Toro Dryer Accessories 99051SL User Manual

Commercial Products

Hydraulicꢀ

Filtersꢀ

OEM Vs. Will-Fitꢀ

PART NO. 99051SL

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Hydraulic Oil Filtersꢀ

Table of Contentsꢀ

Contamination .................................................................................................................2ꢀ

Filter comparison.............................................................................................................4ꢀ

Filter Ratings ...................................................................................................................4ꢀ

Use of This Manual

The information contained in this manual is supplementary to material found in other

sources, it is not a replacement for them. You should always consult Service Manuals,

Service Bulletins, Operator’s Manuals and Parts Books when necessary.

Service Manual Updates and Service Bulletins can be found on the internet at:

www.toro.com/golf/custsvc.html

This Manual and the training program, which it supports, are both designed to help you

gain knowledge of the product, and to inform you of when and why to make the necessary

repairs. We have also included tips for performing those repairs.

This program is designed for you. Your input and participation is appreciated.

There is plenty of space in this manual for you to add your own notes and observations

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Hydraulic Oil Filtersꢀ

There are a lot of filter suppliers currently

manufacturing and selling filters for turf mowing

equipment. Through this program we will try to

explain the differences between "will-fit" filters and

genuine OEM filters.

Hydraulic Filters

OEM vs. Will Fit

Commercial Products

First lets look at hydraulic system failures. It isꢀ

believed that over 75% of all hydraulic systemꢀ

failures are caused by contamination.ꢀ

Contamination Causes Most Hydraulic

System Failures

These failures cost your business money throughꢀ

lost production, the unit is down.ꢀ

There is cost associated with replacing the failedꢀ

component.ꢀ

And if the oil is contaminated to the point that itꢀ

needs to be replaced early, that to will addꢀ

additional operating costs.ꢀ

• Over 75% of all Hydraulic System failures are a

direct result of contamination.

• Increased repair cost resulting from:

– Loss of Production (down time)

– Component Replacement Costs

– More Frequent Fluid Replacement (And Disposal)

All of these costs can be avoided by properlyꢀ

maintaining the equipment and keeping theꢀ

hydraulic oil clean.ꢀ

Contamination in the oil can inhibit the four mainꢀ

function of the oil.ꢀ

The oil is what actually transmits the energy (work)ꢀ

through the system.ꢀ

How Contamination Damages

Hydraulic Systems

The oil also has to lubricate the system.ꢀ

The heat in a hydraulic system is carried away andꢀ

dissipated by the oil. And the oil will seal up theꢀ

small clearances in the hydraulic system.ꢀ

• Contamination interferes with the four main

functions of the Hydraulic Fluid.

– To Act as an Energy Transmission Medium.

– To Lubricate Moving Parts.

– To Act as a Heat Transfer.

Contamination, be it water or dirt and metal, willꢀ

limit the oils ability to perform these functions.ꢀ

– To Seal Small Clearances.

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Hydraulic Oil Filtersꢀ

To give an example of some of the clearances in a

hydraulic system, If we look at the spool section of

an electric solenoid valve we can see that we will

have a clearance of .0004 to .0009. These tight

clearances will not accept contamination from the

oil with out experiencing a problem. It is therefore

important that the oil remains clean.

Electric Solenoid Valve

Spool To Bore Fit

Spool

Cage

.4369 / 4371 DIA.

.4375 / 4378 DIA.

.0004 MIN

Spool

in Cage

Clearance

.0009 MAX

Total

This is a comparison chart of come common

particles and their micron size.

Particulate Contamination

We can see that talcum powder is larger then we

will let through our normal hydraulic filter

Relative Sizes of Particles

Sizes of Familiar Objects

Substance

Micron

Inch

Grain of Table Salt

Human Hair

100

.0039

.0027

.00158

.001

Lower Limit of Visibility

White Blood Cells

Talcum Powder

Red Blood Cells

Bacteria (Average)

.00039

.0003

.000078

Here we see a solenoid valve spool that has been

scored by contamination.

Spool scored by

contamination

The marks on this spool can not be felt but they

are deep enough to cause problems with this

valve

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Hydraulic Oil Filtersꢀ

A typical quality hydraulic filter will have a rigid

cast base.

Toro Hydraulic Filters

• Filter Mounting Base

• Filter Element

– Steel Ends

The filter seal will be a rubber seal, which is

captive in the end of the filter.

