Furuno Radar Detector 1761 MARK 3 User Manual

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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS  
DANGER  
Stay away from transmitting antenna.  
The radar antenna emits microwave radiation which can be harmful to the  
human body, particularly the eyes. Never look directly into the antenna  
radiator from a distance of less than 1 m when the radar is in operation.  
Radio Frequency Radiation Hazard  
The radar antenna emits electromagnetic radio frequency (RF) energy which can be  
harmful, particularly to your eyes. Never look directly into the antenna aperture from a  
close distance while the radar is in operation or expose yourself to the transmitting  
antenna at a close distance.  
Distances at which RF radiation levels of 100 and 10 W/m2 exist are given in the table  
below.  
Note: If the antenna unit is installed at a close distance in front of the wheel house,  
your administration may require halt of transmission within a certain sector of antenna  
revolution. This is possible—Ask your FURUNO representative or dealer to provide  
this feature.  
Distance to  
100 W/m2  
point  
Distance to  
10 W/m2  
point  
Radiator  
type  
MODEL  
1761 MK-3  
XN10A  
0.2 m  
Worst case 3.0 m  
i
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DANGER  
Before turning on the radar  
make sure no one is near the  
scanner unit.  
WARNING  
Use the proper fuse.  
Fuse rating is shown in the chapter 5.  
Use of a wrong fuse can result in equipment  
damage  
Prevent the potential risk of  
someone begin struck by the  
rotating antenna and exposure  
to RF radiation hazard.  
Do not operate the equipment with wet  
hands.  
Electrical shock can result.  
WARNING  
CAUTION  
Do not open the equipment.  
Do not use the equipment for other than  
its intended purpose.  
Improper handling can result in electrical  
shock. Only qualified personnel shold  
work inside the equipment.  
Use of the equipment as a stepping stool,  
for example, can result in personal injury  
or equipment damage.  
Do not disassemble or modify the  
equipment.  
No one navigation device should ever be  
solely replied upon for the navigation of  
a vessel.  
Fire electrical shock or serious injury can  
result.  
Always confirm position against all available  
aids to navigation, for safety of vessel and  
crew.  
Turn off the power immediately if water  
leaks into the equipment or the equip-  
ment is emitting smoke or fire.  
Continued use of the equipment can  
cause fire or electrical shock.  
Two warning labels are attached to the display  
unit and scanner unit. Do not remove these labels.  
If labels are peeling off or are illegible, contact  
a FURUNO agent or dealer.  
Do not place liquid-filled containers on  
the top of the equipment.  
<Display Unit>  
WARNING  
To avoid electrical shock, do not  
remove cover. No user-serviceable  
parts inside.  
Name: Warning Label (1)  
Type: 86-003-1011-0  
Code no.: 100-236-230  
Fire or electrical shock can result if a liquid  
spills into the equipment.  
<Scanner Unit>  
Name: Radiation Warning  
Label  
Type: 03-142-3201-0  
Code no.: 100-266-890  
WARNING  
Radiation hazard. Only qualified  
personnel should work inside scanner.  
Confirm that TX has stopped before  
opening scanner.  
ii  
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FOREWORD  
Congratulations on your choice of the  
FURUNO MODEL 1761 MARK-3 Marine Ra-  
dar. We are confident you will see why the  
FURUNO name has become synonymous  
with quality and reliability.  
Features  
Your radar has a large variety of functions,  
all contained in a remarkably small cabinet.  
The main features of the MODEL 1761  
MARK-3 are:  
For over 50 years FURUNO Electric Com-  
pany has enjoyed an enviable reputation for  
innovative and dependable marine electron-  
ics equipment. This dedication to excellence  
is furthered by our extensive global network  
of agents and dealers.  
¡ Traditional FURUNO reliability and qual-  
ity in a compact, lightweight and low-cost  
radar.  
¡ Durable brushless antenna motor.  
¡ On-screen alphanumeric readout of all op-  
Your radar is designed and constructed to  
meet the rigorous demands of the marine en-  
vironment. However, no machine can per-  
form its intended function unless properly  
installed and maintained. Please carefully  
read and follow the recommended proce-  
dures for installation, operation and mainte-  
nance.  
erational information.  
¡ Standard features include EBL (Electronic  
Bearing Line), VRM (Variable Range  
Marker), Guard Alarm, Display Off Cen-  
ter, and Echo Trail.  
¡ Watchman feature periodically transmits  
the radar to check for radar targets which  
may be entering the alarm zone.  
While this unit can be installed by the pur-  
chaser, any purchaser who has doubts about  
his or her technical abilities may wish to have  
the unit installed by a FURUNO representa-  
tive or other qualified technician. The impor-  
tance of a through installation can not be  
overemphasized.  
¡ Ship’s position in latitude and longitude,  
range and bearing to a waypoint, and  
ship’s speed/heading/course can be  
shown in the bottom text area. (Requires  
a navigation aid which can output such  
data in IEC 61162 format.)  
We would appreciate hearing from you, the  
end-user, about whether we are achieving  
our purposes.  
¡ Zoom feature provided.  
Thank you for considering and purchasing  
FURUNO equipment.  
