FEATURES
Š
High efficiency: 96% @ 5.0Vin, 3.3V/10A out
Š
Small size and low profile: (SIP)
50.8x 13.4x 8.5 mm (2.00” x 0.53” x 0.33”)
Signle-in-line (SIP) packaging
Standard footprint
Š
Š
Š
Š
Š
Š
Š
Voltage and resistor-based trim
Pre-bias startup
Output voltage tracking
No minimum load required
Output voltage programmable from
0.75Vdc to 3.3Vdc via external resistor
Fixed frequency operation
Š
Š
Š
Š
Š
Input UVLO, output OTP, OCP
Remote ON/OFF
Remote sense
ISO 9001, TL 9000, ISO 14001, QS9000,
OHSAS18001 certified manufacturing facility
UL/cUL 60950 (US & Canada) Recognized,
and TUV (EN60950) Certified
CE mark meets 73/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC
directives
Š
Š
Delphi DNM, Non-Isolated Point of Load
DC/DC Power Modules: 2.8-5.5Vin, 0.75-3.3V/10A out
OPTIONS
The Delphi Series DNM04, 2.8-5.5V input, single output, non-isolated
Point of Load DC/DC converters are the latest offering from a world
leader in power system and technology and manufacturing -- Delta
Electronics, Inc. The DNM04 series provides a programmable output
voltage from 0.75V to 3.3V using an external resistor. The DNM series
has flexible and programmable tracking and sequencing features to
enable a variety of startup voltages as well as sequencing and tracking
between power modules. This product family is available in a surface
mount or SIP package and provides up to 10A of current in an industry
standard footprint. With creative design technology and optimization of
component placement, these converters possess outstanding electrical
and thermal performance and extremely high reliability under highly
stressful operating conditions.
Š
Š
Š
Negative On/Off logic
Tracking feature
SIP package
APPLICATIONS
Š
Š
Š
Š
Š
Telecom / DataCom
Distributed power architectures
Servers and workstations
LAN / WAN applications
Data processing applications
DATASHEET
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
100
100
95
90
85
80
75
95
90
Vin=4.5V
Vin=3.0V
85
Vin=5.0V
Vin=5.0V
Vin=5.5V
Vin=5.5V
80
75
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
OUTPUR CURRENT(A)
OUTPUR CURRENT(A)
Figure 1: Converter efficiency vs. output current (3.3V out)
Figure 2: Converter efficiency vs. output current (2.5V out)
100
95
95
90
85
90
Vin=2.8V
80
Vin=2.8V
85
80
75
Vin=5.0V
Vin=5.5V
75
Vin=5.0V
Vin=5.5V
70
65
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
OUTPUR CURRENT(A)
OUTPUR CURRENT
(A)
Figure 3: Converter efficiency vs. output current (1.8V out)
Figure 4: Converter efficiency vs. output current (1.5V out)
95
90
85
95
90
85
80
80
Vin=2.8V
Vin=2.8V
75
75
Vin=5.0V
Vin=5.0V
70
Vin=5.5V
Vin=5.5V
70
65
65
60
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
OUTPUR CURRENT(A)
OUTPUR CURRENT(A)
Figure 5: Converter efficiency vs. output current (1.2V out)
Figure 6: Converter efficiency vs. output current (0.75V out)
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
Figure 7: Output ripple & noise at 3.3Vin, 2.5V/10A out
Figure 8: Output ripple & noise at 3.3Vin, 1.8V/10A out
Figure 9: Output ripple & noise at 5Vin, 3.3V/10A out
Figure 10: Output ripple & noise at 5Vin, 1.8V/10A out
Figure 11: Turn on delay time at 3.3Vin, 2.5V/10A out
Figure 12: Turn on delay time at 3.3Vin, 1.8V/10A out
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
Figure 13: Turn on delay time at 5Vin, 3.3V/10A out
Figure 14: Turn on delay time at 5Vin, 1.8V/10A out
Figure 15: Turn on delay time at remote turn on 5Vin, 3.3V/16A out
Figure 16: Turn on delay time at remote turn on 3.3Vin, 2.5V/16A
out
Figure 17: Turn on delay time at remote turn on with external
Figure 18: Turn on delay time at remote turn on with external
capacitors (Co= 5000 µF) 5Vin, 3.3V/16A out
capacitors (Co= 5000 µF) 3.3Vin, 2.5V/16A out
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
Figure 19: Typical transient response to step load change at
2.5A/μS from 100% to 50% of Io, max at 5Vin, 3.3Vout
(Cout = 1uF ceramic, 10μF tantalum)
Figure 20: Typical transient response to step load change at
