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IT-REFERENCE 16 E owNER’s maNual
for any obvious severe damage to the box and
The IT-Reference 16 E also employs our
unique Power Factor Correction Circuit. For
the first time, low-level analog, digital, and
video components are not modulated or
distorted via the power amplifier’s extreme
AC current demands. Further, the power
amplifier sees a highly filtered, extremely
low-impedance supply of AC power. The IT-
Reference 16 E, in fact, has in excess of 9
Amps of continuous current reserve (over 80
amps peak charge) for the most extreme peak
power demands. This technology enables
power amplifiers and powered subwoofers to
work at peak efficiency and reach levels of
performance previously unattainable.
internal protective materials. If internal damage
is likely, contact the carrier who delivered
the unit before proceeding with unpacking. If,
after unpacking, shipping damage is evident,
contact the carrier. Save all shipping and
packing materials. You may need them if you
should ever have to return the unit to the
factory service center.
The box should contain the IT-Reference
16 E unit, detachable AC cord, rack mount
kit, owner’s manual, and warranty registration
card. If anything is missing, please contact
Furman Customer Service. Fill out and return
your warranty registration card. Registration
is recommended because it can be used
to establish whether the unit is within the
warranty period should your original ownership
documents be lost, and it assists us in
informing you about upgrades or other vital
information.
No longer will your amplifier’s performance
be at the mercy of your home’s incoming AC
power or inferior AC protection/filtering devices.
The net effect is as if your power amplifier
doubled in power and improved immeasurably
in quality.
safety Information - warnings
When employing the IT-Reference 16 E you
will immediately notice far clearer, stunningly
focused sound and visual images from your
system. Video presentation will be crisp and
colors true with greater gray and black scale
definition, as well as noticeably improved
depth and clarity. Sonic transients will be
startlingly fast with bass fundamentals that
shake foundations with their weight and
visceral impact. Mid and high frequencies
will bloom with sweet, non-glaring ease while
imaging improves dramatically, all the while
remaining true to your system’s inherent
virtues.
Please read and observe all of the safety and
operating instructions before the IT-Reference
16 E is operated. Retain these instructions for
future reference.
•
•
•
•
Do not disassemble or modify in any way.
No user-serviceable parts inside.
Keep away from moisture and avoid
excessive humidity
Do not allow liquids or foreign objects to
enter the unit
Household lighting equipment may not be
connected to the IT-Reference 16 E
because their sockets are not designed for
use with balanced symmetrical power and
may present a shock hazard. We
recommend that only audio, video and
computer processing equipment be
Installation:
unpacking
Before unpacking your unit, inspect the carton
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IT-REFERENCE 16 E owNER’s maNual
connected to the IT-Reference 16 E.
in a standard 19” (48 cm) rack by attaching
the IT-Reference 16 E rack ears. These rack
ears (contained within the plastic rack kit
package) mount flush with the back portion
of the IT- Reference 16 E’s front panel. They
are attached to the chassis by removing the
(3) countersunk screws on each forward-
side of the chassis top cover. Each rack ear
is installed with pan-head Philips screws
contained within the IT-Reference 16 E rack
mounting kit. Due to the weight of the
The IT-Reference 16 E should be serviced by
qualified service personnel when:
•
The power supply cord or plug has been
frayed or cut.
Objects have fallen or liquid has spilled into
the unit.
•
•
•
The IT-Reference 16 E has been exposed to
rain or other moisture.
The IT-Reference 16 E does not appear to
operate normally, or exhibits a marked
change in performance.
IT-Reference 16 E (37 kg.), it is recommended
that placement be at or near the bottom of your
rack when choosing this mounting option.
•
The IT-Reference 16 E has been dropped,
or the enclosure damaged.
Connections:
Power source
The power source to which the IT-Reference
16 E is connected should ideally be adequate
for use at 16 Amps. Though the system may
function with a 10 Amp panel circuit breaker,
nuisance circuit breaker tripping could result
at your service panel. If your system includes
multi-channel audio power amplifiers that
require more than modest power demands,
a circuit breaker with a rating of at least 16
Amps (13 in the U.K.), is essential for optimum
performance.
aC Cable Routing
Once the IT-Reference 16 E is placed, the
female end of the AC cord must be plugged
into the male IEC connector located on the
lower left hand side of the rear panel (when
facing the rear panel). Next, the male plug
must be connected to an appropriate socket.
This AC cord will carry substantial unbalanced
AC current, so it should be dressed away
from critical signal-carrying cables, or at the
very least, cross them at a 90 degree angle.
