EmbeddedDNA ®
MEC-2050
PC/104 DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
用户手册
Rev. 1.2
Apr. 2006
1994-2006 Eurotech S.p.A. 版权所有
PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
3
定义与注释
下表中图标的注释适用于该手册。
图标
通知类型
注意
描述
重要信息和规定
提醒您注意对系统潜在的损坏或
可能对人员造成的伤害
警告
废弃物丢弃说明
处理本设备时，建议根据当地的废物处理法规将各个元件分开处理。确保已用电池的丢弃按当地废物法规。勿
将电池丢入火中 (易爆) 或普通废物罐。
当产品本身或其包装上印有此标记
时，说明产品不能当作普通家庭废弃物一样处理，而应当将
废弃物送往专门的电子电气垃圾回收处理中心。正确处理此类垃圾，能够避免对周围的环境和人体健康造成的
伤害和不良影响。欲获取更多的相关产品处理和回收办法，您可以联系当地相关机构，或回收服务中心等。
目录
定义与注释..................................................................................................................................................... 3
废弃物丢弃说明.............................................................................................................................................. 3
目录.................................................................................................................................................................... 5
简介.................................................................................................................................................. 7
DuraChassis 机箱介绍................................................................................................................................... 8
产品特性.................................................................................................................................................. 8
规范......................................................................................................................................................... 8
PC/104 概述............................................................................................................................................. 9
组成部件........................................................................................................................................ 11
组成部件....................................................................................................................................................... 12
组装步骤........................................................................................................................................ 15
步骤1：将所有的PC/104 部件进行堆栈.................................................................................................... 16
步骤3：将PC/104 卡插入卡架，安装剩下的两个滑轨................................................................................ 19
步骤4a：将减震器安装在卡架上(仅适用于抗震版) .................................................................................. 20
步骤5：将卡架插入机箱............................................................................................................................. 22
