USER’S MANUAL
AXIS M32 Series
AXIS M3203 Fixed Dome Network Camera
AXIS M3203-V Fixed Dome Network Camera
AXIS M3204 Fixed Dome Network Camera
AXIS M3204-V Fixed Dome Network Camera
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AXIS M32 Series - Table of contents
Contents
Key features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Access from a browser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Setting the root password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Access from the internet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
How to stream H.264 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Motion JPEG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Alternative methods of accessing the video stream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Video Stream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Stream Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Overlay Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Privacy mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Pan Tilt Zoom (PTZ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Preset Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Guard Tour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Advanced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Event Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Event Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Security - Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Date & Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
LED Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Checking the Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Upgrading the Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Technical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
General performance considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Glossary of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
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AXIS M32 Series
Product overview
This manual applies to the AXIS M3203/AXIS M3203-V and AXIS M3204/AXIS M3204-V Fixed Dome Network Cameras. The
information provided here applies to all models, except where otherwise indicated.
AXIS M3203
• Tamper-resistant casing
• SVGA resolution
AXIS M3203-V • Vandal-resistant casing
• SVGA resolution
AXIS M3204
• Tamper-resistant casing
• Megapixel and HDTV resolution
AXIS M3204-V • Vandal-resistant casing
• Megapixel and HDTV resolution
Key features
•
Superior image quality
AXIS M32 Series offers superior image quality with progressive scan and wide dynamics, providing crisp and clear images
of both illuminated and dark areas.
•
Multiple H.264 streams
AXIS M32 Series can provide several independent H.264 streams for different quality needs and bandwidth constraints;
e.g. live viewing in highest quality and full frame rate simultaneously with a video stream configured for optimized stor-
age, optionally at a lower resolution or frame rate, or a higher compression level. Motion JPEG images can simultaneously
be provided in full frame rate for easy extraction of high-quality still images.
•
•
•
•
Unobtrusive and compact design
The AXIS M32 Series comprises fixed domes specifically adapted for unobtrusive video surveillance in exposed indoor
environments.
Intelligent video capabilities
AXIS M32 Series Network Camera offers intelligent capabilities such as enhanced video motion detection, and detection
of camera tampering attempts like blocking or spray-painting.
Megapixel Resolution (AXIS M3204/AXIS M3204-V)
The AXIS M3204/AXIS M3204-V Network Camera offers superior image quality in megapixel resolution with progressive
scan, providing crisp and clear images of both illuminated and dark areas.
PoE (Power over Ethernet)
AXIS M32 Series Network Camera can be powered through PoE, which simplifies installation since only one cable is
needed for carrying power, as well as video controls.
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AXIS M32 Series
Overview
16mm cable conduit
(not supplied) fitted
to M32 series
Cover plates
Control button
Product ID & Serial number (S/N).
The serial number may be
required during the installation.
Power
indicator LED
connector
Network
Network indicator
LED
Status indicator LED
Dimensions
HxWxD = 94 x 144 x 132mm (3.7" x 5.7" x 5.2")
AXIS M3203, AXIS M3204: 425 g (0.94 lb)
AXIS M3203-V, AXIS M3204-V: 580 g (1.28 lb)
Network Connector - The camera connects to the network via a standard network connector. Supporting NWay, the camera
detects the speed of the local network segment (10BaseT/100BaseTX Ethernet). Supporting PoE (Power over Ethernet), the
camera can be powered directly from the network cabling.
Serial Number Label - the serial number may be required during installation.
Control Button - press this button until the status LED blinks green to install the camera using an AVHS service (see page
29), or the AXIS Internet Dynamic DNS Service described on page 30. To restore the factory default settings using the control
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AXIS M32 Series
LED indicators
LED
Color
Green
Amber
Unlit
Description
Network
Steady for connection to 100 Mbit/s network. Flashes for network activity.
Steady for connection to 10 Mbit/s network. Flashes for network activity.
No connection.
Status
Power
Green
Shows steady green for normal operation.
Note: The Status LED can be configured to be unlit during normal operation, or to flash
only when the camera is accessed. See the online help files for more information. Go to
Setup > System Options > LED settings
Amber
Red
Steady during startup, reset to factory default or when restoring settings.
Slow flash for failed upgrade.
Green
Amber
Normal operation.
Flashes green/amber during firmware upgrade.
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AXIS M32 Series
Accessing the Camera
Refer to the installation guide supplied with your product in order to install the AXIS M32 Series network camera.
This network camera can be used with most standard operating systems and browsers. The recommended browser is Microsoft
Internet Explorer with Windows, Safari with Macintosh and Firefox with other operating systems. See Technical Specifications,
Notes:
•
To view streaming video in Microsoft Internet Explorer, set your browser to allow ActiveX controls and install AXIS
Media Control (AMC) on your workstation.
TM
•
•
QuickTime is also supported for viewing streaming H.264 video.
If your computer restricts the use of additional software components, the camera can be configured to use a Java
applet for viewing Motion JPEG.
•
The network camera includes one (1) decoder license for viewing H.264 video streams. This is automatically installed
with AMC. The administrator can disable the installation of the H.264 decoder, to prevent installation of unlicensed
copies.
Access from a browser
1. Start a browser (Internet Explorer, Firefox).
2. Enter the IP address or host name of the camera in the Location/Address field of your browser.
To access the camera from a Macintosh computer (Mac OSX), click on the Bonjour tab and select the AXIS M32
Series network camera from the drop-down list.
3. If this is the first time you are accessing the camera, see Access from the internet, on page 8. Otherwise enter the
user name and password, set by the administrator.
4. The camera’s Live View page appears in your browser.
Note:
The layout of the Live View page may have been customized to specific requirements. Consequently, some of the exam-
ples and functions featured here may differ from those displayed on your own Live View page.
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AXIS M32 Series
Setting the root password
1. When accessing the camera for the first time, the
‘Configure Root Password’ dialog appears.
2. Enter a password and re-enter to confirm. Click OK.
3. The ‘Enter Network Password’ dialog appears. Enter
the User name: root
4. Enter the password set in step 2, and click OK. If the
password is lost, the camera must be reset to the
factory default settings. See page 35.
Notes:
•
The default administrator user name ‘root’ is permanent
and cannot be deleted.
•
While setting the root password, click Yes to install the
AXIS Media Control (AMC), if you are prompted to. You
will need administrator rights on the computer to do
this.
Access from the internet
Once connected, the camera is accessible on your local network (LAN). To access the camera from the Internet you must
configure your broadband router to allow incoming data traffic to the camera. To do this, enable the NAT-traversal feature,
which will attempt to automatically configure the router to allow access to the camera. This is enabled from Setup > System
Options > Network > TCP/IP Advanced.
For more information, please see NAT traversal (port mapping) for IPv4, on page 30. See also the AXIS Internet Dynamic DNS
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AXIS M32 Series
Setting the root password over a secure connection
To gain access to the product, the password for the default administrator user root must be set. This is done in the ‘Configure
Root Password’ dialog, which is displayed when the network camera is accessed for the first time.
To prevent network eavesdropping when setting the root password, this can be done via an encrypted HTTPS connection,
which requires an HTTPS certificate (see note below).
To set the password via a standard HTTP connection, enter it directly in the first dialog shown below.
To set the password via an encrypted HTTPS connection, follow these steps:
1. Click the Create self-signed certificate button.
2. Provide the requested information and click OK. The certificate is created and the password can now be set
securely. All traffic to and from the network camera is encrypted from this point on.
3. Enter a password and then re-enter it to confirm the spelling. Click OK. The password has now been configured.
To create an HTTPS connection,
start by clicking this button.
To configure the password
directly via an unencrypted
connection, enter the password here.
Note:
HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol over SSL) is a protocol used to encrypt the traffic between web browsers and servers.
The HTTPS certificate controls the encrypted exchange of information.
The default administrator user root cannot be deleted.
If the password for root is lost, the network camera must be reset to the factory default settings. See page 35.
Adjusting the image
Open the Live View page in the web interface and make the following
Locking screw
adjustments on the camera.
1. Loosen the locking screw and tilt adjustment screws.
2. Turn the lens to the desired position.
Image balance ring
3. Gently tighten the locking screw and tilt adjustment screws to
secure the camera’s position.
Tilt adjustment
screw
(on each side)
Zoom puller
Focus puller
4. Turn the image balance ring to set the horizontal position.
5. To set the focus and zoom, loosen the zoom and focus pullers
counter clockwise and rotate the rings. Lock the focus and zoom
pullers in position by rotating the screws clockwise.
Note:
Due to the dome's tendency to refract light, the image might appear slightly out of focus once the dome has been
mounted. To compensate, focus on an object slightly closer than the intended area.
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AXIS M32 Series
The Live View page
How you customize the Live View page determines which buttons are visible. Not all the buttons described below show up
unless configured to do so.
The Stream Profile drop-down list allows you to select a customized or pre-programmed stream profile on the Live View
page. Stream profiles are configured under Video > Stream Profiles, see Stream Profiles, on page 14 for more information.
The Snapshot button saves a snapshot of the video image on display. Right-click on the video image to save it in JPEG
format on your computer. This button is primarily intended for use when the AMC viewer toolbar is not available.
AXIS Media Control
The AMC viewer toolbar (AXIS Media Control) is available in Microsoft Internet Explorer only. See AXIS Media Control
The Play button connects to the Axis product and starts playing a media stream.
The Stop button stops the video stream being played.
The Snapshot button takes a snapshot of the current image. The location where the image is saved can be
specified in the AMC Control Panel.
Click the View Full Screen button and the video image will fill the entire screen. Press Esc (Escape) on the
computer keyboard to cancel full screen view.
The Record button is used to record the current video stream. The location where the recording is saved can
be specified in the AMC Control Panel.
Pan/Tilt/Zoom controls
The following controls are available if digital PTZ is enabled, see Pan Tilt Zoom (PTZ), on page 19. The administrator can enable
and disable the controls for specific users under System Options > Security > Users > User List.
Click the Emulate joystick mode button and click in the image to move the camera view in the direction of the
mouse pointer.
Click the Center mode button and click on a position in the image to center the camera view on that position.
Pan, Tilt and Zoom bars — Clicking a position directly on the bar moves the camera view directly to the new posi-
tion in one smooth movement. Clicking on the arrows at the ends of a bar causes an incremental change. Clicking
Zoom out to overview image will set the camera to the minimum zoom position. In this position, the camera
cannot pan or tilt.
Click the Ctrl panel button to open the PTZ control panel which provides additional PTZ controls.
User-defined buttons can also appear in the Control panel, see Advanced, on page 23.
Click the Home button to steer the camera to the Home position. The Home position is defined under
PTZ> Preset Positions in the web interface.
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AXIS M32 Series
Video Streams
The network camera provides several image and video stream formats. Your requirements and the properties of your network
determine which type you use.
The Live View page in the network camera provides access to H.264 and Motion JPEG video streams, and to the list of
available stream profiles. Other applications and clients can also access these video streams/images directly, without going via
the Live View page.
How to stream H.264
This video compression standard makes good use of bandwidth, and can transmit high quality video streams at low
bandwidth.
Deciding which combination of protocols and methods to use depends on your viewing requirements, and on the properties of
your network. The available options in AMC are:
Unicast RTP
This unicast method (RTP over UDP) should be
your first consideration for live unicast video,
especially when it is important to always have an
up-to-date video stream, even if some images are
dropped.
