Mediant™ 2000 & TP-1610 SIP
User’s Manual
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Mediant 2000 SIP User’s Manual
Contents
Table of Contents
1 Overview.....................................................................................................................13
1.1 Available Configurations.................................................................................................................14
1.2 SIP Overview..................................................................................................................................15
1.3 Mediant 2000 Features...................................................................................................................15
1.3.1 General Features ................................................................................................................15
1.3.2 Hardware Features..............................................................................................................15
1.3.3 PSTN-to-SIP Interworking...................................................................................................16
1.3.3.1 Supported Interworking Features............................................................................................... 16
1.3.4 Supported SIP Features......................................................................................................16
2 Mediant 2000 Physical Description ..........................................................................19
2.1 General ...........................................................................................................................................19
2.2 The Mediant 2000 Chassis.............................................................................................................20
2.2.1 Power Supply ......................................................................................................................20
2.3 The TP-1610 Board ........................................................................................................................20
2.3.1 Board Hot-Swap Support ....................................................................................................21
2.3.1.1 Removing Boards....................................................................................................................... 22
2.3.1.2 Inserting Boards......................................................................................................................... 22
2.3.2 TP-1610 Front Panel LED Indicators ..................................................................................23
2.4 Rear Transition Module ..................................................................................................................24
2.5 Optional CPU Board .......................................................................................................................25
3 Installing the Mediant 2000 .......................................................................................27
3.1 Unpacking.......................................................................................................................................27
3.2 Package Contents ..........................................................................................................................27
3.3 Mounting the Mediant 2000............................................................................................................28
3.3.1 Mounting the Mediant 2000 on a Desktop ..........................................................................28
3.3.2 Installing the Mediant 2000 in a 19-inch Rack ....................................................................28
3.4 Cabling the Mediant 2000...............................................................................................................30
3.4.1 Connecting the E1/T1 Trunk Interfaces ..............................................................................31
3.4.2 Installing the Ethernet Connection ......................................................................................32
3.4.3 Connecting the Power Supply.............................................................................................33
3.4.3.1 Connecting the AC Power Supply.............................................................................................. 33
3.4.3.2 Connecting the DC Power Supply.............................................................................................. 33
4 Getting Started...........................................................................................................35
4.1 Assigning the Mediant 2000 IP Address.........................................................................................35
4.1.1 Assigning an IP Address Using HTTP ................................................................................35
4.1.2 Assigning an IP Address Using BootP................................................................................36
4.2 Restoring Networking Parameters to their Initial State...................................................................36
4.3 Configuring the Mediant 2000 Basic Parameters...........................................................................37
5 Web Management ......................................................................................................39
5.1 Configuration Concepts ..................................................................................................................39
5.2 Overview of the Embedded Web Server ........................................................................................39
5.3 Computer Requirements.................................................................................................................39
5.4 Password Control ...........................................................................................................................40
5.4.1 Embedded Web Server Username & Password.................................................................40
5.5 Configuring the Web Interface via the ini File.................................................................................40
5.5.1 Limiting the Embedded Web Server to Read-Only Mode...................................................40
5.5.2 Disabling the Embedded Web Server.................................................................................40
5.6 Accessing the Embedded Web Server...........................................................................................41
5.6.1 Using Internet Explorer to Access the Embedded Web Server ..........................................41
5.7 Getting Acquainted with the Web Interface ....................................................................................42
5.7.1 Main Menu Bar....................................................................................................................42
5.7.2 Saving Changes..................................................................................................................43
5.7.3 Entering Phone Numbers in Various Tables.......................................................................43
5.8 Protocol Management.....................................................................................................................44
5.8.1 Protocol Definition Parameters............................................................................................44
5.8.1.1 Coders ....................................................................................................................................... 44
5.8.2 Advanced Parameters.........................................................................................................45
5.8.3 Number Manipulation Tables ..............................................................................................45
5.8.3.1 Dialing Plan Notation.................................................................................................................. 47
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5.8.3.2 Numbering Plans and Type of Number...................................................................................... 48
5.8.4 Configuring the Routing Tables...........................................................................................49
5.8.4.1 Tel to IP Routing Table .............................................................................................................. 49
5.8.4.2 IP to Trunk Group Routing Table ............................................................................................... 51
5.8.4.3 Internal DNS Table..................................................................................................................... 53
5.8.4.4 Reasons for Alternative Routing................................................................................................. 54
5.8.5 Configuring the Profile Definitions.......................................................................................55
5.8.5.1 Coder Group Settings ................................................................................................................ 55
5.8.5.2 Tel Profile Settings..................................................................................................................... 56
5.8.5.3 IP Profile Settings....................................................................................................................... 57
5.8.6 Configuring the Trunk Group Table.....................................................................................58
5.8.7 Configuring the Trunk Group Settings.................................................................................60
5.9 Advanced Configuration .................................................................................................................62
5.9.1 Configuring the Network Settings........................................................................................62
5.9.1.1 Configuring the SNMP Managers Table..................................................................................... 63
5.9.1.2 Multiple Routers Support............................................................................................................ 63
5.9.1.3 Simple Network Time Protocol Support ..................................................................................... 63
5.9.2 Configuring the Channel Settings........................................................................................65
5.9.3 Configuring the Trunk Settings............................................................................................66
5.9.4 Configuring the TDM Bus Settings......................................................................................68
5.9.5 Restoring and Backing up the Gateway Configuration .......................................................69
5.9.6 Regional Settings ................................................................................................................70
5.9.7 Changing the Mediant 2000 Username and Password ......................................................71
5.10 Status & Diagnostic ........................................................................................................................71
5.10.1 Gateway Statistics...............................................................................................................71
5.10.1.1 IP Connectivity ........................................................................................................................... 71
5.10.1.2 Call Counters ............................................................................................................................. 73
5.10.2 Monitoring the Mediant 2000 Trunks & Channels...............................................................75
5.10.3 Activating the Internal Syslog Viewer..................................................................................76
5.11 Software Update Menu...................................................................................................................78
5.12 Save Configuration .........................................................................................................................84
5.13 Resetting the Mediant 2000............................................................................................................85
6 ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000...............................................................87
6.1 Secured ini File...............................................................................................................................87
6.2 Modifying an ini File........................................................................................................................87
6.3 The ini File Content.........................................................................................................................88
6.4 The ini File Structure.......................................................................................................................88
6.4.1 The ini File Structure Rules.................................................................................................88
6.5 The ini File Example .......................................................................................................................89
6.6 Basic, Logging, Web and RADIUS Parameters .............................................................................90
6.7 SNMP Parameters..........................................................................................................................98
6.8 SIP Configuration Parameters......................................................................................................100
6.9 ISDN and CAS Interworking-Related Parameters........................................................................111
6.10 Number Manipulation and Routing Parameters ...........................................................................115
6.11 E1/T1 Configuration Parameters..................................................................................................122
6.12 Channel Parameters.....................................................................................................................128
6.13 Configuration Files Parameters....................................................................................................133
7 Configuration Files ..................................................................................................135
7.1 Configuring the Call Progress Tones............................................................................................135
7.1.1 Format of the Call Progress Tones Section in the ini File.................................................135
7.2 Prerecorded Tones (PRT) File......................................................................................................137
7.2.1 PRT File Format ................................................................................................................137
7.3 Voice Prompts File........................................................................................................................137
7.4 CAS Protocol Configuration Files.................................................................................................138
8 Gateway Capabilities Description ..........................................................................139
8.1 Proxy or Registrar Registration Example .....................................................................................139
8.2 Redirect Number and Calling Name (Display)..............................................................................139
8.3 ISDN Overlap Dialing....................................................................................................................140
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8.4 Using ISDN NFAS ........................................................................................................................141
8.4.1 NFAS Interface ID .............................................................................................................141
8.4.2 Working with DMS-100 Switches ......................................................................................142
8.5 Configuring the DTMF Transport Types.......................................................................................143
8.6 Configuring the Gateway’s Alternative Routing (based on Connectivity and QoS)......................146
8.6.1 Alternative Routing Mechanism.........................................................................................146
8.6.2 Determining the Availability of Destination IP Addresses .................................................146
8.6.3 PSTN Fallback as a Special Case of Alternative Routing.................................................146
8.6.4 Relevant Parameters.........................................................................................................147
8.7 Working with Supplementary Services.........................................................................................147
8.7.1 Call Hold and Retrieve Features.......................................................................................147
8.7.2 Call Transfer......................................................................................................................147
8.8 TDM Tunneling .............................................................................................................................149
8.8.1 Implementation..................................................................................................................149
8.9 Call Detail Report..........................................................................................................................151
8.10 Trunk to Trunk Routing Example..................................................................................................152
8.11 SIP Call Flow Example .................................................................................................................153
8.12 SIP Authentication Example .........................................................................................................156
8.13 Nortel IMS SIP2PRI Gateway Specific Features and Configuration............................................158
8.13.3.1 Configuration of NPI/TON ........................................................................................................ 160
8.14 Nortel IMS SIP2CAS (Call Pilot) Gateway Specific Features and Configuration.........................162
8.15 DTMF Configuration for Nortel Gateways ....................................................................................163
9 Diagnostics ..............................................................................................................165
9.1 Mediant 2000 Self-Testing............................................................................................................165
9.2 Syslog Support .............................................................................................................................165
9.2.1 Syslog Servers ..................................................................................................................166
9.2.2.1 Sending the Syslog Messages................................................................................................. 166
9.2.2.2 Setting the Syslog Server......................................................................................................... 166
9.2.2.3 The ini File Example for Syslog................................................................................................ 166
10 BootP/DHCP Support ..............................................................................................167
10.1 Startup Process ............................................................................................................................167
10.2 DHCP Support..............................................................................................................................169
10.3 BootP Support ..............................................................................................................................169
10.3.1 Upgrading the Mediant 2000.............................................................................................169
11 SNMP-Based Management......................................................................................171
11.1 About SNMP.................................................................................................................................171
11.2 Carrier Grade Alarm System ........................................................................................................173
11.2.2 Alarm History.....................................................................................................................173
11.3 Cold Start Trap .............................................................................................................................173
11.4 Third-Party Performance Monitoring Measurements ...................................................................174
11.5 TrunkPack-VoP Series Supported MIBs ......................................................................................174
11.6 SNMP Interface Details ................................................................................................................177
11.6.1.1 Configuration of Community Strings via the ini File.................................................................. 177
11.6.1.2 Configuration of Community Strings via SNMP........................................................................ 177
11.6.2.1 Configuration of Trusted Managers via ini File......................................................................... 178
11.6.2.2 Configuration of Trusted Managers via SNMP......................................................................... 178
11.6.4.1 Configuration via the ini File..................................................................................................... 180
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11.6.4.2 Configuration via SNMP........................................................................................................... 181
11.7 SNMP Manager Backward Compatibility......................................................................................182
11.8 AudioCodes’ Element Management System................................................................................182
12 Selected Technical Specifications .........................................................................183
Appendix A Mediant 2000 SIP Software Kit.................................................................187
Appendix B The BootP/TFTP Configuration Utility ....................................................189
B.1 When to Use the BootP/TFTP......................................................................................................189
B.2 An Overview of BootP...................................................................................................................189
B.3 Key Features ................................................................................................................................189
B.6 Loading the cmp File, Booting the Device....................................................................................190
B.7 BootP/TFTP Application User Interface........................................................................................191
B.8 Function Buttons on the Main Screen ..........................................................................................191
B.9 Log Window..................................................................................................................................192
B.10 Setting the Preferences ................................................................................................................193
B.10.2 TFTP Preferences.............................................................................................................194
B.11 Configuring the BootP Clients.......................................................................................................195
B.12 Managing Client Templates..........................................................................................................199
C.1 Payload Types Defined in RFC 1890 ...........................................................................................201
C.2 Defined Payload Types.................................................................................................................201
C.3 Default RTP/RTCP/T.38 Port Allocation.......................................................................................202
Appendix D Fax and Modem Transport Modes...........................................................203
D.1 Fax/Modem Settings.....................................................................................................................203
D.1.1 Configuring Fax Relay Mode.............................................................................................203
D.1.2 Configuring Fax/Modem ByPass Mode.............................................................................203
D.1.3 Supporting V.34 Faxes......................................................................................................204
Appendix E Mediant 2000 Clock Settings ...................................................................205
F.1 Replacing the Main Corporate Logo.............................................................................................207
F.1.1 Replacing the Main Corporate Logo with an Image File...................................................207
F.1.2 Replacing the Main Corporate Logo with a Text String.....................................................209
F.2 Replacing the Background Image File..........................................................................................209
F.3 Customizing the Product Name....................................................................................................210
F.4 Modifying ini File Parameters via the Web AdminPage ...............................................................211
Appendix G Accessory Programs and Tools..............................................................213
G.1 TrunkPack Downloadable Conversion Utility................................................................................213
G.1.1 Converting a CPT ini File to a Binary dat File ...................................................................214
G.1.2 Creating a Loadable Voice Prompts File...........................................................................215
G.1.3 Encoding / Decoding an ini File.........................................................................................217
G.1.4 Creating a Loadable Prerecorded Tones File ...................................................................218
G.2 PSTN Trace Utility ........................................................................................................................220
Appendix H Software Upgrade Key .............................................................................223
H.1 About the Software Upgrade Key.................................................................................................223
H.2 Backing up the Current Software Upgrade Key............................................................................223
H.3 Loading the Software Upgrade Key..............................................................................................223
H.3.2 Loading the Software Upgrade Key Using BootP/TFTP...................................................225
H.4 Verifying that the Key was Successfully Loaded..........................................................................225
H.5 Troubleshooting an Unsuccessful Loading of a Key ....................................................................225
H.6 Abort Procedure............................................................................................................................225
Appendix I Release Reason Mapping.........................................................................227
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Contents
Appendix J SS7 Tunneling...........................................................................................231
J.1 MTP2 Tunneling Technology........................................................................................................232
J.2 SS7 Characteristics ......................................................................................................................232
J.3 SS7 Parameters ...........................................................................................................................233
J.4 SS7 Table Parameters .................................................................................................................234
J.4.1 SIGTRAN Interface Groups...............................................................................................234
J.4.2 SIGTRAN Interface IDs.....................................................................................................235
J.4.3 SS7 Signaling Link ............................................................................................................236
J.5 SS7 MTP2 Tunneling ini File Example.........................................................................................237
J.6 ini File Parameters in a Table Format ..........................................................................................241
J.6.1 Table Indices .....................................................................................................................242
J.6.2 Table Permissions.............................................................................................................242
J.6.3 Tables of Parameter Value Rules in the ini File Structure ................................................243
J.6.3.1 Tables Structure Rules............................................................................................................. 243
J.6.3.2 Dynamic Tables versus Static Tables ...................................................................................... 244
J.6.3.3 Tables in the Loaded ini File .................................................................................................... 244
K.1 Benefits.........................................................................................................................................245
K.3 Supported Architecture.................................................................................................................246
K.4 Implementation .............................................................................................................................247
K.4.1 Basic Calling Card IVR Scenario.......................................................................................247
K.4.2 Call Flow Description.........................................................................................................248
K.5 Operation & Configuration ............................................................................................................249
K.6 Configuration Parameters.............................................................................................................249
K.7 Supported RADIUS Attributes ......................................................................................................251
K.8 RADIUS Server Messages ...........................................................................................................253
K.9 Voice XML Interpreter...................................................................................................................254
K.9.1 Features ............................................................................................................................254
K.10 Supported Elements & Attributes .................................................................................................256
K.11 Provided Calling Card System......................................................................................................260
K.12 VXML Script Example...................................................................................................................266
Appendix L SNMP Traps...............................................................................................271
L.1 Alarm Traps ..................................................................................................................................271
L.1.1 Component: System#0......................................................................................................271
L.1.2 Component: AlarmManager#0 ..........................................................................................275
L.1.3 Component: EthernetLink#0..............................................................................................275
L.1.4 Other Traps .......................................................................................................................276
L.1.5 Trap Varbinds....................................................................................................................276
Appendix M Regulatory Information ............................................................................277
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List of Figures
Figure 1-1: Typical Mediant 2000 Gateway Application...................................................................................14
Figure 3-1: 19-inch Rack & Desktop Accessories............................................................................................28
Figure 3-6: Pinout of RJ-48c Trunk Connectors...............................................................................................32
Figure 3-7: Pinout of RJ-45 Connectors...........................................................................................................33
Figure 3-9: DC Terminal Block Crimp Connector.............................................................................................34
Figure 5-2: Mediant 2000 Web Interface..........................................................................................................42
Figure 5-4: Source Phone Number Manipulation Table for TelꢀIP Calls........................................................46
Figure 5-5: Tel to IP Routing Table Screen......................................................................................................50
Figure 5-6: IP to Trunk Group Routing Table...................................................................................................52
Figure 5-9: Coder Group Settings Screen........................................................................................................55
Figure 5-17: E1/T1 Trunk Settings Screen.......................................................................................................66
Figure 5-23: TelꢀIP Call Counters Screen......................................................................................................73
Figure 5-26: Channel Status Details Screen....................................................................................................76
Figure 5-29: Start Software Upgrade Screen...................................................................................................78
Figure 5-30: Load a cmp File Screen ...............................................................................................................79
Figure 5-31: cmp File Successfully Loaded into the Mediant 2000 Notification...............................................79
Figure 5-32: Load an ini File Screen ................................................................................................................80
Figure 5-34: FINISH Screen.............................................................................................................................81
Figure 5-37: Save Configuration Screen..........................................................................................................84
Figure 6-1: ini File Structure .............................................................................................................................88
Figure 6-2: SIP ini File Example.......................................................................................................................89
Figure 8-1: ini File Example for TDM Tunneling (Originating Side)................................................................150
Figure 8-2: ini File Example for TDM Tunneling (Terminating Side)..............................................................150
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Figure 5-2: IP to Trunk Group Routing Table.................................................................................................159
Figure 9-2: The ini File Example for Syslog....................................................................................................166
Figure 11-1: Example of Entries in a Device ini file Regarding SNMP...........................................................181
Figure B-2: Reset Screen...............................................................................................................................191
Figure B-3: Preferences Screen.....................................................................................................................193
Figure F-2: Customized Web Interface Title Bar............................................................................................207
Figure G-1: TrunkPack Downloadable Conversion Utility Opening Screen...................................................213
Figure G-2: Call Progress Tones Conversion Screen....................................................................................214
Figure G-5: Encode/Decode ini File(s) Screen...............................................................................................217
Figure H-1: Software Upgrade Key Screen....................................................................................................224
Figure J-4: SS7 MTP2 Tunneling ini File Example - MGC.............................................................................238
Figure K-1: Mediant 2000 Supported Architecture.........................................................................................246
Figure K-3: Basic ini File VXML Parameters..................................................................................................248
Figure K-4: Authentication Example...............................................................................................................253
Figure K-6: Accounting Example....................................................................................................................254
Figure K-7: VXML Script Opening Menu........................................................................................................262
Figure K-8: VXML Script Option 1, Make a Call.............................................................................................263
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List of Tables
Table 2-2: Chassis LED Indicators...................................................................................................................20
Table 2-7: cPCI LED Indicators........................................................................................................................23
Table 2-9: Rear Panel with 8 RJ-48c Connectors for 8 Trunks Component Descriptions...............................25
Table 5-2: NPI/TON Values for ISDN ETSI......................................................................................................48
Table 6-1: Basic, Logging, Web and RADIUS Parameters (continues on pages 91 to 98).............................90
Table 6-5: Number Manipulation and Routing Parameters (continues on pages 116 to 122).......................115
Table 6-6: E1/T1/J1 Configuration Parameters (continues on pages 123 to 128).........................................122
Table B-1: Command Line Switch Descriptions.............................................................................................198
Table F-1: Customizable Logo ini File Parameters ........................................................................................209
Table F-2: Web Appearance Customizable ini File Parameters ....................................................................209
Table F-3: Customizable Logo ini File Parameters ........................................................................................210
Table F-4: Web Appearance Customizable ini File Parameters ....................................................................210
Table I-1: Mapping of ISDN Release Reason to SIP Response (continues on pages 222 to 223)...............227
Table I-2: Mapping of SIP Response to ISDN Release Reason....................................................................229
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Table L-3: acBoardTemperatureAlarm Alarm Trap........................................................................................272
Table L-4: acBoardEvResettingBoard Alarm Trap.........................................................................................272
Table L-5: acFeatureKeyError Alarm Trap.....................................................................................................272
Table L-7: acBoardControllerFailureAlarm Alarm Trap..................................................................................273
Table L-8: acBoardOverloadAlarm Alarm Trap..............................................................................................273
Table L-11: coldStart Trap..............................................................................................................................276
Table L-13: acBoardEvBoardStarted Trap.....................................................................................................276
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Tip:
When viewing this manual on CD, Web site or on any other electronic copy,
all cross-references are hyperlinked. Click on the page or section numbers
(shown in blue) to reach the individual cross-referenced item directly. To
return back to the point from where you accessed the cross-reference, press
the ALT and ← keys.
Note:
This User’s Manual describes the Mediant 2000 SIP media gateway and the
the TP-1610 SIP board.
Trademarks
AC logo, Ardito, AudioCoded, AudioCodes, AudioCodes logo, IPmedia, Mediant, MediaPack, MP-
MLQ, NetCoder, Stretto, TrunkPack, VoicePacketizer and VoIPerfect, are trademarks or
registered trademarks of AudioCodes Limited. All other products or trademarks are property of
their respective owners.
Customer Support
Customer technical support and service are provided by AudioCodes’ Distributors, Partners, and
Resellers from whom the product was purchased. For Customer support for products purchased
Abbreviations and Terminology
Each abbreviation, unless widely used, is spelled out in full when first used. Only industry-
standard terms are used throughout this manual. Hexadecimal notation is indicated by 0x
preceding the number.
Related Documentation
Document #
Manual Name
LTRT-690xx (e.g., LTRT-69001)
LTRT-701xx
Mediant 2000 SIP Release Notes
Mediant 2000 Fast Track Installation Guide
Warning:
The Mediant 2000 is supplied as a sealed unit and must only be
serviced by qualified service personnel.
Note:
Where “network” appears in this manual, it means Local Area Network (LAN),
Wide Area Network (WAN), etc. accessed via the gateway’s Ethernet
interface.
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Mediant 2000 SIP User’s Manual
1. Overview
1 Overview
The Mediant 2000 SIP Voice over IP (VoIP) gateway enables voice, fax, and data traffic to be sent
over the same IP network. The Mediant 2000 provides excellent voice quality and optimized
packet voice streaming over IP networks.
The Mediant 2000 uses the award-winning, field-proven Digital Signal Processing (DSP) voice
compression technology used in other TrunkPackTM series products.
The Mediant 2000 incorporates 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 E1 or T1 spans for connection, directly to Public
Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) / Private Branch Exchange (PBX) telephony trunks, and
includes one or two 10/100 Base-TX Ethernet ports for connection to the network.
The Mediant 2000 supports up to 480 simultaneous VoIP or Fax over IP (FoIP) calls, supporting
various Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) Primary Rate Interface (PRI) protocols such
as EuroISDN, North American NI2, Lucent™ 4/5ESS, Nortel™ DMS100 and others. In addition, it
supports different variants of Channel Associated Signaling (CAS) protocols for E1 and T1 spans,
including MFC R2, E&M immediate start, E&M delay dial/start, loop start and ground start.
The Mediant 2000 gateway, best suited for large and medium-sized VoIP applications, is a
compact device, comprising a 19-inch 1U chassis with optional dual AC or single DC power
supplies.
The deployment architecture can include several Mediant 2000 gateways in branch or
departmental offices, connected to local PBXs. Call routing is performed by the gateways
themselves or by SIP Proxy(s).
The Mediant 2000 gateway enables Users to make low cost long distance or international
telephone/fax calls between distributed company offices, using their existing telephones/fax.
These calls are routed over the existing network ensuring that voice traffic uses minimum
bandwidth.
The Mediant 2000 can also route calls over the network using SIP signaling protocol, enabling the
deployment of "Voice over Packet" solutions in environments where access is enabled to PSTN
subscribers by using a trunking media gateway. This provides the ability to transmit voice and
telephony signals between a packet network and a TDM network. Routing of the calls from the
PSTN to a SIP service node (e.g., Call Center) is performed by the Mediant 2000 internal routing
feature or by a SIP Proxy.
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Figure 1-1: Typical Mediant 2000 Gateway Application
Telephone
PSTN
E1/T1 PRI/CAS
Mediant 2000
SIP Proxy
Router
LAN
Router
LAN
SIP
Service
Node
IPNetwork
Mediant 2000
Mediant 2000
LAN
LAN
Router
Router
E1/T1 PRI/CAS
E1/T1 PRI/CAS
PBX - Branch A
PBX - Branch B
1.1 Available Configurations
The Mediant 2000 is provided in the following configurations:
E1 Available Configurations:
•
•
•
•
•
30 Channels on 1 E1 span with gateway-1 only
60 Channels on 2 E1 spans with gateway-1 only
120 Channels on 4 E1 spans with gateway-1 only
240 Channels on 8 E1 spans with gateway-1 only
480 Channels on 16 E1 spans with gateway-1 and gateway-2
T1 Available Configurations:
24 Channels on 1 T1 span with gateway-1 only
•
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1. Overview
•
•
•
•
48 Channels on 2 T1 spans with gateway-1 only
96 Channels on 4 T1 spans with gateway-1 only
192 Channels on 8 T1 spans with gateway-1 only
384 Channels on 16 T1 spans with gateway-1 and gateway-2
1.2 SIP Overview
SIP is an application-layer control (signaling) protocol used on the Mediant 2000 for creating,
modifying, and terminating sessions with one or more participants. These sessions can include
Internet telephone calls, media announcements and conferences.
SIP invitations are used to create sessions and carry session descriptions that enable participants
to agree on a set of compatible media types. SIP uses elements called proxy servers to help
route requests to the user's current location, authenticate and authorize users for services,
implement provider call-routing policies and provide features to users.
SIP also provides a registration function that enables users to upload their current locations for
use by proxy servers. SIP, on the Mediant 2000, complies with the IETF (Internet Engineering
1.3 Mediant 2000 Features
This section provides a high-level overview of some of the many Mediant 2000 supported
features.
1.3.1 General Features
•
•
•
•
Superior, high quality SIP PSTN gateway for Voice and fax over IP calls.
Up to 16 E1/T1/J1 digital spans supporting various PRI and CAS protocols.
Compliant with SIP (RFC 3261).
Coders include: G.711, G.723.1, G.726, G.729A and NetCoder at 6.4 to 8.8 kbps, negotiable
per channel.
•
•
•
•
•
•
T.38 fax with superior performance (handling a round-trip delay of up to nine seconds).
Echo Canceler with up to 128 msec tail length.
Silence suppression with Comfort Noise Generation.
Web management for easy configuration and installation.
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and Syslog support.
Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) support, the time-of-day can be obtained from a
standard SNTP server.
1.3.2 Hardware Features
•
Two 10/100 Base-TX Ethernet interface connections to the network, providing network
redundancy.
•
Compact, rugged 19-inch rack mount unit, one U high (1.75" or 44.5 mm), with two
compactPCI™ (cPCI) slots.
•
•
•
Optional cPCI slot for third-party CPU board.
TP-1610/H.323 hot-swap cPCI board.
Optional dual redundant AC or a single DC power supply.
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1.3.3 PSTN-to-SIP Interworking
The Mediant 2000 gateway performs interworking between ISDN and CAS via E1/T1/J1 digital
spans and SIP IETF signaling protocol. 16 E1, T1 or J1 spans are supported (480 channels) in a
two modules gateway.
The Mediant 2000 gateway supports various ISDN PRI protocols such as EuroISDN, North
American NI2, Lucent 4/5ESS, Nortel DMS100, Meridian 1 DMS100, Japan J1, as well as QSIG
(basic call). PRI support includes User Termination or Network Termination side. ISDN-PRI
protocols can be defined on an E1/T1 basis (i.e., different variants of PRI are allowed on different
E1/T1 spans).
In addition, it supports numerous variants of CAS protocols for E1 and T1 spans, including MFC
R2, E&M wink start, E&M immediate start, E&M delay dial/start, loop-start, and ground start. CAS
protocols can be defined on an E1/T1 basis (i.e., different variants of CAS are allowed on
different E1/T1 spans).
PSTN to SIP and SIP to PSTN Called number can be optionally modified according to rules that
are defined in gateway ini file.
1.3.3.1 Supported Interworking Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
Definition and use of Trunk Groups for routing IPꢀPSTN calls.
B-channel negotiation for PRI spans.
ISDN Non Facility Associated Signaling (NFAS).
PRI to SIP interworking according to draft-ietf-sipping-qsig2sip-04.txt.
PRI to SIP Interworking of Q.931 Display (Calling name) information element.
PRI (NI-2) to SIP interworking of Calling Name using Facility IE in Setup and Facility
messages.
•
•
•
Configuration of Numbering Plan and Type for IPꢀISDN calls
Interworking of PSTN to SIP release causes
Interworking of ISDN redirect number to SIP diversion header (according to IETF draft-levy-
sip-diversion-05.txt).
•
•
Optional change of redirect number to called number for ISDNꢀ IP calls.
Interworking of ISDN calling line Presentation & Screening indicators using RPID header
<draft-ietf-sip-privacy-04.txt>.
•
Interworking of Q.931 Called and Calling Number Type and Number Plan values using the
RPID header.
•
•
•
•
Supports ISDN en-block or overlap dialing for incoming TelꢀIP calls.
Supports routing of IPꢀTel calls to predefined trunk groups.
Supports a configurable channel select mode per trunk group.
Supports various number manipulation rules for IPꢀTel and TelꢀIP, called and calling
numbers.
•
Option to configure ISDN Transfer Capability (per Gateway).
1.3.4 Supported SIP Features
The Mediant 2000 SIP main features are:
•
•
Reliable User Datagram Protocol (UDP) transport, with retransmissions.
T.38 real time fax (using SIP).
Note: If the remote side includes the fax maximum rate parameter in the SDP body of the
Invite message, the gateway returns the same rate in the response SDP.
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1. Overview
•
•
•
Works with Proxy or without Proxy, using an internal routing table.
Fallback to internal routing table if Proxy is not responding.
Supports up to four Proxy servers. If the primary Proxy fails, the Mediant 2000 automatically
switches to a redundant Proxy.
•
•
Supports Proxy server discovery using Domain Name Server (DNS) SRV records.
Proxy and Registrar Authentication (handling 401 and 407 responses) using Basic or Digest
methods.
•
Supported methods: INVITE, CANCEL, BYE, ACK, REGISTER, OPTIONS, INFO, REFER,
UPDATE, NOTIFY, PRACK and SUBSCRIBE.
•
•
•
•
•
Modifying connection parameters for an already established call (re-INVITE).
Working with a Redirect server and handling 3xx responses.
Early Media (supporting 183 Session Progress).
PRACK reliable provisional responses <RFC 3262>.
Call Hold and Transfer Supplementary services using REFER, Refer-To, Referred-By,
Replaces and NOTIFY messages.
•
•
•
•
Supports RFC 3327 – Adding “Path” to Supported header.
Supports RFC 3581 – Symmetric Response Routing.
Session Timer <draft-ietf-sip-session-timer-10.txt>.
RFC 2833 Relay for Dual Tone Multi Frequency (DTMF) digits, including payload type
negotiation.
•
DTMF out-of-band transfer using:
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
INFO method <draft-choudhuri-sip-info-digit-00.txt>
INFO method, compatible with Cisco gateways
NOTIFY method <draft-mahy-sipping-signaled-digits-01.txt>.DTMF out-of-band transfer
using INFO method (draft-choudhuri-sip-info-digit-00.txt)
•
•
Can negotiate coder from a list of given coders.
Supported coders:
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
G.711 A-law 64 kbps
G.711 µ-law 64 kbps
G.723.1 5.3, 6.3 kbps
G.726 32 kbps
(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100, 120 msec)
(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100, 120 msec)
(30, 60, 90, 120 msec)
(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100, 120 msec)
(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100 msec)
G.729A 8 kbps
G.729B is supported if Silence Suppression is enabled.
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
NetCoder 6.4, 7.2, 8.0 and 8.8 kbps(20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 msec).
EVRC* 8, 4, 1 kbps
AMR* 4.75, 5.15, 5.90, 6.70, 7.40, 7.95, 10.2, 12.2 kbps
Transparent (20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 msec)
(20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 msec)
(20 msec)
* When EVRC (Enhanced Variable Rate Codec) and AMR (Adaptive Multi-Rate) are used, the
number of available gateway channels is reduced (refer to the documentation of the parameter
For more updated information on the gateway’s supported features, refer to the latest Mediant
2000 & TP-1610 SIP Release Notes.
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Reader’s Notes
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2. Mediant 2000 Physical Description
2 Mediant 2000 Physical Description
This section provides detailed information on the Mediant 2000 hardware components, the
location and functionality of the LEDs, buttons and connectors on the front and rear panels.
2.1 General
The Mediant 2000 gateway comprises the following hardware components:
•
•
•
•
page 25).
Figure 2-1 shows the front view of the Mediant 2000 media gateway.
Figure 2-1: Mediant 2000 Front View
3
4
11
1
7
9
6
10
2
5
8
6
Table 2-1: Mediant 2000 Front View Component Descriptions
Item #
Label
Component Description
Dual AC Power LED.
1
2
FAULT
cPCI board locking screws.
cPCI latches.
3
4
TP-1610 cPCI board, 16-trunk configuration.
Status LED Indicators.
5
6
T1/E1 STATUS
ETH
E1/T1 Trunk Status LED Indicators.
Ethernet LED Indicators.
Reset button.
7
8
9
cPCI LED Indicators.
10
11
Power and Fan LEDs
An available cPCI slot for an optional third-party CPU board.
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2.2 The Mediant 2000 Chassis
The Mediant 2000 chassis is an industrial platform, 19” wide, 1U high and 12” deep that houses
the TP-1610 board in its front cage, slot #1 (the lower slot) and the TP-1610 RTM in its rear cage,
slot #1 (the lower slot).
Slot # 2 in the Mediant 2000 chassis’ front and rear cages can optionally be used by customers
for a CPU board.
Table 2-2: Chassis LED Indicators
Location
Color
Function
The power is on.
Right side of front panel
Green
Fan failure - indicates that any of the internal fans has significantly
reduced its speed or has frozen.
Right side of front panel
Left side of front panel
Red
Red
Power supply failure - indicates that one of the two AC redundant
power supplies is faulty or disconnected from the AC/mains outlet.
(This LED is only relevant for the dual AC power supply).
2.2.1 Power Supply
The Mediant 2000 power supply is available in three configuration options:
•
•
•
Single universal 100-240 VAC 1 A max, 50-60 Hz.
Dual-redundant 100-240 VAC 1.5 A max, 50-60 Hz.
-48 VDC power supply suitable for field wiring applications.
2.3 The TP-1610 Board
The Mediant 2000 is populated by a single compactPCI™ board, the TP-1610 (shown in Figure
480 ports, supporting all necessary functions for voice, data and fax streaming over IP networks.
The TP-1610 is composed of one or two identical media gateways modules: Gateway-1 and
Gateway-2, each containing 240 DSP channels. These media gateways are fully independent,
each gateway having its own MAC (Media Access Control) and IP addresses and LED indicators.
The TP-1610 board is supplied with a rear I/O configuration in which both PSTN trunks and
Ethernet interface are located on a passive rear I/O module (for information on the RTM, refer to
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2. Mediant 2000 Physical Description
Figure 2-2: Front and Upper View of the TP-1610 cPCI Board
4
2
3
1
7
6
5
Table 2-3: Front and Upper View of the TP-1610 cPCI Board Component Descriptions
Item #
Label
Component Description
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Status LEDs
Ethernet LEDs
Reset button
cPCI LEDs
ETH
cPCI Latch
T1 / E1 STATUS
T1 / E1 STATUS
T1/E1 Trunk Status LEDs (for each of trunks 1 to 8)
T1/E1 Trunk Status LEDs (for each of trunks 9 to 16)
2.3.1 Board Hot-Swap Support
The TP-1610 cPCI board is hot-swappable and can therefore be removed from a slot (and
inserted into a slot) while the Mediant 2000 is under power. It is recommended though that you
power down the chassis and read the notes below before replacing the components.
For details on removing/inserting the optional CPU board, refer to the directions accompanying it.
Electrical Component Sensitivity
Electronic components on printed circuit boards are extremely sensitive to static
electricity. Normal amounts of static electricity generated by clothing can damage
electronic equipment. To reduce the risk of damage due to electrostatic discharge when
installing or servicing electronic equipment, it is recommended that anti-static earthing
straps and mats be used.
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Note 1: Before removing or inserting boards from / to the chassis, attach a wrist strap
for electrostatic discharge (ESD) and connect it to the rack frame using an
alligator clip.
Note 2: Do not set components down without protecting them with a static bag.
