Accton Technology Computer Accessories 4508 User Manual

CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Management Guide  
Copyright © 2000 by Accton Technology Corporation. All rights reserved.  
No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior  
written consent of Accton Technology Corporation.  
Accton makes no warranties with respect to this documentation and disclaims any implied warranties  
of merchantability, quality, or fitness for any particular purpose. The information in this document is  
subject to change without notice. Accton reserves the right to make revisions to this publication  
without obligation to notify any person or entity of any such changes.  
International Headquarters  
No. 1 Creation Road III,  
USA Headquarters  
6 Hughes  
Science-based Industrial Park  
Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, R.O.C.  
Phone: 886-3-5770-270  
Irvine, CA 92618  
Phone Numbers -  
Sales: 800-926-9288  
Support: 888-398-4101 or 949-707-4847  
FAX: 886-3-5770-267  
Internet: [email protected]  
RMA:  
800-762-4968  
FAX: 949-707-2460  
Accton is a trademark of Accton Technology Corporation. Other trademarks or brand names  
mentioned herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.  
ES4508  
E022000-R01  
150065-102  
Contents  
Chapter 1: Managing the Switch  
Configuration Options  
1-1  
1-1  
1-2  
1-2  
1-2  
1-3  
1-3  
Making Connections for System Configuration  
Onsite Connection  
Modem Connection  
Telnet Connection  
In-Band Network Connection  
Chapter 2: Using the System Configuration Program  
Main Menu  
2-1  
2-2  
System Information Menu  
2-4  
Displaying System Information  
Displaying Version Information  
Management Setup Menu  
2-4  
2-5  
2-5  
Changing the Network Configuration  
IP Configuration  
2-6  
2-7  
IP Connectivity Test (Ping)  
2-8  
Access Host Configuration  
2-8  
HTTP Configuration  
2-9  
Configuring the Serial Port  
2-10  
2-11  
2-12  
2-12  
2-13  
2-14  
2-14  
2-15  
2-16  
2-17  
2-17  
2-18  
2-19  
2-20  
2-20  
2-21  
2-23  
2-23  
2-24  
2-25  
2-26  
Assigning SNMP Parameters  
Configuring Community Names  
Configuring IP Trap Managers  
Console Login Configuration  
Downloading System Software  
Using TFTP Protocol to Download Over the Network  
Configuring the Switch  
Configuring Port Parameters  
Viewing the Current Port Configuration  
Using the Spanning Tree Algorithm  
Configuring Bridge STA  
Configuring STA for Ports  
Viewing the Current Spanning Tree Configuration  
Displaying the Current Bridge STA  
Displaying the Current STA for Ports  
Using a Mirror Port for Analysis  
IGMP Multicast Filtering  
Configuring IGMP  
Broadcast Storm Control  
Configuring Bridge MIB Extensions  
i
Configuring Traffic Classes  
Port Priority Configuration  
802.1p Port Traffic Class Information  
Configuring Virtual LANs  
2-27  
2-27  
2-28  
2-29  
2-29  
2-30  
2-31  
2-32  
2-33  
2-34  
2-35  
2-37  
2-38  
2-39  
2-40  
2-40  
802.1Q VLAN Base Information  
802.1Q VLAN Current Table Information  
802.1Q VLAN Static Table Configuration  
802.1Q VLAN Port Configuration  
Monitoring the Switch  
Displaying Port Statistics  
Displaying RMON Statistics  
Using the Address Table  
Displaying the IP Multicast Registration Table  
Configuring Static Unicast Addresses  
Resetting the System  
Logging Off the System  
Chapter 3: Using the Web Agent  
Navigating the Web Browser Interface  
Home Page  
3-1  
3-1  
3-2  
Panel Display  
3-3  
Console Configuration  
Main Menu  
3-3  
3-4  
System Information  
3-5  
Switch Information  
3-6  
Main Board  
3-6  
Network Configuration  
IP Configuration  
3-7  
3-7  
Access Host  
3-8  
SNMP Configuration  
SNMP Administration Enable  
SNMP Community  
3-8  
3-8  
3-9  
Trap Managers  
3-9  
Security Configuration  
Change Password  
3-10  
3-10  
3-10  
3-10  
3-11  
3-12  
3-13  
3-13  
3-15  
3-16  
3-17  
3-17  
3-18  
Firmware Upgrade Options  
Web Upload Management  
TFTP Download Management  
Address Table Configuration  
STA (Spanning Tree Algorithm)  
Spanning Tree Information  
Spanning Tree Configuration  
STA Port Configuration  
Configuring Bridge MIB Extensions  
Bridge Capability  
Bridge Settings  
ii  
Priority  
Port Priority Configuration  
Port Traffic Class Information  
Configuring VLANs  
3-18  
3-18  
3-19  
3-20  
3-20  
3-21  
3-22  
3-22  
3-23  
3-24  
3-25  
3-25  
3-26  
3-26  
3-26  
3-27  
3-28  
3-28  
3-28  
3-30  
3-32  
VLAN Basic Information  
VLAN Current Table  
VLAN Static List  
VLAN Static Table  
VLAN Static Membership by Port  
VLAN Port Configuration  
IGMP Multicast Filtering  
Configuring IGMP  
IP Multicast Registration Table  
Port Menus  
Port Information  
Port Configuration  
Port Mirroring Configuration  
Port Statistics  
Etherlike Statistics  
RMON Statistics  
Broadcast Storm Control  
Chapter 4: Advanced Topics  
Spanning Tree Algorithm  
4-1  
4-1  
4-2  
4-2  
4-3  
4-3  
4-3  
4-4  
4-4  
4-4  
4-5  
4-5  
Virtual LANs  
Assigning Ports to VLANs  
VLAN Classification  
Port Overlapping  
Forwarding Tagged/Untagged Frames  
Forwarding Traffic with Unknown VLAN Tags  
Class-of-Service (CoS) Support  
IGMP Snooping and IP Multicast Filtering  
SNMP Management Software  
Remote Monitoring  
Appendix A: Troubleshooting  
Console Connection  
A-1  
A-1  
A-1  
A-1  
In-Band Connection  
Upgrading Firmware via the Serial Port  
Appendix B: Pin Assignments  
B-1  
B-1  
B-1  
B-1  
B-2  
B-2  
DB9 Serial Port Pin Description  
DB9 Port Pin Assignments  
Connection from Switch’s Serial Port to PC’s 9-Pin COM Port  
Connection from Switch's Serial Port to Modem's 25-Pin DCE Port  
Connection from Switch's Serial Port to PC's 25-Pin DTE Port  
iii  
iv  
Chapter 1: Managing the Switch  
Configuration Options  
The CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508 provides a menu-driven system  
configuration program that can be accessed through a direct console connection  
or modem connection to the serial port on the switch’s rear panel (out-of-band),  
or by a Telnet connection over the network (in-band).  
The switch also includes an embedded HTTP Web agent. This Web agent can  
be accessed using a standard Web browser from any computer attached to the  
network.  
The switch’s management agent is based on SNMP (Simple Network  
Management Protocol). This SNMP agent allows the switch to be managed from  
any PC on the network using in-band management software, such as Accton’s  
AccView/Open.  
Once you have connected a terminal or PC to the serial port on the switch, you  
can perform the following tasks:  
Enable/disable any port  
Set the communication mode for any port  
Configure SNMP parameters  
Configure the switch to join a Spanning Tree  
Add ports to VLAN groups  
Mirror data from a target port to an analysis port  
Display system information or statistics  
Download system firmware  
Restart the system  
1
1-1  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Making Connections for System Configuration  
The switch includes a menu-driven configuration program. The ASCII interface to  
this program can be accessed by making a direct connection to the serial  
port on the rear panel, or by a Telnet connection to the switch over the network.  
This section describes how to access the menu-driven configuration program via:  
Onsite connection  
A terminal or workstation connected to the serial port on the rear panel  
Modem connection  
A workstation connected to the serial port of a remote switch via modems  
Telnet connection  
A workstation connected to a remote switch via a Telnet connection  
It also describes how to access the embedded Web agent over the network using  
any standard browser, or with AccView network management software or other third-  
party management software.  
Onsite Connection  
Attach a VT100 compatible terminal or a PC running a terminal emulation  
program to the serial port on the switch’s rear panel. Use the null-modem cable  
provided with this package, or use a null modem connection that complies with  
the wiring assignments shown in the back of this guide.  
When attaching to a PC, set terminal emulation type to VT100, specify the port  
used by your PC (i.e., COM 1~4), and then set communications to 8 data bits,  
1 stop bit, no parity, and 19200 bps (for initial configuration). Also be sure to set  
both handshaking and flow control to “none.”  
Modem Connection  
Configure the Switch Site: Connect the switch’s DB-9 serial port to the  
modem’s serial port using standard cabling. For most modems, which use a  
25-pin port, you will have to provide an RS-232 cable with a 9-pin connector on  
one end and a 25-pin connector on the other end. You do not have to set the  
modem at the switch’s site, because the switch will automatically configure it to  
auto-answer mode.  
Configure the Remote Site: At the remote site, connect the PC’s COM port  
(COM 1~4) to the modem’s serial port. Set terminal emulation type to VT100,  
specify the port used by your PC (i.e., COM 1~4), and then set communications  
to 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity, 19200 bps, and no flow control.  
1-2  
Management Guide  
Telnet Connection  
Prior to accessing the switch via an in-band Telnet connection, you must first  
configure it with a valid IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway using an  
out-of-band connection or BOOTP protocol. After configuring the switch’s IP  
parameters, you can access the on-board configuration program from anywhere  
within the attached network.  
Note: Up to four Telnet sessions are supported.  
In-Band Network Connection  
The on-board configuration program can be accessed using Telnet or a Web  
browser (Internet Explorer 4.0 or above, or Netscape Navigator 4.0 or above)  
from any computer attached to the network. It can also be managed from a  
network computer using management software such as AccView.  
Notes: 1. Prior to accessing the switch via a direct network connection, first  
configure it with a valid IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway  
using an out-of-band connection or BOOTP protocol.  
2. The on-board program only provides access to basic configuration  
functions. To access the full range of SNMP management functions, you  
must use SNMP-based network management software. Accton provides a  
Windows-based SNMP software package called AccView/Open. If you  
require this software, please contact your Accton distributor. Also note  
that AccView’s CheetahSwitch Manager module can be easily integrated  
into most third-party management platforms.  
1-3  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
1-4  
Chapter 2: Using the System Configuration Program  
Once a direct connection to the serial port or a Telnet connection is established,  
the login screen for the on-board configuration program appears as shown below.  
AAAAAAA  
AAAAAAAAAA  
AAAAA AAAA  
AAAAA  
AAAAA  
AAAAA  
AAAAA  
AAAAA  
AAAA  
AAAA  
AAAA CC  
AAAA CC  
AAAA CC  
CCCCCCC  
CC CC  
CCCCCC TTTTTTTTTT OOOOOO  
NN  
OO NNN  
OO NN NN  
OO NN  
OO NN  
NN  
NN  
NN  
NN  
CC  
TT  
TT  
TT  
TT  
TT  
OO  
OO  
OO  
OO  
CC  
CC  
CC CC  
NN NN  
NNN  
NN  
AAAAA  
AAAAA  
AAAAAAAA CC  
AAAAAAAAA  
CC  
CCCCCCC  
CCCCCCC  
OOOOOO  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup - 4508  
v01.00.01 01-12-2000 (c) Copyright Accton Technology Corp.  
User Name : admin  
Password : **********  
If this is your first time to log into the configuration program, then the default user  
names are “admin” and “guest,” and the passwords are null. The administrator  
has Read/Write access to all configuration parameters and statistics, while the  
guest has Read Only access. To open the Main Menu, type “admin” for the user  
name and press <Enter> for the password.  
You should define a password, record it, and put it in a safe place. If you have  
not already done so, select Security Configuration and enter a password. Note  
that passwords can consist of up to 15 alphanumeric characters and are not  
case sensitive.  
Configuration parameters are described in the following section.  
Note: Based on the default configuration, a user is allowed three attempts to enter the  
correct password; on the third failed attempt the current connection is terminated.  
1
2-1  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Main Menu  
With the system configuration program you can define system parameters,  
manage the switch and all its ports, or monitor network conditions. The figure  
below of the Main Menu and the following table briefly describe the selections  
available from this program.  
Note: Options for the currently selected item are displayed in the highlighted area at  
the bottom of the interface screen.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup - 4508  
Main Menu  
System Information Menu...  
Management Setup Menu...  
Device Control Menu...  
Network Monitor Menu...  
System Restart Menu...  
Exit  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move. <Enter> to select.  
Parameter  
Description  
System Information Menu  
System Information  
Switch Information  
Provides basic system description, including contact information.  
Shows hardware/firmware version numbers, and power status.  
Management Setup Menu  
Network Configuration  
Includes IP setup, Ping facility, Access Host configuration, HTTP (Web  
agent) setup, Telnet configuration, and MAC address.  
Serial Port Configuration  
SNMP Configuration  
Sets communication parameters for the serial port, including  
management mode, baud rate, console time-out, and screen data  
refresh interval.  
Enables/disables SNMP access, activates traps; and configures  
communities and trap managers.  
Console Login Configuration Sets user names and passwords for system access, as well as the  
invalid password threshold and lockout time.  
TFTP Download  
Device Control Menu  
Port Configuration  
Downloads new version of firmware to update your system (in-band).  
Enables any port, enables/disables flow control, and sets  
communication mode to auto-negotiation or full duplex.  
2-2  
Management Guide  
Parameter  
Description  
Port Information  
Displays operational status, including link state, flow control method,  
speed and duplex mode.  
Spanning Tree Configuration Enables Spanning Tree Algorithm; also sets parameters for hello time,  
maximum message age, switch priority, and forward delay; as well as  
port priority, path cost and Fast STA mode.  
Spanning Tree Information  
Mirror Port Configuration  
IGMP Configuration  
Displays full listing of parameters for the Spanning Tree Algorithm.  
Sets the source and target ports for mirroring.  
Configures IGMP multicast filtering.  
Broadcast Storm Control  
Sets the broadcast-rate threshold at which broadcast packets are  
discarded.  
Extended Bridge Configuration Displays/configures extended bridge capabilities provided by this  
switch.  
802.1P Configuration  
Configures default port priorities and queue assignments.  
802.1Q VLAN Base  
Information  
Displays basic VLAN information, such as VLAN version number,  
maximum VLAN ID, maximum VLANs supported, and the current  
number of VLANs configured.  
802.1Q VLAN Current  
Table Information  
Displays VLAN groups and port members.  
802.1Q VLAN Static  
Table Configuration  
Configures VLAN groups via static assignments, including setting port  
members, or restricting ports from being dynamically added to a port  
by the GVRP protocol.  
802.1Q VLAN  
Port Configuration  
Displays/configures port-specific VLAN settings, including PVID,  
ingress filtering, and GVRP.  
Network Monitor Menu  
Port Statistics  
Displays statistics on network traffic passing through the selected port.  
RMON Statistics  
Displays detailed statistical information for the selected port such as  
packet type and frame size counters.  
Unicast Address Table  
Provides full address listing, as well as search and clear functions.  
IP Multicast Registration Table Displays all the multicast groups active on this switch, including  
multicast IP addresses and corresponding VLAN IDs.  
Static Unicast Address Table Used to manually configure host MAC addresses in the unicast table.  
Configuration  
System Restart  
Restarts system with options to use POST, or to retain factory defaults,  
IP settings, or user authentication settings.  
Exit  
Exits the configuration program.  
2-3  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
System Information Menu  
Use the System Information Menu to display a basic description of the switch,  
including contact information, and hardware/firmware versions.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup - 4508  
System Information Menu  
System Information ...  
Switch Information ...  
<OK>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move. <Enter> to select.  
