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Introduction
Congratulations on purchasing the Samson PL 1602 stereo mixer! Although this
unit is designed for easy operation, we suggest you first take some time to go
through these pages so you can fully understand how we’ve implemented a
number of unique features.
In this manual, we’ll provide you with an overview of the PL 1602 features,
followed by a guided tour of its front and rear panels. Then we’ll describe how
the PL 1602 should be connected to your existing equipment (including wiring
diagrams) and talk about the important topics of gain structure and grounding
techniques. Next, we’ll cover a number of specific PL 1602 features (such as
balancing, equalization, auxiliary sends and returns, and channel inserts) in
detail. Finally, we’ll wrap things up with a series of applications notes describing
a number of ways to use the PL 1602, reference Appendices, and full specifica-
tions. You’ll also find a warranty card enclosed—please don’t forget to fill it out
and mail it in so that you can receive online technical support and so we can
send you updated information about these and other Samson products in the
future.
SPECIAL NOTE: Should your unit ever require servicing, a Return Authorization
number (RA) is necessary. Without this number, the unit will not be accepted.
Please call Samson at 1-800-372-6766 for a Return Authorization number prior
to shipping your unit. Please retain the original packing materials and, if possi-
ble, return the unit in its original carton and packing materials.
1
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Sys te m Fe ature s
“PL” stands for “Program/Line” and the name describes the broad range of
signals which can be handled by this powerful stereo mixer. In fact, the com-
pact design of the PL 1602 belies an extraordinary versatility. Add excellent
sound quality to the equation, and you’ve got a product which is equally useful
as a live performance mixer, onstage monitor mixer, or keyboard submixer
(you’ll find descriptions of each of these applications at the conclusion of this
manual). Here are some of the PL 1602’s main features:
• Sixteen input channels, which can be used as eight stereo channels. All
channels provide electronically balanced line-level inputs, and are ideal for
line-level sources such as outboard signal processors; CD players; tape or
cassette recorders; stereo drum machines; and keyboards and MIDI tone
modules. In addition, channels 1 and 3 provide electronically balanced mic
inputs so that you can connect up to two microphones to the PL 1602.
• An electronically balanced main stereo output for connection to a power
amplifier.
• Two auxiliary sends and two stereo auxiliary returns (which can be used as
four monophonic returns). Both sends are pre-fader but post-equalizer.
• Independent 2-band equalization for each channel, with 15 dB of cut or
boost for low (100 Hz) and high (10 kHz) frequencies.
• Balance controls for each channel and Aux return that allow you to blend
the relative levels of stereo inputs.
• Channel inserts are provided for channels 1 - 6, enabling you to use
outboard signal processors such as equalizers, compressor/ limiters, or
noise gates in a standard “effect loop.”
• Input trims for the mic inputs of channels 1 and 3 are continuously
adjustable from +4 to -40 dB, making it possible to use the PL 1602 with a
wide variety of microphone types.
• Center detents for all balance and EQ controls, making it easy to use the
PL 1602 even in low-light situations such as live performance.
• Main left/right out faders for easy control of overall output levels.
• An independent front-panel headphone jack with dedicated volume control.
• The PL 1602 can be mounted in any standard 19" rack (taking just two rack
spaces), making it easy to integrate into any existing system.
• Last but certainly not least, affordability. The PL 1602 has been designed
from the ground up to provide versatility and excellent sound quality at a
cost-conscious price.
2
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Guide d Tour - Ove rvie w
The following illustration shows an overview of the front panel of the PL 1602:
CHANNEL 1/2
CHANNEL 3/4
CHANNEL 5/6
CHANNEL 7/8
CHANNEL 9/10
CHANNEL 11/12
0
CHANNEL 13/14
CHANNEL 15/16
0
AUXILIARY RETURNS
0
S A M S O N
PL 1602 LINE MIXER
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
+15
+15
+15
∞
+10
-15
+15
∞
+10
-15
+15
∞
∞
L
+10
-15
+15
∞
+10
-15
+15
∞
∞
L
+10
-15
+15
∞
∞
L
+10
-15
+15
∞
∞
L
+10
-15
+15
∞
∞
L
+10
∞
+10
L
R
BALANCE
-15
HIGH
0
AUX 1L
HIGH
0
AUX 1L
HIGH
0
AUX 1L
HIGH
0
AUX 1L
HIGH
0
AUX 1L
HIGH
0
AUX 1L
HIGH
0
AUX 1L
HIGH
0
AUX 1L
AUX 1/2 RETURN
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
+15
∞
+10
-15
+15
∞
+10
-15
+15
+10
-15
+15
∞
+10
-15
+15
+10
-15
+15
+10
-15
+15
+10
-15
+15
+10
∞
+10
L
R
BALANCE
-15
LOW
AUX 2R
LOW
AUX 2R
LOW
AUX 2R
LOW
AUX 2R
LOW
AUX 2R
LOW
AUX 2R
LOW
AUX 2R
LOW
AUX 2R
AUX3/4 RETURN
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
∞
∞
L
R
L
R
R
L
R
R
R
R
R
0
+10
∞
+10
∞
+10
∞
+10
∞
+10
∞
+10
∞
+10
∞
+10
∞
+10
LEFT
RIGHT
LEVEL
BALANCE
LEVEL
BALANCE
LEVEL
BALANCE
LEVEL
BALANCE
LEVEL
BALANCE
LEVEL
BALANCE
LEVEL
BALANCE
LEVEL
BALANCE
PHONES
POWER
Channels
Main Section
3
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Guide d Tour - Channe ls
1: Equalizer (white) - These knobs determine the amount of boost or attenuation in each
of two frequency areas. The high and low frequency knobs provide 15 dB of cut or boost
at 10 kHz and 100 Hz, respectively, with both utilizing a shelving curve. The EQ setting
affects both the odd- and even-numbered channel inputs, although the signals remain
separate. A center detent in each knob (at the “0” position) indicates no boost or attenua-
tion (that is, flat response). As each knob is turned clockwise from the “0” position, the
frequency area is boosted; as it is turned counterclockwise from the “0” position, the
frequency area is attenuated. For more information on the application of EQ, see the
“Using Equalization” section on page 17 of this manual.
CHANNEL 1/2
0
0
∞
+10
AUX 1L
-15
+15
HIGH
0
1
2
3
4
0
∞
+10
AUX 2R
-15
+15
LOW
0
L
R
∞
+10
LEVEL
BALANCE
2: Level - This knob (purposely made a little bigger than the others so you can find it
easily in low-light situations) simultaneously controls the volume of both the odd- and even-
numbered channel inputs (the relative volumes of the two can be adjusted with the Balance
knob, as described in #4 below). In practice, you will use the Level controls to continuously
adjust the loudnesses of the various signals being blended together by the PL 1602.
The “0” (2 o’clock) position of the knob indicates unity gain (no level attenuation or boost).
Moving the knob counterclockwise from the “0” position (towards “∞”) causes the signal to
be attenuated (at the very bottom, it is attenuated infinitely—in other words, there is no
sound). Moving it clockwise from the “0” position (towards “+10”) causes the signal to be
boosted by as much as 10 dB.
For best signal-to-noise ratio, all Level controls for channels carrying signal should general-
ly be kept at or near the “0” position. Channels that are unused should have their Level
controls kept fully counterclockwise at their “∞” (minimum) level. See the “Setting the
Correct Gain Structure” section on page 12 in this manual for more information.