The same is true of the power amplifier AC
cords when plugged into the IT- Reference
16 E’s “High Current - Amplifier Power” AC
filtered outputs. All other components plugged
into “Discrete Symmetrical Power” outlets (A)
through (C) have symmetrical balanced AC
current and will radiate virtually no field; as a
result of this technology, their placement is not
critical.
Placement
The IT-Reference 16 E is manufactured with
four rubber feet for placement on any table,
cabinet, shelf, or floor capable of supporting
its 37 kg weight. These rubber feet may be
easily removed with a standard Philips screw
driver when rack mounting adjacent to other
components. Because of the IT-Reference 16
E’s internal shielding, placement or proximity
to other components is not critical, and the
IT-Reference 16 E does not produce any
appreciable heat under standard use. The
IT- Reference 16 E may also be rack mounted
Connecting Components to the
symmetrical Power Banks
The IT-Reference 16 E’s “Symmetrical
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IT-REFERENCE 16 E owNER’s maNual
Power Outlets” should be employed for all
components other than receivers, power
amplifiers, powered subwoofers, or powered
loudspeakers. Each “Discrete” bank (A)
through (C) contains two to four parallel
outputs, that are symmetrically balanced,
filtered, and totally isolated from adjacent
output banks and the (4) “High Current - Power
Amplifier” outlets.
and have the capability to pass peak
current demands far in excess of the RMS
(continuous) current rating. The IT-Reference
16 E was designed to more than meet this
demand. Additionally, our Power Correction
Circuitry effectively creates a current reserve
in excess of 80 amps peak up-charge that
is cleaner and faster than a dedicated line
from your local power station. This feature
eliminates any concern regarding the current
compression that can result from typical power
conditioners, and the peak power reservoir
dramatically benefits any power amplifier’s
performance.
It should be noted that since each of the AC
bank’s symmetrical outlets are in parallel (for
instance two per bank “A”), some component
power supply noise could potentially “back-
wash” between these units. For this reason
it is recommended that systems with minimal
componentry (three units or less, excluding
the power amplifiers) utilize one “Discrete”
bank per component. This will maximize
performance by eliminating inter- component
AC noise contamination entirely! For systems
utilizing more componentry, a very high level
of performance will still be achieved with
careful routing of component AC cords to the
IT-Reference 16 E’s three “Discrete” power
banks. We recommend separating digital
processors, DVD’s, and CD players from pre-
amplifiers, tuners, and tape machines. Further,
video monitors and scalers should ideally be
separated from audio components.
The High Current Amplifier bank features (3)
typical IEC female outlets, and one 16 amp IEC
outlet for those amplifiers with extreme current
demands (rare).
Note about Power Factor Correction and
Current Consumption:
When power correction technology is employed
with even the most sophisticated circuit
breakers, it effectively adds to the perceived
current load. Though the IT-Reference 16 E
was designed for steady 16 amp operation,
and peak current demands many times that,
the maximum total continuous current draw
may be limited to a range between 2400 - 3600
Watts per each IT-Reference 16 E employed.
The RMS current available before the circuit
breaker trips varies due to the vector load.
Simply put, the type of power supplies
or electronic circuits connected to the IT-
Reference 16 E will have an effect on its circuit
breakers perceived current load, and therefore,
when it will trip. Though the benefits of power
factor correction far outweigh the small
Connecting Components to the High
Current Power Amplifier Banks:
Many audiophile and premium home theater
systems will have combined continuous current
demands far below 16 Amps. It is rare, in fact,
for large power amplifiers to draw more than 3
amps continuously.
reduction in continuous current draw, this must
be accounted for when constructing a large
For superior performance, it is vital that an AC
filter possess extraordinarily low impedance,
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IT-REFERENCE 16 E owNER’s maNual
Ground Fault Interrupter (GFCI):
system with high current demands.
The IT- Reference 16 E’s “Discrete
Symmetrical Filtered AC outlets” incorporate
a balanced AC power output, whereby both
the neutral and positive leads of the AC cable
run at 115 Volts AC in opposing polarity,
referenced to ground (0 Volts AC). This is but
one of the IT- Reference 16 E’s advantages
over other AC-filter/protection designs.
The total continuous current draw of most
electronic components is typically listed in
watts by their AC input cord or AC connector.
Watt ratings are simply added to determine the
total system RMS current draw. It should also
be noted that the IT- Reference 16 E’s power
correction circuitry has no actual effect on the
power drawn from your utilities’ power meter.
The IT-Reference 16 E draws a mere 2 watts
independent of other components, so it may be
left on at all times.
