Motorola Computer Hardware MVME162LX User Manual

700/800-Series

MVME162LX

Embedded Controller

Installation and Use

V162-7A/IH1

Preface

This document provides general information and basic installation instructions for

the 700/800-series MVME162LX VME Embedded Controller, which is available in

the versions listed below.

Assembly

Item

Board

Description

Assembly Item

Board Description

MVME162-723

32MHz, 4MB DRAM

MVME162-813 32MHz, 8MB

DRAM

MVME162-743

MVME162-763

32MHz, 4MB ECC

DRAM

MVME162-833 32MHz, 8MB

ECC DRAM

32MHz, 16MB ECC

DRAM

MVME162-853 32MHz, 32MB

ECC DRAM

MVME162-863 32MHz, 16MB

ECC DRAM

In 700/800-Series MVME162LX Embedded Controller Installation and Use you will

Þnd a general board-level hardware description, hardware preparation and

installation instructions, a description of the debugger Þrmware, and information

on using the Þrmware on the MVME162LX VME Embedded Controller.

This manual is intended for anyone who wants to design OEM systems, supply

additional capability to an existing compatible system, or work in a lab

environment for experimental purposes. A basic knowledge of computers and

digital logic is assumed.

Companion publications are listed beginning on page 1-3.

Safety Summary

Safety Depends OnYou

The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation, service, and

repair of this equipment. Failure to comply with these precautions or with speciÞc warnings elsewhere in

this manual violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the equipment.

Motorola, Inc. assumes no liability for the customer's failure to comply with these requirements.

The safety precautions listed below represent warnings of certain dangers of which Motorola is aware. You,

as the user of the product, should follow these warnings and all other safety precautions necessary for the

safe operation of the equipment in your operating environment.

Ground the Instrument.

To minimize shock hazard, the equipment chassis and enclosure must be connected to an electrical ground.

The equipment is supplied with a three-conductor AC power cable. The power cable must be plugged into

an approved three-contact electrical outlet. The power jack and mating plug of the power cable must meet

International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) safety standards.

Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere.

Do not operate the equipment in the presence of ßammable gases or fumes. Operation of any electrical

equipment in such an environment constitutes a deÞnite safety hazard.

Keep Away From Live Circuits.

Operating personnel must not remove equipment covers. Only Factory Authorized Service Personnel or

other qualiÞed maintenance personnel may remove equipment covers for internal subassembly or

component replacement or any internal adjustment. Do not replace components with the power cable

connected. Under certain conditions, dangerous voltages may exist even with the power cable removed. To

avoid injuries, always disconnect power and discharge circuits before touching them.

Do Not Service or Adjust Alone.

Do not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another person capable of rendering Þrst aid and

resuscitation is present.

Use Caution When Exposing or Handling the CRT.

Breakage of the Cathode-Ray Tube (CRT) causes a high-velocity scattering of glass fragments (implosion).

To prevent CRT implosion, avoid rough handling or jarring of the equipment. Handling of the CRT should

be done only by qualiÞed maintenance personnel using approved safety mask and gloves.

Do Not Substitute Parts or Modify Equipment.

Because of the danger of introducing additional hazards, do not install substitute parts or perform any

unauthorized modiÞcation of the equipment. Contact your local Motorola representative for service and

repair to ensure that safety features are maintained.

Dangerous Procedure Warnings.

Warnings, such as the example below, precede potentially dangerous procedures throughout this manual.

Instructions contained in the warnings must be followed. You should also employ all other safety

precautions which you deem necessary for the operation of the equipment in your operating environment.

Dangerous voltages, capable of causing death, are

present in this equipment. Use extreme caution when

handling, testing, and adjusting.

WARNING

Lithium Battery Caution

The board contains a lithium battery to power the clock and

calendar circuitry.

Danger of explosion if battery is replaced incorrectly.

Replace only with the same or equivalent type

recommended by the equipment manufacturer. Dispose

of used batteries according to the manufacturerÕs

instructions.

CAUTION

Il y a danger dÕexplosion sÕil y a remplacement incorrect

de la batterie. Remplacer uniquement avec une batterie

du m•me type ou dÕun type Žquivalent recommandŽ

par le constructeur. Mettre au rebut les batteries usagŽes

conformŽment aux instructions du fabricant.

Attention

Explosionsgefahr bei unsachgemŠ§em Austausch der

Batterie. Ersatz nur durch denselben oder einen vom

Hersteller empfohlenen Typ. Entsorgung gebrauchter

Batterien nach Angaben des Herstellers.

Vorsicht

All Motorola PWBs (printed wiring boards) are manufactured by UL-recognized

manufacturers, with a ßammability rating of 94V-0.

This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate electro-

magnetic energy. It may cause or be susceptible to

electro-magnetic interference (EMI) if not installed and

used in a cabinet with adequate EMI protection.

WARNING

European Notice: Board products with the CE marking comply with the

EMC Directive (89/336/EEC). Compliance with this directive implies

conformity to the following European Norms:

EN55022 (CISPR 22) Radio Frequency Interference

EN50082-1 (IEC801-2, IEC801-3, IEC801-4) Electromagnetic Immunity

The product also fulÞlls EN60950 (product safety), which is essentially

the requirement for the Low Voltage Directive (73/23/EEC).

This board product was tested in a representative system to show

compliance with the above mentioned requirements. A proper

installation in a CE-marked system will maintain the required

EMC/safety performance.

The computer programs stored in the Read Only Memory of this device contain

material copyrighted by Motorola Inc., 1995, and may be used only under a license

such as those contained in MotorolaÕs software licenses.

Motorola and the Motorola symbol are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc.

All other products mentioned in this document are trademarks or registered

trademarks of their respective holders.

©Copyright Motorola 1997

Printed in the United States of America

October 1997

Contents

Lithium Battery Caution 5

Introduction 1-1

Overview 1-1

Related Documentation

The MVME162LX ships with an installation and use manual (the

document you are presently reading, Motorola publications

number VME162-7A/IH) which includes installation instructions,

jumper configuration information, memory maps, debugger/

monitor commands, and any other information needed to start up

the board.

If you plan to develop your own applications or need more detailed

information about your MVME162LX VME Embedded Controller,

you may wish to order the additional documentation listed on the

following pages. You can contact Motorola for this purpose in

several ways:

❏ Through your local Motorola sales office

❏ Through the World Wide Web site listed on the back cover of

this and other MCG manuals

❏ (USA and Canada only) Ñ By contacting the Literature

Center via phone or fax at the numbers listed under Product

Literature at MCGÕs World Wide Web site

If any supplements have been issued for a manual or guide, they

will be furnished along with that document. Each Motorola

Computer Group manual publication number is suffixed with

characters which represent the revision level of the document, such

as Ò/IH2Ó (the second revision of a manual); a supplement bears

the same number as a manual but has a suffix such as Ò/IH2A1Ó

(the first supplement to the second edition of the manual).

1-3

Board Level Hardware Description

Documents for the MVME162LX

The following MCG publications are applicable to the 700/800-

series MVME162LX and may provide additional helpful

information. If they are not shipped with this product, you can

obtain them by contacting your local Motorola sales office.

Motorola

Publication Number

Description

MVME162LXPG/D

MVME162LX Embedded Controller ProgrammerÕs Reference

Guide

MVME162BUG/D

MVME162Bug Debugging Package User's Manual

68KBUG1/D

68KBUG2/D

Debugging Package for Motorola 68K CISC CPUs UserÕs

Manual (Parts 1 and 2)

SBCSCSI/D

Single Board Computers SCSI Software UserÕs Manual

Other Applicable Motorola Publications

The following publications are also applicable to the 700/800-series

MVME162LX and may provide additional helpful information.

They may be purchased through your local Motorola sales office.

Motorola

Publication Number

Description

M68000FR

M68000 Family Reference Manual

M68040UM

MC68040 Microprocessors User's Manual

1-4

Introduction

Applicable Non-Motorola Publications

The following non-Motorola publications are also available from

the sources indicated.

Document Title

Source

VME64 SpeciÞcation, order number

ANSI/VITA 1-1994

VITA (VMEbus International

Trade Association)

7825 E. Gelding Dr., Ste. 104

Scottsdale, AZ 85260-3415

Note: An earlier version of the VME

speciÞcation is available as Versatile Backplane

Bus: VMEbus, ANSI/IEEE Std 1014-1987

(VMEbus SpeciÞcation). This is also available as

Microprocessor System Bus for 1 to 4 Byte Data

(IEC 821 BUS).

ANSI Small Computer System Interface-2

(SCSI-2), Draft Document X3.131-198X,

Revision 10c

Global Engineering Documents

15 Inverness Way East

Englewood, CO 80112-5704

82596CA Local Area Network Coprocessor

Data Sheet, order number 290218; and

82596 User's Manual, order number 296853

Intel Corporation

Literature Sales

P.O. Box 58130

Santa Clara, CA 95052-8130

28F016SA Flash Memory Data Sheet,

order number 290435

Intel Corporation

Literature Sales

P.O. Box 7641, Mt. Prospect, IL

60056-7641

1-5

Board Level Hardware Description

Document Title

Source

NCR Corporation

NCR 53C710 SCSI I/O Processor Data Manual,

order number NCR53C710DM

Microelectronics Products Division

1635 Aeroplaza Dr.

Colorado Springs, CO 80916

NCR 53C710 SCSI I/O Processor ProgrammerÕs

Guide, order number NCR53C710PG

SGS-THOMSON 64K (8K x 8) Timekeeper¨

SRAM Data Sheet, order number M48T08/18

SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics

Group

Marketing Headquarters

1000 East Bell Rd.

Phoenix, AZ 85022-2699

IndustryPack Logic Interface SpeciÞcation,

VITA (VMEbus International

Revision 1.0, order number ANSI/VITA 4-1995 Trade Association)

7825 E. Gelding Dr., Ste. 104

Scottsdale, AZ 85260-3415

Z85230 Serial Communications Controller Data Zilog Inc.

Sheet

210 Hacienda Ave.

Campbell, CA 95008-6609

Requirements

These boards are designed to conform to the requirements of the

following documents:

❏ VME64 Specification, VITA

❏ EIA-232-D Serial Interface Specification, EIA

❏ SCSI Specification, ANSI

❏ IndustryPack Specification, VITA

Features

The following table summarizes the features of the 700/800-series

MVME162LX VMEmodule.

1-6

Introduction

Table 1-1. 700/800-Series MVME162LX: Features

Feature

Description

Microprocessor

DRAM mezzanine

32MHz MC68040

4/8/16MB with parity protection, or 4/8/16/32MB with

ECC protection

SRAM

128KB static RAM (SRAM) with battery backup

Two JEDEC standard 32-pin DIP PROM sockets

EPROM

Flash memory

One Intel 28F016SA 2M x 8 Flash memory device with

write protection (optional)

NVRAM

8K by 8 Non-Volatile RAM (NVRAM) and time-of-day

(TOD) clock with battery backup

Switches

RESET and ABORT switches

Status LEDs

Tick Timers

Status LEDs for FAIL, RUN, SCON, and FUSES

Four 32-bit tick timers (in the MC2chip ASIC); two 32-bit

tick timers (in the VMEchip2 ASIC) for periodic interrupts

Watchdog timers

Interrupts

Two 32-bit watchdog timers (one each in the MC2chip and

VMEchip2 ASICs)

Eight software interrupts (for MVME162LX versions that

have the VMEchip2)

Serial I/O

Four serial ports with EIA-232-D interface (serial port

controllers are the Z85230 chips)

SCSI I/O

Optional SCSI Bus interface with DMA

Ethernet I/O

IndustryPack I/O

Optional Ethernet transceiver interface with DMA

Two IP interfaces with two-channel DMA

1-7

Board Level Hardware Description

Table 1-1. 700/800-Series MVME162LX: Features (Continued)

Feature

Description

VMEbus system controller functions

VMEbus interface to local bus (A24/A32,

D8/D16/D32/block transfer [D8/D16/D32/D64])

Local-bus-to-VMEbus interface (A16/A24/A32,

D8/D16/D32)

VMEbus interface

VMEbus interrupter

VMEbus interrupt handler

Global control/status register for interprocessor

communications

DMA for fast local memory - VMEbus transfers

(A16/A24/A32, D16/D32/block transfer)

1-8

Introduction

Speciﬁcations

Table 1-2 lists the specifications for a 700/800-series MVME162LX

without IPs.

Table 1-2. 700/800-Series MVME162LX: Speciﬁcations

Characteristics

Power requirements

(with EPROMs; without IPs) +12 Vdc (± 5%), 100 mA maximum

SpeciÞcations

+5Vdc (± 5%), 3.5 A typical, 4.5 A maximum

-12 Vdc (± 5%), 100 mA maximum

Operating temperature

0û to 70û C exit air with forced air cooling*

(see Note)

Storage temperature

Relative humidity

Physical dimensions

-40û to +85û C

5% to 90% (noncondensing)

Double-high VMEboard

PC board with mezzanine

module only

Height

Depth

Thickness

9.2 inches (233 mm)

6.3 inches (160 mm)

0.66 inch (17 mm)

PC board with connectors

and front panel

Height

Depth

Thickness

10.3 inches (262 mm)

7.4 inches (188 mm)

0.80 inch (20 mm)

*Refer to Cooling Requirements on page 1-10 and Special Considerations for Elevated-

Temperature Operation on page 1-10.

1-9

Board Level Hardware Description

Cooling Requirements

The Motorola MVME162LX VME Embedded Controller is

specified, designed, and tested to operate reliably with an incoming

air temperature range from 0û to 55û C (32û to 131û F) with forced air

cooling at a velocity typically achievable by using a 100 CFM axial

fan. Temperature qualification is performed in a standard Motorola

VME system chassis. Load boards are inserted adjacent to the board

under test, to simulate a high power density system configuration.

An assembly of three axial fans, rated at 100 CFM per fan, is placed

directly under the VME card cage. The incoming air temperature is

measured between the fan assembly and the card cage, where the

incoming airstream first encounters the controller under test. Test

software is executed as the controller is subjected to ambient

temperature variations. Case temperatures of critical, high power

density integrated circuits are monitored to ensure that component

vendorsÕ specifications are not exceeded.

While the exact amount of airflow required for cooling depends on

the ambient air temperature and the type, number, and location of

boards and other heat sources, adequate cooling can usually be

achieved with 10 CFM and 490 LFM flowing over the controller.

Less airflow is required to cool the controller in environments

having lower maximum ambients. Under more favorable thermal

conditions (refer to Elevated-Temperature Operation below), it may be

possible to operate the controller reliably at higher than 55û C with

increased airflow. It is important to note that there are several

factors, in addition to the rated CFM of the air mover, which

determine the actual volume and speed of air flowing over the

controller.

Special Considerations for Elevated-Temperature Operation

The following information is for users whose applications for the

MVME162LX may subject it to high temperatures.

1-10

Introduction

The MVME162LX uses commercial-grade devices. Therefore, it can

operate in an environment with ambient air temperatures from 0û C

to 70û C. Several factors influence the ambient temperature seen by

components on the MVME162LX. Among them are inlet air

temperature; airflow characteristics; number, types, and locations

of IP modules; power dissipation of adjacent boards in the system,

etc.

A temperature profile of a comparable board (the MVME172

embedded controller) was developed in an MVME954A six-slot

VME chassis. Two such boards, each loaded with one 4MB memory

mezzanine and two GreenSpring IndustryPack modules, were

placed in the chassis with one 36W load board installed between

them. The chassis was placed in a thermal chamber that maintained

an ambient temperature of 55û C. Measurements showed that the

fans in the chassis supplied an airflow of approximately 65 LFM

over the MVME172 boards. Under these conditions, a rise in

temperature of approximately 10û C between the inlet and exit air

was observed. The junction temperatures of selected high-power

devices on the MVME172 were calculated (from case temperature

measurements) and were found to be within manufacturersÕ

specified tolerances.

For elevated-temperature operation, perform similar

measurements and calculations to determine the actual

operating margin for your specific environment.

Caution

To facilitate elevated-temperature operation:

1. Position the MVME162LX in the chassis to permit maximum

airflow over the component side of the board.

2. Do not place boards with high power dissipation next to the

MVME162LX.

3. Use low-power IP modules only.

1-11

Board Level Hardware Description

FCC Compliance

The MVME162LX is a board-level product and is meant to be used

in standard VME applications. As such, it is the responsibility of

system integrators to to meet the regulatory guidelines pertaining

to a given application. The MVME162LX has been tested in a

representative chassis for CE class B EMC certification. Compliance

was achieved under the following conditions:

1. Shielded cables on all external I/O ports.

2. Cable shields connected to earth ground via metal shell

connectors bonded to a conductive module front panel.

3. Conductive chassis rails connected to earth ground. This

provides the path for connecting shields to earth ground.

4. Front panel screws properly tightened.

For minimum RF emissions, it is essential that the conditions above

be implemented. Failure to do so could compromise the FCC

compliance of the equipment containing the module.

Manual Terminology

Throughout this manual, a convention is used which precedes data

and address parameters by a character identifying the numeric

format as follows:

dollar

speciÞes a hexadecimal character

speciÞes a binary number

percent

ampersand

speciÞes a decimal number

For example, Ò12Ó is the decimal number twelve, and ÔÔ$12ÕÕ is the

decimal number eighteen.

Unless otherwise specified, all address references are in

hexadecimal.

1-12

Introduction

An asterisk (*) following the signal name for signals which are level

significant denotes that the signal is true or valid when the signal is

low.

An asterisk (*) following the signal name for signals which are edge

significant denotes that the actions initiated by that signal occur on

high-to-low transition.

In this manual, assertion and negation are used to specify forcing a

signal to a particular state. In particular, assertion and assert refer

to a signal that is active or true; negation and negate indicate a

signal that is inactive or false. These terms are used independently

of the voltage level (high or low) that they represent.

Data and address sizes are defined as follows:

❏ A byte is eight bits, numbered 0 through 7, with bit 0 being the

least significant.

❏ A two-byte is 16 bits, numbered 0 through 15, with bit 0 being

the least significant. For the MVME162LX and other CISC

modules, this is called a word.

❏ A four-byte is 32 bits, numbered 0 through 31, with bit 0 being

the least significant. For the MVME162LX and other CISC

modules, this is called a longword.

The terms control bit, status bit, true and false are used extensively in

this document.

The term control bit describes a bit in a register that can be set and

cleared under software control. The term true indicates that a bit is

in the state that enables the function it controls. The term false

indicates that the bit is in the state which disables the function it

controls. In all tables, the terms 0 and 1 describe the actual value

that should be written to the bit, or the value that it yields when

read.

The term status bit describes a bit in a register that reflects a specific

condition. The status bit is read by software to determine

operational or exception conditions.

1-13

Board Level Hardware Description

Block Diagram

Refer to Figure 1-1 on page 1-15 for a block diagram of the 700/800-

series MVME162LX.

Functional Description

This section contains a functional description of the major blocks on

the MVME162LX.

Front Panel Switches and Indicators

There are two switches and four LEDs on the front panel of the

MVME162LX.

❏ RESET switch. Resets all onboard devices (including IP

modules, if installed) and drives SYSRESET* if the board is

system controller. The RESET switch may be disabled by

software.

❏ ABORT switch. When enabled by software, the ABORT switch

generates an interrupt at a user-programmable level. It is

normally used to abort program execution and return to the

162Bug debugger.

❏ FAIL LED (red). Lights when the BRDFAIL* signal line is

active or when the processor is halted. Part of DS1.

❏ RUN LED (green or amber). Lights when the local bus TIP*

signal line is low. This indicates one of the local bus masters

is executing a local bus cycle. Part of DS1.

❏ SCON LED (green). Lights when the VMEchip2 in the

MVME162LX is the VMEbus system controller. Part of DS2.

❏ FUSES LED (green). Lights when +5Vdc, +12Vdc, and -12Vdc

power is available to the LAN and SCSI interfaces and IP

connectors. Part of DS2.

1-14

Functional Description

Figure 1-1. MVME162LX Block Diagram

1-15

Board Level Hardware Description

Data Bus Structure

The local bus on the MVME162LX is a 32-bit synchronous bus that

is based on the MC68040 bus, and which supports burst transfers

and snooping. The various local bus master and slave devices use

the local bus to communicate. The local bus is arbitrated by priority

type arbiter and the priority of the local bus masters from highest to

lowest is: 82596CA LAN, 53C710 SCSI, VMEbus, and MPU. In the

general case, any master can access any slave; however, not all

combinations pass the common sense test. Refer to the

MVME162LX Embedded Controller ProgrammerÕs Reference Guide and

to the user's guide for each device to determine its port size, data

bus connection, and any restrictions that apply when accessing the

device.

Microprocessor

The MVME162LX is built with a 32MHz MC68040 microprocessor.

The MC68040 has on-chip instruction and data caches, optional

high drive I/O buffers, and a floating point processor. The

MC68040 supports cache coherency in multi-master applications

with dedicated on-chip bus snooping logic. Refer to the M68040

reference manual for detailed information.

MC68040 Cache

The MVME162LX local bus masters (VMEchip2, MC68040, 53C710

SCSI controller, and 82596CA Ethernet controller) have

programmable control of the snoop/caching mode. The IP DMA

local bus masterÕs snoop control function is controlled by jumper

settings at J19. J19 controls the state of the snoop control signals for

all IP DMA transfers (including the IP DMA which is executed

when the DMA control registers are updated during IP DMA

operation in the command chaining mode). The MVME162LX local

bus slaves that support MC68040 bus snooping are defined in the

Local Bus Memory Map table later in this chapter.

1-16

Functional Description

No-VMEbus-Interface Option

The 700/800-series MVME162LX may be operated as an embedded

controller without the VMEbus interface. For this option, the

VMEchip2 ASIC and the VMEbus buffers are not populated. Also,

the bus grant daisy chain and the interrupt acknowledge daisy

chain have zero-ohm bypass resistors installed.

