Copyright
This documentation and the software included with this product are
copyrighted 2002 by Advantech Co., Ltd. All rights are reserved.
Advantech Co., Ltd. reserves the right to make improvements in the
products described in this manual at any time without notice. No part of this
manual may be reproduced, copied, translated or transmitted in any form or
by any means without the prior written permission of Advantech Co., Ltd.
Information provided in this manual is intended to be accurate and reliable.
However, Advantech Co., Ltd. assumes no responsibility for its use, nor for
any infringements of the rights of third parties which may result from its
use.
Acknowledgments
PC-LabCard is a trademark of Advantech Co., Ltd. IBM and PC are
trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. MS-DOS,
Windows, Microsoft Visual C++ and Visual BASIC are trademarks of
Microsoft Corporation. Intel and Pentium are trademarks of Intel
Corporation. Delphi and C++ Builder are trademarks of Inprise
Corporation.
CE notification
The PCI-1784, developed by ADVANTECH CO., LTD., has passed the CE
test for environmental specifications when shielded cables are used for
external wiring. We recommend the use of shielded cables. This kind of
cable is available from Advantech. Please contact your local supplier for
ordering information.
On-line Technical Support
For technical support and service, please visit our support website at:
Note:
✎✎Concerning the environment protection, we’d like to reduce the paper
using for the user’s manual. Starting the page of Appendix C, please find
the PDF file of the CD-ROM.
Part No. 2003178400
Printed in Taiwan
1st Edition
July 2002
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Contents
1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 FEATURES........................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 APPLICATIONS ................................................................................................................. 4
1.3 INSTALLATION GUIDE...................................................................................................... 4
1.4 SOFTWARE OVERVIEW..................................................................................................... 6
1.5 DEVICE DRIVERS PROGRAMMING ROADMAP .................................................................. 7
1.6 ACCESSORIES .................................................................................................................. 9
2. INSTALLATION.................................................................................................................. 10
2.1 UNPACKING................................................................................................................... 10
2.2 DRIVER INSTALLATION.................................................................................................. 12
2.3 HARDWARE INSTALLATION............................................................................................ 13
2.4 DEVICE SETUP & CONFIGURATION................................................................................ 16
3. SIGNAL CONNECTIONS.................................................................................................. 19
3.1 OVERVIEW..................................................................................................................... 19
3.2 SWITCH AND JUMPER SETTINGS .................................................................................... 19
3.3 SIGNAL CONNECTIONS .................................................................................................. 21
APPENDIX A. SPECIFICATIONS........................................................................................ 25
APPENDIX B. BLOCK DIAGRAM ...................................................................................... 27
APPENDIX C. REGISTER STRUCTURE AND FORMAT ............................................... 29
C.1 OVERVIEW.................................................................................................................... 29
C.2 I/O PORT ADDRESS MAP .............................................................................................. 29
C.3 COUNTER 0/1/2/3 MODE — BASE+00/04/08/0CH ...................................................... 33
C.4 COUNTER 0/1/2/3 LATCH DATA — BASE+00/04/08/0CH............................................. 35
C.5 COUNTER 0/1/2/3 COMPARE DATA — BASE+10/14/18/1CH........................................ 36
C.6 INTERRUPT CONTROL REGISTER — BASE+20H........................................................... 37
C.7 INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER — BASE+20H .............................................................. 38
C.8 CLEAR INTERRUPT — BASE+24H............................................................................... 39
C.9 CLEAR INTERRUPT — BASE+24H............................................................................... 40
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C.10 SOFTWARE LATCH — BASE+28H.............................................................................. 41
C.11 BOARD ID — BASE+28H.......................................................................................... 42
C.12 RESET COUNTER — BASE+2CH................................................................................ 43
C.13 DIGITAL OUTPUT — BASE+30H................................................................................ 44
C.14 DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT — BASE+30H ..................................................................... 45
APPENDIX D. OPERATION ................................................................................................. 47
D.1 QUADRATURE ENCODER INTRODUCTION ...................................................................... 47
D.2 COUNTER MODES ......................................................................................................... 48
D.3 DIGITAL NOISE FILTER .................................................................................................. 49
D.4 LATCH MODE ................................................................................................................ 50
D.5 COUNTER RESET VALUE................................................................................................ 51
D.6 TIMER FUNCTION.......................................................................................................... 51
D.7 INTERRUPT FUNCTION .................................................................................................. 52
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1. Introduction
Thank you for buying the Advantech PCI-1784. The PCI-1784 is a 4-
axis quadrature encoder and counter card for PCI bus. This card
includes four 32-bit quadruple AB phase encoder counters, 8-bit timer
with multi range time-base selector and four isolated digital input and
four isolated digital output. Its flexible interrupt sources are suitable for
motor control and position monitoring.
The following sections of this chapter will provide further information
about features of the multifunction cards, a Quick Start for installation,
together with some brief information on software and accessories for the
PCI-1784 card.
1.1 Features
✎ Four 32-bit up/down counters
✎ Single ended or differential inputs
✎ Pulse/direction and up/down counter
✎ x1, x2, x4 counts for each encoder cycle
✎ Optically isolated up to 2500 VDC
✎ 4-stage digital filter with selectable sampling rate
✎ On board 8-bit timer with wide range time-base selector
✎ Multiple interrupt sources for precision application
✎ Four isolated digital input
✎ Four isolated digital output with flexible function
✎ Board ID
The Advantech PCI-1784 offers the following main features:
Encoder Interface
Each channel includes a decoding circuit for incremental quadrature
encoding. Inputs accept either single-ended or differential signals.
Quadrature input works with or without an index, allowing linear or
rotary encoder feedback.
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Counters
The PCI-1784 has four independent 32-bit counters. The maximum
quadrature input rate is 2 MHz, and the maximum input rate in counter
mode is 8 MHz. You can individually configure each counter for
quadrature decoding, pulse/direction counting or up/down counting.