2.3.1.1 Removing Boards
ꢁ To remove the TP-1610 board from the chassis, take these 3 steps:
1. Unfasten the screws on the plate of the board.
2. Press the red ejector buttons on the two black ejector/injector latches on both ends and wait
for the hot-swap blue LED to light, indicating that the board can be removed.
3. Pull on the two ejector/injector latches and ease out the board from the slot.
ꢁ To remove the TP-1610 RTM from the chassis, take these 4 steps:
1. Remove the cables attached to the RTM.
2. Unfasten the screws on the brackets at both ends of the panel that secure the RTM to the
chassis.
3. Press the red ejector buttons on the two black ejector/injector latches on both ends.
4. Grasp the panel and ease the RTM board out of the slot.
2.3.1.2 Inserting Boards
ꢁ To insert the TP-1610 board into the chassis, take these 6 steps:
1. Hold the board horizontally.
2. With the black ejector/injector latches in the open (pulled out) position, insert the board in the
slot, aligning the board with the grooves on each end.
3. Ease the board all the way into the slot until the ejector/injector latches touch the chassis.
The Blue hot-swap LED is lit.
4. Press the two black ejector/injector latches on both ends inward, toward the middle, until you
hear a click.
5. Wait for the hot-swap blue LED to turn off.
6. Fasten the screws on the front panel of the board to secure the board to the chassis and to
ensure that the board has a chassis earthing connection.
ꢁ To insert the TP-1610 RTM into the chassis, take these 6 steps:
1. Hold the board horizontally.
2. With the black ejector/injector latches in the open (pulled out) position, insert the board in the
slot, aligning the board with the grooves on each end.
3. Ease the board all the way into the slot until the ejector/injector latches touch the chassis.
4. Press the two black ejector/injector latches on both ends inward, toward the middle until you
hear a click.
5. Fasten the screws on the front panel of the board to secure the board to the chassis and to
ensure that the board has a chassis earthing connection.
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2. Mediant 2000 Physical Description
2.3.2 TP-1610 Front Panel LED Indicators
The functionality of the front panel LEDs for the TP-1610 is described in the following four tables
the number of channels.
Table 2-4: Status LED Indicators
Label
FAIL
LED Color
Red
LED Function
Normally OFF; Red indicates gateway failure (fatal error)
Gateway initialization sequence terminated OK
N/A
Green
Bi-color
LED
ACT
Yellow
Table 2-5: E1/T1 Trunk Status LED Indicators
Label
LED Color
Signal Description
Trunk is synchronized (normal operation)
Loss due to any of the following 4 signals:
Green
Red
Bi-color
LED
T1/E1 Status 1 to 8
and
T1/E1 Status 9 to 16
LOS
LFA
AIS
Loss of Signal
Loss of Frame Alignment
Alarm Indication Signal (the Blue Alarm)
Remote Alarm Indication (the Yellow Alarm)
RAI
Note:
On the front panel 16 LEDs are provided for 16-span units and 8 LEDs are
provided for 1-span, 2-span, 4-span, and 8-span units. In the case of 1-span,
2-span and 4-span units, the extra LEDs are unused.
Table 2-6: Ethernet LED Indicators
Label
LINK
ACT
LED Color
LED Function
Green
Yellow
Link all OK
Transmit / receive activity
Table 2-7: cPCI LED Indicators
LED Function
Label
PWR
LED Color
Green
Power is supplied to the board
The cPCI board can now be removed.
The cPCI board was inserted successfully.
For detailed information on the Swap-Ready LED, refer to Section
SWAP READY
Blue
During correct Mediant 2000 operation, the ACT LED is lit green, the FAIL LED is off. Changing
of the FAIL LED to red indicates a failure.
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2.4 Rear Transition Module
The Mediant 2000 RTM includes a PSTN trunks and an Ethernet interfaces.
The Ethernet interface features dual 10/100 Base-TX, RJ-45 shielded connectors for (an active /
standby) redundancy scheme providing protection against the event of a failure.
The PSTN interface is provided with a choice of rear panels (1-span, 2-span, 4-span, 8-span or
16-span).
Rear panel with two 50-pin female Telco connectors (DDK 57AE-40500-21D) (shown in Figure
spans. The physical difference between the 1-Span, 2-Span and 4-Span RTMs, and the 8-span
RTM is that the RJ-48c ports are depopulated correspondingly.
Figure 2-3: Rear Panel with two 50-pin Connectors for 16 Trunks
2
3
1
Table 2-8: Rear Panel with two 50-pin Connectors for 16 Trunks Component Descriptions
Item #
Label
Component Description
1
2
3
ETHERNET
TRUNKS
2 Ethernet Ports. 2 RJ-45 network connectors.
E1/T1 trunks 9 to 16. 50-pin male Telco connector.
E1/T1 trunks 1 to 8. 50-pin male Telco connector.
TRUNKS
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2. Mediant 2000 Physical Description
Figure 2-4: Rear Panel with 8 RJ-48c Connectors for 8 Trunks
2
1
Table 2-9: Rear Panel with 8 RJ-48c Connectors for 8 Trunks Component Descriptions
Item #
Label
Component Description
1
2
ETHERNET
TRUNKS
2 Ethernet Ports. 2 RJ-45 network connectors
8 E1/T-1 Spans. 8 RJ-48c trunk connectors
2.5 Optional CPU Board
The Mediant 2000 provides an optional second cPCI slot that can be optionally used for
customer’s CPU board. This CPU board can be used for general applications such as a
Gatekeeper, Softswitch, Application Server or other. The following CPU boards were tested for
compliancy with the Mediant 2000 chassis:
•
•
Sun™: CP2080 + PMC-233 (Ramix™ disk on board) + Rear Transition Module (RTM).
Intel™ ZT5515B-1A with 40GB on-board disk plus RTM (ZT4807).
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Reader’s Notes
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3. Installing the Mediant 2000
3 Installing the Mediant 2000
This section describes the hardware installation procedures for the Mediant 2000. For information
Caution Electrical Shock
The equipment must only be installed or serviced by qualified service personnel.
ꢁ To install the Mediant 2000, take these 4 steps:
After powering-up the Mediant 2000, the Ready and LAN LEDs on the front panel turn to green
(after a self-testing period of about 3 minutes). Any malfunction changes the Ready LED to red
When you have completed the above relevant sections you are then ready to start configuring the
3.1 Unpacking
ꢁ To unpack the Mediant 2000, take these 6 steps:
1. Open the carton and remove packing materials.
2. Remove the Mediant 2000 gateway from the carton.
3. Check that there is no equipment damage.
4. Check, retain and process any documents.
5. Notify AudioCodes or your local supplier of any damage or discrepancies.
6. Retain any diskettes or CDs.
3.2 Package Contents
Ensure that in addition to the Mediant 2000, the package contains:
•
•
For the dual AC power supply version two AC power cables are supplied; for the single AC
power supply version one AC power cable is supplied.
For the DC power supply version, one connectorized DC power cable (crimp connection
type) and one DC adaptor (screw connection type) connected to the rear panel of the
Mediant 2000 are supplied; use only one type.
•
•
CD (software and documentation).
ꢁ
ꢁ
Two brackets and four bracket-to-device screws for 19-inch rack installation option.
Four anti-slide bumpers for desktop / shelf installation option.
•
The Mediant 2000 Fast Track Installation Guide.
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Figure 3-1: 19-inch Rack & Desktop Accessories
3.3 Mounting the Mediant 2000
The Mediant 2000 can be mounted on a desktop, or installed in a standard 19-inch rack. Refer to
3.3.1 Mounting the Mediant 2000 on a Desktop
No brackets are required. Optionally, attach the four (supplied) anti-slide bumpers to the base of
the Mediant 2000 and place it on the desktop in the position you require.
3.3.2 Installing the Mediant 2000 in a 19-inch Rack
Users can install the device in a standard 19-inch rack either by placing the device on a shelf
preinstalled in the rack (preferred method), or by attaching the device directly to the rack’s frame
via integral brackets.
Before rack mounting the chassis, attach the two (supplied) brackets to the front sides of the
ꢁ To attach the two front side brackets, take these 3 steps:
1. Remove the 2 screws nearest the front panel on either side of the device.
2. Align a bracket over 2 holes on one side (so that the bracket’s larger holes face front) and
with the 2 supplied replacement screws, screw in the bracket.
3. Perform the same procedure on the other side.
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3. Installing the Mediant 2000
Figure 3-2: Mediant 2000 Front View with 19-inch Rack Mount Brackets
Rack Mount Safety Instructions (UL)
When installing the chassis in a rack, be sure to implement the following Safety
instructions recommended by Underwriters Laboratories:
•
Elevated Operating Ambient - If installed in a closed or multi-unit rack
assembly, the operating ambient temperature of the rack environment may be
greater than room ambient. Therefore, consideration should be given to
installing the equipment in an environment compatible with the maximum
ambient temperature (Tma) specified by the manufacturer.
•
Reduced Air Flow - Installation of the equipment in a rack should be such that
the amount of air flow required for safe operation on the equipment is not
compromised.
•
•
Mechanical Loading - Mounting of the equipment in the rack should be such
that a hazardous condition is not achieved due to uneven mechanical loading.
Circuit Overloading - Consideration should be given to the connection of the
equipment to the supply circuit and the effect that overloading of the circuits
might have on overcurrent protection and supply wiring. Appropriate
consideration of equipment nameplate ratings should be used when addressing
this concern.
•
Reliable Earthing - Reliable earthing of rack-mounted equipment should be
maintained. Particular attention should be given to supply connections other
than direct connections to the branch circuit (e.g., use of power strips.)
ꢁ To attach the device to a 19-inch rack, take these 2 steps:
1. Position the device in your 19-inch rack and align the left-hand and right-hand bracket holes
to holes (of your choosing) in the vertical tracks of the 19-inch rack.
2. Use standard 19-inch rack bolts (not provided) to fasten the device to the frame of the rack.
AudioCodes recommends using two additional (not supplied) rear mounting brackets to provide
added support.
Note: Users assembling the rear brackets by themselves should note the following:
•
•
The distance between the screws on each bracket is 26.5 mm.
To attach the brackets, use 4-40 screws with a maximal box penetration length
of 3.5 mm.
ꢁ To place the device on a 19-inch rack’s shelf, take these 2 steps:
1. Place the device on the preinstalled shelf.
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2. You’re now recommended to take the optional steps of fastening the device to the frame of
the rack (as described above) while it is placed on the shelf, so preventing it from sliding
when inserting cables into connectors on the rear panel.
3.4 Cabling the Mediant 2000
and LEDs.
Note that the Mediant 2000 is available in many configurations, i.e., AC or DC, in the 16-trunk, 8-
Figure 3-3: Mediant 2000 Rear Panel Cabling (16 Trunks, Dual AC Power)
2
3
1
2
1
5
4
Table 3-1: Mediant 2000 Rear Panel Cabling (16 Trunks, Dual AC Power) Component Descriptions
Item #
Label
Component Description
1
RTM locking screws.
Two Category 5 network cables, connected to the 2 Ethernet RJ-45
ports.
ETHERNET
TRUNKS
2
3
4
5
Two 50-pin Telco connector cables, each supporting 8 trunks.
Protective earthing screw.
100-240~1.5A
Dual AC power cables.
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3. Installing the Mediant 2000
Figure 3-4: Mediant 2000 Rear Panel Cabling (8 Trunks, DC Power))
2
3
1
3
1
5
4
Table 3-2: Mediant 2000 Rear Panel Cabling (8 Trunks, DC Power) Component Descriptions
Item #
Label
Component Description
1
2
3
4
5
RTM latches.
ETH
A Category 5 network cable, connected to the Ethernet 1 RJ-45 port.
8 RJ-48c ports, each supporting a trunk.
Protective earthing screw.
PSTN
48V 4A max
2-pin connector for DC.
Electrical Earthing
The unit must be permanently connected to earth via the screw provided at the back on
the unit. Use 14-16 AWG wire and a proper ring terminal for the earthing.
ꢁ To cable the Mediant 2000, take these 4 steps:
1. Permanently connect the device to a suitable earth with the protective earthing screw on the
rear connector panel, using 14-16 AWG wire.
3.4.1 Connecting the E1/T1 Trunk Interfaces
Connect the Mediant 2000 E1/T1 Trunk Interfaces using either Telco or RJ-48 connectors:
ꢁ With 50-pin Telco connectors (16-trunk device), take these 3 steps:
1. Attach the Trunk cable with a 50-pin male Telco connector to the 50-pin female Telco
connector labeled “Trunks 1ꢀ8” on the Rear Transition Module (RTM).
2. Connect the other end of the Trunk cable to the PBX/PSTN switch.
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3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 for the other Trunk cable but this time connect it to the connector
labeled “Trunks 9ꢀ16”.
Figure 3-5: 50-pin Female Telco Board-Mounted Connector
Pin Numbers
25
1
26
50
Table 3-3: E1/T1 Connections on each 50-pin Telco Connector
E1/T1 Number
Tx Pins (Tip/Ring)
Rx Pins (Tip/Ring)
1 to 8
9 to 16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
27/2
29/4
26/1
28/3
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
31/6
30/5
33/8
32/7
35/10
37/12
39/14
41/16
34/9
36/11
38/13
40/15
ꢁ With RJ-48c Connectors, take these 2 steps:
1. Connect the E1/T1 trunk cables to the ports labeled “Trunks 1 to 8” (in the case of the 8-
trunk device) on the Mediant 2000 RTM.
2. Connect the other ends of the Trunk cables to the PBX/PSTN switch.
Figure 3-6: Pinout of RJ-48c Trunk Connectors
RJ-48c Connector and Pinout
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 = Rx Ring 3, 6, 7, 8
2 = Rx Tip
4 = Tx Ring
5 = Tx Tip
not connected
body = shield
3.4.2 Installing the Ethernet Connection
Connect a standard Category 5 network cable to the Ethernet RJ-45 port (and the other as
optional redundancy/backup). Connect the other end of the Category 5 network cables to your IP
network. The Ethernet connectors (labeled Ethernet 1 and Ethernet 2) are wired according to
Note that for redundant operation it is recommended to connect each of the Ethernet connectors
to a different Switch.
you may be required to disconnect this cable and re-cable it differently.
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3. Installing the Mediant 2000
Figure 3-7: Pinout of RJ-45 Connectors
RJ-45 LAN Connector and Pinout
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 = Tx+ 4, 5, 7, 8
2 = Tx-
3 = Rx+
6 = Rx-
not connected
3.4.3 Connecting the Power Supply
Connect the Mediant 2000 to the power supply using one of the following methods:
3.4.3.1 Connecting the AC Power Supply
ꢁ When using a single AC power cable:
Attach one end of the supplied 100/240 VAC power cable to the rear AC socket and connect the
other end to the correct earthed AC power supply.
ꢁ When using a dual AC power cable:
Attach one end of the supplied 100/240 VAC power cables to the rear AC sockets and connect
the other end to a separate earthed mains circuits (for power source redundancy).
Note:
For the dual AC power supply note the following:
•
The LED on the left side of the chassis is only connected when the dual AC is
used. It is not relevant to the single AC power connection.
If only a single socket is connected to the AC power, (while the other plug is left
unconnected) the chassis’ LED (on the left side) is lit Red, indicating that one
of the dual power inlets is disconnected.
•
•
When both the AC power cables are connected, one of the plugs can be
disconnected under power without affecting operation, in which case the
chassis’ left LED is lit Red.
•
•
UPS can be connected to either (or both) of the AC connections.
The dual AC connections operate in a 1 + 1 configuration and provide load-
sharing redundancy.
•
Each of the dual power cables can be connected to different AC power phases.
3.4.3.2 Connecting the DC Power Supply
To connect the Mediant 2000 to a DC power supply use one of these two options:
•
•
DC Terminal block with a screw connection type.
DC Terminal block with a crimp connection type.
ꢁ When using a DC terminal block screw connector, take these 3 steps:
1. Create a DC cable by inserting two 14-16 AWG insulated wires into the supplied adaptor
2. Connect the two insulated wires to the correct DC power supply. Ensure that the connections
to the DC power supply maintain the correct polarity.
3. Insert the terminal block into the DC inlet located on the Mediant 2000.
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Figure 3-8: DC Terminal Block Screw Connector
ꢁ When using a DC terminal block crimp connector, take these 3 steps:
1. Remove the DC adaptor (screw connection type) that is attached to the Mediant 2000 rear
panel.
2. Connect the two insulated wires to the correct DC power supply. Ensure that the connections
3. Insert the terminal block into the DC inlet located on the Mediant 2000.
Figure 3-9: DC Terminal Block Crimp Connector
2 screws for
connecting the
crimp terminal
block to the
Mediant 2000 rear
panel
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4. Getting Started
4 Getting Started
The Mediant 2000 is supplied with application software already resident in its flash memory (with
factory default parameters).
Web browser (such as Microsoft TM Internet Explorer).
For detailed information on how to fully configure the gateway, refer to the Web Interface,
4.1 Assigning the Mediant 2000 IP Address
The Mediant 2000 is composed of one or two identical media gateway modules. These media
gateways are fully independent, each gateway having its own MAC and IP addresses (Table 4-1
shows the default IP addresses of the Mediant 2000). To assign an IP address to each of the
Mediant 2000 modules use one of the following methods:
•
•
•
You can use the ‘Reset’ button to restore the Mediant 2000 networking parameters to their factory
Table 4-1: Mediant 2000 Default Networking Parameters
Mediant 2000 Version
Default Value
Single module (up to 8 Trunks)
Double module (up to 16 Trunks)
10.1.10.10
10.1.10.10 (Trunks 1-8) and 10.1.10.11 (Trunks 9-16)
Default subnet mask is 255.255.0.0, default gateway IP address is 0.0.0.0
4.1.1 Assigning an IP Address Using HTTP
ꢁ To assign an IP address using HTTP, take these 9 steps:
1. Disconnect the Mediant 2000 from the network and reconnect it to your PC using one of the
following two methods:
ꢁ
Use a standard Ethernet cable to connect the network interface on your PC to a port on
a network hub / switch. Use a second standard Ethernet cable to connect the Mediant
2000 to another port on the same network hub / switch.
ꢁ
Use an Ethernet cross-over cable to directly connect the network interface on your PC
to the Mediant 2000.
2. Change your PC’s IP address and subnet mask to correspond with the Mediant 2000 factory
address and subnet mask of your PC, refer to Windows™ Online Help (Start>Help).
41).
‘Subnet Mask’ and ‘Default Gateway IP Address’ fields under ‘IP Configuration’ to
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correspond with your network IP settings. If your network doesn’t feature a default gateway,
enter a dummy value in the ‘Default Gateway IP Address’ field.
5. Click the Reset button and click OK in the prompt; The Mediant 2000 applies the changes
and restarts. This takes approximately 3 minutes to complete. When the Mediant 2000 has
finished restarting, the Ready and LAN LEDs on the front panel are lit green.
Tip:
Record and retain the IP address and subnet mask you assign the Mediant
2000. Do the same when defining new username or password. If the
Embedded Web Server is unavailable (for example, if you’ve lost your
username and password), use the BootP/TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)
configuration utility to access the device, “reflash” the load and reset the
a BootP/TFTP configuration utility to access the device).
6. Repeat steps 3 to 5 for the Mediant 2000 second module (if used).
7. Disconnect your PC from the Mediant 2000 or from the hub / switch (depending on the
connection method you used in step Error! Reference source not found.).
8. Reconnect the Mediant 2000 and your PC (if necessary) to the network.
9. Restore your PC’s IP address and subnet mask to what they originally were. If necessary,
restart your PC and re-access the Mediant 2000 via the Embedded Web Server with its new
assigned IP address.
4.1.2 Assigning an IP Address Using BootP
Note:
BootP procedure can also be performed using any standard compatible
BootP server.
Tip:
You can also use BootP to load the auxiliary files to the Mediant 2000 (refer
to Section 6.12.1 on page 132).
ꢁ To assign an IP address using BootP, take these 4 steps:
1. Open the BootP application (supplied with the Mediant 2000 software package).
page 195.
3. Reset the gateway physically causing it to use BootP; the Mediant 2000 changes its network
parameters to the values provided by the BootP.
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 for the Mediant 2000 second module (if used).
4.2 Restoring Networking Parameters to their Initial
State
You can use the ‘Reset’ button to restore the Mediant 2000 networking parameters to their factory
Note that the Mediant 2000 returns to the software version burned in flash. This process also
restores the Mediant 2000 parameters to their factory settings, therefore you must load your
previously backed-up ini file, or the default ini file (received with the software kit) to set them to
their correct values.
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4. Getting Started
This option is currently supported on one media gateway module (trunks 1-8) only.
ꢁ To restore networking parameters to their initial state, take these 6
steps:
1. Disconnect the Mediant 2000 from the power and network cables.
2. Reconnect the power cable; the gateway is powered up. After approximately 45 seconds the
ACT LED blinks for about 4 seconds.
3. While the ACT LED is blinking, press shortly on the reset button (located on the front panel);
the gateway resets a second time and is restored with factory default parameters (username:
“Admin”, password: “Admin”).
4. Reconnect the network cable.
6. Load your previously backed-up ini file, or the default ini file (received with the software kit).
4.3 Configuring the Mediant 2000 Basic Parameters
To configure the Mediant 2000 basic parameters use the Embedded Web Server’s ‘Quick Setup’
the ‘Quick Setup’ screen.
Figure 4-1: Mediant 2000 Quick Setup Screen
ꢁ To configure basic SIP parameters, take these 10 steps:
1. If the Mediant 2000 is connected to a router with NAT (Network Address Translation)
enabled, perform the following procedure. If it isn’t, leave the ‘NAT IP Address’ field
undefined.
ꢁ
Determine the “public” IP address assigned to the router (by using, for instance, router
Web management). Enter this public IP address in the ‘NAT IP Address’ field.
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ꢁ
Enable the DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) configuration on the residential router for the LAN
port where the Mediant 2000 gateway is connected. This enables unknown packets to
be routed to the DMZ port.
2. Under ‘SIP Parameters’, enter the Mediant 2000 domain name in the field ‘Gateway Name’.
If the field is not specified, the Mediant 2000 IP address is used instead (default).
3. When working with a Proxy server, set ‘Working with Proxy’ field to ‘Yes’ and enter the IP
address of the primary Proxy server in the field ‘Proxy IP address’. When no Proxy is used,
the internal routing table is used to route the calls.
4. Enter the Proxy name in the field ‘Proxy Name’. If Proxy name is used, it replaces the Proxy
IP address in all SIP messages. This means that messages is still sent to the physical Proxy
IP address but the SIP URI contains the Proxy name instead.
5. Configure ‘Enable Registration’ to ‘Yes’ or ‘No’:
‘No’ = the Mediant 2000 does not register to a Proxy server/Registrar (default).
‘Yes’ = the Mediant 2000 registers to a Proxy server/Registrar at power up and every
‘Registration Time’ seconds. For detailed information on the parameter ‘Registration Time’,
6. Select the coder (i.e., vocoder) that best suits your VoIP system requirements. The default
coder is: G.7231 30 msec. To program the entire list of coders you want the Mediant 2000 to
use, click the button on the left side of the ‘1st Coder’ field; the drop-down lists for the 2nd to
5th coders appear. Select coders according to your system requirements. Note that coders
higher on the list are preferred and take precedence over coders lower on the list.
Note:
The preferred coder is the coder that the Mediant 2000 uses as a first choice
for all connections. If the far end gateway does not use this coder, the
Mediant 2000 negotiates with the far end gateway to select a coder that both
sides can use.
7. To program the Tel to IP Routing Table, press the arrow button next to ‘Tel to IP Routing
Table’. For information on how to configure the Tel to IP Routing Table, refer to Section
8. To program the E1/T1 B-channels, press the arrow button next to ‘Trunk Group Table’. For
9. Click the Reset button and click OK in the prompt; The Mediant 2000 applies the changes
and restarts, taking approximately 3 minutes to complete. When the Mediant 2000 has
finished restarting, the Ready and LAN LEDs on the front panel are lit green.
10. After the gateway was reset, access the Advanced Configuration>Trunk Settings page, and
select the gateway’s E1/T1 protocol type and Framing method that best suits your system
requirements. Note that for E1 spans, the framing method must always be set to ‘Extended
Super Frame’. For information on how to configure the Trunk Settings, refer to Section 5.9.3
on page 66.
You are now ready to start using the gateway. To prevent unauthorized access to the Mediant
2000, it is recommended that you change the username and password that are used to access
and password.
Tip:
Once the gateway is configured correctly back up your settings by making a
copy of the VoIP gateway configuration (ini file) and store it in a directory on
your PC. This saved file can be used to restore configuration settings at a
future time. For information on backing up and restoring the gateway’s
configuration, refer to Section 5.9.5 on page 69.
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5. Web Management
5 Web Management
5.1 Configuration Concepts
Users can utilize the Mediant 2000 in a wide variety of applications, enabled by its parameters
and configuration files (e.g., Call Progress Tones (CPT), etc.). The parameters can be configured
and configuration files can be loaded using:
•
•
A standard Web Browser (described and explained in this section).
A configuration file referred to as the ini file. For information on how to use the ini file, refer to
•
•
AudioCodes’ EMS User’s Manual or EMS Product Description).
To upgrade the Mediant 2000 (load new software or configuration files onto the gateway) use the
169).
For information on the configuration files, refer to Section 7 on page 135.
5.2 Overview of the Embedded Web Server
The Embedded Web Server is used both for gateway configuration, including loading of
configuration files, and for run-time monitoring. The Embedded Web Server can be accessed
from a standard Web browser, such as Microsoft™ Internet Explorer, Netscape™ Navigator, etc.
Specifically, Users can employ this facility to set up the gateway configuration parameters. Users
also have the option to remotely reset the gateway and to permanently apply the new set of
parameters.
5.3 Computer Requirements
To use the Web Interface, the following is needed:
•
•
•
A computer capable of running your Web browser.
A network connection to the VoIP gateway.
One of the following compatible Web browsers:
ꢁ
ꢁ
Microsoft™ Internet Explorer™ (version 6.0 and higher).
Netscape™ Navigator™ (version 7.0 and higher).
Note:
Some Java-script applications are not supported in Netscape.
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5.4 Password Control
The Embedded Web Server is protected by a unique username and password combination. The
first time a browser request is made, the User is requested to provide his username and
password to obtain access. Subsequent requests are negotiated by the browser on behalf of the
User, so that the User doesn’t have to re-enter the username and password for each request, but
the request is still authenticated (the Embedded Web Server uses the MD5 authentication
method supported by the HTTP 1.1 protocol).
An additional level of protection is obtained by a restriction that no more than three IP addresses
can access the Embedded Web Server concurrently. With this approach, a fourth User is told that
the server is busy, even if the correct username and password were provided.
5.4.1 Embedded Web Server Username & Password
The default username and password for all gateways are:
•
•
Username = “Admin” (case-sensitive)
Password = “Admin” (case-sensitive)
the password and username can be a maximum of 7 case-sensitive characters.
The User can reset the Web username and password (to the default values) by enabling an ini
file parameter called ‘ResetWebPassword’. The Web password is automatically the default
password.
5.5 Configuring the Web Interface via the ini File
Two additional security preferences can be configured using ini file parameters. These security
levels provide protection against unauthorized access (such as Internet hacker attacks),
particularly to Users without a firewall. For information on the ini file, refer to Section 6 on page
87.
5.5.1 Limiting the Embedded Web Server to Read-Only Mode
Users can limit the Web Interface to read-only mode by changing the ini file parameter
‘DisableWebConfig’ to 1. In this mode all Web screens are read-only and cannot be modified. In
addition, the following screens cannot be accessed: ‘Quick Setup’, ‘Change Password’, ’Reset‘,
‘Save Configuration‘, ‘Software Upgrade Wizard’, ‘Load Auxiliary Files’, ‘Configuration File’ and
‘Regional Settings’.
5.5.2 Disabling the Embedded Web Server
To deny access to the gateway through HTTP protocol, the User can disable the Embedded Web
Server task. To disable the Web task, use the ini file parameter ‘DisableWebTask = 1’. The
default is to Web task enabled.
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5. Web Management
5.6 Accessing the Embedded Web Server
ꢁ To access the Embedded Web Server, take these 4 steps:
1. Open a standard Web-browsing application such as Microsoft™ Internet Explorer™ (Version
6.0 and higher) or Netscape™ Navigator™ (Version 7.0 and higher).
2. In the Uniform Resource Locator (URL) field, specify the IP address of the Mediant 2000
(e.g., http://10.1.10.10); the Embedded Web Server’s ‘Enter Network Password’ screen
appears, shown in Figure 5-1.
Figure 5-1: Embedded Web Server Login Screen
3. In the ‘User Name’ and ‘Password’ fields, enter the username (default: “Admin”) and
password (default: “Admin”). Note that the username and password are case-sensitive.
5.6.1 Using Internet Explorer to Access the Embedded Web Server
Internet explorer’s security settings may block access to the gateway’s Web browser if they’re
configured incorrectly. In this case, the following message is displayed:
Unauthorized
Correct authorization is required for this area. Either your browser does not perform
authorization or your authorization has failed. RomPager server.
ꢁ To troubleshoot blocked access to Internet Explorer, take these 2
steps:
1. Delete all cookies from the Temporary Internet files. If this does not clear up the problem, the
security settings may need to be altered (refer to Step 2).
2. In Internet Explorer, Tools, Internet Options select the Security tab, and then select Custom
Level. Scroll down until the Logon options are displayed and change the setting to Prompt
for username and password and then restart the browser. This fixes any issues related to
domain use logon policy.
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5.7 Getting Acquainted with the Web Interface
Figure 5-2 shows the general layout of the Web Interface screen.
Figure 5-2: Mediant 2000 Web Interface
Main Menu
Bar
MG Module
Submenu
Bar
Title Bar
Corporate
Logo
Main Action
Frame
Control
Protocol
The Web Interface screen features the following components:
•
Title bar - contains three configurable elements: corporate logo, a background image and
the product’s name. For information on how to modify these elements, refer to Appendix F
on page 207.
•
Main menu bar - always appears on the left of every screen to quickly access parameters,
submenus, submenu options, functions and operations.
•
•
Submenu bar - appears on the top of screens and contains submenu options.
Main action frame - the main area of the screen in which information is viewed and
configured.
•
Corporate logo – AudioCodes’ corporate logo. For information on how to remove this logo,
•
•
Control Protocol – the Mediant 2000 control protocol.
MG Module – the Mediant 2000 media gateway module (Module 1 or Module 2).
5.7.1 Main Menu Bar
The main menu bar of the Web Interface is divided into the following 7 menus:
•
•
Quick Setup – Use this menu to configure the gateway’s basic settings; for the full list of
configurable parameters go directly to ‘Protocol Management’ and ‘Advanced Configuration’
Protocol Management – Use this menu to configure the gateway’s control protocol
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5. Web Management
•
•
Advanced Configuration – Use this menu to set the gateway’s advanced configuration
Status & Diagnostics – Use this menu to view and monitor the gateway’s channels, Syslog
messages, hardware / software product information, and to assess the gateway’s statistics
•
•
•
Software Update – Use this menu when you want to load new software or configuration files
Save Configuration – Use this menu to save configuration changes to the non-volatile flash
Reset – Use this menu to remotely reset the gateway. Note that you can choose to save the
When positioning your curser over a parameter name (or a table) for more than 1 second, a short
description of this parameter is displayed. Note that those parameters that are preceded with an
exclamation mark (!) are Not changeable on-the-fly and require reset.
5.7.2 Saving Changes
To save changes to the volatile memory (RAM) press the Submit button (changes to parameters
with on-the-fly capabilities are immediately available, other parameter are updated only after a
gateway reset). Parameters that are only saved to the volatile memory revert to their previous
settings after hardware reset. When performing a software reset (i.e., via Web or SNMP) you can
choose to save the changes to the non-volatile memory. To save changes so they are available
after a power fail, you must save the changes to the non-volatile memory (flash). When Save
Configuration is performed, all parameters are saved to the flash memory.
ꢁ To save the changes to flash, take these 2 steps:
1. Click the Save Configuration button; the ‘Save Configuration to Flash Memory’ screen
appears.
2. Click the Save Configuration button in the middle of the screen; a confirmation message
appears when the save is complete.
Note: When you reset the Mediant 2000 from the Web Interface, you can choose to save the
configuration to flash memory.
5.7.3 Entering Phone Numbers in Various Tables
Phone numbers entered into various tables on the gateway, such as the Tel to IP routing table,
must be entered without any formatting characters. For example, if you wish to enter the phone
number 555-1212, it must be entered as 5551212 without the hyphen (-). If the hyphen is entered,
the entry does not work. The hyphen character is used in number entry only, as part of a range
definition. For example, the entry [20-29] means “all numbers in the range 20 to 29”.
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5.8 Protocol Management
Use this menu to configure the gateway’s SIP parameters and tables.
5.8.1 Protocol Definition Parameters
Use this submenu to configure the following gateway’s specific SIP protocol parameters:
•
•
•
•
General Parameters
Proxy & Registration Parameters
DTMF & Dialing Parameters
5.8.1.1 Coders
From the Coders screen you can configure the first to fifth preferred coders (and their
corresponding ptimes) for the gateway. The first coder is the highest priority coder and is used by
the gateway whenever possible. If the far end gateway cannot use the coder assigned as the first
coder, the gateway attempts to use the next coder and so forth.
ꢁ To configure the gateway’s coders, take these 6 steps:
1. Open the ‘Coders’ screen (Protocol Management menu > Protocol Definition submenu >
Coders option); the ‘Coders’ screen is displayed.
Figure 5-3: Coders Screen
2. From the coder drop-down list, select the coder you want to use. For the full list of available
coders and their corresponding ptimes, refer to the ini file parameter ‘CoderName’
Note: Each coder can appear only once.
3. From the drop-down list to the right of the coder list, select the size of the Voice Packet
(ptime) used with this coder in milliseconds. Selecting the size of the packet determines how
many coder payloads are combined into one RTP (Real-Time Transport Protocol) (voice)
packet.
Note 1: The ptime packetization period depends on the selected coder name.
Note 2: If not specified, the ptime gets a default value.
Note 3: The ptime specifies the maximum packetization time the gateway can receive.
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 for the second to fifth coders (optional).
5. Click the Submit button to save your changes.
84.
Note:
Only the ptime of the first coder in the defined coder list is declared in
Invite/200 OK SDP, even if multiple coders are defined.
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5. Web Management
5.8.2 Advanced Parameters
Use this submenu to configure the following gateway’s advanced control protocol parameters.
•
•
•
•
Disconnect and Answer Supervision
CDR and Debug
Miscellaneous Parameters
Supplementary Services
5.8.3 Number Manipulation Tables
The VoIP gateway provides four Number Manipulation tables for incoming and outgoing calls.
These tables are used to modify the destination and source telephone numbers so that the calls
can be routed correctly.
The Manipulation Tables are:
•
•
•
•
Destination Phone Number Manipulation Table for IPꢀTel calls
Destination Phone Number Manipulation Table for TelꢀIP call
Source Phone Number Manipulation Table for IPꢀTel calls
Source Phone Number Manipulation Table for TelꢀIP calls
Note:
Number manipulation can be performed either before or after a routing
decision is made. For example, you can route a call to a specific trunk group
according to its original number, and then you can remove/add a prefix to that
number before it is routed. To control when number manipulation is done, set
the ‘RouteModeIP2Tel’ and the ‘RouteModeTel2IP’ parameters. For
Possible uses for number manipulation can be as follows:
•
To strip/add dialing plan digits from/to the number. For example, a user could dial 9 in front
of each number to indicate an external line. This number (9) can be removed here before
(after) the call is setup.
•
Assignment of NPI/TON to IPꢀTel calls. The VoIP gateway can use a single global setting
for NPI/TON classification or it can use the setting in this table on a call by call basis. Control
for this is done using “Protocol Management>Protocol Definition>Destination/Source
Number Encoding Type”.
•
Allow / disallow Caller ID information to be sent according to destination / source prefixes.
ꢁ To configure the Number Manipulation tables, take these 5 steps:
1. Open the Number Manipulation screen you want to configure (Protocol Management menu
> Manipulation Tables submenu); the relevant Manipulation table screen is displayed.
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Figure 5-4: Source Phone Number Manipulation Table for TelꢀIP Calls
2. In the ‘Table Index’ drop-down list, select the range of entries that you want to edit (up to 20
entries can be configured for Source Number Manipulation and 50 entries for Destination
Number Manipulation).
4. Click the Submit button to save your changes.
84.
Table 5-1: Number Manipulation Parameters
Parameter
Description
Destination Prefix
Source Prefix
Source IP
Each entry in the Destination Prefix fields represents a destination telephone number
prefix. An asterisk (*) represents any number.
Each entry in the Source Prefix fields represents a source telephone number prefix.
An asterisk (*) represents any number.
