factor correction capacitors  
43  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Frequency Variation  
Major load increases  
Utility switching  
How Power Line Disturbances Affect Your  
Equipment  
Depending on their degree and frequency, power line  
disturbances can cause corrupted data or permanent  
damage in sensitive electronic equipment. The following  
list shows the effects that power line disturbances can  
have on various types of sensitive electronic equipment.  
Swells  
Discomfort from flickering lights  
Computer damage  
Degradation of power protection equipment  
Sags  
Equipment shutdown  
Power-down circuitry in power supply operates  
incorrectly  
Computer lock-ups  
Diminished speed of disk drives (data errors)  
Dropouts/Outages  
Data loss  
Equipment downtime  
Computer lock-ups  
Clock timing errors  
Transients  
Electronics damage (through bypassing protection  
circuitry)  
Insulation breakdown in transformers and motors  
Data errors, data loss  
Frequency Variation  
Incorrect clock timing  
Writing errors in any electronic writing device  
(magnetic tapes, disk drives)  
44  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Power Quality Issues  
Performing a Power Quality Study  
6
Performing a Power Quality Study  
Developing a Power Quality Monitoring  
Program  
A power quality monitoring program is a simple, useful  
process that helps determine the best method for  
assessing an electrical environment’s power quality.  
Before you monitor power quality, develop a monitoring  
plan. the plan should define the duration and location of  
your power quality studies. Here are a few basic steps  
to developing a power quality study.  
Developing a Power  
Quality Monitoring Program  
Define Location  
Network  
Server  
Administration  
Area  
Production  
Area  
Tolerance  
Setpoint  
Tolerance  
Setpoint  
Tolerance  
Setpoint  
Duration  
Duration  
Duration  
Jan. May Oct.  
Mar. July Dec.  
Feb. June Nov.  
Sample Power Quality Monitoring Program  
45  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Developing a Location Plan  
Depending on the size of the organization, number of  
departments, and importance of certain locations, note  
the priority locations. The location plan may change  
throughout the power quality study as clues may direct  
you to a possible problem location.  
Developing a Tolerance Plan  
Thresholds should reflect the equipment being used.  
Even a heavy piece of machinery such as a CNC  
machine may be considered sensitive since it has  
electronic circuits.  
The default settings function in EventView software is  
adequate for most sensitive loads. Some equipment  
may require tighter tolerances. If so, use the tolerances  
provided by the manufacturer of the equipment.  
Developing the Study Duration Strategy  
In order to determine how long to monitor the site,  
determine the organization’s workload cycle. A workload  
cycle is the duration of production, whether it is a  
product or service. A site should be monitored over the  
entire workload cycle.  
Another consideration is the workload cycle vs. the time  
of day, month or season. At 10:00 AM the organization  
may be using all of its equipment at once. Air  
conditioners tend to operate more often in the summer  
months and space heaters tend to operate in the winter  
months. This, in conjunction with your organization’s  
workload cycle, can cause equipment conflicts  
throughout the year. To determine a workload cycle,  
answer the questions that are appropriate for your  
study.  
Manufacturing How long does it take to produce a run  
of your product?  
Services How often do you provide your service (daily,  
seasonally)?  
Administration How does your staffing or workload  
vary (monthly, seasonally)?  
Finalizing the Power Quality Monitoring Plan  
The key to finalizing the power quality monitoring plan is  
to publish and assign responsibility for it. The power  
46  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Power Quality Issues  
Performing a Power Quality Study  
6
quality monitoring program will help make the  
organization more productive and will possibly save  
money.  
Final Note  
This is only one strategy that can verify power quality.  
Different situations may call for different strategies in  
order to investigate and solve power quality concerns.  
47  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Now That I Have This Information, What Do I  
Do with It?  