步骤6a：安装Dust端盖(仅适用于Dust版).................................................................................................. 23
步骤6b：安装NEMA端盖(仅适用于NEMA版)............................................................................................ 25
排除故障........................................................................................................................................ 27
技术和销售支持............................................................................................................................................ 28
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PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
返修服务....................................................................................................................................................... 28
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PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
DuraChassis 机箱介绍
DuraChassis 压铝制 PC/104 机箱是目前市场上具有代表性的、易于使用的加固型 PC/104 机箱之一。它由重
量轻、经过阳极化处理的铝制成。这是一个具有可移动的滑轨卡架部件的机箱系统，专为降低振动的影响和便
于插拔机箱内部的板卡而设计。
DuraChassis 机箱使 PC/104 系统的实用性上升到行业级的最高水平，便于根据不同的应用领域进行重新配置
和升级。该机箱的设计采用了挤压固定的橡胶轨，与传统的隔离支架相比，它提供了更简易的板卡插拔方法。
在卡架中可以安全地放置5 个PC/104 板卡，滑轨槽与板卡有4 个固定连接点，可以通过取掉4 个螺钉来移动
卡堆栈里的任何一个PC/104 模块。
该机箱具有抗强冲击震动的能力，适应于在移动、空运、海运和其它特殊的嵌入式 PC/104 环境中运行。安装
在滑轨卡架周围的 59 个硬度计 Silastic®硅胶减震器的重力负荷因子（G-Loads）为 10，这有效地降低了
PC/104 系统的重力负荷。这些特殊的减震器都经过了严格的实地测试，能够满足 MIL-STD 的要求。对于低冲
击/震动的应用，DuraChassis 提供了塑料滑轨垫片（而非隔震器）。
DuraChassis 采用了 6.0”的标准长度，能够容纳多达 5 个 PC/104 卡。它使用Dust 端盖或 NEMA 端盖防尘、
防水溅。Dust 端盖恰好与机箱末端齐平，而 NEMA 端盖比较厚，其盖缘可以包围机箱末端，使其对外界环境
的封闭性更好，通过可选配的垫圈（屏蔽电磁干扰的镀镍石墨或者橡胶垫圈）能使其达到 NEMA 4X 级保护标
准。端盖是空白的（不带接口），但是也可以收取少量的费用定制客制化的端盖。
DuraChassis 机箱底部有榫槽，可以与可选配的铝基板契合便于固定在墙壁或者其它位置上。机箱内部在两面
隔板上加入散热槽，扩大了表面积，使PC/104 系统更容易散热。
产品特性
• 由T6061 压铝合金制成
• 提供可达NEMA 4X 的保护（垫圈可选配）
• 可移动的卡架
• 灰色/完全抛光处理
• 卡架周围有0.5"空间用于连线
• 内部抗冲击/震动或者刚性连接
• 内部可安装多达5 个PC/104 模块
• 压铝制底部有用于安装底板的槽
• 简单快速组装和拆卸PC/104 卡架（无需隔离支架）
• 内部散热槽进行散热
规范
• 减震器：59 个硬度计Silastic®树脂橡胶
• 机箱尺寸：内部5.0" x 5.0" ，外部5.3" x 5.3" ，板厚0.15" ；长度：6.0"
• 容量：5 个PC/104 模块(6"机箱)
• 卡架：阳极化处理铝制轨，镀镍端盖
• 卡架尺寸：4.0” x 4.0” – 长度：4.0”
• 端盖重量和尺寸：Dust 端盖：0.22 磅或更少，5.3" x 5.3" x .062"；NEMA 端盖：0.45 磅或更少
，5.5" x 5.5" x 0.375"
•
NEMA抗震版：
PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
9
为恶劣的环境设计，防尘/防水/防电磁干扰和抗震动/抗冲击隔离要求，隔离垫圈可选。
•
Dust抗震版：
为标准环境设计，抗震动/抗冲击隔离要求。
PC/104 概述
PC/104 特点有：小尺寸结构(3.550" x 3.775")、堆栈式104 管脚的ISA 总线接口及其更低的总线信号驱动，
它的尺寸、可持久性、可扩展性、可靠性、高质量、低功耗使其非常适合于嵌入式计算。用户在桌面PC 系统
中能够找到的每一种功能，都可以在PC/104 系统中实现，这大大缩短了嵌入式系统的开发周期和投入市场的
时间。您可以从下面的链接地址了解到PC/104 的详细规范：
