Operating and Service Guide
Agilent Technologies
E-Series E9300 Power Sensors
Agilent Technologies Part no. E9300-90016
January 1999
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Legal Information
Legal Information
Notice
The information contained in this document is subject to change
without notice. Agilent Technologies makes no warranty of any kind
with regard to this material, including but not limited to, the implied
warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
Agilent Technologies shall not be liable for errors contained herein or
for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the
furnishing, performance, or use of this material.
Certification
Agilent Technologies certifies that this product met its published
specifications at the time of shipment from the factory. Agilent Technologies
further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United
States National Institute of Standards and Technology, to the extent allowed
by the Institute’s calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other
International Standards Organization members.
Warranty
This Agilent Technologies instrument product is warranted against defects in
material and workmanship for a period of one year from date of shipment.
During the warranty period, Agilent Technologies will at its option, either
repair or replace products which prove to be defective. For warranty service
or repair, this product must be returned to a service facility designated by
Agilent Technologies. Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to Agilent
Technologies and Agilent Technologies shall pay shipping charges, duties, and
taxes for products returned to Agilent Technologies from another country.
Agilent Technologies warrants that its software and firmware designated by
Agilent Technologies for use with an instrument will execute its programming
instructions when properly installed on that instrument. Agilent Technologies
does not warrant that the operation of the instrument, or firmware will be
uninterrupted or error free.
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Legal Information
Limitation of Warranty
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or
inadequate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software or interfacing,
unauthorized modification or misuse, operation outside of the environmental
specifications for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance.
NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. AGILENT
TECHNOLOGIES SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Exclusive Remedies
THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE
REMEDIES. AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY
DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, OR ANY OTHER
LEGAL THEORY.
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General Safety Information
General Safety Information
The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases
of operation, service and repair of this sensor. Failure to comply with these
precautions or specific warnings elsewhere in this manual violates safety
standards of design manufacture and intended use of the sensor. Agilent
Technologies assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with
these requirements.
The Instruction Documentation Symbol. The product is marked with this
symbol when it is necessary for the user to refer to the instructions in the
supplied documentation.
WARNING
BEFORE CONNECTING THE POWER SENSOR TO OTHER
INSTRUMENTS ensure that all instruments are connected to
the protective (earth) ground. Any interruption of the
protective earth grounding will cause a potential shock hazard
that could result in personal injury.
Sound Emission
Herstellerbescheinigung
Diese Information steht im Zusammenhang mit den Anforderungen der
Maschinenlarminformationsverordnung vom 18 Januar 1991.
•
•
•
•
Sound Pressure LpA < 70 dB.
Am Arbeitsplatz.
Normaler Betrieb.
Nach DIN 45635 T. 19 (Typprufung).
Manufacturers Declaration
This statement is provided to comply with the requirements of the German
Sound DIN 45635 T. 19 (Typprufung).
•
•
•
•
Sound Pressure LpA < 70 dB.
At operator position.
Normal operation.
According to ISO 7779 (Type Test).
5
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General Safety Information
Conventions
The following text and format conventions are used to highlight items of safety
and the operation of the associated power meter.
Safety
This guide uses cautions and warnings to denote hazards.
Caution
Caution denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure that, if not
correctly performed or adhered to, would result in damage to or
destruction of the instrument. Do not proceed beyond a caution sign
until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
WARNING
Warning denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure
which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in
injury or loss of life. Do not proceed beyond a warning note
until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
Power Meter Front Panel Operation
This guide uses the following symbols to denote power meter front panel keys
and display legends.
A function name in a keycap symbol indicates the
use of a key physically located on the power meter’s
front panel.
)URQW 3DQHOꢀꢁH\
A function name in display-font indicates the use of
a key down the right side of the power meter’s
display adjacent to the displayed text
6RIWNH\ꢀ/DEHO
Display Text
Text shown in this font indicates message text
displayed by the power meter.
6
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Documentation
Documentation
Sensors Covered by Manual
These sensors have a two-part serial number: the prefix (two letters and the
first four numbers), and the suffix (the last four numbers). The two letters
identify the country in which the unit was manufactured. The four numbers of
the prefix are a code identifying the date of the last major design change
incorporated in your sensor. The four-digit suffix is a sequential number and,
coupled with the prefix, provides a unique identification for each unit
produced. The contents of this manual apply directly to all serial numbers
unless otherwise indicated.
Related Publications
The Agilent E-Series E9300 Power Sensors Operating and Service Guide is
also available in the following languages:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
English Language Operating and Service Guide - Standard
German Language Operating and Service Guide - Option ABD
Spanish Language Operating and Service Guide - Option ABE
French Language Operating and Service Guide - Option ABF
Japanese Language Operating and Service Guide - Option ABJ
Italian Language Operating and Service Guide - Option ABZ
Korean Language Operating and Service Guide - Option AB1
Further useful information can be found in:
•
•
Application Note 64-1B, Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Power
Measurements, available by ordering through your local Agilent
Technologies Sales Office.
The Agilent EPM Series Power Meter User’s Guide and Programming
Guide.
7
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Documentation
8
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Legal Information.....................................................................................3
Notice.................................................................................................3
Certification.......................................................................................3
Warranty ............................................................................................3
Conventions.......................................................................................6
Safety..................................................................................................6
Documentation.........................................................................................7
General Information ..............................................................................13
The Agilent E-Series E9300 Power Sensors in Detail.................14
Getting Started .......................................................................................16
Checking Power Meter Firmware and DSP Revision ................16
CDMA Signal Measurements.........................................................23
Multitone Signal Measurements....................................................24
Measuring TDMA Signals......................................................................25
Power Meter and Sensor Operation.............................................25
Achieving Stable Results with TDMA Signals.............................25
Achieving Stable Results with GSM Signals................................26
9
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Measurement Accuracy and Speed......................................................28
Summary ..........................................................................................30
Introduction ............................................................................................32
General Information...............................................................................60
Performance Test...................................................................................61
Principles of Operation ..................................................................67
Troubleshooting ..............................................................................68
Repair of Defective Sensor ............................................................68
Disassembly Procedure..................................................................68
Reassembly Procedure...................................................................69
Sales and Service Offices ......................................................................70
10
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What You’ll Find
In This Chapter
detail on their operation, the minimum power meter requirements and
connecting to your power meter. It contains the following sections:
•
•
•
“General Information” on page 13
“The Agilent E-Series E9300 Power Sensors in Detail” on page 14
“Getting Started” on page 16
Figure 1 Typical HP E-series E9300 power sensors.
12
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General Information
General Information
Welcome to the HP E-series E9300 power sensors Operating and Service
Guide! This guide contains information about the initial inspection, operation,
specifications and repair of the HP E-series E9300 power sensors. Use this
guide as a supplement to the Agilent EPM series power meters User’s Guides.
It is 3-hole drilled to allow you to retain it in the power meter’s binder.
All power meter functions are detailed in the Agilent EPM series power meters
User’s Guide and Programming Guide, however, this guide contains
information specific to the operation of Agilent E-series E9300 power sensor.
Power Meter Requirements
The HP E-series E9300 power sensors are NOT compatible with the earlier
HP 430-Series, HP E1416A, or HP 70100A power meters. They are compatible
ONLY with the Agilent EPM series power meters. Also, not all Agilent EPM
series power meters are immediately compatible - your power meter must use
firmware and Digital Signal Processing (DSP) code from a specific release
onwards. see Checking Power Meter Firmware and DSP Revision on page 16
tells you how to check your power meter and have it upgraded if required.
13
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General Information
The Agilent E-Series E9300 Power Sensors in Detail
Most power sensors used for measuring average power employ either
thermocouple or diode technologies. Diode based sensors frequently rely on
the application of correction factors to extend their dynamic range beyond
their square law response region, typically -70 dBm to -20 dBm. However,
while this technique achieves wide dynamic range capability, it is limited to
continuous wave (CW) signals outside the square law region. Modulated
signals must be padded down or at low levels, with their average and peak
power levels within the diode square law region, to be measured accurately.