3: Auxiliary sends (blue) - These knobs (labeled “Aux 1L” and “Aux 2R”) allow you to
route signal to either or both of the PL 1602’s two monophonic Auxiliary outputs. These
are typically used to route signal to outboard effects devices. When a pair of channel
inputs (that is, both odd-numbered and even-numbered) are connected, the odd-numbered
(left) input signal can only be routed to Aux 1L, while the even-numbered (right) input can
only be routed to Aux 2R. When only the odd-numbered (left) input is connected, the sig-
nal can be routed to both Aux 1L and Aux 2R. When only the even-numbered (right) input
is connected, the signal can only be routed to Aux 2R. When an Aux send knob is at the
“0” (2 o’clock) position, the signal is routed with unity gain (that is, no boost or attenuation).
As each Aux send knob is turned clockwise from the “0” position, the signal is boosted; as
it is turned counterclockwise from the “0” position, it is attenuated. Both Aux sends are
pre-fade (that is, the level of the signal is unaffected by the position of its Level control,
Trim control [in the case of channels 1 and 3] or by the Left/Right faders) but post-EQ.
4: Balance (dark gray) - When a pair of channel inputs (that is, both odd-numbered and
even-numbered) are connected, the odd-numbered (left) input signal is automatically
panned hard left and the even-numbered (right) input signal is automatically panned hard
right. In this case, the “Balance” knob controls the relative levels of the paired input
signals. When the knob is placed at its center detented position, both signals are at equal
strength. When moved left of center, the odd-numbered (left) input signal remains at the
same strength but the even-numbered (right) input signal is attenuated; when the knob is
moved right of center, the even-numbered (left) input signal remains at the same strength
but the odd-numbered (right) input signal is attenuated. When placed fully counterclock-
wise, only the odd-numbered (left) input signal is heard (panned hard left); when placed
fully clockwise, only the even-numbered (right) input signal is heard (panned hard right).
When only the odd-numbered (left) input is connected, the Balance knob functions as a
constant level Pan control, allowing you to continuously place the incoming signal any-
where in the left-right stereo field. For more information, see the “Using the Balance
Control” section on page 16 in this manual.
4
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Guide d Tour - Main Se ction
2
AUXILIARY RETURNS
S A M S O N
PL 1602 LINE MIXER
0
+15
+15
∞
+10
L
R
BALANCE
AUX 1/2 RETURN
5
0
0
1
3
0
∞
R
+10
L
BALANCE
AUX 3/4 RETURN
∞
∞
0
+10
LEFT
RIGHT
PHONES
POWER
4
6
1: Stereo Auxiliary Return Level (blue) - These knobs determine the input
level of signal arriving via the PL 1602’s two stereo Auxiliary returns. The “0”
(2 o’clock) position of each knob indicates unity gain (no level attenuation or
boost). Moving each knob counterclockwise from the “0” position (towards “∞”)
causes the signal to be attenuated (at the very bottom, it is attenuated infinitely—
in other words, there is no sound). Moving each knob clockwise from the “0”
position (towards “+10”) causes the signal to be boosted by as much as 10 dB.
For information on how to properly set these, see the sections in this manual
entitled “Setting the Correct Gain Structure” and “Using the Aux Sends and
Returns” (pages 12 and 18).
2: Stereo Auxiliary Return Balance (dark gray) - These knobs determine the
relative levels of the left and right input signals connected to the PL 1602’s two
stereo Auxiliary returns. When the knob is placed at its center (detented)
position, both left and right input signals for that Aux return are at equal strength.
When moved left of center, the left input signal remains at the same strength but
the right input signal is attenuated; when the knob is moved right of center, the
right input signal remains at the same strength but the left input signal is
attenuated. When placed fully counterclockwise, only the left input signal is
heard (panned hard left); when placed fully clockwise, only the right input signal
is heard (panned hard right). These “radical” positions are useful when you are
using a stereo Aux return as two mono returns—see the “Using the Balance
Control” and “Using the Aux Sends and Returns” sections on pages 16 and 18
for more information.
When only the left input of an Aux return is connected, its Balance knob
functions as a constant level Pan control, allowing you to continuously place the
incoming signal anywhere in the left-right stereo field.
3: Headphone Level - This knob sets the level of the signal sent to the head-
phone jack (see #4 on the next page). WARNING: To avoid possible damage
to connected headphones (or, worse yet, to your ears!), always turn this all the
way off (to the fully counterclockwise “0” position) before plugging in a pair of
headphones—then raise the level slowly while listening. The Headphone Level
has no effect on the final Main output level.
5
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Guide d Tour - Main Se ction
4: Headphone jack - Connect any standard stereo headphones to this jack (via
a 1/4" TRS plug) for private monitoring of the main stereo output (including all
connected Aux returns). The built-in PL 1602 headphone preamp delivers
100 mw at 32 ohms.
5: Main L/R faders These faders determine the final output signal level.
Signals from all channels and Auxiliary returns are routed here just before
leaving the PL 1602 via its left and right Main Out jacks (see #7 on page 8 for
more information). The “0” position of each fader indicates unity gain (no level
attenuation or boost). Moving each fader down from the “0” position (towards
“∞”) causes the signal to be attenuated (at the very bottom, it is attenuated
infinitely—in other words, there is no sound). Moving each fader up from the
“0” position (towards “+15”) causes the signal to be boosted by as much as
15 dB. For more information, see the “Setting The Correct Gain Structure”
section on page 12.
6: Power LED - Lights whenever the PL 1602 is powered on.
6
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Guide d Tour - Re ar Pane l
1
3
4
6
PL 1602 16 CHANNEL LINE MIXER
SAMSON TECHNOLOGIES CORP., NEW YORK, U.S.A.
S / N
MIC 1
POWER
INPUTS BALANCED 10KΩ -30 to +4db TIP
+
RING
-
SLEEVE GND.
-10
110
ON
OFF
0
+4
-40
TRIM
16R
15L
14R
13L
12R
11L
10R
9L
8R
7L
6R
5L
4R
3L
2R
1L
5
AVIS:
RISQUE DE CHOC ELECTRIQUE
NE PAS OUVRIR
-10
DO NOT EXPOSE THIS EQUIPMENT
TO RAIN OR MOISTURE
0
+4
-40
TRIM
POWER
RATING
120V 60 Hz 35W
-
R
L
R
L
4R
3L
2R
1L
2R
1L
AUX SEND
6R
5L
4R
3L
2R
1L
MAIN OUT
BALANCED 600 +4db
TIP RING SLEEVE GND
BUS
INSERTS
MIXER LINKING
CAUTION
RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
DO NOT OPEN
AUX
RETURNS
INSERTS TIP RETURN RING SEND
MIC 3
UNBALANCED
~115V(0.3A)
230V(0.15A)
50/60Hz 30W
!
+
-
UNBALANCED 10KΩ
2KΩ +4db
2
7
8
9
6
10
11
1. Fuse sled - This contains a fuse holder and shows the currently selected
voltage rating for your PL 1602. Make sure the voltage rating is correctly set
before powering up! Fuse ratings are: 0.3 amp for 115 VAC and 0.15 amp for
230 VAC. The voltage rating will normally be preset correctly at the factory and
will require no adjustment unless you use the PL 1602 in a country other than
the one in which you purchased the unit. For information on how to change the
voltage rating, see Appendix B on page 25.
2. AC input - Connect the supplied standard 3-pin “EEC” plug here.
3: Power on-off switch - As you may have guessed, this is what you use to
turn the PL 1602 on and off. To avoid potential damage to your speakers, turn
the mixer on before you turn on any connected power amps—and turn it off after
the power amps are turned off.