There are two ways to solve most power line  
disturbances: either rewire the electrical system to  
separate the sensitive loads from the problem  
branches, or place a number of UPS’s or other  
protection devices in mission critical areas. The problem  
with using a UPS is it may introduce more disturbances  
downstream of the electrical system as it may use a  
switch mode power supply. A UPS is only a temporary  
solution. The real problem is probably located  
somewhere in your electrical distribution system. Poor  
wiring, poor connections, poor load distribution or  
improper grounding may be the problem.  
When trying to solve power line disturbances, consider  
the following:  
The power requirements of the sensitive electronic  
equipment  
The severity of the problem  
The effectiveness of each possible type of power  
conditioner  
the performance/price relationship  
Repetitive / Cycling Events  
These types of events are usually caused by  
incompatible loads on a circuit. HVAC systems, laser  
printers, and large motors may cause conflicts when  
they cycle. These types of conflicts occur because the  
building’s electrical demand has increased, and there is  
no one responsible for monitoring the load on the  
system until there is a problem. Moving sensitive loads  
to a separate circuit may solve this problem.  
Unrepetitive / Isolated Events  
These types of disturbances are usually caused by the  
location of the organization. If you are in an area where  
there is lightning, high winds, or if the equipment is  
being used only occasionally, simple power line  
conditioners and filters may help to protect most of the  
equipment. Many power line disturbances are easy and  
inexpensive to prevent (depending on their frequency  
and magnitude).  
48  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
Power Quality Issues  
Performing a Power Quality Study  
6
The following power conditioning suggestion chart is  
useful for choosing an adequate protection device for  
unrepetitive power line disturbances.  
Transient/  
Swell  
Power Line  
Filter  
Uninterruptible  
Power Supply  
Protector  
Transients  
Swells  
X*  
X*  
X
X
X
X
X
X
Sags  
Outages  
* Used only when transients and swells are moderate in  
quantity or else damage may occur to the power protection  
device.  
When considering a protection device, make sure that it  
covers the entire operating range. It is a waste of money  
buying a protection device rated to remove transients of  
up to 1000 volts if you have recorded transients of more  
than this.  
The difference between power line filters and protectors  
is that filters can catch fast transients of high  
magnitudes. Filters tend to be more expensive than  
protectors.  
The information you receive from your recorder will  
enable you to make an informed decisions about  
protection devices.  
Please note that this appendix is not a comprehensive  
study of power quality, nor does it attempt to provide all  
solutions to power quality problems.  
Power quality is a complex issue. It may be necessary  
to make additional measurements such as: line current  
levels, harmonic content, and distortion using other  
power quality diagnostic equipment.  
49  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
VR101S  
Users Manual  
50  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Chapter 7  
VR101 Specifications  
The following specifications are valid only when the  
Voltage Event Recorder is plugged into a grounded  
standard convenience outlet and when the LED  
indicates correct polarity.  
Specifications subject to change without notice.  
Equipment Ratings  
Model number VR101/xx3  
Nominal Supply:  
Operating Range:  
120V  
70 to 140V  
Operating Frequency: 50/60Hz  
Power: 2W  
Model numbers VR101/xx1, /xx4, /xx5, and /xx7  
Nominal Supply:  
Operating Range:  
240V  
140 to 270V  
Operating Frequency: 50/60Hz  
Power: 3W  
51  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Plug Configurations  
Back view of country versions  
L = LINE  
N = NEUTRAL  
E = EARTH  
52  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
VR101 Specifications  
Equipment Ratings  
7
Memory Size:  
32kB, 4000 events  
Storage Method:  
First-in First-out, or Fill-then-  
stop  
Sampling Method:  
Alarm Type:  
Continuous (half cycle  
integrated)  
Optical; red LED slowly blinks  
when there are events stored in  
memory.  
Polarity Detection:  
Polarity Indication:  
Within 8 s after plugging in.  
Red LED lights steadily during 8  
to 16 seconds if polarity is OK.  
Red LED quickly blinks during 8  
to 16 seconds if improper  
polarity.  