iii  
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TABLE OF CONTENTS  
2.21 Adjusting Control Panel Brilliance ......  
..................................................... 2-8  
FOREWORD .............................. iii  
MENU TREE ............................... v  
2.22 Selecting Ranges ......................... 2-9  
2.23 EBL/Cursor Bearing Reference ... 2-9  
2.24 Guard Alarm ................................. 2-9  
2.25 Watchman .................................. 2-10  
2.26 Plotting ........................................2-11  
2.27 Navigation Data Display..............2-11  
TABLE OF CONTENTS BY  
INDICATION, MARKER ............. vi  
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION..... vii  
3. FALSE ECHOES  
1. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION  
3.1 Multiple Echoes .............................. 3-1  
3.2 Side-lobe Echoes ........................... 3-1  
3.3 Indirect Echoes .............................. 3-2  
3.4 Blind and Shadow Sectors ............. 3-2  
1.1 What is Radar? .............................. 1-1  
1.2 How Ships Determined Position Before  
Radar ............................................. 1-1  
1.3 How Radar Determines Range ...... 1-1  
1.4 How Radar Determines Bearing .... 1-1  
3.5 SART (Search and Rescue  
Transponder) ................................. 3-3  
1.5 Radar Wave Speed and Antenna  
Rotation Speed .............................. 1-1  
4. MAINTENANCE & TROUBLE-  
SHOOTING  
1.6 The Radar Display ......................... 1-1  
4.1 Preventive Maintenance ................ 4-1  
4.2 Replacing the Fuse ........................ 4-1  
4.3 Troubleshooting.............................. 4-2  
4.4 Life Expectancy of Magnetron ....... 4-3  
2. OPERATION  
2.1 Control Description......................... 2-1  
2.2 Turning the Radar On/Off............... 2-2  
2.3 Transmitting.................................... 2-2  
2.4 Stand-by ......................................... 2-2  
2.5 Selecting the Range....................... 2-2  
2.6 Adjusting Picture Brilliance............. 2-2  
2.7 Adjusting Receiver Sensitivity ........ 2-2  
SPECIFICATIONS ................ SP-1  
INDEX .....................................IN-1  
2.8 Adjusting the A/C SEA Control  
(reducing sea clutter) ..................... 2-3  
2.9 Adjusting the A/C RAIN Control  
(reducing rain clutter)..................... 2-4  
2.10 Adjusting FTC............................... 2-4  
2.11 Turning the Radar Receiver ......... 2-4  
2.12 Erasing the Heading Marker ........ 2-4  
2.13 Select the Cursor Data Display .... 2-5  
2.14 Turning the Range Ring On/Off ... 2-5  
2.15 Measuring the Range................... 2-5  
2.16 Measuring the Bearing ................. 2-5  
2.17 Shifting and Zooming the Display ......  
..................................................... 2-6  
2.18 Menu Operation ........................... 2-7  
2.19 Echo Stretch................................. 2-8  
2.20 Suppressing Radar Interference .. 2-8  
iv  
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MENU TREE  
MENU KEY  
1. ECHO STRETCH (ON, OFF)  
2. I. REJECT (OFF, ON)  
3. PANEL DIMMER (0, 1, 2, 3, 4)  
4. PLOT INTVL (CONT, 30S, 1M, 3M, 6M)  
5. PLOT BRILL (LOW, @HIGH)  
6. RANGE (NM) set with (RING)  
(1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 48)  
7. WATCHMAN (OFF, 5M, 10M, 20M)  
8. NAV DATA (ON, OFF)  
9. EBL/+CURSOR (TRUE, REL)  
v
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TABLE OF CONTENTS BY  
INDICATION, MARKER  
Elapsed time (P.2-11)  
Plotting interval (P.2-11)  
Tuning indicator (P.2-11)  
Plotting (P.2-11)  
MAG (or GYRO) BEARING (option)  
Echo stretch (P.2-8)  
Guard alarm (P.3-4)  
Heading marker (P.2-4)  
¡
PLOT 3M  
MAG 115.0  
Range (P.2-2)  
FTC (P.2-4)  
18:25 ES  
12 NM  
Range ring interval (P.2-2)  
Shift (or Zoom) (P.2-6)  
3.0 NM  
SHIFT  
GUARD  
*
WATCHMAN  
FTC  
IR  
Interference rejector (P.2-8)  
EBL (P.2-6)  
Watchman (P.2-10)  
Guard zone (P.2-9)  
Cursor (P.2-5, 6)  
Range ring (P.2-3, 2-5)  
¡
EBL  
315.1 R  
VRM  
2.62 NM  
EBL1 bearing (P.2-6)  
¡
45.6 R  
9.05 NM  
Cursor data(P.2-5)  
Bearing /Range or  
Latitude/Longitude  
VRM range (P.2-5)  
vi  
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SYSTEM CONFIGURATION  
Scanner Unit  
XN10A-RSB-0070-065  
Navigation  
device  
IEC 61162* (In/Out)  
Display Unit  
External Alarm  
Buzzer OP03-21  
Gyro-  
compass  
Gyro Converter  
AD-100  
RDP-099  
Intergrated Heading  
Sensor PG-1000  
12 VDC: 10A  
24/32 VDC: 5A  
Rectifier  
RU-3423  
*Equivalent to NMEA 0183  
Option  
12/24/32 VDC  
115/230 VAC  
vii  
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1. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION  
1.1 What is Radar?  
1.4 How Radar Determines  
Bearing  
The term “RADAR” is an acronym meaning  
RAdio Detection And Ranging. Although the  
basic principles of radar were developed dur-  
ing World War II, echoes as an aid to naviga-  
tion is not a new development.  
The bearing to a target found by the radar is  
determined by the direction in which the ra-  
dar scanner antenna is pointing when it emits  
an electronic pulse and then receives a re-  
turning echo. Each time the scanner rotates  
pulses are transmitted in the full 360 degree  
circle, each pulse at a slightly different bear-  
ing from the previous one. Therefore, if one  
knows the direction in which the signal is sent  
out, one knows the direction from which the  
echo must return.  
1.2 How Ships Determined  
Position Before Radar  
Before the invention of radar, when running  
in fog near a rugged shoreline, ships would  
sound a short blast on their whistles, fire a  
shot, or strike a bell. The time between the  
origination of the sound and the returning of  
the echo indicated how far the ship was from  
the cliffs or the shore. The direction from  
which the echo was heard indicated the rela-  
tive bearing of the shore.  
1.5 Radar Wave Speed and  
Scanner Rotation Speed  
Note that the speed of the radar waves out  
to the target and back again as echoes is  
extremely fast compared to the speed of ro-  
tation of the scanner. By the time radar ech-  
oes have returned to the scanner, the amount  
of scanner rotation after initial transmission  
of the radar pulse is extremely small.  
1.3 How Radar Determines  
Range  
Radar determines the distance to the target  
by calculating the time difference between the  
transmission of a radar signal and the recep-  
tion of the reflected echo. It is a known fact  
that radar waves travel at a nearly constant  
speed of 162,000 nautical miles per second.  
Therefore the time required for a transmitted  
signal to travel to the target and return as an  
echo to the source is a measure of the dis-  
tance to the target. Note that the echo makes  
a complete round trip, but only half the time  
of travel is needed to determine the one-way  
distance to the target. This radar automati-  
cally takes this into account in making the  
range calculation.  
1.6 The Radar Display  
The range and bearing of a target is displayed  
on what is called a Plan Position Indicator  
(PPI). This display is essentially a polar dia-  
gram, with the transmitting ship’s position at  
the center. Images of target echoes are re-  
ceived and displayed at their relative bear-  
ings, and at their distance from the PPI center.  
With a continuous display of the images of  
targets, the motion of the transmitting ship is  
also displayed.  
1-1  
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Heading marker  
Targets  
Range and bearing  
of a target, relative  
to own ship, are  
readable on the PPI.  
A
D
A
D
B
B
C
C
Own ship  
in center  
Own ship  
(radar)  
(A) Bird's eye view of situation  
(B) Radar picture of (A)  
Figure 1-1 How radar works  
1-2  
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2. OPERATION  
2.1 Control Description  
(Control) Adjusts sensitivity of radar  
receiver.  
(Switch) 1. Temporarily erases heading  
marker.  
Turns power on.  
Press together with [STBY/TX] key  
to turn power off.  
GAIN  
Alternates between stand-by and  
transmit.  
POWER  
OFF  
2. Change + cursor data from  
R/B to L/L and vice versa.  
PUSH/HM OFF  
A/C SEA  
Lights (in green) to show the  
radar is in the "echonomy  
(stand-by)" mode.  
STBY  
T X  
(Control) Reduces sea clutter caused  
by waves.  
(Switch) Turns on/off the radar  
target plotting  
PUSH/PLOT  
A/C RAIN  
ECONOMY  
BRILL  
Adjusts the brightness of the screen.  
PUSH/FTC  
Selects radar range.  
(Control) Reduces rain clutters.  
(Switch) Suppresses heavy  
precipitation.  
The "+" and "-" touchpads select a  
higher and lower range, respectively.  
Selets items during the menu display.  
RANGE  
SHIFT  
ZOOM  
RING  
VRM  
Turns the fixed range rings on and off.  
Shifts the display; turns the zoom  
function on, and restores normal  
picture, in that order.  
EBL  
Turns the Variable Range Marker  
(VRM) on and off.  
GUARD  
MENU  
Turns the Electronic Bearing  
Line (EBL) on and off.  
Turns the menu display on and off.  
Turns on and off the guard zone alarm.  
Trackball  
(1) Shifts cursor, EBL and VRM.  
(2) Sets guard zone.  
(3) Selects items and options on  
menu.  
(4) Shifts origin of EBL and VRM.  
Figure 2-1 Control panel  
2-1  
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2.2 Turning the Radar On/Off  
2.5 Selecting the Range  
After confirming there are no crew near the  
scanner unit, press the [POWER] key to turn  
on the power.  
The range selected automatically determines  
the fixed range ring interval, the number of  
fixed range rings, pulselength, and pulse rep-  
etition rate, for optimal detection in short to  
long ranges. The range and ring interval ap-  
pear at the top left corner of the display.  
