Important Information
Warranty
The media on which you receive National Instruments software are warranted not to fail to execute programming
instructions, due to defects in materials and workmanship, for a period of 90 days from date of shipment, as evidenced
by receipts or other documentation. National Instruments will, at its option, repair or replace software media that do not
execute programming instructions if National Instruments receives notice of such defects during the warranty period.
National Instruments does not warrant that the operation of the software shall be uninterrupted or error free.
A Return Material Authorization (RMA) number must be obtained from the factory and clearly marked on the outside
of the package before any equipment will be accepted for warranty work. National Instruments will pay the shipping costs
of returning to the owner parts which are covered by warranty.
National Instruments believes that the information in this manual is accurate. The document has been carefully reviewed
for technical accuracy. In the event that technical or typographical errors exist, National Instruments reserves the right to
make changes to subsequent editions of this document without prior notice to holders of this edition. The reader should
consult National Instruments if errors are suspected. In no event shall National Instruments be liable for any damages
arising out of or related to this document or the information contained in it.
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Instruments shall not be liable for any delay in performance due to causes beyond its reasonable control. The warranty
provided herein does not cover damages, defects, malfunctions, or service failures caused by owner’s failure to follow
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owner’s abuse, misuse, or negligent acts; and power failure or surges, fire, flood, accident, actions of third parties,
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Under the copyright laws, this publication may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording, storing in an information retrieval system, or translating, in whole or in part, without
the prior written consent of National Instruments Corporation.
Trademarks
ComponentWorks™, CVI™, DataSocket™, HiQ™, LabVIEW™, natinst.com™, National Instruments™, NI-488.2™
,
NI-DAQ™, and NI-VXI™ are trademarks of National Instruments Corporation.
Product and company names listed are trademarks or trade names of their respective companies.
WARNING REGARDING MEDICAL AND CLINICAL USE OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS
National Instruments products are not designed with components and testing intended to ensure a level of reliability
suitable for use in treatment and diagnosis of humans. Applications of National Instruments products involving medical
or clinical treatment can create a potential for accidental injury caused by product failure, or by errors on the part of the
user or application designer. Any use or application of National Instruments products for or involving medical or clinical
treatment must be performed by properly trained and qualified medical personnel, and all traditional medical safeguards,
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and safety in medical or clinical treatment.
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Contents
Chapter 1
Required System Configuration.....................................................................................1-1
Concurrent PowerMAX...................................................................................1-4
Distribution Changes in LabVIEW 5.1..........................................................................1-5
LabVIEW 5.1 Platforms..................................................................................1-5
Discontinued Media.........................................................................................1-5
Installing LabVIEW.......................................................................................................1-6
LabVIEW RT ..................................................................................................1-6
Windows..........................................................................................................1-6
Macintosh ........................................................................................................1-7
UNIX...............................................................................................................1-7
For More Information about LabVIEW ..........................................................1-10
Data Acquisition, VXI, and GPIB Installation Notes......................................1-10
Installing HiQ for Windows ..........................................................................................1-12
Examples and Solutions for Your LabVIEW Programs................................................1-12
Low-Level Register I/O for Windows 95/98.................................................................1-13
Common LabVIEW Launch Errors on UNIX...............................................................1-13
Configuring LabVIEW Windows on UNIX..................................................................1-14
Configuring LabVIEW with the Tab Window Manager.................................1-14
Configuring LabVIEW with the HP VUE Window Manager.........................1-14
Configuring LabVIEW with the Motif or CDE Window Manager ................1-14
Notice to Sun SPARCstation 5 Users............................................................................1-15
Compatibility Issues between Versions 4.1 and 5.x ......................................................1-16
Compatibility VIs for New Server Functionality............................................1-16
Compatibility VIs for ActiveX Functions.......................................................1-16
Additional Resources.....................................................................................................1-17
Upgrading to LabVIEW 5.1...........................................................................................1-17
Converting VIs ................................................................................................1-18
Upgrading Application Libraries and Toolkits................................................1-18
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Contents
Chapter 2
Dialog Box, Menu, and Window Enhancements .......................................................... 2-1
Scaling Front Panel Objects............................................................................ 2-1
Saving for a Previous Version ........................................................................ 2-4
Accessing Recently Opened Files................................................................... 2-4
Searching in LabVIEW................................................................................... 2-5
Macintosh Navigation Services in LabVIEW................................................. 2-6
3D Graph Controls for Windows.................................................................... 2-9
Ring Enhancements......................................................................................... 2-11
ActiveX Enhancements for Windows............................................................. 2-13
HiQ and MATLAB Functionality for Windows............................................. 2-15
Integration of Mathematics and Signal Processing VIs.................................. 2-22
Sound VIs for Windows and Macintosh......................................................... 2-25
Generating Reports in LabVIEW for Windows.............................................. 2-25
Enhancements to DAQ.................................................................................................. 2-39
DAQ Solution Wizard..................................................................................... 2-39
New Syntax Element for Nonsequentially Scanned SCXI
Enhancements to VISA ................................................................................................. 2-40
Building Executable Programs........................................................................ 2-41
Run-Time Engine for the Application Builder for Windows ......................... 2-46
Enhancements to Networking........................................................................................ 2-47
DataSocket VIs for Windows ......................................................................... 2-47
Internet/HTTP Services................................................................................... 2-47
Enhancements to Examples and Activities.................................................................... 2-62
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Contents
ActiveX..........................................................................................................................A-1
General Interface Features.............................................................................................A-2
File Manager Tool...........................................................................................A-3
Other General Interface Features.....................................................................A-5
Adding VIs to the Project and Help Menus...................................................................A-7
Allocation of Threads on Concurrent PowerMAX and Solaris 2..................................A-7
Clarifications to the LabVIEW User Manual ................................................................A-8
Index
Figures
Ring Constant Examples .......................................................................2-11
Setting a Data Value with a Ring Constant...........................................2-12
ActiveX Events Palette..........................................................................2-14
Web Server Browser Access Dialog Box..............................................2-49
Web Server Visible VIs Dialog Box .....................................................2-52
Figure 2-2.
Figure 2-4.
Figure 2-5.
Figure 2-6.
Figure 2-7.
Figure A-1. File Manager Tool Dialog Box .............................................................A-4
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Contents
Tables
Table 2-4.
Table 2-6.
Table 2-7.
Table 2-8.
Table 2-9.
Table 2-10.
Table 2-11.
Signal Processing VIs Current and Previous Locations ...................... 2-24
Token Descriptions .............................................................................. 2-27
Web Server Configuration Dialog Box Options .................................. 2-48
Web Server Browser Access Dialog Box Options .............................. 2-50
Examples of Access List Entries .......................................................... 2-51
Web Server Visible VIs Dialog Box Options ...................................... 2-53
Wildcard Characters in Visible VIs List .............................................. 2-54
Examples of Visible VI List Entries .................................................... 2-54
LabVIEW 5.1 Addendum
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About This Addendum
This addendum describes all of the new LabVIEW 5.1 features,
information. Upgrade issues pertain to LabVIEW 5.1 only.
Note
LabVIEW 5.1 ships with the same manual set that shipped with LabVIEW 5.0.
LabVIEW 5.1 have rendered some information in the manuals incorrect. Please
refer to Appendix A, Manual Clarifications and Additions, for corrections and
important information.
•
Chapter 1, Required Configuration, Installation, and Upgrade
Information, describes the system requirements for the LabVIEW
software and contains installation instructions and updated
documentation information.
•
Chapter 2, New Features in LabVIEW 5.1, describes the features added
and the significant changes made between versions 5.0 and 5.1. To help
you learn more about LabVIEW, version 5.1 offers extensive online
documentation, which you can access by choosing Help»Online
Reference....
•
•
corrects information in the LabVIEW manual set.
The Index contains an alphabetical list of key words and topics in this
manual, including the page where you can find each one.
Chapter 1, Required Configuration, Installation, and Upgrade Information
before continuing with this installation.
If you are upgrading from a previous version of LabVIEW, carefully read
the Upgrading to LabVIEW 5.1 section in Chapter 1, Required
Configuration, Installation, and Upgrade Information.
Note
LabVIEW is Year-2000 compliant. Because LabVIEW has never stored two-digit
years, the change to 2000 does not affect any internal storage of dates.
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1
Required Configuration,
Installation, and Upgrade
Information
This chapter describes the system requirements for the LabVIEW software
and contains installation instructions and updated documentation
information.
instructions in the Installing LabVIEW section of this chapter.
Required System Configuration
Table 1-1 describes the minimum system requirements needed to run
LabVIEW 5.1.
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Chapter 1
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Table 1-1. Installation Requirements
Media and System
Platform
Requirements
Important Notes
All Windows
Versions
Distributed on CD-ROM.
The LabVIEW Online Tutorial default
configuration requires the LabVIEW 5.1
distribution CD to be in your CD-ROM
drive. You also can install the LabVIEW
Online Tutorial files on your hard drive. This
installation requires approximately 40 MB
A separate CD contains the
complete instrument driver
library.
You need a minimum of
60 MB of disk storage space of hard disk space.
for the Base package or
The LabVIEW Online Tutorial and
85 MB for the Full
Development System.
LabVIEW Help files contain 256-color
graphics. Your video driver, configured
through Control Panels»Display, must be
configured for at least 256 colors. Minimum
requirements to view the tutorial are
You need a minimum of
16 MB of RAM.
800 × 600 pixel resolution and the Microsoft
Video for Windows driver. To view Help
files, configure your video driver for at least
256 colors with 800 × 600 pixel resolution.
National Instruments recommends 32 MB of
RAM and a Pentium processor for this
version to run effectively.
Windows 95/98
Windows NT
LabVIEW runs on any
system that supports
Windows 95/98.
LabVIEW runs on
Windows NT 4.0 Service
Pack 3 or later.
DEC Alpha, MIPS, and
PowerPC 80x86 emulators
must emulate 80386
instructions to run
LabVIEW.
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Table 1-1. Installation Requirements (Continued)
Media and System
Platform
Requirements
Important Notes
Power Macintosh
Distributed on CD.
National Instruments recommends that you
have at least 32 MB of RAM. You might
need more memory, depending on the size of
the application you design in LabVIEW and
the amount of data that your application
LabVIEW requires
System 7 or 8.
You need a minimum of
24 MB of RAM and at least manipulates.
100 MB of disk storage
For more accurate timing, install the Apple
space for the minimal
installation of LabVIEW
or 120 MB for the full
installation.
QuickTime extension. When you use
QuickTime, timing accuracy should increase
from 16.6 ms resolution to approximately
1 ms resolution. System response varies
depending on background applications,
other extensions, networking activity, and
disk caching.
All UNIX Versions LabVIEW requires an X
Window System server,
LabVIEW uses a directory for storing
temporary files. Some of the temporary files
are large, so keep several megabytes of disk
space available for this temporary directory.
The default for the temporary directory is
/tmp. You can change the temporary
such as OpenWindows 3.x,
HP-VUE, or X11R6.
You need a minimum of
32 MB of RAM with 32 MB
of swap space storage.
directory by selecting Edit»Preferences....
If LabVIEW aborts unexpectedly, it might
leave files behind in the temporary directory.
Remove old files occasionally to avoid
depleting your disk space.
You need a minimum of
65 MB of disk storage space
for the entire LabVIEW
package.
To save space, install only the VIs you plan
to use.
LabVIEW does not require a specific
graphical user interface (GUI) such as Motif
or OpenLook, because LabVIEW uses Xlib
to create its own GUI.
Sun
Distributed on CD.
LabVIEW runs on
SPARCstations with
Solaris 2.4 or later.
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Chapter 1
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Table 1-1. Installation Requirements (Continued)
Media and System
Requirements
Platform
Important Notes
HP-UX
Distributed on CD.
HP workstations limit the size of a process
such as LabVIEW to 64 MB. You may need
to increase this setting to accommodate your
LabVIEW application. For information on
changing this setting, see the HP-UX 10.x
section under Installing LabVIEW.
LabVIEW runs on
Hewlett-Packard
Model 9000 Series 700
computers with HP-UX
10.20 or later.
Linux
Distributed on CD.
Requires GNU C Library Version 2
(glibc2, also known as libc.so.6).
LabVIEW runs on Linux for
Intel x86 processors,
RedHat Linux 5.0 or later includes the
version 2.0.x or later.
glibc2runtime library.
Concurrent
PowerMAX
Distributed on 4 mm
DAT tape.
See the Operating System Patches section
for Concurrent PowerMAX below for
information on the patches you must
download to run LabVIEW.
LabVIEW runs on
PowerMAX version 4.2
or later.
Operating System Patches
For your LabVIEW package to run effectively, be sure to install the
following patches.
Concurrent PowerMAX
LabVIEW 5.1 requires version 4.2 or later of the PowerMAX operating
system. In addition, you must install the following patches, available from
Concurrent, so that basic LabVIEW networking functions correctly:
•
•
inet-005
One of the following, depending on your system:
–
–
–
base-007
base-008
base-009
for Power Hawk 610, Power Hawk 620, and all
single-processor PowerStack systems
for Power Hawk 640 and multi-processor
PowerStack II systems
for Night Hawk systems
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Distribution Changes in LabVIEW 5.1
This section explains changes in platform support and installation media
with this and subsequent versions of LabVIEW.
LabVIEW 5.1 Platforms
LabVIEW 5.1 is now available with limited support on Linux/x86. For
more information, see http://www.natinst.com/linux.
LabVIEW 5.1 and planned future versions of LabVIEW are not available
on the following platforms:
•
•
•
•
Windows 3.x
Macintosh for the Motorola 680x0
Solaris 1.x
HP-UX 9.x
You can purchase LabVIEW 5.0.x for these platforms and maintenance
upgrades and fixes are available from National Instruments, but National
Instruments plans no new feature development for these platforms. Contact
Note
LabVIEW 5.1 has a Save for Previous option that can ease this transition. Notice
that choosing this option only maintains window proportions. To have the objects
maintain proportions, you must also choose Scale All Objects on Panel.
Alternatively, you could choose a single object to scale when the window changes
size. See the Saving for a Previous Version section of Chapter 2, New Features in
LabVIEW 5.1, for more information.
Discontinued Media
National Instruments ships LabVIEW 5.1 on CD-ROM only. If you do not
have a CD-ROM drive on your system, contact National Instruments.
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Chapter 1
Installing LabVIEW
If you are upgrading from an earlier version of LabVIEW, read the
Upgrading to LabVIEW 5.1 section later in this chapter before installing
LabVIEW.
(Windows) For an introduction to the LabVIEW environment, complete the
LabVIEW Online Tutorial. Launch the tutorial by clicking LabVIEW
Tutorial in the LabVIEW dialog box.
To access the LabVIEW dialog box, either launch LabVIEW or close all
open LabVIEW VIs if you already are running LabVIEW.
(Windows) When you insert the LabVIEW installation CD, a dialog box
appears, from which you can choose to install LabVIEW, install HiQ, or
run the toolkit demos.
LabVIEW RT
LabVIEW RT works with National Instruments RT Series intelligent DAQ
hardware, and allows you to perform real-time, deterministic data
acquisition and to control applications on Windows PCs. With LabVIEW
RT, you can create embedded VIs that run in real-time on processor-based
RT Series hardware. Combined with the RT Series intelligent DAQ boards,
LabVIEW RT gives you the simple graphical programming of LabVIEW
with proven DAQ technology for a complete, integrated solution for
real-time applications.
If you are installing LabVIEW RT instead of LabVIEW 5.1, refer to the
RT Series Hardware and LabVIEW RT User Manual for complete
installation instructions.
Caution
LabVIEW RT is English only. If you are upgrading from a non-English version
of LabVIEW to LabVIEW RT, your version of LabVIEW will be in English.
!
Windows
Complete the following steps to install LabVIEW for Windows.
1. (Windows NT) Log on to Windows NT as an administrator or as a user
with administrator privileges.
x:\AUTORUN.EXE, where xis the drive letter for your CD-ROM drive.
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Note
The installer gives you the option of performing a full installation or a minimal
installation. If you do not have sufficient disk space (approximately 85 MB),
choose the minimal installation and use your LabVIEW CD to access the
remaining components.
3. After you choose an installation, follow the instructions that appear on
your screen.
4. After you have completed the installation, LabVIEW is ready to run.
If you plan to use DAQ or GPIB devices with LabVIEW, you must
restart your computer to load the new drivers.
If you have installed LabVIEW on a server, new users might want to copy
the Activitydirectory from the server to their local machine. You use the
Activitydirectory to complete activities that illustrate basic LabVIEW
concepts. You can find these activities in the LabVIEW User Manual and
the LabVIEW Online Reference, which you can access by selecting
Help»Online Reference….
Macintosh
Complete the following steps to install LabVIEW for Macintosh.
1. Insert the LabVIEW installation CD into your computer’s CD-ROM
drive.
2. Run the LV51 PMAC Installer. The installer defaults to the Easy
Install mode, which installs all LabVIEW examples, DAQ VIs, and
NI-DAQ 6.1 with drivers. You can choose to install each component
separately by choosing Custom Install from the drop-down menu.
3. Follow the instructions that appear on your screen.
UNIX
Complete the following steps to install LabVIEW for UNIX.
Solaris 2
1. To enable superuser privileges, type su rootand enter the root
password.
2. Insert the LabVIEW CD. On Solaris 2.x, the CD automatically mounts
as soon as the CD is inserted into the drive. If this feature is disabled
on your workstation, you must mount the CD by typing the following
command:
mount -o ro -F hsfs /dev/dsk/c0t6d0s2 /cdrom
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3. If your CD was mounted automatically, type the following command:
pkgadd -d /cdrom/cdrom0/solaris2
4. If you used the mount command in step 2, type the following
command:
pkgadd -d /cdrom/solaris2
Note
See the READMEfile in /cdrom/cdrom0/solaris2or /cdrom/solaris2for
instructions on custom installation or other additional information.
5. Follow the instructions on your screen.
HP-UX 10.x
By default, HP workstations limit the size of a process such as LabVIEW
to 64 MB. You can change this setting by adjusting a kernel configuration
parameter that limits the amount of data a process can use. To edit this
parameter, enable superuser privileges by typing su rootand entering the
root password. Use the SAM system administration utility to view the list
of kernel configuration parameters. From SAM, go to Kernel
Configuration»Configurable Parameters and change the value of the
maxdsiz, or Maximum Data Segment Size (bytes) parameter to a larger
value. If you need to rebuild the kernel and reboot for changes to take
effect, the SAM utility guides you through this process.
1. To enable superuser privileges, type su rootand enter the root
password.
2. Mount the LabVIEW CD on the /cdromdirectory with the SAM
system administration utility.