Unicasting is used for video-on-demand broadcasting,
so that there is no video traffic on the network until a
client connects and requests the stream.
RTP over RTSP
This unicast method (RTP tunneled over RTSP) is
useful as it is relatively simple to configure fire-
walls to allow RTSP traffic.
Note that there are a maximum of 20 simultaneous
unicast connections.
RTP over RTSP over HTTP
This unicast method can be used to traverse fire-
walls. Firewalls are commonly configured to allow
the HTTP protocol, thus allowing RTP to be tun-
neled.
Multicast RTP
This method (RTP over UDP) should be used for live multicast video. The video stream is always up-to-date,
even if some images are dropped.
Multicasting provides the most efficient usage of bandwidth when there are large numbers of clients viewing
simultaneously. A multicast broadcast cannot however, pass a network router unless the router is configured
to allow this. It is not possible to multicast over the Internet, for example.
Note also that all multicast viewers count as one unicast viewer in the maximum total of 20 simultaneous
connections.
AMC negotiates with the camera to determine the transport protocol to use in the order listed above. This order can be
changed and the options disabled, to suit specific requirements.
Important!
H.264 is licensed technology. The network camera includes one viewing client license. Installing additional unlicensed
copies of the viewing client is prohibited. To purchase additional licenses, contact your Axis reseller.
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AXIS M32 Series
AXIS Media Control (AMC)
The recommended method of accessing live video from the network
camera is to use the AXIS Media Control (AMC) in Microsoft Internet
Explorer in Windows.
The AMC control panel can be used to configure various video and audio
settings. Please see the readme file included in the tool for more
information.
The AMC control panel is automatically installed on first use, after which
it can be configured. Open the AMC Control Panel from:
•
•
Windows Control Panel (from the Start menu)
Alternatively, right-click the video image in Internet Explorer and
click Settings to access the AMC window.
Note:
AXIS M32 Series network cameras do not support audio.
Motion JPEG
This format uses standard JPEG still images for the video stream. These images are then displayed and updated at a rate
sufficient to create a stream that shows constantly updated motion.
The Motion JPEG stream uses considerable amounts of bandwidth, but provides excellent image quality and access to every
image contained in the stream. The recommended method of accessing Motion JPEG live video from the network camera is to
use the AXIS Media Control (AMC) in Microsoft Internet Explorer in Windows.
Alternative methods of accessing the video stream
Video/images from the network camera can also be accessed in the following ways:
•
Motion JPEG server push (if supported by the client, Firefox, for example). This option maintains an open HTTP connection
to the browser and sends data as and when required, for as long as required.
•
•
Windows Media Player. This requires AMC and the H.264 viewing client to be installed. The paths that can be used are
listed below in the order of preference:
•
•
•
•
Unicast via RTP: axrtpu://<ip>/axis-media/media.amp
Unicast via RTSP: axrtsp://<ip>/axis-media/media.amp
Multicast: axrtpm://<ip>/axis-media/media.amp
•
To access the video stream from QuickTime™ the following paths can be used:
•
•
rtsp://<ip>/axis-media/media.amp
rtsp://<ip>/axis-media/media.3gp
Notes:
•
•
•
The network camera supports QuickTime 6.5.1 and later
QuickTime adds latency to the video stream (up to 3 seconds)
It may be possible to use other players to view the H.264 stream using the paths above, although Axis does not
guarantee this
<ip> = IP address
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AXIS M32 Series
Video settings
This section describes how to configure the camera, and is intended for product Administrators, who have unrestricted access
to all the configuration menus accessed through the Setup link at the top right-hand corner of the Live View page; and
Operators, who have access to the settings for Basic Setup, Video and Events. Click
on this page to access the online
help that explains the setup tools.
Video Stream
The video stream settings are separated into 3 different
tabs:
•
•
•
Image
H.264
MJPEG
Image
Image Appearance
Use these settings to modify the image resolution and
compression. Setting the compression level affects the
image quality and the amount of bandwidth required,
the lower the compression, the higher the image quality
with higher bandwidth requirements. The image can also
be mirrored (reversed) and rotated.
See the online help files
for more information.
Video Stream
To avoid bandwidth problems on the network, the frame rate allowed to each viewer can be limited. Select the Unlimited
radio button to allow the highest available frame rate or select the Limited to... radio button and enter a value (1-30) fps in
the field.
Overlay Settings
Use these settings to include an text, date, and time as overlay.
Text, date & time overlay
Click
for information on available options.
Preview
For a preview of the image before saving, select video format
and Open. When satisfied with the settings, click Save.
H.264
GOV Settings
The GOV structure describes the composition of the video
stream and setting the GOV-length to a higher value saves
considerably on bandwidth but may have an adverse effect on
image quality.
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AXIS M32 Series
Bit Rate Control
The bit rate can be set as Variable Bit Rate (VBR) or Constant Bit Rate (CBR). VBR adjusts the bit rate according to the image
complexity, using up bandwidth for increased activity in the image, and less for lower activity in the monitored area.
CBR allows you to set a fixed Target bit rate that consumes a predictable amount of bandwidth. As the bit rate would usually
need to increase for increased image activity, but in this case cannot, the frame rate and image quality are affected
negatively. To partly compensate for this, it is possible to prioritize either the frame rate or the image quality whenever the bit
rate needs to be increased. Not setting a priority means the frame rate and image quality are equally affected.
Note:
To determine a reasonable bit rate, go to Setup > Video > Video Stream > Image, check the Include checkbox and enter
the code #b in the Include text: field. The current bit rate is displayed as a text overlay on the Live View page.
To view the image stream while configuring the GOV settings and Bit rate control, select Open... under Preview.
MJPEG
Sometimes the image size is large due to low light or complex scenery. Adjusting the maximum frame size helps to control the
bandwidth and storage used by the Motion JPEG video stream in these situations. Defining the frame size as Default provides
consistently good image quality at the expense of increased bandwidth and storage usage during low light. Limiting the frame
size optimizes bandwidth and storage usage, but may give poor image quality. To prevent increased bandwidth and storage
usage, the maximum frame size should be set to an optimal value.
Stream Profiles
There are 4 pre-programmed stream profiles available for quick set-up. These settings can be adjusted and new customized
profiles can be created. Each profile has a descriptive name, describing its usage and/or purpose. The profiles can be accessed
from the Live View page.
•
To add a new stream profile, click Add to bring up the Stream Profile Settings panel.
Choose a descriptive name and enter a description for your profile.
Choose the form of Video encoding you wish to use from the drop-down list:
H.264 - Also known as MPEG-4 Part 10. This is the new generation compression standard for digital video. This function
offers higher video resolution than Motion JPEG or MPEG-4 at the same bit rate and bandwidth, or the same quality
video at a lower bit rate.
Motion JPEG - Delivers a high quality video stream, from which individual images can be extracted and saved.
•
•
Copy an existing stream profile to your system and rename the copy
Modify an existing stream profile based on the light situation and motion to be captured by your camera. See Stream Pro-
file Settings for more information.
•
Highlight the stream profile you wish to remove, then click Remove to remove it from the list.
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AXIS M32 Series
Camera Settings
This page provides access to the advanced image settings for
the AXIS M32 Series.
Image Appearance
Color level - Select an appropriate level by entering a value in
the range 0-100. Lower values mean less color saturation,
the value 100 gives maximum color saturation.
Brightness - The image brightness can be adjusted in the
range 0-100, where a higher value produces a brighter
image.
Sharpness - Controls the amount of sharpening applied to the
image.
Contrast - Adjust the image's contrast by raising or lowering the value in this field.
White balance
This is used to compensate for the different colors present in different light sources, to make the colors in the image appear
the same. The AXIS M32 Series network camera can be set to automatically identify the light source and compensate for its
color. Alternatively, the type of light source can be manually selected from the drop-down list. Please see the online help files
for a description of each available setting.
Exposure Settings
Configure the exposure settings to suit the image quality requirements in relation to lighting, frame rate and bandwidth
considerations.
Exposure value - Use this slidebar to fine tune the exposure.
Exposure control - This setting is used to remove 50/60 Hz flicker.
Enable Backlight compensation - Backlight compensation makes the subject appear clearer when the image background is
too bright, or the subject too dark.
Exposure zones - this setting determines which part of the image is used to calculate the exposure.
Exposure priority - this setting defines the balance between image quality and the frame rate. Higher image quality may
reduce frame rate and increase motion blur. Prioritized frame rate may increase image noise. This setting is only useful
for modifying the video image of a monitored area with poor lighting conditions.
Once satisfied, click Save. Click View to view the video stream with the current configuration.
Overlay Image
The following options are available for the overlay image settings:
Uploaded image as overlay is a text and/or a static image superimposed over the video image. To upload an image to the
camera, e.g. a logotype, browse to the image on the computer and click Upload.
To place the overlay image at specific coordinates in the live view image, check Include overlay image at the coordinates and
enter the X and Y coordinates.
Once satisfied, click Save. Click View to view the overlay image in the video stream.
Privacy mask
Privacy masks are up to 3 configurable areas of solid color that allow concealment of parts of the image that are not to be
viewable. Privacy masks cannot even be bypassed via the VAPIX® Application Programming Interface (API).
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AXIS M32 Series
Privacy Mask List - The Privacy Mask List shows all the masks that are currently configured in the AXIS M32 Series Network
Camera and if they are enabled.
Add/Edit Mask - To define a new mask:
1. Click Add.
1. Place the rectangle over the desired area to conceal.
2. To resize, click and pull the bottom right-hand corner.
3. Choose a color, black, white, gray or red for the box from the drop-down list Privacy mask color
4. Enter a descriptive name in Mask name.
5. Click Save.
To edit a privacy mask, select it and reshape, move or change color as needed.
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AXIS M32 Series
Live View Config
Layout
Stream Profile
From the Stream Profile drop-down list, select the stream profile that is to be used for the Live View page. Listed are the
standard stream profiles as well as the ones created under Video > Stream Profiles. See the online help files
on this page
for more information.
Default Viewer
From the drop-down lists, select the default method for viewing video images for your browser. The camera attempts to show
the video images in the selected video format and viewer. If this is not possible, the camera overrides the settings and selects
the best available combination.
Browser
Viewer
Description
AMC
Recommended viewer in Windows Internet Explorer (H.264/Motion JPEG).
H.264 only.
QuickTime
Java applet
A slower imaging alternative to AMC. Requires one of the following installed on the client:
Windows
Internet Explorer
•
•
JVM (J2SE) 1.4.2 or higher
JRE (J2SE) 5.0 or higher
Still image
Server Push
QuickTime
Java applet
Still image
Displays still images only. Hit the Refresh button in your browser to view a new image.
Recommended viewer for other browsers (Motion JPEG).
H.264 only.
Other browsers
A slower imaging alternative to Server Push (Motion JPEG only).
Displays still images only. Hit the Refresh button in your browser to view a new image.
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AXIS M32 Series
Viewer Settings
Select the Show viewer toolbar box option to enable the AXIS Media Control (AMC) or the QuickTime viewer toolbar under
the video image in your browser.
The administrator can disable the installation of the H.264 decoder included with AMC. This is used to prevent the
installation of unlicensed copies. Further decoder licenses can be purchased from your Axis dealer.
The Show crosshair in PTZ joystick mode option shows a cross that indicates the center of the image when viewing the video
stream in PTZ joystick mode.
