Yamaha Computer Drive CRW2100SX User Manual

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FCC INFORMATION

COMPLIANCE INFORMATION STATEMENT

(DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY PROCEDURE)

Responsible Party:

Address:

Yamaha Corporation of America

6600 Orangethorpe Ave.

Buena Park, CA 90620

714-522-9011

Telephone:

Fax:

714-228-3913

Type of Equipment:

Model Name:

CD Recordable/Rewritable Drive

CRW2100SX

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules.

Operation is subject to the following conditions:

1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and

2) this device must accept any interference received including interference that

may cause undesired operation.

See user manual instructions if interference to radio reception is suspected.

FCC INFORMATION (U.S.A.)

1. IMPORTANT NOTICE: DO NOT MODIFY THIS UNIT!

This product, when installed as indicated in the instructions contained in this manual, meets FCC requirements.

Modifications not expressly approved by Yamaha may void your authority, granted by the FCC, to use the product.

2. IMPORTANT: When connecting this product to accessories and/or another product use only high quality shielded cables.

Cable/s supplied with this product MUST be used. Follow all installation instructions. Failure to follow instructions could void

your FCC authorization to use this product in the USA.

3. NOTE: This product has been tested and found to comply with the requirements listed in FCC Regulations, Part 15 for Class

“B” digital devices. Compliance with these requirements provides a reasonable level of assurance that your use of this product

in a residential environment will not result in harmful interference with other electronic devices. This equipment generates/uses

radio frequencies and, if not installed and used according to the instructions found in the users manual, may cause

interference harmful to the operation of other electronic devices. Compliance with FCC regulations does not guarantee that

interference will not occur in all installations. If this product is found to be the source of interference, which can be determined

by turning the product “OFF” and “ON”, please try to eliminate the problem by using one of the following measures:

Relocate either this product or the device that is being affected by the interference.

Utilize power outlets that are on different branch (circuit breaker or fuse) circuits or install AC line filter/s.

In the case of radio or TV interference, relocate/reorient the antenna. If the antenna lead-in is 300 ohm ribbon lead, change

the lead-in to coaxial type cable.

If these corrective measures do not produce satisfactory results, please contact the local retailer authorized to distribute this

type of product. If you can not locate the appropriate retailer, please contact Yamaha Corporation of America,

6600 Orangethorpe Avenue, Buena Park, CA 90620 U.S.A.

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LASER INFORMATION

Laser Product Class: Class 1

Laser Diode Properties

CAUTION

Use of controls or adjustments or performance of

Wavelength: 780-787 nm

Pulse Durations and Max. Output

at the lens of the Laser Pickup Unit

procedures other than those specified herein may result

in hazardous radiation exposure.

Read Mode: 0.7mW

Write Mode: Max. 38mW

(for 166ns, Min. Cycle 86.6ns)

(Continuous)

ACHTUNG

Halten Sie sich beim Bedienen und Einstellen der

Bedienungselemente sowie bei der Bedienungsabfolge

an die Anleitung, da sonst gefährliche Strahlen austreten

können.

Laserprodukt-Klasse: Klasse 1

Eigenschaften der Laserdiode

Wellenlänge: 780-787 nm

ATTENTION

Impulsdauer und max. Ausgang an der Linse der

Laser-Abtasteinheit

L’emploi de commandes, de réglages ou un choix de

procédures différents des spécifications de cette

brochure peut entraîner une exposition à d’éventuelles

radiations pouvant être dangereuses.

Lesemodus: 0,7mW

Schreibmodus: Max. 38mW

(für 166ns, Zyklusmin. 86,6ns)

(kontinuierlich)

PRECAUCION

El usar los controles o ajustar o realizar procedimientos

diferentes a los especificados aquí resultará en

peligrosas exposiciones a la radiación.

Classe du produit laser: Classe 1

Caractéristiques de la diode laser

Longueur d’onde: 780-787 nm

Durée des impulsions et sortie maximum depuis

la lentille du bloc capteur optique

Mode de lecture: 0,7mW

Mode de gravure: max. 38mW

(pour 166ns, cycle min. 86,6ns)

(continue)

Clase de producto láser: Clase 1

Propiedades del diodo láser

Longitud de onda: 780-787 nm

Duración del pulso y potencia de salida máxima

en el objetivo de la unidad captora láser

CAUTION

VARNING

VARO !

VISIBLE AND / OR INVISIBLE LASER RADIATION WHEN OPEN.

AVOID EXPOSURE TO BEAM.

SYNLIG OCH / ELLER OSYNLIG LASERSTRÅLNING NÄR DENNA

DEL ÄR ÖPPNAD. STRÅLEN ÄR FARLIG.

AVATTAESSA OLET ALTTIINA NÄKYVÄLLE JA / TAI

NÄKYMÄTÖMÄLLE LASERSÄTEILYLLE. ÄLÄ KATSO SÄTEESEEN.

SYNLIG OCH / ELLER OSYNLIG LASERSTRÅLNING NÄR DENNA DEL

ÄR ÖPPNAD. BETRAKTA EJ STRÅLEN.

Modo de lectura: 0,7mW

Modo de escritura: máx. 38mW

(para 166ns, ciclo mínimo 86,8ns)

(continua)

VARNING

VORSICHT ! SICHTBARE UND / ODER UNSICHTBARE LASERSTRAHLUNG

WENN ABDECKUNG GEÖFFNET. NICHT DEM STRAHL AUSSETZEN.

ATTENTION

RADIATION VISIBLE ET / OU INVISIBLE LORSQUE L’APPAREIL

EST OUVERT. EVITEZ TOUTE EXPOSITION AU FAISCEAU.

DANGER - VISIBLE AND / OR INVISIBLE LASER

RADIATION WHEN OPEN. AVOID DIRECT EXPOSURE

TO BEAM.

CLASS

LASER KLASSE

LUOKAN LASERLAITE

LASER PRODUCT

PRODUKT

KLASS 1 LASER APPARAT

PRODUIT LASER DE CLASSE

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OWNER’S MANUAL

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SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

PLEASE READ CAREFULLY BEFORE PROCEEDING

These precautions explain how to use the device correctly and safely, thereby preventing injury to

yourself or to others. This section has been sub-divided into a WARNING section and a CAUTION

section, according to the likelihood and nature of any potential injuries or damage inflicted. They

relate to your personal safety, and also help you minimize the risk of damaging the device. Please

read these sections carefully before proceeding.

