Smith Corona Paint Sprayer 1602HD User Manual
OPERATOR’S  
MANUAL  
SPRAY STAR 1600HD  
Model 1602HD  
April, 2002  
SMITHCO PRODUCT SUPPORT  
1-800-891-9435  
Hwy SS and Poplar Avenue, Cameron WI 54822  
E-mail: [email protected]  
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INTRODUCTION  
Thank you for purchasing a  
product.  
Read this manual and all other manuals pertaining to the Spray Star carefully as they have safety, operating,  
assembly and maintenance instructions. Failure to do so could result in personal injury or equipment damage.  
Keep manuals in a safe place after operator and maintenance personnel have read them. Right and left sides  
are from the operator’s seat, facing forward.  
All  
machines have a Serial Number and Model Number. Both numbers are needed when ordering  
parts. The serial number plate on the Spray Star is located on the front left side of the main frame. Refer to  
engine manual for placement of engine serial number.  
For easy access record your Serial and Model numbers here.  
Information needed when ordering replacement parts:  
1. Model number of machine.  
2. Serial number of machine.  
3. Name and part number of part.  
4. Quantity of parts.  
1
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SYMBOLS  
Read  
Operator’s  
Manual  
Electrical  
Power  
No Electrical  
Power  
Engine - Stop  
Engine Oil  
Engine - Start  
Engine - Run  
Temperature  
Light  
Water  
Temperature  
RPM  
Gasoline  
Diesel  
Glow Plug - On  
Hour Meter  
Glow Plug - Off  
Hour Meter  
Glow Plug  
Fuse  
Hand Throttle  
Park Brake  
Choke - Closed  
Choke - Open  
Park Brake  
Release  
Hydraulic Oil  
Level  
2
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SYMBOLS  
Up/Down Arrow  
No Smoking  
Pinch Point  
Down/Lower  
Up/Raise  
Manual  
Operation  
Moving Parts  
Step  
Hot Surface  
Hydraulic Fluid  
Penetration  
Lift Arm  
Disengage  
Fast  
Tractor  
PTO  
Engage  
Ground Speed  
High  
Slow  
Low  
Forward  
L F  
H
Warning  
Danger  
Caution  
Reverse  
Neutral  
R N  
3
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GENERAL SAFE PRACTICES  
1. It is your responsibility to read this manual and all publications associated with this machine.  
2. Never allow anyone to operate or service the machine or its optional equipment without proper training  
and instructions. Never allow minors to operate any equipment.  
3. Learn the proper use of the machine, the location and purpose of all the controls and gauges before  
you operate the equipment. Working with unfamiliar equipment can lead to accidents.  
4. Wear all the necessary protective clothing and personal safety devises to protect your head, eyes, ears,  
hands and feet. Operate the machine only in daylight or in good artificial light.  
5. Inspect the area where the equipment will be used. Pick up all debris you can find before operating.  
Beware of overhead obstructions and underground obstacles. Stay alert for hidden hazards.  
6. Never operate equipment that is not in perfect working order or without decals, guards, shields, or other  
protective devices in place.  
7. Never disconnect or bypass any switch.  
8. Carbon monoxide in the exhaust fumes can be fatal when inhaled, never operate a machine without  
proper ventilation.  
9. Fuel is highly flammable, handle with care.  
10. Keep engine clean. Allow the engine to cool before storing and always remove the ignition key.  
11. Disengage all drives and set park brake before starting the engine.  
12. Never use your hands to search for oil leaks. Hydraulic fluid under pressure can penetrate the skin and  
cause serious injury.  
13. This machine demands your attention. To prevent loss of control or tipping of the vehicle:  
A. Use extra caution in backing up the vehicle. Ensure area is clear.  
B. Do not stop or start suddenly on any slope.  
C. Reduce speed on slopes and in sharp turns. Use caution when changing directions on slopes.  
D. Stay alert for holes in the terrain and other hidden hazards.  
14. Before leaving operator’s position:  
A. Disengage all drives.  
B. Set park brake.  
C. Shut engine off and remove the ignition key.  
D. If engine has to run to perform any maintenance keep hands, feet, clothing and all other parts of  
body away from moving parts.  
15. Keep hands, feet and clothing away from moving parts. Wait for all movement to stop before you clean,  
adjust or service the machine.  
16. Keep the area of operation clear of all bystanders.  
17. Never carry passengers.  
18. Stop engine before making repairs/adjustments or checking/adding oil to the crankcase.  
19. Use parts and materials supplied by  
only. Do not modify any function or part.  
20. Use caution when booms are down as they extend out beyond the center line of the machine approxi-  
mately 10 ft. (3 m).  
21. The tank is a confined space, take precaution.  
These machines are intended for professional maintenance on golf courses, sports turf, and any other  
area maintained turf and related trails, paths and lots. No guaranty as to the suitability for any task is  
expressed or implied.  
4
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SAFE SPRAYING PRACTICES  
Persons engaged in the handling, preparation or application of chemicals must follow accepted practices to  
insure the safety of themselves and others,  
1. WEAR protective clothing including: gloves, hat, respirator, eye protection and skin covering suitable for  
protection from chemicals being used.  
2. BATHE thoroughly after any exposure to chemicals, giving particular attention to eyes, nose, ears and  
mouth.  
3. CLEAN equipment and materials in accordance with employer, municipal and state regulations. Use  
only approved areas and drains.  
4. DISPOSE of chemicals and rinse solutions by approved and legal means.  
5. PROVIDE methods and materials for operators to wash eyes and hands immediately during the  
spraying process.  
6. PROVIDE methods and materials for control, safe dilution and neutralization of chemical spills during  
preparation, spraying, transporting and cleanup.  
7. Always check and follow the directions and safety warnings of the chemicals to be used.  
8. Secure the discharge lines before starting the pump. An unsecured discharge line may whip.  
9. Periodically inspect the pump and the system components.  
10. Check hoses for weak or worn condition before each use. Make certain that all connections are tight  
and secure.  
11. Do not operate unit with leaks, frayed, kinked hoses or tubing. Repair or replace immediately.  
12. Use only pipe, hose and fittings rated for maximum pressure or pressure at which pressure relief valve  
is set at. When replacing pipe, hose or fittings, use new product.  
13. Do not operate a gasoline engine in an enclosed area. Be sure the area is well ventilated.  
14. Do not use these pumps for pumping water or other liquids for human or animal consumption.  
15.  
Do not pump flammable or explosive fluids such as gasoline, fuel oil, kerosene, etc.  
Do not use in explosive atmospheres. The pump should be used only with liquids  
compatible with the pump component materials.  
16. Be sure all exposed moving parts are guarded and that all coupling devices are securely attached  
before applying power.  
17. Before servicing, disconnect all power, make sure all pressure in the system is relieved, drain all liquids  
from the system and flush.  
18. Protect pump from freezing conditions by draining liquid and pumping rust inhibiting antifreeze solution  
through the system, coating the pump interior.  
5
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SPECIFICATIONS  
WEIGHTS AND DIMENSIONS  
Length  
112" (285 cm)  
61" (155 cm)  
50" (127 cm)  
60" (152 cm)  
1200 lb (544 kg)  
Width  
Height  
Wheel Base  
Weight Empty  
Width With Booms Down 230" (584 cm)  
Height With Booms Up 126" (320 cm)  
Weight Loaded 2500 lb (1134 kg)  
SOUND LEVEL AT 3400 RPM  
At ear level  
88 dB  
84 dB  
72 dB  
At 3 ft. (0.914 m)  
At 30 ft (9.14 m)  
ENGINE  
Make  
Kohler  
Model#  
Command CH25S  
PA-68666  
25 hp (18.6 kW)  
Type / Spec#  
Horsepower  
Fuel  
Unleaded 87 Octane Gasoline Minimum  
Cooling System  
Lubrication System  
Alternator  
Air cooled  
Full pressure  
25 Amp  
WHEELS & TIRE  
Front (2) 20 x 1000 x 10 Multi-rib 20 psi (1.4 bar)  
Rear (2) 24 x 1300 x 12 Super Soft 18 psi (1.3 bar)  
Ground Pressure: 8.2 psi with 160 gallons  
SPEED  
Forward Speed  
Reverse Speed  
0-10 m.p.h. (0 - 16 kph)  
0-3 m.p.h. (0-5 kph)  
BATTERY  
Automotive type 24F-12 volt  
Size 24  
BCI Group  
Cold Cranking Amps  
Ground Terminal Polarity  
Maximum Length  
Maximum Width  
Maximum Height  
575 minimum  
Negative (-)  
10.25" (26 cm)  
6.88" (17 cm)  
10" (25 cm)  
FLUID CAPACITY  
Crankcase Oil  
Fuel  
2.1 quart (2 liters) with filter  
5 gallon (19 liters)  
Hydraulic Fluid  
Grade of Fluid  
5 gallon (19 liters)  
SAE 10W-40 API Service SJ or higher motor oil  
OPTIONAL SPRAY EQUIPMENT  
33-216  
14-315  
14-319  
15-571  
15-572  
15-573  
16-856  
16-129  
16-906  
Battery 24F-12 Volt  
Fresh Water Wash Tank  
Hose Reel Mounting Frame  
15' Tri-Section Electric Lift Star Shield Boom  
15' Dual Section Electric Lift Star Shield Boom  
15' Manual Lift Star Shield Boom  
Tank Rinsing System  
Hose Reel 200' (61 m) capacity (to be used with 14-319)  
Hose Reel 12 volt electric rewind 200' (61 m)  
capacity (to be used with 14-319)  
14-100 Super Boom 20' (6 meter) Long  
10-300 18' Terrain Following Boom  
15-493 Auto-Boom 18' (5.5 m) Long  
15-577 18' Manual Lift Boom  
14-481 440 Spray System (1602HD)  
14-483 203 Spray System (1604HD)  
14-312 Speedometer Kit  
14-283 Foam Marker System (Dealer Installed)  
14-285 Foam Marker System (Factory Installed)  
6
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SET UP  
The Model 1600H Prime Mover arrives from  
setup and ready for service. Depending on freight  
conditions the tires, wheels and steering wheel may need to be installed.  
The spray system is normally shipped attached to the 1600H Prime Mover. If a spray system is to be retrofitted  
to a 1600H Prime Mover by a dealer or owner, assemble and attach the components in accordance with the  
parts drawings in the Spray Star 1600H Parts/Service Manual.  
1. Remove the top and sides from the shipping crate then remove the banding from the Spray Star.  
Banding is under tension.  
2. Lift front end using a hydraulic jack, taking care that the jack is  
not placed in a location that would damage any steering system  
components, install front wheels and torque nuts to 64-74 ft/lb  
(87-100 Nm). Then raise rear axle using a hydraulic jack and  
install rear wheels and tires, torque lug nuts to 64-74 ft/lb (87-  
100 Nm). Torque again after the first 10 hours and every 200  
hours thereafter.  
3. Set park brake.  
4. Check the tire pressure. The front tires are 20 psi (1.4 bar) and  
the rear tires are 18 psi (1.3 bar).  
5. Remove the tape holding woodruff key (Ref B) to the shaft. Put  
steering wheel (Ref A) on the shaft of the steering mechanism  
(Ref C). Tighten nut to 30-40 ft/lb (41 - 54 Nm). Do not over  
tighten.  
6. Install the seat with the stud going through the engine cover  
and the flat washers, lock washers and nuts. Use the front set  
of holes for shorter drivers and use the back set of holes for  
taller drivers.  
