Intel Modem MD566X User Manual

Programmer’s Guide

MD566X

July 2001

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56K V.92 Data, Fax, and Voice Chipset

CONVENTIONS

This section lists conventions used in this data book.

Note: S-registers and AT commands are in bold typeface throughout this document.

Abbreviations

Symbol

Units of measure

°C

degree Celsius

microfarad

µF

µs

microsecond (1,000 nanoseconds)

hertz (cycle per second)

kilobit (1,024 bits)

K (memory)

kbits/second

kHz

kilobit (1,000 bits) per second

kilohertz

kΩ

kilohm

Mbyte (memory) megabyte (1,048,576 bytes)

MHz

megahertz (1,000 kilohertz)

milliampere

millisecond (1,000 microseconds)

nanosecond

picovolt

volt

watt

Acronyms

Acronym

Definition

alternating current

‘Attention’ command prefix for Hayes AT^∗command

set (for example, ‘ATDT 123’)

CMOS

complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

direct current

DAA

data access arrangement

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Acronyms

Acronym

Definition (Continued)

DRAM

EPROM

FIFO

dynamic random-access memory

electrically programmable read-only memory

first in/first out

HDLC

ISA

high-level data link control

industry standard architecture

least-significant bit

LSB

MSB

most-significant bit

NVRAM

PPP

non-volatile random-access memory

point-to-point protocol

RAM

random-access memory

read-only memory

ROM

R/W

read/write

SDLC

SQFP

SRAM

TTL

synchronous data link control

shrink quad flat pack

static random-access memory

transistor-transistor logic

universal asynchronous receiver transmitter

very-tight-pitch quad flat pack

UART

VQFP

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1. INTRODUCTION

The MD566X Programmer’s Guide describes the software interface of Intel’s V.90/V.92 56K

solution. The programmer’s guide includes the AT command sets for data, fax, and voice and the

16C450/16C550A UART emulation. The programmer’s guide should be used with the following

Intel publications: the MD566X Datasheet, the IS-101 Voice Application Note, and the Class 1 Fax

Application Note. Please note that supported AT commands are firmware revision-dependent.

IMPORTANT: The AT commands in this document are supported by firmware versions

6.06 and above for V.90 and 7.XX for V.92.

Like the earlier solutions from Intel, the V.90/V.92 56K family of products supports a variety of

applications without the need of additional firmware development. The MD566X solutions

described in Table 1-1 are currently available except as noted.

Table 1-1. Intel^®V.90/V.92 56K Chipsets

Chipset

Contents (Qty)

Notes

MD4450C-SC-B (1)

MD5660AM-S101 MD5660T-M-A (1)

MD1724-11VC-B (1)

Data, Fax, Voice

Parallel/Serial (RS232) interfaces

MD4451C-VC-B (1)

MD5661AM-V101 MD5661DT-L-A (1)

MD1724-11VC-B (1)

Data, Fax, Voice

PCMCIA interface

MD4450C-SC-B (1)

MD5662AM-S101 MD5660DT-M-A (1)

MD1724-11VC-B (2)

Data, Fax, Voice, Speakerphone

Parallel/Serial (RS232) interfaces

MD4450C-SC-B (1)

MD5663AM-V101 MD5661DT-L-A (1)

MD1724-11VC-B (1)

Data, Fax, Voice

MD4452C-VC-B (1)

MD5661DT-L-A (1)

S13014 (1)

S13021 (1)

CompactFlash

Data, Fax

MD5664GL-V101

MD4452C-VC-B (1)

MD5661DT-L-A (1)

S13012 (1)

CompactFlash

Data, Fax

MD5664US-V101

S13021 (1)

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1.1 V.92, V.90 and V.34 Data Modes

Intel® MD566X chipsets default to the ITU-T V.90 or V.92 data transmission mode depending on

the firmware version. The V.90/V.92 mode allows receive data rates of up to 56 kbps over the

PSTN (public switched telephone network) only in connections with equipment-compatible ISPs

(Internet Service Providers); however, FCC regulations limit receive speeds to 53,333 kbps due to

excessive power demands at higher speeds. In modem-to-modem connections V.90/V.92 mode falls

back to the V.34 mode in both the transmit and receive directions.

1.2 Modem Connection Overview

The DCE (modem) operates in one of two states: command or online. In each state, both data and

commands (including DCE responses) are transferred through the UART THR (Transmit Holding

The modem defaults to the command state. In the command state, the DTE (host) communicates to

the modem through AT commands and S-registers. AT commands are character strings that help

guide modem operation. S-registers are internal modem registers that the DTE can access. The S-

registers contain modem status and configuration information. Many of the AT commands

indirectly affect the contents of the S-registers. The MD566X’s AT command set and S-registers

are divided into the following modes: Group 3 fax, data, V.42/MNP, voice. See Chapter 2 on page 8

for command table summaries.

All command lines sent to the modem, except for A/, must be preceded by an ‘AT’ (which stands

for ‘attention’) and terminated by the contents of S-register S3 (typically a carriage return <CR>).

The ‘AT’ prompts the modem to receive a command line from the DTE. A <CR> informs the

modem that the entire command string has been transmitted and that the modem should start

processing all the commands within the command line.

A command line may include one or more AT commands that may or may not be separated by a

space. AT commands may be either upper- or lower-case characters, but all characters for a given

command must use the same case. If there are multiple commands in a line, a semicolon (;) must be

placed after each fax or voice command. The modem can be configured to send back (echo) to the

DTE any data that the DTE sends to the modem (while in command state only). The last command

may be repeated by typing A/ without using a carriage return. Each command line may include up

to 80 characters and spaces.

Examples of AT command strings:

ATS1?<CR>

AT &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=? <CR>

AT &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=?; S0=1 <CR>

The modem provides status information to the DTE in the form of response codes. These response

codes can be expressed in text or numeric form. The supported response codes for V.90 mode are

provided in Table 2-10 on page 21 and V.34 response codes are included in Table 2-11 on page 22.

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Examples of modem responses:

ERROR

CONNECT 28800

In the online state, the DCE is off-hook and communicating with a remote modem. Any data sent

from the DTE to the DCE is transmitted to the remote modem. Similarly, any data that the DCE

receives from the remote modem is transmitted to the DTE.

Note: In the online state, the DCE does not ‘echo-back’ any of the data that the DTE sent to the DCE.

The modem recognizes AT commands from the DTE at any valid data rate from 300 bps to 115,200

bps (that is, the modem autobauds up to 115,200 bps); however, the DTE should use the data rate

specified for each mode according to the transmitting direction — DTE-to-modem (Table 1-2) or

modem-to-modem (Table 1-3).

Table 1-2. DTE-to-DCE Data Rates for Each Mode

Mode

Data (V.34)

Data Rate (bps)

Affected Data

2400–115,200

28,800–115,200

19,200

Data (V.90)

Data (V.92)

Fax

DTE-to-modem data rate

AT commands, playback and record modes

(varies according to compression type)

Voice

19,200–115,200

Table 1-3. DCE-to-DCE Data Rates for Each Mode

Mode

Data (V.34)

transmit and receive

Data Rate (bps)

Affected Data

2400–33,600

4800–33,600

28,800–56,000

24,000–48,000

28,800–56,000

Data (V.90) transmit

Data (V.90) receive

(ISP connections only)

DTE-to-modem data rate

Data (V.92) transmit

Data (V.92) receive

(ISP connections only)

Fax

2400–14,400

Not applicable

Voice

Not applicable

Each command may have one or more parameters associated with it. If a parameter is not sent for a

command requiring a numeric parameter, then the modem assumes a zero (“0”) parameter (only if

zero is a valid parameter for the command). For example, ATZ and ATZ0 commands perform

identical functions (that is, the modem sees ‘ATZ’ and automatically uses the ‘0’ parameter during

processing the command). Other commands do not use parameters.

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2. AT COMMAND SUMMARY TABLES

This section contains summary tables of all AT commands, S-registers, and manufacturing-only

commands. These commands are described fully in the relevant sections of the Programmer’s

Guide.

Table 2-1. Data Mode Command Summary

Reported by

&Vn

Note

Command

Function

Repeat last command

Default

Range

none

–

Answer

Select ITU-T or Bell*

0–3

yes

Selects ITU-T V.22 at 1200 bps and ITU-T

V.21 at 300 bps

Selects Bell 212A at 1200 bps and Bell 103J

at 300 bps

Selects ITU-T V.23 only. The originating

modem transmits at 75 bps (and receives at

1200 bps); the answering modem receives at

75 bps (and transmits at 1200 bps)

Selects ITU-T V.23 only. The originating

modem transmits at 1200 bps (and receives

at 75 bps); the answering modem receives at

1200 bps (and transmits at 75 bps)

Carrier control option

Transmit carrier always off

Normal transmit carrier

Dial command

0, 1

none

–

Command mode echo

Disables echo

0, 1

yes

Enables echo

Online echo

0, 1

Enables online echo

Disables online echo

Switch hook control

Hangs up the telephone line

Picks up the telephone line

0–8, 10, 11,

14, 20–23

Identification/checksum option

Reports product code

Reports modem chip firmware version

Verifies ROM checksum

Reports chipset name

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Table 2-1. Data Mode Command Summary (Continued)

Reported by

&Vn

Note

Command

Function

Default

Range

Reserved

Reserved for modem chip hardware configu-

ration

Country code

Version of board manufacturer firmware

Modem firmware features

Modem board configuration — bits set by

board manufacturer

I10

I11

Modem board configuration — bits set by

board manufacturer

I12

I13

I14

I20

I21

I22

I23

Reserved

SAFE device

Intel silicon version

Intel firmware version

Intel manufacturer name

Intel product model

Speaker volume control

Low speaker volume

Medium speaker volume

High speaker volume

Speaker control

0–3

yes

0–3

Speaker always off

Speaker on until carrier present

Speaker always on

Speaker off during dialing; speaker on until

carrier present

Select data rate handshake

0, 1

yes

Handshake only at DTE-to-modem data rate

Begins handshake at DTE-to-modem data

rate and falls to highest compatible rate

Go online

Returns modem to Data mode

Retrains equalizer and then returns to Data

mode

Select pulse dialing

none

–

yes

Result code display control

Enables result codes

0, 1

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Table 2-1. Data Mode Command Summary (Continued)

Reported by

&Vn

Note

Command

Function

Disables result codes

Default

Range

Select an S-register

none

0–37

n=0–37

x=0–255

Sn=x

Write to an S-register

Sn?

Read from an S-register

Select tone dialing

none

0–33

–

Result code form

0, 1

yes

Choose numeric form

Choose verbose (text) form

Response code data rate

Reports DTE speed response codes

Reports DCE speed response codes

0, 2–4

yes

Reports DTE speed response codes and

information on error correction and data com-

pression

Reports protocol, data compression, and DTE

data rate

Result code type

0–4

yes

Enables result codes 0–4; disables detection

of busy and dial tone

Enables result codes 0–5, 10, and above; dis-

ables busy and dial tone detection

Enables result codes 0–6 and 10 and above;

disables busy detection and enables dial tone

detection

Enables result codes 0–5, 7, and 10 and

above; enables busy detection and disables

dial tone detection

Enables result codes 0–7 and 10 and above;

enables busy and dial tone detection

Long space disconnect

0, 1

yes

Disables long space disconnect

Enables long space disconnect

Recall stored profile

Resets modem and recalls user profile 0

Resets modem and recalls user profile 1

DCD (data carrier detect) option

&Cn

yes

Ignores remote modem status; DCD always

&C0

&C1

&Dn

DCD set according to remote modem status

DTR (data terminal ready) option

0–3

yes

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Table 2-1. Data Mode Command Summary (Continued)

Reported by

&Vn

Note

Command

Function

Default

Range

&D0

In Async mode, modem ignores DTR

Modem switches from data mode to com-

mand mode when an on-to-off transition of

DTR occurs

&D1

&D2

When DTR switches off, the modem goes on-

hook and disables Auto-answer mode; when

DTR switches on, auto-answer is enabled

Turning off DTR re-initializes the modem and

resets values except UART registers

&D3

Load factory defaults

none

–

Guard tone option (1200 bps and 2400 bps

only)

&Gn

0–2

yes

&G0

&G1

Disables guard tone

Enables 550-Hz guard tone

Enables 1800-Hz guard tone

Select serial flow control

&G2

&Kn

0, 3, 4

yes

&K0

Disables flow control

&K3

Bidirectional hardware flow control

XON/XOFF software flow control

&K4

Communication mode option — modem sup-

ports only Async mode

&M0

&Pn

&P0

Dial pulse ratio

0, 1

yes

Sets 10-pps pulse dial with 39%/61% make-

break

Sets 10-pps pulse dial with 33%/67% make-

break

&P1

&Q0

Communication mode option — modem sup-

ports only Async mode

yes

&Sn

&S0

DSR (data set ready) option

DSR is always active

0, 1

DSR active only during handshaking and

when carrier is lost

&S1

&Tn

&T0

&T1

&T8

&Un

&U0

&U1

&Vn

&V0

&V1

Self test commands

0, 1, 8

Terminates test in progress

Initiates local analog loopback

Initiates local analog loopback with self-test

Disable Trellis coding

0, 1

yes

Enables Trellis coding with QAM as fallback

QAM modulation only

View active and stored profiles

View active profile and stored profile 0

View active profile and stored profile 1

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Table 2-1. Data Mode Command Summary (Continued)

Reported by

&Vn

Note

Command

Function

Stored active profile

Default

Range

0, 1

&Wn

&W0

&W1

&Yn

&Y0

&Y1

Store in user profile 0

Store in user profile 1

Select stored profile on power up

Recall stored profile 0 on power-up

Recall stored profile 1 on power-up

0, 1

yes

n = 0–3

Store telephone number (up to 30 digits) to

location “n” (0–3)

x = 0–9 A B C

D # * T P R W

@ , ! ;

&Zn=x

none

%En

%E0

%E1

%Gn

%G0

%G1

-Cn

Auto-retrain control

0, 1

0–2

yes

Disables auto-retrain

Enables auto-retrain

Rate renegotiation

yes

Disabled

Enabled

Generate data mode calling tone

Calling tone disabled

1300-Hz calling tone enabled

V.8 calling tone and 1300-Hz calling tone

Identify modem manufacturer

Identify product model

Identify product revision

-C0

-C1

-C2

+GMI?

+GMM?

+GMR?

none

–

V90, 1,

0, 0

+MS=m

Modulation selections

See note ^a

+PCW=m

+PMH=m

+PMHT=m

+PMHR

Call waiting enable

0, 1, 2

0, 1

Modem on hold enable

Modem on hold timer

0 - 13

0, 1

Initiate modem on hold

PCM upstream ignore

V.92 modem on hold hook flash

V.92 phase 1 and phase 2 control

Use short sequence

none

+PIG=m

+PMHF

none

+PQC=m

+PSS=m

0, 1, 2, 3

0, 1, 2

a. See the +MS=m description on Table 3-4 of the MD566X Programmer’s Guide for a full command description of parameter ranges. For Data mode, the factory

default setting is AT+MS=V90, 1, 0, 0 to send at speeds of 33,600 bps or below and receive at speeds of 53,333 bps and below.

Value saved in NVRAM. **Command not preceded by an “AT”.

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Table 2-2. V.44 / V.42 / V.42 bis MNP^∗Command Summary

Reported

by &Vn

Note

Command

Function

Default

Range

%An

%Cn

%C0

%C1

\An

Set auto-reliable fallback character

MNP 5 data compression control

No compression

0–127

0, 1

yes

Enables MNP5 data compression

MNP block size

0–3

yes

\A0

Maximum 64 characters

Maximum 128 characters

Maximum 192 characters

Maximum 256 characters

Transmit break

\A1

\A2

\A3

\Bn

none

0–9

0–2

\Cn

Set auto-reliable buffer

No data buffering

yes

\C0

Four-second buffer until 200 characters in

the buffer or detection of a SYN character

\C1

\C2

No buffering. Connects non-V.42 modems

to V.42 modem

\Gn

\G0

\G1

\Jn

Set modem port flow control

Disables port flow control

Sets port flow control to XON/XOFF

bps rate adjust control

Disables rate adjust

0, 1

0–5

yes

\J0

\J1

Enables rate adjust

\Kn

Set break control

In connect state, transmits break to remote (if in Reliable mode):

\K0, 2, 4

\K1

Enters Command mode, no break sent

Destructive/expedited

\K3

Nondestructive/expedited

\K5

Nondestructive/nonexpedited

In command state, transmits break to remote (if in Reliable mode):

\K0, 1

\K2, 3

\K4, 5

Destructive/expedited

Nondestructive/expedited

Nondestructive/nonexpedited

In connect state, receives break at modem port (if in Direct mode):

Immediately sends break and enters com-

mand state

\K0, 2, 4

\K1, 3, 5 Immediately sends the break through

In connect state, receives break at modem port and sends to serial port:

\K0, 1

Destructive/expedited

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Table 2-2. V.44 / V.42 / V.42 bis MNP^∗Command Summary (Continued)

Reported

by &Vn

Note

Command

Function

Default

Range

\K2, 3

\K4, 5

Nondestructive/expedited

Nondestructive/nonexpedited

Set operating mode

\Nn

0–4

yes

Selects Buffer (Normal) mode with speed

buffering

\N0, \N1

\N2

\N3

\N4

Selects MNP Reliable mode

Selects V.42 Auto-reliable mode

Selects V.42 Reliable mode

Originate reliable link

none

–

\Qn

\Q0

\Q1

\Q2

\Q3

\T0

Set serial port flow control

Disables flow control

0–3

yes

XON/XOFF software flow control

Unidirectional hardware flow control

Bidirectional hardware flow control

Disables inactivity timer

0–90

–

yes

Accept reliable link

none

\Xn

\X0

Set XON/XOFF pass-through

Processes flow control characters

0, 1

yes

Processes flow control characters and

passes to local or remote

\X1

Switch to Reliable mode

Switch to Normal mode

Set V.42 detect phase

none

–

-Jn

-J0

-J1

"Hn

“H0

0, 1

yes

Disables the V.42 detect phase

Enables the V.42 detect phase

V.42 bis compression control

Disables V.42 bis

0–3

yes

Enables V.42 bis only when transmitting

data

“H1

“H2

Enables V.42 bis only when receiving data

Enables V.42 bis for both transmitting and

receiving data

“H3

"On

V.42 bis string length

6–250

yes

3,0,0,

471,942,

+DS44=m

V.44 data compression

140,140, See note ^a

1884,

3768

a. See the +DS44=m description in Table 3-4 for a full command description of parameter ranges.

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Value saved in NVRAM.

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Table 2-3. Fax Identity Command Summary

Reported

by &Vn

Command

Function

Default

Range

+FMDL?

+FMFR?

+FMI?

Identifies product model

none

–

Identifies modem manufacturer

Identifies product model

+FMM?

Identifies product version num-

ber

+FMR?

none

–

Identifies product version num-

ber

+FREV?

Table 2-4. Fax Class 1 Command Summary

Reported

by &Vn

Command

Function

Mode selection

Default

Range

+FCLASS=1

+FRH=n

0, 1, 8

Receive HDLC data

none

+FRM=n

24, 48, 72, 73, 74, 96, 97,

98, 121, 122, 145, 146

Receive data

none

+FRS=n

+FTH=n

+FTM=n

Wait for silence

none

1–255

Transmit HDLC data

24, 48, 72, 73, 74, 96, 97,

98, 121, 122, 145, 146

Transmit data

none

+FTS=n

Stop transmission and pause

0–255

Table 2-5. IS-101 Voice Command Summary

Command Function

+FCLASS=8 Voice mode selection

Reported

by &Vn

Default

Range

0, 1, 8

+FLO=n

+VBT=m

+VCID=n

+VDR=m

Flow Control Select

Buffer threshold setting

Caller ID selection

0–2

192, 320

0–2

0–255,

0–255

Distinctive Ring selection

0,0

+VEM=m

‘C’

BB860980

BFE63883

BB863EE0

Event reporting and masking

–

+VGM=n

+VGR=n

+VGS=n

Speakerphone microphone gain

Receive gain selection

128

121–131

121-131

Speakerphone speaker gain

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Table 2-5. IS-101 Voice Command Summary (Continued)

+VGT=n

+VIP

Volume selection

128

121–131

–

Initialize parameter

–

+VIT=n

+VLS=n

+VNH=n

+VRA=n

+VRN=n

+VRX

DTE/DCE inactivity timer

Relay/speaker control

0–255

0–16

0–2

Automatic hang-up control

Ringback-goes-away timer

Ringback-never-appeared timer

Record mode

0–50

0–255

–

none

128, 50

+VSD=m

+VSM=m

Silence detection (quiet and silence)

See note

140, 8000, 0,

Compression method selection

See note

+VSP=n

#VSPS=n

+VTD=n

+VTS=m

+VTX

Speakerphone on/off control

Speakerphone type selection

Beep tone duration timer

DTMF and tone generation

Play mode

0, 1

100

none

5–255

See note

–

NOTE: See the complete command description in the MD566X Programmer’s Guide for range

information.

* The noted parameters, commands, and responses depend on the capability to receive.

Table 2-6. Voice DTE→DCE Character Pairs

Response

Hex Code

Function

<NUL>

Do nothing

Two contiguous <DLE><DLE> codes indicate a single

<DLE> in the data stream

<DLE>

<SUB>

<DLE><DLE> in data stream

End transmit data state

<ETX>

Start of DTMF tone shielding

DTMF transition to off

<DEL>

Bump up the volume

Bump down the volume

<ESC>

End receive data state

Receive data abort

<CAN>

Clear transmit buffer of voice data

Transmit buffer space available query

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Table 2-7. Voice DTE←DCE Character Pairs

Response

Hex Code

Function

<DLE>

<SUB>

<ETX>

Single <DLE> character in the data stream

<DLE><DLE> in data stream

End of Record mode data

Packet header for ‘Complex Event Detection Report’

Packet terminator for the ‘Complex Event Detection

Report’

30–39

41–44

Start of DTMF tone shielding

DTMF transition to off

<DEL>

0–9

A–D

DTMF tones 0–9

DTMF tones A–D

DTMF tone *

DTMF tone #

Receive buffer overrun

1100-Hz fax calling tone

1300-Hz data calling tone

Local phone goes on hook

Local phone goes off hook

Presumed hang-up silence time-out

Presumed end-of-message quiet time-out

Loop current interruption

Loop current polarity reversal

Ringback

Busy/reorder/fast busy

Dial tone detected

Transmit buffer under-run

Line voltage increase (extension phone goes on-hook)

Line voltage decrease (extension phone goes off-hook)

Fax or data answer tone (2100 Hz)

Data answer detected (2225 Hz)

Incoming ring

25, 26, 27,

28, 29

% ‘ (,)

Manufacturer-specified

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Table 2-8. Dial Modifiers

Command

Function

0 to 9

Dialing digits

A, B, C, D, *, # Tone dial characters

Pulse dial

S=n

Reverse Originate mode

Dial NVRAM telephone number

Tone dial

Wait for dial tone

Pause

Flash hook

;

Wait for quiet answer

Return to command state

Ignored by modem

Redial last number

- ( )

Note: The manufacturing-only S-registers S91 and S92 are listed in the Manufacturing-Only Commands in

Table 2-13 on page 23.

* Value saved in NVRAM.

Table 2-9. S-Register Summary

Reported

by &Vn

Note Register

Function

Default

Range

0–255

Units

No. of rings to auto-answer on

Ring count

ring

yes

0–255

0–127

0–32, 127

2–255

1–255

0–255

1–255

50–255

0–255

–

ring

Escape character

ASCII

Carriage return character

Line feed character

Backspace character

Wait before dialing

Wait for carrier

second

0.1 second

Pause time for dial modifier

Carrier recovery time

Lost carrier hang up delay

DTMF dialing speed

Guard Time

S10

S11

S12

S14

S16

S18

S21

138

(0.02 second)

–

Bit-mapped options

Modem test options

Modem test timer

–

0–255

–

second

–

yes

Bit-mapped options

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Table 2-9. S-Register Summary (Continued)

Note Register Function

Bit-mapped options

Reported

by &Vn

Default

Range

Units

S22

S23

S25

S27

S30

S31

S33

S37

118

none

–

Bit-mapped options

Detect DTR change

0–255

–

0.01 second

yes

Bit-mapped options

–

Disconnect inactivity timer

Bit-mapped options

0–255

–

minute

yes

–

Sleep mode timer

0–90

0–35

second

–

yes

Maximum line speed attempted

Note: The manufacturing-only S-registers S91 and S92 are listed in the Manufacturing-Only Commands

in Table 2-13 on page 23.

* Value saved in NVRAM.

