Quantum Instruments QFT5d R User Manual

QFT5D INSTRUCTIONS 10/5/06 10:27 AM Page 1  
®
Qflash  
“5d-R” series  
Digital Flash  
Models QFT5d-R, QFX5d-R  
Operating Instructions  
QFT5d-R-- powered by Quantum Turbo® batteries  
QFX5d-R-- powered by Quantum Qpaq System  
Quantum Instruments  
Designed and manufactured in the USA  
QFT5D INSTRUCTIONS 10/5/06 10:27 AM Page 3  
QFT5D INSTRUCTIONS 10/5/06 10:27 AM Page 4  
Flash Display Symbols  
Speaker  
Flash indicator LEDs  
On solid - Flash ready  
Blinking - Flash recycling  
Front curtain sync  
Rear curtain syns  
Reflector in normal  
Bare bulb reflector  
Reflector with diffusing disks,  
wide angle dome, or soft box  
Telephoto reflector  
Auto sensor limit turned off  
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TABLE OF CONTENTS  
Section  
1.0  
Description  
Introduction  
2.0  
Warnings  
3.0  
Advanced Features Summary  
4.0  
Features available with QTTL  
(D, Dw, Dw-R series) Adapters  
5.0  
6.0  
Getting Started  
Basic Navigation  
7.0  
Common Features  
8.0  
Basic Options  
9.0  
Manual Mode Operation  
Automatic Mode Operation  
TTL and QTTL Mode Operation  
Stroboscopic Mode Operation  
Program Mode Operation  
Wireless Qflash Operation  
Wired Control Mode  
10.0  
11.0  
12.0  
13.0  
14.0  
15.0  
16.0  
Typical Lighting Situations  
1. INTRODUCTION  
Qflash “5d-R” series flashes provide professional quality lighting for both  
digital and film cameras. Quantum’s proprietary QTTL® Adapters dedicate  
Qflash seamlessly to your camera. Many features of Qflash5d-R will  
enhance your lighting control when used with non-dedicated/manual  
cameras.  
While powerful and extremely versatile, Qflash operation is intuitive and  
straightforward. Advanced features for most lighting needs are accessible  
as required.  
We highly recommend reading this entire instruction manual.  
Whether or not you require all of Qflash’s capability now, you will  
want to know it exists when the need arises.  
Series Qflash 5d-R adds wireless preflash TTL and wireless remote auto  
to the Qflash features. These features apply when Qflash 5d-R is used in  
combination with Dw-R series QTTL Adapters, FreeXWire receivers  
FW7Q and FW8R, and transmitter FW9T or transceiver FW10w. If you  
own FW10 transceivers, they can be upgraded to become FW10w.  
Qflash 5d-R models used with Quantum’s proprietary Dw-R Adapters  
allow you to create ratios with multiple remote Qflashes in the wireless  
TTL mode. Older D and Dw series Adapters can be upgraded to become  
Dw-R adapters.  
QTTL adapters are optional for specific makes and camera models.  
.
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2. WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS  
• Disconnect external power before changing the flash tube, or  
connecting or disconnecting to/from cameras, power packs,  
or any other equipment.  
• OPERATE ONLY WITH A FLASH TUBE IN THE SOCKET!!  
• DO NOT TOUCH THE FLASH TUBE SOCKET WITH METAL  
OBJECTS!!  
• THIS IS A PROFESSIONAL INSTRUMENT. KEEP AWAY  
FROM CHILDREN!!  
• DO NOT ATTEMPT TO OPEN THE FLASH UNIT! DANGEROUS  
HIGH VOLTAGE INSIDE!!  
• Repairs can be made only by a qualified Quantum service  
representative.  
3. ADVANCED FEATURES SUMMARY  
The chart below summarizes the advanced features for various Qflash  
series. A “U” means the Qflash model will have this feature when upgrad-  
ed to series 5d-R. An “F” means this feature is available in the model  
shown.  
Feature  
Qflash Models (T and X types)  
QF4d  
QF5d  
QF5d-R  
Wireless Control in Nikon/Canon  
systems with Qnexus  
U
U
F
Wireless multiple ratio TTL- with  
Dw-R Adapters & FreeXWire  
U
U
F
Wireless preflash TTL with digital cameras  
-using Dw/ Dw-R Adapters and FreeXWire  
U
U
U
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
Wireless remote Auto / Auto Fill mode  
Zone control of FW7Q from panel of Qflash  
Flash ready indication in camera viewfinder  
Shutter speed control  
(camera detects flash and sets shutter)  
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
Rear Curtain Sync  
Auto focus assist  
Auto Fill ratio  
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4. FEATURES AVAILABLE WITH QTTL  
(D, Dw, Dw-R SERIES) ADAPTERS  
Quantum’s QTTL® adapters provide a dedicated link between Qflash 5d-R  
series and popular digital and film cameras.  
Wireless multiple ratio TTL - with Dw-R series Adapters & FreeXWires,  
remote Qflashes can be set to ratios of the camera’s TTL metering  
system. For example, an on-camera flash could be set 1.6 stops down, a  
main flash on the left to +1 stop, and a hairlight to –2 stops from the  
camera TTL exposure.  
Wireless preflash TTL with digital cameras - when using Dw or Dw-R  
series QTTL Adapters, you can control Qflash exposure wirelessly with  
your camera’s TTL exposure control system.  
Rear curtain sync - If supported by your camera, the QTTL adapter can  
fire Qflash in sync with the rear curtain. Rear curtain sync is selected by  
a switch located on the back of the adapter.  
Auto focus assist - If your camera requires an infrared focus assist, the  
QTTL adapter will project a beam when the camera focuses.  
Flash Sync speed control - If flash readiness is achieved, the camera’s  
automatic system switches the shutter speed to the correct flash sync  
speed.  
Ready light - Flash readiness is established when the “Ready” indicator  
appears in the Qflash display. If “flash ready” is supported by the camera,  
then a flash symbol will appear in the viewfinder when Qflash is recycled  
and ready.  
Pre-flash TTL - Cameras that have advanced TTL metering systems  
require a pre-flash to determine proper exposure. This pre-flash is sup-  
ported by the QTTL adapters.  
QTTL adapters support the features mentioned above only when the  
camera connected also supports those features. Please see the list of  
adapters available for cameras in the latest Quantum Price List or at  
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5. GETTING STARTED  
5.1 Inserting the Flash Tube  
Match the red dot on the base of the flash tube with the red dot in the sock-  
et of Qflash. Push the flash tube in until it is seated snugly into the socket.  