Digital Input and Interrupts
The PCI-1784 provides four digital input channels. Each channel
accepts digital input as an index input for a rotary encoder or as a home
sensor input for a linear encoder. The card can generate an interrupt to
the system based on a signal from its digital inputs, overflow/underflow
and over-compare/under-compare of its counters, or on a programmed
time interval. It can repeatedly generate interrupts at any time interval
you specify, from 20 micro second to 51 second. These interrupts let
you precisely monitor the speed of a control system.
Flexible Digital Output function
The PCI-1784 provides four digital output channels. Each channel
accepts digital output as a normal TTL output for a rotary encoder, or as
an indicated output with pulse/level mode for a linear encoder. The PCI-
1784 can generate an indicated output based on a signal from over-
compare/under-compare of its counters. The pulse width of an indicated
output is depends on the counter clock or clear interrupt.
Special Shielded Cable for Noise Reduction
The PCL-10137H shielded cable is specially designed for the PCI-1784
for reducing noise. Its wires are all twisted pairs, and the input signals
and output signals are separately shielded, providing minimal cross talk
between signals and the best protection against EMI/EMC problems.
Keeping the Counter Values and the Output Status after system
reset
Users can independently use the four counter channels. When the
system is hot reset (power not shut down), the PCI-1784 can either
retain the last counter values and the output status, or return to its
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default configuration, depending on jumper setting. This practical
function eliminates danger caused by miss-operation during unexpected
system reset.
Board ID
The PCI-1784 has a built-in DIP Switch that helps define each card’s ID
when multiple PCI-1784 cards have been installed on the same PC
chassis. The board ID setting function is very useful when users build
their system with multiple PCI-1784 cards. With correct Board ID
settings, you can easily identify and access each card during hardware
configuration and software programming.
Note:
✎✎For detailed specifications of the PCI-1784, please refer to Appendix A,
Specifications.
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1.2 Applications
✎ Motion control
✎ Position sensing, monitoring and measuring
✎ Coordinate measuring machines
✎ X-Y table monitors
✎ Robotics
✎ Machine control
1.3 Installation Guide
Before you install your PCI-1784 card, please make sure you have the
following necessary components:
✎ PCI-1784 DA&C card
✎ PCI-1784 User’s Manual
✎ Driver software
Advantech DLL drivers
(included in the companion CD-ROM)
PCL-10137H (option)
✎ Wiring cable
✎ Wiring board
✎ Computer
ADAM-3937 (option)
Personal computer or workstation with a
PCI-bus slot (running Windows 2000/95/98/
NT/ME/XP)
Some other optional components are also available for enhanced
operation:
✎ Application software ActiveDAQ, GeniDAQ or other third-party
software packages
After you get the necessary components and maybe some of the
accessories for enhanced operation of your Multifunction card, you can
then begin the Installation procedures. Figure 1-1 on the next page
provides a concise flow chart to give users a broad picture of the
software and hardware installation procedures:
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Install Driver from CD-ROM, then power-off PC
Install Hardware and power-on PC
Use driver utility to configure hardware
Use test utility to test hardware
Read examples & driver manual
Start to write your own application
Fig. 1-1 Installation Flow Chart
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1.4 Software Overview
Advantech offers a rich set of DLL drivers, third-party driver support
and application software to help fully exploit the functions of your PCI-
1784 card:
✎ Device Drivers (on the companion CD-ROM)
✎ LabVIEW driver*
✎ Advantech ActiveDAQ
✎ Advantech GeniDAQ
Programming choices for DA&C cards: You may use Advantech
application software such as Advantech Device Drivers. On the other
hand, advanced users are allowed another option for register-level
programming, although not recommended due to its laborious and time-
consuming nature.
Device Drivers
The Advantech Device Drivers software is included on the companion
CD-ROM at no extra charge. It also comes with all the Advantech
DA&C cards. Advantech’s device drivers features a complete I/O
function library to help boost your application performance. The
Advantech Device Drivers for Windows 2000/95/98/ ME/NT/XP
works seamlessly with development tools such as Visual C++, Visual
Basic, Inprise C++ Builder and Inprise Delphi.
Register-level Programming
Register-level programming is reserved for experienced programmers
who find it necessary to write codes directly at the level of device
registers. Since register-level programming requires much effort and
time, we recommend that you use the Advantech Device Drivers
instead. However, if register-level programming is indispensable, you
should refer to the relevant information in Appendix C, Register
Structure and Format, or to the example codes included on the
companion CD-ROM.
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1.5 Device Drivers Programming Roadmap
This section will provide you a roadmap to demonstrate how to build
an application from scratch using Advantech Device Drivers with your
favorite development tools such as Visual C++, Visual Basic, Delphi
and C++ Builder. The step-by-step instructions on how to build your
own applications using each development tool will be given in the
Device Drivers Manual. Moreover, a rich set of example source codes
are also given for your reference.
Programming Tools
Programmers can develop application programs with their favorite
development tools:
✎ Visual C++
✎ Visual Basic
✎ Delphi
✎ C++ Builder
For instructions on how to begin programming works in each
development tool, Advantech offers a Tutorial Chapter in the Device
Drivers Manual for your reference. Please refer to the corresponding
sections in this chapter on the Device Drivers Manual to begin your
programming efforts. You can also take a look at the example source
codes provided for each programming tool, since they can get you very
well-oriented.
The Device Drivers Manual can be found on the companion CD-ROM.
Or if you have already installed the Device Drivers on your system,
The Device Drivers Manual can be readily accessed through the Start
button:
Start/Programs/Advantech Driver V2.0/Device Driver Manual
The example source codes could be found under the corresponding
installation folder such as the default installation path:
\Program Files\Advantech\ADSAPI\Examples
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For information about using other function groups or other
development tools, please refer to the Creating Windows 95/NT/2000
Application with Device Drivers chapter and the Function Overview
chapter on the Device Drivers Manual.
