Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
ConnectORS
R
Signal (+ve)
Ground Sense (-ve)
Screen
Signal (+ve)
Gnd/Screen
Gnd/Screen
Left Signal
Right Signal
Ground
Signal Send
Signal Return
Gnd/Screen
Tip
Ring
Sleeve
Mix Outputs
Group Outputs
Aux Outputs
Direct Outputs
Headphones
Inserts
INPUTS, 2 TRACK RETURNS & FX RETURNS
(Note: All inputs are balanced, but unbalanced sources may be used as shown)
Balanced
3 pole Jack
Unbalanced
3 pole Jack
Balanced Mic
XLR
Unbalanced Mic
XLR
Hot (+ve)
Cold (-ve)
Gnd/Screen
Signal
Gnd/Screen
Gnd/Screen
2. Hot(+ve)
2. Hot(+ve)
3. Cold(-ve)
Link 3
to 1
Tip
1. Screen
1. Screen
Ring
Sleeve
POWER CONNECTOR PINOUTS
Pin 1
Pin 2
Pin 3
Pin 4
20V AC
n/c
1
4
3
2
0V
20V AC
(viewed from cable end)
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
2
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
ConNections - Input Channels
R
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
3
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
CONNECTIONS - MASTER SECTION
R
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
4
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
INITIAL SETTING UP
You will probably use your SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC with a wide range of different types of sound source, and these will
be at varying signal levels. It is important to set the GAIN of the inputs correctly to give the best performance.
Set up the individual Mono input channels as follows:
• Plug in the chosen source (usually the MIC input for mics and the LINE input for anything else). Plug in phantom
powered mics before switching the phantom power on. Set the channel fader fully down.
• Set the Group and Master Faders at ’0’ and GROUPS TO MIX pressed.
• Select MIX to C/Room & Phones.
• Check that SOLO MODE is released.
• Release the channel routing switches to route to Groups 1-2
• Provide the chosen source with a typical signal level and press the latching PFL button by the fader. The level of
signal will be shown on the right-hand Bargraph Meter (the Left meter will be switched off when the PFL button is
down).
• Adjust the input GAIN until the meter is just reaching the amber LED (0dB) at a typical maximum source level with
a steady signal. If the source signal is rich in high-level transients (e.g. drums) a rather higher meter reading of
+6/+9 will be needed to achieve an equivalent average level. This leaves enough headroom to cope with peaks
in the signal without distortion.
• Adjust each input channel in the same way.
• If you find that you cannot set a reasonable level within the range of the GAIN control when using a MIC input
on the Mono channels, try the LINE input instead.
Stereo inputs 11-14 do not have a GAIN control, since the typical source for these inputs will be external tape machines
or effects units which have a much more predictable signal level. Set the +4/-10 switch to +4 (released) initially, and
check the input level with the PFL switch as decribed above. If the level is too low, switch to the -10 input setting.
You will now have initial settings for each of the input sources and are ready to start building a mix.
• Connect your power amplifiers and speakers and set the gain of the amplifiers to about 70%.
• Move the individual channel faders gradually to the required working level, listening carefully for any hint of
feedback or overload. You may find that the input gain settings will need to be edged back slightly as the mix is
built up.
• Listen carefully for the characteristic sound of ‘feedback’. If you cannot achieve a satisfactory input level setting
without feedback, adjust microphone and speaker positions and try again.
Careful microphone placement and the choice of a suitable type of microphone is important for vocals. The aim should
be to place the microphone as close as possible to the source, to cut out unwanted surrounding sounds. This allows a
lower gain setting on the mixer and helps to avoid feedback. You will also find that a well-placed microphone will not
need any appreciable equalisation.
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
5
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
SETTING UP FOR RECORDING
While the connections to the FOLIO RAC PAC for PA work are quite straightforward, recording is rather more
demanding because the mixer is not only required to mix down input signals but also to provide a monitor mix for artists
to hear previously recorded tracks when overdubbing new parts. Two typical set-ups are as follows:
Stereo Recording to DAT
• Connect input sources and set gain as described above. Route the channels via the groups to Mix. Connect the
Mix L/R outputs to the tape inputs.
• Connect the tape outputs to the 2TK Returns. Set the level control on these returns at zero.
• Connect a monitor amplifier for foldback headphones or a monitor speaker to the Aux 1 output. Set the amplifier
volume to a normal listening level.
