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Operating Instructions and Parts Manual
Wood Lathe
Model: JWL-1442VS
708358K Shown
WMH Tool Group
2420 Vantage Drive
Elgin, Illinois 60123
Phone: 800-274-6848
Part Number: M-708358
Revision C 2/05
Copyright © WMH Tool Group
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Warnings
1. Read and understand the entire owner’s manual before attempting assembly or operation.
2. This wood lathe is designed and intended for use by properly trained and experienced personnel
only. If you are not familiar with the proper and safe operation of a wood lathe, do not use it until
the proper training and knowledge have been obtained.
3. Always wear approved safety glasses/face shields while using this machine.
4. Make certain the machine is properly grounded.
5. Before operating the machine, remove tie, rings, watches, other jewelry, and roll sleeves up past
the elbows. Remove all loose clothing and confine long hair. Do not wear gloves.
6. Keep the floor around the machine clean and free of scrap material, oil and grease.
7. Keep machine guards in place at all times when the machine is in use. If removed for
maintenance purposes, use extreme caution and replace the guards immediately.
8. Do not over reach. Maintain a balanced stance at all times, so that you do not fall or lean against
blades or other moving parts.
9. Make all machine adjustments or maintenance with the machine unplugged from the power
source.
10. Use the right tool. Do not force a tool or attachment to do a job that it was not designed to do.
11. Replace warning labels if they become obscured or removed.
12. Make certain the switch is in the OFF position before connecting the machine to the power
supply.
13. Give your work undivided attention. Looking around, carrying on a conversation and "horse-play"
are careless acts that can result in serious injury.
14. Keep visitors a safe distance from the work area.
15. Use recommended accessories; improper accessories may be hazardous.
16. Read and understand warnings posted on the machine and in this manual. Failure to comply with
all of these warnings may cause serious injury.
17. Some dust created by power sanding, sawing, grinding, drilling and other construction activities
contain chemicals known to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm. Some
examples of these chemicals are:
•
•
•
Lead from lead based paint.
Crystalline silica from bricks, cement and other masonry products.
Arsenic and chromium from chemically treated lumber.
Your risk of exposure varies, depending on how often you do this type of work. To reduce your
exposure to these chemicals: work in a well ventilated area, and work with approved safety
equipment, such as face or dust masks that are specifically designed to filter out microscopic
particles
18. Do not operate this lathe while under the influence of drugs, alcohol or any medication.
19. Keep tools sharp and clean for safe and best performance. Dull tools can grab in the work and be
jerked from the operator`s hands causing serious injury.
20. Check the condition of the stock to be turned. Make sure it is free of knots, warpage, checked
ends, improperly made or cured glue joints and other conditions which can cause it to be thrown
out of the lathe.
21. Securely fasten spur/live centers to the material being used.
22. Check centers and center sockets in the headstock and tailstock to be sure they are free of dirt or
rust and oil lightly before inserting centers.
23. Test each set-up by revolving the work by hand to insure it clears the tool rest and bed. Check the
setup at the lowest speed before increasing it to the operating speed.
24. Use the correct cutting tool for the operation to be performed and keep all tools sharp.
25. Use low speeds for roughing and for long or large diameter work. If vibration occurs, stop the
machine and correct the cause. See the speed recommendation chart on the next page.
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Warnings
SPEED RECOMMENDATIONS
Diameter of Work
Roughing RPM
1500
General Cutting RPM
3000
Finishing RPM
Under 2"
2 to 4"
3000
2300
1500
1100
850
600
450
450
450
450
450
1500
1100
600
4 to 6"
6 to 8"
8 to 10"
10 to 12"
12 to 14"
600
600
850
450
600
26. When sanding, remove the tool rest from the machine, apply light pressure and use a slow speed
to avoid heat build up.
27. When turning large diameter pieces, such as bowls, always operate the lathe at low speeds. See
the speed recommendation chart.
28. Do not attempt to engage the spindle lock pin until the spindle has stopped. If leaving the
machine area, turn it off and wait until the spindle stops before departing.
29. Make no adjustments except speed changes with the spindle rotating and always disconnect the
machine from the power source when performing maintenance to avoid accidental starting or
electrical shock.
30. Provide for adequate space surrounding work area and non-glare, overhead lighting.
31. When stopping the lathe, never grab the part or faceplate to slow it down. Let the work coast to a
stop.
32. Use only JET factory authorized replacement parts and accessories; otherwise, the warranty and
guarantee are null and void.
33. Do not use this JET wood lathe for other than its intended purpose. If used for other purposes,
JET disclaims any real or implied warranty and holds itself harmless from any injury that may
result from that use.
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Grounding Instructions
This tool must be grounded while in use to protect the operator from electric
shock.
In the event of a malfunction or breakdown, grounding provides a path of least resistance for electric
current to reduce the risk of electric shock. This tool is equipped with an electric cord having an
equipment-grounding conductor and a grounding plug. The plug must be plugged into a matching outlet
that is properly installed and grounded in accordance with all local codes and ordinances.
Do not modify the plug provided. If it will not fit the outlet, have the proper outlet installed by a qualified
electrician.
Improper connection of the equipment-grounding conductor can result in a risk of electric shock. The
conductor, with insulation having an outer surface that is green with or without yellow stripes, is the
equipment-grounding conductor. If repair or replacement of the electric cord or plug is necessary, do not
connect the equipment-grounding conductor to a live terminal.
Check with a qualified electrician or service personnel if the grounding instructions are not completely
understood, or if in doubt as to whether the tool is properly grounded. Use only three wire extension cords
that have three-prong grounding plugs and three-pole receptacles that accept the tool’s plug.
Repair or replace a damaged or worn cord immediately.