Programming with Device Drivers Function Library
Advantech Device Drivers offers a rich function library to be utilized
in various application programs. This function library consists of
numerous APIs that support many development tools, such as Visual
C++, Visual Basic, Delphi and C++ Builder.
According to their specific functions or services, those APIs can be
categorized into several function groups:
✎ Digital Input/Output Function Group
✎ Counter Function Group
✎ Port Function Group (direct I/O)
✎ Event Function Group
For the usage and parameters of each function, please refer to the
Function Overview chapter in the Device Drivers Manual.
Troubleshooting Device Drivers Error
Driver functions will return a status code when they are called to
perform a certain task for the application. When a function returns a
code that is not zero, it means the function has failed to perform its
designated function. To troubleshoot the Device Drivers error, you can
pass the error code to DRV_GetErrorMessage function to return the
error message. Or you can refer to the Device Drivers Error Codes
Appendix in the Device Drivers Manaul for a detailed listing of the
Error Code, Error ID and the Error Message.
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1.6 Accessories
Advantech offers a complete set of accessory products to support the
PCI-1784 card. These accessories include:
Wiring Cable
✎ PCL-10137H The PCL-10137H shielded cable is specially designed
for PCI-1784 cards to provide high resistance to noise.
To achieve a better signal quality, the signal wires are
twisted in such a way as to form a “twisted-pair cable”,
reducing cross-talk and noise from other signal sources.
Furthermore, its analog and digital lines are separately
sheathed and shielded to neutralize EMI/EMC
problems.
Wiring Boards
✎ ADAM-3937 The ADAM-3937 is a 37-pin D-type wiring terminal
module for DIN-rail mounting. This terminal module
can be readily connected to the Advantech PC-Lab
cards and allow easy yet reliable access to individual
pin connections for the PCI-1784 card.
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2. Installation
This chapter gives users a package item checklist, proper instructions
about unpacking and step-by-step procedures for both driver and card
installation.
2.1 Unpacking
After receiving your PCI-1784 package, please inspect its contents first.
The package should contain the following items:
! PCI-1784 card
! Companion CD-ROM (DLL driver included)
! User’s Manual
The PCI-1784 card harbors certain electronic components vulnerable to
electrostatic discharge (ESD). ESD could easily damage the integrated
circuits and certain components if preventive measures are not carefully
paid attention to.
Before removing the card from the antistatic plastic bag, you should
take following precautions to ward off possible ESD damage:
" Touch the metal part of your computer chassis with your hand to
discharge static electricity accumulated on your body. Or one can
also use a grounding strap.
" Touch the anti-static bag to a metal part of your computer chassis
before opening the bag.
" Take hold of the card only by the metal bracket when removing it
out of the bag.
After taking out the card, first you should:
" Inspect the card for any possible signs of external damage (loose or
damaged components, etc.). If the card is visibly damaged, please
notify our service department or our local sales representative
immediately. Avoid installing a damaged card into your system.
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Also pay extra caution to the following aspects to ensure proper
installation:
! Avoid physical contact with materials that could hold static
electricity such as plastic, vinyl and Styrofoam.
! Whenever you handle the card, grasp it only by its edges. DO NOT
TOUCH the exposed metal pins of the connector or the electronic
components.
Note:
✎✎Keep the anti-static bag for future use. You might need the original bag to
store the card if you have to remove the card from PC or transport it
elsewhere.
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2.2 Driver Installation
We recommend you to install the driver before you install the PCI-
1784 card into your system, since this will guarantee a smooth
installation process.
The Advantech Device Drivers Setup program for the PCI-1784 card is
included on the companion CD-ROM that is shipped with your DA&C
card package. Please follow the steps below to install the driver
software:
Step 1: Insert the companion CD-ROM into your CD-ROM drive.
Step 2: The Setup program will be launched automatically if you have
the autoplay function enabled on your system. When the Setup
Program is launched, you’ll see the following Setup Screen.
Note:
✎✎If the autoplay function is not enabled on your computer, use Windows
Explorer or Windows Run command to execute SETUP.EXE on the
companion CD-ROM.
Fig. 2-1 The Setup Screen of Advantech Automation Software
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Step 3: Select the Individual Drivers option.
Step 4: Select the specific device then just follow the installation
instructions step by step to complete your device driver setup.
Fig. 2-2 Different options for Driver Setup
For further information on driver-related issues, an online version of
Device Drivers Manual is available by accessing the following path:
Start/Programs/Advantech Device Drivers V2.0/Device Driver Manual
2.3 Hardware Installation
Note:
✎✎Make sure you have installed the driver first before you install the card
(please refer to 2.2 Driver Installation)
After the DLL driver installation is completed, you can now go on to
install the PCI-1784 card in any PCI slot on your computer. But it is
suggested that you should refer to the computer user manual or related
documentation if you have any doubt. Please follow the steps below to
install the card on your system.
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Step 1: Turn off your computer and unplug the power cord and cables.
TURN OFF your computer before installing or removing any
components on the computer.
Step 2: Remove the cover of your computer.
Step 3: Remove the slot cover on the back panel of your computer.
Step 4: Touch the metal part on the surface of your computer to
neutralize the static electricity that might be on your body.
Step 5: Insert the PCI-1784 card into a PCI slot. Hold the card only by
its edges and carefully align it with the slot. Insert the card
firmly into place. Use of excessive force must be avoided,
otherwise the card might be damaged.
Step 6: Fasten the bracket of the PCI card on the back panel rail of the
computer with screws.
Step 7: Connect appropriate accessories (37-pin cable, wiring terminals,
etc. if necessary) to the PCI card.
Step 8: Replace the cover of your computer chassis. Re-connect the
cables you removed in step 2.
Step 9: Plug in the power cord and turn on the computer.
Note:
✎✎In case you installed the card without installing the DLL driver first,
Windows 95/98/ME will recognize your card as an “unknown device” after
rebooting, and will prompt you to provide the necessary driver. You should
ignore the prompting messages (just click the Cancel button) and set up the
driver according to the steps described in 2.2 Driver Installation.