WARNING

Always follow the basic precautions listed below to avoid the possibility of serious injury or even

death from electrical shock, short-circuiting, damages, fire or other hazards. These precautions

include, but are not limited to, the following:

● Do not open the device or attempt to disassemble or modify it.

Otherwise, there is an increased risk of electrical shock or fire. The device contains no user-

serviceable parts. If it appears to be malfunctioning, have it inspected by qualified service

personnel.

● Do not look inside the device.

If you expose your eyes to the laser inside the device, you risk damage or loss of your vision.

● Do not insert fingers or foreign objects into the device.

Otherwise, there is an increased risk of personal injury, electrical shock, damage to the device or

fire. Please take particular care if small children are present.

● Do not expose the device to rain, use it near water or in damp or wet conditions or place containers

on it that contain liquids which might spill into any openings.

Otherwise, there is an increased risk of electrical shock, fire or personal injury.

● Follow the Owner’s Manual carefully.

Otherwise, there is an increased risk of personal injury, electrical shock, fire or damage to the unit.

Follow the correct procedure when setting up the device.

● If unusual smells, sounds or smoke emanate from the device or if liquids enter the device, switch

the computer off immediately and unplug it from the power outlet.

Otherwise, there is an increased risk of electrical shock, fire or damage to the device. Return the

device immediately to the store at which it was purchased or alternatively, to the nearest Yamaha

dealer (listed at the back of this manual).

● Make sure the computer is electrically grounded

Otherwise, there is an increased risk of electrical shock.

● When opening up the computer, always unplug the computer from the electrical outlet. Do not

touch the plug with wet hands.

Otherwise, there is an increased risk of electrical shock.

● When used in a fan-cooled system, the drive should not be exposed to temperatures outside the

range 5 ~ 35°C (41 ~ 95°F).

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CAUTION

Always follow the basic precautions listed below to avoid the possibility of physical injury to

yourself or others, or damage to the instrument or other property. These precautions include, but

are not limited to, the following:

● Always unplug the computer from the electrical outlet if it will not be used for a prolonged period of

time or if there is a risk of lightning.

Otherwise, there is an increased risk of electrical shock, short-circuiting or fire.

● Do not expose the device to excessive heat or vibrations such as in direct sunlight or near a heater.

Also avoid placing it in extreme cold or much dust.

Otherwise, the front panel may become disfigured or the internal components may be damaged.

● Do not use the device near other electrical products such as televisions, radios or speakers.

Otherwise, this may cause interference which can affect the proper operation of those other

products.

● Do not place the device in an unstable position.

Otherwise, it may accidentally fall down and be damaged or cause personal injury.

● Mount the device horizontally.

Otherwise, written data may be destroyed. Set the device up according to the instructions in the

Owner’s Manual.

● Always remove the disc from the tray before transporting the device.

Otherwise, written data may be destroyed.

● When cleaning the device, never use benzene, paint thinners, detergents or chemical-impregnated

wiping cloths. Also, do not place vinyl, plastic or rubber objects on the device.

Otherwise, the device may be damaged or its front panel may become discolored. Use a soft, dry

cloth to wipe the device.

● Do not rest your weight on or place heavy objects on the device and do not use excessive force on

the buttons, switches or connectors.

Otherwise, there is an increased risk of damage to the device or personal injury.

● Do not listen to audio with headphones at high volume and for prolonged periods of time.

Otherwise, there is an increased risk of hearing loss.

● Before using the device, set the volume dial to its lowest setting.

Otherwise, sudden bursts of sound can cause hearing loss.

● Do not place the device near sources of magnetic interference, such as computer displays.

Magnetic interference can affect the operation and stability of the device.

● Have the device serviced regularly.

Otherwise, dust can build up inside the device, increasing the risk of fire or damage. For

information about servicing charges, contact the store at which the device was purchased or

alternatively, the nearest Yamaha dealer (listed at the back of this manual). The device should be

serviced about once a year.

iii

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■ About CD-R/RW discs

Please read the following regarding the handling of CD-R/RW discs.

1. Do not expose discs to excessive heat such as in direct sunlight or near a heater.

Also avoid keeping them in a humid place.

2. Do not touch disc surfaces.

When handling a disc, hold it by its edges.

3. Remove dust and dirt from disc surfaces.

Use air-based dust removers. The surfaces may be scratched if wiped with a dry cloth.

4. Do not stick labels on disc surfaces.

5. Do not write on disc surfaces except where indicated.

6. Do not clean discs with chemicals or detergents.

7. Do not bend or drop discs.

1. The information contained in this manual is subject to change

without prior notice.

2. All trademarks contained in this manual belong to their respective

owners.

3. Yamaha does not bear any responsibility for any outcome as a

result of using this device.

4. Reproduction of this manual, either in part or in full, is expressly

forbidden.

■ Precautions for Transportation

Before transporting the device, always put it in its original box. If the device is transported

without adequate packing, the internal components may be damaged and cause the device

to malfunction.

■ Copyrights

When writing to CD-R/RW, make sure that you are not infringing any copyrights. It is illegal

to copy audio CDs for non-personal use. When backing up software, please make sure that

you are not infringing any software copyrights for that product.

■ WARRANTY

YAMAHA AND SUPPLIERS ACCEPT NO LIABILITY FOR THE LOSS OF ANY DATA OR

ANY PROBLEMS CAUSED AS A RESULT. AS A PRECAUTION, IT IS RECOMMENDED

THAT THE DISCS BE TESTED AFTER THEY HAVE BEEN WRITTEN TO.

FURTHERMORE, UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES DOES YAMAHA AND SUPPLIERS

GUARANTEE THE RELIABILITY OF THE DISCS.

