Eurotech Appliances CPU 1461 User Manual

EmbeddedDNA ®  
CPU-1461  
User’s Manual  
Rev. 1.0  
Jul. 2005  
COPYRIGHT 1994-2005 Eurotech S.p.A. All Rights Reserved.  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
3
Conventions  
The following table lists conventions that are used throughout this guide.  
Icon  
Notice Type  
Description  
Important features or  
instructions  
Information note  
Information to alert you to  
potential damage to a program,  
system or device or potential  
personal injury  
Warning  
Environmental safety  
When disposing the equipment, we suggest separating all of its components when possible, and  
disposing of them in accordance with local waste disposal legislations.  
Be sure to dispose of used batteries as required by local waste disposal legislation. Never throw  
batteries into a fire (risk of explosion) or household garbage can.  
 
Contents  
 
6
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
Chapter 1 Product Overview  
The CPU-1461 is a reliable Celeron PC/104-Plus embedded module with 6 fast USB 2.0 ports  
For a complete list of related accessories, as well as latest BIOS and drivers, please go to our web site:  
In the following paragraphs you will find a description of the CPU-1461characteristics.  
 
8
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
Product Definition  
Architecture:  
Processor:  
PC/104-Plus 2.0 compliant  
PentiumIII® 800MHz, 256KB L2 cache, 133MHz PSB  
Intel® 815E  
Chipset:  
Memory:  
256MB SDRAM soldered on board  
WinCE®, VxWorks®, Linux®, QNX®  
1MB Flash EPROM  
Operating Systems:  
BIOS Flash:  
Interfaces:  
IDE Controller UltraDMA  
2x Serial: 1 RS232, 1 RS232/422/485  
2x USB 1.1  
6x USB 2.0  
Ethernet (10/100 Mbps)  
VGA Video Controller  
Auxiliary Power  
AC97  
Keyboard and Mouse  
PC/104-Plus (PCI)  
Bus:  
PC/104 (ISA)  
Watchdog:  
2-255 sec./min.  
Power Supply:  
+5V DC  
 
Chapter 2 Jumper Description  
This chapter shows the layout of the jumpers and explains how to set them up.  
 
10  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
Jumper Layout and Configuration  
Figure 1 shows the jumper layout of the CPU-1461.  
The jumpers are indicated as JP followed by the jumper's number.  
JP3  
JP2  
JP1  
Figure 1. Jumpers on the CPU-1461 module  
Three 2-pin jumpers (JP1, JP2 & JP3) are located on the module. They can be set as follows:  
¾
¾
Pins connected together (which will be indicated as ‘Closed’)  
Pins not connected (which will be indicated as ‘Open’)  
Table 1 gives a quick cross-reference for them.  
Table 1.  
Jumper Functions  
Jumper #  
JP1  
Type  
Function  
Default  
IDE LED  
Pin 1 (-): cathode LED  
Pin 2 (+): anode LED  
2 pin  
jumper  
Open  
2 pin  
jumper  
JP2  
JP3  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Open  
Open  
2 pin  
jumper  
 
Chapter 3 Connectors Description  
This chapter provides a brief description of the CPU-1461 module’s connectors, their positions and functions.  
 
12  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
Connectors Layout  
Figure 2 shows the connectors with their layout and function(s).  
J14  
J16  
J17  
J1 J2  
J3  
J7  
J20  
J4  
J5  
Figure 2. Connector layout  
Note: in figure 2, a red square pad indicates pin 1 of each connector.  
 
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
13  
Table 2 lists the name of the connectors with their function:  
Table 2.  
Connector Functions  
Qty of pins Format Pitch (mm)  
Connector  
J1-J2  
J3  
Function  
-
-
-
ISA BUS (Bottom Side Only)  
PCI BUS (Bottom Side Only)  
Multifunction, VGA  
-
-
-
18  
44  
8
9x2  
22x2  
8x1  
6x2  
10x2  
8x2  
9x2  
8x1  
2.00  
2.00  
2.00  
2.54  
2.00  
2.00  
2.00  
2.00  
J4  
J5  
IDE/DOM  
J7  
USB 2.0 (Ports 5 and 6)  
Aux. power  
12  
20  
16  
18  
8
J9  
J14  
J16  
J17  
J20  
USB 1.1 (Ports 1 and 2), AUDIO CODEC  
USB 2.0 (Ports 1..4)  
Serial Ports 1and 2  
Fast Ethernet (10/100Mbps)  
How to connect the CPU-1461 to other PC/104 & PC/104-Plus devices:  
the stack assembly  
The ISA and PCI Bus connectors of the CPU-1461 are located on the bottom side of the module only, and  
are designed to allow the connection on the top position of the stack formed by other PC/104 and/or PC/104-  
Plus devices.  
We recommend you to follow the procedure below ensuring that stacking of the modules does not damage  
connectors or electronics parts.  
Always use appropriate antistatic precautions when handling boards  
1. Turn off all power to the PC/104 computer and its peripheral devices.  
2. Select and install standoffs to properly position the module on the PC/104 stack.  
3. Remove the module from its antistatic bag.  
4. Check that keying pins in the bus connector are properly positioned.  
5. Check the stacking order; make sure an XT bus card are not placed between two AT bus cards as  
this will interrupt the AT bus signals.  
6. Hold the module by its edges and orient it so that the bus connector pins line up with the matching  
connector on the stack.  
7. Using even pressure press the module onto the PC/104 stack.  
 
14  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
Figure 3 shows a module stack with the CPU-1461 on the top of two PC/104-Plus modules.  
If standard PC/104 modules are used in the stack, they must be the lowest modules because they will  
normally not include the PCI bus. An adapter module must be used.  
CPU-1461  
Carrier Module  
Figure 3.  
The Module Stack  
Do not force the module onto the stack! Wiggling the module or applying too much pressure  
may damage it. If the module does not readily press into place, remove it, check for bent pins  
or out-of-place keying pins, and try again.  
J4 for Multifunction and VGA  
This connector enables the connection of a speaker, keyboard, mouse, battery and VGA monitor to the CPU-  
1461.  
J4  
Multifunction, VGA  
Figure 4. J4 Connector Layout  
The connector implements the following functions:  
¾
MULTIFUNCTION SECTION (from pin 1 to pin 9)  
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Keyboard  
PS/2 Mouse  
 
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
15  
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ƒ
ƒ
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System reset  
External battery  
Speaker  
Power button  
¾
VGA monitor (from pin 10 to pin 18)  
Table 3 shows the connector pin out.  
Table 3.  
J4 Multifunction/VGA connector  
PIN  
1
SIGNAL  
SIGNAL  
PIN FUNCTION  
2
VDD_SRV  
(+5V)  
GND_SRV  
3
5
KBDAT  
MSDAT  
KBCLK  
MSCLK  
SPKR  
4
6
MULTIF.  
7
BAT_IN  
8
9
RES_PB_IN  
HSYNC  
GND_VGA  
VSYNC  
10  
12  
11  
13  
15  
17  
RED_VGA  
DDC1_SCL  
GNDA_VGA  
GREEN_VGA 14  
VGA  
DDC0_SDA  
BLUE_VGA  
16  
18  
Multifunction Connector Section  
This section of the connector implements the following functions:  
ƒ Keyboard  
An AT compatible keyboard can be connected to the module through connector J4. Table 4 lists the  
pin-out of connector J4.  
Table 4.Keyboard connector table  
Pin #  
Signal  
GND  
Function  
1
2
3
4
Ground signal  
Power supply  
Keyboard data  
Keyboard clock  
+5V  
KBDAT  
KBCLK  
ƒ
Mouse Connector Section  
A PS/2 compatible mouse can be connected to the J4 connector. Table 5 shows the pin-out for the  
mouse  
Table 5.  
J4 for Mouse connector  
Pin # Signal  
Function  
Ground signal  
Power supply  
Mouse data  
Mouse clock  
1
2
5
6
GND  
+5V  
MSDAT  
MSCLK  
 
