A New Direction In Cutting-Edge Technology
DIREC TIO N™ SP B- SERIES
S E R V I C E A N D R E F E R E N C E
M A N U A L
Contents
Preface.............................................................................................................................ix
Abbreviations...................................................................................................................xi
System Overview .......................................................................................................... 1-2
System Board................................................................................................................ 1-5
Processor.................................................................................................................. 1-5
Chipset..................................................................................................................... 1-6
PCI Local Bus.......................................................................................................... 1-6
Expansion Bus .................................................................................................. 1-6
BIOS........................................................................................................................ 1-6
CMOS Memory/Real-Time Clock Battery................................................................ 1-7
IDE Ports ................................................................................................................. 1-9
Sound System........................................................................................................... 1-9
Modem Board (optional) ..............................................................................................1-10
Hard Drive ...................................................................................................................1-10
CD-ROM/DVD Drive ..................................................................................................1-10
Power Supply...............................................................................................................1-10
Power Management......................................................................................................1-11
BIOS Setup Utility ........................................................................................................ 2-2
When to Use Setup................................................................................................... 2-2
Legend Bar............................................................................................................... 2-5
Selecting a Menu Item.............................................................................................. 2-5
Getting Help............................................................................................................. 2-5
Peripheral Configuration Submenu.................................................................... 2-7
IDE Configuration Submenu............................................................................. 2-8
DMI Event Logging Submenu..........................................................................2-11
Video Configuration Submenu.........................................................................2-11
Resource Configuration Submenu ....................................................................2-12
Security Menu.........................................................................................................2-12
Power Menu............................................................................................................2-13
Contents iii
Hard Drive Submenu .......................................................................................2-14
Removable Devices Submenu ..........................................................................2-14
Exit Menu ...............................................................................................................2-15
System Requirements ..............................................................................................2-16
Processor Serial Number .........................................................................................2-16
FAQs ......................................................................................................................2-16
Errata ......................................................................................................................2-18
General Rules................................................................................................................ 3-2
Access Cover Removal.................................................................................................. 3-3
Expansion Board Installation.................................................................................... 3-6
DIMM Removal......................................................................................................3-10
Device Slots ............................................................................................................3-12
Device Preparation ..................................................................................................3-12
Diskette Drive Signal Cable.............................................................................3-14
Cabling an Accessible 5 1/4-Inch Device .........................................................3-16
Storage Device Installation......................................................................................3-17
Removing the Front Panel................................................................................3-17
Replacing the Front Panel ................................................................................3-24
RS-232C Device Connection...................................................................................3-26
System Cleaning....................................................................................................... 4-3
Mouse Cleaning ....................................................................................................... 4-3
Beep Codes .............................................................................................................. 4-9
iv Contents
Disassembly.................................................................................................................. 5-3
Standard 3 1/2-Inch Hard Drive Removal ................................................................. 5-8
Fan Assembly Removal............................................................................................ 5-9
Input/Output Facilities...................................................................................................A-3
Expansion Slots.............................................................................................................A-4
Device Slots ..................................................................................................................A-4
Weight ..........................................................................................................................A-6
Power............................................................................................................................A-6
Power Supply (Primary) ................................................................................................B-6
DIMM Sockets............................................................................................................B-10
AGP Connector...........................................................................................................B-11
ISA Expansion Bus Connectors...................................................................................B-13
PCI Expansion Bus Connectors ...................................................................................B-15
Universal Serial Bus (USB) Connectors.......................................................................B-16
Contents v
System Resource Information........................................................................................C-2
Jumper Settings .............................................................................................................C-3
Clearing Your Password...........................................................................................C-4
vi Contents
List of Figures
Front Features – Desktop Models.......................................................................................... 1-2
Rear Features – Desktop Models........................................................................................... 1-3
Audio Connectors – Desktop Models .................................................................................... 1-3
Front Features – Minitower Models....................................................................................... 1-4
Rear Features – Minitower Models........................................................................................ 1-4
Audio Connectors – Minitower Models................................................................................. 1-5
Main Setup Menu.................................................................................................................. 2-3
Releasing the Cover .............................................................................................................. 3-4
Aligning the Tabs ................................................................................................................. 3-5
Locating Expansion Slots...................................................................................................... 3-6
Removing the Slot Cover ...................................................................................................... 3-7
Installing a Board.................................................................................................................. 3-8
Removing a DIMM..............................................................................................................3-10
Installing a DIMM ...............................................................................................................3-11
Locating Device Slots ..........................................................................................................3-12
System Board Cable Connectors ..........................................................................................3-13
Diskette Drive Signal Cable.................................................................................................3-14
IDE Signal Cable.................................................................................................................3-15
Power Cable Connectors......................................................................................................3-15
Connecting IDE Device Cables............................................................................................3-16
Connecting an Accessible 5 1/4-Inch Device........................................................................3-17
Releasing the Front Panel.....................................................................................................3-18
Locating the Device Cage Screw..........................................................................................3-18
Locating Device Slots ..........................................................................................................3-19
Removing the Bracket Screws..............................................................................................3-20
Aligning the Holes and Tabs................................................................................................3-20
Securing the Drive ...............................................................................................................3-21
Inserting the Device.............................................................................................................3-21
Removing the Blank Panel...................................................................................................3-22
Installing the Device ............................................................................................................3-24
Locating the Parallel Port.....................................................................................................3-25
Locating the Serial Ports ......................................................................................................3-26
Locating the Mouse Ball Cover............................................................................................. 4-4
Locating the Battery.............................................................................................................4-10
Removing a Board ................................................................................................................ 5-4
Releasing the Front Panel...................................................................................................... 5-4
Locating the Device Cage Screw........................................................................................... 5-5
Locating the Two Diskette Drive Clips.................................................................................. 5-6
Removing the 5 1/4-Inch Device Screws............................................................................... 5-7
Removing the Bracket Screws............................................................................................... 5-7
Removing the Securing Screw............................................................................................... 5-8
Removing the Drive.............................................................................................................. 5-8
Removing a DIMM............................................................................................................... 5-9
Removing the Power Supply Screws ....................................................................................5-10
Removing the System Board Screw......................................................................................5-11
Direction SP B-Series Desktop Illustrated Parts Breakdown .................................................5-14
Direction SP B-Series Minitower Illustrated Parts Breakdown..............................................5-17
System Board Expansion Slot, Memory, and I/O Connectors ................................................B-3
System Board Connectors and Jumper...................................................................................B-3
Locating the Jumper..............................................................................................................C-3
Contents vii
List of Tables
System Memory Map............................................................................................................ 1-7
Interrupt Level Assignments ................................................................................................. 1-8
DMA Assignments................................................................................................................ 1-8
Setup Key Functions............................................................................................................. 2-5
Sample Memory Configurations............................................................................................ 3-9
NEC CSD Service and Information Telephone Numbers....................................................... 4-2
Problems and Solutions......................................................................................................... 4-5
Beep Code Descriptions........................................................................................................ 4-9
Disassembly Sequence.......................................................................................................... 5-2
Direction SP B-Series Desktop Field-Replaceable Parts List ................................................5-12
Direction SP B-Series Minitower Field-Replaceable Parts List.............................................5-15
System Board Connectors .....................................................................................................B-2
System Board Internal Connectors ........................................................................................B-4
System Board Connector Numbers and Types.......................................................................B-4
RS-232C Serial Port Connector Pin Assignments ..................................................................B-5
Parallel Port Connector Pin Assignments...............................................................................B-5
Primary Power Supply Connector Pin Assignments...............................................................B-6
Keyboard and Mouse Connector Pin Assignments.................................................................B-7
Front Panel Connector Pin Assignments................................................................................B-7
Diskette Drive Connector Pin Assignments ...........................................................................B-8
IDE/PCI Connector Pin Assignments ....................................................................................B-9
DIMM Socket Pin Assignments ..........................................................................................B-10
AGP Connector Pin Assignments........................................................................................B-11
ISA Expansion Slot Pin Assignments..................................................................................B-13
PCI Expansion Slot Pin Assignments ..................................................................................B-15
USB Connectors .................................................................................................................B-16
System Board Jumper Settings ..............................................................................................C-3
viii Contents
Preface
This service and reference manual contains technical information necessary for
servicing and repairing Direction™ SP B-Series systems. The manual includes
system setup information, procedures for installing options, and troubleshooting.
The manual is written for NEC CSD-trained customer engineers, system
analysts, service center personnel, and dealers.
The manual is organized as follows:
Section 1 — Technical Information, provides an overview of the computer
features, hardware design, interface ports, and internal devices.
Section 2 — Utilities, includes procedures for configuring the system through
the Setup utility program and information on the Intel® Processor Serial Number
Control utility.
Section 3 — Option Installation, provides installation procedures for adding
optional expansion boards, diskette and hard drive storage devices, and system
memory.
Section 4 — Maintenance and Troubleshooting, includes recommended
maintenance information, lists possible computer problems and their solutions,
and has battery replacement procedures.
Section 5 — Disassembly and Reassembly, includes computer disassembly
and reassembly procedures.
Appendix A — System Specifications, provides a list of the system
specifications including dimensions, weight, environment, safety compliance,
power consumption, and memory.
Appendix B — Connector Pin Assignments, provides a list of the internal and
external system board connector pin assignments.
Appendix C — System Resources, includes information on IRQ settings and
system board jumpers.
Preface ix
Abbreviations
A
ampere
DMAC
DOS
DMA controller
AC
AT
alternating current
disk operating system
dynamic RAM
DRAM
ECC
advanced technology
(IBM PC)
error checking and correction
extended data output
Enhanced Graphics Adapter
BBS
BCD
BCU
BIOS
bit
Bulletin Board Service
binary-coded decimal
BIOS Customized Utility
basic input/output system
binary digit
EDO
EGA
EPROM erasable and programmable
ROM
EVGA
Enhanced Video Graphics
Array
BUU
bpi
BIOS Upgrade Utility
bits per inch
F
Fahrenheit
FAX
FCC
facsimile transmission
bps
bits per second
Federal Communications
Commission
C
capacitance
C
centigrade
FG
frame ground
Cache
CAM
high-speed buffer storage
FM
frequency modulation
fast page
constantly addressable
memory
FP
FRU
FSB
GB
field-replaceable unit
front side bus
CAS
column address strobe
CD/ROM compact disk-ROM
gigabyte
CG
character generator
Color Graphics Adapter
Color Graphics Board
channel
GND
HEX
HGA
Hz
ground
CGA
CGB
CH
hexadecimal
Hercules Graphics Adapter
hertz
clk
clock
IC
integrated circuit
identification
cm
centimeter
ID
CMOS
complementary metal oxide
semiconductor
IDE
IDTR
intelligent device electronics
COM
CONT
CPGA
CPU
communication
interrupt descriptor table
register
contrast
in.
inch
ceramic pin grid array
central processing unit
digital-to-analog converter
DMA acknowledge
direct current
INTA
IPB
IR
interrupt acknowledge
illustrated parts breakdown
infrared
DAC
DACK
DC
IRR
ISA
Interrupt Request register
Industry Standard
Architecture
DIP
dual in-line package
Divisor Latch Address bit
direct memory access
DLAB
DMA
ISR
I/O
In Service register
input/output
xi
PLL
p-p
phase lock loop
peak-to-peak
IPC
integrated peripheral
controller
ips
inches per second
interrupt request
kilo (1024)
PPI
programmable peripheral
interface
IRQ
K
PROM
QFP
programmable ROM
quad flat pack
k
kilo (1000)
KB
kg
kilobyte
RAM
random-access memory
kilogram
RAMDAC RAM digital-to-analog
converter
kHz
lb
kilohertz
RAS
RGB
RGBI
ROM
rpm
R
row address strobe
red green blue
red green blue intensity
read-only memory
revolutions per minute
read
pound
LED
LSB
LSI
M
light-emitting diode
least-significant bit
large-scale integration
mega
mA
max
MB
MDA
MFM
milliamps
RTC
R/W
S
real-time clock
read/write
maximum
megabyte
slave
Monochrome Display Adapter
SCSI
Small Computer System
Interface
modified frequency
modulation
SG
signal ground
MHz
mm
megahertz
SIMM
SPM
SRS
SVGA
SW
single inline memory module
standard page mode
Sound Retrieval System
Super Video Graphics Array
switch
millimeter
ms
millisecond
MSB
NASC
most-significant bit
National Authorized Service
Center
NC
not connected
TAC
TSC
TTL
tpi
Technical Assistance Center
Technical Support Center
transistor/transistor logic
tracks per inch
NMI
ns
Non-maskable Interrupt
nanosecond
NSRC
National Service Response
Center
USB
V
universal serial bus
volt
PAL
PC
programmable array logic
personal computer
Vac
volts, alternating current
volts, direct current
PCB
PCI
printed circuit board
Vdc
VESA
Peripheral Component
Interconnect
video electronics standards
association
PDA
PFP
personal digital assistant
plastic flat package
parallel input/output
picture element
VFC
VESA-compliant feature
connector
PIO
VGA
VRAM
W
Video Graphics Array
video RAM
watt
pixel
PLCC
plastic leaded chip carrier
xii
The section provides an overview of the NEC Direction™ SP B-Series
computers. Information includes:
an overview of system features
description of system components.
System Overview
NEC Direction SP B-Series systems support the Intel® Pentium® II processor
with MMX™ technology. The following figures show system features on the
front and rear of the desktop and minitower systems. The subsections that
follow provide more detailed information on system features.
Front Features – Desktop Models
A – Power Lamp
C – Disk Lamp
E – Diskette Drive
B – Power Button
D – Reset Button
F – CD-ROM/DVD Drive
1-2 Technical Information
Rear Features – Desktop Models
A – Power Socket
B – Mouse Port
C – Parallel Port
E – USB Ports
D – Keyboard Port
F – Serial Port 1
G – Serial Port 2
I – Video Connector
H – Audio Connectors
Audio Connectors – Desktop Models
A – MIDI/Game Port
C – Line In Jack
B – Line Out Jack
D – Microphone Jack
Technical Information 1-3
Front Features – Minitower Models
A – CD-ROM/DVD Drive
C – Power Lamp
E – Disk Lamp
B – Diskette Drive
D – Power Button
F – Reset Button
Rear Features – Minitower Models
A – Power Socket
C – Keyboard Port
E – Serial Port 1
G – Audio Connectors
I – Parallel Port
B – Mouse Port
D – USB Ports
F – Serial Port 2
H – Video Connector
1-4 Technical Information
Audio Connectors – Minitower Models
A – Line Out Jack
B – Line In Jack
C – Microphone Jack
D –MIDI/Game Port
System Board
The system board contains most of the components that provide system
functions. The following subsections provide a description of these components.
Processor
The system board uses a 350-MHz, 400-MHz, or 450-MHz Intel Pentium II
processor or a 500-MHz Intel Pentium III processor. All use MMX technology.
The MMX processor improves audio, video, and 3D graphics performance.
Each processor is packaged in a Single Edge Contact (SEC) cartridge that plugs
into the system board’s slot 1.
System Cache/Memory
To use the processor’s power, the system features an optimized 64-bit memory
interface and provides support for a second level cache to complement the
processor’s internal cache.
High-performance features include:
pipeline 32-bit addressing
64-bit data
512-KB of pipeline burst secondary cache; direct mapped write-back and
write-through organization.
The system comes with 32 to 384 MB of main system memory. Three sockets
on the system board support up to 384 MB of high-speed memory using
industry-standard gold-plated dual in-line memory modules (DIMMs).
The system supports PC100-MHz Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM) only.
Technical Information 1-5
The system supports the following DIMM configurations:
4-Mbit by 64 (32-MB DIMM)
8-Mbit by 64 (64-MB DIMM)
16-Mbit by 64 (128-MB DIMM).
Chipset
The Intel 440BX chipset provides DMA, memory, and bus control. The chipset
includes the following chips:
Intel 82443BX PCI/AGP (PAC)
provides bus-control signals, address
paths, and data paths for transfers between the processor’s host bus, PCI
bus, Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP), and main memory.
Intel 82371EB PCI ISA IDE Xcelerator (PIIX4E)
implements the
PCI-to-ISA bridge, PCI IDE functionality, Universal Serial Bus (USB)
host/hub functions, and enhanced power management.
PCI Local Bus
The 32-bit industry-standard PCI bus is a highly-integrated input/output (I/O)
interface that offers the highest performance local bus available for the Pentium
II processor. The PCI bus supports burst modes that send large chunks of data
across the bus, allowing fast displays of high-resolution images.
The high-bandwidth PCI local bus eliminates data bottlenecks found in
traditional systems, maintains maximum performance at high clock speeds, and
provides a clear upgrade path to future technologies.
The PCI bus contains two embedded PCI devices: the PCI local bus IDE
interface and the PCI video/graphics controller. The PCI bus also contains a
connector for attaching the bus expansion board.
Expansion Bus
The expansion bus contains one ISA slot, three PCI slots, one PCI/ISA slot, and
one AGP video slot. The PCI ISA IDE Xcelerator chip (PIIX4E) provides the
logic that enables the ISA bus functions. With 24-bit memory addressing, a
16-bit data path, and an 8-MHz clock, the ISA bus is designed to support all
peripherals compatible with the IBM® AT™ standard. For PCI functions, the
Xcelerator chip provides 32-bit memory addressing, 32-bit data path, and a
33-MHz clock speed.
BIOS
The BIOS (Basic Input Output System) is stored in the Flash EPROM. The
Flash EPROM is reprogrammable and allows fast, economical BIOS upgrades.
The system memory map is shown in the following table.
1-6 Technical Information
System Memory Map
Memory Address
Size
Function
100000-18000000
E8000-FFFFF
E0000-E7FFF
383 MB
96 KB
32 KB
Extended memory
System BIOS
System BIOS (available as
UMB)
C8000-DFFFF
96 KB
Available high DOS memory
(open to ISA and PCI bus)
A0000-C7FFF
00000-9FFFF
160 KB
640 KB
Video memory and BIOS
Conventional memory
Plug and Play Support
The system comes with Plug and Play BIOS technology. Plug and Play
eliminates complicated setup procedures for installing Plug and Play expansion
boards.
To add a Plug and Play expansion board, simply power off the system, install
the board, and power on the system. There are no jumpers to set and no system
resource conflicts to resolve. Plug and Play automatically configures the board
for the system. The system also supports non-Plug and Play boards.
Plug and Play is controlled by the Plug and Play BIOS and the system’s
operating system. The Plug and Play BIOS is stored in the Flash EPROM on the
system board.
The Plug and Play BIOS adds several steps to the POST process. During POST,
the Plug and Play evaluates the configuration of installed boards and assigns
available system resources to the devices. On completion of Plug and Play
POST, the operating system checks to see if there are any additional resources
required, then assigns available resources to the devices.
CMOS Memory/Real-Time Clock Battery
The 82371EB PCI ISA IDE Xcelerator (PIIX4E) on the system board stores
system information in non-volatile CMOS memory. The chip also contains the
system’s real-time clock. Both are maintained by a 3-volt coin cell lithium
battery on the system board. The battery is replaceable.
DMA/IRQ Settings
The system automatically configures, with minimal user intervention, interrupt
requests (IRQ), direct memory access (DMA) channels, and other parameters
when adding PCI boards.
The following tables list system IRQ and DMA default settings.
Technical Information 1-7
Interrupt Level Assignments
IRQ
System Resource
NMI
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
I/O channel check
Reserved, interval timer
Reserved, keyboard controller
Reserved, cascade interrupt from slave PIC
COM2*
COM1*
LPT2 (Plug and Play option)/audio/user available
Diskette drive
LPT1*
Real-time clock
Reserved
USB/user available
Windows Sound System*/user available
PS/2 mouse port (if present, else user available)
Reserved, numeric processor
Primary IDE (if present, else user available)
Secondary IDE (if present, else user available)
* Default; setting can be changed.
DMA Assignments
DMA
Resource
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
Audio
Audio/parallel port
Diskette drive
ECP parallel port/audio
Reserved, cascade channel
Available
Available
Available
1-8 Technical Information
IDE Ports
The system board provides two fast IDE ports: primary channel and secondary
channel.
Each port supports two devices for a total of four IDE devices. The system
board allows the connection of an IDE CD-ROM drive for system configuration
flexibility without the addition of a controller.
The IDE ports feature an enhanced IDE interface which supports up to 16.7 MB
per second 32-bit wide data transfers on the high-performance PCI local bus.