To support this feature, certain logic in the VMEchip2 has been

duplicated in the MC2chip. This logic is inhibited in the MC2chip

when the VMEchip2 is present. The enables for these functions are

controlled by software and MC2chip hardware initialization.

Note that MVME162LX models ordered without the VMEbus

interface are shipped with Flash memory blank (the factory uses the

VMEbus to program the Flash memory with debugger code). To

use the 162Bug package, MVME162Bug, be sure that jumper header

J21 is configured for the EPROM memory map. Refer to Chapters 2

and 3 for further details.

Contact your local Motorola sales office for ordering information.

Memory Options

The following memory options are used on the different versions of

700/800-series MVME162LX boards.

DRAM Options

The MVME162LX offers the following DRAM options:

❏ 4, 8, or 16MB shared DRAM with programmable parity on a

mezzanine module

❏ 4, 8, 16, or 32MB ECC DRAM on a mezzanine module

The DRAM architecture for non-ECC memory is non-interleaved

for 4 or 8MB and interleaved for 16MB. Parity protection is enabled

with interrupts or bus exception when a parity error is detected.

1-17

Board Level Hardware Description

DRAM performance is specified in the section on the DRAM

Memory Controller in the MC2chip Programming Model in the

MVME162LX Embedded Controller ProgrammerÕs Reference Guide.

The DRAM map decoder may be programmed to accommodate

different base address(es) and sizes of mezzanine boards. The

onboard DRAM is disabled by a local bus reset and must be

programmed before the DRAM may be accessed. Refer to the

MC2chip and MCECC descriptions in the MVME162LX Embedded

Controller ProgrammerÕs Reference Guide for detailed programming

information.

Most DRAM devices require some number of access cycles before

the DRAMs are fully operational. Normally this requirement is met

by the onboard refresh circuitry and normal DRAM initialization.

However, software should insure a minimum of 10 initialization

cycles are performed to each bank of RAM.

SRAM Options

The MVME162LX provides 128KB of 32-bit-wide onboard static

RAM in a single non-interleaved architecture with onboard battery

backup. The SRAM arrays are not parity protected.

The SRAM battery backup function is provided by a Dallas

DS1210S device. The DS1210S supports primary and secondary

power sources. When the main board power fails, the DS1210S

selects the source with the higher voltage. If one source should fail,

the DS1210S switches to the redundant source. Each time the board

is powered up, the DS1210S checks power sources and if the voltage

of the backup source is less than two volts, the second memory

cycle is blocked. This allows software to provide an early warning

to avoid data loss. Because the DS1210S may block the second

access, software should do at least two accesses before relying on

the data.

The MVME162LX provides jumpers (on J14) that allow either

power source of the DS1210S to be connected to the VMEbus +5V

STDBY pin or to one cell of the onboard battery. For example, the

primary system backup source may be a battery connected to the

1-18

Functional Description

VMEbus +5V STDBY pin and the secondary source may be the

onboard battery. If the system source should fail or the board is

removed from the chassis, the onboard battery takes over. Refer to

Chapter 2 for the jumper configurations.

For proper operation of the SRAM, some jumper

combination must be installed on the respective Backup

Power Source Select Header (J14). If one of the jumpers

is used to select the battery, the battery must be installed

on the MVME162LX. The SRAM may malfunction if

inputs to the DS1210S are left unconnected.

Caution

The SRAM is controlled by the MC2chip, and the access time is

programmable. Refer to the MC2chip description in the

MVME162LX Embedded Controller ProgrammerÕs Reference Guide for

more detail.

About the Battery

The power source for the onboard SRAM is a RAYOVAC FB1225

battery with two BR1225-type lithium cells which is socketed for

easy removal and replacement. A small capacitor is provided to

allow the battery to be quickly replaced without data loss.

The lifetime of the battery is very dependent on the ambient

temperature of the board and the power-on duty cycle. The lithium

battery supplied on the MVME162LX should provide at least two

years of backup time with the board powered off and with an

ambient temperature of 40° C. If the power-on duty cycle is 50% (the

board is powered on half of the time), the battery lifetime is four

years. At lower ambient temperatures, the backup time is greatly

extended.

When a board is stored, the battery should be disconnected to

prolong battery life. This is especially important at high ambient

temperatures. The MVME162LX is shipped with the batteries

disconnected (i.e., with VMEbus +5V standby voltage selected as

both primary and secondary power source). If you intend to use the

1-19

Board Level Hardware Description

battery as a power source, whether primary or secondary, it is

necessary to reconfigure the jumpers on J14 before installing the

board. Refer to SRAM Backup Power Source Select Header (J14) on

page 2-6 for available jumper configurations

The power leads from the battery are exposed on the solder side of

the board. The board should not be placed on a conductive surface

or stored in a conductive bag unless the battery is removed.

Lithium batteries incorporate inflammable materials

such as lithium and organic solvents. If lithium batteries

are mistreated or handled incorrectly, they may burst

open and ignite, possible resulting in injury and/or fire.

When dealing with lithium batteries, carefully follow

the precautions listed below in order to prevent

accidents.

Warning

❏ Do not short circuit.

❏ Do not disassemble, deform, or apply excessive pressure.

❏ Do not heat or incinerate.

❏ Do not apply solder directly.

❏ Do not use different models, or new and old batteries

together.

❏ Do not charge.

❏ Always check proper polarity.

To remove the battery from the module, carefully pull the battery

from the socket (BT1, shown in Figure 2-1).

Before installing a new battery, ensure that the battery pins are

clean. Note the battery polarity and press the battery into the

socket. No soldering is required.

1-20

Functional Description

EPROM and Flash Memory

The MVME162LX may be ordered with 2MB of Flash memory and

two EPROM sockets ready for the installation of the EPROMs,

which may be ordered separately. Flash memory is a single Intel

28F016SA device organized in a 2Mbit x 8 configuration. The

EPROM locations are standard JEDEC 32-pin DIP sockets that

accommodate three jumper-selectable densities (256 Kbit x 8;

512 Kbit x 8, the factory default; 1 Mbit x8). A jumper setting (GPI3,

pins 7-8 on J21), allows reset code to be fetched either from Flash

memory (GPI3 installed) or from EPROMs (GPI3 removed).

Battery Backed Up RAM and Clock

An M48T58 RAM and clock chip is used on the MVME162LX. This

chip provides a time-of-day clock, oscillator, crystal, power fail

detection, memory write protection, 8KB of RAM, and a battery in

one 28-pin package. The clock provides seconds, minutes, hours,

day, date, month, and year in BCD 24-hour format. Corrections for

28-, 29- (leap year), and 30-day months are automatically made. No

interrupts are generated by the clock. Although the M48T58 is an 8

bit device, the interface provided by the MC2chip supports

8-, 16-, and 32-bit accesses to the M48T58. Refer to the MC2chip in

the MVME162LX Embedded Controller ProgrammerÕs Reference Guide

and to the M48T58 data sheet for detailed programming and

battery life information.

VMEbus Interface and VMEchip2

The optional VMEchip2 provides the local-bus-to-VMEbus

interface, the VMEbus-to-local-bus interface, and the DMA

controller functions of the local VMEbus. The VMEchip2 also

provides the VMEbus system controller functions. Refer to the

VMEchip2 description in the MVME162LX Embedded Controller

ProgrammerÕs Reference Guide for detailed programming

information.

1-21

Board Level Hardware Description

Note that the ABORT switch logic in the VMEchip2 is not used. The

GPI inputs to the VMEchip2 which are located at $FFF40088 bits 7-

0 are not used. The ABORT switch interrupt is integrated into the

MC2chip ASIC at location $FFF42043. The GPI inputs are

integrated into the MC2chip ASIC at location $FFF4202C bits 23-16.

I/O Interfaces

The MVME162LX provides onboard I/O for many system

applications. The I/O functions include serial ports, IndustryPack

(IP) interfaces, an optional LAN Ethernet transceiver interface, and

an optional SCSI mass storage interface.

Serial Communications Interface

The MVME162LX uses two Zilog Z85230 serial port controllers to

implement the four serial communications interfaces. Each

interface supports CTS, DCD, RTS, and DTR control signals, as well

as the TXD and RXD transmit/receive data signals. Because the

serial clocks are omitted in the MVME162LX implementation, serial

communications are strictly asynchronous. The MVME162LX

hardware supports serial baud rates of 110b/s to 38.4Kb/s.

The Z85230 supplies an interrupt vector during interrupt

acknowledge cycles. The vector is modified based upon the

interrupt source within the Z85230. Interrupt request levels are

programmed via the MC2chip. Refer to the Z85230 data sheet listed

in this chapter, and to the MC2chip Programming Model in the

MVME162LX Embedded Controller ProgrammerÕs Reference Guide, for

information.

The Z85230s are interfaced as DTE (data terminal equipment) with

EIA-232-D signal levels. The four serial ports are routed to four RJ-

45 connectors on the MVME162LX front panel.

1-22

Functional Description

IndustryPack (IP) Interfaces

Up to two IP modules may be installed on the 700/800-series

MVME162LX as an option. The interface between the IPs and

MVME162LX is the IndustryPack Interface Controller (IP2) ASIC.

Access to the IPs is provided by two 3M connectors located behind

the MVME162LX front panel. Refer to the chapter on the IP2 in the

MVME162LX Embedded Controller ProgrammerÕs Reference Guide for

detailed features of the IP interface.

Optional Ethernet Interface

The MVME162LX uses the 82596CA to implement the Ethernet

transceiver interface. The 82596CA accesses local RAM using DMA

operations to perform its normal functions. Because the 82596CA

has small internal buffers and the VMEbus has an undefined

latency period, buffer overrun may occur if the DMA is

programmed to access the VMEbus. Therefore, the 82596CA should

not be programmed to access the VMEbus.

Every MVME162LX that has the Ethernet interface is assigned an

Ethernet Station Address. The address is $08003E2XXXXX where

XXXXX is the unique 5-nibble number assigned to the board (i.e.,

every MVME162LX has a different value for XXXXX).

Each board has an Ethernet Station Address displayed on a label

attached to the VMEbus P2 connector. In addition, the six bytes

including the Ethernet address are stored in the configuration area

of the BBRAM. That is, 08003E2XXXXX is stored in the BBRAM.

The upper four bytes (08003E2X) are read at $FFFC1F2C; the lower

two bytes (XXXX) are read at $FFFC1F30. The debugger firmware

has the capability to retrieve or set the Ethernet address.

If the data in the BBRAM is lost, use the number on the label on

backplane connector P2 to restore it.

The Ethernet transceiver interface is located on the MVME162LX

main board, and the industry standard connector is located on its

front panel.

1-23

Board Level Hardware Description

Support functions for the 82596CA are provided by the MC2chip.

Refer to the 82596CA user's guide and to the MC2chip description

in the MVME162LX Embedded Controller ProgrammerÕs Reference

Guide for detailed programming information.

Optional SCSI Interface

The MVME162LX supports mass storage subsystems through the

industry-standard SCSI bus. These subsystems may include hard

and floppy disk drives, streaming tape drives, and other mass

storage devices. The SCSI interface is implemented using the NCR

53C710 SCSI I/O controller.

Support functions for the 53C710 are provided by the MC2chip.

Refer to the NCR 53C710 user's guide and to the MC2chip

description in the MVME162LX Embedded Controller ProgrammerÕs

Reference Guide for detailed programming information.

SCSI Termination

It is important that the SCSI bus be properly terminated at both

ends.

The MVME162LX main board provides terminators for the SCSI

bus. The SCSI terminators are enabled/disabled by a jumper on

header J12. If the SCSI bus ends at the MVME162LX, a jumper must

be installed between J12 pins 1 and 2.

The FUSES LED (part of DS2) on the MVME162LX front panel

monitors the SCSI bus TERMPWR signal in addition to LAN power

and IndustryPack power; the FUSES LED lights when all fuses are

operational. The fuses are solid-state devices that reset when the

short is removed.

Because any device on the SCSI bus can provide TERMPWR, the

FUSES LED does not directly indicate the condition of the fuse.

1-24

Functional Description

Local Resources

The MVME162LX includes many resources for the local processor.

These include tick timers, software-programmable hardware

interrupts, watchdog timer, and local bus timeout.

Programmable Tick Timers

Six 32-bit programmable tick timers with 1µs resolution are

provided, four in the MC2chip and two in the optional VMEchip2.

The tick timers may be programmed to generate periodic interrupts

to the processor. Refer to the VMEchip2 and MC2chip descriptions

in the MVME162LX Embedded Controller ProgrammerÕs Reference

Guide for detailed programming information.

Watchdog Timer

A watchdog timer function is provided in both the MC2chip and

the optional VMEchip2. The timers operate independently but in

parallel. When the watchdog timers are enabled, they must be reset

by software within the programmed time or they will time out. The

watchdog timers may be programmed to generate a SYSRESET

signal, local reset signal, or board fail signal if they time out. Refer

to the VMEchip2 and MC2chip descriptions in the MVME162LX

Embedded Controller ProgrammerÕs Reference Guide for detailed

programming information.

The watchdog timer logic is duplicated in the VMEchip2 and

MC2chip ASICs. Because the watchdog timer function in the

VMEchip2 is a superset of that function in the MC2chip (system

reset function), the timer in the VMEchip2 is used in all cases except

for the version of the MVME162LX which does not include the

VMEbus interface ( described under ÒNo-VMEbus-Interface

optionÓ).

1-25

Board Level Hardware Description

Software-Programmable Hardware Interrupts

Eight software-programmable hardware interrupts are provided

by the VMEchip2. These interrupts allow software to create a

hardware interrupt. Refer to the VMEchip2 description in the

MVME162LX Embedded Controller ProgrammerÕs Reference Guide for

detailed programming information.

Local Bus Timeout

The MVME162LX provides a timeout function in the VMEchip2

and the MC2chip for the local bus. When the timer is enabled and a

local bus access times out, a Transfer Error Acknowledge (TEA)

signal is sent to the local bus master. The timeout value is software-

selectable for 8 µsec, 64 µsec, 256 µsec, or infinity. The local bus

timer does not operate during VMEbus bound cycles. VMEbus

bound cycles are timed by the VMEbus access timer and the

VMEbus global timer. Refer to the VMEchip2 and the MC2chip

descriptions in the MVME162LX Embedded Controller ProgrammerÕs

Reference Guide for detailed programming information.

The MC2chip also provides local bus timeout logic for

MVME162LXs without the optional VMEbus interface (i.e., without

the VMEchip2 ASIC).

The access timer logic is duplicated in the VMEchip2 and MC2chip

ASICs. Because the local bus timer in the VMEchip2 can detect an

offboard access and the MC2chip local bus timer cannot, the timer

in the VMEchip2 is used in all cases except for the version of the

MVME162LX which does not include the VMEbus interface

(described under ÔÔNo-VMEbus-Interface optionÓ).

1-26

Functional Description

Local Bus Arbiter

The local bus arbiter implements a fixed priority, which is

described in the following table.

Table 1-3. Local Bus Arbitration Priority

Device

Priority

Note

LAN

Highest

IndustryPack DMA

SCSI

. . .

VMEbus

Next lowest

MC68040

Connectors

The MVME162LX has two 96-position DIN connectors: P1 and P2.

P1 rows A, B, C, and P2 row B provide the VMEbus

interconnection. P2 rows A and C are not used.

The MVME162LX has a 20-pin connector J2 mounted behind the

front panel. When the MVME162LX board is enclosed in a chassis

and the front panel is not visible, this connector allows the reset,

abort and LED functions to be extended to the control panel of the

system, where they are visible.

The serial ports on the MVME162LX are connected to four 8-pin RJ-

45 female connectors (J17) on the front panel. The two IPs connect

to the MVME162LX by two pairs of 50-pin connectors. Two 50-pin

connectors behind the front panel are for external connections to IP

signals. The memory mezzanine board is plugged into two 100-pin

connectors. The Ethernet LAN connector (J9) is a 15-pin socket

connector mounted on the front panel. The SCSI connector (J23) is

a 68-pin socket connector mounted on the front panel.

1-27

Board Level Hardware Description

Memory Maps

There are two points of view for memory maps: 1) the mapping of

all resources as viewed by local bus masters (local bus memory

map), and 2) the mapping of onboard resources as viewed by

external masters (VMEbus memory map).

The memory and I/O maps that are described in the next three

tables are correct for all local bus masters. There is some address

translation capability in the VMEchip2. This allows multiple

MVME162LXs on the same VMEbus with different virtual local bus

maps as viewed by different VMEbus masters.

Local Bus Memory Map

The local bus memory map is split into different address spaces by

the transfer type (TT) signals. The local resources respond to the

normal access and interrupt acknowledge codes.

Normal Address Range

The memory map of devices that respond to the normal address

range is shown in the following tables. The normal address range is

defined by the Transfer Type (TT) signals on the local bus. On the

MVME162LX, Transfer Types 0, 1, and 2 define the normal address

range. Table 1-4 is the entire map from $00000000 to $FFFFFFFF.

Many areas of the map are user-programmable, and suggested uses

are shown in the table. The cache inhibit function is programmable

in the MC68040 MMU (memory management unit). The onboard

1-28

Memory Maps

I/O space must be marked cache inhibit and serialized in its page

table. Table 1-5 on page 1-31 further defines the map for the local

I/O devices.

Table 1-4. Local Bus Memory Map

Software

Cache

Inhibit

Devices

Accessed

Port

Width

Address Range

Programmable

Size

Notes

DRAM on parity

mezzanine

D32

4MB-16MB

4MB-32MB

Programmable

DRAM on ECC

mezzanine

Programmable

Onboard SRAM

D32

128KB

VMEbus

A32/A24

D32-D16

Programmable

IP_a memory

IP_b memory

Flash/EPROM

EPROM/Flash

Not decoded

D32-D8

D32

64KB-8MB

2MB

2, 4

1, 5

Programmable

$FF800000-$FF9FFFFF

$FFA00000-$FFBFFFFF

$FFC00000-$FFDFFFFF

$FFE00000-$FFE1FFFF

D32

2MB

D32

2MB

Onboard SRAM

default

D32

128KB

1-29

Board Level Hardware Description

Table 1-4. Local Bus Memory Map (Continued)

Software

Cache

Inhibit

Devices

Accessed

Port

Width

Address Range

Size

Notes

$FFE80000-$FFEFFFFF

$FFF00000-$FFFEFFFF

Not decoded

512KB

878KB

Local I/O

devices

D32-D8

(see next table)

$FFFF0000-$FFFFFFFF

VMEbus A16

D32/D1

64KB

2, 4

Notes

1. Devices mapped at $FFF80000-$FFF9FFFF also appear at $00000000- $001FFFFF when the

ROM0 bit in the MC2chip EPROM control register is high (ROM0=1). ROM0 is set to 1 after

each reset. The ROM0 bit must be cleared before other resources (DRAM or SRAM) can be

mapped in this range ($00000000 - $001FFFFF).

The EPROM/Flash memory map is also controlled by the EPROM size and by control bit

V19 in the MC2chip ASIC. Refer to the EPROM/Flash configuration tables in the

MVME162LX Embedded Controller ProgrammerÕs Reference Guide for further details.

2. This area is user-programmable. The DRAM and SRAM decoder is programmed in the

MC2chip, the local-to-VMEbus decoders are programmed in the VMEchip2, and the IP

memory space is programmed in the IP2.

3. Size is approximate.

4. Cache inhibit depends on the devices in the area mapped.

5. The EPROM and Flash are dynamically sized by the MC2chip ASIC from an 8-bit private

bus to the 32-bit MPU local bus.

6. These areas are not decoded unless one of the programmable decoders is initialized to

decode this space. If they are not decoded and the local timer is enabled, an access to this

address range will generate a local bus timeout.

The next table describes the ÔÔLocal I/O DevicesÕÕ portion of the

local bus main memory map.

1-30

Memory Maps

Note The IP2 chip on the MVME162LX supports up to four

IP interfaces, designated IP_a through IP_d. The

700/800-series MVME162LX itself accommodates two

IPs: IP_a and IP_b. In the following map, the segments

applicable to IP_c and IP_d are not used in the 700/800-

series MVME162LX.

Table 1-5. Local I/O Devices Memory Map

Address Range

Devices Accessed

Port

Size Notes

Width

$FFF00000 - $FFF3FFFF

$FFF40000 - $FFF400FF

$FFF40100 - $FFF401FF

$FFF40200 - $FFF40FFF

$FFF41000 - $FFF41FFF

$FFF42000 - $FFF42FFF

$FFF43000 - $FFF430FF

$FFF43100 - $FFF431FF

$FFF43200 - $FFF43FFF

$FFF44000 - $FFF44FFF

$FFF45000 - $FFF457FF

$FFF45800 - $FFF45FFF

$FFF46000 - $FFF46FFF

$FFF47000 - $FFF47FFF

$FFF48000 - $FFF57FFF

$FFF58000 - $FFF5807F

$FFF58080 - $FFF580FF

$FFF58100 - $FFF5817F

$FFF58180 - $FFF581FF

Reserved

- -

D32

D32-D8

- -

256KB

256B

3.5KB

4KB

VMEchip2 (LCSR)

VMEchip2 (GCSR)

Reserved

1, 3

4, 5

Reserved

- -

MC2chip

D32-D8

4KB

MCECC #1

256B

1, 8

MCECC #2

MCECCs (repeated)

Reserved

- -

3.5KB 1, 5, 8

- -

8KB

2KB

1, 2

1, 6

SCC #1 (Z85230)

SCC #2 (Z85230)

LAN (82596CA)

SCSI (53C710)

Reserved

2KB

D32

D32-D8

- -

4KB

64KB

128B

IP2 IP_a I/O

IP2 IP_a ID

D16

IP2 IP_b I/O

IP2 IP_b ID Read

1-31

Board Level Hardware Description

Table 1-5. Local I/O Devices Memory Map (Continued)

Address Range

Devices Accessed

Port

Size Notes

Width

$FFF58200 - $FFF5827F

$FFF58280 - $FFF582FF

$FFF58300 - $FFF5837F

$FFF58380 - $FFF583FF

$FFF58400 - $FFF584FF

$FFF58500 - $FFF585FF

$FFF58600 - $FFF586FF

$FFF58700 - $FFF587FF

$FFF58800 - $FFF5887F

$FFF58880 - $FFF588FF

$FFF58900 - $FFF5897F

$FFF58980 - $FFF589FF

IP2 IP_c I/O

D16

128B

IP2 IP_c ID

IP2 IP_d I/O

IP2 IP_d ID Read

IP2 IP_ab I/O

IP2 IP_cd I/O

IP2 IP_ab I/O Repeated

IP2 IP_cd I/O Repeated

Reserved

D32-D16 256B

- -

128B

256B

2KB

Reserved

- -

Reserved

- -

$FFF58A00 - $FFF58A7F Reserved

$FFF58A80 - $FFF58AFF Reserved

- -

$FFF58B00 - $FFF58B7F

$FFF58B80 - $FFF58BFF

Reserved

- -

$FFF58C00 - $FFF58CFF Reserved

$FFF58D00 - $FFF58DFF Reserved

- -

$FFF58E00 - $FFF58EFF

$FFF58F00 - $FFF58FFF

Reserved

- -

$FFFBC000 - $FFFBC01F IP2 Registers

$FFFBC800 - $FFFBC81F Reserved

D32-D8

- -

2KB

1-32

Memory Maps

Table 1-5. Local I/O Devices Memory Map (Continued)

Address Range

Devices Accessed

Port

Size Notes

Width

$FFFBD000 - $FFFBFFFF Reserved

- -

12KB

1, 9

$FFFC0000 - $FFFCFFFF M48T58 (BBRAM, TOD Clock) D32-D8 64KB

$FFFD0000 - $FFFEFFFF Reserved

Notes

- -

128KB

1. For a complete description of the register bits, refer to the data sheet for the specific chip.

For a more detailed memory map, refer to the MVME162LX Embedded Controller

ProgrammerÕs Reference Guide.

