Leica Microscope Magnifier DM4000B User Manual

Leica DM4000 B

Leica DM4000 M

Leica DM5000 B

Operating Manual

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Leica DM4000 B

Leica DM4000 M

Leica DM5000 B

Operating Manual

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Copyrights

All rights to this documentation are held by Leica

Microsystems Wetzlar GmbH. Reproduction of

text or illustrations (in whole or in part) by print,

photocopy, microfilm or other methods (includ-

ing electronic systems) is not allowed without

express written permission from Leica

Microsystems Wetzlar GmbH.

The term "Windows" can be used in the following

text without further identification. It is

registered trademark of the Microsoft

Corporation. Otherwise, no inference with

regard to the free usability of product names

may be drawn from the use of those names.

The instructions contained in the following docu-

mentation reflect state-of-the-art techno-logy

and knowledge standards. We have compiled

the texts and illustrations as accurately as

possible. Nevertheless, no liability of any kind

may be assumed for the accuracy of this manu-

al’s contents. Still, we are always grateful for

comments and suggestions regarding potential

mistakes within this documentation.

The information in this manual is subject to modifi-

cation at any time and without notification.

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Contents

6. Startup ........................................................ 31

6.1 Functional Principle.................................. 31

6.2 Switching on the Microscope ................ 34

6.3 The Display

(Leica DM4000 B/DM4000 M) ................. 35

6.4 The Function Keys .................................... 36

6.5 Köhler Illumination .................................... 37

6.6. Checking Phase Contrast Rings ............. 39

6.7 Adjusting the Light Sources .................... 40

Important Notes about this Manual .....

2. Safety Notes ..............................................

2.1. General Safety Notes ...............................

2.2. Electrical Safety ........................................

3. Overview of the Instrument .................... 10

4. Unpacking the Microscope .................... 14

7. Operation ................................................... 46

7.1 Switching on the Microscope ................ 46

7.2 Stages and Specimen Displacement .... 46

7.3 Focusing ..................................................... 47

7.4 Tubes...........................................................

5. Assembling the Microscope .................. 16

5.1 Stage ........................................................... 17

5.2 Condenser .................................................. 18

5.3 Tube and Eyepieces ................................. 19

5.4 Objectives .................................................. 19

5.5 Light Sources for the

7.5 Eyepieces ................................................... 49

7.6 Objectives .................................................. 50

7.7 Magnification Changer ............................ 51

7.8 Light Sources ............................................. 52

7.9 Aperture Diaphragm and

Transmitted Light Axis ............................. 20

5.6 Light Sources for the

Incident Light Axis .................................... 21

5.7 Equipping the

Incident Light filter turret ........................ 26

5.8 Polarizer and Analyzer ............................. 27

5.9 DIC Prisms .................................................. 28

5.10 Optional Accessories ............................... 29

5.11 Connection to the Power Supply............ 30

5.12 Connection to the

Field Diaphragm ........................................ 52

8. Imaging Procedure for

Leica DM4000 B/Leica DM5000 B ......... 53

8.1 Transmitted Light ...................................... 53

8.1.1 Bright Field ...................................... 53

8.1.2 Phase Contrast ............................... 53

8.1.3 Dark Field ......................................... 54

8.1.4 Polarization ..................................... 55

8.1.5 Differential

CTR5000 Electronics Box ......................... 30

Interference Contrast .................... 56

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Contents

8.2 Fluorescence ............................................. 57

9. Imaging Procedure for

Leica DM4000 M ....................................... 58

9.1 Incident Light ............................................. 58

12. Essential

Wear and Spare Parts ............................. 66

9.1.1 Bright Field ...................................... 58 13. Abbreviations and Pictograms .............. 67

9.1.2 Dark Field......................................... 58

9.1.3 Polarization ..................................... 59 14. Index ........................................................... 68

9.1.4 Interference Contrast .................... 60

9.2 Transmitted Light ...................................... 60 15. EU Declaration of Conformity ................ 69

9.2.1 Bright Field ...................................... 60

10. Trouble Shooting ...................................... 61

11. Care of the Microscope ........................... 64

11.1 Dust Cover .................................................. 64

11.2 Cleaning ...................................................... 64

11.3 Handling Acids and Bases ...................... 65

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1. Important Notes about this Manual

Caution!

This operating manual contains important in-

This operating manual is an essential com-

structions and information for the operational

ponent of the microscope, and must be read

safety and maintenance of the microscope and

carefully before the microscope is put into

accessories. Therefore, it must be kept and

operation or used.

taken care of.

Text symbols and their meanings:

(1.2)

Numbers in parentheses, such as "(1.2)", corre-

spond to illustrations (in the example, Figure 1,

Item 2).

→ p. 20

Numbers with pointer arrows (for example

→ p.20), point to a certain page of this manual.

Special safety instructions are indicated

with the triangle symbol shown here, and

have a gray background.

Caution! The microscope and accessories can

be damaged when operated incorrectly.

Explanatory note.

Item not contained in all configurations.

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2. Safety Notes

2.2 Electrical Safety

2.1 General Safety Notes

General specifications

This safety class 1 device is constructed and

tested in accordance with EN 61010-1/IEC 1010-1,

safety regulations for electrical measuring, con-

trol, and laboratory devices.

Leica CTR5000 electronics box (for DM5000 B)

For indoor use only.

Supply voltage:

Frequency:

Power input:

Fuses:

90-250 V~

50-60 Hz

max. 290 VA

T6,3 A

Caution!

(IEC 60127-2/3)

15-35°C

max. 80% to 30°C

In order to maintain this condition and to en-

sure safe operation, the user must follow the

instructions and warnings contained in this

operating manual.

Ambient temperature:

Relative humidity:

Overvoltage category:

Pollution degree:

Microscope

Caution!

For indoor use only.

Supply voltage:

Frequency:

Power input:

DM4000

DM5000

Fuses:

DM4000

The devices and accessories described in

this operating manual have been tested for

safety and potential hazards.

The responsible Leica affiliate or the main

plant in Wetzlar must be consulted when-

ever the device is altered, modified or used

in conjunction with non-Leica components

that are outside of the scope of this manual.

90-250 V~

50-60 Hz

max. 180 VA

max. 290 VA

T6,3 A

(IEC 60127-2/3)

DM5000

See CTR5000

Unauthorized alterations to the device or

noncompliant use shall void all rights to any

warranty claims!

Ambient temperature:

Relative humidity:

Overvoltage category:

Pollution degree:

15-35°C

max. 80% to 30°C

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2. Safety Notes

Supply unit ebq 100

Caution!

For indoor use only.

Supply voltage:

Frequency:

Power input:

Fuses:

Ambient temperature:

Relative humidity:

Overvoltage category:

Pollution degree:

(see enclosed manual)

90-250 V~

50-60 Hz

max. 155 VA

2xT2A (IEC 127)

15-35°C

max. 80% to 30°C

Never use any fuses as replacements other

than those of the types and the current rat-

ings listed here. Using patched fuses or

bridging the fuse holder is not permitted.

Caution!

The microscope’s electrical accessory com-

ponents are not protected against water.

Water can cause electric shock.

Caution!

The power plug may only be plugged into an

outlet equipped with a grounding contact.

Protect the microscope from excessive tem-

perature fluctuations. Such fluctuations can

lead to the accumulation of condensation,

which can damage the electrical and optical

components.

Do not interfere with the grounding function

by using an extension cord without a ground

wire. Any interruption of the ground wire in-

side or outside of the device, or release of

the ground wire connection, can cause the

device to become hazardous. Intentional

ground interruption is not permitted!

Ambient temperature: 15-35°C.

Caution!

Before exchanging the fuses or lamps, be

absolutely certain to switch-off the main

power switch and remove the power cable.

Caution!

Through connection to the grounding con-

nection, ancillary equipment with its own

and/or extra power supply may be brought to

the same ground wire potential. For

connections without a ground connector,

Leica Service must be consulted.