Excessive force is not required.  
Replace the flash tube only with Quantum type QF30 or QF30uv for Qflash  
model T5d / T5d-R. Qflash model X5d / X5d-R requires QF32 or QF32uv  
flash tubes. Other flash tubes will not provide proper exposure, may not  
work at all, or they may damage the Qflash.  
5.2 Reflectors and Bare Bulb  
Reflectors are secured by the locking  
ring near the base of the reflector.  
Rotate the ring in the directions  
shown in the diagram to loosen or  
tighten the reflectors.  
When inserting a reflector, first slowly r
it until the notch in the reflector “drops
into head of the Qflash. Then tighte
locking ring. If you do not let the reflec
fully into the Qflash before locking it, th
may become loose during use.  
Approx.  
Angle  
Guide No. for ISO 200*  
QFT5d-R QFX5d-R  
200Ws  
Reflector  
400Ws  
226ft / 72m 226ft / 72m 320ft / 100m  
Normal QF60  
55˚  
70˚  
QF60 w/ flat diffuser  
128ft / 40m 128ft / 40m  
180ft / 56m  
180ft / 56m  
128ft / 40m  
QF67A Dome Diffuser  
QF68 Soft Box  
QF69 Mini Soft Box  
90˚  
128ft / 40m 128ft / 40m  
QF62Bs/g Bare Bulb Reflector  
QF63B Tele Reflector  
120˚  
20˚  
90ft / 28m  
90ft / 28m  
453ft / 143m 453ft / 143m 640ft / 202m  
Note to previous Qflash T, T2 ,X or X2 owners: There is no longer a “Wide”  
position for the reflectors. The only position is “Normal”. For wide angle  
coverage, use the included flat diffusers, or  
optional QF67A wide angle or Soft B
QF68 diffusers.  
5.3 Bounce and Swivel Head  
The head position is locked and can  
be changed with a single button (see  
diagram). Press and hold this button, th
adjust the head to the desired position.
the button, and slightly move the head u
“clicks” and locks the head into the verti
horizontal planes.  
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5.4 Bracket Mounting  
Qflash mounts with a 1/4-20 standard tripod thre
ets, light stands, and tripods. Many brackets
especially for Qflash by popular bracket manufa
Quantum has two optional brackets, mode
QF70US and QF70E. The instructions below  
describe mounting to both of these brackets  
and to other manufacturers brackets, light  
stands, and tripods.  
Two types of 1/4-20 fasteners screw/knob and  
a friction pad are supplied with Qflash. Place  
the friction pad between Qflash and the bracket
insert the knob/screw and tighten. (If the moun
surface has a pad, the friction pad is not nec
Note: Brackets vary in thickness - always make sure that  
the mounting knob/screw screws into Qflash at least two complete turns.  
5.5 Connecting Qflash to a Camera  
There are two ways to connect a Qflash to a camera- wired and wireless.  
For wired connection use either of these methods:  
• Connect a household two-prong sync cord (supplied) to the sync  
connector of Qflash.  
• Connect a QF series TTL adapter to the camera hot shoe.  
• Connect a D, Dw, or Dw-R series QTTL adapter to the camera hot shoe.  
• Connect a QF53 Hot Shoe sync to the camera.  
For wireless connection  
• Use the FreeXWire system. See Section 14 - Wireless Qflash Operation  
adapter models.  
Note: When using a household type (two-prong) sync cord, if you have  
difficulty getting the flash to fire, Remove the two-prong plug from the  
Qflash and reinsert it in the opposite direction. This changes the polarity  
of the Qflash to match the polarity of the camera.  
5.6 Powering Qflash  
Before turning on any power to Qflash always make all electrical  
connections first, both to the camera and to the power pack. Qflash  
“T” models are powered by any Quantum Turbo Battery including Turbo  
2x2, Turbo Compact, Turbo Z, and Turbo SC. Quantum “X” models are  
powered by the Quantum Qpaq system.  
Plug the Qflash power cable into the output connection of the appropriate  
power pack. Turn on Turbo or Qpaq power. Normally Qflash will be pow-  
ered up and ready to run.  
If a “Check Turbo” or “Check Power” message appears on the Qflash  
display, turn off the Turbo or Qpaq, wait one second, and turn it on again.  
If the message appears again, the power pack needs recharging. If a  
“Reset Flash?” message appears in the Qflash display press any button,  
except the Mode I button, to resume operation.  
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6. BASIC NAVIGATION  
This Section explains how to maneuver your way around the  
Qflash 5d-R  
Very Important Tips  
For consistent exposures with your digital camera and Qflash.  
• Always do a custom white balance before shooting  
• When shooting TTL use Aperture or Shutter priority or Manual  
camera modes  
• Set your metering area to center weight, partial metering  
instead of matrix or multi-spot metering.  
• Your Qflash provides 150 watt-seconds of power compared to  
50 watt-seconds of a typical shoe mount flash. When shooting  
6 ft. (2m) or closer, at ISO 200 or greater, with a wide open F/#,  
you must always diffuse the light. Otherwise your subject will  
be over-exposed.  
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7. COMMON FEATURES  
7.1 Flash Ready  
The Flash Ready indicator will  
blink while Qflash is recycling. It  
will stop blinking once the flash  
is ready to fire again, and the  
speaker will beep.  
If flash readiness is supported by the camera, then an LED or flash sym-  
bol will appear in the viewfinder when the flash is ready. Many cameras  
will automatically switch the shutter to the camera pre-defined flash sync  
speed.  
7.2 Display, Speaker, and Indicator Lights  
Qflash indicates the result of a flash exposure in Automatic and TTL/QTTL  
modes via the Display, Speaker and Flash Indicator Lights. The signals  
are shown in the table below:  
Flash exposure  
condition  
Speaker/  
Earphone  
Flash  
Display  
OK  
Indicator Lights  
Good exposure  
Under/Over  
one beep  
3“beeps  
rapid blink  
Undr or Over  
3 blinks, pause,  
3 blinks, pause…  
No flash  
No Flash  
long steady beep  
long steady on  
7.3 Sync Turn Off  
If you are using Qflash as an on camera flash and want to disable the  
flash for a few shots, you can use the ‘sync turn off’ feature. To prevent  
Qflash from firing, press Mode I twice. The word ‘OFF’ will appear in the  
display. To return to normal operation press any button (except Test M ).  
