Soundstream Technologies Stereo Amplifier Class A 100 User Manual

SERIES AND PARALLEL WIRING  
REFERENCE  
Class A  
5.0 & 10.0  
Power Amplifiers  
2-4 ohm drivers in parallel  
= 2 ohms  
OWNERS MANUAL  
AND  
INSTALLATION GUIDE  
4-4 ohm drivers in parallel  
=1 ohm  
2-4 ohm drivers in series  
= 8 ohms  
SOUNDSTREAM TECHNOLOGIES  
120 Blue Ravine Road Folsom California 95630 USA  
ph 916.351.1288 fax 916.351.0414  
rev B - 4.17.96  
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PROTECTION CIRCUITRY  
TABLE OF CONTENTS  
Your REFERENCE Class A amplifier is protected against both overheating and  
short circuits by means of the following circuits:  
· Main power supply fuses  
· Smart Power Supply Thermal Rollback activating at 85°C.  
· A fail-safe thermal protection circuit activating at 95°C.  
Design Features................................................................. 4 - 5  
AIRBASS™............................................................................. 5  
Reference Class A 5.0 Diagram......................................... 6 - 7  
Reference Class A 10.0 Diagram....................................... 8 - 9  
Selecting Input Modes........................................................... 10  
Balanced / Unbalanced Input................................................ 11  
Wiring & Wiring Diagram................................................ 12 - 13  
Installation and Mounting ...................................................... 14  
Level Setting ......................................................................... 15  
LSE.Q Theory and Use.................................................. 16 - 17  
Protection Circuitry & Troubleshooting.................................. 18  
Service.................................................................................. 19  
Specifications........................................................................ 19  
Your amplifier also incorporates an innovative Fault Diagnosis system that  
NOTE: If you experience blown main power supply fuses, DO NOT increase  
values beyond the original fuse value! Doing so will void your warranty and may  
damage your amplifier.  
If you blow fuses with the REFERENCE Class A  
amplifiers, it is likely that the amplifier is seeing a dead short, either in the speaker  
TROUBLESHOOTING  
PROBLEM  
CAUSE  
No sound and power LED is  
not lit  
· No power or ground at amp  
· No remote turn-on signal  
· Blown fuse near battery  
No sound, a power LED is lit,  
and the AIRBASS™ option  
has not been added.  
· No signal input  
· The AIRBASS™ switch is in the "IN" posi-  
tion. Move it to the "OUT" position  
Fault LED is lit  
· Amp power supply fuse is blown or miss-  
ing  
Repeatedly blown amp fuse,  
frequent activation of Smart  
Power Supply Circuit  
· Speaker or leads may be shorted  
· Verify adequate amplifier ventilation  
Not enough input sensitivity  
while using Balanced input  
· Be sure both Left and Right Input Signal  
Switches are set to the "BAL" position  
Left and Right Input Over-  
load indicators lighting  
· Input signal level is too high - readjust in-  
put gains, or select the 0.5-5V input signal  
level range  
Alternator whine while using  
Unbalanced RCA inputs  
· Make sure the Right Input Signal Switch is  
in the "UNBAL" position.  
· Try the Left Input Signal Switch in the  
"BAL" and "UNBAL" position: leave the  
switch in the quietest position. This will  
3
not effect the performance of the amplifier.  
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LSE.Q THEORY AND USE (continued)  
8.0  
DESIGN FEATURES  
This is due to the loss of any  
appreciable resistive air mass. At  
7.0  
· Pure Class A Output Topology for the utmost in musicality and definitive  
power output. Soundstream's unique design allows the Class A amplifiers to  
deliver incomparable sonics or, when operated at lower impedances, to  
provide phenomenal amounts of power.  
6.0  
5.0  
frequencies below resonance, the  
Xd  
4.0  
woofer starts to behave as if it were (mM)  
3.0  
2.0  
mounted in “free-air”. If we wish to  
1.0  
· Uncompromising Design and Construction including mil-spec glass  
epoxy circuit boards and high current custom gold-plated solid brass  
connections that will accept up to 4 gauge power/ground wire.  
improve the performance of  
a
0.0  
10  
Frequency (Hz)  
50  
100  
200  
vented system, we should remove  
these unwanted signals from our  
system. These can be removed by  
adding a subsonic filter. Figure 5 shows the effectiveness of LSE.Q on  
woofer excursion. Woofer travel is 7.5 mm at 10 Hz, with LSE.Q  
properly adjusted, this excursion can be  
reduced to less than 1 mm. This is of great  
benefit to lowering woofer distortion and  
increasing output.  