Table 2-10. V.90/V.92 Mode DCE-to-ISP Response Codes

Verbose Code

CONNECT 33333

Numeric Code

CONNECT 37333

CONNECT 41333

CONNECT 42667

CONNECT 44000

CONNECT 45333

CONNECT 46667

CONNECT 48000

CONNECT 49333

CONNECT 50667

CONNECT 52000

CONNECT 53333

CONNECT 54666

CONNECT 56000

CONNECT (DTE protocol) / data

compression / TX:(DCE transmit data

rate) / RX:(DCE receive data rate)

See Note following

T a ble 2-12 on page 23

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Table 2-11. V.34 Mode DCE-to-DCE Response Codes

Verbose Code

Numeric Code

CONNECT 2400

CONNECT 4800

CONNECT 7200

CONNECT 9600

CONNECT 12000

CONNECT 14400

CONNECT 16800

CONNECT 19200

CONNECT 21600

CONNECT 24000

CONNECT 26400

CONNECT 28800

CONNECT 31200

CONNECT 33600

CONNECT (DTE protocol) / data compression / TX:(DCE transmit

data rate) / RX:(DCE receive data rate)

See Note following

T a ble 2-12 on page 23

Table 2-12. DTE-to-DCE Data Rate Response Codes

Verbose Code

Numeric Code

CONNECT

RING

NO CARRIER

ERROR

NO DIAL TONE

BUSY

NO ANSWER

CONNECT 1200

CONNECT 2400

CONNECT 4800

CONNECT 9600

CONNECT 19200

CONNECT 38400

CONNECT 57600

CONNECT 115200

CONNECT (DTE data rate) /(modulation)/(error correction)/(data com-

pression) / TX:(DCE transmit data rate) / RX:(DCE receive data rate)

See Note

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Note: The W3 AT command reports the special verbose code listed, which is used to evaluate the modem connection. The W0–W2 AT

commands report all other ‘CONNECT’ messages.

When the modem is configured for text responses using V1, the W3 verbose response provides information about the DTE data

rate, connection modulation, error correction protocol, data compression, and modem-to-modem data rate. When the modem is

configured for W3 and numeric responses using V0, the modem responds as if it were set up for W0.

Table 2-13. Manufacturing-Only Command Summary ^a

Note

Command

Function

Default

Range

*NCnn

!P=m

Country Select

–

Set plug-and-play board serial number

Select transmit level (-dBm)

none

0–255, 0–255, 0–255, 0–255

S91

0–15

S92

DTMF transmit level (-dBm)

0–15

#VGP0=n

#VGP1=n

#VGP2=n

%TTnn

Read/write to general-purpose pins 0–7

Read/write to general-purpose pins 8–15

Read/write to general-purpose pins 16–23

Tone test

See note

–

a. These commands are meant to be used by the board manufacturer and not in generic applications software for end users.

Value saved in NVRAM.

Note: Default values for #VGP0–2 =n are dependent on board design.

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3. BASIC DATA MODE AT COMMANDS

The 56K FastPath chipsets implement:

• Standard TIES-compatible AT commands and S-registers in data mode

• Standard EIA/TIA-578 AT commands in Class 1 fax mode

• Additional AT command sets for error correction, data compression and voice mode

In data mode, the AT commands configure the DCE (modem) to establish a connection with a

remote data modem. In data mode, the MD566X executes the AT commands for error

correction (MNP 2-4, V.42) and data compression (MNP 5, V.42 bis) described in Table 4-2 on

page 66, as well as the fax and voice mode commands AT+FCLASS=1 (fax) and

AT+FCLASS=8 (voice).

3.1 Using AT Commands to Access the S-Registers [Sn?, Sn=x,

The DTE can access the S-registers through the ATSn?, ATSn=x, and ? commands. For

example, to configure the modem to automatically answer a data modem call after two rings,

type ATS0=2.

Examples:

ATS0=2

ATS0?

ATS0=

AT?

Configures S-register S0 to “2”

Reads the contents of S-register S0

Configures S-register S0 to “0”

Reads the contents of the last accessed

(read or write) S-register

3.2 Modem Responses and Command Echo [En, Vn, Xn, Wn,

Qn]

The ATEn command configures the DCE to send back to the DTE any data that the DTE sent

to the DCE while in command mode. The ATVn command sets the DCE response codes to

either text or numeric form. For example, upon successfully processing an AT command

string, the DCE sends an “OK” (text) or a “0” (numeric) to the DTE.

Examples:

Modem Setup

Host Command

Modem Response

AT<CR>0<CR>

Echo, Numeric (E1, V0)

AT<CR>

ATS0?<CR>

ATS0?<CR>000<CR><LF>0<CR>

Echo, Text (E1, V1)

AT<CR>

AT<CR><CR><LF> OK<CR><LF>

ATS0?<CR>

ATS0?<CR><CR><LF>000<CR><LF><CR>

No Echo, Numeric (E0,

V0)

AT<CR>

0<CR>

ATS0?<CR>

000<CR><LF>0<CR>

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No Echo, Text (E0, V1)

AT<CR>

ATS0?<CR>

<CR><LF>000<CR><LF><CR><LF>OK

Configure the DCE to use different response codes using the ATWn command (see page 49). The

setting for the ATXn command (page 50) can affect which ATWn response codes are reported to

the DCE. The ATXn command configures the modem call progress detection and reporting

requirements during dialing (for example, dial tone and busy tone detection). The ATQn command

selects whether the modem sends result codes to the DTE.

For example, a connection is established with the remote modem as shown below (with LAPM

error correction and V.42 bis data compression). The telephone line (or modem-to-modem

connection) data rate is 33,600 bps and the local UART (DTE-to-modem) connection rate is

115,200 bps.

Telephone

UART

Line

Interface

LOCAL MODEM

REMOTE MODEM

DTE

(33,600 bps)

(115,200 bps)

Figure 3-1. Example of a Remote Connection

The modem then sends the “CONNECT” messages for the following three Wn commands:

1. ATW0

CONNECT 115200

2. ATW2

CONNECT 33600

3. ATW3

CONNECT 115200/V34/LAPM/V42B/TX=33600/RX=33600

3.3 Modem Reset and NVRAM Commands [DS=n, Zn, &F, &Vn,

&Yn, &Wn, &Zn=x]

On powering-up, the DCE defaults to the configuration specified in NVRAM. The DCE may then

be configured as needed. The DTE stores the DCE configuration in the NVRAM by first setting up

the current configuration and then sending an AT&Wn command. The DCE configuration stored

in the NVRAM is called a user profile. Two independent user profile configurations and four

telephone numbers can be stored. Either user profile configuration can be used for the power-up

defaults (AT&Yn). While in command mode, the DCE can be re-initialized at any time and the

user profile changed using the ATZn command. To configure the modem to factory defaults, the

AT&F command is used. A summary of the active user profile, two NVRAM user profiles, and

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previously-saved telephone numbers can be read from the modem using the view command,

AT&Vn. The AT&Zn=x command stores one of four telephone numbers in the NVRAM. To dial

these telephone numbers, use the ATDS=n command.

If the active profile is not stored in one of the two user profiles after setting up the modem, then the

current settings are lost when the commands ATZ or AT&F are issued or when the modem is

powered down.

Examples:

ATZ

Resets and then configures the modem to

NVRAM user profile 0.

AT&F S0=1 &W1

&Y1

&F configures the modem for factory defaults.

S0=1 configures the modem to answer after

one ring.

&W1 saves the active configuration to user

profile 1.

&Y1 configures the modem to use NVRAM user

profile 1 as the power-up defaults.

AT&Z2 = 9,

Stores a telephone number into the NVRAM as

phone number 2, which can be

(408)444-5555

re-dialed later using ATDS=2.

3.4 Modem Identification Commands [In, +FMI?, +FMR?, +FMM?,

+GMI?, +GMM?, +GMR?, +FMFR?, +FMDL?, +FREV?]

The modem provides product identification AT commands that help determine the modem’s

manufacturer, model number, and product revision. To provide flexibility with older software

application programs, the modem supports several commands that can be used to request a single

item of identification (such as a modem model number). Table 3-1 lists the commands used to

obtain product information (all identification commands are usable in data, fax, or voice mode).

Table 3-1. Product Identification Information

AT Commands

Product

Information

Pre-FastPath

Intel Modems

ATIn Command

Data Mode

Class 1 Fax Mode

Modem

Manufacturer

ATI4/ATI7

AT+GMI?

AT+FMI?

AT+FMFR?

Model Number

ATI3

ATI1

AT+GMM?

AT+GMR?

AT+FMM?

AT+FMR?

AT+FMDL?

AT+FREV?

Revision Number

Example:

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ATI1

Causes the modem to send the modem’s firmware

version to the DTE.

CD08.55-612 (10/19/99)PARALLEL-SPEAKERPHONE 05-DSP PATCH.001.55

Firmware version that is the modem’s response to

the command.

3.5 Establishing a Modem Connection [A, D, DS = n, S0]

Data mode provides several methods for establishing a connection with a remote modem. For each

modem, a connection can be initiated manually or automatically in both answer and originate

modes. A manual-to-manual connection is useful when both modems (that are on-hook) are

connected to an off-hook telephone line. For example, if two people are talking on the telephone,

they can manually establish a modem connection without first hanging up. When establishing a

manual connection, one modem must be designated as the originating modem and the other as the

answering modem. Manual originate mode is initiated by sending an ATD to the DCE. Manual

answer mode is accomplished by sending an ATA to the DCE.

Automatic originate mode is initiated by sending an ATD <telephone number & dial modifiers>

or ATDS=n to the DCE. Automatic-answer mode is accomplished by setting S-register S0 to a

non-zero value. S1 keeps track of how many ring signals are detected. If the content of S0 is non-

zero and the number of ring signals (as defined by S0) are detected (that is, S1 = S0), then the DCE

goes off-hook and attempts to connect to the remote modem (with the following exceptions):

1) The time period between the ring signals is greater than 8 seconds, which causes

the S1 counter to reset and thus never reach the value for S0.

2) Caller ID is enabled and S0=1, the modem answers on the second ring signal

instead of the first ring signal. This happens because Caller ID puts a signal on the

telephone line between the first and second ring signal.

Example:

ATDT9,444-5555

Automatically dials the telephone number with

DTMF tones. After dialing a “9”, the comma (,)

causes the modem to pause two seconds before

dialing the rest of the telephone number.

modem 1: ATD;

modem 2: ATA

When establishing a manual-to-manual connection,

the designated originating

modem should receive the ATD command from its

DTE just before the designated answering modem

receives the ATA command from its DTE.

It is important that the time between the ATD and

ATA commands is less than 2 seconds.

AT-C1DT 123

Causes the modem to dial the telephone number 123

and immediately start sending a data calling tone.

Calling tone can then be detected by the remote voice

mail system. After detecting the calling tone, the

remote system can change to data mode and start the

data modem connection handshake.

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3.6 Online Command Mode [Escape Codes, On]

After establishing a connection with a remote modem, the DTE sends the appropriate escape

sequence to the DCE, which causes the DCE to enter the online command mode. The online

command mode is used to send AT commands to the DCE while the DCE is still connected to the

remote modem. The supported escape sequences are described in Section 3.10. To re-enter the

online data mode, use the ATOn command.

Example:

1 second +++

1 second

Hayes Escape Sequence. Guard times (in which the

DTE does not send data to

the DCE) of 1 second are needed before and after the

three escape characters “+”.

+++AT<CR>

ATO

TIES (Time Independent Escape Sequence).

Causes the modem to re-enter online data mode.

3.7 Hanging Up [Hn, S10, Zn, &D2]

A modem connection terminates when the modem hangs up or when the remote modem transmit

carrier is off longer than the duration specified in S-register S10. To hang up, the DTE typically

sends an escape code sequence that causes the DCE to enter online command mode. Upon

receiving an “OK” message, the DTE sends either ATH or ATZn to the DCE. When the AT&D2

command is used, the modem goes on-hook (hangs up) after an on-to-off transition of the DTR

occurs.

Note: The ATZn command causes the DCE to hang up and re-initialize itself to the user profile specified

by ‘n’.

3.8 Modem-to-Modem Connection Data Rates

The data rates differ for each data mode selected. V.90 or V.92 is the default data mode depending

on the firmware version. For non-V.90 connections the chipsets fall back to V.34 mode. The

modem defaults to whatever mode is issued by the +MS=m command (see page 56). The

supported modulation types are listed in Table 3-2 on page 33. This table includes all modulation

types and the data rates for transmitting and receiving. In Data mode, the 56K chipsets can transmit

up to 48,000 bps (V.92 mode) or 33,600 bps (V.90 mode) and receive up to 53,333bps. Note that

the chipsets are capable of achieving 56,000 bps, but power limitations by the FCC limit actual

speeds to 53,333 bps. The 56K receive data rates can be achieved only in connections with

equipment-compatible ISPs (Internet Service Providers). In V.92 mode, the MD566X supports 3

new features: Quick Connect, Modem-on-Hold and Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) Upstream.

The Quick Connect (QC) feature reduces the time it takes to make a connection to your service

provider. The modem retains information of the line conditions from your previous connection and

uses this information to bypass parts of the training sequence. As a result, this provides faster

connections. Normal V.90 connections take about 25-30 seconds. With V.92 Quick Connect, your

connect times can be up to 50% faster.

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The V.92 Quick Connect feature is controlled by the +PSS and +PQC commands. The +PQC

command enables and disables the shorten phase 1 and or phase 2 startup procedures. The +PSS

command forces either a short or full startup procedure on the next and subsequent connections.

To enable the modem for V.92 Quick Connect, set +PSS=0 or 1 and +PQC=0. Refer to Table 3-4.

for the detailed description of these commands.

The Modem-on-Hold (MOH) feature allows you to receive an incoming voice call and stay

connected to the Internet and then return online after your conversation without having to redial.

This is very convenient where the same phone line is used for voice calls and data connections. To

receive an incoming call as described above requires that you have the Call-Waiting service from

your telephone company. In addition, the Caller ID service from your telephone company is

recommended but not required for MOH. This feature allows you to determine who is calling. The

"hold" time for your incoming call is define by your service provide. The MOH feature also allows

you put you data connection on hold and initiate a voice call and then return online after

completing your voice conversation. These two scenarios are described in detail in the modem-on-

hold flow charts.

The following sequence describes how to configure the modem for MOH to process an incoming

voice call while online. First, MOH must be enabled. The +PMH and +PCW commands are used

to enable MOH and to capture the Call Waiting tone which is sent when the voice call comes in. To

enable MOH, set +PMH=0 and +PCW=0. Next, to enable Caller ID information (optional), by

setting +VCID=1. Now the modem is configured for the incoming call. When you receive the

incoming call, the modem will get a ring indication and the software/application will issue a

+++AT to put the modem in command mode. Then, you will be prompted to either "Accept" or

"Reject" the call based on the Caller ID information (if enabled). If you reject the call, an ATO

command is issued to perform a Quick Connect to stay online. If you accept the call, the data

connection is put on hold, and the modem send ad request to the server to go on hold using the

+PMHR command. The server will accept enable (1-13 returned) or reject(0 returned) the request.

If the server accepts the request to go on hold, the modem issues the +PMHF to flash the hook to

connect the call. Now you can answer the phone and talk. After completing your voice

conversation, the modem will issue another +PMHF and ATO command to initiate a Quick

Connect. If the server rejects the request to go on hold, the user can stay on line (ATO command

issued) or disconnect from his initial data connection (ATH command issued).

The next sequence describes how to initiate a voice call while online. First, enable the MOH

feature by setting +PMH=0. When online, the user can initiate a voice call by first issuing +++AT

to put the modem in command mode. Then request the server to go on hold by issuing the +PMHR

command. The server will either accept (1-13 returned) or reject(0 returned) the request. If the

server accepts the request to go on hold, the modem issues the +PMHF to flash the hook and get

dial tone. You can then make a voice call. After completing the voice conversation, the modem

will issue another +PMHF and ATO command to initiate a Quick Connect. If the server rejects the

request to go on hold, the user can stay on line (ATO command issued) or disconnect from his

initial data connection (ATH command issued). Refer to Table 3-4 for the detailed description of

the V.92 commands.

The PCM Upstream feature allows you to upload data to the network up to 48,000 bps. This is an

improvement over the 33,600 bps maximum with V.90. This is beneficial when you are sending

large file, e-mail attachments and gaming on the Internet. The +PIG command is used to enable

and disable the PCM Upstream feature. To enable PCM Upstream, set +PIG=0. To disable PCM

Upstream, set +PIG=1.

Several V.34 modes are available (see Table 3-2). These provide different speeds. For example,

V34B offers a modem-to-modem data rate of 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600, 12,000, 14,400, 16,800,

19,200, 21,600, 24,000, 26,400, 28,800, 31,200, and 33,600 bps. For V.42, MNP, and Buffer

(Normal) modes, the modem provides speed buffering (see Chapter 4 starting on page 63), which

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allows the DTE-to-modem data rate to be different from the modem-to-modem data rate. Users can

take advantage of this feature by setting the DTE-to-modem rate to a high speed like 115,200 bps

and letting the modem negotiate the best line rate.

The MD566X chipsets can be configured (by the +MS=m command) to support either

asymmetrical or symmetrical connections. The modem transmits and receives at the same speed in

symmetrical connections and at different speeds in asymmetrical mode. V.90 and V.92 connections

are always asymmetrical. V.34 mode connections can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical. Note

that the transmitter speed and receiver speeds typically are different for most V.34 connections over

the PSTN.

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Modem-on-Hold: Incoming Voice Call in Data Mode

Enable MOH

(+PMH=0)

(+PCW=0)

Enable Caller ID

(Optional)

(+VCID=1)

Incoming

Call

HW Ring Indication

(+++AT)

Accept Call

Reject

Request to go on hold

Reject Call

(+PMHR)

Stay Online

(ATO)

Server

Accepts

Request?

No (Returns 0)

Yes

(Returns 1-13)

Disconnect?

Flash Hook

(+PMHF)

Yes

Answer Call

Finish Call

End Data Connection

(ATH)

Flash Hook

(+PMHF)

Go Back Online

(ATO)

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Modem-on-Hold: Initiating a Voice Call in Data Mode

Enable MOH

(+PMH=0)

Command Mode

(+++AT)

Request to go on hold

(+PMHR)

Server

Accepts

Request?

No (Returns 0)

Yes

(Returns 1-13)

Disconnect?

Yes

Flash Hook

(+PMHF)

Initiate Call

Finish Call

End Data Connection

(ATH)

Flash Hook

(+PMHF)

Go Back Online

(ATO)

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To configure the DTE-to-modem data rate (in data on-hook command mode), change the terminal

program COM port speed selection or write the appropriate divisor latch values for a given speed

to the UART Divisor Latch registers. Then send an AT<CR>or any other valid AT command to the

modem. The modem responds with an OKat the new data rate. All commands and modem

responses that follow use the new data rate.

Note: In command mode, the modem only changes its DTE-to-modem data rate after the Divisor Latch

The AT commands Bn, Nn, and +MS=m and S-register S37 define which modem-to-modem data

rates are supported by the modem. The following table shows the supported modulation types.

Each modulation supports one or more data rates.

Table 3-2. Supported Modulation Types

Description

V21

V22

V.21 300 bps

V.22 1200 bps

V22B

V23C

V32

V.22 bis 1200 and 2400 bps

V.23, with constant carrier; 1200 bps forward and 75 bps reverse

V.32 4800 and 9600 bps

V32B

V.32 bis 7200, 9600, 12,000, and 14,400 bps

V.34 asymmetrical connections: 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600, 12,000, 14,400, 16,800, 19,200,

21,600, 24,000, 26,400, and 28,800 bps

V34

V34B

V34S

V34BS

V.34 extended asymmetrical connections: 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600, 12,000, 14,400,

16,800, 19,200, 21,600, 24,000, 26,400, 28,800, 31,200, and 33,600 bps

V.34 symmetrical-only connections: 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600, 12,000, 14,400, 16,800,

19,200, 21,600, 24,000, 26,400, and 28,800 bps

V.34 extended symmetrical connections: 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600, 12,000, 14,400,

16,800, 19,200, 21,600, 24,000, 26,400, 28,800, 31,200, and 33,600 bps

56K V.90 asymmetrical connections (transmit): 4800, 7200, 9600, 12,000, 14,400, 16,800,

19,200, 21,600, 24,000, 26,400, and 28,800, 31,200, and 33,600 bps

V90

V92

56K V.90 asymmetrical connections (receive): 28,000, 29,333, 30,666, 32,000, 33,333,

34,666, 36,000, 37,333, 38,666, 40,000, 41,333, 42,666, 44,000, 45,333, 46,666, 48,000,

49,333, 50,666, 52,000 53,333, 54,666, and 56,000 bps

56K V.92 asymmetrical connections (transmit): 24,000, 25,333, 26,666, 28,000, 29,333,

30,666, 32,000, 33,333, 34,666, 36,000, 37,333, 38,666, 40,000, 41,333, 42,666, 44,000,

45,333, 46,666, 48,000 bps

56K V92 asymmetrical connection (receive): 28,000, 29,333, 30,666, 32,000, 33,333,

34,666, 36,000, 37,333, 38,666, 40,000, 41,333, 42,666, 44,000, 45,333, 46,666, 48,000,

49,333, 50,666, 52,000, 53,333, 54,666, 56,000 bps

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The allowable connection modulations and data rates are determined by the +MS=m command,

which uses four parameters: <carrier>, <automode>, <min rate>, and <max rate>.

The +MS=m <carrier> parameter defines the top modulation rate.

The <automode> parameter determines whether the modem connection is allowed to fall down to

a lower modulation rate if the connection can not be made at a specified modulation or if the

modem connection can only take place at the specified modulation. Setting <automode> to 1

allows the modem to connect at a slower <carrier> type than that specified. Setting <automode> to

0 allows the connection to use only the specified <carrier> type.

The <min rate> parameter defines the lowest data rate at which a modem connection can take

place. Setting <min rate> to 0 has one of two meanings depending on the <automode> setting.

When both <automode> and <min rate> are set to 0, then the lowest data rate at which the

connection can take place is the lowest data rate specified by the <carrier> parameter. If

<automode> is set to 1 and <min rate> is set to 0, then the lowest data rate is 300 bps.

The <max rate> parameter defines the highest data rate at which a modem connection can take

place. If the <max rate> is set to 0, the modem uses the DTE data rate or a slower <carrier> data

rate as the highest permitted connection data rate. This highest-permitted data rate means the

modem attempts to connect at this data rate but may connect at a slower rate because of line

impairment. If <max rate> and <automode> are set to 0 and the DTE data rate is below the lowest

data rate supported by the modulation rate, then the modem’s connection attempts always fail, and

the modem reports a “NO CARRIER” message.

If the +MS=m parameters contain conflicting information like “+MS=V34,1,14400,0” with a DTE

data rate of 2400 bps, then the modem’s connection attempts always fail, and the modem reports a

“NO CARRIER” message. This happens for two reasons. First, when the modem receives the

+MS=m command, the modem does not check for conflicts of valid parameter information.

Secondly, some of the same configuration information is provided by two other commands: Nn and

S37. The command issued last takes precedence.

+MS = <carrier >, <automode>, <min rate>, <max rate>

same as

S37

The Nn command specifies whether the modem should attempt to establish a connection using a

single modulation type or allow the connection to fall to a lower modulation type. Nn performs the

same function as the +MS=m <automode> parameter. Whatever command is issued last

configures the modem for any following connections. Thus, upon receiving the +MS=m command,

the modem changes the value for Nn.

When configured to N0, the modem only attempts a connection at the <carrier> rate specified by

S37, +MS=m, and Bn. If the remote modem does not support any of the <carrier> data rates, the

modem does not achieve a connection and responds back with a “NO CARRIER” message.

When configured to N1, the modem attempts to connect to the remote modem at the highest speed,

as defined by S37, +MS=m, and Bn. Since not all modems support (or are configured for) the same

modem-to-modem data rates, the modems may connect at a lower speed.

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S-register S37 specifies the maximum data rate that can be attempted during a modem connection.

If S37 is set to ‘0’, then the modem looks at the DTE rate to determine the maximum connection

data rate. If the DTE data rate doesn’t match one of the <carrier> data rates, then the modem uses

the next-fastest data rate.

The +MS command sets the modulation speeds in the MD566X chipsets; however, to set the

modulation to either V.22 or Bell 212, the B0 or B1 command also must be sent. To set the

modulation type to ITU-T V.22, send the B0 command; to set the modulation type to Bell 212, send

B1. These commands can be entered before or after the +MS command. For example, to set the

modulation to ITU-T V.22:

+MS = V22, 1, 1200, 1200; B0

It is important to remember that the ordering of commands is important in configuring the modem.

For example, if the DTE 9600 bps data rate and the AT commands are issued in the following

sequence, different connection rates result:

1. ATS37 = 0

AT+MS = V32B, 1, 0, 14400

2. AT+MS = V32B, 1, 0, 14400

ATS37 = 0

ATDT1234

CONNECT 14400

CONNECT 9600

Table 3-3 shows the resulting connection data rate when using non-default values. Because of

impairments on the telephone line, the actual connection speeds may be lower than the speeds

defined in this table.

For V.92, V.90 and V.34 modulations, the modem can receive data at a different data rate than the

transmit data rate. All other modulation types besides V.23 and V.34 use the same data rate for the

transmitter and receiver. Use ATW3 to see the modem’s actual receive and transmit data rates (the

modem must be configured for ATV1 text response codes). Table 3-3 shows examples of the

resulting connection rate when non-default values are used.