4: Line inputs - Use these electronically balanced 1/4" jacks to connect line-
level sources such as synthesizers, drum machines, CD players, tape decks, or
effects processors to any of the PL 1602’s sixteen channels. Use balanced
three-conductor cabling and Tip/Ring/Sleeve (TRS) plugs wherever possible
(unbalanced two-conductor plugs can also be inserted into these inputs, but
you’ll get better signal quality and less outside noise and hum if you use
balanced lines). When connecting monophonic (as opposed to stereo) signal
sources, use the left (odd-numbered) inputs; the Balance control for that channel
pair will then act as a constant level pan control—see the “Using the Balance
Control” section on page 16 for more information. The “Connecting The PL
1602” section on page 9 provides more information on how best to use channel
inputs. WARNING: Do not connect the channel 1 or 3 line input if you already
have something connected to that channel’s microphone input (see #5 on the
next page); these channels are designed to accept only one source or the other.
7
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Guide d Tour - Re ar Pane l
5: Mic inputs (channels 1 and 3) - Use these electronically balanced XLR jacks
to connect a microphone to channels 1 and/or channel 3. These are intended to
accept signal from low-level, low-impedance mics but can also be used for signal
from other sources (such as direct injection boxes) if the channel’s Trim control
(see #6 below) is turned down. WARNING: Do not connect a channel’s micro-
phone input if you already have something connected to its line input (see #4 on
the preceding page); these channels are designed to accept only one source or
the other.
6: Trim controls - These knobs determine the input level of the mic signal
connected to channel 1 and/or channel 3. Continuously adjustable from +4 dB
to -40 dB, a trim control is at unity gain (no boost or cut) when set to the “0”
(9 o’clock) position. The input signal is boosted when the trim is turned clock-
wise from the “0” position and is attenuated when turned counterclockwise from
the “0” position. For information on how to properly set this, see the section on
page 12 entitled “Setting The Correct Gain Structure.”
7: Main Out (L, R) - These are the PL 1602’s main outputs. You’ll usually use
these to connect the PL 1602 to a power amp and speakers. The Main out jacks
are electronically balanced, so you should use balanced three-conductor cabling
and 1/4" TRS plugs wherever possible (unbalanced two-conductor plugs can
also be inserted into these outputs, but you’ll get better signal quality and less
outside noise and hum if you use balanced lines). See the “Connecting the
PL 1602” section on page 9 for more information.
8: Bus Inserts (L,R) - Connect the output from another device to these in order
to “submix” in their signal (post-fader) to the PL 1602. This can be used to link
multiple PL 1602s or to add the output from another mixer to the PL 1602 without
taking up channel line inputs. The Bus Insert jacks accept unbalanced 1/4"
plugs. See the “Applications” section on page 20 for more information.
9: Aux Returns (1, 2) - These unbalanced 1/4" inputs allow you to route signal
from external devices such as effects processors to either of the two stereo Aux
Returns. See the “Using the Aux Sends and Returns” section on page 18 for
more information.
10: Aux Sends (1, 2) - These unbalanced 1/4" outputs allow you to route signal
from each of the two discrete Aux Sends to external devices such as effects
processors. Both Aux sends are pre-fade but post-EQ. See the “Using the Aux
Sends and Returns” section on page 18 for more information.
11: Channel Inserts (1 - 6) - Use these to insert an external effects processor
(such as outboard equalizer, compressor/limiter or noise gate) into any of the
PL 1602’s channels 1 - 6 in an “effects loop” configuration. These jacks accept
1/4" TRS plugs, with the ring carrying the send signal and the tip carrying the
return signal. Normally, this will be connected to a Y-cord; see the “Connecting
The PL 1602” section on page 9 for more information and a wiring diagram.
8
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Conne cting The PL 1602 - Ge ne ral Sugge s tions
The actual connections you’ll make to and from the PL 1602 will vary according
to the environment you use it in and the particular equipment you have. In the
“PL 1602 Applications” sections at the rear of this manual, you’ll find some
suggested setups. Here are a few basic rules concerning PL 1602 connections
that will apply in most situations:
• In general, it’s best to make all connections with the PL 1602 and any con-
nected power amplifiers turned off. If you must make connections with the
power on, make sure that the Left/Right faders are completely down (at their
“∞” position). Whenever powering down, bring the Left/Right faders com-
pletely down and turn off the main power amps first. Wait a few seconds for
their power supplies to discharge and then turn off all connected equipment,
turning the PL 1602 off last.
• Try to use balanced connectors and cabling wherever possible. These kind
of connections do a better job of rejecting extraneous noise and hum and
generally provide a cleaner signal. Although the PL 1602 will accept unbal-
anced connectors throughout, it specifically provides electronically balanced
inputs for all line inputs and for its Main outputs. The wiring diagram below
shows how 1/4" TRS (Tip/Ring/Sleeve) connectors should be wired for use
with these inputs and outputs:
SLEEVE
RING
TIP +
TIP
GROUND
RING -
Unbalanced cables use standard 1/4" phone connectors, wired as follows:
+ SIGNAL
GROUND
+ SIGNAL
GROUND
• Make one connection at a time and then monitor the incoming signal. If you
hear a distinct hum or buzz, you may have a grounding problem with that
particular device. See the section in this manual entitled “Grounding
Techniques” (pages 14 - 15) for information on how to avoid grounding
problems.
• When using channels 1 and 3, be sure not to connect both a microphone
and line level input simultaneously—use one or the other. The diagram
below shows how your mic connectors should be wired:
3 - SIGNAL
1 GROUND
2 + SIGNAL
TO MIXER
9
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Conne cting The PL 1602 - Ge ne ral Sugge s tions
• Matched signals (i.e. the stereo left-right outputs of a keyboard, drum
machine, tone generator, effects processor, CD player, or tape recorder),
should always be connected to the PL 1602’s paired odd/even channels (i.e.
1L/2R, 3L/4R, etc.). The channel Balance control will allow you to adjust the
relative levels of the two inputs, and you can also equalize the stereo signal,
with the same EQ settings applied to both inputs.
• There are two more “hidden” (or at least not so obvious) stereo inputs to the
PL 1602; these are the Auxiliary returns. Use these whenever you want to
bring in a stereo signal that will not need to be equalized. Also bear in mind
that the two stereo Auxiliary returns can also be used as four monophonic
returns, with the Aux Balance controls giving you the ability to adjust the
relative levels of the left/right inputs. If you’re using the PL 1602 in live per-
formance to drive a mono PA system, you may not need to take the stereo
returns from outboard effects processors.
• When connecting only one monophonic signal to a stereo channel, always
use the left (odd-numbered) input. When only the left input is connected, the
PL 1602 treats that channel as if it is a mono channel and the signal can
then be panned (using the Balance control) and routed to both Aux 1L and
Aux 2R. See the “Using the Balance Control” and “Using the Aux Sends
And Returns” sections in this manual (pages 16 and 18) for more informa-
tion.
• Signals that are likely to require “in-line” processing (such as
compression/limiting or expansion/noise gating) should be connected to
channels 1 - 6, since these channels provide an insert connection. Insert
cables (sometimes called “Y-cords”) should terminate in standard 1/4" TRS
jacks (ring to send and tip to return), wired as follows:
SLEEVE
RING
TIP RETURN
GROUND
RING SEND
TIP
10
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Se tting Up and Us ing The PL 1602
Setting up your PL 1602 is a simple procedure which takes only a few minutes:
1. Remove all packing materials (save them in case of need for future service)
and decide where the unit is to be physically placed—it can be mounted in any
standard 19" rack, requiring two rack spaces, or used on a tabletop.
MAIN OUT
BALANCED 600 +4db
TIP + RING - SLEEVE GND
2. Before even plugging the unit into an AC socket, begin by connecting the
PL 1602 Main outputs into a power amp and the amp into loudspeakers. It is
never a good idea to power up any amplifier that is not connected to loudspeak-
ers.