115 Volt Operation
As received from the factory, your sander is ready to run at 115-volt operation. This sander, when wired
for 115 volts, is intended for use on a circuit that has an outlet and a plug that looks the one illustrated in
Figure A. A temporary adapter, which looks like the adapter as illustrated in Figure B, may be used to
connect this plug to a two-pole receptacle, as shown in Figure B if a properly grounded outlet is not
available. The temporary adapter should only be used until a properly grounded outlet can be installed by
a qualified electrician. This adapter is not applicable in Canada. The green colored rigid ear, lug, or tab,
extending from the adapter, must be connected to a permanent ground such as a properly grounded
outlet box, as shown in Figure B.
The use of an extension cord is not recommended. However, if you must use one make sure your
extension cord is in good condition. Be sure to use one heavy enough to carry the current your machine
will draw. An undersized cord will cause a drop in the line voltage resulting in power loss and overheating.
The following table shows the correct size to use depending on the cord length needed and the
nameplate ampere rating. If in doubt, use the next heavier gauge. Remember, the smaller the gauge
number, the heavier the cord.
Volts
120V
Total Length of Cord in Feet
50 100 150
AWG
25
14
12-16
Amps
12
Not Recommended
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230 Volt Operation
If 230V, single-phase operation is desired, the following instructions must be followed:
1. Disconnect the machine from the power source.
2. This lathe is supplied with four motor leads that are connected for 115V operation, as shown in Figure
A. Reconnect these four motor leads for 230V operation, as shown in Figure B.
3. The 115V attachment plug (A), supplied with the lathe, must be replaced with a UL/CSA listed plug
suitable for 230V operation (D). Contact your local Authorized Service Center or qualified electrician
for proper procedures to install the plug. The lathe must comply with all local and national codes after
the 230-volt plug is installed.
4. The lathe with a 230 volt plug should only be connected to an outlet having the same configuration
(D). No adapter is available or should be used with the 230-volt plug.
Important: In all cases (115 or 230 volts), make certain the receptacle in question is properly grounded.
If you are not sure, have a registered electrician check the receptacle.
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Introduction
This manual is provided by JET covering the safe operation and maintenance procedures for a Model
JWL-1442VS Wood Lathe. This manual contains instructions on installation, safety precautions, general
operating procedures, maintenance instructions and parts breakdown. This machine has been designed and
constructed to provide years of trouble free operation if used in accordance to instructions set forth in this
manual. If there are any questions or comments, please contact either your local supplier or WMH Tool
Table of Contents
Warranty..................................................................................................................................................2
Warnings .................................................................................................................................................3
Grounding Instructions.............................................................................................................................5
115V Operation........................................................................................................................................5
230V Operation .......................................................................................................................................6
Introduction..............................................................................................................................................7
Table of Contents.....................................................................................................................................7
Specifications ..........................................................................................................................................8
Contents of the Shipping Container..........................................................................................................9
Unpacking and Cleanup...........................................................................................................................9
Assembly.................................................................................................................................................9
Stand Legs (optional accessory) ............................................................................................................10
Stand Shelf............................................................................................................................................10
Controls and Features ...........................................................................................................................10
Lathe Tools............................................................................................................................................12
Mounting Workpiece Between Centers...................................................................................................13
Stock Selection......................................................................................................................................14
Roughing Out ........................................................................................................................................14
Beads, Coves, “V” Cuts and Parting.......................................................................................................15
Sanding and Finishing ...........................................................................................................................16
Face Plate or Bowl Turning....................................................................................................................16
Mounting Stock......................................................................................................................................16
Face Plate or Chuck ..............................................................................................................................17
Wood Selection......................................................................................................................................17
Checks and Cracks................................................................................................................................17
Distortion...............................................................................................................................................17
Tools for Bowl Turning............................................................................................................................17
To Shape the Outside of a Bowl .............................................................................................................18
To Shape the Interior of a Bowl ..............................................................................................................19
Sanding and Finishing a Bowl ................................................................................................................19
Adjusting the Clamping Mechanism .......................................................................................................20
Changing the Belt and Bearings.............................................................................................................20
Troubleshooting.....................................................................................................................................21
Part Breakdowns and Parts List .............................................................................................................22
Wiring Diagram......................................................................................................................................31
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Specifications
JWL-1442VS
Stock Number................................................................................................................................ 708358
Over Bed..............................................................................................................................................14"
Swing Over Tool Rest Base..................................................................................................................10"
Distance Between Centers....................................................................................................................42"
Speeds (RPM)..................................................................... 450, 600, 850, 1100, 1500, 1900, 2300, 3000
Spindle Nose...........................................................................................................................1" x 8 T.P.I.
Drive Spindle Through Hole.................................................................................................................3/8"
Tailstock Spindle Through Hole............................................................................................................3/8”
Tailstock Spindle Travel..........................................................................................................................4”
Tool Rest..............................................................................................................................................12”
Face Plate..............................................................................................................................................6”
Headstock Rotation ..................................................................................45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 270°, 360°
Headstock Taper ...............................................................................................................................MT-2
Tailstock Taper..................................................................................................................................MT-2
Spindle Center to Floor (approx.) ....................................................................................................43-1/2”
Motor.........................................................................................................................................1 HP, 1Ph
.......................................................................................................................115V/230V, Prewired 115V
Net Weight (approx.).....................................................................................................................200 Lbs.
Shipping Weight (approx.).............................................................................................................215 Lbs.
708358K Shown
The above specifications were current at the time this manual was published, but because of our policy of
continuous improvement, WMH Tool Group reserves the right to change specifications at any time and
without prior notice, without incurring obligations.
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WARNING
Read and understand the entire contents of
this manual before attempting assembly or
operation!
Failure to comply may cause serious injury!
Contents of the Shipping Containers
1. Lathe
1. Tailstock
1. Headstock
1. Face Plate
1. Tool Rest Body
1. Accessory Package
1. Owner’s Manual and Warranty Card
Accessory Package Box
1. Live Center
1. Spur Center
1. Index Pin
1. Wrench
1. Drift Rod
1. Tool Rest
708358K Shown with optional legs
1. Tool Rest Extension
Unpacking and Clean-Up
1. Remove the shipping container. Do not
discard any shipping material until the lathe
is set up and running properly.