2.5A/μS from 50% to 100% of Io, max at 5Vin, 3.3Vout
(Cout =1uF ceramic, 10μF tantalum)
Figure 21: Typical transient response to step load change at
2.5A/μS from 100% to 50% of Io, max at 5Vin, 1.8Vout
(Cout =1uF ceramic, 10μF tantalum)
Figure 22: Typical transient response to step load change at
2.5A/μS from 50% to 100% of Io, max at 5Vin, 1.8Vout
(Cout = 1uF ceramic, 10μF tantalum)
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
Figure 23: Typical transient response to step load change at
2.5A/μS from 100% to 50% of Io, max at 3.3Vin,
2.5Vout (Cout =1uF ceramic, 10μF tantalum)
Figure 24: Typical transient response to step load change at
2.5A/μS from 50% to 100% of Io, max at 3.3Vin,
2.5Vout (Cout =1uF ceramic, 10μF tantalum)
Figure 25: Typical transient response to step load change at
2.5A/μS from 100% to 50% of Io, max at 3.3Vin,
1.8Vout (Cout =1uF ceramic, 10μF tantalum)
Figure 26: Typical transient response to step load change at
2.5A/μS from 50% to 100% of Io, max at 3.3Vin,
1.8Vout (Cout = 1uF ceramic, 10μF tantalum)
Figure 27: Output short circuit current 5Vin, 0.75Vout
Figure 28:Turn on with Prebias 5Vin, 3.3V/0A out, Vbias =1.0Vdc
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TEST CONFIGURATIONS
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
TO OSCILLOSCOPE
Input Source Impedance
L
V
I(+)
To maintain low noise and ripple at the input voltage, it is
critical to use low ESR capacitors at the input to the
module. Figure 32 shows the input ripple voltage (mVp-p)
for various output models using 200 µF(2 x100uF) low
ESR tantalum capacitor (KEMET p/n: T491D107M016AS,
AVX p/n: TAJD107M106R, or equivalent) in parallel with
47 µF ceramic capacitor (TDK p/n:C5750X7R1C476M or
equivalent). Figure 33 shows much lower input voltage
ripple when input capacitance is increased to 400 µF (4 x
100 µF) tantalum capacitors in parallel with 94 µF (2 x 47
µF) ceramic capacitor.
100uF
2
Tantalum
BATTERY
V
I(-)
Note: Input reflected-ripple current is measured with a
simulated source inductance. Current is measured at
the input of the module.
Figure 29: Input reflected-ripple test setup
COPPER STRIP
The input capacitance should be able to handle an AC
ripple current of at least:
Vo
Resistive
Load
1uF
10uF
tantalum ceramic
SCOPE
Vout
Vin
Vout
Vin
⎛
⎜
⎞
⎟
Irms = Iout
1−
Arms
GND
⎝
⎠
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
Note: Use a 10μF tantalum and 1μF capacitor. Scope
measurement should be made using a BNC cable.
Figure 30: Peak-peak output noise and startup transient
measurement test setup.
5.0Vin
3.3Vin
CONTACT AND
DISTRIBUTION LOSSES
0
Vo
V
I
0
1
2
3
4
II
Io
Vo
Vin
LOAD
SUPPLY
Output Voltage (Vdc)
GND
Figure 32: Input voltage ripple for various output models, IO =
10 A (CIN = 2×100 µF tantalum // 47 µF ceramic)
CONTACT RESISTANCE
200
150
100
Figure 31: Output voltage and efficiency measurement test
setup
Note: All measurements are taken at the module
terminals. When the module is not soldered (via
socket), place Kelvin connections at module
terminals to avoid measurement errors due to
contact resistance.
50
0
5.0Vin
3.3Vin
Vo× Io
Vi × Ii
η = (
)×100 %
0
1
2
3
4
Output Voltage (Vdc)
Figure 33: Input voltage ripple for various output models, IO =
10 A (CIN = 4×100 µF tantalum // 2×47 µF ceramic)
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DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS (CON.)
FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS
The power module should be connected to a low
ac-impedance input source. Highly inductive source
impedances can affect the stability of the module. An
input capacitance must be placed close to the modules
input pins to filter ripple current and ensure module
stability in the presence of inductive traces that supply
the input voltage to the module.
Remote On/Off
The DNM/DNL series power modules have an On/Off
pin for remote On/Off operation. Both positive and
negative On/Off logic options are available in the
DNM/DNL series power modules.