Displaying System Information  
Use the System Information screen to display descriptive information about the  
switch, or for quick system identification as shown in the following figure and table.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup - 4508  
System Information  
System Description : Gigabit Ethernet Switch ES4508  
System Object ID  
System Up Time  
System Name  
: 1.3.6.1.4.1.259.6.17  
: 48067 (0 day, 1 hr, 2min, 34 sec)  
:
:
:
System Contact  
System Location  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move. other keys to make changes.  
Parameter  
Description  
System Description  
System Object ID  
System Up Time  
System hardware description.  
MIB II object identifier for switch’s network management subsystem.  
Length of time the current management agent has been running.  
(Note that the first value is 1/100 seconds.)  
System Name1  
System Contact1  
System Location1  
Name assigned to the switch system.  
Contact person for the system.  
Specifies the area or location where the system resides.  
1: Maximum string length is 255, but the screen only displays 45 characters. You can use the arrow keys  
to browse the whole string.  
2-4  
Management Guide  
Displaying Version Information  
Use the Switch Information screen to display hardware/firmware version numbers,  
as well as the power status.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup - 4508  
Switch Information  
Hardware Version  
POST ROM Version  
Firmware Version  
Serial Number  
: V1.0  
: V01.00.00  
: V01.00.01  
:
Port Number  
: 8  
Internal Power Status :  
Redundant Power Status :  
<OK>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move. <Enter> to select.  
Parameter  
Description  
Hardware Version  
POST ROM Version  
Firmware Version  
Serial Number1  
Hardware version of the main board.  
Power-On Self-Test version number.  
System firmware version in ROM.  
Serial number of the main board.  
Number of ports.  
Port Number  
Internal Power Status1  
Indicates if the primary power is active or inactive.  
Redundant Power Status1  
Indicates if the redundant power is active or inactive.  
1: These parameters are not supported by the current hardware version.  
Management Setup Menu  
After initially logging onto the system, adjust the communication parameters for  
your console to ensure a reliable connection (Console Configuration menu).  
Specify the Ethernet and IP addresses for the SNMP agent (IP Configuration  
menu), and then set the Administrator and User passwords (Console Login  
Configuration menu). Remember to record them in a safe place. Also set the  
community string which controls access to the on-board SNMP agent via in-band  
management software (SNMP Configuration menu). The items provided by the  
Management Setup Menu are described in the following sections.  
2-5  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup - 4508  
Management Setup  
Network Configuration ...  
Serial Port Configuration ...  
SNMP Configuration ...  
Console Login Configuration ...  
TFTP Download ...  
<OK>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move. <Enter> to select.  
Changing the Network Configuration  
Use the Network Configuration menu to set the bootup option, configure the  
switch's Internet Protocol (IP) parameters, enable the on-board Web agent, or  
enable Telnet access. The screen shown below is described in the following table.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup - 4508  
Network Configuration  
IP Configuration ...  
IP Connectivity Test (Ping) ...  
Access Host Configuration ...  
HTTP Configuration ...  
MAX Number of Allowed Telnet Sessions (1 –4) : 4  
MAC Address : 00-00-e8-12-34-56  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move. <Enter> to select.  
Parameter  
Description  
IP Configuration  
Screen used to set the bootup option, or configure the switch’s IP  
parameters for the Ethernet interface.  
IP Connectivity Test (Ping) Screen used to test IP connectivity to a specified device.  
Access Host Configuration Screen used to restrict access to the host switch to specified subnets.  
HTTP Configuration  
Screen used to enable/disable the Web agent.  
MAX Number of  
Allowed Telnet Sessions  
The maximum number of Telnet sessions allowed to simultaneously  
access the SNMP agent. Up to four sessions are supported.  
MAC Address  
Physical address of the SNMP agent.  
2-6  
Management Guide  
IP Configuration  
Use the IP Configuration screen to set the bootup option, or configure the switch's  
IP parameters. The screen shown below is described in the following table.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Network Configuration: IP Configuration  
Interface Type  
IP Address  
Subnet Mask  
Gateway IP  
IP State  
:
:
:
:
:
Ethernet  
10.1.113.29  
255.255.0.0  
10.1.0.254  
USER-CONFIG  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move. other keys to make changes.  
Parameter  
Description  
Interface Type  
Indicates IP over Ethernet.  
IP Address1  
IP address of the switch you are managing when accessing the SNMP agent over  
the network. The management agent supports SNMP over UDP/IP transport  
protocol. In this environment, all systems on the Internet, such as network  
interconnection devices and any PC accessing the agent (or running AccView) are  
assigned an IP address.  
Valid IP addresses consist of four numbers, of 0 to 255, separated by periods.  
Anything outside of this format will not be accepted by the configuration program.  
Subnet Mask1  
Subnet mask of the SNMP agent. This mask identifies the host address bits used  
for routing to specific subnets.  
Default Gateway1  
Gateway used to pass trap messages from the switch’s agent to the management  
station. Note that the gateway must be defined if the management station is  
located in a different IP segment.  
IP State  
Specifies whether IP functionality is enabled via manual configuration, or set by  
Boot Protocol (BOOTP). Options include:  
USER-CONFIG - IP functionality is enabled based on the default or user specified  
IP Configuration. (This is the default setting.)  
BOOTP Get IP - IP is enabled but will not function until a BOOTP reply has been  
received. BOOTP requests will be periodically broadcast by the switch in an effort  
to learn its IP address.  
1: The default value is null.  
2-7  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
IP Connectivity Test (Ping)  
Use the IP Connectivity Test to see if another site on the Internet can be  
reached. The screen shown below is described in the following table.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Network Configuration: IP Connectivity Test (Ping)  
IP Address  
Test Times  
Success  
:
:
:
200.123.211.109  
1000  
1000  
Interval  
Failure  
:
:
1
0
[Start]  
<OK>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move. other keys to make changes.  
Parameter  
IP Address  
Test Times  
Interval  
Description  
IP address of the site you want to ping.  
The number of ICMP echo requests to send to the specified site. (1~1000)  
The interval (in seconds) between pinging the specified site. (1~ 10 seconds)  
The number of times the specified site has responded or not to pinging.  
Success/Failure  
Access Host Configuration  
Use the Access Host Configuration screen to restrict management access to the  
host switch to specified subnets. The screen shown below is described in the  
following table.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Security Configuration: Access Host Configuration  
IP Address Match  
1. 10.1.10.0  
IP Mask  
255.255.255.0  
2.  
3.  
4.  
5.  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes.  
Parameter  
Description  
IP Address Match  
IP address of a subnet that is allowed management access to the host  
switch. Up to five subnets can be specified.  
IP Mask  
The IP mask that identifies the subnet.  
2-8  
Management Guide  
HTTP Configuration  
Use the HTTP Configuration screen to enable/disable the on-board Web agent,  
and to specify the TCP port that will provide HTTP service. The screen shown  
below is described in the following table.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Network Configuration: HTTP Configuration  
HTTP Server  
:
:
ENABLED  
80  
HTTP Port Number  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move. <Space> to scroll options.  
Parameter  
Description  
HTTP Server  
Enables/disables the on-board Web agent.  
HTTP Port Number  
Specifies the TCP port that will provide HTTP service.  
(Range is 0~65535. Default is Port 80. Telnet Port 23 is prohibited.)  
2-9  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Configuring the Serial Port  
You can access the on-board configuration program by attaching a VT100  
compatible device to the switch's serial port. For more information on connecting  
to this port, refer to the section on Making the Connections Required for System  
Configuration on page 9. The communication parameters for this port are  
accessed from the Serial Port Configuration screen seen below and described in  
the following table.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Serial Port Configuration  
Management Mode  
Baudrate  
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
Console Mode  
19200  
8
Databits  
Stopbits  
1
Parity  
NONE  
10  
Time-Out (in minutes)  
Auto Refresh (in seconds)  
180  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move. <Space> to scroll options.  
Parameter  
Default  
Description  
Management Mode Console Mode Indicates if the console port settings are for direct console  
connection.  
Baud Rate  
19200  
The rate at which data is sent between devices. (Options:  
2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200 bps, and Auto  
detection).  
Note that when Auto is selected, you must first press the Enter  
key once to set the data rate and initialize the connection.  
Databits  
Stopbits  
Parity  
8 bits  
Sets the data bits of the RS-232 port. (Options: 7, 8)  
Sets the stop bits of the RS-232 port. (Options: 1, 2)  
Sets the parity of the RS-232 port. (Options: none/odd/even)  
1 bit  
none  
Time-Out  
0 minutes  
If no input is received from the attached device after this  
interval (in minutes), the current session is automatically  
closed. (Range: 0 -100 minutes; where 0 indicates disabled.)  
Auto Refresh  
0 sec.  
Sets the interval before a console session will auto refresh the  
console information, including Spanning Tree Information, Port  
Configuration, Port Statistics, and RMON Statistics.  
(Range: 0, or 5 - 255 seconds; where 0 indicates disabled.)  
2-10  
Management Guide  
Assigning SNMP Parameters  
Use the SNMP Configuration screen to display and modify parameters for the  
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). The switch includes an on-board  
SNMP agent which monitors the status of its hardware, as well as the traffic  
passing through its ports. A computer attached to the network, called a Network  
Management Station (NMS), can be used to access this information. Access  
rights to the on-board agent are controlled by community strings. To  
communicate with the switch, the NMS must first submit a valid community string  
for authentication. The options for configuring community strings and related trap  
functions are described in the following figures and table:  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
SNMP Configuration  
SNMP Administration  
:
:
:
ENABLED  
Send Authentication Fail Traps  
Send Link Up/Link Down Traps  
SNMP Communities ...  
ENABLED  
ENABLED  
IP Trap Managers ...  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move. <Space> to scroll options.  
Parameter  
Description  
SNMP Administration  
Enables/disables the SNMP function of the agent.  
Send Authentication  
Fail Traps  
Issue a trap message to specified IP trap managers whenever  
authentication of an SNMP request fails. (The default is disabled.)  
Send Link Up/Link Down Issue a trap message to specified IP trap managers whenever a link  
Traps  
changes its up/down state. (The default is enabled.)  
SNMP Communities  
IP Trap Managers  
Assigns SNMP access based on specified community strings.  
Specifies management stations that will receive authentication failure  
messages or other trap messages from the switch.  
2-11  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Configuring Community Names  
The following figure and table describe how to configure the community strings  
authorized for trap management access. All community strings used for IP Trap  
Managers must be listed in this table. Up to 5 community names may be entered.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
SNMP Configuration: SNMP Communities  
Community Name  
1. public  
Access  
Status  
READ ONLY  
READ/WRITE  
ENABLED  
ENABLED  
2. private  
3.  
4.  
5.  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move. other keys to make changes.  
Parameter  
Description  
Community Name  
A community entry authorized for trap management access. (The maximum  
string length is 20 characters).  
Access  
Status  
Management access is restricted to Read Only or Read/Write.  
Sets administrative status of entry to enabled or disabled.  
Note: This switch has default community strings of “public” with read only access and “private” with  
read/write access.  
Configuring IP Trap Managers  
The following figure and table describe how to specify management stations that  
will receive authentication failure messages or other trap messages from the  
switch. Note that all community strings used for IP Trap Managers must be listed  
in the SNMP Communities table. Up to 5 trap managers may be entered.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
SNMP Configuration: IP Trap Managers  
IP Address  
Community Name  
public  
Status  
1. 10.1.0.23  
DISABLED  
2.  
3.  
4.  
5.  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes.  
2-12  
Management Guide  
Parameter  
IP Address  
Community Name  
Status  
Description  
IP address of the trap manager.  
A community specified in the SNMP Communities table.  
Sets administrative status of entry to enabled or disabled.  
Console Login Configuration  
Use the Management Setup: Console Login Configuration to restrict management  
access based on specified user names and passwords, or to set the invalid  
password threshold and timeout. There are two user types, Administrator and  
Guest. Only the Administrator has write access for parameters governing the  
SNMP agent. You should therefore assign a user name and password to the  
Administrator as soon as possible, and store it in a safe place. (If for some  
reason your password is lost, or you can not gain access to the System  
Configuration Program, contact your Accton distributor for assistance.) The  
parameters shown on this screen are indicated in the following figure and table.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Console Login Configuration  
Password Threshold  
:
:
3
0
Lock-out Time (in seconds)  
User Type  
User Name  
Password  
---------------------------------------  
Admin  
Guest  
:
:
admin  
guest  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes.  
Parameter  
Default  
Description  
Password  
Threshold  
3
Sets the password intrusion threshold which limits the number  
of failed logon attempts.  
(Range: 0~65535)  
Lock-out Time  
0
The time (in seconds) the management console will be  
disabled due to an excessive number of failed logon attempts.  
(Range: 0~65535)  
Admin1  
Guest1  
name: admin  
password: null  
Administrator has access privilege of Read/Write for all  
screens.  
name: guest  
Guest has access privilege of Read Only for all screens.  
password: null  
1: Passwords can consist of up to 15 alphanumeric characters and are not case sensitive.  
2-13  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Downloading System Software  
Using TFTP Protocol to Download Over the Network  
Use the TFTP Download menu to load software updates into the switch. The  
download file should be an ES4508 binary file from Accton; otherwise the agent  
will not accept it. The success of the download operation depends on the  
accessibility of the TFTP server and the quality of the network connection. After  
downloading the new software, the agent will automatically restart itself.  
Parameters shown on this screen are indicated in the following figure and table.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
TFTP Download  
Download Server IP  
Download Filename  
Download Mode  
:
:
:
0.0.0.0  
es4508a.bix  
PERMANENT  
[Process TFTP Download]  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes.  
Parameter  
Description  
Download Server IP  
Download Filename  
Download Mode  
IP address of a TFTP server.  
The binary file to download to the SNMP agent.  
You can download to “Permanent” flash ROM or “Temporary” storage in  
RAM (for test purposes). Note that if you download to temporary memory,  
this firmware will be lost upon power off.  
Process TFTP Download Issues request to TFTP server to download the specified file.  
Note: You can also download firmware using the Web agent (see page 3-10) or a direct console  
connection (see page A-1).  
2-14  
Management Guide  
Configuring the Switch  
The Device Control menu is used to set the communication parameters for  
individual ports, and to fine-tune the performance of your switch by adjusting the  
forwarding mode, flow control, and specific Spanning Tree parameters.  
Configuration menus are also provided for advanced functions, such as Virtual  
LANs, and port mirroring. Each of the setup screens provided by the  
configuration menus is described in the following sections.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Device Control Menu  
Port Configuration ...  
Port Information ...  
Extended Bridge Configuration ...  
802.1P Configuration ...  
Spanning Tree Configuration ...  
Spanning Tree Information ...  
Mirror Port Configuration ...  
Port Trunking Configuration ...  
IGMP Configuration ...  
802.1Q VLAN Base Information ...  
802.1Q VLAN Current Table Information ...  
802.1Q VLAN Static Table Configuration ...  
802.1Q VLAN Port Configuration ...  
Port GARP Configuration ...  
Broadcast Storm Control ...  
Port GMRP Configuration ...  
<OK>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move. <Enter> to select.  
Parameter  
Description  
Port Configuration  
Port Information  
Sets communication parameters for ports.  
Displays current port settings and port status.  
Spanning Tree Configuration Configures the switch and its ports to participate in a Spanning Tree.  
Spanning Tree Information  
Mirror Port Configuration  
IGMP Configuration  
Displays the current Spanning Tree configuration for the switch.  
Sets the source and target ports for mirroring.  
Configures IGMP multicast filtering.  
Broadcast Storm Control  
Configures the threshold at which broadcast packets are discarded.  
Extended Bridge  
Configuration  
Displays/configures extended bridge capabilities provided by this switch,  
including support for traffic classes, and VLAN extensions.  
802.1P Configuration  
Configures default port priorities and queue assignments.  
802.1Q VLAN Base  
Information  
Displays basic VLAN information, such as VLAN version number and  
maximum VLANs supported.  