2. The SCC is an 8-bit device located on an MC2chip private data bus. Byte access is required.

3. Writes to the LCSR in the VMEchip2 must be 32 bits. LCSR writes of 8 or 16 bits terminate

with a TEA signal. Writes to the GCSR may be 8, 16 or 32 bits. Reads to the LCSR and GCSR

may be 8, 16 or 32 bits. Byte reads should be used to read the interrupt vector.

4. This area does not return an acknowledge signal. If the local bus timer is enabled, the

access times out and is terminated by a TEA signal.

5. Size is approximate.

6. Port commands to the 82596CA must be written as two 16-bit writes: upper word first and

lower word second.

7. Not used.

8. To use this area, the ECC mezzanine board must be installed. If it is not installed, no

acknowledge signal is returned; if the local bus timer is enabled, the access times out and

is terminated by a TEA signal.

9. Repeats on 8KB boundaries.

1-33

Board Level Hardware Description

VMEbus Memory Map

This section describes the mapping of local resources as viewed by

VMEbus masters. Default addresses for the slave, master, and

GCSR address decoders are provided by the ENV command. Refer

to Appendix A.

VMEbus Accesses to the Local Bus

The VMEchip2 includes a user-programmable map decoder for the

VMEbus-to-local-bus interface. The map decoder allows you to

program the starting and ending address and the modifiers that the

MVME162LX responds to.

VMEbus Short I/O Memory Map

The VMEchip2 includes a user-programmable map decoder for the

GCSR. The GCSR map decoder allows you to program the starting

address of the GCSR in the VMEbus short I/O space.

1-34

2Hardware Preparation and

Installation

Introduction

This chapter provides unpacking instructions, hardware

preparation guidelines, and installation instructions for the

700/800-series MVME162LX VME Embedded Controller.

Unpacking Instructions

Note If the shipping carton is damaged upon receipt, request

that the carrier's agent be present during the unpacking

and inspection of the equipment.

Unpack the equipment from the shipping carton. Refer to the

packing list and verify that all items are present. Save the packing

material for storing and reshipping of equipment.

Avoid touching areas of integrated circuitry; static

discharge can damage circuits.

Caution

Hardware Preparation

To select the desired configuration and ensure proper operation of

the MVME162LX, certain option modifications may be necessary

before installation. The MVME162LX provides software control for

most of these options. Some options cannot be modified in

software, and consequently are set by installing or removing

jumpers on headers. Most other modifications are performed by

setting bits in control registers after the MVME162LX has been

installed in a system. (The MVME162LX registers are described in

2-1

Hardware Preparation and Installation

Chapter 4, and/or in the MVME162FX Embedded Controller

Programmer's Reference Guide as listed in Related Documentation in

Chapter 1.)

Figure 2-1 illustrates the placement of the switches, jumper

headers, connectors, and LED indicators on the MVME162LX.

Manually configurable items on the board are listed in the

following table. Default settings are enclosed in brackets.

Table 2-1. Jumper Settings

Jumper

Function

Settings

Not system controller.

System controller.

System

controller

selection

No jumper

[1-2]

2-3

Auto system controller.

IP bus clock

selection

[1-2]

2-3

8MHz clock.

32MHz clock.

J11

J12

SCSI

termination

No jumper

[1-2]

Onboard terminators disabled.

Onboard terminators enabled.

No jumper

[1-3, 2-4]

3-5, 4-6

1-3, 4-6

3-5, 2-4

Backup power disabled.

SRAM backup

power source

selection

Primary : VMEbus +5V STBY Ñ secondary : VMEbus +5V STBY.

Primary : onboard battery Ñ secondary : onboard battery.

Primary : VMEbus +5V STBY Ñ secondary : onboard battery.

Primary : onboard battery Ñ secondary : VMEbus +5V STBY.

J14

Flash write

protection

[No jumper] Flash write protection on (writes disabled).

J16

J18

J19

1-2

Flash write protection off (writes enabled).

IP bus strobe

selection

No jumper

[1-2]

Strobe disconnected.

Strobe connected.

IP DMA snoop

selection

1-2, no jumper Snoop enabled (pins 1-2 = donÕt care).

[1-2, 3-4] Snoop inhibited.

3-4, 9-11, 10-12 256K x 8 EPROMs.

[5-6, 9-11, 8-10] 512K x 8 EPROMs.

EPROM/Flash

conÞguration

J20

J21

7-9, 8-10

1M x 8 EPROMs.

1-2, 7-9, 8-10 1M x 8 EPROMs (on-board Flash disabled).

General-

purpose

readable jumper

conÞguration

[No jumper] EPROM selected.

7-8

Flash selected.

Other headers are user-deÞnable (see description).

2-2

Hardware Preparation

MVME162LX embedded controllers are factory tested and shipped

with the default configurations listed above and described in the

following sections. The MVME162LXÕs required and factory-

installed debug monitor, MVME162Bug (162Bug), operates with

those factory settings.

System Controller Select Header (J1)

The MVME162LX is factory-configured as a VMEbus system

controller by a jumper across J1 pins 1 and 2. If you select the

ÔÔautomaticÕÕ system controller function by moving the jumper to J1

pins 2 and 3, the MVME162LX determines whether it is the system

controller by its position on the bus. If the board is in the first slot

from the left, it configures itself as the system controller. If the

MVME162LX is not to be system controller under any

circumstances, remove the jumper from J1. When the board is

functioning as system controller, the SCON LED is turned on.

Note For MVME162LXs without the optional VMEbus

interface (i.e., with no VMEchip2), the jumper may be

installed or removed without affecting normal

operation.

Not system controller

System Controller

(Factory

Auto system controller

Conﬁguration)

2-3

Hardware Preparation and Installation

MVME

162-7XX

FAIL

RUN

DS1

DS2

FUSES

SCON

ABORT

RESET

Figure 2-1. MVME162LX Board Layout

2-4

Hardware Preparation

IP Bus Clock Header (J11)

J11 selects the speed of the IP bus clock. You can either set the IP bus

clock to 8MHz or allow it to match the the local bus clock, which is

32MHz for the MC68040. The factory configuration has a jumper

between J11 pins 1 and 2 for an 8MHz clock.

If the jumper is installed between J11 pins 2 and 3, the IP bus clock

speed is the same as that of the MC68040 bus clock, that is 32MHz,

allowing the IP module to run with a 32MHz MPU. Regardless of

the IP bus clock setting, all IP ports operate at the same speed.

The IP32 CSR bit (IP2 chip, register at offset $1D, bit 0)

must be set to correspond to the jumper setting. This is

cleared (0) for 8MHz, or set (1) for 32MHz. If the jumper

and the bit are not configured the same, the board may

not run properly.

Caution

J11

8MHz IP Bus Clock

(Factory conﬁguration)

32MHz IP Bus Clock

(from MPU Bus Clock)

2-5

Hardware Preparation and Installation

SCSI Terminator Enable Header (J12)

The MVME162LX provides terminators for the SCSI bus. The SCSI

terminators are enabled/disabled by a jumper on header J12. The

SCSI terminators may be configured as follows.

J12

Onboard SCSI Bus Terminator Enabled

(Factory Conﬁguration)

Onboard SCSI Bus Terminator Disabled

Note If the MVME162LX is to be used at one end of the SCSI

bus, the SCSI bus terminators must be enabled.

SRAM Backup Power Source Select Header (J14)

Header J14 determines the source for onboard static RAM backup

power on the MVME162LX.

The following backup power configurations are available for

onboard SRAM through header J14. In the factory configuration,

the VMEbus +5V standby voltage serves as primary and secondary

power source (the onboard battery is disconnected).

Note For MVME162LXs without the optional VMEbus

interface (i.e., without the VMEchip2 ASIC), you must

select the onboard battery as the backup power source.

2-6

Hardware Preparation

Removing all jumpers may temporarily disable the

SRAM. Do not remove all jumpers from J14, except for

storage.

Caution

J14

Primary Source VMEbus +5V STBY

Secondary Source VMEbus +5V STBY

(Factory conﬁguration)

Backup Power Disabled

(For storage only)

Primary Source Onboard Battery

Secondary Source Onboard Battery

J14

Primary Source VMEbus +5V STBY

Secondary Source Onboard Battery

Primary Source Onboard Battery

Secondary Source VMEbus +5V STBY

Flash Write Protect Header (J16)

The firmware resident in Flash memory is originally loaded at the

factory, but the Flash contents can be reprogrammed if necessary.

To prevent inadvertent overwriting of the Flash memory, header

J16 provides write protection. With a jumper installed on J16, the

Flash memory can be written to via normal software routines.

When the jumper is removed (the factory configuration), Flash

memory cannot be written to.

J16

Flash write-protected

(Factory conﬁguration)

2-7

Hardware Preparation and Installation

IP Bus Strobe Select Header (J18)

Some IP bus implementations make use of the Strobe∗ signal (pin

46) as an input to the IP modules from the IP2 chip. Other IP

interfaces require that the strobe be disconnected.

With a jumper installed between J18 pins 1 and 2, a programmable

frequency source is connected to the Strobe∗ signal on the IP bus

(for details, refer to the IP2 chip programming model in the

MVME162LX Embedded Controller ProgrammerÕs Reference Guide).

If the jumper is removed from J18, the strobe line is available for a

sideband type of messaging between IP modules. The Strobe∗

signal is not connected to any active devices on the board, but it

may be connected to a pull-up resistor.

J18

IP Strobe disconnected

IP Strobe connected

(Factory conﬁguration)

IP DMA Snoop Control Header (J19)

The jumpers on header J19 define the state of the snoop control bus

when an IP DMA controller is local bus master. Placing a jumper on

J19 pins 3 to 4 inhibits snooping (the snoop signal to the MC68040

is driven low during IP DMA). Leaving pins 3 and 4 unconnected

enables snooping. Pins 1 and 2 are not used for the MC68040.

J19

Snoop Inhibited

(Factory conﬁguration)

2-8

Hardware Preparation

The following table lists the snoop operations represented by the

setting of J19.

Table 2-2. J19 Snoop Control Encoding

Pins

1-2

Pins

3-4

Snoop Operation

Snoop disabled

Snoop enabled

X = donÕt care

Jumper installed = logic 0

Jumper removed = logic 1

EPROM/Flash Conﬁguration Header (J20)

The MVME162LX can be ordered with 2MB of Flash memory and

two EPROM sockets ready for the installation of the EPROMs,

which may be ordered separately. The EPROM locations are

standard JEDEC 32-pin DIP sockets. The EPROM sockets

accommodate three jumper-selectable densities (256 Kbit x 8; 512

Kbit x 8 Ñ the default configuration; 1 Mbit x 8) and permit

disabling of the Flash memory.

Header J20 provides eight jumper locations to configure the

EPROM sockets.

2-9

Hardware Preparation and Installation

J20

CONFIGURATION 2: 512K x 8 EPROMs

(FACTORY DEFAULT)

CONFIGURATION 1: 256K x 8 EPROMs

J20

CONFIGURATION 3: 1M x 8 EPROMs

CONFIGURATION 4: 1M x 8 EPROMs

ONBOARD FLASH DISABLED

The next four tables show the address range for each EPROM

socket in all four configurations. GPI3 (J21 pins 7-8) is a control bit

in the MC2chip ASIC that determines whether reset code is fetched

from Flash memory or from EPROMs.

2-10

Hardware Preparation

Table 2-3. EPROM/Flash Mapping — 256K x 8 EPROMs

GPI3

Address Range

Device Accessed

Removed

$FF800000 - $FF83FFFF EPROM A (XU1)

$FF840000 - $FF87FFFF EPROM B (XU2)

$FFA00000 - $FFBFFFFF Onboard Flash

$FF800000 - $FF9FFFFF Onboard Flash

$FFA00000 - $FFA3FFFF EPROM A (XU1)

$FFA40000 - $FFA7FFFF EPROM B (XU2)

Installed

Table 2-4. EPROM/Flash Mapping — 512K x 8 EPROMs

GPI3

Address Range

Device Accessed

Removed

$FF800000 - $FF87FFFF EPROM A (XU1)

$FF880000 - $FF8FFFFF EPROM B (XU2)

$FFA00000 - $FFBFFFFF Onboard Flash

$FF800000 - $FF9FFFFF Onboard Flash

$FFA00000 - $FFA7FFFF EPROM A (XU1)

$FFA80000 - $FFAFFFFF EPROM B (XU2)

Installed

Table 2-5. EPROM/Flash Mapping — 1M x 8 EPROMs

GPI3

Address Range

Device Accessed

Removed

$FF800000 - $FF8FFFFF EPROM A (XU1)

$FF900000 - $FF9FFFFF EPROM B (XU2)

$FFA00000 - $FFBFFFFF Onboard Flash

$FF800000 - $FF9FFFFF Onboard Flash

$FFA00000 - $FFAFFFFF EPROM A (XU1)

$FFB00000 - $FFBFFFFF EPROM B (XU2)

Installed

2-11

Hardware Preparation and Installation

Table 2-6. EPROM/Flash Mapping — 1M x 8 EPROMs, Onboard Flash

Disabled

GPI3

Address Range

Device Accessed

Removed

$FF800000 - $FF8FFFFF EPROM A (XU1)

$FF900000 - $FF9FFFFF EPROM B (XU2)

Not used

Onboard Flash

Installed

$FF800000 - $FF8FFFFF EPROM A (XU1)

$FF900000 - $FF9FFFFF EPROM B (XU2)

General-Purpose Readable Jumpers Header (J21)

Header J21 provides eight readable jumpers. These jumpers are

read as a register (at $FFF4202D) in the MC2chip LCSR (local

control/status register). The bit values are read as a 0 when the

jumper is installed, and as a 1 when the jumper is removed.

With the factory-installed MVME162BUG firmware in place, four

jumpers are user-definable (pins 9-10, 11-12, 13-14, 15-16). If the

MVME162BUG firmware is removed, seven jumpers are user-

definable (i.e., pins 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 9-10, 11-12, 13-14, 15-16).

Note Pins 7-8 (GPI3) are reserved to select either the Flash

memory map (jumper installed) or the EPROM

memory map (jumper removed). They are not user-

definable. The address ranges for the various

EPROM/Flash configurations appear in the section on

header J20.

In most cases, the MVME162LX is shipped from the factory with J21

set to all zeros (jumpers on all pins) except for GPI3 (pins 7-8). On

boards built with the no-VMEbus option, however, GPI3 is jumpered

as well.

2-12

Hardware Preparation

162BUG INSTALLED

USER CODE INSTALLED

J21

GPI7 15

GPI6

USER-DEFINABLE

IN=FLASH; OUT=EPROM

USER-DEFINABLE

GPI5

USER-DEFINABLE

GPI4

USER-DEFINABLE

GPI3

GPI2

GPI1

GPI0

IN=FLASH; OUT=EPROM

REFER TO 162BUG MANUAL

EPROMs Selected (factory conﬁguration except on no-VMEbus models)

Memory Mezzanine Options

The 700/800-series MVME162LX has two 100-pin connectors (J15

and J22) to accommodate optional memory mezzanine boards. Two

memory mezzanine options are available:

❏ 4/8/16MB parity DRAM

❏ 4/8/16/32MB ECC DRAM

The mezzanine boards may either be used individually or be

combined in a stack (not more than two deep). The following

connector options govern stacking arrangements:

❏ The 4/8/16MB parity DRAM board has connectors on the

bottom only; it must be either the only mezzanine or the top

mezzanine.

❏ All ECC DRAM boards have two connector options:

Ð Connectors top and bottom for stackability

Ð Connectors on the bottom only; must be either the only

mezzanine or the top mezzanine

2-13

Hardware Preparation and Installation

When the mezzanines are stacked, the following combinations are

possible:

Table 2-7. Memory Mezzanine Stacking Options

Upper

Mezzanine

Parity

DRAM

ECC

DRAM

None

Lower

Parity

ECC

Mezzanine

DRAM

Note When equipped with a single memory mezzanine,

MVME162LX VMEmodules maintain a single VME

slot width. With two memory mezzanines, the

MVME162LX extends into the adjacent VME slot. The

latter versions have double-wide front panels.

Installation Instructions

This section covers:

❏ Installation of IndustryPacks (IPs) on the MVME162LX

❏ Installation of the MVME162LX in a VME chassis

❏ System considerations relevant to the installation.

Before installing IndustryPacks, ensure that EPROM devices are

installed as needed and that all header jumpers are configured as

desired.

2-14

Installation Instructions

IP Installation on the MVME162LX

Up to two IPs may be installed on the 700/800-series MVME162LX.

Install the IPs on the board as follows:

1. Each IP has two 50-pin connectors that plug into two

corresponding 50-pin connectors on the MVME162LX: J5/J6,

J7/J8. See Figure 2-1 for the MVME162LX connector

locations.

Ð Orient the IP(s) so that the tapered connector shells mate

properly. Plug IP_a into connectors J5 and J6; plug IP_b

into J7 and J8. If a double-sized IP is used, plug IP_ab into

J5, J6, J7, and J8.

2. Two additional 50-pin connectors (J3 and J4) are provided

behind the MVME162LX front panel for external cabling

connections to the IP modules. There is a one-to-one

correspondence between the signals on the cabling

connectors and the signals on the associated IP connectors

(i.e., J4 has the same IP_a signals as J5; J3 has the same IP_b

signals as J7).

Ð Connect user-supplied 50-pin cables to J3 and J4 as

needed. Because of the varying requirements for each

different kind of IP, Motorola does not supply these

cables.

Ð Bring the IP cables out the narrow slot in the MVME162LX

front panel and attach them to the appropriate external

equipment, depending on the nature of the particular

IP(s).

2-15

Hardware Preparation and Installation

MVME162LX Installation

With EPROMs and IPs installed and headers properly configured,

proceed as follows to install the MVME162LX in the VME chassis:

1. Turn all equipment power OFF and disconnect the power

cable from the AC power source.

Inserting or removing modules while power is applied

could result in damage to module components.

Caution

Dangerous voltages, capable of causing death, are

present in this equipment. Use extreme caution when

handling, testing, and adjusting.

Warning

2. Remove the chassis cover as instructed in the user's manual

for the equipment.

3. Remove the filler panel from the card slot where you are

going to install the MVME162LX.

Ð If you intend to use the MVME162LX as system controller,

it must occupy the leftmost card slot (slot 1). The system

controller must be in slot 1 to correctly initiate the bus-

grant daisy-chain and to ensure proper operation of the

IACK daisy-chain driver.

Ð If you do not intend to use the MVME162LX as system

controller, it can occupy any unused double-height card

slot.

4. Slide the MVME162LX into the selected card slot. Be sure the

module is seated properly in the P1 and P2 connectors on the

backplane. Do not damage or bend connector pins.

5. Secure the MVME162LX in the chassis with the screws

provided, making good contact with the transverse mounting

rails to minimize RF emissions.

2-16

Installation Instructions

6. On the chassis backplane, remove the INTERRUPT

ACKNOWLEDGE (IACK) and BUS GRANT (BG) jumpers from

the header for the card slot occupied by the MVME162LX.

Note Some VME backplanes (e.g., those used in Motorola

ÔÔModular ChassisÕÕ systems) have an autojumpering

feature for automatic propagation of the IACK and BG

signals. Step 6 does not apply to such backplane

designs.

7. Connect the appropriate cable(s) to the MVME162LX panel

connectors for the EIA-232-D serial ports, SCSI port, and LAN

Ethernet port.

Ð Note that some cables are not provided with the

MVME162LX and must be made or purchased by the user.

(Motorola recommends shielded cable for all peripheral

connections to minimize radiation.)

8. Connect the peripheral(s) to the cable(s).

9. Install any other required VMEmodules in the system.

10. Replace the chassis cover.

11. Connect the power cable to the AC power source and turn the

equipment power ON.

2-17

Hardware Preparation and Installation

System Considerations

The 700/800-series MVME162LX draws power from both the P1

and the P2 connectors on the VMEbus backplane. P2 is also used for

the upper 16 bits of data in 32-bit transfers, and for the upper 8

address lines in extended addressing mode. The MVME162LX may

not operate properly without its main board connected to VMEbus

backplane connectors P1 and P2.