R
L
3. Next, make the signal input connections to the mic or line inputs of the vari-
ous channels. WARNING: When using channel 1 or 3, do not connect its
microphone input and line input simultaneously; these channels are designed
to accept only one source or the other.
S
A
M
S
O
N
SERVO - 240
4. Turn all channel Level controls fully counterclockwise (to their “∞” setting)
and bring the Left/Right faders completely down (to their “∞” setting). If you are
using the channel 1 or 3 mic inputs, set their Trim controls fully counterclockwise
to their “+4” setting). Then connect the EEC main power cord and plug the
PL 1602 into any grounded AC socket.
5. Turn on the rear panel Power switch—the “Power” LED in the main section
will light up.
11
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Se tting the Corre ct Gain Structure
You’re now ready to establish the correct gain structure—the key to getting the
best performance from the PL 1602, or from any mixer, for that matter. This is a
simple procedure that ensures optimum input and output levels so that no
unnecessary noise (caused by too low a signal) or overload distortion (caused by
too high a signal) is created. Here’s a step-by-step description of how to do so:
a. With all connections made (as described on the previous page) but with the
power amplifier and PL 1602 off, start by setting the power amplifier volume to
minimum. On the PL 1602, turn all channel Level controls fully counterclockwise
(to their “∞” position), and then set the Left/Right faders to their “0” position.
-10
0
+4
-40
TRIM
b. If you have a microphone connected to channel 1 and/or channel 3, set their
rear panel Trim knobs to their fully counterclockwise (+4) position.
-10
c. Set all channel EQ and Balance knobs as well as both Aux return Balance
0
knobs to their center detent “0” positions.
+4
-40
TRIM
d. Set all channel Aux send knobs and both Aux return Level knobs to their fully
counterclockwise (“∞”) position.
e. Turn on all devices connected to channel line inputs and Aux returns and set
their output level controls to unity gain or, if there is no unity gain indicated on
their output control, to maximum. If you’ve got outboard effects processors con-
nected to Aux returns, make sure they are sending completely “wet” (processed)
signal, with no “dry” (unprocessed) signal mixed in.
POWER
f. Turn on the PL 1602’s rear-panel Power switch—the Power LED in the main
section will light up. Finally, turn on your power amplifier.
ON
OFF
g. Play an instrument connected to one of the PL 1602’s line inputs* and, while
doing so, slowly raise the corresponding channel Level control to the 2 o’clock
“0” position. Then slowly raise the power amplifier volume until you reach the
level you want to hear. If the incoming signal sounds distorted, you may need to
lower the output level of the instrument, though this will rarely occur. Conversely,
if the signal is too low even with the output level of the instrument all the way up,
something’s definitely wrong: in all likelihood, the connecting audio cable is faulty
and should be replaced.
h. Repeat step (g) above for each instrument connected to the PL 1602 channel
line inputs.
i. If you have a microphone connected to channel 1 or channel 3, the procedure
for setting optimum microphone levels is as follows: sing or speak into the mic at
the level you expect to use in performance while slowly raising the Level control
for that channel to its 2 o’clock “0” position. Again, slowly raise the power ampli-
fier volume until you reach the level you want to hear. Then raise the rear panel
Trim control for that channel to a point at which you get a strong, clear signal that
doesn’t distort even at the highest singing or speaking levels. For best signal-to-
noise ratio, always keep the Trim control as high as possible short of distortion.
** If you’re using an instrument such as electric guitar or bass, we recommend
that you connect it to the PL 1602 with a direct injection box to ensure correct
impedance.
12
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Se tting the Corre ct Gain Structure
j. If you have any outboard signal processors connected to the Aux send and
return jacks on the rear panel, follow this step. Because outboard effects
processors can sometimes be quite noisy, it’s particularly important to maximize
the amount of signal being sent to them via the PL 1602 Aux sends. The idea is
to drive these devices as hot as possible (short of overloading them) and then to
use the corresponding Aux return level to carefully adjust the amount of
processed signal being blended with the dry signal. To set optimum Aux send
levels, use a channel that has already had its gain structure adjusted in step (g)
or (i) above. Turn both Aux send knobs for that channel to their “0” (unity gain)
position (bear in mind that, when a pair of channel inputs are connected, the
odd-numbered [left] input signal can only be routed to Aux 1L, while the
even-numbered [right] input can only be routed to Aux 2R; when only the odd-
numbered [left] input is connected, the signal can be routed to both Aux 1L and
Aux 2R). Then play the instrument (or sing into the microphone) connected to
that channel. Adjust the input levels of connected outboard effects processors
so that their meter shows incoming signal normally in the 0 vu range (with only
occasional higher excursions). Finally, optimize the Aux return levels: While
continuing to play your instrument (or continuing to sing into the microphone),
slowly raise each Aux return level control until you hear the desired amount of
processed signal added to the dry signal. For more information, see the “Using
the Aux Sends and Returns” section on page 18.
k. The gain structure is now correctly set—you’ve optimized the level of all
signals coming into and out of the PL 1602, and the end result will be minimum
noise and distortion and maximum clean sound. You’ll now find that the majority
of your mixes can be accomplished with the Left/Right faders at their “0” position
and with most channel Level controls at or near their 2 o’clock “0” (unity gain)
position). If you need to make adjustments to the overall level, use the level
control of your power amplifier.
If you encounter difficulty with any aspect of setting up or using your PL 1602,
you can call Samson Technical Support (1-800-372-6766) between 9 AM and
5 PM EST.
13
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Grounding Te chnique s
Hum and buzz are the biggest enemies you face when interconnecting a large
number of different pieces of equipment to a central audio mixer. This is
because each piece of equipment may operate at a marginally different voltage
(this difference is called potential) and, when two devices at slightly different
potential are physically connected with audio cabling, the end result can be
nasty, extraneous noise (mind you, connecting two devices at very different
potential can result in a major electrical shock!).
However, there are several steps you can take to avoid grounding problems.
First, assuming you have an isolated electrical circuit that can handle the
electrical demands of your mixer and all connected audio equipment (these
needs will usually be modest), you should always plug your mixer and all
connected equipment into the same circuit. If possible, nothing else but this
equipment should be connected to that circuit. If you can’t do this, at least avoid
plugging your mixer and audio equipment into the same circuit that is already
powering things like heavy machinery, air conditioners, heaters, refrigerators,
washing machines, neon signs or fluorescent light fixtures. One particular culprit
that will almost certainly create problems is the standard light dimmer (the kind
that uses silicon controlled rectifiers). Where low-level lighting is desired, use
incandescent fixtures with autotransformer-type dimmers (sometimes called
Variacs) instead—these cost considerably more than the standard dimmer you’ll
find at your local hardware store, but are well worth the extra expense.
Three-prong plugs (such as the one used by the PL 1602) should always be
used as is; don’t use adapters to lift the ground (unless you’re using a “star
ground network”—see below). If you hear hum or buzz from a device that uses
a two-prong plug (or an external two-prong AC/DC adapter), you can try revers-
ing the plug in the socket. If that doesn’t work, you may need to physically
ground that device’s chassis by connecting a wire (called a strap) from it to a
grounded piece of metal such as rack ears. Some pieces of equipment have a
screw-type ground post to which the strap can be connected; if not, you can
attach some kind of metallic binding post to the case itself. If you are using rack-
mounted audio devices and are experiencing hum or buzz, there’s a simple test
to determine the source of the problem: while keeping all devices powered on
and connected with audio cabling, physically remove each device, one by one,
from the rack. If the hum disappears when a particular device is removed, you’ll
know that device is the culprit.