2. Remove tailstock, tool rest and headstock
before lifting; see “Adjusting Clamping
Mechanism” on Page 20 on how to remove
the tailstock, headstock or tool rest.
3. Remove hex cap bolts from skid bottom and
lift the lathe bed, with the help from another
person, off the skid and into position.
Contents of Accessory Package
4. Mount the lathe to a solid workbench or refer
to the “Stand Legs (optional assembly)”
instructions, on page 10, if you have
purchased the stand legs.
5. Clean all rust protected surfaces with a
cleaner degreaser. Clean under the
headstock, tailstock and tool rest body.
6. Reinstall headstock, tool rest and tailstock
unless you are mounting to optional legs.
Assembly
1. Secure tool rest (A, Fig. 1) to tool rest body
(B, Fig. 1) by tightening handle (C, Fig. 1).
Note: For some turning applications, you
may need to assemble the tool rest
extension between the tool rest body and
tool rest.
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Stand Legs (optional accessory)
1. At this point the headstock, tailstock and tool
rest should be removed. With help from
another person, lift the lathe bed and place
onto a workbench.
2. Angle lathe bed so that stand leg mounting
holes are accessible, see Figure 2.
3. Thread adjustable feet (A, Fig. 2) into stand
leg (B, Fig. 2). There is a flat spot on the
shaft near the foot that will accommodate a
wrench. Thread a hex nut (C, Fig. 2) onto
shaft and leave loose for now.
4. Mount the leg to lathe bed with four 5/16” flat
washers and four 5/16”-18 x 1-1/2” hex
socket cap screws (D, Fig. 2).
5. Repeat for the other leg.
6. Adjust the feet so that the lathe rests evenly
on the floor, and tighten the nuts.
7. Reinstall headstock, tailstock and tool rest.
Stand Shelf
You can make an extra shelf that rests between
the legs if you wish, see Figure 3. It will be
useful for storing lathe accessories, or adding
sand bags for some extra weight. The two 2x4’s
should be 55-3/4” long. The plywood should be
ripped into two equal pieces 27-13/16”L x 17”W
so that it can be assembled between the legs.
Use screws to attach the plywood to the 2x4
supports.
Controls & Features
E. Headstock Lock Handle: (E, Fig. 4)
Locks the head in position. Unlock the
handle to position the head in any location
along the lathe bed. Tighten handle when
properly positioned.
F. Headstock Indexing Pin: (F, Fig. 4)
Turn the knurled knob counter-clockwise to
unlock the plunger. Pull the knob out to
release the headstock. Unlock the
headstock-locking handle and rotate the
headstock. Turn knurled knob clockwise until
it stops to lock plunger.
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G. Headstock Spindle Lock: (G, Fig. 5)
Push in pin to keep the spindle from turning.
CAUTION!
Never press the headstock spindle lock while
the spindle is turning!
H. Headstock On/Off Switch: (H, Fig.5)
Flip the switch up to turn “ON” the lathe. Flip
the switch down to turn the lathe “OFF”.
I. Headstock On/Off Switch Key: Remove
key (I, Fig. 5) when in the “OFF” position.
The switch will not work until key is
reinstalled.
J. Headstock Speed Selector: (J, Fig. 5)
Place handle directly above the desired
RPM speed. Pull handle out and move to
the desired speed, see Figure 6.
CAUTION!
Only change speeds while the spindle is
turning!
K. Headstock Faceplate: (K, Fig. 7)
Used for turning bowls. There are a number
of screw holes for mounting the workpiece.
Thread the faceplate onto the spindle in a
clockwise direction, and tighten two
setscrews. Remove the faceplate by
loosening two setscrews. Push in headstock
spindle lock and use the provided wrench on
faceplate flats.
L. Headstock Spur Center: (L, Fig. 7)
Used for turning between centers. Spindle
taper is MT-2. Remove spur center by
inserting drift rod through the opposite end
of the spindle and knocking spur center out.
M. Headstock Indexing Hole: (M, Fig. 7)
Thread indexing pin into the indexing hole
making sure that it locates in the spindle
hole. There are 12 holes in the spindle 30°
apart. Three holes in the headstock casting
accept the indexing pin. These holes are 20°
apart. The combination of holes will allow
you to mark your workpiece for evenly
spaced features.
CAUTION!
Never start the lathe with the index pin
engaged in the spindle!
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N. Tool Rest Body Lock Handle: (N, Fig. 8)
Locks the tool rest body in position. Unlock
handle to position the tool rest in any
location along lathe bed. Tighten handle
when properly positioned.
O. Tool Rest Lock Handle: (O, Fig. 8)
Locks the tool rest in position. Unlock the
handle to position tool rest at a specific
angle, or height. Tighten handle when
properly positioned.
P. Tailstock Lock Handle: (P, Fig. 9)
Locks the tailstock in position. Unlock
handle to position the tool rest in any
location along lathe bed. Tighten handle
when properly positioned.
Q. Tailstock Quill Lock Handle: (Q, Fig. 9)
Locks the tailstock quill in position. Unlock
handle to position the quill. Tighten handle
when properly positioned.
R. Tailstock Quill Handwheel: (R, Fig. 9)
Turn the handwheel to position the quill. The
tailstock quill lock handle must be loose to
position quill.
S. Tailstock Live Center: (S, Fig. 9)
Used for turning between centers. Quill
taper is MT-2. Remove live center by
retracting the quill until live center loosens.
Lathe Tools
If possible, select only high quality, high speed
steel turning tools with long handles. As one
becomes proficient in turning, a variety of
specialty tools for specific applications can be
acquired. The following tools provide the basics
for most woodturning projects. See your JET
distributor for a wide variety of JET woodturning
tools.
Roughing Gouge — used for rapidly cut raw
wood into round stock, see Figure 10.
Deep Fluted Bowl Gouge — used for turning
bowls and plates, see Figure 10.
Spindle Gouge — used for turning beads,
coves and other details, see Figure 10.