• Use the Aux 1 send controls on the tape channels to set up a mono monitor mix. (make sure that all other Aux 1
controls are fully off)
• If a compressor is to be used on an individual source, connect this to the channel insert point.
• Connect any effects required using Aux 2-6, and return them to the mix on the FX Returns or unused Stereo Returns
to allow the effect to be balanced with the original source.
It is important to match the input and output levels of your mixer and recording device to avoid distortion and create the
best recording.
• Set the recording level as recommended for your recording device, feeding a suitable signal from the Group or
Mix outputs.
• Monitor the signal going to the recorder by selecting the appropriate source on the C/Room & Phones source
select switches. Gradually increase the 2TK return level control while alternately switching between the monitor
source and 2TK until no change in level is detected.
8 Track Recording
• Connect input sources and set gain as described above. Set the C/Room & Phones source to MIX.
• Check that the GROUPS TO MIX button is released.
• Connect the direct outputs on the eight required channels to the recorder inputs.
• Connect a monitor amplifier for foldback headphones or a monitor speaker to the Aux 1 or Aux 2 (set PRE) output.
Set the amplifier volume to a normal listening level.
• If a compressor or other effect is to be used on an individual source, connect this to the channel insert point.
• Connect the recorder outputs to the 4 stereo returns. Route the returns to MIX. Alternatively, if only one or two
tracks are being recorded, the machine outputs could be brought back to spare mono inputs and routed to a group
for monitoring.
The C/Room & Phones will now be listening to the monitor mix, or, if selected to Groups will carry the source mix. Note
that the balance of these mixes will be essentially the same.
This configuration allows a very high quality recording to be made, with the signal passing through the shortest signal
path. The mixer may be reconfigured for a separate mix-down session to a stereo master at a later date.
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
6
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
THE CONTROLS IN DETAIL
MONO INPUT CHANNELS 1-10
1 TRIM
1
2
100
The TRIM control sets how much of the source signal is sent to the rest of the mixer. Too
high, and the signal will distort as it overloads the channel and causes clipping. Too
low, and the level of any background hiss will be more noticeable and you may not be
able to get enough signal level to the output of
the mixer. This is shown in the diagram on the
Clipped
Signal
3
right:
Noise
Setting the knob to the "+4U" mark gives unity
gain on the LINE input for nominal +4dBu
sources, which will be suitable for most
If the signal level is too high, clipping distortion
may occur.
professional equipment. Note that some
sound equipment, particularly that intended
for semi-professional use, operates at a lower
Signal
Noise
level (-10dBV) and will therefore need a higher
gain setting to give the same output level. A
second point marked "-10U" indicates the
unity gain setting for -10dBV sources.
If the signal level is too low it may be masked
by the noise.
See "Initial Setting Up" to learn how to set the
GAIN correctly.
4
MIC INPUT
The mic input accepts XLR-type connectors and is designed to suit a wide range of
BALANCED or UNBALANCED low-level signals, whether from delicate vocals requiring
the best low-noise performance or close-miked drum kits needing maximum headroom.
Professional dynamic, condenser or ribbon mics are best because these will be LOW
IMPEDANCE. While you can use low-cost HIGH IMPEDANCE mics, you do not get the
same degree of immunity to interference on the microphone cable and as a result the
level of background noise may be higher. If you turn the PHANTOM POWER on (top
right-hand side of the mixer) the socket provides a suitable powering voltage for
professional condenser mics.
5-6
5
6
DO NOT use unbalanced sources with the phantom power switched on. The voltage
on pins 2 & 3 of the XLR connector may cause serious damage.
Unplug any mics if you want to use the corresponding LINE Input to avoid the load
presented by the mic from affecting the Line Input gain.
LINE INPUT
Accepts 3-pole ‘A’ gauge (TRS) jacks. Use this input for sources other than mics, such
as keyboards, drum machines, synths, tape machines or guitars. The input is
BALANCED for low noise and immunity from interference, but you can use
UNBALANCED sources by wiring up the jacks as shown in the "Connectors" section
earlier in this manual, although you should then keep cable lengths as short as possible
to minimise interference pick-up on the cable. Unplug anything in the MIC input if you
want to use this socket.