16  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
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System reset  
The connection of the multifunction connector pin 9 to ground performs a hardware reset of the  
module. It is possible to use an external push-button (normally open) to manually reset the system.  
The reset signal is “de-bounced” on the board.  
External Battery  
Pin 7 of the multifunction connector allows the connection of an external backup battery.  
If you connect a battery, then the voltage must be between 3.0V and 3.9V.  
This battery is used when the system is powered down to preserve the Real Time Clock data.  
The typical battery consumption with the module off is 7uA.  
ƒ
Speaker  
A transistor that supplies 0.1W to an external speaker controls these outputs. A transistor amplifier  
buffers the speaker signal. Use a small general-purpose 2” or 3” permanent magnet speaker with an  
8Ω voice coil. The audio output is based on two signals: one come from the output of Timer 2, and  
the other come from I/O port 61h compliant with the AT Standard.  
The Eurotech Multifunction Adapter  
The Eurotech Multifunction Adapter simplifies the connection of mouse and keyboard with two PS/2  
connectors, a speaker, battery and a reset pushbutton.  
Battery  
Speaker  
J6  
J1  
J5  
J4  
To Multif. Conn.  
Of CPU Board  
(Mouse sign.)  
To Multif. Conn.  
of CPU Board  
Not  
used  
Power Led  
Spkr Led  
J3  
J2  
S1  
Reset  
Pushbutton  
Mouse  
Keyboard  
Figure 5.  
Multifunction Adapter (both sides)  
 
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
17  
9
BATT_IN (to J4 PIN 7)  
Table 6.  
J4 To CPU J4 Connector  
PIN #  
1
SIGNAL  
SPKR (to J4 PIN 8)  
+5V (to J4 PIN 2)  
Table 7.  
J6 To CPU J4 Connector (Mouse  
signals)  
2-8  
3
4-10  
5
RES_PB_IN (to J4 PIN 9)  
N.C.  
PIN #  
SIGNAL  
1
2
3
4
+5V (to J4 PIN 2)  
MSCLK (to J4 PIN 6)  
GND. (to J4 PIN 1)  
MSDAT (to J4 PIN 5)  
KBDAT (to J4 PIN 3)  
KBCLK (to J4 PIN 4)  
GND (to J4 PIN 1)  
6
7
VGA Section  
The CPU-1461 integrates a high-performance 2D graphics accelerator  
Supported CRT-VGA Video Resolutions  
Table 8 shows supported CRT Display Modes1  
Table 8.  
Partial list of Display Modes Supported  
Bits Per Pixel (frequency in Hz)  
Resolution  
640x480  
8-bitIndexed  
16-bit  
70  
24-bit  
70  
320x200  
320x240  
352x480  
352x576  
400x300  
512x384  
640x400  
640x480  
720x480  
720x576  
800x600  
1024x768  
1152x864  
1280x720  
1280x960  
1280x1024  
70  
70  
70  
70  
70  
70  
70  
70  
70  
70  
70  
70  
70  
70  
70  
70  
70  
70  
70  
60, 70, 72, 75, 85 60, 70, 72, 75, 85 60, 70, 72, 75, 85  
75, 85  
75, 85  
75, 85  
60, 75, 85  
60, 75, 85  
60, 75, 85  
60, 70, 72, 75, 85 60, 70, 72, 75, 85 60, 70, 72, 75, 85  
60, 70, 72, 75, 85 60, 70, 72, 75, 85 60, 70, 72, 75, 85  
60, 70, 72, 75, 85 60, 70, 72, 75, 85 60, 70, 72, 75, 85  
60, 75, 85  
60, 75, 85  
60, 75, 85  
60, 75, 85  
60, 75, 85  
60, 75, 85  
60, 70, 72, 75, 85 60, 70, 72, 75, 85 60, 70, 72, 75, 85  
 
18  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
J5 IDE Connector  
The CPU-1461 module provides an interface for up to two Integrated Device Electronics (IDE) hard disk  
drives on connector J5.  
J5  
IDE/DOM  
Figure 6. J5 Connector layout  
To install the hard disk, perform the following operations:  
¾
Hardware installation. Connect the hard disk to the module using a data cable, and then connect the  
hard disk to the power supply according to the device’s specifications. Make sure that pin 1 of connector  
J5 and pin 1 of the drive or drives are correctly connected. Pin 1 of the interface cable is usually  
indicated by a stripe along the edge of the cable. If two hard disks need to be connected, they must be  
configured for common operation (i.e. master/slave or cable select connection).  
¾
¾
IDE BIOS Setup. The hard disk parameters can be configured using the Setup program. If the hard disk  
is connected to the module without setup configuration or with a wrong setup configuration, a time-out of  
a few minutes occurs.  
Software initialization for specific operating systems. Refer to the OS documentation.  
 
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
19  
J7 for USB 2.0 (Ports 5 and 6)  
J7 is used for USB 2.0, ports 5 & 6. Each port can supply up to 2A  
J7  
USB 5, 6  
Figure 7. J7 Connector Layout  
Table 9.  
PIN#  
J7 Connector pin out  
SIGNAL  
FUNCTION  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
VDD_USB5  
USB5-  
USB 5  
USB5+  
GND_USB_5  
VDD_USB_6  
USB6-  
USB 6  
USB6+  
GND_USB_6  
Note: To establish a USB connection, no transceiver is required.  
 
20  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
J9 Auxiliary Power Connector  
J9 is an auxiliary power connector and can be used to power the module as an alternative to the PC/104-  
Plus bus.  
J9  
Auxiliary  
Power  
Figure 8.  
J9 Connector layout  
Table 10 shows the pin out for J9.  
Table 10. J9 Auxiliary Power Connector  
PIN # SIGNAL SIGNAL PIN #  
1
3
GND  
N.C.  
-5V  
VDD  
+12v  
2
4
5
-12V  
6
7
GND  
N.C.  
VDD  
8
9
PWRBTN#  
+5VSB(1) PSON#(2)  
10  
12  
11  
(1) +5VSB: +5 Volts-Always from the ATX Power supply  
(2) PSON#: Power-On command to ATX Power supply  
Power button (input)  
If the soft power management is enabled, a low signal in this pin turns the system on or off.  
Note. The VSB (Volt Stand-By) voltage is useful for Power management applications only.  
Note. The +12VDC and -5VDC voltages are neither used nor generated by the CPU-1461 module:  
they are only conveyed on the PC/104-Plus bus (connector J1) and can be used by other  
devices or modules that are stacked onto the CPU module.  
WARNING! IMPROPER CONNECTION OF THE POWER SUPPLY WILL RESULT IN SERIOUS  
DAMAGE TO THE MODULE.  
 
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
21  
J14 for USB 1.1 (Ports 7 and 8) and Audio-CODEC  
J14 is used for USB 1.1, ports 7 & 8 and the Audio CODEC.  
J14  
1
2
Figure 9. J14 Connector Layout  
It implements the following functions:  
¾
¾
¾
CODEC Audio port  
USB 1.1 port 7  
USB 1.1 port 8  
Table 11 shows the J14 connector pin out.  
Table 11. J14 Connector pin out  
PIN #  
SIGNAL  
SPKR  
SDOUT  
GND  
SIGNAL  
SDIN1  
PIN #  
PORT  
1
3
5
7
9
2
4
CDC_EN#  
GND  
Audio  
Codec  
6
SDIN0  
RST  
BITCLK  
SYNC  
8
10  
USB Over  
Current1#  
11  
GND  
12  
13  
15  
17  
19  
USB7-  
USB7+  
GND  
USB8-  
USB8+  
VDD  
14  
16  
18  
20  
USB  
7, 8  
GND  
VDD  
The Eurotech USB & AC97-Audio Codec Adapter  
Before using a USB and/or an Audio Device, the Eurotech USB/AC97-Audio Codec Adapter must be  
connected to the CPU board. The connection between the Eurotech adapter and the CPU board is  
established by a cable set provided with the adapter.  
Figure 10 shows this adaptor.  
 
