Agilent Technologies Clock Radio 2 User Manual

Agilent 83491/2/3A  
Clock Recovery Modules  
User’s Guide  
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General Safety Considerations  
General Safety Considerations  
This product has been designed and tested in accordance with IEC Publica-  
tion 61010-1, Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement,  
Control and Laboratory Use, and has been supplied in a safe condition. The  
instruction documentation contains information and warnings that must be  
followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the product in a  
safe condition.  
W A R N I N G  
Light energy can radiate from the front panel OUTPUT connectors on  
Agilent 83492A and 83493A modules. The light emitted from these  
connectors is the slightly attenuated light that is input to the front-  
panel INPUT connector.  
W A R N I N G  
W A R N I N G  
If this instrument is not used as specified, the protection provided by  
the equipment could be impaired. This instrument must be used in a  
normal condition (in which all means for protection are intact) only.  
To prevent electrical shock, disconnect the Agilent 83491/2/3A from  
mains before cleaning. Use a dry cloth or one slightly dampened with  
water to clean the external case parts. Do not attempt to clean  
internally.  
W A R N I N G  
This is a Safety Class 1 product (provided with a protective earthing  
ground incorporated in the power cord). The mains plug shall only be  
inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact.  
Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside of the  
product is likely to make the product dangerous. Intentional  
interruption is prohibited.  
W A R N I N G  
W A R N I N G  
No operator serviceable parts inside. Refer servicing to qualified  
personnel. To prevent electrical shock, do not remove covers.  
For continued protection against fire hazard, replace line fuse only  
with same type and ratings, (type T 0.315A/250V for 100/120V  
operation and 0.16A/250V for 220/240V operation). The use of other  
fuses or materials is prohibited. Verify that the value of the line-  
voltage fuse is correct.  
• For 100/120V operation, use an IEC 127 5×20 mm, 0.315 A, 250 V, Agilent  
iii  
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General Safety Considerations  
Technologies part number 2110-0449.  
• For 220/240V operation, use an IEC 127 5×20 mm, 0.16 A, 250 V, Agilent  
Technologies part number 2110-0448.  
C A U T I O N  
Before switching on this instrument, make sure that the line voltage selector  
switch is set to the line voltage of the power supply and the correct fuse is  
installed. Assure the supply voltage is in the specified range.  
C A U T I O N  
C A U T I O N  
This product is designed for use in Installation Category II and Pollution  
Degree 2 per IEC 1010 and 664 respectively.  
VENTILATION REQUIREMENTS: When installing the product in a cabinet, the  
convection into and out of the product must not be restricted. The ambient  
temperature (outside the cabinet) must be less than the maximum operating  
temperature of the product by 4°C for every 100 watts dissipated in the  
cabinet. If the total power dissipated in the cabinet is greater than 800 watts,  
then forced convection must be used.  
C A U T I O N  
Always use the three-prong ac power cord supplied with this instrument.  
Failure to ensure adequate earth grounding by not using this cord may cause  
instrument damage.  
C A U T I O N  
C A U T I O N  
C A U T I O N  
Do not connect ac power until you have verified the line voltage is correct.  
Damage to the equipment could result.  
This instrument has autoranging line voltage input. Be sure the supply voltage  
is within the specified range.  
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) on or near input connectors can damage circuits  
inside the instrument. Repair of damage due to misuse is not covered under  
warranty. Before connecting any cable to the electrical input, momentarily  
short the center and outer conductors of the cable together. Personnel should  
be properly grounded, and should touch the frame of the instrument before  
touching any connector.  
iv  
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Contents  
1 Installation  
Installation 1-2  
2 Operation  
Agilent 83491/2/3A Modules—At a Glance 2-2  
3 Specifications and Regulatory Information  
4 Reference  
In Case of Difficulty 4-3  
Error Messages 4-5  
Electrostatic Discharge Information 4-8  
Cleaning Connections for Accurate Measurements 4-10  
Returning the Instrument for Service 4-20  
Agilent Technologies Service Offices 4-23  
Contents-1  
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1
To install the module 1-3  
To connect cables to an Agilent 83492A 1-7  
Installation  
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Installation  
Installation  
Installation  
Agilent 83491/2/3A modules require that firmware revision A.06.25 or later be  
installed in the Agilent 83480A. If you wish to install the module in an  
Agilent 54750A digitizing oscilloscope, you must first install the  
Agilent 83480K communications firmware upgrade kit.  
To check the Agilent 83480A’s firmware revision code  
1 Press the Utility key and then the System config softkey.  
2 The firmware revision number is listed under the Frame section of the display.  
C A U T I O N  
damaged cables and accessories. The Agilent 83492A and 83493A front-panel  
input connectors are no exception. When you use improper cleaning and  
handling techniques, you risk expensive instrument repairs, damaged cables,  
and compromised measurements. Before you connect any fiber-optic cable to  
an Agilent 83492A or 83493A module, refer to “Cleaning Connections for  
Accurate Measurements” on page 4-10.  
C A U T I O N  
The circuits on electrical inputs and outputs can be damaged by electrostatic  
discharge (ESD). Therefore, avoid applying static discharges to any front or  
rear-panel electrical connector. Before connecting any coaxial cable to a front-  
panel connector, momentarily short the center and outer conductors of the  
cable together. Avoid touching the front-panel connectors without first  
touching the frame of the instrument. Be sure that the instrument is properly  
earth-grounded to prevent buildup of static charge. Refer to “Electrostatic  
Discharge Information” on page 4-8.  
1-2  
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Installation  
Installation  
To install the module  
1 Verify that all system components ordered have arrived by comparing the  
shipping forms to the original purchase order. Inspect all shipping containers.  
The shipment includes:  
An Agilent 83491/2/3A Clock Recovery Module  
Fiber-optic adapter cable (Agilent 83492/3A module only)  
Two RF adapter cables (Agilent 83491A module only)  
Agilent 83491/2/3A User’s Guide (this book)  
If your shipment is damaged or incomplete, save the packing materials and  
notify both the shipping carrier and the nearest Agilent Technologies service  
office. Agilent Technologies will arrange for repair or replacement of damaged  
or incomplete shipments without waiting for a settlement from the transporta-  
tion company. Notify the Agilent Technologies customer engineer of any prob-  
lems.  
1 Make sure that the serial number listed on the module’s rear-panel label  
matches the serial number listed on the shipping document.  
Figure 1-1. Serial number label  
2 Install the Agilent 83491/2/3A module into the Agilent 83480A mainframe’s left  
slot. Finger-tighten the knurled screw on the front panel of the plug-in module  
to ensure that the module is securely seated in the mainframe.  
Note  
Installing the module into the left slot ensures that the supplied adapter cable will fit.  
See Figure 1-2.  
1-3  
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Installation  
Installation  
Figure 1-2. Position of modules in the mainframe  
3 Clean all optical interfaces as described in “Cleaning Connections for Accurate  
Measurements” on page 4-10, before making measurements.  
4 Perform the following steps if you’re installing an Agilent 83492/3A module:  
a Unscrew and remove the fiber-optic adapter that is located on the optical  
b Connect the adapter that was removed in the previous step onto the  
Agilent 83492/3A module’s front-panel Input connector.  
On Agilent 83492A module’s, the input connector used depends on the  
wavelength of the input signal. Refer to “To connect cables to an  
Agilent 83492A” on page 1-7.  
5 Connect the supplied adapter cable as shown in Figure 1-3.  
W A R N I N G  
Light energy can radiate from the front panel OUTPUT connectors on  
Agilent 83492A and 83493A modules. The light emitted from these  
connectors is the slightly attenuated light that is input to the front-  
panel INPUT connector.  