Other Qflashes connected to this on-camera flash, whether by cable or  
wirelessly, will fire (unless they also are turned off).  
This feature will only prevent the flash from firing, it will not turn off the  
Qflash or the Turbo. To completely turn off the Qflash the Turbo must be  
turned off.  
7.4 Rear Curtain Sync  
When using a QTTL Adapter, Qflash can fire the flash with the rear cur-  
tain (if supported by your camera). Rear curtain sync is selected with the  
switch located on the back of the QTTL Adapter. Set it to “R” for rear cur-  
tain, or “F” for front curtain. For some cameras rear curtain is controlled  
through a menu on the camera itself. For these cameras leave the switch  
in the “F” position. Consult your camera’s manual.  
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7.5 Auto Focus Assist  
The D/Dw/Dw-R series QTTL Adapters will project a beam whenever the  
camera is having difficulty focusing due to low light conditions. A local  
Qflash must be connected for this feature. Turn the auto focus assist  
switch of the QTTL Adapter to on ( ).  
Always turn the auto focus assist switch off () under any of the following  
conditions:  
When no Qflash is connected;  
When using Qflash models, T, T2, X or X2. These models do not  
support auto focus assist;  
When using a QF50 or QF51 extension cables.  
If the auto focus switch is not turned off for the above conditions, proper  
operation cannot be assured.  
8. BASIC OPTIONS  
You can cycle through the option menus in this section by pushing  
the Option button. Then select an option to change by pressing the  
Set G button until the option you want to change blinks. Then use the  
Up J/Down L buttons to make the change.  
Option Menu 1:  
8.1 Flash Sensor Limit for Auto Mode  
Flash sensor limit is an option that limits the distance that the sensor  
“sees” when the Qflash is in Auto mode. This option is described in detail  
in section 10.  
Speaker  
You may want the speaker off for sensitive shooting, or turn it on for audi-  
ble confirmation of flash exposure. The earphone signals always sound  
whether the speaker function is set on or off.  
Flash Indicator Lights  
The red Flash Indicators on four sides of Qflash give visual indication that  
a flash fired, weather the exposure was good, over, under, or no flash, indi-  
cating that the flash did not fire. You can enable or disable the lights.  
Reflector settings  
Setting the reflector type is important so that the displayed distance, guide  
number and f/# correspond to the reflector in use. The choices are NORM  
(for the reflector supplied with Qflash), DIFF (for diffusers supplied with  
Qflash, and optional QF67A wide-angle diffuser or softbox QF68), BBE  
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(optional Bare Bulb Enhancers QF62Bs and QF62Bg) and TELE (for  
optional QF63B Tele photo reflector). The reflectors must be repositioned  
manually.  
Notes:  
When using QF62B s/g the manual parameters are accurate only for an  
open area. In medium and small rooms the very widely dispersed light will  
bounce off nearby walls and increase exposure. A practical solution when  
using QF62B in small rooms is to meter the light, or use Auto, TTL, or QTTL  
modes which will provide better exposures and attractive, soft lighting.  
When using a Telephoto Reflector QF63B the Auto mode cannot be used  
because the flash sensor is blocked. Use Manual, TTL, QTTL, Strobo or  
Linked modes.  
Use “B” series reflectors (QF61B, QF62B g/s, QF63B) with Qflash 5d-R.  
The standard QF60B reflector mounts to Qflash 5d-R as well.  
Distance Units  
Set your preference for the display of metric (M) or US distance (Ft) units.  
Guide numbers also change accordingly.  
8.2 Option Menu 2:  
Exposure Compensation  
Quantum calibrates Qflashes to American National Standards Institute  
(ANSI) standards with laboratory equipment traceable to the National  
Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). From time to time, photog-  
raphers may wish to fine tune Qflash exposures to match their exposure  
meters, to compensate for variations in cameras or films, to match partic-  
ular styles, for effects, or for individual taste.  
There are two compensations available- one for Manual and one for  
Auto mode. In QTTL modes Qflash does not control exposure and  
compensation will not apply. The compensation also does not apply  
whenever Wireless or Wired appears in the display.  
8.2.1 Setting Compensation  
Press Set G until the compensation you wish to change blinks. Adjust com-  
pensation Up J/Down L in 1/3 steps up to +2 or -2 stops. All exposures  
for that mode will be compensated by the amount selected. You cannot limit  
compensation settings to individual programs in program mode.  
For calibration to a particular light meter you may use the procedures  
below. It is very important to note the meter measurement type  
(incident, reflected) used for each procedure!  
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8.2.2 Manual mode Qflash Compensation  
This procedure will calibrate  
Qflash to an incident light flash  
meter you use and trust. Note  
that only incident light measure-  
ments are reliable for manual  
exposure settings.  
1. Place the Qflash 10 feet from the incident light flash meter facing  
Qflash.  
2. The area surrounding the meter and flash should be similar to the  
shooting environment you usually work in. For example, in a large hall,  
there will be little light bouncing from walls and ceilings. In a small room,  
the light meter reading will be increased by whatever bounce occurs  
from nearby surfaces. These factors will affect calibration and should be  
considered.  
3 Turn Qflash on and change the manual power setting to 1/8.  
4. Set the film speed on the flash and the flash meter to the same value.  
5. Change the F number on the flash until the distance shown in the  
display is 10 feet.  
6. Fire Qflash. Push the the Option button, until the compensation  
display appears.  
7. Use the Set G and Up J/Down L buttons to adjust compensation until  
the f/number in the display matches the f the f/number on the meter.  
The light output can be increased or decreased by as much as 2 stops  
in 1/3 steps.  
8.2.3 Auto mode Qflash Compensation  
This procedure will calibrate Qflash to a reflected light flash meter you use  
and trust. Note that only reflected  
light measurements are reliable for  
auto exposure settings.  
This is because auto mode flash-  
es read reflected light from the  
scene and subject. In order to  
compare those readings to  
a meter, the meter must also be  
reading the same reflected light.  
The reflected light is affected by  
the subject and background, and an incident light reading will not typically  
provide the same reading (unless the subject is an 18% gray card).  
1. Place the Qflash 10 feet from a blank wall. The wall should be larger  
than the metering area of the meter, and preferably a wall of continuous  
tone (blank wall).  
2. Place flash meter next to Qflash, also facing the blank wall. Be sure to  
set the flash meter for a reflected reading.  