FIG. 5 Limited Excursion  
· Quad Factor™ Circuitry - Soundstream’s newest power supply design  
allows the Class A amplifiers to make four times the power when going from  
a 4 ohm stereo load to a 2 ohm stereo load, and again when going from a 2  
ohm stereo to a 1/2 ohm stereo load!  
· Coherent StereoTM/Mixed Mono selection for either “pure” stereo operation  
or mixed mono for simultaneous stereo and mono.  
· ChassisinkTM Darlington Power Array - Soundstream’s “overbuilding” of  
the output section incorporates multiple output transistors instead of a few  
for faster, stronger power delivery. The transistors are sandwiched between  
the circuit board and the heatsink in a design called ChassisinkTM to ensure  
cool, efficient amplifier operation.  
Adjustment  
An easy method of optimizing your existing  
subwoofer enclosure with LSE.Q's “Hz” control  
is as follows.  
1Adjust frequency and boost control to full  
CCW position. (See figure 6)  
· PowerGrid Power Supply Design - All power supply components are  
located near one another, connected by thick, wide PCB traces, which  
ensures rapid, high current delivery. The entire power supply is isolated on  
one side of the circuit board while the audio stage is located opposite it,  
guaranteeing minimal noise.  
FIG. 6 LSE.Q Setting  
2While listening to music with strong bass content at a moderate level,  
slowly adjust frequency control clockwise. Listen for a reduction of  
bass response. Now, rotate  
10  
· Ultra-Low ESR Capacitance Bank - Multiple small input power capacitors  
are used to provide a lower ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance), which  
means more power in and out faster.  
frequency control slightly  
backwards. This serves the purpose  
5
0
of removing the “subsonic” bass  
energy.  
Soundstream’s LSE.Q contains the  
-5  
dB  
-10  
· Smart Thermal Rollback - Most amplifiers shut off when they get too hot.  
In the unlikely event the REFERENCE Class A amplifier reaches 85° C, it will  
gradually roll back its average power (without affecting the dynamics). Once  
the amplifier has cooled off, it returns to full power output. If overheating  
should continue, a second thermal sensing protection circuit will shut off the  
amplifier if the heatsink reaches 95° C.  
-15  
-20  
same type of circuit with the added  
benefit of infinite adjustability. Our  
“Q” and “Hz” control can provide  
virtually any combination of boost  
-25  
-30  
10  
Frequency (Hz)  
50  
100  
200  
FIG. 7 Various Settings  
· Fault Monitor LED on the top panel notifies you of blown power supply  
fuses.  
NOTE: The LSE.Q circuit on the Class A 10.0 can be defeated for flat  
operation down to 20 Hz by placing the LSE.Q switch in the "OUT"  
position. You may wish to use this option to achieve a higher S/N Ratio  
when using ultra-high efficiency speakers, such as compression  
· 1/4 ohm Drive Ability - The REFERENCE Class A amplifiers are designed  
to drive virtually any load—all the way down to 1/4 ohm stereo (1/2 ohm  
mono).  
· Dual Discrete Class A Drive Stages - Over six times the drive current of  
4
17  
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LSE.Q THEORY AND USE (Class A 10.0)  
LSE.Q is a unique subwoofer control circuit  
most amplifiers in the Class A 5.0, and over twelve times in the Class A  
10.0! More drive current maintains the amplifiers' performance into low  
impedance loads.  
included  
with  
the  
SOUNDSTREAM  
REFERENCE Class A 10.0 amplifier. It is  
capable of removing subsonic energy in program  
material. The circuit consists of two controls.  
One adjusts the frequency of operation and the  
other adjusts the range of boost. With both  
controls adjusted fully counter-clockwise, no  
boost is applied and the amplifier is flat in  
response down to 30 Hz.  
· Drive DelayTM Muted Turn-on/off Circuit - A unique circuit which  
completely eliminates any amplifier-related turn-on/off noises.  