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3. Overview of the Instrument

Leica DM4000 B / DM5000 B

Specification

Leica DM4000 M

• transmitted light: BF, DF, PH,

Pol (DM5000 B also ICT)

Imaging Procedure

• transmitted BF, DF, PH

light:

ICT, Pol

• incident light: fluorescence

• incident light: BF, DF, ICR, Pol

Transmitted Light Axis

Incident Light Axis

• automatic Illumination Manager

(motorized aperture diaphragm and field diaphragm,

motorized intensity control)

• automatic Constant Color Intensity Control (CCIC)

• motorized shutter

• integrated into the stand

• motorized 5x filter turret

(DM5000 B 8x optional)

• integrated into the stand

• motorized 4x filter turret

• automatic Illumination

Manager

• with

FIM

(Fluorescence

Intensity Managemer) for de-

creasing light intensity in 5

stages

• motorized shutter

• mechanical “Booster Lens”

for increasing fluorescence

intensity

• motorized shutter

Z Pinion

• manual

Objective nosepiece

• manual

• absolute coded

• absolute encoded

• 6x with M32 thread

• slot for DIC prisms

and Pol compensators

(optional)

• 6x with M25 thread

(DM5000 B: 7x; mot. DIC

objective prism turret with 4

positions optional)

• manual

• replaceable specimen stage

• coaxial pinion length: 155 mm

X/Y Stage

Tube

• manual

• replaceable specimen stage

• coaxial pinion length: 140 mm

• manual or motorized

• optionally with two camera outputs

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3. Overview of the Instrument

Specification

Condenser

Leica DM4000 B / DM5000 B

Leica DM4000 M

• motorized condenser head

• motorized condenser turret for light rings,

DF stop, DIC prisms

• optional polarizer integrated and motorized

• automatic Köhler Illumination

Magnification Changer

Control Panels

• manual

• absolute coded

• 1x; 1.25x; 1.6x

• manual

• absolute coded

• 1x; 1.5x; 2x

• operating buttons for all motorized microscope functions

• additional variable function keys

• focusing knobs

• LC display

• DM5000 B with LeicaScreen (touchscreen)

Computer Interface

Software Tools

• RS232C

• Leica DMControl for Windows^TM2000, XP, NT;

• with plugins for:

• customitsation

• DM Operation

(remote control)

• basic Image Viewer

CTR5000

For Leica DM5000 B only:

Electronics Box

Separate control unit with

power supply for 100W halogen

lamp

see p. 8 (electrical safety)

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3. Overview of the Instrument

12 11 10 9 8

Fig. 1 Leica DM4000 M left side of the stand with AET22 advanced ergotube

Eyepiece

Function keys field diaphragm

Eyepiece tube

Transmitted light/incident light switch

Tube

10 Function keys aperture diaphragm

11 Function keys: Light intensity

Objective nosepiece with objectives

Specimen stage with specimen holder

Condenser

12 Focus dial with coarse and fine adjustment

13 Variable function keys (factory pre-assigned)

14 Lamp adjustment window

LC display

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3. Overview of the Instrument

21 20

19 18

Fig. 2

Leica DM4000 B right side of the stand with Advanced Ergotube AET22

15 Lamp housing for incident light

16 Lamp housing for transmitted light

17 Transmitted light filter, optional

18 Transmitted light filter, optional

19 Variable function keys (factory pre-assigned)

20 X/Y coaxial drive, height adjustable

21 Focus fine adjustment

22 Motorized filter cube exchanger

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4. Unpacking the Microscope

The external ebq 100 supply unit* is delivered in

The device is delivered in two boxes.

separate packaging.

The stand box contains the following compo-

For the Leica DM5000 B microscope:

The CTR5000 electronics box is also delivered in

separate packaging.

nents:

• Stand with integrated incident light axis and

objective nosepiece

First, carefully remove all components from the

transportation and packaging materials.

• Specimen stage with stage bracket

• Power cable and PC connecting cable

• CD with Leica software package

Note:

Avoid touching the lens surfaces of the

objectives. If fingerprints do appear on the glass

surfaces, remove them with a soft leather or

linen cloth. Even small traces of finger

perspiration can damage the surfaces of optical

surfaces in a short time. See the chapter, "Care

of the microscope" → p. 64, for additional in-

structions.

• Instructions and list of microscope default

settings (“Identification Sheet”)

The system box contains the microscope acces-

sories:

• Tube

• Eyepieces

Caution!

• Objectives

Do not yet connect the microscope and pe-

ripherals to the power supply at this point!

• Condenser

• Lamp housings with accessories

• Fitting tool

• Depending on configuration, additional micro-

scope accessories such as filter cubes, etc.

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4. Unpacking the Microscope

Installation location

Transport

Work with the microscope should be performed For shipping or transporting the microscope

in a dust-free room, which is free of oil vapors and its accessory components, the original

and other chemical vapors, as well as extreme packaging should be used.

humidity. At the workplace, large temperature

fluctuations, direct sunlight and vibrations As a precaution to prevent damage from vibra-

should be avoided. These conditions can distort tions, the following components should be disas-

measurements and micrographic images.

sembled and packaged separately:

• Unscrew the objectives.

• Remove the condenser.

Allowable ambient conditions

Temperature

15-35°C

Relative humidity

maximum 80% up to 30°C

Microscopes in warm and warm-damp climatic • Remove the stage.

zones require special care in order to prevent

the build up of fungus.

• Remove the lamp housings.

See the chapter, "Care of the microscope" → p. 64,

for additional instructions.

• Disassemble the burner of 106 z lamp housing.

• Remove all moving or loose parts.

Caution:

Electrical components must be assembled at

least 10 cm from the wall and away from

flammable substances.

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5. Assembly

5. Assembling the Microscope

When using intermediate systems and optical

accessories, the sequence may vary.

In this case, read Chapter,

The microscope components are logically as-

sembled in this order:

"5.10 Optional accessories" → p. 29

• Stage

• Condenser

• Tube

• Eyepieces

• Objectives

• Light sources

• Filter cubes/reflectors*

Only a few commonly used screwdrivers and

keys are necessary for assembly, which are in-

cluded in the delivery package.

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5. Assembly

5.1 Stage

• From above, set the stage clamp onto the

dovetail guide (4.2) and push the stage down-

wards until the upper end of the dovetail guide

is tightly fastened to the upper end of the

stage clamp.

Caution:

Before assembling the stage, make sure no ob-

jectives are installed!

• Firmly tighten the stage clamp (4.1).

• Place the specimen holder on the stage and

fasten it with the two screws (3.1).

• Using the condenser height adjuster (3.2), turn

the condenser holder completely upwards, i.e.

as close to the stage as possible.

Note:

For thicker specimens (Leica DM4000 M) the

stage can be set to a correspondingly lower

level.

• Loosen the stage clamp (3.3) slightly.

Fig. 3

Mechanical object stage

Fig. 4

Assembling the stage

Stage clamp

Dovetail guide

Locking screws for specimen holder

Condenser height adjuster

Stage clamp

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5. Assembly

5.2 Condenser

Note:

The condenser must be centered before using

the microscope.

→ Köhler illumination p. 37.

• Using the condenser height adjuster (5.4), turn

the condenser holder (5.1) completely down-

wards.

• Unscrew the clamping screw for the con-

denser (5.3) far enough so that the condenser

can be inserted from the front.

Fig. 6

Underside of condenser

Orientation pin

• From the front, insert the condenser into the

condenser holder as far as it will go. On the

underside of the condenser, there is an orien-

tation pin (6.1), which must be located in the

guiding notch (7.1).

Fig. 7

Condenser holder

• Pull the condenser’s clamping screw (5.3) so

that the condenser is locked in place.

Guiding notch

• Connect the condenser over the connection

(8.1) with the stand.

Fig. 5

Condenser holder

Condenser centering

Fig. 8

Condenser connector

Clamping screw for condenser

Condenser height adjuster

Condenser cable socket

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5. Assembly

Fig. 9

Fastening the tube

5.3 Tube and Eyepieces

Clamping screw

The tube is mounted to the stand either directly or

with the use of intermediate modules. It is fastened

in place with the side clamping screw (9.1).

• Loosen the clamping screw (9.1).

• Insert the tube in the circular receptacle

(dovetail ring).

• Retighten the clamping screw (9.1).

• Only for the MBDT motorized tube:

Connect the tube to the stand with the con-

nector socket (10.1).

Fig. 10 Motorized tube connection

Connector socket

• The eyepieces are inserted into the eyepiece

tubes on the tube.

6.4 Objectives

The receptacles on the objective turrets are

numbered (Fig. 11). The individual objectives

have already pre-assigned positions at the

factory according to their configuration.

A list of the exact objective positions is provided

in shipment. (“Identification Sheet”)

Caution:

Cover unoccupied threads on the turret with

dust protector caps!

Fig. 11

Objective turret

with labeled

objective

receptacles

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5. Assembly

Fig. 12

5.5 Light Sources for the Transmitted Light Axis

Lamp housing 107/2

Releasing the

fastening screw

Caution:

Be sure that the lamp housing is discon-

nected from the power supply. Unplug the

power plug and the power supply during as-

sembly.

107/2 Lamp Housing

This lamp housing is used with a 12V 100W halo-

gen lamp, which is already mounted.

In case the lamp has to be removed:

Fig. 13

Lamp housing 107/2,

opened

Mount with

halogen lamp

Collector

• Remove the fastener screw on the housing

(Fig. 12).

• Remove the housing by pulling it upwards.

• Remove the lamp

• Insert the new 12V 100W lamp (13.1) with dust

cover straight into the socket until it stops. Be

sure that the lamp is inserted straight.

• Remove the lamp’s dust cover.

Fig. 14 Rear side of stand

Incident light lamp housing receptacle

Caution:

Transmitted light lamp housing receptacle

12 V 100 W connection for transmitted light (symbol: ꢀ)

ꢀ

Do not remove the lamp’s dust cover until

you have installed the lamp. Avoid

fingerprints on the lamp.