Though virtually all electronic equipment is
designed to detect electrical shorts and other
potentially dangerous equipment problems in
the line lead referenced to its Neutral, this is
inadequate when power is “balanced.” With
the IT-Reference 16 E, both neutral and
positive legs contain 115 VAC relative to their
Ground tab. This is not a problem or safety
hazard, unless there is a defect in either
the IT- Reference 16 E’s transformer, or the
power supply of a connected component. In
this instance, we need to assure that safety is
always maintained. The solution is our GFCI
(ground fault circuit interrupter).
soft start - Continuous use and
Break-In Time:
When power is first applied to the IT-Reference
16 E, (the front panel breaker- power toggle
must be switched to the “on” position) the Soft
Start feature is activated. There is an audible
“clack” when the IT-Reference is first turned on
or off. This sound is produced by the Soft Start
circuit’s 30 Amp relay engaging or disengaging.
There is nothing in the IT-Reference 16 E’s
construction, design, or componentry to wear
over the lifetime of the product, and there
is no power draw from your electric service
meter aside from the LED power indicator,
relay, and GFCI protection circuit. For this
reason the IT-Reference 16 E may be left
with its power engaged permanently. This is
an added benefit, as many audio/videophiles
find performance improves significantly when
leaving low-powered components permanently
charged (turned on). In fact, this is true of the
IT- Reference 16 E. Though it will function
flawlessly right from its shipping carton, the
performance of its circuit parts will improve
after approximately two weeks of continuous
use or “break-in.”
The Furman GFCI detects any imbalance in
the current flowing in the two hot legs. The
missing current is presumed to be flowing
through the ground conductor (the round
pin on an AC outlet). Ground current often
indicates a dangerous partial or full short
circuit. If an imbalance is detected, the GFCI
will trip the main circuit breaker/power switch.
To restore operation, correct the fault and turn
the unit on again. 5 mA of current is enough
to cause the GFCI to trip; to troubleshoot this
type of problem, start with nothing connected
to the IT-Reference 16 E. Then, add each
piece of equipment until the GFCI trips.
Contact the manufacturer of the suspect unit
for possible solutions.
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IT-REFERENCE 16 E owNER’s maNual
suggested aC Connection
Surround
Cable/Satellite
Protector
Powered
Subwoofer LCD Monitor
Plasma /
Video
Projector
Sound
Processor
Audio
Pre-Amplifier
16 Amp
Outlet
5 - 7
V.C.R. or
DVD
Player
Satellite
Receiver
Channel H.D. Hard
Amplifier Drive
Plus (SMP+) circuit senses voltages that are
so high that operation would be impossible,
it shuts the power down before damage can
occur. Upon initially applying power to these
units, the Extreme Voltage indicator LED will
light if the input voltage is above the extreme
voltage cutoff, and power will not be applied
to the unit’s outlets. If the unit has been
operating with an acceptable input voltage
and subsequently that voltage exceeds 270
VAC, it will shut off power to the outlet and the
Extreme Voltage LED will light.
Testing the IT-Reference 16 E’s GFCI once a
year is recommended. Simply press the button
marked “GFI TEST.” If the GFCI is functioning
properly, this will cause the main circuit
breaker/power switch to trip and cut off power.
After verifying the GFCI’s proper operation,
simply restore power by switching the Circuit
Breaker/Power Switch to the “1” position.
aC Transient Voltage surge
suppression and Extreme
Voltage shutdown
Extreme Voltage shutdown Indicator:
This LED is normally off. It monitors AC wiring
faults – for example, accidental connection
to an open neutral (in some countries) could
put well over 300 VAC RMS onto the mains
outlet. When the Series Multi-Stage Protection
Protection oK Indicator:
Although the Furman SMP circuit assures
virtually maintenance free protection from
transient voltage spikes and surges, nature
has a way of occasionally creating electrical
forces that are beyond the capabilities of any
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IT-REFERENCE 16 E owNER’s maNual
Transient Voltage Surge Suppression device
to absorb without some degree of damage.
In the rare instance that this occurs, the blue
LED located in the center of the front panel
will dim, even though AC power is present at
the unit’s outputs. If this happens, some level
of protection from voltage surges will remain,
but the Furman’s clamping voltage rating will
be compromised. The unit must be returned
to Furman Sound, or an authorized Furman
Service Center for repair.
To connect your cabling to these in-line
protectors, simply follow the in and out
indications marked next to the Cable and
Satellite connectors.