7. Be sure battery (automotive type 24F-12 volt; 575 cold cranking  
AMPS minimum; 10.25" (260 mm) long x 6.88" (175 mm) wide  
x 10" (254 mm) high maximum case) is installed in proper  
position in the battery box, which is located on the left side of  
the engine compartment. Battery posts should be to the rear.  
This is a negative grounding system.  
Connecting battery cables to the wrong post could  
result in personal injury and/or damage to the electrical  
system. Make sure battery and cables do not interfere or rub on any moving part. Connect red  
positive (+) cable (A) to battery first. When disconnecting remove black negative (-) cable (B)  
first.  
8. Check the engine oil and add as necessary. The dip stick is located in cutout hole behind the seat on the  
left side. Oil fill is located on top of valve cover, use SAE 10W-40 API Service SJ or higher motor oil. DO  
NOT OVERFILL.  
9. Fill fuel tank, located on right side, with Unleaded 87 Octane gasoline (minimum).  
Gasoline is flammable, caution must be used when storing or handling it. Do not fill fuel tank  
while engine is running or an enclosed area, fumes are explosive and dangerous to inhale. DO  
NOT SMOKE while filling the fuel tank. DO NOT OVERFILL.  
7
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SET UP (CONTINUED)  
10. Check brake fluid in master cylinder by removing round plug on floorboard. Add brake fluid if necessary.  
DOT 3.  
11. Check hydraulic fluid. The hydraulic oil tank is on the right side. Fluid level should be 2 to 21/2" (5 to  
6.04cm) from the top of tank when cold.  
12. Machine should be greased before starting, refer to Spray Star 1600H Parts/Service Manual for location.  
13. Attach the Spray Boom and any other Optional Equipment to the Prime Mover, in accordance with  
instructions in the Spray Star 1600HD Parts/Service Manual. The nozzles must be the correct distance  
above the turf as described in Spraying Procedure of this manual. The spray boom must operate prop-  
erly and the outer sections must break away safely if an object is struck by them, they must then return  
to normal operation position.  
14. Be sure to double check boom heights, nozzle spacing and displacement before spraying.  
15. Fill tank with water and retighten the four bolts used to hold the tank in place.  
16. Read operating instructions before starting.  
Never allow pump to run dry! The valve on the suction side of the pump (between the pump  
and tank) must be fully open whenever the pump is operated.  
DAILY CHECKLIST  
1. Check park brake adjustment. Adjust as required.  
2. Check engine oil level. Add as needed. DO NOT OVERFILL.  
3. Tire pressure should be 20 psi (1.4 bar) front and 18 psi (1.3 bar) rear maximum.  
4. Inspect electrical system for loose connections or frayed wiring, including battery cables. Replace any  
faulty equipment or tighten if loose.  
5. Check hardware for loose or missing nuts, bolts, screws, etc., and tighten or replace as needed.  
6. Inspect hydraulic lines for damage or leaks. Never use hands to inspect leaks.  
7. Check brake fluid in master cylinder by removing round plug on floorboard. Add DOT 3 brake fluid if  
necessary.  
8. Check hydraulic fluid. The hydraulic power unit is located between the engine and the spray tank on the  
left side. Remove breather plug and add SAE 10W-40 API Service SJ or higher motor oil if necessary.  
Fluid level should be 2 to 21/2" (5 to 6.04cm) from the top of tank when cold.  
9. Inspect steering, throttle and shift linkages for good hookups and clear travel.  
10. Check anti-vibration mounts on engine frame.  
11. Check controls for smooth, proper working operation. Lubricate as needed.  
SEAT ADJUSTMENT  
Adjustment lever is located under the front of the seat on the right side. It allows the seat to be adjusted forward or back-  
wards for the operator’s comfort. For further adjustment unbolt seat from seat panel, move to other set of holes and re-  
bolt.  
STEERING  
Hydraulic steering. Before operating acquaint yourself with the steering.  
Avoid sharp turns at high speeds, on slopes or unsafe terrain.  
8
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CONTROLS & INSTRUMENTS  
A. Oil Light: The oil light should come on when the ignition is on, without the engine running and should go out  
when the engine is running. The oil light will light when the oil pressure is low. If it does come on, shut off the  
engine and find the cause immediately.  
B. Circuit Breaker: The circuit breaker is a resetable fuse. To reset push down.  
C. Hour/Volt Meter: The hour meter indicates the hours of machine operation. The hour meter operates when the  
ignition switch is on. The volt meter indicates battery voltage. When starting, the battery voltage should not drop  
below 9 volts. With key on, engine running, the voltage should be 12 volts. With engine running at 3600 rpm the  
voltage should read about 14 volts.  
D. Speedometer (optional): The speedometer indicates ground speed of vehicle in miles per hour and kilometer  
per hour.  
E. Ignition Switch: The ignition switch has three positions: Off-Run-Start.  
F. High Speed Light: When green light is on it indicates machine is in high gear.  
G. Tilt Steering: Hold lever down and adjust steering wheel to desired position.  
H. Low Speed Light: When green light is on it indicates machine is in low gear.  
K. Accelerator Pedal: Located on the right side of floor board. This pedal controls ground speed. Press pedal to  
increase engine RPM, varying the amount of movement of the pedal will vary the ground speed.  
L. Reverse Pedal: Located on the outside right floorboard. This pedal controls ground speed in the reverse  
direction.  
M. Master Boom Switch: The master boom switch  
is located on the left floorboard is used to  
override the master switch on the computer  
console of the spray systems. By pushing down  
it will turn on/off the booms. For 844 Systems the  
Master Switch on the computer must be on for  
the master boom control switch to work. For the  
440 System the Master Switch on the computer  
must be off for the master boom control switch  
to work.  
N. Speed Switch: Come to a complete stop, press to change gears. Lights on dashboard indicate which gear  
the machine is running in.  
When accelerator pedal and reverse pedal are released the hydrostatic transmission centers and stops  
the vehicle with a braking action.  
9
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CONTROLS & INSTRUMENTS (CONTINUED)  
CONTROL PANEL  
Located on right side of seat. The following are located on or near the  
control panel.  
A. Choke: The choke is used in starting the engine. Pull choke  
out to close choke plate when starting cold engine, push in  
when engine starts. A warm engine may not require "choking"  
to start.  
B. Hand Throttle: This hand throttle is used for hose/handgun  
spraying, boom spraying and sprayer calibration. It controls  
engine RPM, forward for fast, opposite direction for slow. (Not  
to be used when in motion)..  
C. Spray Boss Control: Engages and disengages speed boss.  
Forward is engage and all the way back is disengage. When  
the lever is engaged it sets a stop for the accelerator. The  
accelerator pedal must be used to maintain this speed. To  
adjust speed use the knob on the end of the lever, counter  
clockwise increases speed and clockwise decreases speed.  
Disengage the lever and you will have full accelerator pedal  
range.  
D. Right and Left Boom Switches: These toggle switches are  
used to raise and lower the right and left electric actuated booms.  
E. Boom Levers: (Hydraulic Lift Kit)  
F. Park Brake: Push to the front and down to set park brake and pull back to  
release. Some adjustments can be made to park brake by turning knob on  
the of the lever. To tighten, turn knob clockwise. To loosen turn counter  
clockwise.  
FOAM MARKER CONTROLS  
Foamer ON/OFF Switch: Located to the right of the control panel.  
Used to turn on and off the foam marker. Also, used to designate  
which boom is to be used to dispense foam. With lever pointing  
toward the seat foam will dispense from right boom, and with lever  
pointing forward foam will dispense from the left boom.  
Foamer Adjustment Knob(G): Located behind the seat on the  
right side on top of the foamer. Use this knob to adjust pressure of  
the foam that will be dispensed.  
ELECTRONIC SPRAY CONTROL SYSTEM  
Pressure must be set with sprayer in operation (booms on). Increase pres-  
sure by pushing the pressure adjustment handle upwards. Once the console  
reaches maximum pressure, the motorized control valve in the sprayer then  
begins to open and pressure begins to decrease. Push switch in either direc-  
tion until desired pressure is reached. The system provides operation of one,  
two or three booms and it controls sprayer pressure indicated by a wet pres-  
sure gauge on the vehicle. The pressure gauge reads the pressure in psi.  
The control system is operated by the 12 volt electrical system of the vehicle.  
The master switch controls all boom switches. Boom switch #1 controls left  
boom, boom switch #2 controls center boom, and boom switch #3 controls  
right boom. Pressure switch increases or decreases spraying pressure  
through the motorized control valve.  
10  
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OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS  
Before operating the Spray Star 1600H, become familiar with all controls and functions. Also complete all main-  
tenance requirements and read all safety warnings. Knowing the Spray Star 1600H thoroughly, how it operates,  
and by doing the prescribed maintenance steps, you can expect trouble free operation for years to come.  
SAFETY  
Safety needs to always be the concern of an operator of a moving vehicle or any machine with moving parts.  
1. Keep all shields and guards in place.  
2. Keep the parking brake engaged any time the operator is away from the vehicle or whenever service is  
performed.  
3. Always wear the necessary protective clothing and equipment.  
4. Turn engine off when refueling or performing maintenance not specifically requiring engine power.  
STARTING THE ENGINE  
1. Make sure the fuel flow valve is ‘On’. It is located on the fuel tank.  
2. Make sure the spray pump is disengaged.  
3. Depress the clutch pedal to activate the interlock switch.  
4. Place shift lever in neutral.  
5. The ignition switch is located to the right of the steering column. In-  
sert the key (A) and turn clockwise until the engine starts (C). Re-  
lease the key and it will return to the run position (B). Use the choke  
and hand throttle as necessary.  
6. Allow engine to idle and warm up before selecting direction of travel.  
7. Make sure the park brake is disengaged.  
STOPPING THE ENGINE  
If the engine has been running under high power, let it run at slow idle speed a few minutes to  
cool the engine down, before turning the ignition switch to the OFF position.  
1. Disengage spray pump.  
2. Move the throttle lever to “slow” and turn ignition key to the “off” position.  
3. Remove the ignition key and engage the park brake.  
Never leave the vehicle unattended with the engine running. Always bring the vehicle to a  
complete stop, engage park brake, turn key off and remove key.  
It is recommended that you run the machine at idle speed for 5-  
10 minutes prior to operating. This allows the oil to warm up  
which allows easier steering.  
11  
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OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS (CONTINUED)  
Before using the Spray Star, the operator or spray technician must familiarize themselves with all of the infor-  
mation on chemical spraying contained in Spraying Procedure of this manual.  
All testing and calibration of sprayers is to be done with water, not chemicals. This insures the  
safety to all involved in performing the calibration operation. Only after all calibration proce-  
dures are completed should chemical be added to the sprayer.  
GROUND SPEED CONTROL  
1. Select the gear to be used.  
2. Place the Ground Speed Control lever to fast.  
3. Push the foot accelerator fully to the floor.  
4. While the foot accelerator is fully depressed, begin moving the Ground Speed Control lever towards slow  
until the correct operating speed is attained.  
5. The desired speed will be maintained as long as the foot accelerator is fully depressed.  
6. Vehicle will return to the established ground speed whenever the foot accelerator is fully depressed  
unless the Ground Speed Control lever has been moved to a different setting.  
7. To operate the Spray Star at higher speed for transport, the Ground Speed Control lever should be  
returned to the fast position.  
HAND THROTTLE CONTROL LEVER  
Park brake must be set when engine throttle control is used.  
To increase the engine speed without holding your foot pedal down, use the engine throttle control lever on the  
right hand control panel. Push the lever forward until the desired rpm is attained.  
