Compaq RAID ARRAY 3000 EK SMCPO UG C01 User Manual

Compaq StorageWorks™  
RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage  
Subsystem Hardware  
User’s Guide  
Third Edition (January 2001)  
Part Number EK-SMCPO-UG. C01  
Compaq Computer Corporation  
Contents  
About This Guide  
Purpose and Scope.......................................................................................................ix  
Intended Audience.......................................................................................................ix  
Document Structure.....................................................................................................ix  
Related Documents......................................................................................................xi  
Text Conventions........................................................................................................xii  
Symbols in Text........................................................................................................ xiii  
Symbols on Equipment............................................................................................. xiii  
Rack Stability..............................................................................................................xv  
Getting Help................................................................................................................xv  
Compaq Technical Support .................................................................................xv  
Compaq Website.................................................................................................xvi  
Compaq Authorized Reseller .............................................................................xvi  
Chapter 1  
Product Overview  
Product Description .................................................................................................. 1-1  
Pedestal Features....................................................................................................... 1-4  
Pedestal Cabinet........................................................................................................ 1-5  
Pedestal Components................................................................................................ 1-7  
StorageWorks Building Blocks (SBBs) ............................................................ 1-7  
RAID Array Controller...................................................................................... 1-7  
Pedestal Power Supplies.................................................................................... 1-8  
UPS.................................................................................................................... 1-8  
Environmental Monitor Unit (EMU)................................................................. 1-9  
UltraSCSI Buses.............................................................................................. 1-11  
Connecting the Pedestal to a Host System ............................................................. 1-14  
Specifications.......................................................................................................... 1-19  
iv RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User's Guide  
Chapter 2  
RAID Array Controller  
Controller Overview..................................................................................................2-1  
Controller Features ....................................................................................................2-3  
Controller Reset and LED Indicators ........................................................................2-8  
Flexible RAID Set Configuration..............................................................................2-9  
Performance Enhancements ....................................................................................2-10  
Custom Components ........................................................................................2-10  
Efficient Write and Read Algorithms...............................................................2-11  
RAID Levels Supported ..........................................................................................2-13  
RAID 0 .............................................................................................................2-14  
RAID 1 .............................................................................................................2-16  
RAID 0+1.........................................................................................................2-16  
RAID 4 .............................................................................................................2-18  
RAID 5 .............................................................................................................2-19  
Just a Bunch of Drives (JBOD)........................................................................2-21  
Redundant Operation...............................................................................................2-21  
Initialization......................................................................................................2-21  
Message Passing...............................................................................................2-22  
Failover.............................................................................................................2-22  
Environmental..........................................................................................................2-22  
Backup Power Management.............................................................................2-22  
Voltage Monitoring ..........................................................................................2-24  
Temperature Monitoring ..................................................................................2-26  
Chapter 3  
Maintenance  
Pedestal Status and Power LEDs...............................................................................3-2  
SBB Status LEDs.......................................................................................................3-3  
Controller LEDs.........................................................................................................3-4  
EMU Error Reporting................................................................................................3-5  
EMU Error Conditions .......................................................................................3-6  
Replacing Components (FRUs).................................................................................3-7  
Removing the Pedestal Door..............................................................................3-8  
Replacing an SBB ..............................................................................................3-9  
Replacing a Power Supply ...............................................................................3-10  
Replacing the RAID Array Controller .............................................................3-12  
Replacing the EMU Board ...............................................................................3-13  
Replacing the UPS............................................................................................3-15  
Differential/Wide UltraSCSI Bus............................................................................3-15  
Reconfiguring the SCSI Bus ............................................................................3-16  
Replacing the Controller Memory Cache Modules.................................................3-20  
Contents  
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Chapter 4  
Expansion Pedestal Option  
Product Description .................................................................................................. 4-1  
Expansion Pedestal Cabinet...................................................................................... 4-2  
Expansion Pedestal Components.............................................................................. 4-4  
Reconfiguring Base Pedestal UltraSCSI Bus ........................................................... 4-6  
Chapter 5  
Second Controller Option  
Second Controller Option Kit................................................................................... 5-2  
Installing the Upgrade............................................................................................... 5-3  
Saving Existing Configuration .......................................................................... 5-3  
Updating Firmware............................................................................................ 5-4  
Shutting Down the RA3000 .............................................................................. 5-6  
Installing Two SIMMs into Second Controller................................................. 5-7  
Replacing Existing Controller........................................................................... 5-8  
Restoring the Configuration .............................................................................. 5-9  
Updating Firmware on Second Controller ...................................................... 5-10  
Installing Original Controller .......................................................................... 5-11  
Configuring a Dual Controller Installation for a Single Serial Port....................... 5-11  
Configuring the RA3000 for the Active Mode of Operation.......................... 5-12  
Configuring the Dual Controllers.................................................................... 5-13  
Connecting to Your Dual Controller Storage System..................................... 5-14  
Verifying the Controller Operating Parameters .............................................. 5-15  
List of -igures  
Figure 1-1. RAID Array 3000 pedestal enclosure (drives optional) ....................... 1-2  
Figure 1-2. Pedestal front panel major components................................................ 1-6  
Figure 1-3. Pedestal rear panel power supplies ....................................................... 1-6  
Figure 1-4. EMU circuit board location ................................................................ 1-10  
Figure 1-5. Pedestal rear panel components.......................................................... 1-11  
Figure 1-6. UltraSCSI bus port and default SCSI ID assignments........................ 1-12  
Figure 1-7. UltraSCSI bus configuration switch ................................................... 1-13  
Figure 1-8. Slot locations and SCSI ID addresses................................................. 1-13  
Figure 1-9. Single host, single adapter cabling diagram ....................................... 1-15  
Figure 1-10. Single host, dual adapter/dual controller cabling diagram ............... 1-16  
Figure 1-11. Single host, single adapter/dual controller (y-cable  
connection) cabling diagram ........................................................... 1-17  
Figure 1-12. Dual host, single adapter/single controller cabling diagram ............ 1-18  
Figure 2-1. Bridging the gap between the host and the pedestal............................. 2-3  
Figure 2-2. Units created from storagesets, partitions, and disk drives .................. 2-4  
Figure 2-3. Controller front panel............................................................................ 2-9  
vi RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User's Guide  
Figure 2-4. RAID 0 write .......................................................................................2-15  
Figure 2-5. Diagram of a RAID 1 write .................................................................2-16  
Figure 2-6. Diagram of RAID 0+1 write................................................................2-17  
Figure 2-7. Diagram of a RAID 4 write .................................................................2-18  
Figure 2-8. Diagram of a RAID 5 write .................................................................2-20  
Figure 3-1. Pedestal status LEDs..............................................................................3-3  
Figure 3-2. Disk drive status LEDs ..........................................................................3-4  
Figure 3-3. Removing pedestal door ........................................................................3-8  
Figure 3-4. Replacing an SBB................................................................................3-10  
Figure 3-5. Replacing a power supply....................................................................3-11  
Figure 3-6. Removing the controller from the pedestal .........................................3-12  
Figure 3-7. Remove standoffs from UPS and external fault connectors................3-14  
Figure 3-8. Remove screw and panel .....................................................................3-18  
Figure 3-9. Location of SCSI bus configuration switch.........................................3-19  
Figure 3-10. Configuration switch .........................................................................3-19  
Figure 3-11. Remove controller..............................................................................3-20  
Figure 3-12. Release locking clips .........................................................................3-21  
Figure 13. Remove installed SIMM modules.........................................................3-21  
Figure 3-14. Install replacement SIMM .................................................................3-22  
Figure 3-15. Pivot SIMM down to secure..............................................................3-23  
Figure 4-1. Expansion pedestal ................................................................................4-2  
Figure 4-2. Expansion pedestal slot locations and ID addresses..............................4-3  
Figure 4-3. Rear panel power supplies.....................................................................4-4  
Figure 4-4. EMU circuit board location ...................................................................4-5  
Figure 4-5. Remove side cover from base pedestal..................................................4-7  
Figure 4-6. Remove SCSI bus terminator ................................................................4-7  
Figure 4-7. Disconnect SCSI cable ..........................................................................4-8  
Figure 4-8. Connect SCSI jumper ............................................................................4-9  
Figure 4-9. Remove connector knockout plate.......................................................4-10  
Figure 4-10. Connect SCSI cable ...........................................................................4-11  
Figure 4-11. Set configuration switch to 7.............................................................4-12  
Figure 4-12. Configuration switch .........................................................................4-12  
Figure 4-13. Reconfigured SCSI bus addresses .....................................................4-13  
Figure 4-14. Connect SCSI cable between pedestals.............................................4-14  
Figure 4-15. Power cable connections....................................................................4-15  
Figure 4-16. Transfer drives from base to expansion pedestal...............................4-16  
Figure 5-1. Second controller pedestal slot location ................................................5-2  
Figure 5-2. Saving the existing configuration..........................................................5-3  
Figure 5-3. Saved configuration...............................................................................5-4  
Figure 5-4. Update firmware command ...................................................................5-4  
Figure 5-5. Firmware update dialog box ..................................................................5-5  
Figure 5-6. Insert SIMM into connector...................................................................5-7  
Figure 5-7. Pivot SIMM down to seat......................................................................5-7  
Figure 5-8 Remove controller from top slot.............................................................5-8  
Figure 5-9. Restoring configuration to new controller.............................................5-9  
Figure 5-10. Restored configuration example........................................................5-10  
Contents vii  
List of Tables  
Table 1 Related Documents.........................................................................................xi  
Table 1-1 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Part Numbers and Model  
Descriptions .............................................................................................. 1-3  
Table 1-2 Single Host, Single Adapter Cabling ..................................................... 1-15  
Table 1-3 Single Host, Dual Adapter/Dual Controller Cabling ............................. 1-16  
Table 1-4 Single Host, Single Adapter/Dual Controller (Y-cable connection  
cabling) ................................................................................................... 1-17  
Table 1-5 Dual Host, Single Adapter/Single Controller Cabling........................... 1-18  
Table 1-6 Pedestal Technical Specifications.......................................................... 1-19  
Table 1-7 Pedestal Physical and Power Specification............................................ 1-20  
Table 2-1 Controller Specifications.......................................................................... 2-5  
Table 2-2 LED/Reset Switch Interface..................................................................... 2-8  
Table 2-3 RAID Levels Supported......................................................................... 2-13  
Table 2-4 Pedestal RAID Set Restrictions ............................................................. 2-13  
Table 2-5 RAID 0+1 Example................................................................................ 2-17  
Table 2-6 Response to Various AC Power Conditions .......................................... 2-23  
Table 2-7 Acceptable System Voltage Levels........................................................ 2-24  
Table 2-8 Acceptable Termination Voltage Levels................................................ 2-25  
Table 2-9 Acceptable 12 Volt Levels..................................................................... 2-25  
Table 2-10 Acceptable External Temperature Levels............................................ 2-26  
Table 2-11 Acceptable Board Temperature Levels................................................ 2-26  
Table 3-1 Disk Drive SBB Status LEDs................................................................... 3-4  
Table 3-2 SCSI Bus Length and External Cables................................................... 3-16  
Table 3-3 Assigned Slot Device Addresses in the Pedestal ................................... 3-16  
About This Guide  
Purpose and Scope  
This guide is designed to for installers and operators of Compaq  
StorageWorksTM RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware  
User’s Guide.  
Intended Audience  
This document is written for installers and operators.  
Document Structure  
This guide contains the following information:  
Chapter 1: Product Overview  
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Product Description  
Pedestal Features  
Pedestal Cabinet  
Pedestal Components  
Connecting the Pedestal to a Host System  
Specifications  
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RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User's Guide  
Chapter 2: RAID Array Controller  
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Controller Overview  
Controller Features  
Controller Reset and LED Indicators  
Flexible RAID Set Configuration  
Performance Enhancements  
RAID Levels Supported  
Redundant Operation  
Environmental  
Chapter 3: Maintenance  
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Pedestal Status and Power LEDs  
SBB Status LEDs  
Controller LEDs  
EMU Error Reporting  
Replacing Components (FRUs)  
Differential/Wide UltraSCSI Bus  
Replacing the Controller Memory Cache Modules  
Chapter 4: RAID Array Controller  
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Product Description  
Expansion Pedestal Cabinet  
Expansion Pedestal Components  
Reconfiguring Base Pedestal UltraSCSI Bus  
Chapter 5: Second Controller Option  
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Second Controller Option Kit  
Installing the Upgrade  
Configuring a Dual Controller Installation for a Single Serial Port  
Contents xi  
Related Documents  
In addition to this guide, the following documentation is useful to the reader:  
Table 1  
Related Documents  
Document Title  
Part Number  
RAID Array 3000 Subsystem Second  
Controller Option Installation Guide  
EK-SM3KC-IG.E01  
RAID Array 3000 Controller Shelf Hardware  
User’s Guide  
EK-SMCPQ-UG.D01  
AA-RB52C-TE  
Command Console V2.2 for the RAID Array  
3000 (Pedestal and Rack Mount Models)  
User’s Guide  
xii RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User's Guide  
Text Conventions  
This document uses the following conventions to distinguish elements of text:  
Keys  
Keys appear in boldface. A plus sign (+) between  
two keys indicates that they should be pressed  
simultaneously.  