Accurate, average power measurement of high level signals carrying
modulation cannot be obtained using a CW correction factor technique.
Specialized modulation sensors provide accurate measurements but are
bandwidth limited.
The HP E-series E9300 power sensors are true average, wide dynamic range
RF microwave power sensors. They are based on a dual sensor
diode pair/attenuator/diode pair proposed by Szente et. al. in 19901. Figure 2
shows a block diagram of this technique.
Low Sense
Lower Range
(-60 dBm to -10 dBm)
Low Sense
RF in
High Sense
Upper Range
(-10 dBm to +20 dBm)
High Sense
Figure 2 Simplified Block Diagram of Diode Pair/Attenuator/Diode
Pair
This technique ensures the diodes in the selected signal path are kept in their
square law region, thus the output current (and voltage) is proportional to the
input power. The diode pair/attenuator/diode pair assembly can yield the
1. US Patent #4943764, assigned to Agilent Technologies
14
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General Information
average of complex modulation formats across a wide dynamic range,
irrespective of signal bandwidth. The dual range Modified Barrier Integrated
Diode (MBID)1 package includes further refinements to improve power
handling allowing accurate measurement of high level signals with high crest
factors without incurring damage2 to the sensor.
These sensors measure average RF power on a wide variety of modulated
signals and are independent of the modulation bandwidth. They are ideally
suited to the average power measurement of multi-tone and spread spectrum
signals such as CDMA, W-CDMA and digital television formats. Also, pulsed,
TDMA signals can be measured within the constraints detailed in “Measuring
TDMA Signals” on page 25.
The results are displayed on a compatible3 power meter in logarithmic (dBm
or dB) or linear (Watts or %) measurement units.
1. November 1986 Hewlett-Packard Journal pages 14-2, “Diode Integrated Circuits
for Millimeter-Wave Applications.
2. Refer “Maximum Power” on page 35 and page -47 to for maximum power
handling specifications
3. An Agilent EPM-Series power meter is required as specified in the section see
Checking Power Meter Firmware and DSP Revision on page 16.
15
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Getting Started
Getting Started
Initial Inspection
packaging material is damaged, it should be kept until the contents of the
shipment have been checked mechanically and electrically. If there is
mechanical damage, notify the nearest Agilent Technologies office. Keep the
damaged shipping materials (if any) for inspection by the carrier and a Agilent
Technologies representative. If required, you can find a list of Agilent
Technologies Sales and Service offices on page -70.
Checking Power Meter Firmware and DSP Revision
Before proceeding, first ensure your Agilent EPM series power meter has both
the required firmware and DSP revisions for the correct operation of your
Agilent EPM series power meters.
System
More
On the power meter press
,
,
, Version .
Service
Inputs
Firmware Revision
Code (dual channel)
DSP Revision
Code
Figure 3 Power Meter Firmware Version Screen
16
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Getting Started
First check the section labelled '63ꢀ5HYLVLRQꢁ. Release A.01.11 or later is
required. If your power meter has an earlier release, please contact your
nearest Service Office (listed on page -70) to arrange an upgrade.
required for single channel meters; release A2.04.00 or later is required for dual
channel meters. For E9300 power sensors with suffix ‘B’ or ‘H’, firmware
revision A1.06.00 or later is required for single channel meters; revision
A2.06.00 or later is required for dual channel meters. If your power meter has
an earlier release, please contact your nearest Agilent Service Office (listed on
page -70) to arrange an upgrade.
Note
You can carry out the firmware upgrade yourself if your power meter
has the required. Access http://www.agilent.com/find/powermeters
and click onthe link:
“EPM Series E4418B Single-Channel Power Meter” or
“EPM Series E4419B Dual-Channel Power Meter”. Click the
“Software, Firmware and Drivers” link and follow the downloading
instructions.
Interconnections and Calibration
Connect one end of an Agilent 11730 series sensor cable to the Agilent E-series
E9300 power sensor and connect the other end of the cable to the power
meter’s channel input. Allow a few seconds for the power meter to download
the power sensor’s calibration table.
Caution
Note
The Agilent 9304A Sensor is DC coupled. DC voltages in excess of the
maximum value (5 Vdc) can damage the sensing diode.
Ensure power sensors and cables are attached and removed in an
indoor environment.
To carry out a zero and calibration cycle as requested by the power meter
proceed as follows:
•
Ensure the Agilent E-series E9300 power sensor is disconnected from
any signal source.
•
When calibrating Agilent E-series E9300B or E9301B sensors, first
remove the attenuator.
17
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Getting Started
Zero
Cal
•
•
•
On the power meter, press
,
(or
/
).
Zero B
Zero
Zero A
During zeroing the wait symbol is displayed.
When the wait period is complete connect the Agilent E-series power
sensor to the power meter’s POWER REF output.
Press
(or
,
/
). The wait symbol is again
Cal
displayed during calibration.
Cal Cal A Cal B
On completion the power meter and sensor are ready to connect to the device
under test (DUT). Ensure the attenuator is re-connected to the
Agilent E-series E9300B or E9301B sensors prior to making measurements.
Caution
The Agilent E-series E9300B or E9301B sensors should not be
operated without the attenuator connected at any time other than for
calibration. You must ensure the attenuator is reconnected following
calibration.
WARNING
BEFORE CONNECTING THE POWER SENSOR TO OTHER
INSTRUMENTS ensure that all instruments are connected to
the protective (earth) ground. Any interruption of the
protective earth grounding will cause a potential shock hazard
that could result in personal injury.
The measurement connector (for connection to DUT) is Type-N (male) for all
the HP E-series E9300 power sensors. A torque wrench should be used to
tighten these connectors. Use a 3/4-inch open-end wrench and torque to 12
in-lb (135 Ncm) for the Type-N connector.
Specifications
The specifications listed in Chapter 3, Specifications and Characteristics, are
the performance standards or limits against which the power sensor may be
tested. These specifications are valid ONLY after proper calibration of the
power meter. Refer to the “Calibration Procedure Using Agilent E-Series
Power Sensors” in your Agilent EPM series power meter User’s Guide.
18
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What You’ll Find
In This Chapter
make power measurements on signals with different modulation formats. For
all other operations please refer to your Agilent EPM series power meter
User’s Guide.
This chapter contains the following sections:
•
•
•
•
•
“Power Meter Configuration Changes” on page 21
“Measuring Spread Spectrum and Multitone Signals” on page 22
“Measuring TDMA Signals” on page 25
“Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Measurements” on page 27
“Measurement Accuracy and Speed” on page 28
20
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Power Meter Configuration Changes
Power Meter Configuration Changes
The Agilent EPM series power meter recognizes when an Agilent E-series
E9300 power sensor is connected. The sensor calibration data is automatically
read by the power meter. In addition, the HP E-series E9300 power sensors
change the auto-averaging settings used by the power meter. These are also
automatically configured.
Resolution Setting
Maximum
E9300/1/4AE9300/1H E9300/1BSensor Power
1
1
2
1
3
1
4
4
10 dBm
2 dBm
40 dBm
32 dBm
26 dBm
20 dBm
20 dBm
12 dBm
6 dBm
0 dBm
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
8
16
32
-4 dBm
-10 dBm
4
16 128
64 128
16
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
4
-20 dBm
-30 dBm
-40 dBm
-50 dBm
10 dBm
0 dBm
-10 dBm
-20 dBm
-30 dBm
-40 dBm
16
64
1
16
-10 dBm
-20 dBm
4
16 128 256
64 256 256
32
Minimum
Sensor Power
Note
These values are valid only for the power meter channel connected to
the Agilent E-series E9300 power sensor and only while the sensor is
connected. Averaging settings can also be manually configured. Refer
to “Achieving Stable Results with TDMA Signals” on page 25 if
required.
21
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Measuring Spread Spectrum and Multitone Signals
Measuring Spread Spectrum and Multitone Signals
To achieve high data transfer rates within a given bandwidth, many
transmission schemes are based around phase and amplitude (I and Q)
modulation. These include CDMA, W-CDMA and digital television. These
signals are characterized by their appearance on a spectrum analyzer display
— a high amplitude noise-like signal of bandwidths up to 20 MHz. An 8 MHz
bandwidth digital television signal is shown in Figure 5.