NOTE: It is not possible to make an in-line cable
or satellite protector “maintenance-free” as we
have accomplished with the 230 VAC line. This
would necessitate limited signal bandwidth that
would not allow the signal to pass. Under extreme
conditions, it is possible that the surge suppression
in one of these devices could sacrifice itself after a
catastrophic event. If the cable or satellite connector
becomes deformed in any way due to an extreme
lightning strike, please contact your local service
representative, installer or Furman Authorized
service center.
NOTE: If the mains power is above the high
cutoff voltage and has caused the unit to
remove power from its outlets, it cannot restore
power without the operator manually turning
the unit off, then on again. Avoid turning the
unit back on without first checking the source
of the problem, and perhaps changing the AC
source.
warranty
Furman Sound, LLC. warrants to the original purchaser
of this product, the Furman IT-Reference 16 E, that
the product will be free from defects in material and
workmanship for a period of five years from the date of
purchase. The purchaser of the product is allowed fifteen
days from the date of purchase to complete warranty
registration by mail or on-line at the Furman website. If the
purchaser fails to complete the aforementioned registration,
the warranty period will be reduced to one year from the
date of purchase.
satellite – Cable Transient Voltage surge
suppressors
The IT-Reference 16 E features transient
voltage surge suppression for both cable
and satellite lines utilizing standard coaxial
connectors. As these surge suppressors are
in-line, they will require an additional cable to
connect from their output to the control device
requiring protection.
If the product does not conform to this Limited Warranty
during the warranty period (as herein above specified),
purchaser shall notify Furman in writing of the claimed
defects. If the defects are of such type and nature as to
be covered by this warranty, Furman shall authorize the
purchaser to return the product to the Furman factory or
to an authorized Furman repair location. Warranty claims
should be accompanied by a copy of the original purchase
invoice showing the purchase date; this is not necessary if
the Warranty Registration was completed either by mailing
in the completed warranty card or by registering on-line
at the Furman website. Shipping charges to the Furman
factory or to an authorized repair location must be prepaid
by the purchaser of the product. Furman shall, at its own
expense, furnish a replacement product or, at Furman’s
option, repair the defective product. Return shipping
charges back to purchaser will be paid by Furman.
All in-line surge suppressors feature
our exclusive ground contamination free
technology. This aids in eliminating audio
buzzing, and the video hum-bars that can
result from typical in-line suppressors. Further,
our cable and satellite suppressors are TIVO
friendly as well as HD-Digital Television
ready. Both DC carrier signals as well as high
bandwidth signals can pass through our circuit.
In fact the bandwidth is less than 0.1dB loss at
1GHz!
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IT-REFERENCE 16 E owNER’s maNual
war, terrorism, vandalism, theft, normal-use wear and tear,
erosion, depletion, obsolescence, abuse, damage due to
low-voltage disturbances (i.e. brownouts or sags), non-
authorized program, or system equipment modification
or alteration. Do not use this product in anyway with a
generator, heater, sump pump, water-related device, life
support device, medical device, automobile, motorcycle, or
golf-cart battery charger. To be used indoors only and in
dry areas. All warranties contained herein are null and void
if used in anyway with any of the aforementioned devices.
CONNECTED EQUIPMENT WARRANTY: Furman
Sound’s Connected Equipment Warranty covers equipment
that is damaged by transient voltage (an “Occurrence”)
while properly connected through the Furman IT-Reference
16 E to a properly wired AC power line with a protective
ground in an indoor location. Furman’s Connected
Equipment Warranty is limited to the amount of the
deductible on the Purchaser’s personal property insurance
policy up to $500.00. In order to make a claim for this
Connected Equipment Warranty, the Purchaser must
forward a copy of his/her personal property insurance
claim for the damaged equipment to Furman and
complete the Furman Connected Equipment Warranty
claim form (call Furman at (707) 763-1010 to obtain the
form). Furman reserves the right to review the damaged
Furman product, the damaged connected equipment, and
the site where the damage occurred. All cost of shipping
damaged equipment to Furman for inspection shall be
borne solely by the Purchaser. Damaged equipment must
remain available for inspection until the claim is finalized.
The Connected Equipment Warranty is also in effect for
a period of three years unless the Purchaser does not
complete the warranty registration within fifteen days from
date of purchase, at which time, the Connected Equipment
Warranty period is also reduced to one year from the date
of purchase.
THE FOREGOING IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER
WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE. Furman does not warrant against damages
or defects arising out of improper or abnormal use or
handling of the product; against defects or damages
arising from improper installation, against defects in
products or components not manufactured by Furman, or
against damages resulting from such non-Furman made
products or components. This warranty shall be cancelable
by Furman at its sole discretion if the product is modified
in any way without written authorization from Furman.