We also recommend that you use balanced audio cabling and connectors
wherever possible. The PL 1602 provides electronically balanced inputs for all
line channel inputs and for its Main outputs. The wiring diagram in the
“Connecting The PL 1602” section of this manual (page 9) shows how 1/4" TRS
(Tip/Ring/Sleeve) connectors should be wired for use with these inputs and
outputs.
In addition, you can minimize possible interference by planning your audio,
electrical, and computer cable runs so that they are as far apart from one
another as possible and so they don’t run parallel to one another. If they have to
cross, try to ensure that they do so at a 90° angle (that is, perpendicular to one
another). In particular, try to keep audio cabling away from external AC/DC
adapters.
14
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Grounding Te chnique s
If you’re using the PL 1602 in a fixed location such as a recording studio, you
may want to invest the time and money into creating a star ground network. This
is by far the best technique for avoiding grounding problems. It involves using a
formidable ground source such as a cold water pipe or a copper spike driven into
the earth. A thick grounding cable is connected to that source and then brought
to a central distribution point; from there, individual cables are connected to each
piece of equipment. This setup also requires that you lift the ground plug of all
three-prong AC connectors, so there is the possibility of danger if it is done incor-
rectly. We strongly recommend that you contract with a qualified professional to
carry out this or any kind of electrical work.
Another, less common problem you may encounter is that of oscillation (a ringing
tone), which, apart from being annoying, is potentially dangerous to your
speakers. This is generally caused either by poor outside wiring or by returning
a signal out of phase (most commonly from an outboard signal processor). If
audible oscillation occurs, try isolating each input signal by turning down all other
inputs. If one signal alone is causing the problem, you should be able to elimi-
nate the oscillation by reversing that signal’s phase (many signal processors
have a switch that allows you to do this).
15
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Us ing the Balance Control
The final Main output of the PL 1602 is stereo—that is, there are two discrete
Main output jacks, labeled “left” and “right,” which will normally be routed to two
discrete speakers.* Because of this, you will usually be working with a stereo
field that ranges from hard left to hard right. The PL 1602 provides eight stereo
channels, each with two inputs—an odd-numbered (left) input and an even-num-
bered (right) input. When only the odd-numbered (left) input is connected, the
Balance control in that stereo channel acts like a panning control, allowing you to
place each individual sound at any point within this left-right field, while keeping
the overall level constant.
R
L
BALANCE
You can use stereo panning creatively in a variety of ways: For example, you
might want to have guitars coming from one speaker and keyboards from
another, or you might use panning to “spread” the signal from a piano miked with
two microphones—one over the bass notes (panned left) and the other over the
treble notes (panned right). In live performance, you may want to resist the
temptation to pan anything completely hard left or right, since some members of
the audience not seated in the center of the venue may miss some signal alto-
gether. In these circumstances, you’re best to use modest panning, with signals
routed no further than the 9 o’clock and 3 o’clock positions.
In channels where both the odd-numbered (left) and even-numbered (right)
inputs are connected, the odd-numbered (left) input signal is automatically
panned hard left and the even-numbered (right) input signal is automatically
panned hard right. The Balance knob in these channels then controls the
relative levels of the two input signals. When the knob is placed at its center
(detented) position, both the odd-numbered (left) and even-numbered (right)
input signals are at equal strength. When moved left of center, the signal of the
odd-numbered (left) input remains the same but the signal of the even-numbered
(right) input is attenuated; when the knob is moved right of center, the the signal
of the even-numbered (right) input remains the same but the signal of the odd-
numbered (left) input is attenuated. When placed fully counterclockwise, only
the odd-numbered (left) input is heard (panned hard left); when placed fully
clockwise, only the even-numbered (right) input is heard (panned hard right).
In the stereo Aux return section, the Balance control works in a similar fashion.
When both inputs are connected, the left signal is automatically panned hard left
and the right signal is automatically panned hard right. The Balance knob con-
trols the relative levels of the two signals. When the knob is placed at its center
(detented) position, both the left and right signals are at equal strength. When
moved left of center, the left input signal remains the same but the right input
signal is attenuated; when the knob is moved right of center, the right input
signal remains the same but the left input signal is attenuated. When placed
fully counterclockwise, only the left input is heard (panned hard left); when
placed fully clockwise, only the right input is heard (panned hard right).
0
∞
+10
R
L
AUX 1/2 RETURN
BALANCE
0
∞
+10
L
R
AUX 3/4 RETURN
BALANCE
If you connect different monophonic devices (such as effects processors) to both
the left and right inputs of an Aux return, you can use the Aux Balance control
to blend the relative contribution of each. If you turn the Balance knob fully
counterclockwise, you’ll hear only the device connected to the left Aux input; if
you turn it fully clockwise, you’ll hear only the device connected to the right Aux
input. For more information, see the “Using Aux Sends and Returns” section on
page 18.
* You can, of course, also use the PL 1602 monophonically—simply route the
same signal to both the left and right outputs.
16
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Us ing Equalization
One of the most exciting aspects of using a mixer such as the PL 1602 is the
ability to shape a sound, using a process called equalization. But there are few
areas of sound engineering more misunderstood than equalization, and, just as
good EQ can really help a sound, bad EQ can really hurt it, so read on...
Every naturally occurring sound consists of a broad range of pitches, or
frequencies, combined together in a unique way. This blend is what gives every
sound its distinctive tonal color. The EQ section in a mixer allows you to alter a
sound by boosting or attenuating specific frequency areas. The PL 1602
provides independent two-band equalization controls for each of its channels
(the same equalization is applied to both the odd-numbered [left] input and the
even-numbered [right] input). Each EQ knob is labeled with the maximum
amount of cut or boost provided (± 15 dB). Both EQ controls employ what are
known as shelving curves. In the case of the High EQ control, only frequencies
at or above 10 kHz are affected; in the case of the Low EQ control, only frequen-
cies at or below 100 Hz are affected. We provided these particular frequency
areas because they have maximum impact on musical signals—that’s why they
are sometimes known as “sweet spots.”
0
-15
+15
HIGH
0
-15
+15
LOW
When an EQ knob is in its center detented position (“0”), it is having no effect.
When it is moved right of center, the frequency area is being boosted; when it is
moved left of center, the frequency area is being attenuated. In all channels, the
EQ setting always affects both the odd- and even-numbered inputs the same
way, although the two signals remain separate.
In most instances, the best way to approach equalization is to think in terms of
which frequency areas you need to attenuate, as opposed to which ones you
need to boost (boosting a frequency area also has the effect of boosting the
overall signal; too much EQ boost can actually cause overload). Be aware of the
phenomenon of masking, where loud sounds in one frequency range obscure
softer sounds in the same range; by cutting EQ “notches” in a loud signal, you
can actually make room for a softer one to shine through. And try not to think of
EQ as a miracle worker—no amount of equalization can put a singer in tune or
remove the distortion from an overloaded input signal! The key is to get the sig-
nal right in the first place, by using correct gain structure and mic placement.
Although the specific EQ you will apply to a signal is very much a matter of
personal taste, here are a few general suggestions: Boosting the low frequency
of instruments such as bass drums or bass guitar will add warmth and make the
sound “fatter”; conversely, you may want to attenuate the low frequency compo-
nent of instruments such as cymbals, high-hats, and shakers so as to “thin” them
out. Also, be careful not to boost high frequencies too much or you risk adding
hiss to the signal, though just a touch can help add “shimmer” to an acoustic gui-
tar, ride cymbal, or high-hat. Finally, because the PL 1602 EQ utilizes shelving
curves, attenuated High settings can be used to reduce hiss (which is composed
almost exclusively of high frequencies) and attenuated Low settings can be used
to reduce rumble (which is composed almost exclusively of low frequencies).