Each entry in the Source IP fields represents the source IP address of the call
(obtained from the Contact header in the Invite message).
This column only applies to the ‘Destination Phone Number Manipulation Table for IP
to Tel’.
Note: The source IP address can include the “x” wildcard to represent single digits.
For example: 10.8.8.xx represents all the addresses between 10.8.8.10 to 10.8.8.99.
The manipulation rules are applied to any incoming call whose:
•
•
•
Destination number prefix matches the prefix defined in the ‘Destination Number’ field.
Source number prefix matches the prefix defined in the ‘Source Prefix’ field.
Source IP address matches the IP address defined in the ‘Source IP’ field (if applicable).
Note that number manipulation can be performed using a combination of each of the above criteria, or using each
criterion independently.
Note: For available notations that represent multiple numbers, refer to Section 5.8.3.1 on page 47.
•
Enter the number of digits that you want to remove from the left of the telephone
number prefix. For example, if you enter 3 and the phone number is 5551234, the
new phone number is 1234.
Num of stripped digits
•
Enter the number of digits (in brackets) that you want to remove from the right of
the telephone number prefix.
Note: A combination of the two options is allowed (e.g., 2(3)).
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5. Web Management
Table 5-1: Number Manipulation Parameters
Description
Parameter
•
Prefix - Enter the number / string you want to add to the front of the phone
Prefix / Suffix to add
number. For example, if you enter 9 and the phone number is 1234, the new
number is 91234.
•
Suffix - Enter the number / string (in brackets) you want to add to the end of the
phone number. For example, if you enter (00) and the phone number is 1234, the
new number is 123400.
Note: You can enter a prefix and a suffix in the same field (e.g., 9(00)).
Number of digits to leave
Enter the number of digits that you want to leave from the right.
Note: The manipulation rules are executed in the following order:
1. Num of stripped digits
2. Number of digits to leave
3. Prefix / suffix to add
Figure 5-4 on the previous page exemplifies the use of these manipulation rules in the ‘Source Phone Number
Manipulation Table for TelꢀIP Calls’:
•
When destination number equals 035000 and source number equals 20155, the source number is changed to
97220155.
•
•
•
When source number equals 1001876, it is changed to 587623.
Source number 1234510012001 is changed to 20018.
Source number 3122 is changed to 2312.
NPI
Select the Number Plan assigned to this entry.
You can select Unknown [0], Private [9] or E.164 Public [1].
The default is Unknown.
48.
TON
Select the Number Type assigned to this entry.
•
•
If you selected Unknown as the Number Plan, you can select Unknown [0].
If you selected Private as the Number Plan, you can select Unknown [0], Level 2
Regional [1], Level 1 Regional [2], PSTN Specific [3] or Level 0 Regional (Local)
[4].
•
If you selected E.164 Public as the Number Plan, you can select Unknown [0],
International [1], National [2], Network Specific [3], Subscriber [4] or Abbreviated
[6].
The default is Unknown.
Presentation
Select ‘Allowed’ to send Caller ID information when a call is made using these
destination / source prefixes.
Select ‘Restricted’ if you want to restrict Caller ID information for these prefixes.
5.8.3.1 Dialing Plan Notation
The dialing plan notation applies, in addition to the four Manipulation tables, also to TelꢀIP
Routing table and to IPꢀTrunk Group Routing table.
When entering a number in the destination and source ‘Prefix’ columns, you can create an entry
that represents multiple numbers using the following notation:
•
•
•
•
•
[n-m] represents a range of numbers
[n,m] represents multiple numbers. Note that this notation only supports single digit numbers.
x represents any single digit
# (that terminates the number) represents the end of a number
A single asterisk (*) represents any number
For example:
•
[5551200-5551300]# represents all numbers from 5551200 to 5551300
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•
•
•
•
[2,3,4]xxx# represents four-digit numbers that start with 2, 3 or 4
54324 represents any number that starts with 54324
54324xx# represents a 7 digit number that starts with 54324
123[100-200]# represents all numbers from 123100 to 123200.
The VoIP gateway matches the rules starting at the top of the table. For this reason, enter more
specific rules above more generic rules. For example, if you enter 551 in entry 1 and 55 in entry
2, the VoIP gateway applies rule 1 to numbers that starts with 551 and applies rule 2 to numbers
that start with 550, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558 and 559. However if you enter 55 in entry 1
and 551 in entry 2, the VoIP gateway applies rule 1 to all numbers that start with 55 including
numbers that start with 551.
5.8.3.2 Numbering Plans and Type of Number
Numbers are classified by their Numbering Plan Indication (NPI) and their Type of Number
(TON). The Mediant 2000 supports all NPI/TON classifications used in the standard. The list of
ISDN ETSI NPI/TON values is shown as follows:
Table 5-2: NPI/TON Values for ISDN ETSI
NPI
TON
Description
A valid classification, but one that has no information about the
numbering plan.
Unknown [0]
Unknown [0]
Unknown [0]
International [1]
National [2]
A public number in E.164 format, but no information on what
kind of E.164 number.
A public number in complete international E.164 format. For
example: 16135551234
E.164 Public [1]
A public number in complete national E.164 format. For
example: 6135551234
A public number in complete E.164 format representing a local
subscriber. For example: 5551234
Subscriber [4]
Unknown [0]
A private number, but with no further information about the
numbering plan
Level 2 Regional [1]
Level 1 Regional [2]
PISN Specific [3]
Private [9]
A private number with a location. For example: 3932200
A private local extension number. For example: 2200
Level 0 Regional (local) [4]
For NI-2 and DMS-100 ISDN variants the valid combinations of TON and NPI for calling and
called numbers are (Plan/Type):
•
•
•
•
•
0/0 - Unknown/Unknown
1/1 - International number in ISDN/Telephony numbering plan
1/2 - National number in ISDN/Telephony numbering plan
1/4 - Subscriber (local) number in ISDN/Telephony numbering plan
9/4 - Subscriber (local) number in Private numbering plan
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5.8.4 Configuring the Routing Tables
Use this submenu to configure the gateway’s IPꢀTel and TelꢀIP routing tables and their
associated parameters.
5.8.4.1 Tel to IP Routing Table
The Tel to IP Routing Table is used to route incoming Tel calls to IP addresses. This routing table
associates a called / calling telephone number’s prefixes with a destination IP address or with an
FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name). When a call is routed through the VoIP gateway (Proxy
isn’t used), the called and calling numbers are compared to the list of prefixes on the IP Routing
Table (up to 50 prefixes can be configured); Calls that match these prefixes are sent to the
corresponding IP address. If the number dialed does not match these prefixes, the call is not
made.
When using a Proxy server, you do not need to configure the Telephone to IP Routing Table.
However, if you want to use fallback routing when communication with Proxy is lost, or to use the
‘Filter Calls to IP’ and IP Security features, or to obtain different SIP URI host names (per called
number), you need to configure the IP Routing Table.
Note that for the Tel to IP Routing table to take precedence over a Proxy for routing calls, set the
parameter ‘PreferRouteTable’ to 1. The gateway checks the 'Destination IP Address' field in the
'Tel to IP Routing' table for a match with the outgoing call. Only if a match is not found, a Proxy is
used.
Possible uses for Telephone to IP Routing can be as follows:
•
•
Can fallback to internal routing table if there is no communication with the Proxy.
Call Restriction – (when Proxy isn’t used), reject all outgoing TelꢀIP calls that are
associated with the destination IP address: 0.0.0.0.
•
•
•
IP Security – When the IP Security feature is enabled (SecureCallFromIP = 1), the VoIP
gateway accepts only those IPꢀTel calls with a source IP address identical to one of the IP
addresses entered in the Telephone to IP Routing Table.
Filter Calls to IP – When a Proxy is used, the gateway checks the TelꢀIP routing table
before a telephone number is routed to the Proxy. If the number is not allowed (number isn’t
listed or a Call Restriction routing rule was applied), the call is released.
Always Use Routing Table – When this feature is enabled (AlwaysUseRouteTable = 1), even
if a Proxy server is used, the SIP URI host name in the sent INVITE message is obtained
from this table. Using this feature users are able to assign a different SIP URI host name for
different called and/or calling numbers.
•
•
Assign Profiles to destination address (also when a Proxy is used).
Alternative Routing – (When Proxy isn’t used) an alternative IP destination for telephone
number prefixes is available. To associate an alternative IP address to called telephone
number prefix, assign it with an additional entry (with a different IP address), or use an
FQDN that resolves to two IP addresses. Call is sent to the alternative destination when one
of the following occurs:
ꢁ
No ping to the initial destination is available, or when poor Quality of Service (QoS)
(delay or packet loss, calculated according to previous calls) is detected, or when a
DNS host name is not resolved. For detailed information on Alternative Routing, refer to
ꢁ
When a release reason that is defined in the ‘Reasons for Alternative Tel to IP Routing’
table is received. For detailed information on the ‘Reasons for Alternative Routing
Alternative routing (using this table) is commonly implemented when there is no response to
an Invite message (after Invite retransmissions). The gateway then issues an internal 408
‘No Response’ implicit release reason. If this reason is included in the ‘Reasons for
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Alternative Routing’ table, the gateway immediately initiates a call to the redundant
destination using the next matched entry in the ‘Tel to IP Routing’ table. Note that if a domain
name in this table is resolved to two IP addresses, the timeout for Invite retransmissions can
be reduced by using the parameter ‘Number of RTX Before Hotswap’.
Note: If the alternative routing destination is the gateway itself, the call can be configured to
be routed back to PSTN. This feature is referred to as "PSTN Fallback", meaning that if
sufficient voice quality is not available over the IP network, the call is routed through legacy
telephony system (PSTN).
Tip:
Tel to IP routing can be performed either before or after applying the number
manipulation rules. To control when number manipulation is done, set the
RouteModeTel2IP parameter. For information on this parameter, refer to refer
ꢁ To configure the Tel to IP Routing table, take these 6 steps:
1. Open the ‘Tel to IP Routing’ screen (Protocol Management menu > Routing Tables
submenu > Tel to IP Routing option); the ‘Tel to IP Routing’ screen is displayed (shown in
3. In the ‘Routing Index' drop-down list, select the range of entries that you want to edit.
5. Click the Submit button to save your changes.
84.
Figure 5-5: Tel to IP Routing Table Screen
Table 5-3: Tel to IP Routing Table
Parameter
Description
Destination Phone Prefix
Each entry in the Destination Phone Prefix fields represents a called telephone
number prefix. The prefix can be 1 to 19 digits long. An asterisk (*) represents all
numbers.
Source Phone Prefix
Each entry in the Source Phone Prefix fields represents a calling telephone number
prefix. The prefix can be 1 to 19 digits long. An asterisk (*) represents all numbers.
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Table 5-3: Tel to IP Routing Table
Description
Parameter
Any telephone number whose destination number matches the prefix defined in the ‘Destination Phone Prefix’ field and
its source number matches the prefix defined in the adjacent ‘Source Phone Prefix‘ field, is sent to the IP address
entered in the ‘IP Address’ field.
Note that Tel to IP routing can be performed according to a combination of source and destination phone prefixes, or
using each independently.
Note 1: An additional entry of the same prefixes can be assigned to enable alternative routing.
Note 2: For available notations that represent multiple numbers, refer to Section 5.8.3.1 on page 47.
Destination IP Address
In each of the IP Address fields, enter the IP address that is assigned to these
prefixes. Domain names, such as domain.com, can be used instead of IP addresses.
To discard outgoing IP calls, enter 0.0.0.0 in this field.
Note: When using domain names, you must enter a DNS server IP address, or
alternatively define these names in the ‘Internal DNS Table’.
Profile ID
Status
Enter the number of the IP profile that is assigned to the destination IP address
defined in the ‘Destination IP Address’ field.
A read only field representing the quality of service of the destination IP address.
N/A = Alternative Routing feature is disabled.
OK = IP route is available
Ping Error = No ping to IP destination, route is not available
QoS Low = Bad QoS of IP destination, route is not available
DNS Error = No DNS resolution (only when domain name is used instead of an IP
address).
5.8.4.2 IP to Trunk Group Routing Table
The IP to Trunk Group Routing Table is used to route incoming IP calls to groups of E1/T1
B-channels called trunk groups. Calls are assigned to trunk groups according to any combination
of the following three options (or using each independently):
•
•
•
Destination phone prefix
Source phone prefix
Source IP address
The call is then sent to the VoIP gateway channels assigned to that trunk group. The specific
channel, within a trunk group, that is assigned to accept the call is determined according to the
trunk group’s channel selection mode which is defined in the Trunk Group Settings table
Note: When a release reason that is defined in the ‘Reasons for Alternative IP to Tel Routing’
table is received for a specific IPꢀTel call, an alternative trunk group for that call is available. To
associate an alternative trunk group to an incoming IP call, assign it with an additional entry in the
‘IP to Trunk Group Routing’ table (repeat the same routing rules with a different trunk group ID).
For detailed information on the ‘Reasons for Alternative Routing Tables’, refer to Section 5.8.4.4
To use trunk groups you must also do the following:
•
You must assign a trunk group ID to the VoIP gateway E1/T1 B-channels on the Trunk
Group Table. For information on how to assign a trunk group ID to a B-channel, refer to
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•
You can configure the Trunk Group Settings table to determine the method in which new
calls are assigned to channels within the trunk groups (a different method for each trunk
group can be configured). For information on how to enable this option, refer to Section 5.8.7
on page 60. If a Channel Select Mode for a specific trunk group isn’t specified, then the
global ‘Channel Select Mode’ parameter (defined in ‘General Parameters’ screen under
‘Advanced Parameters’) applies.
ꢁ To configure the IP to Trunk Group Routing table, take these 6 steps:
1. Open the ‘IP to Trunk Group Routing’ screen (Protocol Management menu > Routing
Tables submenu > IP to Trunk Group Routing option); the ‘IP to Trunk Group Routing’
table screen is displayed.
Figure 5-6: IP to Trunk Group Routing Table
page 115).
3. In the ‘Routing Index’ drop-down list, select the range of entries that you want to edit (up to
24 entries can be configured).
5. Click the Submit button to save your changes.
84.
Table 5-4: IP to Trunk Group Routing Table
Parameter
Description
Destination Phone Prefix
Source Phone Prefix
Source IP Address
Each entry in the Destination Phone Prefix fields represents a called
telephone number prefix. The prefix can be 1 to 49 digits long. An asterisk
(*) represents all numbers.
Each entry in the Source Phone Prefix fields represents a calling
telephone number prefix. The prefix can be 1 to 49 digits long. An asterisk
(*) represents all numbers.
Each entry in the Source IP Address fields represents the source IP
address of an IPꢀTel call (obtained from the Contact header in the Invite
message).
Note: The source IP address can include the “x” wildcard to represent
single digits. For example: 10.8.8.xx represents all the addresses between
10.8.8.10 to 10.8.8.99.
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Table 5-4: IP to Trunk Group Routing Table
Description
Parameter
Any SIP incoming call whose destination number matches the prefix defined in the ‘Destination Phone Prefix’ field and
its source number matches the prefix defined in the adjacent ‘Source Phone Prefix‘ field and its source IP address
matches the address defined in the ‘Source IP Address’ field, is assigned to the trunk group entered in the field to the
right of these fields.
Note that IP to trunk group routing can be performed according to any combination of source / destination phone
prefixes and source IP address, or using each independently.
Note: For available notations that represent multiple numbers (used in the prefix columns), refer to Section 5.8.3.1 on
Trunk Group ID
In each of the Trunk Group ID fields, enter the trunk group ID to which
calls that match these prefixes are assigned.
Profile ID
Enter the number of the IP profile that is assigned to the routing rule.
5.8.4.3 Internal DNS Table
The internal DNS table, similar to a DNS resolution, translates hostnames into IP addresses. This
table is used when hostname translation is required (e.g., ‘Tel to IP Routing’ table, etc.). Two
different IP addresses can be assigned to the same hostname. If the hostname isn’t found in this
table, the gateway communicates with an external DNS server.
Assigning two IP addresses to hostname can be used for alternative routing (using the ‘Tel to IP
Routing’ table).
ꢁ To configure the internal DNS table, take these 7 steps:
1. Open the ‘Internal DNS Table’ screen (Protocol Management menu > Routing Tables
submenu > Internal DNS Table option); the ‘Internal DNS Table’ screen is displayed.
Figure 5-7: Internal DNS Table Screen
2. In the ‘DNS Name’ field, enter the hostname to be translated. You can enter a string up to 31
characters long.
3. In the ‘First IP Address’ field, enter the first IP address that the hostname is translated to.
4. In the ‘Second IP Address’ field, enter the second IP address that the hostname is translated
to.
5. Repeat steps 2 to 4, for each Internal DNS Table entry.
6. Click the Submit button to save your changes.
84.
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5.8.4.4 Reasons for Alternative Routing
The Reasons for Alternative Routing screen includes two tables (TelꢀIP and IPꢀTel). Each table
enables you to define up to 4 different release reasons. If a call is released as a result of one of
these reasons, the gateway tries to find an alternative route to that call. The release reason for
IPꢀTel calls is provided in Q.931 notation. The release reason for TelꢀIP calls is provided in SIP
4xx, 5xx and 6xx response codes. For TelꢀIP calls an alternative IP address, for IPꢀTel calls an
alternative trunk group.
alternative trunk group.
You can use this table for example:
For TelꢀIP calls, when there is no response to an Invite message (after Invite retransmissions),
and the gateway then issues an internal 408 ‘No Response’ implicit release reason.
For IPꢀTel calls, when the destination is busy, and release reason #17 is issued or for other call
Note: The reasons for alternative routing option for TelꢀIP calls only applies when Proxy isn’t
used.
ꢁ To configure the reasons for alternative routing, take these 5 steps:
1. Open the ‘Reasons for Alternative Routing’ screen (Protocol Management menu > Routing
Tables submenu > Reasons for Alternative Routing option); the ‘Reasons for Alternative
Routing’ screen is displayed.
Figure 5-8: Reasons for Alternative Routing Screen
2. In the ‘IP to Tel Reasons’ table, from the drop-down list select up to 4 different call failure
reasons that invoke an alternative IP to Tel routing.
3. In the ‘Tel to IP Reasons’ table, from the drop-down list select up to 4 different call failure
reasons that invoke an alternative Tel to IP routing.
4. Click the Submit button to save your changes.
84.
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5.8.5 Configuring the Profile Definitions
Utilizing the Profiles feature, the Mediant 2000 provides high-level adaptation when connected to
a variety of equipment (from both Tel and IP sides) and protocols, each of which require a
different system behavior. Using Profiles, users can assign different Profiles (behavior) on a per-
call basis, using the Tel to IP and IP to Trunk Group Routing tables, or associate different Profiles
to the gateway’s B-channels(s). The Profiles contain parameters such as Coders, T.38 Relay,
Voice and DTMF Gains, Silence Suppression, Echo Canceler, RTP DiffServ and more. The
Profiles feature allows users to tune these parameters or turn them on or off, per source or
destination routing and/or the specific gateway or its ports. For example, specific E1/T! spans can
be designated for to have a profile which always uses G.711.
Each call can be associated with one or two Profiles, Tel Profile and (or) IP Profile. If both IP and
Tel profiles apply to the same call, the coders and other common parameters of the preferred
Profile (determined by the Preference option) are applied to that call. If the Preference of the Tel
and IP Profiles is identical, the Tel Profile parameters are applied.
Note:
The default values of the parameters in the Tel and IP Profiles are identical to
the Web/ini file parameter values. If a value of a parameter is changed in the
Web/ini file, it is automatically updated in the Profiles correspondingly. After
any parameter in the Profile is modified by the user, modifications to
parameters in the Web/ini file no longer impact that Profile.
5.8.5.1 Coder Group Settings
Use the Coders Group Settings screen to define up to four different coder groups. These coder
groups are used in the Tel and IP Profile Settings screens to assign different coders to Profiles.
ꢁ To configure the coder group settings, take these 8 steps:
1. Open the ‘Coder Group Settings’ screen (Protocol Management menu > Profile
Definitions submenu > Coder Group Settings option); the ‘Coder Group Settings’ screen is
displayed.
Figure 5-9: Coder Group Settings Screen
2. In the ‘Coder Group ID’ drop-down list, select the coder group you want to edit (up to four
coder groups can be configured).
3. From the coder drop-down list, select the coder you want to use. For the full list of available
coders and their corresponding ptimes, refer to the ini file parameter ‘CoderName_ID’
Note: Each coder can appear only once.
4. From the drop-down list to the right of the coder list, select the size of the Voice Packet
(ptime) used with this coder in milliseconds. Selecting the size of the packet determines how
many coder payloads are combined into one RTP (voice) packet.
Note 1: The ptime packetization period depends on the selected coder name.
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Note 2: If not specified, the ptime gets a default value.
Note 3: The ptime specifies the maximum packetization time the gateway can receive.
5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 for the second to fifth coders (optional).
6. Repeat steps 2 to 5 for the second to forth coder groups (optional).
7. Click the Submit button to save your changes.
84.
Note:
In the current version, only the ptime of the first coder is sent in the SDP
section of the Invite message.
5.8.5.2 Tel Profile Settings
Use the Tel Profile Settings screen to define up to four different Tel Profiles. These Profiles are
used in the ‘Trunk Group’ table to associate different Profiles to gateway’s B-channels, thereby
applying different behavior to different Mediant 2000 B-channels.
ꢁ To configure the Tel Profile settings, take these 8 steps:
1. Open the ‘Tel Profile Settings’ screen (Protocol Management menu > Profile Definitions
submenu > Tel Profile Settings option); the ‘Tel Profile Settings’ screen is displayed.
Figure 5-10: Tel Profile Settings Screen
2. In the ‘Profile ID’ drop-down list, select the Tel Profile you want to edit (up to four Tel Profiles
can be configured).
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3. In the ‘Profile Preference’ drop-down list, select the preference (1-10) of the current Profile.
The preference option is used to determine the priority of the Profile. If both IP and Tel
profiles apply to the same call, the coders and other common parameters of the preferred
Profile are applied to that call. If the Preference of the Tel and IP Profiles is identical, the Tel
Profile parameters are applied.
Note: If the coder lists of both IP and Tel Profiles apply to the same call, an intersection of
the coders is performed (i.e., only common coders remain). The order of the coders is
determined by the preference.
4. Configure the Profile’s parameters according to your requirements. For detailed information
on each parameter refer to the description of the screen in which it is configured as an
individual parameter.
5. In the ‘Coder Group’ drop-down list, select the coder group you want to assign to that Profile.
page 55).
6. Repeat steps 2 to 6 for the second to fifth Tel Profiles (optional).
7. Click the Submit button to save your changes.
8. To save the changes so they are available after a power fail, refer to Section 5.12 on page
84.
5.8.5.3 IP Profile Settings
Use the IP Profile Settings screen to define up to four different IP Profiles. These Profiles are
used in the Tel to IP and IP to Trunk Group Routing tables to associate different Profiles to
routing rules. IP Profiles can also be used when working with Proxy server (set
‘AlwaysUseRouteTable’ to 1).
ꢁ To configure the IP Profile settings, take these 8 steps:
1. Open the ‘IP Profile Settings’ screen (Protocol Management menu > Profile Definitions
submenu > IP Profile Settings option); the ‘IP Profile Settings’ screen is displayed.
Figure 5-11: IP Profile Settings Screen
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2. In the ‘Profile ID’ drop-down list, select the IP Profile you want to edit (up to four IP Profiles
can be configured).
3. In the ‘Profile Preference’ drop-down list, select the preference (1-10) of the current Profile.
The preference option is used to determine the priority of the Profile. If both IP and Tel
profiles apply to the same call, the coders and other common parameters of the preferred
Profile are applied to that call. If the Preference of the Tel and IP Profiles is identical, the Tel
Profile parameters are applied.
Note: If the coder lists of both IP and Tel Profiles apply to the same call, an intersection of
the coders is performed (i.e., only common coders remain). The order of the coders is
determined by the preference.
4. Configure the Profile’s parameters according to your requirements. For detailed information
on each parameter refer to the description of the screen in which it is configured as an
individual parameter.
the coder groups you defined in the Coder Group Settings screen (refer to Section 5.8.5.1 on
page 55).
6. Repeat steps 2 to 6 for the second to fifth IP Profiles (optional).
7. Click the Submit button to save your changes.
8. To save the changes so they are available after a power fail, refer to Section 5.12 on page
84.
5.8.6 Configuring the Trunk Group Table
Use the Trunk Group table to assign trunk groups, profiles and logical telephone numbers to the
gateway's E1/T1 B-channels. Trunk Groups are used for routing IPꢀTel calls with common rules.
Channels that are not defined are disabled.
ꢁ To configure the Trunk Group table, take these 4 steps:
1. Open the ‘Trunk Group Table’ screen (Protocol Management menu > Trunk Group); the
‘Trunk Group Table’ screen is displayed.
Figure 5-12: Trunk Group Table Screen
2. Configure the Trunk Group according to Table 5-5
3. Click the Submit button to save your changes.
4. To save the changes so they are available after a power fail, refer to Section 5.12 on page
84.
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Table 5-5: Trunk Group Table
Parameter
Description
Trunk ID
The numbers (1-8) in the Trunk ID drop-down list represent the physical trunks on the back of
the VoIP gateway.
Channels
To enable the trunk’s B-channels, you must enter their number in this field.
[n-m] represents a range of channels.
For example, enter [1-24] to specify the channels from 1 to 24.
Note: The number of defined channels must not exceed the number of the trunk’s B-channels
(1-24 for T1 spans and 1-30 for E1 spans).
Phone Number
In each of the Phone Number fields, enter the first number in an ordered sequence that is
assigned to the range of channels defined in the adjacent ‘Channels’ field.
Note: This field is optional. The logical numbers defined in this field are used when an
incoming PSTN / PBX call doesn’t contain the calling number or called number (the latter
being determined by the parameter ‘ReplaceEmptyDstWithPortNumber’), these numbers are
used to replace them.
These logical numbers are also used for B-channel allocation for IP to Tel calls, if the trunk
group’s ‘Channel Select Mode’ is set to ‘By Phone Number’.
Trunk Group ID
In each of the Trunk Group ID fields, enter the trunk group ID (1-99) assigned to the channels.
The same trunk group ID can be used for more than one group of channels.
Trunk group ID is used to define a group of common behavior channels that are used for
routing IP to Tel calls. If an IP to Tel call is assigned to a trunk group, the call is routed to the
channel or channels that correspond to the trunk group ID.
You can configure the Trunk Group Settings table to determine the method in which new calls
are assigned to channels within the trunk groups (refer to Section 5.8.7 on page 60).
Note: You must configure the IP to Trunk Group Routing Table (assigns incoming IP calls to
calls do not complete.
For information on how to configure this table, refer to Section 5.8.4.2 on page 51.
Profile ID
Enter the number of the Tel profile that is assigned to the B-channels defined in the
‘Channels’ field.
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5.8.7 Configuring the Trunk Group Settings
The Trunk Group Settings Table is used to determine the method in which new calls are assigned
to B-channels within each trunk group. If such a rule doesn’t exist (for a specific Trunk group), the
global rule, defined by the Channel Select Mode parameter (Protocol Definition > General
Parameters), applies.
ꢁ To configure the Trunk Group Settings table, take these 7 steps:
1. Open the ‘Trunk Group Settings’ screen (Protocol Management menu > Trunk Group
Settings); the ‘Trunk Group Settings’ screen is displayed.
Figure 5-13: Trunk Group Settings Screen
2. In the Routing Index drop-down list, select the range of entries that you want to edit (up to
24 entries can be configured).
3. In the Trunk Group ID field, enter the Trunk Group ID number.
4. In the Channel Select Mode drop-down list, select the Channel Select Mode that
determines the method in which new calls are assigned to B-channels within the Trunk
groups entered in the field to the right of this field. For information on available Channel
5. Repeat steps 4 and 5, for each defined Trunk group.
6. Click the Submit button to save your changes.
84.
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Table 5-6: Channel Select Modes
Description
Mode
By phone number
Select the gateway port according to the called number (refer to the note
below).
Cyclic Ascending
Select the next available channel in an ascending cycle order. Always select
the next higher channel number in the Trunk Group. When the gateway
reaches the highest channel number in the Trunk Group, it selects the lowest
channel number in the Trunk Group and then starts ascending again (default).
Ascending
Select the lowest available channel. Always start at the lowest channel
number in the Trunk Group and if that channel is not available, select the next
higher channel.
Cyclic Descending
Select the next available channel in descending cycle order. Always select the
next lower channel number in the Trunk Group. When the gateway reaches
the lowest channel number in the Trunk Group, it selects the highest channel
number in the Trunk Group and then start descending again.
Descending
Select the highest available channel. Always start at the highest channel
number in the Trunk Group and if that channel is not available, select the next
lower channel.
Number + Cyclic Ascending
First select the gateway port according to the called number (refer to the note
below). If the called number isn’t found, then select the next available channel
in ascending cyclic order. Note that if the called number is found, but the port
associated with this number is busy, the call is released.
Note:
The internal numbers of the gateway’s B-channels are defined in the ‘Trunk
Group Table’ under the ‘Phone Number’ column. For detailed information on
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5.9 Advanced Configuration
Use this menu to set the gateway’s advanced configuration parameters (for advanced users
only).
5.9.1 Configuring the Network Settings
From the Network Settings page you can define:
•
•
•
•
•
•
IP settings.
NTP settings.
Syslog settings.
SNMP settings.
RTP settings.
Ethernet Ports Information (read-only).
ꢁ To configure the Network Settings parameters, take these 4 steps:
1. Open the ‘Network Settings’ screen (Advanced Configuration menu > Network Settings);
the ‘Network Settings’ screen is displayed.
2. Configure the Network Settings parameters.
3. Click the Submit button to save your changes.
84.
Figure 5-14: Network Settings Screen
Note that the default RTP Base UDP Port is 6000.
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5.9.1.1 Configuring the SNMP Managers Table
The SNMP Managers table allows you to configure the attributes of up to five SNMP managers.
ꢁ To configure the SNMP Managers Table, take these 6 steps:
1. Access the ‘Network Settings’ screen (Advanced Configuration menu > Network
2. Open the SNMP Managers Table screen by clicking the arrow sign (-->) to the right of the
3. Configure the SNMP managers parameters.
4. Click the Submit button to save your changes.
5. Click the Close Window button.
84.
Figure 5-15: SNMP Managers Table Screen
Note:
If you clear a checkbox and click Submit, all settings in the same row revert
to their defaults.
5.9.1.2 Multiple Routers Support
Multiple routers support is designed to assist the media gateway when it operates in a multiple
routers network. The gateway learns the network topology by responding to ICMP redirections
and caches them as routing rules (with expiration time).
When a set of routers operating within the same subnet serve as gateways to that network and
intercommunicate using a dynamic routing protocol (such as OSPF, etc.), the routers can
determine the shortest path to a certain destination and signal the remote host the existence of
the better route. Using multiple router support the media gateway can utilize these router
messages to change its next hop and establish the best path.
Note: Multiple Routers support is an integral feature that doesn’t require configuration.
5.9.1.3 Simple Network Time Protocol Support
The Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) client functionality generates requests and reacts to
the resulting responses using the NTP version 3 protocol definitions (according to RFC 1305).
Through these requests and responses, the NTP client is able to synchronize the system time to
a time source within the network, thereby eliminating any potential issues should the local system
clock 'drift' during operation. By synchronizing time to a network time source, traffic handling,
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maintenance, and debugging actions become simplified for the network administrator.
The NTP client follows a simple process in managing system time; the NTP client requests an
NTP update, receives an NTP response, and updates the local system clock based on a
configured NTP server within the network.
The client requests a time update from a specified NTP server at a specified update interval. In
most situations this update interval should be every 24 hours based on when the system was
restarted. The NTP server identity (as an IP address) and the update interval are configurable
parameters that can be specified either in the ini file (NTPServerIP, NTPUpdateInterval
respectively) or via an SNMP MIB object.
When the client receives a response to its request from the identified NTP server it must be
interpreted based on time zone, or location, offset that the system is to a standard point of
reference called the Universal Time Coordinate (UTC). The time offset that the NTP client should
use is a configurable parameter that can be specified either in the ini file (NTPServerUTCOffset)
or via an SNMP MIB object.
If required, the clock update is performed by the client as the final step of the update process.
The update is done in such a way as to be transparent to the end users. For instance, the
response of the server may indicate that the clock is running too fast on the client. The client
slowly robs bits from the clock counter in order to to update the clock to the correct time. If the
clock is running too slow, then in an effort to catch the clock up, bits are added to the counter,
causing the clock to update quicker and catch up to the correct time. The advantage of this
method is that it does not introduce any disparity in the system time, that is noticeable to an end
user, or that could corrupt call timeouts and timestamps.
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5.9.2 Configuring the Channel Settings
The Channels Settings screen enables you to set the VoIP gateway channel parameters, such as
Input and Output voice gain, Jitter buffer characteristics, Modem, Fax and DTMF transport
modes. These parameters are applied to all Mediant 2000 channels.
Note that several Channels Settings parameters can be configured per call using profiles (refer to
Note:
Channel parameters are changeable on-the-fly. Changes take effect from
next call.
ꢁ To configure the Channel Settings parameters, take these 4 steps:
1. Open the ‘Channel Settings’ screen (Advanced Configuration menu > Channel Settings);
the ‘Channel Settings’ screen is displayed.
2. Configure the Channel Settings parameters.
3. Click the Submit button to save your changes.
4. To save the changes so they are available after a power fail, refer to Section 5.12 on page
84.
Figure 5-16: Channel Settings Screen
Note 1: The parameters ‘MF Transport Type’ and the 5 Answer Detector parameters
are not applicable to the Mediant 2000.
Note 2: The parameters ‘DTMF Transport Type’ and ‘Fax Transport Mode’ are
overridden by the parameters ‘IsDTMFUsed’ and ‘IsFaxUsed’ respectively.
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5.9.3 Configuring the Trunk Settings
ꢁ To configure the Trunk Settings, take these 9 steps:
1. Open the ‘Trunk Settings’ screen (Advanced Configuration menu > Trunk Settings); the
‘Trunk Settings’ screen is displayed.
Initially, the screen appears with the parameters fields grayed (indicating read-only). The
Stop Trunk button appears at the bottom of the screen.
their descriptions.
Figure 5-17: E1/T1 Trunk Settings Screen
2. To configure the parameters of a specific trunk, from the trunks displayed on the top, select
the trunk you want to configure by clicking the Trunk’s Status indicator. The first parameter
named ‘Trunk ID’ changes according to the trunk you click. The parameters displayed are for
the selected trunk only.
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Table 5-7: Trunks Status Color Indicator Keys
5. Web Management
Indicator
Color
Description
Gray
Disabled
Green
Yellow
Red
Active-OK
RAI Alarm
LOS Alarm
AIS Alarm
Blue
Orange
D-channel Alarm
(ISDN only)
3. To modify the selected trunk’s parameters, click the Stop Trunk button; the trunk is stopped,
the status of the parameter ‘Trunk Configuration State’ changes to ‘Non Active’, the
parameters are no longer grayed and can be modified and the Apply Trunk Settings button
appears at the bottom of the screen.
When all trunks are stopped, the Apply to all Trunks button also appears at the bottom of
the screen.
Note:
If the trunk can’t be stopped because it provides the gateway’s clock
(assuming the Mediant 2000 is synchronized with the E1/T1 clock), assign a
different E1/T1 trunk to provide the gateway’s clock or enable ‘TDM Bus
PSTN Auto Clock’ on the TDM Bus Settings screen.
To assign a different E1/T1 trunk that provides the gateway’s clock, access
the ‘TDM Bus Setting’ screen and change the ‘TDM Bus Local Reference’
number to any other trunk number (this operation can be performed on-the-
fly).
4. Select the ‘Protocol Type’ you use. Note that different trunks can be defined with different
protocols (CAS or ISDN variants) on the same gateway (subject to the constraints in the
Mediant 2000 Release Notes).
Note:
When modifying the ‘Protocol Type’ field, the menu is automatically updated
according to the selected protocol (ISDN, CAS or Transparent). Additional
parameters are appropriate to the selected protocol type.
5. Modify the relevant trunk configuration parameters according to your requirements.
6. To configure the different behavior bits: either enter the exact hexadecimal value of the bits
in the field to the right of the relevant behavior parameter, or directly configure each bit field
by completing the following steps:
ꢁ
Click the arrow button (-->) to the right of the relevant behavior parameter; a new
window appears.
ꢁ
ꢁ
Modify each bit field according to your requirements.
Click the Submit button to save your changes.
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ꢁ
Click the Close Window button.
7. After modifying the parameters:
ꢁ
ꢁ
To apply the changes to the selected trunk only, click the Apply Trunk Settings button.
To apply the changes to all the trunks, click the Apply to all Trunks button.