After the PCI-1784 card is installed, you can verify whether it is
properly installed on your system in the Device Manager:
1. Access the Device Manager through Control Panel/System/Device
Manager.
2. The device name of the PCI-1784 should be listed on the Device
Manager tab on the System Property Page.
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Fig. 2-3 The device name listed on the Device Manager
Note:
✎✎If your card is properly installed, you should see the device name of your
card listed on the Device Manager tab. If you do see your device name
listed on it but marked with an exclamation sign “!”, it means your
card has not been correctly installed. In this case, remove the card
device from the Device Manager by selecting its device name and press
the Remove button. Then go through the driver installation process
again.
After your card is properly installed on your system, you can now
configure your device using the PCI-1784 Utility program that has itself
already been installed on your system during driver setup. A complete
device installation procedure should include board selection and device
setup. After that, you can operate this card through the operation. The
following sections will guide you through the board selection, device
setup and operation of your device.
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2.4 Device Setup & Configuration
The PCI-1784 Utility program is a utility that allows you to setup,
configure and test your device, and later stores your settings on the
system registry. These settings will be used when you call the APIs of
Advantech Device Drivers.
Board selection
After your card is properly inserted, the Windows system will install the
drivers properly. You just need to launch the PCI-1784 Utility for board
selection. Click Board Selection and the board dialog box will appear
as seen below (Fig. 2-4):
Fig. 2-4 The ‘Board Selection’ dialog box
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Setting Up and configure the device
Click Setup to configure each parameter. The dialog box will appear as
seen below (Fig. 2-5):
Fig. 2-5 The ‘Setup’ dialog box
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Fig. 2-6 The “Operation” dialog box
After your card is properly installed and configured, you can click the
Operation button to test your hardware. For more detailed information,
please refer to Chapter 2 of the Device Drivers Manual.
You can also find the rich examples on the CD-ROM to speeding up
your programming.
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3. Signal Connections
3.1 Overview
Maintaining signal connections is one of the most important factors in
ensuring that your application system is sending and receiving data
correctly. A good signal connection can avoid unnecessary and costly
damage to your PC and other hardware devices. This chapter provides
useful information about how to connect input and output signals to the
PCI-1784 via the I/O connector.
3.2 Switch and Jumper Settings
The PCI-1784 card has one function switch and five jumper settings.
Fig. 3-1 Card connector, jumper and switch locations
Table 3-1: Summary of jumper settings
Names of Jumpers
Function description
Keep last status after hot reset
Default configuration
JP2
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Setting the time to reset the digital outputs and the counter
value
Some users will want the capability of clearing each counter and the
isolated digital output when the system (or PC) issues a reset signal on
the PCI bus. Some users will want to clear their counter and digital
output only as part of system power-on.
The PCI-1784 satisfies both these needs by providing jumper JP2.
Depending on the application, this capability may allow counter value
and the isolated digital outputs to be "OFF" without requiring a
complete shutdown of processes controlled by the card.
Complete loss of power to the chip clears the chip memory. Thus, no
matter how JP2 is set, if the power to the PCI-1784 is disconnected, the
counter value and the isolated digital output initial power-on state will
be "OFF".
Board ID setting (SW1)
ID3 ID2 ID1 ID0 Board ID
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Note: On: 1, Off: 0
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3.3 Signal Connections
Pin Assignment
Figure 3-2 shows the pin assignments for the 37-pin I/O connector on
the PCI-1784.
EGND
CH0A+
CH0B+
CH0Z+
CH1A+
CH1B+
CH1Z+
CH2A+
CH2B+
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
20 CH0A-
21 CH0B-
22 CH0Z-
23 CH1A-
24 CH1B-
25 CH1Z-
26 CH2A-
27 CH2B-
28 CH2Z-
29 CH3A-
30 CH3B-
31 CH3Z-
32 EGND
33 IDI1
CH2Z+ 10
CH3A+ 11
CH3B+ 12
CH3Z+ 13
IDI COM 14
IDI0 15
34 IDI3
IDI2 16
35 EGND
36 IDO1
37 IDO3
EGND 17
IDO0 18
IDO2 19
.
Fig. 3-2 I/O connector pin assignments for the PCI-1784
I/O Connector Signal Description
Table 3-2 I/O Connector Signal Description
Signal Name
EGND
Reference
-
Direction
-
Description
External Ground.
CH<0..3>A+
CH<0..3>A-
CH<0..3>B+
CH<0..3>B-
CH<0..3>Z+
CH<0..3>Z-
IDI<0..3>
IDI COM
IDO<0..3>
EGND
EGND
EGND
EGND
EGND
EGND
EGND
IDI COM
-
Input
Input
Input
Input
Input
Input
Input
-
Channel <0..3> A differential positive-input.
Channel <0..3> A differential negative-input.
Channel <0..3> B differential positive-input.
Channel <0..3> B differential negative-input.
Channel <0..3> Z differential positive-input.
Channel <0..3> Z differential negative-input.
Isolated Digital Input, Channels 0 through 3.
Common input of the Isolated Digital Input.
Isolated Digital Output, Channels 0 through 3.
External Ground.
EGND
-
Output
-
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Quadrature encoder input
CHnA+
CHnB+
CHnZ+
A
B
I
Single ended
outputs of
Encoder
PCI-1784
connector
GND
EGND
A+
A-
B+
B-
I+
I-
CHnA+
CHnA-
CHnB+
CHnB-
CHnZ+
CHnZ-
Differential
outputs of
Encoder or
Line driver
PCI-1784
connector
EGND
GND
CHnA+
CHnB+
PULSE
DIR
Pulse/Direction
Counter
PCI-1784
connector
GND
EGND
Figure 3-3: Quadrature encoder input connections
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CHnA+
CHnB+
UP
DN
Up/Down
Counter
PCI-1784
connector
GND
EGND
CHnA+
CHnB+
UP
DN
Two_Pulse
Up Counter
PCI-1784
connector
GND
EGND
CHnA+
CHnB+
UP
DN
Two_Pulse
Down Counter
PCI-1784
connector
GND
EGND
Figure 3-4: Quadrature encoder (up/down counter) input connections
Note:
✎✎In case you want to connect the Up/Down counter signal into the PCI-1784,
be sure that all the signals must be connected. The floating connection will
cause unexpected result.