17
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Us ing Aux Se nds and Re turns
The PL 1602’s two Auxiliary sends allow you to combine the signal from multiple
0
channels and send the resulting mix to external devices such as effects proces-
sors. When an Aux send knob is at the “0” position, the signal is routed with
unity gain (that is, no boost or attenuation). As it is turned clockwise from the
0 position, the signal is boosted; as it is turned counterclockwise from the 0 posi-
tion, it is attenuated. Both Aux sends are pre-fade; that is, the level of the signal
is unaffected by the Level control, the Left/Right faders, and (in the case of
channels 1 and 3), the Trim control. However, both Aux sends are post-EQ, so
they are affected by equalizer settings.
∞
∞
+10
AUX 1L
0
+10
AUX 2R
Although the PL 1602 can accommodate up to sixteen monophonic inputs, it is
optimized to provide eight stereo channels, so we’ve designed the Aux sends so
that, when a “matched” pair of consecutive channel inputs (that is, both odd-
numbered and even-numbered) are connected, the odd-numbered (left) input
signal can only be routed to Aux 1L, while the even-numbered (right) input can
only be routed to Aux 2R. When only the odd-numbered (left) input is connected
(the recommended way to connect monophonic devices to the PL 1602), the
signal can be routed to both Aux 1L and Aux 2R. When only the even-numbered
(right) input is connected, the signal can only be routed to Aux 2R.
The PL 1602 also provides two stereo Auxiliary returns. These allow you to
return signal from outboard devices, either in stereo pairs or monophonically
(many popular effects processors provide a single mono input but have two
stereo outputs). In practice, you’ll probably want to use the Auxiliary returns to
bring in signal from connected effects processors. If the effects processors have
stereo outputs, they should be connected to both the left and right Auxiliary
return inputs so that their stereo integrity is retained. If they have mono outputs,
you can route them to either the left or right inputs and then use the Auxiliary
return Balance control to adjust the relative level of each paired signal. In this
way, you can actually connect up to four monophonic devices to the PL 1602’s
Aux return section.
0
∞
+10
R
L
AUX 1/2 RETURN
BALANCE
0
∞
+10
L
R
AUX 3/4 RETURN
BALANCE
Each of the stereo Auxiliary returns is somewhat similar to a stereo channel,
except that a signal being brought into to a stereo channel can be equalized if
necessary and optionally sent on to other outboard devices (via Aux sends or
channel inserts).
18
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Us ing Channe l Ins e rts
In addition to using Auxiliary sends and returns to access outboard devices, the
PL 1602 also provides channel inserts for the first six input channels. These
should be used when you want to affect just one input signal, as opposed to
signal from several inputs—most often, this will be for dynamic processing
purposes (such as outboard equalization, compression/limiting, or noise gating).
You can also use the channel insert sends as post-eq (but pre-fade) direct
outputs, if you need to route a single monophonic signal to an external device
such as a tape deck.
6R
5L
4R
3L
2R
1L
INSERTS TIP RETURN RING SEND
The channel insert jacks on the rear panel accept 1/4" TRS plugs, with the ring
carrying the send signal and the tip carrying the return signal; this will normally
be connected to a Y-cord (see the “Connecting The PL 1602” section on page 9
in this manual for a wiring diagram). This configuration is sometimes known as
an “effects loop,” since the signal is sent and returned over the same cable.
If nothing is plugged into the channel insert jacks, they have no effect—but if you
connect them to a passive device like a patchbay, you’ll need to normal (perma-
nently connect) or half-normal (connection is made unless overriden by a patch
cord) the send to the return. The insert signal is returned just before the channel
Gain control. For this reason, you’ll have to be careful to set the output of exter-
nal devices connected this way to unity gain.
19
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Applications
Here are four suggested applications for the PL 1602; bear in mind that your particular circumstance may dictate
changes in these suggested signal connections and routings.
Application 1 - Us ing The PL 1602 As A Main Live Mixe r
The main connections here involve routing the PL 1602’s Main output to the input of a power amplifier, and, from there,
to PA speakers. Microphones are connected to channels 1 and 3, while line level signals are connected to other channel
inputs (stereo signals are routed to “matched” consecutive odd- and even-numbered inputs). A tape deck is connected
to stereo Aux return 1, while a signal processor is connected to Aux return 2, with signal being sent to that signal proces-
sor from Aux send 1. Another signal processor is connected to channel insert 1 so as to affect the signal coming from
the mic connected to channel 1.
MIDI KEYBOARD
L
R
MIDI TONE GENERATOR
R
L
DRUM MACHINE
PL 1602 16 CHANNEL LINE MIXER
POWER
SAMSON TECHNOLOGIES CORP., NEW YORK, U.S.A.
S
/
N
MIC
1
INPUTS BALANCED 10KΩ -30 to +4db TIP
+
RING
-
SLEEVE GND.
-10
110
ON
0
OFF
+4
-40
TRIM
16R
15L
14R
13L
12R
11L
10R
9L
8R
7L
6R
5L
4R
3L
2R
1L
AVIS:
RISQUE DE CHOC ELECTRIQUE
NE PAS OUVRIR
-10
DO NOT EXPOSE THIS EQUIPMENT
TO RAIN OR MOISTURE
0
+4
-40
TRIM
POWER
RATING
120V 60 Hz 35W
-
R
L
R
L
3L
2R
1L
2R
1L
AUX SEND
6R
5L
4R
3L
2R
1L
CAUTION
RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
DO NOT OPEN
MAIN OUT
BALANCED 600 +4db
TIP RING
BUS
INSERTS
AUX
RETURNS
UNBALANCED 10KΩ
INSERTS TIP RETURN RING SEND
MIC 3
UNBALANCED
~115V(0.3A)
230V(0.15A)
50/60Hz 30W
!
+
-
SLEEVE GND MIXER LINKING
2KΩ +4db
Ring
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
Tip
S
A
M
S
O
N
-
+
1
1
5
5
d
d
b
b
+
-1
1
5
5
d
db
b
0
0
-15db
+15db
-15db
+15db
0
0
L
R
CASSETTE or DAT
L
R
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
R
L
S
A
M
S
O
N
SERVO - 240
20
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Applications
Application 2 - Us ing The PL 1602 As An Ons tage Monitor Mixe r
Here, the PL 1602 is receiving monophonic signal into its line inputs from the direct channel outputs of a main live mixer.
Its Main output is connected to an outboard signal processor (typically an equalizer) prior to being routed to an amplifier
and onstage monitors. This allows the overall mix to be adjusted in order to eliminate feedback and ringing problems.