7
8
2 100Hz HI-PASS FILTER
Pressing this switch reduces the level of bass frequencies only, and is a real bonus for
such a small mixer. Use this in live PA situations to reduce stage rumble or ‘popping’
from microphones.
10
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
7
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3 EQUALISER
dB
TYPICAL EQUALISER RESPONSE
20.0
BOOST
LF
SWEPT MID
HF
The Equaliser (EQ) allows
precise manipulation of the
sound, particularly to
improve the sound of
microphone sources where
the original signal is often far
from ideal due to poor
acoustics or restrictions on
where to place microphones
and where slight boosting or
cutting of particular voice
frequencies can really make
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
-5.0
-10.0
-15.0
-20.0
CUT
20
100
1k
10k 20k
Frequency/Hz
a difference to clarity. The EQ allows enough control to improve, for instance, bad
recordings or the precision to gently enhance vocal or live instrument tracks. There are
three sections, HF, MID and LF giving the sort of control usually only found on much
larger mixers. The EQ knobs can have a dramatic effect, so use them sparingly and
listen carefully as you change any settings so that you get to know how they affect the
sound.
HF EQ
Turn to the right to boost high (treble) frequencies by up to 15dB at 12kHz, adding
crispness to cymbals, vocals and electronic instruments. Turn to the left to cut these
frequencies by up to 15dB, reducing hiss or over-emphasis of high-frequency
consonants, which can occur with certain types of microphone. Set the knob in the
centre-detented position when a flat response is required.
MID EQ
There are two knobs which work together to form a SWEPT MID EQ. The lower knob
provides 15dB of boost and cut, just like the HF EQ knob, but the frequency at which
this occurs can be set by the upper knob over a range of 250Hz to 6kHz. This allows
some truly creative improvement of the signal in live situations, because this mid band
covers the range of most vocals. Listen carefully as you use these controls together to
find how particular characteristics of a vocal signal can be enhanced or reduced. Set
the lower knob to the centre-detented position when not required.
LF EQ
Turn to the right to boost low (bass) frequencies by up to 15dB at 60Hz, adding warmth
to vocals or extra punch to synths, guitars and drums. Turn to the left to cut low
frequencies by up to 15dB for reducing hum, stage rumble or to improve a mushy sound.
Set the knob to the centre-detented position when not required.
4 AUX SENDS
These controls route the input channel signal to any one or more of six Auxiliary which
are used to set up separate mixes for FOLDBACK, EFFECTS or recording, and the
combination of all the Aux Sends is mixed to the corresponding Aux Output at the rear
of the mixer. The controls are specially chosen to give a particularly smooth and useful
control range all round the scale while still maintaining nearly 90dB cut-off when turned
anticlockwise.
Aux 1 is always PRE-FADE and pre-EQ which is ideal for Foldback or Monitor feeds
where the send needs to be independent of the fader so that, for instance, the mix to
artists headphones is not affected by changes in fader level.
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
8
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
Aux 3 and 4 are always POST-FADE, ideal for Effects where it is useful for the Aux Send
to fade up and down with the fader. For flexibility, the Master Section AUX2 PRE switch
allows you to switch AUX 2 from post- to pre-fade across the whole mixer as required.
1
2
Aux 5 & 6 are identical to Aux 3 & 4 and may be selected as an alternative by pressing
the 5-6 switch.
100
Leave all of the knobs turned fully left when not in use.
5 PAN
This control sets the amount of the channel signal feeding the pairs of Groups, allowing
you to move the source smoothly across the stereo image. When the control is turned
fully right or left you are able to place the signal at unity gain to either Groups 2 & 4
or 1 & 3 respectively.
3
6 ROUTING
This switch selects either Groups 1 & 2 (switch released) or Groups 3 & 4 (switch pressed)
as the destination for the channel signal after it has passed through the PAN control.
7 FADER
The linear FADER gives you smooth control of the overall signal level in the channel
strip, allowing precise balancing of the various source signals being mixed to the Master
Section. You get most control when the input GAIN is set up correctly, giving a normal
fader position around the ‘0’ mark, generous control range below and some gain in
hand above the mark when you need that little bit extra. See the ‘Initial Setting Up’
section for help in setting a suitable signal level.
4
Note that the post-fader signal is available as a DIRECT OUTPUT from the channel to
feed tape tracks or other external equipment.