802.1Q VLAN Current  
Table Information  
Displays VLAN groups and port members.  
802.1Q VLAN Static Table  
Configuration  
Configures VLAN groups via static assignments, including setting port  
members.  
802.1Q VLAN Port  
Configuration  
Displays/configures port-specific VLAN settings, including PVID and  
ingress filtering.  
Note: This switch does not support trunking, GVRP or GMRP. Therefore, the Port Trunking, Port GARP,  
and Port GMRP configuration menus are not accessible from this screen.  
2-15  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Configuring Port Parameters  
Use the Port Configuration menus to configure any port on the switch.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Port Configuration: Port  
1
-
8
Port  
Type  
Admin  
Flow  
Control  
Speed and  
Duplex  
------------------------------------------------------  
1.  
2.  
3.  
4.  
5.  
6.  
7.  
8.  
1000SX  
1000SX  
1000SX  
1000SX  
1000SX  
1000SX  
1000SX  
1000SX  
ENABLED  
ENABLED  
ENABLED  
ENABLED  
ENABLED  
ENABLED  
ENABLED  
ENABLED  
ON  
OFF  
ON  
OFF  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
1000-FULL  
1000-FULL  
1000-FULL  
1000-FULL  
1000-FULL  
1000-FULL  
1000-FULL  
1000-FULL  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrows keys to move. <Space> to scroll options.  
Parameter  
Type  
Default  
Description  
Shows port type as 1000BASE-SX.  
Admin  
ENABLED  
Allows you to disable a port due to abnormal behavior (e.g.,  
excessive collisions), and then re-enable it after the problem  
has been resolved. You may also disable a port for security  
reasons.  
Flow Control  
ON  
Used to enable or disable flow control. Flow control can  
eliminate frame loss by “blocking” traffic from end stations or  
segments connected directly to the switch when its buffers fill.  
Back pressure is used for half duplex and IEEE 802.3x for full  
duplex. Note that flow control should not be used if a port is  
connected to a hub.  
Speed and Duplex  
1000-FULL  
Indicates the current port speed and duplex mode (1000-FULL  
or AUTO). Although ports on the switch can be set for auto-  
negotiation, operation is restricted to 1000 Mbps, full duplex.  
2-16  
Management Guide  
Viewing the Current Port Configuration  
The Port Information screen displays the port type, status, link state, and flow  
control in use. To change any of the port settings, use the configuration menu.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Port Information: Port  
1
-
8
Port Type Operational Link  
FlowControl Speed and  
InUse Duplex InUse  
-------------------------------------------------------------  
1. 1000SX  
2. 1000SX  
3. 1000SX  
4. 1000SX  
5. 1000SX  
6. 1000SX  
7. 1000SX  
8. 1000SX  
YES  
YES  
YES  
YES  
YES  
YES  
YES  
YES  
DOWN  
DOWN  
UP  
DOWN  
DOWN  
UP  
802.3x  
NONE  
802.3x  
NONE  
802.3x  
NONE  
NONE  
1000-FULL  
1000-FULL  
1000-FULL  
1000-FULL  
1000-FULL  
1000-FULL  
1000-FULL  
1000-FULL  
DOWN  
UP  
802.3x  
<OK>  
Use <TAB> or arrows keys to move. <Enter> to select.  
Parameter  
Type  
Description  
Shows port type as 1000BASE-SX.  
Shows if the port is functioning or not.  
Indicates if the port has a valid connection to an external device.  
Operational  
Link  
FlowControl InUse  
Shows the flow control type in use. Flow control can eliminate frame loss by  
“blocking” traffic from end stations connected directly to the switch. IEEE  
802.3x flow control is used for full duplex.  
Speed and DuplexInUse Displays the current port speed and duplex mode used.  
Using the Spanning Tree Algorithm  
The Spanning Tree Algorithm can be used to detect and disable network loops,  
and to provide backup links between switches, bridges or routers. This allows the  
switch to interact with other bridging devices (that is, STA-compliant switch,  
bridge or router) in your network to ensure that only one route exists between  
any two stations on the network. For a more detailed description of how to use  
this algorithm, refer to “Spanning Tree Algorithm” in Chapter 4.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Spanning Tree Configuration: Selection Menu  
STA Bridge Configuration ...  
STA Port Configuration ...  
<OK>  
Use <TAB> or arrows keys to move. <Enter> to select.  
2-17  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Configuring Bridge STA  
The following figure and table describe Bridge STA configuration.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Spanning Tree Configuration: Bridge STA Configuration  
Spanning Tree Protocol  
Hello Time  
:
:
:
:
:
ENABLED  
2
Max Age  
6
Priority  
32768  
4
Forward Delay  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, <Space> to scroll options.  
Parameter  
Default Description  
Spanning Tree Protocol Enabled Enable this parameter to participate in an STA-compliant network.  
Hello Time  
2
Time interval (in seconds) at which the root device transmits a  
configuration message.  
Minimum value: 1.  
Maximum value: lower of 10 or [(Max. Message Age / 2) -1].  
Max (Message) Age  
20  
The maximum time (in seconds) a device can wait without  
receiving a configuration message before attempting to  
reconfigure. All device ports (except for designated ports) should  
receive configuration messages at regular intervals. Any port that  
ages out STA information (provided in the last configuration  
message) becomes the designated port for the attached LAN.  
If it is a root port, a new root port is selected from among the  
device ports attached to the network.  
The minimum value is the higher of 6 or [2 x (Hello Time + 1)].  
The maximum value is the lower of 40 or [2 x (Forward Delay - 1)].  
Priority  
32,768  
Device priority is used in selecting the root device, root port, and  
designated port. The device with the highest priority becomes the  
STA root device. If all devices have the same priority, the device  
with the lowest MAC address will then become the root device.  
Enter a value from 0 - 65535.  
Remember that the lower the numeric value, the higher the priority.  
Forward Delay  
15  
The maximum time (in seconds) the root device will wait before  
changing states (i.e., listening to learning to forwarding). This  
delay is required because every device must receive information  
about topology changes before it starts to forward frames. In  
addition, each port needs time to listen for conflicting information  
that would make it return to a blocking state; otherwise, temporary  
data loops might result.  
The maximum value is 30.  
The minimum value is the higher of 4 or [(Max. Message Age / 2) + 1].  
2-18  
Management Guide  
Configuring STA for Ports  
The following figure and table describe STA configuration for ports.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Spanning Tree Port Configuration  
:
Port  
1
-
8
Port  
Type  
Priority  
Cost  
Fast STA Mode  
-----------------------------------------------------  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1000SX  
1000SX  
1000SX  
1000SX  
1000SX  
1000SX  
1000SX  
1000SX  
128  
128  
128  
128  
128  
128  
128  
128  
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes.  
Parameter  
Default  
Description  
Type  
Shows port type as 1000BASE-SX.  
Priority  
128  
Defines the priority for the use of a port in the STA algorithm. If  
the path cost for all ports on a switch are the same, the port with  
the highest priority (i.e., lowest value) will be configured as an  
active link in the spanning tree. Where more than one port is  
assigned the highest priority, the port with lowest numeric  
identifier will be enabled.  
The range is 0 - 255.  
(Path) Cost  
100/19/4  
This parameter is used by the STA algorithm to determine the  
best path between devices. Therefore, lower values should be  
assigned to ports attached to faster media, and higher values  
assigned to ports with slower media.  
The default and recommended range is:  
Standard Ethernet: 100 (50~600)  
Fast Ethernet: 19 (10~60)  
Gigabit Ethernet: 4 (3~10)  
The full range is 0 - 65535.  
Note: Path cost takes precedence over port priority.  
Fast STA Mode  
DISABLED This parameter is used to enable/disabled the Fast Spanning  
Tree mode. In this mode, ports skip the Blocked, Listening and  
Learning states and proceed straight to Forwarding.  
The Fast STA Mode enables end-node workstations and servers  
to overcome time-out problems when the Spanning Tree  
Algorithm is implemented in a network. Therefore, the Fast STA  
Mode should only be enabled for ports that are connected to an  
end-node device.  
2-19  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Viewing the Current Spanning Tree Configuration  
The Spanning Tree Information screen displays a summary of the STA  
information for the overall bridge or for a specific port. To make any changes to  
the parameters for the Spanning Tree, use the Spanning Tree Configuration  
menu. Also note that this screen cannot be accessed unless you have already  
enabled the Spanning Tree Algorithm via the STA Bridge Configuration menu.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Spanning Tree Information Selection Menu  
:
STA Bridge Information ...  
STA Port Information ...  
<OK>  
Use <TAB> or arrows keys to move. <Enter> to select.  
Displaying the Current Bridge STA  
The parameters shown in the following figure and table describe the current  
Bridge STA Information.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Spanning Tree Information Bridge STA Information  
:
Priority  
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
65535  
Hello Time (in seconds)  
Max Age (in seconds)  
Forward Delay (in seconds)  
Hold Time (in seconds)  
Designated Root  
Root Cost  
Root Port  
Reconfig Counts  
Topology Up Time  
2
6
5
2
0.0000e8123456  
10  
1
2
0
day,  
1
hr, 2min, 34 sec  
<OK>  
Use <Tab> or arrow keys to move, <Enter> to select.  
Parameter  
Description  
Priority  
Device priority is used in selecting the root device, root port, and  
designated port. The device with the highest priority becomes the STA root  
device. However, if all devices have the same priority, the device with the  
lowest MAC address will then become the root device.  
Hello Time  
Max Age  
The time interval (in seconds) at which the root device transmits a  
configuration message.  
The maximum time (in seconds) a device can wait without receiving a  
configuration message before attempting to reconfigure.  
Forward Delay  
The maximum time (in seconds) the root device will wait before changing  
states (i.e., listening to learning to forwarding).  
2-20  
Management Guide  
Parameter  
Description  
Hold Time  
The minimum interval between the transmission of consecutive  
Configuration BPDUs.  
Designated Root  
The priority and MAC address of the device in the spanning tree that this  
switch has accepted as the root device.  
Root Cost  
Root Port  
The path cost from the root port on this switch to the root device.  
The number of the port on this switch that is closest to the root. This switch  
communicates with the root device through this port. If there is no root port,  
then this switch has been accepted as the root device of the spanning tree  
network.  
Reconfig Counts  
Topology Up Time  
The number of times the spanning tree has been reconfigured.  
The time since the spanning tree was last reconfigured.  
Displaying the Current STA for Ports  
The parameters shown in the following figure and table are for port STA  
Information.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Spanning Tree Information  
Port  
Type  
Status  
Designated  
Cost  
Designated  
Bridge  
Designated  
Port  
---------------------------------------------------------------------  
1. 1000SX  
2. 1000SX  
3. 1000SX  
4. 1000SX  
5. 1000SX  
6. 1000SX  
7. 1000SX  
8. 1000SX  
forwarding  
forwarding  
forwarding  
forwarding  
listening  
learning  
32768  
32768  
32768  
32768  
32768  
32768  
32768  
32768  
128.0000e8123456  
128.0000e8123457  
128.0000e8123458  
128.0000e8123459  
128.0000e812345a  
128.0000e812345b  
128.0000e8123456  
128.0000e8123457  
3
1
1
5
6
3
3
3
forwarding  
forwarding  
<OK>  
Use <TAB> or arrows keys to move. <Enter> to select.  
2-21  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Parameter  
Type  
Description  
Shows port type as 1000SX (1000BASE-SX).  
Displays the current state of this port within the spanning tree:  
Status  
Disabled  
Blocked  
Port has been disabled by the user or has failed diagnostics.  
Port receives STA configuration messages, but does not  
forward packets.  
Listening  
Learning  
Port will leave blocking state due to topology change, starts  
transmitting configuration messages, but does not yet  
forward packets.  
Has transmitted configuration messages for an interval set by  
the Forward Delay parameter without receiving contradictory  
information. Port address table is cleared, and the port  
begins learning addresses.  
Forwarding The port forwards packets, and continues learning addresses.  
The rules defining port status are:  
A port on a network segment with no other STA compliant bridging  
device is always forwarding.  
If two ports of a switch are connected to the same segment and there is  
no other STA device attached to this segment, the port with the smaller  
ID forwards packets and the other is blocked.  
All ports are blocked when the switch is booted, then some of them  
change state to listening, to learning, and then to forwarding.  
Designated Cost  
The cost for a packet to travel from this port to the root in the current  
spanning tree configuration. The slower the media, the higher the cost.  
Designated Bridge (ID)  
Designated Port (ID)  
The priority and MAC address of the device through which this port must  
communicate to reach the root of the spanning tree.  
The port on the designated bridging device through which this switch must  
communicate with the root of the spanning tree.  
2-22  
Management Guide  
Using a Mirror Port for Analysis  
You can mirror traffic from any source port to a target port for real-time analysis.  
You can then attach a logic analyzer or RMON probe to the target port and study  
the traffic crossing the source port in a completely unobtrusive manner. When  
mirroring port traffic, note that the target port must be included in the same VLAN  
as the source port. (See Configuring Virtual LANs on page 2-41.)  
You can use the Mirror Port Configuration screen to designate a single port pair  
for mirroring as shown below:  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Mirror Port Configuration  
Analyzer Port  
Monitored Port  
:
:
Port  
Port  
0
0
Analyzer Port Status  
:
DISABLED  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes.  
Parameter  
Description  
Mirror Source Port  
Mirror Target Port  
The port whose traffic will be monitored.  
The port that will “duplicate” or “mirror” all the traffic happening on  
the monitored port.  
Status  
Enables or disables the mirror function.  
IGMP Multicast Filtering  
Multicasting is used to support real-time applications such as video conferencing  
or streaming audio. A multicast server does not have to establish a separate  
connection with each client. It merely broadcasts its service to the network, and  
any hosts which want to receive the multicast register with their local multicast  
switch/router. Although this approach reduces the network overhead required by  
a multicast server, the broadcast traffic must be carefully pruned at every  
multicast switch/router it passes through to ensure that traffic is only passed on  
the hosts which subscribed to this service.  
This switch uses IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) to query for any  
attached hosts who want to receive a specific multicast service. The switch looks  
up the IP Multicast Group used for this service and adds any port which received  
a similar request to that group. It then propagates the service request on to any  
neighboring multicast switch/router to ensure that it will continue to receive the  
multicast service. (For more information, see “IGMP Snooping and IP Multicast  
Filtering” in Chapter 4.)  
2-23  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Configuring IGMP  
This protocol allows a host to inform its local switch/router that it wants to receive  
transmissions addressed to a specific multicast group. You can use the IGMP  
Configuration screen to configure multicast filtering shown below:  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
IGMP Configuration  
:
IGMP Status  
ENABLED  
Act as IGMP Querier  
IGMP Query Count  
:
:
:
DISABLED  
5
5
IGMP Report Delay (Minutes)  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, <Space> to scroll options.  
Parameter  
Description  
IGMP Status  
If enabled, the switch will monitor network traffic to determine which  
hosts want to receive multicast traffic.  
Act as IGMP Querier  
If enabled, the switch can serve as the “querier,” which is responsible  
for asking hosts is they want to receive multicast traffic. (Not  
implemented in the current firmware release.)  
IGMP Query Count  
IGMP Report Delay  
The maximum number of queries issued for which there has been no  
response before the switch takes action to solicit reports.  
The time (in minutes) between receiving an IGMP Report for an IP  
multicast address on a port before the switch sends an IGMP Query  
out that port and removes the entry from its list.  
Note: The default values are indicated in the sample screen.  
2-24  
Management Guide  
Broadcast Storm Control  
Use the Broadcast Storm Control menu to enable/disable broadcast suppression  
on a per-port basis. You can also set the packet-per-second threshold above  
which broadcast packets will be discarded. The parameters are shown in the  
following figure and table.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Broadcast Storm Control  
:
Port  
1
-
8
Port  
Filtering  
Status  
Filtering  
Threshold  
-----------------------------------------  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
10240  
10240  
10240  
10240  
10240  
10240  
10240  
10240  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, <Space> to scroll options.  