6 Turn on the Agilent 83480A, and connect a modulated signal to the  
Agilent 83491/2/3A module’s Input connector.  
1-4  
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Installation  
Installation  
Figure 1-3. The adapter cable  
C A U T I O N  
Agilent 83491A Modules: Maximum safe signal input level is 5V. The input  
circuits can also be damaged by electrostatic discharge (ESD). Before  
connecting any coaxial cable to the connectors, momentarily short the center  
and outer conductors of the cable together. Avoid touching the front-panel  
input connectors without first touching the frame of the instrument. Be sure  
that the instrument is properly earth-grounded to prevent buildup of static  
charge.  
C A U T I O N  
Agilent 83492/3A Modules: Maximum safe signal input level is +3 dBm.  
7 On the Agilent 83480A, press the Trigger key and then the Source softkey. Then,  
select trigger 2 (the Agilent 83491/2/3A module) for the trigger source.  
8 On the Agilent 83491/2/3A module, repeatedly press the SELECT key until a  
front-panel light indicates the data rate of the signal. See Figure 1-4 on  
page 1-6.  
Green and red data-rate lights  
The data-rate indicator lights change color between red and green to show which data  
rate is selected. A red light does not indicate a problem. A red light shows that the adja-  
cent red data rate label is selected. A green light shows that the adjacent green data  
rate label is selected. Repeatedly pressing the SELECT key cycles through the selections  
in one color before switching to the opposite color. On Agilent 83491A modules for  
example, the first selection cycle shows 155 Mb/s selected. The second section cycle  
shows 1062 Mb/s selected.  
1-5  
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Installation  
Installation  
Figure 1-4. Front-panel lights  
9 Confirm that the Unlocked light is off.  
10 Observe the Clock and Data outputs on an oscilloscope. Waveforms should be  
present. The instrument is now ready for you to begin making measurements.  
1-6  
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Installation  
Installation  
To connect cables to an Agilent 83492A  
On Agilent 83492A modules, the front-panel fiber-optic connectors reverse  
input and output roles depending on the wavelength of the signal. Signals in  
the 750 nm to 860 nm wavelength range are input to the left connector and  
output from the right connector. Signals in the 1000 nm to 1600 nm wave-  
length range are input to the right connector and output from the left connec-  
tor.  
Figure 1-5. Input and output connections versus wavelength  
1-7  
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2
Block Diagrams 2-7  
To Display a Signal 2-8  
To Compensate for Module Insertion Loss 2-9  
Using Probes with an Agilent 83491A 2-10  
To compensate for a passive probe 2-11  
To compensate an Agilent 54701A active probe 2-11  
To compensate for other devices 2-12  
Operation  
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Operation  
Agilent 83491/2/3A Modules—At a Glance  
Agilent 83491/2/3A Modules—At a Glance  
The Agilent 83491/2/3A are designed to operate in an Agilent 83480A digital  
communications analyzer. These modules recover clock and data information  
at standard telecom and datacom rates. The resulting trigger signal is made  
available to the Agilent 83480A mainframe via a connector located on the  
module’s rear-panel. An external front-panel cable passes the data signal, with  
some insertion loss, to the receiver module.  
Table 2-1. Module Features  
Agilent  
Input Connector  
Selectable Rates (Mb/s)  
Module  
83491A  
83492A  
83493A  
155, 622, 1060, 1250, 2120, 2488, 2500  
155, 622, 1060, 1250, 2120, 2488, 2500  
155, 622, 1250, 2488, 2500  
50electrical  
Multimode fiber (62.5/125 µm)  
Single-mode fiber (9/125 µm)  
Figure 2-1. An Agilent 83493A installed in an Agilent 83480A mainframe  
2-2  
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Operation  
Agilent 83491/2/3A Modules—At a Glance  
W A R N I N G  
Light energy can radiate from the front panel OUTPUT connectors on  
Agilent 83492A and 83493A modules. The light emitted from these  
connectors is the slightly attenuated light that is input to the front-  
panel INPUT connector.  
Use with Agilent 71603B or 71612B Error Performance Analyzers  
The front-panel Data and Clock outputs provide electrical recovered clock and  
regenerated data signals for simultaneous testing with other instruments,  
such as the Agilent 71603B or 71612B error performance analyzers.  
Multimode module and single-mode reference receivers  
Agilent Technologies does not recommend using the Agilent 83492A multi-  
mode module with single-mode reference receivers such as the  
Agilent 83481A, 83482A, or 83485A,B modules. Connecting multimode to sin-  
gle-mode fibers causes large reflections and insertion loss because of the  
reduction of the optical fiber’s core from 62.5 µm to 9 µm.  
Single-mode module and multimode reference receivers  
It is acceptable to use an Agilent 83493A single-mode module with a multi-  
mode reference receiver such as the Agilent 83486A module. This is true pro-  
vided that single-mode fiber is connected to the Agilent 83493A module’s  
front-panel INPUT connector.  
What you won’t find on these modules....  
Unlike other modules designed to be used with the Agilent 83480A digital communica-  
tions analyzer, the Agilent 83491/2/3A modules do not include Channel keys or menus.  
Also, there are no GPIB programming commands for these modules.  
2-3  
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Operation  
Front-Panel Features  
Front-Panel Features  
Figure 2-2. Agilent 83491/2/3A front panels  
SELECT key  
Pressing this key changes the modulation rate of the input signal. The recov-  
ered and retimed clock trigger is sent to the mainframe. The Trigger On Data  
selection is a bypass mode where the data stream directly triggers the main-  
frame. Refer to “Block Diagrams” on page 2-7 to view a schematic of the nor-  
mal and bypass paths.  
2-4  
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Operation  
Front-Panel Features  
Green and red data-rate lights  
The data-rate indicator lights change color between red and green to show which data  
rate is selected. A red light does not indicate a problem. A red light shows that the adja-  
cent red data rate label is selected. A green light shows that the adjacent green data  
rate label is selected. Repeatedly pressing the SELECT key cycles through the selections  
in one color before switching to the opposite color. On Agilent 83491A modules for  
example, the first selection cycle shows 155 Mb/s selected. The second section cycle  
shows 1062 Mb/s selected.  
UNLOCKED  
indicator  
This light shows when clock recovery cannot be established on the signal. If a  
clock rate is selected, the trigger output to the mainframe is disabled to pre-  
vent free-run triggering. However in bypass mode (Trigger On Data selected),  
triggering is not disabled. When the UNLOCKED light is on, you can establish a  
trigger on the data input to the reference receiver.  
Auxiliary outputs DATA connector: This connector provides a fully regenerated version of the  
input signal. It is intended for monitoring purposes only and not for rigorous  
eye mask compliance testing. The frequency response does not conform to the  
requirements for eye mask testing as described in ITU-T G.957 and Bellcore  
GR-253-CORE. On Agilent 83492A and 83493A modules, this port is ampli-  
tude stabilized for input signals greater than approximately –23 dBm.  
CLOCK connector: This connector provides the recovered clock signal. You can  
use this signal to measure jitter transfer, because this output can track and fol-  
low input data with very fast jitter; it has a wide bandwidth jitter transfer func-  
tion when compared to the recovered clock signal which is routed through a  
rear-panel connector to the mainframe for triggering. Note that the CLOCK Aux-  
iliary Output remains synchronized to input signals several dB below the onset of  
errors at the DATA Auxiliary Output.  
Input and Output The input connectors pass the digitally modulated signal to the receiver mod-  
connectors  
ule. The input signal, slightly attenuated and available at the OUTPUT connec-  
tor, is connected to the input of any of the Agilent 83481,2,3,4,5,6, or 7  
modules. The connectors on optical modules include adapters which can eas-  
ily be changed to match the type of connectors that are used on your fiber-  
optic cables. Refer to “Front-Panel Optical Adapters” on page 4-2 for a  
description of the available adapters.  