Figure 5 Spread Spectrum Signal
Prior to the HP E-series E9300 power sensors, average power measurement
over a wide dynamic range of these signals required either tuned/swept signal
analyzer methods or a dual channel power meter connected to power sensors,
pads and a power splitter.
The diode pair/attenuator/diode pair architecture of the HP E-series E9300
power sensors is ideally suited to the average power measurement of these
signals. The sensors have wide dynamic range (80 dB max, sensor dependent)
and are bandwidth independent.
Some signal modulation formats such as orthogonal-frequency-division
multiplexing (OFDM) and CDMA have large crest factors. The Agilent
E-series E9300/1/4A power sensors can measure +20 dBm average power even
in the presence of +13 dB peaks as long as the peak pulse duration is less than
10 microseconds. For high power applications, such as base-station testing the
E9300/1B and E9300/1H are recommended.
22
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Measuring Spread Spectrum and Multitone Signals
Figure 6 and Figure 7 show typical results obtained when measuring a CDMA
signal. In these examples, the error is determined by measuring the source at
the amplitude of interest, with and without CDMA modulation, adding
attenuation until the difference between the two values stops changing. The
CW sensor in Figure 6 uses correction factors to correct for power levels
beyond its square law operating region.
1.2
1
Lower Range Error
Upper Range Error
CW Sensor Error
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-30
-20
-10
0
10
30
20
0.2
Power (dBm)
Figure 6 Wideband CDMA Error of Agilent E-series E9300 power
sensor versus corrected CW sensor
0.1
Lower Range Error
Upper Range Error
0.05
0
-30
-20
0
10
30
-10
20
-0.05
-0.1
-0.15
-0.2
(E-Series E9300 power
sensor only shown)
Power (dBm)
Figure 7 CDMA (IS-95A): 9Ch Fwd
23
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Measuring Spread Spectrum and Multitone Signals
Multitone Signal Measurements
In addition to wide dynamic range, the HP E-series E9300 power sensors also
have an exceptionally flat calibration factor versus frequency response across
the entire frequency range as shown in Figure 8. This is ideal for amplifier
intermodulation distortion measurements where the components of the
two-tone or multitone test signal can be separated by hundreds of MHz.
110 %
105 %
Typical Upper Range
100 %
95 %
90 %
Calibration Factor
0
5
10
15
20
Frequency (GHz)
110 %
105 %
100 %
95 %
Typical Lower Range
Calibration Factor
90 %
0
5
10
15
20
Frequency (GHz)
Figure 8 Calibration Factors versus Frequency
Simply select an suitable single calibration factor frequency for your
Frequency
Cal Fac
measurement using the
key on the power meter.
24
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Measuring TDMA Signals
Measuring TDMA Signals
Power Meter and Sensor Operation
The voltages generated by the diode detectors in the power sensor can be very
small. Gain and signal conditioning are required to allow accurate
measurement. This is achieved using a 220 Hz (440 Hz in fast mode) square
wave output from the power meter to drive a chopper-amplifier in the power
sensor. Digital Signal Processing (DSP) of the generated square wave is used
by the power meter to recover the power sensor output and accurately
calculate the power level.
The chopper-amplifier technique provides noise immunity and allows large
physical distances between power sensor and power meter (Agilent 11730
series cables available up to 61 metres). Additional averaging helps reduce
noise susceptibility.
Achieving Stable Results with TDMA Signals
The averaging settings in the power meter are designed to reduce noise when
measuring continuous wave (CW) signals. Initial measurement of a pulsed
signal may appear unstable with jitter on the less significant displayed digits.
With pulsed signals the averaging period must be increased to allow
measurement over many cycles of the pulsed signal.
To set the averaging proceed as follows:
Note
The example shows the key labels for a single channel power meter.
Dual channel meter are similar, adding only channel identification to
the softkey labels.
System
More
1. Press
,
,
. Press the Filter softkey to
Input Settings
Inputs
access the filter menu.
2. The filter setting is displayed under the
softkey label. To
Length
change this setting first set manual mode by pressing the
Mode Man Auto softkey to highlight Man .
3. Press
and use the
,
,
or
to set the
Length
averaging you require. Confirm your entry by pressing
.
Enter
25
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Measuring TDMA Signals
Note
You should also ensure the filter is not reset when a step increase or
decrease in power is detected by switching the step detection off.
Switch off step detection as follows:
System
More
1. Press
,
,
.
Input Settings
Inputs
2. Press the Filter softkey to access the filter menu.
3. Press Step Det Off On to highlight Off .
The section “Setting the Range, Resolution and Accuracy” in the Agilent EPM
series power meters Programming Guide shows you how to configure these
parameters using the remote interface
Achieving Stable Results with GSM Signals
Signals with a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) close to a multiple or
sub-multiple of the 220 Hz chopper-amplifier signal generate a beat note at a
frequency between the PRF and 220 Hz. Control over the filter settings is again
required to obtain stable results.
The PRF of a GSM signal is approximately 217 Hz and thus requires more
averaging than most other TDMA signals. To achieve a stable measurement use
the filter setting procedures to set the
. Experimentally, a
Length
Length
setting of 148 gives optimum results although settings in the order of 31 or 32
give acceptable results if a faster measurement is required.
26
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Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Measurements
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Measurements
The low frequency range of the Agilent 9304A make it the ideal choice for
making EMC measurements to CISPR (Comite International Special
Perturbations Radioelectriques) requirements, and electromagnetic
interference (EMI) test applications such as the radiated immunity test
(IEC61000-4-3).
DC coupling of the Agilent 9304A input allows excellent low frequency
coverage. However, the presence of any dc voltages mixed with the signal will
have an adverse effect on the accuracy of the power measurement - see Figure
11 on Page 36.
Caution
The Agilent 9304A sensor is DC coupled. DC voltages in excess of the
maximum value (5 Vdc) can damage the sensing diode.
27
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Measurement Accuracy and Speed
Measurement Accuracy and Speed
The power meter has no internal ranges. The only ranges you can set are those
sensors). With an Agilent E-series E9300 power sensor the range can be set
either automatically or manually. Use autoranging when you are not sure of
the power level you are about to measure.
Caution
To prevent damage to your sensor do not exceed the power levels
specified in the section “Maximum Power” on page 35.
The Agilent 9304A sensor is DC coupled. DC voltages in excess of the
maximum value (5 Vdc) can damage the sensing diode.
Setting the Range
There are two manual settings, “LOWER” and “UPPER”. The LOWER range
uses the more sensitive path and the UPPER range uses the attenuated path in
the HP E-series E9300 power sensors (see Table 1).
Table 1 Sensor Ranges
Sensor
LOWER range
UPPER range
E9300/1/4A
E9300/1B
E9300/1H
-60 dBm to -10 dBm
-10 dBm to +20 dBm
-30 dBm to +20 dBm +20 dBm to +44 dBm
-50 dBm to 0 dBm 0 dBm to +30 dBm
The default is “AUTO”. In AUTO the range crossover value depends on the
sensor model being used (see Table 2).
Table 2 Range Crossover Values
E9300/1/4A
E9300/1B
E9300/1H
-10 dBm ±0.5 dBm
+20 dBm ±0.5 dBm 0 dBm ±0.5 dBm
28
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Measurement Accuracy and Speed
Configure the power meter as follows:
Note
The example shows the key labels for a single channel power meter.
Dual channel meters are similar, adding channel identification to the
softkey labels.
System
Inputs
1. Press
,
. The current setting is displayed under
Input Settings
the
softkey.
Range
2. To change this press
. A pop up window appears. Use
or
Range
to highlight your choice.
To confirm your choice press
.
Enter
The section “Setting the Range, Resolution and Accuracy” in the Agilent EPM
series power meters Programming Guide shows you how to configure these
parameters using the remote interface
Measurement Considerations
While autoranging is a good starting point, it is not ideal for all measurements.