The standard hard drive and Zip® drive (in some systems) are connected to the
primary channel. The CD-ROM drive is attached to the secondary channel.
I/O Ports
The system board features an enhanced parallel port, two buffered high-speed
serial ports, and two Universal Serial Bus (USB) ports.
The enhanced parallel port supports Enhanced Capabilities Port (ECP) and
Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP) modes for devices that require ECP or EPP
protocols. These protocols allow high-speed bi-directional transfer over a
parallel port and increase parallel port functionality by supporting more devices.
The two buffered high-speed serial ports use a fast 16C550 UART which
supports transfer rates up to 115.2 kilobits (Kb) per second. These ports allow
the installation of high-speed serial devices for faster data transfer rates.
The two USB ports allow additional new plug and play serial devices without
removing the system cover. Simply plug the USB device into the port. The
speed varies between 12 megabits per second (Mbps) for printers and 1.5 Mbps
for mice and keyboards. Up to 127 USB devices can be connected to the
computer.
The combination of the enhanced parallel port, buffered serial ports, and USB
ports ensure optimum performance for future peripheral devices and operating
systems.
Sound System
The system board features the Yamaha® DS1-L PCI accelerator and Analog
Devices AD1819A SoundPort codec. The chips provide the following:
32-voice XG wavetable
3D stereo enhancement
Support for DirectX
Full-duplex audio
PC/PCI support for legacy DMAC emulation.
Technical Information 1-9
The optional AWE64D PCI sound board replaces the integrated audio system. It
provides FM synthesis and 64 simultaneous voices.
Modem Board (optional)
Optional modem boards include: U.S. Robotics® 56-Kbps V.90 x2-capable
Winmodem, U.S. Robotics 56-Kbps V.90 x2-capable Sportster, and the
Diamond Supra 56i K56Flex V.90 PCI modem. Each modem board contains fax
and modem capabilities. The Winmodem provides only fax and modem
capabilities. The other two boards provide modem, fax, full-duplex
speakerphone, and voicemail capabilities. Each board provides receive transfer
rates of 56-Kbps (kilobytes per second) for data and 14.4-Kbps for fax.
Diskette Drive
The system comes standard with a 1.44-MB high-density diskette drive
preinstalled in the 3 1/2-inch accessible device slot (drive A). The drive is
connected to the system board via a two-connector cable.
Hard Drive
The system supports up to three IDE hard drives: the standard hard drive and
two optional hard drives (if a Zip drive does not come standard with the
system).
CD-ROM/DVD Drive
The CD-ROM or DVD drive can be used to load programs from a CD or it can
be used to play audio CDs. The drive operates at different speeds depending on
whether the CD contains music or data. The drive is fully compatible with
Kodak Multisession Photo CDs™ and standard CDs.
The drive is connected to the secondary IDE/PCI port on the system board.
Zip Drive
Some systems come with the Iomega® Zip 100 ATAPI drive. The Zip drive
features removable 100-MB data disks and has a data transfer rate up to 1.4 MB
per second.
Power Supply
The 235-watt power supply is mounted inside the system unit. It supplies power
to the system board, option boards, diskette drives, hard drives, keyboard, and
mouse. A fan inside the power supply provides system ventilation. The power
supply has several cables for attaching to the various devices requiring power.
1-10 Technical Information
Power Management
The Advanced Power Management (APM) program, located on the 82371EB
PCI ISA IDE Xcelerator (PIIX4E) chip, reduces system power consumption
when there is no activity detected from the keyboard, mouse, diskette drive,
CD-ROM/DVD drive, or hard drive after a predefined period of time. As soon
as activity is detected, the system resumes where it left off.
In the CMOS Setup utility, an inactivity timer is available for setting the length
of time before the system enters a low-power mode.
Technical Information 1-11
This section provides information on configuring the computer. The section
includes information on the
BIOS Setup Utility for configuring the system
Intel Processor Serial Number Control utility for enabling or disabling the
Pentium III processor serial number (for Pentium III based systems only).
BIOS Setup Utility
The BIOS Setup utility is used to configure the main components of the
computer. The system ships from the factory with the correct system parameters
for the configuration. Unless adding optional hardware, it’s usually not
necessary to run the BIOS Setup utility. However, it might be necessary to run
the BIOS utility to set features that customize the system, such as setting the
time and date or setting security features.
System configuration information is stored in nonvolatile memory. A
nonvolatile memory device retains its data when system power is turned off.
Nonvolatile memory is a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)
chip backed up by a battery on the system board. The battery supplies
continuous power to CMOS memory and maintains configuration information
when system power is off.
When to Use Setup
The Setup utility allows the user to view and set system parameters. Use the
Setup utility program to:
set the time and date.
update or check system parameters when adding or removing expansion
options.
change or set power management features.
correct a hardware discrepancy when the Power-On Self-Test (POST)
displays an error message and a prompt to run Setup.
check the installation of optional memory by comparing the amount of
memory installed with the amount of memory displayed by Setup.
change certain system operating parameters, such as boot device
sequence and keyboard parameters.
configure system connections for peripherals such as the diskette drive,
hard drives, and devices connected to the printer port and serial port.
customize the system with security features such as passwords.
set system parameters after replacing the CMOS battery.
2-2 Utilities
How to Start Setup
To start the Setup utility, follow these steps:
1. Turn on or reboot the system.
2. Press F2 after POST begins, but before the system boots up. You have about
five seconds to press F2.
Setup’s Main Menu window appears similar to the following screen.
Note: The screen shown is typical of a system. The
actual settings on the Main Menu depend upon the hardware
installed in the system.
Main Setup Menu
How to Use Setup
The Setup utility has a Main Menu window and six top-level menus with
submenus.
The Main Menu window contains the following areas:
A title line
the top line of the Main Menu. This line displays the Setup
utility name and copyright message.
The menu bar
the line under the Setup title line. The menu bar
contains six top-level menus to set system parameters.
Utilities 2-3
A Main Menu summary window the area on the left side of the screen.
This area provides a summary of Main Menu Setup parameters. Some
Main Menu parameters can be set from this window or they can be set
from submenus.
The help and navigation window
the area on the right side of the
screen. This area provides help information for the Setup option currently
selected. The navigation keys provide a summary of commands available
for making selections.
The General Help window
a window that appears any time during
Setup after pressing F1. This help window provides general information
about using Setup.
The following subsections describe how to use the Main Menu window to set
system parameters.
Menu Bar
The menu bar at the top of the Main Menu window lists these menus:
Main Use the Main menu for basic system configuration. For example,
select “Main” to verify processor type and speed and to set the system
time and date. Use this menu to check memory parameters.
Advanced
Use the Advanced menu to set serial port and printer port
addresses and interrupts, diskette drive, and hard drive parameters, and to
enable/disable the system’s IDE and diskette drive interfaces.
The Advanced menu also provides submenu items for setting keyboard
features, video configurations, and DMI event logging.
Security Use this menu to set User and Administrator Passwords and
the Unattended Start feature.
Power — Use the Power menu to set power management parameters.
Boot — Use this menu to set boot options.
Exit
Exits the Setup utility with various save or discard options.
A Maintenance Menu appears when the system is in configure mode. See
“Jumper Settings” in Appendix C for information on putting the system in
configure mode. This menu allows you to change the processor speed and to
clear user and administrator passwords.
To select an option from the menu bar, use the left and right arrow keys. See
“Exiting Setup” in this section for a description on exiting the Main Menu.
2-4 Utilities
Legend Bar
Use the keys listed in the legend bar on the bottom of the Setup menu to make
the selections or exit the current menu. The following table describes the legend
keys and their alternates.
Setup Key Functions
Key
Function
F1 or Alt-H
Esc
Provides help for the parameter field being displayed.
Exits the menu.
Selects next menu.
← or → arrow keys
Moves cursor up and down for item selection.
↑ or ↓ arrow keys
Home or End
PgUp or PgDn
F5 or -
Moves cursor to top or bottom of window.
Moves cursor to top or bottom of window.
Selects the previous value for a field.
F6 or + or Space
F9
Selects the next value for a field.
Loads the default configuration values for the current menu.
Saves the current values and exits Setup.
Executes a command or selects submenu.
F10
Enter
Selecting a Menu Item
To select a menu item, use the up/down arrow keys to move the cursor to the
desired field. Then press Enter. The Exit Saving Changes command in the Exit
Menu saves the values currently displayed in all the menus.
Displaying a Submenu
To display a submenu, use the up/down arrow keys to move the cursor to the
desired submenu. Then press Enter. A pointer (a right-pointing triangle) marks
all selectable submenus.
Getting Help
A Field Help window or Item Specific Help window on the right side of each
menu displays the help text for the currently selected Setup option. It updates as
the cursor moves to each new field.
Pressing F1 on any menu brings up the General Help window that describes the
legend keys and their functions.
Press Esc to exit the current window.
Utilities 2-5
Main Menu
This section describes the Main Menu parameters. Other menu parameters are
available by selecting submenus. Use the arrow keys to move the cursor to a
parameter and press Enter to select a submenu. Items with lighter text are not
available.
BIOS Version
This field displays your system’s BIOS version number.
Processor Type
This field displays your computer’s processor type, including the
Pentium III processor (if installed).
Note: Windows incorrectly identifies the Pentium III
processor as a Pentium II or Pentium Pro on the General tab
of the Windows System Properties sheet. This does not
effect the performance of the Pentium III processor. The
BIOS correctly detects the Pentium III processor at startup.
Check for a patch to fix the identification in the General tab
at Microsoft’s website (www.microsoft.com) or the NEC CSD
website (www.nec-computers.com).
Processor Speed
This field displays your processor’s speed.
System Memory and Memory Banks 0 - 2
This field displays the total amount of memory installed on your system
board and in which banks the memory is installed.
Language
This field displays the current default language used by the BIOS.
ECC Configuration
This field specifies ECC memory operation.
L2 Cache ECC Support
This option allows error checking on data accessed from the L2 cache.
System Time and Date
These two fields specify the correct time and date. To change them, press
Tab to highlight the field you want to change, then press the + or – keys
to change the setting.
To return to the Main Menu, press Esc. To move to the Advanced Menu, press
the right arrow key.
2-6 Utilities
Advanced Menu
This section describes the Advanced Menu parameters. Other menu parameters
are available by selecting submenus. Use the arrow keys to move the cursor to a
parameter and press Enter to select a submenu. Items with lighter text are not
available.
Plug & Play O/S
This option lets you specify whether the operating system or system
BIOS will handle the Plug and Play. Choose “Yes” or “No.”
Reset Configuration Data
This option clears the BIOS configuration data on the next boot. The
options include “No” or “Yes.”
NumLock
This option controls whether the NumLock key on the keyboard is on or
off at boot up. The choices are “Auto,” “On,” or “Off.”
Peripheral Configuration Submenu
This submenu can be used to configure your system’s ports or peripheral
devices. To enter the submenu, highlight this field, then press Enter. The
following options appear:
Serial Port A/Serial Port B
These options let you configure your system’s Serial Port A or Serial
Port B. You can choose “Auto,” “Enabled” (default), or “Disabled.” The
“Enabled” default setting is 3F8h, IRQ4. Note that if you set a specific
serial port address, it does not appear in the list of options for the other
serial port.
!
CAUTION
An asterisk symbol appearing next to an option indicates
that the selected IRQ is set to conflict with another device.
Note: If you select the Enabled option, you can see
additional options that allow you to specify the Base I/O
address and IRQs for the port you are configuring.
Parallel Port
This option configures the system’s Parallel Port. Choose “Auto,”
“Enabled” (default), or “Disabled.” The “Enabled” default setting is
LPT1, 378h, IRQ7.
Note: If you select the Enabled option, you can see
additional options that allow you to specify the Base I/O
address and IRQs for the port you are configuring.
Utilities 2-7
Mode (Parallel Port)
This option sets the mode for the parallel port. The options include
“Output Only” (AT-compatible mode), “Bidirectional” (PS/2-compatible
mode), “EPP” (Extended Parallel Port – high speed bidirectional), and
“ECP” (Enhanced Capabilities Port – high speed bidirectional).
!
CAUTION
An asterisk symbol appearing next to an option indicates
that the selected IRQ is set to conflict with another device.
Audio
This option configures the onboard audio system. Select “Enabled”
(default) or “Disabled.”
Legacy USB Support
This option configures support for legacy USB devices. Select “Enabled”
or “Disabled.”
To return to the Advanced Menu, press Esc.
IDE Configuration Submenu
This submenu can be used to auto-configure or manually configure IDE devices,
usually hard drives or CD-ROM drives. Depending on the system purchased, the
available options may include “User,” “Auto” (default), “CD-ROM,” “ATAPI
Removable,” “Other ATAPI,” “IDE Removable,” or “None.”
The standard hard drive (drive C) shipped with the system is configured as
“Primary IDE Master.” The standard CD-ROM drive is configured as
“Secondary IDE Master.”
Note: Jumpers on the IDE device must be set to the
master or slave device (see the documentation that comes
with the device).
IDE Controller
This option configures the system’s integrated IDE controller. Select
from “Primary,” “Secondary,” “Both” (default), or “Disabled.”
Hard Disk Pre-Delay
This option sets the time delay to allow the hard drive to spin up. The
choices in seconds are “3,” “6,” “9,” “12,” “15,” “21,” and “30.”
These entries let you check or change the following hard drive parameters. They
are not available if “Auto” is selected.
Maximum Capacity
This field displays the maximum capacity of your hard drive, a value
based on the number of cylinders, heads, and sectors.
2-8 Utilities
Multi Sector Transfers
This option determines the number of sectors per block for multiple
sector transfers. If necessary, check the specification for your hard drive
to determine the best setting for optimum drive performance. The options
include:
2 Sectors
4 Sectors
8 Sectors
16 Sectors
Disabled.
LBA Mode Control
This option specifies the LBA mode control. You can enable or disable
(default) this option. This option cannot be changed when “Auto” is
selected.
!
CAUTION
Do not change the translation mode setting from the option
selected when the hard drive was formatted. Changing the
option after formatting can corrupt data!
Transfer Mode
This option specifies the method for transferring data between the hard
drive and system memory. This option cannot be changed when “Auto” is
selected. The options include:
Standard
Fast PIO 1
Fast PIO 2
Fast PIO 3
Fast PIO 4
FPIO 3/DMA 1
FPIO 4/DMA 2.
Utilities 2-9
Ultra DMA
This option sets the Ultra DMA Mode for the hard drive. This option
cannot be changed when “Auto” is selected. The options include:
Mode 0
Mode 1
Mode 2
Disabled.
To return to the Advanced Menu, press Esc.
Floppy Options Submenu
This submenu can be used to configure your system’s diskette drives. To enter
the submenu, highlight the Floppy Options field, then press Enter. Select
Floppy Disk Controller, Diskette A:, and Floppy Write Protect options.
Floppy Disk Controller
This option configures the system’s diskette drive controller. Select
“Enabled” (default) or “Disabled.”
Diskette A:
These fields specify the capacity and physical size of Diskette Drive A.
To change these, highlight the field for the drive, press Enter and select
from the following options:
Disabled
360KB, 5.25 inch
1.2MB, 5.25 inch
720KB, 3.5 inch
1.44/1.25 MB, 3.5 inch (default)
2.88 MB, 3.5 inch.
Floppy Write Protect
This option enables or disables write protection for the diskette drive(s).
Choose the desired setting to enable or disable this option.
To return to the Advanced Menu, press Esc.
2-10 Utilities
DMI Event Logging Submenu
This submenu can be used to view and modify DMI Event Logs. To enter the
submenu, highlight the DMI Event Logging field, then press Enter. The
following options appear:
Event Log Capacity/Event Log Validity
These fields indicate whether space is available in the Event Log and
whether the contents of the log are valid.
View DMI Event Log
If there are no event logs stored, you cannot access this log.
Clear All DMI Event Logs
This option clears the DMI Event Log after rebooting the system. Choose
“No” (default) or “Yes.”
Event Logging
This option enables logging of DMI events. Choose “Disabled” or
“Enabled” (default).
ECC Event Logging
This option enables logging of ECC events. Choose “Disabled” or
“Enabled” (default).
Mark DMI Events as Read
This option is used to mark off all DMI Events as read. If necessary,
press Enter to access the Confirmation dialog box and confirm your
preference.
To return to the Advanced Menu, press Esc.
Video Configuration Submenu
This submenu can be used to configure specific video features. To enter the
submenu, highlight the field, then press Enter. The following options appear:
Palette Snooping
This option controls the ability of a primary PCI graphics controller to
share a common palette with an ISA add-in video board. Select
“Enabled” or “Disabled” (default).
AGP Aperture
This option specifies the aperture size for the AGP video controller. The
choices are “64 MB” and “256 MB.” The default size is “64 MB” for the
AGP video controller.
Default Primary Video Adapter
This option specifies the type of video board used for the boot display
device.
.
To return to the Advanced Menu, press Esc
Utilities 2-11
Resource Configuration Submenu
This option allows you to reserve specific resources for use by legacy ISA
devices. To enter the submenu, highlight this field, then press Enter. The
following options are displayed:
Memory Reservation Submenu
This option lets you configure memory blocks for use by legacy ISA
devices. When selected, the submenu displays a list of addresses from
which specific addresses can be selected. Use the arrow (cursor) keys to
highlight an upper memory block, then press Enter. Select “Available”
(default) or “Reserved” with the cursor keys, then press Enter to change
the setting.
To return to the Resource Configuration submenu, press Esc.
IRQ Reservation Submenu
This option lets you reserve specific IRQs (interrupt requests) for use by
legacy ISA devices. To do so, highlight this field, then press Enter. Use
the arrow (cursor) keys to highlight the specified IRQ, then press Enter.
Select “Available” (default) or “Reserved” with the arrow keys, then
press Enter to change the setting.
!
CAUTION
An asterisk symbol appearing next to an option indicates
that the selected IRQ is set to conflict with another device.
To return to the Advanced Menu, press Esc twice. Then press the right arrow
(cursor) key to move to the Security Menu.
Security Menu
The Security Menu can be used to set a user password and/or an administrator
password.
A User Password controls access to the system and Setup Utility program at
boot up. If the User Password feature has been enabled, you need to enter your
User password correctly whenever you boot the system before you can use it.
An Administrator Password controls access to the BIOS and Setup Utility
program. If the Administrator Password feature has been enabled, an
Administrator password must be entered correctly before all options in the Setup
Utility program are available (for example, to disable password protection).
The Unattended Start feature allows the system to boot up and run but the
keyboard and mouse are both locked. You must enter the User Password to use
the keyboard and mouse.
Press the right arrow (cursor) key to move to the Power Menu.
2-12 Utilities
Power Menu
The Power Menu is used to enable or disable the system’s power management
features. When the power management option is enabled, the following options
appear in the Power Menu:
Power Management
This feature lets you enable or disable BIOS power management.
Inactivity Timer
The Inactivity Timer lets you set the length of time that the system needs
to be inactive before entering its low-power or Standby mode. The low-
power mode powers down various devices in the system until you resume
using it. You can select from “Off,” or intervals from 1 to 120 minutes. A
setting of 1 minute achieves maximum power savings, while a setting of
120 minutes allows maximum time before the system enters its low-
power mode.
Hard Drive
This option controls whether or not a spin down command is issued to the
hard drives when the system goes into a low-power mode. Your choices
are “Enabled” (default) or “Disabled.”
VESA Video Power Down
This option controls power to the monitor during the low-power modes.
Your choices are “Disabled” or “Enabled.”
Fan Always On
This option controls the fan when the system is in a power-managed state.
Your choices are “Yes” or “No.”
Press the right arrow (cursor) key to move to the Boot Menu.
Boot Menu
The Boot Menu can be used to adjust the system’s boot features. The Boot
Menu features the following options:
Boot-Time Diagnostic Screen
This option controls the display of the diagnostics screen during boot.
Your choices are “Disabled” or “Enabled.”
Quick Boot Mode
This option configures the system to boot without running certain POST
tests. The choices are “Enabled”(default) and “Disabled.”
Utilities 2-13
Scan User Flash Area
This option configures the BIOS to scan the flash memory for user binary
files that are executed at boot time. The choices are “Enabled” and
“Disabled” (default).
After Power Failure
This option specifies whether or not to restore power to the system if it is
turned on and there is a power failure. The options are “Stay Off” which
keeps the power off (default setting), “Power On” which restores the
system’s power, and “Last State” which restores the previous power state.
