SFI or SEFI:
Sequential Fuel Injection or Sequential Electronic Fuel Injection. A fuel injection system
that uses one or more injectors for each cylinder. The injectors are mounted in the
intake manifold and are fired individually.
ST:
Short Term fuel trim.
TBI:
Throttle Body Injection. A fuel injection system having one or more injectors mounted in a
centrally located throttle body, as opposed to positioning the injectors close to an intake
valve port. TBI is also called Central Fuel Injection (CFI) in some vehicles.
TDC:
Top Dead Center. When a piston is at its uppermost position in the cylinder.
Throttle Body:
A device which performs the same function as a carburetor in a fuel injection system. On a
throttle body injection (TBI) system, the throttle body is both the air door and the location of
the fuel injectors. On port fuel injection systems (PFI, MPFI, SFI, etc.), the throttle body is
simply an air door. Fuel is not added until the injectors at each intake port are activated. In
each case, the throttle body is attached to the accelerator pedal.
TPS:
Throttle Position Sensor. Potentiometer-type sensor connected to the throttle shaft. Its voltage
signal output increases as the throttle is opened. The PCM uses this signal to control many
systems such as idle speed, spark advance, fuel delivery, etc.
TTS:
Transmission Temperature Sensor. A resistance sensor mounted in the transmission
housing in contact with the transmission fluid. It sends a voltage signal to the PCM indicating
the temperature of the transmission.
VECI:
Vehicle Emission Control Information. Adecal located in the engine compartment containing
information about the emission control systems found on the vehicle. The VECI is the
authoritative source for determining whether a vehicle is OBD II-compliant.
VIN:
Vehicle Identification Number. This is the factory-assigned vehicle serial number. This
number is stamped on a number of locations throughout the vehicle, but the most prominent
location is on top of the dashboard on the driver’s side, visible from outside the car. The VIN
includes information about the car, including where it was built, body and engine codes,
options, and a sequential build number.
VSS:
Vehicle Speed Sensor. Sends a frequency signal to the PCM. The frequency increases as
the vehicle moves faster to give the PCM vehicle speed information used to determine shift
points, engine load, and cruise control functions.
WOT:
Wide-Open Throttle. The vehicle operating condition brought about when the throttle is
completely (or nearly) open. The PCM will typically deliver extra fuel to the engine and de-
energize the A/C compressor at this time for acceleration purposes. The PCM uses a
switch or the Throttle Position Sensor to identify the WOT condition.
9620 Global
ACTRON MANUFACTURING CO.
15825 Industrial Parkway
OBD II Scan Tool
©2002 Actron Manufacturing Co.
Printed in USA
0002-002-2361
Cleveland, Ohio 44135-9946
USA
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ESC:
Vehicle Service Information
The following is a list of publishers who have manuals containing electronic engine
control diagnostic information. Some manuals may be available at auto part stores
or local public libraries. For others, write for availability and pricing, specifying the
make, model and year of vehicle.
Electronic Spark Control. An ignition system function that warns the PCM when “knock” is
detected. The PCM will then retard spark timing to eliminate the knocking condition.
EST:
Electronic Spark Timing. An ignition system that allows the PCM to control spark advance
timing. The PCM determines optimum spark timing from sensor information — engine speed,
throttle position, coolant temperature, engine load, vehicle speed, Park/Neutral switch
position, and knock sensor condition.
EVAP:
Service Manuals:
Manufacturer Service Manuals:
Evaporative Emissions System.
Freeze Frame:
Chilton Book Company
Chilton Way
Radnor, PA19089
General Motors:
A block of memory containing the vehicle operating conditions for a specific time.
Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GEO,
GMC, Oldsmobile, & Pontiac
Helm Incorporated
Post Office Box 07130
Detroit, MI 48207
Ground (GND):
An electrical conductor used as a common return for an electric circuit(s) and with a relative
zero potential (voltage).
Haynes Publications
861 Lawrence Drive
Newbury Park, CA 91320
Hall Effect Sensor:
Any of a type of sensor utilizing a permanent magnet and a transistorized Hall Effect switch.
Hall Effect type sensors may be used to measure speed and position of the crankshaft or
camshaft — for spark timing and fuel injector control.
Saturn
Cordura Publications
Mitchell Manuals, Inc.
Post Office Box 26260
San Diego, CA 92126
Adistra Corporation
c/o Saturn Publications
101 Union St.
Post Office Box 1000
Plymouth, MI 48170
HO2S:
Heated Oxygen Sensor. See O2S.
IAC:
Idle Air Control. A device mounted on the throttle body which adjusts the amount of air
bypassing a closed throttle so that the PCM can control idle speed.
Motor’s Auto Repair Manual
Hearst Company
250 W 55th Street
ICM:
Ford Motor Company:
Ford, Lincoln, & Mercury
Ford Publication Department
Helm Incorporated
Post Office Box 07150
Detroit, MI 48207
Ignition Control Module.
I/M:
New York, NY 10019
Inspection and Maintenance. An emission control program.
ISC:
Idle Speed Control. A small electric motor mounted on the throttle body and controlled by
the PCM. The PCM can control idle speed by commanding the ISC to adjust its position.
ISO:
International Organization of Standardization.
Knock:
Uncontrolled ignition of the air/fuel mixture in the cylinder.Also referred to as detonation or
ping. Knock indicates extreme cylinder pressures or “hotspots” which are causing the air/
fuel mixture to detonate prematurely.
Chrysler Corporation:
Chrysler, Plymouth, & Dodge
Chrysler Motors Service Training
26001 Lawrence Avenue
Center Line, MI 48015
Knock Sensor (KS):
Used to detect engine detonation or “knock.” The sensor contains a piezoelectric element
and is threaded into the engine block. Special construction makes the element sensitive
only to engine vibrations associated with detonation.
KOEO:
Key On — Engine Off.
Suitable manuals have titles, such as:
• “Electronic Engine Controls”
KOER:
• “Fuel Injection and Feedback Carburetors”
• “Fuel Injection and Electronic Engine Controls”
• “Emissions Control Manual”
Key On — Engine Running.
LCD:
Liquid Crystal Display.
LT:
. . . or similar titles
Long Term fuel trim.
34
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Closed Loop (CL):
Safety Precautions
A feedback system that uses the O2 Sensor(s) to monitor the results of combustion.
Based on the signal(s) from the O2 sensor(s), the PCM modifies the air/fuel mixture to
maintain optimum performance with lowest emissions. In closed loop mode, the PCM
can “fine tune” control of a system to achieve an exact result.
General Safety Guidelines to Follow When Working on Vehicles
To prevent accidents that could result in serious injury and/or damage
to vehicle or test equipment, carefully follow these safety rules and
test procedures at all times when working on vehicles:
CO:
Carbon Monoxide
Continuous Memory Codes:
See Pending Codes.
• Always wear approved eye protection.
• Always operate the vehicle in a well-ventilated area. Do not inhale exhaust
gases — they are very poisonous!
CPS:
Crankshaft Position Sensor. Sends a frequency signal to the PCM. It is used to reference
fuel injector operation and synchronize spark plug firing on distributorless ignition
systems (DIS).
• Always keep yourself, tools and test equipment away from all moving or hot
engine parts.
CTS:
• Always make sure the vehicle is in Park (Automatic transmission) or neutral
(manual transmission) and that the parking brake is firmly set. Block the
drive wheels.
Coolant Temperature Sensor. A resistance sensor that sends a voltage signal to the
PCM indicating the temperature of the coolant. This signal tells the PCM whether the
engine is “cold” or “warm”.
• Never lay tools on vehicle battery. You may short the terminals together
causing harm to yourself, the tools or the battery.
Data Link Connector (DLC):
Connector providing access and/or control of the vehicle information, operating
conditions, and diagnostic information. Vehicles with OBD II use a 16-pin connector
located in the passenger compartment.
• Never use scan tool if its internal circuitry has been exposed to any liquids.
• Never smoke or have open flames near vehicle. Vapors from gasoline and/or
charging battery are highly flammable and explosive.
Data Stream:
The actual data communications sent from the vehicle’s PCM to the data connector.
• Never leave vehicle unattended while running tests.
DEPS:
• Always keep a fire extinguisher suitable for gasoline/electrical/chemical fires
handy.
Digital Engine Position Sensor.
Detonation:
See Knock.
• Always use extreme caution when working around the ignition coil, distributor
cap, ignition wires, and spark plugs. These components contain high voltage
when the engine is running.
DTC:
Diagnostic Trouble Code. An alphanumeric identifier for a fault condition identified by
the On Board Diagnostic System.
• When performing a road test, never operate the scan tool alone while driving
the vehicle. Always have one person drive the vehicle while an assistant
operates the tester.
DI/DIS:
Direct Ignition/Distributorless Ignition System. A system that produces the ignition spark
without the use of a distributor.
• Always turn ignition key OFF when connecting or disconnecting electrical
components, unless otherwise instructed.
Duty Cycle:
A term applied to signals that switch between “on” and “off”. Duty cycle is the percentage of
time the signal is “on”. For example, if the signal is “on” only one fourth of the time, then the
duty cycle is 25%. The PCM uses duty cycle type signals to maintain precise control of an
actuator.