5-6
8 SOLO
The latching SOLO switch has two distinctive modes of operation, depending on the
position of the master section SOLO MODE switch. When this switch is released
(AFL/PFL) all channel SOLO switches function as PFL (Pre-Fade-Listen). When SOLO
MODE is pressed (IN PLACE) all SOLO switches become a SOLO-IN-PLACE facility.
5
6
In PFL/AFL mode, pressing the SOLO switch feeds the pre-fade channel signal to the
monitor output, headphones and Right Bargraph Meter, replacing the selected source.
You use this switch to listen to a channel signal without affecting the mixer outputs, to
check the signal quality or simply to check that it is there!
In SOLO mode, pressing one or more channel SOLO switches mutes all other channels
leaving the selected channels alone in the mix. The Stereo Returns or FX Returns are
not muted, and this allows the selected channels to be monitored in their true stereo
position, including any effects which may have been added.
7
8
The associated PEAK LED indicator normally warns when an excessively high signal
level is present in the channel. The signal is sampled just after the EQ section and the
LED will light approximately 4dB before clipping. This point is post-insert, and will
therefore take into account the effect of any equipment connected to the Insert jack.
When the SOLO switch is pressed the LED lights continuously to show which channels
are being monitored.
10
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
9
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
STEREO INPUT CHANNELs 11-14
These inputs accept 3-pole ‘A’ gauge (TRS) jacks. Use these inputs for sources such as
keyboards, drum machines, synths, tape machines or as returns from processing units.
The inputs are BALANCED for low noise and immunity from interference, but you can
use UNBALANCED sources by wiring up the jacks as shown in the "CONNECTIONS"
section earlier in this manual, although you should then keep cable lengths as short as
possible to minimise interference pick-up.
1
2
If you wish to use the channel with a mono source, plugging into the Left jack
automatically feeds the source to both sides of the channel.
1 INPUT +4/-10
Most professional equipment uses input and output levels of +4dBu, but
semi-professional tape machines or hi-fi systems use a lower level of -10dBV. This switch
allows you to match the sources connected to the Stereo input jacks to either standard,
which is important to ensure the best possible sound quality. If you are not sure which
input level is appropriate, start with the switch UP to select +4dBu. If you are unable
to achieve an adequate signal level (even with the fader at maximium), press the switch
in for -10dBV.
2 EQUALISATION
HF EQ
Turn to the right to boost high (treble) frequencies, adding crispness to percussion from
drum machines, synths and electronic instruments. Turn to the left to cut these
frequencies, reducing hiss or excessive brilliance. Set the knob in the centre-detented
position when not required. The control has a shelving response giving 12dB of boost
or cut at a fixed frequency of 12kHz.
3
LF EQ
5-6
Turn to the right to boost low (bass) frequencies, adding extra punch to synths, guitars
and drums. Turn to the left to reduce hum, boominess or improve a mushy sound. Set
the knob to the centre-detented position when not required. The control has a shelving
response giving 12dB of boost or cut at a fixed frequency of 60Hz.
4
5
3 AUX SENDS
These controls route a mono sum of the channel signal to any one or more of six Auxiliary
which are used to set up separate mixes for FOLDBACK, EFFECTS or recording, and
the combination of all the Aux Sends is mixed to the corresponding Aux Output at the
rear of the mixer. The controls are specially chosen to give a particularly smooth control
range at the lower end of the scale where it is most needed - quite unique on a mixer
of this type.
6
7
Aux 1 is always PRE-FADE which is ideal for Foldback or Monitor feeds where the send
needs to be independent of the fader so that, for instance, the mix to artists headphones
is not affected by changes in fader level.
Aux 3 and 4 are always POST-FADE, ideal for Effects where it is useful for the Aux Send
to fade up and down with the fader. For flexibility, the Master Section AUX2 PRE switch
allows you to switch AUX 2 from pre- to post-fade across the whole mixer as required.
Aux 5 & 6 are identical to Aux 3 & 4 and may be selected as an alternative by pressing
the 5-6 switch.
13
14
Leave all of the knobs turned fully left when not in use.
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
10
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
4 BALANCE
This control sets the amount of the channel signal feeding the pairs of Groups, allowing
you to balance the source in the stereo image. When the control is turned fully right or
left you feed only that side of the signal to the Groups selected by the Routing switch
(see below).
1
2
5 ROUTING
This switch selects either Groups 1 & 2 (switch released) or Groups 3 & 4 (switch pressed)
as the destination for the channel signal after it has passed through the BAL control.