On Modem Ring
This option specifies how the system responds when power is off and the
modem detects an incoming call. The options are “Stay Off” and “Power
On” (default).
On LAN
This option controls how the system responds to a LAN wake-up call
when power is off. The options are “Stay Off” and “Power On” (default).
First/Second/Third/Fourth Boot Device
You can select the sequence of boot devices by type. Pressing your
keyboard’s + (plus) or – (minus) key allows you to select the order. For
maximum system accessibility, Removable Device should always be set
as the First Boot Device.
Hard Drive Submenu
This submenu lists the system’s available hard drives. Your computer tries to
boot to the operating system on the first device listed on the Hard Drive
submenu. If no operating system is found, the system continues trying the drives
in the order they are listed until an operating system is located.
To see a list of available drives, highlight this field and press Enter. You can
select the boot device by pressing your keyboard’s + or – key. To exit from the
Hard Drive submenu, press Esc.
Removable Devices Submenu
This submenu lists any available removable devices (if included). One common
option is Legacy Floppy Drives. The operating system assigns drive letters to
these devices in the order listed. You can change the sequence (and drive
lettering) by highlighting this field and pressing Enter. Then press your
keyboard’s + or – key to move a device up or down the list. To exit from the
Removable Devices submenu, press Esc.
Press the right arrow (cursor) key to move to the Exit Menu.
2-14 Utilities
Exit Menu
The Exit Menu allows you to choose how to exit the Setup program. Press the
arrow (cursor) keys to select the desired option, then press Enter to make your
choice (or use the arrow key to select another one).
Exit Saving Changes
This option exits the Setup program and saves your changes to the BIOS.
Exit Discarding Changes
This option exits the Setup program without saving your changes to the
BIOS.
Load Setup Defaults
This option loads the Setup program’s default values.
Load Custom Defaults
This option loads Custom default settings.
Save Custom Defaults
This option saves your changes to Custom default settings.
Discard Changes
This option loads previous values from CMOS RAM for all BIOS
settings.
Note: If your system’s CMOS fails, the BIOS will load
custom default settings (if you’ve saved them) or factory
default settings.
Finally, press Enter again to confirm and exit the Setup program.
Intel Processor Serial Number Control Utility
The Intel Processor Serial Number Control utility is a Windows program that
enables or disables the reading of the Pentium III processor serial number by
software. This function lets you control which software programs or websites
have permission to read the processor serial number. When installed, the utility
runs automatically each time the system powers on.
Note: The Intel Processor Serial Number Control Utility
is for use with systems shipping with the Intel Pentium III
processor. Installing this utility on a system which does not
contain a Pentium III processor generates an error message.
Utilities 2-15
This utility places an icon in the Windows system tray. The icon provides a
visual status of the processor serial number. You have the option of hiding the
system tray icon. You can disable the processor serial number at any time.
However, enabling the serial number requires restarting the system.
The following information describes:
system requirements
processor serial number features
FAQs
errata
technical support.
System Requirements
The Intel Processor Serial Number Control utility requires:
a Pentium III processor-based system
Windows 95, Windows 98, or Windows NT® 4.0 (or later)
2 megabytes of hard drive space.
Processor Serial Number
The Intel processor serial number, a new feature of the Pentium III processor, is
an identifier for the processor. The processor serial number is designed to be
unique, and when used in conjunction with other identification methods, can be
used to identify the system or user. This number can be used in a wide variety of
applications which benefit from stronger forms of system and user
identification.
The processor serial number is analogous to a conventional serial number, with
these important differences:
A software application can read the processor serial number.
You can disable the reading of the serial number via utility programs
such as this one, or via the BIOS, depending on the system configuration.
For additional information about the Pentium III processor and the processor
serial number, please visit www.intel.com/pentiumiii.
FAQs
What are the benefits of the processor serial number?
You can use the processor serial number in applications which benefit from
stronger forms of system and user identification.
2-16 Utilities
Why would I want to turn off my processor serial number?
Intel believes the processor serial number can provide compelling benefits to
users. They are developing features in conjunction with the processor serial
number to allow responsible service providers to provide services which
maintain your privacy. However, if you are concerned that a given
application/service using your processor number might impact your privacy, you
can turn off the processor serial number using the utility.
What is the default state of the processor serial number?
The default state of the processor serial number is on, until the Processor Serial
Number Control utility is installed. Once the Processor Serial Number Control
utility is installed, it turns the processor serial number off by default. You can
use the utility to turn on the processor serial number.
Can a website read my serial number without my knowledge?
No, generally not. Websites cannot read serial numbers unless you allow them
to download a program which can read the processor serial number. Almost all
browsers are configured to warn users whenever they download executable
software. Unless you disable the warning in the browser, you should receive a
notification.
Does Intel track serial numbers?
Generally not, other than related to the manufacturing process. Intel does not, in
the absences of advance and express consent of a user, collect serial number
data which is otherwise identified with a user.
Which programs and/or websites currently use the processor serial
number?
You can find a complete list of programs which can take advantage of the
processor serial number and other new capabilities of the Pentium III processor
at http://www.intel.com/pentiumiii/utility.htm.
How can I tell if my processor serial number is turned on?
The vast majority of Pentium III processor-based systems ship with the
processor serial number enabled. The control utility allows you to check the
status by:
Viewing the icon itself. The disabled icon shows a red circle with a
white “x.”
Clicking the task tray icon and selecting the “Status” menu item. Or you
can select the menu from the tool tip shown when you position the mouse
over the task tray icon.
Utilities 2-17
Errata
The technical support number in the help file is incorrect. The correct telephone
number for Customer Support for Japan is 0298-47-0800 (Intel HotLine
Service).
Technical Support
For world wide 7 days a week, 24 hours a day technical support, please visit the
Intel support website at http://support.intel.com.
In the United States, call 800-628-8686 from 5:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Pacific
Standard Time.
For world wide phone contacts, please see
http://support.intel.com/support/feedback.htm.
2-18 Utilities
This section provides instructions for installing the following options:
expansion boards
memory upgrade
data storage devices
external options.
All options (except external options) require removal of the access cover.
Procedures for removing the cover are included in this section.
General Rules
Follow these general rules when installing system options.
Turn off system power and unplug the power cable.
Turn off and disconnect all peripherals.
When handling boards or chips, touch the metal of the system unit to
discharge static.
Do not disassemble parts other than those specified in the procedure.
Use a Phillips-head screw driver, unless otherwise specified.
Label any removed connectors. Note where the connector goes and in
what position it was installed.
Precautions
Take care when working inside the system and when handling computer
components. Avoid electric shock or personal injury by observing the following
warning.
!
WARNING
Before removing the access cover, turn off the power and
unplug the system power cable. Power is removed only
when the power cable is unplugged.
Static electricity and improper installation procedures can damage computer
components. Protect computer components by following the safety instructions
in this section.
!
CAUTION
Electrostatic discharge can damage computer components.
Discharge static electricity by touching a metal object before
removing the access cover.
3-2 Option Installation
Avoid carpets in cool, dry areas. Leave an option, such as a board or chip,
in its anti-static packaging until ready to install it.
Dissipate static electricity before handling any system components (for
example, boards and chips) by touching a grounded metal object, such as
the system’s unpainted metal chassis.
If possible, use anti-static devices, such as wrist straps and floor mats.
Always hold a chip or board by its edges. Avoid touching the components
on the chip or board.
Take care when connecting or disconnecting cables. A damaged cable
can cause a short in the electrical circuit. Misaligned connector pins can
cause damage to system components at power-on.
When installing a cable, route the cable so it is not pinched by other
components and is out of the path of the system unit cover. Prevent
damage to the connectors by aligning connector pins before you connect
the cable.
When disconnecting a cable, always pull on the cable connector or strain-
relief loop, not on the cable.
Access Cover Removal
The following procedure describes how to remove the access cover from the
desktop or minitower system.
!
WARNING
Before removing the access cover, turn off the power and
unplug the system power cable. Power is removed only
when the power cable is unplugged.
1.
2.
Turn off the computer.
Disconnect the keyboard, mouse, monitor, and any other external options
(such as a printer) from the rear of the computer.
Label all cables to make reinstallation easier.
!
CAUTION
Electrostatic discharge can damage computer components.
Discharge static electricity by touching a metal object before
you remove the system access cover.
3.
If the system is a minitower, place the system down on its right side.
Option Installation 3-3
4. Loosen the thumb screw at the rear of the system by turning it
counterclockwise. If you installed a lock on the back of the system, unlock
the lock and remove it.
Press the right release tab. While pressing the tab, push down and back on
the right rear of the cover. The cover slides back about a half inch.
Press the left release tab. While pressing the tab, push down and back on the
left rear of the cover. The cover slides back about a half inch.
Releasing the Cover
A – Release Tab
B – Thumb Screw
5. Lift the access cover off the system.
Access Cover Replacement
To replace the access cover, use the following procedure.
1. Gently set the access cover inside the edge of the case, taking care not to
bend the metal tabs.
2. Align the tabs on the access cover with their corresponding slots on the
system.
Insert the tabs on the edge of the access cover into their slots on the system.
3-4 Option Installation
Aligning the Tabs
A – Tabs
B – Slots
3. Slide the access cover forward to meet the front panel.
4. Tighten the thumb screw.
Note: The cover fits tightly. If it does not slide all the
way to the front panel, place one hand on the front of the
unit while you slide the cover forward from the rear.
5. Reconnect all external peripherals.
6. Plug in power cables.
Expansion Boards
Your computer’s system board features several expansion slots that can
accommodate accessory adapter boards, such as a modem board. Depending on
the system you purchased, some of these devices may be installed in your
system.
The Direction SP B-Series supports ISA Plug and Play expansion boards. Plug
and Play allows the installation of a board in an expansion slot without changing
the hardware settings. There are no system resource conflicts to resolve. Plug
and Play automatically configures the board for the system.
Industry-standard 8-bit and 16-bit ISA, and 32-bit PCI expansion boards are
supported in the system unit. ISA expansion boards can be Plug and Play or
non-Plug and Play boards.
Option Installation 3-5
PCI expansion boards run at one half the system host’s bus speed. The PCI bus
handles 32 bits of data at a time, being wider as well as faster than the standard
ISA bus. PCI boards can send and receive data much faster, thereby boosting
system performance.
Expansion Slot Locations
Your system has six expansion slots:
one ISA slot
three PCI slots
one shared ISA/PCI slot
one AGP slot.
The following figure shows expansion slot locations.
Locating Expansion Slots
A – ISA Slots
B – PCI/ISA Slot
C – PCI Slots
D – AGP Slot
Expansion Board Installation
Install expansion boards in the system as follows.
1. Remove the access cover.
2. Follow any preinstallation instructions that come with the expansion board
(such as setting switches or jumpers on the board).
3. Remove the screw securing an expansion slot cover and remove the cover.
3-6 Option Installation
Removing the Slot Cover
A – Screw
B – Slot Cover
Save the screw for installing the expansion board. Be sure to save the slot
cover for future use.
!
CAUTION
A slot cover can damage the system board or any option
board if it falls into the system. Take care to keep the slot
cover from falling when removing the screw.
If the slot cover does fall into the unit, remove it before replacing the cover.
4. Hold the board by its edges and insert it into the expansion slot.
5. Press the board firmly into the expansion slot connector. Gently rock the
board from side-to-side to seat it into the connector.
6. Insert the screw removed earlier to secure the expansion board to the support
bracket (see the following figure).
Option Installation 3-7
Installing a Board
7. Attach any cables required by the expansion board.
8. Replace the access cover.
Expansion Board Removal
Use the following steps to remove a board from the system.
1. Remove the system access cover.
2. Label and remove any cables connected to the board.
3. Remove the screw that secures the board to the support bracket.
4. Pull the board out of the connector. Gently rock the board from side-to-side
to release it from its connector.
5. Replace the access cover.
Memory Upgrade
Your system comes factory-installed with 32 MB to 384 MB of main system
memory. Memory is factory-installed in one to three 168-pin Dual In-line
Memory Module (DIMM) sockets on the system board.
Install memory in one, two, or three sockets. The memory size and speed may
vary between sockets. Single-and double-sided DIMMs are supported.
Depending on product upgrade availability, your system memory can be
upgraded to a total of 384 MB.
3-8 Option Installation
When upgrading your system memory, note the following conditions:
Be sure to use 168-pin 3.3V DIMMs with gold-plated contacts.
Bus speed of 100 MHz is supported.
Non-Error Correcting and Checking (64-bit) DIMMs are supported.
Note: Although memory size may vary, the SDRAM
DIMMs must meet the Intel 4-clock, 100-MHz, unbuffered
SDRAM DIMM specification for 64-bit SDRAM.
Use the following procedure to:
Check the memory installed in the system
Determine the DIMM configuration needed to increase memory
Identify DIMM sockets.
Note: If any cables block access to the DIMM sockets,
label and disconnect them. If any boards block access to the
sockets, remove them.
1. Locate the three DIMM sockets: J7J1–Bank 0, J6J2–Bank1, and
J6J1–Bank 2. See Appendix B to identify the sockets.
2. Use the following table to determine the DIMM configuration needed to
upgrade memory. The table provides sample memory configurations; it is
not a complete list of all memory configurations.
Sample Memory Configurations
Bank 0
Bank 1
Bank 2
Total RAM
32 MB
32 MB
64 MB
32 MB
64 MB
128 MB
64 MB
64 MB
128 MB
64 MB
64 MB
Empty
32 MB
Empty
32 MB
32 MB
Empty
32 MB
64 MB
32 MB
64 MB
64 MB
Empty
Empty
Empty
32 MB
Empty
Empty
32 MB
Empty
Empty
32 MB
64 MB
32 MB
64 MB
64 MB
96 MB
96 MB
128 MB
128 MB
128 MB
160 MB
160 MB
192 MB
Option Installation 3-9
Sample Memory Configurations
Bank 0
Bank 1
Bank 2
Total RAM
128 MB
128 MB
128 MB
128 MB
128 MB
128 MB
128 MB
128 MB
32 MB
64 MB
64 MB
64 MB
128 MB
128 MB
128 MB
128 MB
32 MB
Empty
32 MB
64 MB
Empty
32 MB
64 MB
128 MB
192 MB
192 MB
224 MB
256 MB
256 MB
288 MB
320 MB
384 MB
DIMM Removal
Use the following procedure to remove a DIMM.
!
CAUTION
Reduce static discharge by touching the system’s metal
chassis.
1. Remove the access cover.
2. Locate the DIMM sockets.
3. To remove a DIMM from its socket, press the plastic clips at the outer edges
of the socket away from the DIMM.
4. Carefully rock the DIMM to pull it from the socket.
Removing a DIMM
A – Plastic Clip
5. Store the DIMM in an antistatic bag (available at electronic supply stores) or
a cardboard box.
3-10 Option Installation
DIMM Installation
Use the following procedure to install a DIMM.
1. Remove the access cover.
2. Locate the DIMM sockets.
3. Remove any currently-installed DIMMs that are not needed. See the
previous section “DIMM Removal.”
!
CAUTION
Before installing a DIMM, reduce static discharge by
touching the system’s metal chassis.
4. To install a DIMM, align the module with an empty socket. Make sure that
the notches on the DIMM line up with the keys in the sockets.
5. Insert the DIMM into the socket. Close the plastic clips at both ends of the
socket.
Installing a DIMM
A
– Plastic Clip
6. Replace any cables or boards that may have been removed.
7. Replace the access cover.
Data Storage Devices
The system board in your computer supports the following storage devices:
standard 1.44-MB diskette drive and an optional tape backup unit
up to four IDE drives.
Option Installation 3-11
Device Slots
Your computer has seven storage device slots:
one 3 1/2-inch accessible device slot (contains the standard 1.44-MB
diskette drive)
two internal 3 1/2-inch hard drive slots (one contains the hard drive)
four accessible device slots
two accessible 5 1/4-inch device slots (one contains the standard
CD-ROM/DVD drive)
two 3 1/2-inch device slots; the lower 3 1/2-inch slot is not accessible
on the desktop model.
The following figure shows the device slot locations in the system.
Locating Device Slots
A – 3 1/2-Inch Internal Device Slot
C – 3 1/2-Inch Diskette Drive
B – Second 3 1/2-Inch Internal Device Slot
D – 3 1/2-Inch Device Slots
E – 5 1/4-Inch Accessible Device Slots
Device Preparation
Before installing a storage device in the system, follow any preinstallation
instructions that come with the device. For example, check the following:
IDE device
check the jumper settings on the device before installing it.
See the documentation that comes with the device for jumper setting
information.
An IDE device, such as an IDE hard drive or IDE CD-ROM drive,
must be set correctly as the first (master) or second (slave) device on
the IDE channel.
3-12 Option Installation
The standard IDE hard drive is set as the master device on the
primary IDE connector. The standard CD-ROM drive is the master
device on the secondary IDE connector.
Installation hardware — check to be certain you have the screws
necessary to secure the drive in an accessible drive slot.
Device Cables
The cables used for the installation of optional storage devices include:
diskette drive signal cable
IDE signal cables
system power cables.
The addition of a tape backup unit might require the replacement of the existing
diskette drive cable. The addition of an IDE device does not require the
replacement of the existing IDE cable. The existing IDE cables support two
devices on each cable.
Cable connector locations are shown in the following figure.
System Board Cable Connectors
A
C
B
– Diskette Drive Cable Connector
– Secondary IDE Cable Connector
– Primary IDE Cable Connector
Option Installation 3-13
Diskette Drive Signal Cable
A two-connector diskette drive signal cable comes attached to the system board
and to the standard 1.44-MB diskette drive.
Depending on your system, installation of an accessible device, such as a tape
backup unit, may require the replacement of the existing diskette drive signal
cable with a three-connector cable. Connect an optional 5 1/4-inch accessible
device to the middle connector on the three-connector diskette drive signal
cable.
The colored edge of the cable goes to pin 1 on the cable connector. Align the red
edge of the cable with pin 1 (the notched end) on the drive connector.
The following figure shows a three-connector diskette drive signal cable.
Diskette Drive Signal Cable
A – Connects to 1.44-MB Diskette Drive
B – Connects to Optional Tape Backup Unit
C – Connects to System Board
IDE Signal Cables
Each system comes with a three-connector IDE interface cable attached to the
primary IDE connector and the installed hard drive. A second IDE cable
connects to the CD-ROM drive and to the secondary IDE connector. In some
systems, a Zip drive also comes attached to the primary IDE cable.
The following figure shows a typical three-connector IDE cable. If the IDE
cable is not keyed with a connector tab, align the colored edge of the cable with
the pin 1 side of the drive connector.
3-14 Option Installation
IDE Signal Cable
A – Connects to System Board IDE Port
B – Connects to IDE Devices
System Power Cables
Power cables come from the power supply and are attached to the standard
storage devices. System power cables vary in length and provide connector sizes
to accommodate a variety of supported storage configurations.
Power cable connectors are keyed to fit only in the correct position. The
following figure shows the power cable connectors.
Power Cable Connectors
A – Small Power Cable Connector
B – Large Power Cable Connector
Option Installation 3-15
Device Cabling
All storage devices require a power and signal cable connection. Devices
shipped with the system are already connected. Cable optional devices as
follows.
Cabling an IDE Device
1. Connect the IDE signal cable connector to the connector on the IDE device.
Take care to prevent bending drive connector pins. Align the IDE cable
connector as shown in the following figure.
2. Locate an available power connector coming from the power supply.
3. Connect the appropriate power cable to the power connector on the IDE
device.
Connecting IDE Device Cables
A – IDE Cable
B – Power Cable
4. If installing an IDE CD-ROM drive, also connect the audio cable (see the
instructions that come with the drive).
Cabling an Accessible 5 1/4-Inch Device
1. Connect the diskette drive signal cable connector to the signal connector on
the device (see the following figure).
2. Locate an available power connector.
3. Connect the power cable to the power connector on the device.
3-16 Option Installation
Connecting an Accessible 5 1/4-Inch Device
A – Device Connector
B – Red Edge
C – Signal Cable
D – Power Cable
Storage Device Installation
The following subsections describe how to install 3 1/2-inch and 5 1/4-inch
devices. The installation procedures include:
removing the front panel
removing the CD-ROM/DVD drive
installing a 3 1/2-inch device
installing a 5 1/4-inch device
replacing the front panel.