12 V 100 W connection for incident light (symbol:

)

• Replace the housing and fasten it in place us-

ing the fastening screw.

• Place the lamp housing in the transmitted light

lamp housing receptacle (14.2) and fasten it

with the clamping screw on the side.

3 4

• Connect the lamp housing to the power

supplyfor transmitted light (symbol: ꢀ) (14.3).

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5. Assembly

5.6 Light Sources for the Incident Light Axis

Caution:

This lamp housing is used with a 12V 100W halo-

gen lamp or various gas discharge lamps.

Inserting the 12V 100W halogen lamp into the

106 z lamp housing

During assembly, always unplug the power

supply unit of the 106 z lamp housing from its

socket.

• Unscrew the fastening screws of the cover

and lift up the cover (16.1).

• Unscrew the fastening screws of the lamp

mount (16.8) and pull out the mount (Fig. 17).

Never touch the glass parts of the burner

with bare hands.

Never look directly into the beam path (blind-

ing hazard).

During assembly work on xenon burners, al-

ways wear the supplied protective gloves and

face protection (Fig. 15) (risk of explosion).

106 z lamp housing

Fig. 16 106 z lamp housing (on the side, open)

Cover raised

Collector

12 V 100 W lamp or

gas discharge lamp in mount

Reflector (mirror)

5, 6, 7 Adjusting screw for x-y reflector

Fastening screw for lamp mount

Socket for contact plug

Fig. 15

Protective gloves and mask

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5. Assembly

• Insert the lamp with the dust cover straight • Place the lamp housing in the incident light

into the socket until it stops.

lamp housing receptacle (18.1) and fasten it

with the clamping screw on the side.

• Remove the dust cover.

• Connect the lamp housing to the power supply

ꢀ

• Reinsert the lamp mount and retighten the fas-

tening screw (16.8).

for incident light (symbol ) (18.4).

Caution:

Do not remove the lamp’s dust cover until af-

ter you have installed the lamp. Be certain to

avoid getting fingerprints on the lamp.

• Close the lamp housing and retighten the fas-

tening screws.

Fig. 18 Rear side of stand

Incident light lamp housing receptacle

Transmitted light lamp housing receptacle

12 V 100 W connection for transmitted light (symbol: ꢀ)

ꢀ

12 V 100 W connection for incident light (symbol:

)

Fig. 17 Lamp mount with 12 V 100 W halogen lamp

3 4

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5. Assembly

Inserting the gas discharge lamps (Hg and Xe)

into the 106z lamp housing

Hg and Xe lamps are powered by the separate

ebq 100 supply unit.

Read the separate instruction manual provided

with this supply unit.

The following gas discharge lamps may be used

and require different lamp mounts (Fig. 19):

Type

Typical bulb life*

50 W high-pressure mercury burner (alternating current)

100 W high-pressure mercury burner (direct current, stabilized/not stabilized

100 hrs.

200 hrs.

100 W high-pressure mercury burner (direct current, stabilized/not stabilized, type 103 W/2) 300 hrs.

75 W High-pressure xenon burner (direct current, stabilized)

400 hrs.

* Please regard the data sheets of the burners.

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5. Assembly

• To open the 106 z lamp housing, unscrew the

fastening screws on the cover.

Caution:

• Remove the transport anchorage (red plastic

rod in place of the burner) in the lamp mount.

To do so, remove the lower clamp (19.1). Pull

up the cooling element (19.3) and turn it to the

side. Detach the lower clamp system (19.2)

and remove the transport anchorage.

Hg 50 burner:

After installation, the labeling must be upright.

If a glass melt nipple is present (19a.4), posi-

tion it by turning the burner so that the nipple

does not come in the way of the beam path

later, but instead is positioned sideways.

• Install the burner in mirror image fashion.

Xe 75 burner:

Remove the burner’s dust cover (19b.5) after

you have installed the burner.

Fig. 19 a-d Lamp mounts for gas discharge lamps

Upper clamping system, 2 Lower clamping system, 3 Cooling element

Nipple of the mercury 50 burner, 5 Dust cover of the mercury 75 burner

Hg 50

Xe 75

Hg 100

Stab.

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5. Assembly

• Insert the lamp mount, with the burner in-

stalled, into the lamp housing and tighten it

with the screws (20.8).

• Put the lid down again. Plug in the contact

plug as far as it goes and retighten the

screws.

Fig. 20 106 z lamp housing (on the side, open)

Cover raised

Collector

12 V 100 W lamp or

gas discharge lamp in mount

Reflector (mirror)

• Place the lamp housing in the incident light

lamp housing receptacle (21.1) and fasten it

with the clamping screw on the side.

5, 6, 7 Adjusting screw for x-y reflector

Fastening screw for lamp mount

Socket for contact plug

• Connect the lamp housing to the power supply

(22.1).

Fig. 21 Rear side of stand

Incident light lamp housing receptacle

Transmitted light lamp housing receptacle

12 V 100 W connection for transmitted light (symbol: ꢀ)

ꢀ

12 V 100 W connection for incident light (symbol:

)

Fig. 22 Rear side of the ebq 100 supply unit

Lamp connection

3 4

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5. Assembly

Fig. 23 Filter cube

Fig. 24 Filter cube

5.7 Equipping the Incident Light filter turret

front side

back side

The receptacles on the turret are numbered.

According to your equipment, the individual filter

and/or reflector cubes have already pre-

assigned positions. A list is provided along with

your shipment (“Identification Sheet”).

Insert the filter and reflector cubes in the follow-

ing manner:

• Equip the incident light turret only when the

microscope is switched off.

Fig. 25 Removing the front panel

Filter receptacle

Retention pin

Front panel

• Remove the face plate from the upper part of

the microscope (Fig. 25). Turn the turret in any

direction until the locking pin engages.

• Insert the filter or reflector cube into the

mounting in front of you according to the

identification sheet provided.

To do so, place the filter or reflector cube on

the right side and press it to the left into the

mounting (Fig. 26).

• Push the retention pin (25.2) and continue to

turn the filter turret until you reach the next

locking position.

• Again make sure that the turret engages

(retention pin unlocks) and insert the next

filter and/or reflector cube as described

above.

Fig. 26 Inserting the filter or reflector cubes

Mounting

• When all filters and reflector cubes have been

inserted, close the front cover plate again.

5.8 Polarizer and Analyzer

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5. Assembly

Fig. 27 Assembly of the ICT/P transmitted light polarizer

ICT/P transmitted light polarizer

Clamping screw

• Using the left clamping screw, fasten the ICT/P

transmitted light polarizer to the underside of

the condenser holder (Fig. 27).

• Make sure that the red index point on the front

of the polarizer is aligned with 0.

• If necessary, insert the compensators (λ- and

λ/4 plates) into the polarizer’s receptacle

(Fig. 28).

Fig. 28 Inserting the compensators

Incident light polarizers:

R/P polarizer, rotating polarizer

L/ICR, R/ICR polarizer

• Remove the plug cap on the right side of the

incident light axis (Fig. 29).

Fig. 29 Inserting the polarizer

The plug cap is replaced with the polarizer.

• Insert the polarizer into the receptacle until it

latches in place.

Motorized polarizer

• A motorized polarizer is already installed and

ready for operation in the DIC condenser.

Transmitted light and incident light analyzer

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5. Assembly

• Remove the plug cap on the left side of the • Insert the objective prism into the tube slot

stand.

(Fig. 31.1). The code letter must match the

code letter on the objective.

• Insert the polarizer into the receptacle until it

latches in place (Fig. 30).

• With the microscope Leica DM5000 B the DIC

objective prisms are already mounted in the

DIC turret above the objective revolving

nosepiece(Fig. 68).

Motorized analyzer

• Insert the analyzer cube as described in sec-

tion 5.7 "Equipping the Incident Light filter

turret" → p. 26, in the corresponding position

on the filter turret. See the list provided

(“identification Sheet”) for the correct

position.

5.10 Optional Accessories

6.9 DIC Prisms

Fig. 31 Inserting the objective prism slide

Fig. 30 Inserting the analyzer

Objective prism slide

The plug cap is replaced with the analyzer.

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5. Assembly

Ergomodule

• Remove the clamping ring from the filter slide.

For raising the eye level of the tube opening, the

ergomodule may be used.

It is fastened in place with the side clamping

screw.

• Insert the Booster Lens or Excitation

Manager.

• Push the cover back.

• Insert the clamping ring.

Mirror Housing

• Place the mirror housing directly onto the

lamp housing receptacle on the back of the

stand and attach it using the side clamping

screw.

• Insert the filter slide into the front receptacle

on the right side of the stand (32.1, 33.1).

• Using two filter sliders, the Excitation

Manager can be inserted into the back

receptacle.

• Place the lamp housing onto the mirror hous-

ing and fasten it using the corresponding

clamping screw on the side.