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Table of Contents

Introduction ....................................................................... 1

Features of the CRW2100SX Drive................................................. 1

Before Use ......................................................................... 3

System Requirements ...................................................................... 3

Supported Discs .............................................................................. 5

Tools................................................................................................ 6

Front and Rear of Unit ........................................................... 7

Front Panel ..................................................................................... 7

Rear Panel ....................................................................................... 8

Setup Flowchart .................................................................. 9

Windows Users ............................................................................... 9

Macintosh Users ........................................................................... 10

Setup Procedures ............................................................... 11

Serial Number ............................................................................... 11

SCSI Settings ................................................................................. 11

Setting Up The CRW2100SX Drive .............................................. 14

Operation ......................................................................... 24

Loading a Disc .............................................................................. 24

Ejecting a Disc .............................................................................. 24

Ejecting a Disc in an Emergency................................................... 25

Troubleshooting ................................................................. 26

Appendix .......................................................................... 29

Writing Modes .............................................................................. 29

About the firmware ....................................................................... 31

LED Indicator Messages ................................................................ 32

CRW2100SX Specifications .......................................................... 33

Index ............................................................................................. 36

This document may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied,

reproduced, translated, transmitted or reduced to any electronic medium of

machine readable form without prior consent in writing from Yamaha.

Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.

All other trademarks are the property of their respective companies.

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Introduction

Features of the CRW2100SX Drive

High speed

The CRW2100SX drive supports up to 16X speed writing of a CD-R disc, and up

to 10X speed writing of a CD-RW disc. For example, an audio CD (79 minutes/

700MB) can be created in approximately 5 minutes. With newly adopted Partial

CAV writing method (See the following column), you can write a disc by directly

transferring content data from a 32X-speed or faster CD-ROM drive. Data

reading at up to 40X speed is supported.

CD TEXT support

The CRW2100SX drive is compatible to CD TEXT format. Information such as

the song name or artist name can be recorded using writing software. The text

data on the disc you create can be displayed by a CD player that is compatible

with CD TEXT.

Wide compatibility

Compatibility assurance data obtained through exchange of technical data with

major disc manufacturers ensures compatibility with discs from a very wide range

of manufacturers. 700MB discs are also supported.

High-fidelity audio

The CRW2100SX supports extracting digital audio data at up to 40X speed, as

well as recording digital sound with complete fidelity even when writing at 16X

speed.

Reliable writing

Yamaha’s proprietary Pure-Phase Laser System^*1improves jitter values^*2to allow

the signal to be recorded accurately. In addition, the 8MB buffer memory and

Running OPC^*3technology further enhance reliability.

Optimum speed

The CRW2100SX drive can write at an optimum speed^*4if the CD-R disc does not

allow 12X- or 16X-speed writing.

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Introduction

*1 Pure-Phase Laser System (patent applied for)

Technology that reduces phase interference of the laser beam, so that it shines accurately on the disc.

*2 Jitter value

An important measure of recording quality. This has been improved 25% compared with Yamaha models

not using this technology.

*3 Running OPC (Optimum Power Control)

CD-R/RW discs vary by manufacturer in their recording characteristics, and the laser output required

to write data differs by disc. Running OPC is technology that solves this problem by automatically

adjusting the output of the laser according to the material of the disc on which data is being written.

*4 If you attempt to write at 16X or 12X speed but the CRW2100SX drive detects that the quality of a

target CD-R disc and other things are inappropriate for such speeds, the drive will automatically slow

down the writing speed optimally for the disc.

About Partial CAV (Constant Angular Velocity)

Writing to a CD-R disc is normally done using CLV (Constant Linear

Velocity) method. In this method, the disc rotation speed will be so adjusted

as to keep a constant data transfer rate at any portion of the disc. In other

words, the disc rotation speed will vary in CLV writing.

In contrast, CAV (Constant Angular Velocity) method uses a constant disc

rotation speed at any portion of the disc whereas the data transfer rate will

vary. Because CAV method has an advantage to largely increase the data

transfer rate with a minimum load to the drive’s mechanism (compared to

CLV’s rotation speed adjustment), many of current CD-ROM drives use CAV

method.

CD formats define the constant linear density of written data (data should be

written onto the disc track in the constant pitch) so that amount of recorded

data per disc rotation will increase as the writing point moves from the inner

to the outer. In other words, in CAV writing the outer portion has an

increased data transfer rate.

The CRW2100SX drive uses CAV method in the inner portions as well as

CLV method in the outer portions (Partial CAV) in order to enable up to

16X-speed writing. The drive will control the disc rotation speed to start

writing at 12X speed in the inner portions, gradually accelerating up to 16X

speed and maintaining 16X speed in the outer portions.

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Before Use

System Requirements

In order to use the CRW2100SX drive, your computer system will need to meet

the following set of requirements.

n The CRW2100SX drive may not write at a maximum speed depending on your

computer’s system configuration.

PC/AT-Compatible Computer

CPU: Pentium II-class or higher, 300MHz or faster.

RAM: 32MB memory (64MB or more recommended).

n If you are using Windows 2000 operating system, you need 64MB or more memory.

A spare PCI expansion slot for a SCSI card (if one hasn’t been installed yet).

A SCSI card to connect SCSI devices (including the CRW2100SX drive) to your

computer. Make sure it has an internal bus connector. Yamaha recommends any

of Adaptec’s AHA-2940-series cards (PCI slot).

n For details about how to install the SCSI card, refer to the documentation that came

with it.

Operating System (OS)

Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 98 Second Edition, Windows NT4.0 with

Service Pack 3 or later, Windows 2000.

CD Writing Software

The CRW2100SX drive requires CD writing software to write onto a CD-R/RW

disc. When you use the CD writing software, make sure that it supports the

CRW2100SX drive.

n For details about how to install and use the software, refer to the documentation that

came with it.

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Before Use

For Macintosh computers

OS: Mac OS 8 or later.

CPU: PowerPC G3, 300MHz or faster.

RAM: 32MB (64MB or more recommended).

CD-ROM drive.

n Many Apple Macintosh computers have built-in SCSI connectors. However, if your

Macintosh does not have a built-in SCSI connector, you will need to purchase a PCI

bus SCSI card. (Yamaha recommends Adaptec’s PowerDomain 2930U card.)

n For details about how to install the SCSI card, refer to the documentation that

came with it.

n When you use the CD writing software, make sure that it supports the

CRW2100SX drive.