Removing the Front Panel
Use the following procedure to remove the front panel.
1. Locate the two plastic tabs at the front of the chassis. They are indicated by
two arrows engraved on the chassis.
2. Press down on the two tabs and press in a third tab at the end of the panel to
release the panel (see the following figure).
Option Installation 3-17
Releasing the Front Panel
A – Two Release Tabs
B – Release Tab
3. Pull the panel away from the chassis.
Removing the CD-ROM/DVD Drive
If you need to remove the CD-ROM/DVD drive, you need to remove the
accessible device cage.
Use the following procedure to remove the accessible device cage.
1. Locate the screw on the front of the system between the 3 1/2-inch blank
panel and diskette drive (see the following figure). Remove the screw.
Locating the Device Cage Screw
A – Device Cable Screw
3-18 Option Installation
2. Slide the cage towards the front of the system and lift it out of the unit.
Installing a 3 1/2-Inch Device
Use the following procedure to install a 3 1/2-inch device.
1. Follow the preinstallation instructions that came with the device, such as
setting jumpers and switches.
2. Remove the access cover.
3. Remove and label any cables that interfere with installing the device.
4. Remove the front panel (see the previous section).
5. Choose the slot for the device being installed (see the following figure).
Locating Device Slots
A – 3 1/2-Inch Internal Device Slot
C – 3 1/2-Inch Diskette Drive
B – Second 3 1/2-Inch Internal Device Slot
D – 3 1/2-Inch Device Slots
E – 5 1/4-Inch Accessible Device Slots
If you are installing the device in the second 3 1/2-inch internal device
slot, remove the two screws securing the 3 1/2-inch hard drive bracket to
the front of the system unit (see the following figure).
Option Installation 3-19
Removing the Bracket Screws
A – Two Drive Bracket Screws
Slide the 3 1/2-inch hard drive bracket towards the back of the system
unit until it is free of the molded plastic.
Align the two screw holes on the hard drive with the two tabs on the
bracket (see the following figure). Slide the hard drive onto the tabs.
Aligning the Holes and Tabs
A – Hole
C – Tab
B – Tab
D – Hole
Place the hard drive into the bracket and secure with the screw.
3-20 Option Installation
Securing the Drive
Slide the bracket into the molded plastic drive slot. Secure the bracket to
the front panel with the two screws shown in “Removing the Bracket
Screws.”
If you are installing the device in the standard 3 1/2-inch internal device
slot, simply insert the drive into the opening until it is secured (see the
following figure). Secure the drive with two screws inserted into the
front of the system.
Inserting the Device
If you are installing a device in an accessible slot, go to step 6.
Otherwise, continue to step 7.
Option Installation 3-21
6. To install a 3 1/2-inch device in an accessible slot:
Remove the plastic blank panel from the selected slot by pressing the
panel tab inward and swinging the blank panel out (see the following
figure).
Removing the Blank Panel
A
– Blank Panel Tab
Use a screw driver to remove the metal slot cover by carefully pressing
it until it breaks away from the chassis.
!
CAUTION
Be careful of sharp edges!
Slide the device into the slot and secure the device.
7. Connect the device cables (see “Cabling an IDE Device”).
8. Replace the front panel.
9. Replace the access cover.
3-22 Option Installation
Installing a 5 1/4-Inch Device
Install an accessible device into the device slot as follows.
1. Follow the preinstallation instructions that came with the device, such as
setting jumpers and switches.
Note: If your 5 1/4-inch device comes with drive rails,
do not attach them. Remove any rails attached. See the
documentation that comes with the device.
2. Remove the access cover.
3. Remove the device cage (see “Removing the CD-ROM/DVD Drive”).
4. Remove and label any cables that interfere with installing the device.
5. Remove the front panel.
6. Remove the plastic blank panel. If you are installing a hard drive, keep the
panel handy.
7. Use a screw driver to remove the metal slot cover by carefully pressing it
until it breaks away from the chassis.
!
CAUTION
Be careful of sharp edges!
8. From the front of the system, slide the device, connector end first, into the
device slot.
Note: To easily access device connectors for cabling,
do not insert a 5 1/4-inch device all the way into the slot.
9. Connect the device cables (see “Cabling Storage Devices”).
10.Align the holes in the device with the holes in the chassis.
11.Secure the device with the screws that came with the device (see the
following figure).
Option Installation 3-23
Installing the Device
Note: If you removed the accessible device cage,
replace it. Secure the device cage with the screw.
12.If you installed a hard drive in the 5 1/4-inch slot, replace the plastic panel.
13.Replace the front panel.
14.Replace the access cover.
Replacing the Front Panel
To replace the front panel, follow this procedure.
1. Align the front panel’s six tabs with their corresponding slots on the system
(three of the tabs have holes, the others have prongs).
2. Press the front panel squarely into position until the tabs lock the panel in
place.
3. Replace the access cover.
4. After securing your system, reboot it and run the Setup program to set the
new configuration.
3-24 Option Installation
External Options
External connectors on the back of the system unit allow for a variety of
industry-standard options
This subsection provides the installation procedures for the most commonly
used external options, which are as follows:
parallel printer
serial device.
For other external devices, see the instructions that come with the option.
Parallel Printer
Note: Before connecting a printer to the system, be
sure the printer is set up correctly. Follow the setup
instructions that come with the printer.
Connect a parallel printer to the system as follows.
1. Turn off power to the system and printer.
2. Connect the printer cable to the printer port on the rear of the system unit
(see the following figure).
3. Secure the cable with the screws provided.
4. Connect the other end to the printer.
5. Turn on the printer and the computer.
Locating the Parallel Port
A
– Parallel Port
Option Installation 3-25
RS-232C Device Connection
Note: Before connecting a serial device to the system,
be sure the serial device is set up correctly. Follow the setup
instructions that come with the option.
1. Turn off power to the system and to the serial device.
2. Connect one end of the serial cable to one of the serial ports on the rear of
the computer (see the following figure).
3. Secure the cable with the screws provided.
4. Connect the other end to the serial device.
5. Turn on the serial device and the computer.
Locating the Serial Ports
A
B
– Serial Port 1
– Serial Port 2
3-26 Option Installation
This section provides information on maintaining and troubleshooting the
Direction SP B-Series computers.
Also included in this section are system error beep code descriptions and a
procedure for replacing the CMOS battery.
The following table lists NEC CSD service and information telephone numbers.
NEC CSD Service and Information Telephone Numbers
Service
Telephone Number
To contact the NEC CSD Direction Technical
Support Center (TSC):
In the U.S., call 1 (888) 632-2678
To order spare parts:
In the U.S., call 1 (800) 233-6321
In Canada, call 1 (800) 727-2787
To contact Customer Service about service and
contract warranty issues:
Call 1 (888) 632-9128
To log onto the NEC CSD Electronic Bulletin Board
System (BBS) to download drivers and the latest
BIOS for ROM flashing:
Call 1 (916) 379-4499
For information about NEC CSD products, call
FaxFlashSM (use the automated service to have the
latest Technical Information Bulletins sent to your
fax machine 24 hours a day):
In the U.S., call 1 (888) 329-0088
call 1 (888) FAX-0088
Outside the U.S., call 1 (916) 379-4780
To send technical questions over email:
To fax technical questions to customer support:
To access the NEC CSD website:
In the U.S., fax 1 (801) 578-5101
www.nec-computers.com
ftp.neccsdeast.com
To access the NEC CSD FTP site:
Maintenance
This subsection contains general information for cleaning and checking the
system, keyboard, mouse, and monitor.
The system, keyboard, mouse, and monitor require cleaning and checking at
least once a year, and more often if operating in a dusty environment. No other
scheduled maintenance or lubrication is required.
!
WARNING
Unplug all power cords before performing any maintenance.
Voltage is present inside the system and monitor even after
the power button is off. All voltage is removed only when the
power cord is unplugged.
4-2 Maintenance and Troubleshooting
System Cleaning
Use the following procedure for cleaning the system.
1. Power off the system and unplug all power cables.
2. Periodically wipe the outside of the system, keyboard, mouse, and monitor
with a soft, clean cloth. Remove stains with a mild detergent. Do not use
solvents or strong, abrasive cleaners on any part of the system.
3. Clean the monitor screen with a commercial monitor screen cleaning kit. Or
use a glass cleaner, then wipe with a clean lint-free cloth.
4. Local distributors and dealers may sell diskette drive head cleaning kits.
These kits contain special diskettes and cleaning solution. Do not use the
abrasive head cleaning kits (kits without cleaning solution).
Insert the diskette immediately after powering on the system, before the disk
bootup. Allow the diskette drive heads to clean for about 30 seconds.
Keyboard Cleaning
As necessary, inspect and clean the inside of the keyboard as follows.
1. Remove the eight screws holding the keyboard enclosure together.
Note: The keyboard and cable together are considered
a whole-unit, field-replaceable assembly. Therefore,
disassembly of the keyboard is necessary only when
cleaning the inside.
2. Separate the two halves of the enclosure. Clean the enclosure and keys with
a damp cloth. A small, soft-bristle brush may be used to clean between the
keys. Do not wet or dampen the keyboard’s printed circuit board (PCB). If
the PCB accidentally gets wet, thoroughly dry it before reattaching the
keyboard to the system unit.
Mouse Cleaning
Under normal conditions, the mouse has a self-cleaning mechanism that
prevents a buildup of dust or lint around the mouse ball and tracking
mechanism. Periodically, however, the mouse ball must be cleaned. Use the
following procedure to clean the mouse.
1. Unplug the mouse from the system.
2. Turn the mouse upside down and locate the mouse ball cover (see the
following figure).
3. Turn the ball cover clockwise and remove the cover.
Maintenance and Troubleshooting 4-3
Locating the Mouse Ball Cover
A – Mouse Ball Cover
4. Turn the mouse over and remove the ball.
5. Clean the mouse as follows:
Clean the mouse ball with tap water and a mild detergent, then dry it
with a lint-free cloth.
Remove any dust and lint from the mouse socket.
6. Replace the mouse ball in its socket.
7. Replace the ball cover and turn it counterclockwise until it locks in place.
Troubleshooting
This subsection provides information that helps isolate and repair system
malfunctions at the field level. Step-by-step instructions for diagnosing and
solving system hardware problems are provided. Technical support is available
at 1-888-632-2678.
If disassembly is required, see Section 5, “Disassembly and Reassembly.”
Connector pin assignments are given in Appendix B, “Connector Pin
Assignments.” Jumper settings are given in Appendix C, “System Resources.”
Diagnosing and Solving Problems
One beep indicates that the system has completed its power-on self-test (POST)
test. If intermittent beeping occurs, power off the system and try again. If the
beeping persists, see the “Beep Code Descriptions” table later in this section.
The following table summarizes problems that may develop during system
operation and lists (in sequential order) suggested corrective actions.
4-4 Maintenance and Troubleshooting
Problems and Solutions
Problem
Symptom
Solution
No power
Power lamp on computer does
not light.
Check that the power cord is plugged into
the AC connector on the computer.
Check that the other end of the cord is
plugged into a live properly grounded AC
power outlet.
Check cable connections between the
power supply and the system board.
Systematically eliminate possible shorted
boards by removing cables and expansion
boards.
Check the +5 and +12 power supply
voltages (see Appendix B, “Connector Pin
Assignments”). Measure voltages with the
system board installed.
Replace the power supply.
Replace the system board.
Power supply
malfunction
Any of the following conditions
can occur:
Perform the first four checks in the solution
for the “No power” problem in this table.
Front panel lamps out, diskette
and/or hard drives do not spin,
Check power supply voltages. Voltages
should be measured with a load on them
monitor blank, interface ports not (system board plugged in). See
working, and keyboard lamp out
and/or cannot input from the
keyboard.
Appendix B, “Connector Pin Assignments.”
Replace the power supply.
Operating system does
not boot
Intermittent beeping at power on. Check system configuration (see
Computer beeps more than once Section 2, “Setup Utility”).
and is unable to complete
bootup.
Check all jumper settings and verify that
drives are enabled (see Section 2, “Setup
Utility” and Appendix C, “System
Resources”).
Reseat DIMMs and option boards in their
connectors. Inspect system board for
dropped objects.
Remove option boards and reboot.
Replace system board.
“Invalid Configuration” message
displayed.
Press F2 to run Setup and correct the
parameters.
Replace the CMOS battery if the date and
time must be set each time the computer is
powered on.
Maintenance and Troubleshooting 4-5
Problems and Solutions
Problem
Symptom
Solution
Computer halts during loading
sequence.
Power the computer off. Check for proper
jumper settings, then power on the
computer.
Check condition of selected bootload
device (diskette or hard drive) for bad boot
track or incorrect OS files.
Try booting OS from diskette or recopy OS
files onto hard drive.
Verify correct hard drive is selected.
Diskette drive does not
work
Lamp on drive panel does not
light when diskette is loaded.
Check power and signal cable connections
between diskette drive, system board, and
power supply.
Check diskette drive jumpers.
Check diskette cable. Replace as
necessary.
Check power supply.
Replace diskette drive.
Replace system board.
Hard drive malfunction
Hard drive lamp does not light
but hard drive can be accessed.
Check cable connections between lamp
and system board.
Hard drive controller failure
message displayed.
Check that the IDE port and hard drives
are enabled in Setup.
Cannot access the hard drive.
Check signal/power connections between
hard drive, system board, and power
supply.
Check hard drive jumper settings.
Check power supply.
Check hard drive cable and hard drive.
Replace as necessary.
Replace system board (or hard disk
controller board if the system board
controller is not used).
Memory malfunction
Total memory not recognized.
Reseat DIMMs.
Systematically swap DIMMs.
Check to see if the DIMM configuration is
valid (see Section 3, “Option Installation”).
Replace DIMMs.
Replace system board.
4-6 Maintenance and Troubleshooting
Problems and Solutions
Problem
Symptom
Solution
Modem board
malfunction
No output from board.
Check interrupts (see Appendix C,
“System Resources”).
Check DMA channels (see Section 1,
“Technical Information”).
Keyboard or mouse
malfunction
Monitor has prompt, but cannot
input data.
Check that keyboard/mouse is plugged in.
Check password (see Section 2, “Setup
Utility”).
Disable password (see Appendix C,
“System Resources”).
Replace keyboard (or mouse).
Replace system board.
Monitor malfunction
Unable to synchronize display.
Adjust the monitor’s synchronization
controls.
Check that the monitor’s resolution
matches the video setting or the video
driver used.
Check that the utility is not selecting a
refresh rate/resolution that is not supported
by the monitor.
Check that the driver used matches the
capabilities of the video controller and
memory.
Wavy display.
Blank display.
Check that the computer and monitor are
not near motors or electric fields.
Press any key and move the mouse to
ensure power management has not
blanked the display.
Check that the monitor power switch is on.
Check that the monitor cable is attached to
the video connector at the back of the
system.
Check cable connections between the AC
power supply and monitor.
Adjust brightness and contrast controls on
the monitor.
Check connections between the monitor
connector and the system board.
Replace system board.
Replace monitor.
CD-ROM/DVD drive
malfunction
System power not on.
Turn system power on.
Maintenance and Troubleshooting 4-7
Problems and Solutions
Problem
Symptom
Solution
Disc tray does not open.
System power not on. Turn on system
power.
System power failed. Insert about an inch
of a straightened paper clip into the
emergency eject hole, until the tray opens.
Cannot access CD-ROM/DVD
drive.
Check that the driver software is loaded
and not corrupted.
Check signal and power connections
between the drive, system board, and
power supply.
Check the master/slave jumper settings.
Check the IDE cable. Replace as
necessary.
Check the power supply. Replace as
necessary.
Check the system board. Replace as
necessary.
No sound from CDs.
Check that speaker power is on and
volume is adjusted.
Check audio software settings.
Check the CD disc.
Check the drive audio cable. Replace as
necessary.
Replace the CD-ROM/DVD drive.
Replace the system board.
Turn system power on.
Zip drive malfunction
System power not on.
Cannot access Zip drive.
Check that the Zip drive driver software is
loaded and not corrupted.
Check signal and power connections
between the Zip drive, system board, and
power supply.
Check the master/slave jumper settings.
Check the IDE cable. Replace as
necessary.
Check the power supply. Replace as
necessary.
Check the system board. Replace as
necessary.
4-8 Maintenance and Troubleshooting
Problems and Solutions
Problem
Symptom
Solution
Communication error
No or bad data when
communicating.
Check cable connections between the
system board and device.
Check that the interface port is selected.
Test or replace the device and interface
cable (see the device documentation for
troubleshooting).
Replace the system board.
Beep Codes
During boot up, the computer performs a series of POST (Power On Self Test)
routines. A beep code may appear when an error is detected. There are fatal and
nonfatal errors. The fatal errors include BIOS, CMOS, DMA, RAM, video, and
keyboard controller errors. The nonfatal errors include timer tick interrupt,
shutdown test, unexpected interrupt in protected mode, gate A20, RAM test,
interval timer channel 2 test, clock, serial and parallel port test, numeric
processor, system board select, and extended CMOS RAM.
The following table describes the beep codes.
Beep Code Descriptions
Beeps
Description
1-2
Search for option ROMs
1-2-2-3
1-3-1-1
1-3-1-3
1-3-3-1
1-3-3-2
1-3-3-3
1-3-4-1
1-3-4-3
1-4-1-1
2-1-2-2
2-1-2-3
2-2-3-1
2-2-4-1
BIOS ROM checksum
Test DRAM refresh
Test keyboard controller
Autosize DRAM
Initialize POST memory manager
Clear 512 KB base RAM
RAM failure on address line xxxx
RAM failure on data bits xxxx of low byte of memory bus
RAM failure on data bits xxxx of high byte of memory bus
POST device initialization
Check ROM copyright notice
Test for unexpected interrupts
Test RAM between 512 KB and 640 KB
Maintenance and Troubleshooting 4-9
CMOS Battery Replacement
Remove the 3-volt lithium battery from the system board as follows.
1. Turn off and unplug the system unit and any external options connected to
the system.
!
CAUTION
Removing the battery from the system board causes the
computer to lose system configuration information. If
possible, run Setup and record the system configuration
settings before removing the battery. Use the information to
restore the system after replacing the battery.
2. Remove the system access cover.
3. Locate the battery and its socket on the system board (see the following
figure).
Locating the Battery
A
– Battery
4. Use fingers to carefully pull the battery up until it is clear to slide the battery
out of the socket.
!
WARNING
The battery can explode if it is incorrectly replaced or
improperly discarded. Use only the same type battery or an
equivalent type recommended by the manufacturer when
replacing the battery.
Lithium acts as a catalyst when exposed to water and
causes spontaneous combustion on contact. Discard used
batteries according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
4-10 Maintenance and Troubleshooting
5. With the positive (+) side facing up, press the new battery into the socket.
6. Replace the system access cover.
7. Connect external peripherals and power cables.
8. Run Setup to reconfigure system parameters (see Section 2, “Setup Utility”).
Maintenance and Troubleshooting 4-11
This section contains step-by-step disassembly procedures for the system unit.
Reassembly is the reverse of disassembly. The procedures are supported by
simplified disassembly illustrations to facilitate removal.
A Phillips-head screwdriver is the only required tool. For complete disassembly
of the system unit, follow the disassembly order listed in the following table. To
reassemble, follow the table and procedures in reverse order.
Individual disassembly procedures do not require the total disassembly of the
computer. Each of the following subsections lists the parts that must be removed
before beginning the disassembly procedure.
Disassembly Sequence
Sequence
Part
See Page
1
System access cover
Expansion board(s)
Front panel
5-3
5-3
5-4
5-5
5-5
5-6
5-6
5-7
5-8
5-9
5-9
5-9
5-10
2
3
4
Side panel
5
Device cage
6
Diskette drive
7
5 1/4-inch device
Optional 3 1/2-inch hard drive
Standard 3 1/2-inch hard drive
Fan assembly
8
9
10
11
12
13
DIMM module
Power supply
System board
When disassembling the system unit, follow these general rules.
Disconnect all peripherals.
When handling boards or chips, touch the system unit frame to discharge
static.
Do not disassemble parts other than those specified in the procedure.
Use a Phillips-head screw driver, unless otherwise specified.
Label all removed connectors. Note where the connector goes and in
what position it was installed.
On completion of any reassembly, perform a power-on self-test (see
Section 4, “Maintenance and Troubleshooting”). If a fault occurs, verify that the
reassembly was performed correctly.