This procedure will set the RPM allowing the operator to use the remote hose and handgun. It will also permit  
the operator to check the operation of the spray boom by observing it from the rear of the vehicle.  
To release throttle control, pull back on the Lever allowing the engine to return to idle.  
HILLSIDE OPERATION  
Do NOT stop or start suddenly on any slope. Be especially cautious when changing direction. Do NOT operate  
vehicle on slopes greater than 20°.  
TOWING UNIT  
When it is necessary to move the Spray Star 1600H without the engine running, the bypass valve built into  
hydrostatic pump must be "open" by turning it counterclockwise. The valve is located on the bottom of the  
pump. An "open" valve allows fluid to pass through the wheels freely. When normal driven operation is desired,  
valve should be "closed" by turning it clockwise. Failure to "close" the valve with engine running means no  
power to wheels.  
12  
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OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS (CONTINUED)  
SPRAYER VALVE SETTINGS AND SPRAY TANK AGITATION  
The gate valve on the suction side of the pump, between the tank and the pump must be open before pump is  
engaged. Close this valve only when necessary to clean the filter with spray material in the spray tank.  
There is one manual flow control valves on the discharge side of the spray system. This valve controls the  
agitator. This valve may be opened as much as necessary to provide hydraulic agitation through the quadrajet  
agitator in the tank bottom. This valve may be partially closed to prevent or reduce foam buildup from the spray  
materials inside the tank. When the liquid level in the spray tank reaches a certain level (usually 1-25 gallons  
(3.8-95 Liters) depending on terrain and other conditions) it may be necessary to close the valve in the agitator  
line in order to prevent loss of suction prime.  
If your Spray Star is fitted with a hose reel, there is a second ball valve on the discharge system to supply ma-  
terial to the hose reel.  
The Quadrajet agitation system operates with four venturi jets in the tank bottom. These jets have replaceable  
orifice discs which discharge the following amounts of spay material.  
Input to  
Nozzle  
Diameter in gpm  
Input to Agitator Agitator Agitator Agitator  
Agitator Agitator Pressure Pressure Output  
Output  
in L/min  
23.8  
in L/min  
7.2  
in psi  
25  
in bar  
1.7  
in gpm  
6.3  
1
/
/
/
8
8
8
"
"
"
1.9  
2.7  
3.8  
2.8  
4.2  
5.5  
3.6  
5.6  
7.9  
1
1
10.2  
14.4  
10.6  
15.9  
20.8  
13.6  
21.2  
29.9  
50  
100  
25  
50  
100  
25  
3.4  
6.9  
1.7  
3.4  
6.9  
1.7  
33.4  
6.9  
10.0  
15.0  
7.6  
12.2  
17.5  
9.1  
37.9  
56.8  
28.8  
46.2  
66.2  
34.4  
54.1  
70.8  
5/32"  
5/32"  
5/32"  
3/16"  
3/16"  
3/16"  
50  
100  
14.3  
18.7  
You can change orifice disc sizes to enhance spray system performance. Smaller discs reduce amount of agi-  
tation (desirable in some foaming materials) and make more dischargeable liquid available for nozzles. Larger  
(or none) discs increase amount of agitation and make less dischargeable liquid available for nozzles.  
13  
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CONSOLE FEATURES  
This Console (PGM F) requires selection of US (acres); SI (hectares) or TU (1,000 sq ft) area  
and SP1 (wheel drive, etc).  
A. POWER - Turns Console power OFF or ON. Turning Console OFF does not affect the data stored in  
the computer.  
B. Select manual or fully automatic control. This can automatically control two rates.  
C. Manual override control provides capability for spot spraying.  
D. Booms can be controlled individually, or all at once with MASTER ON/OFF Switch  
E. Displays operating rate of application and flashing Tip Fault.  
F. Displays function and calibration data.  
G. CE - Use like you do CE (clear entry) key on a calculator. This key is also used to select an area  
base measurement of US (acres), SI (Hectares) or TU (1,000 sq ft).  
H. ENTER - Used only to enter the data into the Console.  
Calibration Keys: (Top Row) Used to enter  
Function Keys: (Bottom Row) Used to display data.  
data into console to calibrate the system.  
BOOM 1 CAL Length of Boom 1  
BOOM 2 CAL Length of Boom 2  
BOOM 3 CAL Length of Boom 3  
TOTAL AREA  
FIELD AREA  
FIELD VOLUME Volume Applied to Field  
Total Area Sprayed  
Field Area Sprayed  
SPEED CAL  
METER CAL  
VALVE CAL  
RATE 1 CAL  
RATE 2 CAL  
SELF TEST  
Measured Off Drive Line (114)  
Flow Meter Calibration Number  
Control Valve Response Time  
Target Application Rate  
Target Application Rate  
Simulates Vehicle Speed  
DISTANCE  
SPEED  
VOLUME/TANK  
TIME  
Distance Traveled  
Speed of Vehicle  
Volume Remaining in Carrier Tank  
24 hour clock (military time)  
Use to Display Tip Faults  
TIP MONITOR  
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CONSOLE PROGRAMMING  
When entering data into the Console computer, the entry sequence is always the same. Data must be entered  
into the first eight keys.  
1. Depress the key which you wish to enter data.  
2. Depress the “Enter” key. An “E” will illuminate  
in the DATA display.  
3. Depress the keys corresponding to the  
number you wish to enter (i.e. “5”, “7”, “2”).  
4. Complete the entry by again depressing the  
“ENTER” key. The numbers will be displayed  
in the DATA display as they are entered.  
CONSOLE CALIBRATION  
CALCULATING “BOOM CAL” (BOOM 1, BOOM 2, BOOM 3)  
Calculate the width of each boom in inches (centimeters) by multiplying the number of tips times the spacing.  
Write these boom widths down for future reference when programming the Console computer. The Console is  
capable of controlling up to three (3) booms.  
CALCULATING “SPEED CAL"  
1. Enter Speed Cal in key  
2. Place Master and Boom 1 switches to on.  
3. Enter “0” in key  
of 612.  
.
4. Drive 1 mile. Do not use vehicle odometer to determine distance, use section lines or highway markers.  
5. It should read a value of approximately 5280. If it reads between 5200-5350, the Speed Cal for this  
vehicle is 612.  
If the Distance display reads any other value, divide Speed Cal by the value observed in Distance, then  
multiply by 5280. This will give you the correct value to enter for Speed Cal. You must round off to the  
nearest 3 digit number (use 120 not 120.3).  
15  
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CONSOLE CALIBRATION (CONTINUED)  
6. Recheck the new Speed Cal numbers. Zero out Distance display as in step 3. Enter the new Speed Cal  
number as in step 1. Repeat steps 4 and 5.  
MEASURE CAREFULLY. Be sure tire is properly inflated before measuring. Measure tire in type  
of soil in which you will be spraying. Circumference of tire will vary when measured in soft soil  
versus hard packed soil. For best results, measure several times and average the results. Re-  
measure periodically.  
CALCULATING “METER CAL”  
The Flow Meter calibration number is stamped on the label attached to each Flow Meter; this number is to be  
used for gallon per area applications. To convert original METER CAL from gallons to desired units of measure  
(oz., lbs or liters per area) see Abbreviations and Conversions section of this manual. Write down this calibra-  
tion number for future reference when programming the console.  
CALCULATING "VALVE CAL”  
The initial Control Valve calibration number is 2123. After operating the system, you may desire to refine this  
number. See definitions below.  
Valve Backlash Controls the time of the first correction pulse after a change in correction direction is detected.  
Incr to Decr or Decr to Incr Range: 1 to 9, 1-Short Pulse, 9-Long Pulse  
Valve Speed Digit Controls the Speed of the Control Valve motor.  
Running the Control Valve too fast will cause the system to oscillate.  
Range: 1 to 9, 1-slow, 9-Fast  
Brake Point Digit Percent Sets the point at which the Control Valve motor begins braking, so as not to over  
shoot the desired rate. Digit is percent away from target rate. Range: 0 to 9, 0=5%, 1=10%, 9=90%,  
Deadband Digit Allowable difference between target and actual application rate, where rate correction is not  
performed. Range: 1 to 9, 1 = 1%, 9 = 9%  
CALCULATING "RATE 1 AND RATE 2 CAL" (See Spraying Procedure section)  
Determine the application rate at which your chemical should be sprayed. Consult with your Dealer to insure  
your spray nozzles are capable of applying at this target rate.  
Using CAPACITY = .35 GPM (1.67 lit/min) and pressure = 30 PSI (20 bar) you would select tip number  
XR8004 from the Nozzle Charts Section, since it comes closest to providing the desired output.  
VERIFYING FLOW RATE LIMITS  
The flow rate of the sprayer must be within the range of 1 to 55 GPM (4 to 210 lit/min).  
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INITIAL PROGRAMMING OF CONSOLE COMPUTER  
When you first turn on Console power, after all installation procedures have been completed, the Console will  
flash “CAL” in the RATE display and “US” in the DATA display. This means you must “calibrate” or program the  
Console before it can be operated.  
(This is a one time operation which does not have to be repeated unless you disconnect your battery wires.  
Turning OFF the POWER ON/OFF switch does not affect the Console memory. All data is retained). The fol-  
lowing steps must now be followed.  
If an entry selection error is made during steps 1, 2, 3, or 4, the Console can be reset by depressing  
for  
20 seconds (Data displays US and RATE displays CAL.).  
1. Displaying US, SI or TU  
a. Depressing momentarily  
b. Depressing momentarily  
Steps the DATA display from US (acres) to SI.  
Steps the DATA display from SI (Hectares) to TU.  
Steps the DATA display from TU (1000 sq ft) to US.  
c. Depressing momentarily  
2. Selecting US, SI or TU  
a. To select US, SI, or TU, step  
until the desired code is displayed in DATA display.  
b. Momentarily depress  
3. Displaying SP1 or SP2  
the DATA display will now display SP1.  
a. Depressing momentarily  
steps the DATA display from SP1 (wheel drives, etc.) to SP2.  
steps the DATA display from SP2 (radar sensor) to SP1.  
b. Depressing momentarily  
4. Selecting SP1 OR SP2  
a. To select SP1 or SP2, step with  
until desired code is displayed in DATA display.  
b. Momentarily depress  
the DATA display will now display 0.  
5. Enter width in inches (cm) of BOOM 1 in the key labeled:  
6. Enter width in inches (cm) of BOOM 2 in the key labeled:  
width of BOOM 2.  
If there is only one boom, enter "0" for  
7. Enter width in inches (cm) of BOOM 3 in the key labeled:  
“0” for width of BOOM 3.  
If there is only one or two boom, enter  
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INITIAL PROGRAMMING OF CONSOLE COMPUTER (CONTINUED)  
8. Enter SPEED CAL of 612 in key labeled:  
9. Enter METER CAL calibration number in key labeled:  
10. Enter VALVE CAL calibration number (2123) in key labeled:  
11. Enter the target RATE 1 (GPA) (lit/ha) (GPK) you want to spray in the key labeled:  
12. Enter the target RATE 2 (GPA) (lit/ha) (GPK) you want to spray in the key labeled:  
(If you do not  
use a second rate, enter same rate as RATE 1 CAL). RATE 2 should not be more than 20% different  
from RATE 1 or else spray pattern may suffer.  
YOU HAVE NOW COMPLETED PROGRAMMING THE CONSOLE.  
The flashing “CAL” will now extinguish. If not, repeat procedure starting at step 5. You may also wish to enter  
data in the keys labeled:  
and  
although it is not required for the operation of the system.  