5.11 Connection to the Power Supply

Booster Lens / Excitation Manager

Fig. 32

Fig. 33

Insert of Booster Lens

Insert of Excitation Manager

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5. Assembly

After completing the assembly work, connect Only for the Leica DM5000 B:

the stand to the power supply using the power

cable (Fig. 34.2).

• Connect the microscope (36.1) to the

5.12 Connection to the CTR5000 Electronics Box

"Microscope" jack (35.1) on the rear of the

electronics box. Use the cable with the 25-pin

plug.

Fig. 34 Rear side of stand Leica DM4000 B/M

Power switch

Power supply

• Connect the electronics box to the power sup-

ply using the power cable (35.2).

Fig. 35 Rear side of electronics box CTR5000

Fig. 36 Rear side of stand Leica DM5000 B

Microscope connection

Power supply

Connection to the CTR5000 electronics box

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6. Startup

6.1 Functional Principle

The microscope’s most important functions may be easily accessed using function keys.

• The microscope may be switched between various contrast processes by pressing a single button.

• The microscope recognizes the objective chosen and the respective contrast process. There-

fore, the values for intensity (INT), aperture diaphragm (AP) and field diaphragm (FD) are al-

ways set correctly.

• The values for INT, AP and FD can be changed individually. This overwrites the previous

setting. Actual settings are stored automatically.

• The specifications for INT, AP and FD always relate to the currently activated light axis (trans-

mitted light or incident light).

• In addition to the preset function keys for INT, AP and FD, there are also variable function keys.

Variable function keys:

• These function keys are assigned logical functions before delivery(see “Identification Sheet”)

• These functions can be reprogrammed according to your individual wishes.

Note: (Reset-Function)

The microscope can be reset to the default functions programmed at the factory:

• When the microscope is switched off, press all 3 variable function keys on the left stand

section.

• Switch on the stand.

• Hold the keys pressed down until initialization is complete.

• The standard information is shown in the display.

• Switch off the instrument and switch it on again. The settings are stored now.

6.2 Switching on the Microscope

• First, swivel the objective with the least magnification into position.

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6. Startup

Possible Assignments for the Function Keys

For Leica DM4000 B/DM5000 B:

Function key

Meaning

Bright field (Transmitted light)

ICT

Phase contrast (Transmitted light)

Interference contrast (Transmitted light)

Dark field (Transmitted light)

POL

Polarization (Transmitted light)

CHANGE TL

Switch through all transmitted light processes

INT ↑

INT ↓

Increase brightness (transmitted light)

Reduce brightness (transmitted light)

Open aperture diaphragm (transmitted light)

Close aperture diaphragm (transmitted light)

Open field diaphragm (transmitted light)

Close field diaphragm (transmitted light)

↑

AP ↓

↑

↓

SHUTTER TL

Open/close transmitted light shutter

FLUO

Fluorescence (last filter cube)

CUBE 1

Select fluorescence cube at position 1

CHANGE CUBE

SHUTTER FLUO

Switch through fluorescence cubes in clockwise fashion

Switch through fluorescence cubes in counterclockwise fashion

Open/close fluorescence shutter

INT FLUO ↑

INT FLUO ↓

FD FLUO ↑

FD FLUO ↓

Increase brightness (fluorescence)

Reduce brightness (fluorescence)

Open field diaphragm (fluorescence)

COMBI

Combination mode

(PH / fluorescence or ICT / fluorescence)

CHANGE COMBI | Switch through all combination modes

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6. Startup

For Leica DM4000 M:

Function key

Meaning

Bright field (Incident light)

ICR

Interference contrast (Incident light)

Dark field (Incident light)

POL

Polarization (Incident light)

CHANGE RL

Switch through all incident light processes

INT ↑

INT ↓

Increase brightness (incident light)

Reduce brightness (incident light)

AP ↓

↑

Open aperture diaphragm (incident light)

Close aperture diaphragm (incident light)

Open field diaphragm (incident light)

Close field diaphragm (incident light)

↑

↓

SHUTTER RL

Open/close incident light shutter

FLUO

Fluorescence (last filter cube)

CUBE 1

Select fluorescence cube at position 1

Switch through fluorescence cubes

CHANGE FLUO

FOCUS FINDER

Select smallest field diaphragm and switch back to original field

diaphragm by pressing the key again

BF TL

INT ↑

INT ↓

Bright field (Transmitted light )

Increase brightness (transmitted light)

Reduce brightness (transmitted light)

Open aperture diaphragm (transmitted light)

Close aperture diaphragm (transmitted light)

Open field diaphragm (transmitted light)

Close field diaphragm (transmitted light)

↑

AP ↓

↑

↓

COMBI |

Combination process (BF and BF TL)

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6. Startup

• Switch-on the microscope at the power

switch (34.1,36.1). All motorized microscope

components first undergo an initialization

phase.

After turning on the gas discharge lamps, the

burner must be immediately adjusted. There-

fore, do not turn on the power supply unit

yet. First, work in transmitted light in order to

familiarize yourself with the microscope’s

controls.

After initialization is complete, the display on the

stand shows the current microscope setting (Fig.

37).

6.3 The Display (Leica DM4000 B/DM4000 M)

The microscopic components such as dia-

phragms, condenser, light and phase rings are

already pre-centered in the factory. However,

re-centering may be necessary due to transpor-

tation and assembly.

Before proceeding with the necessary steps,

first familiarize yourself with the stand’s display

and control panel.

Caution:

Fig. 37 Display after initialization

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6. Startup

The display shows the current microscope set- ꢂ ꢃ

tings. The display depends on the microscope’s

Light Intensity

configuration. In the first column, corresponding

pictograms indicate the type of information: con-

trast method, magnification, light intensity, dia-

phragms, light splitting for photo tubes.

Please see the abbreviation index for a list of ab-

breviations and pictograms used → p. 67.

The actual brightness setting is graphically de-

picted by a beam. Additionally, the light intensity

is indicated in 20 (coarse adjustment) or in 255

(fine adjustment) increments → p. 52.

ꢂ ꢃ

Diaphragms

Contrast Method

The values for the field diaphragm (FD) and the

aperture diaphragm (AP) are indicated numeri-

cally. The field diaphragm may be either round or

rectangular. Accordingly, the FD designation is

set in parentheses or in brackets: (FD) or [FD].

In the first row, you find an indication of the ac-

tive light axis (transmitted light or incident light)

of the current contrast method and the current

filter cube.

Note:

The shutter status is displayed for the

transmitted light or incident light shutter:

When using a digital camera, rectangular field

diaphragms are recommended.

Transmitted light shutter open

↑

Transmitted light shutter closed

Beam splitting

Incident light shutter open

Incident light shutter closed

↓

If a motorized tube is used, the light splitting

between ocular (Eye) and photo output (Docu) is

indicated in %.

Magnification

The current objective magnification, sometimes

followed by the re-magnification of the magnifi-

cation changer, appears along with the total

magnification:

Note:

The display may flash after the initialization

phase or even during microscopy session. This

always occurs when the contrast method

selected can not be performed with the actual

microscopic settings. For example, an objective

may be swiveled in that is not suited to the

contrast method chosen.

Σ = Objective x Re-magnification x Eyepiece

6.4 The Function Keys

Then check your settings.

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6. Startup

There is a row of function keys both on the right

and left side of the stand. Some of these keys Variable function keys:

are defined, and some of them are variable. The A factory preset is performed which fits your

variable function keys have various meanings microscope configuration. The function keys are

depending on the microscope configuration.

labeled accordingly, and a separate description

of the key occupation accompanies the

Defined Function Keys on the left side of the microscope (“Identification Sheet”).

stand

The TL/IL key (38.1) switches between incident Abbreations are listed on p.32f.

light and transmitted light. The last contrast

method used is restored.

The INT (38.3) keys adjust the light intensity indi- 6.5 Köhler Illumination

vidually. Settings can be made either in large or

For each objective, optimal values for the aper-

small increments. Pushing both INT buttons at

the same time switches between coarse and

fine setting. The display indicator changes

accordingly → p. 52.

ture diaphragm and the field diaphragm are al-

ready set. The condenser is also already

adjusted in the factory.

The AP (38.4) keys for the aperture diaphragm

and FD (38.2) for the field diaphragm are used

to set each diaphragm. The optimal values are

automatically preset when selecting the con-

trast method.

Fig. 38 Defined Function Keys

Transmitted light/incident light

Field diaphragm

Light Intensity

Aperture diaphragm

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6. Startup

However, depending on how the condenser is • Insert the specimen in the stage’s specimen

disassembled and reassembled, it may be nec-

essary to re-adjust the condenser in some

holder (39.3).

cases. Therefore, check the condenser • Focus on the specimen. The focus wheel on

centering.

the left side of the stage allows focus adjust-

ment in large and small increments. On the

right side of the stage, there is also a focus

wheel for fine focus adjustment.

The following procedure is provided for the

transmitted light-bright field illumination.