5-2 Disassembly and Reassembly
!
CAUTION
When handling boards or chips, ground yourself to release
static.
Disassembly
Use the following procedures to disassemble the system unit.
Note: Unplug the power cord before disassembling the
system unit. Voltage is present inside the system unit even
after the power is off. All voltage is removed only when the
power cord is unplugged.
System Access Cover
To remove and replace the system access cover, see Section 3, “Option
Installation.”
Expansion Board Removal
Remove any installed expansion board(s) per the following steps.
1.
Remove the system access cover as described in Section 3,“Option
Installation.”
2.
3.
4.
Disconnect any cables leading from the expansion board(s).
Remove the screw that secures the board to the support bracket.
Pull the board out of the connector (see the following figure). You might
need to gently rock the board from side-to-side to release it from its
connector.
Disassembly and Reassembly 5-3
Removing a Board
Front Panel Removal
Remove the front panel from the system unit as follows.
1. Locate the two plastic tabs at the front of the chassis. They are indicated by
two arrows engraved on the chassis.
2. Press down on the two tabs and press in a third tab at the end of the panel to
release the panel (see the following figure).
Releasing the Front Panel
A – Release Tab
B – Thumb Screw
3. Pull the panel away from the chassis.
5-4 Disassembly and Reassembly
Side Panel Removal
Remove the side panel from the system unit as follows.
1. Remove the system access cover and front panel as previously described.
2. Locate the two side panel securing tabs at the front of the system.
3. Pull the tabs out and away from the system.
4. Slide the side panel towards the rear of the unit and away from the unit.
Device Cage Removal
Remove the device cage from the system unit as follows.
1. Label and disconnect any cables connected to devices in the device cage.
2. Locate the screw on the front of the system between the 3 1/2-inch blank
panel and diskette drive (see the following figure). Remove the screw.
Locating the Device Cage Screw
A – Device Cable Screw
3. Slide the cage towards the front of the system and lift it out of the unit.
Disassembly and Reassembly 5-5
Diskette Drive Removal
Remove the standard diskette drive from the system unit as follows.
1. Remove the system access cover and front panel as previously described.
2. Label and unplug the signal and power cables for the diskette drive.
3. Locate the two clips at the front of the system that secure the diskette drive.
Locating the Two Diskette Drive Clips
A – Diskette Drive Clips
4. Squeeze the two clips and pull the diskette drive out of the front of the
system.
5 1/4-Inch Device Removal
Remove an optional 5 1/4-inch device from the system unit as follows.
1. Remove the system access cover, front panel, and the device cage as
previously described.
2. Label and unplug the signal and power cables from the optional device in
the 5 1/4-inch device cage. Unplug the audio cable from an optional
CD-ROM drive.
3. Remove the screws holding the device in the cage (see the following figure).
5-6 Disassembly and Reassembly
Removing the 5 1/4-Inch Device Screws
4. Slide the device out from the front of the system unit.
Optional 3 1/2-Inch Hard Drive Removal
Remove the optional 3 1/2-inch hard drive as follows.
1. Remove the system access cover and front panel as previously described.
2. Label and unplug the hard drive power and signal cables from the hard
drive.
3. Remove the two screws securing the 3 1/2-inch hard drive bracket to the
front of the system unit (see the following figure).
Removing the Bracket Screws
A – Two Drive Bracket Screws
Disassembly and Reassembly 5-7
4. Slide the 3 1/2-inch hard drive bracket towards the back of the system unit
until it is free of the molded plastic.
5. Remove the screw on the side of the hard drive securing it to the bracket.
Removing the Securing Screw
6. Slowly pull the hard drive away from the bracket and lift the drive out of the
two securing tabs on the opposite side of the bracket.
Standard 3 1/2-Inch Hard Drive Removal
Remove the standard 3 1/2-inch hard drive as follows.
1. Remove the system access cover and front panel as previously described.
2. Unplug the hard drive power and signal cables from the optional hard drive.
3. Locate the two screws securing the 3 1/2-inch hard drive in the molded
plastic cage at the front of the system. Remove the screws.
4. Release the two plastic clips inside the plastic cage holding the drive in
place and slide the drive up and out of the cage.
Removing the Drive
A – Two Drive Screws
5-8 Disassembly and Reassembly
Fan Assembly Removal
Remove the fan assembly per the following steps.
1. Remove the system access cover (see Section 3, “Option Installation”).
2. At the rear of the system unit, press in on the two locking tabs securing the
assembly to the chassis.
3. Remove the fan by pulling it outward away from the system board.
DIMM Module Removal
Remove any optional DIMM modules from the system board as follows.
1. Remove the system access cover and any expansion boards as previously
described.
2. Press the locking clips at the ends of the socket away from the DIMM
memory module (see the following figure).
3. Gently rock the module while pulling it up from the socket.
Removing a DIMM
A – Plastic Clip
When installing a DIMM module, align the notches on the module with the keys
in the memory socket, insert the module, and press in the plastic locking clips.
Power Supply Removal
Remove the power supply as follows.
1. Remove the system access cover as previously described.
2. Label and unplug the power cable attached to the system board.
3. Label and unplug the power cables from all installed devices.
Disassembly and Reassembly 5-9
4. At the back of the system unit, remove the two screws securing the power
supply to the system unit (see the following figure).
Removing the Power Supply Screws
A – Power supply screws
5. Pull the power supply out of the system unit.
System Board Removal
Remove the system board per the following steps.
1. Remove the system access cover, expansion boards, fan assembly, and
power supply as previously described.
2. Remove and label all cables connected to the system board. Appendix B,
“Connector Pin Assignments,” provides the connector identifiers and pin
assignments for each connector.
3. Locate and remove the one screw at the rear of the unit that secures the
system board to the system unit (see the following figure).
5-10 Disassembly and Reassembly
Removing the System Board Screw
A – System Board Screw
4. Slide the system board towards the front of the unit until is clear of the metal
shielding and the alignment clips.
5. Lift the board out of the system at an angle.
6. If replacing the system board, remove any installed DIMMs from the board.
Reinstall the DIMMs on the new board.
7. Replace the access cover and reconnect all the cables. Turn the system and
monitor on and note the initial boot up screen.
If the displayed board’s processor speed does not match the actual processor,
use the following procedure to set the system’s processor speed.
Use the following steps to adjust the system’s processor speed.
1. Turn off the system and remove the access cover.
2. Locate jumper J8A1 on the system board.
3. Move the jumper block from pins 1 and 2 (normal mode) to pins 2 and 3
(configure mode).
4. Turn on the system. The Maintenance menu appears showing the processor
speed.
5. With the cursor on “Processor Speed,” press Enter. Highlight the proper
speed and press Enter.
6. Exit saving changes. A dialog box appears. Choose to save configuration
changes and exit.
7. A screen with information about the jumper appears. Turn the system off.
8. Move the jumper block from pins 2 and 3 to pins 1 and 2.
Disassembly and Reassembly 5-11
Illustrated Parts Breakdown
This section contains the NEC CSD part descriptions and the illustrated parts
breakdown (IPB) figure for the Direction SP B-Series desktop and minitower
computers.
The following table and IPB lists and illustrates the field-replaceable parts for
the desktop computer. The minitower table and IPB follow the desktop IPB.
Direction SP B-Series Desktop Field-Replaceable Parts List*
Item
Description
1
Keyboard, Ergo
2a
2b
3
32X CD-ROM drive
40X CD-ROM drive
Seagate Travan tape drive, backup
Iomega ATAPI Zip drive
4
5a
5b
5c
6
6.4-GB hard drive, IDE UDMA
10.2-GB hard drive, IDE UDMA
14.4-GB hard drive, IDE UDMA
Microphone
7
3.5-inch diskette drive
8
Speaker, internal
9
Left side cover
10
11
12
13
14a
14b
15a
15b
15c
16a
16b
16c
Top cover (access cover)
Front panel
Right side cover
Power supply - Sparkle
Altec Lansing speakers, ACS90
Altec Lansing speakers, ACS45
8-MB Video board, Diamond Stealth II G460, AGP
8-MB Video board, ATI XPERT98, AGP
16-MB Video board, Diamond Viper V550, AGP
56-Kbps modem board
56 Kbps PCI Winmodem
56 Kbps Diamond Supra V.90 PCI modem
_______
* This data was prepared April 1999. For an up-to-date listing of spare parts, please call FaxFlashSM at
1-888-329-0088 (or 1-916-379-4780 outside the U.S.) and order document 42102343.
5-12 Disassembly and Reassembly
Direction SP B-Series Desktop Field-Replaceable Parts List*
Item
Description
17
3C509C-TX network board
Diskette drive signal cable
IDE signal cable
18
19
20
Cable, audio internal, dual MPC
Microsoft IntelliPoint mouse
Retention mechanism kit
350-MHz Pentium II
21
22
23a
23b
23c
23d
24
400-MHz Pentium II
450-MHz Pentium II
500-MHz Pentium III
System board
25a
25b
25c
26
32-MB DIMM - non-parity
64-MB DIMM - non-parity
128-MB DIMM - non-parity
AC power cable
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Battery, CMOS
Active heatsink, CPU
Direction SP B-Series User’s Guide
Cable keeper cord
Heatsink bar top
5 1/4-inch drive panel
3 1/2-inch drive panel
Power LED cable
Floppy diskette drive clip-L assembly
Floppy diskette drive clip-R assembly
Phone cord cable, extension
Modem user’s guide
Tape cartridge, Seagate Travan
100 MB Zip Cartridge
* This data was prepared April 1999. For an up-to-date listing of spare parts, please call FaxFlashSM at
1-888-329-0088 (or 1-916-379-4780 outside the U.S.) and order document 42102343.
Disassembly and Reassembly 5-13
Direction SP B-Series Desktop Illustrated Parts Breakdown*
_______
* This data was prepared April 1999. For an up-to-date listing of spare parts, please call FaxFlashSM at
1-888-329-0088 (or 1-916-379-4780 outside the U.S.) and order document 42102343.
5-14 Disassembly and Reassembly
The following table and IPB list and illustrate the field-replaceable parts for the
minitower computer.
Direction SP B-Series Minitower Field-Replaceable Parts List*
Item
Description
1
AC power cable
2
Microphone
3
Microsoft IntelliPoint Mouse
Keyboard, Ergo
4
5
Cable, audio internal, dual MPC
Diskette drive signal cable
IDE signal cable
6
7
8a
8b
8c
9a
9b
9c
10
11
12a
12b
12c
12d
13
14a
14b
14c
15
16a
16b
17
18
19
20
8-MB video board, Diamond Stealth II G460, AGP
8-MB video board, ATI XPERT98, AGP
16-MB video board, Diamond Viper V550, AGP
56-Kbps modem board
56-Kbps PCI Winmodem board
56-Kbps Diamond Supra 56I V.90 PCI modem board
3C509C-TX network board
System board
350-MHz Pentium II
400-MHz Pentium II
450-MHz Pentium II
500-MHz Pentium III
Retention mechanism kit
32-MB DIMM - non-parity
64-MB DIMM - non-parity
128-MB DIMM - non-parity
Power supply - Sparkle
Altec Lansing speakers, ACS90
Altec Lansing speakers, ACS45
Left side cover
Top cover
Right side cover
Front panel
_______
* This data was prepared April 1999. For an up-to-date listing of spare parts, please call FaxFlashSM at
1-888-329-0088 (or 1-916-379-4780 outside the U.S.) and order document 42102343.
Disassembly and Reassembly 5-15
Direction SP B-Series Minitower Field-Replaceable Parts List*
Item
Description
21
Speaker, internal
22a
6.4-GB hard drive, IDE UDMA
10.2-GB hard drive, IDE UDMA
14.5-GB hard drive, IDE UDMA
32X CD-ROM drive
22b
22c
23a
23b
40X CD-ROM drive
24
Iomega ATAPI Zip drive
3.5-inch diskette drive
25
26
Seagate Travan tape drive, backup
Battery, CMOS
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Not shown
Heat sink, CPU
Direction SP B-Series User’s Guide
Cable keeper
Heatsink bar top
5 1/4-inch drive panel
3 1/2-inch drive panel
Power LED cable
Floppy diskette drive clip-L assembly
Floppy diskette drive clip-R assembly
Phone cord cable, extension
Modem user’s guide
Tape cartridge, Seagate Travan
100 MB Zip Cartridge
* This data was prepared April 1999. For an up-to-date listing of spare parts, please call FaxFlashSM at
1-888-329-0088 (or 1-916-379-4780 outside the U.S.) and order document 42102343.
5-16 Disassembly and Reassembly
Direction SP B-Series Minitower Illustrated Parts Breakdown*
_______
* This data was prepared April 1999. For an up-to-date listing of spare parts, please call FaxFlashSM at
1-888-329-0088 (or 1-916-379-4780 outside the U.S.) and order document 42102343.
Disassembly and Reassembly 5-17
This section describes system specifications.
Processor
Microprocessor
350-MHz, 400-MHz, or 450-MHz Pentium II processor or
500-MHz Pentium III processor
Clock Rate
350 MHz internally, 100 MHz FSB
400 MHz internally, 100 MHz FSB
450 MHz internally, 100 MHz FSB
500 MHz internally, 100 MHz FSB
Processor Support
32-bit addressing
64-bit data
Primary Cache
32 KB of internal write-back cache on processor
512 KB of pipeline burst cache
Secondary Cache
Processor Mounting
Processor subsystem is inserted into slot 1 on the system board.
A 242-pin edge connector is implemented on the processor board for
system board installation.
Retention Mechanism (RM) is inserted over slot 1 to act as an insertion
guide and prevent movement of processor after subsystem mounting.
For thermal protection, a heatsink is supported by a Heat Sink Support
(HSS) which is attached to the system board.
Random Access Memory
Standard Random Access Memory (RAM)
32 MB to 384 MB of 100-MHz
SDRAM installed in industry-standard DIMM sockets on system board
Total Memory support for up to 384 MB of high-speed PC100 SDRAM
DIMM type
Expansion
gold-plated, dual in-line modules (DIMMs)
expandable using the following modules:
4-Mbit by 64 (32-MB DIMM)
8-Mbit by 64 (64-MB DIMM)
16-Mbit by 64 (128-MB DIMM)
A-2 System Specifications
Read-Only Memory
Flash ROM
2 Mbit
Video Memory
Standard video memory 8 MB or 16 MB video memory on video board
Calendar Clock
Year/Month/Day/Hour/Minute/Second/.01 Second; maintained by battery
backup
Battery Type
Real Time Clock (RTC) battery
Input/Output Facilities
Integrated Industry-Standard Interfaces
Parallel
bidirectional, ECP/EPP support; one 25-pin connector
Serial two high-speed RS-232C ports using 16C550-compatible
UARTs, support transfer rates up to 115.2 Kbits per second; 9-pin
connectors
Universal Serial Bus (USB)
two USB ports, support two USB
peripherals directly to the system; with appropriate connector, each port
supports up to 127 daisy-chained devices; supports 12 megabits (Mbs)
per second
Keyboard
Mouse
PS/2-compatible, 6-pin connector (mini DIN)
PS/2 compatible, 6-pin connector (mini DIN)
IDE
dual IDE channels
two fast IDE channels
CD-ROM drive and hard drive on separate channels
support for up to 33 MB/second 32-bit transfers on PCI bus
support for a total of four IDE devices; 40-pin connectors
support for fast PIO mode 3 and mode 4, multiword DMA2, Ultra
DMA33
Diskette Drive
supports two devices, 34-pin connector
System Specifications A-3
Expansion Slots
I/O Bus
Six expansion slots
One 8-/16-bit ISA slot
PCI/ISA
Three 32-bit PCI slots
One shared ISA/PCI slot
One AGP slot
Keyboard and Mouse
Keyboard
Windows 95 enhanced, PS/2-compatible
Function Keys
12 keys, capable of up to 48 functions
numeric lock, capital lock, and scroll lock keys
standard
Status Lamps
Numeric Keypad
Separate Cursor Control Keys
standard
Mouse
PS/2®-compatible; six-pin connector
Storage Devices
Accessible Devices
3 1/2-inch, 1.44-MB diskette drive
CD-ROM/DVD drive
Zip Drive
Iomega Zip 100 ATAPI drive on some systems; removable
100-MB data disks; data transfer rate up to 1.4 MB per second
Device Slots
Seven device slots
One 3 1/2-inch accessible device slot contains the standard 1.44-MB
diskette drive
One internal 3 1/2-inch hard drive slot for the hard drive, a second
internal 3 1/2-inch hard drive slot is available for expansion
Four accessible device slots
One accessible 5 1/4-inch device slot contains the standard
CD-ROM/DVD drive
A-4 System Specifications
One accessible 5 1/4-inch device slot
Two 3 1/2-inch device slots; the lower 3 1/2-inch slot is not
accessible on the desktop model
Graphics
Video Memory – 8 MB or 16 MB
Diamond Stealth II G460 Graphics Support (with 8 MB of video
memory)
1600 by 1200 pixels, 256 colors
1280 by 1024 pixels, 256/65,000/16.7 million colors
1152 by 864 pixels, 256/65,000/16.7 million colors
1024 by 768 pixels, 256/65,000/16.7 million colors
800 by 600 pixels, 256/65,000/16.7 million colors
640 by 480 pixels, 256/65,000/16.7 million colors
Diamond Viper V550 Graphics Support (with 16 MB of video memory)
1920 by 1200 pixels, 256/65,000/16.7 million colors
1920 by 1080 pixels, 256/65,000/16.7 million colors
1600 by 1200 pixels, 256/65,000/16.7 million colors
1280 by 1024 pixels, 256/65,000/16.7 million colors
1152 by 864 pixels, 256/65,000/16.7 million colors
1024 by 768 pixels, 256/65,000/16.7 million colors
800 by 600 pixels, 256/65,000/16.7 million colors
640 by 480 pixels, 256/65,000/16.7 million colors
ATI Xpert 98 Graphics Support (with 8 MB of video memory)
1600 by 1200 pixels, 256 colors
1280 by 1024 pixels, 256/65,000/16.7 million colors
System Specifications A-5
Sound System
The system board features the Yamaha DS1-L PCI accelerator and Analog
Devices AD1819A SoundPort codec. The chips provide the following features:
32-voice XG wavetable
3D stereo
support for DirectX
full-duplex audio
PC/PCI support for legacy DMAC emulation.
The optional AWE64D PCI sound board replaces the integrated audio system. It
provides FM synthesis and 64 simultaneous voices.
Dimensions
System Unit
Height
17.1 in. (43.43 cm)
Desktop Width 6.5 in. (16.51 cm)
Minitower Width 7.8 in. (19.81)
Depth 17.3 in. (43.94 cm)
Keyboard
Height
Width
1.6 in. (4.1 cm)
19.0 in. (48.3 cm)
Depth 8.4 in. (21.3 cm)
Weight
The following weights are averages. Weights depend upon the system
configuration.
System Unit
Keyboard
27.5 lb (12.46 kg)
3.5 to 4 lb (1.6 to 1.8 kg)
Power
Universal Power Supply 235 W
Power Management
Partial- and full-power reductions, Sleep button
A-6 System Specifications
B
Connector Pin Assignments
Serial Interface Connectors
Parallel Interface Connector
Power Supply (Primary)
Keyboard and Mouse Connectors
Front Panel
Diskette Drive Interface Connector
IDE Interface Connectors
DIMM Sockets
AGP Connector
ISA Expansion Bus Connectors
PCI Expansion Bus Connectors
Universal Serial Bus Connectors
This appendix describes the system board connector pin assignments.
The following “System Board Connectors” table lists the connectors and sockets
on the system board. The table also cross-references the page numbers where
the connectors and their pinouts are described. The figures show the locations of
the connectors and sockets on the system board.
The tables following the figures list each connector by its function, number, and
type.