13. Enter the estimated total Volume-in-Tank when you start spraying in key labeled:  
tank is refilled, this number must be reentered.  
Each time the  
14. Enter the TIME of day in the key labeled:  
pm, add 12 hours. Thus, 8:30 am is entered as 8:30, but 1:30 pm is entered as 13:30 in the keyboard.  
OTHER DISPLAY FEATURES  
. This is a 24 hour clock. Therefore, all time after 12:59  
1. To display TOTAL AREA covered, momentarily depress key labeled:  
To “zero out” this total, at any  
To “zero out” this total, at  
To “zero out” this total, at any  
To “zero out” this total, at  
time, enter a “0” in this key.  
2. To display TOTAL VOLUME sprayed, momentarily depress key labeled:  
any time, enter a “0” in this key.  
3. To display FIELD AREA covered, momentarily depress key labeled:  
time, enter a “0” in this key.  
4. To display FIELD VOLUME sprayed, momentarily depress key labeled:  
any time enter a “0” in this key.  
5. To display DISTANCE (feet (meters) traveled) momentarily depress key labeled:  
total, at any time, enter a “0” in this key.  
To “zero out” this  
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INITIAL PROGRAMMING OF CONSOLE COMPUTER (CONTINUED)  
6. To display SPEED, momentarily depress the key labeled:  
7. To display VOL/MIN., momentarily depress the key labeled:  
8. To display AREA/HOUR, momentarily depress key labeled:  
This is an actual calculation of AREA/  
HOUR at the present speed you are going. It is not an average over time.  
9. To display TIP MONITOR fault, momentarily depress the key labeled:  
See TIP MONITOR manual  
for more detailed discussion. (Purchase the TIP MONITOR option if this function is desired.)  
10. To display US, SI or TU and SPI or SP2 after being selected depress:  
alternately displayed.  
These selections will be  
SELF TEST FEATURE  
SELF-TEST allows speed simulation for testing the system while the vehicle is not moving. Enter the simulated  
operating speed in the key labeled:  
pressing key labeled: SPEED  
If 6 MPH (10 km/h) is desired, enter 6.0 (10.0). Verify speed by de-  
The SELF-TEST speed will clear itself when motion of vehicle is detected by the Speed Sensor. A SPEED CAL  
Value of 900 (230) or greater is recommended when operating in this mode.  
SEQUENCE TO ACTIVATE DATA-LOCK*  
1. Depress  
for 5 seconds, NEW CODE message will appear.  
2. Enter 4 digit code within 15 seconds.  
EXAMPLE: For 1085, depress  
and  
SEQUENCE TO CHANGE DATA-LOCK  
1. Depress  
for 5 seconds, OLD CODE message will appear.  
2. Enter 4 digit OLD CODE within 15 seconds.  
EXAMPLE: depress  
and  
NEW CODE message will appear. Enter 4 digit code within 15 seconds.  
EXAMPLE: For 1285, depress and  
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INITIAL PROGRAMMING OF CONSOLE COMPUTER (CONTINUED)  
ENTER MODE SEQUENCE WITH ACTIVATED DATA-LOCK  
1. Depress the key into which you wish to enter data.  
2. Depress  
CODE message will appear. Enter your DATA-LOCK CODE. If code is correct, “E” will  
appear. Now enter data normally.  
The DATA-LOCK feature prohibits the entry of data without first entering the DATA-LOCK CODE. The DATA-  
LOCK CODE may be cleared by entering a code of “0” or by removing Console power.  
POWER DOWN DELAY TIME FEATURE  
If the console is not used for 10 days, it will go into a power down (low power) mode of operation. In this mode,  
all data will be retained, but the time of day clock will reset to 1:00. The delay time is initially set at 10 days, but  
can be changed by the user.  
1. DISPLAYING DELAY TIME. Depress  
2. CHANGING DELAY TIME.  
for 5 seconds, the current delay time (in days) will appear.  
a. Depress  
FOR 5 seconds, the current delay time will appear.  
b. Enter new delay time (0 to 200 days) using the same procedure as that for entering other data.  
In the event of console power loss, the power down delay time will default to 10 days.  
CONSOLE ALARM FEATURE  
Console alarm sounds if application rate is 30% or more away from target application rate for 5 seconds.  
ALARM MENU  
Depress  
for 5 seconds until DATA display shows “A on”. Depressing momentarily  
key steps the  
DATA display between “A on” and “AoFF”. “A on” means alarm is enabled, “AoFF” means alarm is disabled.  
DISPLAY MENU  
Depress  
for 7 seconds until DATA display shows "d on”. Depress momentarily  
key steps the DATA  
display between “d on” and “doFF”. “d on” means RATE displays target rate when actual rate is within a per-  
centage of target rate. This percentage is determined by third digit of Valve CAL value as shown.  
Brake point digit  
(3rd digit) of Valve CAL 2 1 2 3  
0 = 1% + Deadband  
1 = 3% + Deadband  
2 = 7% + Deadband  
3 = 10% + Deadband  
4 = 20% + Deadband  
5 = 25% + Deadband  
6 = 30% + Deadband  
7 = 35% + Deadband  
8 = 40% + Deadband  
9 = 45% + Deadband  
Actual rate is displayed if unit does not reach deadband with in 10 seconds. “doFF” means RATE displays ac-  
tual rate at all times.  
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INITIAL PROGRAMMING OF CONSOLE COMPUTER (CONTINUED)  
LOW LIMIT FLOW SET POINT AND LOW LIMIT ALARM  
Depress until DATA display flashes. A low limit flow rate may now be entered.  
If actual volume Per minute falls below this limit, the Control Valve stops closing, the Alarm sounds and the rate  
display flashes “LL”. The low limit value should be determined with all Booms “on”. This value is automatically  
proportional to the percentage of Booms that are “on”. (i.e. If the entered low limit is 4 CAL/ MIN and half the  
Total Boom length is shut off, the Console automatically reduces the low limit to 2 GAL/MIN)  
CONTROL VALVE DELAY  
Depress  
until DATA display flashes. The first digit (XOOO), is the Control Valve delay digit. This feature  
allows the user to set a delay between the time the Booms are turned on and when the Console begins to con-  
trol the flow rate. A value of 1-9 means a delay of 1-9 seconds test respectively. A value of 0 means no delay.  
This delay is active if the time between turning off and turning on the Booms is less than 30 seconds.  
INITIAL CONSOLE SETUP  
1. Fill tank with water only. (If positive displacement type pump is used, fully open pressure relief valve,  
PRV.) Open gate valve between the tank and pump.  
2. Place MASTER On/Off to On and Boom On/Off switches to Off.  
3. Place MAN/RATE 1/RATE 2 switch to MAN.  
4. Place POWER On/Off switch to On.  
5. Verify correct boom widths, speed calibration, meter calibration, valve calibration (2123), RATE 1 calibra-  
tion and RATE 2 calibration have been entered in console. Enter into SELF TEST the normal sprayer  
operating speed.  
6. Run pump at normal operating RPM.  
7. Verify that each boom solenoid valve operates and that no nozzles are plugged by operating Boom On/  
Off switches.  
8. Place all Boom On/Off switches to On.  
9. Hold the MAN ADJ switch in INCR position for approximately 12 seconds. This assures motorized control  
valve is fully open. Verify maximum pressure and RATE.  
10. Adjust agitator line hand valve for desired agitation. Use the pressure gage on the rear of the machine to  
verify maximum pressure is still present.  
11. Hold the MAN ADJ switch in DECR position for approximately 12 seconds. This assures motorized  
control valve is fully closed. Verify minimum pressure and RATE can be achieved. If not, consider bypass  
plumbing system in Appendix 3.  
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CONSOLE FIELD TEST  
1. Drive down field or road at target speed with sprayer booms off, to verify SPEED readout on Console.  
2. Turn on sprayer and booms and place the RATE 1/RATE 2/MAN switch to RATE 1. Increase or decrease  
speed by one MPH (2 kph). The system should automatically correct to the target application rate.  
3. If for any reason, the system is unable to correct to the desired RATE, check for an empty tank, a  
plugged line, a malfunctioning pump, improper vehicle speed or a defect in the system.  
4. If the system does not appear to be correcting properly, first review Initial Console Setup, then refer to  
Troubleshooting in the Parts/Service Manual.  
5. At the end of each row, shut off flow with the Master On/Off switch. This also shuts off area totalizer.  
6. Verify area covered and volume used.  
SPRAY OPERATION (AFTER PROPER SETUP AND CALIBRATION)  
1. Add 1/2 the amount of water required for the spray operation to tank using air gap filler.  
2. Start engine, set engine speed below 2000 RPM, and engage pump after taking all previously described  
safety and operation precautions.  
3. Open agitator valve.  
4. Add chemicals (taking all precautions described in this manual and by the chemical manufacturer).  
a. Liquids may be poured directly into tank.  
b. Wettable powder chemicals must be pre-mixed with water in a container to form a slurry. The mixture  
is then added to the tank through the fillwell strainer.  
c. Chemical in soluble packs are place into the fillwell strainer basket and dissolved by adding water  
through the basket.  
The balance of the water required for the spray operation is added to the tank through the fillwell strainer,  
using the air gap filler. This will wash any undissolved chemical into the tank.  
5. Transport to sprayer site with and agitator operating.  
6. Set Engine speed between 2000-3600 RPM.  
7. (Optional) Engage ground speed control.  
8. Obtain desired spraying speed before activating spray with switches on spray control console.  
In some extreme situations, it may be necessary to decrease or completely close the flow of material to the agita-  
tor system in order to maintain desired pressure. If agitation is absolutely essential, a change may have to be made  
in some combination of ground speed, nozzle size or system pressure to maintain the necessary application rate.  
Review the capacity of nozzles being used. Total capacity of all nozzles plus agitation system  
must not exceed pumping system capabilities refer to Spraying Procedure section of this  
manual. FLUSH PUMP AFTER USE  
Pump  
Pressure  
Engine Shaft GPM at GPM at GPM at GPM at Max  
RPM  
RPM  
20psi 30psi 40psi 60psi  
HP  
2300  
2750  
3200  
3200  
3800  
4400  
70  
75  
80  
55  
71  
78  
5
60  
72  
-
10  
60  
1.4  
1.8  
3.0  
Pump RPM = Engine RPM x 1.38  
One of the most common causes for faulty-pump performance is corrosion inside the pump. Flush pump and  
entire system with a solution that will chemically neutralize the liquid pumped. Mix according to the  
manufacturer’s directions. This will dissolve most residue remaining in the pump, leaving the inside of the  
pump clean for the next use.  
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SPRAY OPERATION (CONTINUED)  
TO PREVENT CORROSION  
After cleaning the pump as directed, flush it with a permanent type automobile antifreeze (Prestone, Zerex,  
etc.) containing a rust inhibitor. Use a 50% solution that is, half antifreeze and half water. Then coat the interior  
of the pump with a substance which will prevent corrosion such as Fluid Film or WD40. If unit will not be used  
for an extended period of time, disconnect hoses into and out of the pump, seal openings to the pump with  
caps or tape. Dispose of fluids according to all federal, state and local regulations.  
All chemicals and chemical residue must be removed after each use. Dispose of fluids and  
residue according to all federal, state and local regulations.  
SPRAYER CLEANING  
Empty tank and clean unit thoroughly after each use following these instructions:  
1. Remove coupling and rinse inside of tank thoroughly with clean water, replace coupling.  
2. Fill tank ten percent full with clean water, start pump and discharge water through spray hose or spray  
boom (with nozzles removed), until empty.  