The front panel will light up. The magnetron  
takes about two minutes and thirty seconds  
to warm up before the radar can be oper-  
ated. The time remaining for warm up of the  
magnetron appears at the center of the dis-  
play, counting down from 2:29 to 0:01.  
Selecting the range  
Press the [- RANGE +] key. The range and  
range ring interval appear at the top left cor-  
ner on the display.  
To turn off the radar, press the [POWER] and  
[TX] key together.  
Tips for selecting the range  
2.3 Transmitting  
When navigating in or around crowded  
harbors, select a short range to watch for  
possible collision situation.  
After the power is turned on and the magne-  
tron has warmed up, the message “ST-BY”  
(Stand-By) appears at the center of the dis-  
play, showing the radar is ready to transmit.  
However, no targets will appear on the screen  
until the radar is transmitting by pressing the  
[TX] key (TX is short for “transmit). In stand-  
by the radar is available for use at anytime -  
but no radar waves are being transmit.  
If you select a lower range while on open  
water, increase the range occasionally to  
watch for vessels that may be heading  
your way.  
2.6 Adjusting Picture  
Brilliance  
2.4 Stand-by  
The [BRILL] key adjusts the brilliance of the  
radar picture in eight levels.  
When you won’t be using the radar for an  
extended period, but you want to keep it in a  
state of readiness, place it in stand-by by  
pressing the [TX] key. The display shows  
“STBY,” (default setting) or goes into the  
economy mode. (You can select stand-by  
condition on the menu. )  
Press the [BRILL] key to set the brilliance  
level.  
2.7 Adjusting Receiver  
Sensitivity  
Economy mode  
The [GAIN] control adjusts the sensitivity of  
the receiver. It works in precisely the same  
manner as the volume control of a broadcast  
receiver, amplifying the signals received.  
The CRT can be set to automatically turn it-  
self off when in stand-by, to reduce power  
consumption. This feature is called the  
“economy mode”. When the economy mode  
is on, the “ECONOMY” indication under the  
[TX] key lights.  
The proper setting is such that the back-  
ground noise is just visible on the screen. If  
you set up noise is just visible on the screen.  
If you set up for too little sensitivity, weak  
echoes may be missed. On the other hand  
excessive sensitivity yields too much back-  
ground noise; strong targets may be missed  
because of the poor contrast between desired  
2-2  
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echoes and the background noise on the dis-  
play.  
How the A/C SEA control works  
The [A/C SEA] control reduces the amplifi-  
cation of echoes at short ranges (where clut-  
ter is the greatest) and progressively  
increases amplification as the range in-  
creases, so amplification will be normal at  
those ranges where there is no sea clutter.  
To adjust receiver sensitivity, transmit on long  
range, and adjust the [GAIN] control so back-  
ground noise is just visible on the screen.  
Tips on adjusting GAIN  
In certain circumstances it may be useful  
to reduce the gain slightly to improve  
range resolution, clear up the picture, or  
reduce clutter caused by rain or snow.  
Adjusting the A/C SEA control  
The proper setting of the A/C SEA should be  
such that the clutter is broken up into small  
dots, and small targets become distinguish-  
able.  
Range resolution is a measure of the ca-  
pability of a radar to display as separate  
pips the echoes received from two targets  
which are on the same bearing, and are  
close together radially. With reduction in  
the gain setting, the echoes may be made  
to appear as separate pips on the display.  
If the control is set too low, targets will be  
hidden in the clutter, while if it is set too high,  
both sea clutter and targets will disappear  
from the display. In most cases adjust the  
control until clutter has disappeared to lee-  
ward, but a little is still visible windward.  
When sailing or cruising in crowded re-  
gions a slight reduction in gain often helps  
to clear up the picture. This should be  
done carefully, otherwise weak targets  
may be missed.  
1. Confirm that the sensitivity is properly ad-  
justed, and then transmit on short range.  
2. Adjust the [A/C SEA] control so small tar-  
gets are distinguishable but some clutter  
remains on the display.  
Echoes from ships inside a squall or storm  
may be obscured if the gain is at its nor-  
mal setting, since the clutter may have  
masked, but not completely, echoes from  
the targets.  
Note: In all cases, return the gain to its origi-  
nal position after any temporary reduction is  
no longer required.  
Sea clutter at  
display center  
A/C SEA control adjusted;  
sea clutter suppressed.  
2.8 Adjusting the A/C SEA  
Control  
Figure 2-2 How to adjust the A/C SEA  
control  
(reducing sea clutter)  
Tip for adjusting the A/C SEA  
Echoes from waves can be troublesome, cov-  
ering the central part of the display with ran-  
dom signals known as “sea clutter”. The  
higher the waves, and the higher the antenna  
above the water, the further the clutter will  
extend. Sea clutter appears on the display  
as many small echoes which might affect  
radar performance. (See the left-hand figure  
in Figure 2-2.) When sea clutter masks the  
picture, adjust theA/C SEA control to reduce  
the clutter.  
A common mistake is to over-adjust the cir-  
cuit so all the removed. As an example set  
up for maximum A/C SEA. You will see how  
the center of the display becomes dark. This  
dark zone can be dangerous (targets may  
be missed), especially if the sensitivity is not  
properly adjusted. Always leave a little clut-  
ter visible on the display to be sure weak  
echoes will not be suppressed. If there is no  
clutter visible on the display, turn off the cir-  
cuit.  
2-3  
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Note: In addition to reducing clutter, the FTC  
can be used in fine weather to clarify the pic-  
ture when navigating in confined waters.  
However, with the circuit activated the re-  
ceiver is less sensitive. Therefore, turn off the  
circuit when its function is not required.  
2.9 Adjusting the A/C RAIN  
Control  
(reducing rain clutter)  
The vertical beamwidth of the antenna is de-  
signed to see surface targets even when the  
ship is rolling. However, by this design the  
unit will also detect rain clutter (rain, snow,  
hail, etc.) in the same manner as normal tar-  
gets. Figure 2-3 shows the appearance of rain  
clutter on the display.  
2.11 Tuning the Radar Receiver  
The radar receiver is tuned automatically  
each time you turn on the power, thus there  
is no front panel control for adjustment of the  
receiver. To show the automatic tuning cir-  
cuit is working, a tuning bar displays tuning  
condition.  
Adjusting A/C RAIN  
When rain clutter masks echoes, adjust the  
[A/C RAIN] control. This control splits up  
these unwanted echoes into a speckled pat-  
tern, marking recognition of solid targets  
easier.  
2.12 Erasing the Heading  
Marker  
The heading marker may occasionally mask  
a target. To view the target, you can tempo-  
rarily erase the heading marker by pressing  
and holding down the [GAIN (HM OFF)] con-  
trol. Release the control to re-display the  
markers.  
Appearance of  
rain clutter  
A/C RAIN control adjusted;  
rain clutter suppressed.  
Figure 2-3 Effect of A/C RAIN  
Heading  
marker  
Note: In addition to reducing clutter, the [A/C  
RAIN] control can be used in fine weather to  
clarify the picture when navigating in confined  
waters. However, with the circuit activated the  
receiver is less sensitive. Therefore, turn off  
the circuit when its function is not required.  
Figure 2-4 Heading marker  
2.10 Adjusting FTC  
To suppress rain clutter from heavy storms  
or scattered rain clutter, press the [A/C RAIN]  
control ([FTC] switch). The FTC circuit splits  
up these unwanted echoes into a speckled  
pattern, marking recognition of solid targets  
easier. “FTC” appears at the top right-hand  
corner of the display when the circuit is turned  
on.  
2-4  
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Measuring by VRM  
2.13 Select the Cursor Data  
Display  
1. Press the [VRM] key to display a VRM.  
(The VRM is the dotted ring.)  