• Select an objective with moderate • Set the light intensity using the INT keys (38.3).

magnification (10x-40x).

• Close the field diaphragm with the FD function

• Activate the transmitted light axis by pushing

the TL/IL button (38.1). "TL" appears in the first

line of the display.

key (38.2) until the edge of the diaphragm ap-

pears in the specimen plane.

• Using the condenser height adjuster (39.4), ad-

just the condenser until the edge of the field

diaphragm appears in sharp relief.

• If the image does not appear in the middle of

the field of view (41c), the condenser must be

moved into the middle of the field of view with

the help of the two leveling screws (40.1).

• Choose "bright field" as the contrast method by

pressing the BF (one of the variable function

keys, behind the focus dials).

"TL BF" appears in the first line of the display.

Fig. 39 Stage with specimen holder

Object motion (X direction)

Object motion (Y direction)

Specimen holder

Condenser height adjuster

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6. Startup

• Open the field diaphragm just enough for it to Do not adjust the aperture diaphragm. The aper-

disappear from the field of view (41d).

ture diaphragm is already set optimally for each

objective.

6.6. Checking Phase Contrast Rings

Caution:

Fig. 40 Condenser centering

Fig. 41 Köhler Illumination

Centering bolts

Field diaphragm not focused, not centered

Field diaphragm focused, but not centered

Field diaphragm focused and centered

Diameter is too small, however

Field diameter (light) = Field diameter (view)

(Köhler Illumination)

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6. Startup

If your microscope is equipped for the use of

phase contrast, the light rings that fit the objec- • In the place of an eyepiece, insert the focus-

tives are built into the condenser.

The light rings are already leveled in the factory.

However, the leveling should be rechecked.

ing telescope (Fig. 42) into the observation

tube.

• Swivel in the phase contrast objective with

the least magnification.

Note:

• Focus the ring structure (43a) by slightly loos-

ening the clamping ring (42.2) and moving the

eyelens (42.1).

Every objective is assigned its own light ring in

the condenser disc. Therefore, a check must be

performed for each objective. When swiveling in

a suitable objective for phase contrast, the cor-

responding light ring is set automatically.

• Retighten the clamping ring.

• Press the PH (Phase Contrast) button. The ring

diaphragm in the condenser is pivoted in.

• Press the BF (Bright Field) button (one of the

variable function keys, behind the focus dials).

• If the light ring and the phase ring are not

shown as arranged in Fig. 43c, the light ring

must be leveled.

Fig. 42 Focusing telescope

Fig. 43 Phase contrast centering procedure

Adjustable eyelens

PH=phase contrast ring, LR=light ring

Clamping ring for fixing the focus position

Condenser in bright field (BF) position

Condenser in phase contrast (PH) position

Light ring (LR) not centered

Light ring and phase ring centered

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6. Startup

Fig. 44 Light ring centering

• Insert the centering key through the corre-

sponding openings (44.1) in the condenser

holder.

Clamping screw

• Turn the centering screws until the dark ring

(phase ring in the objective) is congruent with

the slightly narrower bright ring (light ring in

condenser) (43 c).

• Repeat the process for all other phase con-

trast objectives.

• Remove the centering keys after the centering

procedure.

Note:

During change of objectives the centering keys

must not remain in the openings of the

condenser.

6.7 Adjusting the Light Sources

Transmitted Light Axis (TL) with 107/2 Lamp

housing

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6. Startup

The 107/2 lamp housing with 12 V 100 W halogen

lamp has a defined presetting. The lamp need

not to be centered.

When switching to the BF or Smith reflectors,

there is a danger of being glared!

For the 106 z lamp housing, the direct filament im-

age (for halogen lamps) or direct arc image (for gas

discharge lamps), and its mirror image are focused

Incident light axis (IL) with 106 z lamp housing

• When a supply unit is used, it is turned on first. separately and adjusted to each other.

• Activate the incident light axis using the TL/IL On the left side of the microscope, there is an

function key. FLUO (Leica DM4000 B/ DM5000 B) adjustment window (1.14, p. 12) for mapping the

or IL (Leica DM4000 M) appears in the display. light source.

• Insert the reflector for lamp adjustment While observing the light source in the adjust-

(Fig. 45) into the filter turret in place of a filter ment window, the lamp is adjusted as follows:

cube. (See → p. 26).

Note the name of the exchanged filter cube.

Centering the 12 V 100 W Halogen Lamp

• Turn the reflector into the light path.

The reflector has reached the correct position

when the name of the exchanged filter cube is

shown in the upper right of the display.

Fig. 46 106 z lamp housing

Lamp height adjustment

2,4 Mirror image height and side adjustment

Caution:

Focusing the reflector

Lamp side adjustment

Never look directly into the light path!

Collector (focusing of the lamp image)

Fig. 45 Reflector cube for lamp adjustment

(similar to illustration)

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6. Startup

Fig. 47 Direct lamp filament image focused,

but not centered

• In the adjustment window, you see the direct

filament image and the mirror image, which in

most cases are shifted together.

(in reality, the image is less focused)

• Focus the direct filament image with the col-

lector (46.6).

• Use the adjusting buttons on the rear side of

the lamp housing (46.2, 46.4) to pivot the lamp

filament’s mirror image to the side or com-

pletely out of the beam path. The lamp fila-

ment’s focused image remains visible (Fig. 47).

• Adjust the direct filament image using the ad-

justing knobs (46.1) and (46.5) so that the

centering surface is halfway covered (Fig. 48).

Fig. 48 Direct lamp filament image in target position

(in reality, the image is less focused)

• Then pivot the lamp filament’s mirror image

with the adjusting knobs (46.2 and 4), and

focus it using the reflector (46.3).

• Align the mirror image symmetrically to the fil-

ament image (Fig. 49). To do so, use the adjust-

ing knobs (46.2) and (46.4) again.

• Defocus the image with the collector head

(46.6) until the filament image and mirror im-

age are no longer recognizable and the image

is uniformly illuminated.

• Exchange the reflector cube for lamp

adjustment for the original filter cube.

Note:

Turn off the microscope before exchanging

the reflector cube.

Fig. 49 Direct lamp filament image and mirror image in

target position

(in reality, the image is less focused)

Centering the Hg 50 W mercury lamp

• In the adjustment window, you see the direct

arc image and the mirror image, which in most

cases are shifted together.

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6. Startup

Fig. 50 Direct arc image focused but decentered

(in reality, the image is less focused)

• Focus the direct image with the collector

(46.6).

• Use the adjusting buttons on the rear side of

the lamp housing (46.2,46.4) to pivot the arc’s

mirror image to the side or completely out of

the beam path. The lamp filament’s focused

image remains visible (Fig. 50).

• Use the adjusting buttons (46.1) and (46.5) to

place the direct arc image right or left on an

imaginary center line of the centering plane

(Fig. 51).

• Then pivot the arc’s mirror image with the ad-

justing knobs (46.2 and 4) and focus it using

the reflector (46.3).

Fig. 51 Direct arc image in target position

(in reality, the image is less focused)

• Use the adjusting knobs (46.2 and 4) to orient

the mirror image symmetrically to the direct

image (Fig. 52).

• Defocus the image with the collector knob

(46.6) until the arc image and mirror image are

no longer recognizable and the image is

uniformly illuminated.

• Exchange the reflector cube for lamp

adjustment for the original filter cube.

Fig. 52 Direct arc image and mirror image in target

Centering the Hg 100 W and Xe 75 W

mercury lamps

position (in reality, the image is less focused)

• In the adjustment window, you see the direct

arc image and the mirror image, which in most

cases are shifted together.

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6. Startup

Fig. 53 Direct arc image focused but not centered

(in reality, the image is less focused)

• Focus the direct image with the collector

(46.6).

• Use the adjusting buttons to pivot the arc’s

mirror image on the rear side of the lamp

housing (46.2,46.4) to the side or completely

out of the beam path. The arc’s focused im-

age remains visible (Fig. 53).

• Use the adjusting buttons (46.1 and 5) to place

the direct arc image in the middle of the

centering plane, whereby the bright tip of the

arc, the focal spot, should lie slightly outside

the center (Fig. 54).

Fig. 54 Direct arc image in target position

• Then pivot the arc’s mirror image with the ad-

justing knobs (46.2) and (46.4) and focus it us-

ing the reflector (46.3).

(in reality, the image is less focused)

• Use the adjusting knobs (46.2 and 4) to orient

the mirror image symmetrically to the direct

image (Fig. 55).

The V-shaped irradiation of the direct image

and mirror image arcs can be superimposed.

Caution:

The bright tips of the arcs, the focal spots, must

never be projected onto each other, as this re-

sults in a danger of explosion by overheating.

Fig. 55 Direct arc image and mirror image in target

position (in reality, the image is less focused)

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6. Startup

In older lamps, the structure of the arc is no

longer clearly recognizable. The image is

then more like that of a HG 50 lamp. The im-

age and mirror image can no longer be su-

perimposed exactly. In this case, align both

images.