Whether the MVME162LX operates as VMEbus master or as

VMEbus slave, it is configured for 32 bits of address and 32 bits of

data (A32/D32). However, it handles A16 or A24 devices in the

address ranges indicated in Chapter 3. D8 and/or D16 devices in

the system must be handled by the MC68040 software. Refer to the

memory maps in the MVME162LX Embedded Controller

ProgrammerÕs Reference Guide.

The MVME162LX contains shared onboard DRAM whose base

address is software-selectable. Both the onboard processor and

offboard VMEbus devices see this local DRAM at base physical

address $00000000, as programmed by the MVME162Bug

firmware. This may be changed via software to any other base

address. Refer to the MVME162LX Embedded Controller

ProgrammerÕs Reference Guide for more information.

If the MVME162LX tries to access offboard resources in a

nonexistent location and is not system controller, and if the system

does not have a global bus timeout, the MVME162LX waits forever

for the VMEbus cycle to complete. This will cause the system to lock

up. There is only one situation in which the system might lack this

global bus timeout: when the MVME162LX is not the system

controller and there is no global bus timeout elsewhere in the

system.

Multiple MVME162LXs may be installed in a single VME chassis. In

general, hardware multiprocessor features are supported.

2-18

Installation Instructions

Note If you are installing multiple MVME162LXs in an

MVME945 chassis, do not install one in slot 12. The

height of the IP modules may cause clearance

difficulties in that slot position.

Other MPUs on the VMEbus can interrupt, disable, communicate

with, and determine the operational status of the processor(s). One

four bits that function as location monitors to allow one

MVME162LX processor to broadcast a signal to any other

MVME162LX processors. All eight registers are accessible from any

local processor as well as from the VMEbus.

The following circuits are protected by solid-state fuses that open

during overload conditions: LAN/AUI, SCSI terminator, remote

reset connector, IndustryPack 5V, and ±12V.

The FUSES LED illuminates to indicate that all fuses are functioning

correctly. If a fuse opens, you will have to remove power for several

minutes to let the fuse reset to a closed or shorted condition.

The MVME162LX uses two Zilog Z85230 serial port controllers to

implement the four serial communications interfaces. Each

interface supports CTS, DCD, RTS, and DTR control signals as well

as the TXD and RXD transmit/receive data signals. Because the

serial clocks are omitted in the MVME162LX implementation, serial

communications are strictly asynchronous. The Z85230 is

interfaced as DTE (data terminal equipment) with EIA-232-D signal

levels. The serial ports are routed to four RJ-45 connectors on the

front panel

The figures on the following pages supply connection diagrams for

the four serial ports on the MVME162LX. These ports are connected

to external devices through cables connected to the front panel.

2-19

Hardware Preparation and Installation

Figure 2-2 diagrams the pin assignments required in a cable to

adapt a DB-25 DTE device to the RJ-45 connectors.

DB-25 DTE DEVICE

RJ-45 JACK

DSR

DCD

RTS

TXD

RXD

CTS

DTR 20

Figure 2-2. DB-25 DTE-to-RJ-45 Adapter

Figure 2-3 diagrams the pin assignments required in a cable to

adapt a DB-25 DCE device to a RJ-45 connector.

DB-25 DCE DEVICE

RJ-45 JACK

DTR 20

CTS

RXD

TXD

RTS

DCD

Figure 2-3. DB-25 DCE-to-RJ-45 Adapter

2-20

Installation Instructions

Figure 2-4 diagrams the pin assignments required in a typical 8-

conductor serial cable having RJ-45 connectors at both ends. Note

that all wires are crossed.

RJ-45 CONNECTOR

DCD

RTS

TXD

RXD

CTS

DTR

Figure 2-4. Typical RJ-45 Serial Cable

2-21

Hardware Preparation and Installation

2-22

3Debugger General Information

Overview of M68000 Firmware

The firmware for the M68000-based (68K) series of board and

system level products has a common genealogy, deriving from the

debugger firmware currently used on all Motorola M68000-based

CPU modules. The M68000 firmware family provides a high degree

of functionality and user friendliness, and yet stresses portability

and ease of maintenance. The M68000 firmware implementation on

the 700/800-series MVME162LX MC68040-based Embedded

Controller is known as the MVME162Bug, or 162Bug. It includes

diagnostics for testing and configuring IndustryPack modules.

Description of 162Bug

The 162Bug package, MVME162Bug, is a powerful evaluation and

debugging tool for systems built around the MVME162LX CISC-

based microcomputers. Facilities are available for loading and

executing user programs under complete operator control for

system evaluation. 162Bug includes commands for display and

modification of memory, breakpoint and tracing capabilities, a

powerful assembler/disassembler useful for patching programs,

and a power-up self test which verifies the integrity of the system.

Various 162Bug routines that handle I/O, data conversion, and

string functions are available to user programs through the TRAP

#15 system calls.

162Bug consists of three parts:

❏ A command-driven user-interactive software debugger,

described in Chapter 4 and hereinafter referred to as ÔÔthe

debuggerÕÕ or ÔÔ162BugÕÕ.

3-1

Debugger General Information

❏ A command-driven diagnostic package for the MVME162LX

hardware, described in the MVME162Bug Diagnostics Manual

and hereinafter referred to as ÔÔthe diagnosticsÕÕ.

❏ A user interface that accepts commands from the system

console terminal.

When using 162Bug, you operate out of either the debugger

directory or the diagnostic directory. If you are in the debugger

directory, the debugger prompt

162-Bug>

is displayed and you have all of the debugger commands at your

disposal. If you are in the diagnostic directory, the diagnostic

prompt

162-Diag>

is displayed and you have all of the diagnostic commands at your

disposal as well as all of the debugger commands. You may switch

between directories by using the Switch Directories (SD) command,

or you may examine the commands in your current directory by

using the Help (HE) command.

Because 162Bug is command-driven, it performs its various

operations in response to user commands entered at the keyboard.

When you enter a command, 162Bug executes the command and

the prompt reappears. However, if you enter a command that

causes execution of user target code (for example, GO), then control

may or may not return to 162Bug, depending on the outcome of the

user program.

If you have used one or more of Motorola's other debugging

packages, you will find the CISC 162Bug very similar. Some effort

has also been made to make the interactive commands more

consistent. For example, delimiters between commands and

arguments may now be commas or spaces interchangeably.

3-2

162Bug Implementation

MVME162Bug is written largely in the ÔÔCÕÕ programming

language, providing benefits of portability and maintainability.

Where necessary, assembler has been used in the form of separately

compiled modules containing only assembler code Ñ no mixed

language modules are used.

Physically, 162Bug is contained in a single 27C040 DIP EPROM

installed in socket XU2, providing 512KB (128K longwords) of

storage. As an option, the 162Bug firmware can be loaded and

executed in a single Flash memory chip. The executable code is

checksummed at every power-on or reset firmware entry, and the

result (which includes a pre-calculated checksum contained in the

memory devices), is tested for an expected zero. Thus, users are

cautioned against modification of the memory devices unless re-

checksum precautions are taken.

Installation and Startup

Follow the steps below to operate 162Bug with the MVME162LX

module. 162Bug is factory-installed in EPROM, except in the no-

VMEbus case.

Inserting or removing boards while power is applied

could damage board components.

Caution

1. Turn all equipment power OFF. Refer to the Hardware

Preparation section in Chapter 2 and install/remove jumpers

on headers as required for your particular application.

Jumpers on header J21 affect 162Bug operation as described

below. The default condition for the MVME162LX is with

seven jumpers installed, between pins 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 9-10, 11-

12, 13-14, and 15-16 (no jumper between pins 7-8).

3-3

Debugger General Information

Models with no VMEbus interface have a jumper between

pins 7-8 as well.

These readable jumpers are read as a register (at $FFF4202D)

on the Memory Controller (MC2chip) ASIC. The bit values

are read as a zero when the jumper is installed, and as a one

when the jumper is removed. This jumper block (header J21)

contains eight bits. Refer also to the MVME162LX Embedded

Controller Programmer's Reference Guide for more information

on the MC2chip.

The MVME162Bug reserves/defines the four lower order bits

(GPI3 to GPI0). The following is the description for the bits

reserved/defined by the debugger:

Bit

J21 Pins Description

Bit #0 (GPI0)

1-2

3-4

When set to 1 (high), instructs the debugger to

use local Static RAM for its work page (i.e.,

variables, stack, vector tables, etc.).

Bit #1 (GPI1)

When set to 1 (high), instructs the debugger to

use the default setup/operation parameters in

Flash or ROM versus the user setup/operation

parameters in Non-Volatile RAM (NVRAM).

This is the same as depressing the RESET and

ABORT switches at the same time. This feature

can be used in the event the user setup is

corrupted or does not meet a sanity check. Refer

to the ENV command (Appendix A) for the

Flash/ROM defaults.

Bit #2 (GPI2)

Bit #3 (GPI3)

5-6

7-8

Reserved for future use.

When this bit is a zero (low), it informs the

debugger that it is executing out of the Flash

memories. When this bit is a one (high), it

informs the debugger that it is executing out of

the PROM.

Bit #4 (GPI4)

Bit #5 (GPI5)

Bit #6 (GPI6)

Bit #7 (GPI7)

9-10

11-12

13-14

15-16

Open to your application.

3-4

Installation and Startup

Note that when the MVME162LX comes up in a cold reset,

162Bug runs in Board Mode. Using the Environment (ENV) or

MENU commands can make 162Bug run in System Mode.

Refer to Appendix A for details.

2. Configure header J1 by installing/removing a jumper

between pins 1 and 2. A jumper installed/removed

enables/disables the system controller function of the

MVME162LX.

3. The jumper on header J11 configures the IP bus clock for

either 8MHz or 32MHz. The factory configuration puts a

jumper between J11 pins 1 and 2 for an 8MHz clock. Verify

that this setting is appropriate for your application.

4. The jumper on header J18 enables/disables the IP bus strobe

function on the MVME162LX. The factory configuration puts

a jumper between J18 pins 1 and 2 to connect the Strobe∗

signal to the IP2 chip. Verify that the strobe line should be

connected in your application.

5. The jumpers on header J19 enable/disable the IP DMA snoop

function on the MVME162LX. The factory configuration has

J19 fully jumpered to inhibit the snoop function. Verify that

snooping should be disabled in your IP DMA application.

6. Refer to the setup procedure for your particular chassis or

system for details concerning the installation of the

MVME162LX.

7. Connect the terminal that is to be used as the 162Bug system

console to the default debug EIA-232-D port at serial port 1 on

the front panel of the MVME162LX. Refer to Chapter 2 for

other connection options. Set up the terminal as follows:

Ð eight bits per character

Ð one stop bit per character

Ð parity disabled (no parity)

Ð baud rate 9600 baud (default baud rate of MVME162LX

ports at powerup)

3-5

Debugger General Information

After power-up, you can reconfigure the baud rate of the

debug port if necessary by using the 162Bug firmwareÕs Port

Format (PF) command.

Note In order for high-baud rate serial communication

between 162Bug and the terminal to work, the terminal

must do some form of handshaking. If the terminal

being used does not do hardware handshaking via the

CTS line, then it must do XON/XOFF handshaking. If

you get garbled messages and missing characters, then

you should check the terminal to make sure

XON/XOFF handshaking is enabled.

8. If you want to connect devices (such as a host computer

system and/or a serial printer) to the other EIA-232-D port

connectors, connect the appropriate cables and configure the

port(s) as detailed in step 4 above. After power-up, you can

reconfigure this (these) port(s) by programming the

MVME162LX Z85230 Serial Communications Controllers

(SCCs), or by using the 162Bug PF command.

9. EPROM/Flash configuration header J20 should be set to

configuration 2, with jumpers between J20 pins 5 and 6, 8 and

10, and 9 and 11. This sets it up for 512K x 8 EPROMs.

10. Power up the system. 162Bug executes some self-checks and

displays the debugger prompt

162-Bug>

(if 162Bug is in Board Mode). However, if the ENV command

(Appendix A) has put 162Bug in System Mode, the system

performs a selftest and tries to autoboot. Refer to the ENV and

MENU commands (Table 4-3).

If the confidence test fails, the test is aborted when the first

fault is encountered. If possible, an appropriate message is

displayed, and control then returns to the menu.

3-6

Autoboot

11. Before using the MVME162LX after the initial installation, set

the date and time using the following command line

structure:

162-Bug>SET [mmddyyhhmm]|[<+/-CAL>;C]

For example, the following command line starts the real-time

clock and sets the date and time to 10:37 a.m., November 7,

1997:

162-Bug>SET 1107971037

The boardÕs self-tests and operating systems require that the

real-time clock be running.

Prom Versions

When you are using a PROM version of the 162Bug (e.g., in the case

of the 700/800-series MVME162LX) and you wish to execute the

debugger out of Flash memory rather than from PROM in

subsequent sessions, proceed as follows after the board is up and

running:

1. Install a jumper across J16 pins 1-2 to enable Flash writes.

2. Copy the PROM contents to Flash memory with the PFLASH

command as follows:

162-Bug> PFLASH FF800000:80000 FFA00000

3. Remove the jumper from J16 pins 1-2 to disable subsequent

Flash writes.

4. Install a jumper at J21 pins 7 and 8. (162Bug always executes

from memory location FF800000; the state of J21 determines

whether that location is in PROM or Flash.)

Autoboot

Autoboot is a software routine that is contained in the 162Bug

Flash/PROM to provide an independent mechanism for booting an

operating system. This autoboot routine automatically scans for

3-7

Debugger General Information

controllers and devices in a specified sequence until a valid

bootable device containing a boot media is found or the list is

exhausted. If a valid bootable device is found, a boot from that

device is started. The controller scanning sequence goes from the

lowest controller Logical Unit Number (LUN) detected to the

highest LUN detected. Controllers, devices, and their LUNs are

listed in Appendix B.

At powerup, Autoboot is enabled, and providing the drive and

controller numbers encountered are valid, the following message is

displayed upon the system console:

Autoboot in progress... To abort hit <BREAK>

Following this message there is a delay to allow you an opportunity

to abort the Autoboot process if you wish. Then the actual I/O is

begun: the program pointed to within the volume ID of the media

specified is loaded into RAM and control passed to it. If, however,

during this time you want to gain control without Autoboot, you

can press the <BREAK> key or the software ABORT or RESET

switches.

Autoboot is controlled by parameters contained in the ENV

command. These parameters allow the selection of specific boot

devices and files, and allow programming of the Boot delay. Refer

to the ENV command in Appendix A for more details.

Although streaming tape can be used to autoboot, the

same power supply must be connected to the streaming

tape drive, the controller, and the MVME162LX. At

powerup, the tape controller will position the streaming

tape to load point where the volume ID can correctly be

read and used.

Caution

If, however, the MVME162LX loses power but the

controller does not, and the tape happens to be at load

point, the sequences of commands required (attach and

rewind) cannot be given to the controller and autoboot

will not be successful.

3-8

ROMboot

As shipped from the factory, 162Bug occupies an EPROM installed

in socket XU2. This leaves one socket (XU1) and the Flash memory

available for your use. Contact your Motorola sales office for

assistance. This function is configured/enabled by the

Environment (ENV) command (refer to Appendix A) and executed

at powerup (optionally also at reset) or by the RB command

assuming there is valid code in the memory devices (or optionally

elsewhere on the board or VMEbus) to support it. If ROMboot code

is installed, a user-written routine is given control (if the routine

meets the format requirements). One use of ROMboot might be

resetting SYSFAIL* on an unintelligent controller module. The

NORB command disables the function.

For a user's ROMboot module to gain control through the

ROMboot linkage, four requirements must be met:

❏ Power must have just been applied (but the ENV command

can change this to also respond to any reset).

❏ Your routine must be located within the MVME162LX

Flash/PROM memory map (but the ENV command can

change this to any other portion of the onboard memory, or

even offboard VMEbus memory).

❏ The ASCII string ÔÔBOOTÕÕ must be located within the

specified memory range.

❏ Your routine must pass a checksum test, which ensures that

this routine was really intended to receive control at

powerup.

For complete details on how to use ROMboot, refer to the

Debugging Package for Motorola 68K CISC CPUs User's Manual.

3-9

Debugger General Information

Network Boot

Network Auto Boot is a software routine contained in the 162Bug

Flash/PROM that provides a mechanism for booting an operating

system using a network (local Ethernet interface) as the boot device.

If enabled (via ENV Ñ refer to Appendix A), the Network Auto

Boot routine automatically scans for controllers and devices in a

specified sequence until a valid bootable device containing a boot

media is found or the list is exhausted. If a valid bootable device is

found, a boot from that device is started. The controller scanning

sequence goes from the lowest controller Logical Unit Number

(LUN) detected to the highest LUN detected. (Refer to Appendix C

for default LUNs.)

At powerup, if Network Boot is enabled and the controller and

device LUNs are valid, the following message is displayed at the

system console:

Network Boot in progress... To abort hit <BREAK>

Following this message there is a delay to let you abort the autoboot

process if you wish. Then the actual I/O is begun: the program

pointed to within the volume ID of the media specified is loaded

into RAM and control passed to it. If, however, during this time you

want to gain control without Network Boot, you can press the

<BREAK> key or the software ABORT or RESET switches.

Network Auto Boot is controlled by parameters contained in the

NIOT and ENV commands. These parameters allow the selection of

specific boot devices, systems, and files, and allow programming of

the Boot delay. Refer to the ENV command in Appendix A for more

details.

Restarting the System

You can initialize the system to a known state in three different

ways: reset, abort, and break. Each has characteristics which make

it more appropriate than the others in certain situations.

3-10

Restarting the System

The debugger has a special feature available for reset conditions.

You activate it by pressing the RESET and ABORT switches at the

same time, releasing RESET first, then releasing ABORT seven

seconds later.

This ÔÔdouble-button resetÕÕ feature instructs the debugger to use

the default setup/operation parameters in ROM versus your

setup/operation parameters in NVRAM. You can use this feature

in the event your setup/operation parameters are corrupted or do

not meet a sanity check. Refer to the ENV command (Appendix A)

for the ROM defaults.

Reset

Pressing and releasing the MVME162LX front panel RESET switch

initiates a system reset. COLD and WARM reset modes are

available. By default, 162Bug is in COLD mode. During COLD

resets, a total system initialization takes place, as if the

MVME162LX had just been powered up. All static variables

(including disk device and controller parameters) are restored to

their default states. The breakpoint table and offset registers are

cleared. The target registers are invalidated. Input and output

character queues are cleared. Onboard devices (timer, serial ports,

etc.) are reset, and the two serial ports are reconfigured to their

default state.

During WARM resets, the 162Bug variables and tables are

preserved, as well as the target state registers and breakpoints.

Reset must be used if the processor ever halts, or if the 162Bug

environment is ever lost (vector table is destroyed, stack corrupted,

etc.).

Abort

The Abort function is invoked by pressing and releasing the ABORT

switch on the MVME162LX front panel. Whenever abort is invoked

when executing a user program (running target code), a snapshot

of the processor state is captured and stored in the target registers.

3-11

Debugger General Information

For this reason, abort is most appropriate when terminating a user

program that is being debugged. Abort should be used to regain

control if the program gets caught in a loop, etc. The target PC,

Pressing and releasing the ABORT switch generates a local board

condition which may interrupt the processor if enabled. The target

registers, reflecting the machine state at the time the ABORT switch

was pressed, are displayed on the screen. Any breakpoints installed

in your code are removed and the breakpoint table remains intact.

Control is returned to the debugger.

Break

A ÔÔpower-breakÕÕ is generated by pressing and releasing the

<BREAK> key on the terminal keyboard. Break does not generate

an interrupt. The only time break is recognized is when characters

are sent or received by the console port. Break removes any

breakpoints in your code and keeps the breakpoint table intact.

Break also takes a snapshot of the machine state if the function was

entered using SYSCALL. This machine state is then accessible to

you for diagnostic purposes.

Many times it may be desirable to terminate a debugger command

before its completion Ñ during the display of a large block of

memory, for example. Break allows you to terminate the command.

SYSFAIL* Assertion/Negation

Upon entering a reset/powerup condition, the debugger asserts the

VMEbus SYSFAIL∗ line (refer to the VMEbus specification).

SYSFAIL∗ stays asserted if any of the following has occurred:

❏ Confidence test failure

❏ NVRAM checksum error

❏ NVRAM low battery condition

❏ Local memory configuration status

3-12

Memory Requirements

❏ self test (if system mode) has completed with error

❏ MPU clock speed calculation failure

After debugger initialization is done and none of the above

situations have occurred, the SYSFAIL∗ line is negated. This

indicates to the user or VMEbus masters the state of the debugger.

In a multi-computer configuration, other VMEbus masters could

view the pertinent control and status registers to determine which

CPU is asserting SYSFAIL∗. SYSFAIL∗ assertion/negation is also

affected by the ENV command. Refer to Appendix A.

MPU Clock Speed Calculation

The clock speed of the microprocessor is calculated and checked

against a user definable parameter housed in NVRAM (refer to the

CNFG command description in Appendix A). If the check fails, a

warning message is displayed. The calculated clock speed is also

checked against known clock speeds and tolerances.

Memory Requirements

The program portion of 162Bug is approximately 512KB of code,

consisting of download, debugger, and diagnostic packages and

contained entirely in Flash or PROM.

The 162Bug executes from $FF800000 whether in Flash or PROM. If

you remove the jumper at J21 pins 7 and 8, the address spaces of the

Flash and PROM are swapped. For 700/800-series MVME162LX

boards, the factory shipping configuration is with jumper J21 pins

7-8 removed (so that 162Bug operates out of EPROM).

The 162Bug initial stack completely changes 8KB of SRAM memory

at addresses offset $C000 from the SRAM base address, at power-

up or reset.