When connecting with NAV (IEC61162 for-  
mat) and gyro converter (IEC61162 or AD-  
10 format), this radar can show the cursor  
position by Latitude/longitude at bottom of  
screen.  
2. Place the VRM on the inside edge of the  
target by operating the trackball.  
3. Press the [VRM] key again to fix the VRM  
to the position.  
4. Check the range readout to find the range  
to the target. To erase the VRM, press  
and hold down the [VRM] key for about  
three seconds.  
Each time pressing [HM OFF] key, the data  
will change from Range/Bearing to Latitude/  
longitude and vice versa.  
When the cursor position is displayed by Lati-  
tude/Longitude, pressing the [HM OFF] key  
outputs L/L data of the cursor position (TLL)  
to the plotter. Then Range/Bearing are dis-  
played instead of L/L.  
Range  
6.0 NM  
Range ring  
interval  
2.0  
Target  
Cursor  
VRM  
2.14 Turning the Range Ring  
On/Off  
315.1°R  
4.0 NM  
When range rings obscures a target, you can  
erase them by pressing the [RING] key.  
VRM  
4.0 NM  
VRM  
range  
Cursor range  
Figure 2-5 Measuring Range by the Cursor  
and the VRM  
2.15 Measuring the Range  
You can measure the range to a target three  
ways: by the range rings, by the cursor, and  
by the VRM (Variable Range Marker).  
Unit of range measurement  
You can display the range readouts of the  
VRM and the cursor in nautical miles or kilo-  
meters. This is done at installation.  
Measuring range by range rings  
Count the number of rings between the cen-  
ter of the display and the target. Check the  
range ring interval and judge the distance of  
the echo from the inner edge of the nearest  
ring.  
2.16 Measuring the Bearing  
There are two ways to measure the bearing  
to a target: by the cursor, and by the EBL  
(Electronic Bearing Range).  
To turn the rings on or off, press the [RING]  
key.  
Measuring bearing by cursor  
Measuring range by cursor  
Operate the trackball to bisect the target with  
the cursor intersection. The bearing to the  
target appears at the bottom of the display.  
Operator the trackball to place the cursor in-  
tersection on the inside edge of the target  
echo. The range to the target, as well as the  
bearing, appears at the bottom of the display.  
Measuring by EBL  
1. Press the [EBL] key to display an EBL.  
(The EBL is the dotted line.)  
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2. Position the EBL so it bisects the target  
by operating the trackball.  
Bearings of stationary or slower moving  
targets are more accurate than bearings  
of faster moving targets.  
3. Press the [EBL] key again to fix the EBL  
to the position.  
To minimize bearing errors keep echoes  
in the outer half of the picture by chang-  
ing the range scale; angular difference  
becomes difficult to resolve as a target  
approaches the center of the display.  
4. Check the bearing readout to find the  
bearing of the target. To erase the EBL,  
press and hold down the [EBL] key for  
about three seconds.  
MAG (or GYRO) BEARING*  
2.17 Shifting and Zooming the  
Display  
MAG115.0°  
6.0 NM  
2.0  
Target  
Cursor  
EBL  
The [SHIFT/ZOOM] key has two functions:  
display shifting and display zoom. Each time  
the key is pressed the function changes in  
the following sequence.  
Normal  
Shift  
Zoom  
Cursor Bearing  
R: Relative Bearing  
T: True Bearing*  
EBL  
40.0° R  
41.5°R  
4.0 NM  
Figure 2-7 SHIFT/ZOOM key sequence  
EBL1 bearing  
R: Relative Bearing  
T: True Bearing*  
*: Heading sensor  
(or gyrocompass)  
connection required  
Shift  
The own ship’s position can be shifted to any  
position within the current range. The primary  
advantage of the shifted display is that for  
any range setting, the view ahead of your own  
ship can be extended without changing the  
range.  
Figure 2-6 Measuring Bearing by the EBL  
and Cursor  
The bearing measured by the cursor or the  
EBL can be displayed in relative or true bear-  
ings (heading sensor or gyrocompass con-  
nection required). Relative bearings are  
relative to the bow of the vessel, and true  
bearings are relative to the True North. The  
indication “MAG” (or GYRO”) and the head-  
ing sensor (or gyrocompass) bearing (your  
ship’s bearing) appear at the top of the  
screen.  
Place the cursor on area you wish to shift to  
the screen center and then press the [SHIFT/  
ZOOM] key. The indication “SHIFT” appears.  
To restore normal operation press the key  
twice.  
Note: If the cursor is not within the current  
range when the key is pressed, an audible  
beep sounds and the outermost range ring  
blinks twice , even if the range rings are  
off.  
Note that the bearing to the cursor always  
varies with trackball operation. The EBL and  
its indication, however, are automatically fixed  
when the [EBL] key is pressed or 10 seconds  
elapses without trackball operation.  
Zoom  
Tips on measuring bearing  
The zoom feature allows you to double the  
area between own ship and an arbitrary lo-  
cation, to take a closer look at an area of in-  
terest without changing the range.  
Bearing measurements of smaller targets  
pips are more accurate; the center of  
larger target pips is not as easily identi-  
fied.  
1. Operate the trackball to place the cursor  
on the target you want or area you want  
to zoom.  
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2. Press the [SHIFT/ZOOM] key. The indi-  
cation “ZOOM” appears and brinks.  
2.18 Menu Operation  
The menu, consisting of 9 items, mostly con-  
tains less-often used functions which once  
preset do not require regular adjustment. To  
open or close the menu, press the [MENU]  
key. You can select menus by using the  
trackball, then select item with the [RANGE]  
key.  
3. To turn off the zoom, press the [SHIFT/  
ZOOM] key again, or change the range.  
(Normal display)  
Place cursor  
where desired.  
Note: Current selections shown in reverse  
video.  
Cursor  
Press the  
[SHIFT/ZOOM] key.  
SEL MENU BY TRKBALL:  
MENU  
Press the  
[SHIFT/ZOOM] key.  
ITEMS WITH RANGE KEY  
SHIFT  
ZOOM  
OFF  
OFF  
¡ ECHO STRETCH  
ON  
ON  
0
2
3
4
5
6
I. REJECT  
Press the  
[SHIFT/ZOOM]  
key.  
1
2
3
4
PANEL DIMMER  
PLOT INTVL  
PLOT BRILL  
RANGE (NM)  
SET WITH  
CONT 30S 1M 3M 6M  
LOW  
HIGH  
1.5  
1/4 1/2 3/4  
1
2
3
4
6
8
12 16 24 36 48  
(RING)  
7
8
9
WATCHMAN  
NAV DATA  
OFF 5M 10M 20M  
Display magnifies.  
Display shifts.  
OFF  
REL  
ON  
EBL/+CURSOR  
TRUE  
Figure 2-8 Shifting and zooming the display  
Figure 2-9 MENU Display  
Table 2-1 Menu Description  
No.  
Menu  
Function  
Factory setting  
Activates and releases the echo stretch function, which stretches  
echoes lengthwise for better distance.  
1
ECHO STRETCH  
OFF  
INTERFERENCE  
REJECTION  
2
3
4
5
Reduces or eliminates radar interference.  
ON  
3
PANEL DIMMER  
PLOT INTERVAL  
PLOT BRILLIANCE  
Adjusts the backlighting of the front panel in five steps.  
Changes the plotting interval in five steps; 30sec., 1min., 3min., 6min.  
and continuous.  
CONT  
LOW  
Adjusts the brightness of the plotted echoes.  
1/4  
1/2  
1
2
4
Presets the ranges you want to use. The preset ranges are in reverse  
video.  
1.  