Parameter  
Description  
Filtering Status  
Enables/disables Broadcast Storm Control for the port. When enabled,  
broadcast packets are discarded if the threshold rate is exceeded.  
Filtering Threshold  
The threshold rate above which broadcast packets are discarded. The  
default is 10240 packets per second. (Range is 1024 - 353,422 pps.)  
2-25  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Configuring Bridge MIB Extensions  
The Bridge MIB includes extensions for managed devices that support Traffic  
Classes, Multicast Filtering and Virtual LANs. To configure these extensions, use  
the Extended Bridge Configuration screen as shown below:  
Cheetahswitch Workgroup  
Extended Bridge Configuration  
Bridge Capability (Read Only)  
-
4508  
:
Extended Multicast Filtering Services  
Traffic Classes  
Static Entry Individual Port  
VLAN Learning  
Configurable PVID Tagging  
Local VLAN Capable  
:
:
:
:
:
:
NO  
YES  
YES  
IVL  
YES  
NO  
Bridge Settings  
:
Traffic Class  
GMRP  
:
:
:
FALSE  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
GVRP  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move. <Space> to scroll option.  
Parameter  
Description  
Bridge Capability  
Extended Multicast Filtering  
Services  
This switch does not support filtering of individual multicast  
addresses based on GMRP (GARP Multicast Registration Protocol).  
Traffic Classes  
This switch provides the mapping of user priorities to multiple traffic  
classes. (Refer to 802.1P Configuration.)  
Static Entry Individual Port  
This switch allows static filtering for unicast and multicast addresses.  
(Refer to Network Monitor Menu / Static Unicast Address Table  
Configuration and Static Multicast Address Table Configuration.)  
VLAN Learning  
This switch uses Independent VLAN Learning (IVL), whereby each  
port maintains its own VLAN filtering database.  
Configurable PVID Tagging  
This switch allows you to override the default PVID setting (Port  
VLAN ID used in frame tags) and its egress status (VLAN-Tagged or  
Untagged) on each port. (Refer to 802.1Q VLAN Port Configuration.)  
Local VLAN Capable  
This switch does not support multiple local bridges (that is, multiple  
Spanning Trees).  
Bridge Settings  
Traffic Class  
Multiple traffic classes are supported by this switch as indicated  
under Bridge Capabilities. However, the switch supports just two  
priority queues and only the default port priority can be configured.  
The switch does not support the configuration of traffic class  
mapping. Therefore, this parameter under Bridge Settings is set to  
False and cannot be enabled.  
Note: This switch does not support GVRP or GMRP. Therefore, the GVRP and GMRP parameters are  
always disabled.  
2-26  
Management Guide  
Configuring Traffic Classes  
IEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic classes. This switch supports  
Quality of Service (QoS) by using two priority queues, with weighted fair queuing  
for each port. You can use the 802.1P Configuration menu to configure the  
default priority for each port, or to display the mapping for the traffic classes as  
described in the following sections.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
802.1P Configuration Selection Menu  
:
802.1P Port Priority Configuration ...  
802.1P Port Traffic Class Information ...  
<OK>  
Use <TAB> or arrows keys to move. <Enter> to select.  
Port Priority Configuration  
The default priority for all ingress ports is zero. Therefore, any inbound frames  
that do not have priority tags will be placed in the low priority output queue.  
Default priority is only used to determine the output queue for the current port; no  
priority tag is actually added to the frame. You can use the 802.1P Port Priority  
Configuration menu to adjust default priority for any port as shown below:  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
802.1P Port Priority Configuration  
:
Port  
1
-
8
Port  
Default Ingress  
User Priority  
Number of Egress  
Traffic Class  
-----------------------------------------------  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes.  
Parameter  
Description  
Port  
Numeric identifier for switch port.  
Default Ingress User Priority  
Default priority can be set to any value from 0~7, where 0~3  
specifies the low priority queue and 4~7 specifies the high priority  
queue.  
Number of Egress Traffic Classes Indicates that this switch supports two priority output queues.  
2-27  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
802.1p Port Traffic Class Information  
This switch provides two priority levels with weighted fair queuing for port egress.  
This means that any frames with a default or user priority from 0~3 are sent to  
the low priority queue “0” while those from 4~7 are sent to the high priority queue  
“1” as shown in the following screen:  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
802.1P Port Traffic Class Information  
:
Port  
1
-
8
Port  
User Priority  
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
-----------------------------------------------------  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
<OK>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, <Enter> to select.  
Parameter  
Port  
Description  
Numeric identifier for switch port.  
User Priority  
Shows that user priorities 0~3 specify the low priority queue and 4~7  
specify the high priority queue.  
2-28  
Management Guide  
Configuring Virtual LANs  
You can use the VLAN configuration menu to assign any port on the switch to  
any of up to 16 LAN groups. In conventional networks with routers, broadcast  
traffic is split up into separate domains. Switches do not inherently support  
broadcast domains. This can lead to broadcast storms in large networks that  
handle traffic such as IPX or NetBeui. By using IEEE 802.1Q compliant VLANs,  
you can organize any group of network nodes into separate broadcast domains,  
confining broadcast traffic to the originating group. This also provides a more  
secure and cleaner network environment. For more information on how to use  
VLANs, see “Virtual LANs” in Chapter 4. The VLAN configuration screens are  
described in the following sections.  
802.1Q VLAN Base Information  
The 802.1Q VLAN Base Information screen displays basic information on the  
VLAN type supported by this switch.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
802.1Q VLAN Base Information  
VLAN Version Number  
:
:
:
:
1
MAX VLAN ID  
2048  
16  
1
MAX Supported VLANs  
Current Number of 802.1Q VLANs Configured  
<OK>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, <Enter> to select.  
Parameter  
Description  
VLAN Version Number  
The VLAN version used by this switch as specified in the IEEE  
802.1Q standard.  
MAX VLAN ID  
Maximum VLAN ID recognized by this switch.  
MAX Supported VLANs  
Maximum number of VLANs that can be configured on this switch.  
The number of VLANs currently configured on this switch.  
Current Number of VLANs  
Configured  
2-29  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
802.1Q VLAN Current Table Information  
This screen shows the current port members of each VLAN and whether or not  
the port supports VLAN tagging. Ports assigned to a large VLAN group that  
crosses several switches should use VLAN tagging. However, if you just want to  
create a small port-based VLAN for one or two switches, you can assign ports to  
the same untagged VLAN. The current configuration is shown in the following  
screen.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
802.1Q VLAN Current Table Information  
Deleted VLAN Entry Counts  
Creation Time  
:
0
VID  
Status  
-------------------------------------------------------  
(0 day hr min sec) Permanent  
1
0
0
0
0
Current Egress Ports  
00000000  
Current Untagged Ports  
11111111  
Sorted by VID  
:
1
[Show] [More]  
<OK>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move. <Enter> to select.  
Parameter  
Description  
Deleted VLAN Entry Counts  
The number of times a VLAN entry has been deleted from this table.  
The ID for the VLAN currently displayed.  
VID  
Creation Time  
The value of sysUpTime (System Up Time) when this VLAN was  
created.  
Status  
Shows that this VLAN was added to the switch as a static entry.  
Current Egress Ports  
Shows the ports which have been added to the displayed VLAN  
group, where “1” indicates that a port is a member and “0” that it is  
not.  
Current Untagged Ports  
If a port has been added to the displayed VLAN (see Current Egress  
Ports), its entry in this field will be “1” if the port is untagged or “0” if  
tagged.  
Sorted by VID  
[Show]  
The VID number where the table display starts.  
Displays the members for the VLAN indicated by the “Sorted by VID”  
field.  
[More]  
Displays any subsequent VLANs if configured.  
2-30  
Management Guide  
802.1Q VLAN Static Table Configuration  
Use this screen to create a new VLAN or modify the settings for an existing  
VLAN. Note that all ports can only belong to one untagged VLAN. This is set to  
VLAN 1 by default, but can be changed via the 802.1Q VLAN Port Configuration  
screen.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
1Q VLAN Static Table Configuration  
VID  
VLAN Name  
Status  
------------------------------  
Egress Ports  
Forbidden Egress Ports  
VID  
:
0
[Show]  
[More]  
[New]  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes.  
Parameter  
Description  
VID  
The ID for the VLAN currently displayed.  
Range: 1-2048  
VLAN Name  
Status  
A user-specified symbolic name for this VLAN.  
String length: Up to 8 alphanumeric characters  
Sets the current editing status for this VLAN as:  
Not in Service, Destroy, or Active.  
Unit  
Stack unit.  
Egress Ports  
Set the entry for any port in this field to “1” to add it to the displayed  
VLAN, or “0” to remove it from the VLAN.  
Forbidden Egress Ports  
Prevents a port from being automatically added to this VLAN via  
GVRP. Note that GVRP is not supported by this switch.  
[Show]  
[More]  
[New]  
Displays settings for the specified VLAN.  
Displays consecutively numbered VLANs.  
Sets up the screen for configuring a new VLAN.  
2-31  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
For example, the following screen displays settings for VLAN 2, which includes  
tagged ports 1-6, and forbidden port 8.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
1Q VLAN Static Table Configuration  
VID  
VLAN Name  
Row Status  
------------------------------  
2
RD  
Active  
Egress Ports  
11111100  
Forbidden Egress Ports  
00000001  
VID  
:
2
[Show]  
[More]  
[New]  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes.  
802.1Q VLAN Port Configuration  
Use this screen to configure port-specific settings for IEEE 802.1Q VLAN  
features.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
802.1Q VLAN Port Configuration  
:
Port  
1
-
8
Port PVID  
Acceptable  
Frame Type  
Ingress  
GVRP  
GVRP Failed  
GVRP Last  
PDU Origin  
Filtering Status Registrations  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
All  
All  
All  
All  
All  
All  
All  
All  
FALSE  
FALSE  
FALSE  
FALSE  
FALSE  
FALSE  
FALSE  
FALSE  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
DISABLED  
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
00-00-00-00-00-00  
00-00-00-00-00-00  
00-00-00-00-00-00  
00-00-00-00-00-00  
00-00-00-00-00-00  
00-00-00-00-00-00  
00-00-00-00-00-00  
00-00-00-00-00-00  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes.  
Parameter  
Description  
PVID  
The VLAN ID assigned to untagged frames received on this port. Use the  
PVID to assign ports to the same untagged VLAN.  
Acceptable Frame  
Type  
This switch accepts “All” frame types, including  
VLAN tagged or VLAN untagged frames. Note that all VLAN untagged  
frames received on this port are assigned to the PVID for this port.  
Ingress Filtering  
If set to “True,” incoming frames for VLANs which do not include this port in  
their member set will be discarded at the inbound port.  
Note: This switch does not support GVRP. Therefore, the GVRP Status parameter is set to disabled  
and cannot be enabled. The other GVRP parameters will always display zeros.  
2-32  
Management Guide  
Monitoring the Switch  
The Network Monitor Menu provides access to port statistics, RMON statistics,  
IP multicast addresses, and the static (unicast) address table. Each of the  
screens provided by these menus is described in the following sections.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Network Monitor Menu  
Port Statistics ...  
RMON Statistics ...  
Unicast Address Table ...  
Multicast Address Registration Table ...  
IP Multicast Registration Table ...  
Static Unicast Address Table Configuration ...  
Static Multicast Address Table Configuration...  
<OK>  
Use <TAB> or arrows keys to move. <Enter> to select.  
Menu  
Description  
Port Statistics  
Displays statistics on network traffic passing through the selected  
port.  
RMON Statistics  
Displays detailed statistical information for the selected port such as  
packet type and frame size counters.  
Unicast Address Table  
Provides full listing of all unicast addresses stored in the switch, as  
well as sort, search and clear functions.  
Multicast Address Registration  
Table  
Displays the ports that belong to each GMRP Multicast group.  
(Not implemented for this switch.)  
IP Multicast Registration Table  
Displays the ports that belong to each IP Multicast group.  
Allows you to display or configure static unicast addresses.  
Static Unicast Address Table  
Configuration  
Static Multicast Address Table  
Configuration  
Allows you to display or configure static GMRP multicast addresses.  
(Not implemented for this switch.)  
Note: This switch does not support GMRP. Therefore, both the Multicast Address Registration Table  
and the Static Multicast Address Table Configuration items are not accessible.  
2-33  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Displaying Port Statistics  
Port Statistics display key statistics from the Ethernet-like MIB for each port.  
Error statistics on the traffic passing through each port are displayed. This  
information can be used to identify potential problems with the switch (such as a  
faulty port or unusually heavy loading). The values displayed have been  
accumulated since the last system reboot.  
The statistics displayed are indicated in the following figure and table.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Port Statistics Port  
:
1
EtherLike Counter:  
Alignment Errors  
FCS Errors  
:0  
:0  
Late Collisions  
Excessive Collisions  
:0  
:0  
Single Collision Frames :0  
Multiple Collision Frames:0  
Internal MAC Transmit Errors:0  
Carrier Sense Errors  
Frames Too Long  
:0  
:0  
SQE Test Errors  
:0  
:0  
Deffered Transmissions  
Internal MAC Receive Errors :0  
[Refresh Counters]  
[Reset Counters]  
<OK>  
<PREV PAGE>  
<NEXT PAGE>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move. <Enter> to select.  
Parameter  
Description  
Alignment Errors  
For 10 Mbps ports, this counter records alignment errors (mis-  
synchronized data packets). For 100 Mbps ports, this counter  
records the sum of alignment errors and code errors (frames  
received with rxerror signal).  
FCS Errors  
The number of frames received that are an integral number of octets  
in length but do not pass the FCS check.  
Single Collision Frames1  
Multiple Collision Frames1  
SQE Test Errors1  
The number of successfully transmitted frames for which  
transmission is inhibited by exactly one collision.  
A count of successfully transmitted frames for which transmission is  
inhibited by more that one collision.  
A count of times that the SQE TEST ERROR message is generated  
by the PLS sublayer.  
Deferred Transmissions1  
Late Collisions  
A count of frames for which the first transmission attempt on a  
particular interface is delayed because the medium was busy.  
The number of times that a collision is detected later than 512 bit-  
times into the transmission of a packet.  
Excessive Collisions1  
Internal Mac Transmit Errors1  
The number of frames for which transmission failed due to excessive  
collisions.  
The number of frames for which transmission failed due to an  
internal MAC sublayer transmit error.  
2-34  
Management Guide  
Parameter  
Description  
Carrier Sense Errors1  
The number of times that the carrier sense condition was lost or  
never asserted when attempting to transmit a frame.  
Frames Too Long  
The number of frames received that exceed the maximum permitted  
frame size.  
Internal Mac Receive Errors1  
The number of frames for which reception failed due to an internal  
MAC sublayer receive error.  
1: The reported values will always be zero because these statistics are not supported by the internal  
chip set.  
Displaying RMON Statistics  
Use the RMON Statistics screen to display RMON Group 1 statistics for each  
port. (RMON groups 2, 3 and 9 can only be accessed using SNMP management  
software such as AccView.) The following screen displays overall statistics on  
traffic passing through each port. RMON statistics provides access to a broad  
range of statistics, including a total count of different frame types passing  
through each port. Values displayed have been accumulated since the last  
system reboot.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
RMON Statistics Port  
Jabbers  
-
4508  
:
1
Drop Events  
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Received Bytes  
Received Frames  
Broadcast Frames  
Multicast Frames  
CRC/Alignment Errors  
Undersize Frames  
Oversize Frames  
Fragments  
Collisions  
64 Byte Frames  
65-127 Byte Frames  
128-255 Byte Frames  
256-511 Byte Frames  
512-1023 Byte Frames  
1024-1518 Byte Frames  
[Refresh Statistics]  
[Reset Counters]  
<NEXT PAGE>  
<OK> <PREV PAGE>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move. <Enter> to select  
Parameter  
Description  
Drop Events  
The total number of events in which packets were dropped due to lack of  
resources.  