3. To change to the installation directory, type the following command:
cd /cdrom/HP-UX
4. To run the installation script, type the following command:
./INSTALL
5. Follow the instructions on your screen.
Linux
To install LabVIEW 5.1 for Linux/x86, perform the following steps.
1. Login to your system as root.
2. Mount the CD-ROM.
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3. To change the current directory to the mounted CD-ROM, type the
following command:
cd /mnt/cdrom.
4. To run the installation script, type the following command:
./INSTALL.
The INSTALLscript prompts you to enter the directory where you want
to install LabVIEW (typically /usr/localor /opt). The script uses
RPM to install the RedHat package on RedHat Linux 5.0 or later
systems, or it extracts the .tar.gzarchives on other systems.
Note
Note
If your system does not have the required glibc2libraries installed, you have the
option to install LabVIEW 4.1.1 instead. The file Glibc2-HOWTOon the CD gives
detailed instructions on how to obtain and install glibc2.
You also can install the files by hand, using either RPM or glint on RedHat
systems, or tar/gunzipon other systems. To install LabVIEW versions
4.1.1 and 5.1 simultaneously, use the --force rpmoption.
Refer to the READMEfile on the CD for additional installation instructions.
PowerMAX
1. Insert the 4 mm DAT tape into the tape drive.
2. To create the directory in which you will install LabVIEW, type the
following command:
mkdir /opt/lv51
3. To change to the new directory, type the following command:
cd /opt/lv51
4. Extract the files from the tape by typing the following command:
tar xv
5. To run the installation script, type the following command:
./INSTALL
6. Follow the instructions on your screen.
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Chapter 1
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For More Information about LabVIEW
After you have installed LabVIEW completely, it is ready to run.
The LabVIEW User Manual and the LabVIEW Online Reference, which
you can access by selecting Help»Online Reference…, provide activities
that illustrate basic LabVIEW concepts. If you want to complete these
activities, copy the Activitydirectory from the LabVIEWdirectory to
your home directory.
The LabVIEW documentation set, including the Code Interface Reference
Manual and the VXI VI Reference Manual, is available in Portable
directory. You can copy this directory or selected PDF files to the
LabVIEW\manualsdirectory on your hard drive. You must have Adobe
Acrobat Reader 3.0 or later installed to view these files.
If you are upgrading from a previous version of LabVIEW, read the
Upgrading to LabVIEW 5.1 section, later in this chapter. If you have one of
the add-on toolsets, consider installing those files at this time.
Data Acquisition, VXI, and GPIB Installation Notes
All National Instruments GPIB interfaces and DAQ devices come with the
drivers and other software you need to use them. LabVIEW also comes
with the drivers and other software you need to use National Instruments
hardware. While the drivers included with LabVIEW are the same
NI-488.2 and NI-DAQ drivers National Instruments includes with its GPIB
and DAQ hardware, the version numbers might differ. Always use the
driver with the higher version number. You can determine which version
of NI-DAQ you are using with LabVIEW by running the Get Device
Information VI.
Windows
When you install LabVIEW, the installer places the application and most
of the related files in a directory you specify. The default name of this
directory is LABVIEW. If you install DAQ or GPIB VIs, the installer places
additional files, described in the following sections.
Use the National Instruments Measurement & Automation Explorer, which
runs with LabVIEW, to configure your hardware. For information about
how to configure your particular DAQ device, refer to the Measurement &
Automation Explorer Help.
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You can find further information about the NI-DAQ driver in the NI-DAQ
Read Me File. To view this file, click the Start button and select
Programs»LabVIEW»NI-DAQ Read Me File.
Macintosh
The LabVIEW installation program installs a control panel and various
extensions in your system folder:
•
For GPIB, LabVIEW installs the NI-488Configcontrol panel,
which contains the driver code that communicates with your GPIB
devices. LabVIEW also installs extensions that your GPIB hardware
and software require.
•
•
For DAQ, LabVIEW installs the NI-DAQextension, which contains
driver code that communicates with your DAQ devices, along with
several other libraries and extensions that support NI-DAQ 6.1.
The NI-DMA/DSPextension contains DSP and DMA drivers used by
DAQ, GPIB, and DSP drivers.
Sun
While installing LabVIEW, you can choose the NI-488.2M drivers for
the GPIB hardware you are using (one of the following: SB-GPIB-TNT,
GPIB-ENET, or GPIB-SCSI-A). The installer then installs that driver
for you.
If you have a GPIB-SCSI-A, follow the installation instructions in the
documentation that came with your original GPIB-SCSI-A hardware and
software kit, including the Getting Started with Your GPIB-SCSI-A and the
NI-488.2M Software for the Sun SPARCstation manual.
Note
LabVIEW does not work with the GPIB-1014 series (VME) devices or the original
GPIB-SCSI box. It does work with the newer GPIB-SCSI-A box.
A VXI device driver must be installed on your system to perform VXIbus
operations from LabVIEW. Install the device driver for Solaris 2.x before
beginning development. To install the VXI device driver, refer to the
Getting Started with Your VXI/VME-PCI8022 and the NI-VXI Software for
Solaris manual.
Note
National Instruments periodically updates drivers for GPIB and VXI. If you add
new GPIB or VXI hardware for use with LabVIEW, the included drivers might
supersede those sent with LabVIEW. Compare the version numbers and use the
driver with the higher number.
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Chapter 1
Required Configuration, Installation, and Upgrade Information
Installing HiQ for Windows
The Windows CD includes HiQ, a mathematics application from National
Instruments. If you install HiQ from the LabVIEW installation CD, a
your LabVIEW registration number in the HiQ registration dialog box. The
latest version of LabVIEW includes functionality that supports HiQ. If you
would like to take advantage of this functionality, but do not yet have HiQ,
be sure to install HiQ after you have installed LabVIEW. For more
information about this functionality, see the HiQ and MATLAB
Functionality for Windows section in Chapter 2, New Features in
LabVIEW 5.1.
Examples and Solutions for Your LabVIEW Programs
(Windows and Macintosh) If you are using data acquisition (DAQ) or
instrument I/O and want to find examples or generate solutions for your
LabVIEW programs, launch the DAQ Solution Wizard by clicking
Solution Wizard in the LabVIEW dialog box. For more information
about the Solution Wizard, see Chapter 3, Data Acquisition, and Chapter 4,
Instrumentation, of the LabVIEW QuickStart Guide.
(Windows) To find any other type of example, open the Search Examples
Help file by clicking Search Examples in the LabVIEW dialog box.
The examplesdirectory contains a VI named readme.vi. With this VI,
you can find the available examples. When you select a VI, you can see the
Info.... To open a VI, choose File»Open....
Note
Because the controls and functions palettes changed with this release of
LabVIEW, many paths to examples are listed incorrectly or not listed at all
in the LabVIEW documentation set. Please see Chapter 2, New Features in
LabVIEW 5.1, for more information on the updated activities and examples.
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Low-Level Register I/O for Windows 95/98
LabVIEW is very similar on all Windows operating systems. Unless your
application communicates with hardware that is not supported by one of the
operating systems, you can transfer VIs to other operating systems without
any problems or having to make any modifications.
LabVIEW has two VIs named In Port and Out Port that you can use to
read or write hardware registers. These VIs work under Windows 95/98.
Windows NT applications, however, cannot manipulate hardware directly.
must write a Windows NT driver.
Common LabVIEW Launch Errors on UNIX
Table 1-2 lists common errors that might occur when you launch
LabVIEW for UNIX. See the Required System Configuration section of
this chapter for more information about solving these and other installation
problems.
Table 1-2. Common LabVIEW Launch Errors on UNIX
Error Message/Description
Error Message/Description
Xlib: connection to :0.0
refused by server
Probable Cause—Trying to run LabVIEW as a user who does
not have permission to open a window on the display server.
Typically seen after running the sucommand to temporarily
become a different user, such as root (superuser).
Client is not authorized
to connect to server
Solution—Exit the sucommand and launch LabVIEW as
the login user.
Internal error during
connection authorization
check
“Executable version
doesn’t match resource
file”
Probable Cause—Version of LabVIEW executable does
not match version of labview.rsc.
Solution—Verify that the appResFilePathparameter
in the configuration file correctly sets the path to the
labview.rscfile.
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Configuring LabVIEW Windows on UNIX
This section describes procedures for configuring LabVIEW windows on
UNIX operating systems.
Configuring LabVIEW with the Tab Window Manager
If you use the Tab Window Manager (twm), you can change environment
settings so that twminteracts better with LabVIEW. Notice that with twm,
you cannot close the floating palette menus in LabVIEW if these windows
do not have title bars. To correct this problem, add the following line to
your .twmrcfile in your home directory:
DecorateTransients
This line adds title bars to the floating windows so you can close them.
Configuring LabVIEW with the HP VUE Window Manager
If you use the HP VUE Window Manager (vuewm), you can change
environment settings so that vuewminteracts better with LabVIEW. By
default, vuewmdoes not incorporate the window position requests of an
application. Consequently, LabVIEW windows—such as the Panel,
Diagram, Help, and File dialog windows—do not appear in consistent
locations on your screen. To change the vuewmbehavior, use the xrdb
command to set two vuewmsettings:
Vuewm.clientAutoPlace: False
Vuewm.positionIsFrame: False
To add the two entries, you also can edit the following files manually:
$HOME/.vue/sessions/home/vue.resources
$HOME/.vue/sessions/current/vue.resources
Configuring LabVIEW with the Motif or CDE Window Manager
If you use the Motif Window Manager (mwm) or the Common Desktop
Environment (CDE) Window Manager (dtwm), you can change
environment settings so that mwmor dtwminteracts better with LabVIEW.
By default, mwmand dtwmdo not incorporate the window position requests
of an application. Consequently, LabVIEW windows—such as the Panel,
locations on your screen.
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(Motif) To change the behavior of mwm, use the xrdbcommand to set two
mwmsettings:
mwm.clientAutoPlace: False
mwm.positionIsFrame: False
(CDE) To change the behavior of dtwm, use the xrdbcommand to set two
dtwmsettings:
dtwm.clientAutoPlace: False
dtwm.positionIsFrame: False
(Motif and CDE) To add the two entries, you also can edit the following file
manually:
$HOME/.Xdefaults
Notice to Sun SPARCstation 5 Users
A bug exists in some early revisions of the SPARCstation 5. This bug can
cause LabVIEW and other programs to hang the system when executing
certain floating-point operations. When this condition occurs, you must
physically reset the computer to recover. The problem exists in the
firmware of the computer and can occur when running SunOS 4.1.3_U1,
SunOS 4.1.4, and Solaris 2.x.
Note
This bug has been reported only on early revisions of the 70 MHz and 85 MHz
SPARCstation 5.
To determine whether your SPARCstation 5 is affected, perform the
following steps.
Caution
Following these steps temporarily interrupts the operation of your computer, so
you should warn anyone who might be using your computer remotely.
!
1. From your SPARCstation 5 console, hold down the <Stop/L1>key
(located near the upper left corner of your keyboard) and press the <A>
key to break into the PROM monitor.
2. One of the following two prompts appears:
Type b (boot), c (continue), or n (new command mode)>
Type 'go' to resume ok
In the first case, select nto go to new command mode, where you see
an okprompt. If you already have an okprompt, skip to step 3.
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3. At the okprompt, type:
module-info
You then see information similar to the following lines:
CPU FMI,MB86904 Rev. 2.5 : 70.0 MHz
SBus (Divide By 3) : 23.3 MHz
4. Type goto exit the monitor and resume operation of your system.
If your CPU Revision number (2.5 in this example) is earlier than 3.2, and
your CPU clock speed (70.0 MHz in this example) is less than 110 MHz,
then your computer has this problem. Contact Sun and ask to have your
CPU firmware upgraded to swift_pg 3.2 or later. (Swift is the code name
used by Sun for the SPARCstation 5 firmware.) The Sun Bug ID number
for this problem is 1151654.
If you have a SPARCstation 5 with this bug, National Instruments strongly
recommends upgrading your firmware.
Note
This problem can affect programs other than LabVIEW. Notably, the GNU C
compiler also can produce code that hangs your system in versions prior to 2.6.0.
Compatibility Issues between Versions 4.1 and 5.x
This section describes the compatibility issues between different
LabVIEW versions.
Compatibility VIs for New Server Functionality
LabVIEW now can act as a server, so you have expanded control over VIs.
You can control VIs across a TCP/IP network and, on Windows, the
ActiveX interface. LabVIEW includes Compatibility VIs for the VI
Control VIs that exist in previous versions. For information about how to
implement the functionality from the VI Control VIs using the new server
functions, open each VI Control VI and analyze the implementation of the
VI Server feature. You can copy this code to your new LabVIEW
applications.
Compatibility VIs for ActiveX Functions
The ActiveX functionality has expanded. The functions are more generic
because LabVIEW now can act as an ActiveX server as well as a client.
Compatibility VIs are provided for the ActiveX functions that exist in
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previous versions. For more information about the new ActiveX
functionality, refer to the Improvements to ActiveX Automation section
in Chapter 2, New Features in LabVIEW 5.1.
Additional Resources
The LabVIEW documentation set, including the Code Interface Reference
Manual and the VXI VI Reference Manual, is available in Portable
Document Format (PDF) on the LabVIEW CD in the manuals
directory. You can copy this directory or selected PDF files to the
LabVIEW\manualsdirectory on your hard drive. You must have Adobe
Acrobat Reader 3.0 or later installed to view these files.
LabVIEW Data Acquisition Basics Manual, which contains important
information about using the DAQ VIs and examples you can find in
LabVIEW. For reference information about a particular DAQ VI, refer to
the LabVIEW Function and VI Reference Manual and the LabVIEW Online
Reference, which you can access by selecting Help»Online Reference….
Chapter 2, New Features in LabVIEW 5.1, also contains information about
new features and VIs.
The DAQ examples folder contains a VI library named RUN_ME.LLBthat
has a Getting Started example VI for analog input, analog output,
digital I/O, and counters. The RUN_ME.LLBexamples give you an excellent
starting place for data acquisition.
Upgrading to LabVIEW 5.1
If you are upgrading from a version prior to 5.0, you can find upgrade
information on your LabVIEW CD and also on our web site. The
LabVIEW 5.0 Upgrade Notes are available as an Adobe Acrobat file
called Upgrade.pdfin the LabVIEW\manualsdirectory. To find this
information on our web site www.natinst.com/support/, search the
Product Manuals Library for the LabVIEW listings, where you will find
the LabVIEW 5.0 Upgrade Notes.
For more information about features, refer to the LabVIEW User Manual
and the G Programming Reference Manual. LabVIEW also offers
extensive online documentation, which you can access by choosing
Help»Online Reference....
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Converting VIs
Upgrading LabVIEW is an automated process. When you open a VI
created in a previous version, LabVIEW automatically converts and
compiles the VI.
Conversion is a memory-intensive operation. When LabVIEW loads a VI
saved in an earlier version, it loads all components of the converted VI
(front panel, block diagram, and data) into memory, then compiles the VI
in memory. In addition, LabVIEW loads into memory the components of
all subVIs needing conversion.
You can estimate the amount of memory required to convert VIs by
totalling the amount of memory your VIs and all of their subVIs occupy
on disk. If these VIs are in VI libraries, add approximately 30 percent of
the VI library size because the VIs are compressed. The conversion process
might require at least that much memory and an additional 3 MB of
memory to run LabVIEW.
If your computer does not have enough memory to convert your VIs all at
once, convert the VIs in stages, by components. Examine your hierarchy
of VIs and begin by loading and saving subVIs in the lower levels of the
hierarchy. You then can progress gradually to the higher levels of the
hierarchy. You also can choose File»Mass Compile to convert a directory
of VIs. Notice, however, that this option converts VIs in a directory or VI
library in alphabetical order. If a high-level VI is encountered first, Mass
Compile requires approximately the same amount of memory as if you
opened the high-level VI first.
You can monitor your memory usage with the Help»About LabVIEW...
option, which summarizes the amount of memory you have used.
(Macintosh) Before converting VIs, increase the memory allocated to
LabVIEW from the Finder by selecting the LabVIEW icon, then choosing
Windows»Show VI Info... from the menu.
Upgrading Application Libraries and Toolkits
Most existing toolkits function with LabVIEW 5.1 without problems.
However, you need to move the VIs so they appear in the menus.
LabVIEW 5.1 is compatible with toolkits designed for 3.0, with the
following exceptions.
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You must upgrade the following add-ons for compatibility with
LabVIEW 5.1:
•
•
•
LabVIEW Application Builder—You must upgrade to LabVIEW
Application Builder 5.1. This upgrade is free to existing users of the
LabVIEW Application Builder. If you have the Professional
Development System, the new version of the application builder
libraries is included in the installation.
Professional G Developers Toolkit—If you have the Professional G
Developers Toolkit, you must upgrade to version 5.1. This upgrade is
free to existing users of the Professional G Developers Toolkit. If you
have the Professional Development System, the new version of the
Professional G Developers Toolkit is included in the installation.
LabVIEW Test Executive—If you use LabVIEW Test Executive 5.0
or earlier, you must upgrade to LabVIEW Test Executive 5.1. This
upgrade is free to existing users of LabVIEW Test Executive 5.0.
With minor exceptions, you can use the previous version of the following
toolkit with LabVIEW 5.0:
•
Internet Developers Toolkit for G—You can use the Internet
Developers Toolkit 4.1 with LabVIEW 5.0, but you must delete
printvi.llb, located in the user.lib\internet\image
directory. Alternatively, upgrade to version 5.0 of this toolkit, which
includes this fix and is free to existing users.
The following toolkits do not install VIs in a location that causes them to
appear in the palettes. These toolkits are being updated to version 5.0.
You can use the existing toolkits by moving VIs to vi.lib\addonsor
user.lib. Alternatively, you can choose Edit»Edit Control and
Function Palettes and add them to the palette of your choice.
•
•
Statistical Process Control Toolkit 1.0
Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) Control Toolkit 1.0—
upgrading to version 5.0 of this toolkit is recommended
If you are using the LabVIEW Professional Development System or the
Full Development System, you already have two other toolkits—G Math
and Picture Control. LabVIEW Base Package users can get these toolkits
by upgrading to either of the higher-level LabVIEW development systems.
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New Features in LabVIEW 5.1
This chapter describes the features added and the significant changes made
between versions 5.0 and 5.1. To help you learn more about LabVIEW,
version 5.1 offers extensive online documentation, which you can access
by choosing Help»Online Reference....
Dialog Box, Menu, and Window Enhancements
This section describes changes to LabVIEW dialog boxes, menu items,
and behavior or appearance of front panel objects and windows.
Scaling Front Panel Objects
With LabVIEW 5.1, you can designate one particular front panel object
or all objects on an entire front panel to scale automatically when the front
panel window resizes. If you set a front panel object to scale with the
window, the object resizes itself automatically in proportion to any
changes in the front panel window size. Also, the other objects reposition
themselves to remain consistent with their previous placement on the
front panel.