• Always follow vehicle manufacturer’s warnings, cautions and service proce-
dures.
ECT:
WARNING!
Engine Coolant Temperature sensor. See CTS.
Some vehicles are equipped with safety air bags. You must follow
vehicle service manual cautions when working around the air bag
componentsorwiring.Ifthecautionsarenotfollowed,theairbagmay
open up unexpectedly, resulting in personal injury. Note that the air
bag can still open up several minutes after the ignition key is off (or
even if the vehicle battery is disconnected) because of a special
energy reserve module.
EFI:
Electronic Fuel Injection. Any system where a computer controls fuel delivery to the engine
by using fuel injectors.
EGR:
Exhaust Gas Recirculation. The PCM uses the EGR system to recirculate exhaust gases
back into the intake manifold to reduce emissions. EGR Recirculation is used only during
warm engine cruise conditions. EGR flow at other times can cause stalling or no starts.
EPA:
Environmental ProtectionAgency.
4
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Appendix B:Glossary & Definitions
Section 1: Vehicle Computer Systems
A/C:
1.1 Introduction
Air Conditioning.
This section describes the engine computer control system, types of sensors and how
the computer controls engine fuel delivery, idle speed and timing. Additional information
may be found in the technical support books at your local library or auto parts store. The
more known about the computer system, the easier the problem can be diagnosed.
A/F:
Air/Fuel ratio. The proportion of air and fuel delivered to the cylinder for combustion. For
example, an A/F ratio of 14:1 denotes 14 times as much air as fuel in the mixture. A
typical ideal A/F ratio is 14.7:1.
Computer controls were originally installed on vehicles to meet federal government
regulations for lower emission levels and improved fuel economy. This began in the early
1980’s when basic mechanical systems were no longer able to accurately control key
engine parameters. A computer could be programmed to control the engine under various
operating conditions, making the engine more reliable. While these early systems were
very limited in scope of their diagnostics, providing only 10-14 trouble codes, they did help
guide the vehicle repair process.
AC Clutch Relay:
The PCM uses this relay to energize the A/C clutch, turning the A/C system on or off.
AC Pressure Sensor:
Measures air conditioning refrigerant pressure and sends a voltage signal to the
PCM.
AC Pressure Switch:
In 1994, manufacturers began equipping vehicles with a new class of computer technology
which puts more processing power under dash than ever before. It is called On-Board
Diagnostics version II, or OBD II. It is required on all vehicles sold in the US beginning
January 1, 1996 (though most domestic manufacturers introduced it earlier than required),
and offers increased system monitoring and diagnostic information. This new system stores
a library of more than 650 general trouble codes and another approximately 400
manufacturer-specific codes, all of which can be accessed with the scan tool. These codes
cover Body Systems (B-Codes), Chassis Systems (C-Codes), Communications Codes
(U-Codes), and Powertrain Systems (P-Codes). Now, basic terms are standardized and
all generic codes will share a common format and terminology that manufacturers and the
Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) designed.
A mechanical switch connected to the A/C refrigerant line. The switch is activated
(sending a signal to the PCM) when the A/C refrigerant pressure becomes too low.
Actuator:
Actuators such as relays, solenoids, and motors allow the PCM to control the operation
of vehicle systems.
Air Injection Reaction (AIR) System:
An emission control system operated by the PCM. During cold starts, an air pump
injects outside air into the exhaust manifold to help burn hot exhaust gases. This
reduces pollution and speeds warm-up of oxygen sensors and catalytic converters.
After the engine is warm, the air will either be “dumped” back to the atmosphere (or into
the air cleaner assembly) or sent to the catalytic converter.
The OBD II Professional Scan Tool performs OBD II functions on ALL makes of OBD II
compliant vehicles from 1994 and up.
Bank 1:
1.1.1 What The Computer Controls
The main control areas of the vehicle computer are fuel delivery, idle speed, spark advance,
and emissions controls. Some on-board computers may also control the transmission,
brakes, and suspension systems as well.
The standard way of referring to the bank of cylinders containing cylinder #1. In-line
engines have only one bank of cylinders. Most commonly used to identify the location of
oxygen sensors. See O2S, Sensor 1, Sensor 2.
Bank 2:
The standard way of referring to the bank of cylinders opposite cylinder #1. Found on V-
6, V-8, V-10, etc. and horizontally opposed engines. Most commonly used to identify the
location of oxygen sensors. See O2S, Sensor 1,Sensor 2.
1.1.2 What Has Not Changed
Acomputer-controlled engine is very similar to the older, non-computerized engine. It is still
an internal combustion engine with pistons, spark plugs, valves, and camshaft(s). The ignition,
charging, starting, and exhaust systems are very similar as well. Test and repair of these
systems are the same as before. The technical manuals for these components provide
instruction on how to perform the tests. Additionally, compression gauges, vacuum pumps,
engine analyzers, and timing lights will continue to be used.
BARO:
Barometric Pressure Sensor. See MAP Sensor.
Boost Control Solenoid:
A solenoid that is energized by the PCM, in order to control supercharger boost pressure.
Brake Switch Signal:
1.1.3 Computer Control System
An input signal to the PCM indicating that the brake pedal is being pressed. This signal
is typically used to disengage Cruise Control systems and Torque Converter Clutch
(TCC) solenoids. See also TCC.
The vehicle on-board computer, or Powertrain Control Module (PCM), is the “heart” of the
system. It is sealed in a metal box and connected to the rest of the engine by a wiring
harness. The PCM is commonly located in the passenger compartment, behind the
dashboard (kick panel position), although some manufacturers locate the PCM in the
engine compartment. The PCM is programmed by the factory. The program is a complex
list of lookup tables and instructions telling the computer how to control the engine based
on various driving conditions. It does this using sensors to monitor what is happening and
then provide feedback through a network of switches and actuators throughout the vehicle.
CAM:
Camshaft Position Sensor. Sends a frequency signal to the PCM in order to synchronize
fuel injector and spark plug firing.
CARB:
California Air Resources Board. Governing body for emissions control in California.
CKP REF:
Crankshaft Position Reference.
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REL TPS (0 - 100%)
Relative Throttle Position is relative throttle position at normal position.
1.2 Data Link Connector and Location
The tester communicates with the vehicle PCM via a data
link connector (DLC) – also referred to as a J1962
connector. The term J1962 is taken from physical and
electrical specification number assigned by SAE (Society of
Automotive Engineers).Astandardized DLC means all compliant
vehicles will use the same DLC with the generic link information available on the same
pins regardless of vehicle make or model. In addition to the connector definitions, is a
guideline on where the connector is to be located in the vehicle. This guideline states
that the DLC should be located under the dashboard on the driver side of the vehicle.
However, not all OBD II DLCs are located under the dash on the driver side. If required,
refer to vehicle service documentation for the DLC location.
SECONDAIR (AIR_STAT: UPS, DNS or OFF)
Commanded Secondary Air Status is on newer vehicles and actuators to control pollu-
tion control.
UPS - UP STREAM module is demanding that secondary air be added at exhaust
manifolds
DNS- DOWN STREAM module is demanding secondary air be added at catalytic
converter
OFF - Module is demanding no secondary air to be added.
ST FTRMxy (-100 - 99.22%)
Short-term Fuel Trim Bank calculated value represents the short-term relation of fuel
metering on a fuel-injected engine.
NOTE: Short-term Fuel Trim calculated value that has a positive percentage is a rich fuel
trim and if a negative percentage is present the fuel trim is lean.
ST FLTRMx (-100 - 99.2%)
Short-term Fuel Trim value represents the short-term relation of fuel metering on a fuel-
injected engine.
NOTE: Short-termFuelTrim valuewithapositivepercentageisarichfueltrimandifanegative
percentage is present the fuel trim is lean.
THR POS (0 - 100%)
Absolute Throttle Position is the position the throttle is located. The more the throttle is
closed the less percent shown.
THROT CMD (0 - 100%)
DLC Location
Commanded Throttle Actuator Control is the position of the throttle. If throttle is closed the
percent will be 0 and if wide open 100%.
1.3 OBD II Scan Tool Hookup
The OBD II cable attached to the scan tool fits the OBD II DLC. Because the OBD II J1962
connector contains dedicated pins for power and ground, only a single cable connection is
required for both scan tool power and PCM communication.
TRIPS SNC CLR (0 - 255)
Number of warm-ups since diagnostic trouble codes cleared.Warm-up is when temperature
ofcoolantrisestoatleast22°C(40°F)fromenginestartingandreachingaminimumtempera-
ture of 70°C (160°F). If a diesel engine the engine minimum temperature is 60°C (140°F.)
NOTE: If there is more than 255 that the engine warms up the TRIPS SNC CLR will remain
Connect the scan tool to the DLC. This connection will provide power for the scan tool.
The DLC maintains power even when the ignition is turned off. Therefore, connection to
the battery is not required.
at 255.