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Isolated digital input
External
Internal
VCC
IDI0~IDI3
DC
(5-30V)
GND
IDI COM
Figure 3-4: Isolated digital input connections
Isolated digital output
Internal
External
IDO0~IDO3
TTL
TTL
level
level
Isolated
Protection
Circuit
EGND
Figure 3-5: Isolated digital output connections
24
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Appendix A. Specifications
Encoder Output
Number of Axis
Resolution
4 (independent)
32-bit
w/ Digital Filter
w/o Digital
Filter
1.0 MHz
2.0 MHz
Max. Quadrature
Input Frequency
Digital Filter
Drive Type
4 stage
Single-ended or differential
Counter Mode
Optical Isolation
Max. Input Pulse
Frequency
Quadrature, Up/Down, Count/Direction
2500 V
DC
x 1, x 2, x 4
Sample Clock
Frequency
8, 4, 2, or 1 MHz
Timer
Resolution
Time base
8-bit
50 K, 5 K, 500, 50, 5 Hz
Isolated Digital Input
Number of Channel
Optical Isolation
4
2500 V
DC
Opto-isolator response time
Over-voltage Protect
25µs
70 V
DC
VIH (max.)
VIH (min.)
VIL (max.)
30 V
DC
Input Voltage
Input Current
10 V
DC
3 V
DC
10 V
1.7 mA (typical)
2.1 mA (typical)
4.4 mA (typical)
DC
12 V
DC
24 V
DC
Isolated Digital Output
Number of Channel
Optical Isolation
4
2500 V
DC
Response time
Supply Voltage
20 µs (max.)
TTL level
Sink/Source Current
50 mA max./channel
25
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Interrupt
Counter overflow, Counter underflow,
Index input, Compare, Timer, Digital input
Source
Counter Latch
Source
Software, Timer, Index input, Digital input
General
I/O Connector Type
Dimensions
37-pin D-sub female
175 mm x 100 mm (6.9" x 3.9")
Typical
Max.
+5 V @ 200 mA
+5 V @ 450 mA
Power Consumption
0~60°C (32~140°F)
(refer to IEC 68-2-1,2)
Operation
Temperature
Storage
-20~70°C (-4~158°F)
5~95%RH non-condensing
(refer to IEC 68-2-3)
CE certified
Relative Humidity
Certification
26
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Appendix B. Block Diagram
CH.0 PHASE A
CH.0 PHASE B
CH.0 INDEX
32-BIT
COUNTER
MODE
DIGITAL
FILTER
UP/DOWN
COUNTER
CONTROL
CH.1 PHASE A
CH.1 PHASE B
CH.1 INDEX
32-BIT MULTI-MODE
UP/DOWN COUNTER
CH.2 PHASE A
CH.2 PHASE B
CH.2 INDEX
32-BIT MULTI-MODE
UP/DOWN COUNTER
CH.3 PHASE A
CH.3 PHASE B
CH.3 INDEX
32-BIT MULTI-MODE
UP/DOWN COUNTER
DO/I CH.0
DO/I CH.1
DO/I CH.2
DO/I CH.3
PROGRAMMABLE
TIME-BASE
GENERATOR
INTERRUPT CONTROLLER
PCI INTERFACE
PCI BUS
27
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Appendix C. Register Structure and Format
C.1 Overview
The PCI-1784 is delivered with an easy-to-use 32-bit DLL driver for
user programming under the Windows 2000/95/98/NT/ME/XP
operating system. We advise users to program the PCI-1784 using the
32-bit DLL driver provided by Advantech to avoid the complexity of
low-level programming by register.
The most important consideration in programming the PCI-1784 the
register level is to understand the function of the card's registers. The
information in the following sections is provided only for users who
would like to do their own low-level programming.
C.2 I/O Port Address Map
The PCI-1784 requires 32 consecutive addresses in the PC's I/O space.
The address of each register is specified as an offset from the card's
base address. For example, BASE+0 is the card's base address and
BASE+6 is the base address plus six bytes.
The table C-1 shows the function of each register of the PCI-1784 or
driver and its address relative to the card's base address.