Note
You cannot designate more than one particular object on a front panel to resize
automatically. You can designate either one particular object on the front panel,
or all objects on the front panel.
You can set any front panel object to scale automatically when the front
panel window is resized. The following list describes important
information you should know about scaling objects on the front panel:
•
LabVIEW scales objects automatically in the same way you resize the
object manually. For example, because you can resize numeric boxes
horizontally only, they can scale horizontally only—never vertically.
•
•
When a front panel object is resized, the font size never changes. Thus
when an object scales automatically, the font size remains the same.
set all of them to scale. You can either set one object on the front panel
to scale automatically, or set all objects to scale automatically.
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•
•
Once an object scales itself automatically, it might not scale back to
its exact original size, when you size the window back to its original
position. However, you can use the Undo command to restore the
original size.
When scaling arrays, you can set scaling either on the array itself, or
on the objects within the array.
–
When you set scaling on the array, you adjust the number of rows
and columns you can see within the array.
–
When you set scaling on the objects within the array, you always
see the same number of rows and columns—though different
sizes—within the array.
Immediately after you designate an object to scale automatically, several
regions on the front panel appear outlined by dotted lines. When you resize
a window, objects selected to scale automatically reposition themselves in
a manner that is consistent with their previous placement within these
regions. To see these regions—to show the dotted lines on the front
panel—you must meet the following two conditions:
•
You have selected one particular object on the front panel to scale
automatically.
•
You are operating in Edit mode.
Setting an Object to Scale
You can designate any front panel object to scale automatically to match
changes in the front panel window.
1. Select the front panel object you want to scale.
2. Choose Edit»Scale Object With Window. This option appears with a
checkmark beside it when it has been selected.
Note
If you want to set automatic scaling for all objects on the front panel through the
VI Setup dialog, and you have already set a single object on the front panel to
scale, you must first deselect automatic scaling for the particular object. To do this,
select the front panel object and then choose Edit»Scale Object With Window.
The checkmark disappears when you deselect this option.
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Setting All Objects on a Front Panel to Scale
You can designate an entire front panel so that all of its objects scale
automatically to match changes to the front panel window.
1. From the front panel of the VI, select VI Setup.
2. Under Window Options, select Scale All Objects on Panel. With
this option selected, resizing the front panel automatically causes all
objects on the front panel to resize and reposition themselves
accordingly.
Note
After you set Scale All Objects on Panel, you cannot set or unset scaling on an
individual object on the front panel. A dialog box appears that prompts you to
choose between setting automatic scaling for either one particular object or all
objects on the front panel.
Defining a Minimum Window Size
You can specify a minimum window size for front panels by following a
simple procedure.
1. From the front panel of the VI, select VI Setup.
2. Under Window Options, go to the Minimum Window Size options.
3. Enter the minimum Width and Height, in pixels, that you want to
define for the window.
Maintaining Window Proportions with Monitor
Resolution
LabVIEW can maintain its front panel window proportions relative to the
resolution of your monitor. When you choose this setting for a VI, the
percentage of the screen used by that VI’s front panel window stays the
same no matter what the end user’s screen resolution. Complete the
following instructions to activate this option.
1. From the front panel of the VI, select VI Setup.
2. Under Window Options, select Maintain Window Proportions with
Monitor Resolution.
Notice that choosing this option only maintains window proportions. To
have the objects maintain proportions, you must also choose Scale All
Objects on Panel. Alternatively, you could choose a single object to scale
when the window changes size.
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Saving for a Previous Version
With LabVIEW 5.1, you can save your VIs for the previous version of
LabVIEW (LabVIEW 5.0). This makes upgrading LabVIEW very
convenient, and helps you to maintain your VIs in multiple versions of
LabVIEW when necessary. You can upgrade to new versions and always
have the capability to go back to your previous version, should you ever
need to.
When you choose to save a VI for the previous version, LabVIEW attempts
to convert not just that VI, but all the VIs in its hierarchy, excluding vi.lib
files. Complete the following steps to save a hierarchy of VIs for a previous
version of LabVIEW.
1. For the top VI in your hierarchy of VIs, choose File»Save with
Options. The Save with Options dialog box appears.
2. Select the Save for LabVIEW 5.0.x option to save your VIs for the
previous version.
3. Click Save. Immediately after you save, the Choose a Directory
dialog box appears.
4. Choose the directory where you want to save the VIs.
5. Click Save.
Often a VI uses functionality that is not available in the previous version.
In such cases, LabVIEW saves as much as it can and produces a report of
what could not be converted. The report appears immediately in the Save
for LabVIEW 5.0.x Warnings dialog box. Click OK to acknowledge
these warnings and close the dialog box. Click Save... to save them to a text
file that you can review later.
Accessing Recently Opened Files
LabVIEW 5.1 gives you easy access to recently opened files. To find a file
that was open previously, instead of searching through various directories,
you can use the Recently Opened Files list. This list includes the following
file types:
•
•
•
VI (*.vi)
control (*.ctl)
VI template (*.vit)
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When you choose File»Recently Opened Files, a submenu appears that
contains the list of recently opened files. Select the file name to open it. The
files are listed in chronological order, with the most recently opened file
listed first. If the list is empty, the Recently Opened Files option is
dimmed. The Recently Opened Files list displays up to 10 file names.
Note
When two or more files have the same file name but reside in different directories,
the Recently Opened Files list displays the full path.
Searching in LabVIEW
LabVIEW 5.1 includes new options designed to help you find VIs, subVIs,
and text references more easily.
For more information on the Find dialog box in LabVIEW, refer to the
Find Dialog Box topic in the LabVIEW Online Reference, or refer to the
Finding VIs, Objects, and Text section in Chapter 3, Using SubVIs, of the
G Programming Reference Manual.
Find Dialog Box
The Find dialog box now includes the Include SubVIs option in the
Search Scope section. The Include SubVIs option lets you search for an
object or text within the subVIs of the VI you currently have open. By
default, this option is not enabled.
Also, the Search in Hierarchy Window and Search VIs in vi.lib options
are now labeled Include Hierarchy Window and Include VIs in vi.lib,
respectively, in LabVIEW 5.1. The functionality of these two options has
not changed.
To bring up the Find dialog box, select Project»Find..., or press <Ctrl-f>
(Windows); <command-f> (Macintosh); <meta-f> (Sun); or <Alt-f> (HP-UX
and Linux).
Find All Instances and Search Results Dialog Box
To make it easier to search for all instances of a VI, LabVIEW now
includes the Find All Instances pop-up option. You can right-click a subVI
or type definition (constant, control, or indicator) to find all instances of
that object. Also, you can right-click a connector pane or hierarchy window
object to find all instances of that object.
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To find all instances of an object, right-click the object for which you want
to find references:
•
If you are searching for a reference to a type definition, select
Find»All Instances. (For more information about type definitions,
refer to the Type Definitions section in Chapter 24, Custom Controls
and Type Definitions, of the G Programming Reference Manual.)
•
If you are searching for a reference to a subVI, right-click the VI icon
in the block diagram, hierarchy window, or connector pane, and select
Find All Instances.
If LabVIEW finds one or more references to the object, the Search Results
dialog box appears (otherwise the object is highlighted).
For more information on the Find dialog box in LabVIEW, refer to the
Find Dialog Box topic in the LabVIEW Online Reference, or refer to the
Finding VIs, Objects, and Text section in Chapter 3, Using SubVIs, of the
G Programming Reference Manual.
Macintosh Navigation Services in LabVIEW
LabVIEW 5.1 takes advantage of the Macintosh Navigation Services and
the Macintosh Appearance Manager to give you a more consistent
Macintosh user interface under MacOS 8.5.
Navigation Services comes standard with MacOS 8.5. With Navigation
Services in LabVIEW 5.1, you can save your VIs and create new directories
more easily.
Use Navigation Services with LabVIEW the same way you would with
any other Macintosh application. However, LabVIEW 5.1 includes the
following customizations to the Navigation Services dialog boxes:
•
The Save dialog box includes the Use LLBs button, which lets you
switch to LabVIEW’s File Dialog dialog box for saving into libraries
(.llbfiles).
•
The Append File dialog box always includes the New... button, which
lets you create a new folder or file. (Standard Navigation Services
behavior displays a New Folder button in cases in which you can
create new folders only.)
By taking advantage of the Macintosh Appearance Manager under
MacOS 8.5, LabVIEW’s dialog controls take on the native look and feel
of the Macintosh.
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New Features in LabVIEW 5.1
New VIs, Functions, and Controls
This section describes the new functionality in LabVIEW 5.1 for advanced
mathematics, picture control, report generation, and image management.
Changes to Controls and Indicators
Some controls in LabVIEW 5.1 look slightly different than in previous
versions when you drop them on the front panel. However, controls on
existing VIs you created in previous versions of LabVIEW are not updated.
You will notice improvements including the addition of color to many
controls, but each of these controls works the same way. The following two
sections—Labels and Dialog Controls—describe the changes to control
and indicator labels and the new dialog controls in more detail.
Labels
By default, when you create a new control or indicator, its name label
includes the name of the type of control or indicator (such as Slide or
String) and, if necessary, a number distinguishing it from other controls
and/or indicators of the same kind. For example, if you place a slide control
on the front panel, it is labeled Slide. If you place another slide control on
the front panel, it is labeled Slide 2.
When you replace a control or indicator that has a default label (as
described above) with an object of a different type, the control or indicator
is renamed as well. For example, if you replace a slide control labeled
Slide 2 with a knob control, the knob appears with the label Knob. If a slide
or control already exists on the front panel with the label Knob, the new
knob takes the label Knob 2 instead.
By default, when you drop an object on the front panel, its name label is
highlighted to let you immediately type in a replacement for the default
name. Unlike in previous versions of LabVIEW, if you want to hide a name
label right after you place it on the front panel, right-click the control or
indicator and deselect Label from the Show menu.
By default, name labels appear transparent. To make a name label appear
in a raised box, select Edit»Preferences, select Front Panel from the
drop-down menu, and deselect Use transparent name labels.
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Dialog Controls
All the dialog controls are now grouped together in a new Dialog palette,
shown in Figure 2-1 below. You can reach this palette from the front panel
by selecting Controls»Dialog.
Figure 2-1. Dialog Palette
This palette includes the dialog controls listed below. You can still find
these controls in the same palettes as in previous versions of LabVIEW.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Dialog Numeric Control
Dialog String Control
Dialog Ring
Dialog Button
Cancel Button
Dialog Checkbox
Dialog Radio Button
Also, this palette includes two new controls: the Dialog Listbox control and
the Dialog Recessed Frame control. The Dialog Listbox control behaves
like other listboxes, but matches the tabbed highlighting and bordering
functionality and appearance of the native system controls on your
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platform. The Dialog Recessed Frame control behaves like other
decoration objects found in the Decorations palette. You can use it as a
grouping border to put around other dialog controls.
3D Graph Controls for Windows
LabVIEW 5.1 adds a new way to represent data on your front panel:
the 3D graph. The LabVIEW 3D graph uses ActiveX technology and new
VIs that handle three-dimensional representation. You can set parameters
for the 3D graphs VIs to change behavior at runtime, including setting
basic, axes, grid, and projection properties.
For more detailed information about the 3D graphs VIs see the 3D Graphs
VIs topic in the LabVIEW Online Reference.
You can find examples of the 3D graphs VIs in the
Examples\General\graphs\3dgraph.llbdirectory.
Note
The 3D Graph controls are available for Windows only in the LabVIEW Full
Development System and Professional Development System.
Enhancements to Property and Invoke Nodes
With LabVIEW 5.1, VI Server and Application Class property and invoke
nodes do not always need a wired refnum input or output. This makes it
easier to program many common VI Server functions because you can drop
fewer diagram objects.
If you do not wire inputs or outputs, LabVIEW uses default values. The
default input value for the Application Class is your local LabVIEW. The
default value for the Virtual Instrument Class is your current VI—the VI
in which you have placed the property or invoke node.
Improvements to VI Server Properties in Reserved VIs and
Runtime Systems
In LabVIEW 5.1, the VI Server has been enhanced so you can set many
more properties while a VI is running or in run-time versions. These
properties are listed below. Also, the LabVIEW Help Window now
includes thorough explanations for each Virtual Instrument Class property
and any limitations they might have. Choose Help»Show Help to open the
Help Window. You can move your cursor over the property portion of any
Virtual Instrument Class property node, and documentation for that
property appears in the Help Window.
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With LabVIEW 5.1, in addition to the VIs that previously worked at
runtime, you can set any of the following properties on running VIs and in
run-time versions:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
AutoLogging»Log File Path
AutoLogging»Log at Finish
AutoLogging»Print at Finish
Edit Mode on Open
Execution»Close after Call
Execution»Show Front Panel on Call
Front Panel Window»Allow Runtime Popup
Front Panel Window»AutoCenter
Front Panel Window»Closeable
Front Panel Window»Highlight Return Button
Front Panel Window»Is Dialog
Front Panel Window»Resizeable
Front Panel Window»Show Menu Bar
Front Panel Window»Show Scroll Bars
Front Panel Window»Size to Screen
Front Panel Window»Title Bar Visible
Help»Document Path
Help»Document Tag
Tool Bar»Show Abort Button
Tool Bar»Show Free Run Button
Tool Bar»Show Run Button
Tool Bar»Visible
VI Description
You also can set any of the following properties on running VIs in
LabVIEW 5.1 (but not in run-time versions):
•
•
•
•
Execution»Show Front Panel on Load
Execution»Run When Opened
Execution»Suspend on Call
History»Always Add Comments at Save
History»Prompt for Comments at Close
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•
•
•
History»Prompt for Comments at Save
History»Record Application Comments
History»Use Defaults
Ring Enhancements
All ring and enum constants include a down arrow, which distinguishes
them from numeric constants. Also, rings and enums on panels or block
diagrams have scroll bars when the menus include many items.
LabVIEW 5.1 menus, like listboxes, now support type completion. Just
type the first few characters and LabVIEW finds a matching item in the list.
Use the <Tab> and <Shift-Tab> keys to move to the next and previous
matching item, respectively.
Figure 2-2 shows an example of a ring constant with many items in
its menu.
Figure 2-2. Ring Constant Examples
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IVI Instrument Drivers and ActiveX
Some parameters for ActiveX and IVI take a discrete list of valid values.
Previously, when building ActiveX and IVI applications, you used numeric
values to set parameters for properties and methods that control devices or
programs. You had to enter a particular numeric value in a numeric control
corresponded to which settings.
With LabVIEW 5.1, you are not required to know these values. You can
choose from a descriptive name in a ring to set parameter values. The
selections available in the ring depend on the refnum passed to the node.
See Figure 2-3 and Figure 2-4 below for examples of using these numeric
and ring constants.
Figure 2-3. Setting a Data Value with a Numeric Constant
Figure 2-4. Setting a Data Value with a Ring Constant
In both examples, the Microsoft Excel application is accessed and a method
is invoked. The Index parameter has several options: MicrosoftAccess,
MicrosoftFoxPro, MicrosoftMail, MicrosoftPowerPoint, MicrosoftProject,
MicrosoftSchedulePlus, and MicrosoftWord.
Previously you were required to know that the Index parameter
corresponding to the MicrosoftAccess option is the data value 4. Now you
can select the Microsoft Access option from the drop-down menu in the ring
constant.
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To access the ring constant when building an ActiveX or IVI application,
right-click the parameter that accepts data values and select Create
Constant. To see the corresponding numeric data value, right-click the
ring constant and select Show»Digital Display.
ActiveX Enhancements for Windows
This section describes the ActiveX enhancements in LabVIEW 5.1.
Ring Enhancements
With LabVIEW 5.1, you do not have to use numeric values when setting
parameters for properties and methods that control devices or programs.
You can use a ring constant as well. See the previous section, IVI
Instrument Drivers and ActiveX, for more information.
Support for ActiveX Events
LabVIEW 5.1 lets you access events associated with ActiveX objects.
Now, in addition to accessing the properties and methods associated with
an ActiveX object when building an ActiveX server VI, you also can access
the events. You can embed a control on a VI front panel, then execute code
based on an event that occurs. For example, you can place a tree view
control that list the contents of a directory. Using events, you can specify
that when the user double-clicks on a particular file, the contents of that file
open.
You build VIs that accept events using the ActiveX Event functions, which
you find in the Functions»Communications»ActiveX»ActiveX Events
palette.
Working with ActiveX Events
This is the basic procedure for creating a VI designed to create and wait on
an ActiveX event queue, then destroy the event queue. An event queue is a
tag that corresponds to an internal list of events a control receives.
Note
If you generated an Automation Refnum using an Automation Client function,
omit Step 1.
1. On the front panel, select the Container control found on the
Control»ActiveX palette.
2. Create an ActiveX event queue using the Create ActiveX Event
Queue VI (described below).
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3. Wire the Automation refnum from the container terminal or an
Automation function to the Create ActiveX Event Queue VI.
4. Place the Wait On ActiveX Event VI on the block diagram.
5. Wire the event queue to the Wait On ActiveX Event VI.
Queue VI.
ActiveX Event Functions for Windows
You can use the other ActiveX Server Event functions to pass an event
queue from one task to another separate task. Figure 2-5 shows the ActiveX
event functions palette, which you access from the block diagram through
Functions»Communications»ActiveX»ActiveX Events.
Figure 2-5. ActiveX Events Palette
For more detailed information about the ActiveX event functions see the
ActiveX Event Functions topic in the LabVIEW Online Reference.
Improvements to ActiveX Automation
The Automation Open function now includes the optional machine name
string input. Use machine name to specify on which computer you want to
open an Automation Server object. If you do not specify a machine name,
LabVIEW creates the object on the local machine. See the Open
Automation Refnum description in Chapter 51, ActiveX Automation
Functions, in the LabVIEW Function and VI Reference Manual.
Also, LabVIEW 5.1 supports enumerations in the ActiveX Invoke and
Property Nodes. When you right-click an Invoke Node or Property Node’s
terminal that is part of an enumeration or is a constant, you create a ring
this chapter, for more information.
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HiQ and MATLAB Functionality for Windows
HiQ and MATLAB are software packages that help you organize and
visualize real-world math, science, and engineering problems. You can
use HiQ and MATLAB to express numeric formulas elegantly. Now with
LabVIEW you can load and edit HiQ and MATLAB scripts into your block
diagram code so LabVIEW works with their advanced mathematics
functionality.
Note
You must have HiQ 4.1 or MATLAB 5.0 or later installed to use this new feature
successfully. You can install HiQ 4.1 from the LabVIEW CD-ROM. HiQ and
MATLAB functionality is available for Windows only in the LabVIEW Full
Development System and Professional Development System.