TROUB CODE (00 00 - FF FF)
Trouble Code Parameter will give the diagnostic trouble code that caused a freeze
frame capture. This information is helpful in diagnosing the cause of a driveability. If no
freeze frame data has been captured this PID will be zero.
When the scan tool powers up, a series of screens are displayed. The screens start with
a “Welcome” screen and end with a “Key Button Help” screen.
VEH SPEED (0 - 255K/h) or (0 - 158mph)
Vehicle Speed shows the speed the vehicle is going.
WelcomeTo
TheGlobalOBDII
SCANTOOL
PressHELPForKey |
ButtonInformation
VPWR (0 - 65.535V)
Control Module Voltage is the power input to the control module.
PressENTERToCont
NOTE: 42-volt vehicles may utilise multiple voltages for different systems on the vehicle.
The screens between the “Welcome” screen and the “Key Button Help” screen are for
tool self-tests and software ID. Refer to this software ID when contacting the Actron
technical support line with a problem. To review the key button definitions, push the
(HELP) key; otherwise, press ENTER to continue.
VPWR may be significantly different than battery voltage.
The scan tool requires a minimum of 8 volts to power up. If a problem occurs with power-
up, review Section 4: Help and Troubleshooting Tips.
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IAT TEMP (-40 - 215°C) or (-40 - 419°F)
Intake Air Temperature is a measure of intake air temperature to determine correct air/
fuel ratios and spark timing operations.
1.3.1 Keyboard
The scan tool software was designed for easy to operate approach in navigating through
operational menus. Simply follow instructions that match keyboard symbols.
IGN ADV (-64 - 63.5°)
Keyboard Functions
The scan tool uses 8 keys to navigate through the software-user interface:
Ignition Timing Advance for cylinder is a signal of how much spark advance to add to
base engine timing (expressed in crankshaft degrees).
•
•
ENTER – Used to select or answer a software request.
LT FL FTRM (-100 - 99.22%)
Long Term Fuel Trim Bank is the fuel mixture adjustment in a range with midpoint being 0.
HELP – Used to request help when the (|) symbol is displayed in the lower right hand
corner of the display.
NOTE: Positive reading indicates module commanded a long-term rich mixture correction
in response to a lean operating condition. A negative reading indicates module has
commanded a long-term lean mixture in response to a rich operating condition.
•
•
BACK – Used to move one screen back in scan tool flow.
ARROWS
MAF (0 - 655.35 g/s) or (0 - 86.5lb/min)
Mass Air Flow is the air flow rate the sensor sends to the computer module indicating
mass of air entering engine.
– UP/DOWN – Used to move the solid cursor (`) in the direction of the arrow or scroll
the data list in the direction you want to move the list.
– LEFT/RIGHT – Used to select and deselect items in custom lists. This key is also
MAP (0 - 255kPa) or (Hg)
used to answer questions by selecting yes or no.
Intake Manifold Absolute Pressure displays manifold pressure.
•
ON/OFF – Used to turn scan tool ON and OFF when not powered by vehicle. Momen-
MIL DIST (0 - 65535km) or (0 - 40,722miles)
Distance Traveled while Malfunction Indicator Lamp is Active is a counter that displays
distance traveled since “Check Engine or Service Engine Soon” light came on.
tarily press and release button when turning ON to allow boot process.
1.3.2 Display
The scan tool has a 4 line x 20 character backlit
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) for easy viewing. The
backlighting is disabled when the scan tool is
powered by its internal batteries. This gives the
user a large viewing area to display most Help
and Instructional messages. It puts more
information on the display instead of having to refer to printed materials. Again the display will
support a number of helpful characters that will prompt the user through test routines. These
characters are shown below:
MIL STAT (ON or OFF)
MonitorStatusDataTroubleCode statethatmoduleiscommandingtheMalfunctionIndicator
Lamp (MIL) to be ON if problem exists.
OBDIIFunctionList |
3)EraseCodes
4)ViewData
]
[
MIL TIME (0 - 65535min) or (0 - 1092.25Hrs)
The distance traveled since the MIL (Check Engine or Service Engine Soon light) came on.
`5)ViewFreezeData
O2Sxy (0 - 1.275V)
Oxygen Sensor Output Voltage is the voltage generated from the oxygen sensor to
increase and decrease the amount of exhaust gas.
|
Question Mark in lower right corner means there is help available for this screen or
O2Sxy (-128 - 127.996mA)
Oxygen Sensor Output Current is used for linear or wide ratio oxygen sensors to increase
and decrease the amount of exhaust gas
current selectable item.
`
[
]
«
Pointer (cursor) is used to indicate current selectable choice.
Down Arrow indicates there is additional information on the next screen.
Up Arrow indicates there is additional information on previous screen.
Diamond to the left of item indicates it is selected.
OBD2 STAT (CA, OBDI, US, NONE, EU and/or JA)
On Board Diagnostic shows what vehicle was made for.
Data Parameters:
CA - Indicates test vehicle meets California on board diagnostic ARB requirements
OBD I - Indicates test vehicle does not meet OBDII requirements.
US - Indicates test vehicle meets Federal EPA requirements.
NONE - Indicates test vehicle is not on board diagnostic compliant.
EU - Indicates test vehicle meets European on board diagnostic requirement.
The screen at the right shows how some of these symbols will look on your display.
1.3.3 Lists, Menus, and Questions
The scan tool is designed to be as intuitive as possible. Its functions and controls are easy to
understand and use. All menu and screen lists operate the same way. Use the UP/DOWN
arrow keys to move the cursor to a selection. The ENTER key selects that function or item. The
screen examples below show a few selections available on the OBDII Function List.
JA - Indicates test vehicle meets Japanese on board diagnostic requirment.Outside Air
Temperature gives temperature outside.
For example: to read vehicles DTCs, move cursor to Read Codes and press ENTER.
NOTE: The Data Parameters can be used with each other for example CA/US
To make a different choice, use the DOWN arrow key to move the cursor down to View Data
and press ENTER. This will select the View Data function.
OUTSID AIR (-40 - 215°C) or (-40 - 419°F)
Outside Air Temperature gives temperature outside.
Sometimes, a list will be longer than three or four items, and will not fit on a single screen. In
this case, the DOWN arrow symbol ([) is visible in the last column of the display, indicating
that there are more choices on the next screen, as shown below on the left. Use the DOWN
arrow key to move the cursor down the list.
PTO STATUS (OFF or ON)
Power Take Off Status allows module to keep track of Power at Take-Off.
REL FRP (0 - 5177.27kPa) or (750.9PSI)
Relative Fuel Rail Pressure (Vacuum) is the fuel rail pressure at engine.
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CLR DST (0km-65,535km) or (0- 40,722miles)
Distance Since Cleared Diagnostic Codes is distance since diagnostic trouble codes
were erased.
At the bottom of the list, there is now only an UP arrow symbol (]) visible in the last
column indicating the last function in the list has been reached. To return to previous
screens, press the UP arrow key. The UP/DOWN arrow keys work the same way when
scrolling through text such as the Help screen.
CLR TIM (0 - 65535 min or 1092.25 hours)
Time Since Cleared Diagnostic Code is time since diagnostic trouble codes were erased.
The Scan Tool may ask a question which requires a response from user. These will
always be YES or NO questions, and are answered with cursor and Arrow keys.
CMD EQ RATxy (0 - 1.99)
Commanded Equivalence Ratio is the ratio of the air/fuel mixture.
OBDIIFunctionList |
`1)I/MReadiness
OBDIIFunctionList |
4)ViewData
5)ViewFreezeData [
`6)RecordData
NOTE: The CMD EQ RAT will read 1.0 while in a closed loop of fuel
]
COOLANT (-40 - 215°C)or(°F)
Engine Coolant Temperature displays engine coolant temperaturefrom engine coolant
temperature or cylinder head temperature sensor.
2)ReadCodes
[
3)PendingCodes
In these screens, brackets < > will automatically appear next to default response. To
accept default choice, simply press ENTER. Use LEFT/RIGHT arrow key to move brackets
to other response and press ENTER.
NOTE: The coolant on many diesels may use Engine Oil Temperature instead.
EGR CMD (0 - 100%)
Commanded Exhaust Gas Recirculation is the percentage of exhaust gas being recir-
culated.
1.4 Tool Setup
EGR ERR (-100 - 99.22%)
Exhaust Gas Recirculation Error will show the error from changing from one condition to
another.
Only functions of the Main Menu that pertain to getting started with scan tool are discussed
in the following paragraphs. For all other menu selections available, refer to Section 4:
Help and Troubleshooting Tips.
ViewInstructions
ForCreatingCustom
ENG RUN (0 - 65,535sec.)
Time since Engine Strart is the time the engine is running.
Tool Setup is used to change the scan tool default
unit settings. To change the scan tool settings,
select Tool Setup from the MAIN MENU and
press the ENTER key.
DataList?
NOTE: ENG RUN stops when engine stalls or engine is turned off for any reason.
Yes
<No>
ENGINE (0 - 16383.75 RPM)
Engine Revolutions Per Minute (RPM) is the speed engine is running.