29
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Table C-1 PCI-1784 register format (Part 1)
PCI-1784 Register Format
Base
Address
+ HEX
15
31
14
30
13
29
12
28
11
27
10
26
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
Counter 0 Mode
SW DF
W
00H
DI3 DI2 DI1 DI0
TM
IX
UL
OL
D5
RF
D4
M2
D2
M1
D1
M0
D0
Counter 0 Latch Data
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6
R
D3
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 1 Mode
W
04H
DI3 DI2 DI1 DI0
TM
IX
SW
DF
UL
OL
D5
RF
D4
M2
D2
M1
D1
M0
D0
Counter 1 Latch Data
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6
R
D3
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 2 Mode
W
08H
DI3 DI2 DI1 DI0
TM
IX
SW
DF
UL
OL
D5
RF
D4
M2
D2
M1
D1
M0
D0
Counter 2 Latch Data
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6
R
D3
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 3 Mode
W
0CH
R
DI3 DI2 DI1 DI0
TM
IX
SW
DF
UL
OL
RF
M2
M1
M0
Counter 3 Latch Data
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
30
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Table C-1 PCI-1784 register format (Part 2)
PCI-1784 Register Format
Base
Address
+ HEX
15
31
14
30
13
29
12
28
11
27
10
26
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
Counter 0 Compare Data
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6
W
10H
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 0 Compare Data
R
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 1 Compare Data
W
14H
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 1 Compare Data
R
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 2 Compare Data
W
18H
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 2 Compare Data
R
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 3 Compare Data
W
1CH
R
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 3 Compare Data
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
31
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Table C-1 PCI-1784 register format (Part 3)
PCI-1784 Register Format
Base
Address
+ HEX
15
31
14
30
13
29
12
28
11
27
10
26
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
Interrupt Control
W
20H
DI3 DI2 DI1 DI0 IX3
IE TM
IX2
IX2
IX1
IX1
IX0 UN3 UN2 UN1 UN0 OV3 OV2 OV1 OV0
UC3 UC2 UC1 UC0 OC3 OC2 OC1 OC0
Interrupt Status
R
DI3 DI2 DI1 DI0 IX3
IF TM
IX0 UN3 UN2 UN1 UN0 OV3 OV2 OV1 OV0
UC3 UC2 UC1 UC0 OC3 OC2 OC1 OC0
Clock Control
W
24H
SC1 SC0
TB2 TB1 TB0 DV7 DV6 DV5 DV4 DV3 DV2 DV1 DV0
Clear Interrupt
R
Software Latch
W
28H
SL3 SL2 SL1 SL0
Board ID
R
BD3 BD2 BD1 BD0
Reset Counter
W
2CH
R
SR3 SR2 SR1 SR0
N/A
Digital Output
W
30H
DO3 DO2 DO1 DO0
DM3 DM2 DM1 DM0 LE3 LE2 LE1 LE0 UC3 UC2 UC1 UC0 OC3 OC2 OC1 OC0
Digital Input/Output
R
DI3 DI2 DI1 DI0 DO3 DO2 DO1 DO0
DM3 DM2 DM1 DM0 LE3 LE2 LE1 LE0 UC3 UC2 UC1 UC0 OC3 OC2 OC1 OC0
32
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C.3 Counter 0/1/2/3 mode — BASE+00/04/08/0CH
Table C-2 PCI-1784 Register for counter 0/1/2/3 mode
15
31
14
30
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Base Addr.
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
Counter 0 Mode
SW DF
00H
04H
08H
0CH
W
W
W
W
DI3 DI2 DI1 DI0
DI3 DI2 DI1 DI0
DI3 DI2 DI1 DI0
DI3 DI2 DI1 DI0
TM
TM
TM
TM
IX
IX
IX
IX
UL
UL
UL
UL
OL
OL
OL
OL
RF
RF
RF
RF
M2
M2
M2
M2
M1
M1
M1
M1
M0
M0
M0
M0
Counter 1 Mode
SW DF
Counter 2 Mode
SW DF
Counter 3 Mode
SW DF
M2 ~ M0
Counter input mode control
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
Disable
Quadrature input x 1
Quadrature input x 2
Quadrature input x 4
2 pulse input
1 pulse input
N/A
N/A
RF
OL
Set counter reset value
0
1
80000000h
00000000h
Counter overflow lock control
0
Counter continues counting (wraps over) when
counter overflow
1
Counter locked when counter overflow
33
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UL
Counter underflow lock control
0
Counter continues counting (wraps over) when
counter underflow
1
Counter locked when counter underflow
DF
Digital Filter
0
1
Quadrature input frequency without digital filter
Quadrature input frequency with digital filter
SW
IX
Software latch counter data
0
1
Disable software latch
Enable software latch
Index latch counter data
0
1
Disable index latch
Enable index latch
TM
DI0
DI1
DI2
DI3
Timer latch counter data
0
1
Disable timer latch
Enable timer latch
DI0 latch counter data
0
1
Disable DI0 latch
Enable DI0 latch
DI1 latch counter data
0
1
Disable DI1 latch
Enable DI1 latch
DI2 latch counter data
0
1
Disable DI2 latch
Enable DI2 latch
DI3 latch counter data
0
1
Disable DI3 latch
Enable DI3 latch
34
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C.4 Counter 0/1/2/3 latch data — BASE+00/04/08/0CH
Table C-3 PCI-1784 Register for counter 0/1/2/3 latch data
15
31
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Base Addr.
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
Counter 0 Latch Data
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6
00H
04H
08H
0CH
R
R
R
R
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 1 Latch Data
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 2 Latch Data
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 3 Latch Data
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
D31 ~ D0
Counter latch data
35
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C.5 Counter 0/1/2/3 compare data — BASE+10/14/18/1CH
Table C-4 PCI-1784 Register for counter 0/1/2/3 compare data
15
31
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Base Addr.
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
Counter 0 Compare Data
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6
W
10H
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 0 Compare Data
R
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 1 Compare Data
W
14H
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 1 Compare Data
R
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 2 Compare Data
W
18H
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 2 Compare Data
R
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 3 Compare Data
W
1CH
R
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
Counter 3 Compare Data
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25 D24 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16
D31 ~ D0
Counter compare data
36
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C.6 Interrupt control register — BASE+20H
Table C-5 PCI-1784 Register for interrupt control
15
31
14
30
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Base Addr.
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
Interrupt control
20H
W
DI3 DI2 DI1 DI0 IX3
IE TM
IX2
IX1
IX0 UN3 UN2 UN1 UN0 OV3 OV2 OV1 OV0
UC3 UC2 UC1 UC0 OC3 OC2 OC1 OC0
OVn
Interrupt by overflow bit (n: 0 ~ 3)
0
1
Disable
Enable
UNn
IXn
DIn
OCn
UCn
TM
IE
Interrupt by underflow bit (n: 0 ~ 3)
0
1
Disable
Enable
Interrupt by index status bit (n: 0 ~ 3)
0
1
Disable
Enable
Interrupt by digital input bit (n: 0 ~ 3)
0
1
Disable
Enable
Interrupt by counter over compare bit (n: 0 ~ 3)
0
1
Disable
Enable
Interrupt by counter under compare bit (n: 0 ~ 3)
0
1
Disable
Enable
Interrupt by timer pulse bit
0
1
Disable
Enable
Overall interrupt enable bit
0
1
Disable
Enable
37
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C.7 Interrupt status register — BASE+20H
Table C-6 PCI-1784 Register for interrupt status
15
31
14
30
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Base Addr.
