FEATURES
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High efficiency: 91.5% @ 28V/25A
Industry standard size and pinout:
61.0 x 116.8 x 12.7mm (2.40”x 4.60”x 0.50”)
Fixed frequency operation
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Remote sense
Input UVLO, Output OCP, OVP & OTP
Auxiliary bias power
Basic insulation
2250V isolation
ISO 9001, TL 9000, ISO 14001, QS9000,
OHSAS18001 certified manufacturing facility
UL/cUL 60950 (US & Canada) recognized, and
TUV (EN60950) certified
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CE mark meets 73/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC
directive
Delphi Series F48SA, 700W Full Brick Family
DC/DC Power Module: 48Vin, 28Vout
OPTIONS
The Delphi Series F48SA, 48V input, single output, full brick sized
isolated DC/DC converter is the latest offering from a world leader in
power systems technology and manufacturing ― Delta Electronics,
Inc. The Delphi F48SA series provides up to 700 watts of power or
up to 25A of output current. This product family operates from a wide
input range of 36V to 75V. With creative design technology and
optimization of component placement, these converters possess
outstanding electrical and thermal performance, as well as extremely
high reliability under highly stressful operating conditions. All models
are protected from abnormal input/output voltage and current
conditions, and feature 2250V input/output isolation and basic
insulation. An optional heatsink is available for extended operation.
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Heatsink for extended operation
Output current monitoring
Delayed overcurrent shutdown
Parallel operation using forced
current sharing
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APPLICATIONS
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Telecom / DataCom
Wireless Networks
Optical Network Equipment
Server and Data Storage
Industrial / Test Equipment
DATASHEET
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
95
36Vin
48Vin
75Vin
90
85
80
75
70
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
Figure 1: Efficiency vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and
Figure 2: Power dissipation vs. load current for minimum,
maximum input voltage at 25°C.
nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C.
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
For Negative Remote On/Off Logic
Figure 3: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive
Figure 4: Turn-on transient at minimum load current
load). CH3: Vout;5V/div; CH1: ON/OFF input: 5V/div
. CH3: Vout: 5V/div; CH1: ON/OFF input:5V/div
For Positive Remote On/Off Logic
Figure 5: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive
load) (10ms/div). Top Trace: Vout; 5V/div; Bottom Trace:
ON/OFF input: 2V/div
Figure 6: Turn-on transient at minimum load current
(10ms/div). Top Trace: Vout: 5V/div; Bottom Trace: ON/OFF
input: 2V/div
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
Figure 7: Output voltage response to step-change in load
current (75%-50% of Io, max; di/dt = 1A/µs). Load cap: 470µF
aluminum ,10uF Low ESR capacitor and 1µF ceramic
capacitor. Top Trace: Vout (200mV/div), Bottom Trace: Iout
(10A/div). Scope measurement should be made using a BNC
cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load
between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the
module.
Figure 8: Output voltage response to step-change in load
current (50%-75% of Io, max; di/dt = 1A/µs). Load cap: 470µF
aluminum,10uF Low ESR capacitor and 1µF ceramic capacitor.
Top Trace: Vout (200mV/div), Bottom Trace: Iout (10A/div).
Scope measurement should be made using a BNC cable
(length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51
mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module.
Figure 9: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for
Input Terminal Ripple Current and Input Reflected Ripple
Current.
Note: Measured input reflected-ripple current with a simulated
source Inductance (LTEST) of 15 μH. Capacitor Cs offset
possible battery impedance. Measure current as shown above.
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
Figure 10: Input Terminal Ripple Current, ic, at full rated output
current and nominal input voltage with 15µH source impedance
and 220µF electrolytic capacitor (1A/div).
Figure 11: Input reflected ripple current, is, through a 15µH
source inductor at nominal input voltage and rated load current
(10 mA/div)
Copper Strip
Vo(+)
SCOPE
RESISTIVE
LOAD
10u
1u
Vo(-)
Figure 12: Output voltage noise and ripple measurement test
setup
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
Figure 13: Output voltage ripple at nominal input voltage and
rated load current (100 mV/div). Load capacitance:470uF
aluminum, 1µF ceramic capacitor and 10µFlow ESR capacitor.
Bandwidth: 20 MHz. Scope measurement should be made
using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the
load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the
module.
Figure 14: Output voltage vs. load current showing typical
current limit curves and converter shutdown points.
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DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Input Source Impedance
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The input source must be insulated from the ac
mains by reinforced or double insulation.
The impedance of the input source connecting to the
DC/DC power modules will interact with the modules
and affect the stability. A low ac-impedance input source
is recommended. If the source inductance is more than
a few μH, we advise adding a 220 to 470 μF electrolytic
capacitor (ESR < 0.1 Ω at 100 kHz) mounted close to
the input of the module to improve the stability.
The input terminals of the module are not operator
accessible.
If the metal baseplate is grounded, one Vi pin and
one Vo pin shall also be grounded.
Layout and EMC Considerations
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A SELV reliability test is conducted on the system
where the module is used, in combination with the
module, to ensure that under a single fault,
hazardous voltage does not appear at the module’s
output.