NOTE:
Settings chosen will remain until 9 volt battery is dead.
EQ RATxy
O2 Sensor Equivalence Ratio for Bank x Sensor y.
1.4.1 Changing Measurement Units
EVAP REQ (0-100%)
After selecting Tool Setup option, tool setup menu appears. To choose English or Metric
measurement units, use UP/DOWN arrows to make selection and press ENTER. The
display will look like the following screen:
Commanded Evaporative Purge is the position evaporative purge control valve is open
in percentage.
EVAP VP (-8192PA - 8191PA) OR (-32.8878 - 32.8838 H2O)
Evaporative Emissions System Vapor Pressure is pressure in the fuel tank
SetupToolFor
MeasurementUnits
`English(Default)
Metric
`1)English/Metric
2)DisplayContrast [
3)ToolInformation
FUEL LVL (0 - 100%)
Fuel Level Input is the percentage of fuel with 0% equaling tank is full and 100% when tank
is empty.
FUEL PRES (0 - 765kPa) or (0 - 110psi)
Fuel Rail Pressure is the fuel pressure at the engine in respect to atmospheric pres-
1.4.2 Changing Display Contrast
From the Tool Setup menu, select Display Contrast and press ENTER. Use the UP/
DOWN arrow keys as indicated on the screen:
sure.
FUEL SYS (OPEN or CLSD)
Fuel System Status show loop status of fuel system banks.
OPEN: Computer module is operating in Open Loop control strategy. The vehicle has
not yet satisfied conditions for the computer module to go to closed loop.
CLSD: Computer module currently functioning in Closed loop control strategy, using
O2 sensor(s) as feedback for fuel control.
SetupToolFor
]IncreaseContrast
[DecreaseContrast
1)English/Metric
`2)DisplayContrast
3)ToolInformation
OPEN1: Open Loop control strategy is being used by the PCM due to driving conditions
PressENTERToSave
– power enrichment and deceleration enrichment.
OPEN2: Computer module is operating in Open Loop control strategy due to detected
system fault. Certain actuator or sensor faults are usually the cause.
CLSD1: Closed Loop control is current storage being used by PCM, but a fault with at
least one O2 sensor has been detected. The control system may be using
single O2 for fuel control calculations.
8
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1.4.3 Displaying Tool Information
From Tool Setup menu, select Tool Information and press ENTER. Use UP/DOWN
arrow keys to view information. Record information in case the need to contact customer
service arises.
Appendix A: Global OBD II PID List &
Definitions
All parameter identification data (PID) listed was verified on actual vehicles to guarantee
accuracy. Definitions used to describe all PIDs were obtained from reliable sources and
are accurate at time of printing. It is possible that some newer vehicles may contain different
data different from that listed. In these cases, refer to an applicable vehicle service manual.
SetupToolFor
ToolInformation:
`SerialNo: 1360447]
1)English/Metric
2)DisplayContrast
`3)ToolInformation
Data Parameter List Format
SWID:
HWVer:
86E3H[
1
The PID list is organized in alphabetical order — the same way the scan tool does. For each
PID, the type of reading are provided. Remember to always refer to a vehicle service manual
for detailed diagnostic procedures for troubleshooting incorrect PID readings.
1.4.4 Program Mode
Used to update scan tool’s software. Instructions will be provided with updates.
Types of Data Parameters
INPUT: These data parameters are obtained from sensor outputs. Sensor outputs
areinputs tovehicle’scomputermodule(s). Forexample, ifanOxygenSen-
sorwasgeneratinga400mVsignal,thenthescantooldisplaysO2S(v)0.40.
1.5 Personal Computer (PC) and Printer Interface
Scan tool is equipped with a standard 9 pin serial interface. Use connection to attach
tool to a PC or compatible printer.
OUTPUT: These data parameters are outputs or commands that come directly from
computermodule(s). Forexample;theignitionsparkadvanceiscontrolled
by PCM, on most vehicles, monitoring this PID shows spark output from
PCM. The scan tool would display IGN ADV(°) 10.
• Personal Computer –
Use serial adapter to connect to a PC when updating to current available software.
Software updates may be purchased from Actron by calling the toll free number
CALCULATED: Thesedataparametersare calculatedafteranalyzingvariousinputstothe
vehicle’s computer module(s). For example, the engine load. The PCM
calculates this from sensor inputs and displays it in a percentage.
Refer to Section 2.4.13 Print Data for default serial port settings and to make
PCMVALUE: Isinformationthatisstoredinthecomputermodule(s) memory anddeter-
mined to be useful to service technician. An example of this is TROUBLE
CODE value, the DTC that caused a freeze frame capture.
changes to settings.
• Printer Connection –
Connect a compatible printer cable to the scan tool and Printer using specifications
below:
NOTE: Several different causes can have the same parameter indication. For information on
diagnostics consult vehicle service manuals.
- If the printer connector is a 25 pin connector or if the gender is not compatible, an
adapterwillberequired.
DATA PARAMETER LIST
- Adapters are available at most local PC stores or electronics outlets.
ABS FRP (0 - 655350kPA) or (0 - 95050.5PSI)
Absolute Fuel Rail Pressure is the fuel pressure at the engine when reading in refer-
ence to atmospheric pressure.
- A NULL modem adapter is required to be connected in series with scan tool and
printercable.
ABS LOAD (0 - 100%)
1.6 Replacing the Battery
Absolute Load Value is the normal value of air mass per intake stroke displayed as a
percent.
ABSLT TPS (0 - 100%)
Absolute Throttle Position represents normal distance throttle is opened.
To replace the 9V battery, do the following:
• Remove screw from back of scan tool case.
• Slide battery cover back to disengage hooks.
• Replace 9V battery and place in compartment.
• Slide battery cover up, making sure hooks engage scan tool case.
• Install screw.
ACC POS D,E or F (0 - 100%)
Accelerator Pedal Position represents normal distance gas pedal is pressed.
BARO PRESS (0 - 255kPA) or (0 - 36.9PSI)
Barometric Pressure is normally received from a dedicated barometer, manifold abso-
lute pressure sensor and other inputs during certain modes of driving.
1.7 AC Adapter
The AC power adapter powers the tool when you review codes and print off-vehicle and when
you update the software vial a personal computer. The Scan tool is equipped to accept any
110 Vac–12 VdcAC adapter with the following specifications.
NOTE: The Baro Press may not be the same as some weather services
Barometric
Pressure due to being read at sea level.
CALC LOAD (0 - 100%)
Calulated LOAD Value indicates load on engine.
• 300 mAminimum unregulated wall power adapter.
• Dimensions - 5.5 mm Outside Diameter, 2.5 mm Inside Diameter.
CAT TEMPxy (-40°C - 6513.5°C) or (-40 - 9999.9F)
Catalyst Temperature Bank shall display catalyst substrate temperature for bank cata-
lyst, if used by control module strategy for on board diagnostics monitoring, bank,
sensor catalyst or temperature sensor.
NEG
POS
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4.3.3 Memory Test
Section 2: Diagnosing with the Scan Tool
ToolSelf-Test|
1) DisplayTest
2)KeyboardTest[
`3)MemoryTest
Perform the Memory Test if the scan tool has
trouble displaying code definitions or performing
functions that use internal memory. Select
Memory Test from the Tool Self-Test menu and
press the ENTER key.
2.1 Preliminary Checks
Before using scan tool, perform a complete visual inspection. Many driveability problems
are found by visual inspection, saving time. Check the following items before proceeding
with scan tool testing:
The test begins immediately and displays a
message “Memory Test” followed by periods as
internal memory is tested.
1. Has vehicle been serviced recently? Sometimes
things get connected in the wrong place, or not at all.
MemoryTest . . . . .
. . . . . . .
2. Don’t take shortcuts. Inspect hoses and wiring which
may be difficult to see because of location beneath air
cleaner housings, alternators and similar
components.
When done, a message displays indicating
whether the test passed or failed. Press ENTER
to return to the Tool Self-Test menu.
3. Inspect air cleaner and ductwork for defects.
4. Check sensors and actuators for damage.
5. Inspect all vacuum hoses for:
MemoryTestFailed
SWID=F1E8
MemoryTestPassed!
PressENTERToCont
HVAC
CRUISE
PressENTERToCont
• Correct routing. Refer to vehicle service manual, or
Vehicle Emission Control Information (VECI) decal
located in engine compartment.
T
ER
EGR
VAC
REG
BRAKE BOOSTER
P
FUEL
PRESS
REG
TO TRANS
MODE
4.3.4 Printer Test
A.
• Pinches and kinks.
EGR
VAC
REG
ToolSelf-Test|
2)KeyboardTest]
3)MemoryTest
If you cannot print from the scan tool, select
Printer Test and press the ENTER key. Refer to
section “Changing the Printer Settings“ on
page 20.
FRONT
OF CAR
• Splits, cuts or breaks.
M
6. Inspect wiring for:
9RAC2LAB
`4)PrinterTest
• Contact with sharp edges (this happens frequently).
• Contact with hot surfaces, such as exhaust manifolds.
• Pinched, burned or chafed insulation.