Hard Drive Space

When writing to a CD-R/RW disc, you will need a working area (50 to 100MB

free space) on the hard drive. When creating an image file for all data to write to

a CD-R/RW disc, in addition to the working area, you will need as much hard

drive space as that data (up to 900MB in total). However, such hard drive space

for the image file is not needed when you are directly writing from a hard drive,

CD-ROM drive or so on (on-the-fly writing).

n You can collect data files into a single disk image file for a CD-R/RW disc. That image

file can then be simply transferred and written onto a disc, avoiding writing errors

related to buffer underrun (a condition where writing is disabled due to under-

performance of the data transfer rate to the writing speed). Also, note that the image file

is useful to write multiple discs with the same content.

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Before Use

Supported Discs

The CRW2100SX drive can write to discs that carry the following logos.

CD-R discs^*1

The CRW2100SX drive can write to these discs at 1X, 2X, 4X, 8X, 12X,

or 16X speed. These discs can be played back in a CD-ROM drive or a

CD player.

n 16X-speed writing is enabled with Partial CAV method. (P. 2)

n When writing at 8X or faster speeds, use “high-speed writing capable”

discs.

CD-RW discs^*2

There are two types of CD-RW discs: those that support write/rewrite

speeds of 1X, 2X, and 4X, and those that support only 2X. The

CRW2100SX drive can write/rewrite at 2X or 4X speed on the first type

of disc and at 2X on the second type of disc. These discs can be read/

played on a device (e.g., CD-ROM drive) that supports “CD-RW.”

High Speed CD-RW discs^*3

These discs allow writing/rewriting at 4X to 10X speeds. The

CRW2100SX drive can write/rewrite these discs at 4X, 8X, or 10X speed.

These discs can be read/played by a CD-RW drive that bears the High

Speed CD-RW logo, or by a device (e.g., CD-ROM drive) that supports

“CD-RW.”

n 10X-speed writing is enabled with Full CAV method.

• In order to write, erase, or read these discs using a CD-R/

RW drive, a drive bearing the High Speed CD-RW logo must

be used. When using a CD-ROM drive to read these discs,

the drive must be capable of reading CD-RW discs.

• If these discs are used in a CD-R/RW drive not bearing the

High Speed CD-RW logo, the discs may not be recognized,

resulting in the computer not operating correctly or other

malfunctions occurring.

• Refer to the page at the URL below before attempting to read

these discs on a Yamaha CD-R/RW drive not bearing the

High Speed CD-RW logo.

URL: http://ww w .yamaha.co.jp/english/product/computer/

*1 Compatible with Orange Book Part 2.

*2 Compatible with Orange Book Part 3 Vol. 1.

*3 Compatible with Orange Book Part 3 Vol. 2.

n The Orange Book standard defines how all recordable discs (including CD-R and CD-

RW) are written. Part 2 of the Orange Book standard relates to CD-R discs, and Part 3 to

CD-RW discs. The standard was named after the color of the book’s pages.

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Before Use

About CD-ROM

A CD-ROM disc is a compact disc containing high-density read-only data. It

has many applications, including the playback of music and video, the

archiving of data, as well as on-line documentation. The following are

descriptions of each CD-ROM format:

CD-DA: Up to 79 minutes of stereo audio is written in 16-bit resolution at a

sampling rate of 44.1kHz for a 79 minutes disc.

Data CD: Up to 700 megabytes of computer data is stored in standard

ISO9660 format for a 700MB disc.

Video CD: These hold movies in which the video and audio data has been

compressed using MPEG-1 technology.

Tools

Phillips Screwdriver

You will need to use this when removing the cover of your computer and

installing a SCSI card.

n Make sure your screwdriver’s head is the correct size for the screws you need to remove.

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Front and Rear of Unit

Front Panel

The CRW2100SX drive’s front panel features the following:

Power switch

Press this button to

power up the drive

or to turn it off.

Manual Eject hole

Only use this if no other

method is available for

unloading a disc. (P. 25)

Eject button

Press this button

when you need to

open or close the

tray. (P. 24)

Disc tray

The tray is used to

hold the disc. It slides

out from the drive unit

when a disc needs to

be loaded or

unloaded. (P. 24)

Headphone jack

You can connect

stereo headphones

to this stereo mini

jack and listen to

audio CDs loaded

in the drive.

Headphone volume

control

LED

Indicates the operation

status of the CRW2100SX

drive. (P. 32)

Adjust this control to set a

suitable volume level when

listening to an audio CD

using the headphone jack.

Slide the knob to the left to

decrease the volume and to

the right to increase it.

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Front and Rear of Unit

Rear Panel

The CRW2100SX drive’s rear panel features the following:

TERMINATOR switch

This enables the drive’s

built-in SCSI termination.

Switch this to “ON” if your

drive is the last device on

the SCSI chain. Otherwise,

switch it to “OFF.” (P.13)

LINE OUT (L/R)

To listen to audio CDs with

your drive, connect these to

the line-level input (LINE IN)

of your stereo equipment

using a standard stereo

phono cable (sold

AC IN socket

Connect the included

power cable here. (P.20)

separately).

LINE OUT

TERMINATOR

OFF ON

CDR ID

SCSI

AC IN

st2

SER. NO.

❋❋❋❋❋❋❋❋

SCSI connectors

CDR ID selector switch

The drive’s SCSI ID number

is shown in the switch’s

window. Press the button

above the window to

Serial number sticker

This consists of 3 letters

and 7 digits. You may

need to refer to this number

when requesting User

Connect either of these to

your computer’s SCSI card

using the SCSI cable. The

other connector can be

used as a pass-through

when daisy-chaining more

SCSI devices to it. It can

be left vacant if your drive

is the last device on the

SCSI chain and is

decrement the SCSI ID

number, or the button

below the window to

Support services. (P.11)

increment it. (P.12)

terminated. (P.20)

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Setup Flowchart

These flowcharts show the procedure for setting up the CRW2100SX drive. For

easy cross-referencing, the relevant pages in this manual are also given.