Spear — fine scraping and delicate operations,
such as the forming of beads, parallel grooves
and shallow vees, etc, see Figure 10.
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Lathe Tools (continued)
5. Move tool rest into position. It should be
parallel to workpiece, approximately at the
centerline, and approximately 1/8" from the
closest part of the workpiece. Lock tool rest
body and tool rest in place.
Skew — used to make vees, beads, etc., see
Figure 11.
Square Scraper — used for diameter scraping
and featureless scraping, etc, see Figure 11.
6. Rotate workpiece by hand to check for
proper clearance from tool rest. Note: You
may want to trim off the corners of a square
workpiece to make turning a little easier.
Large Domed Scraper — used to reduce ridges
on the interior of bowls, round edges of bowls,
etc, see Figure 11.
7. Start lathe at lowest speed and bring it up to
the appropriate RPM for the size of stock,
see Figure 6 page 11.
Parting Tool — used to cut directly into the
material, or to make a cut off. Also used for
scraping and to set diameters, see Figure 11.
The position of the tool rest can be varied to suit
the work and operator. After you become
experienced with setting tool rest changing the
position will become second nature for the
workpiece and comfort of the user.
For safety and best performance, keep tools
sharp. If a tool stops cutting, or requires
excessive pressure to make a cut, it needs to be
sharpened. A number of brand name sharpening
jigs and fixtures are available, however, a
woodturner should learn to sharpen tools
freehand.
Mounting Workpiece Between Centers
Spindle turning takes place between the centers
of the lathe. It requires a spur center in the
headstock and a live center in the tailstock.
1. With a ruler locate and mark the center on
each end by going corner to corner, see
Figure 12. Accuracy is not critical on full
rounds but extremely important on stock
where square sections are to remain. Put a
dimple in each end of the stock with an awl
or nail.
2. Extremely hard woods may require kerfs cut
into the spur drive end of stock, see Figure
12. You may need to drive the spur center
into the stock with a wood mallet. Note:
Never drive stock onto spur while it is
mounted in the lathe spindle.
3. Install workpiece by inserting the attached
spur center into the spindle taper on the
headstock.
4. Bring tailstock into position, lock it to the
bed, and advance quill with the handwheel
in order to seat the live center into the
workpiece. Lock the quill in place. Make
sure the live center point is centered on your
mark.
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Stock Selection
Stock for spindles should be straight grained
and free of checks, cracks, knots and other
defects. It should be cut 1/8" to 1/4" larger than
the finished diameter and may require additional
length to remove ends if required. Larger stock
should have the corners removed to produce an
octagon making the piece easier to rough down
to a cylinder, see Figure 13.
Roughing Out
1. Use a large roughing gouge and begin
cutting about 2” from the tailstock end of the
workpiece. Place the tool on the tool rest
with the heel of the tool on the surface to be
cut.
2. Slowly and gently raise tool handle until
cutting edge comes into contact with the
workpiece. Work to the right towards the end
of the workpiece. You never want to start at
the end of a workpiece.
3. Now continue to work the rest of the
workpiece. Roll the flute (hollowed-out
portion) of the tool in the direction of the cut,
see Figure 14. Make long sweeping cuts in a
continuous motion to rough the piece down
to a cylinder. Keep as much of the bevel of
the tool as possible in contact with the
workpiece to ensure control and avoid
catches. Note: Always cut downhill, or from
large diameter to small diameter. Always
work toward the end of a workpiece, never
start cutting at the end.
4. Once the workpiece is roughed down to a
cylinder, smooth it with a large skew. Place
the cutting point near the center of the chisel
and high on the workpiece, see Figure 15.
Touching one of the points of the skew to
the spinning workpiece may cause a catch
and ruin the workpiece.
5. Add details to the workpiece with skew,
spindle gouge, etc.
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Beads
Parting
1. Place the parting tool on the tool rest and
move the tool forward to make the full bevel
of the tool contact the workpiece. Gently
raise handle to make cut to the appropriate
depth.
1. Place parting tool on tool rest and raise the
handle until it starts to cut and continue to
cut to the desired depth.
2. If the cut is deep a clearance cut should be
made alongside the first cut to prevent the
tool tip from burning.
2. Repeat for other side of the bead.
3. Using a small skew or spindle gouge, start in
the center between the two cuts and cut
down each side to form the bead. Roll the
tool in direction of cut.
Coves
1. Use a spindle gouge. With the flute of the
tool at 90 degrees to the workpiece, touch
the center of the cutting edge to the
workpiece and roll in towards the bottom of
the cove. Stop at the bottom; attempting to
go up the opposite side may cause the tool
to catch.
2. Move the tool over the desired width of the
cove.
3. With the flute facing the opposite direction,
repeat step 1 for other side of cove. Stop at
bottom of cut.
“V” Cuts
1. Use the long point of the skew. Note: Do not
press the long point of the skew directly into
the workpiece to create the "V"; this will
result in a burned or burnished "V" with
fibers being rolled up at both sides.
2. Lightly mark the center of the "V" with the tip
of the skew.
3. Move the point of the skew to the right half
of the desired width of your cut.
4. With the bevel parallel to the right side of the
cut, raise the handle and push the tool in to
the desired depth.
5. Repeat from the left side. The two cuts
should meet at the bottom and leave a clean
"V" cut.
6. Additional cuts may be taken to add to either
the depth or width of the cut.
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Sanding and Finishing
Leaving clean cuts will reduce the amount of
sanding required. Begin with a fine sandpaper
(120 grit or finer). Coarser sandpaper will leave
deep scratches that are difficult to remove, and
dull crisp details. Fold the sandpaper into a pad;
do not wrap sandpaper around your fingers or
the workpiece.
To apply a finish, the workpiece can be left on
the lathe. Turn off lathe and use a brush, or cloth
to apply the finish. Remove excess finish before
restarting lathe. Allow drying and sanding again
with 320 or 400 grit sandpaper. Apply additional
coats of finish and buff.