USER INPUT  
User input appears in a different typeface and in  
uppercase.  
FILENAMES  
File names appear in uppercase italics.  
Menu Options,  
These elements appear in initial capital letters.  
Command Names,  
Dialog Box Names  
COMMANDS,  
These elements appear in uppercase, unless case  
DIRECTORY NAMES, sensitive.  
and DRIVE NAMES  
Type  
When you are instructed to type information, type  
the information without pressing the Enter key.  
Enter  
When you are instructed to enter information, type  
the information and then press the Enter key.  
Contents xiii  
Symbols in Text  
The following symbols are found in the text of this guide to indicate different  
types of information.  
WARNING: Text set off in this manner indicates that failure to follow directions  
in the warning could result in bodily harm or loss of life.  
CAUTION: Text set off in this manner indicates that failure to follow directions  
could result in damage to equipment or loss of information.  
IMPORTANT: Text set off in this manner presents clarifying information or specific  
instructions.  
NOTE: Text set off in this manner presents commentary, sidelights, or interesting points  
of information.  
Symbols on Equipment  
The following symbols are placed on equipment to indicate the presence of  
potentially hazardous conditions:  
This symbol in conjunction with any of the following symbols indicates the  
presence of a potential hazard. The potential for injury exists if warnings  
are not observed. Consult your documentation for specific details.  
This symbol indicates the presence of hazardous energy circuits or electric  
shock hazards. Refer all servicing to qualified personnel.  
WARNING: To reduce the risk of injury from electric shock hazards, do not  
open this enclosure. Refer all maintenance, upgrades, and servicing to  
qualified personnel.  
This symbol indicates the presence of electric shock hazards. The area  
contains no user or field serviceable parts. Do not open for any reason.  
WARNING: To reduce the risk of injury from electric shock hazards, do  
not open this enclosure.  
xiv RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User's Guide  
This is a test  
This symbol on an RJ-45 receptacle indicates a Network Interface  
Connection.  
WARNING: To reduce the risk of electric shock, fire, or damage to the  
equipment, do not plug telephone or telecommunications connectors into  
this receptacle.  
This symbol indicates the presence of a hot surface or hot component. If  
this surface is contacted, the potential for injury exists.  
WARNING: To reduce the risk of injury from a hot component, allow the  
surface to cool before touching.  
These symbols on power supplies or systems indicate the  
equipment is supplied by multiple sources of power.  
WARNING: To reduce the risk of injury from electric shock,  
remove all power cords to completely disconnect power from  
the system.  
This symbol indicates that the component exceeds the recommended  
weight for one individual to handle safely.  
Weight in kg  
Weight in lb  
WARNING: To reduce the risk of personal injury or damage to the  
equipment, observe local occupational health and safety requirements and  
guidelines for manual material handling.  
Contents xv  
Rack Stability  
WARNING: To reduce the risk of personal injury or damage to the equipment,  
be sure that:  
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The leveling jacks are extended to the floor.  
The full weight of the rack rests on the leveling jacks.  
The stabilizing feet are attached to the rack if it is a single rack  
installation.  
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The racks are coupled together in multiple rack installations.  
Only one component is extended at a time. A rack may become unstable  
if more than one component is extended for any reason.  
Getting Help  
If you have a problem and have exhausted the information in this guide, you  
can get further information and other help in the following locations.  
Compaq Technical Support  
In North America, call the Compaq Technical Phone Support Center at  
1-800-OK-COMPAQ. This service is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.  
For continuous quality improvement, calls may be recorded or monitored.  
Outside North America, call the nearest Compaq Technical Support Phone  
Center. Telephone numbers for worldwide Technical Support Centers are  
listed on the Compaq website. Access the Compaq website:  
http://www.compaq.com  
xvi RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User's Guide  
Be sure to have the following information available before you call Compaq:  
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Technical support registration number (if applicable)  
Product serial number  
Product model name and number  
Applicable error messages  
Add-on boards or hardware  
Third-party hardware or software  
Operating system type and revision level  
Compaq Website  
The Compaq website has information on this product. Access the Compaq  
website:  
http://www.compaq.com/storage  
Compaq Authorized Reseller  
For the name of your nearest Compaq authorized reseller:  
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In the United States, call 1-800-345-1518.  
In Canada, call 1-800-263-5868.  
Elsewhere, see the Compaq website for locations and telephone  
numbers.  
Chapter  
1
Product Overview  
This chapter provides an overall description of the RAID Array 3000 Storage  
System and its components. Examples of Host/Storage System connections  
and a list of technical and environmental specifications are included at the end  
of the chapter.  
NOTE: This guide is the Hardware User’s Guide. For configuration information, refer to the  
Getting Started RAID Array 3000 Installation Guide for your Host system and the  
Command Console V2.2 for the RAID Array 3000 (Pedestal and Rack Mount Models)  
Users Guide.  
Product Description  
The RAID Array 3000 storage subsystem is a desk-side storage system  
(subsystem) offering the basic components required to create a user-designed  
storage array with two 16-bit, differential UltraSCSI bus host interfaces  
(Figure 1–1). The pedestal can accommodate up to seven 3½-in storage  
devices. The devices, referred to as StorageWorks Building Blocks or SBBs,  
are disk drives from the StorageWorks family of storage devices. The release  
note that accompanies the subsystem lists the software solutions and disk  
drives that are supported. A battery backup subsystem is included as part of  
the pedestal enclosure in the form of a freestanding Uninterruptable Power  
Supply (UPS). In case of a power failure, the UPS provide a temporary backup  
for cache while the subsystem flushes to disks.  
1-2 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware Users Guide  
The RAID Array 3000 offering also includes option kits designed to increase  
the storage capacity and enhance the performance of the subsystem. The first  
is an expansion pedestal (second enclosure) designed to increase the storage  
capacity of the subsystem to a maximum of 14 drives. The pedestal expansion  
kit option is described in detailed in Chapter 4 Expansion Pedestal Optionof  
this guide.  
The second option kit allows the addition of a second RAID controller to the  
subsystem for redundancy. The second controller operates in conjunction with  
the installed controller to protect data during a malfunction. Chapter 5 Second  
Controller Optiondescribes how to install the redundant controller option and  
how to reconfigure the subsystem to accommodate it.  
The RAID Array 3000 pedestal enclosure and its associated options are listed  
and described in Table 11. Figure 11 shows the pedestal with a full  
complement of drives (optional) for completeness.  
PEDESTAL  
UPS  
3000-01A  
Figure 1-1. RAID Array 3000 pedestal enclosure (drives optional)  
Product Overview 1-3  
The RAID Array 3000 pedestal is equipped with a dual-channel RAID  
controller that supports all of the UltraSCSI bus features. It also contains an  
Environmental Monitor Unit (EMU) board for environmental monitoring and  
error detection.  
Table 1-1  
RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Part Numbers and Model Descriptions  
Compaq Part No.  
Item Description  
DS-SWXRA-GA  
RA3000 pedestal subsystem with one controller, 120 V.  
Includes: Seven-slot pedestal for wide UltraSCSI SBBs, one HSZ22  
two-channel controller with 16 MB cache, Environmental Monitor Unit  
(EMU), two 204 watt power supplies with fans, five meter host SCSI  
cable (BN37A), BN38E-OB adapter, one 120-volt UPS, and North  
American power cords. Disks are not included.  
Requires: Solutions Software Kit for platform, host adapter, and disks.  
Options: Second HSZ22 controller, seven disk SBB expansion pedestal,  
and cache memory upgrade.  
DS-SWXRA-GC  
RA3000 pedestal subsystem with one controller, 230 V.  
Includes: Seven-slot pedestal for wide UltraSCSI SBBs, one HSZ22  
two-channel controller with 16 MB cache, Environmental Monitor Unit  
(EMU), two 204 watt power supplies with fans, five meter host SCSI  
cable (BN37A), BN38E-OB adapter, one 230-volt Uninterruptable Power  
Supply (UPS), and North American power cords. Disks are not included.  
Requires: Solutions Software Kit for platform, host adapter, and disks.  
Options: Second HSZ22 controller, seven-disk SBB expansion  
pedestal, and cache memory upgrade.  
DS-HSZ22-AA  
DS-HSZ22-AB  
RA3000 second controller option which includes:  
DS-HSZ22-AA SCSI controller, three 16-MB SIMM modules, 0.8 m  
adapter-to-SCSI-3 cable, 5 m SCSI cable, 9-pin serial cable, user  
documentation.  
RA3000 second controller option which includes:  
DS-HSZ22-AB SCSI controller, four 32-MB SIMM modules, 0.8 m  
adapter-to-SCSI-3 cable, 5 m SCSI cable, 9-pin serial cable, user  
documentation.  
DS-SWXRA-GD  
DS-SWXRA-GR  
Expansion Pedestal (120/240 V) with slot space for seven additional  
UltraSCSI disk drives.  
Single 204-watt power supply for RA3000, 120/230 V for on-site spare.  
1-4 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware Users Guide  
Pedestal Features  
The major features of the pedestal are:  
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Two differential 16-bit UltraSCSI host buses  
Seven 3½-in disk drive SBB slots  
One dual-channel RAID array controller  
Second controller option for redundancy  
Expansion pedestal option allowing up to fourteen SBB slots in a dual-  
pedestal subsystem configuration  
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Memory cache expansion option for the controller  
Redundant power provided by two fan-cooled universal AC input power  
supplies (50/60 Hz, 100 to 240 VAC)  
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Cache backup provided by an external UPS  
Environmental monitor unit (EMU) for error detection  
The ability to hot plug SBBs without powering down the system  
Pedestal Cabinet  
The pedestal cabinet is a modular freestanding storage enclosure that is  
completely self-contained. It has two fan-cooled power supplies, an internal  
EMU circuit board, and a RAID array controller with front panel display and  
control.  
Figure 12 shows the major components in the pedestal enclosure.  
Figure 13 identifies the items on the rear panel power supplies. The  
characteristics of the pedestal cabinet are:  
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The disk drive storage capacity is seven 3½-in disk drive SBBs.  
The subsystem slots are numbered 0 through 6 from top to bottom.  
There are two 68-pin VHDCI female SCSI connectors on the rear panel,  
which interconnect the host system to the RAID controller in the  
pedestal.  
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The rear panel also contains an alarm switch, a UPS monitor connector,  
an external fault condition connector, and a serial port connector (for  
controller configuration).  
Product Overview 1-5  
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The pedestal is equipped with an internal configuration switch, which  
sets the SCSI ID addresses of the controller and the storage devices.  
Figure 1-2. Pedestal front panel major components  
Figure 1-3. Pedestal rear panel power supplies  
1-6 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware Users Guide  
Pedestal Components  
The major components in the pedestal subsystem include:  
Dual-channel RAID array controller  
Two 16-bit single-ended split SCSI buses  
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Environmental Monitor Unit (EMU)  
Two universal 50/60 Hz, 120 or 240 VAC power supplies  
Separate free-standing backup power supply (UPS)  
StorageWorks Building Blocks (SBBs)  
The pedestal has seven 3½-in disk drive SBB slots. The number of drives that  
make up each configuration of the array is left to the end user with a maximum  
of seven storage devices.  
RAID Array Controller  
The controller contains two wide,UltraSCSI differential host channels and two  
wide, UltraSCSI single-ended disk channels. In dual-controller configurations,  
the controllers support fully automatic and smooth controller failover.  
The controller supports one or two standard 72-pin cache SIMMs of up to  
32 MB. In a redundant controller setup, both controllers must have identical  
cache configurations and the total usable cache (per controller) will be half the  
amount installed. Thus, in a single controller setup, the maximum usable cache  
is 64 MB while a redundant setup has a maximum usable cache of 32 MB (per  
controller).  
The RAID Array controller contains the following features:  
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Single PCB form factor for inclusion in the enclosure  
Support for dual hot-swap controller operation  
Dual differential Ultra-Wide SCSI host channels  
Dual single-ended Ultra-Wide SCSI disk channels  
RAID level 0, 1, 0+1, 4, 5, and JBOD support  
EMU support  
Cluster support for Windows  
Product Overview 1-7  
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32 Logical Unit (LUNs) per host channel (some operating systems may  
be limited to 8)  
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Support for Hot and Warm spare disks  
UPS-backed write caching  
Per LUN write cache/write back selection  
Configuration/Maintenance via RS-232 or host SCSI channel using  
StorageWorks Command Console (SWCC)  
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Update of firmware via host channel  
Pedestal Power Supplies  
The pedestal has two interchangeable, air-cooled, AC power supply modules  
located at the rear of the unit. The power supplies provide redundant power if  
one of the units should malfunction. Each supply provides +5 and +12 VDC to  
power the RAID controller, EMU, and the storage SBBs in the pedestal. In  
addition, each unit contains a high-speed fan for pedestal cooling. The upper  
power supply is designated as A and the lower as B. The unit contains an AC  
power receptacle, a power status LED, a fan, and a latching slider switch to  
secure the supply in the pedestal.  