The screen is refreshed, parameters become read-only (indicated by being grayed). The
Stop Trunk button appears at the bottom of the screen.
84.
Note:
Some parameter configuration options require a device reset; when this is the
case, the Web Interface prompts the user.
9. To reset the Mediant 2000, refer to Section 5.12 on page 84.
5.9.4 Configuring the TDM Bus Settings
ꢁ To configure the TDM Bus Settings parameters, take these 5 steps:
1. Open the ‘TDM Bus Settings’ screen (Advanced Configuration menu > TDM Bus
Settings); the ‘TDM Bus Settings’ screen is displayed.
2. Configure the TDM Bus Settings parameters.
3. Click the Submit button to save your changes.
4. To save the changes so they are available after a power fail, refer to Section 5.12 on page
84.
Mediant 2000, refer to Section 5.12 on page 84.
Figure 5-18: TDM Bus Settings Screen
Note:
Usually the ‘PCM Law Select’ parameter is set to A-law for E1 trunks and to
µ-law for T1 trunks.
Refer to Appendix E on page 205 for information on configuring the ‘TDM Bus Clock Source’,
‘TDM Bus Enable Fallback’ and ‘TDM Bus PSTN Auto Clock’ parameters.
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5.9.5 Restoring and Backing up the Gateway Configuration
The Configuration File screen enables you to restore (load a new ini file to the gateway) or to
back up (make a copy of the VoIP gateway ini file and store it in a directory on your computer) the
current configuration the gateway is using.
Back up your configuration if you want to protect your VoIP gateway programming. The backup
ini file includes only those parameters that were modified and contain other than default values.
Restore your configuration if the VoIP gateway has been replaced or has lost its programming
information, you can restore the VoIP gateway configuration from a previous backup or from a
newly created ini file. To restore the VoIP gateway configuration from a previous backup you
must have a backup of the VoIP gateway information stored on your computer.
ꢁ To restore or back up the ini file:
•
Open the ‘Configuration File’ screen (Advanced Configuration menu > Configuration
File); the ‘Configuration File’ screen is displayed.
Figure 5-19: Configuration File Screen
ꢁ To back up the ini file, take these 4 steps:
1. Click the Get ini File button; the ‘File Download’ window opens.
2. Click the Save button; the ‘Save As’ window opens.
3. Navigate to the folder where you want to save the ini file.
4. Click the Save button; the VoIP gateway copies the ini file into the folder you selected.
ꢁ To restore the ini file, take these 4 steps:
1. Click the Browse button.
2. Navigate to the folder that contains the ini file you want to load.
3. Click the file and click the Open button; the name and path of the file appear in the field
beside the Browse button.
4. Click the Send ini File button, and click OK in the prompt; the gateway is automatically reset
(from the cmp version stored on the flash memory).
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5.9.6 Regional Settings
The ‘Regional Settings’ screen enables you to set and view the gateway’s internal date and time
and to load to the gateway the following configuration files: Call Progress Tones, CAS and Voice
ꢁ To configure the date and time of the Mediant 2000, take these 3 steps:
1. Open the ‘Regional Settings’ screen (Advanced Configuration menu > Regional
Settings); the ‘Regional Settings' screen is displayed.
Figure 5-20: Regional Settings Screen
2. Enter the time and date where the gateway is installed.
3. Click the Set Date & Time button; the date and time are automatically updated.
Note that after performing a hardware reset, the date and time are returned to their defaults and
should be updated.
ꢁ To load a configuration file to the VoIP gateway, take these 8 steps:
1. Open the ‘Regional Settings’ screen (Advanced Configuration menu > Regional
2. Click the Browse button adjacent to the file you want to load.
3. Navigate to the folder that contains the file you want to load.
4. Click the file and click the Open button; the name and path of the file appear in the field
beside the Browse button.
5. Click the Send File button that is next to the field that contains the name of the file you want
to load. An exclamation mark in the screen section indicates that the file’s loading doesn’t
take effect on-the-fly (e.g., CPT file).
6. Repeat steps 2 to 5 for each file you want to load.
Note 1: Saving a configuration file to flash memory may disrupt traffic on the Mediant
2000. To avoid this, disable all traffic on the device before saving to flash
memory.
Note 2: A device reset is required to activate a loaded CPT file.
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7. To save the loaded auxiliary files so they are available after a power fail, refer to Section
5.9.7 Changing the Mediant 2000 Username and Password
To prevent unauthorized access to the Mediant 2000, it is recommended that you change the
username and password (both are case-sensitive) that are used to access the Web Interface.
ꢁ To change the username and password, take these 5 steps:
1. Open the ‘Change Password’ screen (Advanced Configuration menu > Change
Password); the ‘Change Password’ screen is displayed.
Figure 5-21: Change Password Screen
2. In the ‘User Name’ and ‘Password’ fields, enter the new username and the new password
respectively. Note that the username and password can be a maximum of 7 case-sensitive
characters.
3. In the ‘Confirm Password’ field, reenter the new password.
4. Click the Change Password button; the new username and password are applied and the
5. Enter the updated username and password in the ‘Enter Network Password’ screen.
5.10 Status & Diagnostic
Use this menu to view and monitor the gateway’s channels, Syslog messages, hardware /
software product information, and to assess the gateway’s statistics and IP connectivity
information.
5.10.1 Gateway Statistics
Use the screens under Gateway Statistics to monitor real-time activity such as IP Connectivity
information, call details and call statistics, including the number of call attempts, failed calls, fax
calls, etc.
Note: The Gateway Statistics screens doesn’t refresh automatically. To view updated information
re-access the screen you require.
5.10.1.1 IP Connectivity
The IP Connectivity screen provides you with an online read-only network diagnostic connectivity
information on all destination IP addresses configured in the Tel to IP Routing table.
Note: This information is available only if the parameter ‘AltRoutingTel2IPEnable’ (described in
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Note:
The information in columns ‘Quality Status’ and ‘Quality Info.’ (per IP address)
is reset if two minutes elapse without a call to that destination.
ꢁ To view the IP connectivity information, take these 2 steps:
1. Set ‘AltRoutingTel2IPEnable’ to 1 or 2.
2. Open the ‘IP Connectivity’ screen (Status & Diagnostics menu > Gateway Statistics
Figure 5-22: IP Connectivity Screen
Table 5-8: IP Connectivity Parameters
Column Name
Description
IP Address
IP address defined in the destination IP address field in the Tel to IP Routing table.
or
IP address that is resolved from the host name defined in the destination IP address field in the
Tel to IP Routing table.
Host Name
Host name (or IP address) defined in the destination IP address field in the Tel to IP Routing
table.
Connectivity Method The method according to which the destination IP address is queried periodically (currently
only by ping).
Connectivity Status
Displays the status of the IP address’ connectivity according to the method in the ‘Connectivity
Method’ field.
Can be one of the following:
•
•
•
•
•
OK
Lost
Fail
Init
Disable
= Remote side responds to periodic connectivity queries.
= Remote side didn’t respond for a short period.
= Remote side doesn’t respond.
= Connectivity queries not started (e.g., IP address not resolved).
= The connectivity option is disabled (‘AltRoutingTel2IPMode’ equals 0 or 2).
Quality Status
Determines the QoS (according to packet loss and delay) of the IP address.
Can be one of the following:
•
•
•
Unknown
OK
Poor
= Recent quality information isn’t available.
Note 1: This field is applicable only if the parameter ‘AltRoutingTel2IPMode’ is set to 2 or 3.
Note 2: This field is reset if no QoS information is received for 2 minutes.
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Table 5-8: IP Connectivity Parameters
Description
Column Name
Quality Info.
Displays QoS information: delay and packet loss, calculated according to previous calls.
Note 1: This field is applicable only if the parameter ‘AltRoutingTel2IPMode’ is set to 2 or 3.
Note 2: This field is reset if no QoS information is received for 2 minutes.
DNS Status
Can be one of the following:
•
•
•
DNS Disable
DNS Resolved
DNS Unresolved
5.10.1.2 Call Counters
The Call Counters screens provide you with statistic information on incoming (IPꢀTel) and
outgoing (TelꢀIP) calls. The statistic information is updated according to the release reason that
is received after a call is terminated (during the same time as the end-of-call CDR message is
sent). The release reason can be viewed in the Termination Reason field in the CDR message.
You can reset this information by clicking the Reset Counters button.
ꢁ To view the IPꢀTel and TelꢀIP Call Counters information:
•
Open the Call Counters screen you want to view (Status & Diagnostics menu > Gateway
‘TelꢀIP Call Counters’ screen.
Figure 5-23: TelꢀIP Call Counters Screen
Table 5-9: Call Counters Description (continues on pages 73 to 74)
Counter
Description
This counter indicates the number of attempted calls.
It is composed of established and failed calls. The number of established calls is
represented by the ‘Number of Established Calls’ counter. The number of failed
calls is represented by the five failed-call counters. Only one of the established /
failed call counters is incremented every time.
Number of Attempted
Calls
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Table 5-9: Call Counters Description (continues on pages 73 to 74)
Description
Counter
This counter indicates the number of established calls. It is incremented as a result
of one of the following release reasons, if the duration of the call is bigger then zero:
GWAPP_REASON_NOT_RELEVANT (0)
GWAPP_NORMAL_CALL_CLEAR (16)
GWAPP_NORMAL_UNSPECIFIED (31)
And the internal reasons:
RELEASE_BECAUSE_UNKNOWN_REASON
RELEASE_BECAUSE_REMOTE_CANCEL_CALL
RELEASE_BECAUSE_MANUAL_DISC
Number of Established
Calls
RELEASE_BECAUSE_SILENCE_DISC
RELEASE_BECAUSE_DISCONNECT_CODE
Note: When the duration of the call is zero, the release reason
GWAPP_NORMAL_CALL_CLEAR increments the ‘Number of Failed Calls due to
No Answer’ counter. The rest of the release reasons increment the ‘Number of
Failed Calls due to Other Failures’ counter.
This counter indicates the number of calls that failed as a result of a busy line. It is
incremented as a result of the following release reason:
GWAPP_USER_BUSY (17)
Number of Failed Calls
due to a Busy Line
This counter indicates the number of calls that weren’t answered. It is incremented
as a result of one of the following release reasons:
GWAPP_NO_USER_RESPONDING (18)
Number of Failed Calls GWAPP_NO_ANSWER_FROM_USER_ALERTED (19)
due to No Answer
And (when the call duration is zero) as a result of the following:
GWAPP_NORMAL_CALL_CLEAR (16)
RELEASE_BECAUSE_NORMAL_CALL_DROP (internal)
This counter indicates the number of calls whose destinations weren’t found. It is
Number of Failed Calls incremented as a result of one of the following release reasons:
due to No Route
GWAPP_UNASSIGNED_NUMBER (1)
GWAPP_NO_ROUTE_TO_DESTINATION (3)
This counter indicates the number of calls that failed due to mismatched gateway
Number of Failed Calls capabilities. It is incremented as a result of an internal identification of capability
due to No Matched
Capabilities
mismatch. This mismatch is reflected to CDR via the value of the parameter
‘DefaultReleaseReason’ (default is GWAPP_NO_ROUTE_TO_DESTINATION (3)),
or by the GWAPP_SERVICE_NOT_IMPLEMENTED_UNSPECIFIED(79) reason.
Number of Failed Calls This counter is incremented as a result of calls that fail due to reasons not covered
due to Other Failures by the other counters.
Percentage of
The percentage of established calls from attempted calls.
Successful Calls
Average Call Duration
The average call duration of established calls.
[sec]
Attempted Fax Calls
This counter indicates the number of attempted fax calls.
Counter
Successful Fax Calls
This counter indicates the number of successful fax calls.
Counter
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5.10.2 Monitoring the Mediant 2000 Trunks & Channels
The Trunk & Channel Status screen provides real time monitoring on the current status of the
Mediant 2000 trunks & channels.
ꢁ To monitor the status of the trunks and B-channels take this step:
•
Open the ‘Trunk & Channel Status’ screen (Status & Diagnostics menu > Channel
Status); the ‘Trunk & Channel Status’ screen is displayed.
Figure 5-24: Mediant 2000 Trunk & Channel Status Screen
The number of trunks and channels that appear on the screen depends on the system
configuration. The example above depicts a system with 8 T1 spans.
indicators and their descriptions.
Figure 5-25: Trunk and Channel Status Color Indicator Keys
ꢁ To monitor the details of a specific channel, take these 2 steps:
1. Click the numbered icon of the specific channel whose detailed status you need to
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2. Click the submenu links to check/view a specific channel’s parameter settings.
Figure 5-26: Channel Status Details Screen
5.10.3 Activating the Internal Syslog Viewer
The Message Log screen displays Syslog debug messages sent by the gateway.
Note that it is not recommended to keep a ‘Message Log’ session open for a prolonged period
(refer to the Note below). For prolong debugging use an external Syslog server, refer to Section
Syslog logging level.
ꢁ To activate the Message Log, take these 4 steps:
1. In the General Parameters screen under Advanced Parameters submenu (accessed from
the Protocol Management menu), set the parameter ‘Debug Level’ to 5. This parameter
determines the Syslog logging level, in the range 0 to 5, where 5 is the highest level.
2. Open the ‘Message Log’ screen (Status & Diagnostics menu > Message Log); the
‘Message Log’ screen is displayed.
Figure 5-27: Message Log Screen
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3. Select the messages, copy them and paste them into a text editor such as Notepad. Send
this txt file to our Technical Support for diagnosis and troubleshooting.
4. To clear the screen of messages, click on the submenu Message Log; the screen is cleared
and new messages begin appearing.
Tip:
Do not keep the ‘Message Log’ screen minimized for a prolonged period as a
prolonged session may cause the Mediant 2000 to overload. As long as the
screen is open (even if minimized), a session is in progress and messages
are sent. Closing the screen (and accessing another) stops the messages
and terminates the session.
5.10.4 System Information
The System Information screen displays specific hardware and software product information. This
information can help you to expedite any troubleshooting process. Capture the screen and email
it to ‘our’ Technical Support personnel to ensure quick diagnosis and effective corrective action.
From this screen you can also view and remove any loaded auxiliary files used by the Mediant
2000 (stored in the RAM).
ꢁ To access the System Information screen:
•
Open the ‘System Information’ screen (Status & Diagnostics menu > System
Information); the ‘System Information’ screen is displayed.
Figure 5-28: System Information Screen
ꢁ To delete any of the loaded auxiliary files, take these 3 steps:
1. Press the Delete button to the right of the files you want to delete. Deleting a file takes effect
only after the Mediant 2000 is reset.
2. Click the Reset button on the main menu bar; the Reset screen is displayed.
3. Select the Burn option and click the Reset button. The Mediant 2000 is reset and the
auxiliary files you chose to delete are discarded.
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5.11 Software Update Menu
The ‘Software Update’ menu enables users to upgrade the Mediant 2000 software by loading a
new cmp file along with the ini and a suite of auxiliary files, or to update the existing auxiliary files.
The ‘Software Update’ menu comprises two submenus:
•
•
Note:
When upgrading the Mediant 2000 software you must load the new cmp file
with all other related configuration files
5.11.1 Software Upgrade Wizard
The Software Upgrade Wizard guides users through the process of software upgrade: selecting
files and loading them to the gateway. The wizard also enables users to upgrade software while
maintaining the existing configuration. Using the wizard obligates users to load a cmp file. Users
can choose to also use the Wizard to load the ini and auxiliary files (e.g., Call Progress Tones)
but this option cannot be pursued without loading the cmp file. For the ini and each auxiliary file
type, users can choose to reload an existing file, load a new file or not load a file at all.
Warning 1: The Software Upgrade Wizard requires the Mediant 2000 to be reset at
the end of the process, disrupting any of its traffic. To avoid disruption,
disable all traffic on the Mediant 2000 before initiating the Wizard.
Warning 2: Verify, prior to clicking the Start Software Upgrade button that no traffic is
running on the device. After clicking this button a device reset is
mandatory. Even if you choose to cancel the process in the middle, the
device resets itself and the previous configuration burned to flash is
reloaded.
ꢁ To use the Software Upgrade Wizard, take these 9 steps:
1. Stop all traffic on the Mediant 2000 (refer to the note above).
2. Open the ‘Software Upgrade Wizard’ (Software Update menu > Software Upgrade
Wizard); the ‘Start Software Upgrade’ screen appears.
Figure 5-29: Start Software Upgrade Screen
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Note: At this point, the process can be canceled with no consequence to the Mediant
2000 (click the Cancel button). If you continue the process (by clicking the
Start Software Upgrade button, the process must be followed through and
completed with a Mediant 2000 reset at the end. If you click the Cancel button
in any of the subsequent screens, the Mediant 2000 is automatically reset with
the configuration that was previously burned in flash memory.
Note: When in the Wizard process, the rest of the Web application is unavailable and
the background Web screen is disabled. After the process is completed,
access to the full Web application is restored.
Figure 5-30: Load a cmp File Screen
4. Click the Browse button, navigate to the cmp file and click the button Send File; the cmp file
is loaded to the Mediant 2000 and you’re notified as to a successful loading (refer to Figure
Figure 5-31: cmp File Successfully Loaded into the Mediant 2000 Notification
5. Note that the four action buttons (Cancel, Reset, Back, and Next) are now activated
(following cmp file loading).
You can now choose to either:
ꢁ
Click Reset; the Mediant 2000 resets, utilizing the new cmp you loaded and utilizing the
current configuration files.
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ꢁ
Click Cancel; the Mediant 2000 resets utilizing the cmp, ini and all other configuration
files that were previously stored in flash memory. Note that these are NOT the files you
loaded in the previous Wizard steps.
ꢁ
ꢁ
file or any other auxiliary file listed in the Wizard is optional.
Note that as you progress, the file type list on the left indicates which file type loading is in
process by illuminating green (until ‘FINISH’).
Figure 5-32: Load an ini File Screen
6. In the ‘Load an ini File’ screen, you can now choose to either:
ꢁ
Click Browse and navigate to the ini file; the check box ‘Use existing configuration’, by
default checked, becomes unchecked. Click Send File; the ini file is loaded to the
Mediant 2000 and you’re notified as to a successful loading.
ꢁ
ꢁ
Ignore the Browse button (its field remains undefined and the check box ‘Use existing
configuration’ remains checked by default).
Ignore the Browse button and uncheck the ‘Use existing configuration’ check box; no ini
file is loaded, the Mediant 2000 uses its factory-preconfigured values.
You can now choose to either:
ꢁ
Click Cancel; the Mediant 2000 resets utilizing the cmp, ini and all other configuration
files that were previously stored in flash memory. Note that these are NOT the files you
loaded in the previous Wizard steps.
ꢁ
Click Reset; the Mediant 2000 resets, utilizing the new cmp and ini file you loaded up to
now as well as utilizing the other configuration files.
ꢁ
ꢁ
CPT file or any other auxiliary file listed in the Wizard is optional.
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Figure 5-33: Load a CPT File Screen
procedure applies to the ‘Load a VP file’ (not applicable to the Mediant 2000 gateway)
screen and ‘Load a coefficient file’ screen.
upgrade process by clicking Reset or Cancel.
Button
Result
Reset
The Mediant 2000 ‘burns’ the newly loaded files to flash memory. The ‘Burning files to flash
memory’ screen appears. Wait for the ‘burn’ to finish. When it finishes, the ‘End Process’
Cancel
The Mediant 2000 resets, utilizing the files previously stored in flash memory. (Note that
these are NOT the files you loaded in the previous Wizard steps).
Figure 5-34: FINISH Screen
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Figure 5-35: ‘End Process’ Screen
9. Click the End Process button; the ‘Quick Setup’ screen appears and the full Web application
is reactivated.
5.11.2 Auxiliary Files
The ‘Auxiliary Files’ screen enables you to load to the gateway the following files: CAS, Call
Progress Tones, Voice Prompts and Prerecorded Tones (PRT). For detailed information on these
Table 5-10 presents a brief description of each auxiliary file.
Table 5-10: Auxiliary Files Descriptions
Description
File Type
CAS
Up to 8 different CAS files containing specific CAS protocol definitions.
These files are provided to support various types of CAS signaling.
Voice Prompts
The voice announcement file contains a set of Voice Prompts to be played by the
Mediant 2000 during operation.
Applicable only to the VXML application.
Call Progress Tones
Prerecorded Tones
This is a region-specific, telephone exchange-dependent file that contains the
Call Progress Tones levels and frequencies that the VoIP gateway uses. The
default CPT file is: U.S.A.
The dat PRT file enhances the gateway’s capabilities of playing a wide range of
telephone exchange tones that cannot be defined in the Call Progress Tones file.
ꢁ To load an auxiliary file to the gateway, take these 8 steps:
1. Open the ‘Auxiliary Files’ screen (Software Upgrade menu > Load Auxiliary Files); the
‘Auxiliary Files’ screen is displayed.
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Figure 5-36: Auxiliary Files Screen
2. Click the Browse button that is in the field for the type of file you want to load.
3. Navigate to the folder that contains the file you want to load.
4. Click the file and click the Open button; the name and path of the file appear in the field
beside the Browse button.
5. Click the Send File button that is next to the field that contains the name of the file you want
to load. An exclamation mark in the screen section indicates that the file’s loading doesn’t
take effect on-the-fly (e.g., CPT file).
6. Repeat steps 2 to 5 for each file you want to load.
Note 1: Saving an auxiliary file to flash memory may disrupt traffic on the Mediant
2000. To avoid this, disable all traffic on the device before saving to flash
memory.
Note 2: A device reset is required to activate a loaded CPT file, and may be required
for the activation of certain ini file parameters.
7. To save the loaded auxiliary files so they are available after a power fail, refer to Section
5.11.3 Updating the Software Upgrade Key
Mediant 2000 gateways are supplied with a Software Upgrade Key already pre-configured for
each of its TrunkPack Modules (TPM).
Users can later upgrade their Mediant 2000 features, capabilities and quantity of available
resources by specifying what upgrades they require, and purchasing a new key to match their
specification.
The Software Upgrade Key is sent as a string in a text file, to be loaded into the Mediant 2000.
Stored in the device’s non-volatile flash memory, the string defines the features and capabilities
allowed by the specific key purchased by the user. The device allows users to utilize only these
features and capabilities. A new key overwrites a previously installed key.
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5.12 Save Configuration
The Save Configuration screen enables users to save the current parameter configuration and
the loaded auxiliary files to the non-volatile memory so they are available after a power fail.
Parameters that are only saved to the volatile memory revert to their previous settings after
hardware reset.
Note that when performing a software reset (i.e., via Web or SNMP) you can choose to save the
changes to the non-volatile memory. Therefore, there is no need to use the Save Configuration
screen.
Note:
Saving changes to the non-volatile memory may disrupt traffic on the gateway.
To avoid this, disable all traffic before saving.
ꢁ To save the changes to the non-volatile, take these 2 steps:
1. Click the Save Configuration button on the main menu bar; the ‘Save Configuration’ screen
is displayed.
Figure 5-37: Save Configuration Screen
2. Click the Save Configuration button in the middle of the screen; a confirmation message
appears when the save is complete.
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5.13 Resetting the Mediant 2000
The Reset screen enables you to remotely reset the gateway. Before reset you can choose to
save the gateway configuration to flash memory.
ꢁ To reset the Mediant 2000, take these 3 steps:
1. Click the Reset button on the main menu bar; the Reset screen is displayed.
Figure 5-38: Reset Screen
2. Select one of the following options:
ꢁ
ꢁ
Burn - (default) the current configuration is burned to flash prior to reset.
Don’t Burn - resets the device without burning the current configuration to flash
(discards all modifications to the configuration).
3. Click the Reset button. If the Burn option is selected, all configuration changes are saved to
flash memory. If the Don’t Burn option is selected, all configuration changes are discarded.
The device is shut down and re-activated. A message about the waiting period is displayed.
The screen is refreshed.
Note:
When Gatekeeper is used, the gateway issues an Unregister request before it
is reset (either from the Embedded Web Server, SNMP or BootP).
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Reader’s Notes
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
6 ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
The ini file configuration parameters are stored in the Mediant 2000 non-volatile memory after the
file is loaded. When a parameter is missing from the ini file, a default value is assigned to that
parameter (according to the cmp file loaded on the Mediant 2000) and stored in the non-volatile
memory (thereby overriding the value previously defined for that parameter). Therefore, to restore
the default configuration parameters, use the ini file without any valid parameters or with a
semicolon (;) preceding all lines in the file.
Some of the Mediant 2000 parameters are configurable through the ini file only (and not via the
Web). These parameters usually determine a low-level functionality and are seldom changed for
a specific application.
6.1 Secured ini File
The ini file contains sensitive information that is required for the functioning of the Mediant 2000.
It is loaded to, or retrieved from, the device via TFTP or HTTP. These protocols are unsecured
and vulnerable to potential hackers. Therefore an encoded ini file significantly reduces these
threats.
You can choose to load an encoded ini file to the Mediant 2000. When you load an encoded ini
file, the retrieved ini file is also encoded. Use the ‘TrunkPack Downloadable Conversion Utility’ to
encode or decode the ini file before you load it to, or retrieve it from, the device. Note that the
encoded ini file’s loading procedure is identical to the regular ini file’s loading procedure. For
6.2 Modifying an ini File
ꢁ To modify the ini file, take these 3 steps:
page 69).
2. Open the file (the file opens in Notepad or a Customer-defined text file editor) and modify the
ini file parameters according to your requirements. Save and close the file.
3. Load the modified ini file to the gateway (using either the BootP/TFTP utility or the
Embedded Web Server).
This method preserves the programming that already exists in the device, including special
default values that were preconfigured when the unit was manufactured.
Tip:
Before loading the ini file to the gateway, verify that the extension of the ini
file saved on your PC is correct: Verify that the check box ‘Hide file extension
for known file types’ (My computer>Tools>Folder Options>View) is
unchecked. Then, confirm that the ini file name extension is xxx.ini and NOT
erroneously xxx.ini.ini or xxx~.ini.
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6.3 The ini File Content
The ini file contains the following SIP gateway information:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
6.4 The ini File Structure
The ini file can contain any number of parameters. The parameters are divided into groups by
Figure 6-1: ini File Structure
[Sub Section Name]
Parameter_Name = Parameter_Value
Parameter_Name = Parameter_Value
; REMARK
[Sub Section Name]
6.4.1 The ini File Structure Rules
•
•
•
•
•
Lines beginning with a semi-colon ‘;’ (as the first character) are ignored.
A Carriage Return must be the final character of each line.
The number of spaces before and after "=" is not relevant.
If there is a syntax error in the parameter name, the value is ignored.
Syntax errors in the parameter value field can cause unexpected errors (because
parameters may be set to the wrong values).
•
•
Sub-section names are optional.
String parameters, representing file names, for example CallProgressTonesFileName, must
be placed between two inverted commas (‘…’).
•
•
The parameter name is NOT case-sensitive; the parameter value is NOT case-sensitive
except for coder names.
The ini file should be ended with one or more carriage returns.
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
6.5 The ini File Example
Figure 6-2: SIP ini File Example
PCMLawSelect = 1
ProtocolType = 1
TerminationSide = 0
FramingMethod = 0
LineCode = 2
TDMBusClockSource = 4
ClockMaster = 0
;Channel Params
DJBufferMinDelay = 75
RTPRedundancyDepth = 1
IsProxyUsed = 1
ProxyIP = 192.168.122.179
CoderName = g7231,90
;List of serial B-channel numbers
TrunkGroup_1 = 0/1-24,1000
TrunkGroup_2 = 1/1-24,2000
TrunkGroup_3 = 2/1-24,3000
TrunkGroup_4 = 3/1-24,4000
EnableSyslog = 1
SyslogServerIP = 10.2.2.1
CallProgressTonesFilename = 'CPUSA.dat'
;CASFileName = ‘E_M_WinkTable.dat’
SaveConfiguration = 1
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6.6 Basic, Logging, Web and RADIUS Parameters
Server *.
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
EthernetPhyConfiguration
0 = 10 Base-T half-duplex
1 = 10 Base-T full-duplex
2 = 100 Base-TX half-duplex
3 = 100 Base-TX full-duplex
4 = auto-negotiate (Default)
Auto-negotiate falls back to half-duplex mode (HD) when the opposite port is not in
auto-negotiate, but the speed (10 Base-T, 100 Base -TX) in this mode is always
configured correctly.
DHCPEnable
[Enable DHCP]
0 = Disable DHCP support on the gateway (default).
1 = Enable DHCP support on the gateway.
After the gateway is powered up, it attempts to communicate with a BootP server. If a
BootP server is not responding and if DHCP is enabled, then the gateway attempts to
get its IP address and other network parameters from the DHCP server.
Web Note: After you enable the DHCP Server (from the Web browser) follow this
procedure:
•
•
Click the Submit button.
Save the configuration using the ‘Save Configuration’ button (before you reset
the gateway). For information on how to save the configuration, refer to Section
•
Reset the gateway directly (Web reset doesn’t trigger the BootP/DHCP
procedure and the parameter DHCPEnable reverts to ‘0’).
Note that throughout the DHCP procedure the BootP/TFTP application must be
deactivated. Otherwise, the gateway receives a response from the BootP server
instead of the DHCP server.
Note: The DHCPEnable is a special "Hidden" parameter. Once defined and saved in
flash memory, its assigned value doesn’t revert to its default even if the parameter
doesn't appear in the ini file.
EnableDiagnostics
0 = No diagnostics (default)
1 = Perform diagnostics
EnableLanWatchDog
[Enable LAN Watchdog]
0 = Disable LAN Watch-Dog (default).
1 = Enable LAN Watch-Dog.
If LAN Watch-Dog is enabled, the gateway restarts when a network failure is
detected.
DNSPriServerIP
[DNS Primary Server IP]
IP address of the primary DNS server in dotted format notation.
IP address of the secondary DNS server in dotted format notation.
DNSSecServerIP
[DNS Secondary Server IP]
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-1: Basic, Logging, Web and RADIUS Parameters (continues on pages 90 to 97)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
DNS2IP
[Internal DNS Table]
Internal DNS table, used to resolve host names to IP addresses. Two different IP
addresses (in dotted format notation) can be assigned to a hostname.
DNS2IP = <Hostname>, <first IP address>, <second IP address>
Note 1: If the internal DNS table is configured, the gateway first tries to resolve a
domain name using this table. If the domain name isn’t found, the gateway performs
a DNS resolution using an external DNS server.
Note 2: This parameter can appear up to 10 times.
GWAppDelayTime
[Delay After Reset [sec]]
Defines the amount of time (in seconds) the gateway’s operation is delayed after a
reset cycle.
The valid range is 0 to 600. The default value is 5 seconds.
Note: This feature helps to overcome connection problems caused by some LAN
routers or IP configuration parameters change by a DHCP Server.
DisableNAT
Enables / disables the Network Address Translation (NAT) mechanism.
0 = Enabled.
1 = Disabled (default).
Note: The compare operation that is performed on the IP address is enabled by
default and is controlled by the parameter ‘EnableIPAddrTranslation’. The compare
operation that is performed on the UDP port is disabled by default and is controlled
by the parameter ‘EnableUDPPortTranslation’.
EnableIPAddrTranslation
0 = Disable IP address translation.
1 = Enable IP address translation (default).
When enabled, the gateway compares the source IP address of the first incoming
packet, to the remote IP address stated in the opening of the channel. If the two IP
addresses don’t match, the NAT mechanism is activated. Consequently, the remote
IP address of the outgoing stream is replaced by the source IP address of the first
incoming packet.
Note: The NAT mechanism must be enabled for this parameter to take effect
(DisableNAT = 0).
EnableUDPPortTranslation
0 = Disable UDP port translation (default).
1 = Enable UDP port translation.
When enabled, the gateway compares the source UDP port of the first incoming
packet, to the remote UDP port stated in the opening of the channel. If the two UDP
ports don’t match, the NAT mechanism is activated. Consequently, the remote UDP
port of the outgoing stream is replaced by the source UDP port of the first incoming
packet.
Note: The NAT mechanism and the IP address translation must be enabled for this
parameter to take effect (DisableNAT = 0, EnableIpAddrTranslation = 1).
StaticNATIP
Static NAT IP address.
[NAT IP Address]
Global gateway IP address. Define if static Network Address Translation (NAT)
device is located between the gateway and the Internet.
SyslogServerIP
[Syslog Server IP Address]
IP address (in dotted format notation) of the computer you are using to run the Syslog
Server.
The Syslog Server is an application designed to collect the logs and error messages
generated by the VoIP gateway.
Note: The default UDP Syslog port is 514.
EnableSyslog
[Enable Syslog]
1 = Send the logs and error message generated by the gateway to the Syslog Server.
If you select 1, you must enter an IP address in the parameter SyslogServerIP.
0 = Logs and errors are not sent to the Syslog Server (default).
Note 1: Syslog messages may increase the network traffic.
Note 2: To configure the Syslog logging levels use the parameter ‘GwDebugLevel’.
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Table 6-1: Basic, Logging, Web and RADIUS Parameters (continues on pages 90 to 97)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
BaseUDPport
[RTP Base UDP Port]
Lower boundary of UDP port used for RTP, RTCP (Real-Time Control Protocol) (RTP
port + 1) and T.38 (RTP port + 2). The upper boundary is the Base UDP Port + 10 *
(number of gateway’s channels).
The range of possible UDP ports is 4000 to 64000.
The default base UDP port is 6000.
For example:
If the Base UDP Port is set to 6000 (the default) then:
The first channel uses the following ports: RTP 6000, RTCP 6001 and T.38 6002,
the second channel uses: RTP 6010, RTCP 6011 and T.38 6012, etc.
Note: If RTP Base UDP Port is not a factor of 10, the following message is
generated: "invalid local RTP port".
For detailed information on the default RTP/RTCP/T.38 port allocation, refer to
IPDiffServ
[RTP IP Diff. Serv]
Diff Serv Code Point (DSCP) value that is assigned to the RTP packets. The DSCP
value is used by DiffServ compatible routers to prioritize how packets are sent. By
prioritizing packets, the DiffServ routers can minimize the transmission delays for
time sensitive packets such as VoIP packets.
The valid range is 0 to 63. The default value is 0.
Note: The parameter IPDiffServ mustn’t be used simultaneously with the parameters
IPTOS and IPPrecedence.
IPPrecedence
[RTP IP Precedence]
Value that is assigned to IP Type Of Service (TOS) field in the IP header for all RTP
packets sent by the VoIP gateway.
The valid range is 0 to 15. The default value is 0.
Note: The parameters IPTOS and IPPrecedence mustn’t be used simultaneously
with the parameter IPDiffServ.
IPTOS
[RTP IP TOS]
Value that is assigned to the IP Precedence field in the IP header for all RTP
packets sent by the VoIP gateway.
The valid range is 0 to 7. The default value is 0.
Note: The parameters IPTOS and IPPrecedence mustn’t be used
simultaneously with the parameter IPDiffServ.
MaxEchoCancellerLength
and
Maximum Echo Canceler Length in msec:
0 = Internal decision to keep max channel capacity (currently 32 msec)
4 = 32 msec
11 = 64 msec
EchoCancellerLength
22 = 128 msec
The default value is 0.
Note: Both parameters must be
set to the same value.
Note 1: When set to 64 msec or more, the number of available gateway channels is
reduced (by a factor of 5/6).
For example:
Gateway with 8 E1 spans capacity is reduced to 6 spans (180 channels), while
gateway with 8 T1 spans capacity remains the same (192 channels).
Note 2: The gateway must be reset after the value of ‘MaxEchoCancellerLength’ is
changed.
ECHybridLoss
Sets the four wire to two wire worst case Hybrid loss, the ratio between the signal
level sent to the hybrid and the echo level returning from the hybrid.
0 = 6 dB (default)
1 = 9 dB
2 = 0 dB
3 = 3 dB
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-1: Basic, Logging, Web and RADIUS Parameters (continues on pages 90 to 97)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
GwDebugLevel
Defines the Syslog logging level (usually set to 5 if debug traces are needed).
[Debug Level]
0 = Debug is disabled (default)
1 = Flow debugging is enabled
2 = Flow and board interface debugging are enabled
3 = Flow, board interface and stack interface debugging are enabled
4 = Flow, board interface, stack interface and session manager debugging are
enabled
5 = Flow, board interface, stack interface, session manager and board interface
expanded debugging are enabled
CDRReportLevel
0 = CDR is not used
[CDR Report Level]
1 = Call Detail Record is sent to the Syslog server at the end of each call.
2 = CDR report is send to Syslog at start and at the end of each call
The CDR Syslog message complies with RFC 3161 and is identified by:
Facility = 17 (local1) and Severity = 6 (Informational)
Note: this parameter replaces the previous “EnableCDR” parameter
CDRSyslogServerIP
Defines the destination IP address for CDR logs.
[CDR Server IP Address]
The default value is a null string that causes the CDR messages to be sent with all
Syslog messages.
Note: The CDR messages are sent to UDP port 514 (default Syslog port).