Receive Bytes  
Total number of data bytes received on the network. This statistic can be  
used as a reasonable indication of Ethernet utilization.  
Received Frames  
Broadcast Frames  
The total number of frames (bad, broadcast and multicast) received.  
The total number of good frames received that were directed to the  
broadcast address. Note that this does not include multicast packets.  
Multicast Frames  
The total number of good frames received that were directed to this  
multicast address.  
CRC/Alignment Errors  
For 1000Mbps ports, the counter records the sum of CRC/alignment errors  
and code errors (frame received with rxerror signal).  
2-35  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Parameter  
Description  
Undersize Frames  
The total number of frames received that were less than 64 octets long  
(excluding framing bits, but including FCS octets) and were otherwise well  
formed.  
Oversize Frames  
Fragments  
The total number of frames received that were longer than 1518 octets  
(excluding framing bits, but including FCS octets) and were otherwise well  
formed.  
The total number of frames received that were less than 64 octets in length  
(excluding framing bits, but including FCS octets) and had either an FCS or  
alignment error.  
Jabbers  
The total number of frames received that were longer than 1518 octets  
(excluding framing bits, but including FCS octets), and had either an FCS  
or alignment error.  
Collisions  
The best estimate of the total number of collisions on this Ethernet  
segment.  
64 Byte Frames  
The total number of frames (including bad packets) received and  
transmitted that were 64 octets in length (excluding framing bits but  
including FCS octets).  
65-127 Byte Frames  
128-255 Byte Frames  
256-511 Byte Frames  
512-1023 Byte Frames  
1024-1518 Byte Frames  
The total number of frames (including bad packets) received and  
transmitted that were between 65 and 127 octets in length inclusive  
(excluding framing bits but including FCS octets).  
The total number of packets (including bad packets) received and  
transmitted that were between 128 and 255 octets in length inclusive  
(excluding framing bits but including FCS octets).  
The total number of packets (including bad packets) received and  
transmitted that were between 256 and 511 octets in length inclusive  
(excluding framing bits but including FCS octets).  
The total number of packets (including bad packets) received and  
transmitted that were between 512 and 1023 octets in length inclusive  
(excluding framing bits but including FCS octets).  
The total number of packets (including bad packets) received and  
transmitted that were between 1024 and 1518 octets in length inclusive  
(excluding framing bits but including FCS octets).  
2-36  
Management Guide  
Using the Address Table  
The Address Table contains the MAC addresses and VLAN identifiier associated  
with each port (that is, the source port associated with the address and VLAN).  
The address table provides search options for a specific port, address or VLAN  
identifier. You can also clear the entire address table, or information associated  
with a specific port, address, or VLAN identifier; or set the aging time for deleting  
inactive entries. The information displayed in the Address Table is indicated in  
the following figure and table.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Unicast Address Table  
Aging Time  
MAC  
:
300  
Dynamic Count  
:
221  
MAC  
Static Count  
:
0
VID Port Status  
VID Port Status  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
00-00-24-B3-28-83  
00-00-E2-12-F9-F8  
00-00-E2-16-C5-82  
00-00-E2-20-C3-D5  
00-00-E2-21-74-D0  
00-00-E8-00-00-02  
00-00-E8-00-00-18  
00-00-E8-00-00-1A  
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
00-00-E8-00-00-96  
00-00-E8-00-01-01  
00-00-E8-02-A0-E6  
00-00-E8-07-12-5E  
00-00-E8-10-00-AB  
00-00-E8-11-11-33  
00-00-E8-12-00-69  
00-00-E8-12-24-60  
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Sorted by  
VLAN ID  
MAC  
:
:
:
MAC  
1
+
VID  
Cleared by  
VLAN ID  
MAC  
:
:
:
MAC  
1
+
VID  
00-00-00-00-00-00  
[More]  
00-00-00-00-00-00  
[Clear ALL]  
[Show]  
[Clear]  
<APPLY>  
<OK>  
<CANCEL>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes.  
Parameter  
Description  
Aging Time  
Time-out period in seconds for aging out dynamically learned forwarding  
information.  
Range: 10 - 458 seconds  
Default: 300 seconds  
Dynamic Count  
Static Count  
MAC  
The number of dynamically learned addresses in the table.  
The number of static addresses in the table.  
The MAC address of a node.  
VID  
The VLAN(s) associated with this address or port.  
The port whose address table includes this MAC address.  
Indicates address status as:  
Port  
Status  
D: Dynamically learned, or  
P: Fixed permanently by SNMP network management software.  
[Show]  
Displays the address table based on specified VLAN ID, and sorted by primary key  
MAC or VID.  
[More]  
Scrolls through the entries in the address table.  
Clears the specified MAC address.  
[Clear]  
[Clear All]  
Clears all MAC addresses in the table.  
2-37  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Displaying the IP Multicast Registration Table  
Use the IP Multicast Registration Table to display all the multicast groups active  
on this switch, including multicast IP addresses and the corresponding VLAN ID.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
IP Multicast Registration Table  
VID  
Multicast IP  
Dynamic Port Lists  
Learned by  
---------------------------------------------------------------  
1
5
225.1.1.1  
225.1.1.2  
10010110  
11001001  
Sorted by  
VID  
Multicast IP  
[Show]  
:
:
:
VID  
1
+
Multicast IP  
[More]  
<OK>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, <Enter> to select.  
Parameter  
VID  
Description  
VLAN ID assigned to this multicast group.  
IP address for specific multicast services.  
The switch ports registered for the indicated multicast service.  
Indicates the manner in which this address was learned:  
Dynamic or IGMP  
Multicast IP  
Dynamic Port Lists  
Learned by  
[Show]  
[More]  
Displays the address table sorted on VID and then Multicast IP.  
Scrolls through the entries in the address table.  
2-38  
Management Guide  
Configuring Static Unicast Addresses  
Use the Static Unicast Address Table Configuration screen to manually configure  
host MAC addresses in the unicast table. You can use this screen to associate a  
MAC address with a specific VLAN ID and switch port as shown below.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
Static Unicast Addreeess Table Configuration  
VID  
MAC Address  
Port  
Status  
------------------------------------------------------------  
1
00-00-00-E8-43-12  
1
Permanent  
Sorted by  
:
VID  
+
MAC  
VID  
Port  
Status  
:
:
1
1
:
MAC  
:
00-00-00-00-00-00  
VID  
MAC  
:
:
1
00-00-00-00-00-00  
[More]  
Permanent  
[Show]  
[Set]  
<OK>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, <Enter> to select.  
Parameter  
VID  
Description  
The VLAN group this port is assigned to.  
The MAC address of a host device attached to this switch.  
The port the host device is attached to.  
The status for an entry can be set to:  
MAC Address  
Port  
Status  
Permanent: This entry is currently in use and will remain so after the  
next reset of the switch.  
DeleteOnReset: This entry is currently in use and will remain so until  
the next reset.  
Invalid: Removes the corresponding entry.  
DeleteOnTimeOut: This entry is currently in use and will remain so  
until it is aged out. (Refer to Address Table Aging Time.)  
Other: This entry is currently in use but the conditions under which it  
will remain so differ from the preceding values.  
[Show]  
Displays the static address table sorted on VID as the primary key  
and MAC address as secondary key.  
[More]  
[Set]  
Scrolls through entries in the static address table.  
Adds the specified entry to the static address table, such as shown in  
the following example:  
VID : 1  
Port : 1  
MAC : 00-00-00-e8-34-22  
Status : Permanent  
2-39  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Resetting the System  
Use the System Restart Menu under the Main Menu to reset the management  
agent. The reset screen also includes an option to return all configuration  
parameters to their factory defaults.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup  
-
4508  
System Restart Menu  
Restart Option  
POST  
:
:
:
:
:
NO  
NO  
NO  
NO  
Reload Factory Defaults  
Keep IP Setting  
Keep User Authentication  
[Restart]  
<OK>  
Use <TAB> or arrow keys to move, <Space> to scroll options.  
Parameter  
Description  
POST  
Runs the Power-On Self-Test.  
Reload Factory Defaults  
Keep IP Setting  
Reloads the factory defaults.  
Retains the settings defined in the IP Configuration menu.  
Keep User Authentication Retains the user names and passwords defined in the Console Login  
Configuration menu.  
[Restart]  
Restarts the switch.  
Logging Off the System  
Use the Exit command under the Main Menu to exit the configuration program  
and terminate communications with the switch for the current session.  
2-40  
Chapter 3: Using the Web Agent  
As well as the menu-driven system configuration program, the CheetahSwitch  
Workgroup-4508 provides an embedded HTTP Web agent. This agent can be  
accessed by any computer on the network using a standard Web browser (Internet  
Explorer 4.0 or above, or Netscape Navigator 4.0 or above).  
Using the Web browser management interface you can configure the switch and  
view statistics to monitor network activity. The Web interface also provides access  
to a range of SNMP management functions with its MIB and RMON browser  
utilities.  
Prior to accessing the switch from a Web browser, be sure you have first  
performed the following tasks:  
1. Configure it with a valid IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway using an  
out-of-band serial connection or BOOTP protocol.  
2. Set the Administrator user name and password using an out-of-band serial  
connection. Access to the Web agent is controlled by the same Administrator  
user name and password as the on-board configuration program.  
Navigating the Web Browser Interface  
To access the Web-browser interface you must first enter a user name and  
password. The default user name is “admin” with a null password. The  
administrator has read/write access to all configuration parameters and statistics.  
Note: Based on the default configuration, a user is allowed three attempts to enter the  
correct password; on the third failed attempt the current connection is  
terminated. (See Console Login Configuration in Chapter 2.)  
1
3-1  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Home Page  
When your Web browser connects with the switch’s Web agent, the home page is  
displayed as shown below. The home page displays the Main Menu on the left-  
hand side of the screen and the System Information on the right-hand side. The  
Main Menu links are used to navigate to other menus and display configuration  
parameters and statistical data.  
Configurable parameters have a dialog box or a drop-down list. Once a  
configuration change has been made on a page, be sure to click on the “Apply”  
button at the bottom of the page to confirm the new setting. Alternatively, you can  
click on “Revert” to clear any changes prior to pressing “Apply.”  
Note: To ensure proper screen refresh after a command entry, be sure that Internet  
Explorer 5.0 is configured as follows: Under the menu “Tools / Internet Options /  
General / Temporary Internet Files / Settings,” the setting for item “Check for  
newer versions of stored pages” should be “Every visit to the page.”  
3-2  
Management Guide  
Panel Display  
The Web Agent displays an image of the switch’s ports, showing port link and  
activity. Clicking on the image of a port displays statistics and configuration  
information for the port. Clicking on the image of the serial port (labelled “Mgmt”)  
displays the Console Configuration screen.  
Console Configuration  
Click on the serial port icon in the switch image to display and configure the out-of-  
band serial port connection, as shown in the following figure and table.  
Parameter  
Default  
Description  
Baudrate  
19200  
The rate at which data is sent between devices. (Options: 2400,  
4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200 bps, and Auto  
detection).  
Note that when AUTO is selected, you need to first press the  
Enter key once to set the data rate and initialize the connection.  
Time Out  
0 minutes  
If no input is received from the attached device after this interval  
(in minutes), the current session is automatically closed. (Range:  
0 -100 minutes; where 0 indicates disabled.)  
Databits  
Stopbits  
Parity  
8 bits  
1 bit  
Sets the data bits of the RS-232 port. (Options: 7, 8)  
Sets the stop bits of the RS-232 port. (Options: 1, 2)  
Sets the parity of the RS-232 port. (Options: none/odd/even)  
none  
0 sec.  
Auto Refresh  
Sets the interval before a console session will auto refresh the  
console information, including Spanning Tree Information, Port  
Configuration, Port Statistics, and RMON Statistics.  
(Range: 0, or 5 - 255 seconds; where 0 indicates disabled.)  
3-3  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Main Menu  
Using the on-board Web agent, you can define system parameters, manage and  
control the switch and all its ports, or monitor network conditions. The figure to the  
right of the Main Menu and the following table briefly describe the selections  
available from this program.  
Item  
Description  
System  
Switch  
IP  
Provides basic system description, including contact information.  
Shows hardware/firmware version numbers and power status.  
Includes boot state, IP address, and Telnet session count.  
Configures communities and trap managers; and activates traps.  
Sets password for system access..  
SNMP  
Security  
Upgrade  
Address  
STA  
Downloads new version of firmware to update your system.  
Provides full address listing, sorted by address or port.  
Enables Spanning Tree Algorithm; also sets parameters for switch priority,  
hello time, maximum message age, and forward delay; as well as port  
priority and path cost.  
Port  
Enables any port and enables/disables flow control.  
VLAN  
Assigns switch ports to form up to 16 independent LAN groups.  
Sets analysis and monitored port.  
Analyzer  
Statistics  
Broadcast  
Displays statistics on network traffic passing through the selected port.  
Enables/disables broadcast suppression on a per-port basis. Also sets the  
Storm Control broadcast-rate threshold above which broadcast packets are discarded.  
Apply  
Revert  
Help  
Implement the changes made to the current configuration menu.  
Cancel changes made to current configuration menu (prior to pressing Apply).  
Help on using the Web management interface.  
3-4  
Management Guide  
System Information  
Use the System Information screen to display descriptive information about the  
switch, or for quick system identification as shown in the following figure and table.  
Parameter  
Description  
System Name1  
IP Address2  
Name assigned to the switch system.  
IP address of the SNMP agent. The management agent supports SNMP over  
UDP/IP transport protocol. In this environment, all systems on the Internet, such as  
network interconnection devices and any PC accessing the agent module (or  
running AccView) are assigned an IP address. Valid IP addresses consist of four  
numbers, of 0 to 255, and separated by periods. Anything outside of this format  
will not be accepted by the configuration program.  
System Object ID  
Location1  
Contact1  
MIB II object identifier for switch’s network management subsystem  
Specifies the area or location where the system resides.  
Contact person for the system.  
System Uptime  
Length of time the current management agent has been running.  
1: Maximum string length is 255, but the screen only displays 45 characters. You can use the arrow keys to  
browse the whole string.  
2: The default value is null.  
3-5  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Switch Information  
Use the Switch Information screen to display hardware/firmware version numbers  
for the main board and SNMP agent, as well as the power status.  
Main Board  
Parameter  
Description  
Hardware Version  
POST Version  
Hardware version of the main board.  
System POST version.  
Firmware Version  
Version number of the system firmware in ROM.  
Number of ports.  
Port Number  
Serial Number1  
Internal Power Status1  
Serial number of the main board.  
Power status for the switch.  
Redundant Power Status1 Redundant power status for the switch.  
1: These parameters are not implemented in the current hardware version.  
3-6  
Management Guide  
Network Configuration  
Use the IP Configuration screen to set the bootup option, configure the Ethernet IP  
addresses for the agent module, or set the number or concurrent Telnet sessions  
allowed. The Access Host screen can be used to limit access to the Web  
management agent to specified subnet groups.  
IP Configuration  
Use the IP Configuration screen to set the bootup option, configure the Ethernet IP  
addresses for the agent module, or set the number or concurrent Telnet sessions  
allowed. The screen shown below is described in the following table.  
Parameter  
Description  
IP State  
Specifies whether IP functionality is enabled via manual configuration, or set by  
Boot Protocol (BOOTP). Options include:  
USER-CONFIG - IP functionality is enabled based on the default or user specified  
IP Configuration. (This is the default setting.)  