UPS  
The UPS is separate and free-standing unit designed to protect the pedestal  
from problems associated with poor quality AC power or a complete loss of  
AC power. The UPS is connected between the AC outlet and the line input of  
the pedestal power supply B to provide battery backup power.  
The major features of the UPS include Cell Saver Technology (doubles battery  
life and speeds recharge time), hot-swap batteries, and network surge  
protection. The front panel display has user controls (LEDs and control  
buttons) and the rear panel contains a COMM port, which provides UPS status  
to the EMU in the pedestal. The rear panel also contains the network surge  
protector, a reset button, and four power receptacles. An audible alarm is  
activated when input power fails, as a Low Battery Warning, or whenever the  
UPS is in need of servicing.  
The UPS automatically recharges its battery when power is returned following  
a power failure. Recharge time is four to six hours depending on the energy  
requirements of your load and the length of the power outage.  
1-8 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware Users Guide  
The UPS has its own installation, operation, and service manual. The manual  
describes the UPS in detail and is part of the documentation set enclosed with  
your subsystem.  
Environmental Monitor Unit (EMU)  
The EMU is an internal circuit board that monitors the operation of the  
pedestal. The EMU monitors power supply voltages, fans, temperatures which  
are reported to the user, and controls (turns on and off) the audible alarm and  
status LED on the front panel. The EMU also reports the subsystem status to  
the controller that reports to the host, and has the capability of exchanging  
signals with auxiliary devices and controllers.  
The EMU is located internally in the top rear of the pedestal as shown in  
(Figure 14). It is connected to the SCSI bus and powered by an internal cable.  
The following external components on the rear panel of the pedestal are part of  
the EMU (Figure 15):  
I
I
I
An alarm switch (S1) that enables (up) or disables (down) the audible  
alarm  
A power monitor connector (UPS) allows the EMU to monitor and  
report the status of a battery backup power supply  
An External Fault Condition connector allows the EMU to monitor the  
status of a user-selected device  
EMU  
3000-37  
Figure 1-4. EMU circuit board location  
Product Overview 1-9  
Figure 1-5 shows the Pedestal rear panel components.  
External  
Fault  
Host #0  
UPS  
Host #1  
Controller (Top)  
Controller (Bottom)  
3000-23A  
Figure 1-5. Pedestal rear panel components  
1-10 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware Users Guide  
UltraSCSI Buses  
The pedestal contains two, 16-bit, single-ended, wide UltraSCSI buses  
(factory-configured as a split bus) that connects the controllers to the disk  
drives.  
The split-bus arrangement is divided into two-bus paths designated device port  
0 and device port 1 as shown in Figure 16. Port 0 connects the controller to  
the upper four devices in the pedestal (IDs 8 through 11) and port 1 connects  
the controller to lower three devices (IDs 8 through 10). The device addresses  
on the bus are set at the factory by an internal configuration switch  
(Figure 17).  
ID8  
ID9  
ID10  
ID11  
ID8  
Device  
Port 0  
ID9  
Device  
Port 1  
ID10  
Top Controller  
ID=7  
ID=7  
ID=6  
Bottom Controller (Optional)  
ID=6  
3000-51  
Figure 1-6. UltraSCSI bus port and default SCSI ID assignments  
When set to a specific position, the switch controls the addresses of each SBB  
slot. Figure 18 identifies the pedestal slot locations and their corresponding  
SCSI ID addresses for each device port.  
Product Overview 1-11  
The subsystem can be reconfigured for through-bus operation by modifying  
the bus and resetting the internal configuration switch. The information needed  
to reconfigure the bus from split-bus to a through-bus configuration is  
described in Chapter 4 Expansion Pedestal Option.  
6
3000-38  
Figure 1-7. UltraSCSI bus configuration switch  
Controller  
SLOT 0  
SLOT 1  
SLOT 2  
SLOT 3  
SLOT 4  
SLOT 5  
SLOT 6  
ID = 8  
Device  
Port 0  
11  
8
Device  
Port 1  
ID = 10  
3000-52  
Figure 1-8. Slot locations and SCSI ID addresses  
1-12 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware Users Guide  
Connecting the Pedestal to a Host System  
This section illustrates how to connect four possible RA3000/Host  
configurations. The configurations are:  
I
I
I
Single host, single adapter configuration  
Single host, dual adapter/dual controller configuration  
Single host, single adapter/dual controller configuration (using a  
Y-cable)  
I
Dual host, single adapter/single controller configuration  
NOTE: The following illustrations show the expansion pedestal option as part of the  
storage system installation. See Chapter 4 for a full description of the Expansion Pedestal.  
Product Overview 1-13  
Figure 1-9 shows the Single host, Single Adapter Cabling diagram.  
Rear View of DS-SWXRA-GA  
Controller Pedestal  
Rear View of  
DS-SWXRA-GD  
Expansion Pedestal  
1
2
3
Host  
System  
Host  
Adapter  
6
5
4
shr-1311b  
Figure 1-9. Single host, single adapter cabling diagram  
Table 1-2  
Single Host, Single Adapter Cabling  
Item  
Description  
Host #1 VHDCI connector  
Host #0 VHDCI connector  
SCSI device bus out connector D0  
SCSI Cable BN37A-05 (host adapter connection made using Technology  
Adapter cable BN38E-0B, not shown)  
SCSI cable 17-04454-01  
SCSI device bus In connector D0  
1-14 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware Users Guide  
Figure 1-10 shows the Single host, Dual Adapter/dual Controller Cabling  
diagram.  
Rear View of DS-SWXRA-GA  
Rear View of DS-SWXRA-GA  
Controller Pedestal  
Controller Pedestal  
Rear View of  
Rear View of  
DS-SWXRA-GD  
DS-SWXRA-GD  
1
Expansion Pedestal  
Expansion Pedestal  
2
3
Host  
System  
Host  
Adapter  
Host  
Adapter  
6
5
4
shr-1312b  
Figure 1-10. Single host, dual adapter/dual controller cabling diagram  
Table 1-3  
Single Host, Dual Adapter/Dual Controller Cabling  
Item  
Description  
Host #1 VHDCI connector  
Host #0 VHDCI connector  
SCSI device bus out connector D0  
(2) SCSI Cables BN37A-05 (host adapter connection made using two Technology  
Adapter cables BN38E-0B, not shown)  
SCSI cable 17-04454-01  
SCSI device bus in connector D0  
Product Overview 1-15  
Figure 1-11 shows the Single Host, Single Adapter/dual Controller (y-cable  
connection) Cabling diagram.  
Rear View of DS-SWXRA-GA  
Controller Pedestal  
Rear View of  
DS-SWXRA-GD  
Expansion Pedestal  
Host  
System  
Host  
Adapter  
shr-1313b  
Figure 1-11. Single host, single adapter/dual controller (y-cable connection)  
cabling diagram  
Table 1-4  
Single Host, Single Adapter/Dual Controller  
(Y-cable connection cabling)  
Item  
Description  
Host #1 VHDCI connector  
Host #0 VHDCI connector  
SCSI device bus out connector D0  
SCSI Y-cable BN-21W-OB  
(2) SCSI cables BN37A-05 (connections to Y-cable made using two Technology  
Adapter cables BN38E-0B, not shown)  
SCSI cable 17-04454-01  
SCSI device bus In connector D0  
1-16 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware Users Guide  
Figure 1-12 shows the Dual host, Single Adapter/single Controller Cabling  
diagram.  
Rear RVeiearwVioewf DofSD-SS-SWWXXRRAA--GGAA  
Controller Pedestal  
Controller Pedestal  
ReRareVaierwVoifew of  
DS-SWXRA-GD  
DS-SWXRA-GD  
Expansion Pedestal  
Expansion Pedestal  
Host  
System  
Host  
Adapter  
Host  
System  
Host  
Adapter  
shr-1314b  
Figure 1-12. Dual host, single adapter/single controller cabling diagram  
Table 1-5  
Dual Host, Single Adapter/Single Controller Cabling  
Item  
Description  
Host #1 VHDCI connector  
Host #0 VHDCI connector  
SCSI Cable BN37A-05 (host adapter connection made  
through Technology Adapter cable BN38E-0B, not shown)  
SCSI Cable BN37A-05 (host adapter connection made  
through Technology Adapter cable BN38E-0B, not shown)  
SCSI device bus out connector D0  
SCSI cable 17-04454-01  
SCSI device bus In connector D0  
Product Overview 1-17  
Specifications  
Table 1-6  
Pedestal Technical Specifications  
Item  
Description  
Cabinet  
Pedestal with seven (7) disk SBB slots  
Expansion pedestal with an additional 7 slots  
Controller  
HSZ22  
Controller cache  
16 MB standard  
upgrades to 128 MB for a two controller pair  
Backup for cache  
Standard UPS  
Mirrored write-back cache  
Device channels per controller  
Maximum disks per device port  
Dual active controllers  
Host interface  
Yes  
2
14  
Yes, order HSZ22-AA and second solutions software kit  
UltraSCSI wide differential  
UltraSCSI wide single-ended  
0, 1, 0+1, 4, 5  
Drive interface  
RAID levels supported  
Non-RAID disk support  
Sustained I/O rate  
Yes (JBOD)  
4,400 I/Os per second per controller pair  
28 MB per second per controller pair  
40 MB per second per controller pair  
Yes  
RAID 5 sustained transfer rate  
Maximum transfer rate  
Redundant fans  
Redundant power supplies  
Global disk spares  
Yes  
Yes  
EMU  
Yes, monitors power and temperature  
One serial  
Setup/control lines  
Serviceability  
Hot-swap components  
SWCC 2.2 available for all platforms.  
RAID manager GUI support  
Regulatory approvals  
UL, CSA, TUV, FCC, CE MARK, C TICK,  
BSMI (replaces BCIQ), VCCI  
1-18 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware Users Guide  
Table 1-7  
Pedestal Physical and Power Specification  
Physical Specifications  
Item  
Dimension  
Height  
Width  
Depth  
564 mm  
254 mm  
494 mm  
305 mm  
305 mm  
19.5 kg  
Rear clearance (air exhaust)  
Front clearance (door opening)  
Weight (no devices)  
Power Specifications  
Item  
Rating  
Input power  
110-240 VAC, 50/60 Hz, single  
phase, 12A/6A  
Heat dissipation  
3070 Btu/hr  
Temperature (optimal, minimum required)  
65°F to 75°F (18°C to 24°C),  
50°F to 104°F (10 to 40°C)  
Up to 2,400 m  
Altitude  
Air quality  
Not to exceed 500,000 particles/ft3  
for air at a size of 0.5 micron or  
larger  
204 watts, maximum  
Total power per power supply  
(Total of +12 VDC and +5 VDC outputs)  
Nominal output voltages  
Device startup time  
+5 VDC @ 15 amps, maximum  
+12 VDC @ 12 amps, maximum  
4 second internal, minimum  
Chapter  
2
RAID Array Controller  
This chapter describes the major features and characteristics of the RAID array  
controller in the RAID Array 3000 subsystem. The number of devices  
supported by the controller may be limited by the enclosure.  
Controller Overview  
The RAID Array controller provides high performance, high-availability  
access to SCSI disk array subsystems along a UltraSCSI/Wide SCSI bus. With  
a modular hardware design and an intuitive configuration utility, the controller  
is designed to meet a wide range of storage needs.  
The controller consists of a single 5 ½ in (14.2 cm) x 8 in (20.3 cm) PCB  
mounted in a sheet metal subassembly. The package consists of the controller  
PCB, a 300-pin connector, mechanical insertion assists, and a LED/reset  
switch interface. All signals to the controller are routed through the backplane  
connector.  
The unit is configured with two Ultra Wide, differential SCSI host channels  
capable of transferring data to and from the host at rates up to 40 Mb/s. The  
host SCSI IDs are configurable via the host parameters and can support  
32-deep tagged queuing. The controller is also configured with two Ultra  
Wide, single-ended SCSI disk channels capable of transferring data to and  
from the disk drives at rates up to 40 Mb/s. Each channel can support up to 15  
drives (14 in redundant controller subsystems).  
2-2 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
The controller has two Single Inline Memory Module (SIMM) connectors for  
up to 64 MB of cache memory. The SIMM connectors form a mirrored pair  
when the controllers are configured in a redundant controller configuration;  
otherwise they are fully accessible by the controller. In a redundant controller  
setup, both controllers must have identical cache configurations and the total  
usable cache (per controller) will be half the amount installed. Thus, in a  
single controller setup, the maximum usable cache is 64 MB while a redundant  
setup has a maximum usable cache of 32 MB (per controller).  