3. Turn Qflash on and change the f/ number to F8.0  
4. Set the film speed on the flash and the flash meter to the same value.  
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5. Fire Qflash. Push the the Option button, until the compensation dis  
play appears.  
6. Use the Set G and Up J button to increase light output (if flash meter  
reads less than F 8.0), or the Down L button to decrease light output  
(if flash meter reads more than F 8.0). The light output can be increased  
or decreased by as much as 2 stops in 1/3 steps.  
8.3 Option Menu 3  
FW7Q Zone Control  
This option menu is only available when a FW7Q is attached to the Qflash.  
With this option menu you can access the zone and the range settings of  
the FW7Q.  
You can enter this menu by pushing the Option button until it shows up  
on the Qflash’s display. The Set G button will cycle through the available  
settings. Use the Up J/Down L buttons to make a change.  
8.4 Restoring Factory settings  
Qflash options and settings are preset at the factory. You can restore the  
factory settings by the following method:  
1. Turn Turbo or Qpaq OFF. Connect Qflash to Turbo or Qpaq.  
2. Press and hold any button (except Test M ).  
3. Turn Turbo or Qpaq ON.  
4. The Qflash will display a reset message.  
5. Press Mode I to reset the Qflash and restore the factory settings.  
If you push any other button or fail to push the Mode I button within 4 sec-  
onds, the Factory settings will not be restored.  
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9. MANUAL MODE OPERATION  
The camera exposure may be set to any mode, and Qflash will emit  
the fixed amount of light shown on its display.  
9.1 Manual Mode with sync only connection  
Power, F/number, ISO are all user adjustable. The Set G button will cycle  
through them in that order.  
Power settings are adjustable in 1/3 steps from full power to 1/64th power  
like this: 1/1, 1/1-, 1/2+, 1/2 ,1/2- …… 1/32, 1/32-, 1/64+, 1/64. Using ISO  
and Aperture settings, Qflash calculates the optimal flash distance. Match  
these settings to your camera’s film speed and aperture.  
Flash Compensation setting allows you to fine tune your Qflash in manu-  
al mode from +2 to –2 stops in 1/3 step increments.  
For model X5d-R only there is an additional Manual setting for 200/400  
watt seconds, which can be set in the option menu.  
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9.2 Manual mode with QTTL adapter connection  
With a QTTL adapter the camera controls the f/# and ISO shown on the  
display - you cannot change it on Qflash. The camera also selects its shut-  
ter speed consistent with flash exposure. The camera exposure may be  
set to manual, aperture or shutter priority.  
The power level is set on the Qflash. Qflash will emit the fixed amount of  
light shown on its display, and the distance shown corresponds to the sub-  
ject distance for good exposure for the f/# set on the camera.  
The following QTTL features are available: Front or Rear curtain sync,  
Auto focus assist, and Ready light.  
9.3 Manual shooting made easy  
Nothing can beat the combination of a flash meter and a flash set manu-  
ally. Automatic and TTL are a compromise based on the need for speed.  
Setting the flash for a manual power setting and taking an incident meter  
reading takes time and resources the average photographer may not  
have. So we use automatic flash exposure and know that in some situa-  
tions the sensor may be fooled.  
The Qflash 5d-R allows for easy manual shooting without metering. Below  
is an example of how this is accomplished.  
In this example Qflash will produce an F8.0  
at the subject (8 ft), and it will be quickly  
accomplished without metering.  
Start by selecting the F number and Film  
speed you are using on your camera. If you  
have connected a QTTL adapter these are  
already chosen for you. Now adjust the  
power setting until the Qflash distance  
shown matches the subject distance as  
closely as possible.  
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Reminder: If the distance to the subject changes (you move in for a head  
shot, or move out for a full length) you must change the flash distance  
readout by changing the power setting.  
10. AUTOMATIC MODE OPERATION  
The preferred setup for Auto Mode is to connect Qflash to a camera  
with a QTTL (D, Dw, or Dw-R series) Adapter. Then, the ISO and f/#  
settings of the camera are set and displayed on the Qflash panel.  
Qflash will display “Auto Fill” indicating that fill/flash ratio may be  
set on the QTTL Adapter. The camera may be set to manual, shutter  
or aperture priority, however light output is controlled by Qflash.  
10.1 Automatic Mode with Sync only Connection  
Using only a plain sync cord, Qflash displays “Auto” Mode. F/# and  
ISO are set on the Qflash display manually. Press Set G to select  
f/#, then press the Up J/Down L keys to change the setting. Similarly,  
press Set G twice to select ISO and change it.  
Flash distance displays the working distance between your Qflash and  
Subject based on the current settings. Moving outside this range may  
result in an Under or Overexposed picture.  
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10.2 Auto mode exposure indications  
There are three types of exposure indications. The display will blink either  
OK, Over, or Undr. The display will also indicate how much over or under  
the last exposure was, from +3 stops to -3 stops. If an arrow appears then  
the exposure error is more than 3 stops (for example -3  
).  
If activated in Options (Section 8.2) the Speaker will sound after a flash.  
The audible signal is one “beep” for “OK and ready”, and three “beeps” for  
“Undr” or “Over”.  
10.3 Auto Fill (Auto mode with QTTL adapter)  
Auto Fill is useful when you prefer to control exposure with the Qflash  
sensor, instead of a camera’s own TTL or pre-flash metering. Many  
photographers find that Auto Fill mode provides more consistent expo-  
sures for digital cameras.  
Fill flash ratio may be set using the “Fill” dial on the QTTL adapter. Choose  
any setting from –3 stops below to +2 stops above the camera’s aperture,  
in 1/3 stop increments. As the aperture of the camera changes Qflash will  
adjust it’s output to keep the ratio that has been selected.  
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Error messages will appear if you choose a fill ratio which is out of range  
of the flash. The error indications are:  
“OUT OF RANGE - DECREASE FILL OR F#”  
For example, the camera is set to F16 and QTTL fill flash is set to +2 stops.  
Either decrease the f/# on the camera or decrease the fill flash ratio on the  
QTTL adapter.  
“OUT OF RANGE - INCREASE FILL OR F#”  
For example, the camera is set to F2.8 and QTTL fill flash is set to –3  
stops. Increase the f/# on the camera or increase the fill flash ratio on the  
QTTL adapter.  
Once the adjustment is made and Qflash returns to an acceptable range,  
the display will revert to the usual Auto Fill information.  