The Use PTZ joystick mode as default option sets the PTZ mode to joystick. The mode can be changed temporarily on the PTZ
Control Panel, but will default to joystick if this is selected.
Select the Enable recording button option to enable recording from the Live View page.
Action Buttons
The Show manual trigger button can be used to manually trigger and stop an event from the Live View page. See Event
Check the Show snapshot button to save a snapshot from the video stream. This button is mainly intended for use with
browsers other than Internet Explorer, or when not using AXIS Media Control (AMC) to view the video stream. AMC for
Internet Explorer provides its own snapshot button.
User Defined Links
User defined links can be CGI links or web links. Once
configured, the link(s) appear on the Live View page.
To set up a web link, select the Use as web link radio
button, enter a descriptive name and enter the URL in the
provided field. Click Save and the link appears in the Live
View page.
User defined CGI links can be used to issue VAPIX API
requests.
For more information on the VAPIX Application
Programming Interface (API), see the Support/Network
Video/Developer pages on the Axis Web site at
Please use the online help files
for more information.
user defined link
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AXIS M32 Series - Pan Tilt Zoom (PTZ)
Pan Tilt Zoom (PTZ)
In the Pan Tilt Zoom Settings page you can enable digital PTZ and create the PTZ preset positions.
Check the Enable digital PTZ box and click Save to enable digital pan/tilt/zoom and PTZ controls in Live View.
Max zoom - Set the maximum possible zoom rate in Live View. Note that by increasing the maximum zoom rate you will be
decreasing the maximum possible resolution in the Live View Image.
Preset Positions
A preset position is a pre-defined camera
view that can be used to quickly steer the
camera to a specific location.
From Preset Position Setup, use the Pan,
Tilt and Zoom (PTZ) controls to steer the
camera view to the required position.
When satisfied with the camera's position,
enter a descriptive name and click Add.
The camera position, iris and focus
settings are then saved as a preset
position.
The position can be assumed at any time
by selecting the preset's name from the
PTZ Preset drop-down list in the Live
View page. Preset positions can be
selected from the Live View page, Event Types, and Guard Tour.
One position can be set as the Home position, which is readily accessible by clicking the Home button in both the Preset
Positions page and the Live View page. The position's name will have (H) added, for example, Entrance (H).
The network camera can also be configured to return to the Home position when the camera has been inactive for a specified
length of time. Enter the length of time in the field Return to home after and click Save. Setting the time to zero prevents the
camera from automatically returning to the Home position.
Guard Tour
A guard tour displays the video stream from different preset positions, one-by-one, in a pre-determined order or randomly,
and for configurable time periods. The guard tour will keep running after the user has logged off or closed the browser.
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AXIS M32 Series - Pan Tilt Zoom (PTZ)
Note:
The pause between guard tour runs must be set to at least 10 minutes.
Advanced
Controls
Panel Shortcut Command Buttons can be configured to provide direct access to commands issued
via the VAPIX® Application Programming Interface. The buttons will be displayed in the PTZ control
panel, which is available on the Live View page by clicking the Ctrl panel button.
Enable/Disable controls – Leave the box options unselected to disable the pan, tilt, zoom, focus and iris controls.
Note:
Disabling PTZ controls will affect preset positions. For example, if the tilt control is disabled, the camera cannot move
to preset positions that require a tilt movement.
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AXIS M32 Series
Event Configuration
An event or Event Type in the camera triggers actions when activated. This section describes how to configure the camera to
perform certain actions when events occur.
Definitions
Event type
A set of parameters describing how and when the camera performs certain actions
An event that is started by some sort of signal, for example, an external device such as a door
switch, motion detection, or system event.
Triggered Event - see page 22
This occurs when the event runs, for example, uploading of images to an FTP server, or email notifi-
cation.
Action
Event Servers
Event Servers are used to receive uploaded image files and/or notification messages. To set up Event Server connections in
your camera, go to Setup > Event Configuration > Event Servers and enter the required information for the required server
type.
Server type
Purpose
Information required
•
Receives uploaded images
•
•
•
Descriptive name of your choice
Network address (IP address or host name)
User Name and Password
FTP Server
•
•
Receives notification messages
Receives uploaded images
•
•
•
Descriptive name of your choice
URL (IP address or host name)
User Name and Password
HTTP Server
TCP Server
•
Receives notification messages
•
•
•
Descriptive name of your choice
Network address (IP address or host name)
Port number
For details on each setting, see the online help
available from each web page. When the setup is complete, the
connection can be tested by clicking the Test button (the connection test takes approximately 10 seconds).
Event Types
An Event Type describes how and when the camera performs certain actions.
Example: If somebody passes in front of a camera and an event has been configured to detect and respond to motion,
the camera can record and saves images to an FTP server, and can send a notification e-mail to an e-mail address. Images
can be sent as e-mail attachments.
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AXIS M32 Series
Triggered Event
A triggered event could be activated by:
•
•
•
•
•
•
a manually activated action, such as from an action button in the web interface
detected movement in a configured motion detection window
sound at a certain decibel level
on restart (reboot), after power loss
camera tampering
an application that has been uploaded to the network camera.
How to set up a triggered event
The following example describes how to set up the camera to upload images when the main door is opened.
1. Click Add triggered... on the Event Types page. The Triggered Event Type Setup page appears.
2. Enter a descriptive Name for the event, such as Main door open.
3. Set the Priority - High, Normal or Low (see the online help).
4. Set the Respond to Trigger... parameters to define when the event is active, for example, after office hours.
5. Select the trigger alternative from the Triggered by... drop-down list. For example, select Input ports, for a sensor
connected to the door.
6. Set the When Triggered... parameters, that is, define how the camera responds if the main door is opened -
upload images to an FTP server or send an e-mail notification.
7. Click OK to save the event in the Event Types list.
Please see the online help
for descriptions of each available option.
Note:
Up to 10 event types can be configured in the camera, and up to three of these can be configured to upload images. File
names can be formatted according to specific requirements. See File Naming & Date/Time Formats online help.
Pre-trigger and Post-trigger buffers
This function is very useful when checking to see what happened immediately before and/or after a trigger, for example, 30
seconds before and/or after a door was opened. Check the Save stream checkbox under Event Types > Add Triggered... >
When Triggered... to view the options. All uploaded images are JPEG images.
Include pre-trigger buffer - images stored internally in the server from the time immediately preceding the trigger. Check the
box to enable the pre-trigger buffer, enter the desired length of time and specify the required image frequency.
Include post-trigger buffer - contains images from the time immediately after the trigger. Configure as for pre-trigger.
Note:
•
•
•
Pre-trigger and Post-trigger buffers will be lost if the connection to the event server fails.
The maximum length of the pre-/post-buffer depends on the video image size and selected frame rate.
If the pre- or post-buffer is too large for the camera’s internal memory, the frame rate is reduced and individual
images may be missing. If this occurs, an entry is created in the unit's log file.
Continue image upload (unbuffered) - enables the upload of video images for a fixed length of time. Specify the length of
time for the uploaded recording, in seconds, minutes or hours, or for as long as the trigger is active. Finally, set the desired
image frequency to the maximum (the maximum available) or to a specified frame rate. The frame rate will be the best
possible, but might not be as high as specified, especially if uploading via a slow connection.
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AXIS M32 Series
Scheduled Event
A Scheduled event can be activated at preset times, in a repeating pattern on selected weekdays.
Configuration example:
1. Click Add scheduled... on the Event Types page.
2. Enter a descriptive Name for the event, such as Scheduled e-mail upload.
3. Set the Priority (High, Normal or Low).
4. Set the Activation Time parameters (24h clock) for the event - start on Sundays at 13.00 with a duration of 12
hours.
5. Set the When Activated... parameters, (what the camera would do at the specified time) for example, send
uploaded images to an e-mail address.
6. Click OK to save the Event in the Event Types list.
Please see the online help
for descriptions of each available option.
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AXIS M32 Series
Camera tampering
The camera tampering application generates an alarm whenever the camera is repositioned, or when the lens is covered,
sprayed, or severely defocused.
First, you must create an event, see How to set up a triggered event, on page 22, for the camera to send an alarm.
Settings
The Minimum duration parameter sets the minimum tampering period, that is, an alarm will not be triggered until this period
has elapsed, even if the tampering conditions are otherwise met. This can help prevent false alarms for known conditions that
affect the image.
If the camera lens is sprayed or covered so that the camera live view becomes dark, it will not be possible to distinguish this
situation from other situations where the same effect is seen, such as when lighting conditions change. When the Alarm for
dark images parameter is enabled, alarms are generated for all cases where the lights are either dimmed or turned off, or if
the lens is sprayed, covered, or rendered severely out of focus. If not enabled, no alarm is sent.
After you define these settings, click Save.
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AXIS M32 Series
Motion Detection
Motion detection is used to generate an alarm whenever movement occurs (or stops) in the video image. A total of 10 Include
and/or Exclude windows can be configured.
•
•
Included windows target specific areas within the whole video image
Excluded windows define areas within an Include window that should be ignored (areas outside Include windows are
automatically ignored).
Once configured, the motion detection windows appear in the list of available triggers, for triggering events. See How to set
Note:
Using the motion detection feature may decrease the camera’s overall performance.
Configuring Motion Detection
1. Click Motion Detection under Events.
2. Select if you want to configure Include or Exlclude windows.
3. Click New against Windows Name:.
4. Adjust the size (drag the bottom right-hand corner) and position (click on the text at the top and drag to the
desired position) of the active window.
5. Adjust the Object Size, History and Sensitivity profile sliders (see table below for details). Any detected motion
within an active window is then indicated by red peaks in the Activity window (the active window has a red
frame).
6. Click Save.
Notes:
•
•
To exclude parts of the Include window, select the Exclude option and position the Exclude window as required,
within the Include window.
Blue peaks in the Activity window are a sign of motion but they do not trigger the motion detection functionality.
Please see the online help
for descriptions of each available option.
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AXIS M32 Series
Object Size
History
Sensitivity
High level
Low level
Only very large objects
trigger motion detection
An object that appears in the region trig- Ordinary colored objects on ordinary
gers the motion detection for a long
period
backgrounds trigger the motion detection
Even very small objects
trigger motion detection
An object that appears in the region trig- Only very bright objects on a dark back-
gers motion detection for only a very
short period
ground trigger motion detection
Default value
Low
High
High
Examples:
•
Avoid triggering on small objects in the video image by setting the object size level to high.
Use several small Motion Detection windows rather than one large window, if triggers on small movements or
objects are desired.
To reduce the number of triggers if there is a lot of movement during a short period of time, select a high history
level.
•
•
•
To only detect flashing light, select low sensitivity. In other cases, a high sensitivity level is recommended.
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AXIS M32 Series
System Options
Security - Users
User access control is enabled by default. An administrator can set up other users, by giving them user names and passwords.
It is also possible to allow anonymous viewer login, which means that anybody may access the Live View page, as described
below:
The user list displays the authorized users and user groups (levels):
Viewer
Provides the lowest level of access, which only allows access to the Live View page.
Operator
An operator can view the Live View page, create and modify events, and adjust certain other
settings. Operators have no access to System Options.
Administrator An administrator has unrestricted access to the Setup tools and can determine the registration of all
other users.
The AXIS M3203/AXIS M3204 network camera supports different methods of user authentication:
HTTP Basic Authentication - This authenticates the user by requesting a user name and a password. The exchange of network
credentials is in simple base64 coding and is not encrypted.