There are two configurations for redundant pairs of controllers: Active/Active  
Failover mode and Active/Passive Failover mode. In Active/Active Failover,  
each controller in the redundant pair has one active SCSI host port and one  
passive SCSI host port. Redundancy Groups (Virtual LUNs) can be mapped  
only to one active host port and are not accessible from the passive port or the  
other controller (that is partitioned model).  
In Active/Passive Failover, one controller in the redundant pair has both SCSI  
host ports active and the other controller is in a standby passive mode.  
Redundancy Groups (Virtual LUNs) can be mapped to either SCSI host port or  
to both as in the single controller model.  
In both cases, a single controller failure will not affect the subsystem because  
the surviving controller will take over.  
RAID Array Controller 2-3  
Controller Features  
The controller is the intelligent bridge between the host and the devices in the  
pedestal. From the host’s perspective, the controller is simply another SCSI  
device connected to one of its I/O buses. Consequently, the host sends its I/O  
requests to the controller just as it would to any other SCSI device. Figure 2–1  
shows the role of the controller between the host and the pedestal.  
Figure 2-1. Bridging the gap between the host and the pedestal  
2-4 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
From the pedestal’s perspective, the controller receives the I/O requests from  
the host and directs them to the devices in the pedestal. Since the controller  
processes all the I/O requests, it eliminates the host-based processing that is  
typically associated with reading and writing data to multiple storage devices.  
The controller does much more than simply manage I/O requests: it provides  
the ability to combine several ordinary disk drives into a single, high-  
performance storage unit called a storageset. Storagesets are implementations  
of RAID technology, also known as a Redundant Array of Independent Disks.  
Every storageset shares one important feature: whether it uses two disk drives  
or 14, each storageset looks like a single storage unit to the host.  
You create storage units by combining disk drives into storagesets such as  
stripesets, RAIDsets, and mirrorsets, or by presenting them to the host as  
single-disk units (Figure 2–2).  
Figure 2-2. Units created from storagesets, partitions, and disk drives  
RAID Array Controller 2-5  
I
I
Stripesets (RAID 0) combine disk drives in serial to increase transfer or  
requests rates  
Mirrorsets (RAID 1) combine disk drives in parallel to provide a highly  
reliable storage unit  
I
I
RAID 4 provides striping with a fixed parity drive  
RAIDsets (RAID 5) combine disk drives in serial— just like stripesets  
— but also store parity data to ensure high reliability  
I
Stripe mirrorsets (RAID 0 + 1) combine mirrorsets in serial to provide  
the highest throughput and availability of any storage unit  
Table 2–1 lists the features of the RAID 3000 controller.  
Table 2-1  
Controller Specifications  
Item  
Specifications  
Environmental monitoring  
Processor  
High availability fault bus support via EMU  
40 MHz, 32 bit LR33310 RISC CPU  
Two, Wide, differential UltraSCSI channels  
Two RS232 serial ports  
System bus interface  
Configuration  
RAID levels supported  
Drive channels supported  
Number of logical drives (LUN’s)  
0, 1, 0+1, 4, 5  
Two, Wide, UltraSCSI single-ended channels  
Up to 30 RAID sets, and up to 16 redundancy  
groups (LUNs) per RAID set  
SCSI channels  
Two, UltraSCSI, 16-bit, single-ended  
20 blocks/disk (10240 bytes)  
Metadata  
Largest allowable disk/RAID set/LUN  
Non-RAID device support  
Drives supported  
Two, 32 blocks (approximately 2.2 petabytes)  
Disk drives (JBOD)  
StorageWorks 2, 4, 18, and 36 GB SCSI and  
UltraSCSI drives.  
Drive reconstruct  
Disk hot plug  
Automatic with hot or warm spares  
Yes  
Disk hot spare (spinning)  
Yes, global hot spare  
continued  
2-6 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Table 2-1  
Controller Specifications continued  
Item  
Disk warm spare (not spinning)  
Redundant power supplies  
Redundant controllers  
Specifications  
Yes, global warm spare  
Yes  
Yes  
Controller failover  
Yes, automatic  
Controller hot spare  
Yes (Active/Passive mode)  
Controller hot plug  
Yes  
Cluster support  
Yes, single (SCSI) bus cluster  
Maximum number of units presented to host  
Maximum host port transfer speed  
Command queuing  
64  
20 MHz  
Yes, 64 commands (host and disk SCSI  
channels)  
Heterogeneous multi-host support  
Mixed drive types  
Yes  
Yes  
Configurable reconstruct time  
Stripe size (chunk size)  
Write through cache  
Write back cache  
Yes  
Variable  
Yes, user selectable (optional)  
Yes, user selectable (default)  
Write on top  
Yes  
Yes  
Write gathering  
Battery backup for cache  
Yes, Pedestal Uninterruptable Power Supply  
(UPS)  
Boot capability  
Bootable from RAID set (system-dependent)  
Two  
Number of controllers /system  
Cache support  
Up to 64 MB (using two 32 MB industry  
standard, 72-pin, 36-bit, 60 ns SIMMS)  
FCC rating  
Class B  
continued  
RAID Array Controller 2-7  
Table 2-1  
Controller Specifications continued  
Item  
Specifications  
Environmental  
Temperature  
41ºF to 122ºF (5ºC to 50ºC) operating,  
-40ºF to 140ºF (-40ºC to +60ºC)  
non-operating  
Relative humidity  
Physical size  
10% to 95% non-condensing (operating), 5%  
to 90%, non-condensing (non-operating)  
8.55 in (21.7 cm) deep, 5.03 in wide, 1.6 in  
(4 cm) high  
Power requirements  
5 VDC @ 3 A, peak; - 12 VDC @ 1 A, peak  
Controller Reset and LED Indicators  
Figure 2–3 illustrates the front panel of the controller. All LEDs are numbered  
from left to right. The reset button (LED 0) flashes green about once every  
second (heartbeat) to indicate that the controller is operating normally. LEDs 1  
through 4-display host and disk channel activity (amber). LED 5 (normally  
off) displays red during a controller failure. The LED/Reset switch interface is  
defined in Table 2–2.  
Table 2-2  
LED/Reset Switch Interface  
LED #  
Name  
0
1
2
3
4
5
Heart beat controller reset switch (green)  
Host channel 0 activity LED (amber)  
Host channel 1 activity LED (amber)  
Disk channel 0 activity LED (amber)  
Disk channel 1 activity LED (amber)  
Fault LED (red)  
2-8 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Figure 2-3 shows the front panel of the controller.  
Figure 2-3. Controller front panel  
Flexible RAID Set Configuration  
In addition to its flexible hardware design, the controller’s firmware offers the  
user the flexibility to configure RAID sets in several different ways:  
I
RAID sets can comprise drives from any drive channel and SCSI ID.  
I
A RAID set can contain all the drives connected to the controller, a  
single drive, or any number of drives in between.  
I
The controller supports RAID Levels 0, 1, 0+1, 4, and 5. It also supports  
JBOD allowing you to connect standalone disk drives (such as a system  
disk) to the controller without making them members of a RAID set.  
RAID Array Controller 2-9  
I
I
Each RAID set can be partitioned into smaller redundancy groups.  
The controller’s host LUN Mapping feature makes it possible to map  
RAID sets differently to each host port. You make the same redundancy  
group appear on different LUNs to different hosts, or make a  
redundancy group visible to one host but not to another.  
I
Any drive may be designated as a hot or warm spare. Spares are global,  
meaning that in the event of a drive failure, the controller will search for  
the first available spare on any channel or SCSI ID and automatically  
begin rebuilding the failed drive’s data.  
Performance Enhancements  
The controller employs a number of techniques to achieve as much  
performance as possible from its design.  
Custom Components  
To increase performance and reliability, the controller’s core functions have  
been encapsulated in four custom Application Specific Integrated Circuits  
(ASIC) components as follows:  
I
XOR ASIC: Used in the exclusive -or parity calculations employed by  
RAID levels 4 and 5.  
I
I
DMA ASIC: Controls the data path hardware for the various I/O ports  
CPU Interface ASIC: Supports the controller’s MIPS R3000 RISC  
central processing unit.  
I
Memory Controller ASIC: Controls the memory system and supports  
data movement on the internal bus at a maximum burst rate of 80 Mb/s  
and a maximum sustainable rate of 60 Mb/s.  
2-10 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Efficient Write and Read Algorithms  
Standard RAID write operations that involve parity, such as those in RAID  
levels 4 and 5, require multiple, time-consuming steps:  
1. Read data from the parity drive.  
2. Read existing data from the target data drives.  
3. Exclusive-or the old parity, old data, and new data to generate new  
parity data.  
4. Write the new parity data to the parity drive.  
5. Write the new data to the target data drives.  
The controller uses several techniques to streamline write operations and  
significantly improve performance. All the techniques use the controller’s on-  
board cache, which can contain up to 64 MB of memory in the form of  
standard 72-pin, 60 ns SIMMs.  
NOTE: The controller will not operate without at least one 4 MB SIMM installed in its  
cache. Also, it will not operate without either a backup or a UPS connected to the  
controller. Without a backup, data stored in the cache, but not yet written to the disk  
drives, would be lost in the event of a power interruption.  
Write-Back Caching  
When the host sends data to be written to a redundancy group, the controller  
stores the data in its cache and immediately reports to the host that it has  
completed the write. The controller eventually writes the data to the disk  
drives when the write can be done most efficiently, or when the controller  
must flush the cache to make room for other data or to prepare for a shutdown.  
Write-back caching makes the host more responsive to the user, since the host  
does not have to wait for a lengthy RAID write before proceeding to another  
task.  
RAID Array Controller 2-11  
Write Gathering  
The controller will attempt to consolidate multiple writes destined for  
contiguous blocks and then write the entire data block in one operation. The  
controller stores the data in cache until it performs the write. Ideally, the  
controller will wait until it has gathered enough data to fill an entire stripe.  
This action enables the controller to avoid reading from the parity and data  
drives before making the write. All the controller has to do is calculate parity  
from the data it already has in its cache, then write the data and parity to the  
drives. Even if the controller cannot accumulate enough data to fill a stripe, the  
consolidation of small writes can reduce the number of read/write operations  
that must take place.  
Write On Top  
If the host commands that data be written to disk, and data for that address is  
pending in the controller’s cache, the controller writes the new data on top of  
the old in the cache. Only the new data is eventually written to the disk drives.  
2-12 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
RAID Levels Supported  
The RAID Array 3000 controller supports the following RAID levels:  
Table 2-3  
RAID Levels Supported  
RAID Level  
Description  
0
1
Striping without parity  
Mirroring  
0+1  
4
Striping and mirroring  
Striping with fixed parity drive  
Striping with floating parity drive  
Just a Bunch of Drives  
5
JBOD  
NOTE: The controller stripes data in multi-block chunk sizes. Also, the controller does not  
support RAID level 3 or 0 with a one-block chunk size.  
There are some restrictions you must adhere to when creating a RAID set on  
the RAID 3000 pedestal. The minimum and maximum number of drives  
required to support each RAID level are listed in Table 2–4.  
Table 2-4  
Pedestal RAID Set Restrictions  
RAID Level  
Min. No.* of Drives  
Max. No.* of Drives  
JBOD  
1
2
2
4
3
3
1
0
1
14  
14  
14  
14  
14  
0+1  
4
5
* Must be an even number.  
RAID Array Controller 2-13  
RAID 0  
RAID 0 breaks up data into smaller chunks and writes each chunk to a  
different drive in the array. The size of each chunk is determined by the  
controller’s chunk size parameter, which you set in the course of creating a  
RAID set.  
The advantage of RAID 0 is its high bandwidth. By breaking up a large block  
of data into smaller chunks, the controller can use multiple drive channels to  
write the chunks to the disk drives. Furthermore, RAID 0 involves no parity  
calculations to complicate the write operation. Likewise, a RAID 0 read  
operation employs multiple drives to assemble a single, large data block. This  
makes RAID 0 ideal for applications such as graphics, video, and imaging that  
involve the writing and reading of large, sequential blocks.  
CAUTION: The lack of parity means that a RAID 0-disk array offers absolutely  
no redundancy and thus cannot recover from a drive failure.  
2-14 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Figure 2–4 shows a diagram of a RAID 0 write.  
Figure 2-4. RAID 0 write  
RAID Array Controller 2-15  
RAID 1  
RAID 1 (also known as mirroring or shadowing) takes data sent by the host  
and duplicates it on all the drives in an array. The result is a high degree of  
data availability, since you can lose all but one drive in the array and still have  
full access to your data. This high degree of data availability comes at a price:  
a RAID 1 array requires multiple drives to achieve the storage capacity of a  
single drive. Figure 2–5 shows a RAID 1 write.  
Figure 2-5. Diagram of a RAID 1 write  
A RAID 1 array will show up on the monitor as degraded when at least one  
drive fails, even if two or more members of the redundancy group remain in  
good working order. As long as at least two working drives remain in the  
array, you may continue to run the array in degraded mode without putting  
data in jeopardy.  