3-13

Debugger General Information

Type of Memory Present

A single DRAM mezzanine

A single SRAM mezzanine

Default

DRAM Base

Address

Default SRAM

Base Address

$00000000

$FFE00000

(onboard

SRAM)

N/A

$00000000

$E1000000

A DRAM mezzanine stacked with an SRAM

mezzanine

$00000000

Two DRAM mezzanines stacked

$00000000

$FFE00000

(onboard

SRAM)

DRAM can be ECC or parity type. DRAM mezzanines are mapped

in contiguously starting at zero ($00000000), largest first. With two

mezzanines of the same size but different type, parity DRAM is

mapped to the selected base address and the ECC mezzanine will

follow. If both are ECC type, the bottom one is first.

The 162Bug requires 2KB of NVRAM for storage of board

configuration, communication, and booting parameters. This

storage area begins at $FFFC16F8 and ends at $FFFC1EF7 (for

details, refer to the maps in the MVME162LX Embedded Controller

ProgrammerÕs Reference Guide).

162Bug requires a minimum of 64KB of contiguous read/write

memory to operate. The ENV command controls where this block

of memory is located. Regardless of where the onboard RAM is

located, the first 64KB is used for 162Bug stack and static variable

space and the rest is reserved as user space. Whenever the

MVME162LX is reset, the target PC is initialized to the address

corresponding to the beginning of the user space, and the target

stack pointers are initialized to addresses within the user space,

with the target Interrupt Stack Pointer (ISP) set to the top of the user

space.

3-14

Disk I/O Support

162Bug can initiate disk input/output by communicating with

intelligent disk controller modules over the VMEbus. Disk support

facilities built into 162Bug consist of command-level disk

operations, disk I/O system calls (only via one of the TRAP #15

instructions) for use by user programs, and defined data structures

for disk parameters.

Parameters such as the address where the module is mapped and

the type and number of devices attached to the controller module

are kept in tables by 162Bug. Default values for these parameters

are assigned at powerup and cold-start reset, but may be altered as

described in the section on default parameters, later in this chapter.

Appendix B contains a list of the controllers presently supported, as

well as a list of the default configurations for each controller.

Blocks Versus Sectors

The logical block defines the unit of information for disk devices. A

disk is viewed by 162Bug as a storage area divided into logical

blocks. By default, the logical block size is set to 256 bytes for every

block device in the system. The block size can be changed on a per

device basis with the IOT command.

The sector defines the unit of information for the media itself, as

viewed by the controller. The sector size varies for different

controllers, and the value for a specific device can be displayed and

changed with the IOT command.

When a disk transfer is requested, the start and size of the transfer

is specified in blocks. 162Bug translates this into an equivalent

sector specification, which is then passed on to the controller to

initiate the transfer. If the conversion from blocks to sectors yields

a fractional sector count, an error is returned and no data is

transferred.

3-15

Debugger General Information

Device Probe Function

A device probe with entry into the device descriptor table is done

whenever a specified device is accessed; i.e., when system calls

.DSKRD, .DSKWR, .DSKCFIG, .DSKFMT, and .DSKCTRL, and

debugger commands BH, BO, IOC, IOP, IOT, MAR, and MAW are

used.

The device probe mechanism utilizes the SCSI commands Inquiry

and Mode Sense. If the specified controller is non-SCSI, the probe

simply returns a status of ÔÔdevice present and unknownÕÕ. The

device probe makes an entry into the device descriptor table with

the pertinent data. After an entry has been made, the next time a

probe is done it simply returns with ÔÔdevice presentÕÕ status

(pointer to the device descriptor).

Disk I/O via 162Bug Commands

These following 162Bug commands are provided for disk I/O.

Detailed instructions for their use are found in the Debugging

Package for Motorola 68K CISC CPUs User's Manual. When a

command is issued to a particular controller LUN and device LUN,

these LUNs are remembered by 162Bug so that the next disk

command defaults to use the same controller and device.

IOI (Input/Output Inquiry)

This command is used to probe the system for all possible

CLUN/DLUN combinations and display inquiry data for devices

which support it. The device descriptor table only has space for 16

device descriptors; with the IOI command, you can view the table

and clear it if necessary.

IOP (Physical I/O to Disk)

IOP allows you to read or write blocks of data, or to format the

specified device in a certain way. IOP creates a command packet

from the arguments you have specified, and then invokes the

proper system call function to carry out the operation.

3-16

Disk I/O Support

IOT (I/O Teach)

IOT allows you to change any configurable parameters and

attributes of the device. In addition, it allows you to see the

controllers available in the system.

IOC (I/O Control)

IOC allows you to send command packets as defined by the

particular controller directly. IOC can also be used to look at the

resultant device packet after using the IOP command.

BO (Bootstrap Operating System)

BO reads an operating system or control program from the

specified device into memory, and then transfers control to it.

BH (Bootstrap and Halt)

BH reads an operating system or control program from a specified

device into memory, and then returns control to 162Bug. It is used

as a debugging tool.

Disk I/O via 162Bug System Calls

All operations that actually access the disk are done directly or

indirectly by 162Bug TRAP #15 system calls. (The command-level

disk operations provide a convenient way of using these system

calls without writing and executing a program.)

3-17

Debugger General Information

The following system calls are provided to allow user programs to

do disk I/O:

.DSKRD

Disk read. System call to read blocks from a disk into

memory.

.DSKWR

Disk write. System call to write blocks from memory onto

a disk.

.DSKCFIG Disk conÞgure. This function allows you to change the

conÞguration of the speciÞed device.

.DSKFMT Disk format. This function allows you to send a format

command to the speciÞed device.

.DSKCTRL Disk control. This function is used to implement any

special device control functions that cannot be

accommodated easily with any of the other disk

functions.

Refer to the Debugging Package for Motorola 68K CISC CPUs User's

Manual for information on using these and other system calls.

To perform a disk operation, 162Bug must eventually present a

particular disk controller module with a controller command

packet which has been especially prepared for that type of

controller module. (This is accomplished in the respective

controller driver module.) A command packet for one type of

controller module usually does not have the same format as a

command packet for a different type of module. The system call

facilities which do disk I/O accept a generalized (controller-

independent) packet format as an argument, and translate it into a

controller-specific packet, which is then sent to the specified device.

Refer to the system call descriptions in the Debugging Package for

Motorola 68K CISC CPUs User's Manual for details on the format and

construction of these standardized user packets.

The packets which a controller module expects to be given vary

from controller to controller. The disk driver module for the

particular hardware module (board) must take the standardized

packet given to a trap function and create a new packet which is

3-18

Network I/O Support

specifically tailored for the disk drive controller it is sent to. Refer

to documentation on the particular controller module for the

format of its packets, and for using the IOC command.

Default 162Bug Controller and Device Parameters

162Bug initializes the parameter tables for a default configuration

of controllers and devices (refer to Appendix B). If the system needs

to be configured differently than this default configuration (for

example, to use a 70MB Winchester drive where the default is a

40MB Winchester drive), then these tables must be changed.

There are two ways to change the parameter tables:

❏ Using BO or BH. When you invoke one of these commands,

the configuration area of the disk is read and the parameters

corresponding to that device are rewritten according to the

parameter information contained in the configuration area.

This is a temporary change. If a cold-start reset occurs, then

the default parameter information is written back into the

tables.

❏ Using the IOT. You can use this command to reconfigure the

parameter table manually for any controller and/or device

that is different from the default. This is also a temporary

change and is overwritten if a cold-start reset occurs.

Disk I/O Error Codes

162Bug returns an error code if an attempted disk operation is

unsuccessful.

Network I/O Support

The Network Boot Firmware provides the capability to boot the

CPU through the Flash/PROM debugger using a network (local

Ethernet interface) as the boot device.

3-19

Debugger General Information

The booting process is executed in two distinct phases.

❏ The first phase allows the diskless remote node to discover its

network identify and the name of the file to be booted.

❏ The second phase has the diskless remote node reading the

boot file across the network into its memory.

The various modules (capabilities) and the dependencies of these

modules that support the overall network boot function are

described in the following paragraphs.

Intel 82596 LAN Coprocessor Ethernet Driver

This driver manages/surrounds the Intel 82596 LAN Coprocessor.

Management is in the scope of the reception of packets, the

transmission of packets, receive buffer flushing, and interface

initialization.

This module ensures that the packaging and unpackaging of

Ethernet packets is done correctly in the Boot PROM.

UDP/IP Protocol Modules

The Internet Protocol (IP) is designed for use in interconnected

systems of packet-switched computer communication networks.

The Internet protocol provides for transmitting of blocks of data

called datagrams (hence User Datagram Protocol, or UDP) from

sources to destinations, where sources and destinations are hosts

identified by fixed length addresses.

The UDP/IP protocols are necessary for the TFTP and BOOTP

protocols; TFTP and BOOTP require a UDP/IP connection.

3-20

Network I/O Support

RARP/ARP Protocol Modules

The Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) basically consists

of an identity-less node broadcasting a ÔÔwhoamiÕÕ packet onto the

Ethernet, and waiting for an answer. The RARP server fills an

Ethernet reply packet up with the target's Internet Address and

sends it.

The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) basically provides a

method of converting protocol addresses (e.g., IP addresses) to

local area network addresses (e.g., Ethernet addresses). The RARP

protocol module supports systems which do not support the

BOOTP protocol (next paragraph).

BOOTP Protocol Module

The Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) basically allows a diskless client

machine to discover its own IP address, the address of a server host,

and the name of a file to be loaded into memory and executed.

TFTP Protocol Module

The Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) is a simple protocol to

transfer files. It is implemented on top of the Internet User

Datagram Protocol (UDP or Datagram) so it may be used to move

files between machines on different networks implementing UDP.

The only thing it can do is read and write files from/to a remote

server.

Network Boot Control Module

The control capability of the Network Boot Control Module is

needed to tie together all the necessary modules (capabilities) and

to sequence the booting process. The booting sequence consists of

two phases: the first phase is labeled ÔÔaddress determination and

bootfile selectionÕÕ and the second phase is labeled ÔÔfile transferÕÕ.

The first phase will utilize the RARP/BOOTP capability and the

second phase will utilize the TFTP capability.

3-21

Debugger General Information

Network I/O Error Codes

162Bug returns an error code if an attempted network operation is

unsuccessful.

Multiprocessor Support

The MVME162LX dual-port RAM feature makes the shared RAM

available to remote processors as well as to the local processor. This

can be done by either of the following two methods. Either method

can be enabled/disabled by the ENV command as its Remote Start

Switch Method (refer to Appendix A).

Multiprocessor Control Register (MPCR) Method

A remote processor can initiate program execution in the local

MVME162LX dual-port RAM by issuing a remote GO command

using the Multiprocessor Control Register (MPCR). The MPCR,

located at shared RAM location of $800 offset from the base address

the debugger loads it at, contains one of two longwords used to

control communication between processors. The MPCR contents

are organized as follows:

$800

N/A N/A N/A (MPCR)

The status codes stored in the MPCR are of two types:

❏ Status returned (from the monitor)

❏ Status set (by the bus master)

The status codes that may be returned from the monitor are:

ASCII 0 (HEX 00) - Wait. Initialization not yet complete.

ASCII E (HEX 45) - Code pointed to by the MPAR address is executing.

ASCII P (HEX 50) - Program Flash Memory. The MPAR is set to the

address of the Flash memory program control packet.

ASCII R (HEX 52) - Ready. The Þrmware monitor is watching for a change.

3-22

Multiprocessor Support

You can only program Flash memory by the MPCR method. Refer

to the .PFLASH system call in the Debugging Package for Motorola

68K CISC CPUs User's Manual for a description of the Flash memory

program control packet structure.

The status codes that may be set by the bus master are:

ASCII G (HEX 47) - Use Go Direct (GD) logic specifying the MPAR address.

ASCII B (HEX 42) - Install breakpoints using the Go (G) logic.

The Multiprocessor Address Register (MPAR), located in shared

RAM location of $804 offset from the base address the debugger

loads it at, contains the second of two longwords used to control

communication between processors. The MPAR contents specify

the address at which execution for the remote processor is to begin

if the MPCR contains a G or B. The MPAR is organized as follows:

$804

(MPAR)

At power-up, the debug monitorÕs self-test routines initialize RAM,

including the memory locations used for multi-processor support

($800 through $807).

The MPCR contains $00 at powerup, indicating that initialization is

not yet complete. As the initialization proceeds, the execution path

comes to the ÔÔpromptÕÕ routine. Before sending the prompt, this

routine places an R in the MPCR to indicate that initialization is

complete. Then the prompt is sent.

If no terminal is connected to the port, the MPCR is still polled to

see whether an external processor requires control to be passed to

the dual-port RAM. If a terminal does respond, the MPCR is polled

for the same purpose while the serial port is being polled for user

input.

An ASCII G placed in the MPCR by a remote processor indicates

that the Go Direct type of transfer is requested. An ASCII B in the

MPCR indicates that breakpoints are to be armed before control is

transferred (as with the GO command).

3-23

Debugger General Information

In either sequence, an E is placed in the MPCR to indicate that

execution is underway just before control is passed to RAM. (Any

remote processor could examine the MPCR contents.)

If the code being executed in dual-port RAM is to reenter the debug

monitor, a TRAP #15 call using function $0063 (SYSCALL

.RETURN) returns control to the monitor with a new display

prompt. Note that every time the debug monitor returns to the

prompt, an R is moved into the MPCR to indicate that control can

be transferred once again to a specified RAM location.

GCSR Method

A remote processor can initiate program execution in the local

MVME162LX dual-port RAM by issuing a remote GO command

using the VMEchip2 Global Control and Status Registers (GCSR).

The remote processor places the MVME162LX execution address in

general purpose registers 0 and 1 (GPCSR0 and GPCSR1). The

remote processor then sets bit 8 (SIG0) of the VMEchip2 LM/SIG

begin execution. The result is identical to the MPCR method (with

status code B) described in the previous section.

The GCSR registers are accessed in the VMEbus short I/O space.

Each general purpose register is two bytes wide, occurring at an

even address. The general purpose register number 0 is at an offset

of $8 (local bus) or $4 (VMEbus) from the start of the GCSR

registers. The local bus base address for the GCSR is $FFF40100. The

VMEbus base address for the GCSR depends on the group select

value and the board select value programmed in the Local Control

and Status Registers (LCSR) of the MVME162LX. The execution

address is formed by reading the GCSR general purpose registers

in the following manner:

GPCSR0 used as the upper 16 bits of the address

GPCSR1 used as the lower 16 bits of the address

3-24

Diagnostic Facilities

The address appears as:

GPCSR0 GPCSR1

Diagnostic Facilities

The 162Bug package includes a set of hardware diagnostics for

testing and troubleshooting the MVME162LX. To use the

diagnostics, switch directories to the diagnostic directory. If you are

in the debugger directory, you can switch to the diagnostic

directory with the debugger command Switch Directories (SD). The

diagnostic prompt

162-Diag>

appears. Refer to the Debugging Package for Motorola 68K CISC CPUs

User's Manual for complete descriptions of the diagnostic routines

available and instructions on how to invoke them. Note that some

diagnostics depend on restart defaults that are set up only in a

particular restart mode. The documentation for such diagnostics

includes restart information.

Manufacturing Test Process

During the manufacturing process for MVME162LXs, the

manufacturing test parameters and testing state flags are stored in

NVRAM. These strings are installed during the manufacturing

process and result in the product performing manufacturing tests.

None of these tests harm the product or system into which a board

is installed. Entering an ASCII break on the console port from a

terminal terminates these tests.

The two state flags that start the test processes are:

FLASH EMPTY$00122984

and

Burnin test$00000000

3-25

Debugger General Information

If either string is in the first location of NVRAM ($FFFC0000), the

test process starts.

3-26

4Using the 162Bug Debugger

In This Chapter

This chapter covers the following subjects:

❏ Entering debugger command lines

❏ Entering and debugging programs

❏ Calling system utilities from user programs

❏ Preserving the debugger operating environment

❏ Floating point support

❏ The 162Bug debugger command set

Entering Debugger Command Lines

162Bug is command-driven and performs its various operations in

response to user commands entered at the keyboard. When the

debugger prompt

162-Bug>

appears on the terminal screen, then the debugger is ready to accept

commands.

Terminal Input/Output Control

As the command line is entered, it is stored in an internal buffer.

Execution begins only after the carriage return is entered, so that

you can correct entry errors, if necessary, using the control

characters described below.

4-1

Using the 162Bug Debugger

Note The presence of the upward caret ( ^ ) before a

character indicates that the Control (CTRL) key must

be held down while striking the character key.

(cancel line)

The cursor is backspaced to the beginning of the line.

The cursor is moved back one position.

Performs the same function as ^H.

(backspace)

(delete)

Delete

key

(redisplay)

(repeat)

The entire command line as entered so far is redisplayed on

the following line.

Repeats the previous line. This happens only at the

command line. The last line entered is redisplayed but not

executed. The cursor is positioned at the end of the line. You

may enter the line as is or you can add more characters to it.

You can edit the line by backspacing and typing over old

characters.

When observing output from any 162Bug command, the XON and

XOFF characters which are in effect for the terminal port may be

entered to control the output, if the XON/XOFF protocol is enabled

(default). These characters are initialized to ^S and ^Q respectively

by 162Bug, but you may change them with the PF command. In the

initialized (default) mode, operation is as follows:

(wait)

Console output is halted.

Console output is resumed.

(resume)

When a command is entered, the debugger executes the command

and the prompt reappears. However, if the command entered

causes execution of user target code, for example GO, then control

may or may not return to the debugger, depending on what the

user program does.

For example, if a breakpoint has been specified, then control returns

to the debugger when the breakpoint is encountered during

execution of the user program. Alternately, the user program could

return to the debugger by means of the TRAP #15 ÔÔ.RETURNÕÕ

function.

4-2

Entering Debugger Command Lines

Debugger Command Syntax

In general, a debugger command is made up of the following parts:

❏ The command identifier (i.e., MD or md for the Memory

Display command). Note that either upper- or lowercase

characters are allowed.

❏ A port number if the command is set up to work with more

than one port.

❏ At least one intervening space before the first argument.

❏ Any required arguments, as specified by the command.

❏ An option field, set off by a semicolon (;) to specify conditions

other than the default conditions of the command.

The commands are shown using a modified Backus-Naur form

syntax. The metasymbols used are:

Syntactic Variables

The following syntactic variables are encountered in the command

descriptions which follow. In addition, other syntactic variables

may be used and are defined in the particular command

description in which they occur.

exp

Expression (described in detail in a following section).

addr

Address (described in detail in a following section).

count

range

Count; the syntax is the same as for exp.

A range of memory addresses which may be speciÞed either

by addr addr or by addr: count.

text

An ASCII string of up to 255 characters, delimited at each end

by the single quote mark (').

Expression as a Parameter

An expression can be one or more numeric values separated by one

of the arithmetic operators: plus (+), minus (-), multiplied by (*),

divided by (/), logical AND (&), shift left (<<), or shift right (>>).

4-3

Using the 162Bug Debugger

Numeric values may be expressed in either hexadecimal, decimal,

octal, or binary notation by immediately preceding them with the

proper base identifier.

Base

Hexadecimal

Decimal

Octal

IdentiÞer

Examples

$FFFFFFFF

&1974, &10-&4

@456

Binary

%1000110

If no base identifier is specified, then the numeric value is assumed

to be hexadecimal.

A numeric value may also be expressed as a string literal of up to

four characters. The string literal must begin and end with the

single quote mark ('). The numeric value is interpreted as the

concatenation of the ASCII values of the characters. This value is

right-justified, as any other numeric value would be.

String

Numeric Value

Literal (In Hexadecimal)

'A'

'ABC'

'TEST'

414243

54455354

Evaluation of an expression is always from left to right unless

parentheses are used to group part of the expression. There is no

operator precedence. Subexpressions within parentheses are

evaluated first. Nested parenthetical subexpressions are evaluated

from the inside out.

4-4

Entering Debugger Command Lines

Valid expression examples:

Expression

FF0011

Result (In Hex)

Notes

FF0011

45+99

&45+&99

@35+@67+@10

%10011110+%1001

88<<4

880

shift left

logical AND

AA&F0

The total value of the expression must be between 0 and

$FFFFFFFF.

Address as a Parameter

Many commands use addr as a parameter. The syntax accepted by

162Bug is similar to the one accepted by the MC68040 one-line

assembler. All control addressing modes are allowed. An ÔÔaddress

+ offset registerÕÕ mode is also provided.

4-5

Using the 162Bug Debugger

Address Formats

Table 4-1 summarizes the address formats that are acceptable for

address parameters in debugger command lines.

Table 4-1. Debugger Address Parameter Formats

Format

Example

Description

140

Absolute address+contents of automatic offset register.

N+Rn

130+R5

Absolute address+contents of the speciÞed offset

(An)

(A1)

Address register indirect. (Also post-increment, pre-

decrement)

(d,An) or

d(An)

(120,A1)

120(A1)

Address register indirect with displacement (two

formats accepted).

(d,An,Xn) or

d(An,Xn)

(&120,A1,D2)

&120(A1,D2)

Address register indirect with index and displacement

(two formats accepted).

([bd,An,Xn],od)

([C,A2,A3],&100)

([12,A3],D2,&10)

Memory indirect preindexed.

Memory indirect postindexed.

([bd,An],Xn,od)

For the memory indirect modes, Þelds can be omitted.

For example, three of many permutations are as follows:

([,An],od)

([bd])

([,A1],4)

([FC1E])

([8,,D2])

([bd,,Xn])

Notes

Absolute address (any valid expression).

An Ñ Address register n.

Xn Ñ Index register n (An or Dn).

Displacement (any valid expression).

Base displacement (any valid expression).

Outer displacement (any valid expression).

Rn Ñ Offset register n.

4-6

Entering Debugger Command Lines

Note In commands with range specified as addr addr, and

with size option W or L chosen, data at the second

(ending) address is acted on only if the second address

is a proper boundary for a word or longword,

respectively.