HeartBeatDestIP
Destination IP address (in dotted format notation) to which the gateway sends
proprietary UDP ‘ping’ packets.
The default IP address is 0.0.0.0.
HeartBeatDestPort
HeartBeatIntervalmsec
Destination UDP port to which the heartbeat packets are sent.
The range is 0 to 64000.
The default is 0.
Delay (in msec) between consecutive heartbeat packets.
10 = 100000.
-1 = disabled (default).
NTPServerIP
IP address (in dotted format notation) of the NTP server.
[NTP Server IP Address]
The default IP address is 0.0.0.0 (the internal NTP client is disabled).
NTPServerUTCOffset
[NTP UTC Offset]
Defines the UTC (Universal Time Coordinate) offset (in seconds) from the NTP
server.
The default offset is 0. The offset range is –43200 to 43200 seconds.
NTPUpdateInterval
[NTP Update Interval]
Defines the time interval (in seconds) the NTP client requests for a time update.
The default interval is 86400 seconds (24 hours). The range is 0 to 214783647
seconds.
Note: It isn’t recommended to be set beyond one month (2592000 seconds).
EnableRAI
0 = Disable RAI (Resource Available Indication) service (default).
1 = Enable RAI service.
If RAI is enabled, an SNMP ‘acBoardCallResourcesAlarm’ Alarm Trap is sent if
gateway resources fall below a predefined (configurable) threshold.
RAIHighThreshold
High Threshold (in percentage) that defines the gateway‘s busy endpoints.
The range is 0 to 100.
The default value is 90%.
When the percentage of the gateway‘s busy endpoints exceeds the value configured
in High Threshold, the gateway sends an SNMP ‘acBoardCallResourcesAlarm’
Alarm Trap with a ‘major’ Alarm Status.
Note: The gateway’s available Resources are calculated by dividing the number of
busy endpoints by the total number of available gateway endpoints.
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Table 6-1: Basic, Logging, Web and RADIUS Parameters (continues on pages 90 to 97)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
RAILowThreshold
Low Threshold (in percentage) that defines the gateway‘s busy endpoints.
The range is 0 to 100.
The default value is 90%.
When the percentage of the gateway’s busy endpoints falls below the value defined
in Low Threshold, the gateway sends an SNMP ‘acBoardCallResourcesAlarm’ Alarm
Trap with a ‘cleared’ Alarm Status.
RAILoopTime
Time interval (in seconds) that the gateway checks for resource availability.
The default is 10 seconds.
Disconnect Supervision Parameters
DisconnectOnBrokenConnect
ion
[Disconnect on Broken
Connection]
0 = Don’t release the call.
1 = Call is released If RTP packets are not received for a predefined timeout
(default).
Note 1: If enabled, the timeout is set by the parameter
‘BrokenConnectionEventTimeout’, in 100 msec resolution. The default timeout is 10
seconds: (BrokenConnectionEventTimeout =100).
Note 2: This feature is applicable only if RTP session is used without Silence
Compression. If Silence Compression is enabled, the Gateway doesn’t detect that
the RTP connection is broken.
Note 3: During a call, if the source IP address (from where the RTP packets were
sent) is changed without notifying the Gateway, the Gateway will filter these RTP
packets. To overcome this issue, set ‘DisconnectOnBrokenConnection=0’; the
Gateway doesn’t detect RTP packets arriving from the original source IP address,
and will switch (after 300 msec) to the RTP packets arriving from the new source IP
address.
BrokenConnectionEventTime The amount of time (in 100 msec units) an RTP packets isn’t received, after which a
out
call is disconnected.
[Broken Connection Timeout]
The valid range is 1 to 1000. The default value is 100 (10 seconds).
Note 1: Applicable only if ‘DisconnectOnBrokenConnection = 1’.
Note 2: Currently this feature works only if Silence Suppression is disabled.
EnableSilenceDisconnect
[Disconnect Call on Silence
Detection]
1 = The gateway disconnect calls in which silence occurs in both (call) directions for
more than 120 seconds.
0 = Call is not disconnected when silence is detected (default).
The silence duration can be set by the ‘FarEndDisconnectSilencePeriod’ parameter
(default 120).
Note: To activate this feature set: ‘EnableSilenceCompression’ to 1 and
‘FarEndDisconnectSilenceMethod’ to 1.
FarEndDisconnectSilencePeri Duration of silence period (in seconds) prior to call disconnection.
od
The range is 10 to 28800 (8 hours). The default is 120 seconds.
Applicable to gateways, that use DSP templates 2 or 3.
[Silence Detection Period]
FarEndDisconnectSilenceMet Silence detection method.
hod
0 (None) = Silence detection option is disabled.
[Silence Detection Method]
1 (Packets Count) = According to packet count.
2 (Voice/Energy Detectors) = N/A.
3 (All) = N/A.
FarEndDisconnectSilenceThr Threshold of the packet count (in percents), below which is considered silence by the
eshold
media gateway.
The valid range is 1 to 100. The default is 8%.
Note: Applicable only if silence is detected according to packet count
(FarEndDisconnectSilenceMethod = 1).
Web-Related Parameters
DisableWebTask
0 = Enable Web management (default)
1 = Disable Web management
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-1: Basic, Logging, Web and RADIUS Parameters (continues on pages 90 to 97)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
ResetWebPassword
Allows resetting to default of Web password to:
Username: “Admin”
Password: “Admin”
DisableWebConfig
HTTPport
0 = Enable changing parameters from Web (default)
1 = Operate Web Server in “read only” mode
HTTP port used for Web management (default = 80)
Customizing the Web Appearance Parameters
UseProductName
0 = Disabled (default).
1 = Enabled.
If enabled, the ‘UserProductNane’ text string is displayed instead of the default
product name.
UserProductName
UseWebLogo
Text string that replaces the product name.
The default is “Mediant 2000”.
The string can be up to 29 characters.
0 = Logo image is used (default).
1 = Text string is used instead of a logo image.
If enabled, AudioCodes’ default logo (or any other logo defined by the
‘LogoFileName’ parameter) is replaced with a text string defined by the
‘WebLogoText’ parameter.
WebLogoText
LogoWidth
Text string that replaces the logo image.
The string can be up to 15 characters.
Width (in pixels) of the logo image.
Note: The optimal setting depends on the resolution settings.
The default value is 441, which is the width of AudioCodes’ displayed logo.
LogoFileName
Name of the image file containing the user’s logo.
File name can be up to 47 characters.
The logo file name can be used to replace AudioCodes’ default Web logo with a User
defined logo.
Use a gif, jpeg or jpg image file.
BkgImageFileName
RADIUS-Related Parameters
Name of the file containing the user’s background image.
File name can be up to 47 characters.
The background file can be used to replace AudioCodes’ default background image
with a User defined background.
Use a gif, jpeg or jpg image file.
EnableRADIUS
[Enable RADIUS]
0 = RADIUS application is disabled (default).
1 = RADIUS application is enabled.
AAAIndications
[AAA Indications]
0 = No indications (default).
3 = Accounting only
MaxRADIUSSessions
[Max. RADIUS Sessions]
Number of concurrent calls that can communicate with the RADIUS server (optional).
The valid range is 0 to 240.
The default value is 240.
SharedSecret
[Shared Secret]
“Secret” used to authenticate the gateway to the RADIUS server. It should be a
cryptographically strong password.
RADIUSRetransmission
[RADIUS Max.
Retransmissions]
Number of retransmission retries.
The valid range is 1 to 10.
The default value is 3.
RadiusTO
The interval between each retry (measured in seconds).
The valid range is 1 to 30.
The default value is 10.
RADIUSAuthServerIP
[RADIUS Authentication Server IP address of Authentication and Authorization server.
IP Address]
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Table 6-1: Basic, Logging, Web and RADIUS Parameters (continues on pages 90 to 97)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
RADIUSAuthPort
[RADIUS Authentication Port]
Port number of Authentication and Authorization server.
The default value is 1645.
RADIUSAccServerIP
[RADIUS Accounting Server IP
Address]
IP address of accounting server.
RADIUSAccPort
[RADIUS Accounting Port]
Port number of Radius accounting server.
The default value is 1646.
RadiusAccountingType
[RADIUS Accounting Type]
Determines when a RADIUS accounting report is issued.
0 = At the Release of the call only (default).
1 = At the Connect and Release of the call.
2 = At the Setup and Release of the call.
BootP and TFTP Parameters
IniFileURL
Specifies the name of the ini file and the location of the TFTP server from which the
gateway loads the ini and configuration files.
For example:
tftp://192.168.0.1/filename
tftp://192.10.77.13/config<MAC>
Note: The optional string “<MAC>” is replaced with the gateway’s MAC address.
Therefore, the gateway requests an ini file name that contains its MAC address. This
option enables loading different configurations for specific gateways.
CmpFileURL
Specifies the name of the cmp file and the location of the TFTP server from which the
gateway loads a new cmp file and updates itself.
For example: tftp://192.168.0.1/filename
Note 1: When this parameter is set in the ini file, the gateway always loads the cmp
file after it is reset.
Note 2: The version of the loaded cmp file isn’t checked.
The BootP parameters are special "Hidden" parameters. Once defined and saved in the flash memory, they are used
even if they don't appear in the ini file.
BootPRetries
BootP retries. Sets the number of BootP requests the device sends during start-up.
The device stops sending BootP requests when either BootP reply is received or
Number of Retries is reached.
1 = 1 BootP retry, 1 second.
2 = 2 BootP retries, 3 second.
3 = 3 BootP retries, 6 second (default).
4 = 10 BootP retries, 30 second.
5 = 20 BootP retries, 60 second.
6 = 40 BootP retries, 120 second.
7 = 100 BootP retries, 300 second.
15 = BootP retries indefinitely.
Note: This parameter only takes effect from the next reset of the device.
BootPSelectiveEnable
Enables the Selective BootP mechanism.
1 = Enabled.
0 = Disabled (default).
The Selective BootP mechanism enables the gateway’s integral BootP client to filter
unsolicited BootP/DHCP replies (accepts only BootP replies that contain the text
“AUDC" in the vendor specific information field). This option is useful in environments
where enterprise BootP/DHCP servers provide undesired responses to the gateway’s
BootP requests.
Note: When working with DHCP (EnableDHCP=1) the selective BootP feature must
be disabled.
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-1: Basic, Logging, Web and RADIUS Parameters (continues on pages 90 to 97)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
BootPDelay
The interval between the device’s startup and the first BootP/DHCP request that is
issued by the device.
1 = 1 second (default).
2 = 3 second.
3 = 6 second.
4 = 30 second.
5 = 60 second.
Note: This parameter only takes effect from the next reset of the device.
ExtBootPReqEnable
0 = Disable (default).
1 = Enable extended information to be sent in BootP request.
If enabled, the device uses the vendor specific information field in the BootP request
to provide device-related initial startup information such as board type, current IP
address, software version, etc. For a full list of the vendor specific Information fields,
The BootP/TFTP configuration utility displays this information in the ‘Client Info’
Note: This option is not available on DHCP servers.
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6.7 SNMP Parameters
Note:
Server *.
ini File Field Name
Web Parameter Name*
Valid Range and Description
DisableSNMP
0 = SNMP is enabled (default).
[Enable SNMP]
1 = SNMP is disabled and no traps are sent.
SNMPPort
The device’s local UDP port used for SNMP Get/Set commands.
The range is 100 to 3999.
The default port is 161.
SNMPTrustedMGR_x
Up to five IP addresses of remote trusted SNMP managers from which the
SNMP agent accepts and processes get and set requests.
Note 1: If no values are assigned to these parameters any manager can
access the device.
Note 2: Trusted managers can work with all community strings.
SNMP Trap Parameters
SNMPManagerTableIP_x
[SNMP Managers Table]
Up to five IP addresses of remote hosts that are used as SNMP Managers. The
device sends SNMP traps to these IP addresses.
Enter the IP address in dotted format notation, for example 108.10.1.255.
Note: The first entry (out of the five) replaces the obsolete parameter
SNMPManagerIP.
SNMPManagerTrapPort_x
[SNMP Managers Table]
Up to five parameters used to define the Port numbers of the remote SNMP
Managers. The device sends SNMP traps to these ports.
Note: The first entry (out of the five) replaces the obsolete parameter
SNMPTrapPort.
The default SNMP trap port is 162
The SNMP trap port must be between 100 to 4000.
SNMPManagerIsUsed_x
Up to five parameters, each determines the validity of the parameters (IP
[SNMP Managers Table]
address and port number) of the corresponding SNMP Manager used to
receive SNMP traps.
0 = Disabled (default)
1 = Enabled
SNMPManagerTrapSendingEnable_x Up to five parameters, each determines the activation/deactivation of sending
[SNMP Managers Table]
traps to the corresponding SNMP Manager.
0 = Sending is disabled
1 = Sending is enabled (default)
SNMPManagerIP
IP address (in dotted format notation) for the computer that is used as the first
SNMP Manager. The SNMP Manager is a device that is used for receiving
SNMP Traps.
Note: Obsolete parameter, use
SNMPManagerTableIP_x instead.
Note 1: To enable the device to send SNMP Traps, set the ini file parameter
SNMPManagerIsUsed to 1.
Note 2: If you want to use more than one SNMP manger, ignore this parameter
and use the parameters ‘SNMPManagerTableIP_x’ instead.
SNMP Community String Parameters
SNMPReadOnlyCommunityString_x Read-only community string (up to 19 chars).
The default string is “public”.
SNMPReadWriteCommunityString_x Read-write community string (up to 19 chars).
The default string is “private”.
SNMPTrapCommunityString_x
Community string used in traps (up to 19 chars).
The default string is “trapuser”.
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-2: SNMP Parameter (continues on pages 98 to 99)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
SetCommunityString
SNMP community string (up to 19 chars).
Default community string for read “public”, for set & get “private”.
Note: Obsolete parameter, use
SNMPReadWriteCommunityString_x
instead.
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6.8 SIP Configuration Parameters
Note:
Server *.
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
ControlIPDiffServ
[Signaling DiffServ]
Defines the value of the 'DiffServ' field in the IP header for SIP messages.
The valid range is 0 to 63. The default value is 0.
SIPGatewayName
[Gateway Name]
Use this parameter to assign a name to the device (For example: ‘gateway1.com’).
Ensure that the name you choose is the one that the Proxy is configured with to identify
your media gateway.
Note: If specified, the gateway Name is used as the host part of the SIP URL, in the
‘From’ header. If not specified, the gateway IP address is used instead (default).
IsProxyUsed
[Enable Proxy]
0 = Proxy isn’t used, the internal routing table is used instead (default).
1 = Proxy is used.
ProxyIP
[Proxy IP Address]
IP address (and optionally port number) of the primary Proxy server you are using.
Enter the IP address as FQDN or in dotted format notation (for example 201.10.8.1).
You can also specify the selected port in the format: <IP Address>:<port>.
This parameter is applicable only if you select ‘Yes’ in the ‘Is Proxy Used’ field.
If you enable Proxy Redundancy (by setting EnableProxyKeepAlive=1), the gateway
can function with up to three Proxy servers. If there is no response from the primary
Proxy, the gateway tries to communicate with the redundant Proxies. When a
redundant Proxy is found, the gateway either continues working with it until the next
failure occurs or reverts to the primary Proxy (refer to the ‘Redundancy Mode’
parameter). If none of the Proxy servers respond, the gateway goes over the list again.
The gateway also provides real time switching (hotswap mode), between the primary
and redundant proxies (‘IsProxyHotSwap=1’). If the first Proxy doesn’t respond to Invite
message, the same Invite message is immediately sent to the second Proxy.
Note 1: If ‘EnableProxyKeepAlive=1’, the gateway monitors the connection with the
Proxies by using keep-alive messages ("OPTIONS").
Note 2: To use Proxy Redundancy, you must specify one or more redundant Proxies
using multiple ’ProxyIP= <IP address>’ definitions.
Note 3: When port number is specified (e.g., domain.com:5080), DNS SRV queries
aren’t performed, even if ‘EnableProxySRVQuery’ is set to 1.
ProxyIP
ProxyIP
ProxyIP
[Redundant Proxy IP
Address]
IP addresses of the redundant Proxies you are using.
Enter the IP address as FQDN or in dotted format notation (for example 192.10.1.255).
You can also specify the selected port in the format: <IP Address>:<port>.
Note 1: This parameter is available only if you select “Yes” in the ‘Is Proxy Used’ field.
Note 2: When port number is specified, DNS SRV queries aren’t performed, even if
‘EnableProxySRVQuery’ is set to 1.
ini file note: The IP addresses of the redundant Proxies are defined by the second,
third and forth repetition of the ini file parameter ‘ProxyIP’.
ProxyName
[Proxy Name]
Home Proxy Domain Name. If specified, the name is used as Request-URI in
REGISTER, INVITE and other SIP messages.
If the proxy name isn’t specified, the Proxy IP address is used instead.
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-3: SIP Configuration Parameters (continues on pages 100 to 110)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
EnableProxySRVQuery
Enables the use of DNS Service Record (SRV) queries to discover Proxy servers.
[Enable Proxy SRV Queries] 0 = Disabled (default).
1 = Enabled.
If enabled and the Proxy IP address parameter contains a domain name without port
definition (e.g., ProxyIP = domain.com), an SRV query is performed. The SRV query
returns up to four Proxy host names and their weights. The gateway then performs
DNS A-record queries for each Proxy host name (according to the received weights) to
locate up to four Proxy IP addresses. Therefore, if the first SRV query returns two
domain names, and the A-record queries return 2 IP addresses each, no more
searches are performed.
If the Proxy IP address parameter contains a domain name with port definition (e.g.,
ProxyIP = domain.com:5080), the gateway performs a regular DNS A-record query.
Note: This mechanism is applicable only if ‘EnableProxyKeepAlive = 1’.
AlwaysSendToProxy
0 = Use standard SIP routing rules (default)
[Always Use Proxy]
1 = All SIP messages and Responses are sent to Proxy server
Note: Applicable only if Proxy server is used.
SendInviteToProxy
[Send All Invite to Proxy]
0 = INVITE messages, generated as a result of Transfer or Redirect, are sent directly to
the URL (according to the refer-to header in the REFER message or contact header in
30x response) (default).
1 = All INVITE messages, including those generated as a result of Transfer or Redirect
are sent to Proxy.
Note: Applicable only if Proxy server is used and “AlwaysSendtoProxy=0”.
PreferRouteTable
[Prefer Routing Table]
Determines if the local Tel to IP routing table takes precedence over a Proxy for routing
calls.
0 = Only Proxy is used to route calls (default).
1 = The Proxy checks the 'Destination IP Address' field in the 'Tel to IP Routing' table
for a match with the outgoing call. Only if a match is not found, a Proxy is used.
Note: Applicable only if Proxy is not always used (‘AlwaysSendToProxy’ = 0,
‘SendInviteToProxy’ = 0).
EnableProxyKeepAlive
0 = Disable (default)
[Enable Proxy Keep Alive]
1 = Keep alive with Proxy, by sending "OPTIONS" SIP message every
“ProxyKeepAliveTime”.
Note: This parameter must be enabled when Proxy redundancy is used.
ProxyKeepAliveTime
[Proxy Keep Alive Time]
Defines the Proxy keep-alive time interval (in seconds) between OPTIONS messages.
The default value is 60 seconds.
UseGatewayNameForOptio 0 = Use the gateway’s IP address in keep-alive OPTIONS messages (default).
ns
1 = Use ‘GatewayName’ in keep-alive OPTIONS messages.
The OPTIONS Request-URI host part contains either the gateway’s IP address or a
string defined by the parameter ‘Gatewayname’.
[Use Gateway Name for
OPTIONS]
The gateway uses the OPTIONS request as a keep-alive message to its primary and
redundant Proxies.
IsProxyHotSwap
Enable Proxy Hot Swap redundancy mode.
[Enable Proxy Hotswap]
0 = Disabled (default)
1 = Enabled
If Hot Swap is enabled, SIP INVITE message is first sent to the primary Proxy server. If
there is no response from the primary Proxy server for “ProxyHotSwapRtx”
retransmissions, the INVITE message is resent to the redundant Proxy server.
ProxyHotSwapRtx
[Number of RTX before
Hotswap]
Number of retransmitted INVITE messages before call is routed (hot swap) to another
Proxy
Range: 1-30
The default is 3.
Note: This parameter is also used for alternative routing using the Tel to IP Routing
table. If a domain name in the routing table is resolved into 2 IP addresses, and if there
is no response for ‘ProxyHotSwapRtx’ retransmissions to the Invite message that is
sent to the first IP address, the gateway immediately initiates a call to the second IP
address.
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Table 6-3: SIP Configuration Parameters (continues on pages 100 to 110)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
ProxyRedundancyMode
[Redundancy Mode]
0 = Parking mode: gateway continues working with the last active Proxy until the next
failure. (default)
1 = Homing mode: gateway always tries to work with the primary Proxy server
(switches back to the primary Proxy whenever it is available).
Note: To use ProxyRedundancyMode, enable Keep-alive with Proxy option
(EnableProxyKeepAlive=1).
IsTrustedProxy
[Is Proxy Trusted]
This parameter isn’t applicable and must always be set to 1.
The parameter ‘AssertedIdMode’ should be used instead.
IsFallbackUsed
[Enable Fallback to
Routing Table]
0 = Gateway fallback is not used (default).
1 = Internal Telephone to IP Routing table is used when Proxy servers are not
available.
When the gateway falls back to the internal Telephone to IP Routing table, the gateway
continues scanning for a Proxy. When the gateway finds an active Proxy, it switches
from internal routing back to Proxy routing.
Note: To enable the redundant Proxies mechanism set ‘EnableProxyKeepAlive’ to 1.
UserName
[User Name]
Username used for Registration and for Basic/Digest authentication process with Proxy
/ Registrar.
Parameter doesn’t have a default value (empty string).
Password
[Password]
Password used for Basic/Digest authentication process with Proxy / Registrar.
The default is “Default_Passwd”.
Cnonce
[Cnonce]
String used by the SIP Server and client to provide mutual authentication (free format,
i.e., “Cnonce = 0a4f113b”).
The default is “Default_Cnonce”.
IsRegisterNeeded
[Enable Registration]
0 = Gateway does not register to Proxy/Registrar (default)
1 = Gateway registers to Proxy/Registrar at power up
RegistrarIP
[Registrar IP Address]
IP address of Registrar server (optional). If not specified, the gateway registers to Proxy
server.
RegistrarName
[Registrar Name]
Registrar Domain Name.
If specified, the name is used as Request-URI in Register messages.
If isn’t specified (default), the Registrar IP address or Proxy name or Proxy IP
address is used instead.
GWRegistrationName
Defines the user name that is used in From and To headers of Register messages.
[Gateway Registration Name] If ‘GWRegistrationName’ isn’t specified (default), the ’Username’ parameter is used
instead.
RegistrationTime
[Registration Time]
Registration expired timeout (seconds). The value is used in "Expires = " header.
Typically a value of 3600 is assigned, for one hour registration.
The gateway resumes registration when half the defined timeout period expires.
RegistrationTimeDivider
[Re-registration Timing (%)]
Defines the re-registration timing (in percentage). The timing is a percentage of the re-
register timing set by the Registration server.
The valid range is 50 to 100. The default value is 50.
For example: If ‘RegistrationTimeDivider = 70’ (%) and Registration Expires time =
3600, the gateway resends its registration request after 3600 x 70% = 2520 sec.
RegistrationRetryTime
[Registration Retry Time]
Defines the time period (in seconds) after which a Registration request is resent if
registration fails with 4xx, or there is no response from the Proxy/Registrar.The default
is 30 seconds. The range is 10 to 3600.
PrackMode
PRACK mechanism mode for 1XX reliable responses:
[PRACK Mode]
0 = Disabled
1 = Supported (default)
2 = Required
Note 1: The Supported and Required headers contain the “100rel” parameter.
Note 2: The Mediant 2000 sends PRACK message if 180/183 response is received
with “100rel” in the Supported or the Required headers.
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-3: SIP Configuration Parameters (continues on pages 100 to 110)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
AssertedIdMode
[Asserted Identity Mode]
0 = None (default).
1 = P-asserted.
2 = P-preferred.
The Asserted ID mode defines the header that is used in the generated INVITE
request. The header also depends on the calling Privacy: allowed or restricted.
The P-asserted (or P-preferred) headers are used to present the originating party’s
Caller ID. The Caller ID is composed of a Calling Number and (optionally) a Calling
Name.
P-asserted (or P-preferred) headers are used together with the Privacy header. If Caller
ID is restricted the “Privacy: id” is included. Otherwise, for allowed Caller ID the
“Privacy: none” is used. If Caller ID (received from PSTN) is restricted, the From header
is set to <[email protected]>.
EnableRPIheader
0 = Disable (default)
[Enable Remote Party ID]
1 = RPI (Remote-Party-ID) headers are generated in SIP INVITE message for both
called and calling numbers.
SIPDestinationPort
[SIP Destination Port]
SIP UDP destination port for sending SIP messages.
The default port is 5060.
LocalSIPPort
[SIP Local Port]
Local UDP port used to receive SIP messages.
The default port is 5060.
IsUserPhone
[Use “user=phone” in SIP
URL]
0 = Doesn’t use "user=phone" string in SIP URL.
1 = "user=phone" string is part of the SIP URL (default).
IsUserPhoneInFrom
[Use “user=phone” in From
header]
0 = Doesn’t use ";user=phone" string in From header (default).
1 = ";user=phone" string is part of the From header.
EnablePtime
0 = Remove the ptime header from SDP.
1 = Include the ptime header in SDP (default).
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Table 6-3: SIP Configuration Parameters (continues on pages 100 to 110)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
CoderName
[Coders]
CoderName = Coder,ptime (can appear up to 5 times)
The following coder names can be selected:
g711Alaw64k
g711Ulaw64k
g7231
g7231r53
g726
– G.711 A-law.
– G.711 µ-law.
– G.723.1 6.3 kbps (default).
– G.723 5.3 kbps.
– G.726 ADPCM 32 kbps (Payload Type = 2).
– G.729A.
g729
NetCoder6_4
NetCoder7_2
NetCoder8
NetCoder8_8
Transparent
Evrc
– NetCoder 6.4 kbps.
– NetCoder 7.2 kbps.
– NetCoder 8.0 kbps.
– NetCoder 8.8 kbps.
– Transparent coder.
– EVRC coder.
Amr
– AMR coder.
Note: The coder name is case-sensitive.
The RTP packetization period (ptime, in msec) depends on the selected Coder name,
and can have the following values:
g711 family
g729
g723 family
G.726
NetCoder family
EVRC
AMR
– 10,20,30,40,50,60,80,100,120 (default=20).
– 10,20,30,40,50,60,80,100 (default=20).
– 30,60,90,120 (default = 30).
– 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 (default=20).
– 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 (default=20).
– 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 (default=20).
– 20 only.
Transparent
- 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 (default=20)
Note 1: If not specified, the ptime gets a default value.
Note 2: Each coder should appear only once.
Note 3: The ptime specifies the maximum packetization time the gateway can receive.
Note 4: G.729B is supported if the coder G.729 is selected and
‘EnableSilenceCompression’ equals 1 or 2.
Note 5: The selected rate of the AMR coder is set according to the parameter
‘AMRSendRate’. The selected rate of the EVRC coder is set according to the
parameter ‘EVRCRate’.
Note 6: The AMR coder is enabled only if ‘DSPVersionTemplateNumber = 1’. When
this DSP template is selected, the maximum number of channels is 160 instead of 240
(rounded to full E1/T1 trunk capacity 30/24 channels per trunk).
Note 7: The EVRC coder is enabled only if ‘DSPVersionTemplateNumber = 2’. When
this DSP template is selected, the maximum number of channels is 120 instead of 240
(rounded to full E1/T1 trunk capacity 30/24 channels per trunk). Note that the value of
the parameter ‘EnableRFC2658Interleaving’ must be identical on both sides of the call.
For example:
CoderName = g711Alaw64k,20
CoderName = g711Ulaw64k,40
CoderName = g7231,90
AMRPayloadType
Determines the payload type that is used when the selected coder is set to one of the
AMR coder variants.
The valid range is 0 to 120. The default value is 64.
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-3: SIP Configuration Parameters (continues on pages 100 to 110)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
AMRSendRate
Determines the selected rate for the AMR coder. This parameter is relevant only if AMR
is included in the coder list (‘CoderName’).
0 = AMR 4.75 kbps.
1 = AMR 5.15 kbps.
2 = AMR 5.90 kbps.
3 = AMR 6.70 kbps.
4 = AMR 7.40 kbps.
5 = AMR 7.95 kbps.
6 = AMR 10.2 kbps.
7 = AMR 12.2 kbps (default).
EVRCRate
Determines the selected rate for the EVRC coder. This parameter is relevant only if
EVRC is included in the coder list (‘CoderName’).
0 = Variable rate (default).
1 = 1 kbps
2 = 4 kbps
3 = 8 kbps
EVRCPayloadType
Determines the payload type that is used when the selected coder is set to ‘Evrc’.
The valid range is 0 to 120. The default value is 60.
TransparentPayloadType
Specifies the payload type that is used when the selected coder is set to ‘Transparent’.
The valid range is 0 to120. The default value is 56.
DSPVersionTemplateNumb Determines the number of the DSP load. Each load has a different coder list, a different
er
channel capacity and different supported features.
0 = G.711, G.726, G.723, G.729, Netcoder (default).
1 = AMR, G.711, G.726, G.723, G.729.
2 = EVRC, G.711, G.726, G.723, G.729.
EnableRFC2658Interleavin When enabled, RTP packets include an interleaving byte for VBR coders.
g
0 = Disable (default).
1 = Enable.
Note: This parameter is applicable only to EVRC coder.
TransparentCoderOnDataC 0 = Only use coders from the coder list (default).
all
1 = Use transparent coder for data calls.
The ‘Transparent’ coder can be used on data calls. When the gateway receives a Setup
message from the ISDN with ‘TransferCapabilities = data’, it can initiate a call using the
coder ‘Transparent’ (even if the coder is not included in the coder list). This option is a
proprietary feature that requires the receiving gateway to include the ‘Transparent’
coder in its coder list.
IsFaxUsed
[Fax Signaling Method]
Determines the SIP signaling method used to establish and convey a fax session after
a fax is detected.
0 (No Fax)
1 (T.38 Relay)
= No fax negotiation using SIP signaling (default).
= Initiates T.38 fax relay.
2 (G.711 Transport)
= Initiates fax using the coder G.711 A-law/µ-law (if not
previously selected) with adaptations (refer to note 1).
Note 1: Fax adaptations:
Echo Canceller = On
Silence Compression = Off
Echo Canceller Non-Linear Processor Mode = Off
Dynamic Jitter Buffer Minimum Delay = 40
Dynamic Jitter Buffer Optimization Factor = 13
Note 2: If the gateway initiates a fax session using G.711 (option 2), a ‘gpmd’ attribute
is added to the SDP in the following format:
For A-law: ‘a=gpmd:0 vbd=yes;ecan=on’. For µ-law: ‘a=gpmd:8 vbd=yes;ecan=on’.
Note 3: When ‘IsFaxUsed’ is set to 1 or 2, the parameter ‘FaxTransportMode’ is
ignored.
T38UseRTPPort
Defines that the T.38 packets are sent / received using the same port as RTP packets.
0 = Use the RTP port +2 to send / receive T.38 packets (default).
1 = Use the same port as the RTP port to send / receive T.38 packets.
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Table 6-3: SIP Configuration Parameters (continues on pages 100 to 110)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
CngDetectorMode
0 = Don’t detect CNG (default)
[CNG Detector Mode]
2 = Detect CNG on caller side and start fax session (if IsFaxUsed=1)
Usually T.38 fax session starts when the “preamble” signal is detected by the
answering side. Some SIP gateways doesn’t’ support the detection of this fax signal on
the answering side, for these cases it is possible to configure the gateways to start the
T.38 fax session when the CNG tone is detected by the originating side. However this
mode is not recommended.
DefaultReleaseCause
[Default Release Cause]
Default Release Cause (for IP to Tel calls), used when the gateway initiates a call
release, and if an explicit matching cause for this release isn’t found, a default release
cause can be configured. The default release cause is described in the Q.931 notation,
and translated to corresponding SIP equivalent response value
The default release cause is: NO_ROUTE_TO_DESTINATION (3).
Other common values are: NO_CIRCUIT_AVAILABLE (34) or
DESTINATION_OUT_OF_ORDER (27), etc.
Note: The default release cause is described in the Q.931 notation, and is translated to
corresponding SIP 40x or 50x value. For example: 404 for 3, 503 for 34 and 502 for 27.
IPAlertTimeout
[Tel to IP No Answer
Timeout]
Defines the time (in seconds) the gateway waits for a 200 OK response from the called
party (IP side) after sending an Invite message. If the timer expires, the call is released.
The valid range is 0 to 3600. The default value is 180.
SipSessionExpires
0 = Not activate (default)
[Session-Expires Time]
Timeout [seconds] for Keeping a "re-INVITE" message alive within a SIP session
MINSE
[Minimum Session-Expires]
Defines the time (in seconds) that is used in the Min-SE header field. This field defines
the minimum time that the user agent supports for session refresh.
The valid range is 10 to 100000. The default value is 90.
SIPMaxRtx
[SIP Maximum Rtx]
Number of UDP retransmissions of SIP messages.
The range is 1 to 7.
The default value is 7.
SipT1Rtx
[SIP T1 Retransmission
Timer (msec)]
The time interval (in msec) between the first transmission of a SIP message and the
first retransmission of the same message.
The default is 500.
Note: The time interval between subsequent retransmissions of the same SIP message
starts with SipT1Rtx and is multiplied by two until SipT2Rtx.
For example (assuming that SipT1Rtx = 500 and SipT2Rtx = 4000):
The first retransmission is sent after 500 msec.
The second retransmission is sent after 1000 (2*500) msec.
The third retransmission is sent after 2000 (2*1000) msec.
The fourth retransmission and subsequent retransmissions until SIPMaxRtx are sent
after 4000 (2*2000) msec.
SipT2Rtx
[SIP T2 Retransmission
Timer (msec)]
The maximum interval (in msec) between retransmission of SIP messages.
The default is 4000.
Note: The time interval between subsequent retransmissions of the same SIP message
starts with SipT1Rtx and is multiplied by two until SipT2Rtx.
EnableEarlyMedia
0 = Early Media is disabled (default).
[Enable Early Media]
1 = Enable Early Media.
If enabled, the Mediant 2000 gateway sends 183 Session Progress response with SDP
(instead of 180 ringing), enabling the setup of the media stream prior to the answering
of the call. Sending 183 response depends on the Progress Indicator. It is sent only if
PI=1 or PI=8 was received in Proceeding or Alert PRI messages. For CAS gateways
see the ‘ProgressIndicator2IP’ parameter.
Note: Generally, this parameter is set to 1.
EnableTransfer
0 = Call transfer is not allowed (default).
[Enable Transfer]
1 = The gateway responds to a Refer message with "Referred To" header to initiates a
Call Transfer.
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-3: SIP Configuration Parameters (continues on pages 100 to 110)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
XferPrefix
[Transfer Prefix]
Defined string that is added, as a prefix, to the transferred called number, when
Refer/3xx message is received.
Note 1: The number manipulation rules apply to the user part of the Refer-TO/Contact
URL before it is sent in the Invite message.
Note 2: The xferprefix parameter can be used to apply different manipulation rules to
differentiate the transferred number from the original dialed number.
EnableHold
0 = Hold service disabled (default)
[Enable Hold]
1 = Hold service is enabled, held tone is played to holding party.
EnableForward
0 = Disable call forward (default)
[Enable Call Forward]
1 = Enable call forward service.
The Mediant 2000 doesn't initiate call forward, it can only respond to call forward
requests.
UseSIPURIForDiversionHe Sets the URI format in the Diversion header.
ader
0 = “tel:” (default).
1 = “sip:”.
EnableCallWaiting
[Enable Call Waiting]
0 = Disabled (default)
1 = Enabled
If enabled, when the gateway initiates a Tel to IP call to a destination that is busy, it
plays a Call Waiting Ringback tone to the originator of the call.
Note 1: The gateway’s Call Progress Tones file must include a Call Waiting Ringback
tone.
Note 2: The EnableHold parameter must be enabled on the called side.
Defines the supported Receive DTMF negotiation method.
0 = Don’t declare RFC 2833 Telephony-event parameter in SDP
1 = n/a
RxDTMFOption
[Declare RFC 2833 in SDP]
2 = n/a
3 = Declare RFC 2833 “Telephony-event” parameter in SDP (default)
The gateway is designed to always be receptive to RFC 2833 DTMF relay packets.
Therefore, it is always correct to include the “Telephony-event” parameter as a default
in the SDP. However some gateways use the absence of the “telephony-event” from
the SDP to decide to send DTMF digits inband using G.711 coder, if this is the case
you can set “RxDTMFOption=0”.