Table 3-3. Resulting DCE-to-DCE Connection Rates with Non-Default

Values

Originating

Modem

Answering

Modem

Resulting Connection Speed

9600 bps: the originating modem is configured

to attempt a maximum 28,800-bps connection,

but the answering modem is configured to

attempt a maximum data rate of 9600 bps.

+MS = V34, 1, 0, 0;

the UART data rate

= 115,200 bps

+MS = V32, 1, 0,

9600; the UART data

rate = 14,400 bps

+MS = V34, 0,

28,800, 28,800;

UART data rate =

115,200 bps

+MS = V32B, 1, 0,

9600; B1 and UART

data rate = 14,400

bps

No connection: the originating modem is con-

figured to attempt only a 28,800 bps connec-

tion, but the answering modem is configured to

attempt a maximum data rate of 9600 bps.

7200 bps: the originating modem is configured

to attempt connection at 7200 bps or below.

The answering modem is configured to attempt

a data rate of 9600 bps or below. The connec-

tion takes place at 7200 bps, the highest

speed supported by both modems.

N0, +MS = V32,

1, 0, 9600; S37 =

0; and UART data

rate = 7200 bps

+MS = V34, 1, 0,0;

UART data rate =

9600 bps

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3.9 Diagnostic Testing [S18, &Tn]

The &Tn command initiates loopback tests. Setting S-register S18 to a non-zero value determines

the length of testing after the modem receives the &Tn command. After the testing period elapses,

the modem halts the test and returns to command mode. To abort the test before the test timer has

timed out, enter the escape code sequence followed by AT&T0. Setting S18 to an ’0’disables the

test timer. In this case, the loopback test continues to run until an escape code, followed by AT&T0

(or ATH), is sent to the modem.

The modem provides a local analog loopback test (see Section 3.9.1) and local analog loopback

self-test (see Section 3.9.2) for testing modem-to-modem and DTE-to-modem communication

integrity in all modes except V.90 and V.92. After entering the loopback mode, the communication

integrity is checked by the DTE sending data to the modem and then checking the looped-back data

for errors. In addition, in the self-test mode the modem implements an internal data pattern

generator and checker that detects errors. When a data error occurs in self-test mode, the modem

increments an internal error counter. Upon completing the test, the modem sends a three-digit error

count to the DTE. These tests are illustrated in the following examples.

3.9.1 Local Analog Loopback [AT&T1]

This test is used by the local DTE to check the DTE-to-modem communication integrity. The local

DTE will not initiate the test from online command mode.

LOCAL MODEM

TXD

TRANSMITTER

DTE

RXD

RECEIVER

Figure 3-2. Local Analog Loopback Test

Local Modem (or Test Modem)

AT&F &W<CR>

Returns the modem to the factory de-

faults.

AT S18 = 0 &T1

CONNECT 115200

Causes the modem to run local analog

loopback without self-test.

Modem response code indicates that an-

alog loopback is enabled with a DTE

speed of 115200.

This is a test.

Test string that the user could type at

the keyboard. If the received data is

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the same as the test string, then the

DTE-to-modem communication channel is

working properly.

+++AT

TIES Escape Sequence is used to return

to command mode.

Modem enters command mode.

AT&T0

Terminates any loopback test.

Modem aborts analog loopback and stays

in command mode.

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3.9.2 Local Analog Loopback With Self-Test [AT&T8]

This test is used by the local DTE to check the DTE-to-modem communication integrity.

LOCAL MODEM

TXD

PATTERN

TRANSMITTER

GENERATOR

DTE

RXD

PATTERN

RECEIVER

CHECKER

Figure 3-3. Local Analog Loopback with Self-Test

Local Modem (or Test Modem)

AT&F &W<CR>

Returns the modem to the factory de-

faults.

AT S18=20 &T8

Causes the modem to start local analog

loopback with self-test for 20 sec-

onds.

After starting analog loopback, the mo-

dem goes back to command mode.

The modem responds to new commands.

000

After 20 seconds, the modem stops ana-

log loopback, sends

An error count to the DTE, and enters

command mode.

AT S18=0 &T8

Causes the modem to start local analog

loopback with self-test, which is only

terminated by AT&T0 or ATH.

After starting analog loopback, the mo-

dem goes back to command mode.

The modem responds to new commands.

AT&T0

After receiving AT&T0 or ATH, the modem

stops analog

000

loopback, sends an error count to the

DTE, and enters

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command mode.

3.10 AT Escape Sequences

The 56K family provides the industry-standard Time Independent Escape Sequence (TIES). The

DTE sends the escape sequence to return the modem to command state while in the online data

state (that is, connected to another modem) or in diagnostic mode (&Tn commands).

Intel also makes the Hayes^∗Escape Sequence available to customers; however, see the following

statement regarding licensing requirements.

Licensing Requirements for Hayes Escape Sequence

The Intel 56K FastPath chipsets are manufactured with TIES as the default setting. It is Hayes’ position that you

must either have or obtain a valid license from Hayes Microcomputer Products, Inc., of Norcross, Georgia, before

producing modem systems that use the Hayes Escape Sequence.

Intel accepts no responsibility and does not indemnify nor in any way provide protection for patent or possible patent

violations to its customers or users of its products.

3.10.1 Time-Independent Escape Sequence

The TIES (Time-Independent Escape Sequence), implemented with +++AT, was developed by a

group of modem manufacturers as an alternative to the Hayes Escape Sequence. TIES was

designed for compatibility with existing communication software written for the Hayes Escape

Sequence.

The DTE implements the escape sequence by sending the escape character (as defined in S2) three

times, followed by a valid AT command, and then the contents of S3 (typically a <CR>). Upon

detecting the three consecutive escape characters, the modem changes to TIES command mode and

starts an internal EPD (Escape Prompt Delay) timer (with the time limit defined by S12). The

modem then looks for one of the following conditions to occur:

1) No additional data is received and the EPD timer times out: the modem sends an

“OK” message to the DTE and then waits indefinitely for an incoming valid AT com-

mand string from the DTE. Until the modem receives a valid AT command, it moni-

tors any data received from the DTE and passes on the data to the remote modem

(that is, the modem does not echo back the received character to the DTE).

a) If the subsequent character received by the modem is not an ‘A’ or ‘a’, the

modem returns to data mode and sends a ‘CONNECT’ message back to the

DTE.

b) If the modem receives an “A” or “a”, it stores any additional data received from

the DTE in the modem’s internal command buffer and continues to send the

data to the remote modem. The modem then waits until the DTE sends a <CR>,

or up to 39 data characters, before deciding whether to go to command mode

or to return to data mode. Upon detecting a <CR> or receiving the 39 data char-

acters, the modem determines if a valid AT command has been received. If a

non-AT command string or an invalid command string has been received, then

the modem changes back to data mode and sends a “CONNECT” message to

the DTE. If a valid AT command has been received, the modem changes to

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command mode and sends an ‘OK’ message. After sending the “OK” message,

the modem echoes any received data from the DTE while in command mode.

2) An “A” or “a” is received from the DTE. The modem disables the EPD timer and

sends the character to the remote modem. The modem then stores any received

data from the DTE into the modem internal command buffer and sends the data to

the remote modem. Upon detecting a <CR> or receiving up to 39 data characters,

the modem determines if a valid AT command has been received; if so, it processes

the valid commands. If a non-AT command string or an invalid command string has

been received, then the modem remains in data mode. If a valid AT command has

been received, then the modem changes to command mode and sends an “OK”

message. After sending this, the modem (while in command mode) echoes back

any data received from the DTE.

3) Any character except an “A” or “a” is received from the DTE. The modem disables

the EPD timer and changes back to data mode.

3.10.2 Hayes^∗Escape Sequence

In this escape sequence, implemented with +++, the DTE sends the modem an escape character

three times, preceded and followed by guard times. Upon detecting the escape sequence, the

modem sends an “OK” response to the DTE. To re-enter the online data state, the DTE then sends

the modem ATO followed by the contents of S-register S3 (typically a <CR>).

The escape character is determined by the value stored in S-register S2 and is typically a ‘+’

character. Guard times are silence times when the DTE does not send any data to the modem.

Guard times ensure that the modem does not falsely detect an escape sequence if three consecutive

escape characters are received from the DTE. The preceding and following guard times are defined

in S-register S12. Typically, these guard times are 1 second. In addition to the preceding and ending

guard times, there are inter-character time-outs between each escape character sent. The inter-

character time-outs define the maximum amount of time allowed between characters before the

modem ignores the previous escape characters. This inter-character delay time is set to 1 second.

An example of the Hayes Escape Sequence follows:

Format: <gt 1><char1><tm 2><char2><tm3><char3><gt4>

gt1 = gt4 ≥ preceding and following guard times (S12)

tm2 = tm3 ≤ inter-character time-out (= 1 second)

char1 = char2 = char3 = escape character (S2)

Example:

DTE:

DCE:

1 second +++ 1 second

If an AT command string is received while in TIES command mode, the modem processes any

valid AT command. Upon detecting an invalid AT command, the modem changes back to data

mode and issues a “CONNECT” message to the DTE. While in TIES command mode, the modem

ignores certain characters that may cause the modem to incorrectly decide that an incoming AT

string is invalid. The ignore characters are <LF>, <space>, and <CR> (<CR> is ignored only when

S3 is not equal to <CR>). Not all AT commands are supported during TIES command mode. The

following is a list of supported commands:

En, Hn, Mn, On, Qn, Sn, Vn, Xn, and ‘&’ commands (except &Tn and &F)

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The escape character is determined by the value stored in S-register S2, and it is typically a ‘+’

character. The following is an example of the TIES Escape Sequence:

Format: <char1><char2><char3><AT command><contents of S3>

char1 = char2 = char3 = escape character (S2)

Example:

DTE:

DCE:

+++ AT<CR>

Note: TIES requires that the three-character escape sequence be contiguous and not repeated. The

character immediately preceding the first character of the three-character sequence cannot be the

same as the escape character. Therefore, “+++ AT <CR>” is valid, but “++++ AT <CR>” is not.

Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions

Note: ** denotes the factory-default setting.

Command

Default

Description

Repeat Last Command: This command re-executes the last AT command string

stored in the command buffer. A/ is the only command not preceded by AT and end-

ed by a carriage return.

none

Sending any character (such as a carriage return) after A/ and before a modem re-

sponse is sent to the DTE causes the modem to abort the remainder of the com-

mand string in the modem internal command buffer.

Answer Command: This command causes the modem to immediately go

off-hook and initiate an answer mode handshake without waiting for an in-

coming ring signal. This command is useful for manually answering a call or

establishing a back-to-back connection with an originate-mode modem.

none

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Select ITU-T or Bell^∗: This command selects the ITU-T or Bell configuration

for the modem.

n = 0

Selects ITU-T V.22 when the modem is at 1200 bps and ITU-T V.21

when the modem is at 300 bps.

n = 1**

n = 2

Selects Bell 212A when the modem is at 1200 bps and Bell 103J

when the modem is at 300 bps.

Selects ITU-T V.23 modulation connections only (that is, the mo-

dem does not connect for any other speed or modulation). The orig-

inating modem transmits at 75 bps (and receives at 1200 bps), and

the answering modem transmits at 1200 bps (and receives at 75

bps).

n = 3

Selects ITU-T V.23 modulation connections only (that is, the mo-

dem does not connect for any other speed or modulation). The orig-

inating modem transmits at 1200 bps (and receives at 75 bps), and

the answering modem transmits at 75 bps (and receives at

1200 bps).

Carrier Control Option: This command is reserved for selecting between

controlled carrier or constant carrier modes. This modem supports only con-

stant carrier mode.

n = 0

Transmit carrier always off (returns an ERROR message)

Normal transmit carrier (constant carrier)

n = 1**

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Dial Command: This command causes the modem to immediately go off-

hook as an originating modem and dial a telephone number with correspond-

ing dial modifiers. Dial modifiers are parameters that define how the modem

should dial the telephone number.

Dial Modifiers

0–9

Dialing Digits

A, B, C,

D, *, #

Tone Dial Characters

Pulse Dial—configures the modem to use pulse dialing to

dial a telephone number.

Reverse Originate Mode—places the modem in answer

mode. This modifier should be the last character in the dial-

ing string (for example, ATDT 12345678R). After dialing the

telephone number, the modem goes into data modem an-

swer mode instead of originate mode.

S = n

Dial NVRAM Telephone Number—causes the modem to dial

a telephone number previously stored in the NVRAM with

the AT&Zn=x command.

Tone Dial—configures the modem to use DTMF tones to dial

a telephone number.

none

Wait for Dial Tone—causes the modem to look for dial tone

for a specified amount of time. If dial tone or the amount of

time specified by the S-register, S6, times out, the modem

processes the next command in the dial string. If a busy sig-

nal is detected, the modem responds to the DTE with a busy

response code and then goes into off-line command mode.

Pause—causes the modem to pause or delay implementing

the next parameter in the dial string by the time specified in

S-register S8.

Flash Hook—causes the modem to go on-hook for 0.75 sec-

onds.

Wait for Quiet Answer—causes the modem to wait for spec-

ified amount of time (S-register S7) followed by 5 seconds of

silence before processing the next dial modifier.

;

Return to Idle State—causes the modem to enter online

command mode without initiating a data modem handshake

(used for phone directory auto-dialers).

<space> - ( ) Ignored by Modem—these four characters are ignored by

the modem. Spaces also may be included in the dial string

to separate area codes and numbers.

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Command Mode Echo: This command selects whether the modem echoes

AT commands back to the host in either online or off-line command mode.

n = 0

Echo disabled

Echo enabled

n = 1**

Online Echo: Usually this command selects whether the modem echoes

data back to the host during online data mode. This chipset does not support

online data mode echo.

n = 0

Echo enabled (returns an error message)

Echo disabled

n = 1**

Switch Hook Control: This command controls the telephone line relay

(OHREL*) and causes the modem to either hang up or pick up the telephone

line.

n = 0**

n = 1

Hang up telephone line (go on-hook)

Pick up telephone line (go off-hook)

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Identification/Checksum Option: This command causes the modem to

send product code and hardware setup information to the DTE.

n = 0**

n = 1

n = 2

n = 3

n = 4

n = 5

Reports product code

Reports firmware version

Verifies ROM checksum

Reports chipset name

Modem Manufacturer

Reports the following hardware configuration: programmed host in-

terface (HOST I/F), program memory (P Mem), data memory

(D Mem), and DSP code location (see example at the end of the In

description).

n = 6

n = 7

n = 8

Country Code

Modem Manufacturer

Modem firmware features

Bit 0

Bit 1

Bit 4

Bit 5

Bit 8

Bit 9

Bit 12

Bit 13

Bit 14

00 = Serial, 01 = Parallel

10 = PCMCIA, 11 = USB

Voice: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled

V.80: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled

International Homologation: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled

0 = V.90 Autodetect, 1 = V.90 only

0 = 400 Series DSP, 1 = 800 Series DSP

Program Space: 0 = Internal, 1 = External

0 = patched, 1 = patchless

Bit 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11 and 15 Reserved

Reserved

n = 9

n = 10

Modem board configuration

Bit 0

Bit 1

Bit 2

Bit 3

0 = Telephone Emulation mode not supported

1 = Telephone Emulation mode supported

0 = Digital speakerphone not supported

1 = Digital speakerphone supported

0 = Reserved

1 = Reserved

0 = No Caller ID

1 = Caller ID hardware on board

Bit 4

Bit 5

0 = Reserved

1 = Reserved

0 = No plug and play

1 = Plug and play supported by board

Bit 6

Bit 7

0 = Microcontroller firmware in EPROM

1 = Microcontroller firmware in FLASH

Reserved

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Identification/Checksum Option: (cont.)

n = 11

Modem board configuration

Bit 0

Bit 1

Bit 2

0 = Modem only board

1 = Modem and sound card board

0 = No microphone jack

1 = Microphone jack on board

0 = No external speaker

1 = External speaker on board

Bit 3

Bit 4

0 = No local telephone off-hook detection on board

1 = Local telephone off-hook detection on board

0 = No earphone support on board

1 = Earphone support on board

Bit 5-7

Reserved

n = 12

n = 13

n = 14

n = 20

n = 21

n = 22

n = 23

n = 24

n = 25

Reserved

SAFE device

Line status information

Reserved

(cont.)

Reserved

Examples:

ATI1

CD08.55-612(10/19/99)PARALLEL-SPEAKERPHONE05-DSPPATCH:001.55

ATI2

ROM TEST OK

ATI3

MD56xx

ATI5

Full V.92 upgradeable (Note: V.92 version only)

Present, 32k DSP RAM.000

HOST I/F: Parallel

P Mem: 016 Bit 001 W.S.

D Mem: 008 Bit 001 W.S.

DSP Code location = External RAM

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Speaker Volume Control: This command selects the modem’s speaker vol-

ume.

n = 0

n = 1**

n = 2

n = 3

Low speaker volume

Medium speaker volume

High speaker volume

Speaker Control: This command specifies when the speaker is turned on

and off.

n = 0

n = 1**

n = 2

n = 3

Speaker always off

Speaker on until carrier present

Speaker always on

Speaker off during dialing, and on until carrier

Select Data Rate Handshake: This command specifies whether the result-

ing modem-to-modem modulation can be different from the modulation spec-

ified in the +MS=m <carrier> parameter.

n = 0

When originating or answering, connect only at the data rates spec-

ified by the modulation.

n = 1**

When originating or answering, begin handshaking at the modula-

tion data rate. If the remote modem does not support the specified

modulation data rate, fall down in data rate or modulation to the

highest compatible data rate.

Go Online: This command causes the modem to return back to online data

mode from online command mode.

none

n = 0**

n = 1

Returns the modem to data mode

Begins an equalizer retrain sequence, then returns to data mode

Select Pulse Dialing: This command configures the modem to use pulse dialing

next time the modem dials a telephone number.

Result Code Display Control: This command selects whether the modem

sends result codes to the DTE.

n = 0**

n = 1

Result codes enabled

Result codes disabled

Select an S-Register: This command selects the current S-register.

n = 0–37

none

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Write to an S-Register: This command writes a decimal number “x” to S-

Sn=x

none

n = 0–37

x = 0–255

Read an S-Register: This command is used to read a decimal number from

S-register “n”.

Sn?

none

n = 0–37

Select Tone Dialing: This command configures the modem to use DTMF tones

the next time the modem dials a telephone number (touch tone dialing).

Result Code Form: This command selects whether modem response

codes are in numeric or verbose form.

n = 0

Numeric form

n = 1**

Verbose (text) form

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Response Code Data Rate: This command selects whether the modem

sends the DTE independent modem connection result codes for speed, error

control protocol, or data compression.

n = 0**

n = 2

CONNECT result code reports DTE speed.

CONNECT result code reports DCE speed.

n = 3

CONNECT result code reports DTE data rate, modulation mode, er-

ror correction, data compression, DCE transmitter speed and DCE

receiver speed when the mode is configured for verbose V1 (text)

response codes. For numeric responses V0, the modem responds

with the W0 numeric response codes. The verbose response codes

use the following format:

CONNECT (DTE data rate) /(modulation)/(error correction)/(data

compression) / TX=(DCE transmit data rate) / RX=(DTE receive

data rate)

Modulation types include: V21, V22, V22B, V23C, V32, V32B, V34,

V.90 and V.92

Error correction types include: NONE, LAPM, MNP

Data compression types include: NONE, V42B, MNP5

For example:

CONNECT 115200/V34/LAPM/V42B/TX=28800/RX=28000

n = 4

CONNECT result code reports DCE protocol, data compression,

and DCE data rate when the mode is configured for verbose V1 (text

response codes). For numeric responses V0, the modem responds

with the W0 numeric response codes. The verbose response codes

use the following format:

(DCE protocol)

(data compression)

(line speed)

Error correction types include: NONE, LAPM, MNP

Data compression types include: NONE, V42B, MNP5

For example:

PROTOCOL: LAPM

COMPRESSION: V42B

CONNECT 33,600

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Result Code Type/Call Progress: This command determines which mo-

dem result codes are enabled. Additionally, this command specifies whether

busy and dial tone detection are enabled or disabled.

n = 0

n = 1

Result codes 0–4 enabled. Busy and dial tone detect disabled.

Result codes 0–5, 10 and above enabled. Busy and dial tone detect

disabled.

n = 2

Result codes 0–6, 10 and above enabled. Busy detect disabled and

dial tone detect enabled.

n = 3

Result codes 0–5, 7, 10 and above enabled. Busy detect enabled

and dial tone detect disabled.

n = 4**

Result codes 0–7, 10 and above enabled. Busy and dial tone detect

enabled.

Long Space Disconnect: This command determines whether the modem

disconnects after receiving 1.6 seconds of silence and whether the modem

sends a period of silence to the remote modem before disconnecting.

n = 0**

n = 1

Disables long space disconnect

Enables long space disconnect. The modem disconnects after re-

ceiving 1.6 seconds of silence from the remote modem. Additional-

ly, after receiving an ATH0 command, the modem sends at least

4 seconds of silence before hanging up.

Reset Modem/Recall Stored Profile: This command causes the modem to

go on-hook (hang-up), perform a warm reset, and load user-configuration

profile ‘n’ (previously stored in the NVRAM) into the active profile. The Zn

command must be the last command in command string, as it causes all sub-

sequent commands to be ignored.

n = 0**

n = 1

Resets the modem and recalls user profile 0

Resets the modem and recalls user profile 1

DCD (Data Carrier Detect) Option: This command controls how the modem

functions in relation to the DCD or RLSD signal.

&Cn

n = 0

State of carrier from remote modem is ignored. DCD is always on.

n = 1**

State of carrier from remote modem is tracked. DCD reflects the

state of the received carrier.

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

DTR (Data Terminal Ready) Option: This command controls how the mo-

dem responds to DTR. After toggling DTR, the host should wait 200 ms be-

fore modifying the UART registers or sending a new command to the mo-

dem. This is done because the modem does not send an “OK” message to

indicate it has performed the requested function.

n = 0

n = 1

In asynchronous mode (&Q0), the modem ignores DTR.

&Dn

The modem switches from data mode to command mode when an

on-to-off transition of DTR occurs.

n = 2**

n = 3

An on-to-off transition of DTR causes the modem to go on-hook

(hang up). While DTR is off, auto-answer is disabled.

An on-to-off transition of DTR re-initializes the modem. The re-ini-

tialize procedure performs the same function as a power-up reset,

except that the UART registers are not reconfigured.

Load Factory Defaults: This command loads command defaults and S-reg-

ister factory defaults into the active configuration and configures the modem

for data mode.

none

Guard Tone Option: This command controls whether the modem sends out

guard tones while connected to a remote modem (for ITU-T V.22 bis

[1200 bps] and V.22 bis [2400 bps] connections only). Guard tones may be

required in some countries but are not needed in the United States. Guard

tones are sent by the answer modem to disable Central Office echo cancel-

ers.

&Gn

n = 0**

n = 1

Guard tone disabled

550-Hz guard tone enabled

1800-Hz guard tone enabled

n = 2

Select Serial Port Flow Control: This command specifies the DTE-to-modem flow

control. Software flow control uses the characters XOFF (13h) and XON (11h) to

stop and start data transmission, respectively, both to and from the DTE. Bidirection-

al hardware flow control uses RTS/CTS to stop and start data from the modem.

&Kn

&M0

n = 0

Disables flow control

n = 3**

n = 4

Bidirectional hardware flow control — RTS/CTS

XON/XOFF software flow control

Select Communication Mode: This command controls whether the modem

operates in asynchronous or synchronous mode. This modem only supports

asynchronous mode. This command is the same as &Q0.

n = 0**

Asynchronous normal. The modem operates asynchronously in

both command and online modes.

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Dial Pulse Ratio: This command determines the make/break (that is, off-

hook/on-hook) ratio during pulse dialing.

n = 0**

n = 1

Make = 39%; Break = 61% at 10 pulses per second—for use in the

United States.

&Pn

Make = 33%; Break = 67% at 10 pulses per second—for use in the

United Kingdom and Hong Kong.

Select Communication Mode: This command controls whether the modem

is operating in asynchronous or synchronous mode. This modem only sup-

ports asynchronous mode. This command is the same as &M0.

&Q0

&Sn

n = 0**

Asynchronous normal. The modem operates asynchronously in

both command and online modes.

DSR (Data Set Ready) Option: This command controls how the modem

treats the DSR signal.

n = 0**

n = 1

DSR circuit always on

DSR circuit is on during handshaking, off in test or idle modes. DSR

is off when the carrier is lost.

Data Mode Self-Test Command: This command is used in data mode (ex-

cept V.90 and V.92 modes) to initiate and terminate loopback tests for testing

modem-to-modem and DTE-to-modem data communication integrity.