QTTL Fill Dial  
10.4 Auto Sensor Limit  
Setting Qflash to Auto exposure makes picture taking fast and easy.  
However, an automatic flash has a flaw: the sensor on the flash expects  
the subject to be wide, flat, and fill the view of the sensor. A person  
standing against a wall fits this description; people in a catering hall or  
in a park at night do not. When the background is located far behind the  
subject, the automatic flash struggles to produce even lighting. The  
result is often an over exposed subject, sometimes by as much as two  
stops. When a photo lab develops film with a greatly over exposed sub-  
ject, it will ‘print down’ to bring the flesh tones back into range. Or, time  
will be spent adjusting a digital image, with the resultant loss of detail  
and image quality.  
To solve this problem use the Flash sensor limit.  
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QFT5D INSTRUCTIONS 10/5/06 10:27 AM Page 21  
10.5 Setting the Sensor Limit:  
Press Option button to bring up this menu. Push Set G once. The sen-  
sor limit will blink. Use Up J/Down L buttons to change the sensor limit.  
The available limits are:  
- No limit placed on sensor distance  
20ft / 6m,  
15ft / 4m,  
10ft / 3m,  
5ft / 2m,  
When the Flash Sensor Limit is set to the flash will produce the desired  
f/# for a subject within the flash’s minimum and maximum flash distance.  
With Auto Sensor Limit turned on, a ‘Limit’ indicator is activated. After a  
flash, if the subject’s distance exceeds the sensor limit currently set (5, 10,  
15 or 20ft. / 2, 3, 4, 6m) the word ‘Limit’ will appear in the display. Three  
beeps and/or 3 blink warning may also occur (if those features are set in  
Options). If the subject is within the current sensor limit normal exposure  
indicators (OK, Undr, Over) will apply.  
10.6 Quick turn ON / OFF of Sensor Limit  
There are times you may want to quickly change from a Sensor Limit dis-  
tance, to no sensor limit [ ]. For example, at a wedding reception you  
may shoot close up from 5’ with no background, and next shoot a group  
shot from 25’.  
To set or cancel a sensor limit quickly: Press the Option button until you  
bring up the menu with the Sensor limit setting. Then, without pressing the  
Set G button, use the Up J/Down L buttons to toggle between maximum  
sensor limit [ ] and the last sensor limit set (in the procedure above).  
You can also use Program (Section 13) to preset the sensor limits you  
want. Then, just toggle between them using the Up J/Down L buttons.  
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10.7 Using the Sensor Limit  
The flash Sensor Limit function essentially cuts down on the distance that  
Qflash attempts to illuminate. See the examples shown below.  
Open field  
The subject is located 15 feet from the  
camera. The background is an open  
field in a park. By setting the Sensor  
Limit to 15 feet, the flash will read only  
the light from subjects within 15 feet,  
ignoring anything further.  
Two subjects separated by a gap  
Sometimes two subjects are sepa-  
rated by a gap. When this occurs the  
sensor is ‘looking’ between the two  
subjects and may miss them. The  
Sensor Limit will correct for this by  
reading only the light from objects  
within the limit set, in this case, 15  
feet. The light from objects further  
away will be ignored.  
With the Sensor Limit it is no longer  
necessary for the subject to be cen-  
tered in the frame. As long as the  
subject is within the Sensor Limit it  
will be lit properly.  
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11. TTL and QTTL MODE OPERATION  
TTL Mode  
TTL mode may be used when the camera exposure is set to manual, aper-  
ture or shutter priority, or program mode, and Qflash is connected to the  
camera with a compatible QF series Adapter. The camera will determine  
flash exposure. The listing for compatible QF series TTL adapters is avail-  
generally not compatible with digital cameras.  
The exposure indications for TTL mode are similar to those of Auto mode  
with one exception. The amount of under or over exposure will not be  
shown in the display.  
QTTL mode  
When using a D, Dw, or Dw-R series QTTL adapter, “TTL” is replaced by  
”QTTL” on the Qflash display. QTTL mode has all the features of the Auto  
Fill mode including adjustment of fill ratio. The difference is that QTTL  
mode lets the camera, not Qflash, control exposure.  
Set your camera to manual, aperture or shutter priority, or program mode  
for QTTL dedication to Qflash 5d-R.  
Some cameras allow compensation (+/-) for flash/fill ratio. Qflash 5d-R  
flash/fill can also be set on the QTTL adapter using the “Fill” dial. Choose  
any setting from –3 stops below to +2 stops above the camera’s aperture,  
in 1/3 stop increments. When desiring flash/fill ratio use either the camera  
setting or the QTTL adapter setting, but not both.  
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QFT5D INSTRUCTIONS 10/5/06 10:27 AM Page 24  
12. STROBOSCOPIC MODE OPERATION  
Press the Set G to cycle through Frequency, Number of Flashes, and  
Strobo Power, in that order.  
Connect a sync cord or any Quantum QF, D, Dw, or Dw-R series Adapter  
to the camera. After the flash has finished firing a confirmation message  
will be displayed. The flash will display the actual number of flashes fired.  
Strobo is a manual exposure mode. Over and Under exposures are not  
indicated.  
13. PROGRAM MODE OPERATION  
The Program mode allows you to store your favorite settings and set-ups  
and then quickly recall them just by pressing the Up J/Down L buttons.  
Program up to 8 Qflash set-ups of Manual, Auto, or TTL operation, includ-  
ing settings for all parameters.  
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QFT5D INSTRUCTIONS 10/5/06 10:27 AM Page 25  
Your Qflash is factory preset with several Programs (which you are free to  
change). To view them, press Mode I, then Up J/Down L until you see  
the Program mode displayed, like above. After the “P” stops blinking, press  
the Up J/Down L buttons to switch to the next higher, or lower program  
number. (Programs which have not been preset are considered “clear” and  
will be skipped).  
How to set up or change a Program  
While in the Program mode, press the Set G button. The program number  
will blink, and the Up J/Down L buttons will select the program number  
you wish to set or change. All program numbers will be displayed this way,  
even those that are “clear”.  
Press Set G again (or press it twice if the Program number stopped blink-  
ing). The mode (Manual, Auto, TTL, etc.) will be blinking. Up J/Down L  
to select your flash mode for this program.  
Once your flash mode is selected keep pressing Set G to choose param-  
eters to program. To change any settings use the same procedures used  
for Manual, Auto, TTL, or Wireless/Wired modes.  