TxDTMFOption
[DTMF RFC2833
Negotiation]
0 = No negotiation, DTMF digit is sent according to the “DTMFTransportType”
parameter.
4 = Enable RFC 2833 payload type (PT) negotiation (default).
Note 1: This parameter is applicable only if “IsDTMFUsed=0” (out-of-band DTMF is not
used)
Note 2: If enabled, the gateway:
•
•
•
Negotiates RFC 2833 payload type using local and remote SDPs.
Sends DTMF packets using RFC 2833 PT according to the received SDP.
Expects to receive RFC 2833 packets with the same PT as configured by the
“RFC2833PayloadType” parameter.
Note 3: If the remote party doesn’t include the RFC 2833 DTMF relay payload type in
the SDP, the gateway uses the same PT for send and for receive.
Note 4: If TxDTMFOption is set to 0, the RFC 2833 payload type is set according to the
parameter ‘RFC2833PayloadType’ for both transmit and receive.
IsDTMFUsed
Use out-of-band signaling to relay DTMF digits.
[Use Out-of-Band DTMF]
0 = Disable, DTMF digits are sent according to DTMFTransportType parameter.
(default)
1 = Enable sending DTMF digits within INFO or NOTIFY messages.
When out-of-band DTMF transfer is used DTMFTransportType is automatically set to 0.
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Table 6-3: SIP Configuration Parameters (continues on pages 100 to 110)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
OutOfBandDTMFFormat
[Out-of-Band DTMF Format]
The exact method to send out-of-band DTMF digits
1 = INFO format (Nortel)
2 = INFO format (Cisco) - (default)
3 = NOTIFY format <draft-mahy-sipping-signaled-digits-01.txt>
Note 1: To use out-of-band DTMF, set “IsDTMFUsed=1”.
Note 2: When using out-of-band DTMF, the “DTMFTransportType” parameter is
automatically set to 0, to erase the DTMF digits from RTP path.
DisableAutoDTMFMute
Enables / disables the automatic mute of DTMF digits when out-of-band DTMF
transmission is used.
0 = Auto mute is used (default).
1 = No automatic mute of in-band DTMF.
When ‘DisableAutoDTMFMute=1’, the DTMF transport type is set according to the
parameter ‘DTMFTransportType’ and the DTMF digits aren’t muted if out-of-band
DTMF mode is selected (’IsDTMFUsed =1’). This enables the sending of DTMF digits
in-band (transparent of RFC 2833) in addition to out-of-band DTMF messages.
Note: Usually this mode is not recommended.
MaxActiveCalls
Defines the maximum number of calls that the gateway can have active at the same
[Max Number Of Active Calls] time. If the maximum number of calls is reached, new calls are not established.
The default value is max available channels (no restriction on the maximum number of
calls). The valid range is 1 to 240.
MaxCallDuration
[Max Call Duration]
Defines the maximum call duration in minutes. If this time expires, both sides of the call
are released (IP and Tel).
The valid range is 0 to 120. The default is 0 (no limitation).
EnableBusyOut
0 = Not used (default)
[Enable Busy Out]
1 = Enable busy out
If Proxy is not responding (according to the Proxy keep alive mechanism) or if there is a
failure in the network, and if fallback isn’t enabled (IsFallbackUsed=0), all E1/T1 trunks
are automatically put out of service by sending a remote alarm (AIS) or Service Out
message for T1 PRI trunks that support these messages (NI-2, 4/5-ESS, DMS-100 and
Meridian). Note that behavior varies between different protocol types.
EnableDigitDelivery2IP
[Enable Digit Delivery to IP]
0 = Disabled (default).
1 = Enable digit delivery to IP.
The digit delivery feature enables sending of DTMF digits to the destination IP address
after the TelꢀIP call was answered.
To enable this feature, modify the called number to include at least one ’p’ character.
The gateway uses the digits before the ‘p’ character in the initial Invite message. After
the call was answered the gateway waits for the required time (# of ‘p’ * 1.5 seconds)
and then sends the rest of the DTMF digits using the method chosen (in-band, out-of-
band).
Note: The called number can include several ‘p’ characters (1.5 seconds pause).
For example, the called number can be as follows: pp699, p9p300.
EnableDigitDelivery
[Enable Digit Delivery to Tel]
The digit delivery feature enables sending of DTMF digits to the Gateway’s B-channel
after the call is answered.
0 = Disabled (default).
1 = Enable Digit Delivery feature for Mediant 2000 (two stage dialing).
Note: For incoming IPꢀTel calls, if the called number includes the characters ‘w’ or ‘p’,
the Mediant 2000 Gateway places a call with the first part of the called number, and
plays DTMF digits after the call is answered. If the character ‘p’ (pause) is used, the
Mediant 2000 waits for 1.5 seconds before playing the next DTMF digit. If the character
‘w’ is used, the Mediant 2000 waits for detection of dial tone before it starts playing
DTMF digits. The character ‘w’ can appear once in the called number, and must
precede any ‘p’ character. The ‘p’ character can appear several times.
For example: if the number “1007766p100” is defined as the called number, the
Mediant 2000 places a call with 1007766 as the destination number, then, after the call
is answered, it waits for 1.5 seconds and plays the rest of the number (100) as DTMF
digits.
Other examples: 1664wpp102, 66644ppp503, 7774w100pp200.
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-3: SIP Configuration Parameters (continues on pages 100 to 110)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
Profile Parameters
CoderName_ID
[Coder Group Settings]
Coder list for Profiles (up to five coders in each group).
The CoderName_ID parameter (ID from 1 to 4) provides groups of coders that can be
associated with IP or Tel profiles.
You can select the following coders:
g711Alaw64k
g711Ulaw64k
g7231
g7231r53
g726
– G.711 A-law.
– G.711 µ-law.
– G.723.1 6.3 kbps (default).
– G.723.1 5.3 kbps.
– G.726 ADPCM 32 kbps (Payload Type = 2).
– G.729A.
g729
NetCoder6_4
NetCoder7_2
NetCoder8
NetCoder8_8
Transparent
Evrc
– NetCoder 6.4 kbps.
– NetCoder 7.2 kbps.
– NetCoder 8.0 kbps.
– NetCoder 8.8 kbps.
– Transparent coder.
– EVRC coder.
Amr
– AMR coder.
The RTP packetization period (ptime, in msec) depends on the selected Coder name,
and can have the following values:
g711 family
g729
g723 family
G.726 family
– 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100, 120 (default=20).
– 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100 (default=20).
– 30, 60, 90, 120 (default = 30).
– 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100, 120 (default=20)
NetCoder family – 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 (default=20).
EVRC
AMR
– 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 (default=20).
– 20 only.
Transparent
- 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 (default=20)
Note 1: If not specified, the ptime gets a default value.
Note 2: Each coder should appear only once.
Note 3: The ptime specifies the maximum packetization time the Gateway will receive.
Note 4: G.729B is supported if the coder G.729 is selected and
‘EnableSilenceCompression’ equals 1 or 2.
Note 5: The selected rate of the AMR coder is set according to the parameter
‘AMRSendRate’. The selected rate of the EVRC coder is set according to the parameter
‘EVRCRate’.
Note 6: The AMR coder is enabled only if ‘DSPVersionTemplateNumber = 1’. When
this DSP template is selected, the maximum number of channels is 160 instead of 240
(rounded to full E1/T1 trunk capacity 30/24 channels per trunk).
Note 7: The EVRC coder is enabled only if ‘DSPVersionTemplateNumber = 2’. When
this DSP template is selected, the maximum number of channels is 120 instead of 240
(rounded to full E1/T1 trunk capacity 30/24 channels per trunk). Note that the value of
the parameter ‘EnableRFC2658Interleaving’ must be identical on both sides of the call.
ini file note 1: This parameter (CoderName_ID) can appear up to 20 times (five coders
in four coder groups).
ini file note 2: The coder name is case-sensitive.
ini file note 3: Enter in the format: CoderName,ptime.
For example, the following three coders belong to coder group with ID=1:
CoderName_1 = g711Alaw64k,20
CoderName_1 = g711Ulaw64k,40
CoderName_1 = g7231,90
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Table 6-3: SIP Configuration Parameters (continues on pages 100 to 110)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
IPProfile_ID
IPProfile_<Profile ID> =
[IP Profile Settings]
<Profile Name>,<Preference>,<Coder Group ID>,<IsFaxUsed *>,<DJBufMinDelay *>,
<DJBufOptFactor *>,<IPDiffServ *>,<ControlIPDiffServ
*>,<EnableSilenceCompression>, <RTPRedundancyDepth>
Preference = (1-10) The preference option is used to determine the priority of the
Profile. If both IP and Tel profiles apply to the same call, the coders and other common
parameters of the preferred Profile are applied to that call. If the Preference of the Tel
and IP Profiles is identical, the Tel Profile parameters are applied.
For example:
IPProfile_1 = name1,2,1,0,10,13,15,44,1,1
IPProfile_2 = name2,$$,$$,$$,$,$$,$$,$$,$$,1
$$ = Not configured, the default value of the parameter is used.
(*) = Common parameter used in both IP and Tel profiles.
Note 1: The IP ProfileID can be used in the Tel2IP and IP2Tel routing tables (Prefix and
PSTNPrefix parameters).
Note 2: ‘Profile Name’ assigned to a ProfileID, enabling User’s to identify it intuitively
and easily.
Note 3: This parameter can appear up to 4 times.
TelProfile_ID
TelProfile_<Profile ID> =
[Tel Profile Settings]
<Profile Name>,<Preference>,<Coder Group ID>,<IsFaxUsed *>,<DJBufMinDelay *>,
<DJBufOptFactor *>,<IPDiffServ *>,<ControlIPDiffServ*>,<DtmfVolume>,<InputGain>,
<VoiceVolume>, <EnableDigitDelivery>, <ECE>
Preference = (1-10) The preference option is used to determine the priority of the
Profile. If both IP and Tel profiles apply to the same call, the coders and other common
parameters of the preferred Profile are applied to that call. If the Preference of the Tel
and IP Profiles is identical, the Tel Profile parameters are applied.
For examples:
TelProfile_1 = FaxProfile,1,2,0,10,5,22,33,2,22,34,1,1
TelProfile_2 = ModemProfile,0,10,13,$$,$$,$$,$$,$$,0,$$,0,1
$$ = Not configured, the default value of the parameter is used.
(*) = Common parameter used in both IP and Tel profiles.
Note 1: The Tel ProfileID can be used in the Trunk Group table (TrunkGroup_x
parameter).
Note 2: ‘Profile Name’ assigned to a ProfileID, enabling User’s to identify it intuitively
and easily.
Note 3: This parameter can appear up to 4 times.
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
6.9 ISDN and CAS Interworking-Related Parameters
Note:
Server *.
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
EnableTDMoverIP
[Enable TDM Tunneling]
0 = Disabled (default).
1 = TDM Tunneling is enabled.
When TDM Tunneling is enabled, the originating Mediant 2000 automatically initiates
SIP calls from all enabled B-channels belonging to the E1/T1/J1 spans that are
configured with the ‘Transparent’ protocol. The called number of each call is the internal
phone number of the B-channel that the call originates from. The IP to Trunk Group
routing table is used to define the destination IP address of the terminating Mediant
2000. The terminating Mediant 2000 gateway automatically answers these calls if its
E1/T1 protocol is set to ‘Transparent’ (ProtocolType = 5).
PlayRBTone2Tel
[Play Ringback Tone to Tel]
0 (Don’t play) = The ISDN / CAS gateway doesn’t play a Ringback Tone (RBT). No PI is
sent to the ISDN, unless the parameter ‘Progress Indicator to ISDN’ is configured
differently.
1 (Play) =
The CAS gateway plays a local RBT to PSTN after receipt of a 180 ringing response
(with or without SDP).
Note: Reception of a 183 response doesn’t cause the CAS gateway to play an RBT
(unless ‘SIP183Behavior = 1’).
The ISDN gateway functions according to the parameter ‘LocalISDNRBSource’:
•
If the ISDN gateway receives a 180 ringing response (with or without SDP) and
‘LocalISDNRBSource = 1’, it plays a RBT and sends an Alert with PI = 8 (unless
the parameter ‘Progress Indicator to ISDN’ is configured differently).
If ‘LocalISDNRBSource = 0’, the ISDN gateway doesn’t play an RBT and an Alert
message (without PI) is sent to the ISDN. In this case, the PBX / PSTN should
play the RBT to the originating terminal by itself.
•
Note: Reception of a 183 response doesn’t cause the ISDN gateway to play an RBT;
the gateway issues a Progress message (unless ‘SIP183Behavior = 1’).
If ‘SIP183Behavior = 1’, the 183 response is treated the same way as a 180 ringing
response.
2 = Play according to “early media” (default).
If a 180 response is received and the voice channel is already open (due to a previous
183 early media response or due to an SDP in the current 180 response), the ISDN /
CAS gateway doesn’t play the RBT; PI = 8 is sent in an ISDN Alert message (unless the
parameter ‘Progress Indicator to ISDN’ is configured differently).
If a 180 response is received but the “early media” voice channel is not opened, the
CAS gateway plays an RBT to the PSTN; the ISDN gateway functions according to the
parameter ‘LocalISDNRBSource’:
•
If ‘LocalISDNRBSource = 1’, the ISDN gateway plays an RBT and sends an ISDN
Alert with PI = 8 to the ISDN (unless the parameter ‘Progress Indicator to ISDN’ is
configured differently).
•
If ‘LocalISDNRBSource = 0’, the ISDN gateway doesn’t play an RBT.
No PI is sent in the ISDN Alert message (unless the parameter ‘Progress Indicator
to ISDN’ is configured differently). In this case, the PBX / PSTN should play an
RBT tone to the originating terminal by itself.
Note: Reception of a 183 response results in an ISDN Progress message (unless
‘SIP183Behavior = 1’).
If ‘SIP183Behavior = 1’ (183 is handled in the same way as a 180+SDP), the gateway
sends an Alert message with PI = 8, without playing an RBT.
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Table 6-4: ISDN and CAS Interworking-Related Parameters (continues on pages 111 to 114)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
PlayRBTone2IP
0 = Ringback tone isn’t played (default).
[Play Ringback Tone to IP]
1 = Ringback tone is played (to IP) after SIP 183 session progress response is sent.
If configured to ‘1’ (Play),
For IPꢀTel calls, if a Progress or an Alert message with PI is sent from the ISDN and
‘EnableEarlyMedia = 1’, the Mediant 2000 opens a voice channel and sends 183
response. It doesn’t play a Ringback tone to IP (assuming that the Ringback tone is
played by the ISDN).
Otherwise, if a voice channel isn’t opened, the Mediant 2000 plays Ringback tone to IP,
after receiving an Alert message from the ISDN. It sends 183 response, signaling the
originating party to open a voice channel in order to hear the played Ringback tone.
Note 1: To enable the gateway to send a 183 response, set ‘EnableEarlyMedia’ to 1.
Note 2: If ‘EnableDigitDelivery = 1’, the gateway doesn’t play a Ringback tone to IP and
doesn’t send a 183 response.
ProgressIndicator2ISDN
0, 1 or 8
[Progress Indicator to ISDN] -1 = Not configured (default).
If set to "0" PI is not sent to ISDN
If set to "1" or "8" the PI value is sent to PSTN in Q.931/Proceeding and Alerting
messages.
If not configured, the PI in ISDN messages is set according to the "Play Ringback to
Tel" parameter.
Usually if PI = 1 or 8, the PSTN/PBX cuts through the audio channel without playing
local Ringback tone, enabling the originating party to hear remote Call Progress Tones
or network announcements
ProgressIndicator2IP
[Progress Indicator to IP]
-1 = (Not configured) for ISDN spans, the PI that is received in ISDN Proceeding,
Progress and Alert messages is used as described in the following options (default).
0 = (No PI) For IPꢀTel call, the gateway sends “180 Ringing” SIP response to IP after
receiving ISDN Alert, or (for CAS) after placing a call to PBX/PSTN.
8, 1 = For IPꢀTel call, if ‘EnableEarlyMedia=1’, the gateway sends “183 session in
progress” message + SDP, after a call is placed to PBX/PSTN over the trunk. This is
used to cut through voice path, before remote party answers the call, enabling the
originating party to listen to network Call Progress Tones (such as Ringback tone or
other network announcements).
PIForDisconnectMsg
[Set PI in Rx Disconnect
Message]
Defines the gateway’s behavior when a Disconnect message is received from the ISDN
before a Connect message was received.
-1 (Not configured) = Sends a 183 message according to the received PI in the ISDN
Disconnect message. If PI = 1 or 8, the gateway sends a 183 response, enabling the
PSTN to play a voice announcement to the IP side. If there isn’t a PI in the Disconnect
message, the call is released (default).
0 = Do not send a 183 message to IP. The call is released.
1, 8 = Sends 183 message to IP.
ConnectOnProgressInd
0 = Connect message isn’t sent after 183 Session Progress is received (default).
1 = Connect message is sent after 183 Session Progress is received.
This feature enables the play of announcements from IP to PSTN without the need to
answer the TelꢀIP call. It can be used with PSTN networks that don’t support the
opening of a TDM channel before an ISDN Connect message is received.
SIP183Behavior
[183 Message Behavior]
Defines the ISDN message that is sent when 183 Session Progress message is
received for IPꢀTel calls.
0 = Progress message (default).
1 = Alert message.
When set to 1, the gateway sends an Alert message (after the receipt of a 183
response) instead of an ISDN Progress message.
LocalISDNRBSource
[Local ISDN Ringback Tone
Source]
Determines whether Ringback tone is played to the ISDN by the PBX / PSTN or by the
gateway.
0 = PBX / PSTN (default).
1 = Gateway.
This parameter is applicable to ISDN protocols. It is used simultaneously with the
parameter ’PlayRBTone2Tel’.
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-4: ISDN and CAS Interworking-Related Parameters (continues on pages 111 to 114)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
PSTNAlertTimeout
[PSTN Alert Timeout]
Alert Timeout in seconds (ISDN T301 timer) for outgoing calls to PSTN.
The default is 180 seconds. The range is 0 to 240.
Note: The PSTN stack T301 timer can be overridden by a lower value, but it can’t be
increased.
ISDNTransferCapability
[ISDN Transfer Capabilities]
Defines the IPꢀISDN Transfer Capability of the Bearer Capability IE in ISDN Setup
messages.
0 = Audio 3.1 (default).
1 = Speech.
2 = Data.
Note: If this parameter isn’t configured or equals to ‘–1’, Audio 3.1 capability is used.
ScreeningInd2IP
[Send Screening Indicator to
IP]
The parameter can overwrite the calling number screening indication for ISDN TelꢀIP
calls.
-1 = not configured (interworking from ISDN to IP) or set to 0 for CAS.
0 = user provided, not screened.
1 = user provided, verified and passed.
2 = user provided, verified and failed.
3 = network provided.
Note: Applicable only if Remote Party ID (RPID) header is enabled.
SupportRedirectInFacility
EnableCIC
0 = Not Supported (default).
1 = Supports partial retrieval of Redirect Number (number only) from a Facility IE in
ISDN Setup messages. Applicable to Redirect number according to ECMA-173 Call
Diversion Supplementary Services.
Note: To enable this feature, ‘ISDNDuplicateQ931BuffMode’ must be set to 1.
0 = Do not relay the Carrier Identification Code (CIC) to ISDN (default).
1 = CIC is relayed to ISDN in Transit Network Selection IE.
If enabled, the CIC code (received in an Invite Request-URI) is included in a TNS IE in
ISDN Setup message. For example: INVITE sip:555666;[email protected] sip/2.0.
Note: Currently this feature is supported only in SIPꢀISDN direction.
EnableAOC
0 = Not used (default).
1 = ISDN Advice of Charge (AOC) messages are interworked to SIP.
The gateway supports reception of ISDN (Euro ISDN) AOC messages. AOC messages
can be received during a call (Facility messages) or at the end of a call (Disconnect or
Release messages). The gateway converts the AOC messages into SIP Info (during a
call) and Bye (end of a call) messages using a proprietary AOC SIP header. The
gateway supports both Currency and Pulse AOC messages.
TimeForReorderTone
Busy or Reorder Tone duration the CAS gateway plays before releasing the line.
The valid range is 0 to 15. The default value is 10 seconds.
Applicable also to ISDN if ‘PlayBusyTone2ISDN = 2’. Selection of Busy or Reorder tone
is done according to release cause received from IP.
DisconnectOnBusyTone
0 = Do not disconnect call on detection of busy tone
[Disconnect Call on Detection 1 = Disconnect call on detection of busy tone (default).
of Busy Tone]
This parameter is applicable to CAS & ISDN protocols.
PlayBusyTone2ISDN
[Play Busy Tone to Tel]
This parameter enables the Mediant 2000 ISDN gateway to play a Busy or a Reorder
tone to the PSTN after a call is released.
0 = Immediately sends an ISDN Disconnect message (default).
1 = Sends an ISDN Disconnect message with PI=8 and plays a Busy or a Reorder tone
to the PSTN (depending on the release cause).
2 = Delays the sending of an ISDN Disconnect message for ‘TimeForReorderTone’
seconds and plays a Busy or a Reorder tone to the PSTN. Applicable only if the call is
released from the IP before it reaches the Connect state. Otherwise, the Disconnect
message is sent immediately and no tones are played.
TrunkTransferMode_X
0 = Not supported (default).
1 = Supports CAS NFA DMS-100 transfer.
When a SIP Refer message is received, the gateway performs a Blind Transfer by
executing a CAS Wink and dialing the Refer-to number to the Switch and then releasing
the call.
Note: A specific NFA CAS table is required.
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Table 6-4: ISDN and CAS Interworking-Related Parameters (continues on pages 111 to 114)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
CASTransportType
0 = Disable CAS relay (default).
[CAS Transport Type]
1 = Enable CAS relay mode using RFC 2833.
The CAS relay mode can be used with the TDM tunneling feature to enable tunneling
over IP for both voice and CAS signaling bearers.
XChannelHeader
0 = x-channel header is not used (default).
1 = x-channel header is generated, with trunk/B-channel information.
The header provides information on the E1/T1 physical trunk/B-channel on which the
call is received or placed. For example “x-channel: DS/DS1-5/22”. This header is
generated by the Mediant 2000 and is sent in the following messages: INVITE and
183/180/200OK responses.
This parameter enables to add an optional Information Element data (in hex format) to
ISDN SETUP message.
For example: to add the following IE: “0x20,0x02,0x00,0xe1”, define: “AddIEinSetup =
200200e1”.
AddIEinSetup
[Add IE in SETUP]
Note: This IE is sent from the Trunk Group IDs defined by the parameter ‘SendIEonTG’.
SendIEonTG
[Trunk Groups to Send IE]
A list of Trunk Group IDs (up to 50 characters) from where the optional ISDN IE,
defined by the parameter ‘AddIEinSetup’, is sent.
For example: "SendIEonTG = 1,2,4,10,12,6”.
ISDNDMSTimerT310
Overrides the T310 timer for the DMS-100 ISDN variant.
T310 defines the timeout between the reception of Proceeding message and the
reception of Alert / Connect message.
The valid range is 10 to 30. The default value is 10 (seconds).
Note: Applicable only to Nortel DMS and Nortel MERIDIAN PRI variants (ProtocolType
= 14 and 35).
ISDNJapanNTTTimerT3JA
T3_JA timer (in seconds).
This parameter overrides the internal PSTN T301 timeout on the Users Side (TE side).
If an outgoing call from the Mediant 2000 to ISDN is not answered during this timeout,
the call is released.
The valid range is 10 to 240. The default value is 50.
Applicable only to Japan NTT PRI variant (ProtocolType = 16).
Note: This timer is also affected by the parameter ‘PSTNAlertTimeout’.
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
6.10 Number Manipulation and Routing Parameters
Note:
Server *.
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
TrunkGroup_x
TrunkGroup_x = T/a-b,c,d
[Trunk Group Table]
x = Trunk group ID (1 to 99).
T = Physical trunk number (0 to 7).
a = Starting B-channel (from 1).
b = Ending B-channel (up to 31).
c = Phone number associated with the first channel (optional).
d = Optional Tel Profile ID (1 to 5).
For example:
TrunkGroup_1 = 0/1-31,1000 (for E1 span).
TrunkGroup_1 = 1/1-31,$$,1.
TrunkGroup_2 = 2/1-24,3000 (for T1 span).
Trunk group is the recommended method to configure the gateway's B-channels.
The parameter ’ChannelList’ (although still supported) mustn’t be used
simultaneously with Trunk Groups.
Note: An optional Tel Profile ID (1 to 5) can be applied to each group of B-channels.
ChannelList
List of phone numbers, used to define the enabled B-channels for gateway operation,
‘a, b, c,d’
Note: It is recommended to use a = first channel
TrunkGroup_x parameter
b = number of channels starting from ‘a’
instead.
c = the phone number of the first channel
d = Tel Profile ID assigned to the group of channels.
example: ChannelList = ‘0,30,1001’
Defines phone numbers 1001 to 1030 for 30 gateway channels.
The ini file can include up to ten ‘ChannelList = ‘ entries
Usually single ChannelList parameter is enough to define the complete 8 trunk
gateway:
ChannelList = ‘0,240,1000’; For eight E1 spans
ChannelList = ‘0,192,1000’; For eight T1 CAS spans
Phone numbers can be defined individually per E1 or T1 span:
For E1 spans (CAS or ISDN): 0 to 29 for first span, 30 to 59 for second span, 60 to
89 for 3rd span, 90 to 119 for 4th span.
For T1 ISDN spans: 0 to 22 for first span, 23 to 45 for second span, 46 to 68 for 3rd
span, and 69 to 91 for 4th span.
For T1 CAS signaling: 0 to 23 for first span, 24 to 47 for second span, 48 to 71 for 3rd
span, and 72 to 95 for 4th span.
It is suggested to use Trunk Groups in Mediant 2000 gateway to define enabled B-
channels, instead of ChannelList parameter.
DefaultNumber
[Default Destination Number]
Defines the telephone number that the gateway uses if the parameters
‘TrunkGroup_x’ or ’ChannelList‘ don’t include a phone number. The parameter is
used as a starting number for the list of B-channels comprising all trunk groups in the
gateway.
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Table 6-5: Number Manipulation and Routing Parameters (continues on pages 115 to 121)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
ChannelSelectMode
[Channel Select Mode]
Defines common rule of port allocation for IP to TEL calls.
•
•
0 = By phone number - Select the gateway port according to the called number
(refer to the note below).
1 = Cyclic Ascending - Select the next available channel in an ascending cycle
order. Always select the next higher channel number in the Trunk Group. When
the gateway reaches the highest channel number in the Trunk Group, it selects
the lowest channel number in the Trunk Group and then starts ascending again
(default).
•
•
2 = Ascending - Select the lowest available channel. Always start at the lowest
channel number in the Trunk Group and if that channel is not available, select
the next higher channel.
3 = Cyclic Descending - Select the next available channel in descending cycle
order. Always select the next lower channel number in the Trunk Group. When
the gateway reaches the lowest channel number in the Trunk Group, it selects
the highest channel number in the Trunk Group and then start descending
again.
•
•
4 = Descending - Select the highest available channel. Always start at the
highest channel number in the Trunk Group and if that channel is not available,
select the next lower channel.
5 = Number + Cyclic Ascending – First select the gateway port according to the
called number (refer to the note below). If the called number isn’t found, then
select the next available channel in ascending cyclic order. Note that if the
called number is found, but the port associated with this number is busy, the call
is released.
Note: The internal numbers of the gateway’s B-channels are defined by the
‘TrunkGroup_x’ parameter (under ‘Phone Number’).
TrunkGroupSettings
[Trunk Group Settings]
Defines rules for port allocation for specific Trunk Groups, if such rule doesn’t exist,
the global rule defined by ChannelSelectMode applies.
a, b
a = Trunk Group ID number
b = Channel select mode for that Trunk Group.
Available values are identical to those defined by the ChannelSelectMode parameter.
AddTrunkGroupAsPrefix
0 = not used
[Add Trunk Group ID as Prefix] 1 = For TelꢀIP incoming call, Trunk Group ID is added as prefix to destination phone
number. Applicable only if trunk group ID are configured.
Can be used to define various routing rules.
AddPortAsPrefix
0 = Don’t add (default)
[Add Trunk ID as Prefix]
1 = Add trunk ID number (single digit in the range 1 to 8) as a prefix to the called
phone number for TelꢀIP incoming calls.
This option can be used to define various routing rules.
ReplaceEmptyDstWithPortNu 0 = Disabled (default).
mber
1 = Enabled, Internal channel number is used as a destination number if called
[Replace Empty Destination
with Port Number]
number is missing.
Note: Applicable only to TelꢀIP calls, if called number is missing.
CopyDestOnEmptySource
0 = Leave Source Number empty (default).
1 = If the Source Number of an incoming Tel to IP call is empty, the Destination
Number is copied to the Source Number.
AddNPIandTON2CallingNum 0 = Do not change the Calling Number (default).
ber
1 = Add NPI and TON to the Calling Number of incoming (Tel to IP) ISDN call.
For example: After receiving a Calling Number = 555, NPI = 1 and TON = 3, the
modified number is going to be 13555. This number can later be used for
manipulation and routing purposes.
AddNPIandTON2CalledNumb 0 = Do not change the Called Number (default).
er
1 = Add NPI and TON to the Called Number of incoming (Tel to IP) ISDN call.
For example: After receiving a Called Number = 555, NPI=1 and TON = 3, the
modified number is going to be 13555. This number can later be used for
manipulation and routing purposes.
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-5: Number Manipulation and Routing Parameters (continues on pages 115 to 121)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
UseSourceNumberAsDisplay 0 = Interworks the Tel calling name to SIP Display Name (default).
Name
1 = Set Display Name to Calling Number if not configured.
[Use Source Number as
Display Name]
Applicable to TelꢀIP calls. If enabled and if the incoming Tel to IP call doesn’t
contain the calling party name, the calling number is used instead.
All CAS protocols don’t provide the calling party name. Therefore, in CAS, if this
parameter is enabled, the Display Name is identical to the calling number.
AlwaysUseRouteTable
[Use Routing Table for Host
Names and Profiles]
Use the internal Tel to IP routing table to obtain the URL Host name and (optionally)
an IP profile (per call), even if Proxy server is used.
0 = Don’t use (default)
1 = Use
Note: This Domain name is used, instead of Proxy name or Proxy IP address, in the
INVITE SIP URL.
Prefix
Mapping phone number to IP address, using phone number prefix
[Tel to IP Routing Table]
Selection of IP address (for Tel To IP calls) is according to destination and source
prefixes.
Prefix = <Destination Phone Prefix>, <IP Address>,<Src Phone Prefix>,<IP Profile
ID>
For example:
Prefix = 20,10.2.10.2,202,1
Prefix = 10[340-451]xxx#,10.2.10.6,*,1
Prefix = *,gateway.domain.com,*
Note 1: An optional IP ProfileID (1 to 5) can be applied to each routing rule.
Note 2: <destination / source phone prefix> can be single number or a range of
numbers.
Note 3: This parameter can appear up to 50 times.
Note 4: Parameters can be skipped by using the sign "$$", for example:
Prefix = $$,10.2.10.2,202,1
PSTNPrefix
PSTNPrefix = a,b,c,d,e
[IP to Trunk Group Routing
Table]
a = Destination Number Prefix
b = Trunk group ID (1 to 99)
c = Source Number Prefix
d = Source IP address (obtained from the Contact header in the Invite message)
e = IP Profile ID (1 to 5)
Selection of trunk groups (for IP to Tel calls) is according to destination number,
source number and source IP address.
Note 1: To support the ‘in call alternative routing’ feature, Users can use two entries
that support the same call, but assigned it with a different trunk groups. The second
entree functions as an alternative selection if the first rule fails as a result of one of
the release reasons listed in the AltRouteCauseIP2Tel table.
Note 2: An optional IP ProfileID (1 to 5) can be applied to each routing rule.
Note 3: The Source IP Address can include the “x” wildcard to represent single
digits. For example: 10.8.8.xx represents all IP addresses between 10.8.8.10 to
10.8.8.99.
RemovePrefix
0 = Don't remove prefix (default)
[IP to Tel Remove Routing
Table Prefix]
1 = Remove PSTN prefix (defined in the routing table) from a telephone number of
an incoming IP call, before forwarding it to PSTN,
Applicable only if number manipulation is performed after call routing for IPꢀTel calls
(RouteModeIP2Tel = 0).
RouteModeIP2Tel
[IP to Tel routing Mode]
0 = Route calls before number manipulation (default)
1 = Route calls after number manipulation
Defines order between routing calls to Trunk group and manipulation of destination
number
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Table 6-5: Number Manipulation and Routing Parameters (continues on pages 115 to 121)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
RouteModeTel2IP
[Tel to IP routing Mode]
0 = Route calls before number manipulation (default)
1 = Route calls after number manipulation
Defines order between routing incoming calls to IP, using routing table, and
manipulation of destination number
Not applicable if Outbound Proxy is used.
SwapRedirectNumber
[Swap Redirect and Called
Numbers]
0 = Don't change numbers (default)
1 = Incoming ISDN call that includes redirect number (sometimes referred as
"original called number") uses this number instead of the called number.
AddTON2RPI
0 = TON/PLAN parameters aren’t included in the RPID header.
[Add Number Plan and Type to 1 = TON/PLAN parameters are included in the RPID header (default).
Remote Party ID Header]
If RPID header is enabled (EnableRPIHeader = 1) and ‘AddTON2RPI=1’, it is
possible to configure the calling and called number type and number plan using the
Number Manipulation tables for TelꢀIP calls.
NumberMapTel2IP
[Destination Phone Number
Manipulation Table for TelꢀIP
calls]
Manipulates the destination number for Tel to IP calls.
NumberMapTel2IP = a,b,c,d,e,f,g
a
b
= Destination number prefix
= Number of stripped digits from the left, or (if brackets are used) from the
right. A combination of both options is allowed.
= String to add as prefix, or (if brackets are used) as suffix. A combination of
both options is allowed.
c
d
e
f
= Number of remaining digits from the right
= Number Plan used in RPID header
= Number Type used in RPID header
= Source number prefix
g
The ‘b’ to ‘f’ manipulations rules are applied if the called and calling numbers match
the ‘a’ and ‘g’ conditions.
The manipulation rules are executed in the following order: ‘b’, ‘d’ and ‘c’.
Parameters can be skipped by using the sign "$$", for example:
NumberMapTel2IP=01,2,972,$$,0,0,$$
NumberMapTel2IP=03,(2),667,$$,0,0,22
NumberMapIP2Tel
[Destination Phone Number
Manipulation Table for IPꢀTel
calls]
Manipulate the destination number for IP to Tel calls.
NumberMapIP2Tel = a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i
a
b
= Destination number prefix
= Number of stripped digits from the left, or (if brackets are used) from the
right. A combination of both options is allowed.
= String to add as prefix, or (if brackets are used) as suffix. A combination of
both options is allowed.
c
d
e
f
= Number of remaining digits from the right
= Q.931 Number Plan
= Q.931 Number Type
g
h
i
= Source number prefix
= Not applicable, set to $$
= Source IP address (obtained from the Contact header in the Invite
message)
The ‘b’ to ‘f’ manipulation rules are applied if the called and calling numbers match
the ‘a’, ‘g’ and ‘i’ conditions.
The manipulation rules are executed in the following order: ‘b’, ‘d’ and ‘c’.
Parameters can be skipped by using the sign "$$", for example:
NumberMapIP2Tel =01,2,972,$$,0,$$,034
NumberMapIP2Tel =03,(2),667,$$,$$,0,22,$$,10.13.77.8
Note: The Source IP address can include the “x” wildcard to represent single digits.
For example: 10.8.8.xx represents all the addresses between 10.8.8.10 to 10.8.8.99.
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-5: Number Manipulation and Routing Parameters (continues on pages 115 to 121)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
SourceNumberMapTel2IP
[Source Phone Number
Manipulation Table for TelꢀIP
calls]
SourceNumberMapTel2IP = a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h
a
b
= Source number prefix
= Number of stripped digits from the left, or (if in brackets are used) from
right. A combination of both options is allowed.
= String to add as prefix, or (if in brackets are used) as suffix. A combination
of both options is allowed.
c
d
e
f
= Number of remaining digits from the right
= Number Plan used in RPID header
= Number Type used in RPID header
g
h
=Destination number prefix
=Calling number presentation (0 to allow presentation, 1 to restrict
presentation)
The ‘b’ to ‘f’ and ‘h’ manipulation rules are applied if the called and calling numbers
match the ‘a’ and ‘g’ conditions.
The manipulation rules are executed in the following order: ‘b’, ‘d’ and ‘c’.