RAID 0+1  
RAID 0+1 combines RAID 0 (striping) with RAID 1 (mirroring). In RAID  
0+1 write, the controller breaks up the data block from the host into smaller  
chunks, then writes the chunks to half the drives in the array, while writing  
duplicate chunks to the remaining drives.  
2-16 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Figure 2-6 shows a diagram of RAID 0+1 write.  
Figure 2-6. Diagram of RAID 0+1 write  
In the event of a drive failure, a RAID 0+1 array will enter degraded mode and  
continue to operate by substituting the failed drive with its mirror.  
When the controller creates a RAID 0+1 set, it first sorts the drives by channel  
number and SCSI ID. Then it stripes the data across every other drive and  
forms a mirrored pair with the first two drives, another mirrored pair with the  
second two drives, and so on. Table 2–5 lists how the controller uses the drives  
in a RAID 0+1 set.  
Table 2-5  
RAID 0+1 Example  
Drives Selected  
Channel 1, ID 0  
Channel 1, ID 1  
Channel 1, ID 2  
Channel 2, ID 0  
Channel 2, ID 1  
Channel 2, ID 2  
Function  
First member of stripe set  
Mirror of channel 1, ID 0  
Second member of stripe set  
Mirror of channel 1, ID 2  
Third member of stripe set  
Mirror of channel 2, ID 1  
RAID Array Controller 2-17  
RAID 4  
RAID 4 breaks up host data into chunks, calculates parity by performing an  
exclusive-or on the chunks, and then writes the chunks to all but one drive in  
the array and the parity data to the last drive. When the host requests data from  
the disk drives, the controller retrieves the chunks containing the addressed  
data, reconstitutes the data from the chunks, and passes the data to the host.  
Figure 2-7. Diagram of a RAID 4 write  
In the event of a single drive failure, a RAID 4 array will continue to operate  
in degraded mode. If the failed drive is a data drive, writes will continue as  
normal, except no data will be written to the failed drive. Reads will  
reconstruct the data on the failed drive by performing an exclusive-or  
operation on the remaining data in the stripe and the parity for that stripe. If  
the failed drive is a parity drive, writes will occur, as normal except no parity  
will be written. Reads will simply retrieve data from the data disks. There will  
be no deterioration in controller performance while a RAID set is in degraded  
mode.  
2-18 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
In general, RAID 4 is best suited for applications such as graphics, imaging, or  
video that call for reading and writing large, sequential blocks of data.  
However, you may find that RAID 4 is preferable to RAID 5 even for  
applications characterized by many small I/O operations, such as transaction  
processing. This is due to the controller’s intelligent caching, which efficiently  
handles small I/O reads and writes, and to the relatively less complex  
algorithms needed to implement RAID 4.  
The benefits of RAID 4 disappear when you have many, small I/O operations  
scattered randomly and widely across the disks in the array. RAID 4’s fixed  
parity disk becomes a bottleneck in such applications, as the following  
example illustrates. Let’s say the host instructs the controller to make two  
small writes. The writes are widely scattered, involving two different stripes  
and different disk drives. Ideally, you would like both writes to take place at  
the same time, but RAID 4 makes this impossible, since the writes must take  
turns accessing the fixed parity drive. For this reason, RAID 5 is the better  
choice for widely scattered, small write operations.  
CAUTION: RAID 4 can withstand a single failure and handle I/O activity without  
interruption in degraded mode until the failed drive is rebuilt. If a second drive  
fails while the RAID set is in degraded mode, the entire RAID set will fail.  
RAID Array Controller 2-19  
RAID 5  
RAID 5 addresses the bottleneck issue for barrages of widely scattered, small  
I/O operations. Like RAID 4, RAID 5 breaks up data into chunks, calculates  
parity, and then writes the chunks in stripes to the disk drives; saving one drive  
one each stripe for the parity data. Unlike RAID 4, however, RAID 5 changes  
the parity drive on each stripe. This means, for instance, that a write operation  
involving drive 2 on stripe 1 can conceivably take place at the same time as a  
write involving drive 3 on stripe 2, since they would be addressing different  
parity drives. Figure 2-5 shows a diagram of a RAID 5 write.  
Figure 2-8. Diagram of a RAID 5 write  
RAID 5 handles drive failures in the same manner as RAID 4, except the  
parity is different for each stripe. The controller either uses the parity  
information on a stripe to reconstruct its data or simply reads the data as  
normal, depending on the location of the stripe’s parity drive.  
2-20 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
While RAID 5 is ideally suited for applications with many, small I/O  
operations, there is no reason why it cannot function equally well for  
applications with large, sequential I/O operations. This makes RAID 5 an  
excellent all-purpose RAID level.  
CAUTION: RAID 5 can withstand a single failure and handle I/O activity without  
interruption in degraded mode until the failed drive is rebuilt. If a second drive  
fails while the RAID set is in degraded mode, the entire RAID set will fail.  
Just a Bunch of Drives (JBOD)  
JBOD makes it possible to connect one or standalone disk drives to the  
controller. A JBOD disk drive is not part of a redundancy group, even though  
the controller assigns a redundancy group number to the drive. This number  
becomes that logical unit number (LUN) that the host will use to address the  
drive.  
One use for JBOD is to connect a system disk drive to the controller. The drive  
does not become part of a RAID set, but it is made available to the host on the  
same SCSI bus as the other devices controlled by the controller.  
Redundant Operation  
When operating in a redundant configuration, the two controllers are linked  
such that, in case of a failure, the surviving controller can access the other  
controller’s cache memory and complete all operations that were in progress  
when the failure occurred. The controllers support two different  
configurations:  
I
Active/Active: One host port is active on each controller. The other port  
on each controller is passive and only used if the peer controller fails.  
I
Active/Passive: Both host ports on one controller are active. The other  
controller’s ports are both passive and only used if the primary  
controller fails.  
When one controller fails, the survivor will process all I/O requests until the  
failed controller is repaired and powered on. The subsystem will then return to  
its previous state (that is Active/Active or Active/Passive).  
RAID Array Controller 2-21  
Initialization  
During initialization, the firmware in the RAID 3000 verifies that both  
controllers have consistent configurations including identical memory cache  
and system parameters. If the controller setups are incompatible, the set is not  
bound and each controller operates in stand-alone mode.  
Message Passing  
Information is shared between the two controllers by a collection of messages  
passed through the backplane connectors. The messages provide configuration  
data as well as a heartbeat which is transmitted by each controller every  
500 ms. If a controller does not receive a heartbeat within one second, it  
assumes the peer controller has become inoperable and begins failing over.  
If the controllers cannot exchange messages due to communication problems  
over the backplane, they will break the connection and each controller will  
switch to a stand-alone mode.  
Failover  
Failover describes the process of transferring data from a failed controller to a  
survivor and completing any active tasks. When one controller begins the fail-  
over process, it sends a reset to the other controller, which prevents the failing  
unit from processing any more information and enables any host ports that are  
passive. It then downloads the failed controller’s cache to its unused portion of  
cache and begins acting upon that data.  
While downloading the data, the controller responds to I/O by disconnecting  
(if allowed) and waiting approximately three seconds before reconnecting and  
presenting a Busy status. The delay is to prevent host operating systems from  
seeing too many errors and fencing off the controller.  
Environmental  
The controller incorporates a set of on board sensors to detect abnormal  
operating conditions that may affect data safety.  
2-22 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Backup Power Management  
The controller must be connected to a backup battery and/or UPS to prevent  
the subsystem cache from being corrupted during unexpected losses of power.  
If no backup power supply is provided, the controller will remain off line and  
reject all I/O requests with a status of Check Condition/Hardware Error.  
If the backup power source indicates that power may be failing, the  
controller’s first step is to sound an alarm, enter write through mode and begin  
flushing cache. If the backup power source reaches a critical state, the alarm  
frequency increases and all host channels are disabled to prevent new requests  
from interfering with the cache flush.  
Table 2–6 lists how the controller reacts to the power supplies.  
Table 2-6  
Response to Various AC Power Conditions  
Condition  
Response  
Low line voltage  
UPS compensation circuit automatically increases output voltage,  
without placing load on the UPS battery.  
No line voltage  
(AC loss)  
UPS switches to the battery, which supplies power to the controller  
maintaining full functionality.  
UPS signals controller of impending power down. Caching is  
disabled but the controller continues to service host requests and  
begins to flush cache to disk.  
UPS low-battery  
warning  
UPS signals controller of impending power down. Subsystem  
discontinues host services. Cache flush is completed.  
UPS power down  
UPS shuts itself off, preventing complete battery discharge. All data  
has been written to disk.  
RAID Array Controller 2-23  
Voltage Monitoring  
System Voltage  
The controller monitors the incoming system voltage levels and ensures that  
they are satisfactory for controller operation. The acceptable voltage levels are  
listed in Table 2–7.  
Table 2-7  
Acceptable System Voltage Levels  
State  
Range  
Action  
Normal  
4.80 to 5.25 V  
4.75 to 4.80 V  
5.25 to 5.30 V  
Less than 4.75 V  
Greater than 5.30 V  
Normal operation  
Alarm  
Low warning  
High warning  
Low severe  
High severe  
Alarm  
Off line  
Off line  
Termination Voltage  
The controller monitors the incoming termination voltage levels and ensures  
that they are satisfactory for controller operation. The acceptable voltage  
levels are shown in Table 2–8.  
Table 2-8  
Acceptable Termination Voltage Levels  
State  
Range  
Action  
Normal  
4.20 to 5.40 V  
4.00 to 4.20 V  
5.40 to 5.55 V  
Less than 4.00 V  
Greater than 5.55 V  
Normal operation  
Alarm  
Low warning  
High warning  
Low severe  
High severe  
Alarm  
Off line  
Off line  
2-24 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
12 V Supply Voltage  
The controller monitors the incoming 12-volt levels and ensures that they are  
satisfactory for operation. The acceptable voltage levels are listed in  
Table 2–9.  
Table 2-9  
Acceptable 12 Volt Levels  
State  
Range  
Action  
Normal  
10.80 to 13.80 V  
10.20 to 10.80 V  
13.80 to 14.40 V  
Less than 10.20 V  
Greater than 14.40 V  
Normal operation  
Alarm  
Low warning  
High warning  
Low severe  
High severe  
Alarm  
Off line  
Off line  
Temperature Monitoring  
External Temperature  
The controller monitors the external operating temperature and ensures that  
they are satisfactory for controller operation. The acceptable temperature  
levels are listed in Table 2-10.  
Table 2-10  
Acceptable External Temperature Levels  
State  
Temperature  
Action  
Normal  
< 106ºF (41ºC)  
< 106ºF to 126ºF  
(41ºC to 52ºC)  
> 133ºF (52ºC)  
Normal operation  
Alarm  
High warning  
High severe  
Off line  
RAID Array Controller 2-25  
Board Temperature  
The controller monitors the on-board operating temperature and ensures that  
they are satisfactory for controller operation. The acceptable temperature  
levels are listed in Table 2-11.  
Table 2-11  
Acceptable Board Temperature Levels  
State  
Temperature  
< 126ºF (52ºC)  
Action  
Normal Operation  
Alarm  
Normal  
High Warning  
126ºF to 133ºF  
(52ºC to 56ºC)  
High Severe  
> 133ºF (56ºC)  
Off line  
Chapter  
3
Maintenance  
This chapter describes how to interpret the status of the LEDs on the pedestal  
and use them as a troubleshooting aid during a pedestal malfunction. Both the  
pedestal LEDs and the LEDs on the major components are covered. The  
chapter also describes how to replace a Field Replaceable Unit (FRU) and how  
to reconfigure the SCSI bus.  
Troubleshooting the pedestal consists of monitoring the status of the external  
LEDs to determine if a major component is malfunctioning. The Field  
Replaceable Units (FRUs) in the pedestal are:  
I
I
I
I
I
Disk drives (SBBs)  
RAID array controller  
Power supplies  
Environmental Monitor Unit (EMU) circuit board  
Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS)  
3-2 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
The information in this chapter is divided into the following major sections:  
Pedestal status and power supply LEDs  
SBB status LEDs  
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Controller LEDs  
EMU error reporting  
Replacing an FRU  
Reconfiguring the UltraSCSI bus  
Replacing the controller memory cache modules  
Pedestal Status and Power LEDs  
The pedestal is equipped with two front panel LEDs that monitor the following  
error conditions (Figure 3–1):  
I
I
I
I
I
A power supply fan that is not operating  
An over-temperature condition  
A DC power problem  
External fault conditions  
Controller faults  
When the pedestal is operating properly, the green power LED is on and the  
amber pedestal fault LED is off. Also, the green power supply LED on the rear  
of each power supply is on.  
Maintenance 3-3  
Figure 3-1 shows the Pedestal status LEDs.  