· Flexible Dual Input Level Sensitivity accepts 2 voltage ranges; from 200  
mV to 2.0 V and from 500 mV to 5.0 V, permitting maximum output from the  
amplifier with virtually any source unit.  
FIG. 1 LSE.Q  
· Differential Balanced Input Design for added immunity to noise caused by  
component and vehicle electrical system interaction when using Unbalanced  
RCA inputs.  
The frequency control (Hz) adjusts the starting point of the subsonic  
10  
filter. This high pass filter can be  
adjusted from 30 Hz up to a  
maximum of 60 Hz. This control  
is useful for setting the lowest  
frequency that your subwoofer will  
see. (See figure 1)  
5
Q=2.8  
0
· True Balanced Input for professional-quality performance and noise  
cancellation. The 6-pin din plug carries (+) and (-) Signal information for Left  
and Right channels, audio ground, and ±15 Vdc to operate the Soundstream  
BLT Balanced Line Transmitter.  
-5  
dB  
Q=0.707  
-10  
-15  
-20  
-25  
-30  
The  
amount of boost applied at the set  
frequency. This is adjustable  
Q
control adjusts the  
10  
Frequency (Hz)  
50  
100  
200  
FIG. 2 Variable “Q”  
10  
5
from .707 (flat) to 2.8 (+9 dB).  
(See figure 2)  
AIRBASS™ ACCESSORY OPTION  
0
-5  
When the Q is set to .707  
(Butterworth), LSE.Q acts as a dB  
sub-sonic filter only. (See figure  
3)  
Soundstream's new AIRBASS™ feature can be added to the REFERENCE  
Class A amplifiers. This feature allows wireless RF remote control level  
adjustment of the amplifier.  
-10  
-15  
-20  
-25  
-30  
NOTE: The AIRBASS™ accessory is intended to be used only while the  
10  
Frequency (Hz)  
50  
100  
200  
The simple act of removing the  
signal below the vented tuning  
frequency can improve system  
REFERENCE Class A amplifiers are driving subwoofers.  
When the  
FIG. 3 Variable High Pass  
AIRBASSaccessory is added to a REFERENCE Class A amplifier, it  
automatically configures the amplifier into Bridged Mono mode. (The Coherent  
Stereo / Mixed Mono / Bridged Mono switch is bypassed.) Therefore, when  
using AIRBASS™, follow the Bridged Mono input and output wiring  
output by as much as 3 dB. With Q values greater than .707, boost is  
added to the sub-sonic filter. (see  
10  
figure 4)  
5
0
Application  
-5  
dB  
Installing AIRBASS™ involves removing the bottom plate of the amplifier,  
adding the AIRBASS™ circuit board, and flipping a switch. The switch is  
labeled on the amplifier's main circuit board. DO NOT set the AIRBASS™  
switch to the "IN" position unless the AIRBASS™ module has been added.  
DO NOT move the AIRBASS™ switch while the amplifier is "ON". Doing so  
may damage your speakers. (Please refer to the AIRBASS™ owner's /  
installation manual for more details.)  
-10  
-15  
-20  
-25  
-30  
Woofers in vented enclosures have  
good power handling characteristics  
above the tuning frequency, but  
below the tuning frequency, power  
handling drops off considerably.  
10  
Frequency (Hz)  
50  
100  
200  
FIG. 4 Variable “Q”  
16  
5
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INSTALLATION STEP 5  
Class A 5.0  
LEVEL SETTING  
The input levels are adjusted by means of the individual channel input level  
controls located on the front of the amplifier. This is a unique dual-stage  
circuit that adjusts both level and gain. This topology maintains better Signal  
to Noise ratios even when using sources with minimal output.  
In the ideal situation, all components in the audio system reach maximum  
undistorted output at the same time. The reason is because an amplifier will  
only make what comes into it bigger. So, if you send it a distorted signal from  
the head unit, the amplifier is going to amplify distorted information. The  
same thing holds true if an outboard processor or crossover begins to distort  
before you have maximum output from the amplifier.  
By setting all  
components to reach clipping at the same time, you can maximize the output  
of your system. For the REFERENCE Class A amplifiers, follow the following  
steps for the quickest, easiest means of setting the levels.  
1. Turn the amp’s input levels to minimum position (fully counter-  
clockwise).  