• Proper routing and connections.
7. Check electrical connectors for:
• Corrosion on pins.
4.4 Technical Support
1-800-228-7667 (8:00 - 6:00 EST Monday - Friday), or send email to
[email protected]. Be prepared to provide the scan tool’s Software ID.
• Bent or damaged pins.
• Contacts not properly seated in housing.
• Bad wire crimps to terminals.
Connector problems are common in engine control
system. Inspect for corrosion, bent, pushed out, or over
expanded pins.
Note: Some connectors use special grease on contacts to prevent corrosion. Do not wipe
off! Obtain grease, from vehicle dealer. It is a special type for this purpose.
2.2 Connecting the Scan Tool
Remove protective cap from data link connector,
if present. Connect scan tool and follow scan
tool prompts. Use scan tool 9V battery to do self-
tests, review codes, code lookup or print data
when connection to vehicle is not required.
Diagnostic
Connector
When scan tool powers up, a series of screens
are displayed. The screen starts with “Welcome”
and ends with a “Key Button Help”.
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After pressing ENTER from HELP Screen, the
Main Menu displays. Select Vehicle Diagnosis
and press ENTER.
4.2.3 One or more modules drops the communication link:
MAINMENU
`1)VehicleDiagnosis
2)ToolSetup
|
[
When the OBD II System Tester initially links to
Module($41)Has
|
the vehicle, it builds a list of all OBD II compliant
StoppedResponding.
computer modules. If in the course of scanning the
3)ToolSelfTest
ContinueWithoutIt?
vehicle, a module drops the link, a message will
display.
(YES)
NO
The scan tool asks to erase data from previous
test. Use LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys to select a
response and press ENTER.
EraseDataFrom
PreviousVehicle
Test?
Answering YES will continue operation without the lost module. Answering NO will try to
restore the communication links to get all modules back to an active status.
YES
<NO>
4.2.4 Keyboard does not function properly:
• Perform Keyboard Test by entering Self-Test and select Keyboard Test function.
A message displays Turn Key Off For 10
Seconds, Then Turn Key On and Then Press
ENTER.
TurnKeyOff
• If the keyboard test shows nothing and you still experience the problem, then
contact Actron Technical Support.
For10Seconds
ThenTurnKeyOn
ThenPressENTER
4.3 Tool Self-Tests
MAINMENU
|
[
Tool Self-Tests are used to test the operation of
the display, keyboard, internal memory, and 1)VehicleDiagnosis
2.3 OBD II Functions List
printer connection (if applicable).
2)ToolSetup
Use UP/DOWN Narrow keys to move cursor(`). Once selection is made, press ENTER.
Press and release BACK key to return to OBD II Function List. Pressing BACK key from
the OBD II Function List returns scan tool to Main
`3)ToolSelfTest
The Tool Self-Test menu is accessed from the
MAIN MENU. Use the UP/DOWN arrow keys to
select the test and then press the ENTER key.
Menu. The first time scan tool communicates with
vehicle, the communication type is automatically
detected, and is used until scan tool is turned
OFF or another vehicle is diagnosed.
OBDIIFunctionList |
`1)I/MReadiness
4.3.1 Display Test
2)ReadCodes
[
Select Display Test and press the ENTER key. Press ENTER to begin test.
3)PendingCodes
Not every vehicle will have every function
listed. If function or part of a function selected is not supported by a vehicle, a
message screen informing of this will be shown.
ToolSelf-Test|
`1) DisplayTest
2)KeyboardTest[
3)MemoryTest
ENTERToTest.Look
ForMissingSpots
InDisplay. Press
BACKWhenDone
NOTE: If an Operating Error message is displayed, make sure the OBD II J1962 cable is
securely attached, and ignition key is ON. Cycle ignition key to OFF for 10 seconds,
thenON. ThismayberequiredtoresetthePCM. Ifrequired, select“Yes”totestagain.
If problem still exists, refer to Section 4: Help and Troubleshooting Tips.
Display Test will fill every pixel of display. Look for
pixels that are not black. Press BACK key to exit
to Tool Self-Test menu. Press BACK key again to
display the MAIN MENU.
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
2.3.1 I/M Readiness
Purpose of the I/M Readiness test is to display current information on emissions-related
systems. These systems are required by OBD II regulation to be monitored for emissions
testing. OBD II I/M Readiness Monitors are strategies designed to test operations of emission
related systems or components. The computer module uses these monitors to check for
correct operations of system and components as well as out of range values. The computer
module may perform a special test on a system or component to complete the monitor. It
may be required to operate vehicle under certain conditions in order to perform an accurate
test. If computer module loses power, or codes are erased, monitors may be cleared.
The scan tool displays the state of vehicle OBD II Monitors.
4.3.2 Keyboard Test
Keyboard Test checks operation of keys. Select Keyboard Test from Self-Test menu and
press ENTER key. Test screen with instructions is displayed:
ToolSelf-Test|
1) DisplayTest
`2)KeyboardTest[
3)MemoryTest
PushButtonToTest
KeyAndDisplayName
Key:
BACWhenDone
To enter I/M Readiness viewing mode, select I/M Readiness from OBD II Function List
and press ENTER.
Each time a key is pressed , key’s name should
appear on display. For example, if UP arrow is
pressed, screen will display “Key: UP ARROW.” If
name is not displayed, key is not working.
PushButtonToTest
KeyAndDisplayName
Key:UPARROW
A list of On-Board system readiness tests and
their status will be displayed. Use vehicle service
manuals for more information on emission-
related monitors and their status.
OBDIIFunctionList |
`1)I/MReadiness
2)ReadCodes
[
BACWhenDone
3)PendingCodes
Below are examples of completed versus not
completed I/M Readiness screens:
NOTE: When BACK key is pressed, OBD II System Tester returns to Self-Test Menu, If
Use the UP/DOWN arrow keys to view monitor list. The monitor list consists of the OBD
not then BACK key is not working.
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II monitor name followed by monitor state. A monitor that is not supported by test vehicle
Section 4: Help and Troubleshooting Tips
On-BoardReadiness
TestsAreComplete.
NotAllSupported
4.1 How to Use Help
On-BoardReadiness
TestsAreComplete.
Use[ToViewTest
The tester contains Help for specific screens,
functions, and error messages. Help is available
when Help symbol (|) appears in upper right-
hand corner of display.
OperatingError. |
CheckConnections!
Use[ToViewTest
will be followed by “n/a.” A monitor that has been
completed is followed by “ok.” If not completed,
TryAgain?
<Yes> No
SINCE DTCS CLEARED
To enter Help, press HELP key. Help screens
“inc” will be displayed. Use the UP/DOWN arrow MisfireMonitor ok|
are in CAPITAL LETTERS to remind viewing Help screens, not screens associated with
a function. If Help message is longer than one screen, then use UP and DOWN arrow
keys to page through message. The symbols ([ and ]) indicate the direction available.
keys to scroll through the list.
FuelSystemMon inc
CatalystMon n/a
NOTE: In additon to displaying the state of the
monitor since the last time DTC’s were
cleared, some vehicles will display the
state of the monitors for this drive cycle.
Use the LEFT/RIGHT arrows to switch
between these screens
This Driving Cycle
Misfire Monitor n/a
Fuesl System Mon ok[
SCANTOOLCANNOT
COMMUNICATEWITH
VEHICLE.CHECKTHE [
FOLLOWING:
1.IGNITIONKEYON?
2.HOOKUPTOVEHICLE ]
TESTCONNECTOROK? [
3.EMISSIONSLABEL
Catalyst Mon
inc
To exit Help and return to the screen you where Help was entered, press the BACK key.
Press the ENTER key to return to the OBD II Function List.
4.2 Scan Tool Problems
2.3.2 Read Codes
If scan tool fails to power up, link to vehicle, pass Tool Self-Tests, or function properly,
then try following Troubleshooting Tips. If these tips fail to resolve problem, contact
Actron Technical Support at 1-800-228-7667 (8:00 - 6:00 EST Monday - Friday), or send
The Read Codes function retrieves Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) from vehicle’s
computer modules. This function can be
performed with the key on and the engine off or
the key on and engine running.
OBDIIFunctionList |
1)I/MReadiness
`2)ReadCodes
These codes cause the computer to illuminate
the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) when an
emission-related or driveability fault occurs. The
[
4.2.1 Scan Tool does not power up:
3)PendingCodes
• Check OBD II connector for power and ground. If no power, check fuse if appli-
cable.
MIL is also known as the “service engine soon” or “check engine” lamp.
• Verify vehicle’s battery is at least 8 volts.
Select Read Codes and press ENTER. The scan tool retrieves the DTCs stored in the
vehicle’s computer module(s).
• Unplug and plug back in the Data Link Connector (DLC) to verify connector is
properly seated to vehicle connector.
SystemPass:
DTCsFound:2
• If scan tool is being powered from an AC/DC 110V to 12V adapter, make sure AC
outlet has power.
NoDTCsFound.
PressBACKFor
OBDIIFunctionList
Use[ToViewDTCs
WriteDownCodes
ForReference.