With the [RANGE] key, place the underline under the range you  
want to select or deselect.  
6
7
RANGE  
Press the [RING] key to select or deselect. Maximum number of  
ranges is all ranges.  
Minimum number of range is two.  
8
16  
48  
2.  
Turns on and selects the watchman interval.  
1. Select interval (5min., 10min. or 20min.) with the [RANGE] key.  
2. Press the [MENU] key to activate the watchman mode. The  
"ECONOMY" indication lights after the radar transmits for about 30  
seconds.  
WATCHMAN  
OFF  
8
9
NAV DATA  
Turns the navigation data display (navigation input required) on and off.  
OFF  
REL  
Selects the bearing measured by the EBL or cursor in true (magnetic  
compass or gyrocompass connection required) or relative bearing.  
"TRUE": relative to the True North  
EBL/+CURSOR BEARING  
"REL": relative to the bow of the vessel  
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2.19 Echo Stretch  
Normally, the reflected echoes from long dis-  
tance targets appear on the screen as weaker  
and smaller blips even through they are com-  
pensated by the radar’s internal circuitry. The  
Echo Stretch function magnifies these small  
blips.  
1. Press the [MENU] key to open the menu.  
2. Operate the trackball to select “1. ECHO  
STRETCH”.  
Figure 2-10 Radar interference  
3. Press the [RANGE] key to select “ON”.  
1. Press the [MENU] key to open the menu.  
The indication “ES” appears at the upper  
right-hand side of the screen and the echoes  
are doubled lengthwise.  
2. Operate the trackball to select “2. I. RE-  
JECT”.  
3. Press the [RANGE] key to select “ON”.  
(Factory setting is ON.)  
To turn off the echo stretch, select “OFF” on  
the MENU display.  
The indication “IR” appears at the upper right-  
hand side of the screen. Press the [MENU]  
key again to erase the menu display.  
Note 1: This function magnifies not only tar-  
gets but also sea clutter and radar interfer-  
ence are properly adjusted before activating  
the echo stretch.  
2.21 Adjusting Control Panel  
Brilliance  
Note 2: This function is inactivate on short  
ranges, that is 0.25 to 1 nautical miles. “ES”  
appears in reverse video when the echo  
stretch is turned on in those ranges.  
Adjusts the backlighting of the front panel in  
five steps.  
1. Press the [MENU] key to open the menu.  
2. Operate the trackball to select “3. PANEL  
DIMMER”.  
2.20 Suppressing Radar  
Interference  
3. Press the [RANGE] key to select level de-  
sired.  
Radar interference may occur when near an-  
other shipborne radar operating in the same  
frequency band as your radar. Its on-screen  
appearance is many bright dots either scat-  
tered at random or in the form of dotted lines  
extending from the center (or the edge) to  
the edge (or the center) of the display. Fig-  
ure 2-11 illustrates interference in the form  
of curved spokes, Interference effects are  
distinguishable from normal echoes because  
they do not appear in the same place on suc-  
cessive rotations of the scanner.  
4. Press the [MENU] key again to erase the  
menu.  
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Before setting the alarm, be sure the [GAIN]  
control is properly adjusted, because the au-  
dible alarm sounds when the fifth or more  
level quantization echoes go into or go out of  
the guard zone.  
2.22 Selecting Ranges  
This radar has 14 ranges, some which you  
may not require. You can select or deselect  
ranges as follows.  
1. Mentally create the guard zone you want  
to display on-screen. See Figure 2-12.  
1. Press the [MENU] key to open the menu.  
2. Operate the trackball to select “6.  
RANGE”.  
2. Set upper (lower) left edge of the guard  
zone with the cursor, and press the  
[GUARD] key.  
3. Press the [RANGE] key to place the un-  
derline under the range you want to se-  
lect or deselect.  
The indication “*GUARD” (asterisk blink-  
ing) appears at the upper right-hand side  
of the screen. See Figure 2-12 (2). The  
asterisk indicates the guard zone is par-  
tially set, but the alarm function has not  
been actuated. It disappears once the  
guard zone is set completely.  
4. Press the [RING] key to select or dese-  
lect.  
5. Repeat step 4 and 5.  
Maximum number of ranges is all ranges.  
Minimum number of ranges is two.  
3. Moving the trackball clockwise, set the  
lower (upper) right edge of the guard  
zone. The guard zone now appears on  
the display and alarm function has been  
actuated, See Figure 2-12 (3).  
2.23 EBL/Cursor Bearing  
Reference  
Note: To create a 360 degree guard zone,  
rotate the cursor counterclockwise instead of  
clockwise.  
EBL and cursor bearing can be displayed  
relative to own ship’s heading (Relative) or  
with reference to North (True).  
4. Press the [GUARD] key again. The as-  
terisk disappears and the alarm function  
is actuated after three to five antenna  
scannings, and then, the indication  
“GUARD” is replaced by “G(IN)” or  
“G(OUT)”.  
Note: Magnetic compass or gyrocompass  
connection required for true bearing.  
1. Press the [MENU] key to open the menu.  
2. Operate the trackball to select “9. EBL/  
+CURSOR”  
5. Any ships, landmasses, etc. coming into  
or going out of the guard zone will trigger  
the audible alarm. If the audible alarm  
sounds you can silence it by pressing the  
[GUARD] key. When this is done the indi-  
cation “GUARD” appears in reverse video.  
3. Press the [RANGE] key to select “TRUE”  
or “REL (Relative)”.  
2.24 Guard Alarm  
6. Press the [GUARD] key again to restore  
the audible alarm. “GUARD” lights in nor-  
mal video.  
The alarm allows the operator to set the de-  
sired range (0 to maximum range) and bear-  
ing (0 to 360 degrees) for a guard zone, called  
Auto In/Out alarm. When ships, islands, land-  
masses, etc. go into (or go out of) the guard  
zone an audible alarm sounds to call the  
operator’s attention.  
7. To cancel both the guard zone and the  
audible alarm, press and hold down the  
[GUARD] key for three seconds.  
Note 1: When the range is less than the half  
of the guard zone range, the guard zone dis-  
appears from the screen and “UP RANGE”  
indication appears. If this happens, select a  
range which will again display the guard zone  
on the screen.  
2-9  
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Note 2:A target echo does not always mean  
a landmass, reef, ships or surface objects but  
can imply returns from sea surface or pre-  
cipitation. As the level of these returns varies  
with environment, the operator should (prop-  
erly) adjust theA/C SEA,A/C RAIN, FTC and  
GAIN to be sure target echoes within the  
guard zone are not overlooked by the alarm  
system.  
Note: The audible alarm does not sound for  
the target originally existing the zone.  
Case 2: When no targets exist inside the  
zone, the alarm zone is automatically set to  
“Auto In Alarm” mode and the indication  
“GUARD” is replaced by “G (IN)”. The au-  
dible alarm sounds only on targets which go  
into the zone. See Figure 2-13 (2).  
Asterisk blinking  
* G (IN)  
Guard zone  
to set  
A
A
B
D
C
Dashed line:  
no alarm  
Guard  
zone  
Drag cursor  
here.  
IN ALARM  
OUT ALARM  
(1) Mentally create  
the guard zone to set.  
(2) Drag cursor to  
top left corner of  
zone and press  
[GUARD].  
Figure 2-12 Auto In/Out Alarm  
2.25  
Watchman  
G (IN)  
G (IN)  
The watchman function turns on the radar  
and transmits its for about 30 seconds at a  
predetermined interval to check for targets  
in a guard zone. This feature is useful when  
you do not need the radar’s function continu-  
ously but want to be alerted to radar targets  
in an area.  
Guard  
zone  
C
Drag cursor  
here.  
(4) Guard zone  
completed.  