6 FADER
The linear FADER gives you smooth control of the overall signal level in the channel
strip, allowing precise balancing of the various source signals being mixed to the Master
Section. It is important that the input level is set correctly with the +4/-10 switch to give
maximum travel on the fader which should normally be used at around the ‘0’ mark.
See the ‘Initial Setting Up’ section for help in setting a suitable signal level.
7 SOLO
The latching SOLO switch has two distinctive modes of operation, depending on the
position of the master section SOLO MODE switch. When this switch is released
(AFL/PFL) all channel SOLO switches function as PFL (Pre-Fade-Listen). When SOLO
MODE is pressed (IN PLACE) all SOLO switches become a SOLO-IN-PLACE facility.
3
In PFL/AFL mode, pressing the SOLO switch feeds a mono sum of the pre-fade channel
signal to the monitor output, headphones and Right Bargraph Meter, replacing the
selected source. You use this switch to listen to a channel signal without affecting the
mixer outputs, to check the signal quality or simply to check that it is there!
In SOLO mode, pressing one or more channel SOLO switches mutes all other channels
leaving the selected channels alone in the mix. The Stereo Returns or FX Returns are
not muted, and this allows the selected channels to be monitored in their true stereo
position, including any effects which may have been added.
5-6
4
5
When the SOLO switch is pressed the associated LED lights continuously to show which
channels are being monitored.
6
7
13
14
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
11
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
STEREO RETURNS
There are four Stereo Returns, which have similar controls but different routing
configurations to provide the maximum flexibility. Each Return has an
unbalanced stereo input on 3-pole ’A’ gauge (TRS) jacks. If a mono source is
to be used, plugging into the Left jack automatically feeds the signal equally to
both sides of the Return.
2
1
1 LEVEL
The LEVEL control sets the overall signal level, and enough gain is available to
match both +4dBu and -10dBV sources. Rotation clockwise increases the gain
of the input.
3
4
2 AUXILIARY SENDS
Each Return may access Aux 1 (Pre-fade) and one of the post-fade sends.
Returns A & C feed to Aux 3 and Returns B & D feed to Aux 4. The controls
should be turned fully anticlockwise when not in use.
1
1
4
4
3 BALANCE
This control sets the amount of the channel signal feeding the pairs of Groups
or Mix, allowing you to balance the source in the stereo image. When the control
is turned fully right or left you feed only that side of the signal to the destination
selected by the Routing switch (see below).
4 PFL
5
When the PFL (Pre-Fade-Listen) switch is pressed a mono sum of the pre-fade
signal is fed to the headphones or monitor output, replacing the selected source.
The PFL LED on the Master section illuminates to warn that the headphones,
monitor and right bargraph meter are now responding to the PFL/AFL selection.
5 ROUTING
This switch selects either a pair of Groups (switch released) or Mix (switch
pressed) as the destination for the Stereo Return signal after it has passed through
the BAL control. Returns A & B route to Groups 1 & 2, and Returns C & D route
to Groups 3 & 4. The left return signal feeds the odd-numbered Group or Mix
Left, while the right return signal feeds the even-numbered Group or Mix Right.
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
12
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
12
11
10
1
1
4
4
7
9
8
4
6
2
5
1
3
1
2 GRPS 3
4
MIX
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
13
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
MASTER SECTION
1 GROUP FADERS
Four Group FADERS set the overall level of the Groups, allowing the combined control of a selected number of input
sources. The Groups may feed external equipment directly through the ground compensated Group output jacks, or
may be mixed together to the stereo Mix output (see below). The faders should normally be set close to the ‘0’ mark if
the input GAIN settings have been correctly set, giving plenty of control below the mark and additional gain in hand if
required.
2 GROUPS TO MIX
Pressing this switch routes all Groups to the main stereo Mix. Groups 1 & 3 feed Mix Left and Groups 2 & 4 feed Mix
Right.
3 MIX FADER
A stereo fader controls the output level of the stereo Mix. The outputs are ground compensated 3-pole ’A’ gauge (TRS)
jacks. The Mix Left and Right signal paths have pre-fade INSERT points which provide a means of diverting the signal
to an external processing unit such as a compressor or limiter. Inserting a jack into the insert breaks the signal path and
allows the INSERT SEND (on the tip of the jack) to feed the input of the external unit and the INSERT RETURN (on the
ring of the jack) to receive the corresponding output. Note that if the tip and ring of the jack are shorted together the
signal path remains unbroken and the Insert may then be used as a way of tapping off the Mix signal before the fader.