22  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
SpkPhone IN/OUT  
Aux IN  
To J14  
CPU Board  
Connector  
Aux IN  
CD IN  
Figure 10.  
USB/AC97-AudioCODEC Adapter  
Table 12 shows the adapter connectors description.  
Table 12. USB/AC97-AudioCODEC Connectors  
Connector#  
Function  
USB0  
J1  
J2  
USB1  
J3  
Microphone IN  
Line IN  
J4  
J5  
Speaker OUT  
Line OUT  
CD IN  
J6  
J7  
J8  
Aux IN  
J9  
Aux IN  
J10  
J11  
Speakerphone IN/OUT  
To CPU Board Connector (J4)  
This adapter is composed of 2 functional sections:  
¾
USB section, with 2 USB ports which are EMI protected and filtered, and can also supply power to the  
peripheral device connected (5V, 500mA);  
¾
Audio section, which is equipped with the LM4549 National, an AC97 compliant I.C. The AC97  
architecture separates the analog and digital functions of the PC audio system allowing both for system  
design flexibility and increased performance. The LM4549 is an Audio CODEC for PC systems, which is  
fully PC98 compliant and performs the analog intensive functions of the AC97 Rev2.1 architecture. Using  
18-bit Sigma-Delta A/D’s and D/A’s, the LM4549 provides 90dB of Dynamic Range.  
The Audio section of this board provides 4 stereo inputs, 1 microphone input, 1 stereo line input, 1 stereo  
earphone output (200mW) and 1 speakerphone.  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
23  
J16 for USB 2.0 (Ports 1to 4)  
J16 implements USB 2.0 ports 1, 2, 3 and 4. Each port can supply current according to the following scheme:  
The total amount of power available for use is 2A distributed between the four ports  
WARNING: The total amount of power must not exceed 2 Amperes  
J16  
Figure 11.  
J16 Connector Layout  
Table 13. J16 Connector pinout  
PIN #  
1
SIGNAL  
VDD  
SIGNAL  
GND  
PIN #  
2
3
USB4-  
USB4+  
GND  
4
5
VDD_USB 3, 4  
USB3-  
6
7
USB3+  
GND  
8
9
VDD  
10  
12  
14  
16  
11  
13  
15  
USB2-  
USB2+  
GND  
VDD  
USB1-  
USB1+  
 
24  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
J17 for SERIAL1 and SERIAL2  
J17 is used for Serial ports 1 and 2.  
J17  
Figure 12.  
J17 Connector Layout  
Table 14 shows the connector pin out.  
Table 14. J17 Connector pin out  
PIN # SIGNAL  
SIGNAL PIN #  
FUNCTION  
1
3
DCD1  
DSR1  
RTS1  
CTS1  
RI1  
2
4
RX1  
TX1  
Serial 1  
5
6
7
DTR1  
GND  
DSR2  
RTS2  
CTS2  
RI2  
8
9
DCD2  
RX2  
10  
12  
14  
16  
18  
11  
13  
15  
17  
TX2  
Serial 2  
DTR2  
GND  
 
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
25  
J20 for Ethernet  
J20 is used the Ethernet connection.  
J20  
Ethernet  
Figure 13.  
Table 15 shows the J20 connector pin out.  
Table 15. J20 Connector pin out  
J20 Connector Layout  
PIN #  
SIGNAL  
+3.3V  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
ACTIVITY LED  
RX+  
RX-  
LINK LED  
GND  
TX+  
TX-  
 
26  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
The Eurotech Ethernet Transceiver  
To establish an Ethernet connection an Ethernet Transceiver must be used. Eurotech supplies a Transceiver  
that can be placed between the J20 connector of the CPU board and the network cable.  
To CPU Board  
RJ45 Connector  
NetConnector  
Figure 14.  
The Eurotech Ethernet Adapter  
The green led is fixed, and signals the correct connection of the module. The yellow led blinks when there is  
activity (data IN/OUT) on the net connection.  
With RJ45 connectors, only twisted pair cables can be used.  
Important Note. Connection to a 100BASE-TX hub for 100 Mbps operation requires the use of  
Cat.5 Unshielded Twisted-Pair (UTP) cable or Cat.5 Shielded Twisted-Pair (STP) cable. The  
maximum length between the 100BASE-TX hub and the adapter is 100 meters. Connection to a  
10BASE-T hub for 10 Mbps operation requires a Cat.3, 4 or 5 UTP cable or Cat.5 STP cable. The  
preferred maximum cable length between the CPU module and the Ethernet adapter is 10 cm  
(4”)  
.
 
Chapter 4 The Set-up Program  
This chapter explains how to use and modify the setup options. These options allow configuring properly the  
CPU board.  
Note. The Setup Program can be improved to match the technical requirements.  
To enter in the Setup Program reboot or switch-on your module and then press the “F2” key.  
After waiting a few seconds the main menu will appear.  
The Main menu of the set-up program shows a list of options that are available. A highlight illustrates which  
option is currently selected.  
 
28  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
Use the cursor arrow keys to move the highlight to other options.  
When an option (i.e.: General) is highlighted, it is possible to execute it by pressing the “Enter” key.  
A table of items will be displayed on the right side of the screen.  
Now it is possible to select among several items (i.e.: Time, Date, Floppy Disk 1,… ) using the arrow keys  
and the “Enter” key. When an item is highlighted, it is possible to change its value by pressing the “PageUp”  
and “PageDown” keys. Time and Date items are set using the keys “PageUp” and “PageDown” and the  
keys from “0” to “9”; press “Enter” to confirm. To correct errors press the “BackSpace” key.  
Press the “ESC” key to return to the items of the Main menu.  
Select “Quit” to exit from the Setup program.  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
29  
The follow screen will be displayed:  
Select with the “ENTER” key the first option “Save data to Flash” to store the parameters into the EEPROM.  
Select Discard changes to leave unaltered the previous stored parameters.  
30  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
The Set-up pages  
The Set-up Program is composed of several pages. They are listed below:  
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
General  
Devices  
Communications  
Primary ATAPI  
Secondary ATAPI  
Advanced  
PCI Advanced  
ISA Bus  
Error Handling  
General Page  
This page contain settings for the following devices:  
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
Time  
Date (for the Real Time Clock)  
Floppy Disk 1(*)  
Floppy Disk 2(*)  
Keyboard  
Quick Boot  
Boot Try Sequence  
(*) The CPU-1461 Module can perform Floppy Disk 1 and 2 options only if used together with an Add-on  
module where floppy disk ports are available.  
 
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
31  
Time  
The time is displayed in standard format: hh mm ss (hours - minutes - seconds).  
Date  
The date is display in standard format: MMM DD YYYY (month - day - year).  
Floppy disks  
The floppy disks are numbered starting from one and the BIOS maps these drivers starting form the letter “A”.  
Note: when the boot sequence starts from floppy disk number one (DOS letter “A”), any device selected as  
floppy disk 1 can be a bootable disk. Obviously this device must represent a real bootable disk, with a proper  
boot sector and containing a valid O.S.  
All the floppy disks can be configured with the same options. The CPU-1461 Module can perform floppy disk  
options only if used together with an Add-on module where floppy disk ports are available:  
Option  
Description  
No floppy disk selected  
Note  
None  
360 KB  
1.2 MB  
720 KB  
1.44 MB  
Floppy disk 5 ¼ - size 360 Kbytes  
Floppy disk 5 ¼ - size 1.2 Mbytes  
Floppy disk 3 ½ - size 720 Kbytes  
Floppy disk 3 ½ - size 1.44 Mbytes  
On-board Flash EEPROM  
Common used size  
Always available on all boards  
Integrated SSD  
Keyboard  
If the keyboard is not really necessary in the system, you can disable it. In this way the system can bootstrap  
without error.  
Option  
Not Present  
Present  
Description  
Keyboard presence ignored  
BIOS look for keyboard  
Note  
Useful for embedded systems  
Quick Boot  
With quick boot enabled, the system takes less than 5 seconds for a bootstrapping. This improvement is  
obtained to the disadvantage of BIOS tests (the setup must be correct and the peripheral must be connected  
to the module and ready at the boot); in particular the following test are skipped:  
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
System memory pattern test  
Keyboard detection  
Floppy disk presence (seek test)  
RTC time test  
Option  
Disabled  
Enabled  
Description  
Normal BIOS test are used  
Reduce set of BIOS test are used  
Note  
32  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
Boot Try Sequence  
The Boot Try Sequence allows exchanging the boot disk order among Floppy Disk 1, Hard Disk 1, CD-ROM  
and NET.  
Option  
FD1 / HD1 / NET  
NET / FD1 / HD1  
HD1 / FD1 / NET  
Description  
Bootstrap order: FD1, HD1, NET  
Bootstrap order: NET, FD1, HD1  
Bootstrap order: HD1, FD1, NET  
Note  
CD-ROM / FD1 / HD1 Bootstrap order: CD-ROM, FD1, HD1  
Devices Page  
This page controls all the on-board system-devices; in particular:  
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Floppy Disk Controller  
Primary EIDE  
Secondary EIDE  
Video Controller  
AC97 Controllers  
Network  
PS/2 Mouse  
Bridge MAC Address  
Floppy Controller  
The Floppy controller can be enabled or disabled  
 