Offset Registers

Eight pseudo-registers (R0 through R7) called offset registers are

used to simplify the debugging of relocatable and position-

independent modules. The listing files in these types of programs

usually start at an address (normally 0) that is not the one at which

they are loaded, so it is harder to correlate addresses in the listing

with addresses in the loaded program. The offset registers solve

this problem by taking into account this difference and forcing the

display of addresses in a relative address+offset format. Offset

registers have adjustable ranges and may even have overlapping

ranges. The range for each offset register is set by two addresses:

base and top. Specifying the base and top addresses for an offset

more offset registers' ranges, the one that yields the least offset is

chosen.

Note Relative addresses are limited to 1MB (5 digits),

regardless of the range of the closest offset register.

Example:

A portion of the listing file of an assembled, relocatable module is

shown below:

MOVE STRING SUBROUTINE

0 00000000 48E78080

0 00000004 4280

MOVESTR

MOVEM.LD0/A0,Ñ(A7)

CLR.LD0

0 00000006 1018

MOVE.B(A0)+,D0

4-7

Using the 162Bug Debugger

0 00000008 5340

SUBQ.W#1,D0

0 0000000A 12D8

LOOP

MOVS

MOVE.B(A0)+,(A1)+

DBRA D0,LOOP

MOVEM.L(A7)+,D0/A0

RTS

0 0000000C 51C8FFFC

0 00000010 4CDF0101

0 00000014 4E75

END

****** TOTAL ERRORS 0ÑÑ

****** TOTAL WARNINGS 0ÑÑ

The above program was loaded at address $0001327C.

The disassembled code is shown next:

162-Bug>MD 1327C;DI

0001327C 48E78080

00013280 4280

00013282 1018

00013284 5340

00013286 12D8

00013288 51C8FFFC

0001328C 4CDF0101

00013290 4E75

162-Bug>

MOVEM.L D0/A0,—(A7)

CLR.L D0

MOVE.B (A0)+,D0

SUBQ.W #1,D0

MOVE.B (A0)+,(A1)+

DBF

D0,$13286

MOVEM.L (A7)+,D0/A0

RTS

By using one of the offset registers, the disassembled code

addresses can be made to match the listing file addresses as follows:

162-Bug>OF R0

R0 =00000000 00000000? 1327C. <CR>

162Bug>MD 0+R0;DI <CR>

00000+R0 48E78080

00004+R0 4280

00006+R0 1018

00008+R0 5340

0000A+R0 12D8

0000C+R0 51C8FFFC

00010+R0 4CDF0101

00014+R0 4E75

162-Bug>

MOVEM.L D0/A0,—(A7)

CLR.L D0

MOVE.B (A0)+,D0

SUBQ.W #1,D0

MOVE.B (A0)+,(A1)+

DBF

D0,$A+R0

MOVEM.L (A7)+,D0/A0

RTS

4-8

Entering and Debugging Programs

For additional information about the offset registers, refer to the

Debugging Package for Motorola 68K CISC CPUs User's Manual.

Port Numbers

Some 162Bug commands give you the option to choose the port to

be used to input or output. Valid port numbers which may be used

for these commands are as follows:

1. MVME162 EIA-232-D Debug (Terminal Port 0 or 00) (Port 1

on the MVME162LX J17 front panel connector). Sometimes

known as the ÔÔconsole portÕÕ, it is used for interactive user

input/output by default.

2. MVME162 EIA-232-D (Terminal Port 1 or 01) (Port 2 on the

MVME162LX J17 front panel connector). Sometimes known

as the ÔÔhost portÕÕ, this is the default for downloading,

uploading, concurrent mode, and transparent modes.

3. MVME162 EIA-232-D (Terminal Ports 2 or 02 and 3 or 03)

(Port 3 and Port 4 on the MVME162LX J17 front panel

connector). Additional serial ports available.

Note These logical port numbers (0, 1, 2, and 3) are shown in

the pinouts of the MVME162LX module as SERIAL

PORT 1, SERIAL PORT 2, SERIAL PORT 3, and

SERIAL PORT 4, respectively. Physically, they are all

part of the front panel 8-pin RJ-45 connectors on J17.

Entering and Debugging Programs

There are various ways to enter a user program into system

memory for execution:

❏ Create the program with the assembler/disassembler

❏ Download an S-record object file

❏ Read the program from disk

4-9

Using the 162Bug Debugger

Creating a Program with the Assembler/Disassembler

You can create a program using the Memory Modify (MM)

command with the assembler/disassembler option.

1. Enter the program one source line at a time.

2. After each source line is entered, it is assembled and the

object code is loaded to memory.

Refer to the Debugging Package for Motorola 68K CISC CPUs User's

Manual for details on the 162Bug Assembler/Disassembler.

Downloading an S-Record Object File

Another way to enter a program is to download an object file from

a host system.

The program must be in S-record format (described in the

Debugging Package for Motorola 68K CISC CPUs User's Manual) and

may have been assembled or compiled on the host system.

Alternately, the program may have been previously created using

the 162Bug MM command as outlined above and stored to the host

using the Dump (DU) command.

A communication link must exist between the host system and port

2 on the MVME162LX. (Hardware configuration details are

provided in Installation and Startup on page 3-3.) The file is

downloaded from the host to MVME162LX memory by the Load

(LO) command.

Read the Program from Disk

Another way to enter a program is by reading the program from

disk, using one of the disk commands (BO, BH, IOP). Once the

object code has been loaded into memory, you can set breakpoints

if desired and run the code or trace through it.

4-10

Calling System Utilities from User Programs

A convenient way of doing character input/output and many other

useful operations has been provided so that you do not have to

write these routines into the target code. You can access various

162Bug routines via one of the MC68040 TRAP instructions, using

vector #15. Refer to the Debugging Package for Motorola 68K CISC

CPUs User's Manual for details on the various TRAP #15 utilities

available and how to invoke them from within a user program.

Preserving the Debugger Operating

Environment

This section explains how to avoid contaminating the operating

environment of the debugger. Topics covered include:

❏ 162Bug Vector Table and workspace

❏ Hardware functions

❏ Exception vectors used by 162Bug

162Bug uses certain of the MVME162LX onboard resources and

may also use offboard system memory to contain temporary

variables, exception vectors, etc. If you disturb resources upon

which 162Bug depends, then the debugger may function unreliably

or not at all.

If your application enables translation through the Memory

Management Units (MMUs), and if your application utilizes

resources of the debugger (e.g., system calls), your application must

create the necessary translation tables for the debugger to have

access to its various resources. The debugger honors the enabling of

the MMUs; it does not disable translation.

4-11

Using the 162Bug Debugger

162Bug Vector Table and Workspace

As described in the Memory Requirements section of Chapter 3, the

162Bug firmware needs 64KB of read/write memory to operate.

162Bug

For ...

reserves ...

1024-byte area

A user program vector table area

An exception vector table for the debugger itself to use

Space for static variables, and initializes these static variables to

predeÞned default values.

Space for the system stack, and initializes the system stack pointer to

the top of this area.

With the exception of the first 1024-byte vector table area, you must

be extremely careful not to use the above-mentioned memory areas

for other purposes.

Refer to the Memory Requirements section of Chapter 3 to determine

how to dictate the location of the reserved memory areas.

Examples

❏ If, for example, your program inadvertently wrote over the

static variable area containing the serial communication

parameters, these parameters would be lost, resulting in a

loss of communication with the system console terminal.

❏ If your program corrupts the system stack, then an incorrect

value may be loaded into the processor Program Counter

(PC), causing a system crash.

4-12

Preserving the Debugger Operating Environment

Hardware Functions

The only hardware resources used by the debugger are the EIA-

232-D ports, which are initialized to interface to the debug terminal

and a host. If these ports are reprogrammed, the terminal

characteristics must be modified to suit, or the ports should be

restored to the debugger-set characteristics prior to reinvoking the

debugger.

Exception Vectors Used by 162Bug

The exception vectors used by the debugger are listed below. These

vectors must reside at the specified offsets in the target program's

vector table for the associated debugger facilities (breakpoints,

trace mode, etc.) to operate.

Table 4-2. Exception Vectors Used by 162Bug

Vector

Offset

Exception

162Bug Facility

Illegal instruction

Breakpoints (used by GO, GN, GT)

Trace operations (such as T, TC, TT)

Used internally

$10

$24

Trace

TRAP #0 - #14

TRAP #15

$80-$B8

$BC

System calls

Level 7 interrupt

FP Unimplemented Data Type

ABORT pushbutton

AC Fail

$ Note 1

$ Note 2

$DC

Software emulation and data type

conversion of ßoating point data.

Notes

1. This depends on what the Vector Base Register (VBR) is set to in the MC2chip.

2. This depends on what the Vector Base Register (VBR) is set to in the VMEchip2.

When the debugger handles one of the exceptions listed in Table

4-2, the target stack pointer is left pointing past the bottom of the

exception stack frame created; that is, it reflects the system stack

4-13

Using the 162Bug Debugger

pointer values just before the exception occurred. In this way, the

operation of the debugger facility (through an exception) is

transparent to users.

Example: Trace one instruction using the debugger firmware.

172-Bug>rd

=00010000

=0000FFFC

=2708=TR:OFF_S._7_N..

VBR

DFC

PCR

=00000000

=1=UD

SSP

CACR

USP

=00010000

SFC

=1=UD

=00000000=D: ....._B:..._I:...

=04310402

=00000000

=0000FFFC

=FFFFFFFF

=00000000

=00000007

=00000000

=00000003

IPLR

IML

MMIE

VIEN =C0000000

VIST

=00000000

PIEN =00002000

PIST

=00000000

00010000 203C0000 0001MOVE.L#$1,D0

172-Bug>t

=00010006

=0000FFFC

=2700=TR:OFF_S._7_.....

VBR

DFC

PCR

=00000000

=1=UD

SSP*

CACR

USP

=00010000

SFC

=1=UD

=00000000=D: ....._B:..._I:...

=04310402

=00000000

=0000FFFC

=00000001

=00000000

=00000007

=00000000

=00000003

IPLR

IML

MMIE

VIEN =C0000000

VIST

=00000000

PIEN =00002000

PIST

=00000000

00010006 D280 0001ADD.LD0,D1

172-Bug>

4-14

Preserving the Debugger Operating Environment

Exception Vector Tables

Notice in the preceding example that the value of the target stack

pointer register (A7) has not changed even though a trace exception

has taken place. Your program may either use the exception vector

table provided by 162Bug or it may create a separate exception

vector table of its own. The two following sections detail these two

methods.

Using 162Bug Target Vector Table

The 162Bug initializes and maintains a vector table area for target

programs. A target program is any program started by the bug:

❏ Manually with the GO command

❏ Manually with trace commands (T, TC, or TT)

❏ Automatically with the BO command.

The start address of this target vector table area is the base address

($00) of the debugger memory. This address is loaded into the

target-state VBR at power-up and cold-start reset and can be

observed by using the RD command to display the target-state

registers immediately after power-up.

The 162Bug initializes the target vector table with the debugger

vectors listed in Table 4-2 on page 4-13 and fills the other vector

locations with the address of a generalized exception handler. The

target program may take over as many vectors as desired by simply

writing its own exception vectors into the table. If the vector

locations listed in Table 4-2 are overwritten, then the accompanying

debugger functions are lost.

The 162Bug maintains a separate vector table for its own use. In

general, you do not have to be aware of the existence of the

debugger vector table. It is completely transparent and you should

never make any modifications to the vectors that it contains.

4-15

Using the 162Bug Debugger

Creating a New Vector Table

Your program may create a separate vector table in memory to

contain its exception vectors. If this is done, the program must

change the value of the VBR to point at the new vector table. In

order to use the debugger facilities you can copy the proper vectors

from the 162Bug vector table into the corresponding vector

locations in your program vector table.

The vector for the 162Bug generalized exception handler may be

copied from offset $08 (bus error vector) in the target vector table to

all locations in your program vector table where a separate

exception handler is not used. This provides diagnostic support in

the event that your program is stopped by an unexpected

exception. The generalized exception handler gives a formatted

display of the target registers and identifies the type of the

exception.

The following is an example of a routine which builds a separate

vector table and then moves the VBR to point at it:

*** BUILDX - Build exception vector table ****

BUILDX MOVEC.L VBR,A0

Get copy of VBR.

LEA

$10000,A1

New vectors at $10000.

MOVE.L

MOVE.W

MOVE.L

SUBQ.W

BNE.B

MOVE.L

LEA.L

$80(A0),D0

$3FC,D1

D0,(A1,D1)

#4,D1

Get generalized exception vector.

Load count (all vectors).

Store generalized exception vector.

LOOP

Initialize entire vector table.

Copy breakpoints vector.

Copy trace vector.

Copy system call vector.

Get your exception vector.

Install as F-Line handler.

Change VBR to new table.

$10(A0),$10(A1)

$24(A0),$24(A1)

$BC(A0),$BC(A1)

COPROCC(PC),A2

A2,$2C(A1)

MOVE.L

MOVEC.L A1,VBR

RTS

END

4-16

Preserving the Debugger Operating Environment

It may turn out that your program uses one or more of the exception

vectors that are required for debugger operation. Debugger

facilities may still be used, however, if your exception handler can

determine when to handle the exception itself and when to pass the

exception to the debugger.

When an exception occurs which you want to pass on to the

debugger (i.e., ABORT), your exception handler must read the

vector offset from the format word of the exception stack frame.

This offset is added to the address of the 162Bug target program

vector table (which your program saved), yielding the address of

the 162Bug exception vector. The program then jumps to the

address stored at this vector location, which is the address of the

162Bug exception handler.

Your program must make sure that there is an exception stack

frame in the stack and that it is exactly the same as the processor

would have created for the particular exception before jumping to

the address of the exception handler.

The following is an example of an exception handler which can pass

an exception along to the debugger:

*** EXCEPT - Exception handler ****

EXCEPT SUBQ.L

LINK

#4,A7

A6,#0

Save space in stack for a PC value.

Frame pointer for accessing PC space.

MOVEM.L A0-A5/D0-D7,-(SP) Save registers.

: decide here if your code handles exception, if so, branch...

MOVE.L

MOVE.W

AND.W

BUFVBR,A0

14(A6),D0

#$0FFF,D0

Pass exception to debugger; Get saved VBR.

Get the vector offset from stack frame.

Mask off the format information.

MOVE.L

(A0,D0.W),4(A6)

Store address of debugger exc handler.

MOVEM.L (SP)+,A0-A5/D0-D7 Restore registers.

UNLK

RTS

Put addr of exc handler into PC and go.

4-17

Using the 162Bug Debugger

Floating Point Support

The floating point unit (FPU) of the MC68040 microprocessor chip

is supported in 162Bug. The MD, MM, RM, and RS commands have

been extended to allow display and modification of floating point

data in registers and in memory. Floating point instructions can be

assembled and disassembled with the DI option of the MD and MM

commands.

RM and RS for floating point registers accept the floating point

value in Double Precision Real Format or Scientific Notation.

Valid data types that can be used when modifying a floating point

data register or a floating point memory location:

Integer Data Types

Byte

1234

Word

12345678

Longword

Floating Point Data Types

1_FF_7FFFFF

Single Precision Real Format

1_7FF_FFFFFFFFFFFFF

-3.12345678901234501_E+123

Double Precision Real Format

ScientiÞc Notation Format (decimal)

When entering data in single or double precision, you must observe

the following rules:

1. The sign field is the first field and is a binary field.

2. The exponent field is the second field and is a hexadecimal

field.

3. The mantissa field is the last field and is a hexadecimal field.

4-18

Floating Point Support

4. The sign field, the exponent field, and at least the first digit of

the mantissa field must be present (any unspecified digits in

the mantissa field are set to zero).

5. Each field must be separated from adjacent fields by an

underscore.

6. All the digit positions in the sign and exponent fields must be

present.

Single Precision Real

This format would appear in memory as:

1-bit sign Þeld

(1 binary digit)

8-bit biased exponent Þeld

23-bit fraction Þeld

(2 hex digits. Bias = $7F)

(6 hex digits)

A single precision number takes 4 bytes in memory.

Double Precision Real

This format would appear in memory as:

1-bit sign Þeld

(1 binary digit)

11-bit biased exponent Þeld

52-bit fraction Þeld

(3 hex digits. Bias = $3FF)

(13 hex digits)

A double precision number takes 8 bytes in memory.

Note The single and double precision formats have an

implied integer bit (always 1).

4-19

Using the 162Bug Debugger

Scientiﬁc Notation

This format provides a convenient way to enter and display a

floating point decimal number. Internally, the number is assembled

into a packed decimal number and then converted into a number of

the specified data type.

Entering data in this format requires the following fields:

❏ An optional sign bit (+ or -).

❏ One decimal digit followed by a decimal point.

❏ Up to 17 decimal digits (at least one must be entered).

❏ An optional Exponent field that consists of:

Ð An optional underscore.

Ð The Exponent field identifier, letter ÒEÓ.

Ð An optional Exponent sign (+, -).

Ð From 1 to 3 decimal digits.

For more information about the MC68040 floating point unit, refer

to the MC68040 Microprocessor User's Manual.

The 162Bug Debugger Command Set

The 162Bug debugger commands are summarized in Table 4-3. The

command syntax is shown using the symbols explained earlier in

this chapter. The CNFG and ENV commands are explained in

Appendix A. Controllers, devices, and their LUNs are listed in

Appendix B or Appendix C. All other command details are

explained in the Debugging Package for Motorola 68K CISC CPUs

User's Manual.

4-20

The 162Bug Debugger Command Set

Table 4-3. Debugger Commands

Command

Mnemonic

Title

Command Line Syntax

Automatic Bootstrap

Operating System

AB [;V]

NOAB

No Autoboot

NOAB

One Line Assembler

Block of Memory Compare

Block of Memory Fill

AS addr

BC range addr [; B|W|L]

BF range data [increment]

[; B|W|L]

Bootstrap Operating

System and Halt

BH [controller LUN] [device LUN] [string]

Block of Memory Initialize

Block of Memory Move

Bootstrap Operating System

Breakpoint Insert

BI range [; B|W|L]

BM range addr [; B|W|L]

BO [ controller LUN] [device LUN] [string]

BR [addr [:count]]

NOBR

Breakpoint Delete

NOBR [addr]

Block of Memory Search

BS range text [; B|W|L]

or BS range data [mask] [; B|W|L [,N] [,V]]

Block of Memory Verify

Concurrent Mode

BV range data [increment] [; B|W|L]

CM [[port] [ID-string] [baud]

[phone-number]]|[; A]|[; H]

NOCM

CNFG

No Concurrent Mode

NOCM

ConÞgure Board

Information Block

CNFG [; [I][M]]

Checksum

CS range [; B|W|L]

Data Conversion

DC exp | addr [; [B][O][A]]

DMA

DMA Block of Memory

Move

DMA range addr vdir am blk

[; B|W|L]

One Line Disassembler

Dump S-records

DS addr [:count | addr]

DU [port] range [text]

[addr] [offset] [; B|W|L]

4-21

Using the 162Bug Debugger

Table 4-3. Debugger Commands (Continued)

Command

Mnemonic

Title

Command Line Syntax

ECHO

ENV

Echo String

ECHO [port] {hexadecimal number} {'string'}

Set Environment to

ENV [; [D]]

Bug/Operating System

Go Direct (Ignore

Breakpoints)

GD [addr]

Go to Next Instruction

Go Execute User Program

GO [addr]

Go to Temporary Breakpoint GT addr

IOC

IOI

IOP

Help

HE [command]

I/O Control for Disk

I/O Inquiry

IOC

IOI [; [C|L]]

IOP

I/O Physical (Direct Disk

Access)

IOT

I/O ÔÔTEACHÕÕ for

IOT [; [A|F|H|T]]

ConÞguring Disk Controller

IRQM

Interrupt Request Mask

Load S-records from Host

Macro DeÞne/Display

Macro Delete

IRQM [mask]

LO [port] [addr] [; [X] [C] [T]] [=text]

MA [name|; L]

NOMA

MAE

MAL

NOMA [name]

Macro Edit

MAE name line# [string]

MAL

Enable Macro Expansion

Listing

NOMAL

MAW

MAR

Disable Macro Expansion

Listing

NOMAL

Save Macros

MAW [controller LUN] [device LUN]

[del block #]

Load Macros

Memory Display

MAR [controller LUN] [device LUN]

[del block #]

MD [S] addr [:count | addr]

[; [B|W|L|S|D|DI]]

4-22

The 162Bug Debugger Command Set

Table 4-3. Debugger Commands (Continued)

Command

Mnemonic

Title

Command Line Syntax

Memory Modify

Memory Map Diagnostic

Memory Set

MM addr [; [[B|W|L|S|D] [A] [N]]|[DI]]

MMD range increment [; B|W|L]

MS addr {hexadecimal number} {'string'}

MW addr data [; B|W|L]

MMD

Memory Write

NAB

Automatic Network Boot

Operating System

NAB

NBH

NBO

Network Boot Operating

System and Halt

NBH [controller LUN] [device LUN]

[client IP Address] [server IP Address] [string]

Network Boot Operating

System

NBO [controller LUN] [device LUN]

[client IP Address] [server IP Address] [string]

NIOC

NIOP

NIOT

NPING

Network I/O Control

Network I/O Physical

Network I/O Teach

Network Ping

NIOC

NIOP

NIOT [; [H]|[A]]

NPING controller-LUN device-LUN

source-IP destination-IP [n-packets]

Offset Registers

Display/Modify

OF [Rn [; A]]

Printer Attach

PA [port]

NOPA

Printer Detach

Port Format

NOPA [port]

PF [port]

NOPF

PFLASH

Port Detach

NOPF [port]

Program FLASH Memory

PFLASH SSADDR SEADDR DSADDR

[IEADDR]

[;[A|R][X]]

or PFLASH SSADDR:COUNT DSADDR

[IEADDR]

[;[B|W|L] [A|R] [X]]

Put RTC Into Power Save

Mode for Storage

4-23

Using the 162Bug Debugger

Table 4-3. Debugger Commands (Continued)

Command

Mnemonic

Title

Command Line Syntax

ROMboot Enable

ROMboot Disable

RB [; V]

NORB

RD {[+|-|=] [dname] [/]} {[+|-|=]

[reg1[-reg2]] [/]} [; E]

REMOTE

Connect the Remote Modem REMOTE

to CSO

RESET

Cold/Warm Reset

Read Loop

RESET

RL addr; [B|W|L]

RM [reg]

RS reg [exp|addr]

Switch Directories

Set Time and Date

Symbol Table Attach

Symbol Table Detach

SET

SET mmddyyhhmm | n; C

SYM [addr]

SYM

NOSYM

SYMS

NOSYM

Symbol Table

SYMS [symbol-name]|[; S]

Display/Search

Trace

T [count]

TA [port]

TC [count]

Terminal Attach

Trace on Change of Control

Flow

TIME

Display Time and Date

Transparent Mode

TIME [; [C|L|O]]

TM [port] [ESCAPE]

TT addr

Trace to Temporary

Breakpoint

Verify S-Records Against

Memory

VE [port] [addr] [; [X][C]] [=text]

VER

Display Revision/Version

Write Loop

VER [; E]

WL addr data [; B|W|L]

4-24

AConﬁgure and Environment

Commands

Conﬁgure Board Information Block

CNFG [;[I][M]]

This command is used to display and configure the board

information block. This block is resident within the Non-Volatile

RAM (NVRAM). Refer to the Debugging Package for Motorola 68K

CISC CPUs User's Manual for the actual location. The information

block contains various elements detailing specific operation

parameters of the hardware. The Debugging Package for Motorola 68K

CISC CPUs User's Manual describes the elements within the board

information block, and lists the size and logical offset of each

element. The CNFG command does not describe the elements and

their use. The board information block contents are checksummed

for validation purposes. This checksum is the last element of the

block.