Parameters can be skipped by using the sign "$$", for example:
SourceNumberMapTel2IP=01,2,972,$$,0,0,$$,1
SourceNumberMapTel2IP=03,(2),667,$$,0,0,22,0
SourceNumberMapIP2Tel
[Source Phone Number
Manipulation Table for IPꢀTel
calls]
Manipulate the source number for IP to Tel calls.
SourceNumberMapIP2Tel = a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h
a
b
= Source number prefix
= Number of stripped digits from the left, or (if brackets are used) from the
right. A combination of both options is allowed.
= String to add as prefix, or (if brackets are used) as suffix. A combination of
both options is allowed.
c
d
e
f
= Number of remaining digits from the right
= Q.931 Number Plan
= Q.931 Number Type
g
h
= Destination number prefix
=Calling number presentation (0 to allow presentation, 1 to restrict
presentation)
The ‘b’ to ‘f’ and ‘h’ manipulation rules are applied if the called and calling numbers
match the ‘a’ and ‘g’ conditions.
The manipulation rules are executed in the following order: ‘b’, ‘d’ and ‘c’.
Parameters can be skipped by using the sign "$$", for example:
SourceNumberMapIP2Tel =01,2,972,$$,0,$$,034,1
SourceNumberMapIP2Tel =03,(2),667,$$,$$,0,22
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Table 6-5: Number Manipulation and Routing Parameters (continues on pages 115 to 121)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
For ETSI ISDN variant, the following Number Plan and Type combinations (Plan/Type) are supported in the Destination
and Source Manipulation tables:
0,0 = Unknown, Unknown
9,0 = Private, Unknown
9,1 = Private, Level 2 Regional
9,2 = Private, Level 1 Regional
9,3 = Private, PISN Specific
9,4 = Private, Level 0 Regional (local)
1,0 = Public(ISDN/E.164), Unknown
1,1 = Public(ISDN/E.164), International
1,2 = Public(ISDN/E.164), National
1,3 = Public(ISDN/E.164), Network Specific
1,4 = Public(ISDN/E.164), Subscriber
1,6 = Public(ISDN/E.164), Abbreviated
For NI-2 and DMS-100 ISDN variants the valid combinations of TON and NPI for calling and called numbers are
(Plan/Type):
0/0 - Unknown/Unknown
1/1 - International number in ISDN/Telephony numbering plan
1/2 - National number in ISDN/Telephony numbering plan
1/4 - Subscriber (local) number in ISDN/Telephony numbering plan
9/4 - Subscriber (local) number in Private numbering plan
SecureCallsFromIP
0 = Gateway accepts all SIP calls (default).
[IP Security]
1 = Gateway accepts SIP calls only from IP addresses defined in the Tel to IP routing
table. The gateway rejects all calls from unknown IP addresses.
Note: Specifying the IP address of a Proxy server in the Tel to IP Routing table
enables the gateway to only accept calls originating in the Proxy server and rejects
all other calls.
AltRouteCauseTel2IP
[Reasons for Alternative
Routing Table]
Table of call failure reason values received from the IP side. If a call is released as a
result of one of these reasons, the gateway tries to find an alternative route to that
call in the ‘Tel to IP Routing’ table.
For example:
AltRouteCauseTel2IP = 486
AltRouteCauseTel2IP = 480 (Temporarily unavailable).
AltRouteCauseTel2IP = 408 (No response).
(Busy here).
Note 1: The 408 reason can be used to specify that there was no response from the
remote party to the INVITE request.
Note 2: This parameter can appear up to 5 times.
AltRouteCauseIP2Tel
[Reasons for Alternative
Routing Table]
Table of call failure reason values received from the pstn side (in Q.931
presentation). If a call is released as a result of one of these reasons, the gateway
tries to find an alternative trunk group to that call in the ‘IP to Trunk Group Routing’
table.
For example:
AltRouteCauseIP2Tel = 3
AltRouteCauseIP2Tel = 1
AltRouteCauseIP2Tel = 17
(No route to destination).
(Unallocated number).
(Busy here).
Note 1: This parameter can appear up to 5 times.
Note 2: If the Mediant 2000 fails to establish a cal to the PSTN because it has no
available channels in a specific trunk group (e.g., all of the trunk group’s channels
are occupied, or the trunk group’s spans are disconnected or out of sync), it uses the
internal release cause ‘3’ (no route to destination). This cause can be used in the
‘AltRouteCauseIP2Tel’ table to define routing to an alternative trunk group.
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-5: Number Manipulation and Routing Parameters (continues on pages 115 to 121)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
FilterCalls2IP
[Filter Calls To IP]
0 = Disabled (default)
1 = Enabled
If the filter calls to IP feature is enabled, then when a Proxy is used, the gateway first
checks the TelꢀIP routing table before making a call through the Proxy. If the
number is not allowed (number isn’t listed or a Call Restriction routing rule,
IP=0.0.0.0, is applied), the call is released.
Alternative Routing Parameters
AltRoutingTel2IPEnable
[Enable Alt Routing Tel to IP]
Operation modes of the Alternative Routing mechanism:
0 = Disabled (default).
1 = Enabled.
2 = Enabled for status only, not for routing decisions.
AltRoutingTel2IPMode
[Alt Routing Tel to IP Mode]
0 (None) = Alternative routing is not used.
1 (Conn) = Alternative routing is performed if ping to initial destination failed.
2 (QoS) = Alternative routing is performed if poor quality of service was detected.
3 (All) = Alternative routing is performed if, either ping to initial destination failed, or
poor quality of service was detected, or DNS host name is not resolved (default).
Note: QoS is quantified according to delay and packet loss, calculated according to
previous calls. Qos statistics are reset if no new data is received for two minutes.
IPConnQoSMaxAllowedPL
[Max Allowed Packet Loss for
Alt Routing]
Packet loss percentage at which the IP connection is considered a failure.
The range is 1% to 20%. The default value is 20%.
IPConnQoSMaxAllowedDelay
[Max Allowed Delay for Alt
Routing]
Transmission delay (in msec) at which the IP connection is considered a failure.
The range is 100 to 1000. The default value is 250 msec.
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6.11 E1/T1 Configuration Parameters
Note:
Server *.
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
PCMLawSelect
1 = A-law
[PCM Law Select]
3 = µ-Law
Usually A-Law is used for E1 spans and µ-Law for T1 and J1 spans.
FramingMethod
[Framing Method]
Selects the framing method to be used for E1/T1 spans.
For E1
0 = Multiframe with CRC4 (default, automatic mode, if CRC is identified in the Rx,
CRC is sent in Tx, otherwise no CRC).
a = Double frame
c = Multiframe with CRC4
For T1
0 or D = Extended super frame with CRC6 (default)
1 or B = Super frame D4, F12 (12-Frame multiframe)
A = F4 (4-Frame multiframe)
C = Extended super frame without CRC6
F = J1 - Japan (ESF with CRC6 and JT)
FramingMethod_x
[Framing Method]
Same as the description for parameter ‘FramingMethod’ for a specific trunk ID (x = 0
to 7).
ProtocolType
Sets the PSTN protocol to be used for this trunk.
[Protocol Type]
E1_EURO_ISDN
T1_CAS
T1_RAW_CAS
T1_TRANSPARENT
= 1,
= 2,
= 3,
= 4,
E1_TRANSPARENT_31 = 5,
E1_TRANSPARENT_30 = 6,
E1_MFCR2
= 7,
E1_CAS_R2
= 8,
E1_RAW_CAS
T1_NI2_ISDN
= 9,
= 10,
= 11,
= 12,
= 13,
= 14,
= 15
= 16
= 17
= 18
= 19
= 20
= 21
= 23
= 35
T1_4ESS_ISDN
T1_5ESS_9_ISDN
T1_5ESS_10_ISDN
T1_DMS100_ISDN
J1_TRANSPARENT
T1_NTT_ISDN
E1_AUSTEL_ISDN
T1_HKT_ISDN
E1_KOR_ISDN
T1_HKT_ISDN
E1_QSIG
/* Japan - Nippon Telegraph
/* Australian Telecom
/* Hong Kong - HKT
/* Korean operator
/* Hong Kong - HKT over T1
/*Basic call only
T1_QSIG
T1_DMS100_Meridian
/*Basic call only
Note: The Mediant 2000 simultaneously supports different variants of CAS and PRI
protocols on different E1/T1 spans (no more than four simultaneous PRI variants).
ProtocolType_x
[Protocol Type]
Same as the description for parameter ‘ProtocolType’ for a specific trunk ID (x = 0 to
7).
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-6: E1/T1/J1 Configuration Parameters (continues on pages 122 to 127)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
TerminationSide
[ISDN Termination Side]
Selects the ISDN termination side. Applicable only to ISDN protocols.
0 = ISDN User Termination Side (TE) (default)
1 = ISDN Network Termination Side (NT)
Note: select ‘User Side’ when the PSTN or PBX side is configured as ‘Network side’,
and vice-versa. If you don’t know the Mediant 2000 ISDN termination side, choose
‘User Side’ and refer to the ‘Status & Diagnostics>Channel Status’ screen. If the D-
channel alarm is indicated, choose ‘Network Side’.
TerminationSide_x
[ISDN Termination Side]
Same as the description for parameter ‘TerminationSide’ for a specific trunk ID (x = 0
to 7).
ClockMaster
[Clock Master]
0 = Recover clock from the E1/T1 line (default)
1 = The clock is generated by the gateway
gateway’s clock settings.
ClockMaster_x
[Clock Master]
Same as the description for parameter ‘ClockMaster’ for a specific trunk ID (x = 0 to
7).
TDMBusClockSource
[TDM Bus Clock Source]
1 = Generate clock from local source (default).
4 = Recover clock from PSTN line.
gateway’s clock settings.
TDMBusPSTNAutoClockEna 0 = Recover the clock from first E1/T1 line (default)
ble
1 = Recover the clock from any connected slave E1/T1 line
This parameter is relevant only if "TDMBusClockSource = 4"
[TDM Bus PSTN Auto Clock]
0 to 7 (default = 0)
TDMBusLocalReference
Physical Trunk ID from which the gateway recovers its clock. Applicable only if
"TDMBusClockSource = 4" and "PSTNAutoClockEnable = 0"
[TDM Bus Local Reference]
LineCode
[Line Code]
0 = use B8ZS line code (for T1 trunks only) default.
1 = use AMI line code.
2 = use HDB3 line code (for E1 trunks only).
Use to select B8ZS or AMI for T1 spans, and HDB3 or AMI for E1 spans.
LineCode_x
Same as the description for parameter ‘LineCode’ for a specific trunk ID (x = 0 to 7).
[Line Code]
BchannelNegotiation
[B-channel Negotiation]
Determines the ISDN B-Channel negotiation mode.
0 = Preferred
1 = Exclusive (default)
Applicable to ISDN protocols.
NFASGroupNumber_x
0 = Non NFAS trunk (default)
[NFAS Group Number]
1 to 4 = NFAS group number
Indicates the NFAS group number (NFAS member) for the selected trunk.
"x" identifies the Trunk ID (0-7).
Trunks that belong to the same NFAS group have the same number.
With ISDN Non-Facility Associated Signaling you can use single D-channel to control
multiple PRI interfaces.
Applicable only to T1 ISDN protocols.
DchConfig_x
0 = Primary Trunk (default)
[D-channel Configuration]
1 = Backup Trunk
2 = NFAS Trunk
D-channel configuration parameter defines primary, backup (optional) and B-
channels only trunks.
"x" identifies the Trunk ID (0-7).
Primary trunk contains D-channel that is used for signaling.
Backup trunk contains backup D-channel that is used if the primary D-channel fails.
The other NFAS trunks contain only 24 B-channels, without a signaling D-channel.
Applicable only to T1 ISDN protocols.
Backup trunk is not supported for DMS PRI variants.
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Table 6-6: E1/T1/J1 Configuration Parameters (continues on pages 122 to 127)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
ISDNNFASInterfaceID_x
Defines a different Interface ID for each T1 trunk.
[NFAS Interface ID]
The valid range is 0 to 100.
The default interface ID equals to the trunk’s ID (0 to 7).
’x’ identifies the trunk ID (0-7)
Note: To set the NFAS interface ID, configure: ISDNIBehavior_x to include ‘512’
feature, per each T1 trunk.
CASTableIndex_x
[CAS Table]
Defines CAS protocol for each Trunk ID (x = 0 to 7) from a list of protocols defined by
the "CASFileName_Y" parameter.
For example:
CASFileName_0 = 'E_M_WinkTable.dat'
CASFileName_1 = 'E_M_ImmediateTable.dat'
CASTableIndex_0 = 0
CASTableIndex_1 = 0
CASTableIndex_2 = 1
CASTableIndex_3 = 1
Trunks 0 and 1 use the E&M Winkstart CAS protocol, while trunks 2 and 3 use the
E&M Immediate Start CAS protocol.
CASFileName_0
CASFileName_1
CAS file name (such as "E_M_WinkTable.dat") defines the CAS protocol. It is
possible to define up to 8 different CAS files by repeating the “CASFileName”
parameter. Each CAS file can be associated with one or more of the gateway trunks
using "CASTableIndex_x" parameter.
CASFileName_7
CASTablesNum
1 to 8. Indicates how many CAS protocol configurations files are loaded.
IdleABCDPattern
Range 0x0 to 0xF
[Idle ABCD Pattern]
Default = -1 (default pattern = 0000)
ABCD (CAS) Pattern to be applied to CAS signaling bus when the channel is idle.
This is only relevant when using PSTN interface with CAS protocols. Set to -1 for
default.
IdlePCMPattern
Range 0x00 to 0xFF
[Idle PCM Pattern]
Default = -1 (default pattern = 0xFF for µ-Law, 0x55 for A-law
PCM Pattern to be applied to E1/T1 timeslot (B-channel) when the channel is idle.
LineBuildOut.Loss
0 = 0 dB (default)
[Line Build Out Loss]
1 = -7.5 dB
2 = -15 dB
3 = -22.5 dB
Selects the line build out loss to be used for T1 trunks
N/A for E1 trunks.
0 = Disabled (default).
1 = Enabled.
ISDNRxOverlap
Any number bigger than one = Number of digits to receive.
Note 1: If enabled the Mediant 2000 receives ISDN called number that is sent in the
"Overlap" mode.
Note 2: The INVITE to IP is sent only after the number (including “Sending
Complete” Info Element) was fully received (in SETUP and/or subsequent INFO
Q.931 messages).
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-6: E1/T1/J1 Configuration Parameters (continues on pages 122 to 127)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
ISDNRxOverlap_x
[Enable Receiving of Overlap
Dialing]
Enable / disable Rx ISDN overlap per trunk ID (x = 0 to 7).
0 = Disabled (default).
1 = Enabled.
Note 1: If enabled, the Mediant 2000 receives ISDN called number that is sent in the
"Overlap" mode.
Note 2: The SETUP message to IP is sent only after the number (including the
‘Sending Complete’ Info Element) was fully received (via SETUP and/or subsequent
INFO Q.931 messages).
Note3: The ‘MaxDigits’ parameter can be used to limit the length of the collected
number for Mediant 2000 ISDN overlap dialing (if sending complete was not
received).
TimeBetweenDigits
Defines the time (in seconds) that the gateway waits between digits that are received
[Inter Digit Timeout for Overlap from the ISDN when TelꢀIP overlap dialing is performed. When this inter-digit
Dial]
timeout expires, the gateway uses the collected digits for the called destination
number.
The range is 1 to 10 seconds. The default value is 4 seconds.
Defines the maximum number of collected destination number digits received from
the ISDN when TelꢀIP overlap dialing is performed. When the number of collected
digits reaches the maximum, the gateway uses these digits for the called destination
number.
MaxDigits
[Max Digits In Phone Num
for Overlap Dialing]
The range is 1 to 49. The default value is 30.
DialToneDuration
Duration (in seconds) of the dial tone played to an ISDN terminal.
Applicable to overlap dialing when ‘ISDNInCallsBehavior = 65536’. The dial tone is
played if the ISDN Setup message doesn’t include the called number.
The valid range is 0 to 60. The default time is 5 seconds.
R2Category
[MFC R2 Category]
MFC R2 Calling Party Category (CPC). The parameter provides information on
calling party such as National or International call, Operator or Subscriber and
Subscriber priority. The parameter range is 1 to 15, defining one of the MFC R2
tones.
RegretTime
Determines the time period (in seconds) the gateway waits for an MFC R2 Resume
(Reanswer) signal once a Suspend (Clear back) signal was received from the PBX. If
this timer expires, the call is released.
The valid range is 0 to 255. The default value is 0.
Applicable only for MFC R2 CAS Brazil variant.
HeldTimeout
Determines the time period the gateway can stay on-hold. If a Resume (un-hold Re-
Invite) message is received before the timer expires, the call is renewed. If this timer
expires, the call is released.
-1
= Indefinitely (default).
0 - 2400 =Time to wait in seconds.
Currently applicable only to MFC R2 CAS variants.
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Table 6-6: E1/T1/J1 Configuration Parameters (continues on pages 122 to 127)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
ISDN Flexible Behavior Parameters
ISDN protocol is implemented in different Switches / PBXs by different vendors. Several implementations vary a little
from the specification. Therefore, to provide a flexible interface that supports these ISDN variants, the ISDN behavior
parameters are used.
ISDNInCallsBehavior
2048
= Sends Channel ID in the first response to an incoming Q.931 Call Setup
message. Otherwise, the Channel ID is sent only if the gateway requires to change
the proposed Channel ID (default).
[Incoming Calls Behavior]
8192
= Sends Channel ID in a Q.931 Call Proceeding message.
65536 = Includes Progress Indicator (PI=8) in Setup ACK message, if an empty
called number is received in an incoming Setup message. Applicable to overlap
dialing mode. The parameter also directs the gateway to play a dial tone (for
‘DialToneDuration’), until the next called number digits are received.
262144 = NI-2 second redirect number – Users can select and use (in Invite
messages) the NI-2 second redirect number, if two redirect numbers are received in
Q.931 Setup for incoming TelꢀIP calls.
Note: To configure the gateway to support several ‘ISDNInCallsBehavior’ features,
summarize the individual feature values. For example to support both ‘2048’ and
‘65536’ features, set ‘ISDNInCallsBehavior = 67584.
ISDNIBehavior
[Q.931 Layer Response
Behavior]
1 = Q.931 Status message isn’t sent if Q.931 received message contains an
unknown/unrecognized IE(s). By default the Status message is sent. This parameter
applies only to PRI variants in which sending of Status message is optional.
2 = Q.931 Status message isn’t sent if an optional IE with invalid content is received.
By default the Status message is sent. This parameter applies only to PRI variants in
which sending of Status message is optional.
4 = Accepts unknown/unrecognized Facility IE. Otherwise, (default) the Q.931
message that contains the unknown Facility IE is rejected. This parameter applies to
PRI variants where a complete ASN1 decoding is performed on Facility IE.
128 = Connect ACK message is sent in response to received Q.931 Connect.
Applicable only to Euro ISDN User side outgoing calls. Otherwise, the Connect ACK
is not sent (default).
512 = Enables to configure T1 NFAS Interface ID (refer to the parameter
‘ISDNNFASInterfaceID_x’). Applicable to 4/5ESS, DMS, NI-2 and HKT variants.
2048 = Always set the Channel Identification IE to explicit Interface ID, even if the B-
channel is on the same trunk as the D-channel. Applicable to 4/5ESS, DMS and NI-2
variants.
65536 = Applicable to ETSI, NI-2 and 5ESS. The calling party number (octet 3a) is
always present even when presentation and screening are at their default.
131072 = Clears the call on reception of Q.931 Status with incompatible state.
Otherwise, (default) no action is taken.
Note: To configure the gateway to support several ‘ISDNIBehavior’ features,
summarize the individual feature values. For example to support both ‘512’ and
‘2048’ features, set ‘ISDNIBehavior = 2560’.
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-6: E1/T1/J1 Configuration Parameters (continues on pages 122 to 127)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
ISDNGeneralCCBehavior
16 = The gateway clears down the call if it receives a Notify message specifying
[General Call Control Behavior] ‘User-Suspended’. A Notify (User-Suspended) message is used by some networks
(e.g., in Italy or Denmark) to indicate that the remote user has cleared the call,
especially in the case of a long distance voice call.
32 = Applies only to ETSI E1 lines (30B+D). Enables handling the differences
between the newer QSIG standard (ETS 300-172) and other ETSI-based standards
(ETS 300-102 and ETS 300-403) in the conversion of B-channel ID values into
timeslot values:
•
In ‘regular ETSI’ standards, the timeslot is identical to the B-channel ID value,
and the range for both is 1 to 15 and 17 to 31. The D-channel is identified as
channel-id #16 and carried into the timeslot #16.
•
In newer QSIG standards, the channel-id range is 1 to 30, but the timeslot range
is still 1 to 15 and 17 to 31. The D-channel is not identified as channel-id #16,
but is still carried into the timeslot #16.
When this bit is set, the channel ID #16 is considered as a valid B-channel ID, but
timeslot values are converted to reflect the range 1 to 15 and 17 to 31. This is the
new QSIG mode of operation. When this bit is not set (default), the channel_id #16 is
not allowed, as for all ETSI-like standards.
ISDNOutCallsBehavior
[Outgoing Calls Behavior]
1024 = Numbering plan / type for T1 IPꢀTel calling number are defined according to
the manipulation tables or according to RPID header (default). Otherwise, the Plan /
type for T1 calls are set according to the length of the calling number
ISDNIBehavior_x
[Q.931 Layer Response
Behavior]
Same as the description for parameter ‘ISDNBehavior’ for a specific trunk ID (x = 0 to
7)
ISDNInCallsBehavior_x
[Incoming Calls Behavior]
Same as the description for parameter ‘ISDNInCallsBehavior’ for a specific trunk ID
(x = 0 to 7)
ISDNOutCallsBehavior_x
[Outgoing Calls Behavior]
Same as the description for parameter ‘ISDNOutCallsBehavior’ for a specific trunk ID
(x = 0 to 7)
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6.12 Channel Parameters
The Channel Parameters define the DTMF, fax and modem transfer modes. Refer to Appendix D
Note that the Default Channel Parameters are applied to all Mediant 2000 channels.
Note:
Server *.
ini File Field Name
Web Parameter Name*
Valid Range and Description
0 to 150 msec (default = 70)
DJBufMinDelay
[Dynamic Jitter Buffer Minimum
Delay]
Dynamic Jitter Buffer Minimum Delay.
132.
DJBufOptFactor
[Dynamic Jitter Buffer Optimization
Factor]
Dynamic Jitter Buffer frame error / delay optimization factor.
You can enter a value from 0 to 13.
The default factor is 7.
Note 1: Set to 13 for data (fax & modem) calls.
132.
FaxTransportMode
Fax transport mode that the gateway uses.
[Fax Transport Mode]
You can select:
0 = Disable.
1 = T.38 Relay (default).
2 = Bypass.
Note: If parameter IsFaxUsed = 1, then FaxTransportMode is always set to 1
(T.38 relay).
FaxRelayEnhancedRedundancyDe
pth
0 to 4 (default = 0)
[Fax Relay Enhanced Redundancy
Depth]
Number of repetitions applied to control packets when using T.38 standard.
FaxRelayRedundancyDepth
[Fax Relay Redundancy Depth]
Number of times that each fax relay payload is retransmitted to the network.
You can enter a value from 0 to 2.
The default value is 0.
FaxRelayMaxRate
Limits the maximum rate at which fax messages are transmitted.
[Fax Relay Max Rate (bps)]
0 = 2.4 kbps
1 = 4.8 kbps
2 = 7.2 kbps
3 = 9.6 kbps
4 = 12.0 kbps
5 = 14.4 kbps (default).
FaxRelayECMEnable
[Fax Relay ECM Enable]
0 = Disable using ECM (Error Correction Mode) mode during fax relay.
1 = Enable using ECM mode during fax relay (default).
FaxModemBypassCoderType
Coder the gateway uses when performing fax/modem bypass. Usually, high-bit-
[Fax/Modem Bypass Coder Type]
rate coders such as G.711 should be used.
You can select:
0 = G711 A-law 64 (default).
1 = G711 µ-law.
4 = G726 32.
11 = G726_40.
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-7: Channel Parameters (continues on pages 128 to 131)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
CNGDetectorMode
[CNG Detector Mode]
0 = Disable (default).
1 = Event Only (N/A).
2 = Relay. T.38 fax relay session is initiated by the originating fax if ‘IsFaxUsed =
1’. Note that using this mode isn’t recommended.
FaxModemBypassM
Number of (20 msec) coder payloads that are used to generate a fax/modem
[Fax/Modem Bypass Packing Factor] bypass packet.
You can enter a value of 1, 2 or 3 coder payloads.
The default value is 1 coder payload.
FaxBypassPayloadType
[Fax Bypass Payload Type]
Determines the fax bypass RTP dynamic payload type.
The valid range is 96 to 120. The default value is 102.
ModemBypassPayloadType
Modem Bypass dynamic payload type (range 0-127).
The default value is 103.
DetFaxOnAnswerTone
[Detect Fax on Answer Tone]
0 = Starts T.38 procedure on detection of V.21 preamble (default).
1 = Starts T.38 Procedure on detection of CED fax answering tone.
FaxModemBypassBasicRTPPacket 0 = set internally (default)
Interval
1 = 5 msec (not recommended)
2 = 10 msec
3 = 20 msec
FaxModemBypassDJBufMinDelay 0 to 150 msec (default=40)
Determines the Jitter Buffer delay during fax and modem bypass session
NSEMode
Cisco compatible fax and modem bypass mode
0 = NSE disabled (default)
1 = NSE enabled
Note 1: This feature can be used only if VxxModemTransportType=2 (Bypass)
Note 2: If NSE mode is enabled the SDP contains the following line:
“a=rtpmap:100 X-NSE/8000”
Note 3: To use this feature:
•
•
•
The Cisco gateway must include the following definition: "modem
passthrough nse payload-type 100 codec g711alaw".
Set the Modem transport type to Bypass mode (‘VxxModemTransportType
= 2’) for all modems.
Configure the gateway parameter NSEPayloadType= 100
In NSE bypass mode the gateway starts using G.711 A-Law (default) or G.711µ-
Law, according to the parameter ‘FaxModemBypassCoderType’. The payload
type used with these G.711 coders is a standard one (8 for G.711 A-Law and 0
for G.711 µ-Law). The parameters defining payload type for the “old”
AudioCodes’ Bypass mode. ‘FaxBypassPayloadType’ and
‘ModemBypassPayloadType’ are not used with NSE Bypass. The bypass packet
interval is selected according to the parameter
‘FaxModemBypassBasicRtpPacketInterval’.
NSEPayloadType
NSE payload type for Cisco Bypass compatible mode.
The valid range is 96-127. The default value is 105.
Note: Cisco gateways usually use NSE payload type of 100.
V22ModemTransportType
[V.22 Modem Transport Type]
V.22 Modem Transport Type that the gateway uses.
You can select:
0 = Transparent
2 = Modem Bypass (default).
V23ModemTransportType
[V.23 Modem Transport Type]
V.23 Modem Transport Type that the gateway uses.
You can select:
0 = Transparent
2 = Modem Bypass (default).
V32ModemTransportType
[V.32 Modem Transport Type]
V.32 Modem Transport Type that the gateway uses.
You can select:
0 = Transparent
2 = Modem Bypass (default).
Note: This option applies to V.32 and V.32bis modems.
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Table 6-7: Channel Parameters (continues on pages 128 to 131)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
V34ModemTransportType
[V.34 Modem Transport Type]
V.34 Modem Transport Type that the gateway uses.
You can select:
0 = Transparent
2 = Modem Bypass (default).
Note: This option applies to V.34 and V.90 modems.
InputGain
[Input Gain]
PCM input gain control in dB. This parameter sets the level for the received
(PSTNꢀIP) signal.
You can enter a value from -32 to 31 dB.
The default value is 0 dB.
Note: This parameter is intended for advanced users. Changing it affects other
gateway functionalities.
VoiceVolume
[Voice Volume]
Voice gain control in dB. This parameter sets the level for the transmitted
(IPꢀPSTN) signal.
You can enter a value from -32 to 31 dB.
The default value is 0 dB.
RTPRedundancyDepth
[RTP Redundancy Depth]
0 = Disable redundancy packets generation (default)
1 = Enable generation of RFC 2198 redundancy packets.
RFC2198PayloadType
RTP redundancy packet payload type, according to RFC 2198.
The range is 96-127. The default is 104.
Applicable if “RTPRedundancyDepth=1”
EnableSilenceCompression
0 = Silence Suppression disabled (default).
[Silence Suppression]
1 = Silence Suppression enabled.
2 [Enable without adaptation] = A single silence packet is sent during silence
period (applicable only to G.729).
The parameter SCE is used to
maintain backward compatibility.
Silence Suppression is a method conserving bandwidth on VoIP calls by not
sending packets when silence is detected.
Note: If the selected coder is G.729, the following rules determine the value of
the “annexb” parameter of the fmtp attribute in the SDP.
EnableSilenceCompression = 0 ꢀ “annexb=no”.
EnableSilenceCompression = 1 ꢀ “annexb=yes”.
EnableSilenceCompression = 2 and IsCiscoSCEMode = 0 ꢀ “annexb=yes”.
EnableSilenceCompression = 2 and IsCiscoSCEMode = 1 ꢀ “annexb=no”.
IsCiscoSCEMode
0 = There isn’t a Cisco gateway at the remote side (default).
1 = There is a Cisco gateway at the remote side.
When there is a Cisco gateway at the remote side, the local gateway must set
the value of the “annexb” parameter of the fmtp attribute in the SDP to “no”. This
logic should be used if ‘EnableSilenceCompression = 2’ (enable without
adaptation). In this case, Silence Suppression should be used on the channel but
not declared in the SDP.
EnableEchoCanceller
0 = Echo Canceler disabled.
[Echo Canceler]
1 = Echo Canceler Enabled (default).
The parameter ECE is used to
Note: Refer also to the parameters ‘MaxEchoCancellerLength’ and
maintain backward compatibility.
EnableStandardSIDPayloadType
0 = Disable (default).
[Enable RFC 3389 CN Payload Type] 1 = Enable.
If enabled, the SID (comfort noise) packets are sent with the RTP SID payload
type according to RFC 3389. Applicable to G.711 and G.726 coders.
If disabled, the G.711 SID packets are sent in a proprietary method.
DTMFVolume
[DTMF Volume]
-31 to 0 corresponding to -31 dBm to 0 dBm in 1 dB steps (default = -11 dBm)
DTMF gain control.
DTMFTransportType
[DTMF Transport Type]
0 = Erase digits from voice stream, do not relay to remote.
2 = Digits remain in voice stream.
3 = Erase digits from voice stream, relay to remote according to RFC 2833.
Note: This parameter is automatically updated if one of the following parameters
is configured: IsDTMFUsed, TxDTMFOption or RxDTMFOption.
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
Table 6-7: Channel Parameters (continues on pages 128 to 131)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
Web Parameter Name*
RFC2833PayloadType
The RFC 2833 DTMF relay dynamic payload type.
[RFC 2833 Payload Type]
Range: 96 to 99, 106 to 127; Default = 96
The 100, 102 to 105 range is allocated for proprietary usage.
Cisco is using payload type 101 for RFC 2833.
Note: When RFC 2833 payload type (PT) negotiation is used
(TxDTMFOption=4), this payload type is used for the received DTMF packets. If
negotiation isn’t used, this payload type is used for receive and for transmit.
MGCPDTMFDetectionPoint
0 = DTMF event is reported on the start of a detected DTMF digit.
1 = DTMF event is reported on the end of a detected DTMF digit (default).
Note: The parameter is used for out-of-band dialing.
DTMFInterDigitInterval
DTMFDigitLength
Time in msec between generated DTMFs to PSTN side
Default = 100 (msec)
Time in msec for generating of DTMF tone to PSTN side
Default = 100 (msec)
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6.12.1 Dynamic Jitter Buffer Operation
Voice frames are transmitted at a fixed rate. If the frames arrive at the other end at the same rate,
voice quality is perceived as good. In many cases, however, some frames can arrive slightly
faster or slower than the other frames. This is called jitter (delay variation), and degrades the
perceived voice quality. To minimize this problem, the gateway uses a jitter buffer. The jitter
buffer collects voice packets, stores them and sends them to the voice processor in evenly
spaced intervals.
The Mediant 2000 uses a dynamic jitter buffer that can be configured using two parameters:
•
•
Minimum delay, ‘DJBufMinDelay’ (0 msec to 150 msec). Defines the starting jitter capacity of
the buffer. For example, at 0 msec, there is no buffering at the start. At the default level of 70
msec, the gateway always buffers incoming packets by at least 70 msec worth of voice
frames.
Optimization Factor, ‘DJBufOptFactor’ (0 to 12, 13). Defines how the jitter buffer tracks to
changing network conditions. When set at its maximum value of 12, the dynamic buffer
aggressively tracks changes in delay (based on packet loss statistics) to increase the size of
the buffer and doesn’t decays back down. This results in the best packet error performance,
but at the cost of extra delay. At the minimum value of 0, the buffer tracks delays only to
compensate for clock drift and quickly decays back to the minimum level. This optimizes the
delay performance but at the expense of a higher error rate.
The default settings of 70 msec Minimum delay and 7 Optimization Factor should provide a good
compromise between delay and error rate. The jitter buffer "holds" incoming packets for 70 msec
before making them available for decoding into voice. The coder polls frames from the buffer at
regular intervals to produce continuous speech. As long as delays in the network do not change
(jitter) by more than 70 msec from one packet to the next, there is always a sample in the buffer
for the coder to use. If there is more than 70 msec of delay at any time during the call, the packet
arrives too late. The coder tries to access a frame and is not able to find one. The coder must
produce a voice sample even if a frame is not available. It therefore compensates for the missing
packet by adding a Bad-Frame-Interpolation (BFI) packet. This loss is then flagged as the buffer
being too small. The dynamic algorithm then causes the size of the buffer to increase for the next
voice session. The size of the buffer may decrease again if the gateway notices that the buffer is
not filling up as much as expected. At no time does the buffer decrease to less than the minimum
size configured by the Minimum delay parameter.
Special Optimization Factor Value: 13
One of the purposes of the Jitter Buffer mechanism is to compensate for clock drift. If the two
sides of the VoIP call are not synchronized to the same clock source, one RTP source generates
packets at a lower rate, causing under-runs at the remote Jitter Buffer. In normal operation
(optimization factor 0 to 12), the Jitter Buffer mechanism detects and compensates for the clock
drift by occasionally dropping a voice packet or by adding a BFI packet.
Fax and modem devices are sensitive to small packet losses or to added BFI packets. Therefore
to achieve better performance during modem and fax calls, the Optimization Factor should be set
to 13. In this special mode the clock drift correction is performed less frequently - only when the
Jitter Buffer is completely empty or completely full. When such condition occurs, the correction is
performed by dropping several voice packets simultaneously or by adding several BFI packets
simultaneously, so that the Jitter Buffer returns to its normal condition.
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6. ini File Configuration of the Mediant 2000
6.13 Configuration Files Parameters
The configuration files (Call Progress Tones, PRT, Voice Prompts and CAS) can be loaded to the
session.
ꢁ To load the configuration files via TFTP, take these 3 steps:
1. In the ini file, define the files to be loaded to the device. You can also define in the ini file
whether the loaded files should be stored in the non-volatile memory so that the TFTP
process is not required every time the device boots up.
2. Locate the configuration files you want to load and the ini file in the same directory.
3. Invoke a BootP/TFTP session; the ini and configuration files are loaded onto the device.
Table 6-8: Configuration File Parameters
Valid Range and Description
ini File Field Name
CallProgressTonesFilename
The name of the file containing the Call Progress Tones definitions. Refer to Section
VoicePromptsFileName
CASfilename
The name (and path) of the file containing the Voice Prompts definitions. Refer to
file.
This is the name of the file containing specific CAS protocol definition (such as
‘E_M_WinkTable.dat’). These files are provided to support various types of CAS
signaling.
CASfilename_x
It is possible to load up to 8 different CAS files (x=0 to 7), by repeating the
CASFileName parameter. Each CAS file can be associated with one or more of the
gateway trunks, using "CASTableIndex_x" parameter.
CASTablesNum
Number, 1 to 8. Specifies how many CAS configuration files are loaded.
The name (and path) of the file containing the Prerecorded Tones.
PrerecordedTonesFileName
SaveConfiguration
Set to 1 to store the CPT, PRT, CAS and Voice Prompts files in the non-volatile
memory.
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Reader’s Notes
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7. Configuration Files
7 Configuration Files
This section describes the configuration (dat) files that are load (in addition to the ini file) to the
gateway. The configuration files are:
•
•
•
•
To load any of the configuration files to the Mediant 2000 use the Embedded Web Server (refer to
the gateway’s ini file and load it (the ini file) to the gateway (refer to Section B.6 on page 190).