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PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
组成部件
一个DuraChassis 机箱包括以下部件：
(1) 一个5.3” x 5.3” 铝制外壳– 长度6.0” ；内部尺寸为5.0” x 5.0” 的完
全抛光压铝制外壳；厚度0.15"的壁板，上有间隔0.10”的凹槽以利于冷
却。
(2) 2 个5.3” x 5.3” Dust 端盖或5.5” x 5.5” NEMA 端盖– 铝制Dust 端盖厚度为0.062"；铝制NEMA 端
盖包括一个5.0” x 5.0” x .062" 的内部金属板，以及一个用来固定该内板的5.5” x 5.5” x 0.375"的外部环形
盖缘。标准的端盖是空白的（没有接口）。根据特殊需求可以定制端盖。
(24) 24 个圆头六角螺丝钉，4/40 x 0.1875” (仅用于NEMA 端盖) – 其中12 个把
内部的NENA 端盖板固定到外部的环形盖缘上。
(8) 8 个盘头菲利普螺丝钉，#6-32 x 0.500” – 其中4 个把每个Dust 端盖或者
NEMA 环形盖缘固定到5.3” x 5.3”的机箱上。
PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
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(8) 8 个#6 平面尼龙垫圈，0.312” x 0.140” x 0.032” – 其中4 个与Dust 端盖或者
NEMA 端盖上的4 个6-32 x 0.500”的菲利普螺丝钉配合使用。
(4) 4 个卡架滑轨– 镀黑铝板，带有橡胶垫，以适应0.6”标准的PC/104 板卡间隔，以及非标准板间隔（包
括接口模块以及PC/104 规范中位于"keep-out"区域的其它模块），长度为4.0”
(2) 两个卡架端盖– 在4 个卡架滑轨上，每个滑轨末端都放置了两个4.0” x 4.0” 镀锌
端盖。端盖中间有一个3.0”的方孔以便内部通风。
(8) 8 个#4 半圆头六角螺丝钉，40 x 0.1875” – 其中4 个螺丝钉用在卡架端盖
上，用以固定滑轨。
(8) 8 个减震器
(仅用于抗震版) – 6.0” DuraChassis 机箱包括8 个硅胶减震器，它们安
装在卡架上，计示硬度为59。减震器旨在降低PC/104 系统在空间受到
的重力负荷，其重力负荷（G-Loads）因子高达10。减震器内的4/40
六角螺丝钉将其固定在4 个卡架滑轨上。
(4) 减震器塑料塞(仅用于抗震版) – 减震器两端各有两个塑料塞，保证卡架
在机箱中的安全，防止可能造成的移动。
PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
17
步骤2：将2 个滑轨用螺栓连接在端盖上，开始组装滑轨卡架
所需部件：2 个卡架端盖，2 个卡架滑轨，4 个#4/40 x 0.1875”半圆头六角螺丝钉
所需工具：六角扳手
由于标准的 PC/104 电路板尺寸是 3.6” x 3.8”，每一个滑轨都有一个厚边、一个薄边。按照图 2 所示分别将两
个滑轨安装在端盖上。如图 3 所示，确保端盖的开槽口向上。用 2 个#4/40 螺丝钉将底部的滑轨固定在端盖两
端。不要完全拧紧。
注意：让端盖的开槽口向上，安装另外两个滑轨之后，可以更容易地插入 PC/104 板卡堆栈，这样不需要拆卸
整个机箱就可以方便地插拔板卡。
图2.
卡架与滑轨的正确安装位置示意图
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PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
图3.
将两个滑轨安装在卡架端盖上
PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
19
步骤3：将PC/104 卡插入卡架，安装剩下的两个滑轨
所需部件： PC/104 板卡堆栈、部分组装的卡架、剩下的两个滑轨、 其余的4 个 #4/40 x 0.1875”半圆头六角
螺丝钉
所需工具：六角扳手
小心地将 PC/104 板卡堆栈插入滑轨卡架（为了让板卡堆栈有更多的插入空间，可以再将端盖螺丝钉拧松一
点）。按照图4 所示，将剩余两个滑轨安装上在端盖的上方两个角，用两个 #4/40 六角螺丝钉固定在两边。如
图5，待板卡堆栈完全插入，等所有滑轨安装完毕，拧紧8 个螺丝钉。
图4.
插入PC/104 板卡堆栈、安装剩余两个滑轨
图5.
插入PC/104 板卡堆栈后组装卡架
PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
21
图7.
将减震器安装在卡架上
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PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
图10. 组装好的带有用户接口的DuraChassis（Dust 版）
PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
25
步骤6b：安装NEMA 端盖(仅适用于NEMA 版)
所需部件：内置板卡堆栈的5x5 机箱、8 个#6-32 x 0.500” 菲利普螺丝钉、8 个#6 平面尼龙垫圈、带有2 个端
盖内板的两个NEMA 端盖环、24 个#4/40x 0.1875 圆头螺丝钉
所需工具：菲利普螺丝起子、六角扳手
如图14 和15 所示，用12 个#4/40x0.1875 圆头螺丝钉将每个端盖板安装到环形盖上。使用用户提供的硬件
把所有的PC/104 系统外部接口安装到相应的NEMA 端盖上。用#6-32 x 0.500” 菲利普螺丝钉和垫圈将端盖
（内板以及外环）固定在机箱上。
图11.