This warranty also does not apply to products upon which
repairs have been affected or attempted by persons other
than pursuant to written authorization by Furman.
THIS WARRANTY IS EXCLUSIVE. The sole and
exclusive obligation of Furman shall be to repair or
replace the defective product in the manner and for the
period provided above. Furman shall not have any other
obligation with respect to this product or any part thereof,
whether based on contract, tort, strict liability, or otherwise.
Under no circumstances, whether based on this Limited
Warranty or otherwise, shall Furman be liable for incidental,
special, or consequential damages. Furman’s employees
or representatives’ ORAL OR OTHER WRITTEN
STATEMENTS DO NOT CONSTITUTE WARRANTIES,
shall not be relied upon by purchaser, and are not a part of
the contract for sale or this limited warranty. This Limited
Warranty states the entire obligation of Furman with
respect to the product. If any part of this Limited Warranty
is determined to be void or illegal, the remainder shall
remain in full force and effect.
All warranties contained herein are null and void if: the
Furman Surge Protector in use during the occurrence
is not provided to Furman for inspection upon Furman’s
request at the sole expense of the Purchaser, Furman
determines that the Furman Surge Protector has been
opened, improperly installed, altered in any way or
tampered with, Furman determines that the damage did
not result from the Occurrence or that no Occurrence in
fact took place or Furman determines that the connected
equipment was not used under normal operating conditions
or in accordance with Manufacturer’s instructions for the
connected equipment. All Furman Surge Protectors must
be plugged directly into a properly wired AC power line
with a protective ground and must not be “daisy-chained”
together in serial fashion with other power strips, UPS’s,
other surge protectors, three-to-two-prong adapters, or
extension cords. Any such installation voids this warranty.
The Furman warranty only protects against damage
to properly connected equipment where Furman has
determined, at its sole discretion, that the damage resulted
from an Occurrence and does not protect against acts
of God (other than lightning) such as flood, earthquake,
Warranty claims should be accompanied by a copy of the
original purchase invoice showing the date of purchase (if
a Warranty Registration Card was mailed in at the time of
purchase or if the product was registered on-line, this is
not necessary). Before returning any equipment for repair,
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IT-REFERENCE 16 E owNER’s maNual
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IT-REFERENCE 16 E owNER’s maNual
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IT-REFERENCE 16 E sPECIFICaTIoNs:
AC Current Capacity:
Input - 16 Amp capacity required*
Output - 8 - 16 Amp RMS * (maximum, all outlets combined - continuous)
* Due to the Power Factor Correction circuit, available RMS power varies with the reactance of the load
(vector). However, this only affects the circuit breaker for continuous RMS current draw. Since power
amplifiers will require high transient current demands, the IT-Reference 16 E will never succumb to current
compression. Quite the opposite, in fact, it will buffer the power amplifier’s power supply, while lowering
the AC input impedance, allowing power amplifiers to work more efficiently.
Linear Noise Attenuation:
Transverse (Differential) Mode:
>15 dB from 1Khz. - 3 kHz. >40 dB from 3 Khz. – 100 kHz. > 80 dB from 100 kHz. - 1GHz
(Linear attenuation curve from 0.05 – 100 ohms line impedance)
Common Mode:
>90 dB, 10 Hz - 50kHz. > 40 dB 50 kHz. - 1MHz.
Transient Voltage Surge Suppression:
266 VAC - Series Multi-Stage Protection Plus - Non-Sacrificial with Zero Ground Contamination.
(376V peak clamping @ 6000V 3000A input)
Extreme Voltage Shutdown (>275 VAC)
Cable / Satellite (less than .1dB insertion loss)
Power Consumption:
2 Watts for display and control circuits independent of actual load.
Outlets:
8 (symmetrical balanced outlets)
4 (power factor corrected outlets – 9 amps RMS reserve – resistive load – over 80 amps peak charge)
Transient Voltage Surge Suppression:
230VAC Line – Series Multi-Stage Protection Plus - Non-Sacrificial with Zero Ground Contamination
Extreme Voltage Shutdown:
275V (+/- 5V)
Cable / Satellite Transient Voltage Surge Suppresion (less than .1dB insertion loss @ 1 GHz)
Dimensions:
152mm H x 432mm W x 413mm D (standard 3RU without feet)
Weight:
37 kg.
Power Consumption:
2 watts for display and control circuits independent of actual load.
Furman Sound, LLC.
1690 Corporate Circle
Petaluma, California 94954-6919 USA
Safety Agency Listing:
CE
Phone: 707-763-1010 Fax: 707-763-1310
020606
E-mail: [email protected]
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