There are times when you will want to “clear” a Program from memory.  
Clearing unwanted programs allows for quicker switching between  
stored programs during actual shoots. For example, if you need just  
3 Programs for a job, and you clear out the other 5 Program numbers,  
you will cycle through just the 3 Programs you want for a shoot, using the  
Up J/Down L buttons.  
To clear out a Program  
Start in the Program number you wish to clear. Press Set G until  
the ‘mode’ blinks in the display. Press Up J/Down L until the word  
CLEAR appears. After several seconds the display will stop blinking  
and the program will be cleared from memory. Note: You can never clear  
out Program 1.  
14. WIRELESS QFLASH OPERATION  
WITH FreeXWire  
Qflash 5d-R are capable of wireless operation using one or more units  
connected to FreeXWire radios. Depending upon your needs, select one  
of the operating modes below. There are also additional combinations of  
modes that are possible for Local and Remote wireless Qflash operation  
which are detailed in the chart of Section 14.5  
Important: Note the series of FreeXWires and QTTL Adapters indi-  
cated in each setup to be assured of proper operation.  
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QFT5D INSTRUCTIONS 10/5/06 10:27 AM Page 26  
14.1 QTTLw - Wireless TTL mode  
QTTLw mode gives exposure control of all Qflashes to your camera’s pre-  
flash evaluative TTL metering system. Both Local (on-camera) and  
Remote Qflashes will produce the same exposure. The Fill ratio can be  
adjusted on the QTTL adapter (or on the camera, if available). However,  
use only one Fill compensation at a time.  
Set the camera modes: Choose manual, aperture priority, or shutter  
priority on your camera. Program mode may be selected, although the  
camera will make decisions that reduce your control of lighting.  
14.1.1 A Local Qflash is optional.  
If a local Qflash is attached to  
the camera, Press Mode I, the  
Up J/Down L until “QTTL” or  
“QTTLw” appears on the display.  
Note: “QTTLw” will appear after the  
QTTL adapter has established com-  
munication with the camera. This occurs when the camera shutter is  
pressed 1/2 way.  
14.1.2 Set up the Remote Qflash(s)  
Connect a FreeXWire receiver to the  
remote Qflash(s). FreeXWire model  
FW7Q connects directly to Qflash;  
models FW8R or FW10w require an  
FW31 cable for connection.  
Press Mode I on the Remote Qflash, then press the Up J/Down L but-  
tons until the display shows “Linked to Local”.  
14.2 QTTLwR - Wireless Multiple Flash Ratio TTL mode  
QTTLwR mode provides the photographer with the ability to set three  
zones of flash exposure, each with different amounts of exposure offset  
from the camera’s TTL system. The three available flash zones are : Local,  
Group R1, Group R2. Any number of Qflashes can be employed in each  
of the 3 groups. For example, an on-camera flash could be set 1.3 stops  
down (Local), two main flashes on the left to +1 stop (Group R1), and a  
hairlight to –2 stops from the camera TTL exposure (Group R2). The actu-  
al settings could be whatever you wish within +/- 3 stops.  
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QFT5D INSTRUCTIONS 10/5/06 10:27 AM Page 27  
Set the camera modes: Choose manual, aperture priority, or shutter pri-  
ority on your camera. Program mode may be selected, although the cam-  
era will make decisions that reduce your control.  
14.2.1 Always set up the Remote Qflash(s) first  
Connect a FreeXWire receiver to  
the remote Qflash(s). FreeXWire  
model FW7Q connects directly to  
Qflash; models FW8R or FW10w  
require an FW31 cable for connec-  
tion.  
To set a Remote flash to the  
Local group: Press Mode I, then  
Up J/Down L until the display  
shows “Linked to Local”. This  
Remote Qflash exposure will be the  
same as the Local, on-camera  
Qflash.  
To set a Remote flash to the Group  
R1 or Group R2: Press Mode I,  
then Up J/Down L until the dis-  
play shows “Wireless Group R1”  
or “Wireless Group R2”.  
“QTTLwR” will appear on the  
Remote display only when the Local Qflash is set up. If QTTLwR does not  
appear press Mode I on the Local Qflash 3 times to re-sync the Local  
Qflash with the Remotes. Also check that the FreeXWire units are con-  
nected properly and turned on.  
Continue setting all the Remote Qflashes to one of the three Groups.  
There is no limit to the number of Qflashes in each Group.  
14.2.2 A Local, on-camera flash is required  
Press Mode I, then Up J/Down L until “QTTLwR” appears in the dis-  
play. You have the ability to turn Remote flash Group R1 or R2, ON / OFF,  
and the ability to set offset ratios for these groups. Note: “QTTLwR” will  
appear after the QTTL adapter has established communication with the  
camera. This occurs when the camera shutter is pressed 1/2 way.  
Press the Set G button until ON/OFF next to flash Group R1, or R2, blinks.  
Use the Up J/Down L buttons to turn the flash Groups ON or OFF. Next,  
press the Set Gbutton until the offset amount blinks (0, -1, -13, etc.). Use  
the Up J/Down L buttons to select the desired setting.  
The Local Group flash ratio can be set with the Fill dial on the QTTL  
Adapter. Use only series DwR QTTL Adapters. The amount of Fill offset  
shows on the Local Qflash display.  
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QFT5D INSTRUCTIONS 10/5/06 10:27 AM Page 28  
14.3 Wireless Auto Fill  
Wireless Auto Fill mode has several useful features. It can add light ratio  
capability to non-TTL cameras. With digital cameras Auto Fill mode can  
decrease the delay between shutter release and image capture, compared  
to the camera system’s TTL control. And, Auto Fill with Qflash sensor con-  
trol lets the photographer fine tune flash exposure for her/his particular  
needs without being locked into camera TTL exposure.  
Set the camera modes: Manual, aperture priority, or shutter priority.  
Program mode may be selected, although the camera will make decisions  
that reduce your control of the shots.  
14.3.1 A local, on-camera flash is optional.  
To change the linked value Press the Set G button once. Use the  
Up J/Down L buttons to select the desired option. To change the Fill  
value use the Fill dial located on top of the QTTL adapter.  
14.3.2 Set up the Mode of the Remote Qflash(s)  
Connect a FreeXWire receiver to the  
remote Qflash(s). FreeXWire model  
FW7Q connects directly to Qflash; models  
FW8R or FW10w require an FW31 cable  
for connection.  