For positive logic module, connect an open collector
(NPN) transistor or open drain (N channel) MOSFET
between the On/Off pin and the GND pin (see figure 34).
Positive logic On/Off signal turns the module ON during
the logic high and turns the module OFF during the logic
low. When the positive On/Off function is not used, leave
the pin floating or tie to Vin (module will be On).
Safety Considerations
For safety-agency approval the power module must be
installed in compliance with the spacing and separation
requirements of the end-use safety agency standards.
For the converter output to be considered meeting the
requirements of safety extra-low voltage (SELV), the
input must meet SELV requirements. The power
module has extra-low voltage (ELV) outputs when all
inputs are ELV.
For negative logic module, the On/Off pin is pulled high
with an external pull-up 5kΩ resistor (see figure 35).
Negative logic On/Off signal turns the module OFF
during logic high and turns the module ON during logic
low. If the negative On/Off function is not used, leave the
pin floating or tie to GND. (module will be On)
The input to these units is to be provided with a
maximum 15A time-delay fuse in the ungrounded lead.
Vin
Vo
ION/OFF
RL
On/Off
GND
Figure 34: Positive remote On/Off implementation
Vo
Vin
Rpull-up
ION/OFF
RL
On/Off
GND
Figure 35: Negative remote On/Off implementation
Over-Current Protection
To provide protection in an output over load fault
condition, the unit is equipped with internal over-current
protection. When the over-current protection is
triggered, the unit enters hiccup mode. The units
operate normally once the fault condition is removed.
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Vtrim= 0.7 − 0.1698×
Vo − 0.7525
FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.)
For example, to program the output voltage of a DNL
module to 3.3 Vdc, Vtrim is calculated as follows
Over-Temperature Protection
The over-temperature protection consists of circuitry that
provides protection from thermal damage. If the
temperature exceeds the over-temperature threshold the
module will shut down. The module will try to restart after
shutdown. If the over-temperature condition still exists
during restart, the module will shut down again. This
restart trial will continue until the temperature is within
specification
Vtrim = 0.7 − 0.1698×
3.3 − 0.7525 = 0.267V
)
Vo
RLoad
TRIM
Rtrim
GND
Remote Sense
Figure 37: Circuit configuration for programming output voltage
using an external resistor
The DNM/DNL provide Vo remote sensing to achieve
proper regulation at the load points and reduce effects of
distribution losses on output line. In the event of an open
remote sense line, the module shall maintain local sense
regulation through an internal resistor. The module shall
correct for a total of 0.5V of loss. The remote sense line
impedance shall be < 10Ω.
Vo
Vtrim
RLoad
TRIM
GND
+
_
Distribution Losses
Distribution Losses
Vo
Vin
Figure 38: Circuit Configuration for programming output voltage
using external voltage source
Sense
RL
Table 1 provides Rtrim values required for some common
output voltages, while Table 2 provides value of external
voltage source, Vtrim, for the same common output
voltages. By using a 1% tolerance trim resistor, set point
tolerance of ±2% can be achieved as specified in the
electrical specification.
GND
Distribution
Distribution
Figure 36: Effective circuit configuration for remote sense
operation
Output Voltage Programming
Table 1
The output voltage of the DNM/DNL can be programmed
to any voltage between 0.75Vdc and 3.3Vdc by
connecting one resistor (shown as Rtrim in Figure 37)
between the TRIM and GND pins of the module. Without
this external resistor, the output voltage of the module is
0.7525 Vdc. To calculate the value of the resistor Rtrim
for a particular output voltage Vo, please use the
following equation:
Vo(V)
0.7525
1.2
Rtrim(KΩ)
Open
41.97
23.08
15.00
6.95
1.5
1.8
2.5
3.3
3.16
21070
⎡
⎣
⎤
⎦
Rtrim =
− 5110 Ω
⎢
⎥
Table 2
Vo − 0.7525
For example, to program the output voltage of the DNL
Vo(V)
0.7525
1.2
Vtrim(V)
Open
module to 1.8Vdc, Rtrim is calculated as follows:
21070
⎡
⎣
⎤
⎦
0.624
0.573
0.522
0.403
0.267
Rtrim =
− 5110 Ω = 15KΩ
⎢
⎥
1.8 − 0.7525
1.5
DNL can also be programmed by apply a voltage
between the TRIM and GND pins (Figure 38). The
following equation can be used to determine the value of
Vtrim needed for a desired output voltage Vo:
1.8
2.5
3.3
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FEATURE DESCRIPTIONS (CON.)