2-5  
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Operation  
Front-Panel Features  
Multimode and single-mode connections  
Agilent 83492A modules use multimode fiber. Connecting the output to the Optical  
INPUT connector on Agilent 83481/2/5 single-mode modules results in large reflections  
and insertion loss.  
Agilent 83493A modules use 9/125 µm single-mode fiber. Connecting multimode fiber  
to the Optical Input connector results in large reflections and insertion loss.  
Recovered Clock The recovered clock signal is routed directly to the Agilent 83480A mainframe  
through the module’s rear panel. This output has a lower jitter modulation  
bandwidth than the front-panel CLOCK Auxiliary Output. Because of the reduced  
jitter modulation bandwidth on the mainframe trigger signal, a more complete  
view of the jitter on the waveform data is obtained.  
2-6  
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Operation  
Block Diagrams  
Block Diagrams  
Figure 2-3. Agilent 83491A Block Diagram  
Figure 2-4. Agilent 83492A and 83493A Block Diagram  
2-7  
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Operation  
To Display a Signal  
To Display a Signal  
1 Install the module as described in “To install the module” on page 1-3. Be sure  
to connect all of the cables as described in the procedure.  
2 Repeatedly press the SELECT key on the clock recovery module until the front-  
panel light indicates the proper data rate of the signal.  
Green and red data-rate lights  
The data-rate indicator lights change color between red and green to show which data  
rate is selected. A red light does not indicate a problem. A red light shows that the adja-  
cent red data rate label is selected. A green light shows that the adjacent green data  
rate label is selected. Repeatedly pressing the SELECT key cycles through the selections  
in one color before switching to the opposite color. On Agilent 83491A modules for  
example, the first selection cycle shows 155 Mb/s selected. The second section cycle  
shows 1062 Mb/s selected.  
• If the UNLOCKED light is on, clock recovery cannot be established on the signal.  
• Avoid selecting a data rate that is a multiple of the input signal. For example,  
don’t select a 622 Mb/s data rate if the signal is really at 155 Mb/s.  
• If you cannot get the clock recovery module to lock on the signal, make sure  
that you have selected the correct data rate and that the Agilent 83480A (or  
Agilent 54750A) mainframe trigger level is adjusted appropriately.  
• Signals displayed using a data trigger are less reliable than using a recovered  
clock. Signals triggered on data can also vary depending upon the trigger  
level.  
2-8  
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Operation  
To Compensate for Module Insertion Loss  
To Compensate for Module Insertion Loss  
The following steps allow you to enter an offset to compensate for the inser-  
tion loss of the clock recovery module. This provides accurate amplitude mea-  
surements at the input to the clock recovery module.  
1 Disconnect the cable from the clock recovery module’s Input connector.  
2 Measure the signal using a power meter. You can use either the  
Agilent 83480A’s built-in power meter or an external power meter.  
3 Reconnect the cable to the clock recovery module.  
4 Disconnect the cable from the reference receiver module’s input connector.  
5 Measure the signal using a power meter. You can use either the  
Agilent 83480A’s built-in power meter or an external power meter.  
6 Subtract the two measurements to determine the insertion loss of the module.  
Insertion loss:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ____________  
7 On the reference receiver module, press the front-panel channel SETUP key.  
8 Press External scale, and set the Atten units to “decibel”.  
9 Press Attenuation, and enter the value calculated in Step 6.  
2-9  
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Operation  
Using Probes with an Agilent 83491A  
Using Probes with an Agilent 83491A  
You can use external passive and active probes with the Agilent 83491A elec-  
trical clock recovery module. The procedures in this section generate vertical  
scale factors. These factors are applied to the calibration of the reference  
receiver module’s electrical channel. When selecting a probe, keep in mind  
that the input impedance of the Agilent 83491A is 50.  
If the probe being calibrated has an attenuation factor that allows the instru-  
ment to adjust the gain to produce even steps in the vertical scale factors, the  
instrument will do so. Typically, probes have standard attenuation factors such  
as divide by 10, divide by 20, or divide by 100.  
Because the following procedures include compensation for insertion loss of  
the clock recovery module, do not perform the procedure “To Compensate for  
Module Insertion Loss” on page 2-9.  
The following probes are available for use with Agilent 83491A clock recovery  
modules:  
• Agilent N1020A TDR probe. This passive probe (1:1, 50) provides a fixture  
for positioning and holding the probe tip on the device being tested.  
• Agilent 54701A 2.5 GHz active probe. This is a 100kΩ, 10:1, probe.  
• Agilent 54006A 6 GHz handheld low-impedance probe. This passive probe  
(10:1, 500, 20:1, 1k) has an input capacitance of 0.25 pf.  
• Agilent 1163A 1 GHz resistive-divider probe. This passive 500probe has an  
input capacitance of 1.5 pf.  
2-10  
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Operation  
Using Probes with an Agilent 83491A  
To compensate for a passive probe  
1 Connect the probe to the Input connector on the Agilent 83491A clock recovery  
module.  
2 Attach the probe tip to the CAL hook that is located near the floppy disk drive.  
3 Press the reference receiver module’s front-panel channel SETUP key.  
4 Press Calibrate and then Calibrate probe.  
To compensate an Agilent 54701A active probe  
1 Connect the Agilent 83491A output to the electrical measurement channel  
input.  
2 Connect the probe to the Input connector on the Agilent 83491A clock recovery  
module.  
3 Connect the probe power cable to the Probe Power connector on the reference  
receiver module.  
4 Attach the probe tip to the CAL hook that is located near the floppy disk drive.  
5 Press the reference receiver module’s front-panel channel SETUP key.  
6 Press Calibrate and then Calibrate probe.  
2-11  
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Operation  
Using Probes with an Agilent 83491A  
To compensate for other devices  
The information in this section applies to both optical and electrical measure-  
ments. Since the mainframe’s CAL signal is a voltage source, it cannot be used  
to calibrate to the probe tip when the units are set to Ampere, Watt, or  
Unknown. Instead, set the external gain and external offset to compensate for  
the actual characteristics of the device. If you do not know the actual charac-  
teristics, you can refer to the typical specifications that came with the device.  
1 Press the reference receiver module’s front-panel channel SETUP key.  
2 Press External scale.  
3 Press Atten units Ratio, Attenuation 1:1, and then Units Ampere (Volt, Watt, or  
Unknown).  
4 Press Ext gain, and enter the actual gain characteristics of the device.  
5 Press Ext offset, and enter the offset introduced by the device.  
2-12  
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3
Agilent 83491A Specifications 3-3  
Agilent 83492A Specifications 3-4  
Agilent 83493A Specifications 3-6  
Agilent 83491/2/3A Operating Specifications 3-7  
Declaration of Conformity 3-8  
Specifications and Regulatory  
Information  
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Specifications and Regulatory Information  
Specifications and Regulatory Information  
Specifications and Regulatory Information  
This chapter lists specifications and characteristics of the Agilent 83491/2/3A.  
Specifications apply over the temperature range +15°C to +35°C (unless oth-  
erwise noted) after the instrument’s temperature has been stabilized after 60  
minutes of continuous operation.  
Specifications  
Characteristics  
Specifications described warranted performance.  
Characteristics provide useful, nonwarranted, information about the func-  
tions and performance of the instrument. Characteristics are printed in  
italics.  
Calibration cycle Agilent Technologies warrants instrument specifications over the recom-  
mended calibration interval. To maintain specifications, periodic recalibrations  
are necessary. We recommend that the Agilent 83491/2/3A be calibrated at an  
Agilent Technologies service facility every 24 months.  