2. Begin with the input level switch in the 0.5 - 5.0 Volt position.  
3. Set source unit volume to approximately 3/4 of full volume.  
4. While playing dynamic source material, slowly increase the amplifier’s  
input level until a near maximum undistorted level is heard in the  
system.  
If your preamplifier / source unit has an extremely high output level, be sure to  
pay attention to the clipping indicators located on the top of the amplifier.  
These indicators will notify you if you are clipping the PREAMPLIFIER stage of  
the amplifier. If the amplifier's output is distorted and the clipping lights are  
not blinking, you are most likely clipping the OUTPUTS of the amplifier, or  
driving the speaker to distortion.  
6
15  
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INSTALLATION STEP 4  
INSTALLATION AND MOUNTING  
Key to Callouts  
1. AMPLIFIER LOCATION  
The REFERENCE Class A amplifiers employ highly efficient circuitry and a  
unique ChassisinkTM design to maintain lower operating temperatures.  
Additional cooling may be required if the amplifier is located in a tightly  
confined area or when driving especially low impedance loads at extremely  
high levels.  
1. Fault LED - Indicates a blown fuse.  
2. Power LED - Indicates amplifier power on.  
3. Input Overload Indicators - Indicates the signal input level or input gain  
level is too high.  
4. Input Level Selector Switch - Selectable input sensitivity range from 0.2-  
2 Volts RMS, or from 0.5-5 Volts RMS.  
5. Left Channel Balanced / Unbalanced Input Selector Switch - Select  
"Balanced" to use the 6 pin Balanced signal Input. Select "Unbalanced" to  
use the RCA signal inputs.  
6. Right Channel Balanced / Unbalanced Input Selector Switch - Select  
"Balanced" to use the 6 pin Balanced signal Input. Select "Unbalanced" to  
use the RCA signal inputs.  
When mounting the amplifier, it should be securely mounted to either a panel  
in the vehicle or an amp board or rack that is securely mounted to the vehicle.  
The mounting location should be either in the passenger compartment or in the  
trunk of the vehicle, away from moisture, stray or moving objects, and major  
electrical components. To provide adequate ventilation, mount the amplifier so  
that there are at least two inches of freely circulating air above and to the sides  
of it.  
7. Main Fuse - Main power supply fuse. Replace only with the same value  
fuse.  
8. +12V - Connected to a fuse or circuit breaker, then to the battery's positive  
post.  
9. GND - Main ground connection. Bolt to a clean chassis ground in the  
vehicle.  
2. SWITCHES  
Set the Coherent StereoTM/Mixed-Mono/Bridged Mono and Amplifier crossover  
switches on the bottom of the amplifier to the appropriate positions before  
bolting down the amplifier (see pages 13 - 16). Be sure to replace the hole  
plugs.  
10. REM - Remote turn-on input from the head unit. Accepts +12V.  
11. Speaker Output Connections - Left and right channels.  
12. Input Level - Independent Left and Right channel input level controls.  
13. Balanced Signal Input Connector - 6-pin Balanced signal input  
connector for use with the Soundstream BLT Balanced Line Transmitter.  
14. Inputs - Right and left channel RCA (Unbalanced ) inputs; only right  
channel input is used in "Mono" mode.  
15. Coherent Stereo/Bridge/Mixed Mono switch - Select "Bridge" for  
bridged mono operation (use right channel input). Select "Stereo" for  
coherent stereo operation. Select "Mixed Mono" for simultaneous stereo /  
bridged mono operation.  
3. MOUNTING THE AMPLIFIER  
a. Using the amplifier as a template, mark the mounting surface.  
b. Remove the amplifier and drill the holes.  
c. Mount the amplifier to the surface using the provided hardware.  
4. WIRING  
a. Run and connect the audio signal and remote turn-on cables to the  
amplifier from the source unit.  
b. Carefully run the positive cable from the amplifier to a fuse or circuit  
breaker within 18” of the battery.  
c. Connect the fuse or circuit breaker to the battery. Leave the circuit breaker  
off or the fuse out until everything is bolted down.  
NOTE: There may be a sizable spark when connecting the power and ground  
lead to the amplifier for the first time. Please see the comment on the previous  
d. Secure the ground cable to a solid chassis ground on the vehicle. It may  
be necessary to sand paint down to raw metal for a good connection.  
e. Double check each and every connection!  