安装NEMA 端盖
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PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
技术和销售支持
若有技术问题，请联系Eurotech 客户支持，或发电子邮件：
2. Phone：+39-0433-485411
3. Fax：+39-0433-485499
您也可以联系离您最近的Eurotech 销售公司，获得销售和商务方面的信息与帮助。
返修服务
在返还任何Eurotech的产品前，请您先将您的模型号、序列号、简短的错误描述以及您的详细联系方式发邮件
注意！返修任何产品必须有RMA 码
将板用防静电的盒子包装好，最好是坚固的纸板盒可以防止受到冲撞。
警告! 返回给Eurotech 的产品如果没有适当的包装，不在我们的质保范围内!
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PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
A.1 Safety Summary
The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation，service，and
repair of this equipment. Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this
manual violates safety standards of design，manufacture，and intended use of the equipment. Eurotech
SpA assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.
The safety precautions listed below represent warnings of certain dangers of which Eurotech is aware.
You，as the user of the product，should follow these warnings and all other safety precautions necessary
for the safe operation of the equipment in your operating environment.
Ground the Instrument
To minimize shock hazard，the equipment chassis and enclosure must be connected to an electrical ground.
The equipment is supplied with a three-conductor ac power cable；the power cable must be plugged into an
approved three-contact electrical outlet，with the grounding wire (green) firmly connected to an electrical
ground (safety ground) at the power outlet. The power jack and mating plug of the power cable meet
International Electro technical Commission QEC) safety standards.
Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere
Do not operate the equipment in the presence of flammable gases or fumes. Operation of any electrical
equipment in such an environment constitutes a definite safety hazard.
Keep Away From Live Circuits
Operating personnel must not remove equipment covers. Only Factory Authorized Service Personnel or
other qualified maintenance personnel may remove equipment covers for internal subassembly or
component replacement or any internal adjustment. Do not replace components with power cable connected.
Under certain conditions，dangerous voltages may exist even with the power cable removed. To avoid
injuries，always disconnect power and discharge circuits before touching them.
Use Caution When Exposing or Handling the CRT
Breakage of the Cathode-Ray Tube (CRT) causes a high-velocity scattering of glass fragments (implosion).
To prevent CRT implosion，avoid rough handling or jarring of the equipment. Only qualified maintenance
personnel using approved safety mask and gloves should do handling of the CRT.
Do Not Substitute Parts or Modify Equipment
Because of the danger of introducing additional hazards，do not install substitute parts or perform any
unauthorized modification of the equipment. Contact Eurotech technical staff or your local representative for
service and repair to ensure that safety features are maintained.
Observe Dangerous Procedure Warnings
Warnings，such as the example below，precede potentially dangerous procedures throughout this manual.
Instructions contained in the warnings must be followed. You should also employ all other safety
precautions，which you deem necessary for the operation of the equipment in your operating environment.
PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
31
Flammability
All Eurotech PWBs (printed wiring boards) are manufactured by UL-recognized manufacturers，with a
flammability rating of UL-V0.
EMI Caution
This equipment generates，uses and can radiate electromagnetic energy. It may cause or be susceptible to
electromagnetic interference (EMI) if not installed and used in a cabinet with adequate EMI protection.
CE Notice
This product complies with the EMC Directive (89/336/EEC). Compliance with this directive implies
conformity to the following European Norms：
¾
¾
EN55022 (CISPR 22) Radio Frequency Interference
EN50082-1 (IEC801-2，IEC801-3，IEC801-4) Electromagnetic Immunity
The product also fulfills EN60950 (product safety)，which is essentially the requirement for the Low Voltage
Directive (73/23/EEC).
This product was tested in a representative system to show compliance with the above-mentioned
requirements. A proper installation in a CE-marked system will maintain the required EMC/safety
performance.