HTTP Digest Authentication - This method also requests a user name and password, but the exchange of credentials is
encrypted, which secures it against eavesdropping.
HTTP/RTSP Password Settings - Select the type of password to allow. You may need to allow unencrypted passwords if there
are viewing clients that do not support encryption, or if you recently upgraded the firmware and the existing clients do
support encryption, but need to log in again, and be configured to use this functionality.
User Settings - Check the relevant box to enable anonymous viewer login - allows any viewer direct access to the Live View
page.
Enable Basic Setup - Before using the AXIS M32 Series Network Camera, there are certain settings that should be made,
most of which require Administrator access privileges. To quickly access these settings use the Basic Setup in the menu. All
settings are also available from the standard setup links in the menu. Basic Setup is enabled by default but can be disabled
and removed from the menu.
IP Address Filter
Enable IP Address Filtering to allow or deny access to the network camera. Once enabled, the IP addresses in the list are
allowed or denied access according to the choice made in the drop-down list Allow/Deny the following IP addresses.
The administrator can add up to 256 IP address entries to the list (a single entry can contain multiple IP addresses). The users
from these IP addresses need to be specified in the user list with the appropriate access rights. This is done from Setup >
System Options > Security > Users.
HTTPS
The network camera supports encrypted browsing using HTTPS.
A self-signed certificate can be used until a Certificate Authority-issued certificate has been obtained. Click the Create
self-signed Certificate button to install a self-signed certificate. Although self-signed certificates are free and offer some
protection, true security is only implemented after the installation of a signed certificate issued by a certificate authority.
A signed certificate can be obtained from an issuing Certificate Authority by clicking the Create Certificate Request button.
When the signed certificate is returned, click the Install signed certificate button to import the certificate. The properties of
any certificate request currently resident in the camera or installed can also be viewed by clicking the Properties... button. The
HTTPS Connection Policy must also be set in the drop-down lists to enable HTTPS in the camera. For more information, please
refer to the online help
.
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AXIS M32 Series
Date & Time
Current Server Time - displays the current date and time (24h clock). The time can be displayed in 12h clock format in the
overlay (see below).
New Server Time - select your time zone from the drop-down list. If you want the server clock to automatically adjust for
daylight savings time, select the Automatically adjust for daylight saving time changes.
From the Time Mode section, select the preferred method to use for setting the time:
•
•
•
Synchronize with computer time - sets the time from the clock on your computer.
Synchronize with NTP Server - the camera obtains the time from an NTP server every 60 minutes.
Set manually - this option allows you to manually set the time and date.
Note:
If using a host name for the NTP server, a DNS server must be configured under TCP/IP settings.
See Network > Basic TCP/IP Settings below.
Date & Time Format Used in Images - specify the formats for the date and time (12h or 24h) displayed in the video streams.
Use the predefined formats or use your own custom date and time formats. See Advanced File Naming & Date/Time Formats
in the online help
for information on how to create your own date and time formats.
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AXIS M32 Series
Network
Basic TCP/IP Settings
AXIS M32 Series support both IP version 4 and IP version 6. Both versions may be enabled simultaneously, and at least one
version must always be enabled. When using IPv4, the IP address for the camera can be set automatically via DHCP, or a static
IP address can be set manually. If IPv6 is enabled, the network camera receives an IP address according to the configuration in
the network router. There are also options for setting up notification of changes in the IP address, and for using the AXIS
Internet Dynamic DNS Service. For more information on setting the IP address, please see the online help.
Network Settings - Click the View button for an overview of the IP configuration of the network camera.
IPv4 Address Configuration - Check this box to enable IPv4.
Obtain IP address via DHCP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a protocol that lets network administrators
centrally manage and automate the assignment of IP addresses on a network. DHCP is enabled by default. Although a DHCP
server is mostly used to set an IP address dynamically, it is also possible to use it to set a static, known IP address for a
particular MAC address.
Note:
DHCP should only be enabled if your DHCP server can update a DNS server, which then allows you to access the AXIS
M32 Series Network Camera by name (host name). If DHCP is enabled and you cannot access the unit, run AXIS IP Utility
to search the network for connected Axis products or reset the network camera to factory default settings and then per-
form the installation again.
Use the following IP address - To use a static IP address for the AXIS M32 Series Network Camera, check the radio button
and then make the following settings:
•
IP address - Specify a unique IP address for your AXIS M32 Series Network Camera. (To check if the IP address you intend
to use is available or not, click the Test button)
•
•
Subnet mask - Specify the mask for the subnet the AXIS M32 Series Network Camera is located on
Default router - Specify the IP address of the default router (gateway) used for connecting devices attached to different
networks and network segments.
IPv6 Address Configuration - Check the box to enable IPv6. Other settings for IPv6 are configured in the network router.
Services - Enable ARP/Ping setting of IP address - The IP address can be set using the ARP/Ping method, which associates
the unit's MAC address with an IP address. Check this box to enable the service. Leave disabled to prevent unintentional
resetting of the IP address.
Notes:
•
The ARP/Ping service is automatically disabled two minutes after the unit is started, or as soon as an IP address is set.
In order to reset the IP address, the camera must be restarted to activate ARP/Ping for an additional two minutes.
Pinging the unit is still possible when this service is disabled.
•
Axis Video Hosting System (AVHS)
AVHS used in conjunction with an AVHS service, provides easy and secure Internet access to live and recorded video accessible
Enable AVHS - Enabled by default, if AVHS is not to be used this option can be disabled.
One-click enabled - Press the camera’s control button (see Overview, on page 5) to connect to an AVHS service over the
Internet. Once registered, Always is enabled and the camera stays connected to the AVHS service. If the camera isn’t
registered within 24 hours after the button is pressed, the camera will disconnect from the AVHS service.
Always - The camera will constantly attempt to connect to the AVHS service over the Internet. Once registered the camera
will stay connected to the service. This option can be used when the camera is already installed and it is not convenient to use
the one-click installation.
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AXIS M32 Series
AXIS Internet Dynamic DNS Service
Enable this option to use the AXIS Internet Dynamic DNS service to assign a host name for easy access to your network
camera (requires Internet access).
Click Settings... to register the camera with the Axis Internet Dynamic DNS service, or to modify the existing settings (requires
access to the Internet). The domain name currently registered at the Axis Internet Dynamic DNS service for your product can
at any time be removed.
Advanced TCP/IP Settings
DNS Configuration - DNS (Domain Name Service) provides the translation of host names to IP addresses on your network.
Obtain DNS server address via DHCP - automatically use the DNS server settings provided by the DHCP server. Click the View
button to see the current settings.
Use the following DNS server address - enter the desired DNS server by specifying the following:
Domain name - enter the domain(s) to search for the host name used by the network camera. Multiple domains can be
separated by semicolons (;). The host name is always the first part of a Fully Qualified Domain Name, for example, myserver is
the host name in the Fully Qualified Domain Name myserver.mycompany.com where mycompany.com is the Domain name.
DNS servers - enter the IP addresses of the primary, and secondary DNS servers.
Note:
This is not mandatory with regard to secondary DNS servers.
NTP Configuration - Obtain NTP server address via DHCP - check this radio button to automatically look up and use the NTP
server settings as provided by DHCP. Click the View button to see the current settings.
Use the following NTP server address - to create manual settings, check this radio button and enter the host name or IP
address of the NTP server.
Host Name Configuration - The network camera can be accessed using a host name, instead of an IP address. The host name
is usually the same as the assigned DNS Name.
Link-Local IPv4 Address - This is enabled by default and assigns the network camera an additional IP address for use with
UPnP™. The camera can have both a Link-Local IP and a static/DHCP-supplied IP address at the same time - these will not
affect each other.
HTTP and HTTPS - The default HTTP/HTTPS port numbers (80 and 443 respectively) can be changed to any port within the
range 1024-65535. This is useful for simple security port mapping, for example.
NAT traversal (port mapping) for IPv4 - A broadband router allows devices on a private network (LAN) to share a single
connection to the Internet. This is done by forwarding network traffic from the private network to the “outside”, that is, the
Internet. Security on the private network (LAN) is increased since most broadband routers are pre-configured to stop attempts
to access the private network (LAN) from the public network/Internet.
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AXIS M32 Series
Use NAT traversal when your network cameras are located on an intranet (LAN) and you wish to make it available from the
other (WAN) side of a NAT router. With NAT traversal properly configured, all HTTP traffic to an external HTTP port in the NAT
router is forwarded to the camera.
LAN (intranet)
WAN (internet)
Broadband
(NAT)
router
ISP
Notes:
•
For NAT traversal to work, this must be supported by the broadband router.
•
The broadband router has many different names: “NAT router”, “Network router“, “Internet Gateway”, “Broadband
sharing device”, “ADSL modem” or “Home firewall” but the essential purpose of the device is the same.
Enable/Disable - when enabled, the network camera attempts to configure port mapping in a NAT router on your network,
using UPnP™. Note that UPnP™ must be enabled in the camera (see System Options > Network > UPnP).
Use manually selected NAT router - select this option to manually select a NAT router and enter the IP address for the router
in the field provided.
If a router is not manually specified, the network cameras automatically search for NAT routers on your network. If more than
one router is found, the default router is selected.
Alternative HTTP port - select this option to manually define an external HTTP port. Enter the port number in the field
provided. If no port is entered here a port number is automatically selected when NAT traversal is enabled.
Notes:
•
An alternative HTTP port can be used/be active even if NAT traversal is disabled. This is useful if your NAT router does
not support UPnP and you need to manually configure port forwarding in the NAT router.
If you attempt to manually enter a port that is already in use, another available port is automatically selected.
When the port is selected automatically it is displayed in this field. To change this enter a new port number and click
Save.
•
•
FTP - The FTP server running in the network cameras enables the upload of new firmware, and user applications. Check the
box to enable the service.
RTSP - The RTSP protocol allows a connecting client to start an H.264 stream. Check the box to enable the server and enter
the RTSP port number to use. The default setting is 554. Note that H.264 video streams will not be available if this service is
not enabled.
SOCKS
SOCKS is a networking proxy protocol. The Axis network camera can be configured to use a SOCKS server to reach networks
on the other side of a firewall/proxy server. This functionality is useful if the network camera is located on a local network
behind a firewall, and notifications, uploads, alarms, and such need to be sent to a destination outside the local network (such
as the Internet). See the online help
for more information.
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AXIS M32 Series
QoS (Quality of Service)
Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees a certain level of a specified resource to selected traffic on a network. Quality can be
defined as a maintained level of bandwidth, low latency, and no packet losses. The main benefits of a QoS-aware network can
be summarized as:
•
•
The ability to prioritize traffic and thus allow critical flows to be served before flows with lesser priority.
Greater reliability in the network, thanks to the control of the amount of bandwidth an application may use, and thus
control over bandwidth races between applications.
The QoS in Axis network video products marks the data packets for various types of network traffic originating from the
product. This makes it possible for network routers and switches to reserve a fixed amount of bandwidth for these types of
traffic. The network camera marks the following types of traffic:
•
•
•
video
event/alarm
management network traffic
QoS Settings - For each type of network traffic supported by your Axis network video product, enter a DSCP (Differentiated
Services Codepoint) value. This value is used to mark the traffic’s IP header. When the marked traffic reaches a network router
or switch, the DSCP value in the IP header tells the router or switch the type of treatment to apply to this type of traffic, for
example, how much bandwidth to reserve for it. Note that DSCP values can be entered in decimal or hex form, but saved
values are always shown in decimal.