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
33  
Primary and secondary EIDE  
This option enables or disables the on-board EIDE hard disk controllers. For example, if an external hard  
disk controller needs to be used, the internal one must be disabled.  
Option  
Disabled  
Enabled  
Description  
Disable the on-board hard disk controller  
Enable the on-board hard disk controller  
Note  
An external controller can be used  
Video Controller  
The on-board Video Controller can be automatically disabled if another one is found in the system; otherwise  
the on-board video controller can be forced anyway, even if another controller is present.  
Option  
Description  
Note  
Replace with Add-On if any  
Always use Integrated  
If an external controller is found, it is used  
In any case the on-board controller in used  
AC97 Controller  
The on board AC97 controller can be enabled or disabled  
Network  
In PCI system the user can manually enables or disables the on-board network adapter.  
Option  
Description  
Note  
Disabled  
Enabled Device only  
Enabled device and Firmware  
Disable the on-board network controller  
Enable the on-board network controller  
Enable the on-board network controller  
and the Firmware in order to allow the boot  
from network  
PS/2 Mouse  
If not used, the PS/2 mouse can be disabled. In this way the interrupt IRQ 12, normally reserved for mouse,  
is free for PCI bus or other devices.  
Note: the interrupt reserved for mouse is fixed (IRQ 12); it is displayed for information only.  
Option  
Description  
Note  
Disabled  
Enabled  
Disable the on-board mouse controller  
Enable the on-board mouse controller  
Bridge MAC Address  
This option allows configuring the hexadecimal values of the Bridge MAC Address.  
34  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
Communications Page  
This page concerns all the on-board communication interfaces:  
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Serial Port1  
Mode  
VP2000 and VT100  
Serial Port2  
Mode  
VP2000 and VT100  
Parallel Port  
Mode  
VP2000 and VT100  
Serial Ports 1 and 2  
Serial Port 1 is RS232 only. Serial Port 2 is RS232/422/485.  
Serial Port Address (the same options for both Serial Ports)  
Option  
Description  
Disable the serial port  
Note  
Disabled  
3F8h  
2F8h  
3E8h  
2E8h  
Serial Port address selected at 3F8h  
Serial Port address selected at 2F8h  
Serial Port address selected at 3E8h  
Serial Port address selected at 3E8h  
 
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
35  
Note: not all consecutive IRQ numbers from 3 to 15 can be used; to help the selection, the Setup  
program displays legal IRQ numbers only.  
Note: the IRQ is shared: the ports can use the same IRQ number.  
VP2000 and VT100  
With this option the user can enable or disable the VP2000 and VT100 functionality serial ports.  
Parallel Port  
Parallel Port Address  
Option  
Description  
Disable the serial port  
Parallel Port address selected at 378h  
Parallel Port address selected at 278h  
Note  
Note  
Disabled  
0378h  
0278h  
Parallel Port IRQ Number  
Option  
Description  
No IRQ selected for the Parallel Port  
IRQ 3 selected  
None  
3
4
IRQ 4 selected  
...  
12  
...  
IRQ 12 selected  
Note: not all consecutive IRQ numbers from 3 to 12 can be used; to help the selection, the Setup  
program displays legal IRQ numbers only.  
Parallel DMA Channel  
Option  
Description  
No DMA selected for the Parallel Port  
DMA Channel 0 selected  
Note  
None  
0
1
3
DMA Channel 1 selected  
DMA Channel 3 selected  
Parallel Port Mode  
The user, according the parallel device connected to the interface, can choose The Parallel Port Mode. The  
default mode is Bidirectional.  
Option  
Description  
Standard mono-directional printer interface  
Bi-directional printer interface  
EPP and SPP mode  
Note  
Printer  
Bi-directional  
PP FIFO  
ECP  
ECP mode  
EPP  
VP2000  
EPP mode  
With this option the user can enable or disable the VP2000 functionality on the parallel port.  
36  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
Primary and Secondary ATAPI Page  
This option concerns mass storage devices using a standard EIDE interface.  
The CPU board has two EIDE controllers, so the ATAPI Units can be separated in two parts: ATAPI Primary  
and ATAPI Secondary. In any case the options are the same.  
Note: ATAPI (or EIDE) devices can be both hard disks and CD_ROM devices or, sometimes, storage  
tape-units.  
Note: each EIDE interface supports two peripherals, called master unit and slave unit. Remember to  
select as master unit a bootable disk (containing any valid O.S.).  
ATAPI unit type  
Option  
Description  
Note  
None  
Auto  
LBA  
CHS  
CD-ROM  
Other  
No unit selected  
Unit auto-detection  
LBA unit selected  
CHS unit selected  
CD-ROM unit selected  
Other unit selected  
Note: when the Auto feature is selected, the BIOS ignores any other data (like Mode, Cyls, Head, etc.).  
Use this option for the most of hard disks or other ATAPI devices.  
Note: LBA and CHS are two different types of ATAPI units addressing mode. The first one is normally  
used with modern hard disks, from 512 Kbytes to above 8 Gbytes in size. For both modes, the user  
should know the physical hard-disk structure in terms of Cylinders, Heads and Sectors. For easy use of  
any kind of disk, the Auto option is preferable.  
Note: to speed-up the bootstrap select the option None for unused ATAPI devices.  
 