Signal conditions such as crest factor or duty cycle may cause the power meter
to select a range which is not the optimum configuration for your specific
measurement needs. Signals with average power levels close to the range
switch point require you to consider your needs for measurement accuracy
and speed. For example, using an Agilent E9300/1/4A sensor, where the range
switch point is -10 ± 0.5 dBm in a pulsed signal configured as follows:
Characteristic
Value
Peak Amplitude
Duty Cycle
-6 dBm
25 %
the calculated average power is -12 dBm.
Accuracy
The value of -12 dBm lies in the lower range of the Agilent E-series E9300
power sensor. In autoranging mode (“AUTO”) the Agilent EPM series power
meter determines the average power level is below -10 dBm and selects the
low power path. However, the peak amplitude of -6 dBm is beyond the
specified, square law response range of the low power path diodes.The high
29
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Measurement Accuracy and Speed
power path (-10 dBm to +20 dBm) should be used to ensure a more accurate
measurement of this signal. However, range holding in “UPPER” (the high
power path), for a more accurate measurement, results in considerably more
filtering.
Speed and Averaging
The same signal also requires that consideration is given to measurement
speed. As shown above, in autoranging mode the Agilent EPM series power
meter selects the low power path in the Agilent E-series E9300 power sensor.
With auto-averaging also configured, minimal filtering is applied. Values of 1 to
4 for average power levels above -20 dBm are used in the low power path.
(Refer to “Auto-averaging Settings” on page 21.)
If the range is held in “UPPER” for more accuracy, the measurement is slower.
More filtering is applied due to the increase in noise susceptibility at the less
sensitive area of the high power path. Values of 1 to 128 for average power
levels less than -10 dBm are used. (Again, refer to “Auto-averaging Settings” on
page 21.) Manually lowering the filter settings speeds up the measurement but
can result in an unwanted level of jitter.
Summary
Attention must be paid to signals whose average power levels are in the low
power path range whilst their peaks are in the high power path range. You can
achieve best accuracy by selecting the high power path or best speed by
selecting the low power path.
30
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Introduction
Introduction
The Agilent E-series E9300 power sensors are average, wide dynamic range
power sensors designed for use with the Agilent EPM series power meters.
These specifications are valid ONLY after proper calibration of the power
meter and apply for continuous wave (CW) signals unless otherwise stated.
Specifications apply over the temperature range 0°C to +55°C unless otherwise
stated.
Specifications quoted over the temperature range 25°C ±10°C apply over 15%
to 75% relative humidity and conform to the standard environmental test
conditions as defined in TIA/EIA/IS-97-A and TIA/EIA/IS-98-A1.
The Agilent E-series E9300 power sensors have two independent measurement
paths (high and low power paths):
Sensor
Low Power Path
High Power Path
E9300/1/4A
E9300/1B
E9300/1H
-60 dBm to -10 dBm
-30 dBm to +20 dBm
-50 dBm to 0 dBm
-10 dBm to +20 dBm
+20 dBm to +44 dBm
0 dBm to +30 dBm
Some specifications are detailed for individual measurement path, with the
automatic switching point at -10 dBm for the E9300/1/4A, 20 dBm for the
E9300/1B and 0 dBm for the E9300/1H.
Supplemental characteristics, which are shown in italics, are intended to
provide information useful in applying the power sensors by giving typical, but
nonwarranted performance parameters. These characteristics are shown in
italics or denoted as “typical”, “nominal” or “approximate”.
1. TIA is the Telecommunications Industry Association; EIA is the Electronic
Industries Association.
TIA/EIA/IS-97-A is the recommended Minimum Performance Standard for Base
Stations Supporting Dual-Mode Wideband Spread Spectrum Cellular Mobile
Stations.
TIA/EIA/IS-98-A is the recommended Minimum Performance Standard for
Dual-Mode Wideband Spread Spectrum Cellular Mobile Stations.
32
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E9300/1/4/A Power Sensor Specifications
E9300/ 1/ 4/ A Power Sensor Specifications
Frequency Range
Connector Type
Frequency Range
10 MHz to 18.0 GHz
10 MHz to 6.0 GHz
9 kHz to 6.0 GHz
E9300A
E9301A
E9304A
Type - N (Male) 50 ohm
Maximum SWR
(25°C±10°C)
Frequency
SWR
1.15
1.13
1.19
1.22
1.26
E9300A
10 MHz to 30 MHz
30 MHz to 2 GHz
2 GHz to 14 GHz
14 GHz to 16 GHz
16 GHz to 18 GHz
E9301A
E9304A
10 MHz to 30 MHz
30 MHz to 2 GHz
2 GHz to 6 GHz
1.15
1.13
1.19
9 kHz to 2 GHz
2 GHz to 6 GHz
1.13
1.19
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E9300/1/4/A Power Sensor Specifications
Maximum SWR
(0°C to +55°C)
Frequency
SWR
1.21
1.15
1.20
1.23
1.27
E9300A
10 MHz to 30 MHz
30 MHz to 2 GHz
2 GHz to 14 GHz
14 GHz to 16 GHz
16 GHz to 18 GHz
E9301A
E9304A
10 MHz to 30 MHz
30 MHz to 2 GHz
2 GHz to 6 GHz
1.21
1.15
1.20
9 kHz to 2 GHz
2 GHz to 6 GHz
1.15
1.20
SWR
1.20
1.15
1.10
1.05
1.00
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
GHz
Figure 9 Typical SWR 10 MHz to 18 GHz (25°C ±10°C)
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E9300/1/4/A Power Sensor Specifications
Figure 10 Typical SWR 9 kHz to 6 GHz (25°C ±10°C) E9304A
Maximum Power
+25 dBm (320 mW) average
+33 dBm peak (2 W) <10µs
Maximum DC Voltage
The Agilent E9304A sensor is dc coupled. DC coupling of the input allows
excellent low frequency coverage. However, the presence of dc voltages mixed
with the signal will have an effect on the accuracy of the power measurement
(see graph below).
Caution
DC voltages in excess of the maximum value (5 V) can damage the
sensing diode.
Maximum dc voltage: 5 Vdc (E9304A only)
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E9300/1/4/A Power Sensor Specifications
Figure 11 Typical Power Error Introduced in an Agilent E9304A
power sensor by DC Voltage
Power Linearity
After Zero and Calibration at ambient environmental conditions.
Linearity
25°C ±10°C
Linearity
0°C to 55°C
Power Level
-60 dBm to -10 dBm
-10 dBm to 0 dBm
0 dBm to +20 dBm
±3.0%
±2.5%
±2.0%
±3.5%
±3.0%
±2.5%
36
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E9300/1/4/A Power Sensor Specifications
% Error
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
Power (dBm)
Figure 12 Typical Power Linearity at 25°C, after zero and
calibration, with associated Measurement Uncertainty
-30 to
-20 dBm
-20 to
-10 dBm
-10 to
0 dBm
0 to
10 dBm
10 to
20 dBm
Measurement
Uncertainty
±0.9%
±0.8%
±0.65%
±0.55%
±0.45%
Note
If the temperature changes after calibration and you choose not to
re-calibrate the sensor, Additional Power Linearity Error (next
table) should be added to the Power Linearity specifications shown
above. The typical maximum Additional Power Linearity error due
to temperature change after calibration at 25°C, for small changes
in temperature, is ±0.15%/°C (valid after zeroing the sensor).
For larger changes refer to the following table.
37
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E9300/1/4/A Power Sensor Specifications
Additional Power
Linearity Error Due to Change in Temperature
Additional Power
Linearity Error
25°C ±10°C
Additional Power
Linearity Error
0°C to 55°C
Power Level
-60 dBm to - 10 dBm
-10 dBm to +10 dBm
+10 dBm to +20 dBm
±1.5%
±1.5%
±1.5%
±2.0%
±2.5%
±2.0%
+20 dBm
±2%
±1%
-10 dBm
±1%
±2%
Measured
Power
-60 dBm
-60 dBm
-10 dBm
Reference Power
+20 dBm
Figure 13 Relative Mode Power Measurement Linearity with
Agilent EPM power meter at 25°C ±10°C (typical)
Figure 13 shows the typical uncertainty in making a relative power
measurement, using the same power meter channel and same power sensor to
obtain the reference and the measured values. It assumes that negligible
changes in frequency and mismatch error occur when transitioning from the
power level used as the reference to the power level being measured.