• Using the collector, defocus the image with

the knob (46.6) until the arc image and mirror

image are no longer recognizable and the im-

age is uniformly illuminated.

• Exchange the reflector cube for lamp

adjustment for the original filter cube.

Note:

Turn off the microscope before exchanging

the reflector cube.

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7. Operation

7.1 Switching on the Microscope

7.2 Stages and Specimen Displacement

Lengthening the coaxial pinion

When using a gas discharge lamp, the ebq 100

external supply unit must be turned on

separately (56.1).

Then switch-on the microscope at the power

switch.

All motorized microscope components first un-

dergo an initialization phase.

• For lengthening, pull the lower grip (58.2)

downwards. Repeat with the upper grip (58.1).

After the initialization is complete, the display on

the stand (Fig. 57) shows the current microscope

setting.

Torque adjustment

The torque is already optimally set at the factory,

however, it can be individually adjusted using

two knurled rings (58.3, 58.4).

Fig. 56 Front view of the ebq 100 supply unit

Power switch

Lamp status

Fig. 58 Revolving object stage

Object motion (Y direction)

Object motion (X direction)

Torque adjustment (Y direction)

Torque adjustment (X direction)

Focus dial for fine focusing

Fig. 57 Display after initialization

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7. Operation

Rotating the Stage

The swiveling range of the rotating stages is There is a focus dial on the left side of the stage for

0°- 110°. coarse and fine focus adjustment (Fig. 59).

7.3 Focusing

• In order to revolve the stage, loosen the fas- On the right side of the stand, there is also a

tening screw (59.1).

focus dial, which is used exclusively for fine

focusing (58.4).

• Bring the table into the desired position.

• Retighten the fastening screw.

The special design of this dial makes it possible

to simultaneously grasp the coaxial drive with

your hand while operating the fine drive with

one finger.

Fig. 59 Revolving object stage

Clamping screw

Fine focusing

Coarse focusing

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7. Operation

7.4 Tubes

Adjusting the Viewing Angle

• For the AET22 and EDT22 ergotubes, the view-

ing angle can be adjusted by tilting the binocu-

lar viewer in the range of 5° - 32° (Fig. 61).

Note:

Close any unused tube openings, as otherwise

stray light can interfere with observation.

Adjusting the Eyepiece Extension to the Arm

Length

Note:

• With the AET22 tube, the eyepieces can be

extended up to 30 mm (Fig. 61).

Make sure that the connector cable is plugged in

on the MBDT25+ motorized tube (60.1).

Adjusting the Viewing Distance

• Adjust the viewing distance of the eye-

pieces so that a congruent total image is seen

(Fig. 60).

Fig. 60 Tube setting

Fig. 61 With AET22 tube individual adjustments

↔

Personal eyebase settings

Motorized tube connection

↔

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7. Operation

Beam Splitting in Photo Tubes

7.5 Eyepieces

EDT22 tube:

The beam splitting between the observation and

documentation outputs has a definite presetting

(50:50).

Note:

The eyepiece’s aperture protector must be

removed,or at least folded back, during

microscopy while wearing eyeglasses.

Eyeglasses with multifocal lenses (bifocals and

smooth view glasses) must be removed while

operating the microscope.

BDT25+ tube:

The beam splitting is set manually by pulling out

a control bar.

Control Bar

VIS

Observation

100 %

Photo

0 %

50/50

PHOTO

150 %

110 %

50 %

100 %

• For the adjustable tubes with documentation

output, choose the 100% position.

MBDT25+ tube:

This tube is similar to the documentation tube

BDT25+, but it is motorized.

Eyepieces with Inlaid Reticle

•

Focus the reticle by adjusting the eyelens.

Focus on the object through this eyepiece.

The control positions are selected using a vari-

able function key on the stand.

HC L 2TU tube:

The beam splitting is set manually by pulling out

a control bar.

Then, close that eye and focus on the

specimen by adjusting only the second

ocular.

Control Bar

VIS

Observation

100 %

Photo

0 %

Correction for Vision Problems

PHOTO

110 %

100 %

•

With your right eye, look through the right

eyepiece and bring the specimen into sharp

focus.

Fig. 62 BDT25+ tube with digital camera

Control bar

•

Then, with your left eye, view the same speci-

men and rotate the left eyepiece tube until

the object is brought into sharp focus. Do not

use the focus dial.

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7. Operation

• Start with a small level of magnification. Then

switch to the next higher objective.

7.6 Objectives

The objective must be moved manually into the

light path. Be sure that the nosepiece turret

locks into place.

• For immersion objectives use the appropriate

immersion medium.

OIL: only use optical immersion oil

according to DIN/ISO standards.

Cleaning → p. 65.

The objective’s position in the turret is factory-

set and must be adhered to while screwing in

the objectives (see Objective Assembly → p. 19)

Water immersion.

IMM: Universal objective for water, glycerol,

oil immersion.

When you rotate the objective into position, the

microscope automatically recognizes:

Caution!

• the selected contrast method

Follow safety instructions for immersion oil!

• the optimal settings for field and aperture

diaphragm

• the optimal condenser setting

The objective magnification and the total magni-

fication appear in the display → p. 35.

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7. Operation

For lockable immersion objectives:

7.7 Magnification Changer

• Lock these by pushing the front part upwards Optionally, a coded magnification changer can

until it stops (approx. 2 mm).

be used, which is manually operated.

On the knurled ring, the following magnification

• Then, after a gentle turning motion to the right, factors can be set:

the objective is locked (Fig. 64).

B Stand

M Stand

For objectives with corrective mounts:

1.25x

1.6x

1.5x

• Turn the knurl to adjust the objective to the

thickness of the cover glass.

The selected factor is indicated in the display

and included in the total magnification.

Fig. 63 Immersion objective (released)

Fig. 64 Immersion objective (locked)

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7. Operation

7.8 Light Sources

7.9 Aperture Diaphragm and Field Diaphragm

• The brightness is set using the function keys Both diaphragms are already factory-set to the

(65.5). Then, the INT function keys are as- optimum setting for the current objective.

signed to the currently active axis for trans-

mitted light (TL) or incident light (IL).

• The AP (65.2) keys for the aperture diaphragm

and the FD keys (65.4) for the field diaphragm

may be used to change each diaphragm’s set-

ting at any time.

Then, the function keys are assigned to the

currently active axis for transmitted light (TL)

or incident light (IL).

• For TL and IL:

Settings can be made either in large or small

increments. Pushing both INT buttons

simultaneously switches between coarse and

fine setting. The display indicator changes ac-

cordingly.

0-20

Coarse adjustment:

======

Caution:

When doing so, old values are overwritten and

the new values are stored!

0-255

Fine adjustment:

• For Fluo:

----------

Caution:

The brightness is set in 5 fixed steps (FIM):

100% / 55% / 35% / 20% / 10%

While using PH or DF the aperture diaphragm is

completely opened and locked.

Fig. 645 Control panel

Variable function keys

Aperture diaphragm

Transmitted light/incident light

Field diaphragm

Light intensity

3 4

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8. Imaging Procedure for Leica DM4000 B/DM5000 B

8. Imaging Procedure

for Leica DM4000 B/ Leica DM5000 B

8.1 Transmitted Light

8.1.2 Phase Contrast

8.1.1 Bright Field (TL)

• Switch to the transmitted light axis (TL) by

pushing the TL/IL button.

• Switch to the transmitted light axis (TL) by

pushing the TL/IL button.

• Select the PH contrast (phase contrast) method.

Do so by pressing the PH variable key.

Alternatively: Press the CHANGE TL |

variable key.

(For key occupation please see “Identification

Sheet”.)

• Select the BF (bright field) contrast method.

Do so by pressing the BF variable key.

Alternatively: Press the CHANGE TL |

variable key.

(For key occupation please see “Identification

Sheet”.)

The display indicates PH.

The display indicates BF.

• Insert a transmitted light specimen.

• Rotate an appropriate objective into place.

Objectives that are suitable for phase contrast

are engraved with PH.

• Rotate an appropriate objective into place.

• Bring the image into focus using the focus dial

and set the brightness using the INT function

key.

• Bring the image into focus using the focus dial

and set the brightness using the INT function

key.

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8. Imaging Procedure for Leica DM4000 B/DM5000 B

8.1.3 Dark Field (TL)

Notes:

• Switch to the transmitted light axis (TL) by

pushing the TL/IL button.

• The microscope automatically selects the

correct light ring in the condenser.

• Select the DF (dark field) contrast method.

Do so by pressing the DF variable key.

• When selecting the phase contrast method,

the aperture diaphragm is opened completely

and may not be adjusted. To avoid errors in

operation, the function keys for setting the ap-

erture diaphragm (AP) are locked.

Alternatively: Press the CHANGE TL

variable key.

(For key occupation please see “Identification

Sheet”.)

The display indicates DF.

The dark field ring (dark field stop) is set au-

tomatically.

• Insert a transmitted light specimen.