SMTP (email)
Enter the host names (or IP addresses) and port numbers for your primary and secondary mail servers in the fields provided, to
enable the sending of notifications and image email messages from the camera to predefined addresses via SMTP.
If your mail server requires authentication, check the box for Use authentication to log in to this server and enter the
necessary information. See the online help
for more information.
SNMP
The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) allows remote management of network devices. Depending on the level of
security required, select the version of SNMP to use. The three levels of security are:
•
•
SNMP V1 - includes no security.
SNMP V2c - uses very simple security. The community name can be specified as a password for read or read/write access
to all supported SNMP objects. The community is the the group of network devices using SNMP.
•
SNMP V3 - provides encryption and secure passwords. HTTPS must be enabled.
Traps for SNMP v1/v2
Traps are used by the camera to send messages to a management system for important events or status changes. These
settings are used with SNMP v1/v2. To activate trap reporting, enter the IP address of the management server, and choose the
trap community to use when sending a trap message to the management system.
UPnP™
The network camera includes support for UPnP™. UPnP™ is enabled by default, and the network camera then is automatically
detected by operating systems and clients that support this protocol.
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AXIS M32 Series
RTP/H.264
These settings are the port range, IP address, port number (video), and Time-To-Live value to use for the video stream(s) in
multicast H.264 format. Only certain IP addresses and port numbers should be used for multicast streams. For more
information, please see the online help.
Bonjour
The network camera includes support for Bonjour. When enabled, the camera is automatically detected by operating systems
and clients that support this.
LED Settings
The Status indicator LED on the front of the camera can be set to flash at a configurable interval (or to not light up at all)
when the unit is accessed. For a listing of all LED behavior, see page 6, or the online help. Note that the LED does not flash
when the stream is retrieved using H.264 multicast.
Maintenance
•
•
Restart - the camera is restarted without changing any settings.
Restore - the unit is restarted and most current settings are reset to factory default values. The settings that do not reset
are:
•
•
•
•
•
the boot protocol (DHCP or static)
the static IP address
the default router
the subnet mask
the system time
•
Default - the default button should be used with caution. Pressing this returns the camera's settings to the factory
default values (including the IP address).
Support
Support Overview
The Support Overview page provides valuable information on troubleshooting and contact information, should you require
technical assistance.
System Overview
System Overview provides an overview of the camera’s status and settings. Information that can be found here includes the
camera’s firmware version, IP address, security, event and image settings and recent log items. Many of the captions are also
links to the proper Setup page to conveniently make adjustments in the camera’s settings.
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AXIS M32 Series
Logs & Reports
When contacting Axis support, please be sure to provide a valid
Server Report with your query. The Access Log is automatically
included in the server report.
Information - the Server Report and Parameter List may prove
useful when troubleshooting a problem or when contacting the Axis
support web.
•
•
System Log - Provides information about system events.
Access Log - By default, the Access Log lists all failed
attempts to access the camera but can be configured to list
all connections to the camera, whether successful or not. Go to Support > Logs & Reports > Configuration and
select the desired level of information from the list. See Configuration below for more information.
The Access Log is useful for various purposes such as tracking all access to the camera, simple web attraction tracking,
system analysis and troubleshooting.
•
•
•
Server Report - Provides information about the server status and should always be included when requesting support.
Parameter List - Shows the unit's parameters and their current settings.
Connection List - Lists all clients that are currently accessing video. It is also used for system analysis and
troubleshooting.
Configuration
From the drop-down lists, select the level of information to be added to the System Log and Access Log files and the
permitted size of the log files.
The default information level for the Access Log is set to Critical & Warnings, i.e. failed connections. However, in an error
situation and when requesting support, set it to the highest information level - Critical & Warnings & Info.
For the Log Level for Email, select from the drop-down list the level of information to send as email and enter the destination
email address.
Advanced
Scripting is an advanced function that enables you to customize and use scripts. This function is a very powerful tool.
Caution!
Improper use may cause unexpected behavior or even cause loss of contact with the unit. If a script does cause problems,
reset the unit to its factory default settings. A backup file may be of use to return the unit to its latest configuration.
Axis strongly recommends that you do not use this function unless you understand the consequences. Note that Axis
support does not provide assistance for problems with customized scripts.
Plain Config - this function is for the advanced user with experience of Axis network camera configuration. All parameters
can be set and modified from this page. Help is available from the standard help pages.
About
Here you can find basic information about your network camera. You can also view third party software licenses.
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AXIS M32 Series
Resetting to the Factory Default Settings
To reset the camera to the original factory default settings, go to the System Options > Maintenance web page (as described
in Maintenance, on page 33) or use the Control button on the side of the camera (see page 5) as described below:
Using the Control Button
To reset the camera to the factory default settings using the Control Button:
1. Disconnect the power cable or if using PoE, disconnect the network cable.
2. Press and hold the Control button while reconnecting power.
3. Keep the Control button pressed until the Status Indicator color changes to amber (this may take up to 15
seconds).
4. Release the Control button.
5. When the Status Indicator changes to green (which may take up to 1 minute), the process is complete and the
camera has been reset. The unit now has the default IP address 192.168.0.90
Note:
For other methods of setting the IP address, please refer to the product’s Installation Guide that accompanies the prod-
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AXIS M32 Series
Troubleshooting
Checking the Firmware
Firmware is software that determines the functionality of the network camera. One of your first actions when troubleshooting
a problem should be to check the current firmware version. The latest version may contain a correction that fixes your
particular problem. The current firmware version in your camera is displayed on the page Setup > Basic Setup or under
About.
Upgrading the Firmware
When you upgrade your camera with the latest firmware from the Axis Web site, your camera receives the latest functionality
available. Always read the upgrade instructions and release notes available with each new release, before updating the
firmware.
Note:
Preconfigured and customized settings are saved when the firmware is upgraded (providing the features are available in
the new firmware) although this is not guaranteed by Axis Communications. Always read the instructions and release
notes available with each new release, before upgrading the firmware.
1. Save the firmware file to your
computer. The latest version of the
firmware is available free of charge
from the Axis website at
2. Go to Setup > System Options >
Maintenance in the camera’s web
pages.
3. In the Upgrade Server section,
browse to the desired firmware file
on your computer. Click Upgrade.
Notes:
•
After starting the upgrade process,
always wait at least 5-10 minutes before restarting the camera, even if you suspect the upgrade has failed.
Your dealer reserves the right to charge for any repair attributable to faulty upgrading by the user.
The AXIS Camera Management software tool can be used for multiple upgrades. Please see the Axis website at
•
•
Emergency Recovery Procedure
If power or the network connection to the camera is lost during the upgrade, the process fails and the unit becomes
unresponsive. A flashing red Status LED indicates a failed upgrade. To recover the unit, follow the steps below. The serial
number is found on the label attached to the bottom of the camera.
1. UNIX/Linux - From the command line, type the following:
arp -s <IP address of camera> <serial number> temp
ping -s 408 <IP address of camera>
Windows - From a command/DOS prompt, type the following:
arp -s <IP address of camera> <serial number>
ping -l 408 -t <IP address of camera>
2. If the unit does not reply within a few seconds, restart it and wait for a reply. Press CTRL+C to stop Ping.
3. Open a browser and type in the camera’s IP address. In the page that appears, use the Browse button to select the
upgrade file to use, for example, axism3204.bin. Then click the Load button to restart the upgrade process.
4. After the upgrade is complete (1-10 minutes), the unit automatically restarts and shows a steady green on the
Power and Status LEDs and flashing green or amber on the Network LED.
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AXIS M32 Series
5. Re-configure the camera, referring to the installation guide.
If the emergency recovery procedure does not get the camera up and running again, please contact Axis support at
Axis Support
If you contact Axis support, please help us to help you solve your problems by providing the server report, the log file and a
detailed description of the problem.
Server Report - go to Setup > System Options > Support > Support Overview. The server report contains important
information about the server and its software, as well as a list of the current parameters.
The Log file is available from Setup > System Options > Support > Logs & Reports. The Log file records events in the unit
since the last system restart and can be a useful diagnostic tool when troubleshooting.
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AXIS M32 Series
Symptoms, Possible Causes, and Remedial Action
Problems setting the IP address
When using ARP/Ping
Try the installation again. The IP address must be set within two minutes after power has
been applied to the camera. Ensure the Ping length is set to 408. See the Installation
Guide.
The camera is located on a different If the IP address intended for the camera and the IP address of your computer are located
subnet
on different subnets, you will not be able to set the IP address. Contact your network
administrator to obtain an appropriate IP address.
The IP address is being used by
another device
Disconnect the camera from the network. Run the Ping command. (In a Command/DOS
window, type ping and the IP address of the unit).
If you receive: Reply from <IP address>: bytes = 32; time = 10 ms..... - this means that
the IP address may already be in use by another device on your network. You must obtain a
new IP address and reinstall the unit.
If you see: Request timed out - this means that the IP address is available for use with
your camera. In this case, check all cabling and reinstall the unit.
Possible IP address conflict with
another device on the same subnet
The static IP address in the camera is used before the DHCP server sets a a dynamic
address. This means that if the same default static IP address is also used by another
device, there may be problems accessing the camera. To avoid this, set the static IP address
to 0.0.0.0.
The camera cannot be accessed from a browser
The IP address has been changed by If the camera and client are on the same network, Run AXIS IP Utility to locate the camera.
DHCP
Identify the camera using its model or serial number
Alternatively:
1) Move the camera to an isolated network or to one with no DHCP or BOOTP server. Set
the IP address again, using the AXIS IP Utility (see the Installation Guide) or the ARP/Ping
commands.
2) Access the unit and disable DHCP in the TCP/IP settings. Return the unit to the main
network. The unit now has a fixed IP address that will not change.
3) As an alternative to 2), if dynamic IP address via DHCP or BOOTP is required, select the
required service and then configure IP address change notification from the network set-
tings. Return the unit to the main network. The unit now has a dynamic IP address, but will
notify you if the address changes.
Other networking problems
Test the network cable by connecting it to another network device, then Ping that device
from your workstation. See instructions above.
Camera is accessible locally, but not externally
Broadband router configuration
To configure your broadband router to allow incoming data traffic to the camera, enable
the NAT-traversal feature which will attempt to automatically configure the router to
allow access to the camera.
This is enabled from Setup > System Options > Network > TCP/IP Advanced.
Firewall protection
Check the Internet firewall with your system administrator.
Check if you need to configure the default router settings.
Default routers required
Problems with the H.264 format
No H.264 displayed in the
client
Check that the correct network interface is selected in the AMC control panel applet (net-
work tab).
Check that the relevant H.264 connection methods are enabled in the AMC control panel
applet (network tab).
In the AMC control applet, select the H.264 tab and click the button Set to default H.264
decoder.
No multicast H.264 displayed in the Check with your network administrator that the multicast addresses used by the
client
camera are valid for your network.
Check with your network administrator to see if there is a firewall preventing viewing.
Multicast H.264 only accessible by
local clients
Check if your router supports multicasting, or if the router settings between the client and
the server need to be configured. The TTL (Time To Live) value may need to be increased.