38
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E9300/1/4/A Power Sensor Specifications
Switching Point
The Agilent E-series E9300 power sensors have two paths, a low power path
covering -60 dBm to -10 dBm, and a high power path covering -10 dBm to
+20 dBm. The power meter automatically selects the proper power level path.
To avoid unnecessary switching when the power level is near the -10 dBm
point, Switching Point Hysteresis has been added. This hysteresis causes
the low power path to remain selected until approximately -9.5 dBm as the
power level is increased, above this power the high power path is selected.The
high power path remains selected until approximately -10.5 dBm as the signal
level decreases, below this power the low power path is selected.
Error
Offset at Switch Point
≤±0.5% (≤±0.02 dB) typical
Switching Point Hysteresis
0.5 dB typical
Zero Set,
Zero Drift and
Measurement Noise
Conditions
(RH)1
Measurement
Zero Drift2
Zero Set
Noise3
700 pW
700 pW
Lower Range
15% to 75%
75% to 95%
500 pW
150 pW
(-60 to -
10 dBm)
500 pW
4,000 pW
Upper Range
15% to 75%
75% to 95%
500 nW
150 nW
500 nW
(-10 to
500 nW
3,000 nW
500 nW
+20 dBm)
1. RH is the abbreviation for Relative Humidity.
2. Within 1 hour after zero set, at a constant temperature, after a 24 hour
warm-up of the power meter with sensor connected.
3. The number of averages at 16 for Normal mode and 32 for x2 mode, at a constant
temperature, measured over a one minute interval and two standard deviations.
39
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E9300/1/4/A Power Sensor Specifications
Settling Time
In FAST mode (using Free Run trigger), for a 10 dB decreasing power step, the
settling time is:
Time
10 ms1
E4418B
20 msa
E4419B
1. When a power step crosses the auto-range switch point of the
sensor, add 25 ms.
Number of
Averages
1
6
3
2
6
4
12 25 51 1,02
1
2
4
8
8
6
2
4
0.
0.
0.
0. 1.
1
.
8
3. 6.
1
3
27
57
Settling Time1 (s)
(Normal Mode)
07 12 21
4
0
3
5
0.
0.
0.
0. 0.
1
.
0
1. 3. 6. 14
.2
32
Settling Timea (s)
(x2 Mode)
04 07 12 21
4
8
4
8
1. Manual filter, 10 dB decreasing power step (not across the switching point)
40
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E9300/1/4/A Power Sensor Specifications
X2 Mode
Maximum Sensor Power
Normal Mode
Maximum Sensor Power
40 ms
+10 dBm
120 ms
70 ms
+10 dBm
210 ms
400 ms
1 s
+2 dBm
+2 dBm
-4 dBm
210 ms
-4 dBm
Sensor
Sensor
Dynamic
Range
400 ms
Dynamic
-10 dBm
-10 dBm
-20 dBm
-30 dBm
-40 dBm
-50 dBm
Range
40 ms
70 ms
120 ms
1 s
-20 dBm
Typical
Settling
Times
Typical
Settling
Times
70 ms
-30 dBm
400 ms
-40 dBm
3.4 s
6.5 s
-50 dBm
6.8 s
13 s
Minimum Sensor Power
Minimum Sensor Power
Figure 14 Autofilter, default resolution, 10 dB decreasing power
step (not across the switching point)
Calibration Factor and Reflection Coefficient
Calibration Factor (CF) and Reflection Coefficient (Rho) data are provided on
a data sheet included with the power sensor. This data is unique to each
sensor. If you have more than one sensor, match the serial number on the data
sheet with the serial number on the power sensor you are using. The CF
corrects for the frequency response of the sensor. Agilent EPM series power
meters automatically read the CF data stored in the sensor and use it to make
the corrections.
Reflection Coefficient (Rho, or ρ) relates to the SWR according to the
following formula:
1 + ρ
SWR = ------------
1 – ρ
Maximum uncertainties of the CF data are listed in the following tables.
As the Agilent E-series E9300 power sensors have two independent
measurement paths (high and low power paths), there are two calibration
factor uncertainty tables for each sensor. The uncertainty analysis for the
calibration of the sensors was done in accordance with ISO Guide. The
uncertainty data reported on the calibration certificate is the expanded
uncertainty with a 95% confidence level and a coverage factor of 2.
41
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E9300/1/4/A Power Sensor Specifications
Cal Factor Uncertainty
(Low Power Path,-60 to -10 dBm)
Frequency
Uncertainty (25°C±±10°C)
Uncertainty (0°C to 55°C)
E9300A
E9301A
-
E9304A
E9300A
E9301A
-
E9304A
9 kHz to 10 MHz
-
±1.7%
±1.7%
±1.7%
±1.7%
±1.7%
-
-
±2.0%
±2.0%
±2.0%
±2.0%
±2.0%
-
10 MHz to 30 MHz
30 MHz to 500 MHz
500 MHz to 1.2GHz
1.2 GHz to 6 GHz
6 GHz to 14 GHz
±1.8%
±1.6%
±1.8%
±1.7%
±1.8%
±2.0%
±1.8%
±1.6%
±1.8%
±1.7%
-
±2.2%
±2.0%
±2.5%
±2.0%
±2.0%
±2.2%
±2.2%
±2.0%
±2.5%
±2.0%
-
14 GHz to 18 GHz
-
-
-
-
Cal Factor Uncertainty
(High Power Path,-10 to +20 dBm)
Frequency
Uncertainty (25°C±±10°C)
Uncertainty (0°C to 55°C)
E9300A
E9301A
-
E9304A
E9300A
E9301A
-
E9304A
9 kHz to 10 MHz
-
±2.0%
±2.0%
±2.0%
±2.2%
±1.8%
-
-
±3.4%
±3.4%
±3.4%
±3.4%
±2.1%
-
10 MHz to 30 MHz
30 MHz to 500 MHz
500 MHz to 1.2GHz
1.2 GHz to 6 GHz
6 GHz to 14 GHz
±2.1%
±1.8%
±2.3%
±1.8%
±1.9%
±2.2%
±2.1%
±1.8%
±2.3%
±1.8%
-
±4.0%
±3.0%
±4.0%
±2.1%
±2.3%
±3.3%
±4.0%
±3.0%
±4.0%
±2.1%
-
14 GHz to 18 GHz
-
-
-
-
42
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E9300/1/4/A Power Sensor Specifications
General
Physical Characteristics
Net Weight
Dimensions
0.18 kg (0.4 lb)
Length: 130 mm (5.1 in)
Width: 38 mm (1.5 in)
Height: 30 mm (1.2 in)
Storage and Shipment
The sensor should be stored in a clean, dry
environment
Environment
Temperature
Relative Humidity
Altitude
-55°C to +75°C
<95% at 40°C
<15,240 metres (50,000 feet)
43
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E9300/1B and H Power Sensor Specifications
E9300/ 1B and H Power Sensor Specifications
Frequency Range
Connector Type
Frequency Range
E9300B/ H
E9301B/ H
10 MHz to 18.0 GHz
10 MHz to 6.0 GHz
Type - N (Male) 50 ohm
Maximum SWR
(25°C±10°C)
Frequency
SWR
1.12
1.17
1.24
E9300B
10 MHz to 2 GHz
2 GHz to 12.4 GHz
12.4 GHz to 18 GHz
E9301B
E9300H
10 MHz to 6 GHz
1.12
10 MHz to 8 GHz
8 GHz to 12.4 GHz
12.4 GHz to 18 GHz
1.15
1.25
1.28
E9301H
10 MHz to 6 GHz
1.15
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E9300/1B and H Power Sensor Specifications
Maximum SWR
(0°C to +55°C)
Frequency
SWR
E9300B
10 MHz to 2 GHz
2 GHz to 12.4 GHz
12.4 GHz to 18 GHz
1.14
1.18
1.25
E9301B
E9300H
10 MHz to 6 GHz
1.14
10 MHz to 8 GHz
8 GHz to 12.4 GHz
12.4 GHz to 18 GHz
1.17
1.26
1.29
E9301H
10 MHz to 6 GHz
1.17
SWR
1.20
1.15
1.10
1.05
1.00
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
GHz
Figure 15 E9300B Typical SWR (25°C ±10°C)
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E9300/1B and H Power Sensor Specifications
SWR
1.20
1.15
1.10
1.05
1.00
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
GHz
Figure 16 E9300H Typical SWR 10 MHz to 18 GHz (25°C ±10°C)
46
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E9300/1B and H Power Sensor Specifications
Maximum Power
Maximum Power
Sensor
0°C to 35°C
30 W average
35°C to 55°C
<6.0 GHz
>6.0 GHz
E9300/ 1B
25 W average
500 W Peak
125 W Peak
500 Wµs per pulse
500 Wµs per
500 Wµs per
500 Wµs per
pulse
pulse
pulse
E9300/ 1H
3.16 W average
3.16 W average
100 W Peak
100 W Peak
100 Wµs per pulse
100 Wµs per
100 Wµs per
100 Wµs per
pulse
pulse
pulse
Power Linearity
After Zero and Calibration at ambient environmental conditions.