• Rotate an appropriate objective into place.

• Bring the image into focus using the focus dial

and set the brightness using the INT function

key.

Notes:

• The maximum objective aperture which may

be used for dark field is 0.75. All objectives

with greater aperture are automatically

blocked for this procedure ("DF" flashes in the

display).

• The microscope automatically selects the

correct light ring in the condenser.

• When selecting the dark field method, the

aperture diaphragm is opened completely and

may not be adjusted. To avoid errors in opera-

tion, the function keys for setting the aperture

diaphragm (AP) are locked.

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8. Imaging Procedure for Leica DM4000 B/DM5000 B

8.1.4 Polarization (TL)

• Bring the polarizer and analyzer into cross po-

sition until they reach maximum darkness.

• Switch to the transmitted light axis (TL) by

pushing the TL/IL button.

• Insert a specimen and rotate a suitable objec-

tive into place.

• Select the POL (polarization) contrast method.

Do so by pressing the POL variable key.

Alternatively: Press the CHANGE TL

Motorized procedure:

variable key.

(For key occupation please see “Identification

Sheet”.)

• After selecting the POL contrast method, the

condenser automatically switches to the posi-

tion of the polarizer. The analyzer cube is also

automatically brought into the light path.

The display indicates POL.

Combined procedure:

Mechanical procedure:

• For the Leica DM4000 B and Leica DM5000 B

microscopes, it is possible to combine

mechanical and motorized components.

• Turn the polarizer on the underside of the

condenser in the light path (Fig. 66). Make sure

that the red index point on the front of the

polarizer is aligned with 0.

• Insert the analyzer into the left side of the

stand (67.1).

Fig. 66 Swivel in polarizer

Fig. 67 Insert analyzer

Polarizer

Analyzer

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8. Imaging Procedure for Leica DM4000 B/DM5000 B

8.1.5 Differential Interference Contrast (TL)

Alternatively:

• Manually rotate the polarizer on the underside

of the condenser into the light path (Fig. 66).

(only for DM5000 B)

• Switch to the transmitted light axis (TL) by

pushing the TL/IL button.

• Likewise, manually insert the analyzer into the

left side of the stand (Fig. 67).

Objective and coindenser prisms are

automatically moved into the light path as

well.

• Insert a specimen and rotate a suitable objec-

tive into place.

• Select the DIC contrast method.

Do so by pressing the DIC variable key.

Alternatively: Press the CHANGE TL

• Fine adjustment is possible using the knurled

ring above the objective nosepiece.

variable key.

(For key occupation please see “Identification

Sheet”.)

The display indicates ICT.

• The polarizer located in the condenser and the

fitting condenser prism are automatically

brought into the light path. The corresponding

objective prism and the analyzer cube are also

positioned automatically.

• For fine adjustment use the knurled ring above

the objective nose piece (Fig. 68).

Fig. 68 Objective prism slide

Knurled wheel for fine adjusting

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8. Imaging Procedure for Leica DM4000 B/DM5000 B

8.2 Fluorescence

• The fluorescence intensity can be increased

using the Booster Lens on the right side of the

stand (Fig. 69).

• Switch to the fluorescent light axis (FLUO) by

pushing the TL/IL button.

• For multifluorescence, use of a Excitation

Manager is recommended. The Excitation

Manager is inserted into the right side of the

stand up to the last stop (Fig. 70).

• Insert a specimen and rotate a suitable objec-

tive into place.

• The current fluorescence cube is indicated on

the display.

• Using Booster Lens and Excitation Manager,

the Excitation Manager can be inserted into

the back receptacle.

• Closing the incident light shutter protects your

specimen from fading.

Do so by pressing the SHUTTER variable key.

(For key occupation please see “Identification

Sheet”.)

The display indicates the symbol: ↓

• Selecting the fluorescence filter cube:

Press the variable keys

Cube

or Cube

Fig. 69 Inserting the Booster Lens

Fig. 70 Inserting the Excitation Manager

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9. Imaging Procedure for Leica DM4000 M

9. Imaging procedure

for Leica DM4000 M

9.1 Incident Light

9.1.1 Bright Field

9.1.2 Dark Field

• Switch to the incident light axis (IL) by pushing

the TL/IL button.

• Switch to the incident light axis (IL) by pushing

the TL/IL button.

• Select the DF (dark field) contrast method.

Do so by pressing the DF variable key.

• Select the BF (bright field) contrast method.

Do so by pressing the BF variable key.

Alternatively: Press the CHANGE RL |

variable key.

(For key occupation please see “Identification

Sheet”.)

Alternatively: Press the CHANGE RL

variable key.

(For key occupation please see “Identification

Sheet”.)

The display indicates DF.

The DF reflector is turned into the beam

path.

The display indicates BF.

• Insert a specimen.

• Rotate an appropriate objective into place.

• Bring the image into focus using the focus dial

and set the brightness using the INT function

key.

• Bring the image into focus using the focus dial

and set the brightness using the INT function

key.

Notes:

• The maximum objective aperture which may

be used for dark field is 0.75. All objectives

with greater aperture are automatically

blocked for this procedure ("DF" flashes in the

display).

• When selecting the dark field method, the

aperture diaphragm is opened completely and

may not be adjusted. To avoid errors in opera-

tion, the function keys for setting the aperture

diaphragm (AP) are locked.

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9. Imaging Procedure for Leica DM4000 M

Automatic procedure:

9.1.3 Polarization

• Switch to the incident light axis (IL) by pushing • The ICR filter cube is automatically brought

the TL/IL button.

into the light path.

• Select the POL (polarization) contrast method.

Do so by pressing the POL variable key.

Alternatively: Press the CHANGE RL |

variable key.

(For key occupation please see “Identification

Sheet”.)

Mechanical procedure:

• Rotate the appropriate polarizer (71.3) and the

IC/P analyzer (72.1) on the stand manually into

the light path. Also bring the polarizer and

analyzer into cross position until they reach

maximum darkness.

The display indicates POL.

• Insert a specimen and rotate a suitable objec-

tive into place.

Fig. 71 Objective prism slide

Knurled wheel for fine focusing

Prism slot with inserted objective prism slide

Insert polarizer

Fig. 72

Insert analyzer

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9. Imaging Procedure for Leica DM4000 M

9.1.4 Interference Contrast

9.2 Transmitted Light

• Switch to the incident light axis (IL) by pushing 9.2.1 Bright Field

the TL/IL button.

• Switch to the transmitted light axis by pushing

the TL/IL button.

• Insert a specimen and rotate a suitable objec-

tive into place.

• Select the BF (bright field) contrast method.

Do so by pressing the BF variable key.

• Select the DIC contrast method.

Do so by pressing the DIC variable key.

Alternatively: Press the CHANGE RL |

variable key.

(For key occupation please see “Identification

Sheet”.)

Alternatively: Press the CHANGE RL

variable key.

(For key occupation please see “Identification

Sheet”.)

The display indicates BF.

The display indicates ICR.

• Insert a transmitted light specimen.

• The ICR filter cube (containing polarizer and

analyzer) is automatically brought into the light

path on the incident light axis. Insert the objec-

tive prism slide into the prism slot (71.2).

• Rotate an appropriate objective into place.

• Use the focus dial to bring the image into fo-

cus and set the brightness using the INT func-

tion key.

Alternatively:

• Rotate the ICR polarizer (71.3) and the IC/P

analyzer (72.1) on the stand manually into the

light path.

• Insert the objective prism slide into the prism

slot (71.2).

• For fine adjustment, rotate the knurled screw

(71.1) on the objective prism slide.

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10. Trouble Shooting

Problem

Cause/Remedy

Stand

The microscope does not respond.

ꢄMake sure that voltage is impressed.

ꢄMake sure that the microscope is connected

to the power supply.

ꢄCheck the cable connections.

ꢄInform service technician to change the fuses.

Illumination

The image is completely dark.

ꢄOpen the shutter (→ p. 35).

ꢄCheck the connection of the lamp houses to

the microscope.

Transmitted axis:

Incident (Fluo) axis:

ꢀ

ꢄMake sure that the lamps are connected to the

power supply.

ꢄInform service technician to change the fuses

of the ebq 100.

The image is unevenly or not uniformly illumi- ꢄRemove all unneeded filters from the light

nated.

path.

ꢄCenter the lamp (→ p. 41ff).

ꢄReplace the old lamp (→ p. 20ff).

The illumination "flickers."

ꢄBe sure that there is no loose connection at

the power supply.

ꢄReplace the old lamp (→ p. 20ff).

The lamp does not illuminate immediately upon ꢄThe ebq 100 must be switched-on repeatedly.

being switched on.

ꢄHot Hg lamps should cool down before

switching on again.

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10. Trouble Shooting

Problem

Cause/Remedy

Bright Field

The specimen can not be brought into focus.

ꢄUse the correct immersion medium.

ꢄLay the specimen with the cover glass to-

wards the top.