There is a new script node that works similarly to the formula node.
You can find a HiQ script node and a MATLAB script node in the
on your block diagram and enter a script according to the syntax of HiQ or
MATLAB. LabVIEW then communicates with that script server engine for
you. When you create inputs and outputs on the script node, those values
are passed between HiQ or MATLAB and LabVIEW. If you already have a
script written, you can import it from HiQ or MATLAB. See the section
Importing or Exporting a Script for more information.
Although the basic functionality of the script node is similar to that of the
node. This script node supports the same HiQ or MATLAB datatypes as
supported by ActiveX.
Note
Because of the nature of the HiQ and MATLAB script languages, you must choose
which LabVIEW datatype each terminal should be. For more information, see the
section Configuring the Datatype of a Terminal, later in this chapter.
The following two sections, Creating a HiQ Script and Creating a
MATLAB Script, contain procedures for creating a script that does the
following:
1. Generates a matrix of random values
2. Plots that information to a graph
3. Displays the graph in either product
4. Presents the generated random values on your front panel in LabVIEW
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Creating a HiQ Script
Complete the following instructions to create and run a VI that uses a HiQ
script.
1. From the block diagram, choose Functions»Mathematics»
Formula»HiQ-Script. Place the node on the block diagram, and size
it according to the amount of script you want to include in the window.
The HiQ script node appears as shown below.
2. With the operating tool, enter the script in the HiQ script node.
For example, the following simple HiQ script creates a matrix of
random values, plots that information to a graph, and displays the
matrix in HiQ.
a = random({50, 50});
g = createGraph(a);
createView(g, true);
You can use a HiQ script window to edit, compile, and run your script
directly from HiQ to ensure that your script behaves properly.
3. Right-click the HiQ script node and select Edit In Server. This action
launches HiQ, and a script window appears containing your HiQ
script.
4. Within HiQ, right-click and choose compile from the pop-up menu.
A message window appears telling you of any compile time errors.
You do not have to compile the script explicitly; HiQ compiles the
script automatically when you run it.
5. Right-click and choose Run from the pop-up menu. A message
window informs you of any runtime errors.
To access HiQ context-sensitive online help, place the cursor inside any
your script.
6. Close the HiQ window to update and return to the HiQ script node on
the LabVIEW block diagram.
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7. To add inputs and outputs for variables, right-click the right side of the
node frame and select Add Input or Add Output. Type in ato add an
output for the a variable that is included in your HiQ script. By default,
your node already includes one input and one output terminal for the
error in and error out parameters.
8. Verify the datatype of the inputs and/or outputs. The error-checking
input and output are already the correct datatype. In HiQ, the default
datatype for any new input or output is Real. Right-click the a output
and select Choose Type. From the submenu that appears, select an
available datatype: Integer, Real, Complex, Text, Integer Vector, Real
Vector, Complex Vector, Integer Matrix, Real Matrix, and Complex
Matrix. For the a output, choose Real Matrix.
9. Create controls and indicators for each input and output. Right-click
the a output terminal and select Create Indicator. Right-click the
error out output terminal and select Create Indicator. Indicators for
a and error out appear on the front panel, and terminals appear wired
to these outputs on the block diagram.
10. Go to the front panel. Resize your a indicator so you can see the
generated numbers when you run the VI.
11. Run the VI. LabVIEW launches HiQ and a new HiQ window appears,
labeled G in Notebook1, that displays the matrix. The values that make
up this matrix are displayed in the a indicator of your front panel in
LabVIEW.
The second parameter in the CreateView function specifies whether to
pause execution of the HiQ script while the view is visible. The HiQ script
in Step 2 does not finish until you click the Continue button in the HiQ
window to dismiss the view.
12. Change the trueparameter to falseand re-run the VI to see the
difference.
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Creating a MATLAB Script
Complete the following instructions to create and run a VI that uses a
MATLAB script.
1. From the block diagram, choose Functions»Mathematics»
Formula»MATLAB Script. Place the node on the block diagram, and
size it according to the amount of script you want to include in the
window. The MATLAB script node appears as shown below.
2. With the operating tool, enter the script in the MATLAB script node.
For example, the following simple MATLAB script creates a matrix of
random values, plots that information to a graph, and displays the
matrix in MATLAB.
a=rand(50)
surf(a)
3. To add inputs and outputs for variables, right-click the right side of the
node frame and select Add Input or Add Output. Type in ato add an
output for the a variable that is included in your MATLAB script. By
default your node already includes one input and one output terminal
for the error in and error out parameters.
4. Verify the datatype of the inputs and/or outputs. The error-checking
input and output are already the correct datatype. In MATLAB, the
default datatype for any new input or output is Real. Right-click the a
output and select Choose Type. From the submenu that appears, select
an available datatype: Real, Complex, Real Vector, Complex Vector,
Real Matrix, or Complex Matrix. For the a output, choose Real
Matrix.
5. Create controls and indicators for each input and output. Right-click
the a output terminal and select Create Indicator. Right-click the
error out output terminal and select Create Indicator. Indicators for
to these outputs on the block diagram.
6. Go to the front panel. Resize your a indicator so you can see the
generated numbers when you run the VI.
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7. Run the VI. LabVIEW launches MATLAB and a new MATLAB
window appears, labeled Figure No. 1, that displays the matrix. The
values that make up this matrix are displayed in the a indicator of your
front panel in LabVIEW.
Importing or Exporting a Script
Complete the following steps to import a script into a script node in
LabVIEW.
1. Right-click the HiQ or MATLAB script node.
2. Select Import….
3. Choose the file you want to import and click Open. The script text
appears in your node.
Complete the following steps to export a script to LabVIEW from
MATLAB or HiQ.
1. Right-click the HiQ or MATLAB script node.
2. Select Export…. The Save Script as dialog box appears.
3. Enter the name you want to save your file as or choose the file you want
to overwrite.
4. Click Save.
Note
HiQ and MATLAB script files are actually text files. Text files usually have the
extension .txt. However, HiQ files have a .hqsextension and MATLAB files
have a .mextension.
Choosing a Script Server
Complete the following steps to change the server behind your script node.
1. Right-click the HiQ or MATLAB script node.
2. Select Choose Script Server»HiQ-Script or Choose Script
Server»MATLAB Script depending on whether you want HiQ or
MATLAB.
Some datatypes in HiQ are not recognized by MATLAB and vice versa. If
you change the script server from one of these mathematics products to the
other after you have assigned datatypes, these datatypes do not change
automatically. The VI will be broken. When you click the broken arrow in
datatypes.
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Scrolling through a HiQ or MATLAB Script
Just as with a regular formula node, you can display a scrollbar within your
script node by right-clicking the node and selecting Show»Scrollbar.
A scrollbar appears on the right side of your script node.
Configuring the Datatype of a Terminal
Both HiQ and MATLAB are loosely typed script languages and do not
determine the datatype of a variable until after the script executes.
Therefore LabVIEW cannot determine a variable’s type in Edit mode.
However, LabVIEW does query the script server to find out possible
datatypes, and lets you choose which LabVIEW datatype each terminal
should be.
Note
If you do not correctly configure a variable’s datatype, LabVIEW will produce
either an error or incorrect information at runtime.
Complete the following steps to change the datatype of an input or output
terminal on a script node.
1. Right-click the terminal of the input or output. A pop-up menu
appears.
2. Select Choose Type. A list of the available datatypes appears,
3. Choose the preferred datatype.
Note
LabVIEW recognizes all the datatypes that HiQ and MATLAB can use, although
they might be named differently.
Table 2-1 shows LabVIEW datatypes and their corresponding datatypes in
HiQ and MATLAB.
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Table 2-1. HiQ and MATLAB Datatypes in LabVIEW
LabVIEW Datatype
HiQ Datatype
Integer
MATLAB Datatype
N/A
Real
N/A
Real
Text
Integer Vector
Real Vector
N/A
Real Vector
Integer Matrix
Real Matrix
N/A
Real Matrix
Complex
Complex
Complex Vector
Complex Matrix
Complex Vector
Complex Matrix
Debugging a HiQ or MATLAB Script
Use the following programming techniques to make debugging your script
easier:
•
Write your script and run it within the native engine (HiQ or
MATLAB) for testing and debugging purposes before you import it
•
Verify your datatypes. When you create a new input or output, make
sure that the datatype of the terminal is correct. Also, create controls
and indicators for your inputs and outputs so you can monitor what
values are being passed between LabVIEW and the native engine.
For more information about this topic, see the Configuring the
Datatype of a Terminal section.
•
Take advantage of the error-checking parameters for debugging
information. Create an indicator for the error out terminal on a script
node before you run any VI so you can view the generated error
information at runtime.
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Error Codes
The following table explains error messages you might receive at runtime
when working with a script node.
Table 2-2. Script Node Runtime Error Messages
Error Code
Error Code Message
Description
edScriptCantInitServer
1046
1047
1048
LabVIEW failed to initiate a new session
with the server.
edScriptCantSetValue
edScriptCantGetValue
LabVIEW failed to set the value of a variable
to the server.
LabVIEW failed to retrieve the value of a
variable from the server.
edScriptCantSetScript
edScriptExecError
1049
1050
LabVIEW failed to set a script to the server.
LabVIEW encountered an execution
problem. The server returns a string to report
the problem.
Integration of Mathematics and Signal Processing VIs
LabVIEW 5.1 includes more VIs designed to help you solve advanced
mathematics problems. You can use these VIs to manipulate mathematical
formulas on the LabVIEW front panel, and then assemble your
problem-solving program graphically on the LabVIEW block diagram.
Previously, much of this functionality was available only with the G Math
Toolkit, which has been integrated into the LabVIEW Full Development
System.
Note
This functionality is available on all platforms and versions with the exception of
the Windows base version.
Integrating these VIs restructures the LabVIEW Functions palette. The
some of the VIs and functions formerly found in the Analysis and
Structures palettes.
The Analysis palette found in LabVIEW 5.0 has been replaced with the
see the Signal Processing Palette section.
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functions, refer to the Mathematics VIs topic in the LabVIEW Online
Reference.
Mathematics Palette
Table 2-3 lists the subpalettes you find in the Functions»Mathematics
palette, and lists the previous location of the VIs or functions in
LabVIEW 5.0.
Table 2-3. Mathematics VIs Current and Previous Locations
Mathematics Subpalettes
Previously Located in...
G Math Toolkit and Structures palette
G Math Toolkit
Formula
1D and 2D Evaluation
Calculus
G Math Toolkit
Differential Equations subpalette
Probability and Statistics
Probability subpalette
Analysis palette
Analysis of Variance subpalette
Array Operations
Curve Fitting
Analysis palette
Analysis palette
Analysis palette
Linear Algebra
Advanced Linear Algebra subpalette
Complex Linear Algebra subpalette
Zeros
G Math Toolkit, Analysis palette
G Math Toolkit
Optimization
Numeric Functions
G Math Toolkit
You can find examples of the Mathematics VIs in the
Examples\Math\math.llbdirectory.
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Signal Processing Palette
For function and reference information about the Signal Processing VIs,
refer to the Signal Processing VIs topic in the LabVIEW Online Reference.
Table 2-4 lists the subpalettes you find in the Functions»Signal
Processing palette, and lists the previous location of the VIs or functions in
LabVIEW 5.0.
Table 2-4. Signal Processing VIs Current and Previous Locations
Signal Processing Subpalettes
Previously Located in...
Signal Generation
Time Domain
Analysis palette
Analysis palette
(These functions were found in the Analysis palette’s Signal
Processing subpalette)
Frequency Domain
Analysis palette and G Math Toolkit
(Combines the FFT and Power Spectrum VIs found in the
Analysis palette’s Signal Processing subpalette and the VIs
found in the G Math Toolkit’s Transforms palette.)
Measurement
Filters
Analysis palette
Analysis palette
Analysis palette
Windows
You can find examples of the Signal Processing VIs in the
Examples\Math\sig_proc.llbdirectory.
Integration of the Picture Control VIs
With LabVIEW 5.1, you can display complex images and graphs using
functionality that previously was included only in the Picture Control
Toolkit. Because the Picture Control Toolkit has been integrated into the
LabVIEW Full Development System, you can use any of the VIs in the
Picture Control VI Library. The Picture Control VIs include drawing
operations you can use to create diagrams and build images dynamically.
You can create new front panel displays such as specialized bar graphs, pie
charts, or Smith charts. You also can display and animate arbitrary objects
such as robot arms, test equipment, or a two-dimensional display of a
real-world process. For detailed information about these VIs, refer to the
Graphics and Sound VIs topic in the LabVIEW Online Reference.
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Note
The Picture Control VIs are available on all platforms and versions with the
exception of the Windows base version.
You can find examples of the Picture Control VIs in the
Examples\Picturedirectory.
Sound VIs for Windows and Macintosh
You can use the Sound VIs to integrate sound into your VIs. Some of the
things you can do are create a beep to alert the user of an error, play a .wav
file, and read and write sound data.
For more information, refer to the Sound VIs topic in the LabVIEW Online
Reference. To access the Sound VIs, select the Functions»Graphics &
Sounds»Sound palette from the block diagram. You can find examples of
the Sound VIs in the Examples\Sound\sndExample.llbdirectory.
Note
The Sound VIs are not available on the UNIX operating systems.
Generating Reports in LabVIEW for Windows
Note
You can use the report generation functions on 32-bit Windows operating systems
only (Windows 95/98/NT). This functionality is based on ActiveX technology,
which is not available on Macintosh and UNIX platforms. On Macintosh and
UNIX platforms, refer to Chapter 5, Printing and Documenting VIs, in the
G Programming Reference Manual.
(UNIX) Use the System Exec VI to print a file through a command line
function. The VI is located in Functions»Communication.
(Macintosh) You can use the AESend Print Document VI to direct your
applications to print a document. The VI is located in
Functions»Communication»Apple Event.
On Windows platforms, you can create reports of any text-based
information a VI generates or the user enters into a string parameter, or
you can create a report from an array of 2D numbers. For example, if
you develop a LabVIEW program that tests functions, you can create a
text-based report of which functions passed and which failed.
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To create reports using the Report Generation VIs, go to the
Functions»Report Generation palette. You can use the Report Generation
VIs to do the following:
•
Set up a report’s headers and footers (which can include date and time
stamps)
•
•
•
Set character font, size, style, and color
Set a report’s margins and tabs
Determine what information appears on a particular line or page of
a report
•
•
•
Set a report’s orientation on a page (lengthwise or widthwise)
Include text from other files in a report
Clear information from an existing report (to re-use the report’s
formatting in a new report)
•
•
Automatically print a report
Dispose of a report after it is printed (which saves memory)
Hints for Generating Reports in LabVIEW
Make sure any information you want to print is formatted into a string
(unless you want to print a 2D array of numbers as a table). If you have a
lot of information and you want to write it to a report, you likely will use
one or more of the String functions. See Chapter 6, String Functions, in the
LabVIEW Function and VI Reference Manual, for information on the
String functions and how they format data.
Use the Easy Text Report VI for less-complicated reports. The following
section, Easy Text Report VI Overview, contains more information on
this VI.
Easy Text Report VI Overview
The Easy Text Report VI creates a basic report from a block of text. This
VI is appropriate if you do not need to have fine-grain control over all
aspects of the report, and if you do not have a lot of varying data or a
numeric table in the report.
With the Easy Text Report VI, you can specify the text font, set up the
header and footer, set margins, specify a printer, and set the page’s
orientation. However, you cannot control where information is placed,
append information from another file, or clear the report of font styles,
headers and footers, or text. The Easy Text Report VI disposes of the
report automatically, which frees up memory space.
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See the Easy Text Report VI description in the Report Generation VI
Descriptions section later in this chapter for information on this VI’s
parameters.
Tip
See the block diagram of the Easy Text Report VI for a good example of how
you can use the other VIs in the Report Generation palette to create a report.
Report In/Report Out Parameters
The Report in and Report out parameters link the VIs used to create a
report. All of the Report Generation VIs have both these parameters, with
the following exceptions:
•
•
•
Easy Text Report VI has neither of these parameters.
Dispose Report VI has only the Report in parameter.
New Report VI has only the Report out parameter.
Use these parameters to link a report to the VIs that control a report’s
appearance, data, and printing. These parameters give you the flexibility
to add and control several different features on one report.
Tokens
Tokens are strings you can enter that generate information automatically.
You can use tokens to number pages and place a timestamp on the report.
tokens you can enter in any parameter that takes a string. For example, if
you are using the Easy Text Report VI, entering the token <page>in one
of the footer strings causes a page number to appear in the footer of every
page of the report.
Table 2-5 lists some of the more useful tokens.
Table 2-5. Token Descriptions
Token
<page>
Description
Current page number
<pages>
Total number of pages
<pagenofm>
Current page number along with the total number of
pages in the report.
Example: 7 of 30
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Table 2-5. Token Descriptions (Continued)
Token
Description
Current date in the form xx/xx/xx.
Example: 10/5/98
<shortdate>
<longdate>
<time>
The month, date, and year order defaults to the date
settings of your operating system.
Current date in the form Day, Month and Date, Year.
Example: Monday, October 05, 1998
The month, date, and year order defaults to the date
settings of your operating system.
Current time in the form Hour:Minute:Second
AM/PM.
Example: 1:58:22 PM.
This token defaults to the clock settings on your
computer (that is, whether it uses a 12-hour or 24-hour
clock).
Report Generation VI Descriptions
This section describes the Report Generation VIs, including descriptions
and data types of each parameter. From the block diagram, you can reach
the new Report Generation palette by selecting Functions»Report
Generation.
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The Report Generation palette has two subpalettes:
•
Functions»Report Generation»Report Layout
Functions»Report Generation»Advanced Reports
•
You can find examples of the Report Generation VIs in the
Examples\Reports\TextReportExample.llbdirectory.
Report Generation Parameter Descriptions
This section describes the parameters used by the Report Generation VIs.
append on new line? (F), if the Truevalue is selected, appends the
information onto a new line in the report. The default value is False.
center footer text is the information you want to appear in the center
portion of the footer.
center header text is the information you want to appear in the center
portion of the header.
Column Headers determines how each column is labeled in the table.
Column width defines the width of each column in the report’s table. The
value you enter is in inches or centimeters, depending on the settings you
enter in measurement system or measurement system for columns. The
default value is 1.
error in
error out
file path is the path of the text file from which you want to pull information
into your report. You must include the file’s path in this parameter.
Font Settings allows you to set the font of your report.
Charset sets the character set used in the report (such as the set
for a specific language).
Weight sets the characters’ weight.
Name specifies the font used in the report. You can type in the
name of any font available on your system.
Note
The name you enter must match the font name exactly.
Size specifies the size of the font in number of points.
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Font Settings indicates what font settings currently are used in a report.