4 2 TRACK (2TK) RETURN LEVEL
The unbalanced 2TK return jacks are an ideal place to connect the playback of a tape machine, without using up any
of the LINE inputs. This control sets the level of playback signal fed either to the MIX (when 2TK TO MIX is pressed) or
the headphones or monitor output, when 2TK is pressed. When set fully clockwise the inputs will be matched to -10dBV
sources, or will suit a +4dBu source with the LEVEL control at a lower setting. A mono source may be fed automatically
to both left and right by plugging into the Left return jack only.
The 2TK RETURN is also the best way of connecting a tape or CD player to feed pre-show music to a PA rig, since this
leaves all input settings unaltered. It can also serve as the return from an Effects unit to save using up Line Inputs.
5 2TK TO MIX
Press this switch to route the 2TK RETURN signal directly to the mix outputs. Adjust the input level with the 2TK RETURN
LEVEL control. The 2TK Return signal will now be present at the Mix outputs, at a level set by the Master Fader.
6 C/ROOM & PHONES SECTION
The rotary control sets the output level to the MONITOR LEFT & RIGHT outputs. If HEADPHONES are plugged into the
PHNS jack the Monitor outputs are cut off, and the knob then sets the headphone listening level. When the PHONES
are unplugged the Monitor output is restored.
The section may listen to a choice of sources: 2TK Return, Groups and Mix as selected on the four switches. The selected
source is also displayed on the bargraph meters.
If any PFL or AFL switch is pressed the selected signal is replaced by the appropriate PFL or AFL signal, which will also
be displayed on the right bargraph meter.
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
14
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
12
11
10
1
1
4
4
7
9
8
4
6
2
5
1
3
1
2 GRPS 3
4
MIX
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
15
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
AUXILIARY MASTERS
The Master section houses the summing amplifiers for each of the Auxiliary Send , and feeds the signal via ground
compensated output amplifiers to the Auxiliary Output jacks.
7 AUX AFL
The individual outgoing Aux signals may be monitored on the control room outputs or headphones by pressing the
appropriate AFL (After-Fade-Listen) switch. The selected signal is also displayed on the right bargraph meter.
8 AUX 2 PRE
Aux 2 is normally post-fade, but for flexibility it may be switched to pre-fade by pressing the AUX 2 PRE switch. This
simultaneously affects all Aux 2 sends across the mixer.
9 SOLO MODE
All channel SOLO switches are normally a non-destructive PFL (Pre-Fade-Listen). When SOLO MODE is pressed,
SOLO-IN-PLACE mode is activated. If any channel SOLO switch is pressed the SIP LED will illuminate and all other
channels (but not Stereo, FX or 2TK Returns) are cut, leaving the selected channel, complete with effects in the mix. While
SOLO-IN-PLACE is active, if any PFL or AFL switch is pressed the C/Room & Phones and meters will silently switch over
to monitor the selected signal, but the mix output will remain. Releasing the AFL/PFL re-instates the solo signal.
10 FX RETURNS
The unbalanced FX Return jacks are an ideal place to connect the output of an effects unit, without using up any of the
LINE inputs. This control sets the level of the signal fed directly to the MIX. When set fully clockwise the inputs will be
matched to -10dBV sources, or will suit +4dBu sources with the controls at a lower setting. A mono source may be fed
automatically to both left and right by plugging into the Left return jack only. A CUT switch mutes both FX Returns if
required.
11 BARGRAPH METERS
The three colour BARGRAPH METERS have a PEAK response and normally follow the Monitor selection, giving you a
constant warning of excessive peaks in the signal which might cause overloading. The fast attack of the meters means
that a signal with high level transients (e.g. kick drum) will tend to give a higher reading than a less dynamic signal (e.g.
a synth) at the same level. You should therefore aim for an average reading of +6/+9 if the mix contains a high
proportion of high level transients and a lower reading of around ‘0’ for steadier signals with the Master Faders at
about the ‘0’ mark.