3-2  
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Specifications and Regulatory Information  
Agilent 83491A Specifications  
Agilent 83491A Specifications  
Table 3-1. Agilent 83491A Specifications  
Clock recovery rates (NRZ coding)  
155.52 Mb/s  
622.08 Mb/s  
1062.50 Mb/s  
1250 Mb/s  
2125.00 Mb/s  
2488.32 Mb/s  
2500.00 Mb/s  
0.1%  
0.1%  
0.1%  
0.1%  
0.1%  
0.1%  
0.1%  
Data triggering (characteristic)  
50 Mb/s to 2500 Mb/s  
Operating input power level a b  
Triggering operation, all rates  
10 –10 BER, all rates c  
–10 dBm to 3 dBm  
–10 dBm to 3 dBm  
Insertion loss (through path)  
DC through 2500 MHz  
7 dB  
Output jitter, all rates d  
0.0125 UIrms  
Maximum continuous electrical power before damage (characteristic)  
DATA and CLOCK output amplitude, all rates (characteristic)  
1W peak  
0.5Vp-p  
INPUT electrical return loss  
DC through 1250 MHz (characteristic)  
1250 MHz through 2500 MHz (characteristic)  
20 dB  
15 dB  
DATA and CLOCK electrical return loss  
50 MHz through 2000 MHz (characteristic)  
2000 MHz through 2500 MHz (characteristic)  
10 dB  
6 dB  
a. Source extinction ratio 8.2 dB when measured per TIA/EIA OFSTP-4A.  
b. Operating power level applies over temperature range 25°C 5°.  
c. Better than 10 –10 BER when tested with PRBS 223–1 pattern.  
d. Measured on an oscilloscope eye diagram with PRBS 223–1 test pattern.  
3-3  
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Specifications and Regulatory Information  
Agilent 83492A Specifications  
Agilent 83492A Specifications  
Table 3-2. Agilent 83492A Specifications (1 of 2)  
Wavelength range (characteristic)  
750 nm to 860 nm and  
1000 nm to 1600 nm  
Optical INPUT and OUTPUT fiber (characteristic)  
62.5/125 multimode  
Optical insertion loss (through path) a  
750 nm to 860 nm  
1000 nm to 1600 nm  
5.0 dB  
5.0 dB  
Optical return loss b  
28 dB  
Clock recovery rates (NRZ coding)  
155.52 Mb/s  
622.08 Mb/s  
1062.50 Mb/s  
1250 Mb/s  
2125.00 Mb/s  
2488.32 Mb/s  
2500.00 Mb/s  
0.1%  
0.1%  
0.1%  
0.1%  
0.1%  
0.1%  
0.1%  
Data triggering (characteristic)  
50 Mb/s to 2500 Mb/s  
d
Operating input power level c  
750 nm to 860 nm  
–10 dBm to 3 dBm  
–10 dBm to 3 dBm  
Triggering operation, all rates  
10 –10 BER, all rates e  
1000 nm to 1600 nm  
–13 dBm to 3 dBm  
–13 dBm to 3 dBm  
Triggering operation, all rates  
10 –10 BER, all rates f  
Output jitter, all rates g  
0.0125 UIrms  
Maximum continuous optical power before damage (characteristic)  
DATA and CLOCK output amplitude, all rates (characteristic)  
10 mW peak  
0.5Vp-p  
3-4  
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Specifications and Regulatory Information  
Agilent 83492A Specifications  
Table 3-2. Agilent 83492A Specifications (2 of 2)  
DATA and CLOCK electrical return loss  
50 MHz through 2000 MHz (characteristic)  
2000 MHz through 2500 MHz (characteristic)  
10 dB  
6 dB  
a. Minimum loss in 850 nm window.  
b. Single-mode backreflection tested with FC/PC adapter and single-mode fiber. Optical output terminated  
with > 33 dB return loss. Return loss with fully filled 62.5 µm core multimode fiber may be slightly lower.  
c. Source extinction ratio 8.2 dB when measured per TIA/EIA OFSTP-4A.  
d. Operating power level applies over temperature range 25°C 5°.  
e. Better than 10 –10 BER when tested with PRBS 223–1 pattern.  
f. Better than 10 –10 BER when tested with PRBS 223–1 pattern.  
g. Measured on an oscilloscope eye diagram with PRBS 223–1 test pattern.  
3-5  
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Specifications and Regulatory Information  
Agilent 83493A Specifications  
Agilent 83493A Specifications  
Table 3-3. Agilent 83493A Specifications  
Wavelength range (characteristic)  
Optical INPUT fiber (characteristic)  
Optical insertion loss (through path)  
1000 nm to 1600 nm  
9/125 single mode  
1.5 dB  
Optical return loss a  
28 dB  
Clock recovery rates (NRZ coding)  
155.52 Mb/s  
622.08 Mb/s  
1250 Mb/s  
2488.32 Mb/s  
0.1%  
0.1%  
0.1%  
0.1%  
0.1%  
2500.00 Mb/s  
Data triggering (characteristic)  
50 Mb/s to 2500 Mb/s  
Operating input power level b c  
Triggering operation, all rates  
10 –10 BER, all rates d  
–20 dBm to 3 dBm  
–17 dBm to 3 dBm  
Output jitter, all rates e  
0.0125 UIrms  
Maximum continuous optical power before damage (characteristic)  
DATA and CLOCK output amplitude, all rates (characteristic)  
10 mW peak  
0.5Vp-p  
DATA and CLOCK output electrical return loss  
50 MHz through 2000 MHz (characteristic)  
2000 MHz through 2500 MHz (characteristic)  
10 dB  
6 dB  
a. Tested with FC/PC adapter. Optical output terminated without > 33 dB return loss.  
b. Source extinction ratio 8.2 dB when measured per TIA/EIA OFSTP-4A.  
c. Operating power level applies over temperature range 25°C 5°.  
d. Better than 10 –10 BER when tested with PRBS 223–1 pattern.  
e. Measured on an oscilloscope eye diagram with PRBS 223–1 test pattern.  
3-6  
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Specifications and Regulatory Information  
Agilent 83491/2/3A Operating Specifications  
Agilent 83491/2/3A Operating Specifications  
Table 3-4. Agilent 83491/2/3A Operating Specifications  
Use  
Indoor  
Temperature  
Operating  
Non-operating  
0°C to +55°C  
–40°C to +70°C  
Altitude  
Operating  
Non-operating  
4600 m (15,000 ft)  
15,300 m (50,000 ft)  
Humidity  
Operating  
Non-operating  
up to 90% relative humidity at <35°C  
up to 90% relative humidity at <35°C  
Net weight  
approximately 1.2 kg (2.6 lb.)  
approximately 2.1 kg (4.6 lb.)  
Supplied by mainframe  
Shipping weight  
Power Requirements  
3-7  
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Specifications and Regulatory Information  
Declaration of Conformity  
Declaration of Conformity  
3-8  
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4
In Case of Difficulty 4-3  
Error Messages 4-5  
Electrostatic Discharge Information 4-8  
Cleaning Connections for Accurate Measurements 4-10  
Returning the Instrument for Service 4-20  
Agilent Technologies Service Offices 4-23  
Reference  
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Reference  
Front-Panel Optical Adapters  
Front-Panel Optical Adapters  
Front Panel  
Fiber-Optic  
Adapter  
Description  
Agilent Part Number  
81000AI  
Diamond HMS-10  
FC/PCa  
D4  
81000FI  
81000GI  
SC  
81000KI  
DIN  
81000SI  
ST  
81000VI  
Biconic  
81000WI  
Dust Covers  
FC connector  
1005-0594  
1005-0593  
1005-0595  
1005-0596  
1005-0597  
Diamond HMS-10 connector  
DIN connector  
ST connector  
SC connector  
a. The FC/PC adapter is the standard adapter supplied with the instrument.  