The output voltage tracking feature (Figure 40 to Figure
42) is achieved according to the different external
connections. If the tracking feature is not used, the
TRACK pin of the module can be left unconnected or
tied to Vin.
The amount of power delivered by the module is the
voltage at the output terminals multiplied by the output
current. When using the trim feature, the output voltage
of the module can be increased, which at the same
output current would increase the power output of the
module. Care should be taken to ensure that the
maximum output power of the module must not exceed
the maximum rated power (Vo.set x Io.max ≤ P max).
For proper voltage tracking, input voltage of the tracking
power module must be applied in advance, and the
remote on/off pin has to be in turn-on status. (Negative
logic: Tied to GND or unconnected. Positive logic: Tied
to Vin or unconnected)
Voltage Margining
Output voltage margining can be implemented in the
DNL modules by connecting a resistor, R margin-up, from
the Trim pin to the ground pin for margining-up the
output voltage and by connecting a resistor, Rmargin-down,
from the Trim pin to the output pin for margining-down.
Figure 39 shows the circuit configuration for output
voltage margining. If unused, leave the trim pin
unconnected. A calculation tool is available from the
evaluation procedure which computes the values of R
margin-up and Rmargin-down for a specific output voltage and
margin percentage.
PS1
PS2
PS1
PS2
Figure 40: Sequential
Vo
Vin
PS1
PS2
PS1
PS2
Rmargin-down
Q1
Trim
GND
On/Off
Rmargin-up
Q2
Rtrim
Figure 41: Simultaneous
Figure 39: Circuit configuration for output voltage margining
PS1
PS1
PS2
Voltage Tracking
-V△
PS2
The DNM family was designed for applications that have
output voltage tracking requirements during power-up
and power-down. The devices have a TRACK pin to
implement three types of tracking method: sequential
start-up, simultaneous and ratio-metric. TRACK
simplifies the task of supply voltage tracking in a power
system by enabling modules to track each other, or any
external voltage, during power-up and power-down.
Figure 42: Ratio-metric
By connecting multiple modules together, customers can
get multiple modules to track their output voltages to the
voltage applied on the TRACK pin.
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FEATURE DESCRIPTIONS (CON.)
Sequential Start-up
Ratio-Metric
Ratio–metric (Figure 42) is implemented by placing the
voltage divider on the TRACK pin that comprises R1 and
R2, to create a proportional voltage with VoPS1 to the Track
pin of PS2.
Sequential start-up (Figure 40) is implemented by placing
an On/Off control circuit between VoPS1 and the On/Off pin
of PS2.
For Ratio-Metric applications that need the outputs of PS1
and PS2 reach the regulation set point at the same time.
PS1
PS2
Vin
Vin
The following equation can be used to calculate the value
of R1 and R2.
VoPS1
VoPS2
R3
On/Off
The suggested value of R2 is 10kΩ.
R1
Q1
C1
On/Off
R2
VO,PS 2
R2
=
VO,PS1 R1 + R2
PS1
PS2
Vin
Vin
Simultaneous
VoPS1
VoPS2
R1
Simultaneous tracking (Figure 41) is implemented by
using the TRACK pin. The objective is to minimize the
voltage difference between the power supply outputs
during power up and down.
TRACK
On/Off
R2
On/Off
The high for positive logic
The low for negative logic
The simultaneous tracking can be accomplished by
connecting VoPS1 to the TRACK pin of PS2. Please note
the voltage apply to TRACK pin needs to always higher
than the VoPS2 set point voltage.
PS2
PS1
Vin
Vin
VoPS1
VoPS2
TRACK
On/Off
On/Off
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THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS
Thermal management is an important part of the system
design. To ensure proper, reliable operation, sufficient
cooling of the power module is needed over the entire
temperature range of the module. Convection cooling is
usually the dominant mode of heat transfer.
Hence, the choice of equipment to characterize the
thermal performance of the power module is a wind
tunnel.
Thermal Testing Setup
Delta’s DC/DC power modules are characterized in
heated vertical wind tunnels that simulate the thermal
environments encountered in most electronics
equipment. This type of equipment commonly uses
vertically mounted circuit cards in cabinet racks in which
the power modules are mounted.
The following figure shows the wind tunnel
characterization setup. The power module is mounted
on a test PWB and is vertically positioned within the
wind tunnel. The height of this fan duct is constantly kept
at 25.4mm (1’’).