Windows Users

STEP

^S1^TEP^{Do you have a SCSI card?}

Purchase a SCSI card

1-1

Recommended models:

Adaptec AHA-2940-series (PCI)

YES

^S2^TEP

^S3^TEP

Check that the SCSI card is

recognized correctly (P.22)

STEP

Install the SCSI card

1-2 _{Read this manual and insert the}

SCSI card into the appropriate

PCI slot on the computer.

Set up the CRW2100SX drive

1. Set the switches at the rear of the drive.

(P.12, 13)

2. Connect the SCSI and power cables,

then switch the drive on. (P.18-20)

^S4^TEP

Check that the CRW2100SX

drive is recognized correctly

(P.22)

^S5^TEP

^S6^TEP

Install the CD writing software

For details about how to install the

software, refer to the documentation that

came with it.

Start using the CRW2100SX

drive!

Use the drive to create audio CDs, to

back up data on your hard disk, or for

whatever purpose suits your needs.

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Setup Flowchart

Macintosh Users

STEP

^S1^TEP

^S2^TEP

Does your Macintosh have

a built-in SCSI connector?

Purchase a SCSI card

1-1

Recommended model:

Adaptec PowerDomain 2930U (PCI)

YES

STEP

Install the SCSI card

Set up the CRW2100SX drive

1-2 _{Read this manual and insert the}

SCSI card into the appropriate

PCI slot on the computer.

1. Set the switches at the rear of the drive.

(P.12, 13)

2. Connect the SCSI and power cables,

then switch the drive on. (P.18-20)

^S3^TEP

^S4^TEP

Check that the CRW2100SX

drive is recognized correctly

Use the Apple System Profiler and check

that the drive is recognized correctly.

Install the CD writing

software

For details about how to install the

software, refer to the documentation

that came with it.

^S5^TEP

Start using the CRW2100SX

drive!

Use the drive to create audio CDs, to

back up data on your hard disk, or for

whatever purpose suits your needs.

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Setup Procedures

Serial Number

Once you have taken the CRW2100SX drive out of its packaging, you should

immediately note down the serial number found at the rear of the drive under the

bar code. You may need to refer to this number when requesting Customer

Support services. In the box below the following diagram, write down the 10-

character serial number (consisting of 3 letters followed by 7 digits).

Serial number

(3 letters and 7 digits)

Serial No.

SCSI Settings

Before connecting your CRW2100SX drive to your computer, you need to set up

the drive using the switches located at the rear of the unit. You’ll need to set the

following:

● SCSI ID number

● Termination

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Setup Procedures

1 SCSI ID number

Each of the SCSI devices connected to the computer is identified by its SCSI ID

number. You need to assign a number from “0” to “7” for each SCSI device.

Commonly, ID number “7” is reserved for the computer’s SCSI card itself.

Therefore, your CRW2100SX drive can actually be assigned an ID number from

“0” to “6.” Press the top or bottom button of the CDR ID selector switch to

decrement or increment the SCSI ID number, as shown below.

Press to decrement SCSI ID number

SCSI ID number

Press to increment SCSI ID number

n The SCSI ID number for each device on the chain must be unique. Make sure the

CRW2100SX drive’s SCSI ID number is not the same as that of any other device on the

chain. By factory default, the CRW2100SX is assigned ID number “1” but this can be

changed.

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Setup Procedures

2 Termination

Terminators prevent SCSI signals from being reflected off the last device in the

chain. The SCSI terminator switch should be set to “ON” if your CRW2100SX

drive is the last device on the SCSI chain. If it is not the last device on the chain,

the TERMINATOR switch should be set to “OFF.”

Computer

Hard disk drive

(unterminated)

CRW2100SX

SCSI card

Terminator ON

n By factory default, the Terminator switch is set to “ON.”

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Setup Procedures

Setting Up The CRW2100SX Drive

There are three stages to setting up your CRW2100SX drive.

● Installing a SCSI card

You will need to open the casing of your computer and insert a SCSI card

(sold separately) if one has not been installed already.

n You will need a Phillips screwdriver to open the casing of the computer and to

secure the SCSI card in its slot.

n For details about how to install the SCSI card, refer to the documentation that came

with it and your computer.

● Connecting the drive

You will need to connect your CRW2100SX drive to your computer’s SCSI

card using a SCSI cable. You will also need to connect the included power

cable between the drive and an electrical outlet.

● Verifying the Hardware Installation

Before you can begin using your CRW2100SX drive, you need to verify that it

has been installed and recognized correctly.

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Setup Procedures

Installing a SCSI Card

1 Power down your computer and unplug it from the AC outlet.

If you proceed without doing this, you run the risk of receiving an electric

shock and/or short-circuiting and damaging components including the

CRW2100SX drive.

2 Remove the outer casing of the computer. If you need to remove screws in

the process, make sure you don’t lose them.

n The method for removing the casing can vary depending on the manufacturer.

For details, refer to the documentation that came with your computer.

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Setup Procedures

3 Touch a metal part of the computer’s chassis or power supply unit to drain

any static charge that may have built up inside your body.

Drain any static charge

You can permanently damage equipment if you touch it while there is any

static charge in your body.

4 Locate a free slot for the SCSI card and use a Phillips screwdriver to remove

the screw holding the slot’s blanking plate.

Remove screw

Remove blanking plate

Free slot

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Setup Procedures

5 Insert your SCSI card into the slot using both hands. Make sure it is seated

firmly in the slot. Then secure the card by replacing the screw used for the

blanking plate.

Replace screw

Insert SCSI card

6 Attach the outer casing of the computer and any screws that were removed.

Then reconnect the computer to the electrical outlet but do not power it up

yet.

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Setup Procedures

Connecting the Drive

1 Connect one end of the SCSI cable to your SCSI card.

SCSI card connector

Connect SCSI cable

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Setup Procedures

The CRW2100SX drive requires a D-sub half-pitch 50-pin pin-type

connector. The connector of your SCSI card may vary. You will need to

purchase a SCSI cable with connectors suitable for both your drive and your

SCSI card. The following are the most common types of SCSI connector:

D-sub half-pitch 50-pin pin-type (as found on CRW2100SX)

Half-pitch 50-pin Centronics

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Setup Procedures

2 Connect the other end of the SCSI cable to the rear of your CRW2100SX

drive. Either SCSI connector may be used.