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
37  
PIO Mode  
PIO is a special data-transfer system between two or more EIDE devices, where all the data pass through  
the processor. There are five transfer rates, called PIO mode n (with n=0..4). If the Auto (autodetect) option  
is disabled, the PIO mode must be specified.  
Option  
Description  
Transfer Rate of 3.3 MBps  
Transfer Rate of 5.2 MBps  
Transfer Rate of 8.3 MBps  
Transfer Rate of 11.1 MBps  
Transfer Rate of 16.6 MBps  
Note  
PIO-0  
PIO-1  
PIO-2  
PIO-3  
PIO-4  
Translation Mode  
Modern hard-disks have more cylinders than maximum number of cylinders permitted by DOS, so,  
theoretically, a DOS machine couldn’t use a modern big-sized hard disk. This problem is solved using a  
special addressing mechanism. This “mechanism” is called translation. The most common translation  
method are LBA (Logical Block Addressing) and ECHS (Enhanced Cylinders - Heads - Sectors).  
Option  
Description  
Note  
LBA  
ECHS  
LBA translation  
Extended CHS translation  
Cylinders  
Number of hard-disk cylinders (normally written on the disk label). If the auto-detection is used (suggested  
method!), the cylinders value is ignored by the BIOS.  
Option  
Description  
Number of cylinders  
Note  
0..65536  
Heads  
Number of hard-disk heads (normally written on the disk label). If the auto-detection is used (suggested  
method!), the heads value is ignored by the BIOS.  
Option  
Description  
Number of heads  
Note  
0..64  
Sect/Tr  
Number of sectors per track (normally written on the disk label). If the auto-detection is used (suggested  
method!), the sectors value is ignored by the BIOS.  
Option  
Description  
Note  
0..255  
Number of sectors per track  
Size (MB)  
This is the hard-disk size, in Mbytes, calculated by the BIOS, using either the autodetect method or the user  
hand-written values (for cylinders, heads and sectors).  
Note: the size cannot be changed directly by the user.  
38  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
Detect Now  
Using the Detect Now option, the user can start manually the hard-disk autodetect procedure and see  
immediately the result, as well as the size (in Mbytes), in terms of cylinders, heads and sectors numbers.  
Advanced page  
This page allow the configuration of:  
Legacy PnP Support  
Watch Dog start at boot  
Watch Dog Timeout  
Legacy PnP Support can be enabled or disabled.  
The watch Dog starts at Boot and, if enabled, when the selected timeout expires, resets the CPU.  
Watch Dog starts at Boot  
Option  
Description  
Watch Dog disabled  
Note  
Disabled  
Minutes  
Seconds  
Watch Dog unit of measurement: Minutes  
Watch Dog unit of measurement: Seconds  
Watch Dog timeout (>=2)  
Option  
Description  
Note  
2
255  
The Watch Dog timeout can range from 2 up  
to 255  
 
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
39  
PCI Advanced Page  
This page can be used to specify some advanced PCI options like:  
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ISA IRQ  
Latency Time (both for CPU and devices)  
ISA IRQ  
This option makes possible any assignment between an ISA IRQ (for the Interrupt Controller) and the four  
PCI IRQ lines A, B, C and D. Obviously not all the assignments are legal, but the Setup programs shows  
only the available ISA interrupts.  
Option  
Description  
Note  
9
Routes PCI INT_n (n = A, B, C or D) to ISA IRQ 9  
Routes PCI INT_n (n = A, B, C or D) to ISA IRQ 10  
Routes PCI INT_n (n = A, B, C or D) to ISA IRQ 11  
Routes PCI INT_n (n = A, B, C or D) to ISA IRQ 12  
The IRQ# can be shared  
The IRQ# can be shared  
The IRQ# can be shared  
The IRQ# can be shared  
10  
11  
12  
Note: the ISA IRQ number can be shared among the PCI IRQ lines A, B, C and D.  
Latency Time (Devices)  
This Latency Time is the maximum time, expressed in clock cycle unit, that a generic PCI Device (like PCI  
bus master) can hold the control of the PCI bus. The default value, generally, is 32.  
Option  
Description  
Note  
0..255  
Latency time expressed in clock cycle units  
 
40  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
ISA Bus  
This page allows configuring for the I/O spaces and the memory address windows:  
Error Handling Page  
Generally, in a normal desktop BIOS, when an error is encountered by the POST sequence, the bootstrap  
stops and waits for a reboot. For example, a simple keyboard absence represents an irrecoverable error.  
This can be a serious problem in embedded systems. Using the Error Handling page, the user can decide to  
ignore one or more of errors that could be encountered during the boot.  
 
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
41  
Error on Keyboard  
The user can decide for himself if a keyboard error must stop the boot process or not.  
Option  
Ignore  
Prompt User  
Description  
Note  
The keyboard error is ignored  
When a keyboard error occurs, the system stops and waits for the user  
Error on Video  
The user can decide for himself if a video error must stop the boot process or not.  
Option  
Ignore  
Prompt User  
Description  
Note  
Note  
Note  
Note  
The video error is ignored  
When a video error occurs, the system stops and waits for the user  
Error on Floppy Disks  
The user can decide for himself if a floppy disks error must stop the boot process or not.  
Option  
Ignore  
Prompt User  
Description  
The floppy disks error is ignored  
When a floppy disks error occurs, the system stops and waits for the user  
Error on Fixed Disks  
The user can decide for himself if a floppy disks error must stop the boot process or not.  
Option  
Ignore  
Prompt User  
Description  
The fixed disks error is ignored  
When a fixed disks error occurs, the system stops and waits for the user  
Error on Real Time Clock  
The user can decide for himself if a Real Time Clock (RTC) error must stop the boot process or not.  
Option  
Ignore  
Prompt User  
Description  
The RTC error is ignored  
When a RTC error occurs, the system stops and waits for the user  
Chapter 5 Watch Dog Timer  
This chapter explains how to use the Watch Dog timer.  
You can also find information about how to use it through the System BIOS or directly by I/O mapped  
registers.  
 
44  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
What is a Watch Dog?  
The Watch Dog is a hardware countdown timer (2-255 sec./min.) that can be used to automatically restart the  
system in case of system or program execution failure.  
Once enabled the Watch Dog must be refreshed (reloaded with the starting timeout value) by the application  
software before the timeout expires.  
If the program execution stops, the application software will not refresh the Watch Dog anymore. A hardware  
reset will be generated when the timeout expires.  
The Watch Dog is implemented using the National PC87364 SPIO Watch Dog feature.  
How to use the Watch Dog  
To enable, disable and refresh the Watch Dog you can:  
Use the System BIOS INT52h functions.  
Directly access Watch Dog I/O mapped registers.  
Use the System BIOS INT 52h functions  
This method can be used only with operating systems that preserve BIOS functions after boot (like DOS).  
Watch Dog timeout is fixed at 2 seconds.  
How to turn the Watch Dog ON  
Make a call to INT52h with AH=00Ch. The Watch Dog will be enabled to a fixed timeout of 2 seconds. Then  
the Watch Dog must be periodically (before 2 seconds) refreshed to avoid a hardware reset.  
Assembler code example:  
MOV AH,00Ch  
INT  
052h  
How to refresh Watch Dog  
Make a call to INT52h with AH=00Eh. The Watch Dog counter will be reloaded with a fixed timeout of 2  
seconds.  
Assembler code example:  
MOV AH,00Eh  
INT  
052h  
 
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
45  
How to turn the Watch Dog OFF  
Make a call to INT52h with AH=00Dh. The Watch Dog will be disabled. Then the Watch Dog doesn’t need to  
be periodically refreshed anymore.  
Assembler code example:  
MOV AH,00Dh  
INT  
052h  
Directly accessing Watch Dog I/O mapped registers  
This method must be used when the operating system you are using doesn’t allow you to use the System  
BIOS calls, or when you need a different timeout than 2 seconds.  
The following assembler code examples explain how to handle the Super I/O (SPIO) National PC87364  
Watch Dog:  
IO_SPIO_WDT_BASE EQU 7030h ; National PC87364 SPIO Watch Dog  
Use the following code to Enable Watch Dog :  
; Configure Watch Dog Mask Register ...  
MOV DX,IO_SPIO_WDT_BASE+00001h  
IN AL,DX  
; Mask Register  
AND AL,11110000b  
OUT DX,AL  
; No IRQs refresh  
; Set Time Unit ...  
MOV DX,IO_SPIO_WDT_BASE+002h  
IN AL,DX  
; Status Register  
AND AL,NOT 10000100b  
OUT DX,AL  
; Clear Time Unit  
; Update Register  
; Watch Dog in minutes now  
IFDEF TIME_IN_SECONDS  
; Add this code to set Watch Dog in seconds …  
OR  
AL,10000000b  
; Set Seconds 1st step  
; Update Register  
OUT DX,AL  
OR  
OUT DX,AL  
AL,00000100b  
; Set Seconds 2nd step  
; Update Register  
ENDIF  
; Set Timeout ...  
 