To set a Remote flash to the Local  
group: Press Mode I, then “Linked  
to Local”. This Remote Qflash  
exposure will be the same as the  
Local, on-camera Qflash.  
If you are not using a Local on-  
camera Qflash: Press Mode I,  
then Up J/Down L until the display  
shows “Wireless Auto Fill”.  
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14.4 Wireless Control Mode  
Wireless Control mode can achieve the most control over wireless Remote  
Qflashes. From the camera position you can change the modes, settings,  
as well as the fill ratios, of Wireless Groups R1 and R2. Wireless Control  
mode has the disadvantage, however, of being slower to react than  
QTTLwR mode. This is because much more information has to be trans-  
mitted to the Remote Qlfashes.  
Use Wireless Control mode for maximum control over Remote Qflashes.  
Select QTTLwR for faster reactions to changes in lighting ratios only.  
14.4.1 A Local Qflash is required.  
Press the Mode I button on  
the Local Qflash and use the  
Up J/Down L button to select  
“Wireless Control.” The display will  
show the data for Control (C) and  
Group R1 and Group R2.  
Next, from the Local Qflash panel, select the settings for the Remote  
Qflashes.  
Press Set G until either “C”, “R1” or “R2” blinks in the display.  
If necessary, press Up _or Down _ until “R1” blinks to set the  
parameters for Group R1, or until “R2” blinks for Group R2.  
Press Set G again and the Mode of R1 or R2 will blink.  
Use the Up J/Down L buttons to select the Mode of the Remote Qflash.  
Press Set G again to set the parameters of the Mode selected.  
Press Set G again and the word SEND will appear next to the data for  
R1 or R2. The Control Qflash is now sending the data to the Remote  
Qflash.  
* A QTTLAdapter is not required. If one is used it provides all Qflashes with  
ISO and F# setings from the camera. Set a fill/flash ratio (for the Control  
Group only) with the “Fill” dial on the Adapter. Fill ratio applies only in TTL  
and Auto modes.  
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14.4.2 Set up the Remote Qflash Groups  
Any number of Remote Qflashes may be used. Set each the Mode of each  
Remote to either Wireless Group R1 or R2, or Linked to Local, using the  
Mode I and Up J/Down L controls on each Remote Qflash.  
The displays on the  
Remote Qflashes will  
update when the word  
SEND appears on the  
Local Qflash.  
14.4.3 Wireless Control Mode – Important Notes  
Qflash cannot fire while sending data to wireless Remotes, or when the  
display is blinking. To speed up data transmission, press Set G on the  
Control Qflash until SEND appears in the display to make Qflashes  
ready.  
When using a QTTL adapter, the camera settings for f/# and ISO will  
appear on the Control Qflash display. Generally, to update the camera  
settings, press the camera shutter 1/2 way (to wake up the camera or  
metering function). The Qflash display will then update to the current  
camera settings. (On some cameras updating takes place automatically).  
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QFT5D INSTRUCTIONS 10/5/06 10:27 AM Page 31  
14.5 Available Modes and Features of Qflash Wireless Operation  
In addition to the setups described in Section 14.1, 14.2 and 14.3, other  
combination of modes are possible for Local and Remote Qlfashes. In the  
table below, pay particular attention to the models of FreeXWires and  
QTTL adapters required to achieve the results in the chart. We recom-  
mend some testing when using one of the combinations of operating  
modes before shooting an assignment.  
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QFT5D INSTRUCTIONS 10/5/06 10:27 AM Page 32  
14.6 SYNC only setup  
By employing this type of setup each Qflash operates independently of the  
others. This is the simplest and most straightforward way of using multi-  
ple, wireless Qflashes.  
For independent Qflash operation the Qflashes must be in Manual,  
Auto (Auto Fill), or Strobo. If any one of the Qflashes is in TTL, QTTL, or  
Wireless, the Qflashes will no longer behave independently.  
Example of independent Qflash operation  
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QFT5D INSTRUCTIONS 10/5/06 10:27 AM Page 33  
15. WIRED CONTROL MODE  
Qflash’s Wired Control Mode is a versatile tool for precise lighting control.  
One Qflash is designated as the “Control”, and from its panel the photog-  
rapher can change the modes or settings on one or two “Remote”  
Qflashes.  
The physical setup for Control Mode is shown below. The camera adapter  
must be a QTTL series D, Dw, or Dw-R series:  
Wired Control  
The basic steps for Wired Control Mode setup are:  
Set the on-camera flash to Wired Control. Usually this is the one at the  
camera. Connect a QTTL Adapter (D, Dw, or Dw-R series).  
Using the Control Qflash panel, select the operating Mode and settings  
for Control, Remote 1 and/or 2.  
15.1 Set up the Control Unit  
The number of Qflashes can be 2 or 3. Turn on all Qflashes. The Qflash  
displays will prompt you to select the Control flash for the “Wired Control”  
setup. Press the Mode I button on the Qflash that you want to be the  
Control Qflash (usually the one at the camera).  
The display will change to ”Wired Control”, and show the data for Remote  
1 ( R1 ) and Remote 2 ( R2 ).  
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QFT5D INSTRUCTIONS 10/5/06 10:27 AM Page 34  
The displays of the two Remote Qflashes will automatically change to R1  
and R2.  
15.2  
Select the Mode and settings for all flashes  
Always select the settings you desire for the Control Qflash first. Those  
settings determine the choices you have for the Remotes.  
• Press Set G until “C” is blinking. (If “R1” or “R2” is blinking instead,  
press the Up J/Down L buttons until “C” blinks).  
• Press Set G again. The mode of the Control flash will blink.  
Use the Up J/Down L buttons to select the mode. The choices are Man,  
Auto, QTTL and OFF* (see 15.3 – Wireless Setup - Important Notes)  
• Press Set G again to set the parameters for the mode selected. For  
example, power (1/64 to 1/1) for Man, F# for Auto, etc. There are no  
settings for TTL or OFF modes.  
• Set the fill/flash ratio. To change the ratio, turn the “Fill” dial on the  
QTTL adapter.  
Next, from the Control Qflash panel, select the settings for the Remote  
Qflash(s):  
• Press Set G until either “C”, “R1” or “R2” blinks in the display.  
If necessary, press Up J/Down L until “R1” blinks to set the  
parameters for Remote 1, or until “R2” blinks for Remote 2.  
• Press Set G again and the Mode of R1 or R2 will blink.  