Disclaimer of Warranty
THIS MANUAL IS PROVIDED ’AS IS’ WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND，EITHER EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED，INCLUDING，BUT NOT LIMITED TO，THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. The laws of some states and countries do not allow the
disclaimer of express or implied warranties in certain transactions；therefore，this statement may not apply
to you. As such，the above warranty disclaimer shall only apply to the extent permitted by law.
Notice
While reasonable efforts have been made to assure the accuracy of this document，Eurotech S.p.A.
assumes no liability resulting from any omissions in this document，or from the use of the information
contained therein. It is not warranted that the contents of this publication or any accompanying source code
examples，whether individually or as one or more groups，will meet your requirements or that the
publication or the accompanying source code examples are error-free. This publication could include
technical inaccuracies or typographical errors.
Eurotech reserves the right to revise this document and to change its contents at any time without obligation
to notify any person of such revision or changes.
Any reference to a licensed program in this publication is not intended to state or imply that you can use only
that licensed program. You can use any functionally equivalent program instead.
No part of this material may be reproduced or copied in any tangible medium，or stored in a retrieval
system，or transmitted in any form or by any means，radio，electronic，mechanical，photocopying，
recording or facsimile，or otherwise，without the prior written permission of Eurotech S.p.A.
Reliability
Eurotech has taken extra care of product design in order to ensure reliability. The two major ways in which
reliability is achieved are：
¾
The product is designed in top-down fashion，utilizing the latest in hardware and software
techniques，so unwanted side effects and unclean interactions between parts of the system are
eliminated.
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PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
¾
Eurotech tests each board by exercising its functions，burns it in under power，and retests it to
ensure that the infant mortality phase is passed before the product is shipped.
Life Support Policy
Eurotech products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems
without the express written approval of the president of Eurotech S.p.A.
Glossary
A
ATA
Advanced Technology Attachment，is a disk drive implementation integrating the controller on the disk drive.
There are several versions of ATA：
ƒ
ATA：Known also as IDE，supports one or two hard drives，a 16-bit interface and PIO modes 0，
1 and 2.
ƒ
ATA-2： Supports faster PIO modes (3 and 4) and multiword DMA modes (1 and 2). Also supports
Logical Block Addressing (LBA) and block transfers. ATA-2 is marketed as Fast ATA and Enhanced
IDE (EIDE).
ƒ
ƒ
ATA-3：Minor revision to ATA-2.
Ultra-ATA： Also called Ultra-DMA，ATA-33，and DMA-33，supports multiword DMA mode 3
running at 33 MBps.
ƒ
ATA/66：A new version of ATA，that will double ATA's throughput to 66 MBps
ATAPI
Short for AT Attachment Packet Interface，an extension to EIDE that enables the interface to support CD-
ROM players
B
BIOS
Basic I/O system. A set of routines that works closely with the hardware to support the transfer of information
between elements of the system ，such as memory ，disks ，and the monitor. Although critical to
performance，the BIOS is usually invisible to the end user；however，programmers can access it.
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PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
C
CELLULAR
Refers to communications systems where a geographic region is divided into sectors，called cells.
CPU
CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the heart (computational and control unit) of a computer.
This device interprets and executes instructions.
D
DMA
The Direct Memory Access is a technique for transferring data from the memory to a device. Data doesn’t
pass through the CPU.
DEVICE
It is any circuit performing a specific function.
E
ECP
Extended Capabilities Port. An asynchronous，8-bit–wide parallel channel defined by IEEE 1284-1944 that
provides PC-to-peripheral and peripheral-to-PC data transfers.
EEPROM
EEPROM (also known as E2PROM) stands for Electronic Erasable Programmable ROM.
This type of memory can be re-programmed by electronic signals.
EPROM
EPROM stands for Erasable Programmable ROM.
This type of memory can only be erased by ultra-violet (UV) light.
ETHERNET
It is a type of Local Area Network (LAN) architecture. Ethernet supports data transfer rates of 10Mbps.