Thermal Derating
Heat can be removed by increasing airflow over the
module. To enhance system reliability, the power
module should always be operated below the maximum
operating temperature. If the temperature exceeds the
maximum module temperature, reliability of the unit may
be affected.
PWB
FACING PWB
MODULE
AIR VELOCITY
AND AMBIENT
TEMPERATURE
MEASURED BELOW
THE MODULE
50.8 (2.0”)
AIR FLOW
12.7 (0.5”)
25.4 (1.0”)
Note: Wind Tunnel Test Setup Figure Dimensions are in millimeters and (Inches)
Figure 43: Wind tunnel test setup
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DNM04S0A0R10(Standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity
THERMAL CURVES
Output Current(A)
@ Vin = 3.3V, Vo = 2.5V (Either Orientation)
12
10
8
Natural
Convection
6
4
2
0
60
65
70
75
80
85
Ambient Temperature (℃)
Figure 44: Temperature measurement location
* The allowed maximum hot spot temperature is defined at 125℃
Figure 47: DNM04S0A0R10 (Standard) Output current vs.
ambient temperature and air velocity@Vin=3.3V,
Vo=2.5V(Either Orientation)
DNM04S0A0R10(Standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity
Output Current(A)
@ Vin = 5V, Vo = 3.3V (Either Orientation)
12
10
DNM04S0A0R10(Standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity
Output Current(A)
@ Vin = 3.3V, Vo = 0.75V (Either Orientation)
12
Natural
10
Convection
Natural
Convection
8
6
4
2
0
8
6
4
2
0
60
65
70
75
80
85
Ambient Temperature (℃)
60
65
70
75
80
85
Ambient Temperature (℃)
Figure 45: DNM04S0A0R10 (Standard) Output current vs.
ambient temperature and air velocity@Vin=5V, Vo=3.3V(Either
Orientation)
Figure 48: DNM04S0A0R10 (Standard) Output current vs.
ambient temperature and air velocity@ Vin=3.3V,
Vo=0.75V(Either Orientation)
DNM04S0A0R10(Standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity
Output Current(A)
@ Vin = 5.0V, Vo = 0.75V (Either Orientation)
12
10
Natural
Convection
8
6
4
2
0
60
65
70
75
80
85
Ambient Temperature (℃)
Figure 46: DNM04S0A0R10(Standard) Output current vs.
ambient temperature and air velocity@Vin=5V, Vo=0.75V(Either
Orientation)
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MECHANICAL DRAWING
SMD PACKAGE (OPTIONAL)
SIP PACKAGE
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PART NUMBERING SYSTEM
DNM
04
S
0A0
R
10
P
F
D
Product
Series
Numbers of
Outputs
Output
Voltage
Package
Type
Output On/Off logic
Current
Input Voltage
Option Code
F- RoHS 6/6
(Lead Free)
DNL - 16A
DNM - 10A
DNS - 6A
04 - 2.8~5.5V
10 - 8.3~14V
S - Single
0A0 -
R - SIP
10 - 10A
N- negative
P- positive
D - Standard Function
Programmable S - SMD
MODEL LIST
Efficiency
5.0Vin, 100% load
Model Name
Packaging
Input Voltage
Output Voltage Output Current
DNM04S0A0R10PFD
DNM04S0A0R10NFD
DNM04S0A0S10PFD
DNM04S0A0S10NFD
SIP
SIP
2.8 ~ 5.5Vdc
2.8 ~ 5.5Vdc
2.8 ~ 5.5Vdc
2.8 ~ 5.5Vdc
0.75 V~ 3.3Vdc
0.75 V~ 3.3Vdc
0.75 V~ 3.3Vdc
0.75 V~ 3.3Vdc
10A
10A
10A
10A
96.0% (3.3V)
96.0% (3.3V)
96.0% (3.3V)
96.0% (3.3V)
SMD
SMD
USA:
Telephone:
East Coast: (888) 335 8201
West Coast: (888) 335 8208
Fax: (978) 656 3964
Email: [email protected]
Asia & the rest of world:
Telephone: +886 3 4526107 ext 6220
Fax: +886 3 4513485
Europe:
Phone: +41 31 998 53 11
Fax: +41 31 998 53 53
Email: [email protected]
Email: [email protected]
WARRANTY
Delta offers a two (2) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our web site or is available upon
request from Delta.
Information furnished by Delta is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Delta
for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties, which may result from its use. No license
is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Delta. Delta reserves the right to revise these
specifications at any time, without notice.
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