3. Remove drain coupling again and rinse tank interior thoroughly.  
4. Rinse exterior of sprayer thoroughly with clean water.  
5. Remove bowl from sprayer filter (on operators right hand side of the spray tank). Remove stainless steel  
screen. Wash bowl and screen thoroughly. Apply thin layer of petroleum jelly to O-ring or gasket. Replace  
screen and bowl, taking care to position o-ring or gasket properly. Hand tighten.  
6. Remove and clean Flow Meter turbine and inlet hub. Clean off all metal filings and wettable powders  
which have hardened on the plastic and metal parts. Check the inlet hub and turbine assembly for worn  
or damaged turbine blades and bearings. Flush Flow Meter with clear water and drain.  
MANUAL HOSE REEL  
Located at the back of the Spray Star behind the tank. Open the ball valve located on the left side of the mani-  
fold ball valve to allow fluid to flow into the hose reel. Place the lockout pin in the unlocked position by pulling  
and turning it half a turn, this will allow you to pull out additional hose or to use the handle and wind up the  
hose. To prevent movement during transport or storage place the lockout pin in the locked position.  
ELECTRIC HOSE REEL  
Located at the back of the Spray Star behind the tank. Open the ball valve located on the left side of the mani-  
fold ball valve to allow fluid to flow into the hose reel. To unwind hose just pull on the hose to get the desired  
amount. To wind up the hose make sure the toggle switch is in the ON position, push the momentary push  
button switch until you have reeled in the amount of hose desire. Turn off the safety switch when not in use.  
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SPRAYING INTRODUCTION  
This section is intended to offer practical guidelines for the distribution of liquid chemicals over an area of turf  
grass such as golf courses, park land, school grounds and lawns. SMITHCO makes no representation as to  
the suitability of any technique or product for any particular situation. This section is suitable for self-propelled  
spray vehicles or sprayers mounted onto vehicles.  
Boom Spraying is the most effective, accurate and efficient method of applying chemicals to large turf areas. It  
may be done by means of:  
• A dedicated spray vehicle  
• A sprayer mounted upon a utility vehicle  
Sprayers are typically equipped with wide spray booms. Generally these booms are between 15 feet (4.5 m)  
and 20 feet (6 m) in width. They are divided into three sections, with hinges that permit the long outer sections  
to automatically move out of the way and reset if an obstacle such as a tree or fence is in you path.  
To minimize the chance for missed areas or double application use a device to mark the outside boundaries of  
each spray swath. Foam markers and dye markers are advisable.  
TURF MANAGEMENT  
Turf management chemicals are made for four general purposes:  
1. Fungicides: Prevent or cure fungus on turf grass. They are made in 2 general types:  
• Systemic - Chemicals enter the plant system and protect or cure it of, fungus.  
• Contact - Kills fungus with which it comes into contact.  
2. Insecticides: Eliminate damaging insects and worms (such as grubs, beetles, ants, etc.)  
3. Herbicides: Control and eliminate undesirable weeds and grass from turf areas and non-turf areas such  
as bunkers, trails, fences, etc.  
4. Nutrients & Fertilizer: Promote growth, beauty and color in turf grass.  
Some materials have to be applied so that they get into the soil below the plant leaves, This is called “soil appli-  
cation”. In order to do this, they are best applied with a large volume of water. They are often then watered-in  
using the irrigation system. This type of chemical material includes systemic chemicals and chemicals de-  
signed to destroy pests which live in the thatch and the soil.  
Other materials must be applied to reach a problem that is present on the plant leaves. This is called “Foliar  
Application” and requires a lower volume of water. Instead of irrigation water, these materials are further acti-  
vated by dry air and sunshine. They include contact fungicide and many herbicides.  
The user of sprayers and chemicals must follow the directions provided with the spray material. It is the only  
way to insure safe and effective results. It provides information on how much chemical and how much water is  
to be applied to the area to be sprayed.  
Though there are many types and sizes of nozzles, two specific types have proven most successful in turf  
grass management.  
• The first type is target-directed. It sprays material in a direct line downwards to the target turf grass.  
These are flat fan nozzles, commonly referred to as TeeJet nozzles. They are available in a wide variety  
of sizes for any required discharge volume rate. They are the best for many contact or foliar applied  
pesticides. They are spaced either 10" (25 m) or 20" (51 cm) apart and overlap one another by about 1/3  
.
• The second type useful in turf management are broadcast type nozzles. They are commonly referred to  
as raindrop or floodjet nozzles. They spray a hollow-cone shaped pattern of much larger droplets which  
fall quickly to the turf under their own weight. They are best for systemic pesticides or any material  
requiring a large volume of water for soil application. The larger droplets are not as subject to drift from  
wind and are a safer, more environmentally friendly choice in many situations.  
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HOSE & HANDGUN SPRAYING  
A handgun (hand-nozzle or hand-lance) is used to control and direct the spray pattern to the ground, shrub or  
tree. They must be constructed of long lasting and noncorrosive materials such as brass, stainless or alumi-  
num. The handgun fits to a hose of any length from the sprayer allowing operator mobility. The hose should be  
as short as possible while still permitting operator mobility.  
Liquid looses pressure due to friction as it travels through the hose, 1-3 psi (0.07-0.21 bar) for each foot (30  
cm) of hose. For most operations 1/2" (1.25 cm) inside diameter hose is adequate. Trees over 40 ft (12 m) high  
require 3/4" (2 cm) inside diameter hose and a sprayer pump capable of delivering a volume of at least 20 gpm  
(75 lpm) and a pressure of at least 400 psi (28 bar).  
NOZZLES  
Always be alert to the possibility of a plugged or damaged nozzles. Serious misapplications may result. Check  
nozzle output periodically.  
Modern nozzles use spring and diaphragm check valves to insure positive cutoff of chemicals without drip.  
Snap-on caps make replacing and cleaning nozzles, quick, easy and fool proof with proper reinstallation.  
An operator can see at a glance if all nozzles are the same size by the color code.  
3 FUNCTIONS FOR A SPRAY BOOM NOZZLE  
1. Regulating the flow is done through size of the orifice (opening) within the nozzle. All nozzles, regardless  
of type, have some point within them that regulates the flow of liquid. Obviously, the larger the opening  
the greater the rate of flow volume. Volume is expressed in Gallons Per Minute (gpm) or Liters Per  
Minute (lpm). Do not confuse the term volume with application rate, which will be covered later.  
As pressure increases, the flow volume in a given nozzle also increases. For example, an average size  
nozzle which discharges 0.52 gpm (1.4 lpm) at 30 psi (2 bar), will discharge 0.73 gpm (2 lpm) at 60 psi (4  
bar). In this example, an increase in pressure of 100% has caused an increase in discharge of 40%.  
Some nozzles deliver a small volume (for example: 0.2 gpm (0.75 lpm)). Some nozzles deliver a rela-  
tively large volume (for example: 1.5 gpm (5.7 lpm)), or 71/2 times as much as the smaller nozzle in this  
example.  
The amount of material (volume) to be applied is determined by the effect the chemical has on the turf.  
2. The nozzle on a sprayer is to form the liquid into droplets. The size of the droplet is determined by two  
factors design and system pressure (psi/bar).  
Particular applications are done best by big droplets such as systemic fungicides, insecticides and some  
herbicides in order to reduce drift. Other applications require small droplets like contact fungicides and  
some herbicides. Again, this is determined by whether the chemical is foliar applied or soil applied. Large  
droplets for soil applied material, small droplets for foliar applied materials that evenly cover the plant  
better.  
Pressure also affects droplet size. More pressure at the same nozzle produces smaller droplets, more  
subject to drift. The general rule on pressure is to use the lowest pressure possible with just enough to  
form adequate spray nozzle patterns.  
25  
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NOZZLES (CONTINUED)  
3. Disperse the material in a specific pattern that will  
insure even distribution of chemical across the  
swath covered by the boom.  
As shown (to the right) the pattern formed by flat  
fan (TeeJet) nozzles would show most liquid  
concentrated at the center, then tapering off where  
it begins to overlap with the next nozzle-approxi-  
mately 1/3. The pattern of liquid dispersed by the  
hollow-cone is more even across its width. Each  
nozzle overlaps the adjoining nozzle by 100%.  
That is to say the area covered by each nozzle extends to the center of the two nozzles on either side.  
In order to properly develop their spray pattern, each nozzle must be the proper distance from the next  
nozzle (spacing) and the proper height above the ground.  
NOZZLE SCREENS (STRAINERS)  
Smaller nozzles require nozzle screens or strainers to prevent clogging.  
• Teejet type nozzles size 8001 and 80015 require 100 mesh screens.  
• Teejet type nozzles from size 8002 through 8008 require 50 mesh screens.  
• Turbo TurfJet Nozzles Size 1/4 TTJ02-VS and larger do not require strainers.  
• Turbo Floodjet Nozzles TF-VS2 through TF-VS3 require 50 mesh screens.  
• Turbo Floodjet Nozzles TF-VS4 and larger do not require screens.  
SPACING  
Turf spray nozzles are normally 20" (51 cm) apart. Some cases 40" (101 cm), depending on the type of spray  
boom and type of area to be sprayed.  
Very fine, level areas (golf greens and tees, bowling lawns, tennis courts, etc.) may be sprayed with nozzles  
spaced every 10" (25 cm).  
BOOM HEIGHT  
Height is very important in permitting spray nozzles to develop their proper spray pattern. If nozzles are too high,  
excessive overlap develops. If nozzles are too low, there is not enough overlapping of nozzle spray patterns.  
NOZZLE  
TYPE  
NOZZLE  
SPACING  
HEIGHT ABOVE  
THE GROUND  
80° Flat Fan  
65° Flat Fan  
Turbo TurfJet  
Turbo TurfJet  
Turbo Floodjet  
Turbo Floodjet  
20" (51 cm)  
20" (51 cm)  
20" (51 cm)  
40" (101 cm)  
20" (51 cm)  
40" (100 cm)  
18" (45 cm)  
12" (30 cm)  
15" (38 cm)  
19" (48 cm)  
16" (41 cm)  
18" (45 cm)  
Improper nozzle height or spacing prevents proper application of chemical. Some areas are under treated and  
chemicals are ineffective. Some areas are overtreated with wasted chemical and possible turf damage.  
Operating your sprayer at a desired speed and pressure on a hard, dry surface is a good method of checking  
spraying consistency. Observe nozzles in operation, observe if the area dries evenly. If there are alternating wet  
and dry streaks, raise or lower the spray boom. If the wet streaks are directly under the nozzle, the boom is too  
low. If the wet streaks are between the nozzles, the boom is too high.  
26  
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CALIBRATION INTRODUCTION  
Calibrating simply means to adjust a set of variables on the sprayer in order to deliver the desired amount of  
chemical to a known area of turf.  
The job of calibrating the sprayer consists of balancing these variables so that your sprayer delivers the desired  
application rate. That is, an amount of chemical on a given area. It is expressed as:  
Gallons Per Acre (gpa) (1 US gpa = 0.83 UK gpa)  
or Gallons Per 1,000 Square Feet (gpt)  
or Liters Per Hectare (lph) (1 US gpa = 9.35 lph)  
A number of acceptable methods for calibrating a turf sprayer are widely available. The calibration method  
chosen must take these variables into account. They must include known ground speed (by measurement or  
from an accurate speedometer) and nozzle output (gpm or lpm) from a nozzle chart or from actual measure-  
ment. The variables are:  
PRESSURE  
Just as pressure increases the volume discharge rate, it also increases the application rate. Pressure must  
increase by 4 times in order to double the application rate. Small pressure changes of 10 psi (1.4 bar) or less  
do not greatly affect performance.  