4.2.2 Scan Tool does not “Link” with vehicle:
• Make sure cable is correctly connected to DLC. Unplug the DLC adapter from
vehicle and plug back to verify connection.
The scan tool displays the DTCs or a message
stating SYSTEM PASS: NO CODES FOUND.
Press the DOWN arrow key to view the DTCs or
press the BACK key to return to the OBDII
Function List.
CodeP0443
• Verify ignition key is ON — not in ACCESSORIES position.
• Cycle ignition key OFF for 10 seconds, then ON to reset PCM.
EVAPEmission
ControlSystem
PurgeValveCFault
[
• Inspect DLC adapter and computer module connectors for cracked, bent,
corroded or recessed pins, and for any substance that could prevent a good
electrical connection.
Write down the DTCs for reference, then press BACK to return to the OBDII Function List.
2.3.3 Pending Codes
Pending Codes are also referred as “continuous monitor” and “maturing codes”. An
intermittent fault causes computer to store a code in memory. If fault does not occur
again within 40 warm-up cycles, the code clears
• In vehicle, verify continuity exists between DLC and computer module. In extreme
cases, broken wire(s) may exist.
• Check vehicle computer module for a blown fuse. Refer to vehicle service manual
for fuse location.
from memory. If the fault occurs a specific number
of times, the code matures into a DTC MIL
illuminates or blinks. This function can be per-
formed with the key on and engine running or
not.
OBDIIFunctionList |
• Make sure computer module is grounded to vehicle. If the computer module is
grounded to vehicle, then thoroughly clean connection and apply a conductive grease
to mating surfaces.
1)I/MReadiness
2)ReadCodes
[
`3)PendingCodes
• The vehicle computer module may be defective. Refer to applicable vehicle service
manual for test procedures and diagnostic flowcharts.
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Select Pending Codes and press ENTER key.
3.3 Diagnostic Trouble Code Ranges
Within each general category, the Diagnostic Trouble Codes are assigned to specific
ranges that cover certain vehicle systems. When displaying manufacturer-specific (or
non-global), the assigned Diagnostic Trouble Codes displays the definition.
The scan tool displays codes or a message stating SYSTEM PASS NO FAULT
DETECTED. Press DOWN arrow key to view DTCs or press BACK key to return to OBDII
Function List.
Lower
P0000
P0100
P0300
P0400
P0500
P0600
P0700
P0A00
P1000
Upper
P00FF
P02FF
P03FF
P04FF
P05FF
P06FF
P09FF
P0AFF
P10FF
Assigned DTC System
SystemPass:
CodesFound:2
Fuel and air metering and auxiliary emission controls
Fuel and air metering
NoFaultsDetected.
PressBACKKeyFor
FunctionList
Use[ToViewCodes
WriteDownCodes
ForReference..
Ignition system or misfire
Auxiliary emission controls
Vehicle speed, idle control, and auxiliary inputs
Computer and auxiliary outputs
Transmission
The codes display in same format as Read
Codes. The DTC number and computer module
that stored it display on first line. Use UP/Down
arrow keys to view codes.
P0389Mod$1E1of2
CrankshaftPosition
SensorB
[
CKTIntermittent
Press BACK to return to OBDII Function List.
Hybrid Propulsion
Manufacturer controlled fuel, air metering and auxiliary emission
controls
2.3.4 Erase Codes
P1100
P1300
P1400
P1500
P12FF
P13FF
P14FF
P15FF
Manufacturer controlled fuel and air metering
Manufacturer controlled ignition system or misfire
Manufacturer controlled auxiliary emission controls
The Erase Codes function deletes DTCs from vehicle’s computer memory. Perform this
function only after systems have been checked completely and DTCs have been
documented. This function should be performed with the key on and the engine off.
After servicing vehicle, delete stored DTCs and verify no codes have been reset. If DTCs
return, the problem has not been corrected or other faults are present.
Manufacturer controlled vehicle speed, idle control, and auxiliary
inputs
In addition to clearing DTCs, the Erase Codes function also erases Freeze Frame, O2
Sensor Data, System Monitors, and On-Board Monitor test results.
P1600
P1700
P2000
P2300
P2400
P2500
P2600
P2700
P2900
P3300
P3400
U0000
U0100
U0300
U0400
P16FF
P19FF
P22FF
P23FF
P24FF
P25FF
P26FF
P27FF
P32FF
P33FF
P34FF
U00FF
U02FF
U03FF
U04FF
Manufacturer controlled computer and auxiliary outputs
Manufacturer controlled transmission
Fuel and air metering and auxiliary emission controls
Ignition system or misfire
Select Erase Codes and press the ENTER key. A message appears asking if you are
sure. Press LEFT ARROW to move brackets to desired response and press ENTER.
Selecting NO displays a COMMAND CANCELLED message prompting to press ENTER
to return back to OBDII Function List. Selecting YES displays a screen prompting to turn
ignition key to on and engine off and press ENTER key.
Auxiliary Emissions Controls
Auxiliary Inputs
Computer and Auxiliary Outputs
Transmission
OBDIIFunctionList |
EraseDiagnostic
ResultsandCodes?
AreYouSure?
`4)EraseCodes
5)ViewData
]
[
Fuel and air metering and auxiliary emission controls
Ignition system or misfire
6)ViewFreezeData
YES
<NO>
Cylinder deactivation
The scan tool sends erase command. Press
ENTER to continue and return to OBDII Function
List.
CommandSent
Network electrical
Network communication
PressENTERToCont.
Network software
2.3.5 View Data
Network data
The View Data function allows viewing of vehicle’s Parameter Identification data (PID) in
real time. As the computer monitors the vehicle, the information is simultaneously
transmitted to scan tool. Apart from Read Codes, View Data is most useful diagnostic
function for isolating cause of a vehicle
operation problem. Viewing data is also used
for observing sensor data and status of
switches, solenoids, and relays.
OBDIIFunctionList |
4)EraseCodes
`5)ViewData
]
[
Select View Data from OBDII Function List and
press ENTER. The scan tool displays a menu
with display options.
6)ViewFreezeData
Use the UP/DOWN arrow keys to select an option and press ENTER.
24
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— Entire Data List
Select Entire Data List to display all PIDs supported by vehicle under test.
— Custom Data List
To display only certain PIDs, select Custom Data
List. The ability to display certain PIDs helps in
diagnosing a specific driveability symptom or
3.2 Code Lookup
Code Lookup is used to look up definitions of Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) stored
in the scan tool. The scan tool does not require power from the vehicle to perform this
function. Internal battery power can be used.
SelectDataToView
EntireDataList
`CustomDataList
ViewDataSetup
To look up DTC definitions, select Code Lookup
from the OBDII Function List and press ENTER.
OBDIIFunctionList |
13)ReviewData
14)PrintData
]
system.
`15)CodeLookup
If choosing to view a Custom Data List, the scan
ViewInstructions
ForCreatingCustom
tool asks if help is needed to view the
NOTE: When entering codes, only one character can be changed at a time.
instructions. Select desired response and press
ENTER.
DataList?
YES
<NO>
To enter a code:
• Use UP/DOWN arrow keys to move
cursor up and down through list.
EnterCode: P0100 |
UseArrowKey ^
ToChangeOrPress
ENTERToAccept
• Use the LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys to move
the ^ symbol under the character that
needs to be changed. The cursor moves
to the right and wraps around to the
beginning when the end is reached.
• Use RIGHT arrow key to select or deselect
PIDs. Selected PIDs are marked with «
symbol.
SelectCustomList
«ABSLTTPS(%)
]
[
`«CALCLOAD(%)
• Use LEFT arrow key to deselect all
marked PIDs.
o
COOLANT( F)
• Use the UP/DOWN arrow keys to change
the selected character.
EnterCode: P0A08 |
UseArrowKey
^
• Use the ENTER key to link to the vehicle and retrieve the marked PIDs.
• Press the ENTER key to display the
definition.
ToChangeOrPress
ENTERToAccept
When finished selecting PIDs, press ENTER key to begin viewing them.
NOTE: Refer to Appendix A for a complete list of PIDs.
After entering the code and pressing ENTER,
the code and definition display.
P0A08
DC/DCConverter
StatusCircuit
— View Data Setup
SelectDisplayLine
View Data Setup allows display of PIDs on one,
two, three or four lines. Selecting fewer lines of 2Lines
]
[
]
data provides faster update speeds. The scan
tool default is four-line display.
3Lines
`4Lines(Default)
If the DTC is manufacturer specific or does not
exist for the vehicle, some information can be
determined based on the range of the DTC (see
page 24)
P1100
When scan tool links to vehicle, PIDs will display. Navigate through PID list with following
keys:
Manufacture Contrl ]
[
Fuel Air Metering
• Press UP/DOWN arrow keys to scroll Up/
Down line-by-line through list.
ABSLTTPS(%)
CALCLOAD(%)
ENGINE(RPM)($10) 180[
ENGINE(RPM)($1A) 865
0.0
5.3
• Press LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys to Page
Up/Page Down.