BOOTP Get IP - IP is enabled but will not function until a BOOTP reply has been  
received. BOOTP requests will be periodically broadcast by the switch in an effort  
to learn its IP address. (BOOTP values include the IP address, default gateway,  
subnet mask, TFTP boot file name, and TFTP server IP.)  
IP Address1  
IP address of the SNMP agent. The management agent supports SNMP over  
UDP/IP transport protocol. In this environment, all systems on the Internet, such  
as network interconnection devices and any PC accessing the agent (or running  
AccView) are assigned an IP address. Valid IP addresses consist of four numbers,  
of 0 to 255, and separated by periods. Anything outside of this format will not be  
accepted by the configuration program.  
Subnet Mask1  
Gateway IP1  
Subnet mask of the SNMP agent. This mask identifies the host address bits used  
for routing to specific subnets.  
Gateway used to pass trap messages from the switch’s agent to the management  
station. Note that the gateway must be defined if the management station is  
located in a different IP segment.  
Telnet Session Number Sets the number of concurrent Telnet sessions allowed to access the management  
agent. The default is four sessions.  
1: The default value is null.  
3-7  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Access Host  
Use the Access Host screen to specify subnet groups from which the switch’s  
management agent can be accessed. The screen shown below is described in the  
following table.  
Parameter  
Description  
Access IP Net  
Access IP Mask  
Add/Remove  
An IP address of a subnet authorized for management access.  
A subnet mask that identifies the host address bits of the subnet.  
Add/remove strings from the active list.  
SNMP Configuration  
Use the SNMP Configuration screen to display and modify parameters for the  
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). The switch includes an on-board  
SNMP agent which monitors the status of its hardware, as well as the traffic  
passing through its ports. A computer attached to the network, called a Network  
Management Station (NMS), can be used to access this information. Access rights  
to the on-board agent are controlled by community strings. To communicate with  
the switch, the NMS must first submit a valid community string for authentication.  
The options for configuring community strings and related trap functions are  
described in the following sections.  
SNMP Administration Enable  
Access to the management agent from SNMP-based network management  
software can be enabled/disabled from this screen.  
Clearing the checkbox disables the SNMP protocol in the agent so that the switch  
can only be managed through the Web-based interface or a direct connection to  
the serial port. Note that even when SNMP Administration is disabled, the agent  
will continue to issue SNMP trap messages.  
3-8  
Management Guide  
SNMP Community  
The following figure and table describe how to configure the community strings  
authorized for trap management access. All community strings used for IP Trap  
Managers must be listed in this table. Up to 5 community names may be entered.  
Parameter  
Description  
Community String  
A community entry authorized for trap management access. (The maximum  
string length is 20 characters).  
Access Mode  
Add/Remove  
Management access is restricted to Read Only or Read/Write.  
Add/remove strings from the active list.  
Trap Managers  
The following figure and table describe how to specify management stations that  
will receive authentication failure messages or other trap messages from the  
switch. Note that all community strings used for IP Trap Managers must be listed  
in the SNMP Communities table. Up to 5 trap managers may be entered.  
Parameter  
Description  
Trap Manager IP Address  
IP address of the trap manager.  
Trap Manager Community String A community specified in the SNMP Communities table.  
Add/Remove  
Add/remove strings from the active list.  
Enable Authentication Traps  
Issues a trap message to specified IP trap managers whenever  
authentication of an SNMP request fails. (The default is enabled.)  
3-9  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Security Configuration  
Use the Security Configuration screen to restrict management access based on  
Administrator user name and password. Only the Administrator has write access  
for parameters governing the SNMP agent. You should therefore assign a  
password to the Administrator as soon as possible, and store it in a safe place. (If  
for some reason your password is lost, or you can not gain access to the system’s  
configuration program, contact your Accton distributor for assistance.) The  
parameters shown on this screen are indicated in the following figure and table.  
Change Password  
Parameter  
Description  
Old Password  
Current Administrator password for read/write access (Default password is null).  
Enter a new password for the Administrator.  
New Password  
Confirm Password  
Re-enter the new password for the Administrator.  
Note: Passwords can consist of up to 15 alphanumeric characters and are not case sensitive.  
Firmware Upgrade Options  
Web Upload Management  
Use the Web Upload Management menu to load software updates into the switch.  
The upload file should be an ES4508 binary file from Accton; otherwise the agent  
will not accept it. The success of the upload operation depends on the quality of  
the network connection. After downloading the new software, the agent will  
automatically restart itself. Parameters shown on this screen are indicated in the  
following figure and table.  
Parameter  
Description  
Upload Mode  
You can upload to permanent flash ROM or temporary storage in  
RAM (for test purposes). Note that if you download to temporary  
memory, this firmware will be lost upon power off.  
3-10  
Management Guide  
Parameter  
Description  
File Name  
The ES4508 binary file to download. Use the Browse button to locate  
the firmware file.  
Start Web Upload  
Issues request to TFTP server to download the specified file.  
TFTP Download Management  
Use the TFTP Download Management menu to load software updates into the  
switch. The download file should be an ES4508 binary file from Accton; otherwise  
the agent will not accept it. The success of the download operation depends on the  
accessibility of the TFTP server and the quality of the network connection. After  
downloading the new software, the agent will automatically restart itself.  
Parameters shown on this screen are indicated in the following figure and table.  
Parameter  
Description  
Download Mode  
You can download to permanent flash ROM or temporary storage in  
RAM (for test purposes). Note that if you download to temporary  
memory, this firmware will be lost upon power off.  
Server IP Address  
File Name  
IP address of a TFTP server.  
The ES4508 binary file to download.  
Start TFTP Download  
Issues request to TFTP server to download the specified file.  
3-11  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
AddressTable Configuration  
The Address Table contains the MAC addresses associated with each port (that is,  
the source port associated with the address). The address table provides search  
options for a specific port or address. You can also clear the entire address table,  
or information associated with a specific port or address; or set the aging time for  
deleting inactive entries. The information displayed in the Address Table is  
indicated in the following figure and table.  
Parameter  
Description  
Aging Time  
Time-out period in seconds for aging out dynamically learned forwarding  
information. Range: 0 or 10 - 458 secs; 0=disable, default: 300 secs.  
Address Table Sort by  
Address Table  
Entries can be sorted by MAC address or VLAN ID.  
The system displays the MAC address of each node, the port whose  
address table includes this MAC address, the associated VLAN(s), and the  
address status (i.e., dynamic or static).  
New Static Address  
Use the “MAC Address,” “VLAN” and “Port” fields to add a static entry to the  
address table.  
Add/Remove  
Clear Table  
Adds/removes selected address.  
Removes all addresses from the address table.  
3-12  
Management Guide  
STA (Spanning Tree Algorithm)  
The Spanning Tree Algorithm can be used to detect and disable network loops,  
and to provide backup links between switches, bridges or routers. This allows the  
switch to interact with other bridging devices (that is, STA compliant switch, bridge  
or router) in your network to ensure that only one route exists between any two  
stations on the network. For a more detailed description of how to use this  
algorithm, refer to “Spanning Tree Algorithm” in Chapter 4.  
Spanning Tree Information  
The Spanning Tree Information screen displays a summary of the STA information  
for the overall bridge or for a specific port. To make any changes to the parameters  
for the Spanning Tree, use the Spanning Tree Configuration screen.  
Spanning Tree  
The parameters shown in the following figure and table describe the current bridge  
STA Information.  
Parameter  
Description  
Spanning Tree State  
Bridge ID  
Shows if switch is enabled to participate in an STA compliant network.  
A unique identifier for this bridge, consisting of bridge priority plus MAC  
address (the MAC address of the switch unit).  
Max Age  
The maximum time (in seconds) a device can wait without receiving a  
configuration message before attempting to reconfigure.  
Hello Time  
The time interval (in seconds) at which the root device transmits a  
configuration message.  
Forward Delay  
Designated Root  
Root Port  
The maximum time (in seconds) the root device will wait before changing  
states (i.e., listening to learning to forwarding).  
The priority and MAC address of the device in the spanning tree that this  
switch has accepted as the root device.  
The number of the port on this switch that is closest to the root. This switch  
communicates with the root device through this port. If there is no root port,  
then this switch has been accepted as the root device of the spanning tree  
network.  
Root Path Cost  
The path cost from the root port on this switch to the root device.  
The number of times the spanning tree has been reconfigured.  
The time since the spanning tree was last reconfigured  
Configuration Changes  
Last Topology Change  
3-13  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Ports  
The parameters shown in the following figure and table are for port STA  
Information.  
Parameter  
Description  
Port Status  
Displays the current state of this port within the spanning tree:  
Disabled  
Blocked  
Port has been disabled by the user or has failed diagnostics.  
Port receives STA configuration messages, but does not  
forward packets.  
Listening  
Learning  
Port will leave blocking state due to topology change, starts  
transmitting configuration messages, but does not yet forward  
packets.  
Has transmitted configuration messages for an interval set by  
the Forward Delay parameter without receiving contradictory  
information. Port address table is cleared, and the port begins  
learning addresses.  
Forwarding The port forwards packets, and continues learning addresses.  
The rules defining port status are:  
• A port on a network segment with no other STA compliant bridging device  
is always forwarding.  
• If two ports of a switch are connected to the same segment and there is no  
other STA device attached to this segment, the port with the smaller ID  
forwards packets and the other is blocked.  
• All ports are blocked when the switch is booted, then some of them  
change state to listening, to learning, and then to forwarding.  
Forward Transitions  
Designated Cost  
The number of times the port has changed status to forwarding state.  
The cost for a packet to travel from this port to the root in the current  
spanning tree configuration. The slower the media, the higher the cost.  
Designated Bridge  
Designated Port  
The priority and MAC address of the device through which this port must  
communicate to reach the root of the spanning tree.  
The port on the designated bridging device through which this switch must  
communicate with the root of the spanning tree.  
3-14  
Management Guide  
Spanning Tree Configuration  
The following figures and tables describe Bridge STA configuration.  
Switch  
Parameter  
Default Description  
Usage  
Enabled  
Enable this parameter to participate in an STA compliant  
network.  
Priority  
32,768  
Device priority is used in selecting the root device, root port, and  
designated port. The device with the highest priority becomes  
the STA root device. However, if all devices have the same  
priority, the device with the lowest MAC address will then  
become the root device.  
Enter a value from 0 - 65535.  
Remember that the lower the numeric value, the higher the  
priority.  
When the Switch Becomes Root  
Parameter  
Default Description  
Hello Time  
2
The time interval (in seconds) at which the root device transmits  
a configuration message.  
The minimum value is 1. The maximum value is the lower of 10  
or [(Max. Message Age / 2) -1].  
Max (Message) Age  
20  
The maximum time (in seconds) a device can wait without  
receiving a configuration message before attempting to  
reconfigure. All device ports (except for designated ports) should  
receive configuration messages at regular intervals. Any port  
that ages out STA information (provided in the last configuration  
message) becomes the designated port for the attached LAN. If  
it is a root port, a new root port is selected from among the  
device ports attached to the network.  
The minimum value is the higher of 6 or [2 x (Hello Time + 1)].  
The maximum value is the lower of 40 or [2 x (Forward Delay - 1)].  
3-15  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Parameter  
Default Description  
15  
Forward Delay  
The maximum time (in seconds) the root device will wait before  
changing states (i.e., listening to learning to forwarding). This  
delay is required because every device must receive information  
about topology changes before it starts to forward frames. In  
addition, each port needs time to listen for conflicting information  
that would make it return to a blocking state; otherwise,  
temporary data loops might result.  
The maximum value is 30. The minimum value is the higher of 4  
or [(Max. Message Age / 2) + 1].  
STA Port Configuration  
The following figure and table describe STA configuration for ports.  
Parameter  
Default  
Description  
Priority  
128  
Defines the priority for the use of a port in the STA algorithm. If the  
path cost for all ports on a switch are the same, the port with the  
highest priority (i.e., lowest value) will be configured as an active  
link in the spanning tree. Where more than one port is assigned the  
highest priority, the port with lowest numeric identifier will be  
enabled.  
The range is 0 - 255.  
(Path) Cost  
100/19/4  
This parameter is used by the STA algorithm to determine the best  
path between devices. Therefore, lower values should be assigned  
to ports attached to faster media, and higher values assigned to  
ports with slower media.  
The default and recommended range is:  
Standard Ethernet: 100 (50~600)  
Fast Ethernet: 19 (10~60)  
Gigabit Ethernet: 4 (3~10)  
The full range is 0 - 65535.  
Note: Path cost takes precedence over port priority.  
3-16  
Management Guide  
Parameter  
Default  
Description  
Fast STA Mode  
Disabled  
This enables/disables the Fast STA Mode for the port. In this mode,  
ports skip the Blocked, Listening and Learning states and proceed  
straight to Forwarding.  
The Fast STA Mode enables end-node workstations and servers to  
overcome time-out problems when the Spanning Tree Algorithm is  
implemented in a network. Therefore, the Fast STA Mode should  
only be enabled for ports that are connected to an end-node device.  
Configuring Bridge MIB Extensions  
The Bridge MIB includes extensions for managed devices that support Traffic  
Classes and Virtual LANs. To display the switch’s support for these extensions,  
use the Extended Bridge Configuration screen as shown below:  
Bridge Capability  
Parameter  
Description  
Extended Multicast Filtering  
Services  
The switch does not support the filtering of individual multicast  
addresses based on GMRP (GARP Multicast Registration Protocol).  
Traffic Classes  
The switch provides mapping of user priorities to multiple traffic  
classes. (Refer to the Priority menu.)  
Static Entry Individual Port  
VLAN Learning  
The switch provides static filtering for unicast and multicast addresses.  
(Refer to the Address Table.)  
This switch uses Independent VLAN Learning (IVL), whereby each  
port maintains its own VLAN filtering database.  
Configurable PVID Tagging  
The switch allows you to override the default PVID setting (Port VLAN  
ID used in frame tags) and its egress status (VLAN-Tagged or  
Untagged) on each port. (Refer to VLAN / VLAN Port Configuration.)  
Local VLAN Capable  
This switch does not support multiple local bridges (that is, multiple  
Spanning Trees).  
3-17  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Bridge Settings  
Parameter  
Description  
Traffic Class  
Multiple traffic classes are supported by this switch as indicated under  
Bridge Capabilities. However, the switch supports just two priority  
queues and only the default port priority can be configured. The switch  
does not support the configuration of traffic class mapping. Therefore,  
this parameter under Bridge Settings is set to disabled and cannot be  
enabled.  
Note: This switch does not support GMRP or GVRP. Therefore, the GMRP and GVRP  
functions cannot be enabled from this screen.  
Priority  
IEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic classes. This switch supports Quality  
of Service (QoS) by using two priority queues, with weighted fair queuing for each  
port. You can use the Priority menu to configure the default priority for each port,  
or to display the mapping for the traffic classes as described in the following  
sections.  
Port Priority Configuration  
The default priority for all ingress ports is zero. Therefore, any inbound frames that  
do not have priority tags will be placed in the low priority output queue. Default  
priority is only used to determine the output queue for the current port; no priority  
tag is actually added to the frame. You can use the Port Priority Configuration  
screen to adjust default priority for any port as shown below:  
3-18  
Management Guide  
Parameter  
Description  
Port  
Numeric identifier for switch port.  
Default Ingress User Priority  
Default priority can be set to any value from 0~7, where 0~3 specifies  
the low priority queue and 4~7 specifies the high priority queue.  
Number of Egress Traffic Classes Indicates that this switch supports two priority output queues.  
Port Traffic Class Information  
This switch provides two priority levels with weighted fair queuing for port egress.  
This means that any frames with a default or user priority from 0~3 are sent to the  
low priority queue “0” while those from 4~7 are sent to the high priority queue “1”  
as shown in the following screen:  
Parameter  
Port  
Description  
Numeric identifier for switch port.  
User Priority  
Shows that user priorities 0~3 specify the low priority queue and 4~7  
specify the high priority queue.  