Linearity
25°C ±10°C
Linearity
0°C to 55°C
Sensor
Power Level
E9300/ 1B
-30 dBm to +20 dBm
+20 dBm to +30 dBm
+30 dBm to +44 dBm
±3.5%
±4.0%
±3.5%
±3.0%
±3.0%
±2.5%
E9300/ 1H
-50 dBm to 0 dBm
0 dBm to +10 dBm
+10 dBm to +30 dBm
±4.0%
±3.5%
±3.0%
±5.0%
±4.0%
±3.5%
47
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E9300/1B and H Power Sensor Specifications
% Error
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Power Level (dBm)
Figure 17 E9300B Typical Power Linearity at 25°C, after zero and
calibration with associated Measurement Uncertainty
E9300/ 1B
-6 to 0 dBm
0 to 10 dBm
10 to 20 dBm
20 to 26 dBm
Measurement
Uncertainty
±0.65%
±0.55%
±0.45%
±0.31%
See Note on page -49.
48
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E9300/1B and H Power Sensor Specifications
% Error
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
Power Level (dBm)
Figure 18 E9300H Typical Power Linearity at 25°C, after zero and
calibration with associated Measurement Uncertainty
-26 to
-20 dBm
-20 to
-10 dBm
-10 to
0 dBm
0 to
10 to
20 to
E9300/ 1H
10 dBm 20 dBm 26 dBm
Measurement
Uncertainty
±0.9%
±0.8%
±0.65% ±0.55% ±0.45%
±0.31%
Note
If the temperature changes after calibration and you choose not to
re-calibrate the sensor, Additional Power Linearity Error (next
table) should be added to the Power Linearity specification shown
above. The typical maximum Additional Power Linearity error due
to temperature change after calibration at 25°C, for small changes
in temperature, is ±0.2%/°C (valid after zeroing the sensor).
For larger changes refer to the following table.
49
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E9300/1B and H Power Sensor Specifications
Additional Power Linearity Error due to Change in Temperature
Additional Power
Linearity Error
Additional Power
Linearity Error
0°C to 55°C
Sensor
Power Level
25°C ±10°C
E9300/ 1B
-30 dBm to +20 dBm
+20 dBm to +30 dBm
±1.5%
±1.5%
±1.5%
±2.0%
±2.5%
±2.0%
+30 dBm to +44 dBm
-50 dBm to 0 dBm
0 dBm to +10 dBm
+10 dBm to +30 dBm
±1.5%
±1.5%
±1.5%
±2.0%
±2.5%
±2.0%
Figure 19 shows the typical uncertainty in making a relative power
measurement, using the same power meter channel and same power sensor to
obtain the reference and measured values. It assumes that negligible changes
in frequencies and mismatch error occur when transitioning from the power
level used as the reference to the power level being measured.
50
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E9300/1B and H Power Sensor Specifications
B ; H
+44; +30 dBm
±2%
±1%
+20; 0 dBm
Measured
Power
±1%
±2%
-30; -50 dBm
+20; 0 dBm
Reference Power
+44;+30 dBm
-30; -50 dBm
Figure 19 Relative Mode Power Measurement Linearity with Agilent
EPM power meter at 25°C ±10°C (typical)
Switching Point
The Agilent E-series E9300 power sensors have two paths, a lower path and a
higher path. The power meter automatically selects the proper power level
path. To avoid unnecessary switching when the power level is near the switch
point, Switching Point Hysteresis has been added. This hysteresis causes
the low power path to remain selected until approximately 0.5 dB above the
switch point as the power level is increased. Above this power, the high power
path is selected. The high power path remains selected until approximately 0.5
dB below the switch point as the signal level decreases. Below this power, the
lower path is selected. 0 dBm is the switch point for the E9300/01B sensors
while the E9300/01H sensors switch at 20 dBm.
51
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E9300/1B and H Power Sensor Specifications
Error
Offset at Switch Point
≤±0.5% (≤±0.02 dB) typical
0.5 dB typical
Switching Point Hysteresis
Conditions
(RH)1
Measurement
Zero Drift2
E9300/ 1B
Zero Set
Noise3
700 nW
700 nW
Lower Range
15% to 75%
75% to 95%
500 nW
150 nW
(-30 to
+20 dBm)
500 nW
4 µW
Upper Range
15% to 75%
75% to 95%
500 µW
150 µW
500 µW
(+20 to
+44 dBm)
500 µW
3 mW
500 µW
E9300/ 1H
Lower Range
15% to 75%
75% to 95%
5 nW
5 nW
1.5 nW
40 nW
7 nW
7 nW
(-50 to 0 dBm)
Upper Range
15% to 75%
75% to 95%
5 µW
5 µW
1.5 µW
30 µW
5 µW
5 µW
(0 to +30 dBm)
1. RH is the abbreviation for Relative Humidity.
2. Within 1 hour after zero set, at a constant temperature, after a 24 hour
warm-up of the power meter with sensor connected.
3. The number of averages at 16 for Normal mode and 32 for x2 mode, at a constant
temperature, measured over a one minute interval and two standard deviations.
52
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E9300/1B and H Power Sensor Specifications
Settling Time
In FAST mode (using Free Run trigger), for a 10 dB decreasing power step, the
settling time is:
Time
10 ms1
E4418B
20 msa
E4419B
1. When a power step crosses the auto-range switch point of the
sensor, add 25 ms.
Number of
Averages
1
6
3
2
6
4
12 25 51 1,02
1
2
4
8
8
6
2
4
0.
0.
0.
0. 1.
1
.
8
3. 6.
1
3
27
57
Settling Time1 (s)
(Normal Mode)
07 12 21
4
0
3
5
0.
0.
0.
0. 0.
1
.
0
1. 3. 6. 14
.2
32
Settling Timea (s)
(x2 Mode)
04 07 12 21
4
8
4
8
1. Manual filter, 10 dB decreasing power step (not across the switching point)
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E9300/1B and H Power Sensor Specifications
Normal
Mode
X2
Mode
E9300/1B
E9300/1H
Maximum Sensor Power
40 ms
70 ms
210 ms
400 ms
1 s
High Power
Path
+40 dBm
+32 dBm
+26 dBm
+20 dBm
+10 dBm
0 dBm
+20 dBm
+12 dBm
+6 dBm
0 dBm
120 ms
210 ms
Sensor
Dynamic
Range
400 ms
40 ms
Typical
Settling
Times
70 ms
120 ms
1 s
-10 dBm
-20 dBm
-30 dBm
-40 dBm
70 ms
400 ms
3.4 s
-10 dBm
-20 dBm
Low Power
Path
6.5 s
13 s
6.8 s
Minimum Sensor Power
Figure 20 E9300/1B & H Autofilter, default resolution, 10 dB
decreasing power step (not across the switching point)
Calibration Factor and Reflection Coefficient
Calibration Factor (CF) and Reflection Coefficient (Rho) data are provided on
a data sheet included with the power sensor. This data is unique to each
sensor. If you have more than one sensor, match the serial number on the data
sheet with the serial number on the power sensor you are using. The CF
corrects for the frequency response of the sensor. The Agilent EPM series
power meters automatically read the CF data stored in the sensor and use it to
make the corrections.