L
R
S
A
M
S
O
N
SERVO - 240
L
R
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
L
S
A
M
S
O
N
+15db
+15db
0
0
-15db
+15db
-15db
+15db
0
0
-15db
-15db
R
S A M S O N
16 CHANNEL
AUDIO MIXER
MPL 1640
1
2
3
4
6
7
8
9
10
-10
11
12
-10
13
-10
14
-10
5
15
-10
16
-10
-10
-10
-10
0
-10
0
-10
-10
-10
-10
-10
-10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
+4
-50
+4
-50
+4
-50
+4
-50
+4
-50
+4
-50
+4
-50
+4
-50
+4
-50
+4
-50
+4
-50
+4
-50
+4
-50
+4
-50
+4
-50
+4
-50
INPUT TRIM
INPUT TRIM
INPUT TRIM
INPUT TRIM
INPUT TRIM
INPUT TRIM
INPUT TRIM INPUT TRIM
INPUT TRIM
INPUT TRIM
INPUT TRIM
INPUT TRIM
INPUT TRIM INPUT TRIM INPUT TRIM
INPUT TRIM
MPL 1640
16 CHANNEL AUDIO MIXER
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
STERE0
PFL
-20 -10 -6
-3
0
0
+3 +6
-15
-12
-15
+15
HIGH
-15
-12
-15
+15
HIGH
-15
-12
-15
+15
HIGH
-15
-12
-15
+15
HIGH
-15
-12
-15
+15
HIGH
-15
-12
-15
+15
HIGH
-15
-12
-15
+15
-15
-12
-15
+15
-15
-12
-15
+15
HIGH
-15
-12
-15
+15
HIGH
-15
-12
-15
+15
HIGH
-15
-12
-15
+15
HIGH
-15
-12
-15
+15
-15
-12
-15
+15
-15
-12
-15
+15
-15
-12
-15
+15
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
LEFT
RIGHT
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-20 -10 -6
-3
+3 +6
PFL
PHANTOM
POWER
+12
+12
+12
+12
+12
+12
+12
+12
+12
+12
+12
+12
+12
+12
+12
+12
MID
0
MID
0
MID
0
MID
0
MID
0
MID
0
MID
0
MID
0
MID
0
MID
0
MID
0
MID
0
MID
0
MID
0
MID
0
MID
0
+15
LOW
+15
LOW
+15
LOW
+15
LOW
+15
LOW
+15
LOW
+15
LOW
+15
LOW
+15
LOW
+15
LOW
+15
LOW
+15
LOW
+15
LOW
+15
LOW
+15
LOW
+15
LOW
STEREO AUXILIARY RETURNS
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
+10
1
+10
1
+10
1
+10
1
+10
1
+10
1
−∞
+10
1
−∞
+10
1
−∞
+10
1
−∞
+10
1
−∞
+10
1
+10
1
−∞
+10
1
−∞
+10
1
−∞
+10
1
+10
1
−
∞
+20
LEVEL
L
R
BALANCE
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
RETURN
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
+10
2
+10
2
+10
2
+10
2
+10
2
+10
2
+10
2
+10
2
+10
2
+10
2
−∞
+10
2
−∞
+10
2
−∞
+10
2
−∞
+10
2
−∞
+10
2
−∞
+10
2
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
0
+20
LEVEL
L
R
BALANCE
−
∞
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
RETURN
2
+10
3
+10
3
+10
3
+10
3
+10
3
+10
3
+10
3
+10
3
+10
3
+10
3
+10
3
+10
3
+10
3
+10
3
+10
3
+10
3
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
−∞
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
0
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
+20
LEVEL
L
R
L
R
L
R
−
∞
PAN
PFL
PAN
PFL
PAN
PFL
PAN
PFL
PAN
PFL
PAN
PFL
PAN
PFL
PAN
PFL
PAN
PFL
PAN
PFL
PAN
PFL
PAN
PFL
PAN
PFL
PAN
PFL
BALANCE
PAN
PFL
PAN
PFL
RETURN
3
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
0
BUS
BUS
MUTE
BUS
MUTE
BUS
MUTE
BUS
MUTE
BUS
MUTE
BUS
BUS
MUTE
BUS
MUTE
BUS
MUTE
BUS
BUS
BUS
BUS
BUS
BUS
L
3
/
/
R
4
/
/
R
4
L
3
/
/
R
4
L
3
/
/
R
4
L
3
/
/
R
4
L
3
/
/
R
4
L
3
/
/
R
4
/
/
R
4
L
3
/
/
R
4
L
3
/
/
R
4
L
3
/
/
R
4
L
3
/
/
R
4
L
3
/
/
R
4
/
/
R
4
/
/
R
4
/
/
R
4
MUTE L
3
MUTE L
3
MUTE
MUTE
MUTE L
3
MUTE L
3
MUTE L
3
MUTE
0
10
+15
−∞
3
-
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
HEADPHONES
LEVEL
PEAK
PEAK
PEAK
PEAK
PEAK
PEAK
PEAK
PEAK
PEAK
PEAK
PEAK
PEAK
PEAK
PEAK
PEAK
PEAK
L
MAIN
+15
R
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-∞
-∞
-∞
-∞
dB
-∞
-∞
dB
-∞
dB
-∞
-∞
-∞
-∞
-∞
-∞
-∞
-∞
-∞
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
PL 1602 16 CHANNEL LINE MIXER
SAMSON TECHNOLOGIES CORP., NEW YORK, U.S.A.
S
/
N
MIC
1
POWER
INPUTS BALANCED 10KΩ -30 to +4db TIP
+
RING
-
SLEEVE GND.
-10
110
ON
OFF
0
+4
-40
TRIM
16R
15L
14R
13L
12R
11L
10R
9L
8R
7L
6R
5L
4R
3L
2R
1L
AVIS:
RISQUE DE CHOC ELECTRIQUE
NE PAS OUVRIR
-10
DO NOT EXPOSE THIS EQUIPMENT
TO RAIN OR MOISTURE
0
+4
-40
TRIM
POWER
RATING
120V 60 Hz 35W
-
R
L
R
L
4R
3L
2R
1L
2R
1L
AUX SEND
6R
5L
4R
3L
2R
1L
CAUTION
RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
DO NOT OPEN
MAIN OUT
BALANCED 600 +4db
TIP RING
BUS
INSERTS
AUX
RETURNS
UNBALANCED 10KΩ
INSERTS TIP RETURN RING SEND
MIC 3
UNBALANCED
~115V(0.3A)
230V(0.15A)
50/60Hz 30W
!
+
-
SLEEVE GND MIXER LINKING
2KΩ +4db
21
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Applications
Application 3 - Us ing The PL 1602 As A Ke yboard Submixe r
Here, various keyboards and MIDI tone generators are connected to the channel line inputs of the PL 1602, with stereo
signals routed to “matched” consecutive odd- and even-numbered inputs. Signal processors are connected to Aux sends
and returns and to channel inserts as required. The Main output can then be routed to a stereo input channel of a live
performance or recording mixing console, with the performer having complete control over the blend of signals being
provided to the sound engineer.
R
L
MIDI TONE GENERATOR
R
L
MIDI KEYBOARD
L
R
MIDI TONE GENERATOR
MIDI KEYBOARD
PL 1602 16 CHANNEL LINE MIXER
SAMSON TECHNOLOGIES CORP., NEW YORK, U.S.A.
S
/
N
MIC
1
POWER
INPUTS BALANCED 10KΩ -30 to +4db TIP
+
RING
-
SLEEVE GND.
-10
110
ON
0
OFF
+4
-40
TRIM
16R
15L
14R
13L
12R
11L
10R
9L
8R
7L
6R
5L
4R
3L
2R
1L
AVIS:
RISQUE DE CHOC ELECTRIQUE
NE PAS OUVRIR
-10
DO NOT EXPOSE THIS EQUIPMENT
TO RAIN OR MOISTURE
0
+4
-40
TRIM
POWER
RATING
120V 60 Hz 35W
-
R
L
R
L
4R
3L
2R
2R
1L
AUX SEND
6R
5L
4R
3L
2R
1L
CAUTION
RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
DO NOT OPEN
MAIN OUT
BALANCED 600 +4db
+
BUS
INSERTS
AUX
RETURNS
INSERTS TIP RETURN RING SEND
MIC 3
UNBALANCED
~115V(0.3A)
230V(0.15A)
50/60Hz 30W
!