&Tn

&Un

n = 0**

n = 1

Terminates test in progress

Local analog loopback

n = 8

Local analog loopback with self-test

Disable Trellis Coding: This command selects whether the modem transmits or re-

ceives modulated 9600 bps carrier with QAM or Trellis encoding for V.32.

n = 0**

n = 1

Enabled (Trellis modulation with QAM modulation as a fallback)

Disabled (QAM modulation only)

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

View Active Configuration and Stored Profiles: This command causes

the modem to display the command and S-register information contained in

the active user profile and in one of two stored profiles.The command &V0

displays the active profile and the stored profile 0; &V1 displays the active

profile and the stored profile 1. The information in the active profile is stored

into the user profiles with the &Wn command. &W0 stores the active profile

into the stored profile 0; &W1, the stored profile 1.

n = 0**

n = 1

Stored profile 0

Stored profile 1

AT&V0

ACTIVE PROFILE:

B1 E1 L2 M1 N1 P Q0 V1 W3 X4 Y0 &C1 &D2 &G0 &J0 &P0 &Q0 &S0 &U0 &Y0

%A013 %C1 %E1 %G1 \A3 \C0 \G0 \J0 \K5 \N3 \Q3 \T000 \X0 -C1 -J1 "H3 “0032

S00:001 S01:000 S02:043 S03:013 S04:010 S05:008 S06:002 S07:060 S08:002

S09:006 S10:014 S11:070 S12:050 S18:000 S25:005 S30:000 S33:010 S37:000

STORED PROFILE 0:

&Vn

B1 E1 L2 M1 N1 P Q0 V1 W3 X4 Y0 &C1 &D2 &G0 &J0 &P0 &Q0 &S0 &U0

%A013 %C1 %E1 %G1 \A3 \C0 \G0 \J0 \K5 \N3 \Q3 \T000 \X0 -C1 -J1 "H3 ”O032

S00:001 S02:043 S06:002 S07:060 S08:002 S09:006 S10:014

S11:070 S12:050 S18:000 S25:005 S30:000 S33:000 S37:000

TELEPHONE NUMBERS:

&Z0= 12345

&Z1= 4444444

&Z2= 12345

&Z3= 11234567890

Store Active Profile: This command causes the modem to store a subset

of the active profile command and S-register configurations into the NVRAM

user profile “n”.

&Wn

n = 0**

n = 1

Store in user profile 0

Store in user profile 1

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Select Stored Profile on Power-up: This command selects the particular

stored user profile from the NVRAM to be loaded into the active profile upon

modem power-up.

&Yn

n = 0**

n = 1

Select profile 0

Select profile 1

Store Telephone Number: This command stores a telephone number up to

30 digits (including dial modifiers) in the NVRAM. To dial the stored tele-

phone number, use the ATDS=n command. Use the &V command to see the

stored telephone number.

&Zn=x

none

n = 0–3

x = 0–9 A B C D # * T P R W @ , ! ;

Auto-Retrain Control: This command controls whether the modem auto-

matically initiates a modem retrain whenever the received data signal quality

falls below a threshold that may affect data reliability. The value for ‘n’ is

stored in the NVRAM.

%En

%Gn

n = 0

Disabled

Enabled

n = 1**

Rate Renegotiation: This command selects whether the modem automatically ini-

tiates a change to a higher speed or lower speed depending on received signal qual-

ity (that is, rate negotiation). The modem always responds to any rate change initi-

ated by the remote modem.

n = 0

Disabled

Enabled

n = 1**

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Generate Data Modem Calling Tone: This command allows the DTE to select

whether the modem sends a 1300-Hz calling tone or V.8 calling tone when originat-

ing a data modem connection.

-Cn

n = 0**

n = 1

Calling tone disabled

1300-Hz calling tone sent for all data modem connections

n = 2

V.8 calling tone sent for V.34 modulation and 1300-Hz calling tone

sent for all other modulations

Identify Modem Manufacturer: This command causes the DCE to send a message

to the DTE indicating the DCE manufacturer. This command is identical to AT+FM-

FR? and AT+FMI?.

+GMI?

none

AT+GMI?

Intel Corporation

Identify Product Model: This command causes the DCE to report the modem

chipset name. This command is identical to AT+FMDL? and AT+FMM? commands.

AT+GMM?

MD56xx

+GMM?

+GMR?

none

Identify Product Revision: This command causes the DCE to report the modem

chipset revision level. This command is identical to AT+FREV? and AT+FMR?.

AT+GMR?

CD08.55-612 (10/19/99) PARALLEL-SPEAKERPHONE O5

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Modulation Selection: This command sets the type of modulation used and the

send and receive speeds. Settings for Bn, +MS=m, Nn and S37 determine the al-

lowable modem connections. Nn performs the same function as the +MS=m <auto-

mode> parameter. S37 performs the same function as the +MS=m <max rate> pa-

rameter.

Modems using MD566X chipsets can be configured by the +MS=m command to

support only asymmetrical or symmetrical connections. The transmit and receive

speeds are the same in symmetrical connections and different in asymmetrical con-

nections. The type of connection is set by the <carrier> parameter. The chipsets

default to the ITU-T V.90 or V.92 mode depending on firmware version. If the con-

nection is non-V.90/V.92 the chipsets fall back to V.34 mode. Note that the transmit-

ter speed and receiver speeds typically are different for most V.34 connections over

the PSTN.

The +MS command sets the modulation speeds in the V.34 chipsets; however, B0

also must be sent to set the modulation to V.22. Sending B1 sets the modulation to

Bell 212. These commands can be typed before or after the +MS command. For ex-

ample, to set the modulation to ITU-T V.22:

+MS = V22, 1, 1200, 1200; B0

To check the settings for the +MS command, type AT+MS?

m = <carrier>, <automode>, <min rate>, <max rate>

Defaults: m = V90, 1, 0, 0

+MS=m

see “m”

<carrier > This eight-digit string parameter specifies the type of modulation used.

Approved codes are shown in the following table. The modem can switch automati-

cally between some types.

V21

Description

V.21 300 bps

V22

V.22 1200 bps

V22B

V23C

V32

V.22 bis 1200 and 2400 bps

V.23, with constant carrier; 1200 bps forward and 75 bps reverse

V.32 4800 and 9600 bps

V32B

V34

V.32 bis 7200, 9600, 12,000, and 14,400 bps

V.34 asymmetrical connections: 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600, 12,000,

14,400, 16,800, 19,200, 21,600, 24,000, 26,400, and 28,800 bps

V34S

V34B

V34BS

V.34 symmetrical-only connections: 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600,

12,000, 14,400, 16,800, 19,200, 21,600, 24,000, 26,400, 28,800

bps

V.34 extended asymmetrical connections: 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600,

12,000, 14,400, 16,800, 19,200, 21,600, 24,000, 26,400, 28,800,

31,200, and 33,600 bps

V.34 extended symmetrical connections: 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600,

12,000, 14,400, 16,800, 19,200, 21,600, 24,000, 26,400, 28,800,

31,200, and 33,600 bps

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Modulation Selection: (cont.)

V90

56-kbps V.90 asymmetrical connections (transmit): 4800, 7200, 9600,

12,000, 14,400, 16,800, 19,200, 21,600, 24,000, 26,400, 28,800,

31,200 bps, and 33,600 bps

56-kbps V.90 asymmetrical connections (receive): 28,000, 29,333,

30,666, 32,000, 33,333, 34,666, 36,000, 37,333, 38,666, 40,000,

41,333, 42,666, 44,000, 45,333, 46,666, 48,000, 49,333, 50,666,

52,000, 53,333, 54,666, and 56,000 bps

V92

56-kbps V.92 asymmetrical connections (transmit): 24,000, 25,333,

26,666, 28,000, 29,333, 30,666, 32,000, 33,333, 34,666, 36,000, 37,333,

38,666, 40,000, 41,333, 42,666, 44,000, 45,333, 46,666, 48,000 bps

56-kbps V.92 asymmetrical connections (receive): 28,000, 29,333,

30,666, 32,000, 33,333, 34,666, 36,000, 37,333, 38,666, 40,000,

41,333, 42,666, 44,000, 45,333, 46,666, 48,000, 49,333, 50,666,

52,000, 53,333, 54,666, and 56,000 bps

<automode> When enabled, this parameter allows the modem to negotiate modu-

lation speeds automatically (if an automatic value is defined for that particular mod-

ulation). This feature is also controlled by the Nn AT command. The automode set-

ting is based on which command, Nn or +MS=m, was issued last.

+MS=m

(cont.)

see “m”

Range: <automode> = 0, 1

Default: <automode> = 1

<automode> = 0

<automode> = 1

Disabled

Enabled

<min rate> This parameter specifies the lowest data transfer rate at which the mo-

dem may establish a carrier signal connection.

Range: <min rate> = 0, 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600, 12,000, 14,400, 16,800,

19,200, 21,600, 24,000, 26,400, 28,800, 31,200, and 33,600 bps.

Default: <min rate> = 0

<min rate> = 0

Minimum allowed data rate

- <automode> = 1

Lowest data rate = 300 bps

- <automode> = 0

Lowest data rate = (Lowest modulation data rate)

<min rate> ≠ 0

Lowest permitted connection rate

<max rate> This parameter sets the highest speed at which the modem may estab-

lish a connection. This feature is also controlled by the S37 S-register. The <max

rate> setting is based on which command, S37 or +MS=m, was issued last.

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Modulation Selection: (cont.)

Range: <max rate> = 0, 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600, 12,000, 14,400, 16,800,

19,200, 21,600, 24,000, 26,400, 28,800, 31,200, 33,333, 33,600, 37,333, 41,333,

42,666, 44,000, 45,333, 46,666, 48,800, 49,333, 50,666, 52,000, 53,333, 54,666^a,

and 56,000^abps.

Default: <max rate> = 0

<max rate> = 0

Maximum allowed data rate:

- If the maximum modulation data rate is less than or

equal to the DTE data rate, then the highest data rate is

the highest modulation data rate.

- If the maximum modulation data rate is greater than

the DTE data rate, then the highest data rate is the

modulation data rate equal to or just below the DTE data

rate.

<max rate> ≠ 0

Highest permitted data rate

Examples (DTE data rate = 115,200 bps)

Speed Range

+MS=m

(cont.)

+MS = V32, 1, 0, 0

+MS = V32, 0, 0, 0

+MS = V32B, 1, 9600, 14400

+MS = V34, 1, 0, 0

+MS = V34, 1, 2400, 28800

+MS = V34, 1, 9600, 28800

+MS = V34, 1, 28800, 28800

+MS = V34, 0, 19200, 26400

+MS = V90, 1, 0, 50666

300–9600

see “m”

4800–9600

9600–14400

2400–28800

9600–28800

28800 only

19200–26400

4800–50666

Examples (DTE data rate = 2400 bps)

Speed Range

+MS = V32, 0, 0, 0

+MS = V32B, 1, 9600, 14400

+MS = V34, 1, 0, 0

+MS = V34, 1, 2400, 28800

+MS = V34, 1, 9600, 28800

+MS = V34, 1, 28800, 28800

+MS = V34, 0, 0, 0

+MS = V34, 0, 19200, 26400

+MS = V90, 1, 0, 50666

NO CARRIER

9600–14400

2400–2400

2400–28800

9600–28800

28800 only

2400 only

9200–26400

4800–50666

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Call Waiting Enable: This command controls the action to be taken upon detection

of call waiting in a V.92 DCS.

+PCW=m

+PMH=m

m = 0

m = 1

m = 2

Toggle V.24 Circuit 125 and collect Caller ID if enabled by +VCID

Hang up

Ignore V.92 call waiting

Modem on Hold Enable: This command controls whether or not modem on hold

procedures are enabled during V.92 operation.

m = 0

m = 1

Enables V.92 modem on hold

Disables V.92 modem on hold

Modem on Hold Timer: This command controls whether or not the modem will

grant or deny a Modem on-hold (MOH) request as well as setting the Modem-on-

Hold-Timeout.

m = 0

m = 1

m = 2

m = 3

m = 4

m = 5

m = 6

m = 7

m = 8

m = 9

m = 10

m = 11

m = 12

m = 13

Deny V.92 Modem-on-hold Request

Grant MOH with 10 second timeout

Grant MOH with 20 second timeout

Grant MOH with 30 second timeout

Grant MOH with 40 second timeout

Grant MOH with 1 minute timeout

Grant MOH with 2 minute timeout

Grant MOH with 3 minute timeout

Grant MOH with 4 minute timeout

Grant MOH with 6 minute timeout

Grant MOH with 8 minute timeout

Grant MOH with 12 minute timeout

Grant MOH with 16 minute timeout

Grant MOH with indefinite timeout

+PMHT=m

none

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Initiate Modem on Hold: This command requests the DCE to initiate or to confirm

a modem on hold procedure. The DCE shall return ERROR if Modem on Hold is not

enabled or if the DCE is in an idle condition. The DCE shall return the string re-

sponse +PMHR: <value> where <value> is a decimal value corresponding to the

Modem on Hold timer value received or the request status during the DCE’s modem

on hold exchange procedure as defined below. This response may be delayed de-

pending upon the context under which the +PMHR command is made, i.e., if the

+PMHR is in response to an incoming Modem on Hold or if it is initiating a request.

m = 0

m = 1

m = 2

m = 3

m = 4

m = 5

m = 6

m = 7

m = 8

m = 9

m = 10

m = 11

m = 12

m = 13

V.92 Modem on Hold Request Deniedor not available

MOH with 10 second timeout Granted

MOH with 20 second timeout Granted

MOH with 30 second timeout Granted

MOH with 40 second timeout Granted

MOH with 1 minute timeout Granted

MOH with 2 minute timeout Granted

MOH with 3 minute timeout Granted

MOH with 4 minute timeout Granted

MOH with 6 minute timeout Granted

MOH with 8 minute timeout Granted

MOH with 12 minute timeout Granted

MOH with 16 minute timeout Granted

MOH with indefinite timeout Granted

+PMHR

none

Implementation of this parameter is mandatory if V.92 is implemented in the DCE.

PCM Upstream Ignore: This command controls the use of PCM upstream in a V.92

DCE.

+PIG=m

+PMHF

m = 0

m = 1

Enable PCM upstream

Disable PCM upstream

V.92 Modem on Hold Hook Flash: This command causes the DCE to go on-hook

for a specified period of time, and then return on-hook. The specified period of time

is normally one-half second, but may be governed by national regulations. If this

command is initiated and the modem is not On Hold, ERROR is returned. This com-

mand applies only to V.92 Modem on Hold.

none

V.92 Phase 1 and Phase 2 Control: This control controls the global enabling or dis-

abling of the V.92 shortened Phase 1 and Phase 2 startup procedures, not the initi-

ation thereof. This command is used in conjunction with the +PSS command.

+PQC=M

m = 0

m = 1

m = 2

m = 3

Enable Short Phase 1 and Short Phase 2

Enable Short Phase 1

Enable Short Phase 2

Disable short Phase 1 and Short Phase 2

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Table 3-4. Data Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Use Short Sequence: This command causes a calling DCE to force either a V.92

short or full startup sequence as defined by the +PQC command on the next and

subsequent connections.

m = 0

The DCEs decide whether or not to use the short startup proce-

dures. The short startup procedures shall only be used if enabled

by the +PQC command.

+PSS=m

m = 1

m = 2

Forces the use of the short startup procedures on the next and sub-

sequent connections if they are enabled by the +PQC command.

Forces the use of the full startup procedures on the next and subse-

quent connections independent of the setting of the +PQC com-

mand.

a. Current download speeds are limited to 53,333 bps due to FCC rules that restrict modem power output.

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Notes

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4. ERROR CORRECTION AND DATA

COMPRESSION

The MD566X chipsets support two types of data mode error correction (MNP^2–4 and V.42) and

data compression (V.44, MNP 5 and V.42 bis). V.42 error correction uses LAPM as the primary

error-control protocol and uses MNP 2-4 as an alternative.V.44 provides enhanced data

compression over the existing V.42bis standard. Data compression is up to on average 40% faster

than previous methods. This provides for faster web browsing and data downloading. The +DS44

command configures the operation of V.44. There are nine parameters associated with the +DS44

command. For a detailed description of this command, refer to Table 4-2 V.42 bis data compression

requires V.42 (LAPM only). MNP 5 requires MNP 2-4.

The MD566X chipsets support four operating modes: buffer (normal), MNP reliable, V.42 auto-

reliable, and V.42 reliable. These four modes are selected by the \Nn command. They allow the

DCE to communicate with remote modems that may or may not support error correction and data

compression. Speed buffering, which is used for all operating modes, allows the DTE-to-modem

data rate to be different from the modem-to-modem data rate. This is accomplished by using

transmitter and receiver buffers in the modem. Thus, the DTE-to-modem data rate can be set for

2400 bps when the modem-to-modem data rate is 300 bps without causing any data errors. In all

data modes, the DTE-to-modem data rate can be set for any valid speed between 300 bps to

115,200 bps (that is, the modem autobauds up to 115,200 bps). The modem-to-modem data rates

can be set to 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600, 12,000, 14,400, 16,800, 19,200, 21,600, 24,000,

26,400, 28,800, 31,200, and 33,600 bps. Each operating mode is explained in more detail in the

following tables.

When V.80 mode (synchronous access mode) for videoconferencing becomes available in the

future, the +ES=m commands for data correction/compression will supersede the \Nn commands.

Control reverts to the \Nn command upon exiting V.80 mode.

Operating Modes

Mode

Features

Buffer (Normal)

\N0 or \N1

No error correction/data compression, but speed buffering is sup-

ported.

MNP Reliable

\N2

MNP 2–5 connection only. If an MNP connection cannot be estab-

lished, the modem hangs up.

V.42 Auto-Reliable

\N3

V.42/V.42 bis with fallback to MNP 2–5 or normal mode.

V.42 Reliable

\N4

V.42, V.42 bis or MNP 2–5 only connection. If a V.42/V.42 bis/MNP 2–

5 connection cannot be established, the modem hangs up.

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Table 4-1 lists connection types corresponding to \Nn settings.

Table 4-1. Resulting \Nn Connection Types

\Nn Settings (Answer Modem)

\N3

(V.42 Auto-

reliable)

\Nn Settings

(Originate Modem)

\N0 or \N1

(Buffer)

\N2

\N4

(MNP Reliable)

(V.42 Reliable)

\N0 or \N1

(Buffer)

Buffer (normal)

mode

Buffer (normal)

mode

Modem hangs up

MNP 2–5

Modem hangs up

MNP 2–5

\N2

Modem hangs up

MNP 2–5

(MNP Reliable)

\N3

Buffer (normal)

mode

MNP 2–5

V.42/V.42 bis

(V.42 Auto-reliable)

\N4

Modem hangs up

MNP 2–5

(V.42 Reliable)

NOTES:

1) MNP 5 requires the modem to be configured for %C1.

2) V.42 bis requires the modem to be configured for "H3.

3) Refer to \Cn and %An commands for more information about auto-reliable mode.

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The list of commands needed to enter a specific error correction or data compression mode are as

follows:

V.42 bis with fallback to MNP5,

"H3 %C1

MNP2–4 or V.42:

&F \N3

or\N3

V.42 bis with fallback to V.42/MNP2–4: &F \N4 %C0

%C0 "H3 -J1

or\N4

or\N2

V.42 bis only:

-J0 "H3

&F \N4 -J0

&F \N4 -J0 "H0

&F \N2

V.42 only:

-J0 "H0

MNP5 with fallback to MNP2–4:

%C1

%C0

MNP2–4 only:

&F \N2 %C0

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Table 4-2. V.44 / V.42 / V.42 bis and MNP Data Mode Command Descriptions

Note: An asterisk (*) denotes the factory-default setting.

Command

Default

Description

Set Auto-Reliable Fallback Character: In auto-reliable mode (\N3) with auto-reli-

able fallback character enabled (\C2), receipt of the fallback character from the line

during the V.42 detection phase causes the modem to switch to buffer (normal)

mode. This allows a remote user with a non-V.42 modem to connect immediately

with a V.42 modem. A space or carriage return is usually chosen for the fallback

character.

%An

n = 0–127 (ASCII character)

MNP 5 Data Compression Control: This command controls whether the data sent

during the MNP frames is compressed using MNP Class 5 compression standard.

MNP 5 data compression can improve throughput by as much as 150%.

%Cn

n = 0, 1

n = 0

No compression

n = 1*

MNP Class 5 compression

MNP Block Size: This command specifies the maximum number of data bytes in an

MNP data frame. A smaller frame size may improve throughput on high-impairment

(noisy) telephone lines.

n = 0–3

\An

\Bn

n = 0

n = 1

n = 2

n = 3*

Maximum 64 characters

Maximum 128 characters

Maximum 192 characters

Maximum 256 characters

Transmit Break: This command causes the modem to send a break (attention sig-

nal) to the remote modem for a duration specified by ‘n’. When n = 0, the default

break length is used.

none

n = 0–9 (units of 100 ms)

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Table 4-2. V.44 / V.42 / V.42 bis and MNP Data Mode Command Descriptions

Set Auto-Reliable Buffer (requires a license from Microcom^): In auto-reliable

mode (\N3), this command determines the fallback method and enables data buffer-

ing. The settings for this command are used by the modem during the V.42 detection

phase.

n = 0–2

\Cn

n = 0*

n = 1

n = 2

Does not buffer data.

Reserved.

Does not buffer data. Switches to buffer (normal) mode upon receipt

of auto-reliable fallback character and passes it to serial port. This

feature allows non-V.42 modems to connect immediately to a V.42

modem without data loss.

Set Modem Port Flow Control: In buffer (normal) mode (either \N0 or after fall-

back), this command enables modem-to-modem flow control using XOFF (13h) to

stop and XON (11h) to start transmission between modems.

\Gn

n = 0, 1

n = 0*

n = 1

Disables port flow control

Sets port flow control to XON/XOFF

bps Rate Adjust Control: If this command is enabled, the serial port speed auto-

matically changes to the modem-connection speed. This forces the user to change

the DTE-to-modem bps rate, if needed. If the command is disabled, the serial port

speed is independent of the connection speed, which allows much greater through-

put when using error correction and data compression.

\Jn

n = 0, 1

n = 0*

n = 1

Turns off feature

Turns on feature

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Table 4-2. V.44 / V.42 / V.42 bis and MNP Data Mode Command Descriptions

Set Break Control: Defines what action the modem takes when a break (attention

signal) is sent or received, as described below.

n = 0–5

In connect state, transmits break to remote (if in reliable mode):

n = 0, 2, 4

n = 1

Enter command state, but does not send a break

Destructive/expedited

n = 3

Nondestructive/expedited

n = 5*

Nondestructive/non-expedited

In command state, transmits break to remote (if in reliable mode):

Destructive/expedited

n = 0, 1

n = 2, 3

n = 4, 5*

\Kn

Nondestructive/expedited

Nondestructive/non-expedited

In connect state, receives break at serial port (if in direct mode):

Immediately sends break and enters command state

Immediately sends break through

n = 0, 2, 4

n = 1,3, 5*

In connect state, receives break at modem port and sends to serial

port:

n = 0,1

Destructive/expedited

n = 2, 3

n = 4, 5*

Nondestructive/expedited

Nondestructive/non-expedited

Set Operating Mode: Determines the type of connection attempted by the modem.

n = 0–4

n = 0, 1

Buffer (Normal) Mode — no data compression or error correction,

but uses speed buffering.

n = 2

MNP Reliable Mode — the modem attempts to negotiate an MNP

error-correction ‘reliable’ link, hanging up if it fails.

\Nn

n = 3*

V.42 Auto-Reliable Mode — if V.42 detection is enabled (-Jn), a

LAPM or MNP link can be detected and negotiated; otherwise, only

LAPM is attempted. If configured for -J0 and a protocol connection

is not made, the modem hangs up. If configured for -J1 and a pro-

tocol connection is not made, the modem falls back to speed buffer-

ing mode.

n = 4

V.42 Reliable Mode — the modem attempts to negotiate LAPM er-

ror correction, hanging up if it fails.

Originate Reliable Link: In buffer (normal) mode (\N0 or \N1), the modem attempts

to originate an MNP link, regardless of whether the modem originated or answered

the telephone call (physical connection). The remote modem must answer the MNP

link request for the link to be established (refer to the \U command that follows).

none

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Table 4-2. V.44 / V.42 / V.42 bis and MNP Data Mode Command Descriptions

Set Serial Port Flow Control: This command specifies the DTE-to-modem flow

control. Software flow control uses the XOFF (13h) command to stop and the XON

(11h) characters to start data transmission, both to and from the DTE. Unidirectional

hardware flow control uses the CTS control line to stop or start data from the DTE

only, while bidirectional hardware flow control also uses the RTS control to stop or

start data from the modem.

\Qn

n = 0–3

n = 0

n = 1

n = 2

n = 3*

Disables flow control

XON/XOFF software flow control

Unidirectional hardware flow control — CTS

Bidirectional hardware flow control — RTS/CTS

Set Inactivity Timer: During a buffer (normal) or reliable connection, if no data is

sent or received within the inactivity time period, the link is disconnected. The de-

fault, ‘0’, disables this feature.

\Tn

n = 0–90

n = 0*

Length in minutes

Disables inactivity timer

Accept Auto-Reliable Link: In buffer (normal) mode (\N0 or \N1), the modem at-

tempts to answer an MNP link request, regardless of whether the modem originated

or answered the telephone call (physical connection). The remote modem must orig-

inate the MNP link request for the link to be established (refer to the preceding \O

command).

none

Set XON/XOFF Pass-Through: If software flow control is enabled (\Q1), this com-

mand defines whether the XON (11h) and XOFF (13h) characters received from the

DTE are sent to the remote modem. In addition, if the modem port flow control is en-

abled (\G1) in normal mode, the command specifies whether the XON and XOFF

characters received from the remote modem are sent to the DTE. In both cases, flow

control operation is not affected.