46  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
MOV DX,IO_SPIO_WDT_BASE  
MOV AL,DesideredTimeout  
OUT DX,AL  
; Timeout Period Register  
; 2..255 seconds/minutes  
Use following code to refresh the Watch Dog :  
; Reload original Timeout...  
MOV DX,IO_SPIO_WDT_BASE  
MOV AL,DesideredTimeout  
OUT DX,AL  
; 2..255 seconds/minutes  
Use the following code to disable the Watch Dog (no additional refresh required):  
; Set Timeout to 0 Seconds ...  
MOV DX,IO_SPIO_WDT_BASE  
MOV AL,0  
; Timeout Period Register  
OUT DX,AL  
Note: for further information about the Watch Dog programming, refer to “PC87364 128-Pin LPC  
SuperI/O” manual by National Semiconductor.  
Chapter 6 Troubleshooting  
Many problems that you may encounter with your CPU are due to common errors like bad (cable)  
connections or misaligned pins.  
Warning! Inserting the connectors backwards or misaligning pins may be result in serious  
damage for the (CPU) modules connected in the Development Kit!  
This chapter will help you get your system operating properly.  
It contains:  
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¾
¾
¾
Common problems and solutions  
Troubleshooting a PC/104 system  
How to obtain technical support  
How to return a product  
 
48  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
Common Problems and Solutions  
The following table lists some of the common problems that you may encounter using your CPU module, and  
suggests possible solutions. If you have problems with your CPU module, please review this table before  
contacting technical support.  
Table 16. Common problems and solutions  
CPU Module doesn’t work  
No power or wrong polarity  
Check for correct power on PC/104 bus connectors  
Defective or misconnected device  
on bus  
Check for misaligned bus connectors, remove other cards from stack  
Cable connected backwards  
Verify all cables are connected properly  
Troubleshooting a PC/104 System  
If you have reviewed the preceding table and still cannot isolate the problem with your CPU module, please  
try the following troubleshooting steps. Even if the resulting information does not help you find the problem, it  
will be very helpful if you contact technical support.  
¾
Simplify the system. Remove items one at a time and see if one particular item seems to cause the  
problem.  
¾
Swap components. Try replacing items in the system one-at-a-time with similar items.  
Technical/Sales Assistance  
If you have a technical question, please call Eurotech Customer Support Service at one of the numbers  
below, or e-mail our technical support team at:  
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¾
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Phone: +39.0433.485.411  
Fax: +39.0433.485.499  
If you have a sales question, please contact your local Eurotech Sales Representative or the Regional Sales  
Office for your area.  
Current information is available at the Eurotech website, located at:  
 
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
49  
Manuals, application notes, patches, drivers and BIOS can be found at:  
Returning For Service  
Before returning any of Eurotech's products, you must call Eurotech Technical Support at +39.0433.485.411  
or fill in and send (by Fax: +39.0433.485.499 or e-mail: [email protected]) the “Repair Order Module”  
to obtain a Returned Material Authorization (RMA) number. The Module will be returned to you with the RMA  
number for enclosure with the returned products.  
Note. You must have the RMA number in order to return any product for any reason!  
The following information is needed to expedite the shipment of a replacement to you:  
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¾
¾
¾
Your company name and address for invoice  
Shipping address and phone number  
Product I.D. number  
The name of a technically qualified individual at your company familiar with the mode of failure on the  
module  
¾
A detailed description of the problem and of the current configuration including OS and software loaded.  
If the unit is out of warranty, service is available at a pre-established service charge. Contact Eurotech for  
pricing and please supply a purchase order number for invoicing the repair. Pack the module in an anti-static  
material and ship it in a sturdy cardboard box with enough packing material to adequately cushion it.  
Warning! Any product returned to Eurotech improperly packed will immediately void the warranty for  
that particular product!  
 
Repair Order Module  
For order repair or replacement of a defective Eurotech product. Please fill in this document.  
Don’t write anything into the space to the left. Your Return Material Authorization  
number will be assigned by Eurotech Technical Support  
RMA:  
Company Name:  
Division:  
Contact Name:  
Telephone:  
Fax:  
Email:  
Product name or  
model:  
Serial Number:  
O.S. Used:  
Problem description  
In accordance with the Limited warranty on this product, Eurotech or its representative will, at its option,  
determine whether the defective product will be repaired or replaced. If the warranty has expired, or if the  
product does not qualify for warranty service, you will be billed for a service fee.  
Notes:  
Appendix  
 
54  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
A.1 Electrical and Environmental Specifications  
The following section provides tables and illustrations showing the electrical, mechanical and environmental  
specifications.  
You will find:  
¾
Operating Characteristics  
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Electrical operating characteristics  
Backup Battery characteristics  
Operating temperature Range  
¾
¾
Absolute maximum ratings  
MTBF  
Operating Characteristics  
Electrical Operating Characteristics  
Recommended power supply: VDD= +5V (with tolerance +/-5%)  
Power consumption: 13.0 W typical (Pentium III 800MHz, 256MB).  
Battery current draw (board off without any device on the SSD): 7 μA.  
Note. This module is not warranted against damage caused by overheating due to improper or  
insufficient cooling or airflow.  
Backup Battery Characteristics  
There is no configuration data saved by the BIOS into the CMOS Real Time Clock. Therefore, the CPU  
module does not need a battery, except in the case of applications needing to retrain the date and time at  
power-off.  
Battery Voltage:  
VBAT= 3.6V (range = 3V to 3.9V)  
Note. Setup data is stored into the BIOS Flash EPROM; it is therefore impossible to lose the setup  
data due to a lack of backup-battery supply.  
Operating Temperature Range  
For proper operation of the module, the ambient air temperature must remain inside this range:  
0°C to +50°C (+32°F to +122°F).  
The +50°C test was made at a constant temperature in a climatic chamber.  
 
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
55  
Absolute Maximum Ratings  
Table 17. Absolute Maximum Ratings  
Vcc: 0.00 to 7.00V  
Supply Voltage:  
Storage Temperature Range:  
Non-Condensing Relative Humidity:  
-50°C to +85°C (-58°F to +185°F)  
<95% at 40°C (+104°F)  
This module is available also in Extended Temperature Ranges.  
Warning! Stressing the device beyond the “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent  
damage. These are stress ratings only. Operation beyond the “Operating Conditions” is not  
recommended. Extended exposure beyond the “Operating Conditions” may affect device  
reliability.  
MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures)  
Hours: 555000  
Condition: GB-25  
 
A.2 Mechanical Dimensions  
The CPU-1461 mechanical dimensions are shown in the following picture:  
¾
Dimensions: 90 X 96 mm (3.6”X3.8”);  
Height 18.6 mm (0.7”), pins and components on the bottom side not included  
6.4  
42.0  
16.0  
13.6  
5.1  
2.0  
HEATSINK  
5.5  
2.0  
5.3  
5.3  
5.1  
5.3  
? 6.4 PAD  
? 3.2 HOLE  
11.0  
18.6  
2.0  
2.0  
2.0  
16.0  
14.0  
18.0  
5.1  
4.9  
8.0  
95.9  
5.5  
Dimensions are in millimeters  
Figure 15.  
CPU-1461 Board dimensions  
Note: For further information about the mechanical dimensions of ISA and PCI buses please  
refer to the PC/104 Consortium site (www.pc104.org)  
 
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
57  
USB Audio Codec Dimensions  
In the following picture are shown the USB Audio Codec mechanical dimensions:  
95.3  
91.3  
22.0  
10.9  
4.0  
1.5  
3.1  
14.9  
13.1  
13.1  
75.6  
82.6  
91.2  
Dimensions are in millimeters  
13.1  
Figure 16.  
USB Audio Codec Dimensions  
Ethernet Adapter Dimensions  
In the following picture are shown the Ethernet Adapter mechanical dimensions:  
49.0  
43.4  
3.0  
Dimensions are in millimeters  
Figure 17.  
Ethernet Adapter Dimensions  
 
58  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
Multifunction Adapter Dimensions  
In the following picture are shown the Multifunction Adapter mechanical dimensions:  
4.0  
4.0  
62.0  
3.2  
12.0  
Battery  
J6  
J1  
J5  
J4  
14.0  
12.0  
14.0  
3.0  
33.5  
8.0  
8.0  
12.0  
3.0  
15.0  
20.0  
20.0  
4.0  
70.0  
Dimensions are in millimeters  
Figure 18. Multifunction Adapter Dimensions  
A.3 Safety Summary  
The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation, service, and  
repair of this equipment. Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this  
manual violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the equipment. Eurotech SpA  
assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.  
The safety precautions listed below represent warnings of certain dangers of which Eurotech is aware. You,  
as the user of the product, should follow these warnings and all other safety precautions necessary for the  
safe operation of the equipment in your operating environment.  
 