Size:  
85mm x 68mm x 35mm  
(3.35 in x 2.65 in x 1.35 in)  
120g (4 oz)  
Weight:  
Operating Limits:  
-40 to 160 °F (-40 to 70 °C)  
(excluding Optical Interface  
Cable)  
0 to 95% RH (non-condensing)  
15,000 feet (4.57 km) altitude.  
3.6V Lithium (non-replaceable)  
Battery:  
Expected Battery Life: 7 years (provided that maximum  
battery care is taken, see under  
“Battery Care” on page 5)  
Fuse:  
1/16A Fast-blow (non-  
replaceable)  
53  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Sag, Swell & Outage Measurement  
Hot to Neutral  
Model number VR101/xx3  
Range:  
0 to 200Vrms  
±2Vrms*  
Accuracy:  
Resolution:  
1Vrms  
Model numbers VR101/xx1, /xx4, /xx5, and /xx7  
Range:  
0 to 270Vrms  
±4Vrms**  
2Vrms  
Accuracy:  
Resolution:  
Neutral to ground  
Model number VR101/xx3  
Range:  
3 to 150Vrms  
Accuracy:  
Resolution:  
±2Vrms  
1Vrms  
Model numbers VR101/xx1, /xx4, /xx5, and /xx7  
Range:  
3 to 150Vrms  
±2Vrms  
Accuracy:  
Resolution:  
1Vrms  
*
sags less than 70V for > 1s will be reported as 0V  
** sags less than 140V for > 1s will be reported as 0V  
54  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101 Specifications  
Transient Measurement  
7
Transient Measurement  
Range  
Hot to Neutral:  
Neutral to Ground: 50 to 2500Vpeak  
100 to 2500Vpeak  
Accuracy:  
±10% of reading + 10V  
10V  
Resolution:  
Width Detection: 1 µs minimum  
Phase Angle  
Range:  
20° to 180°, 200° to 360°  
Accuracy:  
Resolution:  
±1°  
1°  
Frequency Measurement  
Range:  
45 to 65Hz  
Accuracy:  
Resolution:  
±0.1Hz (3 cycles minimum)  
0.1Hz  
55  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Time Measurement  
Events <1 s(econd)  
Accuracy  
Hot to Neutral:  
±0.5 cycle*  
±1 cycle**  
Neutral to Ground:  
Resolution  
Hot to Neutral:  
0.5 cycle  
Neutral to Ground:  
Clock accuracy:  
1 cycle  
±2 s/day  
Timer counter capacity  
4.25 year (24 bit counter,  
resolution 8 seconds)  
*
Outages are reported with ½ cycle resolution until the  
VER goes into low power mode. A VER will go into the  
low power mode after approximately one second of an  
outage condition. In low power mode, the resolution  
becomes 8 seconds.  
Swell, sag, and frequency events have ½ cycle  
resolution up to approximately 10 minutes after which  
the resolution becomes 8 seconds.  
**  
Neutral to Ground swells have 1 cycle resolution up to  
approximately 10 minutes after which the resolution  
becomes 8 seconds.  
56  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101 Specifications  
Approvals  
7
Approvals  
Safety: This device is safety approved by CSA  
and CSA(NRTL/C) for measurements on  
300V CAT III, Pollution Degree 2, double  
insulation, per:  
UL3111-1 (1994)  
IEC1010-1 (1990)  
CSA C22.2 No. 1010.1 (1992)  
EN61010-1 (1993)  
Environmental: MIL-T-28800E, Type III, Class 3  
EMC:  
FCC rules part 15.  
89/336/EEC  
Emission:  
Immunity:  
EN50081.1  
EN50082.2  
(IEC1000-4-2, -3, -4, -5)  
57  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Declaration of Conformity  
for  
Fluke VR101  
Voltage Event Recorder  
Manufacturer  
Fluke Industrial B.V.  