System Board Connectors
Connector(s)
Page Number
Parallel Interface
Serial Interface
Power Supply
Front Panel
B-5
B-5
B-6
B-7
Mouse/Keyboard
Diskette Drive
IDE
B-7
B-8
B-9
DIMM Sockets
AGP Connector
ISA Bus
B-10
B-11
B-13
B-15
B-16
PCI Bus
USB Connectors
B-2 Connector Pin Assignments
System Board Expansion Slot, Memory, and I/O Connectors
A – AGP Slot Connector
B – PCI Slot Connectors
D – ISA Slot Connector
F – DIMM Socket (Bank 1)
H – Diskette Drive Connector
J – Secondary IDE Connector
C – Shared ISA/PCI Slot Connectors
E – DIMM Socket (Bank 2)
G – DIMM Socket (Bank 0)
I – Primary IDE Connector
System Board Connectors and Jumper
A – Fan 2 Connector
C –Telephony Connector
E – Fan 3 Connector
G – Fan 1 Connector
I – Configuration Jumper
B – Auxiliary Line In Connector
D – CD Audio Connector
F – Wake-On LAN Connector
H – Power Supply Connector
J – Front Panel Connector
Connector Pin Assignments B-3
System Board Internal Connectors
Description
Connector Number
CD-ROM Audio
Auxiliary Line-in Audio
Telephony
Fan 3
J2F1
J2F2
J2F1
J3F2
Diskette Drive
PCI IDE
J8K1
J8G1, J7G1
J8M1
J4M1
J7L1
Fan 1
Fan 2
Power Supply
System Board Connector Numbers and Types
Function
Number
Type
Parallel Interface
25-pin female sub D-shell
9-pin D-shell
Serial Interface (serial ports
1 and 2)
Mouse
6-pin PS/2 style connector
6-pin PS/2 style connector
2 x 17-pin male
Keyboard
Diskette Drive
Power Supply (Primary)
DIMM Sockets
J8K1
J7L1
2 x 10-pin locking header
72 pin single inline connector
J6J1 (Bank 0)
J6J2 (Bank 1)
J7J1 (Bank 2)
IDE Interface (Primary)
IDE Interface (Secondary)
Front Panel
J8G1
J7G1
J8G3
J1L1
2 x 20-pin header
2 x 20-pin header
1 x 25-pin header
USB
Female USB stacked connector
B-4 Connector Pin Assignments
Serial Interface Connectors
Pin assignments for the serial interface port connectors are listed in the
following table.
RS-232C Serial Port Connector Pin Assignments
Pin
Signal
Description
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
DCD
Carrier detect
Receive data
Serial In#
Serial Out#
DTR#
Ground
DSR
Transmit data
Data terminal ready
Signal ground
Data set ready
Request to send
Clear to send
RTS
CTS
RI
Ring indicator
Parallel Interface Connector
Parallel interface specifications for this port conform to the IBM-PC interface.
Pin assignments for the parallel interface connector are listed in the following
table.
Parallel Port Connector Pin Assignments
Pin
Signal
Pin
Signal
1
Strobe#
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Auto feed#
Fault#
2
Data bit 0
Data bit 1
Data bit 2
Data bit 3
Data bit 4
Data bit 5
Data bit 6
Data bit 7
ACK# (Acknowledge)
Busy
3
INIT# (Initialize)
SLCT IN# (Select in)
Ground
4
5
6
Ground
7
Ground
8
Ground
9
Ground
10
11
12
13
Ground
Ground
Error
Ground
Select
Connector Pin Assignments B-5
Power Supply (Primary)
Voltages from the power supply are input to the system board through the
primary power supply connector. The following table shows the connector pin
locations and pin assignments.
Primary Power Supply Connector Pin Assignments
Pin
Signal
Pin
Signal
1
2
3
4
+3.3V
+3.3V
Ground
+5V
11
12
13
14
+3.3V
-12V
Ground
PS-ON# (Power supply
remote on/off control)
5
Ground
15
16
17
18
19
20
Ground
Ground
Ground
-5V
6
+5V
7
Ground
8
PWRGD (Power Good)
9
+5VSB
+12V
+5V
10
+5V
B-6 Connector Pin Assignments
Keyboard and Mouse Connectors
The keyboard and mouse use standard PS/2 connectors. Pin assignments are
given in the following table.
Keyboard and Mouse Connector Pin Assignments
Pin
Keyboard Connector
Mouse Connector
1
2
3
4
5
6
Keyboard Data
No connection
Ground
Mouse Data
No connection
Ground
+5V (fused)
+5V (fused)
Mouse Clock
No connection
Keyboard Clock
No connection
Front Panel
The front panel connector provides cabling for the buttons and panel LEDs
(power and hard disk). The connector pin assignments are given in the following
table.
Front Panel Connector Pin Assignments
Pin
Signal
Pin
Signal
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
HD_PWR
HDR_BLNK_GRN
HAD
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
FPSLP
IRRX
GND
GND
N/C
HDR_BLNK_YEL
GND
FPBUT_IN
FP_RESET
GND
IRTX
IR_PWR
N/C
+5V
N/C
Connector Pin Assignments B-7
Diskette Drive Interface Connector
The following table provides the pin assignments for the diskette drive interface
connector.
Diskette Drive Connector Pin Assignments
Pin
Description
Pin
Description
1
Ground
Ground
Key
2
DENSEL
3
4
Reserved
5
6
FDEDIN
7
Ground
Ground
Ground
Ground
Ground
No connect
Ground
Ground
Ground
Ground
No connect
Ground
Ground
Ground
8
FDINDX# (Index)
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
FDM00# (Motor enable A)
No connect
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
FDDS0# (Drive select A)
No connect
FDDIR# (Stepper motor direction)
FDSTEP# (Step pulse)
FDWD# (Write data)
FDWE# (Write enable)
FDTRK0# (Track 0)
FDWPD# (Write protect)
FDRDATA# (Read data)
FDHEAD# (Side 1 select)
DSKCHG# (Diskette change)
B-8 Connector Pin Assignments
IDE Interface Connector
All signal levels in the IDE interface are TTL compatible. A logic 1 is a signal
whose voltage level is between 2.0 and 5.0 V. A logic 0 is a signal measuring
between 0.00 and 0.70 V.
The two system board IDE connectors are physically identical. The following
table provides the IDE pin assignments. All signals on the Host interface have
the prefix HOST. All negatively active signals are further prefixed with a “-”
designation. All positively active signals are prefixed with a “+” designation.
IDE/PCI Connector Pin Assignments
Pin
Description
Pin
Description
1
Reset IDE
Data 7
2
Ground
3
4
Data 8
5
Data 6
6
Data 9
7
Data 5
8
Data 10
9
Data 4
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
Data 11
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
Data 3
Data 12
Data 2
Data 13
Data 1
Data 14
Data 0
Data 15
Ground
Key
DDRQ0 (DDRQ1)
I/O write#
Ground
Ground
I/O read#
Ground
IOCHRDY
DDACK0# (DDACK1#)
IRQ 14 (IRQ 15)
Address 1
Address 0
Chip select 1P# (Chip select 1S#)
Activity#
P_ALE (Cable select pullup)
Ground
Reserved
Reserved
Address 2
Chip select 3P# (Chip select 3S#)
Ground
Note: Signal names in parentheses () are for the secondary IDE connector.
Connector Pin Assignments B-9
DIMM Sockets
The following table provides the DIMM socket pin assignments.
DIMM Socket Pin Assignments
Pin
Description
Pin
Description
Pin
Description
Pin
Description
1
VSS
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
VSS
85
VSS
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
VSS
2
DQ0
DQ1
DQ2
DQ3
VDD
NC
86
DQ32
DQ33
DQ34
DQ35
VDD
CKE0
NC
3
S2
87
4
DQM2
DQM3
NC
88
DQM6
DQM7
NC (A13)
VDD
5
89
6
90
7
DQ4
DQ5
DQ6
DQ7
DQ8
VSS
VDD
91
DQ36
DQ37
DQ38
DQ39
DQ40
VSS
8
NC
92
NC
9
NC
93
NC
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
CB2
CB3
VSS
94
CB6
95
CB7
96
VSS
DQ9
DQ10
DQ11
DQ12
VDD
VSS
97
DQ41
DQ42
DQ43
DQ44
DQ45
VDD
DQ48
DQ49
DQ50
DQ51
VDD
DQ17
DQ18
DQ19
VDD
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
VDD
DQ20
NC
DQ52
NC
DQ14
DQ15
CB0
CB1
VSS
DQ46
DQ47
CB4
NC (VREF
CKE1
VSS
)
NC (VREF
)
NC
CB5
VSS
DQ21
DQ22
DQ23
VSS
VSS
DQ53
DQ54
DQ55
VSS
NC
NC
NC
NC
VDD
VDD
WE
DQ24
DQ25
DQ26
DQ27
CAS
DQM4
DQM5
NC
DQ56
DQ57
DQ58
DQ59
DQM0
DQM1
S0
B-10 Connector Pin Assignments
DIMM Socket Pin Assignments
Pin
Description
Pin
Description
Pin
Description
Pin
Description
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
NC
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
VDD
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
RAS
VSS
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
VDD
VSS
A0
DQ28
DQ29
DQ30
DQ31
VSS
DQ60
DQ61
DQ62
DQ63
VSS
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
CK2
NC
A9
CK3
NC
A10
NC (BA1)
VDD
VDD
CK0
BA0
NC (A11)
VDD
NC
SA0
SA1
SA2
VDD
SDA
SCL
VDD
CK1
NC (A12)
AGP Connector
The following table provides the pin assignments for the AGP connector.
AGP Connector Pin Assignments
Pin
Description
Pin
Description
Pin
Description
Pin
Description
A1
+12V
B1
No connect
Vcc
A34
A35
A36
A37
A38
A39
A40
A41
A42
A43
A44
A45
A46
A47
A48
Vcc3.3
AD22
B34
B35
B36
B37
B38
B39
B40
B41
B42
B43
B44
B45
B46
B47
B48
Vcc3.3
AD21
A2
No connect
Reserved
No connect
Ground
INTA#
B2
A3
B3
Vcc
AD20
AD19
A4
B4
No connect
Ground
INTB#
CLK
Ground
AD18
Ground
AD17
A5
B5
A6
B6
AD19
C/BE2#
Vcc3.3
IRDY#
A7
RST#
B7
Vcc3.3
FRAME#
Reserved
Ground
Reserved
Vcc3.3
TRDY#
STOP#
PME#
A8
GNT1#
Vcc3.3
B8
REQ#
Vcc3.3
ST0
A9
B9
+3.3V aux
Ground
Reserved
Vcc3.3
DEVSEL#
Vcc3.3
PERR#
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15
ST1
B10
B11
B12
B13
B14
B15
Reserved
PIPE#
ST2
RBF#
Ground
No connect
SBA1
Ground
No connect
SBA0
Connector Pin Assignments B-11
AGP Connector Pin Assignments
Pin
Description
Pin
Description
Pin
Description
Pin
Description
A16
A17
A18
A19
A20
A21
A22
A23
A24
A25
A26
A27
A28
A29
A30
A31
A32
A33
Vcc3.3
SBA3
Reserved
Ground
SBA5
SBA7
Key
B16
B17
B18
B19
B20
B21
B22
B23
B24
B25
B26
B27
B28
B29
B30
B31
B32
B33
Vcc3.3
SBA0
SB_STB
Ground
SBA4
SBA6
Key
A49
A50
A51
A52
A53
A54
A55
A56
A57
A58
A59
A60
A61
A62
A63
A64
A65
A66
Ground
PAR
B49
B50
B51
B52
B53
B54
B55
B56
B57
B58
B59
B60
B61
B62
B63
B64
B65
B66
Ground
SERR#
C/BE1#
Vcc3.3
AD14
AD15
Vcc3.3
AD13
AD11
Ground
AD9
AD12
Ground
AD10
Key
Key
Key
Key
C/BE0#
Vcc3.3
Reserved
AD6
AD8
Key
Key
Vcc3.3
AD_STB0
AD7
AD30
AD28
Vcc3.3
AD26
AD24
Ground
Reserved
C/BE3#
AD31
AD29
Vcc3.3
AD27
AD25
Ground
AD_STB1
AD23
Ground
AD4
Ground
AD5
AD2
AD3
Vcc3.3
AD0
Vcc3.3
AD1
SMB0
SMB1
B-12 Connector Pin Assignments
ISA Expansion Bus Connectors
The expansion slot signals, voltages, and grounds are supplied through the bus
connectors. The following table provides the pin assignments for the ISA
expansion bus.
ISA Expansion Slot Pin Assignments
Pin
Direction
Signal
Pin
Direction
Signal
A1
A2
Input
IOCHCK#
SD7
B1
B2
Ground
Reset
Ground
Input/Output
RESET
(RESDRV)
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
SD6
SD5
SD4
SD3
SD2
SD1
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
Power
Input
+5V
IRQ9
-5V
Power
Input
DRQ2
-12V
Power
Input
SRDY#
(N0WS#)
A9
Input/Output
Input
SD0
B9
Power
Ground
Output
+12V
A10
A11
IOCHRDY
AEN
B10
B11
Ground
Output
SMEMW#
(SMWTC#)
A12
Input/Output
SA19
B12
Output
SMEMR#
(SMRDC#)
A13
A14
A15
A16
A17
A18
A19
A20
A21
A22
A23
A24
A25
A26
A27
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
SA18
SA17
SA16
SA15
SA14
SA13
SA12
SA11
SA10
SA9
B13
B14
B15
B16
B17
B18
B19
B20
B21
B22
B23
B24
B25
B26
B27
Input/Output
Input/Output
Output
Input
IOW# (IOWC#)
IOR# (IORC#)
DACK3#
DRQ3
Output
Input
DACK1
DRQ1
Input/Output
Output
Input
REFRESH#
BCLK
IRQ7
Input
IRQ6
SA8
Input
IRQ5
SA7
Input
IRQ4
SA6
Input
IRQ3
SA5
Output
Output
DACK2#
TC
SA4
Connector Pin Assignments B-13
ISA Expansion Slot Pin Assignments
Pin
Direction
Signal
Pin
Direction
Signal
A28
A29
A30
A31
C1
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
SA3
B28
B29
B30
B31
D1
Output
Power
Output
Ground
Input
BALE
+5V
SA2
SA1
OSC
SA0
Ground
SBHE#
MEMCS16#
(M16#)
C2
Input/Output
LA23
D2
Input
IOCS16#
(IO16#)
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
C8
C9
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
LA22
LA21
LA20
LA19
LA18
LA17
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
D9
Input
Input
Input
Input
Input
Output
Input
IRQ10
IRQ11
IRQ12
IRQ15
IRQ14
DACK0#
DRQ0
MEMR#
(MRDC#)
C10
Input/Output
MEMW#
D10
Output
DACK5#
(MWTC#)
C11
C12
C13
C14
C15
C16
C17
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
SD8
D11
D12
D13
D14
D15
D16
D17
Input
DRQ5
DACK6#
DRQ6
DACK7#
DRQ7
+5V
SD9
Output
Input
SD10
SD11
SD12
SD13
SD14
Output
Input
Power
Input
Master16#
(MASTER#)
C18
Input/Output
SD15
D18
Ground
GND
B-14 Connector Pin Assignments
PCI Expansion Bus Connectors
The expansion slot signals, voltages, and grounds are supplied through the bus
connectors. The following table provides the pin assignments for the PCI
expansion slots.
PCI Expansion Slot Pin Assignments
Pin
Signal
Pin
Signal
Pin
Signal
Pin
Signal
A1
Ground
B1
-12V
A32
AD16
B32
AD17
(TRST#)
A2
+12V
B2
Ground (TCK)
Ground
no con (TDO)
+5V
A33
A34
A35
A36
A37
A38
A39
A40
A41
A42
A43
A44
A45
A46
A47
A48
A49
A50
A51
A52
A53
A54
A55
A56
A57
A58
A59
+3.3V
FRAME#
Ground
TRDY#
Ground
STOP#
+3.3V
SDONE
SBO#
Ground
PAR
B33
B34
B35
B36
B37
B38
B39
B40
B41
B42
B43
B44
B45
B46
B47
B48
B49
B50
B51
B52
B53
B54
B55
B56
B57
B58
B59
C/BE2#
Ground
IRDY#
+3.3V
A3
+5V (TMS)
+5V (TDI)
+5V
B3
A4
B4
A5
B5
A6
INTA#
INTC#
+5V
B6
+5V
DEVSEL#
Ground
LOCK#
PERR#
+3.3V
A7
B7
INTB#
A8
B8
INTD#
A9
Reserved
+5V (I/O)
Reserved
Ground
Ground
+3.3V aux
RST#
B9
PRSNT1#
Reserved
PRSNT2#
Ground
Ground
Reserved
Ground
CLK
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15
A16
A17
A18
A19
A20
A21
A22
A23
A24
A25
A26
A27
A28
B10
B11
B12
B13
B14
B15
B16
B17
B18
B19
B20
B21
B22
B23
B24
B25
B26
B27
B28
SERR#
+3.3V
AD15
C/BE1#
AD14
+3.3V
AD13
Ground
AD12
+5V (I/O)
GNT#
AD11
Ground
REQ#
Ground
AD09
AD10
Ground
PME#
Ground
Key
+5V (I/O)
AD31
Key
AD30
Key
Key
+3.3V
AD29
C/BE0#
+3.3V
AD06
AD08
AD28
Ground
AD27
AD07
AD26
+3.3V
Ground
AD24
AD25
AD04
AD05
+3.3V
Ground
AD02
AD03
IDSEL
+3.3V
C/BE3#
AD23
Ground
AD01
AD00
AD22
Ground
+5V (I/O)
+5V (I/O)
Connector Pin Assignments B-15
PCI Expansion Slot Pin Assignments
Pin
Signal
Pin
Signal
Pin
Signal
Pin
Signal
A29
A30
A31
AD20
B29
B30
B31
AD21
AD19
+3.3V
A60
A61
A62
REQ64C#
+5V
B60
B61
B62
ACK64C#
+5V
Ground
AD18
+5V
+5V
Universal Serial Bus (USB) Connectors
The following table lists the pin assignments and signal names for the USB
connectors.
USB Connectors
Pin
Signal Name
1
2
3
4
Power
USBP0# (USBP1#)
USBP0 (USBP1)
Ground
B-16 Connector Pin Assignments
This section includes information on:
system interrupt request (IRQ) default settings
viewing system resources
jumper settings for the system board.
IRQ Settings
The following settings are the default IRQ settings:
IRQ0 (timer)
IRQ1 (keyboard)
IRQ2 (cascade interrupt)
IRQ3 (COM2)
IRQ4 (COM1)
IRQ5 (LPT2/sound/user available)
IRQ6 (diskette drive)
IRQ7 (LPT1)
IRQ8 (real time clock)
IRQ9 (reserved)
IRQ10 (USB/user available)
IRQ11 (Windows Sound System/user available)
IRQ12 (mouse)
IRQ13 (numeric processor)
IRQ14 (primary IDE)
IRQ15 (secondary IDE).
System Resource Information
Some hardware option installations might require system resources such as IRQ
lines, direct memory access (DMA) channels, and input/output (I/O) addresses.
Follow these steps to view system resources:
1. From the Windows desktop, click the “My Computer” icon with the right
mouse button.
2. Click Properties. The “System Properties” dialog box appears.
3. Click the “Device Manager” tab.
C-2 System Resources
4. Double click Computer. The “Computer Properties” dialog box appears and
displays the “View Resources” folder.
The “View Resources” folder shows the system resources used by your
computer. For example, it shows a list of interrupts and how they are allocated.
If an interrupt is not in the list, it’s available.
Jumper Settings
The following figure shows the jumper location on the system board.
Locating the Jumper
A – Jumper J8A1
The following table summarizes the system board jumper settings.
System Board Jumper Settings
Function
Jumper J8A1
Configuration
Normal Mode
1-2
Factory setting. Sets the system for
normal operation. The BIOS uses
current configuration information and
passwords for booting.
Configure Mode
Recovery Mode
2-3
Allows system configuration. After
POST, Setup runs automatically. The
Maintenance Menu appears for setting
configuration parameters (including
speed and password settings).
None
Enables BIOS recovery procedures.
BIOS attempts to recover the BIOS
configuration. A recovery diskette is
required (downloadable from the
NEC CSD website).
System Resources C-3
Clearing Your Password
The following describes how to clear your system password(s).
1. Turn off the power and unplug the system and any peripherals.
!
WARNING
Turn off the system before you change any jumper settings.
2. Remove the access cover (see “Access Cover Removal” in Section 3).
3. Locate the Configuration jumper (J8A1) on the system board (see the figure
“Locating the Jumper” in the previous subsection).
4. You may have to remove any installed expansion boards to access the
jumper (see “Expansion Board Removal” in Section 3).