(3) Drag cursor to  
bottom right corner  
of zone and press  
[GUARD].  
When the watchman feature is on, an inter-  
nal timer turns on the radar every 5, 10 or 20  
minutes and the radar transmits for 30 sec-  
onds to check for the existence of radar tar-  
gets in a guard zone.  
Figure 2-11 Setting Guard Zone  
Auto In/Out Alarm  
Tx  
St-by  
St-by  
Tx  
When the guard zone is set completely, the  
radar starts searching for targets inside the  
guard zone for 8 to 12 seconds. The indica-  
tion “GUARD” appears during this period.  
1 min  
5, 10 or  
20 min  
1 min  
5, 10 or  
20 min  
Watchman  
starts.  
Case 1: When there are targets inside the  
zone, the alarm zone is automatically set to  
“Auto Out Alarm” mode and the indication  
“GUARD” is replaced by “G (OUT)”. The au-  
dible alarm sounds only on targets which go  
out of the zone or disappear. See Figure 2-  
13 (1).  
Figure 2-13How watchman works  
2-10  
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1. Determine the guard zone (usually 360  
degrees) with the guard alarm function.  
val (except for 15 seconds) appears to the  
right of the indication PLOT.  
2. Press the [MENU] key to open the menu.  
If the range is changed during plotting, plot-  
ting begins anew with the newly selected  
range. To cancel plotting, press the [PLOT]  
key.  
3. Operate the trackball to select “7.  
WATCHMAN” .  
4. Press the [RANGE] key to select a trans-  
mission interval.  
Plotting Interval  
(30 sec., 1min.,3min., 6min.)  
5. Press the [MENU] key to actuate the  
watchman mode. The indication “WATCH-  
MAN” appears and the radar transmits for  
one minute and then turns to stand-by,  
and “ECHONOMY” lights.  
PLOT 3M  
PLOT  
18:25  
0:25  
Timer  
Note: The antenna radiator does not rotate  
in the “ECHONOMY” (stand-by) mode. How-  
ever, the radiator rotates continuously dur-  
ing the watchman mode.  
Figure 2-14 Plotting Indications  
Plot Brilliance  
6. The radar automatically starts transmit-  
ting after the time selected at step 4 has  
passed. It transmits for one minute ap-  
proximately and examines the guard zone  
for change.  
The brilliance of plotted echoes is selectable  
through the MENU display. Press the [MENU]  
key and select “5. PLOT BRILLIANCE”.  
(a) If the condition is unchanged, the ra-  
dar automatically returns to stand-by  
again and continues operating in the  
watchman mode.  
2.27 Navigation Data Display  
Navigation data can be displayed on the  
screen if your radar receives navigation in-  
put form a Loran-C, NNSS (satellite naviga-  
tor) or GPS navigator whose output formats  
is IEC 61162 or FURUNO CIF. Data  
displayable include own ship’s position in lati-  
tude and longitude (or Loran-C time differ-  
ences (TDs)), bearing and range to a  
waypoint selected on the nav aid, own ship’s  
speed, heading and course, In addition, if a  
heading sensor or gyrocompass is also con-  
nected, a line connects a waypoint (selected  
on navaid), denoted by a dashed ring, with  
the own ship’s position.  
(b) If the condition differs from the previ-  
ous one, the radar sounds an audible  
alarm, cancels the watchman mode  
and transmits continuously.  
7. To cancel the watchman mode manually,  
press any key.  
2.26 Plotting  
This function plots the movement of other  
ships relative to your own ship.  
To return the navigation data display on or  
off, press the [MENU] key and select “8. NAV  
DATA”.  
Press the [PLOT (A/C RAIN)] control to start  
plotting. The indication “PLOT” and a timer  
appear at the top right-hand corner of the  
screen and movement of all targets is plot-  
ted. The timer counts up from 0:01 to 99:59,  
whereupon the timer indication freezes but  
plotting continues. Targets initially are up-  
dated every 15 seconds. However, you can  
select intervals of 30 seconds, 1 minute, 3  
minutes or 6 minutes through the MENU dis-  
play (Refer to Chapter 3). The plotting inter-  
To display TDs instead of L/L, press the  
[GAIN] control. Press the control again to  
restore L/L.  
2-11  
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If the output format is FURUNO CIF a jumper  
wire must be connected to “JUP1” on the SPU  
Board in the display unit. Note that for CIF  
format the bearing measurement method  
(Magnetic or True) does not appear for bear-  
ing to waypoint data.  
MAG 115.0°  
12NM  
GUARD  
IR  
3.0NM  
Waypoint  
Range to Waypoint  
Bearing to Waypoint  
M:Magnetic  
T:True  
(M or T appear in CIF format.)  
LL  
WP  
6.0 NM  
171.6° M  
SPD  
4.3 KT  
Own ships position  
(latitude and longitude)  
Ship's speed  
Ship's course  
34°38.99S  
135°19.22E  
Ship's heading  
HD 115.0°  
CRS 118.0°  
VRM  
2.62 NM  
EBL  
48.1°R  
315.1° R  
9.05 NM  
Figure 2-15 Navigation Data on the Screen  
2-12  
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3. FALSE ECHOES  
Occasionally false echoes appear on the  
screen at positions where there is no target.  
In some cases the effects can be reduced or  
eliminated. The operator should familiarize  
himself or herself with the appearance and  
effects of these false echoes, so as not to  
confuse them with echoes from legitimate  
contacts.  
3.2 Side-lobe Echoes  
Every time the scanner rotates, some radia-  
tion escapes on each side of the beam—  
called “side-lobes.” If a target exists where it  
can be detected by the side-lobes as well as  
the main-lobe, the side-lobe echoes may be  
represented on both sides of the true echo  
at the same range, as shown in Figure 4-2.  
Side-lobes show usually only at short ranges  
and from strong targets. They can be reduced  
through careful reduction of the sensitivity or  
proper adjustment of the A/C SEA.  
3.1 Multiple Echoes  
Multiple echoes occur when a short range,  
strong echo is received from a ship, bridge,  
or breakwater.Asecond, a third or more ech-  
oes may be observed on the display at  
double, triple or other multiples of the actual  
range of the target as shown in Figure 4-1.  
Multiple reflection echoes can be reduced  
and often removed by decreasing the sensi-  
tivity or properly adjusting the A/C SEA.  
True echo  
Main-lobe  
Side-lobe  
Sprious  
target  
Antenna  
True  
echo  
Figure 3-2 Side-lobe echoes  
Own ship  
Multiple  
echo  
Figure 3-1 Multiple echoes  
3-1  
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3.3 Indirect Echoes  
3.4 Blind and Shadow Sectors  
Indirect echoes may be returned from either  
a passing ship or returned from a reflecting  
surface on your own ship, for example, a  
stack. In both cases, the echo will return from  
a legitimate contact to the scanner by the  
same indirect path. The echo will appear on  
the same bearing of the reflected surface, but  
at the same range as the direct echo. Figure  
4-3 illustrates the effect of an indirect echo.  
Indirect echoes may be recognized as fol-  
lows:  
Funnels, stacks, masts, or derricks in the path  
of antenna may reduce the intensity of the  
radar beam. If the angle subtended at the  
antenna is more than a few degrees a blind  
sector may be produced. Within the blind  
sector small targets at close range may not  
be detected while larger targets at much  
greater ranges may be detected. See Figure  
4-4.  
• they usually occur in a shadow sector  
• they appear on the bearing of the obstruc-  
tion but at the range of the legitimate con-  
tact  
• when plotted, their movements are usu-  
ally abnormal, and  
• their shapes may indicate they are not di-  
rect echoes.  