Although the factory fills all fields except the IndustryPack fields,

only these fields MUST contain correct information:

❏ MPU clock speed

❏ Ethernet address

❏ Local SCSI identifier

The board structure for the 700/800-series MVME162LX is as

follows:

162-Bug>cnfg

Board (PWA) Serial Number = "

Board Identifier = "

Artwork (PWA) Identifier = "

MPU Clock Speed = "3200 "

Ethernet Address = 08003E200000

Local SCSI Identifier = "07 "

Parity Memory Mezzanine Artwork (PWA) Identifier = "

A-1

Configure and Environment Commands

Parity Memory Mezzanine (PWA) Serial Number = "

Static Memory Mezzanine Artwork (PWA) Identifier = "

Static Memory Mezzanine (PWA) Serial Number = "

ECC Memory Mezzanine #1 Artwork (PWA) Identifier = "

ECC Memory Mezzanine #1 (PWA) Serial Number = "

ECC Memory Mezzanine #2 Artwork (PWA) Identifier = "

ECC Memory Mezzanine #2 (PWA) Serial Number = "

Serial Port 2 Personality Artwork (PWA) Identifier = "

Serial Port 2 Personality Module (PWA) Serial Number = "

IndustryPack A Board Identifier = "

IndustryPack A (PWA) Serial Number = "

IndustryPack A Artwork (PWA) Identifier = "

IndustryPack B Board Identifier = "

IndustryPack B (PWA) Serial Number = "

IndustryPack B Artwork (PWA) Identifier = "

IndustryPack C Board Identifier = "

IndustryPack C (PWA) Serial Number = "

IndustryPack C Artwork (PWA) Identifier = "

IndustryPack D Board Identifier = "

IndustryPack D (PWA) Serial Number = "

IndustryPack D Artwork (PWA) Identifier = "

162-Bug>

Note that the parameters that are quoted are left-justified character

(ASCII) strings padded with space characters, and the quotes (") are

displayed to indicate the size of the string. Parameters that are not

quoted are considered data strings, and data strings are right-

justified. The data strings are padded with zeros if the length is not

met.

In the event of corruption of the board information block, the

command displays a question mark ( ? ) for nondisplayable

characters. A warning message (WARNING: Board Information Block

Checksum Error) is also displayed in the event of a checksum failure.

Using the I option initializes the unused area of the board

information block to zero.

A-2

Set Environment to Bug/Operating System

Modification is possible through use of the commandÕs M option.

At the end of the modification session, you are prompted for the

update to Non-Volatile RAM (NVRAM). A Yresponse must be

made for the update to occur; any other response terminates the

update (disregards all changes). The update also recalculates the

checksum.

Be cautious when modifying parameters. Some of these parameters

are set up by the factory, and correct board operation relies upon

these parameters.

Once modification/update is complete, you can display the current

contents as described earlier.

Set Environment to Bug/Operating System

ENV [;[D]]

The ENV command allows you to interactively view/configure all

Bug operational parameters that are kept in battery-backed-up

RAM (BBRAM), also known as non-volatile RAM (NVRAM). The

operational parameters are saved in NVRAM and used whenever

power is lost.

Whenever the Bug uses a parameter from NVRAM, the NVRAM

contents are first tested by checksum to insure the integrity of the

NVRAM contents. In the instance of BBRAM checksum failure,

certain default values are assumed as stated below.

The bug operational parameters (which are kept in NVRAM) are

not initialized automatically on power up/warm reset. It is up to

the Bug user to invoke the ENV command. Once the ENV command

is invoked and executed without error, Bug default and/or user

parameters are loaded into NVRAM along with checksum data. If

any of the operational parameters have been modified, the new

parameters do not go into effect until a reset/powerup condition

occurs. Should you determine that the NVRAM contents have been

corrupted, use a double-button reset (described under Restarting the

System in Chapter 3) to reinitialize the system.

A-3

Configure and Environment Commands

If the ENV command is invoked with no options on the command

line, you are prompted to configure all operational parameters. If

the ENV command is invoked with the option D, ROM defaults will

be loaded into NVRAM.

The parameters to be configured are listed in the following table.

Table A-1. ENV Command Parameters

ENV Parameter and Options Default

Meaning of Default

Bug or System environment

[B/S]

Bug mode

Field Service Menu Enable

[Y/N]

Do not display Þeld service menu.

Remote Start Method Switch

[G/M/B/N]

Use both the Global Control and Status

the Multiprocessor Control Register

(MPCR) in shared RAM, methods to pass

and start execution of cross-loaded

programs.

Probe System for Supported

I/O Controllers [Y/N]

Accesses will be made to the appropriate

system busses (e.g., VMEbus, local MPU

bus) to determine presence of supported

controllers.

Negate VMEbus SYSFAIL*

Always [Y/N]

Negate VMEbus SYSFAIL after successful

completion or entrance into the bug

command monitor.

Local SCSI Bus Reset on

Debugger Startup [Y/N]

Local SCSI bus is not reset on debugger

startup.

Local SCSI Bus Negotiations

Type [A/S/N]

Asynchronous negotiations.

Industry Pack Reset on

Debugger Startup [Y/N]

Industry Pack(s) is/are reset on debugger

startup.

Ignore CFGA Block on a Hard

Disk Boot [Y/N]

Enable the ignorance of the ConÞguration

Area (CFGA) Block (hard disk only).

Auto Boot Enable [Y/N]

Auto Boot function is disabled.

A-4

Set Environment to Bug/Operating System

Table A-1. ENV Command Parameters (Continued)

ENV Parameter and Options Default

Meaning of Default

Auto Boot at power-up only

[Y/N]

Auto Boot is attempted at power-up reset

only.

Auto Boot Controller LUN

LUN of a disk/tape controller module

currently supported by the Bug. Default

is $0.

Auto Boot Device LUN

Auto Boot Abort Delay

LUN of a disk/tape device currently

supported by the Bug. Default is $0.

The time in seconds that the Auto Boot

sequence will delay before starting the

boot. The purpose for the delay is to allow

you the option of stopping the boot by

use of the Break key. The time value is

from 0 through 255 seconds.

Auto Boot Default String

[Y(NULL String)/(String)]

You may specify a string (Þlename) which

is passed on to the code being booted.

Maximum length is 16 characters. Default

is the null string.

ROM Boot Enable [Y/N]

ROMboot function is disabled.

ROM Boot at power-up only

[Y/N]

ROMboot is attempted at power up only.

ROM Boot Enable search of

VMEbus [Y/N]

VMEbus address space will not be

accessed by ROMboot.

ROM Boot Abort Delay

The time in seconds that the ROMboot

sequence will delay before starting the

boot. The purpose for the delay is to allow

you the option of stopping the boot by

use of the Break key. The time value is

from 0 through 255 seconds.

ROM Boot Direct Starting

Address

FF800000 First location tested when the Bug

searches for a ROMboot Module.

ROM Boot Direct Ending

Address

FFDFFFFC Last location tested when the Bug

searches for a ROMboot Module.

A-5

Configure and Environment Commands

Table A-1. ENV Command Parameters (Continued)

ENV Parameter and Options Default

Meaning of Default

Network Auto Boot Enable

[Y/N]

Network Auto Boot function is disabled.

Network Auto Boot at power-

up only [Y/N]

Network Auto Boot is attempted at

power up reset only.

Network Auto Boot

Controller LUN

LUN of a disk/tape controller module

currently supported by the Bug. Default

is $0.

Network Auto Boot Device

LUN

LUN of a disk/tape device currently

supported by the Bug. Default is $0.

Network Auto Boot Abort

Delay

The time in seconds that the Network

Boot sequence will delay before starting

the boot. The purpose for the delay is to

allow you the option of stopping the boot

by use of the Break key. The time value is

from 0 through 255 seconds.

Network Autoboot

ConÞguration Parameters

Pointer (NVRAM)

00000000 The address where the network interface

conÞguration parameters are to be

saved/retained in NVRAM; these

parameters are the necessary parameters

to perform an unattended network boot.

Memory Search Starting

Address

00000000 Where the Bug begins to search for a

work page (a 64KB block of memory) to

use for vector table, stack, and variables.

This must be a multiple of the debugger

work page, modulo $10000 (64KB). In a

multi-162 environment, each

MVME162LX board could be set to start

its work page at a unique address to

allow multiple debuggers to operate

simultaneously.

A-6

Set Environment to Bug/Operating System

Table A-1. ENV Command Parameters (Continued)

ENV Parameter and Options Default

Meaning of Default

Memory Search Ending

Address

00100000 Top limit of the Bug's search for a work

page. If a contiguous block of memory,

64KB in size, is not found in the range

speciÞed by Memory Search Starting

Address and Memory Search Ending

Address parameters, then the bug will

place its work page in the onboard static

RAM on the MVME162LX. Default

Memory Search Ending Address is the

calculated size of local memory.

Memory Search Increment

Size

00010000 A multi-CPU feature used to offset the

location of the Bug work page. This must

be a multiple of the debugger work page,

modulo $10000 (64KB). Typically,

Memory Search Increment Size is the

product of CPU number and size of the

Bug work page. Example: Þrst CPU $0 (0

x $10000), second CPU $10000 (1 x

$10000), etc.

Memory Search Delay Enable

[Y/N]

No delay before the Bug begins its search

for a work page.

A-7

Configure and Environment Commands

Table A-1. ENV Command Parameters (Continued)

ENV Parameter and Options Default

Meaning of Default

Memory Search Delay

Address

FFFFD20F Default address is $FFFFD20F. This is the

MVME162LX GCSR (global

control/status register) GPCSR0 as

accessed through VMEbus A16 space. It is

assumed that the MVME162LX GRPAD

(group address) and BDAD (board

address within group) switches are set to

ÔÔonÕÕ. This byte-wide value is initialized

to $FF by MVME162LX hardware after a

System or Power-on Reset. In a multi-162

environment, where the work pages of

several Bugs will reside in the memory of

the primary (Þrst) MVME162LX, the non-

primary CPUs will wait for the data at the

Memory Search Delay Address to be set

to $00, $01, or $02 (refer to the Memory

Requirements section in Chapter 3 for the

deÞnition of these values) before

attempting to locate their work page in

the memory of the primary CPU.

Memory Size Enable [Y/N]

Memory will be sized for Self Test

diagnostics.

Memory Size Starting

Address

00000000 Default Starting Address is $0.

Memory Size Ending Address

00100000 Default Ending Address is the calculated

size of local memory.

A-8

Set Environment to Bug/Operating System

Table A-1. ENV Command Parameters (Continued)

ENV Parameter and Options Default

Meaning of Default

Memory ConÞguration Defaults:

The default conÞguration for Dynamic RAM mezzanine boards will position the

mezzanine with the largest memory size to start at the address selected with the ENV

parameter ÔÔBase Address of Dynamic MemoryÕÕ. The Base Address parameter defaults

to 0. The smaller sized mezzanine will follow immediately above the larger in the

memory map. If mezzanines of the same size and type are present, the Þrst (closest to

the board) is mapped to the selected base address. If mezzanines of same size but with

different type (parity and ECC) are present, the parity type will be mapped to the

selected base address and the ECC type mezzanine will follow. The SRAM does not

default to a location in the memory map that is contiguous with Dynamic RAM.

Base Address of Dynamic

Memory

00000000 Beginning address of Dynamic Memory

(Parity and/or ECC type memory). It

must be a multiple of the Dynamic

Memory board size, starting with 0.

Default is $0.

Size of Parity Memory

00100000 This is the size of the Parity type dynamic

RAM mezzanine, if any. The default is the

calculated size of the Dynamic memory

mezzanine board.

Size of ECC Memory Board 0

Size of ECC Memory Board 1

00000000 This is the size of the Þrst ECC type

memory mezzanine. The default is the

calculated size of the memory mezzanine.

00000000 This is the size of the second ECC type

memory mezzanine. The default is the

calculated size of the memory mezzanine.

Base Address of Static

Memory

FFE00000 This is the beginning address of SRAM.

The default is FFE00000 for the onboard

128KB SRAM, or E1000000 for the 2MB

SRAM mezzanine. If only 2MB SRAM is

present, it defaults to address 00000000.

Size of Static Memory

00080000 This is the size of the SRAM type memory

present. The default is the calculated size

of the onboard SRAM or an SRAM type

mezzanine.

A-9

Configure and Environment Commands

Table A-1. ENV Command Parameters (Continued)

ENV Parameter and Options Default

Meaning of Default

ENV asks the following series of questions to set up the VMEbus interface for the

MVME162LX modules. You should have a working knowledge of the VMEchip2 as

given in the MVME162LX Embedded Controller Programmer's Reference Guide in order to

perform this conÞguration. Also included in this series are questions for setting ROM

and Flash access time.

The slave address decoders are used to allow another VMEbus master to access a local

resource of the MVME162LX. There are two slave address decoders set. They are set up

as follows:

Slave Enable #1 [Y/N]

Yes, set up and enable Slave Address

Decoder #1.

Slave Starting Address #1

00000000 Base address of the local resource that is

accessible by the VMEbus. Default is the

base of local memory, $0.

Slave Ending Address #1

000FFFFF Ending address of the local resource that

is accessible by the VMEbus. Default is

the end of calculated memory.

Slave Address Translation

Address #1

00000000 Register that allows the VMEbus address

and the local address to be different. The

value in this register is the base address of

local resource that is associated with the

starting and ending address selection

from the previous questions. Default is 0.

Slave Address Translation

Select #1

00000000 Register that deÞnes which bits of the

address are signiÞcant. A logical one ÔÔ1ÕÕ

denotes signiÞcant address bits, a logical

zero ÔÔ0ÕÕ non-signiÞcant bits. Default is 0.

Slave Control #1

03FF

DeÞnes the access restriction for the

address space deÞned with this slave

address decoder. Default is $03FF.

Slave Enable #2 [Y/N]

Do not set up and enable Slave Address

Decoder #2.

Slave Starting Address #2

00000000 Base address of the local resource that is

accessible by the VMEbus. Default is 0.

A-10

Set Environment to Bug/Operating System

Table A-1. ENV Command Parameters (Continued)

ENV Parameter and Options Default

Meaning of Default

Slave Ending Address #2

00000000 Ending address of the local resource that

is accessible by the VMEbus. Default is 0.

Slave Address Translation

Address #2

00000000 Works the same as Slave Address

Translation Address #1. Default is 0.

Slave Address Translation

Select #2

00000000 Works the same as Slave Address

Translation Select #1. Default is 0.

Slave Control #2

0000

DeÞnes the access restriction for the

address space deÞned with this slave

address decoder. Default is $0000.

Master Enable #1 [Y/N]

Yes, set up and enable the Master Address

Decoder #1.

Master Starting Address #1

02000000 Base address of the VMEbus resource that

is accessible from the local bus. Default is

the end of calculated local memory,

unless memory is less than 16MB, then

this register will always be set to

01000000.

Master Ending Address #1

Master Control #1

EFFFFFFF Ending address of the VMEbus resource

that is accessible from the local bus.

Default is the end of calculated memory.

DeÞnes the access characteristics for the

address space deÞned with this master

address decoder. Default is $0D.

Master Enable #2 [Y/N]

Do not set up and enable the Master

Address Decoder #2.

Master Starting Address #2

00000000 Base address of the VMEbus resource that

is accessible from the local bus. Default is

$00000000.

Master Ending Address #2

00000000 Ending address of the VMEbus resource

that is accessible from the local bus.

Default is $00000000.

A-11

Configure and Environment Commands

Table A-1. ENV Command Parameters (Continued)

ENV Parameter and Options Default

Meaning of Default

Master Control #2

DeÞnes the access characteristics for the

address space deÞned with this master

address decoder. Default is $00.

Master Enable #3 [Y/N]

Y/N

Yes, set up and enable the Master Address

(Depends Decoder #3. This is the default if the

on board contains less than 16MB of

calculated calculated RAM.

size of

local

RAM)

Do not set up and enable the Master

Address Decoder #3. This is the default

for boards containing at least 16MB of

calculated RAM.

Master Starting Address #3

00000000 Base address of the VMEbus resource that

is accessible from the local bus. If enabled,

the value is calculated as one more than

the calculated size of memory. If not

enabled, the default is $00000000.

Master Ending Address #3

Master Control #3

00000000 Ending address of the VMEbus resource

that is accessible from the local bus. If

enabled, the default is $00FFFFFF,

otherwise $00000000.

DeÞnes the access characteristics for the

address space deÞned with this master

address decoder. If enabled, the default is

$3D, otherwise $00.

Master Enable #4 [Y/N]

Do not set up and enable the Master

Address Decoder #4.

Master Starting Address #4

00000000 Base address of the VMEbus resource that

is accessible from the local bus. Default is

$0.

Master Ending Address #4

00000000 Ending address of the VMEbus resource

that is accessible from the local bus.

Default is $0.

A-12

Set Environment to Bug/Operating System

Table A-1. ENV Command Parameters (Continued)

ENV Parameter and Options Default

Meaning of Default

Master Address Translation

Address #4

00000000 Allows the VMEbus address and the local

address to differ. The value in this register

is the base address of the VMEbus

resource that is associated with the

starting and ending address selection

from the previous questions. Default is 0.

Master Address Translation

Select #4

00000000 DeÞnes which bits of the address are

signiÞcant. A logical 1 indicates

signiÞcant address bits, logical 0 is non-

signiÞcant. Default is 0.

Master Control #4

DeÞnes the access characteristics for the

address space deÞned with this master

address decoder. Default is $00.

Short I/O (VMEbus A16)

Enable [Y/N]

Yes, enable the Short I/O Address

Decoder.

Short I/O (VMEbus A16)

Control

DeÞnes the access characteristics for the

address space deÞned with the Short I/O

address decoder. Default is $01.

F-Page (VMEbus A24) Enable

[Y/N]

Yes, enable the F-Page Address Decoder.

F-Page (VMEbus A24) Control

ROM Access Time Code

Flash Access Time Code

DeÞnes the access characteristics for the

address space deÞned with the F-Page

address decoder. Default is $02.

DeÞnes the ROM access time. The default

is $04, which sets an access time of Þve

clock cycles of the local bus.

DeÞnes the Flash access time. The default

is $03, which sets an access time of four

clock cycles of the local bus.

MCC Vector Base

VMEC2 Vector Base #1

VMEC2 Vector Base #2

Base interrupt vector for the component

speciÞed. Default: MC2chip = $05,

VMEchip2 Vector 1 = $06, VMEchip2

Vector 2 = $07.

A-13

Configure and Environment Commands

Table A-1. ENV Command Parameters (Continued)

ENV Parameter and Options Default

Meaning of Default

VMEC2 GCSR Group Base

Address

SpeciÞes the group address ($FFFFXX00)

in Short I/O for this board. Default = $D2.

VMEC2 GCSR Board Base

Address

SpeciÞes the base address ($FFFFD2XX)

in Short I/O for this board. Default = $00.

VMEbus Global Time Out

Code

Controls the VMEbus timeout when the

MVME162LX is operating as system

controller. Default $01 = 64 µs.

Local Bus Time Out Code

Controls the local bus timeout. Default

$02 = 256 µs.

VMEbus Access Time Out

Code

Controls the local bus to VMEbus access

timeout. Default $02 = 32 ms.

Conﬁguring the IndustryPacks

ENV asks the following series of questions to set up IndustryPacks

(IPs) on MVME162LX VMEmodules.

The MVME162LX Embedded Controller Programmer's Reference Guide

describes the base addresses and the IP register settings. Refer to

that manual for information on setting base addresses and register

bits.

Note The IP2 ASIC on the MVME162LX supports up to four

IndustryPack (IP) interfaces, designated IP_a through

IP_d. The 700/800-series MVME162LX itself

accommodates two IPs: IP_a and IP_b. In the following

discussion, the segments applicable to IP_c and IP_d

are not used in the 700/800-series MVME162LX.

IP A Base Address

IP B Base Address

IP C Base Address

IP D Base Address

= 00000000?

A-14

Set Environment to Bug/Operating System

Base address for mapping IP modules. Only the upper 16 bits are

significant.

IP D/C/B/A Memory Size

= 00000000?

Define the memory size requirements for the IP modules:

Bits

Address

31-24

23-16

15-08

07-00

FFFBC00F

FFFBC00E

FFFBC00D

FFFBC00C

IP D/C/B/A General Control

= 00000000?