A newer version of Ethernet，called Fast Ethernet (or 100Base-T)，supports data transfer rates of 100
Mbps. And the newest version，Gigabit Ethernet supports data rates of 1 Gbit (1000 megabits) per second.
F
FDC
Floppy Disk Controller. A special-purpose chip and associated circuitry that directs and controls reading from
and writing to a computer’s disk drive.
FIFO
First in/first out. A method for processing a queue in which items are removed in the same order in which
they were added.
Flash ROM
Flash ROM (like EEPROM) can be re-programmed by electronic signals. Usually a Flash ROM has a
capacity of 1MB.Into this memory usually resides BIOS and other useful programs or instructions.
PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
35
G
GPS
Global Positioning System is a worldwide satellite navigational system formed by satellites orbiting the earth
and their corresponding receivers on the earth.
GSM
Global System for Mobile communications，is one of the leading digital cellular systems，and uses
narrowband Time Division Multiple Access which allows eight simultaneous calls on the same radio
frequency.
H
HDC
Hard Disk Controller is a special-purpose chip and circuitry that directs and controls reading from and writing
to a computer’s disk drive.
I
IDE
Integrated Device Electronics is a disk drive interface where the controller electronics reside on the drive
itself. This allows elimination of the need for a separate adapter card.
IEEE
IEEE stands for Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers，pronounced “I-triple-E.” Founded in 1963，
IEEE is an organization composed of engineers，scientists，and students. IEEE is best known for
developing standards for the computer and electronics industry.
I/O
I/O (Input/output). Two of the three activities that characterize a computer (input，processing，and output).
Refers to the complementary tasks of gathering data for the microprocessor to work with and making the
results available to the user through a device such as the display，disk drive，or printer.
IRQ
IRQ (Interrupt ReQuest). A method by which a device can request to be serviced by the device’s software
driver. The system board uses a PIC to monitor the priority of the requests from all devices. When a request
occurs，a microprocessor suspends the current operation and gives control to the device driver associated
with the interrupt.
ISA
ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) is an 8-bit / 16-bit bus that provides a buffered interface from devices on
expansion cards to the PC internal bus.
L
LAN
LAN (Local Area Network). A group of computers and other devices spanned over a relatively limited area
(i.e. a single building).
LBA
LBA (Logical Block Address). A unit of data supplied or requested by a host computer.
36
PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
M
MIDI
MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface). An industry-standard connection for computer control of musical
instruments and devices. A hardware and data standard for communicating between hardware. Most
references involve only the data standard，which is a byte stream used for controlling musical instruments
and storing the output of such instruments.
MPEG
MPEG (Moving Picture Expert Group). Refers to one of several standard video-compression schemes. A
CODEC for squeezing full-screen，VHS-quality digital video into a small data stream so that it can be played
from a CD-ROM drive.
N
NDIS
NDIS (Network Driver Interface Specification). The interface for network drivers used in Windows and
Windows NT operating systems. NDIS provides a common mechanism by which any given NDIS-compatible
transport driver can communicate with any NDIS-compatible network adapter driver. Moreover，it provides
for multiple transports to work over multiple network adapters by supporting multiplexing between transports
and drivers.
NMI
NMI (Nonmaskable Interrupt). An interrupt that cannot be overruled by another service request. A hardware
interrupt is called nonmaskable if it cannot be masked by the processor interrupt flag.
NTSC
NTSC (National Television System Committee) of the Electronics Industries Association (EIA). The
standards-setting body for television and video in the United States. Sponsor of the NTSC standard for
encoding colour，a coding system compatible with black-and-white signals and the first system used for
colour broadcasting in the United States. The broadcast standard for the United States and Japan. See also
PAL format and SECAM.
O
OEM
OEM stands for Original Equipment Manufacturer. This acronym is used primarily to refer to PC systems
manufacturers.
P
PCI
PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) is a standard high-performance，32-bit / 64-bit bus，designed to
be used with devices that have high bandwidth requirements.