ꢄMake sure that the cover glass thickness is

correct and that is conform to the indication

on the objective.

ꢄCheck the condenser centering.

Dark Field

No definite DF contrast is possible.

ꢄBe sure that a DF objective is being used.

ꢄThe objective aperture setting is too high

(maximum 0.75). If necessary, reduce the ob-

jective aperture using the iris diaphragm on

the objective.

ꢄCheck the condenser centering.

ꢄThe magnification is too weak. Use a higher

magnification.

The image is unevenly or not uniformly illumi-

nated.

ꢄClean the specimen and neighboring lenses

Undesirable stray light

(→ p. 65).

Phase contrast

No phase contrast is possible.

ꢄThe specimen is too thick.

ꢄThe refraction index of embedding material

and object is identical.

ꢄThe cover glass is not placed evenly.

ꢄTherefore, check the centering of the light

rings (→ p. 39).

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10. Trouble Shooting

Problem

Cause/Remedy

Polarization

No polarization contrast is possible.

ꢄBring the polarizer and analyzer into cross po-

sition until they reach maximum darkness

(without specimen) (→ p. 55, 59).

Fluorescence

The image is completely dark (no fluorescence). ꢄOpen the shutter (→ p. 57).

ꢄSelect the incident light axis (IL) (→ p. 36).

ꢄCheck the antigen-antibody combination.

The fluorescence is too weak.

ꢄInsert the Booster Lens (→ p. 29).

ꢄCenter the lamp (→ p. 41ff).

ꢄInsert a new lamp (→ p. 20f).

Display

The display flashes.

ꢄRotate an appropriate objective for the con-

trast method into the light path.

FAIL! appears.

ꢄCheck insertion of objectives, cubes, etc.

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11. Care of the Microscope

Caution!

Caution:

Unplug the power supply before performing

cleaning and maintenance work!

Protect electrical components from moisture!

Residual fiber and dust can create unwanted

background fluorescence.

Cleaning Coated Parts

Microscopes in warm and warm-damp climatic Dust and loose dirt particles can be removed

zones require special care in order to prevent with a soft brush or lint-free cotton cloth.

fungus contamination.

The microscope should be cleaned after each Clinging dirt can be cleaned with all

use, and the microscope optics should be kept commercially available water solutions, benzine

strictly clean.

or alcohol.

For cleaning coated parts, use a linen or leather

cloth that is moistened with one of these sub-

stances.

11.1 Dust Cover

Note:

Caution:

Acetone, xylene or nitro-containing thinner

can harm the microscope and thus may not

be used.

To protect against dust, cover the microscope and

accessories with the dust cover after each use.

Test cleaning solutions of unknown composition

first on a less visible area of the unit. Be sure

that coated or plastic surfaces do not become

matted or etched.

Caution!

Let lamps cool down before covering the

stand with a dust cover. The dust cover is

not heat-resistant. In addition condensation

water may occur.

Cleaning the Stage

Remove light-colored spots on the stage by rub-

bing with paraffin oil or acid-free Vaseline.

11.2 Cleaning

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11. Care of the Microscope

Removing Immersion Oil

Cleaning Glass Surfaces

Remove dust on glass surfaces with a fine, dry

and fat-free hair brush, by blowing with a blow

bag or vacuum suction.

Caution!

Follow safety instructions for immersion oil!

Carefully remove stubborn dirt on glass surfaces

with a clean cloth moistened with distilled

water. If the dirt still can not be removed, use

pure alcohol, chloroform or benzine.

First, wipe off the immersion oil with a clean cot-

ton cloth, and then re-wipe the surface several

times with ethyl alcohol.

11.3 Handling Acids and Bases

Cleaning Objectives

Caution!

For examinations using acids or other aggres-

sive chemicals, particular caution must be

taken.

The objective may not be unscrewed during

cleaning. If damage appears on inner sur-

faces, the objectives must be sent to your

Leica subsidiary for repair. We also advise

against cleaning the inside surfaces of the

eyepieces.

Caution:

Be absolutely certain to prevent the optics

and mechanical parts from coming these

chemicals.

The front lenses of objectives are cleaned as de-

scribed under "Cleaning Glass Surfaces". The

upper lens is cleaned by being blown off with a

pneumatic pump.

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12. Wear and Spare Parts

12. Essential Wear and Spare Parts

Order No.

Material No.

Name

Used for

Replacement Lamp

500 974

500 137

500 138

500 321

Halogen lamp

12 V 100 W

107/2 lamp housing

106 z lamp housing

High-pressure mercury burner 50 W

High-pressure mercury burner 100 W

(103 W/2)

500 139

High-pressure xenon burner

75 W

106 z lamp housing

Objective turret

Screw cap for unused objective receptacles

020-422.570-000 Screw cap M 25

Replacement eyecup (diaphragm protection) for HC PLAN eyepiece

021-500.017-005

021-264.520-018

HC PLAN eyecup

10x/25 eyepiece

10x/22 eyepiece

10x/20 eyepiece

Immersion Oil conforming to DIN/ISO standards, fluorescence-free

513 787

513 522

513 788

110 ml

100 ml

500 ml

OIL and IMM objectives

and oil condenser heads

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13. Abbreviations and Pictograms

Contrast method

Magnification

ꢂ ꢃ

Light intensity/diaphragms

Beam splitting

Transmitted light shutter open

Transmitted light shutter closed

Incident light shutter open

Incident light shutter closed

↑

↓

AET

Advanced Ergo Tube

Aperture diaphragm

Brifght field

COMBI

CUBE

Combination contrast method

Filter cube

Darkfield

DIC

Differentiated interference contrast

Field diaphragm

FLUO

ICR

ICT

Fluo axis (incident light)

Interference contrast reflected light

Interference contrast transmitted light

Incident light (axis)

INT

Intensity

MBDT

Motorized Basic Documentation Tube

Phase contrast

POL

Polarization

Transmitted light (axis)

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14. Index

Adjusting the light sources 41

Allowable ambient conditions 15

Ambient temperature 8, 9

Ambient conditions 15

Analyzer 28, 55, 56, 59

Analyzer cube 55, 56

Fluorescence 57

Fluorescence intensity 57

Focus finder 33

Focusing 37, 47

Focusing telescope 39

Function keys 12, 31, 36

Objective aperture 54

Objective prism slide 60

Objectives 19, 50

Objective turret 10, 12

Object stage 17, 46

Aperture diaphragm 12, 35, 38, 52

Phase contrast 39, 53

Phase contrast rings (checking) 39

Polarization 55, 59

Polarizer 55, 56, 59

Polarizer L/ICR 27

Gas discharge lamps 23, 24

Beam splitting 49

Bright field 53, 58

Booster Lens 29, 57

Halogen lamp 21, 22, 42

Hg 50 burner 24

Polarizer R/ICR 27

Cleaning 64

Cleaning objectives 65

Coaxial pinion 46

Condenser connector 18

Condenser 11, 12, 18

Condenser centering 38

Condenser height adjuster 17, 18

Condenser holder 18

ICT/P transmitted light polarizator 27

Identification Sheet 19, 26, 28, 53

Imaging procedure10, 53, 58

Immersion oil 50, 65

Polarizer R/P 27

Prism slot 60

Reflector cube 26

Reflector cube for lamp adjustment 41

Reset function 31

Retention pin 26

Rotating polarizer 27

Incident light axis 10

Incident light nosepiece disc 26

Incident light polarizators 27

Incident light shutter 35

Connection to power supply 30

Initialization 34

Interference contrast 60

Intermediate systems 16

Shutter 57

Software Leica DMControl 11, 14

Specimen holder 17

Dark field 54, 58

Dark field stop 54

Defined function keys 36

DICprisms 28

Köhler illumination 18, 37

Supply unit ebq 100 9, 25, 46

Switch transmitted/incident light 12

Differentiated interference contrast 56

Display 12, 35

DMControl 11, 14

Lamp housing 13

Lamp housing 106 z 21, 41

Lamp housing 107/2 20, 41

Touchscreen 11

Transmitted light and

Lamp housing receptacle 20, 22, 25 incident light analyzer 28

Electrical safety 8

Electronics box Leica CTR5000 8, 30

Ergomodule 29

Excitation Manager 10, 29, 57

Eyepiece 12, 49

Light intensity 35

Light sources 41, 52

Light sources (incident light axis) 21

Light sources (transmitted light axis) 20

Transmitted light axis 10

Transmitted light filter 13

Transmitted light shutter 35

Variable function keys 12, 13, 31, 36

Magnification changer 11, 51

Vision problems 49

Field diaphragm 12, 35, 52

Filter block exchanger 13

Filter cube 26

Mercury lamp Hg 50 W 43

Mercury lamp Hg 100W /Xe 75W 44 Xe 75 burner 24

Mirror housing 29

Filter cube ICR 59, 60

Motorized analyzer 28

FIM (Fluo Intensity Manager) 10, 52

Motorized polarizer 27

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15. EU Declaration of Conformity

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