Define the general control requirements for the IP modules:

Bits

Address

31-24

23-16

15-08

07-00

FFFBC01B

FFFBC01A

FFFBC019

FFFBC018

A-15

Configure and Environment Commands

IP D/C/B/A Interrupt 0 Control = 00000000?

Define the interrupt control requirements for the IP modules

channel 0:

Bits

Address

31-24

23-16

15-08

07-00

FFFBC016

FFFBC014

FFFBC012

FFFBC010

IP D/C/B/A Interrupt 1 Control = 00000000?

Define the interrupt control requirements for the IP modules

channel 1:

Bits

Address

31-24

23-16

15-08

07-00

FFFBC017

FFFBC015

FFFBC013

FFFBC011

Before environment parameters are saved in the

NVRAM, a warning message will appear if you have

specified environment parameters that will cause an

overlap condition. The important information about

each configurable element in the memory map is

displayed, showing where any overlap conditions exist.

This will allow you to quickly identify and correct an

undesirable configuration before it is saved.

Caution

A-16

Set Environment to Bug/Operating System

ENV warning example:

WARNING: Memory MAP Overlap Condition Exists

S-Address

$00000000

$FFE00000

$01000000

$00000000

$F0000000

$FFFF0000

$FF800000

$FFF00000

$00000000

E-Address Enable Overlap M-Type

Memory-MAP-Name

Local Memory (Dynamic RAM)

Static RAM

VMEbus Master #1

VMEbus Master #2

VMEbus Master #3

VMEbus Master #4

VMEbus F Pages (A24/A32)

VMEbus Short I/O (A16)

Flash/PROM

$FFFFFFFF Yes

$FFE7FFFF Yes

$EFFFFFFF Yes

$00000000 No

$00FFFFFF Yes

$00000000 No

$FF7FFFFF Yes

$FFFFFFFF Yes

$FFBFFFFF Yes

$FFFEFFFF Yes

$00000000 No

Yes

Master

Slave

Local I/O

Industry Pack A

Industry Pack B

Industry Pack C

Industry Pack D

VMEbus Slave #1

VMEbus Slave #2

Slave

A-17

Configure and Environment Commands

A-18

BDisk/Tape Controller Data

Disk/Tape Controller Modules Supported

The following VMEbus disk/tape controller modules are

supported by the 162Bug. The default address for each controller

type is First Address and the controller can be addressed by First

CLUN during commands BH, BO, or IOP, or during TRAP #15

calls .DSKRD or .DSKWR. Note that if another controller of the

same type is used, the second one must have its address changed by

its onboard jumpers and/or switches, so that it matches the

ÔÔSecond AddressÕÕ value and can be called up by the ÔÔSecond

CLUNÕÕ value.

First

CLUN

First

Address

Second

CLUN

Second

Address

Controller Type

CISC Embedded Controller

MVME328 - SCSI Controller 1

MVME328 - SCSI Controller 2

MVME328 - SCSI Controller 3

$00*

$06

$16

$18

$FFFF9000

$FFFF4800

$FFFF7000

$07

$17

$19

$FFFF9800

$FFFF5800

$FFFF7800

*If an MVME162LX with an SCSI port is used, that board has CLUN 0.

B-1

Disk/Tape Controller Data

Disk/Tape Controller Default Conﬁgurations

Note SCSI Common Command Set (CCS) devices are the

only ones tested by Motorola Computer Group.

CISC Embedded Controllers -- 7 Devices

Controller LUN

Address

Device LUN

Device Type

$XXXXXXXX

SCSI Common Command Set

(CCS), which may be any of these:

- Fixed direct access

- Removable ßexible direct access

(TEAC style)

- CD-ROM

- Sequential access

B-2

Disk/Tape Controller Default Configurations

MVME328 -- 14 Devices

Controller LUN

Address

Device LUN

Device Type

$FFFF9000

SCSI Common Command Set

(CCS), which may be any of these:

- Removable ßexible direct access

(TEAC style)

$FFFF9800

$FFFF4800

- CD-ROM

- Sequential access

$FFFF5800

$FFFF7000

$FFFF7800

Same as above, but these are only

available if the daughter card for the

second SCSI channel is present.

B-3

Disk/Tape Controller Data

IOT Command Parameters for Supported

Floppy Types

The following table lists the proper IOT command parameters for

floppies used with boards such as the MVME328 and

MVME162LX.

Floppy Types and Formats

IOT Parameter

DSDD5 PCXT8 PCXT9 PCXT9_3 PCAT

PS2

SHD

Sector Size

0- 128 1- 256 2- 512

3-1024 4-2048 5-4096 =

Block Size:

0- 128 1- 256 2- 512

3-1024 4-2048 5-4096 =

Sectors/Track

Number of Heads =

Number of Cylinders =

Precomp. Cylinder =

Reduced Write Current

Cylinder =

Step Rate Code =

Single/Double DATA

Density =

Single/Double TRACK

Density =

Single/Equal_in_all Track

Zero Density =

Slow/Fast Data Rate =

Other Characteristics

Number of Physical Sectors

0A00

0280

02D0

05A0

0960

0B40

1680

B-4

IOT Command Parameters for Supported Floppy Types

Floppy Types and Formats

IOT Parameter

DSDD5 PCXT8 PCXT9 PCXT9_3 PCAT

PS2

SHD

Number of Logical Blocks

(100 in size)

09F8

0500

05A0

0B40

12C0

1680

2D00

Number of Bytes in Decimal 653312

327680

368460

737280 1228800 1474560 2949120

Media Size/Density

5.25/DD 5.25/DD 5.25/DD 3.5/DD 5.25/HD 3.5/HD 3.5/ED

Notes

1. All numerical parameters are in hexadecimal format unless otherwise noted.

2. The DSDD5 type ßoppy is the default setting for the debugger.

B-5

Disk/Tape Controller Data

B-6

CNetwork Controller Data

Network Controller Modules Supported

The following VMEbus network controller modules are supported

by the MVME162BUG firmware. The default address for each type

and position is showed to indicate where the controller must reside

to be supported by MVME162BUG. The controllers are accessed via

the specified CLUN and DLUNs listed here. The CLUN and DLUN

are used in conjunction with the debugger commands NBH, NBO,

NIOP, NIOC, NIOT, NPING, and NAB, and also with the debugger

system calls .NETRD, .NETWR, .NETFOPN, .NETFRD, .NETCFIG,

and .NETCTRL.

Controller

Type

Interface

Type

CLUN DLUN

Address

MVME162

$00

$02

$03

$04

$05

$06

$07

$10

$11

$12

$13

$14

$15

$00

$FFF46000

$FFFF1200

$FFFF1400

$FFFF1600

$FFFF5400

$FFFF5600

Ethernet

MVME376 #1

MVME376 #2

MVME376 #3

MVME376 #4

MVME376 #5

MVME376 #6

MVME374 #1

MVME374 #2

MVME374 #3

MVME374 #4

MVME374 #5

MVME374 #6

$FFFFA400 Ethernet

$FF000000

$FF100000

$FF200000

$FF300000

$FF400000

$FF500000

Ethernet

C-1

Network Controller Data

C-2

DTroubleshooting CPU Boards

Solving Startup Problems

In the event of difficulty with your CPU board, try the simple

troubleshooting steps on the following pages before calling for help

or sending the board back for repair. Some of the procedures will

return the board to the factory debugger environment. (The board

was tested under those conditions before it left the factory.) The

self-tests may not run in all user-customized environments.

Table D-1. Troubleshooting MVME162LX Boards

Condition

Possible Problem

Try This:

I. Nothing works,

no display on

the terminal.

A. If the FUSES

LED is not lit,

the board may

not be getting

correct power.

1. Make sure the system is plugged in.

2. Check that the board is securely installed in its backplane

or chassis.

3. Check that all necessary cables are connected to the board,

per this manual.

4. Check for compliance with System Considerations, per

this manual.

5. Review the Installation and Startup procedures, per this

manual. They include a step-by-step powerup routine. Try

it.

B. If the LEDs are

lit, the board

may be in the

wrong slot.

1. For VMEmodules, the CPU board should be in the Þrst

(leftmost) slot.

2. Also check that the Òsystem controllerÓ function on the

board is enabled, per this manual.

C. The Òsystem

consoleÓ

ConÞgure the system console terminal per this manual.

terminal may

be conÞgured

incorrectly.

D-1

Troubleshooting CPU Boards

Table D-1. Troubleshooting MVME162LX Boards (Continued)

Condition

Possible Problem

Try This:

II. There is a

display on the

terminal, but

input from the

keyboard

A. The keyboard or Recheck the keyboard and/or mouse connections and

mouse may be

connected

power.

incorrectly.

B. Board jumpers

may be

Check the board jumpers per this manual.

and/or mouse

has no effect.

conÞgured

incorrectly.

C. You may have

invoked ßow

control by

Press the HOLD or PAUSE key again.

If this does not free up the keyboard, type in:

<CTRL>-Q

pressing a

HOLD or PAUSE

key, or by

typing:

<CTRL>-S

III. Debug prompt

162-Bug>

A. Debugger

1. Disconnect all power from your system.

EPROM/Flash

may be missing

2. Check that the proper debugger EPROM or debugger

Flash memory is installed per this manual.

does not

appear at

power-up, and

the board does

not autoboot.

3. Reconnect power.

B. The board may

need to be reset. 4. Restart the system by Òdouble-button resetÓ: press the

RESET and ABORT switches at the same time; release

RESET Þrst, wait seven seconds, then release ABORT.

5. If the debug prompt appears, go to step IV or step V, as

indicated. If the debug prompt does not appear, go to step

VI.

IV. Debug prompt

162-Bug>

A. The initial

debugger

1. Start the onboard calendar clock and timer. Type:

set mmddyyhhmm <CR>

appears at

environment

parameters

may be set

incorrectly.

where the characters indicate the month, day, year, hour,

and minute. The date and time will be displayed.

powerup, but

the board does

not autoboot.

Performing the next step

(env;d) will change some

parameters that may affect

your systemÕs operation.

B. There may be

some fault in the

board hardware.

Caution

(continues>)

D-2

Solving Startup Problems

Table D-1. Troubleshooting MVME162LX Boards (Continued)

Condition

Possible Problem

Try This:

IV. Continued

2. At the command line prompt, type in:

env;d <CR>

This sets up the default parameters for the debugger

environment.

3. When prompted to Update Non-Volatile RAM, type in:

y <CR>

4. When prompted to Reset Local System, type in:

y <CR>

5. After clock speed is displayed, immediately (within Þve

seconds) press the Return key:

<CR>

BREAK

to exit to the System Menu. Then enter a 3 for ÒGo to

System DebuggerÓ and Return:

3 <CR>

Now the prompt should be:

162-Diag>

6. You may need to use the cnfg command (see your board

Debugger Manual) to change clock speed and/or Ethernet

Address, and then later return to:

env <CR>

and step 3.

7. Run the selftests by typing in:

st <CR>

The tests take as much as 10 minutes, depending on RAM

size. They are complete when the prompt returns. (The

onboard selftest is a valuable tool in isolating defects.)

8. The system may indicate that it has passed all the selftests.

Or, it may indicate a test that failed. If neither happens,

enter:

de <CR>

Any errors should now be displayed. If there are any

errors, go to step VI. If there are no errors, go to step V.

D-3

Troubleshooting CPU Boards

Table D-1. Troubleshooting MVME162LX Boards (Continued)

Condition

Possible Problem

Try This:

V. The debugger is A. No apparent

No further troubleshooting steps are required.

in system mode

and the board

autoboots, or

the board has

passed

problems Ñ

troubleshooting

is done.

selftests.

VI. The board has

failed one or

more of the

A. There may be

some fault in

the board

1. Document the problem and return the board for service.

2. Phone 1-800-222-5640.

tests listed

above, and

hardware or the

on-board

cannot be

corrected using

the steps given.

debugging and

diagnostic

Þrmware.

TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURE COMPLETE.

D-4

Index

VMEchip2 1-21

ASICs used on board 1-2

Numerics

162Bug 4-1

assembler/disassembler, creating a pro-

gram with 4-10

assertion, definition of 1-13

autoboot function 3-7

installation 3-3

162Bug (MVME162Bug) 2-3

162Bug command set 4-20

162Bug default controller and device pa-

rameters 3-19

autojumpering function 2-17

162Bug firmware 3-1

162Bug implementation 3-3

162Bug stack space 3-14

162Bug static variable space 3-14

162Bug vector table and workspace 4-13

172Bug

backplane jumpers 2-17

Backus-Naur syntax, debugger com-

mands and 4-3

base address, DRAM 2-18

base and top addresses 4-7

base identifier, nmeric values and 4-4

battery 1-19

battery-backed-up RAM (BBRAM) and

clock 1-21, A-3

BBRAM (battery-backed-up RAM) 1-21

BG (bus grant) signal 2-17

BH (bootstrap and halt) command 3-17

binary numbers 1-12

implementation of 3-3

27C040 EPROM 3-3

82596CA 1-23

Abort function 3-11

ABORT switch 1-14

address (command syntax) 4-3

address formats 4-6, 4-7

address range 1-28

block diagram 1-14

blocks versus sectors 3-15

BO (bootstrap operating system) com-

mand 3-17

board configuration 2-1

board layout 2-2

address ranges, EPROM 2-10

address/data configurations 2-18

addresses as command parameters 4-5

addressing disk/tape controllers B-1

addressing mode, extended 2-18

arguments, command line 4-3

arithmetic operators 4-3

ASCII string (command syntax) 4-3

ASICs

boot functions

autoboot 3-7

network boot 3-10

ROMboot 3-9

BOOTP protocol module 3-21

MC2chip 2-10, 2-12

IN-5

Index

Break function 3-12

BREAK key 3-12

bus grant (BG) signal 2-17

byte, definition of 1-13

address parameter formats 4-6

debugger command set 4-20

debugger commands

Configure Board Information Block

(CNFG) A-1

Set Environment (ENV) A-3

debugger overview 3-1

C programming language 3-3

cable(s) 2-17

debugger prompt 4-1

checksum, testing NVRAM contents

with A-3

debugger prompts 3-2

decimal numbers 1-12

CLUN (controller LUN) B-2, C-1

command identifier, debugger 4-3

command lines, debugger 4-1

command syntax, debugger 4-3

commands

defaul configuration, disk/tape control-

ler B-2

description of 162Bug 3-1

device LUN (DLUN) B-2, C-1

device probe function, 162Bug 3-16

diagnostic facilities 3-25

direct access devices B-2, B-3

directories

switching 3-25

disk I/O error codes 3-19

disk I/O support 3-15

disk I/O via 162Bug commands 3-16

disk I/O via 162Bug system calls 3-17

Disk I/O via 172Bug Commands 3-16

disk/tape controller data B-1

DLUN (device LUN) B-2, C-1

documentation

Configure Board Information Block

(CNFG) A-1

Set Environment (ENV) A-3

configuration, hardware 3-4

configuring IndustryPacks A-14

configuring the board 2-1

configuring VMEbus interface A-10

connections, serial cable 2-20

connectors on J17 (serial) 4-9

connectors, MVME162LX 1-27

console port 4-9

control bit, definition of 1-13

control module, network boot 3-21

controller and device parameters,

162Bug 3-19

non-Motorola 1-5

other applicable Motorola publica-

tions 1-4

controller LUN (CLUN) B-2, C-1

cooling requirements 1-10

count (command syntax) 4-3

creating a program 4-10

double precision real (floating point for-

mat) 4-19

double-button reset 3-11, D-2

downloading S-record object files 4-10

DRAM (dynamic RAM)

options 1-17

data bus structure 1-16

data terminal equipment (DTE) 1-22

date and time, setting 3-7

debug monitor 2-3

debug port 4-9

DRAM base address 2-18

DTE (data terminal equipment) 1-22

ECC DRAM 2-13

debugger

EIA-232-D ports 3-5, 4-13

IN-6

elevated-temperature operation 1-10

entering and debugging programs 4-9

entering debugger command lines 4-1

ENV command parameters A-4

EPROM (see 27C040 EPROM) 3-3

EPROM address ranges 2-10

EPROM and Flash memory 1-21

EPROM sockets 2-9

GCSR (global control/status register)

GPCSR0 bit A-8

GCSR (global control/status registers)

2-19

global bus timeout 2-18

global control/status registers (GCSR)

2-19

EPROM/Flash mapping 2-11

EPROM/Flash selection 2-12

error codes, disk I/O 3-19

error codes, network I/O 3-22

Ethernet C-1

station address 1-23

Ethernet driver 3-20

Ethernet interface 1-23

exception vectors, 162Bug 4-13

exponent field (floating point support)

4-18

expression (command syntax) 4-3

expressions as parameters 4-3

extended addressing mode 2-18

handshaking, forms of 3-6

hardware configuration 3-4

hardware features, description of 1-1

hardware functions, 162Bug 4-13

hardware interrupts 1-26

hexadecimal characters 1-12

high-temperature operation 1-10

host port 4-9

host systems, downloading object files

from 4-10

I/O support, network 3-19

IACK (interrupt acknowledge) signal

2-17

false, definition of 1-13

FCC compliance 1-12

indicators 1-14

features 1-6

firmware 2-3

IndustryPack (IP) modules 1-23

IndustryPacks

firmware console 3-5

defining general control require-

ments A-15

defining interrupt control require-

ments A-16

defining memory size requirements

A-15

firmware implementation 3-3

firmware overview 3-1

Flash memory 2-9, 3-3, 3-7

initializing 3-7

flexible diskettes, accessing B-2

floating point instructions 4-18

floating point unit (FPU) 4-18, 4-20

floppy disk command parameters B-4

format, S-record 4-10

IndustryPacks, configuring A-14

input/output control, terminal 4-1

installation

considerations 2-18

FPU (floating point unit) 4-18, 4-20

front panel switches and indicators 1-14

functional description 1-14

IP (IndustryPack) 2-15

MVME162LX 2-16, 2-18

installation and startup 3-3

instructions, floating point 4-18

IN-7

Index

Intel 82596 LAN coprocessor Ethernet

driver 3-20

J20 (EPROM/Flash configuration)

2-9

interface

J21 (general-purpose readable jump-

ers) 2-12

Ethernet 1-23

IndustryPack (IP) 1-23

SCSI 1-24

serial 1-22

serial communications 2-19

VMEbus 1-21

user-definable 2-12

LAN driver 3-20

LAN interface 1-23

LEDs 1-14

local bus

access from VMEbus 1-34

local bus arbiter 1-27

local bus timeout function 1-26

local processor resources 1-25

location monitors, GCSR and 2-19

longword, definition of 1-13

interprocessor communication 3-22

interrupt acknowledge (IACK) signal

2-17

Interrupt Stack Pointer (ISP) 3-14

interrupts, hardware 1-26

IOC (I/O control) command 3-17

IOI (input/output inquiry) command

3-16

IOP (physical I/O to disk) command 3-16

IOT (I/O teach) command 3-17

IOT command parameters for supported

floppy types B-4

IP (IndustryPack) installation 2-15

IP32 CSR bit 2-5

mantissa field (floating point support)

4-18

manufacturing test process 3-25

mapping, EPROM/Flash 2-11

MC2chip 2-10, 2-12

MC68040 cache 1-16

MC68040 MPU 1-16

MC68040 TRAP instructions 4-11

memory

EPROM and Flash 1-21

memory boards 2-13

memory map

ISP (Interrupt Stack Pointer) 3-14

jumper headers 3-3

J21 (general-purpose readable jump-

ers) 1-17

jumper headers, setting 2-3

jumper settings 2-2

local bus 1-28

jumpers

local I/O devices 1-31

VMEbus 1-34

backplane 2-17

J1 (system controller selection) 2-3

J11 (IP bus clock) 2-5, 3-5

J12 (SCSI terminator configuration)

2-6

J14 (SRAM backup power source) 2-6

J16 (Flash write protection) 2-7

J18 (IP bus strobe selection) 2-8

J18 (IP bus strobe) 3-5

J19 (IP DMA snoop control) 2-8, 3-5

VMEbus short I/O 1-34

memory mezzanine options 2-13

memory mezzanines

stacking options 2-14

memory options 1-17

memory requirements, 162Bug 3-13

metasymbols, command syntax and 4-3

mezzanine boards 2-13

IN-8

microprocessor, description of 1-16

MPCR (Multiprocessor Control Register)

method 3-22

MPU clock speed calculation 3-13

Multiprocessor Control Register (MPCR)

3-22

Multiprocessor Control Register (MPCR)

method 3-22

multiprocessor support 3-22

MVME162Bug 1-17, 3-1

MVME162Bug (162Bug) 2-3

MVME162LX block diagram 1-15

MVME162LX features 1-6

MVME162LX installation 2-16

MVME162LX specifications 1-9

MVME172 C-1

overview 1-1

parameters, 162Bug 3-19

parity DRAM 2-13

port 0 or 00 4-9

port 1 or 01 4-9

port 2 or 02 4-9

port 3 or 03 4-9

port number(s) 4-3

port numbers 4-9

program execution, remote 3-22

programs, entering and debugging 4-9

prompt, debugger 4-1

protocol modules

BOOTP 3-21

RARP/ARP 3-21

UDP/IP 3-20

MVME328 SCSI controller B-1, B-2, B-3

MVME374 C-1

protocol modules, TFTP 3-21

pseudo-registers 4-7

publications

MVME376 C-1

negation, definition of 1-13

network boot control module 3-21

network boot function 3-10

network controller modules supported

C-1

Non-Motorola 1-5

range (command syntax) 4-3

RARP/ARP protocol modules 3-21

reading a program from disk 4-10

registers, offset 4-7

network I/O error codes 3-22

network I/O support 3-19

non-volatile RAM (NVRAM) A-3

normal address range 1-28

no-VMEbus-interface option 1-17, 3-7

numeric values and base identifiers 4-4

NVRAM (non-volatile RAM) A-3