Figure 3-1. Pedestal status LEDs  
SBB Status LEDs  
Each disk drive SBB in the pedestal has two status LEDs— a green activity  
LED and an amber fault LED as shown in Figure 3–2. When the pedestal is  
operating properly, the activity LED is flashing indicating normal disk activity  
on the SCSI bus, and the fault LED is off. Table 3–1 lists the states of the SBB  
LEDs and recommends corrective actions when an LED indicates a fault  
condition.  
3-4 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Table 3-1  
Disk Drive SBB Status LEDs  
Activity LED  
Fault LED  
Indication  
On  
Off  
On  
Off  
Off  
On  
Drive is operating properly.  
Drive is inactive and operating normally. There is no fault.  
Fault status: drive is defective. Recommend that you  
replace the device.  
Off  
On  
On  
Fault status: drive is inactive and not spinning.  
Recommend that you replace the device.  
Flashing  
Fault status: drive is active and slowing down due to the  
fault.  
Figure 3-2. Disk drive status LEDs  
Controller LEDs  
The LEDs on the front panel of the controller monitor host and disk channel  
activity and a controller fault condition. The reset button/LED flashes green  
approximately once every second (heartbeat) to indicate that the controller is  
operating normally. See Chapter 2 “Raid Array Controller” for more  
information.  
Maintenance 3-5  
EMU Error Reporting  
The primary function of the EMU is to detect and report conditions that can  
cause the pedestal to malfunction and to report malfunctions. To accomplish  
this, the EMU constantly monitors the following pedestal signals:  
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
+5 and +12 VDC  
AC input  
Power supply present  
Total power  
Power OK (P_OK)  
Power disabled  
Fan Speed (minimum and high speed)  
Fan exhaust temperature  
Shelf OK (S_OK)  
The EMU can exchange signals with auxiliary devices and controllers.  
EMU Error Conditions  
The EMU reports error conditions and malfunctions using an audible alarm  
and an LED. The user-enabled audible alarm and the amber fault LED on the  
front of the pedestal are the only error indicators.  
3-6 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Whenever any of the following error conditions occur, the amber fault LED on  
the front of the pedestal will turn on. When alarm switch S1 on the rear panel  
of the pedestal is in the up (enabled) position, the audible alarm will sound  
whenever one of the following conditions occurs:  
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Loss of AC power to one of the power supplies  
Failure of either power supply fan  
UPS not connected  
UPS power failure  
UPS output too low  
Temperature exceeds 123ºF (50ºC)  
One of the +12 VDC outputs is less than + 9.85 VDC  
One of the +5 VDC outputs is less than + 3.95 VDC  
Miscellaneous error condition  
A controller error condition exists  
External fault  
Replacing Components (FRUs)  
This section describes how to replace an FRU in the RAID Array 3000  
pedestal. The information is divided into the following subsections:  
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Removing the pedestal door  
Replacing an SBB  
Replacing a power supply  
Replacing the controller  
Replacing the EMU board  
Replacing the UPS  
Replacing a controller memory cache module  
Maintenance 3-7  
Removing the Pedestal Door  
Proceed as follows to remove the pedestal door (Figure 3–3):  
1. Unlock and open the door to a 90º angle in relation to the closed  
position.  
2. Carefully lift up on the door until the hinge pins are against the top of  
the mounting holes.  
3. Pull the door straight out until the hinge pins clear the bezel.  
Figure 3-3. Removing pedestal door  
Replacing an SBB  
There are two methods for replacing a disk drive SBB with an identical SBB:  
I
Hot plug – This method requires that the SCSI controller support  
removing and installing SBBs while the bus is active. Hot plug is  
supported by the RAID Array 3000 controller  
I
Cold plug – Requires removing AC power from the pedestal and  
disabling the UPS to deactivate the bus  
Perform the following procedure to replace an SBB in the pedestal  
(Figure 3–4):  
3-8 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
CAUTION: Always use both hands when removing or inserting an SBB.  
I
Never remove a drive from the pedestal before it has completely spun  
down.  
I
Take care not to slam the replacement SBB into the pedestal enclosure.  
1. Unlock and open the front door.  
2. Release the drive from the pedestal slot by squeezing the mounting tabs  
on the SBB together, but do not remove the SBB from the pedestal.  
3. Wait 15-30 seconds for the drive to stop spinning before removing it  
from the pedestal slot.  
4. Insert an identical model SBB in the slot and push it in until an audible  
click is heard indicating the SBB is fully seated (SBB front panel  
mounting tabs expand and engage the pedestal shelf).  
5. Observe that the SBB status LEDs are operating.  
6. Close the front door.  
Figure 3-4. Replacing an SBB  
Maintenance 3-9  
Replacing a Power Supply  
You can replace a power supply without affecting pedestal operation using the  
following procedure:  
CAUTION: When you remove a power supply, the airflow through the SBBs is  
interrupted. Always install the replacement power supply as quickly as possible  
to prevent overheating.  
1. Grasp the power supply handle shown in Figure 3–5.  
2. Slide and hold the locking latch to the left and pull the supply out using  
a short jerking motion.  
3. Insert the replacement power supply into the pedestal and carefully align  
it.  
4. Push the power supply in until it is fully seated and the locking tab  
engages.Until the fan is operating at the proper speed, the green power  
supply LED remains off. When the fan reaches the proper speed (several  
seconds), the LED should come on.  
Figure 3-5. Replacing a power supply  
3-10 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Replacing the RAID Array Controller  
Perform the following procedure to replace the RAID array controller  
(Figure 3–6):  
1. Grip the two locking latches on the front panel of the controller and pull  
them forward until the controller disengages from its mounting slot.  
2. Remove the controller by sliding it forward and free of the pedestal.  
3. Insert the replacement controller into the open slot, align the module  
into the card guides, and gently slide it into the pedestal until the  
connector engages the backplane connector in the pedestal.  
4. Turn the two front panel latches inward to fully seat the controller in the  
pedestal slot.  
Figure 3-6. Removing the controller from the pedestal  
Maintenance 3-11  
Replacing the EMU Board  
WARNING: Only qualified service personnel should replace the EMU. Dangerous  
voltages are exposed when the pedestal side panel is removed. Always power  
off the pedestal and remove the power cords before replacing the EMU.  
Tools required:  
I
Flat-blade or 3/16 in(5 mm) hex-head screwdriver  
# 10 TORX-head screwdriver  
I
Perform the following procedure to replace the EMU Board:  
1. Quiesce the host bus by shutting down the host system.  
CAUTION: To allow the UPS to supply power while the cache is being flushed  
to disk, do not unplug the base pedestal from the UPS.  
2. Unplug the base pedestal power cord from the wall outlet.  
3. Unplug the UPS power cord from the wall outlet. The UPS will now  
signal the controller to flush the cache.  
4. Wait until the UPS shuts down completely (this may take several  
minutes).  
5. Power off the base pedestal and plug the UPS power cord into the wall  
outlet.  
6. Remove the pedestal door.  
7. Remove the left side cover from the pedestal (see “Reconfiguring the  
SCSI Bus”).  
8. Record the orientation of the color traces on the two ribbon cables  
connected at the rear of the EMU board and disconnects the cables.  
9. Remove the hex standoffs from the UPS and external fault connectors  
on the rear panel using a hex-head or a flat-blade screwdriver  
(Figure 3–7).  
10. Remove the board from the pedestal.  
3-12 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Figure 3-7 shows how to remove standoffs from the UPS and external fault  
connectors.  
3000-49  
Figure 3-7. Remove standoffs from UPS and external fault connectors  
11. Align the connectors on the replacement EMU with the connector holes  
on the rear panel and replace the mounting studs to secure the board (Do  
not over-tighten).  
12. Reconnect the two ribbon cables to the rear connectors on the EMU  
board.  
13. Replace the side cover on the pedestal and secure it with the TORX-  
head screw on the front bezel of the pedestal.  
14. Replace the door on the pedestal.  
Maintenance 3-13  
Replacing the UPS  
Proceed as follows to replace the UPS:  
1. Ensure the UPS power switch is set to off.  
2. Disconnect the pedestal power cord from the UPS.  
3. Disconnect the UPS power cord from the wall outlet.  
4. Disconnect the signal control cable from the UPS  
5. Install the replacement UPS and reconnect the power cords and the  
signal control cable.  
6. Set the UPS power switch to “on” and then power up the pedestal.  
Differential/Wide UltraSCSI Bus  
The reliability of data transfers on a SCSI bus depends on the following  
factors:  
I
The bus transmission rate  
I
The maximum SCSI bus length (a function of bus type, the transmission  
rate, and the use of SCSI bus converters)  
I
I
The total length of the SCSI bus (as measured from the host bus  
terminator to the subsystem terminator)  
MT/s (mega-transfers per second) is the repetitive rate at which words  
of data are transferred across a bus. The number of megabytes per  
second (Mb/s) is determined by the bus width (8 or 16-bit) and the  
number of bytes per word (1 or 2, respectively)  
Table 3–2 lists the maximum SCSI bus lengths and the longest SCSI  
cables recommended by Compaq.  
NOTE: Because the bus length includes the cable plus the backplane distance inside the  
enclosure, the recommended maximum cable lengths listed are not the same as the  
maximum bus length.  
3-14 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Table 3-2  
SCSI Bus Length and External Cables  
Bus  
Speed  
Fast  
Rate  
Mb/s  
40  
Bus Length  
Longest COMPAQ Cable  
MT/s  
Meters  
25  
Feet  
Number  
Meters  
Feet  
20  
82  
BN21K-23  
BN21L-23  
23  
82  
The SCSI bus in your pedestal is factory-configured as a split bus. One bus is  
designated bus D0 and the other as bus D1. An internal eight-position step  
switch in the cabinet controls the SCSI bus device address configuration of the  
SBB slots in the pedestal. For the RAID Array 3000, the switch is preset at the  
factory to configuration 6. This results in a device slot address assignment of 8  
through 11 for bus D0 and 8 through 10 for bus D1. Table 3–3 lists the device  
addresses for each bus and their corresponding pedestal slot location.  
Table 3-3  
Assigned Slot Device Addresses in the Pedestal  
Slot #  
Bus  
0
1
2
3
4
5
D1  
9
6
D0  
8
9
10  
11  
8
10  
Device  
Address  
Reconfiguring the SCSI Bus  
WARNING: Only qualified service personnel should reconfigure the SCSI bus.  
Dangerous voltages are present within the subsystem. To prevent electrical  
shock, always turn the subsystem off and disconnect the power cords before  
removing the side panel.  
If you want to reconfigure the SCSI bus (to add the Expansion Pedestal Option  
to your subsystem installation for example), you must reconfigure the bus.  
This involves powering down the subsystem installation, removing the left  
side panel, and reconfiguring the bus by changing the setting of the  
configuration switch. Adding the Expansion Pedestal Option to your  
installation is described in Chapter 4.  
Maintenance 3-15  
The SCSI bus configuration switch selects the eight (0 – 7) SCSI bus  
configurations in the pedestal. Each bus configuration determines the slot  
device addresses (0 – 6) for both 8-bit and 16-bit devices. The pedestal is  
configured at the factory for split-bus operation (configuration switch set to 6).  
To change the configuration of the bus, you must remove the left side panel to  
gain access to the backplane and the configuration switch.  
NOTE: SCSI device addresses 6 and 7 are reserved for the RAID Array controllers. The  
top controller slot in the pedestal is assigned device address 7 and the bottom slot  
(redundant controller) is device address 6. The controller allows a maximum of 14 disk  
devices on each of its device buses.  
To remove the side panel, proceed as follows:  
1. Quiesce the host bus by shutting down the host system.  
CAUTION: To allow the UPS to supply power while the cache is being flushed  
to disk, do not unplug the base pedestal from the UPS.  
2. Unplug the base pedestal power cord from the wall outlet.  
3. Unplug the UPS power cord from the wall outlet. The UPS will now  
signal the controller to flush the cache.  
4. Wait until the UPS shuts down completely (this may take several  
minutes).  
5. Power off the base pedestal and plug the UPS power cord into the wall  
outlet.  
6. Disconnect the SCSI cable from the host connector on the rear panel.  
7. Remove the front door on the pedestal.  
8. Remove the cover screw from the left side panel (Figure 3–8).  
9. Grasp the handhold at the rear of the panel and pull the panel toward the  
rear and clear of the cabinet.  
3-16 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Figure 3-8 shows how to remove the screw and panel.  
Figure 3-8. Remove screw and panel  
Figure 3–9 shows the location of the switch. Figure 3–10 shows the separate  
step switches to set the subsystem to the desired SCSI bus configuration (refer  
to the label at bottom of pedestal to cross-reference slot SCSI ID addresses  
with switch settings).  
Maintenance 3-17  
NOTE: To decrease the configuration number, Press the upper switch to step the  
address down one address at a time (decrement) until the desired configuration number is  
displayed.  
To increase the configuration number, press the lower switch to step the address up one  
address at a time (increment) until the desired configuration number is displayed.  