3-19  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Configuring VLANs  
Use the VLAN menu to create LAN groups and assign switch ports to any of up to  
16 groups. In conventional networks with routers, broadcast traffic is split up into  
separate domains. Switches do not inherently support broadcast domains. This  
can lead to broadcast storms in large networks that handle a lot of IPX traffic. By  
using IEEE 802.1Q compliant VLANs, you can organize any group of network  
nodes into separate broadcast domains, confining broadcast traffic to the  
originating group, and provide a more secure and much cleaner network  
environment. For a more detailed description of how to use VLANs, see “Using  
Virtual LANs” in Chapter 4.  
VLAN Basic Information  
The VLAN Basic Information screen displays basic information on the VLAN type  
supported by this switch.  
Parameter  
Description  
VLAN Version Number  
The VLAN version used by this switch as specified in the IEEE 802.1Q  
standard.  
Max. VLAN ID  
Maximum VLAN ID recognized by this switch.  
Max. Supported VLANs  
Maximum number of VLANs that can be configured on this switch.  
Current Number of VLANs The number of VLANs currently configured on this switch.  
Configured  
3-20  
Management Guide  
VLAN Current Table  
This screen shows the current port members of each VLAN and whether or not the  
port supports VLAN tagging. Ports assigned to a large VLAN group that crosses  
several switches should use VLAN tagging. However, if you just want to create a  
small port-based VLAN for one or two switches, you can assign ports to the same  
untagged VLAN. The current configuration is shown in the following screen.  
Parameter  
Description  
VLAN Entry Delete Count The number of times a VLAN entry has been deleted from this table.  
VLAN ID  
The ID for the VLAN currently displayed.  
Up Time at Creation  
Status  
The value of sysUpTime (System Up Time) when this VLAN was created.  
Shows that this VLAN was added to the switch as a static entry.  
Shows the ports which have been added to the displayed VLAN group.  
Shows the untagged VLAN port members.  
Egress Ports  
Untagged Ports  
3-21  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
VLAN Static List  
Use this screen to create or remove VLAN groups.  
Parameter  
Description  
Current  
Lists all the current VLAN groups created for this system. Up to 16 VLAN  
groups can be defined. To allow this switch to participate in external VLAN  
groups, you must use the VLAN ID for the concerned external groups.  
New  
Allows you to specify the name and numeric identifier for a new VLAN group.  
(The VLAN name is only used for management on this system; it is not added  
to the VLAN tag.)  
Status  
Add  
Enables/disables the specified VLAN.  
Adds a new VLAN group to the current list.  
Remove  
Removes a VLAN group from the current list. If any port is assigned to this  
group as untagged, it will be reassigned to VLAN group 1 as untagged.  
VLAN Static Table  
Use this screen to modify the settings for an existing VLAN. You can add/delete  
port members for a VLAN and disable or enable VLAN tagging for any port. (Note  
that VLAN 1 is fixed as an untagged VLAN containing all ports, and cannot be  
modified via this screen.)  
Parameter  
Description  
VLAN  
The ID for the VLAN currently displayed.  
Range: 1-2048  
Name  
Status  
A user-specified symbolic name for this VLAN.  
String length: 8 alphanumeric characters  
Enables/disables the specified VLAN.  
3-22  
Management Guide  
Use the screens shown below to assign ports to the specified VLAN group as an  
IEEE 802.1Q tagged port. Assign ports as tagged if they are connected to 802.1Q  
VLAN compliant devices. If the port is connected to VLAN-unaware devices,  
frames will passed to the untagged VLAN group this port has been assigned to  
under VLAN Port Configuration.  
Parameter  
Description  
Egress Ports  
Adds ports to the specified VLAN.  
Forbidden Egress Ports  
Prevents a port from being automatically added to this VLAN via GVRP.  
Note that GVRP is not supported by this switch.  
VLAN Static Membership by Port  
Use the screen shown below to assign VLAN groups to the selected port. To  
perform detailed port configuration for a specific VLAN, use the VLAN Static Table.  
Parameter  
Description  
Port Number  
Add/Remove  
Port number on the switch selected from the upper display panel.  
Add or remove selected VLAN groups for the port indicated in the Port  
Number field.  
3-23  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
VLAN Port Configuration  
Use this screen to configure port-specific settings for IEEE 802.1Q VLAN features.  
Parameter  
Description  
PVID  
The VLAN ID assigned to untagged frames received on this port. Use the  
PVID to assign ports to the same untagged VLAN.  
Acceptable Frame Type  
Ingress Filtering  
This switch accepts “All” frame types, including VLAN tagged or VLAN  
untagged frames. Note that all VLAN untagged frames received on this port  
are assigned to the PVID for this port.  
If set to “True,” incoming frames for VLANs which do not include this port in  
their member set will be discarded at the inbound port.  
Note: This switch does not support GVRP. Therefore, the GVRP Status parameter is  
set to disabled and cannot be enabled. The other GVRP parameters will always  
display zeros.  
3-24  
Management Guide  
IGMP Multicast Filtering  
Multicasting is used to support real-time applications such as video conferencing  
or streaming audio. A multicast server does not have to establish a separate  
connection with each client. It merely broadcasts its service to the network, and  
any hosts which want to receive the multicast register with their local multicast  
switch/router. Although this approach reduces the network overhead required by a  
multicast server, the broadcast traffic must be carefully pruned at every multicast  
switch/router it passes through to ensure that traffic is only passed on the hosts  
which subscribed to this service.  
This switch uses IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) to query for any  
attached hosts who want to receive a specific multicast service. The switch looks  
up the IP Multicast Group used for this service and adds any port which received a  
similar request to that group. It then propagates the service request on to any  
neighboring multicast switch/router to ensure that it will continue to receive the  
multicast service. (For more information, see “IGMP Snooping and IP Multicast  
Filtering” in Chapter 4.)  
Configuring IGMP  
This protocol allows a host to inform its local switch/router that it wants to receive  
transmissions addressed to a specific multicast address group. Use the IGMP  
Configuration screen to set key parameters for multicast filtering as shown below.  
Parameter  
Description  
IGMP Status  
If enabled, the switch will monitor network traffic to determine which  
hosts want to receive multicast traffic.  
Act as IGMP Querier  
If enabled, the switch can serve as the “querier,” which is responsible  
3-25  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
IP Multicast Registration Table  
Use the IP Multicast Registration Table to display all the multicast groups active on  
this switch, including multicast IP addresses and the corresponding VLAN ID.  
Parameter  
Description  
VLAN ID  
VLAN ID assigned to this multicast group.  
IP address for specific multicast services.  
The switch ports registered for the indicated multicast service.  
Multicast IP Address  
Dynamic Port List  
Port Menus  
Port Information  
The Port Information screen displays the port status and link state, as well as the  
flow control in use. To change any of the port settings, use the Port Configuration  
menu. The parameters are shown in the following figure and table.  
3-26  
Management Guide  
Parameter  
Description  
Admin Status  
Link Status  
Shows if the port is enabled or not.  
Indicates if the port has a valid connection to an external device.  
Indicates that the port is connected at 1000 Mbps..  
Indicates that the port is connected at full duplex.  
Speed Status  
Duplex Status  
Flow Control Status  
Shows if flow control is in use. Flow control can eliminate frame loss by  
“blocking” traffic from end stations connected directly to the switch. Standard  
IEEE 802.3x full-duplex flow control is used.  
Port Configuration  
Use the Port Configuration menus to configure any port on the switch.  
Parameter Default  
Description  
Admin Status Enable  
Allows you to disable a port due to abnormal behavior (e.g.,  
excessive collisions), and then re-enable it after the problem has  
been resolved. You may also disable a port for security reasons.  
Duplex Mode 1000M-Full-Duplex Used to set the duplex mode to full duplex or auto-negotiation. The  
default for all ports is to force full-duplex.  
Flow Control Enable  
Used to enable or disable flow control. Flow control can eliminate  
frame loss by "blocking" traffic from end stations or segments  
connected directly to the switch when its buffers fill. Standard IEEE  
802.3x full-duplex flow control is used.  
3-27  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Port Mirroring Configuration  
You can mirror the traffic from a target port to an analysis port for real-time  
analysis. You can then attach a logic analyzer or RMON probe to the analysis port  
and study the traffic crossing target port in a completely unobtrusive manner.  
When mirroring a port, note that the analysis port must be included in the same  
VLAN as the monitored port.  
Use Port Monitoring Configuration to set up analysis ports as shown below:  
Parameter  
Description  
Capturing State  
Analyzer Port  
Enables or disables the mirror function.  
The port that will "duplicate" or "mirror" all the traffic happening on the monitored  
port.  
Analyzed Port  
The port whose traffic will be monitored.  
Port Statistics  
Use the Port Statistics menu to display Etherlike or RMON statistics for any port on  
the switch. The statistics displayed are indicated in the following figure and table.  
Etherlike Statistics  
Etherlike Statistics display key statistics from the Ethernet-like MIB for each port.  
Error statistics on the traffic passing through each port are displayed. This  
information can be used to identify potential problems with the switch (such as a  
faulty port or unusually heavy loading). Values displayed have been accumulated  
since the last system reboot.  
3-28  
Management Guide  
Parameter  
Description  
Alignment Errors  
For 10 Mbps ports, this counter records alignment errors (mis-  
synchronized data packets). For 100 Mbps ports, this counter records  
the sum of alignment errors and code errors (frames received with  
rxerror signal).  
FCS Errors  
The number of frames received that are an integral number of octets in  
length but do not pass the FCS check.  
Single Collision Frames1  
Multiple Collision Frames1  
SQE Test Errors1  
The number of successfully transmitted frames for which transmission  
is inhibited by exactly one collision.  
A count of successfully transmitted frames for which transmission is  
inhibited by more that one collision.  
A count of times that the SQE TEST ERROR message is generated by  
the PLS sublayer.  
Deferred Transmissions1  
Late Collisions  
A count of frames for which the first transmission attempt on a  
particular interface is delayed because the medium was busy.  
The number of times that a collision is detected later than 512 bit-times  
into the transmission of a packet.  
Excessive Collisions1  
Internal Mac Transmit Errors1  
Carrier Sense Errors1  
Frames Too Long  
The number of frames for which transmission failed due to excessive  
collisions.  
The number of frames for which transmission failed due to an internal  
MAC sublayer transmit error.  
The number of times that the carrier sense condition was lost or never  
asserted when attempting to transmit a frame.  
The number of frames received that exceed the maximum permitted  
frame size.  
Internal Mac Receive Errors1  
The number of frames for which reception failed due to an internal  
MAC sublayer receive error.  
1: The values will always be zero because these statistics are not supported by the internal chip set.  
3-29  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
RMON Statistics  
RMON Statistics display key statistics for each port or media module from RMON  
group 1. (RMON groups 2, 3 and 9 can only be accessed using SNMP  
management software such as AccView.) The following screen displays overall  
statistics on traffic passing through each port. RMON statistics provide access to a  
broad range of statistics, including a total count of different frame types passing  
through each port. Values displayed have been accumulated since the last system  
reboot.  
Parameter  
Description  
Drop Events  
The total number of events in which packets were dropped due to lack  
of resources.  
Received Bytes  
Total number of bytes of data received on the network. This statistic  
can be used as a reasonable indication of Ethernet utilization.  
Received Frames  
Broadcast Frames  
The total number of frames (bad, broadcast and multicast) received.  
The total number of good frames received that were directed to the  
broadcast address. Note that this does not include multicast packets.  
Multicast Frames  
The total number of good frames received that were directed to this  
multicast address.  
CRC/Alignment Errors  
For 10Mbps ports, the counter records CRC/alignment errors (FCS or  
alignment errors). For 100Mbps ports, the counter records the sum of  
CRC/alignment errors and code errors (frame received with rxerror  
signal).  
Undersize Frames  
Oversize Frames  
Fragments  
The total number of frames received that were less than 64 octets long  
(excluding framing bits, but including FCS octets) and were otherwise  
well formed.  
The total number of frames received that were longer than 1518 octets  
(excluding framing bits, but including FCS octets) and were otherwise  
well formed.  
The total number of frames received that were less than 64 octets in  
length (excluding framing bits, but including FCS octets) and had  
either an FCS or alignment error.  
3-30  
Management Guide  
Parameter  
Description  
Jabbers  
The total number of frames received that were longer than 1518 octets  
(excluding framing bits, but including FCS octets), and had either an  
FCS or alignment error.  
Collisions  
The best estimate of the total number of collisions on this Ethernet  
segment.  
64 Byte Frames  
The total number of frames (including bad packets) received and  
transmitted that were 64 octets in length (excluding framing bits but  
including FCS octets).  
65-127 Byte Frames  
128-255 Byte Frames  
256-511 Byte Frames  
512-1023 Byte Frames  
1024-1518 Byte Frames  
The total number of frames (including bad packets) received and  
transmitted that were between 65 and 127 octets in length inclusive  
(excluding framing bits but including FCS octets).  
The total number of packets (including bad packets) received and  
transmitted that were between 128 and 255 octets in length inclusive  
(excluding framing bits but including FCS octets).  
The total number of packets (including bad packets) received and  
transmitted that were between 256 and 511 octets in length inclusive  
(excluding framing bits but including FCS octets).  
The total number of packets (including bad packets) received and  
transmitted that were between 512 and 1023 octets in length inclusive  
(excluding framing bits but including FCS octets).  
The total number of packets (including bad packets) received and  
transmitted that were between 1024 and 1518 octets in length  
inclusive (excluding framing bits but including FCS octets).  
3-31  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Broadcast Storm Control  
Use the Broadcast Storm Control page to enable/disable broadcast suppression  
on a per-port basis. You can also set the broadcast-rate threshold above which  
broadcast packets will be discarded. The parameters are shown in the following  
figure and table.  
Parameter  
Description  
Filtering Status  
Enables/disables Broadcast Storm Control for the port. When enabled,  
broadcast packets are discarded if the packets-per-second threshold rate is  
exceeded. (The default is disabled.)  
Filtering Threshold  
The broadcast-rate threshold above which broadcast packets are discarded.  
The default is 10240 packets per second. (Range is 1024 - 353,422 pps.)  
3-32  
Chapter 4: Advanced Topics  
SpanningTree Algorithm  
The Spanning Tree Algorithm (that is, the STA configuration algorithm as outlined  
in IEEE 802.1D) can be used to detect and disable network loops, and to provide  
link backup. This allows the switch to interact with other bridging devices (including  
STA compliant switches, bridges or routers) in your network to ensure that only  
one route exists between any two stations on the network. If redundant paths or  
loops are detected, one or more ports are put into a blocking state (stopped from  
forwarding packets) to eliminate the extra paths. Moreover, if one or more of the  
paths in a stable spanning tree topology fail, this algorithm will automatically  
change ports from blocking state to forwarding state to re-establish contact with all  
network stations.  
The STA uses a distributed algorithm to select a bridging device (STA compliant  
switch, bridge or router) that serves as the root of the spanning tree network. It  
selects a root port on each bridging device (except for the root device) which  
incurs the lowest path cost when forwarding a packet from that device to the root  
device. Then it selects a designated bridging device from each LAN which incurs  
the lowest path cost when forwarding a packet from that LAN to the root device. All  
ports connected to designated bridging devices are assigned as designated ports.  
After determining the lowest cost spanning tree, it enables all root ports and  
designated ports, and disables all other ports. Network packets are therefore only  
forwarded between root ports and designated ports, eliminating any possible  
network loops.  
Once a stable network topology has been established, all bridges listen for Hello  
BPDUs (Bridge Protocol Data Units) transmitted from the Root Bridge. If a bridge  
does not get a Hello BPDU after a predefined interval (Maximum Age), the bridge  
assumes that the link to the Root Bridge is down. This bridge will then initiate  
negotiations with other bridges to reconfigure the network to re-establish a valid  
network topology.  