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
59  
Ground the Instrument  
To minimize shock hazard, the equipment chassis and enclosure must be connected to an electrical ground.  
The equipment is supplied with a three-conductor ac power cable; the power cable must be plugged into an  
approved three-contact electrical outlet, with the grounding wire (green) firmly connected to an electrical  
ground (safety ground) at the power outlet. The power jack and mating plug of the power cable meet  
International Electro technical Commission QEC) safety standards.  
Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere  
Do not operate the equipment in the presence of flammable gases or fumes. Operation of any electrical  
equipment in such an environment constitutes a definite safety hazard.  
Keep Away From Live Circuits  
Operating personnel must not remove equipment covers. Only Factory Authorized Service Personnel or  
other qualified maintenance personnel may remove equipment covers for internal subassembly or  
component replacement or any internal adjustment. Do not replace components with power cable connected.  
Under certain conditions, dangerous voltages may exist even with the power cable removed. To avoid  
injuries, always disconnect power and discharge circuits before touching them.  
Use Caution When Exposing or Handling the CRT  
Breakage of the Cathode-Ray Tube (CRT) causes a high-velocity scattering of glass fragments (implosion).  
To prevent CRT implosion, avoid rough handling or jarring of the equipment. Only qualified maintenance  
personnel using approved safety mask and gloves should do handling of the CRT.  
Do Not Substitute Parts or Modify Equipment  
Because of the danger of introducing additional hazards, do not install substitute parts or perform any  
unauthorized modification of the equipment. Contact Eurotech technical staff or your local representative for  
service and repair to ensure that safety features are maintained.  
Observe Dangerous Procedure Warnings  
Warnings, such as the example below, precede potentially dangerous procedures throughout this manual.  
Instructions contained in the warnings must be followed. You should also employ all other safety precautions,  
which you deem necessary for the operation of the equipment in your operating environment.  
Flammability  
All Eurotech printed circuit boards (PCB) are manufactured by UL recognized manufacturers and have a  
flammability rating of UL-V0.  
EMI Caution  
This equipment generates, uses and can radiate electromagnetic energy. It may cause or be susceptible to  
electromagnetic interference (EMI) if not installed and used in a cabinet with adequate EMI protection.  
CE Notice  
This product complies with the EMC Directive (89/336/EEC). Compliance with this directive implies  
conformity to the following European Norms:  
¾
¾
EN55022 (CISPR 22) Radio Frequency Interference  
EN50082-1 (IEC801-2, IEC801-3, IEC801-4) Electromagnetic Immunity  
 
60  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
The product also fulfills EN60950 (product safety), which is essentially the requirement for the Low Voltage  
Directive (73/23/EEC). This product was tested in a representative system to show compliance with the  
above-mentioned requirements. A proper installation in a CE-marked system will maintain the required  
EMC/safety performance.  
Disclaimer of Warranty  
THIS MANUAL IS PROVIDED ’AS IS’ WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR  
IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY  
AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. The laws of some states and countries do not allow the  
disclaimer of express or implied warranties in certain transactions; therefore, this statement may not apply to  
you. As such, the above warranty disclaimer shall only apply to the extent permitted by law.  
Notice  
While reasonable efforts have been made to assure the accuracy of this document, Eurotech S.p.A.  
assumes no liability resulting from any omissions in this document, or from the use of the information  
contained therein. It is not warranted that the contents of this publication or any accompanying source code  
examples, whether individually or as one or more groups, will meet your requirements or that the publication  
or the accompanying source code examples are error-free. This publication could include technical  
inaccuracies or typographical errors.  
Eurotech reserves the right to revise this document and to change its contents at any time without obligation  
to notify any person of such revision or changes. Any reference to a licensed program in this publication is  
not intended to state or imply that you can use only that licensed program. You can use any functionally  
equivalent program instead. No part of this material may be reproduced or copied in any tangible medium, or  
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, radio, electronic, mechanical,  
photocopying, recording or facsimile, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Eurotech S.p.A.  
Reliability  
Eurotech has taken extra care of product design in order to ensure reliability. The two major ways in which  
reliability is achieved are:  
¾
The product is designed in top-down fashion, utilizing the latest in hardware and software  
techniques, so unwanted side effects and unclean interactions between parts of the system are  
eliminated.  
¾
Eurotech tests each board by exercising its functions, burns it in under power, and retests it to  
ensure that the infant mortality phase is passed before the product is shipped.  
Life Support Policy  
Eurotech products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems  
without the express written approval of the president of Eurotech S.p.A.  
 
Glossary  
A
ATA  
Advanced Technology Attachment, is a disk drive implementation integrating the controller on the disk drive.  
There are several versions of ATA:  
ƒ
ƒ
ATA: Known also as IDE, supports one or two hard drives, a 16-bit interface and PIO modes 0, 1  
and 2.  
ATA-2: Supports faster PIO modes (3 and 4) and multiword DMA modes (1 and 2). Also supports  
Logical Block Addressing (LBA) and block transfers. ATA-2 is marketed as Fast ATA and Enhanced  
IDE (EIDE).  
ƒ
ƒ
ATA-3: Minor revision to ATA-2.  
Ultra-ATA: Also called Ultra-DMA, ATA-33, and DMA-33, supports multiword DMA mode 3 running  
at 33 MBps.  
ƒ
ATA/66: A new version of ATA, that will double ATA throughput to 66 MBps  
ATAPI  
Short for AT Attachment Packet Interface, an extension to EIDE that enables the interface to support CD-  
ROM players  
B
BIOS  
Basic I/O system. A set of routines that works closely with the hardware to support the transfer of information  
between elements of the system, such as memory, disks, and the monitor. Although critical to performance,  
the BIOS is usually invisible to the end user; however, programmers can access it.  
 