Pressure is established and maintained by a pressure control valve or by a flow control valve located on the  
sprayer.  
NOZZLE CAPACITY (VOLUME)  
We have covered the different types of spray patterns of various nozzles and made our selection of type ac-  
cordingly. We now have to choose a size which will provide the correct application rate.  
Sizes are available for all requirements. Consult the nozzle chart in this manual for your nozzle type in order to  
select the correct size.  
TRAVEL SPEED  
Increased travel speed decreases the application rate (gpa, gpt or lph). Travel speed must be safe and appro-  
priate for the area to be sprayed.  
Unlike pressure changes which have only a minor effect on application rate, ground speed changes have a  
more major and direct effect. For example: 50% decrease in ground speed means a 100% increase in applica-  
tion rate. If the vehicle does not have an accurate speedometer, correct speed must be determined by timing  
the sprayer travel over a measured distance. (Refer to the page in this manual titled, “Abbreviations and Con-  
versions”.  
To calibrate a sprayer, the user must:  
1. Understand the Variables  
2. Set those variables using one of the proven methods available.  
3. Make a trial run and measure the output (use water, not chemical).  
4. Determine the output.  
5. Make adjustments to the 3 variables until the output is at the desired level.  
This covers the principles of what must be known to prepare a sprayer for operation.  
There are other acceptable and proven methods of calibrating a turf sprayer for application.  
Other techniques may be more suitable depending on operational needs and technical compe-  
tence of the operator.  
27  
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THE NOZZLE CHART METHOD OF CALIBRATION  
The Nozzle Chart Method is useful when the sprayer nozzles are new or nearly new. It is also the most useful  
method to employ when the sprayer is equipped with an Electronic Spray Control System. The Electronic Spray  
Control System does most of the calibration work, it is up to the operator to select the proper combination of  
nozzle size and ground speed which will deliver the desired application rate.  
The nozzle chart method requires the use of the appropriate nozzle charts which are found in the back of this  
manual (Nozzle Charts 1 through 8). Nozzle charts for other nozzles are available from the manufacturer.  
CALIBRATION STEPS  
1. Determine “HOW” your sprayer is to be calibrated from the list of variables below.  
a. Nozzle Type (Teejet, Turbo Turf, Turbo Flood)  
b. Spacing (10" (25 cm) or 20" (51 cm) or 30" (76 cm))  
c. Expression of Application Rate (gpa or gpt or lph)  
The answers to these three questions will direct you to the appropriate nozzle chart for your application.  
The correct nozzle chart MUST be used.  
2. Determine the Desired Application Rate.  
This is determined from the information on chemical labels or other technical information available from  
a variety of sources.  
3. Determine an Acceptable Ground Speed.  
Conditions over which the sprayer will operate generally dictate the appropriate ground speed. Within the  
limits of practicality and efficiency, spraying should generally be done at lowest possible speed. This  
increases operator safety and contributes to more precise application of chemicals. For example, golf  
greens and tees and hill areas would generally be sprayed in the range of 21/2 to 31/2 mph (4-6 kph).  
Larger, open and more level areas such as golf fairways and park or school grounds would be sprayed at  
41/2 to 6 mph (7-10 kph).  
The vehicle which carries or tows the sprayer should be equipped with a precise low-speed speedom-  
eter. If it is not, exact ground speed at a given engine speed must be determined by timing the travel of  
the sprayer over a measured distance.  
4. Determine Nozzle Size.  
Refer to the appropriate nozzle chart in the back of this manual for your nozzle TYPE (the type of nozzle  
you have or type you wish to use), nozzle SPACING and CALIBRATION TYPE (gpm, gpt or lph).  
You will note from the chart, that application rates from any given nozzle decrease as the ground speed  
increases. In other words, the faster you drive, the less material you are applying.  
Application rates are shown in the columns to the right of the charts. Once the desired application rate is  
decided upon, it should be located, as nearly as possible in one of these columns on the appropriate  
chart for your operation. It could well be that the approximate rate desired would be obtained from the  
nozzles already installed in the boom. If this is not possible, then nozzles will need to be changed.  
When selecting a new nozzle size refer to the “Discharge Rate Column” on the nozzle charts.  
The Discharge Rate (gpm or lpm) multiplied by the number of nozzles should not exceed 75%  
of the actual discharge volume of the sprayer pump. [i.e., if you need to use nozzles which  
discharge 0.8 gpm (3.0 lpm), and the spray boom is equipped with 12 nozzles, the sprayer  
pump would have to produce an actual discharge volume of 13 gpm (49 lpm) in order to  
properly supply these nozzles.] If the collective volume of the spray boom nozzles exceeds the  
actual discharge volume of the pump, inadequate pressure and poor nozzle distribution  
patterns may result.  
Once nozzle type and size have been determined, those nozzles are installed in the sprayer boom.  
Nozzles should be expected to be replaced after 15-20 hours of actual sprayer operation. After nozzles  
are installed, make trial application of water over a known area to check application rate.  
28  
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THE NOZZLE CHART METHOD OF CALIBRATION (CONTINUED)  
5. For Sprayer with Electronic Spray Control Systems.  
On sprayers equipped with Electronic Spray Control Systems such as those manufactured by Raven  
Ind., Micro-Trak Co. and Dickey-John Co., it is still important to select the right type and size of nozzle for  
the required operation. Electronic Spray Control Systems cannot function properly if the nozzles are not  
capable of delivering the programmed (desired) application rate. Nozzles which are too large will not  
develop adequate pressure or satisfactory spray patterns. Nozzles which are too small will not allow the  
discharge of spray material at the programmed application rate.  
Further, when calibrating sprayers which are equipped with Electronic Spray Control Systems, care must  
be taken to use the mode of operation on the Spray Control System (Gallons per acre “US” Mode);  
Gallons per 1,000 Square Feet (“Turf” Mode); or Liters per Hectare (Standard International Model), which  
corresponds with the nozzle calibration charts (gpa, gpt or lph).  
6. Using the Nozzle Charts.  
Select the correct chart based on your nozzle type, nozzle spacing and desired expression of application  
rate (gpa, gpt or lph). If the desired operating speed is not found on the nozzle chart, it is simple to  
determine application rate at different speeds by estimating from the known facts.  
Example 1: If the desired speed is 21/2 MPH (4 kph) on a sprayer using TurfJet nozzles (Chart 5). The  
average between the application rates for 2 MPH and 3 MPH may be assumed to be the application rate  
for 21/2 MPH.  
Example 2: The desired speed is 6 MPH. Use the application rate column for 3 MPH a divide by 2.  
7. Converting Nozzle Chart Method to British Gallons.  
To convert any of the Gallon Per Acre rates to Imperial Gallons per acre, (Imp gpa) multiply by 0.83. To  
convert any of the Liter Per Hectare rates to Imperial Gallons Per Hectare (Imp GPH), multiply by 0.22.  
8. Checking the Actual Application Rate.  
After the combination of ground speed, nozzle size and operating pressure has been selected, the  
sprayer should be operated with water only to determine if the target application rate is achieved.  
THE “128” METHOD OF BOOM SPRAYER CALIBRATION  
The “128” Method is useful for calibrating sprayers and also for checking the calibration of sprayer calibrated  
by the Nozzle Chart Method and sprayers using Electronic Spray Control Systems. The “128” is based on a  
convenient mathematical relationship that exists between US Gallons, liquid ounces and acres.  
An ounce is 1/128th of a (US) gallon. If an area which was “1/128th of an acre” could be found, the number of  
ounces applied to that small area would be equal to the number of gallons applied to the acre Thus, no math-  
ematical computations would be required.  
To determine an area which is 1/128 of an acre:  
• On nozzles with 20 inch (51 cm) spacing, measure off a distance of 204 ft (62 meters). Mark a “START”  
and a “STOP” line. The rectangle formed by this distance and the spraying width of one nozzle 20" (51  
cm) is equal to 340 square feet which is equal to 1/128 acre. Therefore, the amount of material applied to  
this area by one nozzle in OUNCES is the same amount of material applied to an acre in GALLONS  
(gpa).  
• On nozzles with 10 inch (25 cm) spacing, the measure distance is 408 feet (124 meters).  
• On nozzles with 30 inch (76 cm) spacing the measured distance is 136 feet (41 meters).  
CALIBRATING FOR APPLICATION  
1. Fill the sprayer tank with water. Run the sprayer, inspect it for leaks and make sure all systems function  
properly.  
2. Drive the sprayer through the measured distance discussed above at normal spraying speed, record the  
travel time required to cover the measured distance in seconds with a stopwatch.  
29  
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THE “128” METHOD OF BOOM SPRAYER CALIBRATION  
The carrying or towing vehicle is to be traveling at the desired speed when it crosses the start  
line of the measured course.  
Repeat this procedure and determine the average of the two times.  
3. With the sprayer parked, run the sprayer at the required pressure level. Catch the output of each nozzle  
in a container which is marked or graduated in Ounces for the exact same period of time which it took  
the sprayer to cover the measured course in step #2. It is necessary to operate the vehicle engine at  
spraying speed using a hand throttle.  
4. Observe the volume of water in the collection bottle. The number of OUNCES collected in the time it  
takes to cover the marked course. Take the average nozzle output by adding the outputs of each nozzle  
and then dividing that sum by the number of nozzles.  
The NUMBER OF OUNCES collected in the time required to cover the SMALL AREA is equal to the  
NUMBER OF GALLONS applied per ACRE. For example: if an average of 40 ounces of water is collected  
in the time required to cover the 1/128 acre area, the application rate is 40 gallons per acre (gpa).  
As a practical matter, if high application rates are desired (above 75 gpa), the measured course  
length should be reduced by half (i.e. 102 ft (31 m) for 20 inch (52 cm) spaced nozzles). The  
volume collected (above) is then doubled (multiplied by 2).  
AVERAGE OUTPUT (Ounces) = APPLICATION RATE (gpa)  
5. Observe individual nozzle output volumes. If an individual nozzle is 10% above or below the average  
output, check for blockages in the nozzle or in the nozzle strainer. If the nozzle is worn or damaged,  
replace it.  
6. Compare this actual application rate with the recommended rate. If the actual rate is more than 5%  
higher or lower than the intended rate, adjustments must be made.  
7. Minor adjustments in application rate may be made by increasing or decreasing the spraying pressure.  
Lowering spraying pressure decreases application rate. Increasing spraying pressure increases applica-  
tion rate. This procedure normally does not apply to spray systems controlled by an Electronic Spray  
Control System, which governs flow rate.  
8. Adjustments in application rate may be made by increasing or decreasing the travel speed of the sprayer  
if conditions permit. Slower speeds increase application rate. Faster speeds decrease application rate.  
9. Nozzle sizes can be changed to provide the correct application rate. Refer to the nozzle charts in this  
book for the desired nozzle type.  
10. Re-calibrate the sprayer (steps 2-6) after any adjustments are made.  
As previously discussed, there are other acceptable methods of Turf Sprayer Calibration. Chemical  
suppliers, Agricultural Extension Agents, Universities and consultants of various types offer helpful advice  
on this subject. Technical catalogues are available from nozzle manufacturers.  