\Xn

n = 0, 1

n = 0*

n = 1

Processes flow control characters *

Processes flow control characters and passes them through to the

local or remote so they can process the characters.

Switch to Reliable Mode: In buffer (normal) mode (\N0 or \N1), the modem at-

tempts to originate or answer an MNP link request, depending on whether the mo-

dem originated or answered the physical connection, respectively. The remote mo-

dem must attempt to answer/originate the MNP link for the link to be established.

none

Switch to Buffer Mode: During an MNP link, the modem disconnects the link (exit

error correction/data compression) and changes to buffer mode without disconnect-

ing the modem-to-modem connection.

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Table 4-2. V.44 / V.42 / V.42 bis and MNP Data Mode Command Descriptions

Set V.42 Detect Phase: In V.42 modes (\N3, \N4), this command specifies whether

the modem detects V.42, MNP, or no error-correcting protocols from the remote mo-

dem and changes to the appropriate mode. Otherwise, only V.42 is attempted.

-Jn

n = 0, 1

n = 0

Disables the V.42 detect phase

Enables the V.42 detect phase

n = 1*

V.42 bis Compression Control: This command specifies whether the data in the

LAPM frames are compressed using V.42 bis data compression. This can improve

throughput by as much as 400%. Compression can be negotiated to operate in one

direction or both.

n = 0–3

"Hn

n = 0

n = 1

n = 2

n = 3*

Disables V.42 bis

Enables V.42 bis only when transmitting data

Enables V.42 bis only when receiving data

Enables V.42 bis for both transmitting and receiving data

V.42 bis String Length: This command specifies the maximum number of charac-

ters that can be compressed into one V.42 bis code word. The default value of 32

optimizes throughput for most file types.

"On

n = 6–250

n = 32*

Number of characters

Usual number of characters

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Table 4-2. V.44 / V.42 / V.42 bis and MNP Data Mode Command Descriptions

V.44 Data Compression: This command controls the V.44 data compression func-

tion if provided in the DCE. It accepts the following subparameters:

m=[<direction>[,<compression_negotiation>[,<capability>[,<max_codewords_tx>[,<m

ax_codewords_rx>[,<max_string_tx>[,<max_string_rx>[,<max_history_tx>[,<max_his

tory_rx>]]]]]]]]]

<direction>, which specifies the desired direction(s) of operation of the data compression

function; from the DTE point of view;

<compression_negotiation>, which specifies whether or not the DCE should continue to op-

erate if the desired result is not obtained;

<capability>, which specifies the use of stream method, packet method, multi-

packet method;

<max_codewords_tx>, which specifies the maximum number of codewords which should be

negotiated in the transmit direction;

<max_codewords_rx>, which specifies the maximum number of codewords which should be

negotiated in the receive direction;

<max_string_tx>, which specifies the maximum string length to be negotiated in the transmit

direction;

<max_string_rx>, which specifies the maximum string length to be negotiated in the receive

direction;

3,0,0,471,

972,140,

140,1884,

3768

<max_history_tx>, which specifies the maximum size of the history buffer to be negotiated

in the transmit direction;

+DS44=m

<max_history_rx>, which specifies the maximum size of the history buffer to be negotiated

in the receive direction.

<direction>: (Default = 3)

m = 0

m = 1

m = 2

m = 3

Negotiated ... no compression

Transmit only

Receive only

Both directions, accept and direction

<compression negotiation>: (Default = 0)

m = 0 Do not disconnect if REC. V.44 is not negotiated by the remote DCE as

specified in <direction>. Alway set to 0.

<capability>: (Default = 0)

m = 0

m = 1

m = 2

Stream method

Packet method

Multi-packet method

<max_codewords_tx>: (Default = 471) 256 to 65536

<max_codewords_rx>: (Default = 942) 256 to 65536

<max_string_tx>: (Default = 140) 32 to 255

<max_string_rx>: (Default = 140) 32 to 255

<max_history_tx>: (Default = 1884) ≥ 512

<max_history_rx>: (Default = 3768) ≥ 512

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5. FAX CLASS 1 AT COMMANDS

The 56K FastPath family implements the EIA-578 data/fax Class 1 AT command set standard. This

AT command set allows a DTE (with Class 1 communication software) and a MD566X–based

modem to communicate with Group 3 fax machines. In addition, these chipsets provide fax identity

and test commands. Fax identity commands are described in Table 5-1; all other fax AT commands

are provided in Table 5-3 on page 76. This programmer’s guide should be used with the Class 1

Fax Application Note and the specifications for EIA/TIA-578, ITU-T T.30, and T.4. The Intel

Class 1 Fax Application Note shows several examples of how to use the fax AT commands and

how to originate and answer a fax call.

5.1 Fax Identity Commands

The fax identity commands are AT+FMFR?, AT+FMDL?, AT+FMI?, AT+FMM?, AT+FMR?,

and AT+FREV?. These commands respond back with modem manufacturer, product model, and

product revision information.

Table 5-1. Fax Identity Command Descriptions

Command

Default

Description

Identifies Modem Manufacturer: This command causes the DCE to send a

message to the DTE indicating the DCE manufacturer. This command is identi-

cal to AT+GMI?.

AT+FMFR?

Intel Corporation

+FMFR?/+FMI?

none

Note: The DTE manufacturer name can be changed with the firmware

configuration utility.

Identifies Product Model: This command causes the DCE to report the mo-

dem chipset name. This command is identical to ATI3 and AT+GMM?.

AT+FMDL?

MD56xx

+FMDL?/+FMM?

none

The modem responds with ‘MD566X’ for all chipsets that support V.42/MNP pro-

tocols.

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Table 5-1. Fax Identity Command Descriptions

Identifies Product Version Number: This command causes the DCE to report

the modem chipset revision level. This command is identical to ATI1 and

AT+GMR?.

+FREV?/+FMR?

none

AT+FREV?

CD08.55-612 (10/19/99) PARALLEL-SPEAKERPHONE 05

5.2 Fax Class 1 Commands

The fax Class 1 AT commands are divided into three types: class selection and capabilities, data

stream transfers, and silence-time timers. All fax mode commands, except the silence-time timers,

must be the last command on the command line.

Each command may be used as follows:

+F<command>?

Reads current setting

Reads permissible settings

Sets parameters

+F<command> = ?

+F<command> = <parameter>

NOTE: To originate a call, answer, and hang up, use the ATD, ATA, and ATHn

commands, respectively.

The fax AT+FCLASS command is used for changing between fax classes, determining the current

class selection, and determining the supported fax classes. Both data/fax Class 0 (data modem

mode) and Class 1 (fax modem mode) are implemented by the modem. In Class 0, the DTE-to-

modem data rate can be set from 300 bps to 115,200 bps. In Class 1, it is recommended that the

DTE-to-modem data rate is set to 19,200 bps.

The silence-time timers consist of AT+FTS=<TIME> and AT+FRS=<TIME>. Silence time is

defined as the length of time when the modem neither receives nor transmits energy (that is,

modem transmit carrier) on the telephone line.

The modem exchanges streams of data with the DTE while executing the data transfer commands

AT+FTM=<mod>, AT+FTH=<mod>, AT+FRM=<mod>, and AT+FRH=<mod>. The values

supported for <mod> are provided in Table 5-2.

During data transfer, an ASCII <DLE>character ($10h) is used as a special character to shield

other special characters.

Special characters in the data stream are used in the following way:

any data ... <DLE><ETX>

any data ... <DLE><DLE>

any data ... <DLE>

end of data stream

single $10 in data stream

delete both <DLE> and next character

When the DTE transfers data to the modem, the DTE must insert a <DLE>for each <DLE>in the

original data stream. In addition, when data is no longer available, the DTE must add the stream

terminator <DLE><ETX>to the end of the data stream. The modem buffers up to one thousand

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bytes of fax data before sending it to the remote modem (AT+FTM command). If the modem

detects the two terminating characters <DLE><ETX>within the data stream, it transmits the data

immediately to the remote modem without waiting for the buffer to fill up.

Table 5-2. <mod> Selection Table

Speed

Value

Modulation

(bps)

V.21 ch 2

300

V.27 ter

2400

4800

7200

9600

12,000

14,400

V.27 ter

V.29

V.17

V.17 with short train

V.29

V.17

V.17 with short train

V.17

121

122

145

146

V.17 with short train

V.17

V.17 with short train

When the modem transfers data to the DTE, the DTE must filter the data stream by removing all

character pairs beginning with <DLE>. The DTE also must recognize <DLE><ETX>as the stream

terminator. Upon detecting <DLE><DLE>, the DTE must reinsert a single <DLE>in its place. The

modem buffers up to 512 bytes of fax data received from the remote modem if the DTE cannot

read the data immediately (AT+FRM command).

For the AT+FTH and AT+FRH commands, data is sent and received using HDLC formatting. The

format for HDLC framing is provided below. When sending the HDLC data, the modem

automatically generates the flags and the frame checking sequence (Frame Check Sum). All the

other fields are transmitted to or received from the DTE (that is, these fields are under the control

of the DTE).

Frame

Facsimile

Control

Field

Facsimile

Information

Field

Checking

Sequence

(FCS)

Address

Field

Control

Field

Flag

Figure 5-1. T.30 HDLC Frame Format

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After receiving a frame correctly using the AT+FRH command (FCS is OK), the DCE returns an

“OK” message to the DTE. If the frame is received in error (FCS is not OK, carrier is lost, or data

is lost due to data overflow), the DCE returns an “ERROR” message to the DTE; the DTE should

then discard the frame.

Note: If the telephone line is on-hook, the modem responds back to the DTE with an ‘ERROR’ message

whenever any of the fax AT commands, except the +FCLASS command, are sent to the modem.

Facsimile

Control

Field

Facsimile

Information

Field

Address

Field

Control

Field

Figure 5-2. CLASS 1 DTE-Generated HDLC Frame Information

(AT+FTH=<mod>)

Frame

Checking

Sequence

(FCS)

Facsimile

Control

Field

Facsimile

Information

Field

Address

Field

Control

Field

Figure 5-3. CLASS 1 DTE Reception of HDLC Frame Information

(AT+FRH=<mod>)

Like the data modem mode, the DTE needs to issue an ATD string or ATA command to the modem

to originate or answer a fax call. Unlike the data modem mode, auto-answering is not supported by

the modem while in fax mode. It is recommended that S-register S0 be set to “0” (that is, use

‘ATA’) whenever the modem is expected to receive a fax call.

The ATDT <telephone number> command string causes the modem to originate a fax call. After

dialing the telephone number, the modem sends out a calling tone (1100 Hz), recognizes the remote

fax modem answer tone, and looks for the remote fax HDLC flags at 300 bps. If the HDLC flags

are detected, the modem sends the DTE a “CONNECT” message followed by the Class 1 HDLC

frame information. If the HDLC flags are not detected within the time limit defined by S-register

S7, the modem sends a “NO CARRIER” message to the DTE and then hangs up the line. If the

modem hangs up the line while processing the ATD command (that is, while the modem is on-

hook), the modem responds back with an “ERROR” message whenever the DTE issues one of the

data stream AT commands.

The ATA command causes the modem to answer a fax call. After going off-hook, the modem sends

the answer tone followed by HDLC flags. The modem then sends a “CONNECT” message to the

DTE and waits to receive the HDLC frame information from the DTE. In general, the ATA

command performs three functions:

1) It places the modem off-hook.

2) It causes the modem to transmit the answer tone.

3) It causes the modem to act as if it received an AT+FTH=3 command from the DTE.

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The following data mode and voice mode AT commands are supported in fax mode:

Data: All

Voice: +FCLASS

Table 5-3. Fax Mode Command Descriptions

Note: An asterisk (*) denotes the factory-default setting.

Command

Default

Description

Fax Mode Selection: This command is used to select a fax class, indicate current

fax class mode setting, and indicate supported fax classes. All fax mode com-

mands, except for +FCLASS, are valid only in fax mode.

+FCLASS?

Indicates current fax class selection

Indicates supported fax classes

+FCLASS = ?

+FCLASS = n

Configures DCE for selected fax class. The modem

responds back with an ‘OK’ message at the same

DTE-to-modem data rate used to issue this command

+FCLASS=1

n = 0, 1, 8

n = 0*

n = 1

Configures DCE for data modem operation

Configures DCE for fax Class 1 modem operation

Configures DCE for IS-101 voice mode

n = 8

Receive HDLC Data: The +FRH=<mod> command causes the modem to re-

ceive HDLC-framed data using the modulation mode selected in <mod>. The mo-

dem then delivers the next-received frame to the DTE.

If the modem detects the selected carrier signal with an HDLC flag, the modem

sends a ‘CONNECT’ result code to the DTE. If the modem detects a different sig-

nal, the modem sends the “+FCERROR” (fax connect error) result code to the

DTE and returns to command mode. Upon loss of carrier, the modem returns to

command mode and sends a “NO CARRIER” result code to the DTE.

After receiving the HDLC flags, the modem strips away the flags and buffers the

received frames. The modem then transfers the received data to the DTE, starting

with the first non-flag byte and continuing through the last FCS byte. The DTE

should ignore the value of the FCS bytes. The modem also performs HDLC zero-

bit deletion and error checking.

+FRH=n

none

After the FCS bytes are transferred, the modem marks the end of the frame with

<DLE><ETX> and reports the status of the frame reception to the DTE. If the

frame was received correctly (FCS is correct), the modem returns a “OK” result

code. If the frame was received in error (FCS is not correct, carrier lost, or data

lost due to data overflow), the DCE returns an ‘ERROR’ result code. The DTE

should then discard this frame.

After sending the status result code, the modem is ready to accept new com-

mands from the DTE.

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Table 5-3. Fax Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Note: An asterisk (*) denotes the factory-default setting.

Command

Default

Description

Receive HDLC Data: (cont.)

The modem obeys the configured flow control from the DTE. If the DTE sends any

character to the modem other than DC1 or DC3 while the modem is in this mode,

the modem enters command mode and return an ‘OK’ result code.

After sending the result code indicating that frame reception is complete, the mo-

dem continues to receive and buffer the data in the selected mode. If the DTE is-

sues another +FRH=<mod> command, the modem returns another “CONNECT”

result code and continues with HDLC reception. If the DTE issues any command

that changes modulation, the DCE stops the receive process; the DCE then dis-

cards any buffered data and processes the command.

+FRH=n

(cont.)

Range: <mod> = 3

Refer to T a ble 5-2 on page 74.

Receive Data: The +FRM=<mod> command causes the modem to enter receive

mode using the modulation scheme specified in <mod>. <mod> may have the val-

ues shown in T a ble 5-2 on page 74.

When the selected carrier is detected, the modem sends a ‘CONNECT’ result to

the DTE. If a different signal is detected, the modem sends a “+FCERROR” (con-

nect error) result code to the DTE and returns to command mode.

After receiving the selected carrier, the modem transfers all received data patterns

to the DTE as consecutive start-stop framed bytes, including leading marking con-

ditions or flags. The modem marks the end of the data stream with <DLE><ETX>.

+FRM=n

none

Upon loss of carrier, the modem returns to command state and sends a “NO CAR-

RIER” result code to the DTE.

Note: If the modem is on-hook, then the modem always returns an ‘ERROR’

message to the DTE after receiving the +FRM=<mod> command.

Range: <mod> = 24, 48, 72, 73, 74, 96, 97, 98, 121, 122, 145, 146

Refer to T a ble 5-2 on page 74.

Wait for Silence: The +FRS=<TIME> command causes the modem to send an

“OK” result code to the DTE when silence has been detected on the line for the

amount of time specified. The value <TIME> is in 10-ms intervals. The command

terminates when the required amount of silence has been detected on the line or

the DTE sends the modem another character that is discarded. In either event, the

DTE returns the “OK” result code.

+FRS=n

none

Range: <TIME> = 1–255 (10 ms)

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Table 5-3. Fax Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Note: An asterisk (*) denotes the factory-default setting.

Command

Default

Description

Transmit HDLC Data: The +FTH=<mod> command causes the modem to trans-

mit data framed in HDLC protocol using the modulation mode selected. <mod>

may have the values shown in T a ble 5-2 on page 74.

After receiving the +FTH command, the modem sends a “CONNECT” result code

to the DTE. The modem then transmits signal converter training (if required) fol-

lowed by flags until the first byte of data is sent by the DTE. The modem termi-

nates the +FTH command upon detecting <DLE><ETX> characters in the data

stream.

When the buffer is empty, the modem computes and appends the FCS (Frame

Check Sequence) and a closing flag to the frame. The modem ensures that the

minimum number of flags required by T.30 are sent before the data from the DTE

begins to be transmitted.

The modem checks the final frame bit in the control field of each frame; this is the

fifth-received bit of the second byte of each frame. If the final frame bit is a “1”, the

modem ceases transmission after the frame is sent, returns to command state,

and sends the “OK” result code to the DTE. If the final frame bit is a “0”, the mo-

dem sends another “CONNECT” result code to the DTE after the current frame is

sent. The modem continues to transmit flags until the DTE takes one of the follow-

ing actions:

+FTH=n

none

• The DTE sends additional data. The modem then transmits another frame.

• The DTE sends only <DLE><ETX>(a null frame). The modem then turns off the

transmit carrier and send the “OK” result code to the DTE.

• If the DTE transmits no additional data within 5 seconds from when the modem

reported the “CONNECT” result code, the modem turns off the transmit carrier

mode, returns to command mode, and sends the “ERROR” result code to the DTE.

In HDLC transmit mode, the modem performs HDLC transparency functions, FCS

generation, and buffers the transmit data. The modem uses the configured meth-

od of flow control to pause the DTE as necessary.

Note: If the modem is on-hook, it always returns an “ERROR” message to the

DTE after receiving the +FTH=<mod> command.

Range: <mod> = 3

Refer to T a ble 5-2 on page 74.

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Table 5-3. Fax Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Note: An asterisk (*) denotes the factory-default setting.

Command

Default

Description

Transmit Data: The +FTM = <mod> command causes the modem to transmit

data using the modulation selected in <mod>.

The modem returns a “CONNECT” result code and transmits the proper training

sequence in the selected mode, followed by constant “1” bits until data is received

from the DTE. The modem terminates this command upon detecting <DLE><ETX>

characters in the data stream.

If the modem’s transmit buffer empties and the last transmitted character is an

ASCII NULL (00), the modem continues to transmit NULLs until the DTE sends

more data or 5 seconds have elapsed. After 5 seconds have elapsed with an emp-

ty transmit buffer, the DCE turns off the transmit carrier, returns to command state,

and returns an “ERROR” result code to the modem.

+FTM=n

none

Note: Hex $00 replication does not provide the required timing needed for

generating the TCF frame (1.5 seconds of ‘0’s’).

If the modem’s transmit buffer empties and the last transmitted character was not

a NULL, the modem turns off the transmit carrier, returns to command state, and

sends the “OK” result code to the DTE.

Note: If the modem is on-hook, the modem always returns an “ERROR”

message to the DTE after receiving the +FTM = <mod> command.

Range: <mod> = 24, 48, 72, 73, 74, 96, 97, 98, 121, 122, 145, 146

Refer to T a ble 5-2 on page 74.

Stop Transmission and Pause: The +FTS=<TIME> command causes the mo-

dem to stop all transmissions. The modem waits for the specified amount of time,

then sends an “OK” result code to the DTE. The value <TIME> is in 10-ms inter-

vals.

+FTS=n

none

Range: <TIME> = 0–255 (in 10-ms intervals)

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6. IS-101 VOICE MODE AT COMMANDS

The 56K FastPath chipsets implement a voice mode AT command set that allows a DTE to record

and play back voice messages. In addition to this programmer’s guide, the Intel IS-101 Voice

Application Note, shows a number of ways to use these AT commands. This product is compatible

with the EIA/TIA IS-101 voice command set. This section lists supported commands and a detailed

description of each command (see Table 6-1 on page 82). When multiple commands are placed on

a line, a semicolon (;) must be placed after each voice (and fax) command.

See Table 2-6 and Table 2-7 on page 19 for voice character pairs (DTE-to-DCE and DCE-to-DTE).

Note: To originate a call, to answer, and to hang up, use the ATD, AT+VLS≠0, and AT+VLS=0

commands, respectively.

Each command may be used as follows:

+V<command>?

Read current setting

Read permissible settings

Set parameter

+V<command> = ?

+V<command> = <parameter>

For example, AT+FCLASS? determines whether the modem is configured for data (or fax) mode

or voice mode. AT+FCLASS=? determines which data/fax/voice modes are supported by the

modem. AT+FCLASS=n switches between voice mode and data mode.

The modem exchanges streams of data with the DTE while executing the commands for voice

playback (AT+VTX) and record (AT+VRX) and while in voice command mode (with either the

modem being off-hook or using the local phone — AT+VLS=n). In these modes, the DCE

searches for DTMF, calling tone, and dial tones and reports them to the DTE whenever they are

detected. Detection information and data stream terminators are passed between the DTE and DCE

by first sending an ASCII <DLE>character ($10h) followed by a special character. Special

characters in the data stream are used as follows:

any data ... <DLE><ETX>

any data ... <DLE><DLE>

end of data stream ($10 $03)

single $10 in data stream

X is a special character,

any data ... <DLE><X>

delete both <DLE> and X from

the data stream

When the DTE transfers data to the modem during playback mode (AT+VTX command), the DTE

must insert a <DLE>for each <DLE>in the original data stream. When data is no longer available,

the DTE must add the stream terminator <DLE><ETX>to the end of the data stream. If the modem

detects the two terminating characters <DLE><ETX>within the data stream, it transmits the data

immediately to the remote modem without waiting for the buffer to fill up. To abort playback mode

without waiting for the modem to empty the internal modem buffer, send

<DLE><CAN><DLE><ETX>. Immediately aborting the playback mode eliminates long delays

between receiving a DTMF tone or keyboard abort and starting a new function such as playing

back or recording a new message.

When the modem transfers data to the DTE during record mode (AT+VRX command), the DTE

must filter the data stream by removing all character pairs beginning with <DLE>. The DTE also

must recognize <DLE><ETX>as the stream terminator. Upon detecting <DLE><DLE>, the DTE

must reinsert a single <DLE>in its place. The modem buffers up to 512 bytes of voice data

received from the SAFE analog-to-digital converters if the DTE cannot read the data immediately.

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6.1 DTMF Detection

DTMF detection information is handled differently than other detection information. IS-101

specifies that more than one <DLE><DTMF CHAR>character pair may be sent for a single DTMF

tone burst. As such, the modem sends delimiter <DLE>character pairs to indicate the end of a tone

burst. When a DTMF tone is detected in playback or command mode, the modem sends

<DLE><DEL>to indicate the end of a burst. For example, from a single burst of DTMF 5 tones, the

following reports are possible:

Playback and voice command modes:

When a DTMF tone is detected in the record mode, the modem sends <DLE></>to indicate the

beginning of a tone burst. The modem may then send one or more <DLE><DTMF CHAR>character

pairs followed by <DLE><DEL>, which signifies the end of the tone. For example, from a single

burst of DTMF 5 tones, the following reports are possible:

Record mode only:

[voice data]<DLE></><DLE><5>[voice data]<DLE><DEL>[voice data]

[voice

data]<DLE></><DLE><5>[voice

data]<DLE><5>[voice

da-

ta]<DLE><DEL>[voice data]

6.2 Relay Control

To originate a call (that is, to originate call forwarding or auto-dialing) and to generate tones, use

the dialing command:

ATDT <telephone number>

If the modem was not already off-hook, then this command automatically configures the value for

AT+VLS=n to n=1 or n=5 depending on the value for Mn.

To answer a call, use the AT+VLS=n command. Unlike data mode, the modem (when configured

for voice mode) does not automatically answer an incoming call (that is, the modem ignores the

contents of S-register S0).

Remote playback/record takes place whenever the modem is off-hook (OHREL* is activated). For

local playback/record, the modem is on-hook, and the user uses a local telephone or handset. The

LPHREL* relay driver may be used to control the local telephone or handset when implementing

local playback/record mode (AT+VLS=n). Additionally, voice messages may be played through

the modem/computer speaker. The FastPath chipsets also provide a microphone interface that can

be used for local recording.

In voice mode, all voice AT commands can be issued by the DTE at any valid speed between 300

bps to 115,200 bps. Typically, the DTE-to-modem data rate is set for 19,200 bps, which is the

recommended data rate for Class 1 fax mode. The DTE-to-modem data rate may need to be set to

115,200 bps in certain instances, such as during playback or during record mode for a CL1

compression scheme.

The following data and fax AT commands are supported in voice mode:

Data:

Fax:

All except ATA, ATIn

+FCLASS

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions

Note: An asterisk (*) denotes the factory-default setting.