4-2  
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Reference  
In Case of Difficulty  
In Case of Difficulty  
This section provides a list of suggestions for you to follow if the plug-in mod-  
ule fails to operate. A list of messages that may be displayed is also included in  
this chapter. Before calling Agilent Technologies or returning the unit for ser-  
vice, a few minutes spent performing some simple checks may save waiting for  
your instrument to be repaired.  
If the mainframe does not operate  
Is the line fuse good?  
Does the line socket have power?  
Is the unit plugged in to the proper ac power source?  
Is the mainframe turned on?  
Is the rear-panel line switch set to on?  
Will the mainframe power up without the plug-in module installed?  
If the mainframe still does not power up, refer to the optional  
Agilent 83480A, Agilent 54750A Service Guide or return the mainframe to a  
qualified service department.  
If the plug-in does not operate  
Is the plug-in module firmly seated in the mainframe slot?  
Are the knurled screws at the bottom of the plug-in module finger-tight?  
Is the clock recovery module set to the modulation rate of the input signal?  
If other equipment, cables, and connectors are being used with the plug-in  
module, are they connected properly and operating correctly?  
Review the procedure for the test being performed when the problem ap-  
4-3  
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Reference  
peared. Are all the settings correct? Can the problem be reproduced?  
Are the connectors clean? See “Cleaning Connections for Accurate Measure-  
ments” on page 4-10 for more information.  
Perform the following procedures:  
1 Make sure that the instrument is ready to acquire data by pressing Run.  
2 Find any signals on the channel inputs by pressing Autoscale.  
3 See if any signals are present at the channel inputs by pressing Trigger, Sweep,  
Freerun.  
4 After viewing the signal, press triggered.  
5 Make sure Channel Display is on by pressing Channel, Display on off, on.  
6 Make sure the channel offset is adjusted so the waveform is not clipped off the  
display.  
7 Make sure the mainframe identifies the plug-in module by pressing Utility, then  
System config....  
The calibration status of the plug-in modules is listed near the bottom of the  
display, in the box labeled “Plug-ins”. If the model number of the plug-  
in module is listed next to the appropriate slot number, then the mainframe  
has identified the plug-in.  
If “~known” is displayed instead of the model number of the plug-in  
module, remove and reinsert the plug-in module in the same slot.  
If “~known” is still displayed, the mainframe may need to have the latest  
operating system firmware installed. Options 001 and 002 provide this  
firmware on a 3.5 inch diskette. To load new firmware, follow the  
instructions provided with this diskette. If you do not have the optional  
diskette, contact your local Agilent Technologies service office (refer to  
“Agilent Technologies Service Offices” on page 4-23).  
If the mainframe firmware is current and the plug-in module is correctly  
installed, then the memory contents of the plug-in module are corrupt.  
Contact a qualified service department.  
4-4  
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Reference  
Error Messages  
Error Messages  
The following error messages are for the plug-in module. Typically, the error  
messages indicate there is a problem with either the plug-in or the mainframe.  
This section explains what the messages mean and offers a few suggestions  
that might help resolve the error condition. If the suggestions do not eliminate  
the error message, then additional troubleshooting is required that is beyond  
the scope of this book. Additional error messages are listed in the  
Agilent 83480A, Agilent 54750A User’s Guide for the mainframe.  
Memory error occurred in plug-in_:Try reinstalling  
plug-in  
The mainframe could not correctly read the contents of the memory in the  
plug-in.  
Remove and reinstall the plug-in module. Each time a plug-in is installed, the  
mainframe re-reads the memory in the plug-in module.  
Verify the plug-in module is firmly seated in the mainframe slot.  
Verify the knurled screws at the bottom of the plug-in module are finger-tight.  
Install the plug-in in a different slot in the mainframe.  
4-5  
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Busy timeout occurred with plug-in_:Try reinstalling plug-in  
Busy timeout occurred with plug-in_:Try reinstalling  
plug-in  
The mainframe is having trouble communicating with the plug-in module.  
Make sure there is a good connection between the mainframe and the plug-in  
module.  
Remove and reinstall the plug-in module.  
Verify the plug-in module is firmly seated in the mainframe slot.  
Verify the knurled screws at the bottom of the plug-in module are finger-tight.  
Install the plug-in in a different slot in the mainframe.  
Communications failure exists at slot_:Service is  
required  
An illegal hardware state is detected at the mainframe-to-plug-in module  
interface of the specified slot.  
• If the slot is empty, there is a mainframe hardware problem. Refer to the  
Agilent 83480A, Agilent 54750A Service Guide.  
• If a plug-in is installed in the slot, there is a plug-in module hardware problem.  
Return the plug-in module to a qualified service department.  
ID error occurred in plug-in_:Service is required  
The information read from the memory of the plug-in module does not match  
the hardware in the plug-in module. This can be caused by a communication  
problem between the mainframe and the plug-in module. Make sure there is a  
good connection between the mainframe and the plug-in.  
Remove and re-install the plug-in module.  
Verify the plug-in module is firmly seated in the mainframe slot.  
Verify the knurled screws at the bottom of the plug-in module are finger tight.  
The standard Agilent 54750A mainframe does not accept the Agilent 83491/2/  
3A module. To use the module, a firmware upgrade must first be installed. Or-  
4-6  
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Reference  
Plug-in is not supported:System firmware upgrade is needed  
der the Agilent 83480K communications firmware kit and install according to  
the instructions.  
The Agilent 83480A, Agilent 54750A mainframes do not accept plug-in mod-  
ules designed for use with the Agilent 54710A, 54720A.  
Plug-in is not supported:System firmware upgrade is  
needed  
The mainframe may need to have the latest operating system firmware  
installed. Options 001 and 002 provide this firmware on a 3.5 inch diskette. To  
load the new firmware, follow the instructions provided with the diskette. If  
you do not have the optional diskette, contact your local Agilent Technologies  
service office.  
4-7  
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Electrostatic Discharge Information  
Electrostatic Discharge Information  
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage or destroy electronic components.  
All work on electronic assemblies should be performed at a static-safe work  
station. The following figure shows an example of a static-safe work station  
using two types of ESD protection:  
• Conductive table-mat and wrist-strap combination.  
• Conductive floor-mat and heel-strap combination.  
Figure 4-1. Static-safe work station  
4-8  
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Reference  
Electrostatic Discharge Information  
Both types, when used together, provide a significant level of ESD protection.  
Of the two, only the table-mat and wrist-strap combination provides adequate  
ESD protection when used alone.  
To ensure user safety, the static-safe accessories must provide at least 1 Mof  
isolation from ground. Refer to Table 4-1 for information on ordering static-  
safe accessories.  
W A R N I N G  
These techniques for a static-safe work station should not be used  
when working on circuitry with a voltage potential greater than 500  
volts.  
Reducing ESD Damage  
The following suggestions may help reduce ESD damage that occurs during  
testing and servicing operations.  
• Personnel should be grounded with a resistor-isolated wrist strap before re-  
moving any assembly from the unit.  
• Be sure all instruments are properly earth-grounded to prevent a buildup of  
static charge.  
Table 4-1. Static-Safe Accessories  
Agilent Part  
Description  
Number  
9300-0797  
Set includes: 3M static control mat 0.6 m × 1.2 m (2 ft× 4 ft) and 4.6 cm (15  
ft) ground wire. (The wrist-strap and wrist-strap cord are not included. They  
must be ordered separately.)  