TRANSFERRING THE “128” METHOD INTO METRIC (LITERS PER HECTARE)  
The same steps are used that are used when calibrating in gallons per acre. First a relationship between a  
measurable amount (milliliters) and the calibration amount (liter) is determined. That ratio is 1:1000.  
Now an area which is 1/1000th of a hectare must be measured.  
On spray booms with 51 cm (20 inch) spacing, mark off an area which is 20 meters (65.6 feet) long . The area  
formed by that length and the width of one spray nozzle (20 meters by 0.5 meters) is 10 square meters which is  
1/1000 of a hectare. Therefore, the amount of spray material applied to this small area in milliliters is equal to  
the amount applied to one hectare in liters.  
Then, follow the remaining steps 2-10, substituting milliliters for ounces, liters for gallons, square meters for  
square feet and hectares for acres.  
AVERAGE OUTPUT (Milliliters) = APPLICATION RATE (LITERS/HECTARE)  
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NOZZLE PERFORMANCE CHART #1  
Nozzle Type:  
Spacing:  
XR TeeJet & DG TeeJet  
20 inch (51cm)  
Calibration:  
US Gal/Acre (GPA) & US Gal/1,000 Square Feet (GPT)  
Nozzle  
Pressure Capacity  
Application Rate GPA  
Speed MPH  
Application Rate GPT  
Speed MPH  
4
5.3  
6.5  
7.4  
8.9  
8.2  
9.7  
11.1  
12.6  
10.4  
12.6  
5
6
3.5  
4.3  
5.0  
5.9  
5.4  
6.4  
7.4  
8.9  
6.9  
8.4  
9.9  
11.9  
10.4  
12.9  
14.9  
18.3  
13.9  
17.3  
19.8  
24.0  
17.3  
21.0  
25.0  
30.0  
21.0  
26.0  
30.0  
36.0  
28.0  
34.0  
40.0  
49.0  
59.0  
72.0  
7
3.0  
3.7  
4.2  
5.1  
4.7  
5.5  
6.4  
7.6  
5.9  
7.2  
8.5  
10.2  
8.9  
11.0  
12.7  
15.7  
11.9  
14.9  
17.0  
21.0  
14.9  
18.2  
21.0  
26.0  
17.8  
22.0  
25.0  
31.0  
24.0  
29.0  
34.0  
42.0  
50.0  
60.0  
2
3
4
5
Color  
Size  
psi  
20  
30  
40  
60  
20  
30  
40  
60  
20  
30  
40  
60  
20  
30  
40  
60  
20  
30  
40  
60  
20  
30  
40  
60  
20  
30  
40  
60  
20  
30  
40  
60  
40  
60  
(Gal/Min)  
0.071  
0.087  
0.10  
0.12  
0.11  
0.13  
0.15  
0.18  
0.14  
0.17  
0.20  
0.24  
0.21  
0.26  
0.30  
0.37  
0.28  
0.35  
0.40  
0.49  
0.35  
0.43  
0.50  
0.61  
0.42  
0.52  
0.60  
0.73  
0.57  
0.69  
0.80  
0.98  
1.00  
1.20  
4.2  
5.2  
5.9  
7.1  
6.5  
7.7  
8.9  
10.7  
8.3  
10.1  
0.24  
0.31  
0.34  
0.41  
0.38  
0.44  
0.51  
0.61  
0.48  
0.58  
0.68  
0.82  
0.72  
0.89  
1.02  
1.26  
0.98  
1.20  
1.40  
1.70  
1.20  
1.50  
1.70  
2.10  
1.40  
1.80  
2.00  
2.50  
1.90  
2.40  
2.70  
3.30  
3.40  
4.10  
0.16  
0.21  
0.23  
0.28  
0.25  
0.30  
0.34  
0.41  
0.32  
0.39  
0.45  
0.54  
0.48  
0.59  
0.68  
0.84  
0.64  
0.80  
0.91  
1.10  
0.80  
0.98  
1.10  
1.40  
0.95  
1.20  
1.40  
1.70  
1.30  
1.60  
1.80  
2.20  
2.30  
2.80  
0.12  
0.16  
0.17  
0.21  
0.19  
0.22  
0.26  
0.31  
0.24  
0.29  
0.34  
0.41  
0.36  
0.44  
0.51  
0.63  
0.48  
0.60  
0.68  
0.84  
0.60  
0.73  
0.85  
1.00  
0.72  
0.89  
1.00  
1.20  
0.97  
1.20  
1.40  
1.70  
1.70  
2.10  
0.10  
0.11  
0.14  
0.16  
0.15  
0.18  
0.20  
0.25  
0.19  
0.23  
0.27  
0.33  
0.29  
0.35  
0.41  
0.50  
0.38  
0.48  
0.55  
0.67  
0.48  
0.59  
0.68  
0.83  
0.57  
0.57  
0.82  
0.99  
0.78  
0.94  
1.10  
1.30  
1.40  
1.70  
Orange  
XR8001  
XR80015  
DG80015  
Green  
Yellow  
Blue  
XR8002  
DG8002  
14.96 11.9  
17.8  
15.6  
19.3  
22.0  
27.0  
21.0  
26.0  
30.0  
36.0  
26.0  
32.0  
37.0  
45.0  
31.0  
39.0  
45.0  
54.0  
42.0  
51.0  
59.0  
73.0  
128  
13.1  
12.5  
15.4  
17.8  
22.0  
16.6  
21.0  
24.0  
29.0  
21.0  
26.0  
30.0  
36.0  
25.0  
31.0  
36.0  
43.0  
34.0  
41.0  
48.0  
58.0  
74.0  
91.0  
XR8003  
DG8003  
XR8004  
DG8004  
Red  
XR8005  
DG8005  
Brown  
Gray  
XR8006  
White  
Steel  
XR8008  
SS8010  
156  
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NOZZLE PERFORMANCE CHART #2  
Nozzle Type:  
Spacing:  
XR TeeJet & DG TeeJet  
20 inch (51cm)  
Calibration:  
Liters Per hectare  
Nozzle  
Application Rate l/ha  
Speed km/h  
Pressure Capacity  
4
84  
96  
5
6
7
Color  
Size  
bar  
1.5  
2.0  
3.0  
4.0  
1.5  
2.0  
3.0  
4.0  
1.5  
2.0  
3.0  
4.0  
1.5  
2.0  
3.0  
4.0  
1.5  
2.0  
3.0  
4.0  
1.5  
2.0  
3.0  
4.0  
1.5  
2.0  
3.0  
4.0  
1.5  
2.0  
3.0  
4.0  
3.0  
4.0  
(l/min)  
0.28  
0.32  
0.39  
0.45  
0.42  
0.48  
0.59  
0.68  
0.56  
0.65  
0.79  
0.91  
0.83  
0.96  
1.18  
1.36  
1.12  
1.29  
1.58  
1.82  
1.39  
1.61  
1.97  
2.27  
1.68  
1.94  
2.37  
2.74  
2.23  
2.58  
3.16  
3.65  
3.95  
4.56  
67.2  
76.8  
93.6  
108  
101  
115  
142  
163  
134  
156  
190  
218  
199  
230  
283  
326  
269  
310  
379  
437  
334  
386  
473  
545  
403  
466  
569  
658  
535  
619  
758  
876  
948  
56.0  
64.0  
78.0  
90.0  
84.0  
96.0  
118  
136  
112  
130  
158  
182  
166  
192  
236  
272  
224  
258  
316  
364  
278  
322  
394  
454  
336  
388  
474  
548  
446  
516  
632  
730  
790  
912  
48.0  
54.9  
66.9  
77.1  
72.0  
82.3  
101  
117  
96.0  
111  
135  
156  
142  
165  
202  
233  
192  
221  
271  
312  
238  
276  
338  
389  
288  
333  
406  
470  
382  
442  
542  
626  
677  
782  
Orange  
XR8001  
117  
135  
126  
144  
177  
204  
168  
195  
237  
273  
249  
288  
354  
408  
336  
387  
474  
546  
417  
483  
591  
681  
504  
582  
711  
822  
669  
774  
948  
1095  
1185  
XR80015  
DG80015  
Green  
Yellow  
Blue  
XR8002  
DG8002  
XR8003  
DG8003  
XR8004  
DG8004  
Red  
XR8005  
DG8005  
Brown  
Gray  
XR8006  
White  
Steel  
XR8008  
SS8010  
1368 1094  
32  
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NOZZLE PERFORMANCE CHART #3  
Nozzle Type:  
Spacing:  
Turbo FloodJet  
40 inch (100cm)  
Calibration:  
US Gal/Acre (GPA) & US Gal/1,000 Square Feet (GPT)  
Nozzle  
Pressure Capacity  
Application Rate GPA  
Speed MPH  
Application Rate GPT  
Speed MPH  
4
5
8.3  
6
6.9  
8.7  
8.7  
7
5.9  
7.4  
7.4  
9.1  
8.9  
11.0  
12.1  
14.6  
15.1  
18.5  
22.0  
28.0  
30.0  
37.0  
4
5
6
7
Color  
Size  
psi  
20  
30  
20  
30  
20  
30  
20  
30  
20  
30  
20  
30  
20  
30  
(Gal/Min)  
0.28  
0.35  
0.35  
0.43  
0.42  
0.52  
0.57  
0.69  
0.71  
0.87  
1.06  
1.30  
1.41  
1.73  
10.4  
13.0  
13.0  
16.0  
15.6  
19.3  
21.0  
26.0  
26.0  
32.0  
39.0  
48.0  
52.0  
64.0  
.24  
.30  
.30  
.37  
.36  
.44  
.48  
.59  
.60  
.74  
.90  
1.11  
1.20  
1.47  
Red  
TF-VS2  
10.4  
10.4  
12.8  
12.5  
15.4  
16.9  
20.0  
21.0  
26.0  
31.0  
39.0  
42.0  
51.0  
Brown TF-VS2.5  
10.6  
10.4  
12.9  
14.1  
17.1  
17.6  
22.0  
26.0  
32.0  
35.0  
43.0  
Gray  
White  
Blue  
TF-VS3  
TF-VS4  
TF-VS5  
Green TF-VS7.5  
Black TF-VS10  
33  
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NOZZLE PERFORMANCE CHART #4  
Nozzle Type:  
Spacing:  
Calibration:  
Turbo FloodJet  
40 inch (100cm)  
Liters Per Hectare  
Nozzle  
Application Rate l/ha  
Speed km/h  
Application Rate GPT  
Speed MPH  
Pressure Capacity  
4
6
8
10  
66.6  
77.4  
84.0  
96.6  
101  
116  
112  
129  
167  
193  
251  
290  
335  
387  
Color  
Size  
TF-VS2  
bar  
1.5  
2.0  
1.5  
2.0  
1.5  
2.0  
1.5  
2.0  
1.5  
2.0  
1.5  
2.0  
1.5  
2.0  
(l/min)  
1.11  
1.29  
1.40  
1.61  
1.68  
1.94  
2.23  
2.57  
2.79  
3.22  
4.19  
4.83  
5.58  
6.45  
167  
194  
210  
242  
252  
291  
335  
386  
419  
483  
629  
726  
837  
968  
111  
129  
140  
161  
168  
194  
223  
257  
279  
322  
419  
484  
558  
645  
83.3  
96.8  
105  
121  
126  
146  
167  
193  
209  
242  
314  
363  
419  
484  
Red  
Brown TF-VS2.5  
Gray  
White  
Blue  
TF-VS3  
TF-VS4  
TF-VS5  
Green TF-VS7.5  
Black TF-VS10  
34  
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NOZZLE PERFORMANCE CHART #5  
Nozzle Type:  
Spacing:  
Turbo TurfJet  
20 inch (51cm)  
Calibration:  
US Gal/Acre (GPA) & US Gal/1,000 Square Feet (GPT)  
Nozzle  
Pressure Capacity  
Application Rate GPA  
Speed MPH (KPH)  
Application Rate GPT  
Speed MPH (KPH)  
3 (5)  
15.8  
16.8  
19.8  
22  
32  
35  
40  
45  
40  
43  
50  
55  
47  
51  
59  
66  
62  
68  
79  
88  
78  
86  
99  
111  
118  
129  
149  
166  
4 (6)  
11.9  
12.6  
14.9  
16.3  
24  
26  
30  
33  
30  
32  
37  
42  
35  
39  
45  
50  
47  
41  
59  
66  
59  
65  
74  
83  
88  
5 (8) 6 (10)  
3 (5)  
4 (6)  
.27  
.29  
.34  
.37  
.54  
.60  
.68  
.77  
.68  
.73  
.85  
.95  
.80  
.88  
1.0  
1.1  
1.1  
1.2  
1.4  
1.5  
1.3  