Charset indicates the character set used in the report (such as the
set for a specific language).
Weight indicates how dark bold characters appear.
Size indicates the size of the font in number of points.
Footers allows you to set up what information appears in the footer of each
page of the report. You can type in text, leave the parameters blank, or type
in a token (see Tokens, earlier in this chapter, for information on the tokens
you can enter).
left is the information you want to appear in the left side of the
footer.
center is the information you want to appear in the center portion
of the footer.
right is the information you want to appear in the right side of the
footer.
determines how the numbers appear in each cell of the table,
format string
such as 01, 1, 1.0, or 1.00.
It is as defined by Format & Append:
[Str]%[-][0][Width][.Precision]Conversion[Str]
where -causes left justification and 0pads with zeros.
Conversions: d (decimal), x (hexadecimal), o (octal), f (fractional),
e (scientific), or g (scientific).
For example, if you wanted the numbers to appear in each as 1.00, you
would use the default value: %.2f.
LabVIEW Online Reference for more information on values you can enter
in format string.
Headers allows you to set up what information appears in the header of
each page of the report. You can type in text, leave the parameters blank, or
type in a token (see Tokens, earlier in this chapter, for information on the
tokens you can enter).
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left is the information you want to appear in the left side of the
header.
center is the information you want to appear in the center portion
of the header.
right is the information you want to appear in the right side of the
header.
left footer text is the information you want to appear in the left side of the
footer.
left header text is the information you want to appear in the left side of the
header.
Margins set where the information is placed on each page of the report.
You set the margins with the following parameters:
left or LeftMargin sets the report’s left margin in inches or
centimeters.
right or RightMargin sets the report’s right margin in inches or
centimeters.
top or TopMargin sets the report’s top margin in inches or
centimeters.
bottom or BottomMargin sets the report’s bottom margin in
inches or centimeters.
measurement system has three options: US, which sets the margins in
inches; Metric, which sets the margins in centimeters; and Default, which
sets the margins in the measurement system set up on your computer.
measurement system for columns determines whether the value you enter
in column width is in inches or centimeters. There are three options: US,
which sets the columns in inches; Metric, which sets the columns in
centimeters; and Default, which sets the columns in the measurement
system set up on your computer.
Number of Copies (1) specifies how many copies of the report you want
to print. If you do not specify a number, one copy is printed.
Numerical Data is the numerical information included in the table. The
information must be a 2D array.
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orientation specifies how the report appears when it is printed. You can
choose from portrait, which prints the report widthwise, or landscape,
which prints the report lengthwise.
Printer Name specifies the name of the printer that you want to print this
report. If you do not enter a printer name, then this VI uses the default
printer set up on your computer. If you do specify a printer name, you must
have that printer configured for use with your computer. If you do not
specify a printer, you must have a default printer specified on your system.
Report in links a report to the VIs used to control a report’s appearance,
data, and printing. This holds the report before the VI generates new data
for the report.
Report out links a report to the VIs used to control a report’s appearance,
data, and printing. This holds the report after the VI generates new data for
the report.
right footer text is the information you want to appear in the right side of
the footer.
right header text is the information you want to appear in the right side of
the header.
Row Headers determines how each row is labeled in the table.
Rows/Page determines how many rows appear on each printed page of the
report. If set to 0, as many rows as can fit on the page are printed and
column headers are not repeated on each page.
Separate Page? Places the table on a new page of the report.
Text is the information you want to include in the report. Any information
you want to include must be in a string.
Text Color (unchanged) lets you select the color of the text in the report.
You can use the color box constant with this parameter (which you access
from the Functions»Numeric»Additional Numeric Constants palette).
Text Color indicates the color currently used for the text in the report.
Text Data is the information you want to be printed in tabular form. If you
are using a table control, pass the table’s value to this parameter.
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Text Options specifies how the text appears in the report.
Italic determines whether subsequent text appears in italics in the
report.
Strike Through determines whether subsequent text appears with
strikethroughs in the report.
Underline determines whether subsequent text appears
underlined in the report.
Bold determines whether subsequent text appears bold in the
report.
Text Options indicates what text options currently are set in a report.
Italic indicates whether Italics currently are used in the report.
Strike Through indicates whether strikethroughs currently are
used in the report.
Underline indicates whether underlines currently are used in the
report.
Bold indicates whether bold currently is used in the report.
ext to be Printed is the information you want to include in the report. Any
T
information you want to include must be in a string.
width sets the report’s tabs width in inches or centimeters. If you do not
enter a tab length, the default value .25 is used.
Easy Text Report
Allows you to pass in a block of text (such as a log) along with optional formatting
information, then print the report to a designated printer. (If you do not specify a printer,
the default printer is used.)
Note
You cannot use this VI with any other NI Report VIs. Also notice that this VI does
not give you fine-grain control over formatting your report. For more complicated
reports (such as those with lots of different kinds of information), use the other VIs
found in the Report Generation palette.
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You might find using tokens with this VI helpful, particularly in the Headers and Footers
parameters. For example you might want to give the report a time stamp. See the Tokens topic,
earlier in this chapter, for more information on some common tokens for this VI.
Append File to Report
Appends the text from a text file (.txt) into the current report. You must wire the file path
(including its path) to the VI. The text is appended within the report.
Append Report Text
Appends text to the selected report. The input into Text must be a string. The selected report
is the one passed into Report In. You can append the text to the current position of the cursor
in the report or on a new line.
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Append Numeric Table to Report
Takes a 2D array of numbers and appends it to a report as a table with the given column
widths.
Append Text Table to Report
Takes a 2D array of strings and appends it to a report as a table with the given column widths.
Clear Report
Clears the report of all text, headers, footers, and formatting information.
Clear Report Text
Clears the text and related formatting information from the report.
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Dispose Report
Closes the report and releases its interface, which saves memory. No further operations are
permitted on the report. However, you can create a new report. You can use this VI only as
the last VI in the report function you are creating.
Get Report Settings
Retrieves information about the current font and text settings of a given report. The
information is displayed on the front panel.
New Report
Creates a new report. You must use this VI to create a report if you do not use the
Easy NI Report VI.
New Report Line
Starts a new line in the report to which you can append text or append another file.
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New Report Page
Adds a new page in the report to which you can append text or append another file.
Print Report
Prints the report to a designated printer or to the default printer set up on your computer.
Set Report Font
Sets the font properties for the report, including those in the headers and footers. The available
options include italic, bold, strikethrough, underline, color, font name, font size, character set
and weight.
Set Report Footer Text
Sets the text for the report footer.
You might find that using tokens with this VI is helpful, particularly in the Headers and
Footers parameters. For example, you might want to put a time stamp in the footer. See the
this VI.
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Set Report Header Text
Sets the text for the VI header.
You might find that using tokens with this VI is helpful, particularly in the Headers and
Footers parameters. For example, you might want to give the report a time stamp in the
header. See the Tokens topic, earlier in this chapter, for more information on some common
tokens for this VI.
Set Report Margins
Sets the margins of the specified report.
Margins are defined by a cluster of four values: left, right, top, and bottom margins. Also, you
must specify the measurement system (US, Metric, or Default) that determines your units of
measurement. Selecting US gives you inches, selecting Metric gives you centimeters, and
selecting Default gives you the units of the current measurement system configured on your
computer.
Set Report Orientation
Determines whether the report is printed in landscape or portrait orientation.
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Set Report Tab Width
Sets the tab width in the report. To place a tab in your text, insert the token <tab>in the text
string. Alternatively, you can use the Concatenate String function and insert a tab constant to
build the text string.
Enhancements to DAQ
This section describes the data acquisition (DAQ) enhancements in
LabVIEW 5.1.
DAQ Solution Wizard
You can now use the DAQ Solution Wizard even if you have no DAQ
devices configured on your computer. However, without DAQ devices
installed on your computer you cannot specify particular board options, and
any opened solutions cannot be run until you install the appropriate DAQ
device.
Support for NI-DAQ for Windows and Macintosh
LabVIEW 5.1 for Windows 95/NT ships with NI-DAQ 6.5. LabVIEW 5.1
for the Macintosh platform ships with an updated version of NI-DAQ 6.1.
The DAQ Channel Wizard has been upgraded in NI-DAQ 6.5 and now is
integrated in with the Measurement & Automation Explorer (the NI-DAQ
configuration utility), which allows you to configure and test your National
Instruments products from one common application.
New Syntax Element for Nonsequentially Scanned SCXI Module
Channels
If you operate a module in parallel mode, you can specify an SCXI channel
either by specifying the corresponding onboard channels or by using the
SCXI channel syntax. This syntax is described in the SCXI Channel
Addressing section of Chapter 20, Special Programming Considerations
for SCXI, in the LabVIEW Data Acquisition Basics Manual.
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If you are scanning modules, you can scan an arbitrary number of channels
for each module using channel list elements that are components of the
SCXI channel syntax. Previously, however, the channels of each module
needed to be scanned in consecutive, ascending order.
Now, with LabVIEW 5.1, you can scan modules randomly, provided that
the module is capable of random scanning. The new syntax appears below:
Channel List Element
Channel Specified
OBz!SCx!MDy!(a,…,n)
Channel athrough nin the module in
slot yof the chassis with ID xare
multiplexed randomly onto onboard
channel z.
For example, if you wanted to sequentially scan channels 2, 3, 4, and 5,
you could use the following channel list element:
ob0!sc1!md2!(2,3,4,5)
You could also use the channel list element ob0!sc1!md2!2:5.
However, to scan the module’s channels randomly, you could use the
following channel list element:
ob0!sc1!md2!(5,1,3,5)
You could also use a colon ( : ) in the list to scan a series of channels
sequentially, as in the following channel list element:
ob0!sc1!md2!(2,1,4,7:11,13,15)
In addition, you can use semicolons instead of commas within the
parentheses and achieve the same scan:
ob0!sc1!md2!(2;1;4;7:11;13;15)
Enhancements to VISA
LabVIEW 5.1 has two new VISA functions as well as a new VISA palette
that contains the interface-specific functions. You can reach the new palette
by selecting Functions»Instrument I/O»VISA»Interface Specific.
palette. In versions of LabVIEW previous to LabVIEW 5.1, the following
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three VIs could be found on the VISA Serial palette but are now on the
Interface Specific palette:
•
•
•
VISA Set Serial Buffer Size
VISA Flush Serial Buffer
VISA Serial Break
In addition to the above existing functions, you can find the following two
new functions on the Interface Specific palette:
•
•
VISA GPIB Control REN
VISA VXI Cmd or Query
The VISA GPIB Control REN function asserts or deasserts the GPIB
Remote Enable interface line according to a specified mode. The VISA
VXI Cmd or Query function sends a command or query, or receives a
response to a query previously sent to the device.
You can find examples of the VISA VIs in the
Examples\Instr\visa.llbdirectory.
Enhancements for Building and Distributing
Applications
This section describes the new features for building and distributing
applications now available in LabVIEW.
Note
This functionality is available only in the LabVIEW Professional Development
System or if you purchase the Application Builder Libraries.
Building Executable Programs
In LabVIEW 5.1, the process for building an application has been
streamlined. Previously, to do so you had to save your VIs to a library, then
build an application using the Build Application dialog box. Further, to
build an installer in Windows you had to use the Create Distribution Kit
dialog box.
Now, in LabVIEW 5.1, you can use the Build Application dialog box to do
all of these operations. You can configure the application to various settings
settings, you can save them in a script so that you can easily rebuild the
application.
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Building an Application
Complete the following instructions to build an application in LabVIEW.
1. Select Project»Build Application…. The Build Application dialog
box appears. The Build Application dialog box contains the following
tabs: Target, Source Files, VI Settings, App Settings, and Installer.
You can create a new build or load a build file that you created
previously.
•
•
If you want to create a new application, proceed to Step 2.
If you already have a build file, click Load… and choose the .bld
file to load. Then proceed to Step 6.
2. From the Target tab, specify the following information:
•
•
•
Application name—The name of the application you are
creating. This file should have a .exeextension.
Destination directory—The path and name of the directory in
which to create and save your new application.
Support file directory—The path and name of the directory in
which to save any support files.
3. Under the Build section of the Target tab, choose one of the following
two options:
•
Single application containing all VIs—Check this option to
create a single application containing all of your VIs.
•
Small application with external file for subVIs—Check this
option if you want to keep the main application small.
4. From the Source Files tab, you can configure the VIs that make up
your application. You can specify top-level VIs, dynamically loaded
VIs, and additional non-VI files (such as readme files). You can update
the file list automatically as VIs are added or removed from your
hierarchies. Depending on what kind of source files you want to add,
complete the instructions below.
a. If you want to add top-level VIs, click Add Top Level VI….
The Open dialog box appears where you can enter a file name,
or browse to find the VIs you want to add. When you select a
top-level VI, LabVIEW automatically includes all its subVIs and
related files (such as menu files or DLLs).
b. If you want to add dynamic VIs, click Add Dynamic VI….
If your VI dynamically calls any subVIs using the VI Server,
LabVIEW cannot detect them automatically, so you must add
them by using this option.
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c. If you want to add support files, click Add Support File….
When you use this option, data files copy over to your application
directory automatically. In addition to VI files (VIs, controls,
menus, external subroutines, and so on), you can determine the set
of DLLs referenced by your application. Because there are DLLs
you might not want to redistribute, LabVIEW includes only those
DLLs that are within the source hierarchy directories and the
LabVIEW directory. If you want to include DLLs that are in the
System directory, for example, you can include them as additional
non-VI files manually.
d. If you want to remove a file from the list, click the file to highlight
it and click Remove File.
5. Click Save to save the information you have entered. The Save As
dialog box appears. Enter a file name with a *.bldextension to save
the information you have entered into this dialog box.
6. Click Build. The Build Status dialog box appears.
7. After the build operation finishes, click Done to close the Build
Application dialog box.
Customizing Application Features
1. If you want to customize some destination settings, select Custom
Destinations… from the Source Files tab. The Destination Settings
dialog appears, in which you can configure the following settings:
•
•
You can modify your destination directory.
(Windows) If you want to add a program item to your Start menu
as part of an installer, select the Create program item checkbox
and enter the name.
•
(Windows) If you are creating an installer, you can specify how you
want to Replace existing files. Select Never, Ask, If Newer, or
Always, depending on how or if you want to be prompted.
2. (Windows and Macintosh) From the App Settings tab, you can
customize the features in your application. You can choose to specify
the memory size for the Macintosh, or customize icons and ActiveX
server features on Windows.
a. (Windows) If you want to specify your own icon, click the Custom
icon checkbox and designate the path to the icon.
Enable ActiveX server checkbox. Your application can then
respond to requests from ActiveX clients. The functionality of the
ActiveX server in your application is a subset of the LabVIEW
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ActiveX server. When you build an application myapp.exe, an
ActiveX type library myapp.tlbis also created along with the
executable. The type library defines a createable class,
Application, and a dispatch class, Virtual Instrument, and exports
the properties and methods for these classes. You can find the
Help for these properties and methods in lvcomm.hlpin the
LabVIEW Helpdirectory. When you distribute the application
make sure the type library and the help file are located with the
executable.
When you assign the name of the application to the server name,
your application is uniquely identified in the system registry. Once
you build the application, you should run it at least once to enable
registry with the system. After the application is registered,
ActiveX clients access the server objects using server names. For
example, if you specify the server name as myapp, clients
instantiate an application object using the myapp.application.
c. (Macintosh) Use the Memory Size control to specify the memory
allocated to the application.
Modifying VIs as Part of the Build
Use the VI Settings tab to specify the modifications to your VIs that you
want to make part of the application build. You can choose to enable or
disable various window option and execution option VI Setup settings.
These settings apply to the build process only and do not affect your
original source VIs.
LabVIEW removes debugging code, block diagrams, and unnecessary
front panels, making your application as small as it can be. The removal
of front panels is a new feature with LabVIEW 5.1. LabVIEW can detect
which panels are necessary in almost all cases. However, if you open a front
panel dynamically using the VI Server, you must specify that the panel is
needed using the VI Settings tab.
You can edit only a single row at a time. By default, all unnecessary panels
are removed. You can override the default and include the panel by setting
the Remove Panel option to No.
To change settings, select a VI so that it is highlighted in the list. Click Edit
Build Settings…. The Edit Build Settings dialog box appears. For each
settings, click Change. Verify that all the settings are the way you want
them for each VI in the build.
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Note
This completes the build application process on the UNIX and Macintosh
platforms. The steps described in the following section apply to Windows only.
Creating an Installer (Windows only)
1. From the Installer tab, click the Create installer checkbox. Verify the
following sections of this tabbed page. If you create an installer, the
installer is written to the directory that contains your application. The
disk images are created in a disks subdirectory of the destination
directory that you specified on the Target tab. This directory will
contain a setup program as well as files named data.001, data.002,
and so on. If you plan to put the disk images on floppy, it is best to copy
the setupand data.001files to the first floppy, copy the data.002
file to the second floppy, and so on.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Installation name
Start menu program group
Default installation directory
Installation language
Media size
Extra space on first disk (KB)
The Media size item lets you specify how the file is to be
segmented—for 720 KB, 1.2 MB, or 1.4 MB floppies. Even if you
plan to distribute the files by CD, it is necessary to segment them.
However, if you want to run the installer from a CD or from your drive,
you can place all of the files in the same directory and run the setup
program from that directory.
The Extra space on first disk (KB) item lets you reserve space on the
first disk. You might reserve space on the first disk if you want to put
a readme file on the first floppy.
2. Click the Advanced button. The Advanced Installer Settings dialog
appears.
a. If you would like to create an uninstaller, click the Create
uninstaller checkbox.
b. If you would like to run a program after the installation, click the
Run executable after installation checkbox and enter the
executable and command line argument information.
program after the installation completes. Additionally, you can use this
item to run a program that finishes the installation. For example, you
might write a DOS batch program or a C program that modifies a .ini
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file or a registryfile. Install the file as part of your installation and
then run it afterwards to make the necessary modifications. The file
that you run must be one of the files that you install.
4. If you choose to run an executable after the installation completes, you
can use the Command line arguments to specify arguments passed to
the program. In addition to specifying standard arguments, you can
embed any of the following items in the command line argument
string:
%dest
The application installation directory
chosen by the user
%src
The directory that contains setup.exe
The installation program group name
The installation name
%group
%name
If any of these options are present at installation time, they are replaced
with the proper values before the arguments are passed to the
executable.
Run-Time Engine for the Application Builder for Windows
When you develop an executable program with LabVIEW for Windows
and ship it to another computer, you must also include the LabVIEW
Run-Time Engine. The computer on which the program runs must install
this component using the LabVIEW Run-Time Engine Installer before the
program executes.
If you distribute a program using Build Application, the Run-Time Engine
is installed automatically.