Face Plate and Bowl Turning
Face plate turning is normally done on the
inboard side of the headstock over the bed see
Figure 19. You must pivot the headstock 180°
for larger workpieces.
Mounting Stock
Use of a face plate is the most common method
for holding a block of wood for turning bowls,
and plates.
1. Select stock at least 1/8" to 1/4" larger than
the dimension on the desired finished
workpiece.
2. True one surface of the workpiece for
mounting against the face plate. It is best
to leave extra stock against the faceplate
that can be cut off when the workpiece is
finished.
3. Using the faceplate as a template, mark the
location of the mounting holes, and drill pilot
holes of the appropriate size. If the mounting
screws on the faceplate interfere with the
workpiece, a waste block can be mounted to
the faceplate and then the waste block
mounted to the workpiece by gluing or
screwing, see Figure 20.
4. Both waste block and workpiece should
have good flat surfaces.
5. Push in on the spindle lock and thread face
plate and workpiece onto the spindle.
Tighten setscrews in the faceplate when
secure.
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Face Plate or Chuck
gouges. It also allows removal of wood much
faster and with less vibration than other gouges.
Most average sized bowl work can be
accomplished with a 3/8" or 1/2" bowl gouge. A
1/4" bowl gouge is best suited for smaller bowls
and light finishing cuts. Larger 3/4" and 1" bowl
gouges are only used for extremely large pieces.
While faceplates are the simplest, most reliable
method of holding a block of wood for turning,
chucks can also be used. A chuck is not a
requirement but is handy when working on more
than one piece at a time. Rather than removing
screws, you simply open the chuck and change
workpieces. The most popular ones are four jaw
Large domed scrapers can also be used to help
clean up the interior surfaces of bowls. A light
touch with the scraper slightly tilted will eliminate
some of the ridges left by a bowl gouge.
scroll chucks with
a
variety of jaws to
accommodate different size tenons. Most also
come with a screw chuck as well.
Wood Selection
Firewood is the cheapest, most widely available
stock to use while learning to turn bowls.
Develop skill with each tool before attempting to
make a finished piece. It is best to start with dry
wood, without worrying about drying or
distortion. Once turning becomes comfortable,
try green wood, which cuts very easily. As the
turner gains experience, he or she will find
extraordinary grain and figure in the form of
burls, crotches and bark inclusions.
Checks and Cracks
Green wood will check and crack. For best
results, leave logs in as long lengths as you can
handle. As the material starts to dry, surface
cracks will develop on the ends of the log. Cut
off two to three inches and you should find good,
sound wood. Also, cut the log in half along the
pith to avoid having it in the finished piece. Most
checks radiate from the pith. As you turn bowls
from green wood, make sure you maintain a
consistent wall thickness throughout the piece.
Leaving a piece thick in some areas and thin in
others will cause the wood to dry unevenly and
promote checks and cracks.
Distortion
Distortion is a problem associated with turning
green wood. It will vary from one type of wood to
the next. Typically, fruitwoods tend to distort
more than others do. It also varies with the time
of year the tree was cut and how the logs are
stored.
Tools for Bowl Turning
The deep fluted bowl gouge is the most
essential and versatile tool for most bowl and
faceplate style turning. The bowl gouge is
heavier and easier to control than other types of
17
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To Shape the Outside of a Bowl
material at the base of the bowl for support
while turning the interior. This will be
removed later.
1. Odd shaped burls, crotches and other
irregular shaped blanks require special
preparation before mounting in a chuck, or
onto a faceplate. Remove the bark, if there
is any, from what appears to be the center of
the top of workpiece.
2. Drive the spur center into the top of the
workpiece with a wood mallet.
3. Slip the spur center into the headstock taper
and bring the tailstock, with a live center,
into position. Lock the tailstock to the bed
and advance the spindle in order to seat the
cup center into workpiece, see Figure 21.
Tighten the quill lock.
4. Position the tool support below the
centerline and about 1/4" from the
workpiece. Note: For larger outboard
turning, an optional outboard turning stand is
used to place the tool support, see your JET
distributor.
5. Turn the workpiece by hand to ensure
proper clearance.
6. Start the lathe at the lowest speed and bring
it up to the maximum safe speed for the size
of work to be turned, see Figure 6 on page
11. If the machine starts to vibrate, lower the
speed until the vibration stops.
7. Rough out the outside of the bowl with the
1/2" deep fluted bowl gouge, holding the tool
firmly against your hip. For best control, use
your whole body to move the gouge through
the workpiece.
8. As the bowl takes shape, work on the
bottom (tailstock end) to accommodate
attaching a face plate, see Figure 21.
9. Turn a short tenon (about 1/8" long) the size
of the hole in the faceplate, see Figure 21.
This will allow centering the workpiece when
the faceplate is attached. Note: If you plan
to use a chuck, turn a tenon of appropriate
length and diameter to fit your chuck.
10. Stop the lathe, remove the workpiece and
attach the face plate, or chuck.
11. Finish turning the outside of the bowl with
1/2" or 3/8" bowl gouge. Leave additional
18
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To Shape the Interior of a Bowl
through each grit, using only light pressure.
Coarser sandpaper tends to leave deep
scratches that are hard to eliminate. Use
1. Stop the lathe and move the tailstock away.
Remove the center from the tailstock to
prevent bumping it with your elbow.
power-sanding
techniques
to
avoid
concentric sanding marks around your
finished piece. Avoid rounding over the rim
and foot with sandpaper. Try to keep the
details crisp. Finish sanding with 220 grit.
2. Adjust the tool support in front of the bowl
just below the centerline, at a right angle to
the lathe bed.
2. Remove sanding dust with tack rags, or
compressed air and, with the lathe turned
off, apply the first coat of finish. Let it stand
for several minutes and wipe off the excess.
Allow it to dry before sanding again with 320
or 400 grit sandpaper.
3. Rotate the workpiece by hand to check the
clearance.
4. Face off the top of the bowl by making a
light shearing cut across the workpiece, from
rim to center.