PCMCIA
PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association). Sometimes used to refer to a
controller for a type of expansion card documented in the PCMCIA standards.
PIO
PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
37
The Programmed Input/Output is a method of transferring data over the IDE interface. The other way is the
Direct Memory Access (DMA)
R
RAM
RAM (Random Access Memory). Semiconductor-based memory that can be read-from and written-to by the
microprocessor or other hardware devices.
ROM
ROM stands for Read Only Memory. This memory can only be read-from but not written-to.
S
SCSI
SCSI stands for Small Computer System Interface. It is an I/O bus designed as a method for connecting
several classes of peripherals to a host system without requiring modifications to generic hardware and
software.
SECAM
SECAM (Sequential Couleur a Memoire； Sequential Colour with Memory). The television standard for
France，Russia，and most of Eastern Europe. As with PAL，SECAM is based on a 50-Hz power system，
but it uses a different encoding process and displays 819 horizontal lines per frame at a scan rate of 25
frames per second (50 fields per second). See also NTSC and PAL format.
SMBus
SMBus (System Management Bus). A two-wire interface based on the I²C protocol. The SMBus is a low-
speed bus that provides positive addressing for devices，as well as bus arbitration.
SSD
SSD stands for Solid State Disk (i.e. Disk on Chip，Disk on Module，Flash ROM,).
In fact this is not a real disk but a silicon support memory without mechanical parts that are in movement.
TDMA
Time Division Multiple Access is a technology for delivering digital wireless service using time division
multiplexing，that is a type of multiplexing combining data streams by assigning each stream a different time
slot in a set.
U
UART
UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter)，is a module composed of a circuit that contains both
the receiving and transmitting circuits required for asynchronous serial communication.
USB
USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a 4-pin bi-directional，isochronous，dynamically attachable serial peripheral
bus that is capable of cascading low/medium speed peripherals (less than 10 Mbit/s)
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PC/104 – DURACHASSIS 5X5 机箱
V
VGA
VGA Video graphics array. A video adapter that supports 640 × 480-pixel colour resolution. A video display
standard for boot devices under Windows operating systems.
W
WAN
WAN stands for a wide-area network and it is a system of LANs (in geographically separated areas)
connected together via telephone lines and/or radio waves.
Acronyms and Abbreviations
A
Ampere
Advanced Power Management
AT Attachment
ATA Packet Interface
Basic I/O System
Direct Memory Access
Disk On Chip
LCD
LPT
LVD
MB
Mbps
MHZ
NIDS
NTSC
OEM
PAL
PCI
Liquid Crystal Display
Line Printer
Low Voltage Differential
Megabyte
Megabits per second
APM
ATA
ATAPI
BIOS
DMA
DOC
DOM
ECC
ECP
FDC
FDD
HDC
HDD
IDE
Megahertz
Network Driver Interface Specification
National Television System Committee
Original Equipment Manufacturer
Phase Alternation Line
Peripheral Component Interconnect
Disk On Module
Error Correction Code
Enhanced Capabilities Port
Floppy Disk Drive Controller
Floppy Disk Drive
Hard Disk Drive controller
Hard Disk Drive
Integrated Device Electronics
Institute for Electrical and Electronics
Engineers，Inc.
PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card
International Association
PIC
PIO
POST
RAM
Programmable Interrupt Controller
Programmed I/O
Power-On Self Test
IEEE
Random Access Memory
RAMDAC RAM digital-to-analog converter
I/O
IP
Input/Output
Internet Protocol
Interrupt Request
Industry Standard Architecture
Kilobyte
Kilobits per Second
Kilohertz
Local Area Network
Logical Block Addressing
SCSI
SMBus
TCP/IP
Small Computer System Interface
System Management Bus
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol
IRQ
ISA
KB
Kbps
KHz
LAN
LBA
USB
V
Universal Serial Bus
Volt
W
Watt
WAN
Wide Area Network
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