This enhancement greatly reduces the size of the executable program.
Note
After the Run-Time Engine is properly installed on a machine, it can run any
executable program developed in LabVIEW. You only have to include the
Run-Time Engine with the first program sent to each computer.
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Enhancements to Networking
This section describes the networking enhancements in LabVIEW 5.1.
DataSocket VIs for Windows
DataSocket technology facilitates the exchange of data and information
between an application and a number of different data sources and targets.
These sources and targets include files and HTTP/FTP servers.
In LabVIEW 5.1, new VIs provide a simple yet intuitive way to access and
use DataSocket technology within LabVIEW. You can create applications
that share data among many different sources using a single Application
Programming Interface (API).
The DataSocket VIs are available only for Windows platforms. For more
information about the new DataSocket VIs, refer to the DataSocket VIs
topic in the LabVIEW Online Reference. You can find examples of the
DataSocket VIs in the Examples\Comm\datasktx.llbdirectory.
Internet/HTTP Services
Internet/HTTP services are available on all platforms and versions for
LabVIEW 5.1, and give you capability to do the following:
•
•
•
•
Publish HTML documents
Generate HTML-readable images of a VI’s front panel across the Web
Generate animated versions of a VI’s front panel on the Web
Use basic access control to limit which VIs may be viewed and by
whom
Note
If you want to control VIs from a browser, or you need to dynamically create
HTML documents from your LabVIEW program, or you need more sophisticated
access control, consider the Internet Toolkit, also available from National
Instruments.
The Edit»Preferences dialog box now includes three new list box options
that you use to set up the built-in Web Server:
•
•
•
Web Server: Configuration
Web Server: Browser Access
Web Server: Visible VIs
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The Web Server
With the Web Server in LabVIEW, you can publish your VI front panels
on the World Wide Web along with HTML documents.
The built-in Web Server is intended for users that need to make the panels
of their running VIs visible on the Internet, but do not require sophisticated
security features nor want to control VIs through the Internet.
The Web Server Configuration Dialog Box
You use the Web Server Configuration dialog box to set up the Web
Server.
Access the Web Server Configuration dialog box by selecting
Edit»Preferences and then Web Server: Configuration from the
drop-down menu. Table 2-6 describes the available options.
Table 2-6. Web Server Configuration Dialog Box Options
Option
Description
Web Server Enabled
Enables the Web Server to publish front
panel images and HTML documents.
The default status is Off.
Root Directory
The directory that contains HTML
documents published by the LabVIEW
Web Server. The default path is
<LabVIEW>\www.
HTTP Port
Timeout
The TCP/IP port used to access the
Web Server. The default port is 80.
How long (in seconds) the Web Server
waits while reading a request before it times
out. The default value is 60.
Log File
The path to the data log file in which
time-stamped information about
connections is saved. The default path is
<LabVIEW>\www.log.
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The Web Server Browser Access Dialog Box
The Web Server Browser Access dialog box lists the remote computers
on the Internet that are allowed to access the Web Server.
Access the Web Server Browser Access dialog box by selecting
Edit»Preferences and selecting Web Server: Browser Access in the
drop-down menu.
Figure 2-6. Web Server Browser Access Dialog Box
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Table 2-7 describes the available options.
Table 2-7. Web Server Browser Access Dialog Box Options
Option
Description
Browser Access List
Lists computers or domains that have
access to the Web Server. Click and drag an
entry in this list to move it in the access list.
If an entry permits access to the Web Server
from an address, a check mark appears next
to its name. If an entry denies access to the
Web Server, an X appears next to its name.
If no symbol appears next to the entry, the
syntax for the entry is incorrect.
Text box
Changes or adds an entry to the list. To add
an entry, click the Add button and type in
this box. To change an existing entry, select
it from the Access List and edit it in this
box.
Allow Access and
Deny Access
Determines whether the current entry has
access to the Web Server. Click the Allow
Access radio button to grant a computer or
a domain access to the Web Server. Click
the Deny Access radio button to deny a
computer or domain access to the Web
Server.
Add
Adds a new entry to the Access List
following the item currently highlighted in
the Access List.
Remove
Removes the highlighted entry from the
Access List.
When a browser attempts to connect to the Web Server, the server examines
the entries in the Browser Access List to determine whether the computer
is permitted access. If an entry in the list matches the computer’s address,
the server either permits or denies access, based on how you set up the
entry. If a subsequent entry also matches the computer’s address, that
permission is used in place of the previous permission.
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For example, if you give a.test.site.comand b.test.site.com
access, but do not extend access to all addresses ending in
.test.site.com(where the * wildcard indicates all), the two computers
still have access. If no entry matches the client address, access is denied.
(See Table 2-8 for more information on the * wildcard and permitting
matching access entries).
To specify an Internet host address, enter its domain name or IP address.
example, you can specify all hosts within the domain domain.comwith the
entry *.domain.com. You can specify all hosts in the subnet whose first
two octets are 130.164with the entry 130.164.*. The entry *matches
all addresses.
Table 2-8 shows examples of TCP/IP Access List entries.
Table 2-8. Examples of Access List Entries
Access String
Matches
*
All hosts
test.site.com
The host whose domain name is
test.site.com
*.site.com
All hosts whose domain names end with
130.164.123.123
130.164.123.*
The host with the IP address 130.164.123.123
All hosts whose IP addresses start with
130.164.123
In the Web Server Browser Access Dialog Box shown earlier in Figure 2-6,
all hosts in the site.comdomain have access to the server, with the
exception of all hosts in the test.site.comdomain. Additionally, the
hosts a.test.site.com, b.test.site.com, and 130.164.123.123
also have access to the server. The host public.site.comdoes not have
access, even though it is in the site.comdomain.
By default, all hosts have access to the Web Server.
Note
If the Web Server runs on a system that does not have access to a DNS server,
do not use domain name entries in the Access List. Requests to resolve the domain
name or an IP address fail, slowing down the system. For performance reasons,
place frequently matched entries toward the bottom of the Access List.
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The Web Server Visible VIs Dialog Box
Because the Web Server publishes front panels to the Web, it is best to
specify which VI front panels you allow to be published. Through the Web
Server: Visible VIs dialog box, you specify which front panels can be
published to the Web.
You access the Web Server Visible VIs dialog box by selecting
Edit»Preferences and selecting Web Server: Visible VIs in the
drop-down menu.
Figure 2-7. Web Server Visible VIs Dialog Box
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Table 2-9 describes the available options.
Table 2-9. Web Server Visible VIs Dialog Box Options
Option
Description
Visible VIs
Specifies the VIs or groups of VIs whose front
panels may be published by the Web Server. Click
and drag an entry in this list to move it in the Visible
VIs list. If an entry permits a VI or group of VIs to
be seen, a check mark appears next to its name. If
an entry denies such access, an X appears next to its
name. If no symbol appears next to the entry, the
entry’s syntax is incorrect.
Text box
Changes or adds an entry to the list. To add an entry,
click the Add button and type in this box. To change
an existing entry, select it from the Visible VIs list
and edit it in this box.
Allow Access
and
Deny Access
Determines whether the front panel of the current
entry can be published by the Web Server. Click the
Allow Access radio button if you want to allow the
front panel of the VI or group of VIs to be published
by the Web Server. Click the Deny Access radio
button if you do not want to allow the front panel of
the VI or group of VIs to be published by the Web
Server.
Add
Adds a new entry to the Visible VIs list after the
current item highlighted.
Remove
Removes the highlighted entry from the Visible VIs
list.
Each entry in the Visible VIs list describes a VI name or a VI path and
might contain wildcard characters. Entries that contain path separators are
compared against VI paths, while entries that do not contain path separators
are compared against VI names only.
When a web browser attempts to obtain a VI front panel image, the server
examines the Visible VIs list to determine if it should grant access to the
requested VI’s image. If an entry in the list matches the requested VI, the
Web Server either permits or denies access to that VI’s image, based on
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permission is used in place of the previous permission. If there is no VI in
the list that matches the requested VI, access to the VI’s image is denied.
You can use wildcard characters in the Visible VIs list so an entry in the list
matches more than one VI. Use the wildcard characters shown in
Table 2-10.
Table 2-10. Wildcard Characters in Visible VIs List
Wildcard
‘?’
Action
Matches exactly one arbitrary character, except for
the path separator
‘*’
Matches zero or more arbitrary characters, except
for the path separator
‘**’
Matches zero or more arbitrary characters,
including the path separator
If you want to match a VI with a name that contains a wildcard character,
you must escape that character using ‘\’(Macintosh and UNIX), or ‘`’
(Windows).
Table 2-11 shows examples of Visible VI list entries. The examples use
UNIX path separators.
Table 2-11. Examples of Visible VI List Entries
VI Access String
Matches
*
All VIs
/usr/labview/*
/usr/labview/**
All VIs in the directory /usr/labview/.
and any of its sub-directories
Test.vi
OK\?
Any VI named Test.vi
Any VI with the name OK?
In the Web Server Visible VIs Dialog Box shown earlier in Figure 2-7,
can see on the web. All VIs in the c:\labview\testdirectory and all
its sub-directories are exported as well, with the exception of the VI
c:\labview\test\private.vi. Additionally, any VI that begins with
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the string srvr_and ends with the string .viis exported. No VI that
begins with the string local_and ends with the string .viis exported,
even if it is located within the c:\labview\serverdirectory.
By default, the front panel image of all VIs are visible.
Configuring the Web Server
Complete the following steps to configure the Web Server.
1. Select Edit»Preferences and choose Web Server: Configuration in
the drop-down menu.
See The Web Server Configuration Dialog Box section earlier in this
chapter for more information on this dialog box.
2. Enter a Root Directory, which is the directory where the Web Server’s
HTML files are located. The default path is <LabVIEW>\www.
3. In HTTP Port, specify the TCP/IP port the server uses.
The default port for HTTP is 80. You might specify a different port if
another HTTP Server already uses port 80 on your machine or if you
are on a system where you do not have permission to use reserved
ports.
If you use a non-default port, such as 8000, you must specify it on
URLs that refer to your server, as shown in this example:
http://hostname:8000/index.htm.
4. In Timeout specify the number of seconds the Web Server waits while
reading a request before the server times out. The default value is 60.
5. Specify a Log File, which is the path of the file where information
about web connections is saved. The default path is
<LabVIEW>\www.log.
Running the Web Server
You must run the Web Server in order to publish VI front panel images on
the World Wide Web.
To run the Web Server, check Web Server Enabled in the
Preferences»Web Server: Configuration dialog box.
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Publishing Front Panel Images on the Web
Complete the following steps to publish a VI front panel image on the
World Wide Web.
1. Run the Web Server by checking Enable Web Server in the
Preferences»Web Server: Configuration dialog box.
2. Launch the VI(s) you want to publish to the web so they are in your
system’s memory.
Retrieving a Static Image of a VI Front Panel
Note
To retrieve an HTML-Readable Image of a VI front panel, the VI must be in
memory.
Complete the following steps to retrieve an HTML-readable image of a
front panel.
1. Open a Web browser.
2. Type in a URL that includes the address of the LabVIEW Web Server,
the command for a static image (.snap), a question mark (?) to
separate the URL from the parameters, and the name of the VI. The
URL takes the following form:
http://web.server.addr/.snap?VI_Name
You must encode the VI Name according to URL naming rules. Replace
special characters with their hexadecimal value preceded by a percent (%)
sign and replace spaces with a plus (+) sign.
Example.vias follows:
http://web.server.addr/.snap?Test+Example.vi
Following the VI name, you can add parameters that specify attributes
for the image. See Static Front Panel Image (.snap URL) in the What URLs
Can I Use with My Front Panel Images? section later in this chapter for
more information on the characters you can enter in URLs to retrieve
images.
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Viewing an Animated Version of a Front Panel
Complete the following steps to view an animated version of a front panel.
1. Open a Web browser.
2. Type in a URL that includes the address of the LabVIEW Web Server,
the command for an animated image (.monitor), a question mark (?)
to separate the URL from the parameters, and the name of the VI. The
URL takes the following form:
http://web.server.addr/.monitor?VI_Name
You must encode the VI Name according to URL naming rules. Replace
special characters with their hexadecimal value preceded by a percent (%)
sign and replace spaces with a plus (+) sign.
With Netscape Navigator browsers, the Web Server uses the server-push
method to implement animations of front panel images. During a server
push, the server maintains an open connection and sends a new image after
client-pull method to implement animation. During a client-pull animation,
the browser intermittently sends a request for each image.
Following the VI name, you can add parameters that specify attributes for
the image animation. See Animated Front Panel Image (.monitor URL) in
the What URLs Can I Use with My Front Panel Images? section later in this
chapter for more information on the characters you can enter in URLs to
retrieve images.
Determining Which Front Panels are Visible
To make a VI’s front panel visible across the Web.
1. Open the Web Server Visible VIs dialog box by selecting
Edit»Preferences and selecting Web Server: Visible VIs in the
drop-down menu.
2. Choose Add.
the Text box and choose Deny Access. To allow a specific VI’s front
panel to be viewed, types its path in the Text box and choose Allow
access.
Note
using wildcards. See the section The Web Server Visible VIs Dialog Box, earlier in
this chapter for more information on wildcards.
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What URLs Can I Use with My Front Panel Images?
With the Web Server, you can publish images of your VI front panels on
the World Wide Web. You do not need to modify the VIs to display their
front panels.
Front Panel Image Formats
The Web Server can generate images of VI front panels in the Joint
Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) and Portable Network Graphics
(PNG) image formats.
The JPEG image format is a public domain image format that all current
browsers support. It has been developed for the distribution of real-life
images and photographs and uses a lossy compression algorithm to reduce
the memory size of an image. When you use JPEG on images that contain
lines and text, such as front panels, the resulting image often displays
artifacts of the compression, such as fuzzy text or stray color pixels.
The PNG format is a recent public domain image format. The compression
algorithm in this format is lossless, which produces PNG images exactly
like the original images. PNG is designed to be the successor of the
Graphics Interchange Format (GIF), which also uses lossless compression.
PNG is an open standard that you also can use on true-color images.
Internet Explorer 4.0.1 and Netscape Navigator 4.0.4 support the PNG
format. Older browsers require a plug-in or an external application to view
PNG images.
Static Front Panel Image (.snap URL)
The .snap URL signals the server to return a static image of the front panel
of a VI currently in memory. The query parameters in the URL specify the
VI name and the attributes of the image.
You must open the front panel of the VI to take snapshots for static images
because closed front panels do not update the images of controls when the
value changes.
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The syntax to use in the URL for static front panel images is as follows
(parameters in brackets [ ] are optional):
.snap?VI_Name
[&type=type]
[&depth=depth]
[&quality=quality]
[&compression=compression]
[&refresh=refresh]
[&full=full]
VI_Name is the name of the returned VI front panel. You must encode the
VI name according to HTTP conventions. Replace special characters with
%xx, where xxis the hexadecimal value of the character.
Type is the returned image type, either JPEG or PNG. If no type is
specified, the default type is used.
Depth is the depth of the returned image. Depth can be 1, 4, 8, or 24 bits.
If no depth is specified, the default depth is used.
Quality is the image quality and memory size of the JPEG front panel
image. Quality can be between 0 and 100. If no quality is specified, the
default quality is used.
Compression is the compression level used for compressing PNG images.
Compression can be between 0 and 7. If no compression is specified, the
default PNG compression is used.
Refresh is the maximum age of a cached image. If a cached image is older
than refresh seconds, a new image is generated.
Full specifies whether to return the image of all controls or just the part
visible in the window. Set full to on to indicate all controls and off to
indicate the window content. If no full is specified, the image of the visible
front panel in the window is returned.
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The following are some examples on how you would use this syntax:
•
•
To return the front panel image of the VI My VI.vifrom the computer
foousing the default image type, depth, and quality, use the
following code:
http://foo/.snap?My%20VI.vi
To return the front panel image of the VI Test 1.vifrom the
computer foousing image depth=24 and image type=PNG, use the
following code:
http://foo/.snap?Test%201.vi&depth=24&type=png
•
•
To embed the image of the VI Example.vi, in an HTML document
on the same system, use the following code:
<IMG SRC="/.snap?Example.vi">
To embed the image of the VI Example.virunning on the computer
fooin any HTML document, use the following code:
<IMG SRC="http://foo/.snap?Example.vi">
Animated Front Panel Image (.monitor URL)
The .monitor URL signals the server to return an animated image of the
front panel of a VI currently in memory. The query parameters in the URL
specify the VI name, attributes of the animation, and attributes of the
image.
For example, you can write the URL for the animated image of the VI
Test Example.vi, which updates once every two seconds for three
minutes, as follows:
http://web.server.addr/.monitor?Test+Example.vi&refresh=2&lifespan=180
For Netscape Navigator browsers, the server uses the server-push method
of animation. The server accomplishes this animation by taking subsequent
snapshots of the front panel image and sending them to the client. With
other browsers, the server uses the client-pull method of animation.
You must open the front panel of the VI to take snapshots for animated
images because closed front panels do not update the images of controls
when the value changes.
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The syntax to use in the URL for static front panel images is as follows
(parameters in brackets [ ] are optional):
.monitor?VI_Name
[&type=type]
[&depth=depth]
[&quality=quality]
[&compression=compression]
[&refresh=refresh]
[&full=full]
[&lifespan=lifespan]
VI_Name is the name of the returned VI front panel. You must encode the
VI name according to HTTP conventions. Replace special characters with
%xx, where xxis the hexadecimal value of the character.
Type is the returned image type, either JPEG or PNG. If no type is
specified, the default type is used.
Depth is the depth of the returned image. Depth can be 1, 4, 8, or 24 bits.
If no depth is specified, the default depth is used.
Quality is the image quality and memory size of the JPEG front panel
image. Quality can be between 0 and 100. If no quality is specified, the
default quality is used.
Compression is the compression level used for compressing PNG images.
Compression can be between 0 and 7. If no compression is specified, the
default PNG compression is used.
Refresh is number of seconds between each succeeding image.
Full specifies whether to return the image of all controls or just the part
visible in the window. Set full to on to indicate all controls and off to
indicate the window content. If no full is specified, the image of the visible
front panel in the window is returned.
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Lifespan is the number of seconds the front panel animation lasts. Setting
Lifespan=0implies that the animation continues until the browser
cancels it. If no lifespan is specified, the default lifespan is used.
Note
When using client-pull animations, the lifespan is ignored.