3. Turn lathe back on and make a separation
cut through the base. Stop at about 3" and
use a small fine tooth saw to separate the
bowl from the waste.
5. Place the 1/2" bowl gouge on the tool rest at
the center of the workpiece with the flute
facing the top of the bowl. The tool handle
should be level and pointed toward four
o'clock, see Figure 22.
4. Apply additional finish coats and allow to dry
before buffing.
6. Use your left hand to control the cutting
edge of the gouge, while your right hand
swings the tool handle around towards your
body, see Figure 22. The flute should start
out facing the top of the workpiece, and
rotate upward as it moves deeper into the
bowl to maintain a clean even curve. As the
tool goes deeper into bowl, progressively
work out toward the rim. It may be
necessary to turn the tool rest into the
workpiece, as you get deeper into the bowl.
Note: Try to make one, very light continuous
movement from the rim to the bottom of the
bowl to ensure a clean, sweeping curve
through the workpiece. Should there be a
few small ridges left, a light cut with a large
domed scraper can even out the surface.
7. Develop the wall thickness at the rim and
maintain it as you work deeper into the bowl.
When the interior is finished, move the tool
support to the exterior to re-define the
bottom of the bowl. General rule of thumb:
the base should be approximately 1/3 the
overall diameter of the bowl.
8. Work the tight area around the faceplate or
chuck with 1/4" bowl gouge.
Sanding and Finishing a Bowl
1. Remove the tool rest and begin with a fine
grit sandpaper (120 grit) and progress
19
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Adjusting the Clamping Mechanism
Then back off slightly and tighten the socket
head cap screw.
The clamps are pre-set at the factory and should
not need any adjustment. However, if
adjustment is needed, remove the stud (A, Fig.
23). Loosen the locking handle and slide the
headstock, tailstock or tool rest to the edge of
the bed and slightly turn the hex nut (B, Fig. 23).
Slide back into position and test the handle to
make sure it securely locks.
Changing the Belt and Bearings
Changing belt and bearings can be a difficult
task, and should be performed by a JET
authorized repair station. Remove headstock
and take into a repair station for servicing.
1. Place the belt in its highest speed range. Do
not change speeds while changing the belt
or bearings.
2. Remove the belt cover, and remove the belt
from the lower pulley, see Figure 24.
3. Loosen the two setscrews in the handwheel
enough to unthread the handwheel (C, Fig.
24).
4. Loosen the socket head cap screw enough
to unthread the clamping nut (D, Fig. 24).
5. Remove one e-ring (E, Fig. 24) from spindle.
6. Loosen the two setscrews in the right hand
pulley (F, Fig. 24).
7. Use a wood dowel, or aluminum stock to
knock the spindle towards the tailstock. Use
a material that is softer than the spindle so
you do not mushroom the end of the spindle.
Go only far enough to remove the right hand
pulley and belt from spindle, see Figure 25
when changing the belt. Note: Mark the key
way on the pulley for easy reference when
reassembling.
8. Now you can replace the belt or bearings.
There are three bearings #6, 9 and 43 that
can be seen in the “Headstock Assembly,”
page 24.
9. To reassemble reverse the procedure. Note:
Key way alignment is critical for installment
and proper operation. Do not force the
pulley. When reinstalling clamping nut
thread it on to the spindle until its snug.
20
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Troubleshooting
Possible Cause
Problem
Solution
Excessive Vibration.
1. Workpiece warped, out of
round, has major flaw,
improperly prepared for
turning, or RPM is set too
high
1. Correct problem by planing,
bandsawing, reduce the
RPM, or scrap workpiece all
together
2. Replace bearings
3. Replace belt
2. Worn spindle bearings
3. Worn belt
4. Tighten bolts
4. Motor mount bolts loose
5. Lathe on uneven surface
5. Shim lathe bed, or adjust feet
on stand
Motor or Spindle Stalls or Will not 1. Excessive cut
1. Reduce cut depth
2. Replace motor
3. Replace belt
Start
2. Worn motor
3. Broken belt
4. Worn spindle bearings
4. Replace bearings
5. Improper cooling on motor
5. Clean sawdust from motor
fan
6. Starting or running capacitor
is bad
6. Replace the starting
capacitor
7. Centrifugal switch bad
7. Replace centrifugal switch
1. Correct overload condition
2. Increase supply wire size
Motor fails to develop full power.
1. Power line overloaded
2. Undersize wires in supply
system, or extension cord is
too long
3. Request voltage check from
power company and correct
low voltage condition
3. Low voltage
4. Running capacitor is bad
5. Worn motor
4. Replace running capacitor
5. Replace motor
Tools tend to grab or dig in.
1. Dull tools
1. Sharpen tools
2. Tool support set too low
2. Reposition tool support
height
3. Tool support set too far from
workpiece
3. Reposition tool support
closer to workpiece
4. Improper tool being used
4. Use correct tool for operation
Tailstock Moves When Applying
Pressure
1. Excessive pressure being
applied by tailstock. Note:
The screw action of the
tailstock is capable of
1. Slide tailstock down to the
right side of the lathe against
the stop. Move headstock
into position and apply
pressure to workpiece with
tailstock.
applying excessive pressure
to workpiece and headstock.
Apply only sufficient force by
tailstock to hold workpiece
securely in place.
2. Remove and clean surfaces
with a cleaner degreaser
Excessive pressure can
cause damage to machine.
2. Lathe bed and tailstock
mating surfaces are greasy
or oily.
21
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Bed Assembly
22
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Bed Assembly
Index Part
No. No.
Description
Size
Qty.