Delta’s DC/DC power modules are designed to operate
in a wide variety of systems and applications. For design
assistance with EMC compliance and related PWB
layout issues, please contact Delta’s technical support
team. An external input filter module is available for
easier EMC compliance design. Application notes to
assist designers in addressing these issues are pending
release.
When installed into a Class II equipment (without
grounding), spacing consideration should be given to
the end-use installation, as the spacing between the
module and mounting surface have not been evaluated.
Safety Considerations
The power module has extra-low voltage (ELV) outputs
when all inputs are ELV.
The power module must be installed in compliance with
the spacing and separation requirements of the
end-user’s safety agency standard, i.e., UL60950,
CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-00 and EN60950:2000 and
IEC60950-1999, if the system in which the power
module is to be used must meet safety agency
requirements.
This power module is not internally fused. To achieve
optimum safety and system protection, an input line fuse
is highly recommended. The safety agencies require a
normal-blow fuse with 20A maximum rating to be
installed in the ungrounded lead. A lower rated fuse can
be used based on the maximum inrush transient energy
and maximum input current.
Basic insulation based on 75 Vdc input is provided
between the input and output of the module for the
purpose of applying insulation requirements when the
input to this DC-to-DC converter is identified as TNV-2
or SELV. An additional evaluation is needed if the
source is other than TNV-2 or SELV.
Soldering and Cleaning Considerations
Post solder cleaning is usually the final board assembly
process before the board or system undergoes electrical
testing. Inadequate cleaning and/or drying may lower the
reliability of a power module and severely affect the
finished circuit board assembly test. Adequate cleaning
and/or drying is especially important for un-encapsulated
and/or open frame type power modules. For assistance
on appropriate soldering and cleaning procedures,
please contact Delta’s technical support team.
When the input source is SELV, the power module meets
SELV (safety extra-low voltage) requirements. If the
input source is a hazardous voltage which is greater than
60 Vdc and less than or equal to 75 Vdc, for the module’s
output to meet SELV requirements, all of the following
must be met:
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Aux
FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS
Over-Current Protection
-Sense
The modules include an internal output over-current
protection circuit, which will endure current limiting for
an unlimited duration during output overload. If the
output current exceeds the OCP set point, the modules
will automatically shut down (hiccup mode).
+On/Off
-On/Off
The modules will try to restart after shutdown. If the
overload condition still exists, the module will shut down
again. This restart trial will continue until the overload
condition is corrected.
Output side on off control
Figure 15: Remote on/off implementation
Remote Sense
Over-Voltage Protection
Remote sense compensates for voltage drops on the
output by sensing the actual output voltage at the point
of load. The voltage between the remote sense pins
and the output terminals must not exceed the output
voltage sense range given here:
The modules include an internal output over-voltage
protection circuit, which monitors the voltage on the
output terminals. If this voltage exceeds the over-voltage
set point, the module will shut down and latch off. The
over-voltage latch is reset by either cycling the input
power or by toggling the on/off signal for one second.
[Vo(+) – Vo(–)] – [SENSE(+) – SENSE(–)] ≤ 10% × Vout
Over-Temperature Protection
This limit includes any increase in voltage due to
remote sense compensation and output voltage set
point adjustment (trim).
The over-temperature protection consists of circuitry
that provides protection from thermal damage. If the
temperature exceeds the over-temperature threshold
the module will shut down.
Vi(+) Vo(+)
Sense(+)
The module will try to restart after shutdown. If the
over-temperature condition still exists during restart, the
module will shut down again. This restart trial will
continue until the temperature is within specification.
Sense(-)
Vi(-) Vo(-)
Remote On/Off
Contact
Resistance
Contact and Distribution
Losses
Figure 16: Effective circuit configuration for remote sense
+Vin
operation
-Vin
If the remote sense feature is not used to regulate the
output at the point of load, please connect SENSE(+) to
Vo(+) and SENSE(–) to Vo(–) at the module.
+On/Off
-On/Off
The output voltage can be increased by both the
remote sense and the trim; however, the maximum
increase is the larger of either the remote sense or the
trim, not the sum of both.
Input side on off control
When using remote sense and trim, the output voltage
of the module is usually increased, which increases the
power output of the module with the same output
current.
Care should be taken to ensure that the maximum
output power does not exceed the maximum rated
power.
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FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.)
Output Voltage Adjustment (TRIM)
To increase or decrease the output voltage set point,
the modules may be connected with an external
resistor between the TRIM pin and either the
SENSE(+) or SENSE(-). The TRIM pin should be left
open if this feature is not used.