Heading  
marker  
Direct  
path  
Target  
Figure 3-4 Blind and shadow sectors  
Indirect  
path  
Obstruction  
(mast, funnel.  
etc.)  
Scanner  
Target  
True  
echo  
Indirect  
path  
Indirect  
Direct  
path  
echo  
Heading  
marker  
Own  
ship  
True  
echo  
Bridge  
Indirect  
echo  
Indirect  
echo  
Figure 3-3 Indirect echoes  
3-2  
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Showing SART marks on the radar  
display  
3.5 SART (Search and Rescue  
Transponder)  
To show the SART marks only on the radar  
display, detune the radar receiver manually.  
This erases or weakens all normal radar ech-  
oes, but, the SART marks are not erased be-  
cause the SART response signal scans over  
all frequencies in the 9 GHz band. When the  
radar approaches the SART in operation, the  
SART marks will enlarge to large arcs, blur-  
ring a large part of the screen. Reduce the  
sensitivity and adjust the sea clutter control  
of the radar.  
A Search and Rescue Transponder (SART)  
may be triggered by any X-Band (3 cm) ra-  
dar within a range of approximately 8 n.miles.  
Each radar pulse received causes it to trans-  
mit a response which is swept repetitively  
across the complete radar frequency band.  
When interrogated, it first sweeps rapidly (0.4  
µs) through the band before beginning a rela-  
tively slow sweep (7.5 µs) through the band  
back to the starting frequency. This process  
is repeated for a total of twelve complete  
cycles. At some point in each sweep, the  
SART frequency will match that of the inter-  
rogating radar and be within the pass band  
of the radar receiver. If the SART is within  
range, the frequency match during each of  
the 12 slow sweeps will produce a response  
on the radar display, thus a line of 12 dots  
equally spaced by about 0.64 nautical miles  
will be shown.  
Summary to detect SART response  
1. Use range scale of 6 or 12 nm as the  
spacing between the SART responses is  
about 0.6 nm (1125 m) to distinguish the  
SART.  
2. Turn off the automatic clutter suppression.  
3. Turn off the Interference Rejector.  
When the range to the SART is reduced to  
about 1 nm, the radar display may show also  
the 12 responses generated during the fast  
sweeps. These additional dot responses,  
which also are equally spaced by 0.64 nm,  
will be interspersed with the original line of  
12 dots. They will appear slightly weaker and  
smaller than the original dots.  
General remarks on receiving SART  
Radar range scale  
When looking for a SART it is preferable to  
use either the 6 or 12 nautical mile range  
scale. This is because the total displayed  
length of the SART response of 12 (or 24)  
dots may extend approximately 9.5 nautical  
miles beyond the position of the SART and it  
is necessary to see a number of response  
dots to distinguish the SART from other re-  
sponses.  
Screen A: When SART  
is distant  
Screen B: When SART  
is close  
Lines of 12 dots  
are displayed in  
concentric arcs.  
Echo of SART  
24 NM  
Radar antenna  
beamwidth  
Echo of  
SART  
1.5 NM  
Position of  
SART  
SART range errors  
Own ship's  
position  
Own ship's  
position  
When responses from only the 12 low fre-  
quency sweeps are visible (when the SART  
is at a range greater than about 1 nm), the  
position at which the first dot is displayed may  
be as mush as 0.64 nm beyond the true po-  
sition of the SART. When the range closes  
so that the fast sweep responses are seen  
also, the first of these will be no more than  
150 meters beyond the true position.  
Position of  
SART  
SART mark  
length  
Radar receiver  
bandwidth  
9500 MHz  
9200 MHz  
Sweep time  
7.5 µs  
95 µs  
Low speed sweep signal  
High speed sweep signal  
Sweep start  
Figure 3-5 SART display  
3-3  
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4. MAINTENANCE & TROUBLESHOOTING  
This chapter tells you how to keep your ra-  
dar in good working order. Before reviewing  
4.1 Preventive Maintenance  
this chapter please read the safety informa-  
tion which follows.  
Regular maintenance is important for good  
performance. Always keep the equipment as  
free as possible from dirt, dust, and water  
splashes. Make sure all screws securing the  
components are properly tightened.  
DANGER  
Turn off the power before  
performing any maintenance or  
troubleshooting procedure.  
A maintenance program should be estab-  
lished and should at least include the items  
listed in Table 4-1.  
Hazardous voltages can shock, burn or cause death.  
Only qualified personnel totally famillier with electrical  
circuits should work inside the units.  
4.2 Replacing the Fuse  
RF RADIATION HAZARD  
The fuse on the rear panel of the display pro-  
tects the equipment against reverse polarity  
of ship's mains, overcurrent, and equipment  
fault. If the fuse blows, find the cause before  
replacing it. Never use an incorrect fuse -  
serious damage to the equipment may re-  
sult and void the warranty.  
The radar scanner emits high frequency  
radio radiation which can be harmful,  
particularly to your eyes.  
Never look directly into the scanner from a distance of  
less than two feet when the radar is in operation as  
you could injure the cornea of your eyes. Always  
make sure the radar is set to stand-by or is turned off  
before starting work on the scanner unit.  
12V: 10A fuse  
24/32V: 5A fuse  
CAUTION  
Use the proper fuse.  
Use of a wrong fuse can result in  
equipment damage.  
Table 4-1 Recommended maintenance program  
Period  
Item  
Check point  
Remarks  
3 to 6  
months  
Exposed  
nuts and  
bolts on  
Check for corroded or loosened  
nuts and bolts. If necessary,  
clean and repaint them thickly.  
Replace them if heavily  
corroded.  
Sealing compound may be used  
instead of paint. Apply a small  
amount of grease between nuts  
and bolts for easy removal in  
future.  
scanner unit  
scanner  
radiator  
Check for dirt and cracks on  
radiator surface. Thick dirt should (acetone) for cleaning. If you  
be wiped off with soft cloth  
dampened with fresh water. If a  
crack is found, apply a slight  
amount of sealing compound or  
adhesive as a temporary  
Do not use plastic solvent  
need to remove ice from antenna  
unit, use a wooden hammer or  
plastic head hammer. Crack on  
the unit may cause water  
ingress, causing serious  
remedy, then call for repair.  
damages to internal circuits.  
6 months Display unit Check for tight connection and  
to 1 year connectors corrosion.  
If corroded, contact your dealer  
for replacement.  
4-1  
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4.3 Troubleshooting  
Table 4-2 contains simple troubleshooting  
procedures which you can follow to try to re-  
store normal operation. If you cannot restore  
normal operation, do not attempt to check  
inside any unit of the radar system. Any re-  
pair work is best left to a qualified technician.  
Table 4-2 Troubleshooting table  
If...  
But...  
Then...  
you pressed the  
[POWER] key to turn not light  
on the radar  
the control panel does • try adjusting the control panel back-  
lighting on the OTHERS menu.  
• battery may have discharged.  
• check fuse in power cable.  
nothing appears on  
• try adjusting the brilliance.  
the display or display  
contrast is poor  
characters are  
distorted  
• request service.  
the radar has  
warmed up and you  
pressed the  
the scanner does not • the problem may be in scanner unit.  
rotate  
Request service.  
characters and  
indications are  
abnormal  
• have a qualified technician check the  
set.  
[TX] key to transmit  
you have adjusted  
the gain with A/C  
RAIN and A/C SEA  
off  
neither noise nor  
targets appear  
(indications and  
markers do)  
• check signal cable for damage.  
neither indications nor • check signal cable for damage.  
markers appear (noise  
and targets do)  
the sweep (radial line  
sweeping around the  
display) is not  
• the problem may be in the scanner  
unit. Request service.  
synchronized with  
scanner rotation  
there is no change in • request service.  
sensitivity  
a key is pressed  
nothing happens  
• key may be faulty. Request service.  