14  
7
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Class A  
(Continued from page 12)  
of blown power supply fuse, the “Fault” indicator on the top panel will light.  
The fuse is accessible from the front panel of the amplifier. See the chart  
below to determine the fuse value. Never replace the fuses with a higher  
value than what is supplied. This may result in amplifier damage and will  
REFERENCE Class A Amplifier Fuse Values  
Amplifier  
Amplifier Fuse  
Battery Fuse /  
Circuit Breaker  
40 amp Maxi-Fuse  
80 amp Maxi-Fuse  
60 amp  
Class A 5.0  
100 amp  
Class A 10.0  
REMOTE TURN-ON  
Connect the “Remote” to the turn-on lead from the source unit. When +12  
volts is received, the amplifier will turn on.  
SIGNAL CABLE  
Use a high-quality cable that will be easy to install and has minimal signal loss  
to guarantee optimum performance. Soundstream’s DL 1 and SL 1 are  
ideal when using the Unbalanced RCA inputs. While using the Balanced DIN  
input, use the cable supplied with the BLT.  
SPEAKER CABLE  
The REFERENCE Class A amps will accept up to 8 gauge speaker cable.  
Use a high quality, flexible, multi-strand cable for best performance and  
longevity. Soundstream Speaker120 & 160 (12 and 16 gauge) are ideal.  
WIRING DIAGRAM  
8
13  
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INSTALLATION STEP 3  
Key to Callouts  
WIRING  
POWER AND GROUND  
1. Fault LED - Indicates a blown fuse.  
2. Power LED - Indicates amplifier power on.  
3. LSE.Q Bypass Switch - Turns the LSE.Q on ("IN") or off ("OUT").  
4. Input Overload Indicators - Indicates the signal input level or input gain level  
is too high.  
To ensure maximum output from your REFERENCE Class A amplifier, use  
high quality, low-loss power and ground cables. The REFERENCE Class A  
amplifiers will accept up to 4 gauge power and ground cables. Determine  
5. Input Level Selector Switch - Selectable input sensitivity range from 0.2-2  
Volts RMS, or from 0.5-5 Volts RMS.  
up to 10’  
up to 20’  
6. Left Channel Balanced / Unbalanced Input Selector Switch - Select  
"Balanced" to use the 6 pin Balanced signal Input. Select "Unbalanced" to use  
the RCA signal inputs.  
Soundstream Power40 or  
Power80  
Soundstream Power40 only  
(4 ga.)  
Class A 5.0  
7. Right Channel Balanced / Unbalanced Input Selector Switch - Select  
"Balanced" to use the 6 pin Balanced signal Input. Select "Unbalanced" to use  
the RCA signal inputs.  
Soundstream Power40 only  
(4 ga.)  
Soundstream Power40 only  
(4 ga.)  
Class A 10.0  
8. Main Fuse - Main power supply fuse. Replace only with the same value fuse.  
9. +12V - Connected to a fuse or circuit breaker, then to the battery's positive  
post.  
10. GND - Main ground connection. Bolt to a clean chassis ground in the vehicle.  
11. REM - Remote turn-on input from the head unit. Accepts +12V.  
12. Speaker Output Connections - Left and right channels.  
13. LSE.Q - Frequency and Q adjustments.  
14. Input Level - Independent Left and Right channel input level controls.  
15. Balanced Signal Input Connector - 6-pin Balanced signal input connector for  
use with the Soundstream BLT Balanced Line Transmitter.  
15. Inputs - Right and left channel RCA (Unbalanced ) inputs; only right channel  
input is used in "Mono" mode.  
16. Coherent Stereo/Bridge/Mixed Mono switch - Select "Bridge" for bridged  
mono operation (use right channel input). Select "Stereo" for coherent stereo  
operation. Select "Mixed Mono" for simultaneous stereo / bridged mono  
operation.  
Read this, or sparks will fly!  
The Soundstream REFERENCE Class A amplifiers have extensive internal  
power supply capacitance, called the Ultra-Low ESR Capacitance Bank.  
Multiple small input power capacitors act as an internal "stiffening capacitor".  