5. Remove the jumper block from pins 1-2 and set it on pins 2-3. We
recommend that you use needle nose pliers to move a jumper.
6. Replace the access cover (see “Access Cover Replacement” in Section 3).
7. Connect system power cables and monitor.
8. Power on the system.
The system enters Setup and the Maintenance menu appears. You can
disable the user and administrator passwords.
If you removed the jumper, the system attempts to recover the BIOS. A
recovery diskette is needed.
9. Power off, unplug the system and monitor, and remove the access cover.
10.Remove the jumper block from pins 2-3 and replace it on pins 1-2.
11.If you removed any expansion boards, replace them (see “Expansion Board
Installation” in Section 3).
12.Replace the access cover. Reconnect the system power cables and peripheral
devices.
13.Power on the system.
14.Run Setup (see Section 2, “Setup Utility”).
C-4 System Resources
Recovering the BIOS
The following describes how to recover the system BIOS.
1. Turn off the power and unplug the system and any peripherals.
!
WARNING
Turn off the system before you change any jumper settings.
2. Remove the access cover (see “Access Cover Removal” in Section 3).
3. Locate the Configuration jumper (J8A1) on the system board (see the figure
“Locating the Jumper” in the previous subsection).
4. You may have to remove any installed expansion boards to access the
jumper (see “Expansion Board Removal” in Section 3).
5. Remove the jumper block from pins 1-2. We recommend that you use
needle nose pliers to move a jumper.
6. Replace the access cover (see “Access Cover Replacement” in Section 3).
7. Connect system power cables and monitor.
8. Power on the system.
The system attempts to recover the BIOS. A recovery diskette is needed.
9. Power off, unplug the system and monitor, and remove the access cover.
10.Place the jumper block on pins 1-2.
11.If you removed any expansion boards, replace them (see “Expansion Board
Installation” in Section 3).
12.Replace the access cover. Reconnect the system power cables and peripheral
devices.
13.Power on the system.
14.Run Setup (see Section 2, “Setup Utility”).
System Resources C-5
Glossary
A
access time
The time period between the supply of an access signal and the output or
acceptance of the data by the addressed system. Examples are the access times for
DRAMs, SRAMs, hard drives, and CD-ROM drives. Hard drive access time is the
time it takes for a computer to get data from the drive. A hard drive with an 11 ms
access time is fast. A CD-ROM drive with a 280-ms access time is fast.
ACPI
Advanced Configuration and Power Interface. A power management specification
developed by Intel, Microsoft, and Toshiba. When installed on the system, ACPI
enables the operating system to control the amount of power given to each device
attached to the computer. With ACPI, the operating system can turn off peripheral
devices (such as CD-ROM drives) when they are not in use. As another example,
ACPI enables manufacturers to produce computers that automatically power up as
soon as you touch the keyboard.
adapter
An expansion board or component on the system board that communicates with
peripherals (such as the display monitor or network devices).
address
A hexadecimal number that represents a location in storage or memory. Also used
to identify communication ports. To communicate with a storage device.
AGP
Accelerated Graphics Port. A high-speed, high-performance video standard
supported by a dedicated connector on the system board. The connector allows the
connection of an AGP board to the system board’s AGP bus. AGP boards feature
64- or 128-bit graphics acceleration with an integrated digital video engine and
accelerated 3-D graphics, texture mapping, and shading functions. Fast refresh
rates, high resolution, and color depth allow for incredible graphics suitable for
multimedia and graphic intensive applications.
algorithm
Any set of instructions to be followed in order.
anti-aliasing
Making jagged edges look smoother by filling in the jags with an intermediate
color. Usually used in reference to the edges of shapes, especially letters, on a
computer screen.
API
Application Programming Interface. An API is a series of functions that programs
can use to make the operating system do routine or repetitive tasks. Using Windows
APIs, for example, a program can open windows, files, and message boxes (as well
as perform more complicated tasks) by passing a single instruction. Windows has
several classes of APIs that deal with telephony, messaging, and other issues.
Glossary 1
APM
Advanced Power Management. An API developed by Intel and Microsoft that
allows developers to include power management in the BIOS. APM defines a layer
between the hardware and the operating system that effectively shields the
programmer from hardware details.
application programs
Software designed to perform specific functions or a group of functions, like
solving business or mathematical problems. Examples of applications include word
processing, communications, or database management.
architecture
A general term for the design and construction of computer systems, particularly
hardware, but also operating systems and networks. The circuitry within a chip is
called its architecture; for example, Intel architecture can refer to a computer based
on the Intel Celeron™ or other Pentium II chips.
archive
Copying one or more files to a different location for long-term data storage,
especially for backup and security purposes. Files can then be added to or deleted
from the archive. Also refers to the location where data is stored.
ASIC
Application Specific Integrated Circuit. A chip designed for use on a particular
circuit board, or for a very narrow range of use. The digital signal processor chip on
a modem is an ASIC.
asynchronous
Refers to operations that do not require the clocks of communicating devices to be
coordinated. Instead, the devices send signals to each other indicating readiness to
receive or send. Compare synchronous.
asynchronous cache
The slowest, most inexpensive type of secondary SRAM cache, running at speeds
of 15 to 20 ns.
ATA
AT Attachment. A standard for connecting hard drives or other devices to an AT
bus; synonymous with IDE.
AT bus
The AT bus system with support chips (DMA, PIC, etc) and a 16-bit bus slot. The
AT bus is strictly defined by ISA.
audio
Relating to or capable of producing sound. Multimedia computers make extensive
use of audio.
2 Glossary
AVI
A digital movie format created by Microsoft. AVI is short for “audio/video
interleave,” a method of including a digital movie and its accompanying sound in
the same file. Files in the AVI format have the .AVI extension.
B
bad sector
Part of a hard drive or diskette drive storage medium that doesn’t hold data.
Formatting generally detects and marks these areas so they won’t be used. Certain
utility programs do, too, and it is a good idea to run this type of utility occasionally
to prevent data loss if the condition of the drive changes.
bandwidth
A measure of how much information something can carry. Specifically, data path
times frequency. For example, the ISA bus has a data path of 16 bits (it can send 16
bits at a time) and typically operates at 8.33 MHz, so it has a bandwidth of
133.28 megabits per second (Mbps).
base RAM
Area of system memory between 0 and 640 kilobytes available to the user for
operating system and application programs.
batch file
A file that contains a series of DOS commands. Batch files have the extension .bat.
If you execute a batch file, DOS attempts to carry out all the commands in the file,
in order.
baud
A unit of measure for modem speed. Literally, the number of voltage transitions per
second. Phone line limitations limit the actual baud rate of modems to 2400 baud,
although the data transmission rate (bps) may be higher because of data
compression.
BBS
Short for Bulletin Board Service. Software that serves as a communication and
information source for computers that communicate by modem.
BIOS
Basic Input/Output System. A program or set of programs permanently stored in
ROM chips installed on the system board. The BIOS contains functions that control
the real-time clock, keyboard, disk drives, video display, and other peripheral
devices. For example, the BIOS Setup utility program is contained in the BIOS, and
when you change the drive type, you change the BIOS.
Glossary 3
bit
Binary digit. The smallest unit of computer data. A single digital piece of
information, generally represented by the numeral 0 or 1. Usually the transition
between the states of +5V and -5V within a computer, the charge of a transistor in
an integrated circuit, or the change in polarity of a magnetic region on a disk. See
byte. Data compression schemes can enable the transmission of more than one bit
per voltage transition.
bit block transfer
Moving part of a screen image as a single block rather than moving a pixel at a
time. Bit block transfers are much faster than moving the same pixels individually,
and it is common in accelerated video cards.
bitBLT
Bit Block Transfer.
bitmap
Any occurrence where a single location in memory and a single pixel correspond.
Usually applies to screen or printer output. .BMP files are bitmapped graphics files.
bits per second
(bps) A unit of transmission. Also called baud rate.
block
A contiguous section of bits considered as a whole, especially in memory. On a
disk, the data in one sector; in modem data transfer, the bits between checksums.
board
Printed circuit board. Board onto which computer components are soldered and thin
wires are printed to connect the components.
boot
To start up a computer. The computer is generally booted in one of three ways: by
turning on the power switch (cold boot), by pressing the reset switch, or by
simultaneously pressing the Ctrl, Alt, and Del keys (warm boot). Booting the
system after it has already been powered up and booted is referred to as rebooting.
Also the process of booting itself. Boot is from “bootstrap,” a reference to a
computer’s ability to set itself up, or pull itself up by its own ‘bootstraps.’ See cold
boot and warm boot.
bootable device
Any type of hardware that carries the information (software) required by the
computer to start properly. This device must also have the capacity to be
recognized by the computer in the first stages of the boot process.
boot block
The part of a disk that contains the software (such as the operating system loader)
that enables the computer to start.
4 Glossary
boot sector
The part of the boot block that contains the operating system loader, a program that
starts by itself and loads the operating system.
bps
Bits per second. The number of bits of data that can be transmitted in one second.
Because data compression schemes enable more than one bit per voltage transition,
bps is equivalent to baud only if no compression is used.
buffer
A place, especially in RAM, for the temporary storage of data for the purpose of
speeding up an operation such as printing or drive access. Data from a buffer is
available more quickly than data from where the buffer got it. Typically buffers get
data before it is needed so it is ready quickly when needed. Similar to cache.
burst mode
When a device seizes control of the bus, sends data, then relinquishes control of the
bus. Any time a device sends data without interruption instead of taking turns with
other devices.
bus
A parallel electrical pathway on the system board, connecting and shared by the
parts of a computer system (especially the CPU, its support circuitry, memory, and
expansion cards), used for transmitting data or electrical power from one device to
another. Typically the lines in a bus are dedicated to specific functions, such as
control lines, address lines, and data lines. Different bus architectures have different
numbers and arrangements of these lines, and different names (for example, ISA,
PCI). The most useful way of distinguishing bus architectures is by the number of
simultaneous data bits they can carry. The ISA is a 16-bit bus, while PCI is a 32-bit
bus.
bus master
The ability of an expansion card to control the bus without needing intervention
from the CPU.
byte
Group of eight contiguous bits. Frequently written as an eight-digit binary number
or a two-digit hexadecimal number. One letter of the alphabet in ASCII code takes
one byte.
C
cache
A special block of fast memory used for temporary storage of frequently used data
for quick retrieval. A memory cache, sometimes called a cache store or RAM
cache, is a portion of memory made of high-speed static RAM (SRAM) instead of
the slower and cheaper dynamic RAM (DRAM) used for system memory. Memory
caching is effective because most programs access the same data or instructions
over and over. By keeping as much of this information as possible in SRAM, the
computer avoids accessing the slower DRAM. See “write-back” and “write-
through.”
Glossary 5
chassis
The metal frame to which the electronic components of the computer (such as the
system board, power supply, and drive bays) are attached. The chassis goes inside
the system unit cover.
checksum
A number, calculated from a block of data, used to verify the integrity of that data.
For example, a modem could send a block of data and include the number of 1’s
that occur in the block. The receiving modem could count the number of 1’s it
receives and compare its own number with the transmitted number. If the numbers
are the same, the transmission was probably OK.
clock
Electronic timer (oscillator) used to synchronize computer operations. The
oscillator generates the timing pulses that coordinate and enable the flow of data
within a digital device. Also a circuit powered by battery that keeps track of the
date and time for human and various system requirements.
clock speed
The frequency at which a clock oscillates. In microcomputers, measured in MHz.
The faster the clock, the faster the computer can compute.
CMOS
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor. A chip on the system board that
contains nonvolatile memory. CMOS is backed up by an internal lithium battery
that preserves clock/calendar data and system configuration parameters stored in
CMOS.
codec
Coder-decoder. Used primarily with Internet phone and video conferencing
products, this software compresses digitized data and decompresses it at the other
end, allowing for faster data transfer and less delays
cold boot
Process of starting up the computer by turning on the power. If power is already on,
the process means to turn off the computer and turn it on again. A cold boot
reinitializes all devices.
compression
Any scheme for recording data with fewer bits. For example, stating how many
times something occurs can be shorter than stating each occurrence. It is shorter to
say “print a million white pixels” than to say “print white pixel number one, print
white pixel number two . . .”
D
default
The system’s factory setting for a specific device feature or system function. A
setting that a computer uses if it has not been modified by a user.
6 Glossary
DIMM
Dual Inline Memory Module. Circuit board with pins connecting to different
memory chips on both sides of the board, which allows for wider and faster data
transfer (128-bit). See SIMMs.
DMA
Direct Memory Access. A method for transferring data, usually between memory
and a disk drive, without going through the CPU.
DMI
Desktop Management Interface. A standard for PCs that allows manipulation of PC
components over a network from a centralized location.
DRAM
Dynamic Random Access Memory. Memory used to store data in most computers.
DRAM is temporary and must be continually refreshed. It is only active when the
computer is turned on.
driver
A software program that enables peripheral devices (for example, printer, monitor,
mouse, CD-ROM drive) to work with computers.
DVD
Digital versatile disc or digital video disc. A type of CD-ROM that holds a
minimum of 4.7 GB, enough for a full-length movie. The DVD specification
supports disks with capacities of from 4.7 GB to 17 GB and access rates of 600
Kbps to 1.3 Mbps. One of the features of DVD drives is that they are backward-
compatible with CD-ROM disks. This means that DVD players can play old CD-
ROMs, CD-I disks, and video CDs, as well as new DVD-ROMs. Newer DVD
players can also read CD-R disks. DVD uses MPEG-2 to compress video data. See
MPEG.
E
ECC memory
Error Checking and Correcting memory. Advanced type of memory that can find
and correct certain types of single-bit memory errors, providing greater data
integrity. Advanced ECC can correct some double-bit errors.
ECP
Extended Capabilities Port. A parallel-port standard for PCs that supports
bidirectional communication between the PC and attached devices (such as a
printer). ECP is about 10 times faster than the older Centronics standard. Another
modern parallel port for PCs that offers similar performance is the EPP (Enhanced
Parallel Port).
EDO memory
Extended Data Out memory. A faster type of asynchronous computer memory that
holds its last-requested data in a cache after releasing it. EDO memory is designed
for use with the Intel Pentium and Pentium II processors.
Glossary 7
EIDE
Extended Integrated Drive Electronics. The EIDE specification is an enhanced
version of IDE that allows for faster transfer rates and supports larger hard drive
sizes
enhanced VGA
A video interface that offers more colors or higher resolution than VGA.
EPP
Enhanced Parallel Port, a parallel port standard for PCs that supports bidirectional
communication between the PC and attached device (such as a printer). EPP is
about 10 times faster than the older Centronics standard. Another modern parallel
port for PCs that offers similar performance is the ECP (Extended Capabilities
Port).
extended RAM
The area of RAM above the first megabyte of memory in the system available for
enhancing system performance.
F
FAT
File Allocation Table. A table near the beginning of a drive that identifies the
location of everything on the drive.
flash ROM
Method in which a computer’s BIOS ROM can be upgraded without replacing the
ROM BIOS chip.
FTP
File Transfer Protocol. A method of transferring files between two computers on a
TCP/IP network (such as the Internet). “Anonymous FTP” (the most common
usage on the Internet) allows a user to download files without having an account at
the remote computer.
function key
The set of keys on the keyboard (usually F1 through F12) that let you get help and
error message information or quickly select frequently used commands.
G
graphics accelerator
A term referring to a higher end video controller that handles high-speed graphics
and usually contains several megabytes of onboard video memory.
GUI
Graphical User Interface. Method of presenting information on a computer screen
using icons, pull-down menus, and a mouse.
8 Glossary
H
hertz
(Hz) A unit of frequency equal to one cycle per second.
hexadecimal
A number system that uses 16 as the base. (Place value indicates powers of 16.) It
uses the digits 0-9 and A-F. Used around computers because a byte (eight binary
digits) easily converts to a two digit hexadecimal number. Hexadecimal numbers
are often indicated with the letter H, a dollar sign, or a subscripted 16 after the
number. Compare binary, decimal.
host adapter
An expansion board that serves as a controller for SCSI devices.
hot key
Combination of two or three keys (such as Ctrl-Alt-D) that you press
simultaneously for a particular function.
hot plugging
The ability to add and remove devices to a computer while the computer is running
and have the operating system automatically recognize the change. The Universal
Serial Bus (see USB ) external bus standard supports hot plugging. This is also a
feature of PCMCIA. Hot plugging is also called hot swapping.
I
IDE
Intelligent Drive Electronics. A hard drive type that has controller electronics built
into the drive and delivers high throughput.
interface
A connection that enables two devices to communicate.
interrupt
A signal from part of a system, such as an I/O device, asking to use the CPU.
Interrupts are hierarchical, which prevents interrupts from interrupting each other.
(Whichever interrupt has higher priority makes the other interrupt wait.) When the
CPU receives an interrupt signal, it saves what it is doing, processes the routine
associated with the interrupt, then returns to what it was doing.
I/O address
Input-Output address. How the CPU sees an I/O port. It puts data into this address
or reads the data in it. The device at the other end of the I/O port gets the data from
that address or puts the data there, respectively.
Glossary 9
IRQ
Interrupt Request. A signal that, when received by the CPU, makes it stop what it is
going to do something else. An interrupt is a way in which a particular device in a
computer communicates with the CPU. PCs have 16 IRQ lines that can be assigned
to different devices (for example, printers, scanners, modems). No two devices can
have the same IRQ address. See interrupt.
ISA
Industry Standard Architecture. The bus architecture used in the IBM PC/XT and
PC/AT. The AT version of the bus is called the AT bus and has become an industry
standard. The apparent successor is the PCI local bus architecture found in most of
today’s computers. Most modern computers include both an AT bus for slower
devices and a PCI local bus for devices that need better bus performance. In 1993,
Intel and Microsoft introduced a new version of the ISA specification called Plug
and Play ISA. Plug and Play ISA enables the operating system to configure
expansion boards automatically so that users do not need to fiddle with DIP
switches and jumpers. See plug and play.
isochronous
A form of data transmission in which individual characters are only separated by a
whole number of bit-length intervals.
K
kilobyte
(KB) 1024 bytes.
L
L2 cache
Refers to “level 2” or “secondary” cache. A type of cache that resides on the
motherboard except when referring to a Pentium II machine, where it resides on the
CPU module.
LAN
Local Area Network.
M
master
Part of a two-sided communication that initiates commands (to a “slave” that
carries out the commands).
megabyte
(MB) 1,048,576 bytes.
memory
Electronic storage area in a computer that retains information and programs. A
computer has two types of memory: read-only memory (ROM) and random access
memory (RAM).
10 Glossary
microprocessor
A semiconductor central processing unit that is the principal component of a
microcomputer. Usually contained on a single chip that includes an arithmetic logic
unit, control logic, and control-memory unit.
MIDI
Musical Instrument Digital Interface. An interface for connecting suitably equipped
musical instruments to suitably equipped computers.
MIF
Management Information File. A file stored on a PC that holds system data such as
a model ID and serial number that can be manipulated over a network from a
centralized location.
MMX
A processor architecture that enhances multimedia and communications. This
technology processes multiple data elements in parallel, speeding up such things as
image processing, motion video, speech synthesis, telephony, and 3-D graphics.
modem
MOdulator-DEModulator. A device that links computers over a telephone line.
MPC
Multimedia Personal Computer, a software and hardware standard developed by a
consortium of computer firms led by Microsoft. There are three MPC standards,
called MPC, MPC2, and MPC3, respectively. Each specifies a minimum hardware
configuration for running multimedia software.
MPEG
Motion Pictures Expert Group. Audio/Video technology that allows for better than
VHS quality video and almost CD quality audio by using advanced compression
techniques. MPEG files allow for more realistic motion with a smaller file size than
earlier formats, making it a popular format for digital full-length movies. Files in
the MPEG format have an .MPG extension.
N
nonvolatile memory
Storage media that retains its data when system power is turned off. Nonvolatile
memory is a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) chip that is
backed up by an internal battery. The backup battery preserves the clock/calendar
data and system configuration parameters stored in CMOS. See volatile memory.
O
operating system
Set of programs that manage the overall operation of the computer.
overwrite
Storing information at a location where information is already stored, thus
destroying the original information.
Glossary 11
P
page
A type of message transmission in which a message is sent or received via modem
to a paging device from a computer (with paging communications software) or
telephone.
parallel interface
Interface that communicates eight bits at a time.
parallel printer
A printer with a parallel interface.
parameter
A characteristic of a device or system determined by a command or setting whose
purpose is to define or limit the characteristic.
password
A string of characters that the user must enter before the system allows access or
system privileges.