The following are some examples on how you would use this syntax:
•
To generate an animated front panel image of the VI My VI.vifrom
the computer foousing the default image type, depth, and quality,
use the following code:
http://foo/.monitor?My%20VI.vi
•
To generate a 60-second animation of the front panel image of the VI
Test 1.vifrom the computer foousing the default image type and
quality but using refresh=5, use the following code:
http://foo/.monitor?Test%201.vi&refresh=5&lifespan=60
•
•
To embed the image of the VI Example.viin an HTML document on
the same system, use the following code:
<IMG SRC="/.monitor?Example.vi">
To embed the image of the VI Example.virunning on the computer
fooin any HTML document, use the following code:
<IMG SRC="http://foo/.monitor?Example.vi">
Enhancements to Examples and Activities
You can run example VIs to help you get started with LabVIEW. To
generate or find examples similar to your application, refer to the Solution
Wizards (on Windows and PCI Macintosh only) or to the Search Examples
online help file (Windows only), which you can access from the LabVIEW
startup dialog box.
In addition to the example VIs, a good way to get started with LabVIEW is
to complete the activities available to you in the LabVIEW User Manual
and in the LabVIEW Online Reference.
Note
The LabVIEW Online Reference has the most up-to-date information regarding
paths to VIs, functions, and controls.
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A
Manual Clarifications and
Additions
This appendix clarifies and corrects information in the LabVIEW manual
set. Because these manuals were not revised for the version 5.1 release of
LabVIEW, this appendix contains information relevant only to the previous
release.
Enhancements to LabVIEW 5.1 have rendered some information in these
manuals incorrect, particularly illustrations of palettes and navigation paths
to functions and controls, including those in activities. See Chapter 2, New
Features in LabVIEW 5.1, for updated information and descriptions of new
features.
Multithreading
Color of Code Interface and Call Library Function Nodes—The color
of a code interface node (CIN) or Call Library Function node on a block
diagram changes depending on whether LabVIEW considers it reentrant.
If LabVIEW considers a CIN or Call Library Function node reentrant,
LabVIEW assigns it the current primitive color (the default is pale yellow).
If a CIN or Call Library Function node is not considered reentrant, its color
is orange. This color designation exists on all platforms, even if the
platform itself is not threaded.
ActiveX
ole_lv5container.dll—The ActiveX Container uses a DLL named
ole_lv5container.dll, which is located in the resourcedirectory.
If you build an application that includes ActiveX controls and move it to
another machine, you must install this file in the same directory as the built
application or in the Systemdirectory. In the LabVIEW documentation,
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Data Format—The compatibility VIs for the LabVIEW 4.x Automation
functions require that you pass flattened data in the LabVIEW 4.x format.
LabVIEW 5.x loads your LabVIEW 4.x VIs and automatically selects the
Convert 4.x Data option for the Flatten To String and Unflatten From
String functions, which are found in the Advanced»Data Manipulations
palette.
Instrumentation
Signal Generator by Duration VI—The Signal Generator by Duration
VI has been added to the Signal Processing»Signal Generation palette.
This VI generates a signal with a shape given by the waveform type: sine,
cosine, triangle, square, sawtooth, increasing ramp, or decreasing ramp.
CVI Function Panel Converter Changes—The improved CVI Function
Panel Converter creates hierarchical text menus so you can find functions
quickly. Two new options have been added to the CVI Function Panel
Converter. These options are ON by default.
•
•
Map ViSession type to VISA Session RefNum—This option
specifies that instrument session numbers of type ViSession in the CVI
Function Panel are converted to LabVIEW VISA RefNums in the
resulting VI. Functions that contain the string _initin their name
automatically register with the VISA refnum; functions that contain
_closein their name automatically close the VISA refnum.
Create instr.lib menu mirroring CVI Class Hierarchy—
This option specifies that when converting a Function Panel file,
a palette menu for the instrument is created in the Instrument Drivers
menu. This menu is organized hierarchically according to the Function
Panel Tree in the .fpfile.
General Interface Features
Icon and Text Palettes
You can display palettes in three modes: Standard, All Icons, or All Text.
Choose the palette display mode in the Edit»Select Palette Set»Display
Style submenu.
palette. These text palettes contain the names of options. Items in text
palettes are organized in the same order as in the icon palettes when you
read the icon palette row by row, left to right. Empty spaces in the icon
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palettes are skipped. Unlike icon palettes, you cannot tack down text
palettes or subpalettes. In All Text mode, LabVIEW displays text palettes
in the Project menu and the Find dialog box. In Standard or All Icons
mode, LabVIEW displays icon palettes.
Standard is the default mode. In Standard mode, all palettes default to icon
palettes, but you can edit individual palettes to display them as text palettes.
When you edit a palette by selecting Edit»Edit Control & Function
Palettes…, LabVIEW displays the palettes in All Icons mode. You cannot
edit palettes in the other modes because they do not contain as much
information (icon palettes have both icons and two-dimensional layout,
while text palettes do not). To specify the mode for the Functions or
Controls palette, right-click on the palette—but not on a subpalette
icon—and select either Icons or Text from the Standard Menu View
submenu. The mode you select affects only the menu you are editing.
File Manager Tool
The File Manager tool, which you access by choosing Project»
File Manager…, simplifies copying, renaming, and deleting files within
VI libraries (LLBs). You also can use this tool to create new LLBs and
directories and convert LLBs to and from directories.
To avoid performing a file operation on a VI already in memory, close all
VIs that might be affected before using this tool.
In the File Manager dialog box, shown in the following figure, you can
view two locations (directory or LLB) simultaneously. When you select a
file, you can copy, rename, or delete it using the corresponding buttons
between the two lists. Click New… to create a new directory or LLB.
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Figure A-1. File Manager Tool Dialog Box
If you select an LLB, you can click Convert LLBs to Dirs to convert it to
a directory. If you select a directory and click this button, the tool scans for
all LLBs within that directory and gives you the option to convert them to
directories. The new directory is created in the same location as the
original LLB.
If you assign the new directory a name that differs from that of the original
LLB, LabVIEW searches for the files that were within the LLB when
calling a VI (even when the name is the same minus the .llbextension).
When you convert an LLB to a directory, you have the option to back up
the LLB (the .llbextension changes to .llx).
To convert a directory to an LLB, select a directory and click Convert Dirs
to LLBs.
Click Check Filenames to scan a directory or VI library for
platform-dependent filenames. The tool scans all filenames for invalid
or less (a limitation on the Macintosh). The Check Filenames option also
scans files within LLBs. These files are portable, even if their names
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contain characters that are invalid on some platforms. By scanning within
LLBs, this tool helps you detect potential problems if you move your files
out of VI libraries.
Use the Show dates option at the bottom of the dialog box to display file
modification dates next to each file. You can choose to sort the files
alphabetically or by date and disable files with the same name and date in
both directory listings. Use this technique when comparing two directories
to determine whether any files have changed.
Other General Interface Features
Dragging and Dropping VI Icons—LabVIEW 5.0 simplified the creation
of VI icons. By dragging an image file and dropping it onto the VI icon in
the upper-right corner of a front panel, a 32-by-32 version of the image
replaces the existing icon.
You can drag a VI icon from the icon pane in the upper-right corner to a
block diagram to instantly create a subVI call. By pressing <Shift> while
dragging the VI icon, you automatically wire the non-default values of the
controls as constants for the subVI.
If the subVI already appears in a block diagram, pressing <Shift> while
dragging onto the existing call updates the attached constants. A control at
its default value discards the constant attached to the subVI, and an input
wired to anything other than a constant is unaffected.
When you press <Shift> while double-clicking a subVI icon to open the
subVI front panel, LabVIEW loads the values of the constants wired to
the subVI into the front panel controls. All unwired controls retain the
default values.
You also can use the drag-and-drop technique for global variables and
custom controls. Additionally, you can drag a VI icon into a VI refnum on
a front panel control to load VIs into memory dynamically, which is part of
the VI Server functionality.
Print to RTF/HTML Feature—The Print to RTF/HTML feature can
export graphics in uncompressed graphics interchange format (GIF). To
use this feature, select File»Print Documentation, and select RTF File or
HTML File from the Destination pull-down menu.
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Configuration File VIs—The Configuration File VIs, which you can
access from the Functions»File I/O»Configuration File VIs palette,
provide tools for reading from and writing to a platform-independent
configuration file similar in format to a Windows initialization (.ini) file.
Macintosh Open Transport Support—LabVIEW 5.x supports
Open Transport on Power Macintosh machines. Open Transport is a
PowerPC-native networking driver.
New Preferences Options—LabVIEW 5.x adds the following two options
in the Miscellaneous view of the Edit»Preferences… dialog box:
•
Automatically close VISA sessions—Use this option to specify that
VISA sessions, like file refnums, close automatically when the
top-level VI goes idle. The default is ON, which closes VISA sessions
automatically.
•
Treat read-only VI as locked—Using this option, you can choose
whether to treat read-only VIs as locked. You cannot edit locked VIs,
but you can re-compile and execute them. By default the option is not
selected so that read-only VIs appear normally. However, you cannot
save the VI to the same location (the read-only file) unless you change
the file permissions outside LabVIEW. This behavior is consistent with
the behavior in previous versions of LabVIEW. When using the VI
Server, the read-only status of files is ignored except when saving. This
option is designed primarily to support the source-code control of the
Professional G Developers Toolkit.
Execution System Selection—The default preferred execution system
for a VI is same as caller. This setting allows the VI to run in the same
execution system in which caller is running when the subVI call to the VI
is made. The same as caller setting has the lowest run-time overhead.
When you set a VI to same as caller and you run it at the top level, it runs
in the standard execution system at its selected priority.
Icon Editor—The Undo button has been removed from the Icon Editor,
but you can undo an action by selecting Edit»Undo or <Ctrl-Z>.
Offscreen Updates Default Value—The default value for offscreen
updates is now ON instead of OFF.
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Support for Template VIs and Controls
You can save commonly used VIs and controls as templates. To create a
template VI, save a VI with a .vitextension (or .cttextension for
typedefs). When you open a template VI or control, the new file you create
is named automatically using your template name and a number
corresponding to the number of times it has been opened. When you finish
editing the VI and save it, LabVIEW prompts you to enter a new name for
the file.
To modify a template, open it, make your changes, then save over the .vit
(or .ctt) file that you originally created.
(Macintosh) You also can use the Stationery Pad checkbox of the Get Info
dialog box in the Finder to change a VI to a template.
Adding VIs to the Project and Help Menus
You can add VIs to the Project and Help menus by placing them inside the
Projector Helpdirectories in the LabVIEWdirectory. You can use this
technique to provide quick access to VIs that act as tools in your system.
National Instruments uses this feature to make the Tech Support VIs
accessible from the Help menu. Also, if you have the Application Builder
libraries installed, you can see a Build Application… option in the Project
menu.
Any VI placed at the top level of the Projector Helpdirectory is
appended directly to the corresponding menu. If you create a subdirectory,
a submenu is appended.
Allocation of Threads on Concurrent PowerMAX
and Solaris 2
On Concurrent PowerMAX and Solaris 2, LabVIEW allocates threads as
described below.
If LabVIEW has permission to increase its Light Weight Process (LWP)
priorities from the default, it binds all created threads to LWPs.
•
Profiling is very accurate because each thread is bound to a LWP and
the kernel monitors the execution timing of LWPs.
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•
•
The LabVIEW priority system is reflected in the way the kernel runs
LWPs. Higher-priority execution threads (LWPs) take over the system,
not allowing lower-priority system tasks to execute.
Switching between threads might require more time because
LabVIEW runs through the system scheduler.
(PowerMAX) LabVIEW for Concurrent PowerMAX always binds threads to
LWPs. Unless you have permission to adjust priorities to LWPs, LabVIEW
will stop, indicating that it does not have enough permission to run. The
permissions you need depends on the scheduler you are using. If you are
using the time-shared scheduler—the default—you need the P_TSHAR
privilege. If you are able to use the real-time scheduler, you do not need any
additional privileges.
(Solaris 2) If LabVIEW for Solaris cannot increase its LWP priorities from
the default, it creates a LWP per thread, but leaves the threads and LWPs
unbound so the created threads have a pool of LWPs on which to run. The
typical user does not have permission to raise LWP priorities. If LabVIEW
threads are not bound to LWPs:
•
•
•
Profiling strictly uses wall-clock time. Threads might switch LWPs
dynamically without kernel knowledge, so LabVIEW cannot use LWP
timing statistics.
The LabVIEW priority system only has an effect internal to LabVIEW.
The system treats all the LabVIEW LWPs as another process to
schedule at the same priority as any other task in the system.
Context switching between threads might be faster because it does not
involve the kernel scheduler.
The About LabVIEW dialog box, which you can view by choosing
Help»About LabVIEW…, indicates how LabVIEW currently allocates
threads.
Clarifications to the LabVIEW User Manual
The following clarifications pertain to the LabVIEW User Manual:
•
In Chapter 2, Creating VIs, the text and an illustration in Activity 2-3,
Create an Icon Connector, refer to an Undo button in the Icon Editor.
The Undo button has been removed, but you can undo an action by
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•
•
In Chapter 6, Strings and File I/O, the block diagram in Activity 6-3,
String Subsets and Number Extraction, shows the From
Exponential/Fract/Eng function. The block diagram should show the
Scan From String function, as described in the text.
In Chapter 7, Getting Started with a LabVIEW Instrument Driver, the
Interactively Testing Component VIs section describes how to access
open VISA sessions. On the pop-up menu of a VISA session control,
if Open Sessions... is always grayed out, make sure that the
Automatically Close VISA Sessions option in
Edit»Preferences»Miscellaneous is unchecked.
•
In Chapter 15, Spectrum Analysis and Measurement, the pathname for
library that includes the THD Example VI in Activity 15-3, Calculate
Harmonic Distortion, should be
examples\analysis\measure\measxmpl.ll.
•
•
(Windows 95) In the Using NetDDE section of Chapter 23, Using DDE,
the manual refers to REGEDITand REDEGITexecutables. The correct
name is REGEDIT.
In Chapter 25, Program-to-Program Communication, the PPC Client
Example section refers to the PPC Open Connection, PPC Open
Session, PPC Close Session, and PPC Close Connection VIs. These
should be the PPC Open Port, PPC Start Session, PPC End Session,
and PPC Close Port VIs, respectively. The PPC Server Example
section refers to the PPC Close Session VI, which should be the PPC
End Session VI.
VISA Error Codes
The following table lists numeric VISA error codes that were not included
in the printed documentation.
Error Code
Error Name
VI_SUCCESS_SYNC
Description
1073676443
Operation completed successfully, but the operation was
actually synchronous rather than asynchronous.
1073676442
1073676441
1073676440
1073676424
VI_SUCCESS_NESTED_EXCLUSIVE
VI_SUCCESS_NESTED_SHARED
VI_SUCCESS_NCHAIN
Operation completed successfully, and this session has
nested exclusive locks.
Operation completed successfully, and this session has
nested shared locks.
Event handled successfully. Do not invoke any other
handlers on this session for this event.
VI_WARN_NSUP_BUF
The specified I/O buffer is not supported.
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Error Code
1073676421
Error Name
Description
VI_WARN_UNKNOWN_STATUS
The status code passed to the operation could not be
interpreted.
1073676420
VI_WARN_NSUP_ATTR_STATE
Although the specified state of the attribute is valid, it is
not supported by this resource implementation.
1073676418
1073676416
VI_WARN_NULL_OBJECT
The specified object reference is uninitialized.
VI_SUCCESS_QUEUE_NEMPTY
Wait terminated successfully on receipt of an event
notification. There is at least one more event occurrence
of the type specified by inEventType available for this
session.
1073676413
1073676407
VI_SUCCESS_DEV_NPRESENT
VI_WARN_CONFIG_NLOADED
Session opened successfully, but the device at the
specified address is not responding.
The specified configuration either does not exist or
could not be loaded. VISA-specified defaults will be
used.
1073676294
VI_SUCCESS_MAX_CNT
The number of bytes transferred is equal to the input
count.
1073676293
1073676292
VI_SUCCESS_TERM_CHAR
VI_SUCCESS_QUEUE_EMPTY
The specified termination character was read.
Operation completed successfully, but queue was
already empty.
1073676291
1073676290
-1073807202
VI_SUCCESS_EVENT_DIS
VI_SUCCESS_EVENT_EN
VI_ERROR_LIBRARY_NFOUND
Specified event is already disabled for at least one of the
specified mechanisms.
Specified event is already enabled for at least one of the
specified mechanisms.
A code library required by VISA could not be located or
loaded.
-1073807204
-1073807215
-1073807229
-1073807240
VI_ERROR_SESN_NLOCKED
VI_ERROR_INV_MODE
The current session did not have a lock on the resource.
Invalid mode specified.
VI_ERROR_INV_LENGTH
VI_ERROR_INV_PARAMETER
Invalid length specified.
The value of some parameter (which parameter is not
known) is invalid.
-1073807246
-1073807247
-1073807248
VI_ERROR_RSRC_BUSY
The resource is valid, but VISA cannot currently
access it.
VI_ERROR_USER_BUF
A specified user buffer is not valid or cannot be accessed
for the required size.
VI_ERROR_NSUP_ALIGN_OFFSET
The specified offset is not properly aligned for the
access width of the operation.
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Error Code
Error Name
Description
-1073807252
VI_ERROR_ASRL_OVERRUN
An overrun error occurred during transfer. A character
was not read from the hardware before the next
character arrived.
-1073807253
-1073807254
-1073807263
VI_ERROR_ASRL_FRAMING
VI_ERROR_ASRL_PARITY
VI_ERROR_NSYS_CNTLR
A framing error occurred during transfer.
A parity error occurred during transfer.
The interface associated with this session is not the
system controller.
-1073807271
-1073807275
VI_ERROR_RESP_PENDING
A previous response is still pending, causing a multiple
query error.
VI_ERROR_NSUP_VAR_WIDTH
Cannot support source and destination widths that are
different.
-1073807278
-1073807301
-1073807303
VI_ERROR_INV_WIDTH
VI_ERROR_QUEUE_ERROR
VI_ERROR_IN_PROGRESS
Invalid access width specified.
Unable to queue the asynchronous operation.
Unable to queue the asynchronous operation because
there is already an operation in progress.
-1073807312
-1073807313
VI_ERROR_ABORT
User abort occurred during transfer.
VI_ERROR_NENABLED
You must be enabled for events of the specified type in
order to receive them.
-1073807315
VI_ERROR_QUEUE_OVERFLOW
The event queue for the specified type has overflowed
(usually due to previous events not having been closed).
-1073807327
-1073807328
VI_ERROR_INV_ACCESS_KEY
VI_ERROR_INV_LOCK_TYPE
The access key to the specified resource is invalid.
The specified type of lock is not supported by this
resource.
-1073807333
VI_ERROR_INV_DEGREE
Specified degree is invalid.