Because of the large amount of internal capacitance, there may be a sizable  
spark when connecting the power and ground lead to the amplifier for the first  
time. In order to charge the capacitor bank without a spark, we suggest you  
do the following:  
1. Connect the +12 volt cable to the amplifier and to the battery.  
2. Connect one end of the ground cable to the chassis of the vehicle.  
3. We have supplied a 150 ohm, 2 watt resistor with the amplifier. One leg  
of the resistor has been connected to the ground terminal of the amplifier.  
4. To charge the capacitor bank, touch the loose end of the ground cable to  
the open leg of the resistor for at least 45 seconds.  
CIRCUIT BREAKERS/FUSES  
EXTERNAL  
Like all audio components, the REFERENCE Class A amplifiers must be fused  
near the battery. A fuse or circuit breaker must be located within 18” of the  
battery. This will prevent a fire in the event of a shorted cable. See the chart  
below to determine the correct fuse value.  
INTERNAL  
The REFERENCE Class A amplifiers are fused with Maxi-fuses. In the event  
(Continued on page 13)  
12  
9
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INSTALLATION STEP 2  
INSTALLATION STEP 1  
COHERENT STEREO™ /  
BALANCED / UNBALANCED INPUT  
MIXED-MONO / BRIDGED MONO  
The REFERENCE Class A amplifiers have the ability to accept either a  
standard Unbalanced RCA signal inputs, or a Balanced "Pro Audio" inputs with  
the use of the Soundstream BLT Balanced Line Transmitter or some other  
balanced line audio source. Before installing your system, you should decide  
The REFERENCE Class A amplifiers have the ability to operate in any one of  
the following modes:  
Coherent Stereo™ with identical left and right stereo channels for  
maximum fidelity. Best choice for satellite speakers. Use this mode unless  
Mixed-Mono is necessary.  
UNBALANCED INPUT  
BALANCED INPUT  
ADVANTAGES 1. Most preamplifier / source 1. Improved Signal to Noise  
units have "UNBAL" RCA  
outputs. (Industry stan-  
dard)  
2. No Interface module is nec- 3. Immune to noise radiated in  
essary the car audio environment.  
Ratio. (S/N Ratio)  
2. Excellent noise cancellation  
characteristics.  
Mixed-Mono in order to drive stereo and mono simultaneously; works well  
for center channels. It can be used anytime you need a summed mono  
channel. Somewhat sacrifices sonic accuracy as additional circuitry is  
introduced to one channel. In Mixed-Mono, the left channel is inverted, see  
diagram below or on the bottom of the amplifier.  
The REFERENCE Class A amplifiers' signal inputs accept two ranges of input  
signal levels: 0.2 - 2.0 Vrms, or 0.5 - 5.0 Vrms for both Balanced and  
Unbalanced inputs. The input range switch position and level settings are  
dependent upon the preamplifier / source unit output signal level. For the best  
system Signal to Noise Ratio, we recommend that the input level controls be  
set as far down as possible (rotated counter-clockwise), while maintaining an  
acceptable level of output.  
Bridged Mono for dedicated single channel operation; ideal for driving  
subwoofers. It is also used when large amounts of power are necessary for  
single speakers. In bridged mono, only the right channel input is active.  
Using the "Unbalanced" RCA input  
When using the Unbalanced RCA input, the RIGHT channel input signal  
switch MUST be in the "UNBAL" position. Also, when first installing the  
amplifier using this input configuration, we suggest that the left channel input  
signal switch be in the "UNBAL" position as well. If you experience  
alternator wine or other installation noise with both switches in the  
"UNBAL" position, try moving the LEFT channel input signal switch to  
the "BAL" position.  
This should remove any system noise due to  
installation.  
In bridged mono, only the right channel input is active.  
Using the "Balanced" RCA input  
When using the Balanced 6-pin DIN input, both switches MUST be in the  
"BAL" position. Also, we recommend that when using this input configuration,  
the "INPUT LEVEL" switch be in the "0.5 - 5V" position, and the gains on the  
NOTE:  
If you intend to drive  
a
REFERENCE Class A amplifier in Mono but  
have stereo outputs from your crossover or  
source unit, you can put the switch in  
NOTE:  
The pin  
configuration shown  
in the diagram is the  
view looking into the  
Balanced input jack  
on the amplifier.  
10  
11  
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