Figure 18: Circuit configuration for trim-up (increase output
voltage)
If the external resistor is connected between the TRIM
and SENSE (+) the output voltage set point increases
(Fig. 19). The external resistor value required to obtain
a percentage output voltage change △% is defined
as:
Figure 17: Circuit configuration for trim-down (decrease
output voltage)
If the external resistor is connected between the TRIM
and SENSE (-) pins, the output voltage set point
decreases (Fig. 18). The external resistor value
required to obtain a percentage of output voltage
change △% is defined as:
Vo⋅ 1 + Δ
1
⎡
⎣
⎤
⎦
Rt_up :=
−
− 2 ⋅kΩ
1.24⋅Δ
Δ
Ex. When Trim-up +10% (28.0V * (1+10%) = 30.8V)
1
⎛
⎝
⎞
⎠
Rt_dn :=
− 2 ⋅kΩ
28*(1+10%)
Rt_up = ------------------- － -------- －
1.24*10% 10%
1
Δ
2
=
236.39k
Ex. When Trim-down -10% ( 28V * (1 – 10%) = 25.2V )
The output voltage can be increased by both the remote
sense and the trim, however the maximum increase is
the larger of either the remote sense or the trim, not the
sum of both.
1
Rt_dn = ---------
10%
－
2
=
8k
When using remote sense and trim, the output voltage
of the module is usually increased, which increases the
power output of the module with the same output
current.
Care should be taken to ensure that the maximum
output power of the module remains at or below the
maximum rated power.
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THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS
Thermal management is an important part of the system
design. To ensure proper, reliable operation, sufficient
cooling of the power module is needed over the entire
temperature range of the module. Convection cooling is
usually the dominant mode of heat transfer.
Thermal Derating
Heat can be removed by increasing airflow over the module.
The module’s maximum case temperature is 95℃. To
enhance system reliability, the power module should always
be operated below the maximum operating temperature. If
the temperature exceeds the maximum module
temperature, reliability of the unit may be affected.
Hence, the choice of equipment to characterize the
thermal performance of the power module is a wind
tunnel.
THERMAL CURVES
Thermal Testing Setup
Delta’s DC/DC power modules are characterized in
heated vertical wind tunnels that simulate the thermal
environments encountered in most electronics
equipment. This type of equipment commonly uses
vertically mounted circuit cards in cabinet racks in which
the power modules are mounted.
The following figure shows the wind tunnel
characterization setup. The power module is mounted
on a test PWB and is vertically positioned within the
wind tunnel. The space between the neighboring PWB
and the top of the power module is constantly kept at
6.35mm (0.25’’).
Figure 20: Temperature measurement location viewed from the
IMS side
The allowed maximum hot spot temperature is defined at 95℃
F48SA28025(Standard) Output Power vs. Hot Spot Temperature
PWB
MODULE
FACING PWB
Output Power (W)
(Either Orientation)
750
700
650
600
550
500
450
400
350
AIR VELOCITY
AND AMBIENT
TEMPERATURE
MEASURED BELOW
THE MODULE
50.8 (2.0”)
12.7 (0.5”)
AIR FLOW
25
35
45
55
65
75
85
95
Hot spot Temperature(℃)
Note: Wind Tunnel Test Setup Figure Dimensions are in millimeters and (Inches)
Figure 19: Wind tunnel test setup
Figure 21: Output power vs. hot spot temperature (Either
Orientation)
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MECHANICAL DRAWING
Pin No.
Name
Function
1
2
-Vin
+Vin
Negative input voltage
Positive input voltage
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
-ON/OFF
+ON/OFF
+Vout
+Vout
+Vout
-Vout
Negative Remote ON/OFF
Positive Remote ON/OFF
Positive output voltage
Positive output voltage
Positive output voltage
Negative output voltage
Negative output voltage
Negative output voltage
-Vout
-Vout
Pin Specification:
Pins 3-4, 11-16
Pins 1-2, 6-10
1.00mm (0.040”) diameter
2.00mm (0.079”) diameter
All pins are copper with Tin plating.
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PART NUMBERING SYSTEM
F
48
S
A
280
25
P
R
F
A
Form
Input Number of Product
Output
Voltage Current
Output ON/OFF
Logic
Pin
Length
Option Code
Factor Voltage Outputs
Series
F- RoHS 6/6
F- Full Brick
48V
S- Single
A- Advanced
280- 28V
25- 25A
P- Positive R- 0.170”
A - Standard
Functions
(Lead Free)
Space - RoHS 5/6 B - No thread in
heatsink mounting
hole
MODEL LIST
MODEL NAME
INPUT
OUTPUT
EFF @ 100% LOAD
F48SA28025PRFA
36V~75V
21.4A
28V
25A
91.5 %
For different remote on/off logic and pin length options, please contact Delta local sales
USA:
Telephone:
East Coast: (888) 335 8201
West Coast: (888) 335 8208
Fax: (978) 656 3964
Email: [email protected]
Europe:
Asia & the rest of world:
Telephone: +886 3 4526107 ext 6220
Fax: +886 3 4513485
Phone: +41 31 998 53 11
Fax: +41 31 998 53 53
Email: [email protected]
Email: [email protected]
WARRANTY
Delta offers a two (2) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our web site or is available upon
request from Delta.
Information furnished by Delta is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Delta for its
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties, which may result from its use. No license is granted
by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Delta. Delta reserves the right to revise these specifications
at any time, without notice.
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