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
Interrupt status
20H
R
DI3 DI2 DI1 DI0 IX3
IF TM
IX2
IX1
IX0 UN3 UN2 UN1 UN0 OV3 OV2 OV1 OV0
UC3 UC2 UC1 UC0 OC3 OC2 OC1 OC0
OVn
Counter overflow interrupt flag (n: 0 ~ 3)
0
1
Disable
Enable
UNn
IXn
DIn
OCn
UCn
TM
IF
Counter underflow interrupt flag (n: 0 ~ 3)
0
1
Disable
Enable
Index input interrupt flag (n: 0 ~ 3)
0
1
Disable
Enable
Digital input interrupt flag (n: 0 ~ 3)
0
1
Disable
Enable
Counter over compare interrupt by flag (n: 0 ~ 3)
0
1
Disable
Enable
Counter under compare interrupt flag (n: 0 ~ 3)
0
1
Disable
Enable
Timer pulse interrupt flag
0
1
Disable
Enable
Overall interrupt enable flag
0
1
Disable
Enable
38
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C.8 Clear Interrupt — BASE+24H
Table C-7 PCI-1784 Register for clock control
15
31
14
30
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Base Addr.
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
Clock Control
24H
W
SC1 SC0
TB2 TB1 TB0 DV7 DV6 DV5 DV4 DV3 DV2 DV1 DV0
SC1 ~ SC0
Sampling clock select
00
01
10
11
8 MHz sampling clock
4 MHz sampling clock
2 MHz sampling clock
1 MHz sampling clock
DV7 ~ DV0
TB2 ~ TB0
Timer divider control
Timer time base select
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
50 KHz time base
5 KHz time base
500 Hz time base
50 Hz time base
5 Hz time base
N/A
N/A
N/A
39
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C.9 Clear Interrupt — BASE+24H
Read this register to clear the interrupt.
Table C-8 PCI-1784 Register for clear interrupt
15
31
14
30
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Base Addr.
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
Clear Interrupt
24H
R
40
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C.10 Software latch — BASE+28H
Table C-9 PCI-1784 Register for software latch
15
31
14
30
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Base Addr.
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
Software Latch
28H
W
SL3 SL2 SL1 SL0
SLn
Software latch command (n: 0 ~ 3)
0
1
N/A
Latch counter to latch register
41
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C.11 Board ID — BASE+28H
The PCI-1784 offers Board ID register BASE+28H. With correct Board ID
settings, user can easily identify and access each card during hardware
configuration and software programming.
Table C-10 PCI-1784 Board ID data
15
31
14
30
13
29
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Base Addr.
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
Board ID
28H
R
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
BD3 BD2 BD1 BD0
0
0
0
0
BD3 ~ DB0
Board ID
BD0
LSB of the Board ID
MSB of the Board ID
BD3
BD3 BD2 BD1 BD0 Board ID
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
42
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C.12 Reset counter — BASE+2CH
Table C-11 PCI-1784 Register for reset counter
15
31
14
30
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Base Addr.
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
Reset Counter
2CH
W
SR3 SR2 SR1 SR0
SRn
Reset counter command (n: 0 ~ 3)
0
1
N/A
Reset counter to default value
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C.13 Digital output — BASE+30H
Table C-12 PCI-1784 Register for digital output
15
31
14
30
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Base Addr.
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
Digital Output
30H
W
DO3 DO2 DO1 DO0
DM3 DM2 DM1 DM0 LE3 LE2 LE1 LE0 UC3 UC2 UC1 UC0 OC3 OC2 OC1 OC0
DO3 ~ DO0
OCn
Digital output data
Digital output by over compare register (n: 0 ~ 3)
Digital output by under compare register (n: 0 ~ 3)
Digital output level control (n: 0 ~ 3)
UCn
LEn
0
1
Pulse with counter clock
Level with clear interrupt
DMn
Digital output mode control (n: 0 ~ 3)
0
1
Normal
Indicated
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C.14 Digital input/output — BASE+30H
Table C-13 PCI-1784 Register for digital input/output
15
31
14
30
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Base Addr.
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
Digital Input/Output
DI3 DI2 DI1 DI0 DO3 DO2 DO1 DO0
DM3 DM2 DM1 DM0 LE3 LE2 LE1 LE0 UC3 UC2 UC1 UC0 OC3 OC2 OC1 OC0
30H
R
DO3 ~ DO0
DI3 ~ DI0
OCn
Digital output data
Digital input data
Digital output by over compare register (n: 0 ~ 3)
Digital output by under compare register (n: 0 ~ 3)
Digital output level control (n: 0 ~ 3)
UCn
LEn
0
1
Pulse with counter clock
Level with clear interrupt
DMn
Digital output mode control (n: 0 ~ 3)
0
1
Normal
Indicated
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Appendix D. Operation
D.1 Quadrature encoder introduction
In typical closed-loop control systems, also know as servo system, the
encoder interface senses motor position and sends a position signal to
the controller. The diagram below shows a typical servo system.
The encoder generates pulses which indicate the shaft position. The
encoder output includes two signals, commonly called channel A and
channel B, which generate N pulses revolution. The two signals are
shifted by a quarter of a cycle, as shown below. The shift between the
two signals enables the controller to determine the direction of rotation,
depending on whether channel A leads channel B or vice versa.
MICROCOMPUTER
BUS
QUADRATURE
SIGNAL
PHASE A
PHASE B
HOST
CPU
INDEX
PCI-1784
ENCODER
CARD
QUADRATURE
ENCODER
(MOTOR)
QUADRATURE
SIGNAL
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Single-ended vs. differential input
Most encoders produce square wave signals with TTL levels. Industrial
systems often use encoder with differential signals, i.e. channel A and
B and their complements. Differential signals can reduce sensitivity to
noise and allow longer transmission distances. Encoders may also
produce a third signal once per revolution know as the index or marker.