9300-0980  
9300-1383  
Wrist-strap cord 1.5 m (5 ft)  
Wrist-strap, color black, stainless steel, without cord, has four adjustable  
links and a 7 mm post-type connection.  
9300-1169  
ESD heel-strap (reusable 6 to 12 months).  
4-9  
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Reference  
Cleaning Connections for Accurate Measurements  
Cleaning Connections for Accurate  
Measurements  
Today, advances in measurement capabilities make connectors and connec-  
tion techniques more important than ever. Damage to the connectors on cali-  
bration and verification devices, test ports, cables, and other devices can  
degrade measurement accuracy and damage instruments. Replacing a dam-  
aged connector can cost thousands of dollars, not to mention lost time! This  
expense can be avoided by observing the simple precautions presented in this  
book. This book also contains a brief list of tips for caring for electrical connec-  
tors.  
Choosing the Right Connector  
A critical but often overlooked factor in making a good lightwave measure-  
ment is the selection of the fiber-optic connector. The differences in connec-  
tor types are mainly in the mechanical assembly that holds the ferrule in  
position against another identical ferrule. Connectors also vary in the polish,  
curve, and concentricity of the core within the cladding. Mating one style of  
cable to another requires an adapter. Agilent Technologies offers adapters for  
most instruments to allow testing with many different cables. Figure 4-2 on  
page 4-11 shows the basic components of a typical connectors.  
The system tolerance for reflection and insertion loss must be known when  
selecting a connector from the wide variety of currently available connectors.  
Some items to consider when selecting a connector are:  
• How much insertion loss can be allowed?  
• Will the connector need to make multiple connections? Some connectors are  
better than others, and some are very poor for making repeated connections.  
• What is the reflection tolerance? Can the system take reflection degradation?  
• Is an instrument-grade connector with a precision core alignment required?  
• Is repeatability tolerance for reflection and loss important? Do your specifica-  
4-10  
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Reference  
Cleaning Connections for Accurate Measurements  
tions take repeatability uncertainty into account?  
• Will a connector degrade the return loss too much, or will a fusion splice be re-  
quired? For example, many DFB lasers cannot operate with reflections from  
connectors. Often as much as 90 dB isolation is needed.  
Figure 4-2. Basic components of a connector.  
Over the last few years, the FC/PC style connector has emerged as the most  
popular connector for fiber-optic applications. While not the highest perform-  
ing connector, it represents a good compromise between performance, reli-  
ability, and cost. If properly maintained and cleaned, this connector can  
withstand many repeated connections.  
However, many instrument specifications require tighter tolerances than most  
connectors, including the FC/PC style, can deliver. These instruments cannot  
tolerate connectors with the large non-concentricities of the fiber common  
with ceramic style ferrules. When tighter alignment is required, Agilent  
Technologies instruments typically use a connector such as the Diamond  
HMS-10, which has concentric tolerances within a few tenths of a micron. Agi-  
lent Technologies then uses a special universal adapter, which allows other  
cable types to mate with this precision connector. See Figure 4-3.  
4-11  
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Reference  
Cleaning Connections for Accurate Measurements  
Figure 4-3. Universal adapters to Diamond HMS-10.  
The HMS-10 encases the fiber within a soft nickel silver (Cu/Ni/Zn) center  
which is surrounded by a tough tungsten carbide casing, as shown in  
Figure 4-4.  
Figure 4-4. Cross-section of the Diamond HMS-10 connector.  
The nickel silver allows an active centering process that permits the glass fiber  
to be moved to the desired position. This process first stakes the soft nickel  
silver to fix the fiber in a near-center location, then uses a post-active staking  
to shift the fiber into the desired position within 0.2 µm. This process, plus the  
keyed axis, allows very precise core-to-core alignments. This connector is  
found on most Agilent Technologies lightwave instruments.  
4-12  
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Cleaning Connections for Accurate Measurements  
The soft core, while allowing precise centering, is also the chief liability of the  
connector. The soft material is easily damaged. Care must be taken to mini-  
mize excessive scratching and wear. While minor wear is not a problem if the  
glass face is not affected, scratches or grit can cause the glass fiber to move  
out of alignment. Also, if unkeyed connectors are used, the nickel silver can be  
pushed onto the glass surface. Scratches, fiber movement, or glass contamina-  
tion will cause loss of signal and increased reflections, resulting in poor return  
loss.  
Inspecting Connectors  
Because fiber-optic connectors are susceptible to damage that is not immedi-  
ately obvious to the naked eye, poor measurements result without the user  
being aware. Microscopic examination and return loss measurements are the  
best way to ensure good measurements. Good cleaning practices can help  
ensure that optimum connector performance is maintained. With glass-to-  
glass interfaces, any degradation of a ferrule or the end of the fiber, any stray  
particles, or finger oil can have a significant effect on connector performance.  
Where many repeat connections are required, use of a connector saver or  
patch cable is recommended.  
Figure 4-5 shows the end of a clean fiber-optic cable. The dark circle in the  
center of the micrograph is the fiber’s 125 µm core and cladding which carries  
the light. The surrounding area is the soft nickel-silver ferrule. Figure 4-6  
shows a dirty fiber end from neglect or perhaps improper cleaning. Material is  
smeared and ground into the end of the fiber causing light scattering and poor  
reflection. Not only is the precision polish lost, but this action can grind off the  
glass face and destroy the connector.  
Figure 4-7 shows physical damage to the glass fiber end caused by either  
repeated connections made without removing loose particles or using  
improper cleaning tools. When severe, the damage of one connector end can  
be transferred to another good connector endface that comes in contact with  
the damaged one. Periodic checks of fiber ends, and replacing connecting  
cables after many connections is a wise practice.  
The cure for these problems is disciplined connector care as described in the  
following list and in “Cleaning Connectors” on page 4-17.  
4-13  
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Cleaning Connections for Accurate Measurements  
Use the following guidelines to achieve the best possible performance when  
making measurements on a fiber-optic system:  
• Never use metal or sharp objects to clean a connector and never scrape the  
connector.  
• Avoid matching gel and oils.  
Figure 4-5. Clean, problem-free fiber end and ferrule.  
Figure 4-6. Dirty fiber end and ferrule from poor cleaning.  
4-14  
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Cleaning Connections for Accurate Measurements  
Figure 4-7. Damage from improper cleaning.  
While these often work well on first insertion, they are great dirt magnets. The  
oil or gel grabs and holds grit that is then ground into the end of the fiber.  
Also, some early gels were designed for use with the FC, non-contacting con-  
nectors, using small glass spheres. When used with contacting connectors,  
these glass balls can scratch and pit the fiber. If an index matching gel or oil  
must be used, apply it to a freshly cleaned connector, make the measurement,  
and then immediately clean it off. Never use a gel for longer-term connections  
and never use it to improve a damaged connector. The gel can mask the extent  
of damage and continued use of a damaged fiber can transfer damage to the  
instrument.  
• When inserting a fiber-optic cable into a connector, gently insert it in as  
straight a line as possible. Tipping and inserting at an angle can scrape material  
off the inside of the connector or even break the inside sleeve of connectors  
made with ceramic material.  
• When inserting a fiber-optic connector into a connector, make sure that the fi-  
ber end does not touch the outside of the mating connector or adapter.  
• Avoid over tightening connections.  
Unlike common electrical connections, tighter is not better. The purpose of  
the connector is to bring two fiber ends together. Once they touch, tightening  
only causes a greater force to be applied to the delicate fibers. With connec-  
tors that have a convex fiber end, the end can be pushed off-axis resulting in  
misalignment and excessive return loss. Many measurements are actually  
improved by backing off the connector pressure. Also, if a piece of grit does  
happen to get by the cleaning procedure, the tighter connection is more likely  
to damage the glass. Tighten the connectors just until the two fibers touch.  