If the output level is too low and hardly registering at all on the meters, the level of background noise may become
significant. In this case check that input levels and gain settings are correct (see the section -- Initial Setting Up)
When an AFL or PFL switch is pressed the selected meter signal is muted and the right meter will display the selected
PFL/AFL signal.
N.B. The ’0’ position on the meters corresponds to +4dBu at the selected output.
12 PHANTOM POWER
Many professional condenser mics need PHANTOM POWER, which is a method of sending a powering voltage down
the same wires as the mic signal. Press the switch to enable the +48V power to the MIC inputs on channels 1-10.
DO NOT turn on the phantom power when using unbalanced mics which may be damaged by the voltage applied to
pin 2 & 3 of the mic input XLR.
Note: Mics should always be plugged in before switching the Phantom Power ON.
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
16
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
Applications
Multitrack Recording
This example illustrates how Rac Pac may be set up for multitrack recording to eight tracks. Individual instrument or
vocal tracks are recorded on Digital Multitracks by connecting the channel Direct Outputs to the tape inputs. The outputs
from the Multitrack are brought back on the Stereo Returns (or spare mono channels if only one or two tracks are being
recorded). A compressor is included on the insert of one of the vocal channels. An Artists Phones mix is derived from
Aux 1 (or Aux 2 selected pre-fade).
R
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
17
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
Stereo Public Address
In this basic PA set-up, various sources are connected to the inputs, microphones to Mic inputs and keyboards etc. to
Line inputs. Note that some guitars will not produce sufficient level for a direct connection, and will require a Direct
Injection (DI) box connected via the microphone input. The mic channel has a compressor/limiter included in the insert
point and a feed to a reverb unit from the direct output. The reverb output is brought back to the mix on FX Return 1.
The output is taken from Mix L & R and connected to the speakers via a suitable power amplifier. A compressor/limiter
(or graphic equaliser if required) is included in the Mix Inserts, and a cassette machine connects to the 2TK Return to
provide interval music. The Groups may be used to combine several inputs under the control of a single fader before
mixing to the L & R outputs.
R
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
18
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
Relocating the connector panel
The connector panel is fitted as standard to the rear of the frame, allowing the mixer to be used as a free-standing,
desktop unit. If the mixer is to be rack-mounted, it may be found more convenient to move the connector panel to the
optional position in the base of the frame, opposite the front panel, giving rear access to connectors when fitted in the
rack. A cover plate is mounted in the alternative position, and this is swapped with the connector panel in a
straightforward procedure described below:
1
Carefully lay the mixer face down on a flat surface provided with some protective padding. During the following
steps take care not to apply excessive pressure or damage the control knobs.
2
Using a cross-head screwdriver remove the four screws "A" (2 each side) fixing the cover plate through the side
panels of the mixer.
3
4
Release the cover plate by next removing the
six screws "B" fixing the plate to the base
panel and connector panel. Lay the cover
plate to one side.
B
A
Now remove the three screws "D" fixing the
connector panel to the top edge of the
C
A
B
mixer. The connector panel will still be
supported by the fixings through the side
panels.
M S P S
S P S
5
6
Loosen the four screws "C" fixing the
connector panel to the side panels. Now,
supporting the connector panel with one
hand, remove the four screws completely,
freeing the panel.
C
D
M S P S
S P S
Front Panel
Swapping the supporting hand, rotate the
panel backwards, taking care not to strain
or snag any of the ribbon cables, so that the
bottom edge now rests on the flange of the
base panel, and loosely fit the screws ("A",
4 off) once again through the side panels.
MSPS
S
P
S
MSPS
S
P
S
7
Pick up the cover plate and, turning it
lengthways locate it in the position originally
occupied by the connector panel. (Note that
the cover plate has one flat edge, and one
folded flange. The folded edge ALWAYS
faces the back corner of the mixer.)
8
9
Loosely fit the four screws "C" through the
side panels, three screws "D" at the top edge, and six screws "B" fixing the connector panel.
Once you are satisfied that the panels are seated correctly, tighten all screws firmly.
This completes the relocation of the connector panel. Simply reverse the procedure if you wish to return the panel to the
original position.
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
19
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
Technical Specification
Output Noise
Typical Group Output,
Input faders down
-87dBu
-92dBu
-83dBu
-98dBu
Group fader down
Mix output with groups routed to mix
Mix fader down
Aux Noise
E.I.N.