1..........JWL1442-201............... Bed........................................................ ...............................................1
2..........JWL1442-202............... Stud....................................................... ...............................................3
3..........JWL1442-124............... C-Ring...................................................S19.........................................3
4..........TS-0206031 ................. Hex Socket Cap Screw..........................10-24 x 5/8”.............................4
5..........JWL1442-205............... Tool Rest............................................... ...............................................1
6..........JWL1442-206............... Tool Support Handle.............................. ...............................................1
7..........JWL1442-207............... Tool Support Base................................. ...............................................1
8..........JWL1442-208............... End Cover ............................................. ...............................................1
9..........JWL1442-128............... Bolt........................................................ ...............................................2
10........JWL1442-210A ............ Tool Support Rod................................... ...............................................1
11........JWL1442-211............... Handle................................................... ...............................................1
12........JWL1442-212............... Handwheel ............................................ ...............................................1
13........JWL1442-213............... Tailstock................................................ ...............................................1
14........JWL1442-214............... Lead Screw ........................................... ...............................................1
15........JWL1442-215............... Quill....................................................... ...............................................1
16........JWL1442-216............... Live Center............................................ ...............................................1
17........JWL1442-217............... Tailstock Rod......................................... ...............................................1
18........JWL1442-218............... Tailstock Quill Handle ............................ ...............................................1
19........JWL1442-219............... JET Label .............................................. ...............................................1
20........TS-0267021 ................. Set Screw..............................................1/4”-20 x 1/4”...........................2
21........JWL1442-127............... Bushing ................................................. ...............................................1
22........JWL1442-126............... Key........................................................5 x 5 x 30 ................................1
23........JWL1442-154............... Clamp.................................................... ...............................................2
24........TS-0561081 ................. Hex Nut .................................................3/4”-10 ....................................2
26........JWL1442-226............... Extension Tool Rest............................... ...............................................1
27........JWL1442-227............... Locking Handle...................................... ...............................................1
28........JWL1442-228............... C-Ring...................................................S25.........................................1
............JWL1442-TCA.............. Tailstock Complete Assembly (not shown) .............................................1
............JWL1442-TRCA........... Tool Rest Complete Assembly (not shown)............................................1
23
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Headstock Assembly
24
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Headstock Assembly
Index Part
No. No.
Description
Size
Qty.
1..........JWL1442-101............... Spur Center...........................................MT2 ........................................1
2..........JWL1442-102............... Face Plate.............................................6” ............................................1
3..........JWL1442-103............... Spindle.................................................. ...............................................1
4..........JWL1442-104............... Key........................................................4 x 4 x 80 ................................1
5..........JWL1442-105............... E-Ring...................................................E-19........................................1
6..........BB-6205ZZ................... Ball Bearing...........................................6205ZZ ...................................1
7..........JWL1442-107............... Headstock ............................................. ...............................................1
8..........JWL1442-108............... Wave Washer........................................ ...............................................1
9..........BB-6304LLB................. Ball Bearing...........................................6304LLB .................................1
10........JWL1442-110............... Lock Nut................................................3/4”-16 ....................................1
11........JWL1442-111............... Hand wheel ........................................... ...............................................1
12........TS-0207031 ................. Hex Socket Cap Screw..........................1/4”-20 x 5/8”...........................1
13........JWL1442-113............... Speed Selector Assembly...................... ...............................................1
14........JWL1442-114............... Handle................................................... ...............................................1
15........TS-081C052................. Round Head Machine Screw..................10-24 x 3/4..............................2
16........JWL1442-116............... Spring.................................................... ...............................................1
17........JWL1442-117............... Switch Bracket....................................... ...............................................1
18........JWL1442-118............... Switch Assembly.................................... ...............................................1
19........TS-081C022................. Round Head Machine Screw..................10-24 x 3/8”.............................2
20........TS-081C052................. Round Head Machine Screw..................10-24 x 3/4”.............................2
21........JWL1442-121............... Bracket.................................................. ...............................................1
22........JWL1442-122............... Spindle Lock Pin.................................... ...............................................1
23........TS-0206031 ................. Hex Socket Cap Screw..........................10-24 x 5/8”.............................2
24........JWL1442-124............... C-Ring...................................................S19.........................................2
25........JWL1442-125............... Lever..................................................... ...............................................1
26........JWL1442-126............... Key........................................................5 x 5 x 30 ................................1
27........JWL1442-127............... Bushing ................................................. ...............................................1
28........JWL1442-128A ............ Bolt........................................................ ...............................................1
29........JWL1442-129............... Support Bracket..................................... ...............................................1
30........JWL1442-130............... Index Bracket......................................... ...............................................1
31........TS-0561081 ................. Hex Nut .................................................3/4”-10 ....................................1
32........TS-0267021 ................. Set Screw..............................................1/4”-20 x 1/4”...........................6
33........JWL1442-133............... Motor Cord ............................................ ...............................................1
34........JWL1442-134............... Key........................................................4 x 4 x 80 ................................1
35........JWL1442-135............... Motor.....................................................1HP, 1Ph ................................1
............JWL1442-MF ............... Motor Fan (not shown)........................... ...............................................1
............JWL1442-MFC............. Motor Fan Cover (not shown)................. ...............................................1
............JWL1442-CS................ Centrifugal Switch (not shown)............... ...............................................1
............JWL1442-CC ............... Capacitor Cover (not shown).................. ...............................................2
............JWL1442-SC................ Starting Capacitor (not shown)...............200MFD, 125VAC...................1
............JWL1442-RC ............... Running Capacitor (not shown)..............25uF, 250VAC.........................1
36........JWL1442-136............... Switch Box............................................. ...............................................1
37........JWL1442-137............... Spring.................................................... ...............................................1
38........JWL1442-138............... Sleeve................................................... ...............................................1
39........JWL1442-139............... C-Ring...................................................S16.........................................1
40........JWL1442-140............... Power Cord ........................................... ...............................................1
41........VB-M25........................ Belt........................................................M-25 .......................................1
42........JWL1442-142............... Spring.................................................... ...............................................1
25
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Headstock Assembly (continued)
Description
Index Part
No. No.
Size
Qty.