4-15  
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Cleaning Connections for Accurate Measurements  
• Keep connectors covered when not in use.  
• Use fusion splices on the more permanent critical nodes. Choose the best con-  
nector possible. Replace connecting cables regularly. Frequently measure the  
return loss of the connector to check for degradation, and clean every connec-  
tor, every time.  
All connectors should be treated like the high-quality lens of a good camera.  
The weak link in instrument and system reliability is often the inappropriate  
use and care of the connector. Because current connectors are so easy to use,  
there tends to be reduced vigilance in connector care and cleaning. It takes  
only one missed cleaning for a piece of grit to permanently damage the glass  
and ruin the connector.  
Measuring insertion loss and return loss  
Consistent measurements with your lightwave equipment are a good indica-  
tion that you have good connections. Since return loss and insertion loss are  
key factors in determining optical connector performance they can be used to  
determine connector degradation. A smooth, polished fiber end should pro-  
duce a good return-loss measurement. The quality of the polish establishes  
the difference between the “PC” (physical contact) and the “Super PC” con-  
nectors. Most connectors today are physical contact which make glass-to-glass  
connections, therefore it is critical that the area around the glass core be clean  
and free of scratches. Although the major area of a connector, excluding the  
glass, may show scratches and wear, if the glass has maintained its polished  
smoothness, the connector can still provide a good low level return loss con-  
nection.  
If you test your cables and accessories for insertion loss and return loss upon  
receipt, and retain the measured data for comparison, you will be able to tell in  
the future if any degradation has occurred. Typical values are less than 0.5 dB  
of loss, and sometimes as little as 0.1 dB of loss with high performance con-  
nectors. Return loss is a measure of reflection: the less reflection the better  
(the larger the return loss, the smaller the reflection). The best physically  
contacting connectors have return losses better than 50 dB, although 30 to  
40 dB is more common.  
4-16  
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Cleaning Connections for Accurate Measurements  
Visual inspection of fiber ends  
Visual inspection of fiber ends can be helpful. Contamination or imperfections  
on the cable end face can be detected as well as cracks or chips in the fiber  
itself. Use a microscope (100X to 200X magnification) to inspect the entire  
end face for contamination, raised metal, or dents in the metal as well as any  
other imperfections. Inspect the fiber for cracks and chips. Visible imperfec-  
tions not touching the fiber core may not affect performance (unless the  
imperfections keep the fibers from contacting).  
W A R N I N G  
Always remove both ends of fiber-optic cables from any instrument,  
system, or device before visually inspecting the fiber ends. Disable all  
optical sources before disconnecting fiber-optic cables. Failure to do  
so may result in permanent injury to your eyes.  
Cleaning Connectors  
The procedures in this section provide the proper steps for cleaning fiber-  
optic cables and Agilent Technologies universal adapters. The initial cleaning,  
using the alcohol as a solvent, gently removes any grit and oil. If a caked-on  
layer of material is still present, (this can happen if the beryllium-copper sides  
of the ferrule retainer get scraped and deposited on the end of the fiber during  
insertion of the cable), a second cleaning should be performed. It is not  
uncommon for a cable or connector to require more than one cleaning.  
C A U T I O N  
Agilent Technologies strongly recommends that index matching compounds  
not be applied to their instruments and accessories. Some compounds, such as  
gels, may be difficult to remove and can contain damaging particulates. If you  
think the use of such compounds is necessary, refer to the compound  
manufacturer for information on application and cleaning procedures.  
Table 4-2. Cleaning Accessories  
Item  
Agilent Part Number  
Any commercially available denatured alcohol  
Cotton swabs  
8520-0023  
9300-1223  
8500-5262  
Small foam swabs  
Compressed dust remover (non-residue)  
4-17  
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Reference  
Cleaning Connections for Accurate Measurements  
Table 4-3. Dust Caps Provided with Lightwave Instruments  
Item  
Agilent Part Number  
Laser shutter cap  
FC/PC dust cap  
Biconic dust cap  
DIN dust cap  
08145-64521  
08154-44102  
08154-44105  
5040-9364  
HMS10/dust cap  
ST dust cap  
5040-9361  
5040-9366  
To clean a non-lensed connector  
C A U T I O N  
Do not use any type of foam swab to clean optical fiber ends. Foam swabs can  
leave filmy deposits on fiber ends that can degrade performance.  
1 Apply pure isopropyl alcohol to a clean lint-free cotton swab or lens paper.  
Cotton swabs can be used as long as no cotton fibers remain on the fiber end  
after cleaning.  
2 Clean the ferrules and other parts of the connector while avoiding the end of  
the fiber.  
3 Apply isopropyl alcohol to a new clean lint-free cotton swab or lens paper.  
4 Clean the fiber end with the swab or lens paper.  
Do not scrub during this initial cleaning because grit can be caught in the  
swab and become a gouging element.  
5 Immediately dry the fiber end with a clean, dry, lint-free cotton swab or lens  
paper.  
6 Blow across the connector end face from a distance of 6 to 8 inches using  
filtered, dry, compressed air. Aim the compressed air at a shallow angle to the  
fiber end face.  
Nitrogen gas or compressed dust remover can also be used.  
4-18  
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Cleaning Connections for Accurate Measurements  
C A U T I O N  
Do not shake, tip, or invert compressed air canisters, because this releases  
particles in the can into the air. Refer to instructions provided on the  
compressed air canister.  
7 As soon as the connector is dry, connect or cover it for later use.  
If the performance, after the initial cleaning, seems poor try cleaning the con-  
nector again. Often a second cleaning will restore proper performance. The  
second cleaning should be more arduous with a scrubbing action.  
To clean an adapter  
The fiber-optic input and output connectors on many Agilent Technologies  
instruments employ a universal adapter such as those shown in the following  
picture. These adapters allow you to connect the instrument to different types  
of fiber-optic cables.  
Figure 4-8. Universal adapters.  
1 Apply isopropyl alcohol to a clean foam swab.  
Cotton swabs can be used as long as no cotton fibers remain after cleaning. The  
foam swabs listed in this section’s introduction are small enough to fit into  
adapters.  
Although foam swabs can leave filmy deposits, these deposits are very thin, and  
the risk of other contamination buildup on the inside of adapters greatly out-  
weighs the risk of contamination by foam swabs.  
2 Clean the adapter with the foam swab.  
3 Dry the inside of the adapter with a clean, dry, foam swab.  
4 Blow through the adapter using filtered, dry, compressed air.  
Nitrogen gas or compressed dust remover can also be used. Do not shake, tip,  
or invert compressed air canisters, because this releases particles in the can  
into the air. Refer to instructions provided on the compressed air canister.  
4-19  
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Reference  
Returning the Instrument for Service  
Returning the Instrument for Service  
The instructions in this section show you how to properly return the instru-  
ment for repair or calibration. Always call the Agilent Technologies Instrument  
Support Center first to initiate service before returning your instrument to a  
service office. This ensures that the repair (or calibration) can be properly  
tracked and that your instrument will be returned to you as quickly as possi-  
ble. Call this number regardless of where you are located. Refer to “Agilent  
Technologies Service Offices” on page 4-23 for a list of service offices.  
Agilent Technologies Instrument Support Center . . . . . . . . . . .(800) 403-0801  
If the instrument is still under warranty or is covered by an Agilent Technolo-  
gies maintenance contract, it will be repaired under the terms of the warranty  
or contract (the warranty is at the front of this manual). If the instrument is  
no longer under warranty or is not covered by an Agilent Technologies mainte-  
nance plan, Agilent Technologies will notify you of the cost of the repair after  
examining the unit.  