Typical, input sends down
150R source
-85dBu
-129dBu
< 0.005%
Distortion
Crosstalk @1kHz
Mic gain 30dB, to group output @ 14dBu
Input fader attenuation (top to bottom)
Aux send attenuation
>95dB
>88dB
>92dB
Adjacent channel
Frequency Response
20Hz - 20kHz
Line input, via group, to mix output
+/-1dB
INPUT & OUTPUT IMPEDANCES Mic
2kΩ
Line
10kΩ
75Ω
Outputs
INPUT & OUTPUT LEVELS
Max mic input
Max line input
Any output
+16dBu
+28dBu
+22dBu
Headphones
150mW into 600Ω
WEIGHT
Console
6.6 Kg
Power Pack
1.0 Kg
250
482.0
DIMENSIONS
(depth for connectors)
450
146.8
(minimum rack opening)
All dimensions are
in millimetres
354.6
(8U)
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
20
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
GloSSARY
AFL (After Fade Listen) a function that allows the operator to monitor the post-fade signal in a channel independently of the
main mix.
Balance
the relative levels of the left and right channels of a stereo signal.
Balanced
a method of audio connection which ‘balances’ the signal between two wires and a screen which carries
no signal. Any interference is picked up equally by the two wires, but out of phase resulting in
cancellation of the interference signal.
Clipping
dB (decibel)
DI
the onset of severe distortion in the signal path, usually caused by the peak signal voltage being limited
by the circuit’s power supply voltage.
a ratio of two voltages or signal levels, expressed by the equation dB=20Log10 (V1/V2).
Adding the suffix ’u’ denotes the ratio is relative to 0.775V RMS.
(direct injection) the practice of connecting an electric musical instrument directly to the input of the
mixing console, rather than to an amplifier and loudspeaker which is covered by a microphone feeding
the console.
Effects
the use of devices to alter or process the sound to add special effects e.g. reverb, normally as a mix of
the original (‘dry’) sound and the treated version.
Equaliser
Feedback
a device that allows the boosting or cutting of selected bands of frequencies in the signal path.
the ‘howling’ sound caused by bringing a microphone too close to a loudspeaker driven from
its amplified signal.
Foldback
a feed sent back to the artistes via loudspeakers or headphones to enable them to monitor the
sounds they are producing.
Frequency response
the variation in gain of a device with frequency.
Ground Compensation a technique used on unbalanced outputs to cancel out the effect of ground loops caused by connections
to external equipment.
Headroom
the available signal range above the nominal level before clipping occurs.
a filter that rejects low frequencies.
High Pass filter
Line level signals
Oscillator
at a nominal level of -10 to +6dBu, usually coming from a low impedance source.
a built-in tone generator for test and line-up purposes.
Peaking
an equaliser response curve affecting only a band of frequencies i.e. based on a bandpass response.
PFL (pre-fade listen)
a function that allows the operator to monitor the pre-fade signal in a channel independently of the
main mix.
Phantom Power
the +48V d.c. voltage applied equally to the two signal pins of a balanced mic input to provide
powering for condenser microphones.
Post-Fade
Processor
Rolloff
the point in the signal path after the channel or master fader and therefore affected by fader position.
a device which affects the whole of the signal passing through it, e.g. gate, compressor or equaliser
a fall in gain at the extremes of the frequency response.
Shelving
an equaliser response affecting all frequencies above or below the break frequency
i.e. a highpass or lowpass derived response.
Signal to Noise Ratio
Solo-in-Place
a expression of the difference in level between the audio signal and background system noise.
a function that allows the operator to listen to a selected channel on its own but complete with all relevant
effects, by automatically muting all other inputs.
Spill
acoustic interference from other sources.
Sweep EQ
an Equaliser section ( e.g. MID EQ) which operates at a variable rather than fixed frequency giving
increased flexibility to the user.
Talkback
the operator speaking to the artistes or to tape via the auxiliary or group outputs.
a line level input provided specifically to receive the playback output of a tape machine
a momentary rise in the signal level.
Tape Return
Transient
TRS Jacks
Unbalanced
a 3-pole jack with Tip, Ring and Sleeve connections
a methode of audio connection which uses a single signal wire and the cable screen as the signal return.
This method does not provide the noise immunity of a balanced input (see above).
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
21
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
System Block Diagram
▲
▲
SPIRIT FOLIO RAC PAC
22
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
|