62  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
C
CELLULAR  
Refers to communications systems where a geographic region is divided into sectors, called cells.  
CPU  
CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the heart (computational and control unit) of a computer.  
This device interprets and executes instructions.  
D
DMA  
The Direct Memory Access is a technique for transferring data from the memory to a device. Data doesn’t  
pass through the CPU.  
DEVICE  
It is any circuit performing a specific function.  
E
ECP  
Extended Capabilities Port. An asynchronous, 8-bit–wide parallel channel defined by IEEE 1284-1944 that  
provides PC-to-peripheral and peripheral-to-PC data transfers.  
EEPROM  
EEPROM (also known as E2PROM) stands for Electronic Erasable Programmable ROM.  
This type of memory can be re-programmed by electronic signals.  
EPROM  
EPROM stands for Erasable Programmable ROM.  
This type of memory can only be erased by ultra-violet (UV) light.  
ETHERNET  
It is a type of Local Area Network (LAN) architecture. Ethernet supports data transfer rates of 10Mbps.  
A newer version of Ethernet, called Fast Ethernet (or 100Base-T), supports data transfer rates of 100 Mbps.  
And the newest version, Gigabit Ethernet supports data rates of 1 Gbit (1000 megabits) per second.  
F
FDC  
Floppy Disk Controller. A special-purpose chip and associated circuitry that directs and controls reading from  
and writing to a computer’s disk drive.  
FIFO  
First in/first out. A method for processing a queue in which items are removed in the same order in which  
they were added.  
Flash ROM  
Flash ROM (like EEPROM) can be re-programmed by electronic signals. Usually a Flash ROM has a  
capacity of 1MB.Into this memory usually resides BIOS and other useful programs or instructions.  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
63  
G
GPS  
Global Positioning System is a worldwide satellite navigational system formed by satellites orbiting the earth  
and their corresponding receivers on the earth.  
GSM  
Global System for Mobile communications, is one of the leading digital cellular systems, and uses  
narrowband Time Division Multiple Access that allows eight simultaneous calls on the same radio frequency.  
H
HDC  
Hard Disk Controller is a special-purpose chip and circuitry that directs and controls reading from and writing  
to a computer’s disk drive.  
I
IDE  
Integrated Device Electronics is a disk drive interface where the controller electronics reside on the drive  
itself. This allows elimination of the need for a separate adapter card.  
IEEE  
IEEE stands for Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, pronounced “I-triple-E.” Founded in 1963,  
IEEE is an organization composed of engineers, scientists, and students. IEEE is best known for developing  
standards for the computer and electronics industry.  
I/O  
I/O (Input/output). Two of the three activities that characterize a computer (input, processing, and output).  
Refers to the complementary tasks of gathering data for the microprocessor to work with and making the  
results available to the user through a device such as the display, disk drive, or printer.  
IRQ  
IRQ (Interrupt ReQuest). A method by which a device can request to be serviced by the device’s software  
driver. The system board uses a PIC to monitor the priority of the requests from all devices. When a request  
occurs, a microprocessor suspends the current operation and gives control to the device driver associated  
with the interrupt.  
ISA  
ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) is an 8-bit / 16-bit bus that provides a buffered interface from devices on  
expansion cards to the PC internal bus.  
L
LAN  
LAN (Local Area Network). A group of computers and other devices spanned over a relatively limited area  
(i.e. a single building).  
LBA  
LBA (Logical Block Address). A unit of data supplied or requested by a host computer.  
64  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
M
MIDI  
MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface). An industry-standard connection for computer control of musical  
instruments and devices. A hardware and data standard for communicating between hardware. Most  
references involve only the data standard, which is a byte stream used for controlling musical instruments  
and storing the output of such instruments.  
MPEG  
MPEG (Moving Picture Expert Group). Refers to one of several standard video-compression schemes. A  
CODEC for squeezing full-screen, VHS-quality digital video into a small data stream so that it can be played  
from a CD-ROM drive.  
N
NDIS  
NDIS (Network Driver Interface Specification). The interface for network drivers used in Windows and  
Windows NT operating systems. NDIS provides a common mechanism by which any given NDIS-compatible  
transport driver can communicate with any NDIS-compatible network adapter driver. Moreover, it provides for  
multiple transports to work over multiple network adapters by supporting multiplexing between transports and  
drivers.  
NMI  
NMI (Nonmaskable Interrupt). An interrupt that cannot be overruled by another service request. A hardware  
interrupt is called nonmaskable if it cannot be masked by the processor interrupt flag.  
NTSC  
NTSC (National Television System Committee) of the Electronics Industries Association (EIA). The  
standards-setting body for television and video in the United States. Sponsor of the NTSC standard for  
encoding colour, a coding system compatible with black-and-white signals and the first system used for  
colour broadcasting in the United States. The broadcast standard for the United States and Japan. See also  
PAL format and SECAM.  
O
OEM  
OEM stands for Original Equipment Manufacturer. This acronym is used primarily to refer to PC systems  
manufacturers.  
P
PCI  
PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) is a standard high-performance, 32-bit / 64-bit bus, designed to be  
used with devices that have high bandwidth requirements.  
PCMCIA  
PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association). Sometimes used to refer to a  
controller for a type of expansion card documented in the PCMCIA standards.  
PIO  
The Programmed Input/Output is a method of transferring data over the IDE interface. The other way is the  
Direct Memory Access (DMA)  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
65  
R
RAM  
RAM (Random Access Memory). Semiconductor-based memory that can be read-from and written-to by the  
microprocessor or other hardware devices.  
ROM  
ROM stands for Read Only Memory. This memory can only be read-from but not written-to.  
S
SCSI  
SCSI stands for Small Computer System Interface. It is an I/O bus designed as a method for connecting  
several classes of peripherals to a host system without requiring modifications to generic hardware and  
software.  
SECAM  
SECAM (Sequential Couleur a Memoire; Sequential Colour with Memory). The television standard for France,  
Russia, and most of Eastern Europe. As with PAL, SECAM is based on a 50-Hz power system, but it uses a  
different encoding process and displays 819 horizontal lines per frame at a scan rate of 25 frames per  
second (50 fields per second). See also NTSC and PAL format.  
SMBus  
SMBus (System Management Bus). A two-wire interface based on the I²C protocol. The SMBus is a low-  
speed bus that provides positive addressing for devices, as well as bus arbitration.  
SSD  
SSD stands for Solid State Disk (i.e. Disk on Chip, Disk on Module, Flash ROM,).  
In fact this is not a real disk but a silicon support memory without mechanical parts that are in movement.  
TDMA  
Time Division Multiple Access is a technology for delivering digital wireless service using time division  
multiplexing, that is a type of multiplexing combining data streams by assigning each stream a different time  
slot in a set.  
U
UART  
UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter), is a module composed of a circuit that contains both  
the receiving and transmitting circuits required for asynchronous serial communication.  
USB  
USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a 4-pin bi-directional, isochronous, dynamically attachable serial peripheral bus  
that is capable of cascading low/medium speed peripherals (less than 10 Mbit/s)  
66  
PC/104-Plus – CPU-1461 Module  
V
VGA  
VGA Video graphics array. A video adapter that supports 640 × 480-pixel colour resolution. A video display  
standard for boot devices under Windows operating systems.  
W
WAN  
WAN stands for a wide-area network and it is a system of LANs (in geographically separated areas)  
connected together via telephone lines and/or radio waves.  
Acronyms and Abbreviations  
A
Ampere  
Advanced Power Management  
AT Attachment  
ATA Packet Interface  
Basic I/O System  
Direct Memory Access  
Disk On Chip  
LCD  
LPT  
LVD  
MB  
Mbps  
MHZ  
NIDS  
NTSC  
OEM  
PAL  
PCI  
Liquid Crystal Display  
Line Printer  
Low Voltage Differential  
Megabyte  
Megabits per second  
APM  
ATA  
ATAPI  
BIOS  
DMA  
DOC  
DOM  
ECC  
ECP  
FDC  
FDD  
HDC  
HDD  
IDE  
Megahertz  
Network Driver Interface Specification  
National Television System Committee  
Original Equipment Manufacturer  
Phase Alternation Line  
Peripheral Component Interconnect  
Disk On Module  
Error Correction Code  
Enhanced Capabilities Port  
Floppy Disk Drive Controller  
Floppy Disk Drive  
Hard Disk Drive controller  
Hard Disk Drive  
Integrated Device Electronics  
Institute for Electrical and Electronics  
Engineers, Inc.  
PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card  
International Association  
PIC  
PIO  
POST  
RAM  
Programmable Interrupt Controller  
Programmed I/O  
Power-On Self Test  
IEEE  
Random Access Memory  
I/O  
Input/Output  
RAMDAC RAM digital-to-analog converter  
IP  
Internet Protocol  
Interrupt Request  
Industry Standard Architecture  
Kilobyte  
SCSI  
SMBus  
TCP/IP  
Small Computer System Interface  
System Management Bus  
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet  
Protocol  
IRQ  
ISA  
KB  
Kbps  
KHz  
LAN  
LBA  
Kilobits per Second  
Kilohertz  
Local Area Network  
Logical Block Addressing  
USB  
V
W
Universal Serial Bus  
Volt  
Watt  
WAN  
Wide Area Network  
 
Technical & Sales Assistance  
If you have a technical question, please contact the Eurotech Customer Support Service  
Old and new versions of manuals, application notes, patches, drivers and BIOS can be found at:  
If you have a sales question, please contact your local Eurotech Sales Representative or the Regional Sales  
Office for your area.  
Additional and latest information is available at Eurotech website, located at :  

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