SCSI connector

Connect SCSI cable

3 Connect the D-shaped end of the included power cable to the AC IN socket at

the rear of your CRW2100SX drive. Connect the other end of the cable to an

electrical outlet.

Electrical plugs/sockets vary according to country/region.

AC IN socket

Power cable

Electrical outlet

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Setup Procedures

4 Power up your CRW2100SX drive first, then your computer.

n When you power up the CRW2100SX, make sure the LED on the front panel blinks

in green attempting reading disc information. (P. 32)

Power ON

Always power up the devices in your SCSI chain before powering up your

computer. This will ensure that they are recognized by the computer’s

operating system.

Do not disconnect any devices in your SCSI chain while the computer is

on.

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Setup Procedures

Verifying the Hardware Installation

Windows Users

1 When the computer’s operating system is loading, your SCSI card will be

recognized and you will be prompted to install the drivers for it. Follow the

on-screen instructions and choose to reboot your computer at the end of the

driver installation procedure.

n For details about installing the drivers for your SCSI card, refer to the

documentation that came with it. Also refer to the documentation that came with

your computer’s operating system.

2 After the computer’s operating system (Windows 95/98/98 Second Edition)

has loaded, open the “Control Panel” and double-click on the “System” icon.

Select the “Device Manager” tab and double-click on “CDROM.” If the drive

has been correctly installed, it should be listed as shown below. Similarly,

double-click on “SCSI controllers” and the SCSI card should be listed as

shown below if it has been properly installed.

n For details about how to use the operating system, refer to the documentation that

came with it.

n If there is a

mark etc. next to the icon for the CRW2100SX drive or the

SCSI card, this means that it has not been installed correctly.

n When using Windows NT, you can verify by opening the “Control Panel,” double-

clicking on “SCSI Adapter” and clicking the “Devices” tab.

n For Windows 2000, double-click “System” in the “Control Panel,” select the

“Hardware” tab, and click the “Device Manager” button in “System Properties.”

* This is a screen shown in the Windows 98

Second Edition environment.

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Setup Procedures

3 Double-click “YAMAHA CRW2100S” listed under “CDROM” (in Windows

95/98/98 Second Edition) and click the Settings tab. Check the “Sync data

transfer” checkbox. With “Sync data transfer” enabled, the data transfer

between your CRW2100SX drive and your computer is synchronized,

meaning that the maximum possible data transfer rate can be achieved.

n For details, refer to the documentation that came with your SCSI card.

n When using Windows NT/2000, “Sync data transfer” will automatically be selected

if the SCSI card supports this feature. You will not need to change this setting.

* This is a screen shown in the Windows 98

Second Edition environment.

4 Install the CD writing software.

n For details about how to install and use the software, refer to the documentation

that came with it.

Macintosh Users

To check that the CRW2100SX drive is recognized correctly, you will need to use

the Apple System Profiler.

1 When your CRW2100SX drive and computer have powered up, install the CD

writing software.

n The installer simplifies the installation process. For details about how to install the

software, refer to the documentation that came with it.

2 Restart your computer.

3 Start your CD writing software.

4 Check that the CRW2100SX drive is recognized correctly.

n For details about how to use the software, refer to the documentation that came

with it.

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Operation

This section explains how to operate the CRW2100SX drive after you have

installed it. You can load and eject a disc (as described below) only when the

CRW2100SX is powered on.

Loading a Disc

1 Open the tray by pressing the Eject button on the CRW2100SX drive’s front

panel.

2 Place the disc onto the tray with its label or printing facing upward.

3 Press the Eject button to close the tray.

n Do not push or pull the tray using excessive force. Doing so can damage the drive

or the disc. Instead, always use the Eject button to open or close the tray.

Ejecting a Disc

1 Open the tray by pressing the Eject button on the CRW2100SX drive’s front

panel.

2 Remove the disc from the tray.

3 Press the Eject button to close the tray.

n It may not be possible to eject the disc tray while a disc is being read or in other

situations, depending on the SCSI command.

n Only remove the disc after the disc tray has opened fully. Otherwise, you risk

damaging the drive or the disc.

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Operation

Ejecting a Disc in an Emergency

If the disc tray fails to open for some reason, such as a power outage, you can

open it manually.

Manual Eject hole

Paper clip

You should attempt to eject a disc manually only as a last resort.

Malfunctions may occur if you do this too frequently.

1 Power down the computer and the CRW2100SX drive.

2 Find a pin-like tool with a diameter of 2mm or less to fit through the Manual

Eject hole on the drive’s front panel.

n A straightened large paper clip is ideal for this purpose.

3 Push the tool gently into the Manual Eject hole until the spring-loaded

mechanism ejects the tray and disc.

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Troubleshooting

Please also refer to the YAMAHA CD-R/RW Drives web site for more information.

YAMAHA CD-R/RW Drives web site URL:

http://ww w .yamaha.co.jp/english/product/computer/

Europe: http://ww w .yamaha-yste.com/

The drive does not power up.

● Make sure that the drive is properly connected to a “live” AC outlet using the

supplied power cable. If necessary, reconnect the cable.

● Make sure that the front panel POWER switch is depressed. As long as the LED

on the front panel lights up or blinks in green or orange, the drive is successfully

turned on. There may be no hardware trouble (P. 28). If you cannot see the LED

activity, consult your nearest Yamaha dealer for repair.

The computer does not start up.

● Is the SCSI card installed correctly? Please read the documentation that came with

your SCSI card for details.

The CRW2100SX drive is not recognized.

● Is the drive’s power cable attached correctly, and does the drive power up? Also, is

the SCSI cable connected correctly?

If the system has started up normally, you will be able to see the CRW2100SX

drive and SCSI card listed in Control Panel | System | Device Manager tab. The

drive will be listed as “Yamaha CRW2100S” when you double-click on CDROM

and the SCSI card will be listed when you double-click on SCSI controllers.