Lelyweg 1  
7602 EA Almelo  
The Netherlands  
Statement of Conformity  
Based on test results using appropriate standards,  
the product is in conformity with  
Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 89/336/EEC  
Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC  
Sample tests  
Standards used:  
EN 61010.1 (1993)  
Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for  
Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use  
EN 50081-1 (1992)  
Electromagnetic Compatibility.  
Generic Emission Standard:  
EN55022 and EN60555-2  
EN 50082-2 (1992)  
Electromagnetic Compatibility.  
Generic Immunity Standard:  
IEC1000-4 -2, -3, -4, -5  
The tests have been performed in a  
typical configuration.  
This Conformity is indicated by the symbol  
,
i.e. “Conformité européenne”.  
58  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
 
-A-  
Approvals, 57  
-B-  
Bar graph, 29  
Battery care, 5  
-C-  
CBEMA Curve, 42  
Changing graph styles, 33  
COM port  
selecting, 12  
-D-  
Date and Time, setting, 10  
Declaration of Conformity, 58  
Default threshold settings  
changing, 15  
viewing, 15  
Displaying events, 23  
-E-  
Electromagnetic Compatibility, 58  
Equipment Ratings, 51  
Event Distribution Graph, 31  
Events  
displaying, 23  
printing, 34  
retrieving, 19  
saving, 20  
59  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
VR101S  
Users Manual  
Events tab  
End Time/Duration/Degree Column, 27  
Event column, 24  
Events # column, 24  
Extreme column, 27  
Start Time column, 24  
-F-  
Flash When Data Available, 15  
Frequency Measurement, 55  
Frequency variations, 14, 27  
-G-  
Graph Control dialog box, 33  
-L-  
Logger Information, viewing, 16  
-O-  
Opening a saved file, 21  
Optical Interface Cable, connecting, 11  
Options, choosing operating .., 15  
Outages, 26  
Overwrite Oldest Events When Full, 15  
-P-  
Polarity Indication, 4  
Power quality, 39  
common questions, 40  
definitions and standards, 41  
performing a study, 45  
Printing events, 34  
-Q-  
Quick Summary, 29  
-R-  
Realtime Readings, viewing, 16  
Retrieving events from a Voltage Event Recorder, 19  
-S-  
Safety inspection, 5  
Safety Precautions, 3  
Safety Requirements, 58  
Sags, 14, 25  
Saving events, 20  
60  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Index (continued)  
Scan button, 12, 19  
Sending setup to a Voltage Event Recorder, 17  
Single Transient Graph, 30  
Site Description, 16  
Site Report Window, opening, 12  
Software  
equipment required, 7  
installing, 8  
setting the time and date, 10  
starting the program, 11  
Specifications, 51  
Stop Recording When Full, 15  
Swell, Sag & Outage Measurement, 54  
Swells, 13, 25  
-T-  
Thresholds, setting, 13  
Time and Date, setting, 10  
Time Measurement, 56  
Transient Measurement, 55  
Transients, 13, 25  
Troubleshooting  
Optical Interface Cable, 35  
printers, 37  
Voltage Event Recorder, 37  
-V-  
Voltage Event Recorder  
battery care, 5  
electrical immunity, 5  
features, 1  
plugging in, 3  
specifications, 51  
61  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
VR101S  
Users Manual  
62  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  

Extron electronic Car Satellite TV System MTP R 15HD RSA D User Manual
Extron electronic Power Supply TSC 100 User Manual
Faber Ventilation Hood AXIA ISOLA User Manual
Fellowes Laminator Lunar 125 User Manual
Fisher Price Baby Toy B1837 User Manual
Fisher Price Baby Toy W9901 User Manual
Frigidaire Microwave Oven FFMV152CL User Manual
Gentek Scale 3940201 User Manual
GE Outboard Motor LM10 User Manual
Global Machinery Company Drill BN18SB User Manual