In the definition screen, pressing the ([) or (]) arrow key increments/decrements the
code and its definition. Undefined codes are skipped.
• Press BACK key to return to Select Data
To View menu.
Press the BACK key to return to the Enter Code screen. Press the BACK key again to
return to the OBDII Function List.
The same parameter may appear twice if vehicle is equipped with more than one computer
module — Powertrain Control Module (PCM), Transmission Control Module (TCM), etc. The
scan tool identifies them by identification names (ID) assigned by manufacturer (i.e. $10,
$1A, etc). The computer module ID blinks in parentheses. If one or more modules stops
responding, the scan tool displays a message that the module is not responding and asks to
continue without it. If NO is selected, scan tool attempts to reestablish communication with
that module.
NOTE: Refer to an appropriate vehicle service manual for manufacturer specific codes.
14
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2.3.6 View Freeze Data
Section 3: Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC)
When an emission-related fault occurs, certain vehicle conditions are recorded by the
on-board computer. This information is referred to as a Freeze Frame data. The information
is a “snapshot” of operating conditions at time of a fault. This data can be overwritten by
faults with a higher priority.
3.1 DTC Format
Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) consist of a five-digit alphanumeric code. The DTC
format and types are shown below. When the on-board computer recognizes and identifies
a problem, a DTC for that fault is stored in memory. These codes are intended to help you
determine the root cause of a problem.
NOTE: If codes were erased, then freeze frame data may not be stored in vehicle memory.
Select View Freeze Data from the OBDII Function
List and press ENTER.
OBDIIFunctionList |
4)EraseCodes
5)ViewData
]
[
P 0 1 0 1
`6)ViewFreezeData
Bx - Body
The scan tool links to the vehicle and displays
Freeze Frame data. Use UP/DOWN arrow keys
to scroll through data.
FREEZEFRAMEDATA
Cx - Chassis
Specific Fault Designation
Px - Powertrain
TROUBCODE
P0443
Vehicle Specific System
Ux - Network Comm.
x = 0, 1, 2 or 3
CALCLOAD(%)
ENGINE(RPM)($10) 1120
85.6[
FRAME 1 Mod $1A
TROUBCODE P0443
Example:
P0101 - Mass or Volume Air Flow
Circuit Range/Performance Problem
NOTE: If more than one computer module respons
with freeze fram data, then the frame num-
ber and module display on the first line.
Press the LEFT/Right key to change mod-
ules.
CALCLOAD(%)
85.6[
ENGINE(RPM)($10) 1120
Powertrain Codes
Body Codes
P0xxx - Generic (SAE)
P1xxx - Manufacturer Specific
P2xxx - Generic (SAE)
P30xx-P33xx - Manufacturer Specific
P34xx-P39xx - Generic (SAE)
B0xxx - Generic (SAE)
B1xxx - Manufacturer Specific
B2xxx - Manufacturer Specific
B3xxx - Generic (SAE)
When done, press BACK key to return to OBDII Function List.
2.3.7 O2 Monitor Test
NOTE: The O2 Monitor Test is NOT AN ON-DEMAND TEST. O2 sensors are NOT tested
when selected via the menu. The O2 sensors are tested when engine operating
conditions are within specified limits.
Network Communication Codes
U0xxx - Generic (SAE)
Chassis Codes
C0xxx - Generic (SAE)
C1xxx - Manufacturer Specific
C2xxx - Manufacturer Specific
C3xxx - Generic (SAE)
U1xxx - Manufacturer Specific
U2xxx - Manufacturer Specific
U3xxx - Generic (SAE)
OBD II regulations require that applicable vehicles monitor and test the oxygen (O2)
sensors to determine problems related to fuel and emissions. The O2 Monitor Test
allows retrieval of completed O2 sensors monitor test results.
O2 sensors are located before (upstream) and after (downstream) catalyst(s). The
sensors are named (xy) for their position relative to both cylinder banks and catalysts.
J2012 and ISO 15031-6 are standards for all DTCs, established by SAE, International
Organization for Standardization (ISO) and other governing bodies. Codes and definitions
assigned by this specification are known as Generic OBD II codes. OBD II requires
compliance with standards, and has made it standard for all cars, light trucks, APVs,
MPVs, and SUVs sold in U.S. Codes not reserved by SAE are reserved for manufacturer
and referred to as Manufacturer Specific.
• The O2 sensor for cylinder bank 1 has the prefix 1y while the O2 sensor for
cylinder bank 2 has the prefix 2y.
• The O2 sensor upstream of the catalyst (closest to the engine) has the suffix x1
while the O2 sensor downstream of the catalyst has suffix x2. If vehicle contains
more catalysts, the O2 sensor downstream of the second catalyst has the suffix
x3 and the O2 sensor downstream of the next catalyst has the suffix x4.
Periodically, new DTCs are defined and approved by SAE, ISO and other governing
bodies. The scan tool software will be periodically updated to reflect these changes. For
more information regarding DTC updates, please call our Technical Support line at
1-800-228-7667 (8:00 – 6:00 EST Monday – Friday), or send an email to
• For example, O2S 21 is the upstream O2 sensor for cylinder bank 2.
The following O2 sensor tests are available:
• Rich to Lean sensor threshold voltage
• Lean to Rich sensor threshold voltage
• Low sensor voltage for switch time
• High sensor voltage for switch time
22
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• Rich to Lean sensor switch time
Next, select the parity and press ENTER.
SelectParity
`None(Default)
Odd
• Lean to Rich sensor switch time
• Minimum sensor voltage test cycle
Even
• Maximum sensor voltage test cycle
• Time between sensor transitions
Printer
`Fast(Default)
Slow
Select O2 Monitor Test from OBDII Function List and press ENTER.
Finally, select the printer speed, FAST or SLOW,
and press ENTER.
OBDIIFunctionList |
`7)O2MonitorTest ]
8)Non-ContinTest [
9)On-BoardSystems
O2SensorTests
`1)RICH-LNThresh
2)LN-RICHThresh [
3)LoVForSwitch
TheASCIICharacter
SetWillBePrinted
Once
Now that the printer settings are changed, it is
time to verify the settings. Press the ENTER key
to print the ASCII character set.
Select desired test from menu and press ENTER. Grouping O2 sensor tests together
makes data easier to compare.
PressENTERToCont.
The O2 sensors located upstream (before
catalyst) may perform differently than the ones
located downstream (after the catalyst).
LowVoltsforSwitch
O2S1-1(V)
O2S1-2(V)
O2S2-1(V)
1.15
---[
1.28
MakeSurePrinter
IsTurnedOn,Online
&ConnectedToTool.
PressENTERToCont.
Follow the instructions displayed on the screens.
Oxygen sensor tests not supported by the vehicle display three dashes as the value.
If the printout is OK, press ENTER. Refer to the
settings in the printer manual if the printout is
not OK.
IsPrintoutOK?
Press the BACK key to return to the O2 Sensor Tests menu or press ENTER to return to
the OBDII Function List.
2.3.8 Non-Continuous Tests
<YES>
NO
The Non-Contin (Non-Continuous) Tests obtains test results for emission-related
powertrain components and systems that are not continuously monitored. The Non-
Contin Test function is useful after servicing or after erasing the vehicle’s memory. Test
Printing Data (except Playback)
SelectPrintData
1)I/MReadiness
`2)DTC(Codes)
Next, select the data to be printed and press
ENTER. The scan tool displays the menu of
those functions that store data and can be
printed.
OBDIIFunctionList |
7)O2MonitorTest ]
`8)Non-ContinTest [
9)On-BoardSystems
Non-ContTestsAvail
`$01
$03
[
3)PendingCodes
[
$05
Make sure the printer is turned on, on-line and connected.
When the selected data does not exist in the scan tool’s memory, a message informs
you to run the function. If the selected data is stored in the scan tool, the data automatically
transmits to the printer.
results do not necessarily indicate a faulty
component or system.
TEST$01
ID MEASSPEC
748861C000min Low
748861C000min Low
STS
The scan tool asks the vehicle for any available
noncontinuous test IDs, and then displays them
in a list. The vehicle manufacturer is responsible
for assigning the test and component IDs.
Press ENTER to return to the Select Print Data screen. Either select another item to print
or press BACK to return to the OBDII Function List.
Printing Playback Data
Select Non-Contin Tests from the OBDII Function List and press ENTER. A list of tests
applicable to the vehicle are displayed. Select a test and press ENTER.
When printing playback data, the Start Frame and SelectPrintData
End Frame need to be defined.
5)O2Monitor
]
6)Non-Continuous [
`7)Playback
The scan tool displays the test ID, system or component (ID), test measurement (MEAS),
specification value (SPEC) and status (STS).
After selecting Playback and pressing ENTER,
the Start Frame screen shows the earliest possi-
ble frame. Use the ([) or (]) to change the frame
number and then press ENTER.
Refer to the appropriate vehicle service manual for test IDs and definitions.
Test results requested by the scan tool may also include test limits. Only one test limit is
included in the response message and displayed on the screen. The test limit could be
either a minimum or a maximum test limit.
Next, the End Frame screen displays the latest possible frame. Use the Scroll Wheel to
change the frame number and then press ENTER.