(→P. 22)

When you power up your computer, you can access the machine’s hardware SCSI

BIOS settings before Windows is loaded. You can set your computer to recognize

the SCSI card and CRW2100SX drive in the BIOS.

n Generally, the BIOS (Basic Input / Output System) is a small program that resides on

a ROM chip on the computer’s motherboard as well as on some expansion cards. It

checks the system and its devices (such as serial ports and hard disk controllers)

before loading the operating system (OS).

● Are you using the correct SCSI driver (mini-port driver)?

If the SCSI card has not been installed correctly under Windows 95/98/98 Second

Edition/NT/2000, make sure that you have installed the most recent SCSI driver

supplied by the SCSI card manufacturer.

For information about the latest version of driver, please contact the respective

SCSI card manufacturer.

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Troubleshooting

● Is the SCSI card recognized correctly by the operating system (OS)?

The SCSI driver for your SCSI card may be incorrect. For more details, contact the

SCSI card manufacturer.

● Is the drive’s SCSI ID number the same as that of another device on the SCSI

chain? (→P. 12)

● Are the pins and holes on the SCSI connectors straight and not deformed?

Check the connectors.

● Is the terminator on the CRW2100SX drive set correctly?

It should be set to ON only if it is the last device on the SCSI chain. Otherwise, it

should be set to OFF. (→P. 13)

● To write to CD-R/RW discs, your CD writing software must support the

CRW2100SX drive.

To find out if it does, contact the manufacturer of your CD writing software.

The disc tray does not come out.

● Is the CRW2100SX drive powered up?

● Some CD writing applications will lock the disc tray once loaded.

In which case, use the eject command from within the application. Alternatively,

read the manual that came with the application.

The disc keeps being ejected.

● Has the disc been placed on the disc tray correctly?

The drive does not operate correctly.

● Is the disc compatible with the CRW2100SX drive?

n Even if the disc is of a type compatible with the CRW2100SX drive, some varieties of

discs can still be unreadable on it.

● Is there dust on the disc tray or on the disc itself?

● Is the terminator of the last device in the SCSI chain set to “ON.” Or if it has no

built-in termination, has a terminator been attached?

● Does your computer have several different CD writing applications installed?

If you use more than one CD writing application simultaneously, the behavior of

the drive can become unpredictable.

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Troubleshooting

The drive ejects or fails to read the disc, or the LED on the front panel

remains lit in orange after the disc has been loaded (meaning that the

disc has not been recognized). (→P. 32)

● Power down the computer. Then disconnect the SCSI cable from your drive but

leave the power cable connected. Now try loading the disc.

● There may be problems with the disc itself. If the drive fails to recognize a variety

of discs including audio CDs, CD-ROMs and blank CD-R/RW discs (the LED on

the front panel remains lit in orange after any discs have been inserted), you

should contact your nearest Yamaha dealer.

Errors occur when writing a disc at a high speed directly from a separate

CD-ROM drive to the CRW2100SX drive.

● A possible reason is that the CD-ROM drive is not suitable. Please use a high-

speed CD-ROM drive. However, for various possible reasons, you may still

encounter errors even if you are using a 32X-speed or faster CD-ROM drive.

Therefore, before attempting high-speed writing directly from another CD-ROM

drive, you should check that it is possible to do so by choosing to test before

writing.

The “Buffer Underrun” error message is displayed.

● Try the following:

• Lower the writing speed setting.

• Create an image file of the CD on the computer’s hard disk.

• Defragment the hard disk.

• Turn hard disk power management off.

• Deactivate the Active Desktop (if you are using Internet Explorer 4 or 5).

• Disable network access.

• Close other applications (including screen savers, task schedulers, etc.).

n Errors can occur if you knock the CRW2100SX drive while it is writing to disc.

n When using packet writing on a CD-RW disc, the actual data capacity is 100MB less

than that stated on the cover of the disc. The difference in capacity is dependent on

the writing mode.

No sound is audible when playing back CD-DA (audio CD) discs.

● Check that the LINE OUT (L/R) connector of the CRW2100SX is connected

correctly to your sound card or amplified speakers.

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Appendix

Writing Modes

Disc-at-Once (DAO)

This mode is used when writing a complete disc in a single pass without pausing.

Data cannot be added later, even if the full capacity of the blank disc has not been

used.

Example: General CD-ROM

Data

Track 1

Any remaining space

cannot be used

Session 1

Lead-in

Lead-out

Audio

Example: Audio CD

Audio

Track 1 Track 2 Track 3 Track 4 Track 5 Track 6 Track 7

Any remaining space

cannot be used

Session 1

Lead-in

Lead-out

n The lead-in and lead-out areas signify the beginning and end points of a session. They

are not part of the data but contain information about the session itself. Basically, a

session consists of a lead-in, data, and a lead-out.

Track-at-Once (TAO)

This mode is used when writing data to a disc one track at a time. More tracks

can be added later if there is enough space left on the disc. This is why Track-at-

Once mode is sometimes referred to as Multisession.

Data

Track 1

Track 2

Track 3

Any remaining space

can be used

Session 1

Session 2

Session 3

Lead-in

Lead-out

/Lead-in

Lead-out

/Lead-in

Lead-out

n Only the first session of a multisession disc can be played back on a conventional audio

CD player. Single session discs can be played back completely.

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Appendix

Session-at-Once (SAO)

As a writing method that combines the advantages of the above-mentioned “Disc-

at-Once” and “Track-at-Once,” you can combine multiple tracks into one session

and write them, and then add additional data.

For example, this is the writing method used to create a CD EXTRA format CD.

The music tracks will be recorded in the first session, and the data will be

recorded in the second session.

Example: CD EXTRA

Audio

Data

Track 1

Track 2

Track 3

Track 4

Session 1

Session 2

Lead-in

Lead-out

/Lead-in

Lead-out

Packet Writing

This mode is used when writing to a track of a disc using small blocks of data

called “packets,” in a manner similar to a floppy disk. This mode is useful when

making small incremental backups of data. You will need to use software that

specifically supports packet writing, such as Adaptec’s Direct CD.