Reflection Coefficient (Rho, or ρ) relates to the SWR according to the
following formula:
1 + ρ
SWR = ------------
1 – ρ
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E9300/1B and H Power Sensor Specifications
Maximum uncertainties of the CF data are listed in the following tables.
As the Agilent E-series E9300 power sensors have two independent
measurement paths (high and low power paths), there are two calibration
factor uncertainty tables for each sensor. The uncertainty analysis for the
calibration of the sensors was done in accordance with ISO Guide. The
uncertainty data reported on the calibration certificate is the expanded
uncertainty with a 95% confidence level and coverage factor of two.
Cal Factor Uncertainty (Low Power Path)
Frequency
Uncertainty (25°C±±10°C)
Uncertainty (0°C to 55°C)
E9300B
E9301B
E9300H
E9301H
E9300B
E9301B
E9300H
E9301H
10 MHz to
30 MHz
±1.8%
±1.8%
±1.8%
±1.8%
±2.2%
±2.2%
±2.2%
±2.2%
30 MHz to
500 MHz
±1.6%
±1.8%
±1.7%
±1.8%
±2.0%
±1.6%
±1.6%
±1.8%
±1.7%
±1.8%
±2.0%
±1.6%
±1.8%
±1.7%
±2.0%
±2.5%
±2.0%
±2.0%
±2.2%
±2.0%
±2.0%
±2.5%
±2.0%
±2.0
±2.0%
500 MHz to
1.2 GHz
±1.8%
±2.5%
±2.5%
1.2 GHz to
6 GHz
±1.7%
±2.0%
±2.0%
6 GHz to
14 GHz
-
-
-
-
-
-
14 GHz to
18 GHz
±2.2
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E9300/1B and H Power Sensor Specifications
Cal Factor Uncertainty (High Power Path)
Frequency
Uncertainty (25°C±±10°C)
Uncertainty (0°C to 55°C)
E9300B
E9301B
E9300H
E9301H
E9300B
E9301B
E9300H
E9301H
10 MHz to
30 MHz
±2.1%
±2.1%
±2.6%
±2.6%
±4.0%
±4.0%
±5.0%
±5.0%
30 MHz to
500 MHz
±1.8%
±2.3%
±1.8%
±1.9%
±2.2%
±1.8%
±2.3%
±2.8%
±2.3%
±2.4%
±2.7%
±2.3%
±2.8%
±2.3%
±3.0%
±4.0%
±2.1%
±2.3%
±3.3%
±2.0%
±3.5%
±4.5%
±2.6%
±2.8
±3.5%
500 MHz to
1.2 GHz
±2.3%
±4.0%
±4.5%
1.2 GHz to
6 GHz
±1.8%
±2.1%
±2.6%
6 GHz to
14 GHz
-
-
-
-
-
-
14 GHz to
18 GHz
±3.8
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E9300/1B and H Power Sensor Specifications
General
Physical Characteristics
E9300/ 1B
E9300/ 1H
Net Weight
Dimensions
0.8 kg (1.74 lb)
0.2 kg (0.5 lb)
Length: 275 mm (10.8 in)
Width: 115 mm (4.5 in)
Height: 82 mm (3.2 in)
Length: 172 mm (6.8 in)
Width: 38 mm (1.5 in)
Height: 30 mm (1.2 in)
Storage and Shipment
The sensor should be stored in a clean, dry
environment
Environment
Temperature
Relative Humidity
Altitude
-55°C to +75°C
<95% at 40°C
<15,240 metres (50,000 feet)
References
TIA is the Telecommunications Industry Association; EIA is the Electronic
Industries Association.
TIA/EIA/IS-97-A is the Recommended Minimum Performance Standards for
Base Stations Supporting Dual-Mode Wideband Spread Spectrum Cellular
Mobile Stations.
TIA/EIA/IS-98-A is the Recommended Minimum Performance Standards for
Dual-Mode Wideband Spread Spectrum Cellular Mobile Stations.
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E9300/1B and H Power Sensor Specifications
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General Information
General Information
This chapter contains information about general maintenance, performance
tests, troubleshooting and repair of Agilent E-series E9300 power sensors.
Cleaning
Use a clean, damp cloth to clean the body of the Agilent E-series E9300 power
sensor.
Connector Cleaning
Caution
Caution
The RF connector beads deteriorate when contacted by hydrocarbon
compounds such as acetone, trichloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride,
and benzene.
Clean the connector only at a static free workstation. Electrostatic
discharge to the center pin of the connector will render the power
sensor inoperative.
Keeping in mind its flammable nature; a solution of pure isopropyl or ethyl
alcohol can be used to clean the connector.
Clean the connector face using a cotton swab dipped in isopropyl alcohol. If
the swab is too big use a round wooden toothpick wrapped in a lint free cotton
cloth dipped in isopropyl alcohol. Refer to Agilent Application Note 326,
Principles of Microwave Connector Care (5954-1566) or Microwave Connector
Care (08510-90064) for proper cleaning methods.
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Performance Test
Performance Test
Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) and Reflection Coefficient (Rho)
Performance Test
This section does not establish preset SWR test procedures since there are
several test methods and different equipment available for testing the SWR or
reflection coefficient. Therefore, the actual accuracy of the test equipment
must be accounted for when measuring against instrument specifications to
determine a pass or fail condition. The test system used must not exceed the
system Rho uncertainties shown in the following tables when testing the
Agilent E-series E9300 power sensors.
Table 3: Power Sensor SWR and Reflection Coefficient for the E9300A
Frequency
System Rho
Uncertainty
Actual
Measurement
Maximum
Rho
10 MHz to 30 MHz
30 MHz to 2 GHz
2 GHz to 14 GHz
14 GHz to 16 GHz
16 GHz to 18 GHz
±0.010
±0.010
±0.010
±0.010
±0.010
0.070
0.061
0.087
0.099
0.115
Table 4: Power Sensor SWR and Reflection Coefficient for the E9301A
Frequency
System Rho
Uncertainty
Actual
Measurement
Maximum
Rho
10 MHz to 30 MHz
30 MHz to 2 GHz
2 GHz to 6 GHz
±0.010
±0.010
±0.010
0.070
0.061
0.087
Caution
DC voltages in excess of the maximum value (5 Vdc) can damage the
sensing diode.
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Performance Test
Table 5: Power Sensor SWR and Reflection Coefficient for the Agilent 9304A
Frequency
System Rho
Uncertainty
Actual
Measurement
Maximum
Rho
9 kHz to 2 GHz
2 GHz to 6 GHz
±0.010
±0.010
0.061
0.087
Table 21
Power Sensor SWR and Reflection Coefficient for the Agilent E9300B
Frequency
System Rho
Uncertainty
Actual
Measurement
Maximum
Rho
10 MHz to 8 GHz
8 GHz to 12.4GHz
12.4 GHz to 18 GHz
±0.010
±0.010
±0.010
0.057
0.078
0.107
Table 22
Table 23
Power Sensor SWR and Reflection Coefficient for the Agilent E9301B
Frequency
System Rho
Uncertainty
Actual
Measurement
Maximum
Rho
10 MHz to 6 GHz
±0.010
0.057
Power Sensor SWR and Reflection Coefficient for the Agilent E9300H
Frequency
System Rho
Uncertainty
Actual
Measurement
Maximum
Rho
10 MHz to 8 GHz
8 GHz to 12.4GHz
12.4 GHz to 18 GHz
±0.010
±0.010
±0.010
0.070
0.111
0.123
Table 24
Power Sensor SWR and Reflection Coefficient for the Agilent E9301H
Frequency
System Rho
Uncertainty
Actual
Measurement
Maximum
Rho
10 MHz to 6 GHz
±0.010
0.070
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Replaceable Parts
Replaceable Parts
Figure 25 is the illustrated parts breakdown (IPB) that identifies all of the
replaceable parts. To order a part, quote the Agilent part number, specify the
quantity required, and address the order to the nearest Agilent office.