The scan tool starts transmitting to the printer, frame-by-frame. After all the frames have
been sent, press ENTER to return to the Select Print Data screen. Press the BACK key to
return to the OBDII Function List.
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The screen is composed of three lines of data and one line for the frame number and
timestamp (in seconds). Negative frames and timestamps indicate data recorded before
the trigger event. Positive frames and timestamps indicate data recorded after the trigger
event.
The Test Measurement and Specification values are hexadecimal numbers (i.e., $1A,
$FE, $11). The status is calculated by the scan
tool using the measurement and specification
data. Status is either LOW, HIGH, or OK.
ControlofOn-Board
SystemsUnavailable
• Use UP/DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the recorded PID data of each frame.
The end of the list is reached when only the (up) icon is visible.
Press the BACK key to return to the Non-Cont
Tests Avail menu or press the ENTER key to
return to the OBDII Function List.
OnThisVehicle.
PressAKeyToCont
• Use the LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys to scroll back and forth through the frames. The
LEFT key advances to the next frame, “wrapping around” to earliest frame when
the final frame is reached. The RIGHT arrow key goes back to the previous frame,
again “wrapping around” to the final frame.
2.3.9 On-Board Systems
This test allows scan tool to control operation of
vehicle components, tests or systems. Some
manufacturers do not allow tools to control
vehicle systems. A vehicle not supporting an on-
board system is identified by a message
displayed when selected.
Different vehicles communicate at different speeds and support a different number of
PIDs. Therefore, the maximum number of frames that can be recorded will vary.
OBDIIFunctionList |
7)O2MonitorTest ]
8)Non-ContinTest [
`9)On-BoardSystems
Some vehicles wait a long period of time to store a trouble code after the driveability
problem occurs. If you selected “Trigger On Codes” when you made your recording, you
might not see any drastic change in data parameters before and after the trigger point. In
cases like this, the user can manually trigger the recording when the symptom is observed.
NOTE: Refer to vehicle service manual for on-board systems instructions.
When done, press BACK to return to Review Data or to the OBDII Function List.
Select On-Board Systems from OBDII Function List and press ENTER. A list of on-board
systems and components available for testing display on screen.
2.3.14 Print Data
This function allows you to print the diagnostic information stored in the scan tool. The
scan tool’s internal battery power can be used to print data.
Select a test and press ENTER to activate test. The manufacturer is responsible for
determining criteria to automatically stop test. Refer to appropriate vehicle service manual.
Select Print Data and press the ENTER key. The scan tool informs you of the printer
settings (Custom or Default), then asks if you wish to change them. If settings are not
changed, then skip the next section and continue with on the next page.
2.3.10 Record Data
Record Data function records PIDs while vehicle
is parked or being driven. This function is mainly
used for diagnosing intermittent driveability
problems that cannot be isolated by any other
method. The scan tool can maintain only one
recording at a time. Be sure to thoroughly review
old recording before erasing.
OBDIIFunctionList |
OBDIIFunctionList |
ToolSetToDefault |
PrinterSettings.
ChangeSettings?
`10)RecordData
11)VehicleInfo
]
[
13)ReviewData
`14)PrintData
]
12)ModulesPresent
15)CodeLookup
YES
<NO>
Changing the Printer Settings
CannotRecord.Old
RecordingFilledUp
Memory.EraseOld?
<YES> NO
NOTE: The default values are designated on the display with the word (Default) next to
Select Record Data from OBDII Function List
and press ENTER. Follow all instructions on
display.
the option. Refer to the printer manual for the settings.
After selecting YES and pressing ENTER, the
first item to change is the Baud Rate. Use the
UP/DOWN arrow keys to select an option and
press the ENTER key.
SelectBaudRate
`9600(Default)
1200
2400
[
If a recording currently exists in memory, a mes-
sage prompting to erase data is displayed.
PickTriggerMethod
`1)ManualTrigger
2)TriggerOnCodes
Press ENTER when the Select Data Bits screen
displays. There is nothing to select.
SelectDataBits
`8(Default)
Note: Make sure to review old record old data
before erasing
Scan tool retrieves a list of supported PIDs. After
list is generated, scan tool prompts to select
type of data to view. Refer to View Data described
earlier in this section to setup Entire or Custom
Data Lists.
**INITIALIZING**
PRETRIGFRAME:-5
SelectStopBits
1Bit(Default)
`2Bits
In the Select Stop Bits screen, select 1 BIT or
2 BITS and press ENTER.
PressBACKtoExit
On next screen, select a method to trigger a
recording. Manual Trigger allows technician to use ENTER key. Trigger On Codes
automatically triggers when a DTC is indicated by vehicle.
20
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Once trigger method is selected, scan tool will begin recording data when trigger event
occurs — either a DTC occurs or ENTER key is pressed. The time is recorded and data
from the last five frames is saved. Data will continue to be saved until either the record
memory is full or the technician presses ENTER.
Scan tool displays VIN, Calibration ID, and CVNs if supported by vehicle. In example
screens, MOD $10 returned data. Use UP/DOWN arrow keys to scroll . CVNs are shown
as a hexadecimal number.
Press ENTER and the scan tool establishes a communication link with the vehicle.
Press BACK or ENTER to return to OBDII Function List.
If Manual Trigger is selected, scan tool initializes by recording first five frames. When
done, press ENTER. If Trigger On Codes was selected, then scan tool triggers when a
DTC is stored in vehicle. Press BACK key twice to return to OBDII Function List.
2.3.12 Modules Present
OBD II information may be provided by a single module or many separate modules. The
scan tool identifies module IDs and communication type for OBD II modules in vehicle.
**ReadyToRecord**
PressENTERAnytime
ToStartRecording.
StopsAutomatically
WaitingForTrouble
CodeToTriggerThe
StartOfRecording
PressBACKToExit
Select Modules Present from OBDII Function
OBDIIFunctionList |
List and press ENTER.
10)RecordData
11)VehicleInfo
`12)ModulesPresent
]
[
When selecting this function, scan tool checks
for an established communication link. If no link
is made, a message displays stating so. If link
was successful, module(s) and communication
type(s) display on screen.
WARNING!
TWOPEOPLESHOULDBEINVEHICLEWHENDRIVINGONROAD,ONE
TODRIVEANDTHEOTHERTOATTENDTOTHEEQUIPMENT.
NoLinkEstablished
ControllerList
NotAvailable
ID Protocols
$10 ISO*
$18 ISO*
Scan tool recording times vary. A recording
consists of 5 frames of data prior to trigger and
several frames after trigger. Amount of PIDs
[
**RecordingData**
$1A ISO*
FRAME:1Of30
recorded determine number of frames.
2.3.13 Review Data
PressENTERtoStop
Review Data function allows review of information stored in scan tool’s memory. The
scan tool does not require power from vehicle to perform this function. Internal battery
power can be used.
After a recording, scan tool displays a prompt to
playback recording. Answer YES to display
recorded data or NO to return to OBDII Function
List.
PlaybackData?
Select Review Data from OBDII Function List and press ENTER. Only one function,
Playback, needs detailed instructions.
<Yes>
No
2.3.11 Vehicle Info
Vehicle Info function enables scan tool to request vehicle’s VIN number and calibration
ID(s) which uniquely identifies software version in vehicle control module(s).
OBDIIFunctionList |
ReviewData
5)O2Monitor
6)Non-Continuous [
`7)Playback
`13)ReviewData
14)PrintData
]
]
This function applies to Model Year 2000 and later OBD II compliant vehicles. The scan
tool cannot verify if data returned is correct for scanned vehicle. This information is
provided by vehicle manufacturer. The Vehicle Info test must be completed with the key in
the ON position and the Engine OFF.
15)CodeLookup
— Playback
Playback function is used to play back a recording. This function is very similar to View
Data. The only difference is View Data is real time viewing of PIDs, while Playback is a
viewing of previously recorded PIDs.
Calibration Verification Numbers (CVNs) are calculated values required by OBD II
regulations with the vehicle engine off. CVNs are
reported to determine if emission-related
calibrations have been altered. Multiple CVNs may
OBDIIFunctionList |
To play back recorded PIDs, select Playback and press ENTER key.
10)RecordData
`11)VehicleInfo
12)ModulesPresent
]
[
be reported for a control module. The calculation
may take several minutes first time the CVNs are
requested.
The scan tool informs if a recording does not exist. Otherwise, scan tool plays back
Entire Data List or Custom Data List, depending on how data was recorded.
Select Vehicle Info from OBD II Function List and
press ENTER.
NoRecordingIs
Present.Please
MakeRecording
First.
MILSTATUS
CALCLOAD(%)
ENGINE(RPM)($10) 180[
FRAME:1 TM:4.4
ON
5.3
VIN#1MOD$10
1F1FS11P0S2100001
If the message INVALID displays on screen, then
data returned is incorrect, or not formatted in
accordance with OBD II specification.
[
]
CalID#1MOD$10
GXAG20w.HEX
CalVer#1MOD$10
D45B015D
]
[
18
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|