– Rigid Cast Base

– Glued on Ends

– Proper Micron Rating

• Filter Element Seal

– Positive Rubber seal

Most Toro hydraulic filters will not have a bypass.

The bypass will allow unfiltered oil to flow past the

filter and back into the reservoir.

• Spring (coil)

– Captive in the Filter Element

– Resists heat related

Deformation

• Bypass Valve

– None for Hydraulic Filter

– Needs Complete Filtration

The filter element will have steel ends and it will be

fully glued on the ends.

The paper will also be the proper micron rating.

And the spring will usually be a coil spring. This

type of spring resists heat deformation

Some cheaper filters may have a stamped steel

base. This type of base can flex and leak.

“Will Fitter” Hydraulic Filters

• Filter Element

– Glued on Ends

•ꢀ Filter Mounting Base

– Stamped Steel

The filter element seal may be a non-captive seal.

Under higher pressure situations this type of seal

may leak.

– Uneven Gluing

– Can Flexꢀ

– Proper Micron Rating ?

•ꢀ Filter Element Seal

– Rubber seal

• Spring (Wafer)

The filter may have a bypass valve. This may be

because this filter is used in several applications,

some that require a bypass valve.

– Susceptible to heat related

Deformation

– Non-Captive

– Not a positive seal

•ꢀ Bypass Valve

– Some have Bypass valves

–ꢀ Allows unfiltered oil toꢀ

bypassꢀ

The filter element may or may not be glued on the

ends. The gluing may be uneven.

The micron rating of the filter element may not be

correct.

The filter may even be equipped with a wafer type

spring. This type spring can change tension

greatly under different temperatures

There are two ways to rate filters.

Micron ratings and Beta ratings.

Micron Rating vs Beta Rating

•

Rating of the Particle Size

Stopped by the Filter

•

Based on actual filter Efficiency.

With Micron ratings there are two sub ratings.

Rates the Filters Ability to

Capture Various Size Particles.

–

Nominal rating

Removes Approx. 80 % of

particles larger than rating.

Absolute

Removes all particles larger then

rating.

•

A nominal rating captures approximately 80% of

the particles larger then the rating.

–

•

–

Based on media hole size. Can

vary widely

A filter with an absolute rating removes all the

particles larger then the rating.

Not Based on Actual Filter

Performance

Micron ratings are based on the hole size of the

media. It is not based on the actual filter

performance.

Beta Ratings are based ion the actual filter

performance.

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Hydraulic Oil Filtersꢀ

The Beta rating will consists of two numbers.

The first number is the filtration ratio.

What Beta Numbers Mean

• First number

– Filtration Ratio

• Second Number

• Example of Beta Rating

– 2/2 = 50% of 2 Micron

particles

The second number is the particle size, in

microns.

– Particle Size

(Micron)

– 20/3 = 95% of 3

Micron particles

An example of a typical Beta Rating is:

– 75/5 = 98.6% of 5

Micron particles

2/2, That equals 50% of the 2 micron particles

20/3 That equals 95% of the 3 micron particles

75/5 That equals 98.6% of the 5 micron particles

This chart shows the filtration number and the

percentage of particles stopped.

Filtration Ratio

Filtration Ratio / Efficiency Table

1.01

1.1

1.0%

9.0%

1.5

33.3%

50.0%

80.0%

90.0%

95.0%

98.6%

99.0%

99.9%

2.0

5.0

10.0

20.0

75.0

100

1000

This slide shows the Beta rating for a Toro

Hydraulic filter.

Filter Comparison

We can see that this filter captures 98.6 percent of

the 5-micron particles.

• Toro Filter

– Beta Rating

– 2/2

• Carquest

Filter

– Beta Rating

– 25/4

– 20/3

The competitive filter is not even an absolute 20-

micron filter.

– 50/20

– 75/5

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Hydraulic Oil Filtersꢀ

These filters are not the same.

They may look the same and are manufactured by

the same company. However, the beta ratings are

not the same.

Are they the same

• Filter construction is

• Carquest filter catches:

– 96% of 4 micron particles

Identical

– Both filters made by

Donaldson Co.

– and only 98% of 20 micron

particles

These are not the same filters. Even though the

parts house substitution book says they are the

same.

– Toro filter catches 50 % of

2 micron particles, 95% of

3 micron particles and 98.6

percent of 5 micron

– Not even rated for 2 or 3

micron

particles

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NOTESꢀ

______________________________________________________________

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NOTESꢀ

______________________________________________________________

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ª The Toro Company

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