Command

Default

Description

Voice Mode Selection: This command enables or disables voice mode. All voice

mode commands (except for +FCLASS=n) are valid only in voice mode.

n = 0, 1, 8

+FCLASS=8

n = 0*

n = 1

n = 8

Data mode

Class 1 fax mode

Voice mode enabled

Flow Control Select: This command allows the DTE to identify and select the

types of flow control used. DCEs using the IS-101 standard must support in-band

XON/XOFF flow control. XON is the ASCII <DCI>character (11h); XOFF is the

ASCII <DC3>character (13h). The DCE may provide ITU-T’s V.24 CTS (circuit

106) and RTS (circuit 133) for flow control.

+FLO=n

n = 0, 1, 2

n = 0

n = 1*

n = 2

Disables XON/XOFF and CTS/RTS flow control

Enables XON/XOFF flow control in either direction

The DTE uses ITU-T’s RTS to control flow to the modem; the

modem uses ITU-T CTS to control flow to the DTE.

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Buffer Threshold Setting: This command specifies the flow control assert and

deassert points inside the DCE’s internal transmit buffer. The internal buffer is

512 bytes. The +VBT=m parameters are fixed in firmware and cannot be

changed.

m = <deassert>, <assert>

Defaults: <deassert> = 192, <assert> = 320

<assert>: This parameter stops data transfer from the DTE when the number of

bytes in the buffer reaches the lower number of the range specified by the <as-

sert> parameter. So that no data is lost before the modem stops the flow of data,

the <assert> parameter allows more data to enter the buffer until it reaches the

larger number in its range.

+VBT=m

see “m”

Range: <assert> = 192

<deassert>: This parameter starts data transfer from the DTE after the number

of bytes in the transmit buffer falls below the <deassert> value.

Range: <deassert> = 320

Caller ID Selection: This command controls the reporting and presentation of

data in the ICLID (Incoming Call Line ID) data format used by the Caller ID ser-

vices in the United States and Canada. At a minimum, the data sent to the DCE

includes the date, time, and the caller’s telephone number. Caller ID information

is sent to the DTE during the first and second ring signals when the modem is in

voice, data, or fax mode.

n = 0–2

n = 0*

n = 1

Disables Caller ID

+VCID=n

Enables Caller ID with formatted presentation to the DTE. The

modem presents the data items in a <Tag><Value> pair format.

The expected pairs are data, time, caller code (phone number),

and name.

n = 2

Enables Caller ID with unformatted presentation to the DTE. The

modem presents the entire packet of information, excluding the

leading U’s, in ASCII-printable hex numbers.

Note: If S0=1 (auto-answer mode) and Caller ID is enabled in data modem

mode, then the modem answers only after the second ring signal.

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Distinctive Ring Selection: This command contains two parameters. The first

selects whether the modem reports distinctive ring cadence information. The

second parameter controls the timing of the RING event code report.

m=<enable>, <report>

Defaults = 0, 0

<enable> Ring Reporting: The DCE reports the length of the ring period.

Range: <enable> = 0–255 (enables/disables distinctive ring reporting in the form

DROF=<number in units of 0.1 seconds><CR><LF>)

<report> Time Ring Reporting: The DCE reports the silence period’s length.

The DCE may produce a RING event code after the DRON message if enabled

by the <report> parameter. The <report> parameter should be set to a value larg-

er than the expected off-times within a single pattern so the RING even reports

are issued only during the off-times between the complex patterns.

+VDR=m

see “m”

Range: <report> = 0–255 (reporting type in the form DROF=<number in

units of 0.1 seconds>)

Function

Distinctive ring disabled

–

The modem reports DROF and DRON messages

but does not report RING messages

The modem reports DROF, DRON and RING mes-

sages

non-0

–

2–255

Reserved

Regardless of its setting, the +VDR command can be disabled by the +VEM com-

mand.

Event Reporting and Masking: This command selects which detection events

are supported in voice mode. Each event is represented by a single bit of a four-

digit hex number (see the following table). Setting an event number bit to 0 means

that event is not reported. Setting a bit to 1 indicates that a detected event is re-

ported. While the event settings affect all modes (that is, playback, record, and

command modes), not just voice command mode, the mask can be changed

each time the mode is changed. Not all events are supported in each mode. See

the following table for supported events. This modem supports more features

than an IS-101 Class C-compliant modem. (Class C is the highest IS-101 com-

pliant modem, and Class A is the lowest.) See the following examples for more

information.

+VEM=m

see “m”

m = <mask>

Defaults = “C”, BB860980, BFE63883, BB863EE0

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Event Reporting and Masking: (cont.)

Event

Number

(Bit Number)

Hex Digit

Location

Event Description

DCE Voice Mode(s)

Caller ID report

Reserved

Command

Distinctive ringing

All

3 *

4 *

5 *

RING

All

Receive

DTMF received

Receive buffer overrun

Fax calling (for example,

1100 Hz)

Data calling (for example,

1300 Hz)

Local phone on/off hook All

Presumed hang-up

(SILENCE) timeout

Presumed end of

message (QUIET) timeout

Reserved

6 *

All

9 *

Receive

10 *

Receive and command

Reserved

Loop current interruption All

Loop current polarity

reversal

All

18 *

19 *

20 *

Reserved

Ringback/remote ring

BUSY reorder/fast busy

DIALTONE

+VEM=m

(cont.)

see “m”

All

Receive and Command

Reserved

23*

Transmit buffer under-run Transmit

Extension phone on/off

hook

Fax or data answer (for

example, 2100 Hz)

Data answer (for example,

2225 Hz)

Reserved

25 *

All

Command

NOTES:

1) Items marked with an asterisk (*) meet IS-101 Class C specifications.

2) All: Playback, Record, and Command modes.

3) Reserved: Reserved event number that should be set to zero.

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Event Reporting and Masking: (cont.)

Example 1. Viewing Supported Events:

To determine what events are supported by the modem, send ‘AT+VEM=?’.

AT+VEM=?

‘C’ ← Feature Class

DB860980 ← Playback mode events

OFEE0883 ← Record mode events

BB863EE0 ← Command mode events

Example 2. Setting the Event Mask:

To set the event mask, issue AT+VEM=m, where ‘m’ is eight hex digits. This com-

mand is issued only in command mode and is followed when changing between

voice modes. That is, the modem uses the event mask previously set by the

+VEM=m command when entering playback or record mode. The modem ig-

nores any event bit set when that feature is not supported in that voice mode.

+VEM=m

(cont.)

see “m”

AT+VEM=BB863EE0

Example 3. Reading the Event Mask Settings:

To read the settings for each event, type:

AT+VEM?

BB863EE0

Example 4. Understanding the +VEM Hexadecimal Code:

The following illustration shows how the hexadecimal eight-digit code

(BB863EE0) is derived from the bit setting for each event:

HEX DIGIT LOCATION:1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

EIGHT-DIGIT HEX CODE: B B 8 6 3 E E 0

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

The following example shows how to read the string.

HEX VALUE

BIT VALUE

EVENT

1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1

1 0 0 0

0 1 1 0

0 0 11

1 1 1 0

0 0 0 0

1 1 1 0

20 21 22 23

0 1 2 3

4 5 6 7

8 9 10 11

12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19

24 25 26 27

28 29 30 31

HEX DIGIT LOCATION

Speakerphone Microphone Gain: This command sets the speakerphone’s mi-

crophone gain.

+VGM=n

128

n = 121–131

n = 128*

Nominal value

Receive Gain Selection: This command sets the recording level for the mo-

dem’s voice mode. A different recording level may be needed for each type of re-

cording device. This includes telephone line, local handset, local telephone, or

microphone.

+VGR=n

128

n = 121-131

n = 128*

Nominal recording level

Speakerphone Speaker Gain: This command sets the speakerphone’s speaker

gain.

n = 121-131

+VGS=n

+VGT=n

128

Default: n = 128*

n = 121

n = 131

Gain smaller than normal

Gain larger than normal

Volume Selection: This command sets the volume level for the modem’s play-

back voice mode. A different playback level may be needed for each type of play-

back device (telephone line, local handset, local telephone, or speaker).

n = 121-131

n = 128*

Nominal transmit level

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Initialize Parameter: This command causes the modem to initialize all voice pa-

rameters to the factory default values. This command does not change relay or

speaker setup (that is, if the modem is off-hook, then the modem remains off

hook after processing this command).

+VIP

none

DTE / DCE Inactivity Timer: This command sets the length of time the modem

can be inactive in voice mode before the modem resets its relays +VLS=0 and

changes to data mode (FCLASS=0) with autobauding. The purpose of this timer

is to ensure that the DTE does not leave the DCE in a mode that cannot be ac-

cessed by voice-unaware software. This timer is supported in playback, record

and voice command mode. Sending any data (such as a <DLE><NUL>string) to

the modem re-initializes this timer.

+VIT=n

n =0–255 (units of 1.0 second)

n = 0*

Disables inactivity timer

Inactivity timer active

n ≠ 0

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Relay/Playback Control: This command controls the four µP relay drivers and

controls hardware paths for voice playback/record transmit and receive.

Preassigned Voice I/O Labels

Primitive

Code

<label>

Description

None

DCE on hook. Local phone connected to Telco.

DCE off hook. DCE connected to Telco. Local phone pro-

vided with power to detect the hook condition.

DCE on hook. Local phone connected to DCE.

DCE off hook. Local phone connected to Telco. DCE con-

nected to Telco. (Not implemented. Return error.)

Internal speaker connected to DCE. DCE on-hook. Local

phone connected to Telco.

Internal speaker connected to Telco. DCE off-hook. DCE

connected to Telco. Local phone provided with power to

detect hook condition.

Internal microphone connected to DCE. DCE on hook.

Local phone connected to Telco.

Internal microphone and internal speaker connected to

Telco. Squelching active. DCE off hook. DCE connected to

Telco. Local phone provided with power to detect hook con-

dition.

External speaker connected to DCE. DCE on-hook. Local

phone connected to Telco. (Implemented as 4. Speaker

jack determines.)

External speaker connected to Telco. DCE off hook. DCE

connected to Telco. Local phone provided with power to

detect hook condition. (Implemented as 5. Speaker jack

determines.)

MST

+VLS=n

S1T

Internal microphone and external speaker connected to

Telco. Squelching active. DCE off hook. DCE connected to

Telco. Local phone provided with power to detect hook con-

dition. (Implemented as 7. Speaker jack determines.)

External microphone connected to DCE. DCE on hook.

Local phone connected to Telco. (Implemented as 6. Mic

jack determines.)

External microphone and internal speaker connected to

Telco. Squelching active. DCE off hook. DCE connected to

Telco. Local phone provided with power to detect hook con-

dition. (Implemented as 7. Mic jack determines.)

External microphone and external speaker connected to

Telco. Squelching active. DCE off hook. DCE connected to

Telco. Local phone provided with power to detect hook con-

dition. (implemented as 7)

MS1T

M1ST

M1S1T

Handset or headset connected to DCE. DCE on hook.

Local phone connected to Telco.

Handset or headset connected to Telco. DCE off-hook.

DCE connected to Telco. Local phone provided with power

to detect hook condition.

Handset or headset connected to Telco with microphone

muted. DCE off-hook. DCE connected to Telco. Local

phone provided with power to detect hook condition.

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Relay/Playback Control: (cont.)

Voice I/O Primitive Codes

Primitive Code

Description

Local phone

Telco line

Internal microphone

External microphone

Internal speaker (requires squelch on any microphone activ-

ity)

External speaker (requires squelch on any microphone activ-

ity)

External microphone and speaker combination (handset or

headset)

+VLS=n

(cont.)

Note: For speakerphone applications, see ATI10, +VSP, and “Speakerphone

AT Command Requirements” in the Voice Application Note for more

details.

Automatic Hang-Up Control: This command changes the way the modem re-

sponds to hang-up commands after it switches from voice mode to fax or data

modes.

n = 0–2

n = 0*

n = 1

n = 2

The modem retains automatic hang-ups as normal in data and

fax modes

+VNH=n

The modem disables automatic hang-ups usually found in non-

voice modes

The modem disables all automatic hang-ups usually found in

non-voice modes except a ‘logical’ hang-up

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Ringback-Goes-Away Timer: After originating a call in voice mode, this com-

mand selects the length of time the DCE waits between ringbacks before the

DCE assumes the remote party has gone off hook. After dialing a phone number

and detecting a ringback, the modem sends <DLE><O>to the DTE if another ring-

back is not detected within this timer value. This indicates that the remote tele-

phone has been picked up (that is, gone off-hook). The ringback-goes-away timer

is reset every time a new ringback is detected.

+VRA=n

n = 0–50 (in 100-ms increments)

n = 0

The DCE returns the ‘OK’ code immediately after ringback.

(50 = 5.0 seconds)*

n = 50*

Ringback-Never-Appeared Timer: This command sets the length of time the

DCE waits for ringback when originating a call in voice mode. After dialing a

phone number, the modem sends an ‘Error’ result code to the DTE if ringback is

not detected before the timer value elapses. This may indicate one of several

conditions: the remote telephone was picked up before the ringback tone was

generated; the number is no longer in service; or the number was incomplete.

This timer is disabled after detecting the first ringback.

+VRN=n

n = 0–255 (in 1-second increments)

n = 0

The DCE immediately returns the OK result code after dialing

(10 = 10 seconds)*

n = 10*

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Record Mode: This command causes the modem to enter record mode to record

voice messages.

Upon receiving the AT+VRX command, the modem responds to the DTE with a

‘CONNECT’ message at the current DTE-to-modem rate. It is important that the

UART DTE-to-modem rate be equal or higher to the compression-scheme-re-

quired UART data rate (for example, CL1 at 4800 samples/second requires

57,600 bps). If the DTE-to-modem data rate is lower than the compression-

scheme-required UART data rate, then data may be lost or may be garbled during

playback of the message. After sending the “CONNECT” message, the modem

then sends digitized voice data that is <DLE>-shielded to the DTE. The modem

buffers the data to ensure steady voice delivery even though the voice data may

be transferred to the DTE in bursts. The DTE may use the <DLE><NUL> shielded

code as a no-operation command to refresh the inactivity timer.

During voice receive mode, the modem informs the DTE about pertinent events

that may prompt the DTE to terminate the voice receive state. The DCE sends

<DLE>codes for detection of signals such as busy tone, dial tone, DTMF tone,

and codes for “Presumed End of Message” or “Presumed Hang-up.” Record

mode is terminated whenever the modem issues a <DLE><ESC> command or

provides a DTE/DCE inactivity timer time-out. Upon detecting the terminating

character, the modem stops sampling the analog data. The modem then termi-

nates record mode by sending the remaining voice data stored in its internal buff-

er, <DLE><ETX>, and an ‘OK’ message to the DTE.

+VRX

none

In some situations, the application software may want to abort record mode and

immediately perform a new function without first reading all the recorded voice

data from the modem’s internal buffer (for example, after detecting fax calling

tone). This is accomplished by sending <DLE><!>to the modem while in record

mode. Upon seeing <DLE><!>, the modem terminates record mode, clears the

modem’s internal record buffer, and issues a <DLE><ETX>to the DTE followed

by an ‘OK’ message.

The modem may immediately abort record mode if it receives either an

AT+VIT=n time-out or a DTR toggle. If +VIT≠0 and the modem has not received

any data or a <DLE><NUL>code before the +VIT timer times out, then the modem

immediately aborts record mode. The modem then hangs up the line and chang-

es to data mode (+FCLASS=0). If the UART DTR signal is toggled on-off-on, then

the modem follows the &Dn setting. If configured for &D2 or &D3, the modem im-

mediately aborts record mode, hangs up the line, and changes to data mode

(+FCLASS=0).

Note: The voice sampling rate and sampling mode must be the same values as

used during record mode.

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Silence Detection (Quiet and Silence): This command allows the DTE to set

two parameters: <sds> reports the sensitivity for silence detection, and <sdi> re-

ports the length of silence required for the DCE to report silence when receiving

voice.

The <DLE><s>silence timer starts immediately after entering record mode. The

modem stops using the <DLE><s>timer and starts using the <DLE><q>timer if:

• the <DLE><s>silence timer has timed out and a <DLE><s>code has been sent to

the DTE, or

• if noise or voice energy has been detected above the silence detection threshold (as

defined by <sds>).

m = <sds>, <sdi>

Defaults: m = 128, 50

+VSD=m

see ‘m’

<sds> Silence Sensitivity: If the received analog signal stays below this speci-

fied level for a user-specified time delay, the modem sends <DLE><q>to the DTE.

The modem sends only one <DLE><q>to the DTE each time record mode +VRX

is entered.

<sds> = 121–131

n = 128*

Nominal level

<sdi> Length of Silence: This parameter sets the period of silence that must

elapse before the DCE reports silence (as detected by “Quiet” or “Silence”).

<sdi> = 0–255 (units of 0.1 second)

n = 0

Silence detection disabled

Silence detection enabled

n = 50*

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Compression Method Selection: This command contains four parameters that

specify the voice compression method, voice sampling rate, silence compression

sensitivity, and the degree of silence expansion. The DCE can support different

capabilities for each compression method.

m= <cml>, <vsr>, <scs>, <sel>

Defaults: m = 140, 8000, 0, 0

<cml> Compression Method: This parameter selects a voice compression

method. The DTE can obtain the label and a string constant identifier by using

the +VSM? command.

Range: <cml> = 0–2, 128, 129, 132, 140, 141

Default: <cml> = 140

<cml> = 0

LIN1: 8-bit Linear PCM (pulse code modulation) sampling using

twos-complement signed numbers

<cml> = 1

<cml> = 2

LIN2: 16-bit Linear PCM sampling using unsigned numbers

AD4: 4-bit Adaptive differential pulse code modulation

<cml> = 128 LIN1: 8-bit Linear PCM (pulse code modulation) sampling using

twos-complement signed numbers

<cml> = 129 LIN2: 16-bit Linear PCM sampling using unsigned numbers

<cml> = 132 AD4: 4-bit Adaptive differential pulse code modulation

<cml> = 140* CL1: 8-bit Intel A-law

manufac-

turer-

specified

+VSM=m

<cml> = 141 AD3: 3-bit Adaptive differential pulse code modulation

<vsr> Sampling Rate: This parameter selects the DCE voice sampling/digitiz-

ing rate for the voice signal. The supported sampling rates are dependent on the

compression schemes used. Use the +VSM=? command to obtain supported

sampling rates.

Range: <vsr> = 4800, 7200, 8000, and 11025 samples/second

Default: <vsr> = 8000*

<vsr>

(samples/second)

Comments

4800

7200

8000

9600

11025

Default used by previous legacy modems

Used by some bulletin boards

Used by many Windows^∗.WAV files

<scs> Silence Sensitivity: The function of this parameter depends on whether

the DTE is transmitting or receiving in voice mode. The DTE can modify the si-

lence expansion using the <sel> parameter. When transmitting voice, a non-zero

value of this parameter informs the DCE that the data stream was recorded with

silence compression.

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Compression Method Selection: (cont.)

Transmission: Range: n = 0

n = 0*

Disabled

When receiving voice, this parameter changes the level of noise

that the DCE treats as silence. A higher “n” number raises the

threshold of noise detection.

Reception: Range: n = 0

n = 0*

n =increments of 1

Disables DCE silence compression

Raises noise detection threshold

<sel> Silence Expansion: This command enables the DTE to modify the

amount of silence expansion. This parameter represents the maximum period of

silence the DCE expands a period of silence compressed by the <scs> parame-

ter. The DCE ignores the <sel> parameter if <scs> is zero.

<vsr>

Serial

UART

<cml>

Compression

Hard Disk

(Bytes/sec.)

Sampling Data Rate Data Rate

Note

Rate

(bps)

<cml> = CL1*

<cml> = AD3

<cml> = AD4

<cml> = LIN1

4800

7200

8000

9600

11025

48,000

72,000

80,000

96,000

110,250

57,600

4800

7200

8000

9600

11,025

115,200

manufac-

turer-

specified

+VSM=m

(cont.)

4800

7200

8000

9600

11025

18,000

27,000

30,000

36,000

41,344

19,200

38,400

57,600

1800

2700

3000

3600

4135

4800

7200

8000

9600

11025

24,000

36,000

40,000

48,000

55,125

38,400

57,600

2400

3600

4800

5513

4800

7200

8000

9600

11,025

48,000

72,000

80,000

96,000

110,250

57,600

4800

7200

8000

9600

11,025

115,200

<cml> = LIN2

4800

96,000

115,200

9600

NOTES:

1) Because of the high UART data rates, these compression/sample rates may

not be applicable to the serial host interface (that is, serial box modem)

designs (see ATI5 to determine if the modem is using the serial host inter-

face). For parallel and PC Card host interfaces, the modem ignores the

UART data rate.

2) DTMF detection is provided for all sample rates.

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Speakerphone On/Off Control: This command turns on the speakerphone

function. This feature provides full-duplex speakerphone capabilities with internal

adaptive echo cancellers. This command takes the received voice signal and

loops it back to the analog transmit pins. The host must configure the relays and

microphone interface as necessary using the AT+VLS=n command. Typically,

this means setting the off-hook relay driver, speaker, and microphone inputs with

AT+VLS=7.

+VSP=n

After enabling the speakerphone mode (+VSP=1), the modem remains in voice

command mode and provides information about local off-hook detection, DTMF

detection, and tone detection — if supported by the modem board.

n = 0, 1

n = 0*

n = 1

Speakerphone mode disabled

Speakerphone mode enabled

Speakerphone Type Selection: This command determines which speaker-

phone type is used when the modem receives a +VSP=n command. This allows

the application software to select whether telephone emulation or digital speak-

erphone is used for +VSP=n. Upon powering-up, the modem determines wheth-

er it can support a digital speakerphone mode. If digital speakerphone is support-

ed, then the factory default value is equal to “1”. If the digital speakerphone is not

supported, then the factory default is “0”.

#VSPS=n

n = 0, 1

n = 0

Telephone Emulation Mode speakerphone

Digital speakerphone

n = 1*

Beep Tone Duration Timer: This command sets the default duration of all DTMF

tones.

+VTD=n

100

n = 5–255 (units of 0.01 seconds)

Default: n = 100

n = 100*

Default value (1 second)

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

DTMF and Tone Generation: This command causes the modem to generate

DTMF tones or pulse tones in voice mode. The <DLE><!>code aborts the play-

back of tones, sends the “OK” result code, and returns the modem to the voice

command state. The DTE/DCE inactivity timer is in place during tone production.

The command +VTS sent without a parameter assumes the default value, which

is a null string. The DTE may use the <DLE><NUL>-shielded code to refresh the

timer.

+VTS=m

none

m=<string> The <string> is made up of a list of <freq> and <duration> parame-

ters. <freq> is in units of Hz, and <duration> is in units of 0.01 seconds.

The tone string consists of up to three types of elements: a single ASCII charac-

ter, a string in brackets, and a string in braces. Commas must separate the ele-

ments. Missing elements assume the value of zero. The following list explains

each element and how it can be used.

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

DTMF and Tone Generation: (cont.)

1) Single ASCII character in the set, 0-9, #, *, ! and A-D, which is interpreted as

a single DTMF tone. DTMF tones are sent as a single element expressed in the

form:

AT+VTS=<DTMF or !>

For example, to send a DTMF 1 tone, issue AT+VTS=1to the modem.

2) String drawn from the first set but not including a flash hook code “!” and en-

closed in brackets “[ ]”,which can produce a single or dual tone. The string in-

cludes three parameters, which set the frequency of two non-standard DTMF or

single tones and a common duration for both. The quantity in brackets consists

of a three-element list that is expressed in the following format:

AT+VTS=[<first tone freq 1>, <second tone freq 2>,

<duration>]

If the duration is not specified in the <duration> parameter, the modem sends

tones for the duration specified by the +VTD=n command.

a) Single tones can be sent in brackets using the following format:

AT+VTS=[<first tone freq 1>]

+VTS=m

(cont.)

none

AT+VTS=[<first tone freq 1>, <space>, <duration>]

For example: AT+VTS=[3000] This sends a single tone of 3000 Hz with a de-

fault duration specified by +VTD=n.

For example: AT+VTS=[3000,,50]

This sends a single tone of 3000 Hz with a duration of 500 ms (50 x

0.01 second).

b) Dual tones may be sent using the following format:

AT+VTS=[<first tone freq 1>,<second tone freq 2>]

AT+VTS=[<first tone freq 1>,<second tone freq 2>,

<duration>]

For example: AT+VTS=[3000,3300]

This sends a dual tone of 3000 Hz and 3300 Hz with the default duration set

by the +VTD=n command.

For example: AT+VTS=[3000,3300,50]

This sends a dual tone of 3000 Hz and 3300 Hz with a duration of 500 ms

(50 x 0.01 second).

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

DTMF and Tone Generation: (cont.)

c) This command can be used to send a period of silence in a tone string.

Use the following format:

AT+VTS=[ , ,<duration>]

AT+VTS=[ ]

For example: AT+VTS=[ , ,50]

This sends a 500-ms period of silence.

3) Single DTMF tones or hookflashes are sent enclosed in braces “{ }”. A duration

must be included, as the duration set in +VTD=n does not apply.

Use the following format:

AT+VTS={<DTMF or !>,<duration>}

For example: AT+VTS={2,30}

This command sends DTMF tone 2 with a duration of 300 ms.

For example: AT+VTS={!,50}

This command sends a hook flash with a duration of 500 ms.

+VTS=m

(cont.)