Note
Within the USA, it is better to order directly from the Agilent Parts
Center in Roseville, California. Ask your nearest Agilent office for
information and forms for the “Direct Mail Order System.” Also your
nearest Agilent office can supply toll free telephone numbers for
ordering parts and supplies.
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Replaceable Parts
MP
Reference
Designation
Agilent Part
Number
Qty
Description
A1/A2
E9300A
E9300B
E9300H
E9301A
E9301B
E9301H
E9304A
E9300-60006
E9300-60017
E9300-60018
E9301-60007
E9301-60001
E9301-60002
E9304-60003
1
SENSOR MODULE
1
1
1
1
1
1
SENSOR MODULE
SENSOR MODULE
SENSOR MODULE
SENSOR MODULE
SENSOR MODULE
SENSOR MODULE
A1/A2
E9300A
E9300B
E9300H
E9301A
E9301B
E9301H
E9304A
E9300-69006
E9300-69017
E9300-69018
E9301-69007
E9301-68001
E9301-69002
E9304-69003
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
RESTORED SENSOR MODULE
RESTORED SENSOR MODULE1
RESTORED SENSOR MODULE
RESTORED SENSOR MODULE
RESTORED SENSOR MODULE1
RESTORED SENSOR MODULE
RESTORED SENSOR MODULE
CHASSIS
PARTS
MP1
5041-9160
2
2
2
SHELL-PLASTIC
SHELL-PLASTIC
CHASSIS
MP2
5041-9160
MP3
08481-20011
08481-20011
08481-00002
08481-00002
E9300-80001
E9300-80002
E9300-80003
E9301-80001
MP4
CHASSIS
MP8
SHIELD
MP9
SHIELD
MP26
MP26
MP26
MP26
1
1
1
1
LABEL, ID E9300A
LABEL, ID E9300B
LABEL, ID E9300H
LABEL, ID E9301A
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Replaceable Parts
Reference
Designation
Agilent Part
Qty
Description
LABEL, ID E9301B
Number
MP26
MP26
MP26
MP27
MP30
MP30
MP31
E9301-80003
E9301-80002
E9304-80001
7121-7389
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
LABEL, ID E9301H
LABEL, ID E9304A
LABEL, POWER SENSOR
LABEL, CAL/ESD
7121-7388
E9304-80002
00346-80011
LABEL, CAUTION E9304A
LABEL, CAUTION
1 Includes attenuator assembly
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Service
Service
Service instructions consist of principles of operation, troubleshooting, and
repairs.
Principles of Operation
The A1 Bulkhead assembly on the Agilent E-series E9300 power sensors
provides a 50 ohm load to the RF signal applied to the power sensor. The A1
Bulkhead assembly on the E9300/1B sensors includes a 30 dB attenuator that
can be disconnected by means of a Type-N connector. The A1 Bulkhead
assembly on the E9300/1H sensors includes a 10 dB attenuator in the front end.
A dual range GaAs diode pair/attenuator/diode pair assembly in the bulkhead
rectifies the applied RF to produce dc voltages (high and low ranges) which
vary with the RF power across the 50 ohm load. Thus the voltage varies with
the RF power dissipated in the load.
The low-level dc voltages from the bulkhead assembly are amplified before
they are transferred on standard cables to the power meter. The amplification
is provided by an input amplifier assembly which consists of a chopper
(sampling gate) and an input amplifier. The chopper circuit converts the dc
voltages to ac voltages. The chopper is controlled by a 220 Hz square wave
generated by the power meter. The amplitude of the sampling gate output is a
220 Hz square wave which varies with the RF power input. The 220 Hz ac
output is applied to an amplifier which provides the input to the power meter.
The Agilent EPM series power meter automatically detects when an
Agilent E-series E9300 power sensor is connected and downloads the
correction data from the sensor’s EEPROM. In the E9300/1B/H the EEPROM
contains an offset value for the measured attenuation value of the attenuator
used in the bulkhead assembly. Thus, the attenuator is matched to a particular
sensor. The auto-averaging settings are also configured automatically for use
with Agilent E-series E9300 power sensors. This configures the power meter to
operate over the range with that particular sensor’s unique correction data
applied.
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Service
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting information is intended to first isolate the power sensor, the
cable, or the power meter as the defective component. When the power sensor
is isolated, an appropriate Sensor Module must be used for repair.
If error message 241 or 310 is indicated on the power meter, suspect a failed
power sensor. If no error message is displayed, but a problem occurs when
making a measurement, try replacing the cable from the power meter to the
power sensor. If the problem still exists, try using a different power sensor to
determine if the problem is in the power meter or in the power sensor.
Caution
Electrostatic discharge will render the power sensor inoperative. Do
not, under any circumstances, open the power sensor unless you and
the power sensor are in a static free environment.
Repair of Defective Sensor
There are no serviceable parts inside the Agilent E-series E9300 power
sensors. If the sensor is defective, replace the entire “module” with the
appropriate “Restored Sensor Module.”
Disassembly Procedure
Disassemble the power sensor by performing the following steps:
Caution
Disassemble the power sensor only in a static free workstation.
Electrostatic discharge renders the power sensor inoperative.
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Service
Figure 26 Removing Power Sensor Shell
1. At the rear of the power sensor, insert the blade of a screwdriver
between the plastic shells (See Figure 26). To prevent damage to the
plastic shells use a screwdriver blade as wide as the slot between the
two shells.
2. Pry alternately at both sides of the connector J1 until the plastic shells
are apart. Remove the shells and the magnetic shields.
Reassembly Procedure
1. Replace the magnetic shields and the plastic shells as shown in
Figure 25. Snap the plastic shells together.
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Sales and Service Offices
Sales and Service Offices
For more information about Agilent Technologies test and measurement
products, applications, services, and for a current sales office listing, visit our
You can also contact one of the following centers and ask for a test and
measurement sales representative.
Asia Pacific:
Agilent Technologies
19/F, Cityplaza One, 1111 King’s Road,
Taikoo Shing, Hong Kong, SAR
(tel) (852) 2599 7889
(fax) (852) 2506 9233
Japan:
Agilent Technologies Japan Ltd.
Measurement Assistance Center
9-1, Takakura-Cho, Hachioji-Shi
Yokyo, 192-8510
(tel) (81) 426 56 7832
(fax) (81) 426 56 7840
Australia/ New Zealand:
Agilent Technologies Australia Pty Ltd
347 Burwood Highway
Forest Hill, Victoria 3131
(tel) 1-800 629 485 (Australia)
(fax) (61 3) 9272 0749
(tel) 0 800 738 378 (New Zealand)
(fax) (64 4) 802 6881
Canada:
Agilent Technologies Canada Inc.
5150 Spectrum Way,
Mississauga, Ontario
L4W 5G1
(tel) 1 877 894 4414
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Sales and Service Offices
Europe:
Agilent Technologies
Test & Measurement
European Marketing Organisation
P.O. Box999
1180 AZ Amstelveen
The Netherlands
(tel) (31 20) 547 9999
Latin America:
Agilent Technologies
Latin American Region Headquarters
5200 Blue Lagoon Drive, Suite #950
Miami, Florida 33126
U.S.A.
(tel) (305) 267 4245
(fax) (305) 267 4286
United States:
Agilent Technologies
Test and Measurement Call Center
P.O. Box4026
Englewood, CO 80155-4026
(tel) 1 800 452 488
In any correspondence or telephone conversations, refer to the power sensor
by its model number and full serial number. With this information, the Agilent
Technologies representative can quickly determine whether your unit is still
within its warranty period.
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