10. Close the side panels and replace the cover screw.  
6
3000-38  
Figure 3-9. Location of SCSI bus configuration switch  
6
Figure 3-10. Configuration switch  
NOTE: Reconfiguring the bus also involves cable and bus terminator changes. Chapter 4  
Expansion Pedestal Option” describes, in detail, how to reconfigure the bus.  
3-18 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Replacing the Controller Memory Cache  
Modules  
The two memory cache modules in the RAID controller are replaced by  
removing the controller from the pedestal to gain access to the modules. Then,  
place the controller on a flat working surface and proceed as follows:  
WARNING: To prevent an electrical discharge from damaging the SIMMs,  
always wear an ESD wrist strap connected to a suitable ground when handling  
the memory chips.  
1. Power down the pedestal first and then the UPS.  
2. Grasp the latches on the front of the controller and pull them forward  
until the controller disengages from the pedestal (Figure 3–11).  
3. Remove the controller from the pedestal and place on a flat working  
surface.  
4. Remove the two installed cache memory SIMM modules by releasing  
the locking clips at each end of the module until it disengages and snaps  
into an upright position as shown in Figures 3–12 and 3–13.  
Figure 3-11. Remove controller  
Maintenance 3-19  
Figure 3-12 shows how to release the locking clips.  
Figure 3-12. Release locking clips  
Figure 3-13 shows how to remove the installed SIMM modules.  
Figure 13. Remove installed SIMM modules  
CAUTION: Ensure the side 1side of the two replacement SIMMs is facing  
toward you when installing the modules in the following step.  
3-20 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
5. Installed the two replacement memory modules by aligning the module  
and connector pins (check alignment guide in center of module) and  
gently pivot the module the main controller board until it snaps into  
place (Figures 3–14 and 3–15).  
6. Replace the controller into the pedestal.  
7. Power on the UPS and pedestal and check the activity LEDs on the front  
panel of the controller. The reset switch/LED should begin to flash at a  
half-second rate (heartbeat) and the host activity LEDs should flash.  
Figure 3-14. Install replacement SIMM  
Figure 3-15. Pivot SIMM down to secure  
Chapter  
4
Expansion Pedestal Option  
This chapter describes the major features of the expansion pedestal option and  
how to connect the option to your RAID Array 3000 storage subsystem.  
Product Description  
The StorageWorks pedestal expansion option is designed to expand the storage  
capacity of the RAID Array 3000 subsystem (Figure 4–1). When connected to  
the RAID Array 3000 base pedestal, the expansion option contains the basic  
components required to create a dual-pedestal storage array with a 16-bit,  
single-ended Ultra SCSI bus. The option enables a user to add up to seven  
3½-in SBBs to create a 14-device storage array. The expanded array is  
controlled and operated in an identical fashion as the base RAID Array 3000  
subsystem.  
4-2 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Figure 4-1 shows the Expansion Pedestal.  
Figure 4-1. Expansion pedestal  
Expansion Pedestal Cabinet  
The expansion pedestal cabinet is a modular, freestanding storage cabinet that  
is completely self contained with dual fan-cooled power supplies, an internal  
UltraSCSI single-ended extender module, and an internal EMU circuit board.  
The cabinet dimensions are the same as the subsystem base pedestal which  
houses the controller and is normally installed within one meter of the base  
cabinet to facilitate the cable connections between the two units. Figure 4–2  
shows the expanded subsystem's SBB slots and they are corresponding SCSI  
ID addresses. Figure 4–3 shows the items on the rear panel power supplies.  
Characteristics of the expansion pedestal cabinet are:  
I
The storage device capacity of the expansion pedestal is seven 3½-in.  
SBBs.  
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I
The pedestal slots are numbered 0 through 6 from top to bottom.  
There are seven SCSI bus device addresses (target IDs) 8 through 14  
which can be assigned to the 3½-in SBBs.  
Expansion Pedestal Option 4-3  
I
There is a single 68-pin, VHDC female SCSI connector on the rear  
panel which interconnects the SBB expansion pedestal to the controller  
pedestal.  
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I
The rear panel contains an alarm switch and an external fault condition  
connector.  
The expansion pedestal contains two interchangeable fan-cooled AC  
power supplies for redundant power.  
The expansion pedestal is equipped with an internal configuration  
switch which selects one of the eight (0 through 7) subsystem  
configurations (set to the correct configuration setting at the factory to  
properly integrate the expansion pedestal to the controller pedestal).  
ID = 8  
SLOT 0  
SLOT 1  
SLOT 2  
SLOT 3  
SLOT 4  
SLOT 5  
SLOT 6  
ID = 14  
EXPANSION PEDESTAL  
3000-19A  
Figure 4-2. Expansion pedestal slot locations and ID addresses  
4-4 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Figure 4-3 shows the rear panel power supplies.  
Figure 4-3. Rear panel power supplies  
Expansion Pedestal Components  
The expansion pedestal contains a 16-bit, wide/differential UltraSCSI bus, an  
Environmental Monitor Unit (EMU), a SCSI bus extender module, and two  
universal 50/60 Hz, 100–240 VAC fan-cooled power supplies.  
The single-ended UltraSCSI bus is factory-configured as one continuous bus  
that runs along the backplane between the disk drive connectors and the  
internal cables. These cables connect the drives to the connectors located on  
the rear panel of the expansion pedestal. The device addresses on the bus are  
set at the factory by an internal configuration switch. When set to a specific  
position, the switch controls the addresses of each SBB slot.  
Expansion Pedestal Option 4-5  
The SCSI bus extender module extends the allowable electrical length of the  
bus to accommodate longer physical SCSI cable connections between the base  
and expansion pedestals.  
The EMU is an internal circuit board, which monitors the operation of the  
pedestal (Figure 4–4). The EMU monitors power supply voltages, fans,  
temperatures that are reported to the user, and controls (turns on and off) the  
audible alarm and status LED on the front panel of the pedestal. It is connected  
to the SCSI bus and powered by internal cabling. The following external  
components on the rear panel of the expansion pedestal are part of the EMU  
board:  
I
The alarm switch (S1) that enables (up) or disables (down) the audible  
alarm  
I
The External Fault Condition connector allows the EMU to monitor the  
status of a user-selected device  
EMU  
3000-37  
Figure 4-4. EMU circuit board location  
4-6 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Reconfiguring Base Pedestal UltraSCSI  
Bus  
WARNING: Only qualified service personnel should reconfigure the base  
pedestal. Dangerous voltages are present within the subsystem. To prevent  
electrical shock, always turn the subsystem off and disconnect the power cords  
before removing the side panel.  
The RAID Array 3000 base pedestal is factory-configured for split-bus  
operation. You must reconfigure the bus in the base subsystem from split-bus  
to a through-bus configuration prior to connecting the expansion cabinet to the  
base subsystem. The components needed to reconfigure the split-bus in the  
base subsystem are included with your pedestal expansion kit option.  
WARNING: To prevent electrostatic discharge (ESD) from damaging the  
controller, always wear an ESD wrist strap connected to a suitable ground  
whenever you handle any of the electronic components.  
Perform the following procedure to reconfigure the SCSI bus in the base  
pedestal from a split-bus to a through-bus configuration:  
1. Perform an inventory of the bus conversion items supplied with the  
pedestal expansion kit option. The items should consist of:  
I
I
SCSI bus jumper cable 17-04166-03  
SCSI cable 17-04454-01  
2. Quiesce the host bus by shutting down the host system.  
CAUTION: To allow the UPS to supply power while the cache is being flushed  
to disk, do not unplug the base pedestal from the UPS.  
3. Unplug the base power cord from the wall outlet.  
4. Unplug the UPS power cord from the wall outlet. The UPS will now  
signal the controller to flush the cache.  
5. Wait until the UPS shuts down completely (this may take several  
minutes).  
6. Power off the base pedestal and plug the UPS into the wall outlet.  
Expansion Pedestal Option 4-7  
7. Remove the side cover from the base pedestal (Figure 4–5).  
Figure 4-5. Remove side cover from base pedestal  
8. Remove the bus terminator from backplane connector J11  
(Figure 4–6).  
1
SHR-1495  
Figure 4-6. Remove SCSI bus terminator  
4-8 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
9. Remove the SCSI cable from device # 1 connector and backplane  
connector J16 (Figure 4–7).  
1
SHR-1495  
Figure 4-7. Disconnect SCSI cable  
Expansion Pedestal Option 4-9  
10. Connect jumper cable 17-04166-03 between the backplane connector  
J11 and the backplane connector J16 (Figure 4–8).  
J11  
J16  
Connect Jumper Cable  
3000-42  
Figure 4-8. Connect SCSI jumper  
4-10 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
11. Remove the knock-out plate located above the D1 OUT label on the rear  
panel of the base pedestal (Figure 4–9).  
Remove Knockout  
from D1 Out  
3000-45  
Figure 4-9. Remove connector knockout plate  
Expansion Pedestal Option 4-11  
12. Connect cable assembly 17-04454-01 between the D1 OUT bulkhead  
opening and the device # 1 backplane connector (Figure 4–10). Secure  
the bulkhead connector by tightening the two 6-32 SEM screws.  
Connect SCSI Cable  
3000-43  
Figure 4-10. Connect SCSI cable  
4-12 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Set the bus configuration switch to 7 (Figures 4–11 and 4–12).  
7
3000-44  
Figure 4-11. Set configuration switch to 7  
Figure 4-12. Configuration switch  
Expansion Pedestal Option 4-13  
Figure 4–13 shows the reconfigured SCSI bus addresses of the expanded  
subsystem  
Figure 4-13. Reconfigured SCSI bus addresses  
4-14 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
13. Reinstall the side panel on the base pedestal.  
14. Connect the HD68-to-HD68 SCSI cable from the D1 OUT connector on  
the base pedestal to the D1 IN connector on the rear of the expansion  
pedestal as shown in Figure 4–14.  
Base  
Pedestal  
Expansion  
Pedestal  
3000-47  
Figure 4-14. Connect SCSI cable between pedestals  
Expansion Pedestal Option 4-15  
15. Make the power cable connections between the expansion pedestal, the  
UPS, and the AC power source (Figure 4–15).  
Base  
UPS  
Pedestal  
Connector  
AC  
Power  
Expansion  
Pedestal  
AC  
Power  
AC  
Power  
UPS  
3000-50  
Figure 4-15. Power cable connections  
CAUTION: If you want to maintain the existing RAID level configuration, three  
drives must be relocated from the base pedestal to specific slots in the  
expansion pedestal as described in step 13.  
4-16 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
16. Transfer the bottom three disk drives (slots 4, 5, and 6) from the base  
pedestal to the top three slot locations (slots 0, 1, and 2) in the expansion  
pedestal as shown in Figure 4–16.  
ID = 8  
ID = 9  
ID = 10  
ID = 11  
ID = 8  
ID = 9  
ID = 10  
ID = 8  
ID = 9  
ID = 10  
ID = 11  
ID = 12  
ID = 13  
ID = 14  
Base Pedestal  
Expansion Pedestal  
3000-46  
Figure 4-16. Transfer drives from base to expansion pedestal  
17. Install the new drives in the remaining slots of each pedestal to complete  
the installation.  
18. Power up the UPS and the two pedestals and then proceed to the  
Compaq StorageWorks RAID 3000 Configuration and Maintenance  
Guide to configure the expanded subsystem.  
Chapter  
5
Second Controller Option  
This chapter describes how to install a second RAID controller in the RAID  
Array 3000 pedestal. The second controller option adds a fail/safe feature to  
your storage subsystem. The chapter also contains a procedure describing how  
to configure the subsystem for dual-controller operation when only one serial  
port is available on the host.  
The controller option adds a second (redundant) controller unit to your  
subsystem to preserve the integrity of data should the first controller  
malfunction. The second controller is installed directly below the existing  
controller in the bottom controller slot of the RAID Array 3000 pedestal  
(see Figure 5-1).  
The installation procedure consists of adding two Single Inline Memory  
Modules (SIMM) to the redundant controller and, depending on the option kit  
you are installing (see “Second controller option kit in this chapter), one or  
two SIMM modules to the existing controller. Following the memory upgrade,  
you must upgrade the firmware in both controllers, seat the devices in their  
respective controller slots, and configure the subsystem to accommodate a  
redundant controller.  
5-2 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Second Controller Option Kit  
Perform an inventory of the items contained in the second controller kit  
option. The kit should contain the following:  
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
RAID Array 3000 controller  
For option kit DS-HSZ22-AA, 3 SIMMs  
For option kit DS-HSZ22-AB, 4 SIMMs  
CD with new firmware  
Model label  
Warranty card  
This guide  
Second  
Controller  
Slot  
3000-48  
Figure 5-1. Second controller pedestal slot location  
Second Controller Option 5-3  
Installing the Upgrade  
WARNING: To prevent an electrical discharge from damaging the SIMMs,  
always wear an ESD wrist or foot strap connected to a suitable ground when  
handling the memory modules.  
NOTE: You can upgrade your firmware using the SCSI or network connection methods.  
These methods provide the fastest way to upgrade your firmware. To update your  
controller’s firmware, proceed as follows.  