When an instrument is returned to a Agilent Technologies service office for  
servicing, it must be adequately packaged and have a complete description of  
the failure symptoms attached. When describing the failure, please be as spe-  
cific as possible about the nature of the problem. Include copies of additional  
failure information (such as the instrument failure settings, data related to  
instrument failure, and error messages) along with the instrument being  
returned.  
Preparing the instrument for shipping  
1 Write a complete description of the failure and attach it to the instrument.  
Include any specific performance details related to the problem. The following  
4-20  
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Reference  
Returning the Instrument for Service  
information should be returned with the instrument.  
• Type of service required.  
• Date instrument was returned for repair.  
• Description of the problem:  
• Whether problem is constant or intermittent.  
• Whether instrument is temperature-sensitive.  
• Whether instrument is vibration-sensitive.  
• Instrument settings required to reproduce the problem.  
• Performance data.  
• Company name and return address.  
• Name and phone number of technical contact person.  
• Model number of returned instrument.  
• Full serial number of returned instrument.  
• List of any accessories returned with instrument.  
2 Cover all front or rear-panel connectors that were originally covered when you  
first received the instrument.  
C A U T I O N  
C A U T I O N  
Cover electrical connectors to protect sensitive components from electrostatic  
damage. Cover optical connectors to protect them from damage due to physical  
contact or dust.  
Instrument damage can result from using packaging materials other than the  
original materials. Never use styrene pellets as packaging material. They do not  
adequately cushion the instrument or prevent it from shifting in the carton.  
They may also cause instrument damage by generating static electricity.  
3 Pack the instrument in the original shipping containers. Original materials are  
available through any Agilent Technologies office. Or, use the following  
guidelines:  
• Wrap the instrument in antistatic plastic to reduce the possibility of damage  
caused by electrostatic discharge.  
• For instruments weighing less than 54 kg (120 lb), use a double-walled, cor-  
rugated cardboard carton of 159 kg (350 lb) test strength.  
• The carton must be large enough to allow approximately 7 cm (3 inches) on  
all sides of the instrument for packing material, and strong enough to accom-  
modate the weight of the instrument.  
• Surround the equipment with approximately 7 cm (3 inches) of packing ma-  
terial, to protect the instrument and prevent it from moving in the carton. If  
packing foam is not available, the best alternative is S.D-240 Air Cap™ from  
4-21  
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Reference  
Returning the Instrument for Service  
Sealed Air Corporation (Commerce, California 90001). Air Cap looks like a  
plastic sheet filled with air bubbles. Use the pink (antistatic) Air Cap™ to  
reduce static electricity. Wrapping the instrument several times in this ma-  
terial will protect the instrument and prevent it from moving in the carton.  
4 Seal the carton with strong nylon adhesive tape.  
5 Mark the carton “FRAGILE, HANDLE WITH CARE”.  
6 Retain copies of all shipping papers.  
4-22  
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Reference  
Agilent Technologies Service Offices  
Agilent Technologies Service Offices  
Before returning an instrument for service, call the Agilent Technologies  
Instrument Support Center at (800) 403-0801, visit the Test and Measurement  
index.html, or call one of the numbers listed below.  
Agilent Technologies Service Numbers  
Austria  
01/25125-7171  
32-2-778.37.71  
(11) 7297-8600  
86 10 6261 3819  
45 99 12 88  
Belgium  
Brazil  
China  
Denmark  
Finland  
358-10-855-2360  
01.69.82.66.66  
0180/524-6330  
080-34 35788  
+39 02 9212 2701  
01 615 8222  
France  
Germany  
India  
Italy  
Ireland  
Japan  
(81)-426-56-7832  
82/2-3770-0419  
(5) 258-4826  
Korea  
Mexico  
Netherlands  
Norway  
Russia  
020-547 6463  
22 73 57 59  
+7-095-797-3930  
(34/91) 631 1213  
08-5064 8700  
(01) 735 7200  
01 344 366666  
(800) 403-0801  
Spain  
Sweden  
Switzerland  
United Kingdom  
United States/Canada  
4-23  
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Index  
DATA Auxiliary Output connector, 2-5  
data rate  
indicator lights, 1-5  
data rates, 2-2  
multiple of, 2-8  
declaration of conformity, 3-8  
dust caps, 4-18  
A
adapter cable, 1-3, 1-4  
Agilent 54701A active probe, 2-11  
Agilent 83492A  
connections, 1-7  
maximum input level, 1-5  
Agilent offices, 4-23  
B
electrostatic discharge, 1-2, 4-8  
error messages, 4-5  
Bellcore GR-253-CORE, 2-5  
block diagram, 2-7  
bypass mode, 2-4, 2-5  
error performance analyzers, use with, 2-3  
ESD  
static-safe work station, 4-9  
extender cables, 1-3  
C
cabinet, cleaning, iii  
calibration cycle, 3-2  
care  
of cabinet, iii  
care of fiber optics, 1-2  
channel  
key, 1-2  
setup, 1-2  
Channel key, 2-3  
characteristics, defined, 3-2  
classification  
product, iii  
cleaning  
fiber  
adapters, 4-2  
care of, 1-2  
connections on Agilent 83492A, 1-7  
multimode, 2-2  
reflections, 2-6  
single-mode, 2-2  
fiber optics  
cleaning connections, 4-10  
connectors, covering, 4-21  
upgrade kit, 1-2  
version required, 1-2  
foam swabs, 4-17  
front panel, 2-4  
adapters, 4-2  
adapters, 4-19  
cabinet, iii  
fiber-optic connections, 4-10, 4-18  
non-lensed connectors, 4-18  
CLOCK Auxiliary Output connector, 2-5  
compensation  
Agilent 54701A active probe, 2-11  
insertion loss, 2-9  
other devices, 2-12  
passive probe, 2-11  
compressed dust remover, 4-17  
connector  
features, 2-4  
fuse  
values, iii  
care, 4-10  
cotton swabs, 4-17  
customer assistance, iv  
G
GPIB programming, 2-3  
green light, 1-5  
D
damaged shipment, 1-3  
Index-1  
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procedure, 4-20  
single-mode fiber, 2-6  
specifications, 3-2  
Agilent 83491A, 3-3  
Agilent 83492A, 3-4  
Agilent 83493A, 3-6  
defined, 3-2  
operating, 3-7  
temperature range, 3-2  
swabs, 4-17  
I
IEC Publication 61010-1, iii  
input  
connector, 4-10  
Input connector, 1-2, 1-7  
input connector, 2-2  
input signal, maximum safe, 1-5  
insertion loss, 2-3, 2-6  
compensation, 2-9  
instrument  
returning for service, 4-20  
ITU-T G.957, 2-5  
technical assistance, iv  
testing, responsivity, 1-4  
trigger bypass mode, 2-4, 2-5  
Trigger On Data light, 2-4  
troubleshooting, 4-3  
M
mainframe troubleshooting, 4-3  
maximum input level, 1-5  
O
Output connector, 2-5  
Unlocked light, 1-6, 2-5, 2-8  
P
packaging for shipment, 4-21  
plug-in module  
serial number, 1-3  
programming, 2-3  
R
red light, 1-5  
regulatory information, 3-2  
responsivity, testing, 1-4  
returning for service, 4-20  
S
safety, iii  
laser classification, iii  
safety information, iv, 1-3, 2-3  
sales and service offices, 4-23  
SELECT key, 1-5, 2-4  
serial number, 1-3  
service, 4-20  
returning for, 4-20  
sales and service offices, 4-23  
shipping  
Index-2  
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