Poor rendering of H.264 images
Color depth set incorrectly on clients. Set to 16-bit or 32-bit color.
If text overlays are blurred, or if there are other rendering problems, you may need to
enable Advanced Video Rendering from the H.264 tab in the AMC control panel applet.
Ensure that your graphics card is using the latest device driver. The latest drivers can usu-
ally be downloaded from the manufacturer's web site.
Color saturation is different in H.264 Modify the settings for your graphics adapter. Please see the adapter's documentation for
and Motion JPEG more information.
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AXIS M32 Series
Lower frame rate than expected
Reduce number of applications running on the client computer.
Limit the number of simultaneous viewers.
Check with the system administrator that there is enough bandwidth available. See also
the online help.
Check in the AMC control panel applet (H.264 tab) that video processing is not set to
Decode only I frames.
Lower the image resolution.
ond?
Image degeneration
Decrease the GOV length, see the online help for more information.
Check that you are using an AXIS PS-H power supply.
The Power indicator is not constantly lit
Faulty power supply
The Status and Network indicator LEDs are flashing red rapidly
Hardware failure Contact your Axis dealer.
The Status indicator LED is flashing red and the camera is inaccessible
A firmware upgrade has been inter- See the Emergency Recovery Procedure above.
rupted or the firmware has otherwise
been damaged
No images displayed on web page
Problem with AMC.
To enable the updating of video images in Microsoft Internet Explorer, set your browser to
(Internet Explorer only)
allow ActiveX controls. Also, make sure that AXIS Media Control (AMC) component is
installed on your workstation.
Installation of additional ActiveX
component restricted or prohibited
Configure your camera to use a Java applet for updating the video images under
Live View Config > Layout > Default Viewer for Internet Explorer. See the online help for
more information.
Video/Image problems, general
Image too dark or too light
Missing images in uploads
Check the video image settings. See the online help on Video and Image Settings.
This can occur when trying to use a larger image buffer than is actually available. Try low-
ering the frame rate or the upload period.
Slow image update
Poor performance
Configuring pre-buffers, motion detection, high-resolution images, or high frame rates,
will affect the performance of the camera.
Poor performance may be caused by heavy network traffic, multiple users accessing the
unit, low performance clients, use of features such as Motion Detection, Event handling,
Image rotation other than 180 degrees.
Poor quality snapshot images
Screen incorrectly configured on your In Display Properties, configure your screen to show at least 65000 colors, that is, at least
workstation
16-bit. Using only 16 or 256 colors produces dithering artifacts in the image.
Overlay/Privacy mask is not displayed
Incorrect size or location of overlay or The overlay or privacy mask may have been positioned incorrectly or may be too large.
privacy mask.
Refer to Overlay Image Requirements and Limitations in the online help for more infor-
mation.
Browser freezes
Netscape 7.x or Mozilla 1.4 (or later) Lower the image resolution.
can sometimes freeze on a slow com-
puter
Problems uploading files
Limited space
There is only limited space available for the upload of your own files. Try deleting existing
files to free up space.
Motion Detection triggers unexpectedly
Changes in luminance
Motion detection is based on changes in luminance in the image. This means that if there
are sudden changes in the lighting, motion detection may be triggered mistakenly. Lower
the sensitivity setting to avoid problems with luminance.
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AXIS M32 Series
Technical Specifications
Function/group
Camera
Item
Specification
Models
• AXIS M3203: SVGA resolution, tamper-resistant casing
• AXIS M3203-V: SVGA resolution, vandal-resistant casing
• AXIS M3204: 1MP/HDTV 720p, tamper-resistant casing
• AXIS M3204-V: 1MP/HDTV 720p, vandal-resistant casing
Image sensor
Lens
1/4" Progressive scan RGB CMOS
AXIS M3203/-V
• Varifocal 2.8 - 10 mm, F1.7, fixed iris
• Angle of view, horizontal: 66°-18°
• Angle of view, vertical: 48-14°
AXIS M3204/-V
• Varifocal 2.8 - 10 mm, F1.7, fixed iris
• Angle of view, horizontal: 80°-22°
• Angle of view, vertical: 48°-14°
Minimum
0.9 - 100000 lux, F1.7
illumination
Shutter time
1/24500 s to 1/6 s
Camera angle
adjustment
• Pan: 360°
• Tilt: 170°
• Rotation: 340°
PTZ
Digital PTZ, preset positions, guard tour
Video
Video compression
• H.264 (MPEG-4 Part 10/AVC, Baseline profile)
• Motion JPEG
Resolutions
• AXIS M3203/-V:160x90 to 800x600
• AXIS M3204/-V: 160x90 to 1280x800
Frame rate H.264
• 30 fps in all resolutions
• 30 fps in all resolutions
Frame rate
Motion JPEG
Video streaming
AXIS M3203/-V
• Multi-stream H.264 and Motion JPEG; 2 individually configured streams in
full resolution and frame rate. More streams in either compression if
identical or limited in frame rate or resolution.
• Controllable frame rate and bandwidth
• VBR/CBR H.264
AXIS M3204/-V
• Multi-stream H.264 and Motion JPEG
H.264: 1 stream in full resolution and frame rate, 2 individually configured
streams in HDTV 720p and full frame rate
Motion JPEG: 1 stream in full resolution and frame rate. More streams in
either compression if identical or limited in frame rate or resolution.
• Controllable frame rate and bandwidth
• VBR/CBR H.264
Image settings
• Compression, color, brightness, sharpness, contrast, white balance, exposure
control, exposure zones, backlight compensation, fine tuning of behavior at
low light
• Rotation: 0°, 90°, 180°, 270°
• Mirroring of images
• Text and image overlay
• Privacy mask
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AXIS M32 Series
Function/group
Network
Item
Specification
Security
Password protection, IP address filtering, HTTPS encryption, digest
authentication, user access log
Supported protocols IPv4/v6, HTTP, HTTPS, SSL/TLS*, QoS Layer 3 DiffServ, FTP, SMTP, Bonjour,
UPnP, SNMPv1/v2c/v3(MIB-II), DNS, DynDNS, NTP, RTSP, RTP, TCP, UDP,
IGMP, RTCP, ICMP, DHCP, ARP, SOCKS. More information on protocol usage
*This product includes software developed by the Open SSL Project for use in
the Open SSL Tool kit (www.openssl.org)
System
Integration
Application
Programming
Interface
• Open API for software integration, including VAPIX® from Axis
Communications*, AXIS Media Control SDK*, event trigger data in video
stream
• Quality of Service (QoS) layer 3, DiffServ Model
• Embedded Linux operating system
Intelligent Video
Alarm triggers
Alarm events
Video motion detection, active tampering alarm.
Intelligent video
• File upload via FTP, HTTP and email
• Notification via email, HTTP and TCP
Video buffer
25 MB pre- and post alarm
Video access from
web browser
• Camera live view
• Video recording to file (ASF)
• Sequence tour for up to 20 Axis video sources,
• Customizable HTML pages
• Windows Vista, XP, 2000, 2003 server
• DirectX 9c or higher
Installation aids in
software
Pixel counter
General
Casing
• Polycarbonate transparent cover
• Aluminum inner camera module with encapsulated electronics
• Tamper-proof mounting on wall, hard or drop ceiling
• AXIS M3203-V/AXIS M3204-V: 1000 kg (2200 lbs) impact-resistant
aluminum casing
• AXIS M3203/AXIS M3204: Tamper-resistant plastic casing
Processors, memory
Power
ARTPEC-3, 128 MB RAM, 128 MB Flash
Power over Ethernet IEEE 802.3af Class 2
RJ-45 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX PoE
Connectors
Operating conditions • 0 – 50 ºC (32 – 122 ºF)
• Humidity 20 - 80% RH (non-condensing)
Approvals
EN 55022 Class B, EN 61000-3-2, EN 61000-3-3, EN 55024, FCC Part 15
Subpart B Class B, ICES-003 Class B, VCCI Class B, C-tick AS/NZS CISPR 22,
EN 60950-1, KCC class B
Dimensions (HxWxD) 94 x 144 x 132 mm (3.7" x 5.7" x 5.2")
Weight
• AXIS M3203/AXIS M3204: 425 g (0.94 lb)
• AXIS M3203-V/AXIS M3204-V: 580 g (1.28 lb)
Included accessories
Installation Guide, CD with installation tools, recording software and User’s
Manual, Connector kit, key for tamper-proof screws, Windows decoder
1-user license
Optional accessories AXIS T8412 Installation Display, AXIS P8221 Network I/O Audio Module,
Casings with smoked transparent cover, Black casing, Power supply, Various
mounting kits
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AXIS M32 Series
Function/group
Item
Specification
Video management
software
(not included)
AXIS Camera Station - Video management software for viewing and
recording up to 50 cameras
General performance considerations
When setting up your system, it is important to consider how various settings and situations affect performance. Some factors
affect the amount of bandwidth (the bit rate) required, others can affect the frame rate, and some affect both. If the load on
the CPU reaches its maximum, this will also affect the frame rate.
The following factors are among the most important to consider:
•
•
•
High image resolutions and/or lower compression levels result in larger images. Bandwidth affected.
Access by large numbers of Motion JPEG and/or unicast H.264 clients. Bandwidth affected.
Simultaneous viewing of different streams (resolution, compression, etc.) by different clients. Frame rate and bandwidth
affected.
•
•
•
•
Accessing both Motion JPEG and H.264 video streams simultaneously. Frame rate and bandwidth affected.
Heavy usage of event settings affects the camera’s CPU load. Frame rate affected.
Enabled motion detection. Frame rate and bandwidth affected.
Heavy network utilization due to poor infrastructure. Bandwidth affected.
Viewing on poorly performing client PC’s lowers perceived performance. Frame rate affected.
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AXIS M32 Series - Glossary of Terms
device used in many digital cameras is a large integrated
circuit that contains hundreds of thousands of photo-sites
(pixels) that convert light energy into electronic signals. Its
size is measured diagonally and can be 1/4", 1/3", 1/2" or
2/3".
Glossary of Terms
ActiveX - A standard that enables software components to
interact with one another in a networked environment,
regardless of the language(s) used to create them. web
browsers may come into contact with ActiveX controls,
ActiveX documents, and ActiveX scripts. ActiveX controls
are often downloaded and installed automatically as
required.
CGI (Common Gateway Interface) - A specification for
communication between a web server and other (CGI)
programs. For example, a HTML page that contains a form
might use a CGI program to process the form data once it
is submitted.
Angle - The field of view, relative to a standard lens in a
35mm still camera, expressed in degrees, e.g. 30°. For
practical purposes, this is the area that a lens can cover,
where the angle of view is determined by the focal length
of the lens. A wide-angle lens has a short focal length and
covers a wider angle of view than standard or telephoto
lenses, which have longer focal lengths.
CIF (Common Intermediate Format) - CIF refers to the
analog video resolutions 352x288 pixels (PAL) and
352x240 pixels (NTSC). See also Resolution.
Client/Server - Client/server describes the relationship
between two computer programs in which one program,
the client, makes a service request from another program,
the server, which fulfils the request. Typically, multiple
client programs share the services of a common server
program. A web browser is a client program that requests
services (the sending of web pages or files) from a web
server.
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) - This protocol is used
to associate an IP address to a hardware MAC address. A
request is broadcast on the local network to discover the
MAC address for an IP address.
ARTPEC (Axis Real Time Picture Encoder) - This chip is
used for image compression.
CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) - A
CMOS is a widely used type of semiconductor that uses
both negative and positive circuits. Since only one of the
circuit types is on at any given time, CMOS chips require
less power than chips using just one type of transistor.
CMOS image sensors also allow processing circuits to be
included on the same chip, an advantage not possible with
CCD sensors, which are also much more expensive to
produce.
ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) - A circuit
designed for a specific application, as opposed to a general
purpose circuit, such as a microprocessor.
Aspect ratio - A ratio of width to height in images. A
common aspect ratio used for television screens and
computer monitors is 4:3. High-definition television
(HDTV) uses an aspect ratio of 16:9.
Codec - In communications engineering, a codec is usually
a coder/decoder. Codecs are used in integrated circuits or
chips that convert e.g. analog video and audio signals into
a digital format for transmission. The codec also converts
received digital signals back into analog format. A codec
uses analog-to-digital conversion and digital-to-analog
conversion in the same chip.
Autoiris (DC-Iris) - This special type of iris is electrically
controlled by the camera, to automatically regulate the
amount of light allowed to enter.
Bitmap - A bitmap is a data file representing a rectangular
grid of pixels. It defines a display space and color for each
pixel (or ‘bit’) in the display space. This type of image is
known as a ‘raster graphic.’ GIFs and JPEGs are examples
of image file types that contain bitmaps.
Codec can also mean compression/decompression, in
which case it is generally taken to mean an algorithm or
computer program for reducing the size of large files and
programs.
Because a bitmap uses this fixed raster method, it cannot
easily be rescaled without losing definition. Conversely, a
vector graphic image uses geometrical shapes to represent
the image, and can thus be quickly rescaled.
Compression - See Image compression.
DC-Iris (Autoiris) - This special type of iris is electrically
controlled by the camera, to automatically regulate the
amount of light allowed to enter.
Bit rate - The bit rate (in kbit/s or Mbit/s) is often referred
to as speed, but actually defines the number of bits/time
unit and not distance/time unit.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - DHCP is a
protocol that lets network administrators automate and
centrally manage the assignment of Internet Protocol (IP)
addresses to network devices in a network.
Bonjour - Also known as zero-configuration networking,
Bonjour enables devices to automatically discover each
other on a network, without having to enter IP addresses or
configure DNS servers. Bonjour is a trademark of Apple
Computer, Inc.
DHCP uses the concept of a ‘lease’ or amount of time that a
given IP address will be valid for a computer. The lease
time can vary, depending on how long a user is likely to
require the network connection at a particular location.
Broadband - In network engineering terms, this describes
transmission methods where two or more signals share the
same carrier. In more popular terminology, broadband is
taken to mean high-speed data transmission.
DHCP also supports static addresses for e.g. computers
running web servers, which need a permanent IP address.
CCD (Charged Coupled Device) - This light-sensitive image
DNS (Domain Name System) - DNS is used to locate and
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AXIS M32 Series - Glossary of Terms
translate Internet domain names into IP (Internet Protocol)
addresses. A domain name is a meaningful and
easy-to-remember name for an Internet address. For
easier to remember than 192.0.34.166. The translation
tables for domain names are contained in Domain name
servers.
a telephone systems. Half-duplex also provides
bi-directional communication, but only in one direction at
a time, as in a walkie-talkie system. See also Simplex.
Gain - Gain is the amplification factor and the extent to
which an analog amplifier boosts the strength of a signal.
Amplification factors are usually expressed in terms of
power. The decibel (dB) is the most common way of
quantifying the gain of an amplifier.
Domain Server - Domains can also be used by
organizations who wish to centralize the management of
their (Windows) computers. Each user within a domain has
an account that usually allows them to log in to and use
any computer in the domain, although restrictions may
also apply. The domain server is the server that
authenticates the users on the network.
Gateway - A gateway is a point in a network that acts as
an entry point to another network. In a corporate network
for example, a computer server acting as a gateway often
also acts as a proxy server and a firewall server. A gateway
is often associated with both a router, which knows where
to direct a given packet of data that arrives at the gateway,
and a switch, which furnishes the actual path in and out of
the gateway for a given packet.
Duplex - See Full-duplex.
Ethernet - Ethernet is the most widely installed local area
network technology. An Ethernet LAN typically uses
special grades of twisted pair wires. The most commonly
installed Ethernet systems are 10BASE-T and
100BASE-T10, which provide transmission speeds up to 10
Mbps and 100 Mbps respectively.
GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) - GIF is one of the most
common file formats used for images in web pages. There
are two versions of the format, 87a and 89a. Version 89a
supports animations, i.e. a short sequence of images within
a single GIF file. A GIF89a can also be specified for
interlaced presentation.
ETRAX (Ethernet Token Ring AXIS) - Axis' own
microprocessor.
GOV (Group Of VOPs) - A group of VOPs is the basic unit
of an H.264 video stream. The GOV contains different
types and numbers of VOPs (I-VOPs, P-VOPs) as
determined by the GOV length and GOV structure. See also
VOP.
Factory default settings - These are the settings that
originally applied for a device when it was first delivered
from the factory. If it should become necessary to reset a
device to its factory default settings, this will, for many
devices, completely reset any settings that were changed
by the user.
GOV length - The GOV length determines the number of
images (VOPs) in the GOV structure. See also GOV and
VOP.
Firewall - A firewall works as a barrier between networks,
e.g. between a Local Area Network and the Internet. The
firewall ensures that only authorized users are allowed to
access the one network from the other. A firewall can be
software running on a computer, or it can be a standalone
hardware device.
GOV structure - The GOV structure describes the
composition of an H.264 video stream, as regards the type
of images (I-VOPs or P-VOPs) included in the stream, and
their internal order. See also GOV and VOP.
H.264 - A standard for video compression, also known as
Focal length - Measured in millimeters, the focal length of
a camera lens determines the width of the horizontal field
of view, which in turn is measured in degrees.
MPEG-4 Part 10.
Half-duplex - See Full-duplex.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) - An application protocol that
uses the TCP/IP protocols. It is used to exchange files
between computers/devices on networks.
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) - HTML is the set of
"markup" symbols or codes inserted in a file intended for
display in web browser. The markup tells the browser how
to display the page's words and images for the user.
Frame - A frame is a complete video image. In the 2:1
interlaced scanning format of the RS-170 and CCIR
formats, a frame is made up of two separate fields of 262.5
or 312.5 lines interlaced at 60 or 50 Hz to form a complete
frame, which appears at 30 or 25 Hz. In video cameras with
a progressive scan, each frame is scanned line-by-line and
not interlaced; most are also displayed at 30 and 25 Hz.
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) - HTTP is the set of
rules for exchanging files (text, graphic images, sound,
video, and other multimedia files) on the web. The HTTP
protocol runs on top of the TCP/IP suite of protocols.
Hub - A (network) hub is used to connect multiple devices
to the network. The hub transmits all data to all devices
connected to it, whereas a switch will only transmit the
data to the device it is specifically intended for.
Frame rate - The frame rate used to describe the frequency
at which a video stream is updated is measured in frames
per second (fps). A higher frame rate is advantageous when
there is movement in the video stream, as it maintains
image quality throughout.
IEEE 802.11 - A family of standards for wireless LANs. The
802.11 standard supports 1 or 2 Mbit/s transmission on the
2.4 GHz band. IEEE 802.11b specifies an 11 Mbit/s data
rate on the 2.4 GHz band, while 802.11a allows up to 54
Mbit/s on the 5 GHz band.
Full-duplex - Transmission of data in two directions
simultaneously. In an audio system this would describe e.g.
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AXIS M32 Series - Glossary of Terms
Image compression - Image compression minimizes the file
size (in bytes) of an image. Two of the most common
compressed image formats are JPEG and GIF.
LAN (Local Area Network) - A LAN is a group of
computers and associated devices that typically share
common resources within a limited geographical area.
Interlacing - Interlaced video is video captured at 50
pictures (known as fields) per second, of which every 2
consecutive fields (at half height) are then combined into 1
frame. Interlacing was developed many years ago for the
analog TV world and is still used widely today. It provides
good results when viewing motion in standard TV
pictures, although there is always some degree of
distortion in the image.
Linux - Linux is an open source operating system within
the UNIX family. Because of its robustness and availability,
Linux has won popularity in the open source community
and among commercial application developers.
MAC address (Media Access Control address) - A MAC
address is a unique identifier associated with a piece of
networking equipment, or more specifically, its interface
with the network. For example, the network card in a
computer has its own MAC address.
To view interlaced video on e.g. a computer monitor, the
video must first be de-interlaced, to produce progressive
video, which consists of complete images, one after the
other, at 25 frames per second. See also Progressive scan.
Manual iris - This is the opposite to an autoiris, i.e. the
camera iris must be adjusted manually to regulate the
amount of light allowed to reach the image sensor.
IP (Internet Protocol) - The Internet Protocol is a method
transmitting data over a network. Data to be sent is divided
into individual and completely independent "packets."
Each computer (or host) on the Internet has at least one
address that uniquely identifies it from all others, and each
data packet contains both the sender's address and the
receiver's address.
Mbit/s (Megabits per second) - A measure of the bit rate,
i.e. the rate at which bits are passing a given point.
Commonly used to give the ‘speed’ of a network. A LAN
might run at 10 or 100 Mbit/s. See also Bit rate.
Monitor - A monitor is very similar to a standard
television set, but lacks the electronics to pick up regular
television signals.
The Internet Protocol ensures that the data packets all
arrive at the intended address. As IP is a connectionless
protocol, which means that there is no established
connection between the communication end-points,
packets can be sent via different routes and do not need to
arrive at the destination in the correct order.
Motion JPEG - Motion JPEG is a simple
compression/decompression technique for networked
video. Latency is low and image quality is guaranteed,
regardless of movement or complexity of the image. Image
quality is controlled by adjusting the compression level,
which in turn provides control over the file size, and
thereby the bit rate.
Once the data packets have arrived at the correct
destination, another protocol - Transmission Control
Protocol (TCP) - puts them in the right order. See also TCP.
IP Address - An IP address is simply an address on an IP
network used by a computer/device connected to that
network. IP addresses allow all the connected
computers/devices to find each other and to pass data back
and forth.
High-quality individual images from the Motion JPEG
stream are easily extracted. See also JPEG.
Megapixel - See Pixel.
MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) - The Moving
Picture Experts Group develops standards for digital video
and audio compression. It operates under the auspices of
the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
The MPEG standards are an evolving series, each designed
for a different purpose.
To avoid conflicts, each IP address on any given network
must be unique. An IP address can be assigned as fixed, so
that it does not change, or it can be assigned dynamically
(and automatically) by DHCP.
An IP address consists of four groups (or quads) of decimal
digits separated by periods, e.g. 130.5.5.25. Different parts
of the address represent different things. Some part will
represent the network number or address, and some other
part will represent the local machine address.
MPEG-2 - MPEG-2 is the designation for a group of audio
and video coding standards, and is typically used to
encode audio and video for broadcast signals, including
digital satellite and Cable TV. MPEG-2, with some
modifications, is also the coding format used by standard
commercial DVD movies.
See also IP (Internet Protocol).
I-VOP - See VOP.
JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) - Together with
the GIF file format, JPEG is an image file type commonly
used on the web. A JPEG image is a bitmap, and usually
has the file suffix '.jpg' or ".jpeg." When creating a JPEG
image, it is possible to configure the level of compression
to use. As the lowest compression (i.e. the highest quality)
results in the largest file, there is a trade-off between
image quality and file size.
Multicast - Bandwidth-conserving technology that reduces
bandwidth usage by simultaneously delivering a single
stream of information to multiple network recipients.
Network connectivity - The physical (wired or wireless)
and logical (protocol) connection of a computer network or
an individual device to a network, such as the Internet or a
LAN.
kbit/s (kilobits per second) - A measure of the bit rate, i.e.
the rate at which bits are passing a given point. See also
Bit rate.
NTSC (National Television System Committee) - NTSC is
the television and video standard in the United States.
NTSC delivers 525 lines at 60 half-frames/second.
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AXIS M32 Series - Glossary of Terms
NWay - A network protocol that automatically negotiates
the highest possible common transmission speed between
two devices.
administrative control, and a caching service. Any proxy
server associated with a gateway server, or part of a
gateway server, effectively separates the organization’s
network from the outside network and the local firewall. It
is the firewall server that protects the network against
outside intrusion.
PAL (Phase Alternating Line) - PAL is the dominant
television standard in Europe. PAL delivers 625 lines at 50
half-frames/second.
A proxy server receives requests for Internet services (such
as web page requests) from many users. If the proxy server
is also a cache server, it looks in its local cache of
previously downloaded web pages. If it finds the page, it is
returned to the user without forwarding the request to the
Internet. If the page is not in the cache, the proxy server,
acting as a client on behalf of the user, uses one of its own
IP addresses to request the page from another server over
the Internet. When the requested page is returned, the
proxy server forwards it to the user that originally
requested it.
Ping - Ping is a basic network program used
diagnostically to check the status of a network host or
device. Ping can be used to see if a particular network
address (IP address or host name) is occupied or not, or if
the host at that address is responding normally. Ping can
be run from e.g. the Windows Command prompt or the
command line in UNIX.
Pixel - A pixel is one of the many tiny dots that make up a
digital image. The color and intensity of each pixel
represents a tiny area of the complete image.
P-VOP - See VOP.
PoE (Power over Ethernet) - Power over Ethernet provides
power to a network device via the same cable as used for
the network connection. This is very useful for
IP-Surveillance and remote monitoring applications in
places where it may be too impractical or expensive to
power the device from a power outlet.
Resolution - Image resolution is a measure of how much
detail a digital image can hold: the greater the resolution,
the greater the level of detail. Resolution can be specified
as the number of pixel-columns (width) by the number of
pixel-rows (height), e.g. 320x240.
Alternatively, the total number of pixels (usually in
megapixels) in the image can be used. In analog systems it
is also common to use other format designations, such as
CIF, QCIF, 4CIF.
PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) - A protocol that uses a
serial interface for communication between two network
devices. For example, a PC connected by a phone line to a
server.
RTCP (Real-Time Control Protocol) - RTCP provides
support for real-time conferencing of groups of any size
within an intranet. This support includes source
identification and support for gateways like audio and
video bridges as well as multicast-to-unicast translators.
PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol) - A protocol (set
of communication rules) that allows corporations to extend
their own corporate network through private "tunnels"
over the public Internet. In this way a corporation can
effectively use a WAN (Wide Area Network) as a large
single LAN (Local Area Network). This kind of
interconnection is known as a virtual private network
(VPN).
RTCP offers quality-of-service feedback from receivers to
the multicast group as well as support for the
synchronization of different media streams.
RTP (Real-Time Transport Protocol) - RTP is an Internet
protocol for the transport of real-time data, e.g. audio and
video. It can be used for media-on-demand as well as
interactive services such as Internet telephony.
Pre/post alarm images - The images from immediately
before and after an alarm. These images are stored in a
buffer for later retrieval.
Progressive scan - Progressive scan, as opposed to
RTSP (Real Time Streaming Protocol) - RTSP is a control
protocol, and a starting point for negotiating transports
such as RTP, multicast and Unicast, and for negotiating
codecs.
interlaced video, scans the entire picture, line by line every
sixteenth of a second. In other words, captured images are
not split into separate fields as in interlaced scanning.
Computer monitors do not need interlace to show the
picture on the screen, but instead show them progressively,
on one line at a time in perfect order, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
so there is virtually no ‘flickering’ effect. In a surveillance
application, this can be critical when viewing detail within
a moving image, such as a person running. A high-quality
monitor is required to get the best from progressive scan.
See also Interlacing.
RTSP can be considered a ‘remote control’ for controlling
the media stream delivered by a media server. RTSP servers
typically use RTP as the protocol for the actual transport of
audio/video data.
Router - A device that determines the next network point
to which a packet should be forwarded on its way to its
final destination. A router creates and/or maintains a
special routing table that stores information on how best to
reach certain destinations. A router is sometimes included
as part of a network switch. See also switch.
Protocol - A special set of rules governing how two entities
will communicate. Protocols are found at many levels of
communication, and there are hardware protocols and
software protocols.
Server - In general, a server is a computer program that
provides services to other computer programs in the same
or other computers. A computer running a server program
is also frequently referred to as a server. In practice, the
Proxy server - In an organization that uses the Internet, a
proxy server acts as an intermediary between a
workstation user and the Internet. This provides security,
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AXIS M32 Series - Glossary of Terms
server may contain any number of server and client
programs. A web server is the computer program that
supplies the requested HTML pages or files to the client
(browser).
Switch - A switch is a network device that connects
network segments together, and which selects a path for
sending a unit of data to its next destination. In general, a
switch is a simpler and faster mechanism than a router,
which requires knowledge about the network and how to
determine the route. Some switches include the router
function. See also Router.
Sharpness - This is the control of fine detail within a
picture. This feature was originally introduced into color
TV sets that used notch filter decoders. This filter took
away all high frequency detail in the black and white
region of the picture. The sharpness control attempted to
put some of that detail back in the picture. Sharpness
controls are mostly superfluous in today's high-end TVs.
The only logical requirement for it nowadays is on a VHS
machine.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - TCP is used along
with the Internet Protocol (IP) to transmit data as packets
between computers over the network. While IP takes care
of the actual packet delivery, TCP keeps track of the
individual packets that the communication (e.g. requested
a web page file) is divided into, and, when all packets have
arrived at their destination, it reassembles them to re-form
the complete file.
Simplex - In Simplex operation, a network cable or
communications channel can only send information in one
direction.
TCP is a connection-oriented protocol, which means that a
connection is established between the two end-points and
is maintained until the data has been successfully
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) - SMTP is used for
sending and receiving e-mail. However, as it is ‘simple,’ it
is limited in its ability to queue messages at the receiving
end, and is usually used with one of two other protocols,
POP3 or IMAP. These other protocols allow the user to save
messages in a server mailbox and download them
periodically from the server.
exchanged between the communicating applications.
Telnet - Telnet is a simple method with which to access
another network device, e.g. a computer. The HTTP
protocol and the FTP protocols allow you to request
specific files from remote computers, but do not allow you
logon as a user of that computer. With Telnet, you log on
as a regular user with whatever privileges you may have
been granted for specific applications and data residing on
that computer.
SMTP authentication is an extension of SMTP, whereby
the client is required to log into the mail server before or
during the sending of email. It can be used to allow
legitimate users to send email while denying the service to
unauthorized users, such as spammers.
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) - UDP is a communications
protocol that offers limited service for exchanging data in
a network that uses the Internet Protocol (IP). UDP is an
alternative to the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). The
advantage of UDP is that it is not required to deliver all
data and may drop network packets when there is e.g.
network congestion. This is suitable for live video, as there
is no point in re-transmitting old information that will not
be displayed anyway.
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) - SNMP
forms part of the Internet Protocol suite, as defined by the
Internet Engineering Task Force. The protocol can support
monitoring of network-attached devices for any conditions
that warrant administrative attention.
Sockets - Sockets are a method for communication
between a client program and a server program over a
network. A socket is defined as ‘the endpoint in a
connection.’ Sockets are created and used with a set of
programming requests or ‘function calls’ sometimes called
the sockets application programming interface (API).
Unicast - Communication between a single sender and a
single receiver over a network. A new connection is
established for each new user.
URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - An "address" on the
SSL/TSL (Secure Socket Layer/Transport Layer Security)
These two protocols (SSL is succeeded by TSL) are
cryptographic protocols that provide secure
communication on a network. SSL is commonly used over
HTTP to form HTTPS, as used e.g. on the Internet for
electronic financial transactions. SSL uses public key
certificates to verify the identity of the server.
network.
Varifocal lens - A varifocal lens provides a wide range of
focal lengths, as opposed to a lens with a fixed focal
length, which only provides one.
VPN (Virtual Private Network) - This creates a secure
"tunnel" between the points within the VPN. Only devices
with the correct "key" will be able to work within the VPN.
The VPN network can be within a company LAN (Local
Area Network), but different sites can also be connected
over the Internet in a secure way. One common use for
VPN is for connecting a remote computer to the corporate
network, via e.g. a direct phone line or via the Internet.
Subnet/subnet mask - A subnet is an identifiably separate
part of an organization's network. Typically, a subnet may
represent all the machines at one geographic location, in
one building, or on the same local area network (LAN).
Having an organization's network divided into subnets
allows it to be connected to the Internet with a single
shared network address.
VOP (Video Object Plane) - A VOP is an image frame in an
H.264 video stream. There are several types of VOP:
The subnet mask is the part of the IP address that tells a
network router how to find the subnet that the data packet
should be delivered to. Using a subnet mask saves the
router having to handle the entire 32-bit IP address; it
simply looks at the bits selected by the mask.
- An I-VOP is complete image frame.
- A P-VOP codes the differences between images, as long
as it is more efficient to do so. Otherwise it codes the whole
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AXIS M32 Series - Glossary of Terms
image, which may also be a completely new image.
WAN (Wide-Area-Network) - Similar to a LAN, but on a
larger geographical scale.
W-LAN (Wireless LAN) - A wireless LAN is a wireless local
area network that uses radio waves as its carrier: where the
network connections for end-users are wireless. The main
network structure usually uses cables.
Web server - A web server is a program, which allows
web browsers to retrieve files from computers connected to
the Internet. The web server listens for requests from web
browsers and upon receiving a request for a file sends it
back to the browser.
The primary function of a web server is to serve pages to
other remote computers; consequently, it needs to be
installed on a computer that is permanently connected to
the Internet. It also controls access to the server whilst
monitoring and logging server access statistics.
WEP (Wireless Equivalent Privacy) - A wireless security
protocol, specified in the IEEE 802.11 standard, which is
designed to provide a wireless local area network (WLAN)
with a level of security and privacy comparable to that
usually expected of a wired LAN. Security is at two
different levels; 40-bit and 128-bit encryption. The higher
the bit number, the more secure the encryption.
WPA-PSK (Wi-Fi Protected Access - Pre-Shared Key) -
This wireless encryption method uses a pre-shared key
(PSK) for key management. Keys can usually be entered as
manual hex values, as hexadecimal characters, or as a
Passphrase. WPA-PSK provides a greater degree of security
than WEP.
Zoom lens - A zoom lens can be moved (zoomed) to
enlarge the view of an object to show more detail.
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AXIS M32 Series - Index
A
M
N
B
P
Q
C
R
D
S
E
T
F
G
U
H
V
I
L
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