PCI
Peripheral Component Interface/Interconnect. A self-configuring personal
computer local bus designed by Intel. Most modern PCs include a PCI bus in
addition to a more general ISA expansion bus. PCI is a 32-bit bus, but supports a
64-bit extension for new processors, such as the Pentium II. It can run at clock
speeds of 33 or 66 MHz. At 32 bits and 33 MHz, it yields a throughput rate of
133 megabits per second. 64-bit implementations running at 66 MHz provide
524 Mbps. See ISA.
peripheral
Input or output device not under direct computer control. A printer is a peripheral
device.
pixels
Picture elements. Tiny dots that make up a screen image. A pixel is the smallest
spot on the screen that a computer can address.
plug and play
Refers to the ability of a computer system to automatically configure expansion
boards and other devices. This enables a user to plug in a device and use it, without
worrying about setting DIP switches, jumpers, and other configuration elements.
port
Any connection by which data can enter or leave a computer or peripheral.
Provides the means for an interface between the microprocessor and external
devices. A cable connector is usually plugged into the port to attach the device to
the computer.
12 Glossary
printer port
Name assigned to the parallel port by the Windows operating system. A second
parallel device is assigned LPT2 (if there is another parallel port). Also called the
printer port.
processor
In a computer, a functional unit that interprets and executes instructions.
prompt
A special symbol indicating the beginning of an input line. Also a message that
appears on the screen indicating that the user must take a certain action.
R
RAM
Random Access Memory. A storage device into which data is entered and from
which data is retrieved in a nonsequential manner. On the system board, RAM is
semiconductor-based memory that can be read and written to by the microprocessor
or other hardware devices. In RAM, data can be directly and randomly read or
written (with any choice for the address). It’s the storage location for data that
needs to be immediately available for every application in use on your computer.
read
To extract data from a storage device such as a diskette.
ROM
Read-Only Memory. Memory in which stored data cannot be modified by the user
except under special conditions.
reset
The process of returning a device to zero or to an initial or arbitrarily selected
condition.
resolution
The degree of screen image clarity. Video display resolution is determined by the
number of pixels on the screen. Resolution is usually specified in pixels by scan
lines, for example, 640 by 480. See pixels.
RS-232C
Standard interface for serial devices.
S
SEC
Single-Edge Contact. The SEC cartridge containing the Pentium II processor. See
Slot 1.
serial interface
An interface that communicates information one bit at a time.
Glossary 13
serial printer
A printer with a serial interface.
SGRAM
Synchronous Graphic Random Access Memory. A type of DRAM used
increasingly on video adapters and graphics accelerators. Like SDRAM, SGRAM
can synchronize itself with the CPU bus clock at speeds of up to 100 MHz. In
addition, SGRAM uses several other techniques, such as masked writes and block
writes, to increase bandwidth for graphics-intensive functions. Unlike VRAM and
WRAM, SGRAM is single-ported (it can only be accessed by one device at a time).
However, it can open two memory pages at once, which simulates the dual-port
nature of other video RAM technologies (access by two different devices
simultaneously). See VRAM and WRAM.
SIMM
Single Inline Memory Module. A small circuit board holding a group of memory
chips. Typically, SIMMs hold up to nine RAM chips. On PCs, the ninth chip is for
parity error checking. Unlike memory chips, SIMMs are measured in bytes rather
than bits. In today’s SIMMs, each chip holds 2 MB, so a single SIMM holds 16
MB. SIMMs are easier to install than individual memory chips. The bus from a
SIMM to the actual memory chips is 32 bits wide. A newer technology, called dual
in-line memory module (DIMM), provides a 64-bit bus. To take advantage of the
64-bit bus on Pentium II processors, use either DIMMs or pairs of SIMMs. See
DIMMs.
Slot 1
The form factor for Intel Pentium II processors. The Slot 1 package replaces the
Socket 7 and Socket 8 form factors used by previous Pentium processors. Slot 1 is a
242-pin daughter card slot that accepts a microprocessor packaged as a Single Edge
Contact (SEC) cartridge. A system board can have one or two Slot 1s. See SEC.
SMART
Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology. A hard drive feature that
works in conjunction with system software (for example, LANDesk Client
Manager, NEC Auto Backup) for identifying a potential problem on the hard drive
and automatically backing up system files to a user-specified device, such as a tape
or Zip drive.
sound card
An expansion card designed for sound input and output. Sound cards can record
and play back digital audio. Most also have a MIDI synthesizer, which means they
can play MIDI files; some also have MIDI inputs and outputs.
super video graphics array (SVGA)
A color bit-mapped graphics display standard that provides a resolution of
1024x 768 with up to 256 colors displayed simultaneously.
synchronous
Refers to protocols that require the clocks of the communicating machines to be
coordinated.
14 Glossary
system board
The main printed circuit board inside the system unit into which other boards and
major chip components, such as the system microprocessor, are connected.
T
tpi
Tracks per inch.
track
Any of many concentric circular regions on a disk for storing data. Tracks are
divided into sectors. One measure of storage density of a disk is tpi.
U
Ultra DMA
A protocol developed by Quantum Corporation and Intel that supports burst mode
data transfer rates of 33.3 MBps. This is twice as fast as the previous disk drive
standard for PCs, and is necessary to take advantage of new, faster Ultra ATA disk
drives. The official name for the protocol is Ultra DMA/33.
USB
Universal Serial Bus. An external bus standard that supports data transfer rates of
12 Mbps (12 million bits per second). A single USB port can be used to connect up
to 127 peripheral devices, such as mice, modems, and keyboards. USB also
supports Plug-and-Play installation and hot plugging. It is expected to eventually
replace serial and parallel ports.
V
VESA
Video Electronics Standards Association. The source of a SuperVGA standard used
on many video boards.
virus
Software that copies itself onto hard drives and diskettes without user intervention,
usually when a diskette is placed into the drive of a computer. Viruses usually
trigger a harmless or destructive occurrence on the system, activated by some preset
condition. Viruses are frequently written with antisocial intent.
VGA
Video Graphics Array. Graphics technology that supports up to 256 K colors and a
graphics resolution of 640 by 480 pixels.
volatile memory
Storage media that loses its data when system power is turned off. Standard
memory and memory added to the system are volatile memory. See nonvolatile
memory.
Glossary 15
VRAM
Video RAM. VRAM is special-purpose memory used by video adapters. Unlike
conventional RAM, VRAM can be accessed by two different devices
simultaneously. This enables a video adapter to access the VRAM for screen
updates at the same time that the CPU provides new data. VRAM yields better
graphics performance but is more expensive than normal RAM. A special type of
VRAM, called Windows RAM (WRAM), yields even better performance than
conventional VRAM. See SGRAM and WRAM.
W
warm boot
Process of resetting the computer without turning off the power through keyboard
input (pressing Ctrl, Alt, and Del keys simultaneously) or the reset button. The
system returns to an initial or arbitrarily selected condition.
WRAM
Windows RAM. A type of RAM that supports two ports. This enables a video
adapter to fetch the contents of memory for display at the same time that new bytes
are being pumped into memory. This results in much faster display than is possible
with conventional single-port RAM. WRAM is similar to VRAM, but achieves
even faster performance at less cost because it supports addressing of large blocks
(windows) of video memory. See VRAM and SGRAM.
write
To record or store information to a storage device.
write-back
Also called copy back. A cache strategy where write operations to data stored in the
internal microprocessor L1 cache aren’t copied to system memory until absolutely
necessary. In contrast, a write-through cache performs all write operations in
parallel; data is written to system memory and the L1 cache simultaneously. Write-
back caching yields somewhat better performance than write-through caching
because it reduces the number of write operations to main memory. See cache and
write-through.
write-through
Also write-thru. Write-through characterizes a cache strategy where data is always
written into system memory when data is written by the CPU. See cache and write
back.
X
X2 technology
A technology developed by U.S. Robotics (now 3Com) for delivering data rates up
to 56 Kbps over plain old telephone service (POTS). It was long believed that the
maximum data transmission rate over copper telephone wires was 33.6 Kbps, but
X2 achieves higher rates by taking advantage of the fact that most phone switching
stations are connected by high-speed digital lines. X2 bypasses the normal digital-
to-analog conversion and sends the digital data over the telephone wires directly to
a modem where it is decoded.
16 Glossary
Index
front panel, B-7
A
IDE/PCI boards, B-9
keyboard and mouse, B-7
parallel port, B-5
PCI expansion slot, B-15
primary power supply, B-6
serial port, B-5
Addresses
I/O, 2-7
AGP
aperture size, 2-11
chipset, 1-6
connector pin assignments, B-11
AWE64D PCI sound board, 1-10
system board connectors, B-2
USB connectors, B-16
Connectors
system board, B-2
Cover removal, 3-3, 3-4
B
Battery
CMOS, 1-7, 2-2, 4-10
removal, 4-10
Beep codes
D
Device
descriptions, 4-9
BIOS, 1-6, 1-7
recovery, C-5
Boot device, 2-14
Boot Menu, 2-13
5 1/4-inch removal, 5-6
cage removal, 5-5
slot specifications, A-4
slots, 3-12
DIMM
connector pin assignments, B-10
installation, 3-11
module removal, 5-9
specifications, A-2
support, 3-8
C
Cables
diskette drive, 3-14
IDE signal, 3-14
printer, 3-25
Disassembly
serial, 3-26
3 1/2-inch hard drive, 5-7
5 1/4-inch device, 5-6
device cage, 5-5
DIMM module, 5-9
diskette drive, 5-6
expansion board, 5-3
fan assembly, 5-9
front panel, 5-4
general rules, 5-2
keyboard, 4-3
power supply, 5-9
sequence, 5-2
storage device, 3-13
system power, 3-15
CD-ROM drive, 1-9, 2-8
CD-ROM/DVD drive, 1-10
removing, 3-18
Checking hard drive parameters, 2-8
Chip set, 1-6
CMOS
battery, 1-7
battery replacement, 4-10
memory, 1-7, 2-2
Codes
side panel, 5-5
standard 3 1/2-inch drive, 5-8
system, 5-2
beep, 4-9
Configuration
audio, 2-8
hard drive, 2-8
peripherals, 2-7
video, 2-11
system board, 5-10
system unit, 5-3
Diskette drive, 1-10, 2-10
connector pin assignments, B-8
removal, 5-6
Configure mode, 2-4
Connector pin assignments
DIMM sockets, B-10
diskette drive, B-8
DMA settings, 1-7, 1-8
Drives
assignment, 2-14
Index-1
cabling, 3-14, 3-16
connection, 1-9, 1-10
IDE devices, 1-9, 1-10, 2-8, 3-12
IDE ports, 1-9
installing, 3-17, 3-19, 3-23
jumper settings, 3-12
removing CD-ROM/DVD drive, 3-18
sequence, 2-14
Illustrated parts breakdown
desktop parts list, 5-12
minitower parts list, 5-15
Inactivity timer, 2-13
Installing options
support, 1-9, 1-10, 3-11
3 1/2-inch devices, 3-19
5 1/4-inch devices, 3-23
cover removal, 3-3
cover replacement, 3-4
data storage devices, 3-11, 3-17
expansion boards, 3-5
external options, 3-25
guidelines, 3-2
E
Expansion boards
bus, 1-6
installing, 3-5, 3-6, 3-8
removing, 3-8, 5-3
slot locations, 3-6
slot specifications, A-4
External options
interrupts, C-2
parallel printer, 3-25
serial devices, 3-26
memory upgrade, 3-8
precautions, 3-2
system resources, C-2
Intel processor
serial number control utility, 2-15
Interrupts, 1-7, 2-7, C-2
settings, C-2
F
Fan assembly
removal, 5-9
Features
desktop models, 1-2, 1-3
front, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4
memory, 1-5, 1-6
minitower models, 1-4
rear, 1-4
IPB
desktop parts list, 5-12
minitower parts list, 5-15
IRQs
settings, C-2
ISA expansion board
slot pin assignments, B-13
system board, 1-5
Flash EPROM, 1-6, 1-7
Front panel
connector pin assignments, B-7
removal, 5-4
removing, 3-17, 3-24
J
Jumper settings
IDE devices, 3-12
system board, C-3
G
Graphics
K
specifications, A-5
Keyboard
cleaning, 4-3
H
connector pin assignments, B-7
dimensions, A-6
disassembly, 4-3
specifications, A-4
weight, A-6
Hard drive
configuration, 2-8
optional 3 1/2 inch hard drive removal, 5-7
parameters, 2-8
standard 3 1/2-inch hard drive removal, 5-8
support, 1-10
M
Maintenance, 4-2
keyboard cleaning, 4-3
mouse cleaning, 4-3
system cleaning, 4-3
Memory
I
I/O
addresses, 2-7
ports, 1-9
IDE boards
CMOS, 1-7, 2-2
features, 1-5, 1-6
connector pin assignments, B-9
Index-2
installing DIMMs, 3-11
map, 1-6
P
Parallel ports
removing DIMMs, 3-10
sample configurations, 3-9
sockets, 3-9
support, 3-8
upgrade, 3-8
configuring, 2-7
connecting printer, 3-25
connecting to, 3-25
connector pin assignments, B-5
mode, 2-8
Menu
protocols, 1-9
Parallel printer
connecting, 3-25
Passwords
Advanced, 2-7
Boot, 2-13
DMI Event Logging submenu, 2-11
Exit, 2-15
Floppy options submenu, 2-10
Hard drive submenu, 2-14
IDE Configuration submenu, 2-8
Main, 2-6
administrator, 2-12
clearing, C-4
setting, 2-12
Unattended Start, 2-12
user, 2-12
Main setup, 2-3
PCI boards
Peripheral configuration submenu, 2-7
Power, 2-13
Removable devices submenu, 2-14
Resource Configuration submenu, 2-12
Security, 2-12
connector pin assignments, B-9
slot pin assignments, B-15
PCI bus, 1-6
Peripheral configuration, 2-7
Plug and Play support, 1-7, 3-5
Ports
Video configuration submenu, 2-11
Modem, 1-10
Mouse
parallel, 1-9, 2-7, 2-8, 3-25
serial, 1-9, 2-7, 3-26
USB, 1-9
cleaning, 4-3
connector pin assignments, B-7
specifications, A-4
POST
beep codes, 4-9
Multimedia components
CD-ROM/DVD drive, 1-10
Power
management, 1-11, 2-13
menu, 2-13
Power supply
N
NEC CSD
connector pin assignments, B-6
description, 1-10
removal, 5-9
service, 4-2
support, 4-2
telephone numbers, 4-2
specifications, A-6
Primary IDE connector, 3-14
Printer
O
Operating environment
specifications, A-7
Option installation
3 1/2-inch devices, 3-19
5 1/4-inch devices, 3-23
cover removal, 3-3
cover replacement, 3-4
data storage devices, 3-11, 3-17
expansion boards, 3-5
external options, 3-25
guidelines, 3-2
connecting, 3-25
Processor, 1-5
adjusting speed, 5-11
specifications, A-2
Processor serial number control, 2-15
R
Random access memory
specifications, A-2
Read-only memory
specifications, A-3
Real-time clock, 1-7
specifications, A-3
Recovery
memory upgrade, 3-8
precautions, 3-2
BIOS, C-5
Index-3
Repair
disassembly, 5-2
primary cache, A-2
processor, A-2
random access memory, A-2
read-only memory, A-3
secondary cache, A-2
sound system, A-6
storage devices, A-4
system unit dimensions, A-6
system unit weight, A-6
system weights, A-6
video memory, A-3
Storage devices
S
Secondary IDE connector, 3-14
Security
Menu, 2-12
password clearing, C-4
Serial ports, 1-9, 2-7
connecting to, 3-26
connector pin assignments, B-5
Settings
IRQs, C-2
cabling, 3-16
device preparation, 3-12
device slots, 3-12
installation, 3-11, 3-12, 3-17
removing the front panel, 3-17, 3-24
specifications, A-4
support, 3-11
Setup utility
Advanced Menu, 2-7
audio, 2-8
Boot Menu, 2-13
boot sequence, 2-14
configuring peripherals, 2-7
diskette drive, 2-10
Exit Menu, 2-15
IDE configuration, 2-8
legacy USB, 2-8
legend bar, 2-5
System
BIOS recovery, C-5
board, 1-5
cache, 1-5, 1-6
cleaning, 4-3
Main Menu, 2-3, 2-6
Maintenance Menu, 2-4
parallel port, 2-7
Power Menu, 2-13
resource configuration, 2-12
saving changes, 2-15
Security Menu, 2-12
serial ports, 2-7
disassembly, 5-2
maintenance, 4-3
resources, 1-7, 1-8, 2-12
specifications, A-2
troubleshooting, 4-4
System board
jumper settings, C-3
password clearing, C-4
processor speed adjustment, 5-11
removal, 5-10
startup, 2-3
using, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4
video features, 2-11
Side panel
System board connectors
locations, B-2
pin assignments, B-2
System memory
support, 3-8
System processor
adjusting speed, 5-11
System resources, C-2
System unit
removal, 5-5
Slot pin assignments
ISA expansion board, B-13
Sound system, 1-9
specifications, A-6
Specifications
calendar clock, A-3
device slots, A-4
DIMM, A-2
dimensions, A-6
disassembly, 5-3
expansion slots, A-4
graphics, A-5
weight, A-6
System unit disassembly, 5-3
3 1/2-inch hard drive, 5-7
5 1/4-inch device, 5-6
device cage, 5-5
input/output facilities, A-3
keyboard and mouse, A-4
keyboard dimensions, A-6
keyboard weight, A-6
operating environment, A-7
power, A-6
DIMM module, 5-9
diskette drive, 5-6
expansion board, 5-3
Index-4
fan assembly, 5-9
front panel, 5-4
power supply, 5-9
side panel, 5-5
standard 3 1/2-inch hard drive, 5-8
system board, 5-10
T
Technical support, 4-4
Telephone numbers
technical support and spare parts, 4-2
Troubleshooting, 4-4
beep codes, 4-9
CMOS battery replacement, 4-10
diagnostics, 4-4
problems and solutions, 4-4
U
USB
connector pin assignments, B-16
ports, 1-9
Utilities
BIOS setup, 2-2
Intel processor serial number control, 2-15
V
Video
configuration, 2-11
memory specifications, A-3, A-5
W
Weights
system and keyboard, A-6
Z
Zip drive, 1-9, 1-10
Index-5
(For United States Use Only)
Federal Communications Commission
Radio Frequency Interference Statement
WARNING: Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party responsible
for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital
device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses
and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the
instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this
equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be
determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures.
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from the one to which the receiver
is connected.
Use shielded and properly grounded I/O cables and power cable to ensure compliance of this unit to
the specified limits of the rules.
(For Canadian Use Only)
This Class B digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing
Equipment Regulations.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B repecte toutes les exigences du Règlement sur le matériel
brouilleur du Canada.
Battery Replacement
A lithium battery in some computers maintains system configuration information. In the event that
the battery fails to maintain system configuration information, NEC recommends that you replace
the battery. For battery replacement information, see Section 4 of this manual or call your NEC
CSD dealer or the NEC CSD Technical Support Center.
WARNING: There is a danger of explosion if the battery is incorrectly replaced. Replace only
with the same or equivalent type recommended by the manufacturer. Discard used batteries
according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
ATTENTION: Il y a danger d’explosion s’il y a replacement incorrect de la batterie. Remplacer
uniquement avec une batterie du même type ou d’un type recommandé par le constructeur. Mettre
au rébut les batteries usagées conformément aux instructions du fabricant.
Battery Disposal
Do not place used batteries in your regular trash.
The nickel-cadmium or nickel metal-hydride batteries must be collected, recycled, or disposed of in
an environmentally-approved manner.
The incineration, landfilling, or mixing of batteries with the municipal solid waste stream is
prohibited by law in most areas.
Return batteries to a federal or state approved battery recycler. This may be where you purchased
the battery or a local seller of automotive batteries.
Contact your local waste management officials for other information regarding the environmentally
sound collection, recycling, and disposal of the batteries.
NEC Computer Systems Division
Packard Bell NEC, Inc.
1 Packard Bell Way
102343SRV
4/99
Sacramento, CA 95828-0903
www.nec-computers.com
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