The following figure gives an illustration of how the Spanning Tree Algorithm  
assigns bridging device ports.  
1
4-1  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Virtual LANs  
Switches do not inherently support broadcast domains, which can lead to  
broadcast storms in large networks that handle a lot of IPX or NetBeui traffic. In  
conventional networks with routers, broadcast traffic is split up into separate  
domains to confine broadcast traffic to the originating group and provide a much  
cleaner network environment. By supporting VLANs, this switch allows you to  
create segregated broadcast domains. However, note that if you need to support  
intra-VLAN communications, you must use a router or Layer 3 switch.  
An IEEE 802.1Q VLAN is a group of ports that can be located anywhere in the  
network, but communicate as though they belong to the same physical segment.  
VLANs help to simplify network management by allowing you to move devices to a  
new VLAN without having to change any physical connections. VLANs can be  
easily organized to reflect departmental groups (such as Marketing or R&D),  
usage groups (such as e-mail), or multicast groups (used for multimedia  
applications such as video conferencing).  
VLANs provide greater network efficiency by reducing broadcast traffic, but also  
allow you to make network changes without having to update IP addresses or IP  
subnets. VLANs inherently provide a high level of network security, since traffic  
must pass through a Layer 3 switch or a router to reach a different VLAN.  
This switch supports the following VLAN features:  
• Up to 16 VLANs based on the IEEE 802.1Q standard  
• Distributed VLAN learning across multiple switches using explicit or implicit  
tagging  
• Port overlapping, allowing a port to participate in multiple VLANs  
• End stations can belong to multiple VLANs  
• Passing traffic between VLAN-aware and VLAN-unaware devices  
• Two-level priority queue  
Assigning Ports to VLANs  
Before enabling VLANs for the switch, you must first assign each port to the VLAN  
group(s) it will participate in. (By default all ports are assigned to VLAN 1 as  
untagged ports.) Add a port as a tagged port (that is, a port attached to a VLAN-  
aware device) if you want it to carry traffic for one or more VLANs and the device  
at the other end of the link also supports VLANs. Then assign the port at the other  
end of the link to the same VLAN(s). However, if you want a port on this switch to  
participate in one or more VLANs, but the device at the other end of the link does  
not support VLANs, then you must add this port as an untagged port (that is, a port  
attached to a VLAN-unaware device).  
Port-based VLANs are tied to specific ports. The switch’s forwarding decision is  
based on the destination MAC address and its associated port. Therefore, to make  
valid forwarding and flooding decisions, the switch learns the relationship of the  
MAC address to its related port—and thus to the VLAN—at run-time.  
4-2  
Management Guide  
VLAN Classification  
When the switch receives a frame, it classifies the frame in one of two ways:  
• If the frame is untagged, the switch assigns the frame to an associated VLAN  
(based on the PVID of the receiving port).  
• If the frame is tagged, the switch uses the tagged VLAN ID to identify the port  
broadcast domain of the frame.  
Port Overlapping  
Port overlapping can be used to allow access to commonly shared network  
resources among different VLAN groups, such as file servers or printers. Note that  
if you implement VLANs which do not overlap, but still need to communicate, you  
must connect them using a router or Layer 3 switch.  
Forwarding Tagged/Untagged Frames  
Ports can be assigned to one untagged VLAN and multiple tagged VLANs. Each  
port on the switch is therefore capable of passing tagged or untagged frames. To  
forward a frame from a VLAN-aware device to a VLAN-unaware device, the switch  
first decides where to forward the frame, and then strips off the VLAN tag.  
However, to forward a frame from a VLAN-unaware device to a VLAN-aware  
device, the switch first decides where to forward the frame, and then inserts a  
VLAN tag reflecting this port’s default VID. The default PVID is VLAN 1, but this  
can be changed (see page 2-32 or 3-24).  
4-3  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Forwarding Traffic with Unknown VLAN Tags  
Up to 2048 VLANs are supported by the IEEE 802.1Q protocol, but this switch only  
supports 16 VLANs. Therefore, if this switch is attached to any device that  
forwards frames with unknown VLAN tags, or to endstations which issue VLAN  
registration requests for unknown VLANs, this traffic will be dropped.  
Class-of-Service (CoS) Support  
The CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508 provides two transmit queues on each port,  
with a weighted round-robin scheme. This function can be used to provide  
independent priorities for various types of data such as real-time video or voice,  
and best-effort data.  
Priority assignment to a packet in the CheetahSwitch is accomplished through  
explicit assignment by end stations which have applications that require a higher  
priority than best-effort. This switch utilizes the IEEE 802.1p and 802.1Q tag  
structure to decide priority assignments for the received packets.  
IGMP Snooping and IP Multicast Filtering  
The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) runs between hosts and their  
immediately neighboring multicast router/switch. The protocol’s mechanisms allow  
a host to inform its local router/switch that it wants to receive transmissions  
addressed to a specific multicast group.  
A router, or multicast-enabled switch, can periodically ask their hosts is they want  
to receive multicast traffic. If there is more than one router/switch on the LAN  
performing IP multicasting, one of these devices is elected “querier” and assumes  
the responsibility of querying the LAN for group members.  
Based on the group membership information learned from IGMP, a router/switch  
can determine which (if any) multicast traffic needs to be forwarded to each of its  
ports. At Layer-3, multicast routers use this information, along with a multicast  
routing protocol, to support IP multicasting across the Internet.  
IGMP provides the final step in an IP multicast packet delivery service since it is  
only concerned with forwarding multicast traffic from the local router/switch to  
group members on directly attached subnetwork or LAN segment.  
This switch supports IP Multicast Filtering by:  
• Passively snooping on the IGMP Query and IGMP Report packets transferred  
between IP multicast routers and IP multicast host groups to learn IP Multicast  
group members, and  
• Actively sending IGMP Query messages to solicit IP Multicast group members  
(see page 2-23 or 3-25).  
4-4  
Management Guide  
The purpose of IP multicast filtering is to optimize a switched network’s  
performance, so multicast packets will only be forwarded to those ports containing  
multicast group hosts or multicast routers/switches instead of flooding to all ports  
in the subnet (VLAN).  
The CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508, with IP multicast filtering capability, not only  
passively monitors IGMP Query and Report messages; it can also actively send  
IGMP Query messages to learn locations of multicast routers/switches and  
member hosts in multicast groups within each VLAN.  
However, note that IGMP neither alters nor routes any IP multicast packets. Since  
IGMP is not concerned with the delivery of IP multicast packets across  
subnetworks, an external IP multicast router is needed if IP multicast packets have  
to be routed across different subnetworks.  
SNMP Management Software  
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is a communication protocol  
designed specifically for managing devices or other elements on a network.  
Network equipment commonly managed with SNMP includes hubs, switches,  
bridges, routers and host computers. SNMP is typically used to configure these  
devices for proper operation in a network environment, as well as monitor them to  
evaluate performance and detect potential problems.  
Accton provides AccView/Open network management software for free with all of  
its manageable products. AccView/Open contains a complete management  
platform, including network discovery, mapping, event manager, log manager, MIB  
browser, RMON analysis tools, and device management modules. Accton can also  
provide optional plug-in device management modules for HP OpenView software.  
Remote Monitoring  
Remote Monitoring (RMON) provides a cost-effective way to monitor large  
networks by placing embedded or external probes on distributed network  
equipment (hubs, switches or routers). Accton’s AccView network management  
software can access the probes embedded in recent Accton network products to  
perform traffic analysis, troubleshoot network problems, evaluate historical trends,  
or implement pro-active management policies. RMON has already become a  
valuable tool for network managers faced with a quickly changing network  
landscape that contains dozens or hundreds of separate segments. RMON is the  
only way to retain control of the network and analyze applications running at multi-  
megabit speeds. It provides the tools you need to implement either reactive or pro-  
active policies that can keep your network running based on real-time access to  
key statistical information.  
This switch provides support for mini-RMON which contains the four key groups  
required for basic remote monitoring. These groups include:  
4-5  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Statistics: Includes all the tools needed to monitor your network for common  
errors and overall traffic rates. Information is provided on bandwidth utilization,  
peak utilization, packet types, errors and collisions, as well as the distribution of  
packet sizes.  
History: Can be used to create a record of network utilization, packet types, errors  
and collisions. You need a historical record of activity to be able to track down  
intermittent problems. Historical data can also be used to establish normal  
baseline activity, which may reveal problems associated with high traffic levels,  
broadcast storms, or other unusual events. Historical information can also be used  
to predict network growth and plan for expansion before your network becomes  
too overloaded.  
Alarms: Can be set to test data over any specified time interval, and can monitor  
absolute or changing values (such as a statistical counter reaching a specific  
value, or a statistic changing by a certain amount over the set interval). Alarms can  
be set to respond to either rising or falling thresholds.  
Events: Defines the action to take when an alarm is triggered. The response to an  
alarm can include recording the alarm in the Log Table or sending a message to a  
trap manager. Note that the Alarm and Event Groups are used together to record  
important events or immediately respond to critical network problems.  
4-6  
Appendix A:Troubleshooting  
Refer to the Quick Installation Guide for a more detailed listing of troubleshooting  
procedures. However, if you have trouble making a connection to the agent  
module, then please refer to the following section.  
Console Connection  
If you cannot access the on-board configuration program via a serial port, be  
sure to have set the terminal emulator program to VT100 compatible, 8 data bits,  
1 stop bit, no parity and 19200 bps. Also check that the null-modem serial cable  
conforms to the pin-out connections provided in Appendix B. If you forgot or lost  
the password, contact Accton Technical Support for help.  
In-Band Connection  
You can access the management agent on the switch from anywhere within the  
attached network using Telnet, a Web browser, or other network management  
software such as AccView. However, you must first configure the switch with a  
valid IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway. If you have trouble  
establishing a link to the management agent, check to see if you have a valid  
network connection. Then verify that you entered the correct IP address. Also, be  
sure the port through which you are connecting to the switch has not been  
disabled. If it has not been disabled, then check the network cabling that runs  
between your remote location and the switch.  
Note: Up to four Telnet connections are supported.  
Upgrading Firmware via the Serial Port  
You can upgrade system firmware by connecting your computer to the serial port  
on the agent module, and using a console interface package that supports the  
XModem protocol. (See Making Connections for System Configuration on page  
1-2.)  
1. Restart the system by using the Restart System command.  
2. When the system initialization screen appears as shown below, press “Ctrl+G”  
to download system firmware, and then indicate the code type (1: Runtime,  
2: POST, 3: Mainboard).  
1
A-1  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
(c)Copyright 2000, Accton Inc.  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
LOADER Version V01.00.01  
POST  
Version V01.00.01  
------ Performing the Power-On Self Test (POST) ------  
EPROM Checksum Test ....................... PASS  
Testing the System SDRAM .................. PASS  
CPU Self Test ............................. PASS  
EEPROM Checksum Test ...................... PASS  
SEEPROM Checksum Test ..................... PASS  
MAC Address ..............00-e0-29-52-28-00  
------------ Power-On Self Test Completed ------------  
(D)ownload System Image or (S)tart Application: [S]  
Select the Firmware Type to Download (1)Runtime (2)POST (3)Mainboard  
[1]:  
For example, if you select 1 (for downloading agent firmware), the system will  
display the following message:  
(D)ownload System Image or (S)tart Application: [S]  
Select the Firmware Type to Download (1)Runtime (2)POST  
(3)Mainboard [1]:  
1
Your Selection: Runtime Code  
Download code to FlashROM address 0x02880000  
Change Baud Rate to 115200 and Press <ENTER> to Download.  
3. Change your baud rate to 115200 bps, and press Enter to enable download  
mode. From the terminal emulation program, select the file you want to  
download, set the protocol to XModem, and then initialize downloading.  
Notes: If you use Windows HyperTerminal, disconnect  
and reconnect  
to  
enable the new baud rate.  
The download file should be an ES4508 binary file from Accton; otherwise  
the agent will not accept it. The file naming convention is:  
Runtime program: Agent-Vx.yz,  
POST program:  
Boot-Vx.yx, and  
Mainboard program: 8051-Vx.yz  
4. After the file has been downloaded, the console screen will display  
information similar to that shown below. Press “s” to start the management  
interface, change the baudrate back to 19200, and press Enter. The Logon  
screen will then appear  
XModem Download to DRAM buffer area 0x00200000: ... SUCCESS  
Verifying image in DRAM download buffer 0x00200000... SUCCESS  
!
!
Update FlashROM Image at 0x02880000 ... SUCCESS  
!
(D)ownload another Image or (S)tart Application: [S]  
Change Baud Rate to 19200 and Press <ENTER>.  
s
For details on managing the switch, refer to Chapter 2 for information on the  
out-of-band console interface, or Chapter 3 for information on the Web  
interface.  
A-2  
Appendix B: Pin Assignments  
DB9 Serial Port Pin Description  
The DB9 serial port on the switch’s rear panel is used to  
connect the switch to a management device. The on-board  
menu-driven configuration program can be accessed from a terminal, a PC  
running a terminal emulation program, or from a remote location via a modem  
connection. You can use the management port to configure port settings (e.g.,  
enabled or disabled), or to update device firmware. The pin assignments used to  
connect various device types to the switch's management port are provided in  
the following tables.  
DB9 Port Pin Assignments  
Switch's PC DB9  
Modem  
DB25 DCE Direction  
Pin #  
Signal  
EIA  
CCITT  
Description  
DB9 DTE  
Pin #  
DTE  
Pin #  
Circuit Signal  
DTE-DCE  
<---------  
<---------  
--------->  
--------->  
---------  
<---------  
--------->  
<---------  
<---------  
CF  
BB  
BA  
CD  
AB  
CC  
CA  
CB  
CE  
109  
104  
103  
108.2  
102  
107  
105  
106  
125  
DCD (Data Carrier Detected)  
RxD (Received Data)  
TxD (Transmitted Data)  
DTR (Data Terminal Ready)  
SG (Signal Ground)  
DSR (Data Set Ready)  
RTS (Request-to-Send)  
CTS (Clear-to-Send)  
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
8
3
2
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
20  
7
6
4
5
RI (Ring Indicator)  
22  
Connection from Switch’s Serial Port to PC’s 9-Pin COM Port  
Switch's 9-Pin  
Serial Port  
1 DCD  
2 RXD  
3 TXD  
4 DTR  
5 SGND  
6 DSR  
7 RTS  
8 CTS  
PC's 9-Pin  
COM Port  
1
CCITT Signal  
------- DCD --------  
<----- TXD ---------  
------- RXD ------>  
------- DSR ------>  
------- SGND ------  
------- DTR --------  
------- CTS ------>  
<------ RTS --------  
------- RI -----------  
3
2
6
5
4
8
7
9
9 RI  
1
B-1  
CheetahSwitch Workgroup-4508  
Connection from Switch's Serial Port to Modem's 25-Pin DCE Port  
Switch's 9-Pin  
Serial Port  
Modem's 25-  
Pin COM Port  
CCITT Signal  
1
<------ DCD -------  
<------ RXD -------  
-------- TXD ------>  
8
3
2
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
-------- DTR ------> 20  
-------- SGND -----  
<------ DSR -------  
-------- RTS ------>  
<------ CTS -------  
<------ RI -------  
7
6
4
5
22  
Connection from Switch's Serial Port to PC's 25-Pin DTE Port  
Switch's 9-Pin Serial  
Port  
1 DCD  
PC's 25-Pin DTE  
Port  
DCD  
TXD  
RXD  
Null Modem  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
1
3
2
8
20  
7
4
5
6
8
3
2
2 RXD  
3 TXD  
4 DTR  
5 SGND  
6 DSR  
7 RTS  
8 CTS  
9 RI  
20 DTR  
7
6
4
5
SGND  
DSR  
RTS  
CTS  
20  
22 RI  
B-2  
ES4508  
E022000-R01  
150065-102  

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