4-2  
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4.4 Life Expectancy of  
Magnetron  
The following table shows the life expectancy  
of the magnetrons.  
Table 4-3 Life expectancy of magnetrons  
Magnetron Type  
MG5248  
Code No.  
000-116-121  
000-137-529  
Life expectancy  
2,000 - 3,000 hours  
(Including stand-by)  
E3571  
4-3  
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SPECIFICATIONS OF MARINE RADAR  
MODEL 1761 MARK-3  
1. GENERAL  
1.1. Indication System  
PPI Daylight display, raster scan, 8 tones in monochrome  
1.2. Range, Pulselength (PL) & Pulse Repetition Rate (PRR)  
Range (nautical miles)  
PL PRR  
0.125 0.25 0.5 0.75 1.5  
2
3
4
6
8 12 16 24 36 48  
SP 2100 Hz  
MP 1200 Hz  
0.08 µs  
0.3 µs  
LP 600 Hz  
0.8 µs  
1.3. Range Resolution  
41 m  
1.4. Bearing Discrimination 2.9º  
1.5. Minimum Range  
39 m (0.25 NM range)  
Within 1º  
1.6. Bearing Accuracy  
1.7. Range Ring Accuracy  
0.9 % of range or 8 m, whichever is the greater  
2. ANTENNA UNIT  
2.1. Radiator  
Slotted waveguide array  
Horizontal  
2.2. Polarization  
2.3. Antenna Rotation Speed 24 rpm or 48 rpm nominal  
2.4. Radiator Length  
100 cm (XN-10A)  
2.5. Horizontal Beamwidth  
2.6. Vertical Beamwidth  
2.7. Sidelobe Attenuation  
2.4°  
27°  
Within ±20° of main-lobe: less than -24 dB  
Outside ±20° of main-lobe: less than -30 dB  
3. TRANSCEIVER MODULE  
3.1. Frequency  
9410 MHz ±30MHz (X band)  
P0N  
3.2. Modulation  
3.3. Peak Output Power  
3.4. Modulator  
4 kW nominal  
FET Switching Method  
3.5. Intermediate Frequency 60 MHz  
3.6. Tuning  
Automatic  
3.7. Receiver Front End  
3.8. Bandwidth  
MIC (Microwave IC)  
Tx pulselength 0.08 µs and 0.3 µs: 7 MHz  
Tx pulselength 0.8 µs: 3 MHz  
Circulator with diode limiter  
3.9. Duplexer  
SP - 1  
E3481S01B  
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4. DISPLAY UNIT  
4.1. Indication System  
4.2. Picture Tube  
PPI Daylight display, raster scan, 8 tones in monochrome  
7 inch rectangular monochrome CRT  
Effective display area more than 100 mm  
4.3. Range, Range Interval, Number of Rings  
Range (NM) 0.25 0.5 0.75  
Ring Interval (NM) 0.125 0.125 0.25 0.25 0.5 0.5 1 1 2 2 3 4 6 12  
Number of Rings 3 4 3 4 4 4 4 4  
4.1. Markers  
1
1.5  
2
3 4 6 8 12 16 24 48  
2
4
3
4
3
4
Heading Line, Bearing Scale, Range Rings,  
Variable Range Marker (VRM),  
Electric Bearing Line (EBL), Tuning Bar, Cursor, Alarm Zone,  
Waypoint Mark (navigation input required),  
North Mark (heading sensor input required)  
4.2. Alphanumeric IndicationsRange, Range Ring Interval, Interference Rejection (IR),  
Stand-by (ST-BY), Radar Alarm (G(IN), G(OUT), G(ACKN)),  
Range, Bearing and Latitude/Longitude of Cursor,  
Echo Stretch (ES), Echo Plot (PLOT), Plot Elapsed Time,  
Navigation Data (navigation input required),  
Heading (HDC, heading sensor input required)  
4.3. Input Data  
Own ship’s position:  
NMEA0183 (Ver.1.5/2.0), current loop  
GGA>RMA>RMC>GLL (accept GLL in NMEA Version1.5 only)  
RMA>RMC>VTG>VHW  
Speed:  
Heading (True):  
Heading (Magnetic):  
Course (True):  
Course (Magnetic):  
HDT>HDG*1>HDM*1>VHW>VHW*1  
HDM>HDG*1>HDT*1>VHW>VHW*1  
RMA>RMC>VTG  
VTG>RMC>RMA  
Waypoint (Range, Bearing): RMB>BWC>BWR  
Loran time difference:  
4.4. Output Data  
RMA>GLC>GTD  
*1: calculated by magnetic drift.  
NMEA 0183 (Version 1.5/2.0), RS-422  
5. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION  
5.1. Ambient Temperature  
Antenna Unit: -25°C to +70°C  
Display Unit: -15°C to +55°C  
95 % or less at +40°C  
Antenna Unit: IPX6  
5.2. Relative Humidity  
5.3. Waterproofing  
Display Unit: IPX4  
6. POWER SUPPLY & POWER CONSUMPTION  
6.1. Power Supply  
12-32 VDC (10.2 to 40.0 VDC), 58 W approx.  
6.2. Voltage and Current  
6.3. Power Consumption  
XN-10A (24rpm): 12 VDC: 4.5 A, 24 VDC: 2.0 A, 32 VDC: 2.0 A  
XN-10A (24rpm): 70 W to 90 W (100 kt)  
SP - 2  
E3481S01B  
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7. COATING COLOR  
7.1. Display Unit  
7.2. Antenna Unit  
Panel: N3.0, Chassis: 2.5GY5/1.5  
N9.5  
8. COMPASS SAFE DISTANCE  
8.1. Display Unit  
8.2. Antenna Unit  
Standard: 0.50 m Steering: 0.40 m  
Standard: 1.00 m Steering: 0.75 m  
SP - 3  
E3481S01B  
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Index  
A
S
A/C RAIN control .................................... 2-4  
A/C SEA control .................................... 2-3  
SART....................................................... 3-2  
Sensitivity ................................................ 2-2  
Shadow Sectors ...................................... 3-2  
Side-lobe Echoes .................................. 3-1  
Stand-by.................................................. 2-2  
ST BY/TX key.......................................... 2-2  
System configuration................................. vii  
B
Bearing measurement ............................. 2-5  
Blind sectors............................................ 3-2  
Brilliance........................................... 2-2, 2-8  
BRILL key................................................ 2-2  
T
E
Transmitting ............................................ 2-2  
Troubleshooting .................................... 4-2  
EBL ........................................................ 2-5  
Echo stretch ............................................ 2-8  
Economy mode ....................................... 2-2  
V
VRM ........................................................ 2-5  
W
F
Fuse ........................................................ 4-1  
Watchman ............................................. 2-10  
G
Gain control ............................................. 2-2  
Guard alarm .......................................... 2-9  
Guard key................................................ 2-9  
Guard zone ............................................. 2-9  
Z
Zoom ....................................................... 2-6  
H
Heading marker....................................... 2-4  
I
Indirect echoes ........................................ 3-2  
Interference ........................................... 2-8  
M
Magnetron .............................................. 4-3  
Maintenance............................................ 4-1  
Multiple Echoes....................................... 3-1  
Menu tree .................................................. v  
N
Navigation data .................................... 2-11  
Noise ....................................................... 3-8  
North marker ........................................... 2-4  
P
Plotting interval.......................................2-11  
Plotting timer ..........................................2-11  
POWER key ............................................ 2-2  
Power on/off ............................................ 2-2  
R
Range key ............................................... 2-2  
Range measurement............................... 2-5  
Range rings ............................................. 2-5  
IN-1  
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