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Index
Numbers
C
3D graph controls for Windows, 2-9
CDE (Common Desktop Environment) Window
Manager, configuring, 1-14 to 1-15
compatibility issues between versions 4.1
and 5.x, 1-6
A
accessing recently opened files, 2-4 to 2-5
ActiveX
compatibility VIs
ActiveX functions, 1-16
Automation Open function
improvements, 2-14
new server functionality, 1-16
Concurrent PowerMAX
compatibility VIs for ActiveX
functions, 1-16
enhancements for Windows, 2-13 to 2-14
ring enhancements, 2-13
support for events, 2-13 to 2-14
working with events, 2-13 to 2-14
Event functions for Windows, 2-14
IVI instrument drivers and Active X,
2-12 to 2-13
installation patches, 1-4
installation requirements (table), 1-4
installing LabVIEW, 1-9
thread allocation, A-7 to A-8
Configuration File VIs, A-6
configuration requirements (table), 1-2 to 1-4
HP-UX systems, 1-4
Linux systems, 1-4
Power Macintosh, 1-3
manual additions, A-1 to A-2
Application Builder
Sun systems, 1-3
UNIX systems, 1-3
Run-Time Engine for, 2-46
upgrading, 1-19
applications, building and distributing,
2-41 to 2-46
Windows operating systems
all Windows versions, 1-2
Windows 95/98, 1-2
Windows NT, 1-2
building applications, 2-42 to 2-43
building executable programs, 2-41 to 2-46
creating installer for Windows, 2-45
customizing application features,
2-43 to 2-44
modifying VIs as part of the build, 2-45
Run-Time Engine for Application Builder in
Windows, 2-46
configuring LabVIEW windows on UNIX,
1-14 to 1-15
CDE (Common Desktop Environment)
Window Manager, 1-14 to 1-15
HP VUE Window Manager, 1-14
Motif Window Manager, 1-14 to 1-15
Tab Window Manager, 1-14
controls and indicators
3D graph controls for Windows, 2-9
changes and enhancements, 2-7 to 2-8
dialog controls, 2-8
labels, 2-7
templates for VIs and controls, A-7
B
building applications. See applications, building
and distributing.
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Index
converting VIs, 1-18
CVI Functional Panel Converter, manual
changes for, A-2
E
Easy Text Report VI, 2-26, 2-33
enhancements. See features and
enhancements.
errors
D
launch errors on UNIX (table), 1-13
VISA error codes (table), A-9 to A-11
examples
enhancements to examples and
activities, 2-62
examples and solutions files, 1-12
executable programs, building, 2-41 to 2-46
execution system selection, A-6
data acquisition (DAQ)
DAQ enhancements, 2-39 to 2-40
DAQ Solution Wizard, 2-39
new syntax element for
nonsequentially scanned SCXI
module channels, 2-39 to 2-40
support for NI-DAQ for Windows
and Macintosh, 2-39
installation notes, 1-10 to 1-11
DataSocket VIs for Windows, 2-47
dialog box, menu, and window
enhancements, 2-1 to 2-6
accessing recently opened files, 2-4 to 2-5
Macintosh Navigation Services, 2-6
saving VIs for previous version, 2-4
scaling front panel objects, 2-1 to 2-3
searching in LabVIEW, 2-5 to 2-6
dialog controls, 2-8
F
features and enhancements
building and distributing applications,
2-41 to 2-46
DAQ enhancements, 2-39 to 2-40
dialog box, menu, and window
enhancements, 2-1 to 2-6
accessing recently opened
files, 2-4 to 2-5
Dialog Listbox control, 2-8
Macintosh Navigation Services, 2-6
saving VIs for previous version, 2-4
scaling front panel objects, 2-1 to 2-3
searching in LabVIEW, 2-5 to 2-6
examples and activities, 2-62
networking enhancements, 2-47 to 2-62
VIs, functions, and controls, 2-7 to 2-38
3D graph controls for Windows, 2-9
ActiveX enhancements, 2-13 to 2-14
ActiveX event functions for
Windows, 2-14
Dialog Recessed Frame control, 2-8 to 2-9
discontinued media, 1-5
discontinued platform support, 1-5
distributing applications. See applications,
building and distributing.
distribution of LabVIEW
discontinued media, 1-5
discontinued platform support, 1-5
documentation. See manual clarifications and
additions.
dragging and dropping VI icons, A-5
changes to controls and indicators,
2-7 to 2-9
generating reports in Windows,
2-25 to 2-28
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Index
HiQ and MATLAB functionality for
Windows, 2-15 to 2-22
integration of mathematics and signal
processing VIs, 2-22 to 2-24
integration of Picture Control VIs,
2-24 to 2-25
G
general interface features. See interface
features.
GPIB installation notes, 1-10 to 1-11
property and invoke nodes, 2-9
Report Generation VI descriptions,
2-28 to 2-38
ring enhancements, 2-11 to 2-13
sound VIs for Windows and
Macintosh, 2-25
H
help. See information resources for LabVIEW.
Help menu, adding VIs to, A-7
HiQ and MATLAB, 2-15 to 2-22
choosing script server, 2-19 to 2-20
configuring data type of terminal,
2-20 to 2-21
VI server properties in reserved VIs
and runtime systems, 2-9 to 2-11
VISA enhancements, 2-40 to 2-41
File Manager tool, manual changes for,
A-3 to A-5
files, recently opened, accessing, 2-4 to 2-5
Find All Instances dialog box, 2-5 to 2-6
Find dialog box, 2-5
creating HiQ scripts, 2-16 to 2-17
creating MATLAB scripts, 2-18 to 2-19
debugging scripts, 2-21
error codes (table), 2-22
importing or exporting scripts, 2-19
installing HiQ, 1-12
script node, 2-16
scrolling through scripts, 2-20
versions required, 2-15
front panel images for the Web
animated front panel image (.monitor
URL), 2-60 to 2-62
HP VUE Window Manager, configuring, 1-14
HP-UX systems
determining which front panels are
visible, 2-57
installation requirements (table), 1-4
installing LabVIEW for HP-UX 10.x, 1-8
HTTP services. See Internet/HTTP services.
front panel image formats, 2-58
publishing, 2-56
retrieving static image of VI front
panel, 2-56
static front panel image (.snap URL),
2-58 to 2-60
URLs for front panel images, 2-58
viewing animated version of front
panel, 2-57
I
Icon Editor changes, A-6
Icon palette, manual changes for, A-2 to A-3
indicators. See controls and indicators.
information resources for LabVIEW, 1-10,
1-17
installing LabVIEW, 1-6 to 1-11. See also
upgrading to LabVIEW 5.1.
data acquisition notes, 1-10 to 1-11
HiQ for Windows, 1-12
front panel objects, scaling, 2-1 to 2-3
defining minimum window size, 2-3
limitations (note), 2-1
maintaining window proportions, 2-3
rules for, 2-1 to 2-2
setting all objects to scale, 2-3
setting one object to scale, 2-2
HP-UX 10.x, 1-8
LabVIEW RT, 1-6
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Linux, 1-8 to 1-9
running the Web Server, 2-55
static front panel image (.snap URL),
2-58 to 2-60
URLs for front panel images, 2-58
viewing animated version of front
panel, 2-57
Macintosh, 1-6 to 1-7
more information about LabVIEW, 1-9
notes, 1-9 to 1-10
PowerMAX, 1-8
requirements
Web Server Browser Access dialog
box, 2-49 to 2-51
Web Server Configuration dialog box,
2-48 to 2-49
Web Server in LabVIEW, 2-48
Web Server Visible VIs dialog box,
2-52 to 2-54
Concurrent PowerMAX, 1-4
HP-UX systems (table), 1-4
Power Macintosh (table), 1-3
Sun systems (table), 1-3
UNIX systems (table), 1-3
Windows operating systems
(table), 1-2
invoke nodes, 2-9
IVI instrument drivers and Active X,
2-12 to 2-13
UNIX, 1-7
VXI notes, 1-10 to 1-11
Windows, 1-6 to 1-7
instrumentation, manual additions for, A-2
interface features, A-2 to A-6
Configuration File VIs, A-6
dragging and dropping VI icons, A-5
execution system selection, A-6
File Manager tool, A-3 to A-5
Icon and Text palettes, A-2 to A-3
Icon Editor, A-6
Macintosh Open Transport support, A-6
new preferences options, A-6
offscreen updates default value, A-6
Print to RTF/HTML feature, A-5
Internet Developers Toolkit for G,
upgrading, 1-19
L
labels for controls and indicators, 2-7
LabVIEW
about this addendum, ix
compatibility issues between versions 4.1
and 5.x, 1-16
examples and solutions, 1-12
information resources, 1-10, 1-17
upgrading to version 5.1, 1-17 to 1-19
LabVIEW RT, installing, 1-6
LabVIEW Test Executive, upgrading, 1-19
launch errors on UNIX (table), 1-13
Linux operating system, 1-4, 1-5, 1-8 to 1-9
low-level register I/O for Windows 95/98,
1-13
Internet/HTTP services, 2-47 to 2-62
animated front panel image (.monitor
URL), 2-60 to 2-62
configuring the Web Server, 2-55
determining which front panels are
visible, 2-57
front panel image formats, 2-58
Web, 2-56
M
Macintosh Appearance Manager, 2-6
Macintosh computers. See also Power
Macintosh.
installing LabVIEW, 1-7
retrieving static image of VI front
panel, 2-56
data acquisition, VXI, and GPIB
installation notes, 1-11
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Index
Power Macintosh installation
requirements (table), 1-3
Motif Window Manager, configuring, 1-14
to 1-15
sound VIs, 2-25
multithreading, manual additions for, A-1
support for NI-DAQ for Windows and
Macintosh, 2-39
Macintosh Navigation Services, 2-6
Macintosh Open Transport support, A-6
manual clarifications and additions,
A-1 to A-11
N
networking enhancements, 2-47 to 2-62
DataSocket VIs for Windows, 2-47
Internet/HTTP services, 2-46 to 2-61
animated front panel image (.monitor
URL), 2-60 to 2-62
about this addendum, ix
ActiveX, A-1 to A-2
configuring the Web Server, 2-55
determining which front panels are
visible, 2-57
adding VIs to Project and Help
menus, A-7
clarifications, A-8 to A-9
front panel image formats, 2-58
publishing front panel images on the
Web, 2-56
retrieving static image of VI front
panel, 2-56
running the Web Server, 2-55
static front panel image (.snap URL),
2-58 to 2-60
URLs for front panel images, 2-58
viewing animated version of front
panel, 2-57
Web Server Browser Access dialog
box, 2-49 to 2-51
Web Server Configuration dialog
box, 2-48 to 2-49
Web Server in LabVIEW, 2-48
Web Server Visible VIs dialog box,
2-52 to 2-54
general interface features, A-2 to A-6
Configuration File VIs, A-6
dragging and dropping VI icons, A-5
execution system selection, A-6
File Manager tool, A-3 to A-5
Icon and Text palettes, A-2 to A-3
Icon Editor, A-6
Macintosh Open Transport
support, A-6
new preferences options, A-6
offscreen updates default value, A-6
Print to RTF/HTML feature, A-5
instrumentation, A-2
multithreading, A-1
templates for VIs and controls, A-7
thread allocation on Concurrent
PowerMAX and Solaris 2, A-7 to A-8
VISA error codes (table), A-9 to A-11
mathematics VIs
new features. See features and enhancements.
NI-DAQ for Windows and Macintosh, 2-39
nonsequentially scanned SCXI module
channels, syntax element for, 2-39 to 2-40
integration with signal processing VIs,
2-22 to 2-23
Mathematics palette, 2-23
Signal Processing palette, 2-24
MATLAB. See HiQ and MATLAB.
menu enhancements. See dialog box, menu,
and window enhancements.
O
offscreen updates default value, A-6
operating systems. See also specific operating
system, e.g., UNIX operating system.
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discontinued platform support, 1-5
installation requirements (table),
1-2 to 1-4
installing LabVIEW, 1-6 to 1-11
Save for Previous option (note), 1-5
Dispose Report, 2-36
Easy Text Report, 2-26, 2-33
Get Report Settings, 2-36
New Report, 2-36
New Report Line, 2-36
New Report Page, 2-37
parameter descriptions, 2-29 to 2-33
Print Report, 2-37
Set Report Font, 2-37
P
Picture Control VIs, 2-24 to 2-25
Power Macintosh. See also Macintosh
computers.
Set Report Footer Text, 2-37
Set Report Header Text, 2-38
Set Report Margins, 2-38
Set Report Orientation, 2-38
Set Report Tab Width, 2-39
required system configuration (table),
1-1 to 1-4
ring enhancements, 2-11 to 2-13
ActiveX, 2-13
IVI instrument drivers and ActiveX,
2-12 to 2-13
ring constant examples (figure), 2-11
runtime VIs, setting properties for, 2-9 to 2-10
installation requirements (table), 1-3
PowerMAX operating system. See Concurrent
PowerMAX.
preferences options, new, A-6
Print to RTF/HTML feature, A-5
Professional G Developers Toolkit,
upgrading, 1-19
programs, building. See applications, building
and distributing.
Project menu, adding VIs to, A-7
property nodes, 2-9
R
S
report generation, 2-25 to 2-28
capabilities of Report Generation VIs,
2-25 to 2-26
saving for previous version
Save for Previous option (note), 1-5
saving VIs, 2-4
Easy Text Report VI overview, 2-26
hints, 2-27
Report in/Report out parameters, 2-27
tokens, 2-27 to 2-28
scaling front panel objects, 2-1 to 2-3
defining minimum window size, 2-3
limitations (note), 2-1
maintaining window proportions, 2-3
rules for, 2-1 to 2-2
Report Generation palette, 2-28
Report Generation VIs, 2-28 to 2-39
Append File to Report, 2-34
Append Numeric Table to Report, 2-35
Append Report Text, 2-34
Append Text Table to Report, 2-35
setting all objects to scale, 2-3
setting one object to scale, 2-2
scripts. See HiQ and MATLAB.
SCXI module channels, nonsequentially
scanned, syntax element for, 2-39 to 2-40
Search Results dialog box, 2-5 to 2-6
searching in LabVIEW, 2-5 to 2-6
Clear Report, 2-35
Clear Report Text, 2-35
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Find All Instances and Search Results
dialog box, 2-5 to 2-6
Find dialog box, 2-5
U
UNIX operating system
configuring LabVIEW windows,
1-14 to 1-15
server functionality
compatibility VIs for, 1-16
VI server properties in reserved VIs and
runtime systems, 2-9 to 2-11
Signal Generator by Duration VI, A-2
signal processing VIs
integration with mathematics VIs,
2-22 to 2-23
Mathematics palette, 2-23
Signal Processing palette, 2-24
Solaris 2
CDE (Common Desktop
Environment) Window Manager,
1-14 to 1-15
HP VUE Window Manager, 1-14
Motif Window Manager, 1-14
to 1-15
Tab Window Manager, 1-14
installation requirements (table), 1-3
installing LabVIEW, 1-7 to 1-9
HP-UX 10.x, 1-8
installing LabVIEW, 1-7 to 1-8
thread allocation, A-7 to A-8
solutions and examples, 1-12
sound VIs for Windows and Macintosh, 2-25
SPARCstation 5 systems, problems with,
1-15 to 1-16
Linux, 1-8 to 1-9
PowerMAX, 1-9
Solaris 2, 1-7
launch errors on UNIX (table), 1-13
upgrading to LabVIEW 5.1, 1-17 to 1-19
application builder libraries and toolkits,
1-18 to 1-19
Sun systems
data acquisition, VXI, and GPIB
installation notes, 1-11
converting VIs, 1-18
installation requirements (table), 1-3
problems with SPARCstation 5 systems,
1-15 to 1-16
V
VI icons, dragging and dropping, A-5
VIs. See also Report Generation VIs.
adding VIs to Project and Help
menus, A-7
T
Tab Window Manager, configuring, 1-14
templates for VIs and controls, A-7
Text palette, manual changes for, A-2 to A-3
threads
compatibility VIs
ActiveX functions, 1-16
new server functionality, 1-16
Configuration File VIs, A-6
converting, 1-18
DataSocket VIs for Windows, 2-47
integration
mathematics and signal processing
VIs, 2-22 to 2-24
Picture Control VIs, 2-24 to 2-25
runtime VIs, setting properties for,
2-9 to 2-10
multithreading, A-1
thread allocation on Concurrent
PowerMAX and Solaris 2, A-7 to A-8
3D graph controls for Windows, 2-9
tokens
descriptions (table), 2-27 to 2-28
report generation, 2-27 to 2-28
toolkits, upgrading, 1-18 to 1-19
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saving for previous version, 2-4
Signal Generator by Duration VI, A-2
sound VIs for Windows and Macintosh,
2-25
templates for VIs and controls, A-7
VI server properties in reserved VIs and
runtime systems, 2-9 to 2-11
maintaining proportions with monitor
resolution, 2-3
Windows operating systems
ActiveX enhancements, 2-13 to 2-14
Automation Open function, 2-14
Event functions, 2-14
ring enhancements, 2-13
support for ActiveX events, 2-13
HiQ and MATLAB, 2-15 to 2-22
choosing script server, 2-19
configuring data type of terminal,
2-20
VISA enhancements, 2-40 to 2-41
VISA error codes (table), A-9 to A-11
VISA GPIB Control REN function, 2-41
VISA VXI Cmd or Query, 2-41
VXI installation notes, 1-10 to 1-11
creating HiQ scripts, 2-16 to 2-17
creating MATLAB scripts,
2-18 to 2-19
W
Web Server. See also Internet/HTTP services.
configuring, 2-55
debugging scripts, 2-21
error codes (table), 2-22
importing or exporting scripts, 2-19
scrolling through scripts, 2-20
installation requirements (table)
all Windows versions, 1-2
Windows 95/98, 1-2
overview, 2-48
running, 2-55
Web Server Browser Access dialog box,
2-49 to 2-51
example TCIP/IP access entries (table),
2-51
illustration, 2-49
Windows NT, 1-2
installing LabVIEW
options (table), 2-50
data acquisition, VXI, and GPIB
installation notes, 1-10 to 1-11
procedure for, 1-6 to 1-7
low-level register I/O for Windows 95/98,
1-13
report generation, 2-25 to 2-28
Run-Time Engine for Application
Builder, 2-41 to 2-46
Web Server Configuration dialog box, 2-48
Web Server Visible VIs dialog box,
2-52 to 2-55
examples of Visible VIs list entries
(table), 2-54
illustration, 2-52
options (table), 2-53
wildcard characters in Visible VIs list
(table), 2-54
window enhancements. See dialog box, menu,
and window enhancements.
window managers. See configuring LabVIEW
windows on UNIX.
sound VIs, 2-25
support for NI-DAQ for Windows and
Macintosh, 2-39
World Wide Web. See Internet/HTTP
services.
windows for front panel
defining minimum size, 2-3
LabVIEW 5.1 Addendum
I-8
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