Packet

Same as writing to floppy or hard disk

n Discs must be formatted before they can be used for packet writing. With CD-RW,

erased data can be overwritten until the disc is completely full.

With CD-R, the space used by the erased data cannot be reused and is “masked” so that

it is no longer visible. This can be done up to 100 times.

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Appendix

About the firmware

Firmware is a small piece of software built into the CRW2100SX drive, and is

used to operate the drive. Since it resides in flash memory, it can be overwritten

and updated. To ensure more reliable operations and enhanced performance of

the drive, updates to the firmware will be made available. You can find

information about the most recent firmware for the drive on YAMAHA CD-R/RW

Drives web site.

URL for YAMAHA CD-R/RW Drives web sites:

http://ww w .yamaha.co.jp/english/product/computer/

Europe: http://ww w .yamaha-yste.com/

The most recent user support information, including firmware updates, can be

found in the YAMAHA CD-R/RW Drives web site. Please check this information

regularly.

Determining the firmware version of the CRW2100SX drive

(in Windows 95/98/98 Second Edition)

Go to Control Panel | System | Device Manager tab, double-click on CDROM,

then double-click on YAMAHA CRW2100S.

The firmware

SCSI ID number

revision indicated

here varies

depending on the

software version of

the drive.

When updating

the CRW2100SX

drive’s firmware,

you will need to

enter its SCSI ID

number. You can

check the

number here.

* This is a screen shown in the Windows 98

Second Edition environment.

n When using Windows NT, you can verify by opening the “Control Panel,” double-

clicking on “SCSI Adapter” and clicking the “Devices” tab. Then right-click on

“YAMAHA CRW2100S” and select “Properties.”

n On Windows 2000, the firmware version will not be displayed. Use your writing

software to check the firmware version.

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Appendix

Macintosh Users

Use your CD writing software to check the firmware version of your CRW2100SX

drive. For details about how to use the software, refer to the documentation that

came with it.

LED Indicator Messages

The following LED messages while the CRW2100SX drive is turned on.

Status

Indicator Messages

Lit

LED Color

Green

Orange

Green

—

Ready (with disc)

Ready (no disc)

Tray operation (opening/closing)

Tray fully opened

Reading disc information (TOC)

Initial access in writing

Writing (test mode)

Writing

Lit

Blinking (constant)

Out

Blinking (constant)

Blinking Fast (constant)

Flashing (inconstant)

Blinking Fast (constant)

Green

Orange

Green

Reading

Playing

Power saving (combined with

the computer's power saving)

—

Out

Failure

Orange

Flashing (inconstant)

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Appendix

CRW2100SX Specifications

Supported Formats

Write

Read

●

Play

● (*4)

CD-DA

●

CD-G

●

CD TEXT

CD-ROM (*1)

●

Mixed Mode CD-ROM

(CD-ROM+CD-DA)

CD-ROM XA (*1)

Photo CD (*1)

Video CD

●

● (*4)

●

● (*4)

● (*2)(*3)

●

CD-i

● (*3)

CD EXTRA (*1)

●

● (*4)

*1: includes multisession

*2: suitable disc required

*3: suitable application

software required

*4: suitable application software

required for playback

Note) Excludes ADPCM Encode/Decode & Video Encode/Decode functions.

Writing Methods

Disc-at-Once (DAO)

Session-at-Once (SAO)

Track-at-Once (TAO)

Packet Writing

Writing/Reading Speed

Writing CD-R

CD-RW

1X, 2X, 4X, 8X, 12X (CLV)

16X (12X ~ 16X Partial CAV)

2X, 4X, 8X (CLV)

10X (4X ~ 10X Full CAV)

Reading 40X (max.) Full CAV

Note) • DATA: 40X (max.)

• CD-DA: 40X (max.) in audio extraction

• CD-DA: 1X only in audio play

• Video CD: 10X (max.)

• Session closed disc: 40X (max.)

• Session unclosed disc: 12X (max.)

CD-R 1X, 2X, 4X, 8X, 12X, 16X (12X ~ 16X Partial CAV) writing:

Write Once discs specified in Orange Book Part II Ver. 3.1.

Note) Use a “high-speed writing” compatible CD-R disc for 8X

or faster writing.

CD-RW • 2X writing/rewriting: Rewritable discs specified in Orange

Book Part III Volume 1 Version 1.0.

• 2X or 4X writing/rewriting: Rewritable discs specified in

Orange Book Part III Volume 1 Version 2.0.

• 4X, 8X, 10X (4X ~ 10X Full CAV) writing/rewriting:

Rewritable discs specified in Orange Book Part III Volume 2

Version 1.0.

Data Capacity

700MB (79 min.)

650MB (74 min.)

550MB (63 min.)

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Appendix

Data Transfer Rate (Mode 1)

Burst Transfer Rate

1X: 150KB/sec.

2X: 300KB/sec.

4X: 600KB/sec.

8X: 1,200KB/sec.

10X: 1,500KB/sec.

12X: 1,800KB/sec.

16X: 2,400KB/sec.

24X: 3,600KB/sec.

32X: 4,800KB/sec.

40X: 6,000KB/sec.

5MB/sec. (max, asynchronous)

20MB/sec. (max, synchronous)

Data Buffer Size

Average Random Access Time

Sector Size

8MB (3,224 sectors)

160 msec. (reading)

2,048 ~ 2,352 bytes

SCSI-3 (Ultra SCSI)

Horizontal

Interface

Installing style

Disc Loading Type

Audio Out

Front auto-loading tray loading

Line Out

Frequency Range: 20 ~ 20,000Hz

Output Level: 700m Vrms

Voltage Rating

100 ~ 240V ±10% AC

Current Draw

0.4 A

Power Consumption

20W (when writing or reading)

10W (standby - during disc spindown)

7W (sleep - combined with the computer’s power saving)

Operating Environment

Temperature +5 ~ +35°C

Humidity

25 ~ 80% RH (no condensation)

Dimension

(includes projection)

Width: 193.2 mm

Height: 61.9 mm

Depth: 265.1 mm

Weight

2.4 kg

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Appendix

The CRW2100SX series complies with the following specifications

Compliance Specifications

Country / Region

Details