Saving Existing Configuration  
NOTE: You must save the subsystem configuration using the StorageWorks Command  
Console Client (SWCC) before performing the installation procedure. Otherwise, the RAID  
controller may lose your configuration.  
To save your current configuration:  
Select the Storage pull-down menu from the Toolbar. Click Controller, select  
Configuration, and then Save (Figure 5-2).  
Figure 5-2. Saving the existing configuration  
5-4 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
A Save Configuration screen with a Save to File field appears as shown in  
Figure 5-3. The example in Figure 5-3 shows the file name as c:\config1.  
Enter your file name in the Save to File field and click Save.  
Figure 5-3. Saved configuration  
Updating Firmware  
CAUTION: If the systems disk is on the RA3000, firmware cannot be upgraded  
with SWCC. Establish a temporary system disk on a disk drive outside the  
RA3000 and proceed with these instructions or follow the alternative shown in  
Section Update Firmware Using Serial Interface.  
Updating Firmware Using SWCC  
Start SWCC and choose SCSI or Network Connection. From the Storage  
menu, select Controller, and then select Update Firmware (Figure 5-4),  
Figure 5-4. Update firmware command  
Second Controller Option 5-5  
A window will appear asking you to specify the firmware file that you want to  
load (Figure 5-5). This file resides on the CD supplied with the controller kit  
option. You can easily identify Firmware software by its .FDI extension. Enter  
the .FDI file name (for example, D:\FIRMWARE\XXX.FDI), then click Start  
Update. Upon completion of the Firmware update, the system will  
automatically reboot and update the controller’s firmware.  
Figure 5-5. Firmware update dialog box  
Updating Firmware Using Serial Interface  
NOTE: Follow this procedure only when the host operating system is installed on the  
RA3000.  
1. Properly shutdown your host system  
2. Using either a laptop computer or a computer other than that attached to  
the RA3000, connect a serial cable between the COM port on that  
machine and the corresponding serial port (CTR1 or CTR2) for the  
controller on the RA3000.  
3. Start a terminal emulator session. For Windows NT, we suggest the  
HyperTerminal emulator. Settings to be used are 9600 baud, 8 bits, No  
Parity, 1 stop bit, XON/XOFF.  
4. To activate the controller, press Escape key then press the Shift+7 keys.  
The controller will respond with a banner stating DEC HSZ22 DEC  
Monitor Utility, followed by the firmware revision number. You will  
not actually be using this utility to upgrade the firmware, but having it  
operational makes the next step easier.  
5. Reset the controller by power cycling the RA3000 subsystem. You will  
see a Flash Boot Utility Banner, followed by instructions to type Ctrl+C  
to abort. Press the Ctrl+C keys to abort the load sequence. A FLASH  
Boot Utility Options menu should appear.  
5-6 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
6. Choose menu item (2). “Change serial baud rate”. Select 38400. When  
presented with the “Please change your baud rate and press Return”  
message, do so from within HyperTerminal via the File\Properties  
menu, then choose Configure. If there is no response from the utility  
after changing the baud rate, proceed with step 7.  
7. After changing the baud rate, you may have to close and reenter  
HyperTerminal. Press the Return key after HyperTerminal restarts. You  
will see the FLASH Boot Utility Option menu again.  
8. Select menu item “1) Download new Firmware Image”. Using the  
Transfer menu in HyperTerminal, choose Send Text File and send the  
firmware. You will see a “Receiving code for System Version <ver>”  
message, followed by a series of \ | / - characters cycling at the end of  
the line. At 9600 baud, the download will take between 45-60 minutes.  
At 38400, it should take around 10-12 minutes. At completion, you will  
see the FLASH Programming complete message, followed by the  
FLASH Boot Utility Options menu again.  
9. Select item 9, Restart Controller. You will be instructed to reset the  
baud rate back to 9600, which you will again do from the  
HyperTerminal File\Properties\Configure menu. As in step 7, you will  
probably have to exit and restart HyperTerminal to get any response.  
Press the Enter key when Hyperterminal restarts. Your firmware should  
now be upgraded.  
Shutting Down the RA3000  
1. Ensure that both host ports are in a quiescent state (no I/O activity).  
2. Shut down the host system.  
3. Issue a shutdown command from the SWCC Console to the pedestal  
controller.  
4. Power off the pedestal or controller shelf as applicable.  
Second Controller Option 5-7  
Installing Two SIMMs into Second Controller  
1. Install two of the SIMM modules into the second controller (make sure  
all SIMM modules are of the same type) by aligning the connector pins  
and inserting the modules into the SIMM module connectors as shown  
in Figure 5-6.  
Figure 5-6. Insert SIMM into connector  
2. Ensure the SIMM is firmly seated and then gently pivot it toward the  
controller board until it snaps into place as shown in Figure 5-7.  
Figure 5-7. Pivot SIMM down to seat  
5-8 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Replacing Existing Controller  
1. Replace the existing controller with the new controller  
(Figure 5-8 to remove).  
Figure 5-8 Remove controller from top slot  
NOTE: Ensure that you install the new controller in the same slot as the existing controller  
removed in step 1. Do not leave the existing controller in the pedestal while performing  
the following step.  
2. Power up the system and then restore the configuration on the new  
controller as explained in the following section.  
Second Controller Option 5-9  
Restoring the Configuration  
To restore your configuration to the new controller:  
1. Restart SWCC in the Serial Mode (refer to the Getting Started RAID  
Array 3000 Installation Guide for your host system guide for  
instructions).  
2. Select the Storage pull-down menu from the Toolbar, then choose  
Controller.  
3. From the Controller pull-down menu, select Configuration, and then  
Restore (Figure 5-9).  
Figure 5-9. Restoring configuration to new controller  
5-10 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
The saved configuration screen with a Restore from File field appears as  
shown in the example of Figure 5-10.  
Figure 5-10. Restored configuration example  
NOTE: Restoring the configuration in the following step may take up to 5 minutes.  
4. Enter the file name that you saved in “Saving Existing Configuration”  
and click Restore.  
Updating Firmware on Second Controller  
1. After configuration has been restored, update firmware on the second  
controller. Repeat the procedure in Section “Update Firmware Using  
SWCC” or “Update Firmware Using Serial Interface”.  
2. After the configuration has been restored and firmware has been  
updated, power down the system.  
Second Controller Option 5-11  
Installing Original Controller  
1. If installing option kit DS-HSZ22-AA, add the second SIMM to the  
original controller. If installing option kit DS-HSZ22-AB, replace the  
existing SIMM with the two remaining SIMMs supplied with the kit.  
(see “Install Two SIMMs Into Second Controller” for instructions).  
2. Install the second controller into the pedestal (or controller shelf) and  
power up the system. The system is now in the dual-redundant operating  
mode.  
3. Locate the second serial cable that came in the second controller kit.  
Connect this cable to the second controller serial port on the RA3000  
and to COM 2 port and restart SWCC in serial mode. You now have two  
serial connections.  
4. To check that the controller pair is in redundant mode, click the  
Controller icon. Properties for both controllers will be visible.  
Firmware revision of both controllers must be identical. If either  
controller is shown in gray, refer to the Getting Started RAID Array  
3000 Installation Guide for your host system for more detailed  
instructions.  
Configuring a Dual Controller Installation  
for a Single Serial Port  
This section describes how to configure your RA3000 storage system for dual  
controller operation when only one serial port is available on the host. If  
required, refer to the Getting Started RAID Array 3000 Installation Guide for  
your host system for SWCC installation instructions. The information in this  
section is divided as follows:  
I
Configuring the RA3000 storage system for dual-controller operation  
I
Connecting to your dual controller storage system using a serial  
connection  
I
Verifying the controller operating parameters  
5-12 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
Configuring the RA3000 for the Active Mode of  
Operation  
If you are upgrading from a single controller storage system, the installed  
controller will be in the active/passive mode of operation. To configure the  
storage system using a single serial connection, the dual controllers must be  
placed in Active/Active mode. Perform the procedure to change your storage  
system from “Active/Passive” to “Active/Active” mode of operation.  
1. Shutdown the RA3000 storage system, install the second controller, and  
restart the system.  
2. Connect the host serial port to the serial port connector on the top  
controller of the RA3000.  
3. Open an HSZ22 monitor utility terminal session. The terminal settings  
should be 9600 BAUD, 8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, XON/XOFF. If  
prompted for a password, enter RAID.  
4. When the terminal session is displayed, press the Escape key then press  
Shift+7 keys. The controller will respond with banner listing HSZ22  
Monitor Utility followed by the Firmware revision number.  
5. Select Setup Parameters from the main menu.  
6. Select Rdnt Ctrlr Parameters and change the value of Host I/O  
Channel 1 to Passive. Press the Ctrl+Z keys to exit.  
7. Transfer the serial cable to the serial port on the bottom controller and  
press the Ctrl+Z keys. When the Monitor Utility screen appears, press  
any key to continue.  
8. Select Setup Parameters and then select Rdnt Ctrlr Parameters from  
the main menu.  
9. Both channels should be displayed as “Passive”. Select the host I/O  
channel that was not reconfigured in step 5 and change its value to  
Active. Press the Ctrl+Z keys to exit.  
10. Restart the controllers by power cycling the RA3000 storage system.  
11. Recheck the Rdnt Ctrlr Parameters. The controller values should display  
(Active/Passive).  
12. Transfer the serial cable to the serial port on the top controller on the  
RA3000 and press the Ctrl+Z keys.  
13. Check the Rdnt Ctrlr Parameters. The controller values should display  
(Passive/Active).  
Second Controller Option 5-13  
Your storage system is now properly configured for dual controller operation  
from a single serial host port. Proceed to the next section to configure the  
controllers.  
Configuring the Dual Controllers  
In order to create a virtual disk, a serial connection must be made to the  
controller. The serial connection provides a local connection to the RA3000  
(HSZ22) controller. To configure the controller, perform the following steps:  
1. Ensure the RA3000 Storage System is turned off.  
2. Connect the serial cable between the host serial connector and the top  
controller’s serial port connector.  
3. Power on the RA3000 storage system.  
4. Open the StorageWorks management utility.  
5. Select the Serial button in the HSZ22 Management window.  
6. Select the serial port available on the host’s workstation and then click  
on the Connect button.  
7. When the second connection window appears, select Cancel. Once the  
connection is established, a storage window will appear with the  
connected port identified at the top of the window.  
8. From the Storage menu, select Add Virtual Disk. Select JBOD from  
the menu (you may select any RAID level you wish) and then select  
Next.  
9. Select Drive from the window Devices Available to Create a New  
Virtual Disk and then select Next.  
10. Select Add and then select Next.  
11. A window is displayed prompting for selection of the host port that the  
JBOD should be created on. There is a single connection to the  
controller so only one host port will be available. Select Next.  
12. Choose a LUN number and enable the write-back cache.  
13. Select Next and then Finish.  
14. You have now created one Virtual Device (JBOD) on the top controller.  
Disconnect the serial cable from the top controller and reconnect the  
cable to serial port connector on the bottom (redundant) controller.  
15. Close and reopen the StorageWorks window and repeat steps 4  
through 13.  
5-14 RAID Array 3000 Pedestal Storage Subsystem Hardware User’s Guide  
NOTE: If the storage window connection is lost when the cable is moved, reopen the  
HSZ22 StorageWindow).  
16. Once the second Virtual Disk has been created, close the StorageWorks  
window.  
17. To complete dual-controller configuration, perform the following:  
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Ensure all cables and connections to your server are in place  
Leave the RA3000 Rack Mount Storage System powered on  
Reboot the server  
Refer to the Getting Started RAID Array 3000 Installation Guide for your host  
system to configure the virtual disks as communications LUNs.  
Connecting to Your Dual Controller Storage System  
1. Open the StorageWorks management utility.  
2. Refer to the Getting Started RAID Array 3000 Installation Guide for  
your host system for instructions describing how to connect the RA3000  
to your host system.  
Second Controller Option 5-15  
Verifying the Controller Operating Parameters  
For optimal dual-controller performance and load balancing, the host ports  
should be configured as listed below. Verify these parameters from the  
Controller Properties page:  
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I
Host I/O channel 0 for Controller 1 (top) to Active  
Host I/O channel 1 for Controller 1 to Passive  
Channel 0 Target ID for Controller 1 to 0  
Channel 1 Target ID for Controller 2 to 1  
NOTE: It is allowable to configure the host I/O and target IDs as follows:  
Controller 1 (top) may be set to Passivewhile host I/O channel 1 for Controller 1 is set  
to Active. As long as each host channel value and channel target ID value is unique, the  
system is correctly configured for Active/Active mode.  
1. Select the Environment tab from the Controller Properties window.  
2. Ensure the cabinet and UPS settings are set to normal.  
3. Select the Cache tab from the Controller Properties window. The  
SIMMs parameters must be identical between controllers.  
4. Select OK. The system is now ready for dual-controller operation.  
Configuration of additional RAIDsets may now be performed as  
desired.  

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