1.5  
1.7  
1.9  
2.0  
2.2  
2.6  
2.9  
5 (8) 6 (10)  
Color  
Size  
psi  
25  
30  
40  
50  
25  
30  
40  
50  
25  
30  
40  
50  
25  
30  
40  
50  
25  
30  
40  
50  
25  
30  
40  
50  
25  
30  
40  
50  
(Gal/Min)  
.16  
9.5  
10.1  
11.9  
13.1  
19.0  
21  
7.9  
8.4  
9.9  
10.9  
15.8  
17.3  
19.8  
22  
.36  
.39  
.45  
.50  
.73  
.79  
.91  
1.0  
.91  
.97  
1.1  
1.3  
1.1  
1.2  
1.4  
1.5  
1.4  
1.6  
1.8  
2.0  
1.8  
2.0  
2.3  
2.5  
2.7  
2.9  
3.4  
3.8  
.22  
.23  
.27  
.30  
.44  
.48  
.54  
.61  
.54  
.58  
.68  
.76  
.64  
.71  
.82  
.91  
.86  
.94  
1.1  
1.2  
1.1  
1.2  
1.4  
1.5  
1.6  
1.8  
2.0  
2.3  
.18  
.19  
.23  
.25  
.36  
.40  
.45  
.51  
.45  
.49  
.57  
.63  
.53  
.59  
.68  
.76  
.71  
.78  
.91  
1.0  
.90  
.99  
1.1  
1.3  
1.3  
1.5  
1.7  
1.9  
.17  
.20  
.22  
.32  
.35  
.40  
.45  
.40  
.43  
.50  
.56  
.47  
.52  
.60  
.67  
.63  
1/4 TTJ02-VS  
1/4 TTJ04-VS  
1/4 TTJ05-VS  
1/4 TTJ06-VS  
1/4 TTJ08-VS  
1/4 TTJ10-VS  
1/4 TTJ15-VS  
Yellow  
Red  
Brown  
Gray  
24  
27  
24  
26  
19.8  
21  
30  
25  
33  
28  
28  
23  
31  
26  
36  
30  
40  
33  
37  
31  
.69  
.80  
.89  
.79  
41  
34  
White  
L. Blue  
L. Green  
48  
40  
53  
44  
47  
39  
.87  
52  
43  
1.00  
1.12  
1.19  
1.30  
1.50  
1.68  
59  
50  
67  
55  
71  
59  
97  
111  
125  
77  
64  
89  
74  
100  
83  
35  
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NOZZLE PERFORMANCE CHART #6  
Nozzle Type:  
Spacing:  
Calibration:  
Turbo TurfJet  
20 inch (51cm)  
Liters Per Hectare  
Nozzle  
Application Rate l/ha  
Speed KPH (MPH)  
Pressure Capacity  
4 (2.5) 6 (4)  
8 (5) 10 (6)  
34.5 27.6  
42.0 33.6  
48.8 32.5  
60.0 48.0  
68.3 54.6  
83.3 66.6  
95.8 77.4  
119 94.8  
85.5 68.4  
105 84.0  
121 96.6  
148 118  
103 82.2  
126 101  
146 116  
178 142  
137 109  
167 134  
193 154  
236 189  
171 137  
209 167  
242 193  
295 237  
257 205  
314 251  
363 290  
444 355  
Color  
Size  
bar  
1.0  
1.5  
2.0  
3.0  
1.0  
1.5  
2.0  
3.0  
1.0  
1.5  
2.0  
3.0  
1.0  
1.5  
2.0  
3.0  
1.0  
1.5  
2.0  
3.0  
1.0  
1.5  
2.0  
3.0  
1.0  
1.5  
2.0  
3.0  
(l/min)  
0.46  
0.56  
0.65  
0.80  
.091  
1.11  
1.29  
1.58  
1.14  
1.40  
1.61  
1.97  
1.37  
1.68  
1.94  
2.37  
1.82  
2.23  
2.57  
3.15  
2.28  
2.79  
3.22  
3.95  
3.42  
4.19  
4.84  
5.92  
69.0  
84.0  
97.5  
46.0  
56.0  
65.0  
1/4 TTJ02-VS  
1/4 TTJ04-VS  
1/4 TTJ05-VS  
1/4 TTJ06-VS  
1/4 TTJ08-VS  
1/4 TTJ10-VS  
1/4 TTJ15-VS  
Yellow  
120.0 80.0  
137  
167  
194  
237  
171  
210  
242  
296  
206  
252  
291  
356  
273  
335  
385  
473  
342  
419  
483  
593  
513  
629  
726  
888  
91.0  
111  
129  
158  
114  
140  
161  
197  
137  
168  
194  
237  
182  
223  
257  
315  
228  
279  
322  
395  
342  
419  
484  
592  
Red  
Brown  
Gray  
White  
L. Blue  
L. Green  
36  
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ABBREVIATIONS AND CONVERSIONS  
gpm  
lit/min  
dl/min  
psi  
Gallons per minute  
Liters per minute  
Deciliter per minute  
Pounds per square inch  
Kilometers  
cm  
dm  
m
Centimeters  
Decimeters  
Meter  
mm  
mph  
km/h  
us  
Millimeters  
km  
Miles per hour  
Kilometers per hour  
Volume per ACRE  
Volume per Hectare  
Volume per 1,000 sq ft  
gpa  
Gallon per acre  
lit/ha  
ml/ha  
gpk  
Liters per hectare  
Milliliter per hectare  
Gallons per 1,000 sq ft  
Si  
TU  
AREA & SPEED  
Distance (feet) x 0.68 = Travel Speed (MPH) Travel Time (seconds)  
Time Required in Seconds to Travel a Distance of:  
100 Ft 200 Ft 300 Ft  
Speed (MPH)  
1.0  
1.5  
2.0  
2.5  
3.0  
3.5  
4.0  
4.5  
5.0  
68  
136  
205  
46  
34  
27  
23  
20  
17  
15  
13  
92  
68  
54  
46  
40  
34  
30  
28  
136  
103  
82  
68  
58  
52  
46  
41  
LIQUID/VOLUME  
1 US Gallon x 128 = Fluid Ounces  
1 US Gallon x 3.785 = Liters  
1 US Gallon x 0.83267 = Imperial Gallons  
1 US Gallon x 8.34 = Pounds (Water)  
1 Gallon Per Acre = 2.9 Fluid Ounces per 1,000 Square Feet = 9.35 Liters Per Hectare  
1 Gallon Per 1,000 Square Feet = 43.56 Gallons Per Acre  
1 Gallon = 128 Fluid Ounces = 8 Pints = 4 Quarts = 3.79 Liters = 0.83 Imperial Gallons  
5940 × GPM (per nozzle)  
MPH × Nozzle Spacing Width (inches)  
gpa =  
MPH x Nozzle Spacing Width (inches)  
136×GPM (per nozzle)  
MPH ×NozzleSpacingWidth(inches)  
GAL. 1,000 Square Feet =  
LENGTH/DISTANCE  
1 millimeter (mm) = 0.039 inch  
AREA  
1 square meter = 10.764 sq feet  
1 centimeter (cm) = 0.393 inch  
1 meter (m) = 3.281 feet  
1 hectare (ha) = 2.471 acres = 10,000 sq meters  
1 acre = 0.405 hectare = 43,560 Square Feet  
1 sq mile = 640 acres = 258.9 hectares  
1 kilometer (km) = 0.621 mile  
1 inch = 25.4 millimeters; 2.54 centimeters  
1 mile = 5280 Feet = 1610 Meters = 1.609 Kilometers  
PRESSURE  
1 Pound Per Square Inch = 0.069 Bar  
d
37  
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EC Declaration of Conformity  
according to Directive 89/392/EEC  
We  
SMITHCO INC.  
(Name of supplier)  
34 West Ave. Wayne, PA 19087 USA  
(Full address of the manufacture - authorized representative established in the Community must also give the  
business name and address of the manufacture)  
declare under our sole responsibility, that the product  
Spray Star 1600HD / 14-310-B  
(Make, Model)  
to which this declaration relates corresponds to the relevant basic safety and health requirements of the Directive  
89/392/EEC,  
(if applicable)  
and to the requirements of the other Directives:  
EN292-1  
EN292-2  
EN294  
EN349  
98/37  
339/93/EEC  
91/368/EEC  
2000/14/EC  
(Title and/or number and date of issue of the other Directives)  
(if applicable)  
For the relevant implementation of the safety and health requirements mentioned in the Directives, the following  
standard(s) and/or technical specification(s) has (have) been respected:  
ISO 37-1983  
PREN 836  
ISO 1219-1976  
SAE HS-2800  
SAE J1362  
(Title and/or number and date of issue of standard(s) and/or technical specification(s))  
Cameron, Wisconsin USA  
(Place and date of issue)  
(Name, function and signature of the authorized person)  
38  
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LIMITED WARRANTY  
SMITHCO warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal  
use for one year from the date of purchase by the original user. (60 days if product is used for rental  
purposes.) All warranty claims must be handled through a SMITHCO authorized dealer or by  
SMITHCO, INC. All transportation charges must be paid by the purchaser.  
There is no further express warranty. All implied warranties, including those of merchantability and  
fitness for a particular purpose, are limited to one year, (60 days if product is used for rental pur-  
poses) from the date of purchase by the original user, and to the extent permitted by law any and all  
implied warranties are excluded and disclaimed after the expiration of such period.  
All incidental and consequential damages, including pickup and delivery of the unit, communica-  
tion, mileage charges and/or rental of a replacement unit during repair, are not covered under this  
warranty, nor is any loss of income and/or other loss resulting from the failure of the product to  
function due to a warranty defect.  
The following items are not covered under the SMITHCO warranty, and are warranted by their  
respective manufacturer.  
(a) Engine and engine parts, including starters, generators, alternators and filters.  
(b) Transaxle, differentials, gear boxes and mechanical pumps.  
(c) Hydrostatic transmissions, hydraulic pumps and motors.  
(d) Batteries.  
(e) Wheels and tires.  
A copy of the warranty for the above items is furnished if necessary with each SMITHCO product.  
Some states do not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts, or the exclusion or  
limitations of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitations or exclusions may not  
apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights, which  
may vary from state to state.  
Federal law now requires disclosure of the warranty which applies to this product prior to the sale to  
a customer. Please leave this statement attached to the product and allow the buyer to remove it  
after purchase.  
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Part #74-17  
041503  
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