Use the Up J/Down L buttons to select the Mode of the Remote Qflash.  
• Press Set G again to set the parameters of the Mode selected.  
15.3 Selecting a different flash as the control flash  
To select a different flash as the control, press the Mode I button on the  
Control Qflash and use the Up J/Down L button. The Qflash displays will  
prompt you to select the Control flash for the “Wired Control” setup. Press  
the Mode I button on the Qflash that you want to be the Control Qflash.  
15.4 Changing Remote 1 to Remote 2 or Remote 2 to Remote 1  
Press the Mode I button on the Remote Qflash and use the Up J/Down  
L button to change from Remote 1 to Remote2.  
Note : If there is already a Remote 2 Qflash connected, it will automatical-  
ly change to Remote 1  
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16. TYPICAL LIGHTING SITUATIONS  
This section covers some typical lighting situations that photographers find  
themselves in. Here is how Qflash can help.  
16.1 Portrait  
Setting up a 3:1 portrait ratio (or any other ratio) has always been time  
consuming. It is usually accomplished with three flashes: Main, Fill,  
Background set to manual. Each flash needs to be adjusted and metered  
separately. If the Main is in an umbrella or soft box this becomes even  
more time consuming.  
The Qflash ‘Wireless Control’ mode (with a FreeXWire) or ‘Wired Control’  
mode (with a QF50 cable) provides a method for setting up portrait light-  
ing which takes only a few moments. See Section 15 for details of the  
Control Modes.  
Set the Qflashes as shown in  
the diagram to the right.  
Place the camera at the Fill  
Qflash position. The Main  
Qflash can be placed in an  
umbrella or soft box.  
Once the Qflashes are  
set up, make the fol-  
lowing settings to the  
Control Qflash:  
Now the system is set up for perfect portrait lighting, with no metering  
needed. The on-camera Qflash (Control) which is producing a flat light will  
shut off one stop below the lens setting (Fill). Remote 1 Qflash will pro-  
duce a light from the left (loop lighting) that is equal to the lens setting  
(Main). This will achieve the portrait 3:1 ratio. The ratio can be adjusted  
by changing the F number of the Control Qflash and the linked ratio.  
For a ratio of 5:1 set the F number of the Control Qflash to 2 stops below  
the lens setting, and set the Linked ratio to +2.  
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16.2 Wireless lighting ratios made easy  
When using multiple lights to light a subject it’s very easy to set up a light-  
ing ratio between the
stops to +3 stops.  
Equipment needed:  
• One Qflash 5d-R  
• One Qflash  
(any version)  
located to the right  
of the subject  
• Two FreeXWires  
• Two QF30 cables  
• Two Quantum  
Turbo batteries  
Set up:  
• Connect the equipm
• Set the Main flash to
• Set the Fill flash, loc
position to Auto modl
F number set on the camera. Typically it is set to one stop under the  
camera’s aperture, but can be as low as 2-1/2 stops under.  
• Next Adjust the Linked ratio for the difference between Fill flash and the  
camera’s aperture.  
Example. If the camera is set for F8.0, and the Fill is set for F5.6, the Linked  
ratio needs to be set to +1 ( the camera is one stop higher than the Fill)  
16.3 Lighting ratios using a control cable  
This set up is similar to the wire-  
less one above, only Qflashes  
are connected with QF50  
cables instead of FreeXWires.  
Equipment needed:  
• One Qflash 5d-R located  
at camera position  
• One Qflash / 2/ 2d/4d/5d  
located to the right of the  
subject  
• One QF50 control cable  
• Two Quantum Turbo batteries  
Set up: Same set up as above.  
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QFT5D INSTRUCTIONS 10/5/06 10:27 AM Page 37  
11. CUSTOMER SERVICE  
Having any trouble in using your Quantum product? We are here to help.  
Mail, call, fax, or email our Service Department:  
Service Department  
Quantum Instruments  
10 Commerce Drive  
Hauppauge, NY 11788  
Tel: (631) 656-7400  
Fax: (631) 656-7410  
Support, FAQ. If you suspect a malfunction or require adjustment, return  
the unit to us with an accurate description of the problem. Please be sure  
your problem is not caused by improper operating procedure or malfunc-  
tions in your other equipment. Send all equipment carefully packaged and  
insured to our address above.  
An estimate of repair cost on out-of-warranty merchandise may be for-  
warded if you desire. This will require that we contact you for approval  
before proceeding and will delay return of your equipment. For fastest  
repair time, you may pre-approve repairs up to a limit of $85 with your  
credit card. We will bill you only for actual costs up to that limit. If repair  
costs exceed your pre-approval, we will contact you.  
Paying by check will delay the repair until the check clears (up to 15 days).  
Payment by money order is acceptable.  
Normal repair time is 10-15 days. For expedited service, contact our  
Service Department.  
Summary:  
Ship via UPS, Parcel Post, or other carrier, insured.  
Give a clear, detailed description of the problem.  
Give your mailing address and daytime phone number, fax #,  
and/or email.  
For warranty repairs include a copy of the receipt.  
In addition, for out-of-warranty repairs with pre-approval:  
Provide your Visa, MasterCharge, or American Express card # and  
expiration date.  
Give us authority to charge repair costs up to $85.00.  
Provide your billing address.  
Note: Please do not e-mail your credit card information  
LIMITED WARRANTY  
Quantum products have a 1 year limited warranty. Please refer to the  
Limited Warranty card for complete details, conditions, and terms.  
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QFT5D INSTRUCTIONS 10/5/06 10:27 AM Page 38  
Qflash ACCESSORIES  
QF63T / QF36X  
REMOTE FLASH  
HEAD  
QFT2/X2  
QFT2d/X2d  
QFT4d/X4d  
QFT5d/X5d  
QF68 SOFTBOX  
QF69 FOLDING SOFT BOX  
& HOT SPOT REDUCER  
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QFT5D INSTRUCTIONS 10/5/06 10:27 AM Page 39  
OTHER QUANTUM PRODUCTS  
TURBO 2X2  
TURBO COMPACT  
QNEXUS  
FW7Q  
TURBO SC  
FREE WIRE™  
RADIO SLAVE  
X
35  
QFT5D INSTRUCTIONS 10/5/06 10:27 AM Page 40  
Quantum Instruments, Inc  
10 Commerce Drive, Hauppauge NY 11788-3968 USA  
Tel: 1-631-656-7400  
Fax: 1-631-656-7410  
P635  

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