Send multiple DTMF signals and tones by combining elements in a given

+VTS=m command string. For example:

none

AT+VTS={!,30}, 1, 2, [1000,1300,50], !, {*,6}, [1000], 9

This command line programs the following events:

1. Hook-flash with a duration of 300 ms.

2. Send DTMF 1 for the duration specified by +VTD command.

3. Send DTMF 2 for the duration specified by +VTD command.

4. Send tone pair 1000 Hz and 1300 Hz for a duration of 500 ms.

5. Hook-flash with a duration specified by +VTD command.

6. Send DTMF * for a duration of 60 ms.

7. Send tone 1000 Hz for a duration specified by the +VTD command.

8. Send DTMF 9 for the duration specified by +VTD command.

For example:

AT+VTS=1, [, ,50], 2, [ ], 9

This command line programs the following events:

1. Send DTMF 1 for the duration specified by +VTD command.

2. Play silence for a duration of 500 ms.

3. Send DTMF 2 for the duration specified by +VTD command.

4. Play silence for a duration specified by +VTD command.

5. Send DTMF 9 for the duration specified by +VTD command.

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Table 6-1. Voice Mode Command Descriptions (Continued)

Play Mode: This command causes the modem to start voice transmission (play-

back mode) and play back a previously recorded voice message.

Upon receiving the AT+VTX command, the modem responds to the DTE with a

“CONNECT” message at the current DTE-to-modem rate. It is important that the

UART’s DTE-to-modem rate be equal to or higher than the compression-

scheme-required UART data rate (for example, CL1 at 4800 samples/second re-

quires 57,600 bps). If the DTE-to-modem data rate is lower than the compres-

sion-scheme-required UART data rate, then data may be lost or the playback

message may be garbled. After receiving the “CONNECT” message, the DTE

then sends the voice file to the modem. To ensure that data is not overwritten, the

modem provides both hardware or software flow control with AT+FLO=n. The

modem also buffers the data to ensure steady voice delivery, even though the

voice data may be transferred from the DTE in bursts.

Playing mode is terminated when the data is exhausted and the modem receives

the two terminating characters <DLE><ETX> from the DTE. Upon detecting

<DLE><ETX>, the modem issues an “OK” result code. After the modem’s internal

buffer is empty, it returns to the command mode.

+VTX

none

To abort playback mode immediately without waiting for the modem to empty its

internal buffer, send <DLE><CAN><DLE><ETX>.The modem aborts playback

mode immediately in two other situations: during a AT+VIT=n time-out or a DTR

toggle. The modem immediately aborts playback mode if +VIT≠0 and the modem

has not received any data or if the modem receives a <DLE><NUL>code before

the +VIT timer time-out. The modem then hangs up the line and switches to data

mode (+FCLASS=0). If the UART DTR signal is toggled from on-off-on, then the

modem follows the &Dn setting. If configured for &D2 or &D3, then the modem

immediately aborts playback mode, hangs up the line, and switches to data mode

(+FCLASS=0).

Note: The voice sampling rate and sampling mode must be the same values

used during record mode.

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7. S-REGISTERS

The MD566X chipsets provide direct access to the internal registers known as S-registers. The

DTE uses S-registers to set up and check modem configurations. The contents of these registers

can be changed using the ATSn=x command, where ‘n’ is the register number and ‘x’ is the value

to be stored. The contents of the S-registers can be read using the ATSn? command. Most S-

registers can be read from or written to; however, some S-registers (such as S14) are read-only.

Writing to a read-only register may cause the modem to act improperly (that is, even though the

contents of a read-only S-register may be changed using the ATSn=x command, changing the

contents of the S-register does not normally configure the entire modem).

Reserved S-registers are used by the modem and provide no valuable information to the DTE.

These registers have been removed from the following table. Reserved S-registers should never be

written to, as they cause the modem to lock up.

Table 7-1. S-Register Command Descriptions

Note: An asterisk (*) denotes the factory-default setting.

Command

Default

Description

Number of Rings to Auto-Answer On: Assigning S0 a value from 1 to 255 config-

ures the modem for auto-answer mode. The modem automatically goes off-hook

and initiates a data mode-answer mode handshake after detecting the specified

number of rings. This S-register is meant for data modem mode only and should be

set to “0” for fax and voice modes.

Range: 0–255 rings

n = 0

Auto-answer mode disabled

Auto-answer mode enabled

n = 1-255

NOTES:

1) If Caller ID is enabled (+VCID=n), then the modem only answers after the sec-

ond ring even if S0=1.

2) Setting n > 2 causes the modem to answer on the n^thring signal.

Ring Count: Reports the number of ring signals detected by the modem. This reg-

ister is cleared to zero if no new ring signals are detected within an 8-second time

interval.

Range: 0–255 rings

Default: 0 rings

Escape Character: S2 specifies an ASCII value for the Hayes or TIES escape char-

acter. The factory default is “+” or ASCII decimal 43. The escape character may

range between 0–127. Any value over 127 disables the escape sequence.

Range: 0–127

Default: 43 (“+”)

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Table 7-1. S-Register Command Descriptions (Continued)

Carriage Return Character: S3 specifies the AT command string terminator and

modem response code terminator. The factory default is a <CR> or carriage return

(ASCII decimal 13).

Range: 0–127

Default: 13 (Carriage Return)

Line Feed Character: S4 specifies the line feed character, which is used for verbose

(text) modem result codes.

Range: 0-127

Default: 10 (line feed)

Backspace Character: S5 specifies the backspace character that is used to delete

the last-entered character. After receiving a backspace character, the modem sends

three characters to the DTE: a backspace character, a space character, and then an-

other backspace character.

Range: 0–32, 127

Default: 8 (BS)

Wait Before Blind Dialing: S6 specifies the amount of time that must elapse after

the modem goes off-hook before the modem starts dialing the first telephone num-

ber. The modem waits for at least 2 seconds before dialing the first number, even if

S6 is set for a value less than 2. S6 is only used for result code type commands X0,

X1, and X3 (that is, blind-dialing types of result codes). Result code types X2 and X4

enable dial-tone detection and ignore the contents of S6.

Range: 2–255 seconds

Default: 2 seconds

Wait for Carrier/Dial Tone: S7 specifies the length of time that the modem waits to

detect the remote modem carrier after dialing the telephone number. If the remote

modem carrier is not detected within the S7 time limit, the modem hangs up and

sends a ‘NO CARRIER’ response code to the DTE. If the remote modem carrier is

detected, the modem goes into online data mode and sends a “CONNECT” mes-

sage to the DTE.

S7 also specifies the time duration for the ‘@’ (wait for quiet answer) dial modifier.

Range: 1–255 seconds

Default: 60 seconds

Pause Time for Dial Modifier: S8 specifies the length of time that the modem paus-

es during the dialing process each time the ‘,’ dial modifier is detected in the dialing

string.

Range: 0–255 seconds

Default: 2 seconds

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Table 7-1. S-Register Command Descriptions (Continued)

Carrier Detect Recovery Time: S9 specifies how long the remote modem carrier

must be present on the telephone line before the modem detects it and turns on

DCD. The greater the time duration, the less likely that a false carrier detection oc-

curs due to noise on the telephone line.

Range: 1–255 (1/10 of a second)

Default: 6 (equals 0.6 seconds)

Lost Carrier Hang Up Delay: For modes V.34, V.90 and V.92, the modem retries

the connection for S10 plus some base time before hanging up. The base time is 20

seconds in V.34 and 45 seconds in V.90 and V.92.

S10 reports the time in 1/10-second units beyond 20 seconds. For example, when

S10 = 0, the wait time is 20 seconds. When S10 = 100, the wait time is 30 seconds.

S10

In V.34, V.90 and V.92 modes, the modem automatically retries the connection for

45 seconds when S10 = 1–254.

For all modes, the modem does not disconnect upon loss of the remote modem car-

rier if S10 is 255.

Range: 0–255 (1/10 of a second)

Default: 14 (equals 1.4 seconds)

DTMF Dialing Speed: S11 specifies the duration of dual-tone multi-frequency (DT-

MF) dialing. This register is not used for pulse dialing.

S11

Range: 50-255 ms

Default: 70 ms

Guard Time: S12 is used to specify guard and detect times used for the Hayes and

TIES escape sequences.

For the Hayes Escape Sequence, S12 specifies the minimum-delay timer (or guard

time) before and after the three escape characters that is required for the modem to

detect the Hayes Escape Sequence.

S12

For TIES, S12 specifies the maximum time limit that must elapse after receiving the

three escape characters (and no other characters) before sending an OK message

to the DTE.

Range: 0–255 (1/50 of a second)

Default: 50 (equals 1 second)

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Table 7-1. S-Register Command Descriptions (Continued)

Bit-Mapped Options: S14 is a read-only register that indicates AT command set-

tings.

Bit 0

Reserved

Bit 1

Bit 2

Bit 3

E0 is selected

E1 is selected

Q0 is selected

Q1 is selected

S14

138

V0 is selected

V1 is selected

Bit 4

Bit 5

Reserved

T (tone) dial is selected

P (pulse) dial is selected

Bit 6

Bit 7

Reserved

Answer

Originate

Modem Test Options: S16 indicates the test in progress.

Bit 0

Local analog loopback disabled

Local analog loopback enabled

(&T1)

Bit 1

Reserved

S16

Bit 2–5

Bit 6

Reserved

Analog loopback with self-test disabled

Analog loopback with self-test

enabled (&T8)

Bit 7

Reserved

Modem Test Timer: S18 specifies the length of time that the modem conducts a

data mode (except V.90 and V.92 mode) loopback test using the &Tn command. Af-

ter timing out, the modem returns to command mode. Setting S18 to “0” disables the

modem test timer; the loopback test must be terminated by issuing the appropriate

escape sequence followed by an AT&T0 or ATH.

S18

Range: 0–255 seconds

Default: 0 seconds

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Table 7-1. S-Register Command Descriptions (Continued)

Bit-Mapped Options: S21 is a read-only register that indicates AT command set-

tings.

Bit 0

Reserved

Bit 1

Bit 2

Bits 4-3

10*

&D0 is selected

&D1 is selected

&D2 is selected

&D3 is selected

S21

Bit 5

Bit 6

Bit 7

&C0 is selected

&C1 is selected

&S0 is selected

&S1 is selected

Y0 is selected

Y1 is selected

Bit-Mapped Options: S22 is a read-only register that indicates AT command set-

tings.

Bits 1-0

Bits 3-2

Bits 6-4

10*

L0 is selected

L1 is selected

L2 is selected

L3 is selected

01*

M0 is selected

M1 is selected

M2 is selected

M3 is selected

S22

118

000

001

010

011

100

101

110

111*

X0 is selected

Reserved

X1 is selected

X2 is selected

X3 is selected

X4 is selected

Bit 7

&P0 is selected

&P1 is selected

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Table 7-1. S-Register Command Descriptions (Continued)

Bit-Mapped Options: S23 is a read-only register that indicates AT command set-

tings.

Bit 0

Reserved

Bits 3-1

000

001

010

011

100

101

110

111

0-300 bps communications rate

1200 bps

2400 bps

4800 bps

Reserved

9600 bps

19,200 bps

≥38.4 bps

S23

none

Bit 5,4

Bit 7,6

Even parity/space parity

No parity

Odd parity/mark

Reserved

&G0 is selected

&G1 is selected

&G2 is selected

Reserved

Detect DTR Change: S25 defines the minimum amount of time that DTR has to re-

main off (that is, on-to-off-to-on transitions) before the modem performs the function

specified by &Dn command. A change in DTR that persists for a shorter time than

the value specified in S25 is ignored by the modem (see the &Dn command).

S25

Range: 0–255 (1/100 of a second)

Bit-Mapped Options: S27 is a read-only register that indicates AT command set-

tings.

Bits 3,1,0

000*

001

010

011

100

101

110

111

&Q0 is selected

Reserved

S27

Not used

Bits 2, 4, 5

Bits 7,6

Reserved

01*

B0 is selected

B1 is selected

B2 is selected

B3 is selected

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Table 7-1. S-Register Command Descriptions (Continued)

Disconnect Inactivity Timer: This S-register sets the length of time (in minutes)

that the modem stays online/off-hook before disconnecting when no data is being

transmitted or received. In data and fax modes, any data transmitted or received be-

tween the DTE-DCE interface resets the timer. In all other modes (except Tele-

phone-Emulation mode), any data transmitted resets the timer. In Telephone-Emu-

lation mode, S30 is ignored (that is, the modem does not automatically hang up the

line after a given time delay).

S30

Range: n = 0–255 minutes

n = 0

Disabled

Bit-Mapped Options: S31 is a read-only register that indicates AT command set-

tings.

Bit 0

Bit 1

N0 is selected

N1 is selected

&U0 is selected

&U1 is selected

Reserved

Bit 2

Bit 3

S31

-C0 is selected

-C1 is selected

%E0 is selected

%E1 is selected

%G0 is selected

%G1 is selected

Reserved

Bit 4

Bit 5

Bit 6, 7

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Table 7-1. S-Register Command Descriptions (Continued)

Sleep Mode Timer: S33 determines when the modem enters sleep or power-down

mode. When enabled (S33 ≠ 0), the controller enters sleep mode whenever the mo-

dem has been inactive for a user-programmable time delay (S33). The modem is

considered to be in an inactive state when:

1) No internal processing is being performed;

2) No activity occurs between the host and the modem within a

specified time period;

S33

3) The modem is off-line.

The modem exits sleep mode whenever the host reads or writes to the

modem or when a ring signal is detected.

Sleep mode is disabled by setting S33 to “0”.

Range: 0–90 seconds

Maximum Line Speed Attempted: This S-register selects the maximum line speed

allowable (that is, the modem attempts to connect at this speed or falls back to a low-

er speed). Settings for Bn, +MS=m, Nn, and S37 determine the allowable modem

connections. S37 provides the same information as the +MS=m <max rate> param-

eter. Changing the +MS=m <max rate> parameter automatically changes the value

of S37. For example, setting +MS=m <max rate> to 0 sets S37 to 0. Note that S37

has no effect during V.32 bis retraining/rate negotiation.

S37

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Table 7-1. S-Register Command Descriptions (Continued)

Maximum Line Speed Attempted: (cont.)

n = 0–35

n = 0*

n = 1

DTE rate

Reserved

300

n = 2

n = 3

n = 4

Reserved

1200

n = 5

n = 6

2400

n = 7

4800

n = 8

7200

n = 9

9600

n = 10

n = 11

n = 12

n = 13

n = 14

n = 15

n = 16

n = 17

n = 18

n = 19

n = 20

n = 21

n = 22

n = 23

n = 24

n = 25

n = 26

n = 27

n = 28

n = 29

n = 30

n = 31

n = 32

12,000

14,400

16,800

19,200

21,600

24,000

26,400

28,800

31,200

33,600

36,000

33,333

37,333

41,333

42,666

44,000

45,333

46,666

48,000

49,333

50,666

52,000

53,333

S37

n = 33

n = 34

n = 35

54,666^a

56,000^a

57,333^a

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a. Current download speeds are limited to 53,333 bps due to FCC rules that restrict modem power output.

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8. CALLER ID

This section describes Caller ID for the United States. Caller ID is a service that lets the called

party know the telephone number of the caller before the call is answered. The information

transmitted to the called party via Caller ID includes the caller’s name, call date, the call time, and

the call number. This service is not available everywhere due to central office telephone equipment

limitations and legal prohibition in some locations.

The +VCID = n command controls the reporting and presentation of data associated with the

Caller ID services in United States and Canada in the ICLID (incoming call line ID) data format.

The ICLID data comes in one of two formats: SDM (single data message) format or MDM

(multiple data message) format. In both formats, data is provided as data items and packet control

information.

When enabled, the DCE reports any Caller ID information detected after the first ring message

(note that more <CR> <LF> combinations may occur after the RING result code). All data items

are reported using the <tag> <=> <value> pair format. Spaces are present on both sides of the equal

sign.

This chipset allows for two types of Caller ID reporting formats, formatted and unformatted. In

formatted reporting, DCE does not report any Caller ID information if a check sum error is

detected in the Caller ID packet. If the DCE receives multiple copies of the Caller ID packets, the

DCE sends only one of the correct packets to the DTE. If the DCE has never presented a correct

packet but has received the line seizure information at least once, the DCE returns <MESG> <=>

<CALID_202>.

The DCE breaks up the presentation of the date and time into two separate <Tag><Value> pairs for

those data items where the date and time appear together.

Table 8-1. Caller ID Tags for Formatted Reporting

Tag

Description

DATE = MMDD where MM is the month number, 01 through 12, and DD is the day number, 01 through 31.

All numbers are in ASCII decimal. For numbers less than 10, a filling ASCII zero is used.

DATE

TIME = HHMM where HH is the hour number, 00 through 23, and MM is the minute number, 00 through 59.

All numbers are in ASCII decimal format. For numbers less than 10, a filling ASCII zero is used.

TIME

NMBR = <number> or P or O (ASCII 4Fh) where <number> is the telephone number of the caller, where P

indicates that the calling number information is not available since the originating caller has requested pri-

vate service, and where O indicates that the calling number information is not available since the out of area

code or the service is unavailable.

NMBR

NAME

MESG

NAME = <listing name> where <listing name> is the subscription listing name.

MESG = <data tag> <length of message> <data> <checksum> in printable ASCII (to avoid possible prob-

lems with binary output numbers).

If a data tag is unrecognizable, the DCE presents the given data item’s information using the

MESG tag. The DCE follows the conventions of the unformatted reporting form (defined below)

where applicable for the given data item only.

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Example 1: The following example of formatted form report (AT+VCID=1) illustrates the case

when the DCE does not recognize the tag of one given data item from a packet of data items (data

or fax command mode).

RING

DATE = 0321

TIME = 1405

NMBR = 5045551234

NAME = DOE JOHN

MESG = 060342424231

RING

Example 2: The following example illustrates the unsolicited response (AT+VCID=1) form of

voice mode (voice, command, playback, and record modes).

<DLE> R

<DLE> X

DATE = 0321

TIME = 1405

NMBR = 5045551234

NAME = DOE JOHN

MESG = 060342424231

<DLE> .

<DLE> R

Example 3: The following example of formatted form reporting illustrates the case when the DCE

does not recognize the tag of the packet (data or fax command mode).

RING

MESG = 060342424231

RING

For unformatted form reporting (AT+VCID=2), the DCE presents all information contained in the

Caller ID packet as ASCII hex in printable characters. This information includes all message type

information, message length, data and checksum.

Example 4: The following example illustrates unformatted form reporting (data or fax command

mode).

RING

MESG = 04123033323131334303539313435353132333435

RING

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9. MANUFACTURING-ONLY COMMANDS

The following commands are provided for manufacturing and testing purposes only. These

commands should not be included in end-user literature.

Caution: Serious damage to the controller may occur if these commands are implemented incorrectly.

The test commands AT+FTTn and AT+FRTn allow the modem manufacturer to test the fax

transmit and receive modes during manufacturing testing.

The MD566X chipsets include three commands (#VGPO=n, AT#VGP1=n, and AT#VGP2=n)

that may be used by modem manufacturers to provide additional or unique features. These

commands should not be used by general-purpose software packages.

Table 9-1. Manufacturing-Only Command Descriptions

Command

Default

Description

Country Select: This command is for international use. It sets the country-specific

parameters, including S-register settings. The command checks whether an entered

country code matches one of the codes stored in EPROM. If so, the entered code is

stored in NVRAM. This code is loaded from NVRAM upon power-up or soft reset.

The default value is used if no NVRAM is installed or if the NVRAM failed the self-

test during reset.

In the case of virgin NVRAM, the country code is not initialized, and the country code

‘0’ will be loaded as a default. This may cause an anomaly such as dial tone detec-

tion. The AT*NCn;&W (n=0 to 9) command is required to avoid this anomaly from

power-up. The commands AT&F and ATZ do not change the country code after the

country is selected by the AT*NCn;&W command. The command ATI6 shows the

specific country where that modem operates. The command AT*NCn followed by

AT&W has the same effect as the AT*NCn;&W command.

n = 0*

n = 1

n = 2

n = 3

n = 4

n = 5

n = 6

n = 7

n = 8

n = 9

n = 10

n = 11

n = 12

United States

Japan

*NCnn

United Kingdom

Germany

Sweden

Denmark

Finland

Norway

Austria

CTR21

Russia

Australia

Malaysia

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Table 9-1. Manufacturing-Only Command Descriptions (Continued)

Set Plug-and-Play Board Serial Number: This command sets the serial number

for the plug-and-play board using four fields (or bytes) of eight bits each.

m = Byte 3, Byte 2, Byte 1, Byte 0

Byte = 0–255

!P=m

none

m = (0–255), (0–255), (0–255), (0–255)

For example:

!P = 250, 0, 125, 1

Data Transmit Level: This S-register sets the modem’s transmit level for the data

mode. This value is stored in the NVRAM but is not displayed by the &Vn command.

The reset commands &F and Zn have no effect on S91.

Since the function of S91 relates to modem hardware, this command should only be

used by the modem manufacturer and never used by a software developer or end

user.

S91

In some countries, the end user is not allowed to change the transmit level. In these

countries, the country PTT checks to make sure that the end user can not change

the transmit level.

Range: 0 to 15 (-15 dBm)

Default: 10* (-10 dBm)

Fax Transmit Level: This S-register sets the modem’s transmit level for the fax

mode. This value is stored in the NVRAM but is not displayed by the &V command.

The reset commands &F and Zn have no effect on S92.

Since the function of S92 relates to modem hardware, this command should only be

used by the modem manufacturer and never used by a software developer or end

user.

S92

In some countries, the end user is not allowed to change the transmit level. In these

countries, the country PTT checks to make sure that the end user can not change

the transmit level.

Range: 0 to 15 (-15 dBm)

Default: 10* (-10 dBm)

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Table 9-1. Manufacturing-Only Command Descriptions (Continued)

Tone Test Command: This command outputs the corresponding tones for testing

DTMF, ALB and FAX.

Tone Test:

n = 00

n = 01

n = 02

n = 03

n = 04

n = 05

n = 06

n = 07

n = 08

n = 09

DTMF digit 0 {941, 1336}

DTMF digit 1 {697, 1209}

DTMF digit 2 {697, 1336}

DTMF digit 3 {697, 1477}

DTMF digit 4 {770, 1209}

DTMF digit 5 {770, 1336}

DTMF digit 6 {770, 1477}

DTMF digit 7 {852, 1209}

DTMF digit 8 {852, 1336}

DTMF digit 9 {852, 1477}

n = 0A

n = 0B

n = 0C

n = 0D

n = 0E

n = 0F

n = 10

n = 11

n = 12

n = 13

DTMF digit * {941, 1209}

DTMF digit # {941, 1477}

DTMF digit A {697, 1633}

DTMF digit B {770, 1633}

DTMF digit C {852, 1633}

DTMF digit D {941, 1633}

V.21 chn 1 mark (orig), 980 Hz

V.21 chn 2 mark, 1650 Hz

V.23 backward chnl mark, 390 Hz

V.23 forward chnl mark, 1300 Hz

$TTnn

n = 19

n = 1A

n = 1B

n = 1C

n = 30

n = 31

n = 32

n = 33

n = 34

n = 35

n = 36

V.21 channel 1 space, 1180 Hz

V.21 channel 2 space, 1850 Hz

V.23 backward channel space, 450 Hz

V.23 forward channel space, 2100 Hz

silence

V.25 Answer Tone, 2100 Hz

Guard Tone (Data/Fax answer mode), 1800 Hz

V.25 Calling Tone, 1300 Hz

FAX Calling Tone, 1100 Hz

Data Answer Tone (Bell mode), 2225 Hz

Guard Tone (Data/FAX answer mode), 550 Hz

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Table 9-1. Manufacturing-Only Command Descriptions (Continued)

Tone Test Command, Continued:

Analog Loopback (ALB) Test:

n = 15

n = 16

n = 17

n = 18

n = 20

n = 21

n = 60

n = 61

n = 62

n = 63

n = 64

n = 65

n = 66

n = 67

n = 68

n = 69

n = 6a

n = 6b

n = 6c

n = 6d

V.22 ALB, originate

V.22 bis ALB, originate

V.22 ALB, answer

V.22 bis ALB, answer

V.32 ALB, 9600, originate

V.32 bis ALB, answer

V.34 ALB, 2400bps

V.34 ALB, 4800bps

V.34 ALB, 7200bps

V.34 ALB, 9600bps

V.34 ALB, 12000bps

V.34 ALB, 14400bps

V.34 ALB, 16800bps

V.34 ALB, 19200bps

V.34 ALB, 21600bps

V.34 ALB, 24000bps

V.34 ALB, 26400bps

V.34 ALB, 28800bps

V.34 ALB, 31200bps

V.34 ALB, 33600bps

$TTnn

FAX Test:

n = 40

n = 41

n = 42

n = 43

n = 44

n = 45

n = 46

n = 47

n = 48

n = 49

n = 4a

n = 4b

n = 4c

FAX configure V.27, 300bps

FAX configure V.27, 2400bps

FAX configure V.27, 4800bps

FAX configure V.29, 7200bps

FAX configure V.29, 9600bps

FAX configure V.17, 7200bps long train

FAX configure V.17, 7200bps short train

FAX configure V.17, 9600bps long train

FAX configure V.17, 9600bps short train

FAX configure V.17, 12000bps long train

FAX configure V.17, 12000bps short train

FAX configure V.17, 14400bps long train

FAX configure V.17, 14400bps short train

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Table 9-1. Manufacturing-Only Command Descriptions (Continued)

Read/Write General-Purpose Pins: These commands allow the DTE to set the mo-

dem signal level at the general-purpose input-output pins (GPIO0-GPIO23) to V_CC

or ground. The AT#VGP0–2? commands allow the DTE to readthe signals applied

at these pins.