43........BB-6006LLB................. Ball Bearing...........................................6006LLB .................................1
44........JWL1442-144............... C-Ring...................................................S32.........................................1
45........JWL1442-145............... Shifting Lever Bracket............................ ...............................................1
46........JWL1442-146............... Rack...................................................... ...............................................1
47........JWL1442-147............... Strain Relief Bushing ............................. ...............................................2
48........TS-0207061 ................. Hex Socket Cap Screw..........................1/4”-20 x 1”..............................1
49........TS-0561011 ................. Hex Nut .................................................1/4”-20 ....................................1
50........JWL1442-150............... Pulley Cover.......................................... ...............................................1
51........TS-0081031 ................. Hex Head Bolt .......................................5/16”-18 x 3/4”.........................2
52........TS-0720081 ................. Lock Washer..........................................5/16” .......................................2
53........JWL1442-153............... Plate...................................................... ...............................................1
54........JWL1442-154............... Clamp.................................................... ...............................................1
55........JWL1442-155............... JET Label .............................................. ...............................................1
56........JWL1442-156............... Warning Label ....................................... ...............................................1
57........JWL1442-157............... Speed Label .......................................... ...............................................1
58........JWL1442-158............... Motor Label ........................................... ...............................................1
59........JWL1442-159............... Motor Pulley (left)................................... ...............................................1
60........JWL1442-160............... Motor Pulley (right) ................................ ...............................................1
61........JWL1442-161............... Spindle Pulley (left)................................ ...............................................1
62........JWL1442-162............... Spindle Pulley (right).............................. ...............................................1
63........TS-081C022................. Round Head Machine Screw..................10-24 x 3/8”.............................4
64........JWL1442-164............... Knock Out Rod ...................................... ...............................................1
65........TS-081C082................. Pan Head Screw....................................10-24 x 1-1/2”..........................1
66........JWL1442-166............... Clip........................................................ ...............................................1
67........TS-056007 ................... Hex Nut .................................................10-24 ......................................2
68........JWL1442-168............... Spanner Wrench.................................... ...............................................1
69........JWL1442-169............... Index Pin ............................................... ...............................................1
70........JWL1442-170............... Star Washer...........................................3/16” .......................................1
71........JWL1442-171............... Hex Socket Cap Screw.......................... ...............................................1
72........JWL1442-172............... Spring.................................................... ...............................................1
73........JWL1442-173............... Index Knob ............................................ ...............................................1
74........JWL1442-174............... Index Shaft ............................................ ...............................................1
75........JWL1442-175............... Spring.................................................... ...............................................1
76........JWL1442-176............... Index Bushing........................................ ...............................................1
77........JWL1442-PL ................ Headstock Pivot Label ........................... ...............................................1
26
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Stand Assembly (optional accessory)
Stand Assembly
Index Part
No. No.
Description
Size
Qty.
3..........JWL1642-203............... Stand..................................................... ...............................................2
5..........JWL1642-205............... JET Stripe.............................................. ...............................................1
6..........JWL1642-206............... Adjustable Foot......................................3/8” .........................................4
7..........TS-0561031 ................. Hex Nut .................................................3/8” .........................................4
9..........TS-0208081 ................. Hex Socket Cap Screw..........................5/16”-18 x 1-1/2”......................8
10........TS-0680032 ................. Flat Washer...........................................5/16” .......................................8
27
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JWL-1442VS Safety Guard (optional accessory)
Safety Guard
1. Mount the guard bracket (A) to the headstock with two 3/8” flat washers, two 3/8” lock washers and
two 3/8”-16 x 1-1/2” socket head cap screws (B).
2. Attach the guard (C) to the guard bracket by inserting the rod and lifting up on the plunger (D).
3. There are two detents that will hold the guard in place. One is for turning and the other is for when
you need the guard up and out of the way. Simply lift up on the plunger and rotate the guard until the
plunger slips into the detent.
4. Tighten the bushings (E) against the bracket with two setscrews (F).
28
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Safety Guard Assembly
Safety Guard Assembly
Index Part
No. No.
Description
Size
Qty.
1..........JWL1442-301............... Guard Bracket ....................................... ...............................................1
2..........TS-0270011 ................. Set Screw..............................................5/16”-18x1/4”...........................2
3..........JWL1642-187............... Collar..................................................... ...............................................2
4..........TS-0680041 ................. Flat Washer...........................................3/8” .........................................2
5..........TS-0720091 ................. Lock Washer..........................................3/8” .........................................2
6..........TS-0209071 ................. Socket Head Cap Screw........................3/8”-16x1-1/2” .........................2
7..........JWL1642-168............... Plunger.................................................. ...............................................1
8..........JWL1642-179............... Guard.................................................... ...............................................1
29
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the tool basket swings in a level manner. Tighten
the two hex socket cap screws.
Tool Basket
1. Mount the bracket (A, Fig. 1) to the inside of
the lathe leg with two 5/16”-18 x 1-1/2” Hex
Socket Cap Screws, four 5/16” flat washers
and two 5/16” hex nuts (B, Fig. 1).
2. The two setscrews, on the bracket should be
below the bolts and accessible for
adjustment.
3. Place the arm of the tool basket into the
bracket and tighten with a 5/16”-18 x 5/8” set
screw and a 5/16” hex nut (C, Fig. 1). Line
up the notch in the arm with the setscrews
so the tool basket can pivot.
4. Adjust the set screws on the bracket so that
Parts Breakdown
Basket Assembly
Description
Index Part
No. No.
Size
Qty.
1..........JWL1642-228............... Basket ................................................... ...............................................1
2..........TS-0270061 ................. Set Screw..............................................5/16”-18x5/8”...........................1
3..........TS-0570021 ................. Hex Nut .................................................5/16” .......................................3
4..........JWL1642-226............... Bracket.................................................. ...............................................1
5..........TS-0680032 ................. Flat Washer...........................................5/16” .......................................4
6..........TS-0267021 ................. Set Screw..............................................1/4”-20x1/4”.............................2
7..........TS-0208081 ................. Hex Socket Cap Screw..........................5/16”-18x1-1/2”........................2
30
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Wiring Diagram
31
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WMH Tool Group
2420 Vantage Drive
Elgin, IL 60123
Phone: 800-274-6848
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