The encoder interface can use the index signal to reset the counter,
allowing you to monitor the position within the current revolution.
D.2 Counter modes
The following table shows the maximum input rate for each input
mode and system clock rate. Values are given for each system clock
frequency.
Mode
Maximum input rate
4MHz 2MHz
1 MHz 500 KHz 250 KHz
8MHz
Quadrature x1, x2, x4 2 MHz
1MHz
2-pulse
8 MHz
8 MHz
4 MHz 2 MHz
4 MHz 2 MHz
1 MHz
1 MHz
Pulse/direction
Counter modes are as follows:
Quadrature input counter mode
Quadrature input consists of two square wave inputs (A and B)which
are 90° out of phase. The PCI-1784 counts square wave transitions and
determines the direction by comparing whether channel A is leading
channel B or vice versa.
There are three different counting methods in quadrature input mode:
x1
x2
x4
The counter will increment (or decrement) the counter whenever
a rising edge occurs on input channel A.
The counter will increment (or decrement) whenever a rising or
falling edge occurs on input channel A.
The counter will increment (or decrement) whenever a rising or
falling edge occurs on input channel A or B.
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2-pulse mode
In 2-pulse mode the PCI-1784 uses two input pulses as counting
sources: one for clockwise (CW) and one for counterclockwise (CCW)
counting. The counter will increment whenever a rising edge occurs on
channel A. It will decrement whenever a rising edge occurs on channel
B.
pulse/direction mode
In pulse/direction mode the PCI-1784 uses one input line (A) for pulse
input and one line (B) for direction. If channel B is high (1), the
counter will decrement whenever a rising edge occurs in channel A. If
channel B is low (0), the counter will increment whenever a rising
edge occurs on channel A.
Disabled mode
PCI-1784 will not accept input, but you can access all its registers.
You select the mode by programming the card's registers: BASE+00H
for CH0, BASE+04H for CH1, BASE+08H for CH2 and BASE+0CH
for CH3. See Appendix C for more information.
D.3 Digital noise filter
Noise immunity is the most important requirement for reliable encoder
interface operation. The PCI-1784 conditions the input signal with a
four stage digital filter. This filter reduces glitches (digital noise) or
spikes by sampling by sampling the input at 1, 2, 4 or 8MHz. The filter
output waveforms change only when an input has the same value for
four consecutive sampling edges. The filter thus rejects noise or pulses
shorter than four sampling clock periods. You can optimize noise
immunity by selecting the lowest sampling frequency that compatible
with the highest input rate you expect.
The PCI-1784 accepts up to 2 MHz quadrature frequency at 8 MHz
filter sampling speed. At 2 MHz sampling speed it can still accept up
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to 500 KHz quadrature input frequency.
A 3600 rpm motor with 2000 ppr encoder will nave a maximum
quadrature frequency of 3600×2000÷60＝120 KHz. In the above
example the 2 MHz sampling clock will have the noise immunity and
will meet the required input frequency.
The following table shows the maximum noise pulse width that the
filter will reject for each system clock frequency:
Clock frequency Maximum width
8 MHz
4 MHz
2 MHz
1 MHz
0.5 usec.
1 usec.
2 usec.
4 usec.
D.4 Latch mode
When you read a counter, you are actually reading a value latched into
a buffer. The PCI-1784 provides seven different latching modes, only
one of which is active at any given time. Make sure that you know
which latching mode is current whenever you read the counter.
Otherwise, you may read an old value or one that was latched at a
different time than you expect. You select the latching mode for each
channel individually.
The PCI-1784's latching modes are as follows:
S/W latch
Whenever you read a channel's data registers, the counter values will
be latched in buffer. Please refer to page 41 (BASE+28H) for detail
information.
Index latch
A rising edge on the channel's index input line will latch the channel's
counter value.
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DI0 latch
A rising edge on the board's DI0 line will latch the counter value for
the channel.
DI1 latch
A rising edge on the DI1 line will latch the counter value for the
channel.
DI2 latch
A rising edge on the board's DI2 line will latch the counter value for
the channel.
DI3 latch
A rising edge on the DI3 line will latch the counter value for the
channel.
Timer latch
The card latches the counter value on a rising edge of pulses from the
card's on-board timer.
D.5 Counter reset value
Bit 4 (RF) of registers BASE+00H, 04H, 08H and 0CH control the
initial (reset) value of for each counter. You can select either 00000000
or 80000000 (hex). When the counter is reset, it will take this value.
When RF＝0, the counter will reset to 80000000h.
When RF＝1, the counter will reset to 00000000h.
D.6 Timer function
The card can generate an interrupt to the system based on a signal from
its digital inputs, overflow/underflow and over-compare / under-
compare of its counters, or on a programmed time interval. It can
repeatedly generate interrupts at any time interval you specify, from 20
microseconds to 51 second. These interrupts let you precisely monitor
the speed of a control system.
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D.7 Interrupt function
The PCI-1784 can generate an interrupt to the PC for any of the
following conditions:
1. Counter 0 overflow
2. Counter 1 overflow
3. Counter 2 overflow
4. Counter 3 overflow
5. Counter 0 underflow
6. Counter 1 underflow
7. Counter 2 underflow
8. Counter 3 underflow
9. Counter 0 index in
10. Counter 1 index in
11. Counter 2 index in
12. Counter 3 index in
13. DI0 input
14. DI1 input
15. DI2 input
16. DI3 input
17. Counter 0 over-compare
18. Counter 1 over-compare
19. Counter 2 over-compare
20. Counter 3 over-compare
21. Counter 0 under-compare
22. Counter 1 under-compare
23. Counter 2 under-compare
24. Counter 3 under-compare
25. Timer pulse
Note that you can use only one of the card's interrupt sources at a given
time, unless you specially program your interrupt service routine to
handle multiple interrupt sources.
You enable the PCI-1784 interrupt functions by accessed through the
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registers at BASE+20H. You will need to set the chip's interrupt mask
register to exclude all but one of the interrupt lines.
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