UNBALANCED 10KΩ
TIP
RING
-
SLEEVE GND MIXER LINKING
2KΩ +4db
Ring
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
Tip
IN
R
L
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
-10
-10
0
-10
-10
-10
-10
-10
-10
-10
-10
-10
-10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
+4
+4
+4
+4
+4
+4
+4
+4
+4
+4
+4
+4
-30
-30
-30
-30
-30
-30
-30
-30
-30
-30
-30
-30
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
+12
-15
+15
-15
+15
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-12
+12
-12
+12
-12
+12
-12
+12
-12
+12
-12
+12
-12
+12
-12
+12
-12
+12
-12
-12
+12
-12
+12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
db
db
db
db
db
db
db
db
db
db
db
db
db
∞
∞
∞
∞
∞
∞
∞
∞
∞
∞
∞
∞
∞
22
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Applications
Application 4 - Linking The PL 1602 With Othe r Mixe rs
The provision of rear-panel Bus Inserts makes it easy to link multiple PL 1602s or to link the PL 1602 with other mixers,
without the need to use up channel line inputs. As shown in this illustration, simply connect the main output of another
mixer to the PL 1602 Bus Inserts. The signal from that mixer will then be “submixed” in at unity gain; you can then use
the main output faders of the secondary mixer to blend its relative level with that of the PL 1602.
-10
-10
-10
-10
-10
-10
-10
-10
-10
-10
-10
-10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
+4
+4
+4
+4
+4
+4
+4
+4
+4
+4
+4
+4
-30
-30
-30
-30
-30
-30
-30
-30
-30
-30
-30
-30
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-12
+12
-12
+12
-12
+12
-12
+12
-12
+12
-12
+12
-12
+12
-12
+12
-12
+12
-12
+12
-12
+12
-12
+12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
PL 1602 16 CHANNEL LINE MIXER
SAMSON TECHNOLOGIES CORP., NEW YORK, U.S.A.
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
-12
-15
+12
S
/
N
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
MIC
1
POWER
INPUTS BALANCED 10KΩ -30 to +4db TIP
+
RING
-
SLEEVE GND.
-10
110
ON
OFF
0
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+4
-40
TRIM
16R
15L
14R
13L
12R
11L
10R
9L
8R
7L
6R
5L
4R
3L
2R
1L
AVIS:
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
PFL (SOLO)
RISQUE DE CHOC ELECTRIQUE
NE PAS OUVRIR
-10
DO NOT EXPOSE THIS EQUIPMENT
TO RAIN OR MOISTURE
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
+15
0
+4
-40
TRIM
POWER
RATING
120V 60 Hz 35W
-
R
L
R
L
4R
3L
2R
1L
2R
1L
AUX SEND
6R
5L
4R
3L
2R
1L
CAUTION
RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
DO NOT OPEN
MAIN OUT
BALANCED 600 +4db
TIP + RING
BUS
INSERTS
AUX
RETURNS
UNBALANCED 10KΩ
INSERTS TIP RETURN RING SEND
MIC 3
UNBALANCED
~115V(0.3A)
230V(0.15A)
50/60Hz 30W
!
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-
SLEEVE GND MIXER LINKING
2KΩ +4db
db
db
db
db
db
db
db
db
db
db
db
db
db
∞
∞
∞
∞
∞
∞
∞
∞
∞
∞
∞
∞
∞
MAIN OUT
R
L
PL 1602 16 CHANNEL LINE MIXER
PL 1602 16 CHANNEL LINE MIXER
SAMSON TECHNOLOGIES CORP., NEW YORK, U.S.A.
SAMSON TECHNOLOGIES CORP., NEW YORK, U.S.A.
S
/
N
S
/
N
MIC
1
MIC 1
POWER
POWER
INPUTS BALANCED 10KΩ -30 to +4db TIP
+
RING
-
SLEEVE GND.
INPUTS BALANCED 10KΩ -30 to +4db TIP
+
RING
-
SLEEVE GND.
-10
-10
110
110
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
0
0
+4
-40
+4
-40
TRIM
TRIM
16R
15L
14R
13L
12R
11L
10R
9L
8R
7L
6R
5L
4R
3L
2R
1L
16R
15L
14R
13L
12R
11L
10R
9L
8R
7L
6R
5L
4R
3L
2R
1L
AVIS:
AVIS:
RISQUE DE CHOC ELECTRIQUE
NE PAS OUVRIR
RISQUE DE CHOC ELECTRIQUE
NE PAS OUVRIR
-10
-10
DO NOT EXPOSE THIS EQUIPMENT
TO RAIN OR MOISTURE
DO NOT EXPOSE THIS EQUIPMENT
TO RAIN OR MOISTURE
0
0
+4
-40
+4
-40
TRIM
TRIM
POWER
RATING
POWER
RATING
120V
-
60 Hz 35W
120V 60 Hz 35W
-
R
L
R
L
4R
3L
2R
1L
2R
1L
AUX SEND
6R
5L
4R
3L
2R
1L
R
L
R
L
4R
3L
2R
1L
2R
1L
AUX SEND
6R
5L
4R
3L
2R
1L
CAUTION
RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
DO NOT OPEN
MAIN OUT
BUS
INSERTS
AUX
RETURNS
UNBALANCED 10KΩ
INSERTS TIP RETURN RING SEND
MIC
3
CAUTION
RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
DO NOT OPEN
MAIN OUT
BALANCED 600 +4db
TIP RING
BUS
INSERTS
AUX
INSERTS TIP RETURN RING SEND
MIC 3
BALANCED 600 +4db
+
UNBALANCED
UNBALANCED
~115V(0.3A)
230V(0.15A)
50/60Hz 30W
!
~115V(0.3A)
230V(0.15A)
50/60Hz 30W
!
RETURNS
UNBALANCED 10KΩ
TIP
RING
-
SLEEVE GND MIXER LINKING
2KΩ +4db
+
-
SLEEVE GND MIXER LINKING
2KΩ +4db
23
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Appe ndix A: Block Diagram
24
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Appe ndix B: Changing the PL 1602 Voltage
Following are step-by-step instructions for changing the mains voltage of the PL 1602. NOTE: The voltage rating will nor-
mally be preset correctly at the factory and will require no adjustment unless you use the PL 1602 in a country other than
the one in which you purchased the unit. WARNING: Before carrying out this operation, remove the power cord!
110
110
2 2 0
1: Insert a small screwdriv-
er into the hook beneath the
fuse sled and pull it out from
its retaining clip. Hold the
hook with your fingers and
gently pull the sled out.
2: Remove fuse sled.
3: Use a small pair of
needlenose pliers to
gently pull out the
mains jumper.
110
220
1 1 0
2 2 0
4: Use the needlenose pliers to turn the
mains jumper upside down so that the
other voltage value is right side up, then
reinsert the mains jumper. Reinsert the
fuse sled by gently pushing it back in
until you hear a click and snap the hook
back beneath its retaining clip.
Note that the fuse sled carries two fuses—one for 115 volt operation (actually 105 - 120 volts) and another for 230 volt
operation (actually 220 - 240 volts). The position of the two fuses in the sled as well as the fuse ratings must be
maintained for adequate protection. Fuse ratings are: 0.3 amp for 115 VAC and 0.15 amp for 230 VAC.
25
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Spe cifications
1. Frequency Response (Unity)
2. THD+N (unity gain, 20 Hz - 20 kHz)
3. Maximum Gain (Mic in to Main Mix out)
4. Crosstalk (Ch - to - Ch, 1 kHz)
5. Residual Noise
20 Hz to 20 kHz ± 1 dB
Less than 0.05 %
69 dB
-70 dB
-85 dB
6. Headphone Output Level
100 mW (32 Ω loaded)
7. Equalizer
High
10 kHz ± 15 dB
100 Hz ± 15 dB
Low
8. Dimensions
9. Weight
19 in (w) x 9 (d) x 3.5 (h)
482 mm (w) x 230 (d) x 88 (h)
8.8 lbs • 4 kg
26
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