Command

Bit

Pins

#VGP0

Read/write general-purpose pin 0

Read/write general-purpose pin 1

Read/write general-purpose pin 2

Read/write general-purpose pin 3

Read/write general-purpose pin 4

Read/write general-purpose pin 5

Read/write general-purpose pin 6

Read/write general-purpose pin 7

#VGP1

Read/write general-purpose pin 8

Read/write general-purpose pin 9

Read/write general-purpose pin 10

Read/write general-purpose pin 11

Read/write general-purpose pin 12

Read/write general-purpose pin 13

Read/write general-purpose pin 14

Read/write general-purpose pin 15

#VGP0=n

#VGP1=n

#VGP2=n

See Note 1

#VGP2

Read/write general-purpose pin 16

Read/write general-purpose pin 17

Read/write general-purpose pin 18

Read/write general-purpose pin 19

Read/write general-purpose pin 20

Read/write general-purpose pin 21

Read/write general-purpose pin 22

Read/write general-purpose pin 23

NOTES:

1) Default values for #VGP0–#VGP2 are dependent on board design.

2) These commands should not be used in general-purpose application software.

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10. PARALLEL HOST INTERFACE 16C450/16C550A

UART

The parallel host interface of the MD566X family emulate the electrical and register functions of a

16550A and 16C450 UART. Upon modem reset, the modem defaults to a 16C450. The host (DTE)

can then configure the UART to function as a 16C550A UART.

In 16C450 emulation mode, the DTE and modem transfer data back and forth a byte at a time. In

16C550A emulation mode, the modem provides two 16-byte FIFO buffers, one for the transmitter

and another for the receiver. Thus, up to 16 bytes of data may be sent to or received from the

modem for each data interrupt, instead of only a single byte, as in 16C450 mode. The following

diagram shows how the FIFO is used. Host software using this FIFO capability can significantly

reduce system overhead by reducing the number of times that interrupt service routines are called.

UART

Transmitter

Holding

(THR)

Modem

Host

Transmitter

Shift

Modem Transmitter FIFO

(DTE)

UART Transmitter Flow Diagram

UART

Receiver

Buffer

(RBR)

Modem

Receiver

Shift

Host

Modem Receiver FIFO

(DTE)

UART Receiver Flow Diagram

Figure 10-1. FIFO Buffers for Transmitter and Receiver

The register addresses are divided into two types: single-register access and multiple-register

access. Most of the UART registers are single-register access (that is, only one internal register is

accessible for a given register address). UART register addresses 3–7 are used to access a single

internal register. The remainder of the UART register addresses (0–2) are used to access two or

more internal registers.

and to read the IIR (Interrupt Identity register).

DLAB = 0] and the MS DLM (Divisor Latch register) [when DLAB = 1].

write data to the THR (Transmitter Holding register) [when DLAB = 0], and read and write to the

LS DLL (Divisor Latch register) [when DLAB = 1]. The UART registers and FIFO usage are

described in the following sections.

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Table 10-1. Parallel Host Interface UART Register Bit Assignments

BIT NUMBER

NAME

ADDRESS

Scratch

(SCR)

Scratch register (SCR)

Delta

Data

Carrier

Detect

(DDCDD)

Trailing

Edge of

Ring

Indicator

(TERI)

Delta

Data

Set

Ready

(DDSR)

Delta

Clear

Send

(DCTS)

Modem

Status

(MSR)

Clear

Send

(CTS)

Data

Carrier

Detect

(DCD)

Data

Set

Ready

Ring

Indicator

(RI)

(DSR)

Transmitter

Holding

Empty

Error in

RCVR

FIFO

Line

Status

(LSR)

Transmitter

Empty

(TEMT)

Data

Ready

(DR)

Break

Interrupt

(BI)

Framing

Error

(FE)

Parity

Error

(PE)

Overrun

Error

(OE)

(Note 1)

(THRE)

Modem

Control

(MCR)

Request

Send

(RTS)

Data

Terminal

Ready

(DTR)

Loop

Out 1

Out 2

Divisor

Latch

Access

bit

Word

Length

Select

bit 1

Word

Length

Select

bit 0

Number

Stop bits

Line

Even

Parity

Select

(EPS)

Parity

Enable

(PEN)

Stick

Parity

(SPAR)

Set

Break

(SBRK)

Control

(LCR)

(STB)

(DLAB)

(WLS1)

(WLS0)

FIFO

Control

[write only]

(FCR)

XMIT

FIFO

Reset

RCVR

FIFO

Reset

RCVR

Trigger

(MSB)

RCVR

Trigger

(LSB)

FIFO

Enable

(FIFOE)

Reserved

(XFIFOR)

(RFIFOR)

Interrupt

Identity

FIFOs

Enabled

(Note 1)

FIFOs

Enabled

(Note 1)

Interrupt

bit 2

‘0’ if

Interrupt

pending

Interrupt

bit 1

Interrupt

bit 0

[read only]

(IIR)

(Note 1)

Transmitter

Holding Reg.

Empty

Int. Enable

(THREIE)

Receiver

Line Status

Interrupt

Enable

Modem

Status

Interrupt

Enable

(MSIE)

Received

Data

Available

Int. Enable

(RDAIE)

Interrupt

Enable

(IER)

DLAB=0

(RLSIE)

Transmit

Holding

Transmit Holding register (THR) [Write only]

Receiver Buffer register (RBR) [Read only]

[write only]

(THR)

DLAB=0

Receiver

Buffer

[read only]

(RBR)

DLAB=0

Divisor

Latch

(MS)

MS Divisor Latch (DLM)

LS Divisor Latch (DLL)

DLAB=1

(DLM)

Divisor

Latch

(LS)

DLAB=1

(DLL)

Note: These bits are always ‘0’ in 16C450 mode.

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10.1 UART Register Definitions

10.1.1 Scratch Register (SCR)

SCR

This is an 8-bit read/write register used by the DTE for temporary storage of data.

10.1.2 Modem Status Register (MSR)

DCD

DSR

CTS

DDCDD

TERI

DDSR

DCTS

This register provides four bits (bits 7:4) that show current modem state and four bits (bits 3:0) that provide modem change

information. Bits 3:0 are set to ‘1’ whenever the control information changes state. These bits are reset to “0” whenever the DTE

reads the MSR register. If the modem status interrupt is enabled (IER3), the modem generates an interrupt on the µP HINT pin

whenever MSR bits 3:0 are set to ‘1’.

Data Carrier Detect (DCD)–When this bit is set to “1”, it indicates that the remote modem data carrier has

been detected (refer to the &C command).

Bit 7

Ring Indicate (RI)–This bit indicates when a ring signal has been detected.

Bit 6

Data Set Ready (DSR)–This bit indicates when the modem is ready to establish a communication link.

When entering voice mode, DSR is set to “1”. DSR is used for voice playback/record DMA mode to indicate

when the DTE has not responded to a modem DMA data transfer request. DSR is set to “1” when DMA data

are being transferred; DSR is set to “0” when a new DMA transfer has not occurred with 1.7 ms after the pre-

vious DMA transfer. DSR works similarly to a DMA terminal count.

Bit 5

Clear To Send (CTS)–When this bit is set to “1”, it indicates to the DTE that the modem is ready to receive

Bit 4

Bit 3

Bit 2

Bit 1

Bit 0

data.

Delta Data Carrier Detect (DDCDD)–When this bit is set to “1”, it indicates that the DCD bit has changed its

value since the DTE last read the MSR register.

Trailing Edge of Ring Indicator (TERI)–This bit is set to “1” after the RI signal goes from a high to low

state.

Delta Data Set Ready (DDSR)–When this bit is set to “1”, it indicates that the DSR bit has changed its value

since the DTE last read the MSR register.

Delta Clear to Send (DCTS)–When this bit is set to “1”, it indicates that the CTS bit has changed its value

since the DTE last read the MSR register.

10.1.3 Line Status Register (LSR)

RCVR Err

TEMT

THRE

This read-only register provides UART status information to the host. Bits 4:1 report error conditions. These bits are reset to “0”

any time the host reads this register. An interrupt is generated to the host whenever any one of the bits (4:1) is set to “1” and the

RLSIE (receiver line status interrupt) has been enabled. Bits 0, 5, and 6 provide status information for sending and receiving data

through the THR (Transmit Holding register) and the RBR (Receiver Buffer register). Bits 0, 5, 6 are reset to ‘1’ only when the

host performs a specified action.

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In FIFO mode, the modem keeps track of the character in which an error has occurred and does not report the error to the DTE

until the associated character gets to the top of the stack.

Note: In FIFO mode, the DTE must write a data byte in the RX FIFO by the loopback mode to write to LSR2–LSR4. LSR0 and LSR7

cannot be written to in FIFO mode.

Error in RCVR FIFO–In 16C450 emulation mode, this bit is always a “0”.

In FIFO mode, this bit is set to “1” by the DCE whenever at least one parity error, framing error, or break indi-

cation has occurred in the RCVR FIFO. This bit is cleared when the DTE reads the LSR register and there

Bit 7

are no subsequent FIFO errors.

TEMT (Transmitter Empty)–This bit is set to “1” by the DCE whenever the THR (Transmit Holding register)

and transmitter shift register are empty. This bit is automatically reset to “0” by the DCE whenever the host

writes a byte to the THR.

Bit 6

In FIFO mode, this bit is set to “1” whenever the transmitter FIFO and shift register are both empty.

THRE (Transmitter Holding Register Empty)–This bit is set to “1” whenever the THR (Transmit Holding

THREIE (Transmitter Holding Register Empty Interrupt Enable) is set to “1”, the modem causes an interrupt

to the host whenever THRE goes to “1”.

Bit 5

In FIFO mode, this bit is set to ‘1’ whenever the XMIT FIFO is empty. This bit is then reset to ‘0’ when at least

one byte is written to the XMIT FIFO.

BI (Break Interrupt)–This bit is set to “1” whenever the received data are spaces (logic 0) for at least 2M +

3 bits (M = start bit + # of data character bits + parity bit + # of stop bits). This bit is reset to ‘0’ whenever the

host reads the LSR register. The modem waits for the valid start bit, before again transferring data to the

FIFO.

Bit 4

When a break occurs in FIFO mode, a single null character is placed in the RVCR FIFO. The BI bit is then

set when the zero character gets to the top of the FIFO stack.

FE (Framing Error)–This bit is set to “1” whenever a valid stop bit (logic 1) has not been detected after the

last data bit or parity bit. This bit is reset to “0” whenever the host reads the LSR register. The UART tries to

resynchronize after a framing error.

In FIFO mode, the modem FE bit is set to “1” whenever the associated framing error character has reached

the top of the stack.

Bit 3

Bit 2

PE (Parity Error)–This bit is set to “1” whenever the received data character does not have the correct even

or odd parity, as selected by the EPS (even parity select) bit [LCR4] and the stick parity bit [LCR 5]. This bit

is reset to “0” whenever the host reads the LSR register.

In FIFO mode, the modem PE bit is set to “1” whenever the associated framing error character has reached

the top of the stack.

Bit 1

Bit 0

OE (Overrun Error)–Not supported.

Data Ready–This bit is set to “1” whenever the modem writes a new received data character into the RBR

(Receiver Buffer register) or FIFO. This bit is reset to “0” whenever the DTE reads the RBR or FIFO.

10.1.4 Modem Control Register (MCR)

Loop

Out 2

Out 1

RTS

DTR

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This register controls the DTE-DCE UART interface.

Not used–These bits are permanently set to “0”.

Bit 7:5

Loop Bit–When set to “1”, this bit configures the UART for loopback diagnostic testing. In diagnostic mode,

any data that is written to the THR (Transmit Holding register) is looped back to the RBR (Receiver Buffer

Bit 4

After writing a data byte to the THR register in loopback mode, the DTE must read the RBR register before

writing a new data byte to the THR.

Unlike a real 16C450 UART, the modem signals OUT1*, OUT2*, RTS*, and DTR* are not looped back to the

MSR register.

Out 2–This bit, when set to “1” by the DTE, enables the HINT output pin. When set to “0”, this bit causes the

Bit 3

Bit 2

Bit 1

HINT pin to be in a high-impedance state.

Out 1–This read/write bit is not used for any specific functions.

RTS (Request to Send)–This bit when set to “1”, indicates that the DTE is ready to send data to the

modem.

DTR (Data Terminal Ready)–When set to “1”, this bit indicates that the DTE is read to establish a communi-

cation link.

Bit 0

10.1.5 Line Control Register (LCR)

DLAB SBRK

SPAR

EPS

PEN

STB

WLS1

WLS0

This register specifies the asynchronous data communication exchange format. The modem supports up to 10-bit data characters

(1 start bit + # of data character bits + parity + # of stop bits).

Divisor Latch Access Bit (DLAB) – This bit must be set to “1” to access the divisor latches of the baud rate

generator during a read or write operation. The UART registers 1 and 0 are used for the divisor latches. This

bit must be set to “0” to access the Receiver Buffer register (RBR), the THR (Transmitter Holding register) or

Bit 7

the IER (Interrupt Enable register).

SBRK (Set Break)–This bit is used to send a long-space disconnect message to the remote modem.

The procedure is as follows:

1)After the THRE bit has been set to “1” by the DCE and before setting the SBRK bit, the DTE needs to write

a NULL ($00h) character to the THR.

2)The DTE then sets the SBRK bit after the next time the THRE bit is set by the DCE (a long space is now

being transmitted).

Bit 6

3)To return to normal transmission mode, wait for the TEMT to be equal to “1”, then reset the SBRK bit.

SPAR (Stick Parity)–When this bit is set to “1”, stick parity is enabled. When configured for stick parity

(SPAR = 1), even parity (EPS = 1) with parity enable (PEN = 1), then the parity bit is transmitted and

checked as a logic “0”. When configured for stick parity (SPAR = 1), odd parity (EPS = 0) and parity enable

(PEN = 1) are set to “1”, then the parity bit is transmitted and checked as a logic “1”.

Bit 5

Bit 4

Bit 3

EPS (Even Parity Select)–When even parity select (LCR4) and parity enable (LCR3) are set to “1”, an even

number of logic 1’s are transmitted or checked. When even parity select (LCR4) is a ‘0’ and parity enable

(LCR3) is a “1”, an odd number of logic 1’s are transmitted or checked.

PEN (Parity Enable)–When this bit is set to “1”, a parity bit is generated (transmitted data) or checked

(receive data) between the last data character word bit and stop bit of the serial data.

NOTE: The parity bit is used to produce an even or odd number of 1’s when the data word bits and the parity

bits are summed.

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Number of Stop Bits (STB) – This bit specifies the number of stop bits transmitted and received in each

serial character. When STB is set to “0”, one stop bit is generated for each transmitted data character. When

STB is set to “1” and the word length (WLS1 and WLS0) is equal to 6, 7, or 8 bits, then two stop bits are gen-

erated for each transmitted data character. When STB is set to “1” and the word length (WLS1 and WLS0) is

equal to 5 bits, then one and a half stop bits are generated for each transmitted data character. The receiver

only checks for the first stop bit, regardless of the number of stops bits transmitted.

Bit 2

Word Length Select Bits (WLS1 and WLS0) – These two bits specify the data character word length of

the transmitted and received data. The supported word lengths are provided below.

Bit 1

Bit 0

Word Length

Bits 1:0

5 bits

6 bits

7 bits

8 bits

10.1.6 FIFO Control Register (FCR)

RCVR Trig. RCVR Trig. Reserved Reserved

DMA

XFIFOR

RFIFOR

FIFOE

(write-only)

This write-only register is used to enable the receiver and transmitter FIFOs, clear the FIFOs, set the RCVR FIFO trigger level, and

select the DMA signaling type.

MSB and LSB (RCVR Trigger Bits)–FCR bits 7 and 6 are used to set the trigger level for the RCVR FIFO

interrupt.

RCVR FIFO

Trigger Level (Bytes)

Bit 7

Bit 6

Bits 7:6

Bits 5:3

Bit 2

Reserved–Bits 5, 4, and 3 are reserved for future enhancements.

XFIFOR (XMIT FIFO Reset)–When set to “1”, this bit clears all the bytes in the XMIT FIFO and resets the

internal counter logic to “0”. The internal shift register is not cleared by the XFIFOR bit. This bit is automati-

cally cleared by the modem.

RFIFOR (RCVR FIFO Reset)–When set to “1”, this bit clears all the bytes in the RCVR FIFO and resets the

internal counter logic to “0”. The internal shift register is not cleared by the RFIFOR bit. This bit is automati-

cally cleared by the modem.

Bit 1

Bit 0

FIFOE (FIFO Enable)–This bit when set to “1”, enables both the XMIT and RCVR FIFOs. This bit must be a

“1” whenever writing to any other FIFO bit. If FIFO is not set to “1”, then the DTE can not program any of the

FIFO functions.

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10.1.7 Interrupt Identity Register (IIR)

FIFO EN FIFO EN

VDMA

Int. ID 2

Int. ID 1

Int. ID 0

Int. Pen.

(read-only)

This read-only register indicates when the transmitter and receiver FIFOs are enabled, and the source of highest-priority pending

interrupt to the DTE. Five levels of modem interrupt sources in order of priority are: receiver line status, received data ready,

character time-out indication, transmitter holding register empty, and modem status. When the DTE reads the IIR, the modem

freezes all interrupts and indicates the highest-priority pending interrupt. While the DTE is reading the IIR register, the modem

records new interrupts but does not change its current indication until the read process is completed.

Table 10-2. Interrupt Control Functions

FIFO

Mode

Only

Interrupt

Identification

Interrupt Source and Reset Functions

Bit 3

Bit 2

Bit 1

Bit 0

Priority

Level

Interrupt

Reset Control

Int.

Interrupt Type

Interrupt Source

ID 2

ID1

ID0

Pend.

–

None

–

Overrun Error, Parity

Error, Framing Error or

Break Interrupt

Receiver Line

Status

Reading the LSR (Line

Status register)

Highest

Reading the RBR

Received Data

Available

Receiver Data Available (Receiver Buffer register)

or Trigger Level Reached or the FIFO Drops below

the Trigger Level

Second

No characters have been

removed from or entered

into the RCVR FIFO dur-

ing the last four character

(Receiver Buffer register)

times, and there is at least

Character

Time-out

Indication

Reading the RBR

one character in it during

this time

Transmitter

Holding

Empty

Reading the IIR register (if

Transmitter Holding

the source of interrupt) or

writing into the Transmit-

ter Holding register

Third

Clear to Send,

Data Set Ready,

Ring Indicator, or Data

Carrier Detect

Reading the MSR

(Modem Status register)

Fourth

Modem Status

Bits 7:6

FIFOs Enable Bits–These two bits are set whenever FCR0 = 1.

Not used–This bit is permanently set to “0”.

Reserved

Bits 5

Bit 4

Interrupt ID Bit 2–In 16C450 mode, this bit is always a “0”.

In FIFO mode, both this bit and bit IIR2 are set whenever a time-out interrupt is pending.

Bit 3

Interrupt ID Bits ID0 and ID1–These two bits are used to identify the highest-priority interrupt as shown

in T a ble 10-2.

Bits 2:1

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Interrupt Pending–This bit indicates when a modem interrupt is pending. Whenever this bit is equal to

“0”, then one or more interrupts are pending. Whenever this bit is equal to “1”, then no interrupts are pend-

ing. When an interrupt has occurred, the host can determine the cause of the interrupt by looking at the

IIR interrupt ID bits 0 and 1 (and interrupt ID bit 2 for FIFO mode).

Bit 0

10.1.8 Interrupt Enable Register (IER)

MSIE

RLSIE

THREIE

RDAIE

(DLAB = 0)

This register is used to enable up to five types of UART interrupts: receiver line status, received data available, character time-out

indication (FIFO mode only), Transmitter Holding register empty, and modem status. Each enabled interrupt can individually

cause an interrupt to host on the µP HINT output pin. To cause an interrupt to the host (HINT), both the interrupt enable bit and

OUT2 (MCR2) must be set

to ‘1’.

Bits 7:4

Bit 3

Not used–These bits are permanently set to “0”.

MSIE (Modem Status Interrupt Enabled)–when set to “1”, this bit enables the modem status interrupt.

RLSIE (Receiver Line Status Interrupt Enabled)–when set to “1”, this bit enables the receiver line sta-

Bit 2

Bit 1

Bit 0

tus interrupt.

THREIE (Transmitter Holding Register Empty Interrupt Enabled)–when set to “1”, this bit enables

the Transmitter Holding register empty interrupt.

RDAIE (Received Data Available Interrupt Enabled)–when set to “1”Programmer’s Guide, this bit

enables the received data available interrupt.

10.1.9 Transmitter Holding Register (THR)

THR

(DLAB = 0)

The THR (Transmitter Holding register) is a write-only register used for sending data and AT commands to the modem.

10.1.10Receiver Buffer Register (RBR)

RBR

(DLAB = 0)

The RBR (Receiver Buffer register) is a read-only register used for receiving data and AT command responses from the modem.

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10.1.11Divisor Latch Registers (DLM and DLL)

DLM (MS)

(DLAB = 1)

DLL (LS)

The LS divisor latch (least-significant byte) and MS divisor latch (most-significant byte) are two read/write registers used to set

the modem data rate. The data rate is selected by loading each divisor latch with the appropriate hex value. The programmable

data rates are provided in the following table. For example, to use a data rate of 2400 bps, load a $00h into the DLM and a $30h

into the DLL.

Table 10-3. Programmable Data Rates

Data Rate

Divisor Number

Divisor Latch (Hex)

(Decimal)

300

384

1200

2400

4800

7200

9600

19200

38400

57600

10.2 16C550A UART FIFO Operation

The modem 16C550A UART FIFO works in both interrupt and polled operation. A description of each type of operation is

provided below.

10.2.1 FIFO Interrupt Mode Operation

Both the modem receiver and transmitter UART FIFOs can be set up for interrupt mode operation. The RCVR FIFO trigger level

and character time-out interrupts have the same priority as the current received data available interrupt. The XMIT FIFO empty

interrupt has the same priority as the Transmitter Holding register empty interrupt. Information pertaining to using the receiver and

transmitter FIFO interrupts is provided below.

1) When both the receiver FIFO and the receiver interrupts are enabled (FCR0 = 1, IER0 = 1), the UART initiates

RCVR interrupts under the following conditions:

a) The receive data available interrupt (IIR = 04) is issued to the DTE when the FIFO has reached its pro-

grammed trigger level; the interrupt clears as soon as the FIFO drops below the programmed trigger level

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b) The data ready bit, DR (LSR0), is set as soon as a character is transferred from the Internal Shift register to

the RCVR FIFO. DR is reset when the FIFO is empty.

2) When the RCVR FIFO and receiver interrupts are enabled, the UART initiates a RCVR FIFO time-out interrupt

under the following conditions:

a) A RCVR FIFO time-out occurs when:

— At least one character is in the FIFO.

— The most recent serial character

received was longer than four

continuous character times ago.

— The most recent DTE read of the

FIFO was longer than four continuous

character times ago.

b) When a time-out interrupt has occurred, then it is cleared and the timer is reset when the DTE reads one

character from the RCVR FIFO.

c) The time-out timer is reset after a new character is received or after the DTE reads the RCVR FIFO.

3) When the transmitter FIFO and the transmitter interrupt are enabled (FCR0 = 1, IER1 = 1), the UART initiates

XMIT interrupts under the following conditions:

a) The Transmitter Holding register interrupt (IIR = 02) occurs when the XMIT FIFO is empty; it is cleared as

soon as the transmitter holding register is written to or the IIR is read. During servicing, the 1–16 character

interrupt can be written to the XMIT FIFO.

10.2.2 FIFO Polled Mode Operation

Both the modem receiver and transmitter UART FIFOs can be set up for polled mode operation. The UART FIFO is set for polled

mode when FIFOE (FCR0) = 1 and the respective interrupt enable bit (IER) = 0.

In polling mode, the DTE checks the LSR for receiver and/or transmitter status. The LSR register provides the following

information:

• LSR7 indicates when any errors occur in the RCVR FIFO.

• TEMT indicates when both the XMIT FIFO and Shift registers are empty.

• The THRE bit (LSR5) is set to ‘1’ whenever the XMIT FIFO is empty.

• LSR1 through LSR4 specify when a break interrupt, framing error, parity error, or overrun error occurs.

• The DR bit (LSR0) is set to ‘1’ as long as there is at least one byte in the RCVR FIFO.

Unlike FIFO interrupt mode, FIFO polled mode does not support buffer trigger levels or time-out conditions

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