7.1 Configuring the Call Progress Tones
The Call Progress Tones, configuration file used by the Mediant 2000 is a binary file (with the
extension dat) which contains the definitions of the Call Progress Tones (levels and frequencies)
that are detected / generated by the Mediant 2000.
Users can either use, one of the supplied Mediant 2000 configuration (dat) files, or construct their
own file. To construct their own configuration file, users are recommended, to modify the supplied
usa_tone.ini file (in any standard text editor) to suit their specific requirements, and to convert it
(the modified ini file) into binary format using the “TrunkPack Downloadable Conversion Utility”
supplied with the software package. For the description of the procedure on how to convert CPT
Note that only the dat file can be loaded to the Mediant 2000 gateway.
To load the Call Progress Tones (dat) file to the Mediant 2000, use the Embedded Web Server
7.1.1 Format of the Call Progress Tones Section in the ini File
Using the CPT section of this configuration file, the User can create up to 16 different Call
Progress Tones using up to 15 different frequencies (in the range of 300 Hz to 1980 Hz). Each of
these Call Progress Tones is specified by its tone frequency (either single or dual frequencies are
supported) and its tone cadence. The tone cadence is specified by 2 sets of on/off periods (you
can discard the use of the first on/off cycle by setting the relevant parameters to zero). When a
tone is composed of a single frequency, the second frequency field must be set to zero.
For a continuous tone (such as dial tone), only the “First Signal On time” should be specified. In
this case, the parameter specifies the detection period. For example, if it equals 300, the tone is
detected after 3 seconds (300 x 10 msec). The minimum detection time is 100 msec.
Users can specify several tones of the same type. These additional tones are used only for tone
detection. Generation of a specific tone conforms to the first definition of the specific tone. For
example, Users can define an additional dial tone by appending the second dial tone’s definition
lines to the first tone definition in the ini file. The Mediant 2000 reports dial tone detection if either
of the two tones is detected.
The Call Progress Tones section of the ini file format starts from the following string:
•
[NUMBER OF CALL PROGRESS TONES] – Contains the following key:
ꢁ
“Number of Call Progress Tones” defining the number of Call Progress Tones that are
defined in the file.
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•
[CALL PROGRESS TONE #X] – containing the Xth tone definition (starting from 1 and not
exceeding the number of Call Progress Tones defined in the first section) using the following
keys:
ꢁ
Tone Type – Call Progress Tone type
Figure 7-1: Call Progress Tone Types
1. Dial Tone
2. Ringback Tone
3. Busy Tone
7. Reorder Tone
17.Call Waiting Ringback Tone
23. Hold Tone
ꢁ
ꢁ
Low Freq [Hz] – Frequency in hertz of the lower tone component in case of dual
frequency tone, or the frequency of the tone in case of single tone.
High Freq [Hz] – Frequency in hertz of the higher tone component in case of dual
frequency tone, or zero (0) in case of single tone.
ꢁ
ꢁ
Low Freq Level [-dBm] – Generation level 0 dBm to –31 dBm in [dBm].
High Freq Level – Generation level. 0 to –31 dBm. The value should be set to ‘32’ in
the case of a single tone.
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
First Signal On Time [10 msec] – “Signal On” period (in 10 msec units) for the first
cadence on-off cycle.
First Signal Off Time [10 msec] – “Signal Off” period (in 10 msec units) for the first
cadence on-off cycle.
Second Signal On Time [10 msec] – “Signal On” period (in 10 msec units) for the
second cadence on-off cycle.
Second Signal Off Time [10 msec] – “Signal Off” period (in 10 msec units) for the
second cadence on-off cycle.
Default Duration [msec] - The default duration (in 1 msec units) of the generated tone.
Note 1: When the same frequency is used for a continuous tone and a cadence tone,
the ‘Signal On Time’ parameter of the continues tone must have a value that
is greater than the ‘Signal On Time’ parameter of the cadence tone.
Otherwise the continues tone is detected instead of the cadence tone.
Note 2: The tones frequency should differ by at least 40 Hz from one tone to other
defined tones.
For example: to configure the dial tone to 440 Hz only, define the following text:
Figure 7-2: Defining a Dial Tone Example
#Dial tone
[CALL PROGRESS TONE #1]
Tone Type=1
Low Freq [Hz]=440
High Freq [Hz]=0
Low Freq Level [-dBm]=10 (-10 dBm)
High Freq Level [-dBm]=32 (use 32 only if a single tone is required)
First Signal On Time [10msec]=300; the dial tone is detected after 3 sec
First Signal Off Time [10msec]=0
Second Signal On Time [10msec]=0
Second Signal Off Time [10msec]=0
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7. Configuration Files
7.2 Prerecorded Tones (PRT) File
The Call Progress Tones mechanism has several limitations, such as a limited number of
predefined tones and a limited number of frequency integrations in one tone. To work around
these limitations and provide tone generation capability that is more flexible, the PRT file can be
used. If a specific prerecorded tone exists in the PRT file, it takes precedence over the same tone
that exists in the CPT file and is played instead of it.
Note that the prerecorded tones are used only for generation of tones. Detection of tones is
performed according to the CPT file.
7.2.1 PRT File Format
The PRT dat file contains a set of prerecorded tones to be played by the Mediant 2000 during
operation. Up to 40 tones (totaling approximately 10 minutes) can be stored in a single file in flash
memory. The prerecorded tones (raw data PCM or L8 files) are prepared offline using standard
recording utilities (such as CoolEditTM) and combined into a single file using the TrunkPack
The raw data files must be recorded with the following characteristics:
•
•
•
•
Coders:
G.711 A-law, G.711 µ-law or Linear PCM
Rate:
8 kHz
8-bit
Resolution:
Channels:
mono
The generated PRT file can then be loaded to the Mediant 2000 using the BootP/TFTP utility
The prerecorded tones are played repeatedly. This enables you to record only part of the tone
and play it for the full duration. For example, if a tone has a cadence of 2 seconds on and 4
seconds off, the recorded file should contain only these 6 seconds. The PRT module repeatedly
plays this cadence for the configured duration. Similarly, a continuous tone can be played by
repeating only part of it.
7.3 Voice Prompts File
Note:
The Voice Prompts file is applicable only to the VXML application.
The voice announcement file contains a set of Voice Prompts to be played by the Mediant 2000
during operation. The voice announcements are prepared offline using standard recording utilities
and combined into a single file using the TrunkPack Downloadable Conversion Utility.
The generated announcement file can then be loaded to the Mediant 2000 using the BootP/TFTP
If the size of the combined Voice Prompts file is less than 1 MB, it can permanently be stored in
flash memory. Larger files, up to 10 MB, are stored in RAM, and should be loaded again (using
BootP/TFTP utility) after the Mediant 2000 is reset.
The Voice Prompts integrated file is a collection of raw voice recordings and / or wav files. These
recordings can be prepared using standard utilities, such as CoolEdit, GoldwaveTM and others.
The raw voice recordings must be sampled at 8000 kHz / mono / 8 bit. The wav files must be
recorded with G.711µ-Law/A-Law/Linear.
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When the list of recorded files is converted to a single voiceprompts.dat file, every Voice Prompt
is tagged with an ID number, starting with “1”. This ID is used later by the Mediant 2000 to start
playing the correct announcement. Up to 1000 Voice Prompts can be used.
Note:
The Voice Prompt ID is used in the VXML file to specify the message that is
to be played.
AudioCodes provides a professionally recorded English (U.S.) Voice Prompts file.
ꢁ To generate and load the Voice Prompts file, take these 3 steps:
1. Prepare one or more voice files using standard utilities.
2. Use the TrunkPack Downloadable Conversion Utility to generate the voiceprompts.dat file
3. Load the voiceprompts.dat file to the Mediant 2000 either by using a TFTP procedure (refer
82).
7.4 CAS Protocol Configuration Files
The CAS Protocol Configuration Files contain the CAS Protocol definitions to be used for CAS-
terminated trunks, Users can either use the files supplied or construct their own files.
It is possible to load up to eight files and to use different files for different trunks.
Note that all CAS files loaded together must belong to the same Trunk Type (either E1 or T1).
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8. Gateway Capabilities Description
8 Gateway Capabilities Description
8.1 Proxy or Registrar Registration Example
REGISTER sip:servername SIP/2.0
VIA: SIP/2.0/UDP 212.179.22.229;branch=z9hG4bRaC7AU234
From: <sip:GWRegistrationName@sipgatewayname>;tag=1c29347
To: <sip:GWRegistrationName@sipgatewayname>
Seq: 1 REGISTER
Expires: 3600
Contact: sip:[email protected]
Content-Length: 0
The "servername" string is defined according to the following rules:
•
•
•
•
The "servername" is equal to "RegistrarName" if configured. The "RegistrarName" can be
any string.
Otherwise, the "servername" is equal to "RegistrarIP" (either FQDN or numerical IP
address), if configured.
Otherwise the "servername" is equal to "ProxyName" if configured. The "ProxyName" can be
any string.
Otherwise the "servername" is equal to "ProxyIP" (either FQDN or numerical IP address).
The parameter ‘GWRegistrationName’ can be any string. If the parameter is not defined, the
parameter ‘UserName’ is used instead.
The "sipgatewayname" parameter (defined in the ini file or set from the Web browser), can be
any string. Some Proxy servers require that the "sipgatewayname" (in Register messages) is
set equal to the Registrar / Proxy IP address or to the Registrar / Proxy domain name.
The Register message is sent to the Registrar’s IP address (if configured) or to the Proxy’s IP
address. The message is sent once per gateway. The registration request is resent according to
the parameter ‘RegistrartionTimeDivider’. For example, if ‘RegistrationTimeDivider = 70’ (%) and
Registration Expires time = 3600, the gateway resends its registration request after 3600 x 70% =
2520 sec. The default value of ‘RegistrartionTimeDivider’ is 50%.
8.2 Redirect Number and Calling Name (Display)
The following tables define the Mediant 2000 redirect number and calling name (Display) support
for various PRI variants:
Table 8-1: Calling Name (Display)
DMS-100
NI-2
4/5ESS
Euro ISDN
NTꢀTE
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
Yes
No
TEꢀNT
Table 8-2: Redirect Number
NI-2
DMS-100
4/5ESS
Euro ISDN
NTꢀTE
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
TEꢀNT
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8.3 ISDN Overlap Dialing
Overlap dialing is a dialing scheme used by several ISDN variants to send and / or receive called
number digits one right after the other (or several at a time). As opposed to the enbloc dialing
scheme in which a complete number is sent.
The Mediant 2000 can optionally support ISDN overlap dialing for incoming ISDN calls for the
entire gateway by setting ‘ISDNRxOverlap’ to 1, or per E1/T1 span by setting ‘ISDNRxOverlap_x’
to 1 (‘x’ represents the number of the trunk, 0 to 7).
To play a Dial tone to the ISDN user side when an empty called number is received, set
‘ISDNINCallsBehavior = 65536’ (bit #16) causing the Progress Indicator to be included in the
SetupAck ISDN message.
The Mediant 2000 stops collecting digits (for ISDNꢀIP calls) when:
•
•
•
The sending device transmits a "sending complete" IE in the ISDN Setup or the following
Info messages to signal that no more digits are going to be sent.
The inter-digit timeout (configured by the parameter ‘TimeBetweenDigits’) expires. The
default for this timeout is 4 seconds.
The maximum allowed number of digits (configured by the parameter ‘MaxDigits’) is
reached. The default is 30 digits.
•
•
•
•
•
ISDNRxOverlap
ISDNRxOverlap_x
TimeBetweenDigits
MaxDigits
ISDNInCallsBehavior
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8. Gateway Capabilities Description
8.4 Using ISDN NFAS
In regular (non-NFAS) T1 ISDN trunks, a single 64 kbps channel carries signaling for the other 23
B-channels of that particular T1 trunk. This channel is called the D-channel and usually resides
on timeslot # 24.
The ISDN Non-Facility Associated Signaling (NFAS) feature enables use of a single D-channel to
control multiple PRI interfaces.
With NFAS it is possible to define a group of T1 trunks, called an NFAS group, in which a single
D-channel carries ISDN signaling messages for the entire group. The NFAS group’s B-channels
are used to carry traffic, such as voice or data. The NFAS mechanism also enables definition of a
backup D-channel on a different T1 trunk, to be used if the primary D-channel fails.
The NFAS group comprises several T1 trunks. Each T1 trunk is called an ‘NFAS member’. The
T1 trunk whose D-channel is used for signaling is called the ‘Primary NFAS Trunk’. The T1 trunk
whose D-channel is used for backup signaling is called the ‘Backup NFAS Trunk’. The primary
and backup trunks each carry 23 B-channels while all other NFAS trunks each carry 24
B-channels.
The Mediant 2000 supports multiple NFAS groups. Each group should contain different T1 trunks.
The NFAS group is identified by an NFAS GroupID number (possible values are 1, 2, 3 and 4).
To assign a number of T1 trunks to the same NFAS group, use the parameter
‘NFASGroupNumber_x = groupID’. ‘x’ stands for the physical trunkID (0 to 7).
The parameter ‘DchConfig_x = Trunk_type’ is used to define the type of NFAS trunk. Trunk_type
is set to 0 for the primary trunk, to 1 for the backup trunk and to 2 for an ordinary NFAS trunk. ‘x’
stands for the physical trunkID (0 to 7).
For example, to assign the first four Mediant 2000 T1 trunks to NFAS group #1, in which trunk #0
is the primary trunk and trunk #1 is the backup trunk, use the following configuration:
NFASGroupNumber_0 = 1
NFASGroupNumber_1 = 1
NFASGroupNumber_2 = 1
NFASGroupNumber_3 = 1
DchConfig_0 = 0
DchConfig_1 = 1
DchConfig_2 = 2
DchConfig_3 = 2
;Primary T1 trunk
;Backup T1 trunk
;24 B-channel NFAS trunk
;24 B-channel NFAS trunk
Note:
In the current version the NFAS parameters cannot be configured via the
‘Trunk Settings’ screen in the Embedded Web Server. Use ini file
configuration instead.
8.4.1 NFAS Interface ID
Several ISDN switches require an additional configuration parameter per T1 trunk, that is called
‘Interface Identifier’. In NFAS T1 trunks the Interface Identifier is sent explicitly in Q.931 Setup /
Channel Identification IE for all NFAS trunks, except for the B-channels of the Primary trunk (refer
to note 1 below).
The Interface ID can be defined per each member (T1 trunk) of the NFAS group, and must be
coordinated with the configuration of the Switch.
The default value of the Interface ID is identical to the number of the physical T1 trunk (0 for the
first Mediant 2000 trunk, 1 for the second Mediant 2000 T1 trunk etc. up to 7).
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To define an explicit Interface ID for a T1 trunk (that is different from the default), use the
following parameters:
•
•
ISDNBehavior_x = 512 (x = 0 to 7 identifying the Mediant 2000 physical trunk)
ISDNNFASInterfaceID_x = ID (x = 0 to 255)
Note 1: Usually the Interface Identifier is included in the Q.931 Setup/Channel
Identification IE only on T1 trunks that doesn’t contain the D-channel. Calls
initiated on B-channels of the Primary T1 trunk, by default, don’t contain the
Interface Identifier. Setting the parameter ‘ISDNBehavior_x’ to 2048’ forces
the inclusion of the Channel Identifier parameter also for the Primary trunk.
Note 2: The parameter ‘ISDNNFASInterfaceID_x = ID’ can define the ‘Interface ID’ for
any Primary T1 trunk, even if the T1 trunk is not a part of an NFAS group.
However, to include the Interface Identifier in Q.931 Setup/Channel
Identification IE configure ‘ISDNBehavior_x = 2048’ in the ini file.
8.4.2 Working with DMS-100 Switches
The DMS-100 switch requires the following NFAS Interface ID definitions:
•
•
•
•
•
InterfaceID #0 for the Primary trunk
InterfaceID #1 for the Backup trunk (refer to the note below)
InterfaceID #2 for a 24 B-channel T1 trunk
InterfaceID #3 for a 24 B-channel T1 trunk
Etc.
Note: In the current version, the Mediant 2000 doesn’t support the DMS-100 Backup trunk.
Therefore, InterfaceID #1, should not be used.
For example, if four T1 trunks on a Mediant 2000 are configured as a single NFAS group that is
used with a DMS-100 switch, the following parameters should be used:
ISDNNFASInterfaceID_0 = 0
ISDNNFASInterfaceID_1 = 2
ISDNNFASInterfaceID_2 = 3
ISDNNFASInterfaceID_3 = 4
NFASGroupNumber_0 = 1
NFASGroupNumber_1 = 1
NFASGroupNumber_2 = 1
NFASGroupNumber_3 = 1
DchConfig_0 = 0 ;Primary T1 trunk
DchConfig_2 = 2 ;24 B-channel NFAS trunk
DchConfig_3 = 2 ;24 B-channel NFAS trunk
DchConfig_4 = 2 ;24 B-channel NFAS trunk
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8. Gateway Capabilities Description
8.5 Configuring the DTMF Transport Types
You can control the way DTMF digits are transported over the IP network to the remote endpoint.
The following five modes are supported:
1. Using INFO message according to the Nortel IETF draft:
In this mode DTMF digits are carried to the remote side within INFO messages.
To enable this mode set:
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
‘IsDTMFUsed = 1’
& Dialing>Use Out-of-Band DTMF = Yes)
(Protocol Management>Protocol Defenition>DTMF
‘OutOfBandDTMFFormat = 1’
& Dialing>Out-of-Band DTMF Format = INFO (Nortel))
(Protocol Management>Protocol Defenition>DTMF
‘RxDTMFOption = 0’
(Protocol Management>Protocol Defenition>DTMF
& Dialing>Declare RFC 2833 in SDP = No)
Note that in this mode DTMF digits are erased from the audio stream (DTMFTransportType
is automatically set to 0).
2. Using INFO message according to Cisco’s style:
In this mode DTMF digits are carried to the remote side within INFO messages.
To enable this mode set:
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
‘IsDTMFUsed = 1’
(Use Out-of-Band DTMF = Yes)
‘OutOfBandDTMFFormat = 2’
‘RxDTMFOption = 0’
(Out-of-Band DTMF Format = INFO (Cisco))
(Declare RFC 2833 in SDP = No)
Note that in this mode DTMF digits are erased from the audio stream (DTMFTransportType
is automatically set to 0).
3. Using NOTIFY messages according to <draft-mahy-sipping-signaled-digits-01.txt>:
In this mode DTMF digits are carried to the remote side using NOTIFY messages.
To enable this mode set:
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
‘IsDTMFUsed = 1’
(Use Out-of-Band DTMF = Yes)
(Out-of-Band DTMF Format = NOTIFY)
(Declare RFC 2833 in SDP = No)
‘OutOfBandDTMFFormat = 3’
‘RxDTMFOption = 0’
Note that in this mode DTMF digits are erased from the audio stream (DTMFTransportType
is automatically set to 0).
4. Using RFC 2833 relay with Payload type negotiation:
In this mode, DTMF digits are carried to the remote side as part of the RTP stream in
accordance with RFC 2833 standard.
To enable this mode set:
ꢁ
ꢁ
‘IsDTMFUsed = 0’
(Use Out-of-Band DTMF = No)
‘TxDTMFOption = 4’
(Protocol Management>Protocol Defenition>DTMF &
Dialing> DTMF RFC 2833 Negotiation = Enable)
ꢁ
ꢁ
‘RxDTMFOption = 3’
(Declare RFC 2833 in SDP = Yes)
‘DTMFTransportType = 3’ (Advanced Configuration>Channel Settings>Voice
Settings>DTMF Transport Type = RFC 2833 Relay DTMF)
Note that to set the RFC 2833 payload type with a different value (other than its default, 96)
configure the ‘RFC2833PayloadType’ parameter. The gateway negotiates the RFC 2833
payload type using local and remote SDP and sends packets using the PT from the received
SDP. The gateway expects to receive RFC 2833 packets with the same PT as configured by
the ‘RFC2833PayloadType’ parameter. The RFC 2833 packets are sent even if the remote
side didn't include the send "telephone-event" parameter in its SDP, in which case the
gateway uses the same PT for send and for receive.
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5. Sending DTMF digits (in RTP packets) as part of the audio stream (DTMF Relay is disabled):
Note that this method is normally used with G.711 coders; with other Low Bit Rate (LBR)
coders the quality of the DTMF digits is reduced.
To set this mode:
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
‘IsDTMFUsed = 0’
‘TxDTMFOption = 0’
‘RxDTMFOption = 0’
(Use Out-of-Band DTMF = No)
(DTMF RFC 2833 Negotiation = Disable)
(Declare RFC 2833 in SDP = No)
‘DTMFTransportType = 2’ (DTMF Transport Type = Transparent DTMF)
Note 1: The gateway is always ready to receive DTMF packets over IP, in all possible
transport modes: INFO messages, Notify and RFC 2833 (in proper payload
type) or as part of the audio stream.
Note 2: To exclude RFC 2833 Telephony event parameter from the gateway’s SDP,
set ‘RxDTMFOption = 0’ in the ini file.
The following parameters affect the way the Mediant 2000 SIP handles the DTMF digits:
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
[Web Name]
IsDTMFUsed
Use out-of-band signaling to relay DTMF digits.
0 = Disable, DTMF digits are sent according to DTMFTransportType parameter. (default)
1 = Enable sending DTMF digits within INFO or NOTIFY messages.
[Use Out-of-Band DTMF]
Note: When out-of-band DTMF transfer is used, DTMFTransportType is automatically
set to 0 (erase the DTMF digits from the RTP stream).
OutOfBandDTMFFormat
[Out-of-Band DTMF Format]
The exact method to send out-of-band DTMF digits
1 = INFO format (Nortel)
2 = INFO format (Cisco) - (default)
3 = NOTIFY format <draft-mahy-sipping-signaled-digits-01.txt>
Note 1: To use out-of-band DTMF, set “IsDTMFUsed=1”.
Note 2: When using out-of-band DTMF, the “DTMFTransportType” parameter is
automatically set to 0, to erase the DTMF digits from RTP path.
TxDTMFOption
[DTMF RFC 2833
Negotiation]
0 = No negotiation, DTMF digit is sent according to the parameters
‘DTMFTransportType’ and ‘RFC2833PayloadType’.
4 = Enable RFC 2833 payload type (PT) negotiation
Note 1: This parameter is applicable only if “IsDTMFUsed=0” (out of-band DTMF is not
used)
Note 2: If enabled, the gateway:
•
•
•
Negotiates RFC 2833 payload type using local and remote SDPs.
Sends DTMF packets using RFC 2833 PT according to the PT in the received SDP.
Expects to receive RFC 2833 packets with the same PT as configured by the
“RFC2833PayloadType” parameter.
Note 3: If the remote party doesn’t include the RFC 2833 DTMF relay payload type in
the SDP, the gateway uses the same PT for send and for receive.
Note 4: If TxDTMFOption is set to 0, the RFC 2833 payload type is set according to the
parameter ‘RFC2833PayloadType’ for both transmit and receive.
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8. Gateway Capabilities Description
Table 8-3: Summary of DTMF Configuration Parameters (continues on pages 144 to 145)
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
[Web Name]
RxDTMFOption
Defines the supported Receive DTMF negotiation method.
0 = Don’t declare RFC 2833 Telephony-event parameter in SDP
1 = n/a
2 = n/a
3 = Declare RFC 2833 “Telephony-event” parameter in SDP (default)
The gateway is designed to always be receptive to RFC 2833 DTMF relay packets.
Therefore, it is always correct to include the “Telephony-event” parameter as a default in
the SDP. However some gateways use the absence of the “telephony-event” from the
SDP to decide to send DTMF digits inband using G.711 coder, if this is the case you can
set “RxDTMFOption=0”.
RFC2833PayloadType
The RFC 2833 DTMF relay dynamic payload type.
Range: 96 to 99, 106 to 127; Default = 96
The 100, 102 to 105 range is allocated for proprietary usage.
Cisco is using payload type 101 for RFC 2833.
Note: When RFC 2833 payload type (PT) negotiation is used (TxDTMFOption=4), this
payload type is used for the received DTMF packets. If negotiation isn’t used, this
payload type is used for receive and for transmit.
MGCPDTMFDetectionPont 0 = Send out of-band DTMF message on starting point of DTMF digit
1 = Send DTMF message on ending point of DTMF digit (default)
DTMFDigitLength
Time in msec for generating DTMF tones to the PSTN side (if received in INFO).
The default value is 100 msec.
DTMFInterDigitInterval
Time in msec between generated DTMFs to PSTN side (if received in INFO).
The default value is = 100 msec.
DTMFVolume
[DTMF Volume]
DTMF level for regenerated digits to PSTN side (-31 to 0, corresponding to -31 dBm to 0
dBm in 1 dB steps, default = -11 dBm)
DTMFTransportType
[DTMF Transport Type]
0 = Erase digits from voice stream, do not relay to remote.
2 = Digits remain in voice stream.
3 = Erase digits from voice stream, relay to remote according to RFC 2833.
Note: This parameter is automatically updated if one of the following parameters is
configured: IsDTMFUsed, TxDTMFOption or RxDTMFOption.
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8.6 Configuring the Gateway’s Alternative Routing
(based on Connectivity and QoS)
The Alternative Routing feature enables reliable routing of Tel to IP calls when Proxy isn’t used.
The Mediant 2000 gateway periodically checks the availability of connectivity and suitable Quality
of Service (QoS) before routing. If the expected quality cannot be achieved, an alternative IP
route for the prefix (phone number) is selected.
Note that if the alternative routing destination is the gateway itself, the call can be configured to
be routed back to one of the gateway’s trunk groups and thus back into the PSTN (PSTN
Fallback).
8.6.1 Alternative Routing Mechanism
When a TelꢀIP call is routed through the Mediant 2000 gateway, the call’s destination number is
compared to the list of prefixes defined in the Tel to IP Routing table (described in Section 5.8.4.1
the top of the table. When an appropriate entry (destination number matches one of the prefixes)
is found; the prefix’s corresponding destination IP address is checked. If the destination IP
address is disallowed, an alternative route is searched for in the following table entries.
Destination IP address is disallowed if no ping to the destination is available (ping is continuously
initiated every 7 seconds), when an inappropriate level of QoS was detected, or when DNS host
name is not resolved. The QoS level is calculated according to delay or packet loss of previously
ended calls. If no call statistics are received for two minutes, the QoS information is reset.
The Mediant 2000 gateway matches the rules starting at the top of the table. For this reason,
enter the main IP route above any alternative route.
8.6.2 Determining the Availability of Destination IP Addresses
To determine the availability of each destination IP address (or host name) in the routing table,
one (or all) of the following (configurable) methods are applied:
•
•
Connectivity – The destination IP address is queried periodically (currently only by ping).
QoS – The QoS of an IP connection is determined according to RTCP (Real-Time Control
Protocol) statistics of previous calls. Network delay (in msec) and network packet loss (in
percentage) are separately quantified and compared to a certain (configurable) threshold. If
the calculated amounts (of delay or packet loss) exceed these thresholds the IP connection
is disallowed.
•
DNS resolution – When host name is used (instead of IP address) for the destination route, it
is resolved to an IP address by a DNS server. Connectivity and QoS are then applied to the
resolved IP address.
8.6.3 PSTN Fallback as a Special Case of Alternative Routing
The purpose of the PSTN Fallback feature is to enable the Mediant 2000 gateway to redirect
PSTN originated calls back to the legacy PSTN network if a destination IP route is found
unsuitable (disallowed) for voice traffic at a specific time.
To enable PSTN fallback, assign the IP address of the gateway itself as an alternative route to
the desired prefixes. Note that calls (now referred to as IP to Tel calls) can be re-routed to a
specific trunk group using the Routing parameters.
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8. Gateway Capabilities Description
8.6.4 Relevant Parameters
mechanism:
•
•
•
•
AltRoutingTel2IPEnable
AltRoutingTel2IPMode
IPConnQoSMaxAllowedPL
IPConnQoSMaxAllowedDelay
8.7 Working with Supplementary Services
The Mediant 2000 SIP gateway supports the following supplementary services:
•
•
•
•
Hold / Retrieve
Transfer
Call Forward (doesn't initiate call forward, only responds to call forward request)
Call Waiting
Mediant 2000 SIP users are only required to enable the Hold and Transfer features. The call
forward (supporting 30x redirecting responses) and call waiting (receive of 182 response)
features are enabled by default. Note that all call participants must support the specific used
method.
Note:
When working with application servers (such as BroadSoft’s BroadWorks) in
client server mode (the application server controls all supplementary services
and keypad features by itself), the gateway’s supplementary services must be
disabled.
8.7.1 Call Hold and Retrieve Features
•
The party that initiates the hold is called the holding party, the other party is called the held
party. The Mediant 2000 can't initiate the hold, but it can respond to hold request, and as
such it is a held party.
•
After a successful hold, the held party should hear HELD_TONE, defined in gateway's Call
Progress Tones file.
•
•
•
Retrieve can be performed only by the holding party while the call is held and active.
After a successful retrieve the voice should be connected again.
The hold and retrieve functionalities are implemented by Reinvite messages. The IP address
0.0.0.0 as the connection IP address or the string “a=inactive” in the received Reinvite SDP
cause the gateway to enter Hold state and to play held tone (configured in the gateway) to
the PBX/PSTN. If the string “a=recvonly” is received in the SDP message, the gateway stops
sending RTP packets, but continues to listen to the incoming RTP packets. Usually, the
remote party plays, in this scenario, Music on-hold (MOH) and the Mediant 2000 forwards
the MOH to the held party.
8.7.2 Call Transfer
There are two types of call transfers:
•
•
Consultation Transfer
Blind Transfer
The common way to perform a consultation transfer is as follows:
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In the transfer scenario there are three parties:
Party A - transferring, Party B – transferred, Party C – transferred to.
•
•
•
•
•
•
A Calls B.
B answers.
A presses the hookflash and puts B on-hold (party B hears a hold tone)
A dials C.
After A completed dialing C, A can perform the transfer by on-hooking the A phone.
After the transfer is completed, B and C parties are engaged in a call.
The transfer can be initiated at any of the following stages of the call between A to C:
•
•
•
Just after completing dialing C phone number - Transfer from setup.
While hearing ring back – Transfer from alert.
While speaking to C – Transfer from active.
Blind transfer is performed after we have a call between A and B, and A party decides to transfer
the call to C immediately without speaking with C.
The result of the transfer is a call between B and C (just like consultation transfer only skipping
the consultation stage).
The Mediant 2000 doesn't initiate call transfer, it only can respond to call transfer request.
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8. Gateway Capabilities Description
8.8 TDM Tunneling
The Mediant 2000 TDM Tunneling feature allows you to tunnel groups of digital trunk spans or
timeslots (B-channels) over the IP network. TDM Tunneling utilizes the internal routing
capabilities of the Mediant 2000 (working without Proxy control) to receive voice and data
streams from TDM (1 to 16 E1/T1/J1) spans or individual timeslots, convert them into packets
and transmit them automatically over the IP network (using point-to-point or point-to-multipoint
gateway distributions). A Mediant 2000 opposite it (or several Mediant 2000 gateways, when
point-to-multipoint distributions is used) converts the IP packets back into TDM traffic. Each
timeslot can be targeted to any other timeslot within a trunk in the opposite Mediant 2000.
8.8.1 Implementation
When TDM Tunneling is enabled (‘EnableTDMOverIP’ is set to 1 on the originating Mediant
2000), the originating Mediant 2000 automatically initiates SIP calls from all enabled B-channels
belonging to the E1/T1/J1 spans that are configured with the ‘Transparent’ protocol. The called
number of each call is the internal phone number of the B-channel that the call originates from.
The IP to Trunk Group routing table is used to define the destination IP address of the terminating
Mediant 2000. The terminating Mediant 2000 gateway automatically answers these calls if its
E1/T1 protocol is set to ‘Transparent’ (ProtocolType = 5) and parameter ‘ChannelSelectMode = 0’
(By Phone Number).
Note: It is possible to configure both gateways to also operate in symmetric mode. To do so, set
‘EnableTDMOverIP’ to 1 and configure the Tel to IP Routing tables in both Mediant 2000
gateways. In this mode, each gateway (after it is reset) initiates calls to the second gateway. The
first call for each B-channel is answered by the second gateway.
The Mediant 2000 monitors the established connections continuously, if for some reason one or
more calls are released, the gateway automatically reestablishes these “broken“ connections. In
addition, when a failure in a physical trunk or in the IP network occurs, the Mediant 2000
gateways reestablish the tunneling connections as soon as the network restores.
Note: It is recommended to use the keep-alive mechanism for each connection by activating
“session expires” timeout, and using Reinvite messages.
TDM Tunneling feature to choose different settings, based on a timeslot or groups of timeslots.
For example, you can use low-bit-rate vocoders to transport voice, and ‘Transparent’ coder to
transport data (e.g., for D-channel). You can also use Profiles to assign ToS (for DiffServ) per
source, a time-slot carrying data or signaling gets a higher priority value than a time-slot carrying
voice.
For tunneling of E1/T1 CAS trunks enable RFC 2833 CAS relay mode (CASTransportType = 1).
implementing TDM Tunneling for four E1 spans. Note that in this example both gateways are
dedicated to TDM tunneling.
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Figure 8-1: ini File Example for TDM Tunneling (Originating Side)
EnableTDMOverIP = 1
;E1_TRANSPARENT_31
ProtocolType_0 = 5
ProtocolType_1 = 5
ProtocolType_2 = 5
ProtocolType_3 = 5
prefix = '*,10.8.24.12' ;(IP address of the Mediant 2000 in the opposite location)
; Channel selection by Phone number
ChannelSelectMode = 0
;Profiles can be used do define different coders per B-channels, such as Transparent
; coder for B-channels (time slot 16) that carries PRI signaling.
TrunkGroup = 0/1-31,1000,1
TrunkGroup = 1/1-31,2000,1
TrunkGroup = 2/1-31,3000,1
TrunkGroup = 3/1-31,4000,1
TrunkGroup = 0/16-16,7000,2
TrunkGroup = 1/16-16,7001,2
TrunkGroup = 2/16-16,7002,2
TrunkGroup = 3/16-16,7003,2
CoderName = 'g7231'
CoderName = 'Transparent'
CoderName_1 = 'g7231'
CoderName_2 = 'Transparent'
TelProfile_1 = voice,$$,1,$$,$$,$$,$$,$$,$$,$$
TelProfile_2 = data,$$,2,$$,$$,$$,$$,$$,$$,$$
Figure 8-2: ini File Example for TDM Tunneling (Terminating Side)
;E1_TRANSPARENT_31
ProtocolType_0 = 5
ProtocolType_1 = 5
ProtocolType_2 = 5
ProtocolType_3 = 5
; Channel selection by Phone number
ChannelSelectMode = 0
TrunkGroup = 0/1-31,1000,1
TrunkGroup = 1/1-31,2000,1
TrunkGroup = 2/1-31,3000,1
TrunkGroup = 3/1-31,4000,1
TrunkGroup = 0/16-16,7000,2
TrunkGroup = 1/16-16,7001,2
TrunkGroup = 2/16-16,7002,2
TrunkGroup = 3/16-16,7003,2
CoderName = 'g7231'
CoderName = 'Transparent'
CoderName_1 = 'g7231'
CoderName_2 = 'Transparent'
TelProfile_1 = voice,$$,1,$$,$$,$$,$$,$$,$$,$$
TelProfile_2 = data,$$,2,$$,$$,$$,$$,$$,$$,$$
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8. Gateway Capabilities Description
8.9 Call Detail Report
The Call Detail Report (CDR) contains vital statistic information on calls made by the gateway.
CDRs are generated at the end and (optionally) at the beginning of each call (determined by the
parameter ‘CDRReportLevel’). The destination IP address for CDR logs is determined by the
parameter ‘CDRSyslogServerIP’.
The following CDR fields are supported:
Table 8-4: Supported CDR Fields
Field Name
Description
Cid
CallId
Board’s Logic Channel Number
H.323/SIP Call Identifier
Physical Trunk Number
Selected B-Channel
Trunk
BChan
ConId
H.323/SIP Conference ID
Trunk Group Number
TG
EPTyp
Endpoint Type
Orig
Call Originator (IP, Tel)
Source IP Address
SourceIp
DestIp
Destination IP Address
Source Phone Number Type
Source Phone Number Plan
Source Phone Number
Destination Phone Number Type
Destination Phone Number Plan
Destination Phone Number
Destination Number Before Manipulation
Call Duration
TON
NPI
SrcPhoneNum
TON
NPI
DstPhoneNum
DstNumBeforeMap
Durat
Coder
Selected Coder
Intrv
Packet Interval
RtpIp
RTP IP Address
Port
Remote RTP Port
TrmSd
Initiator of Call Release (IP, Tel, Unknown)
Termination Reason
TrmReason
Fax
Fax Transaction during the Call
Number of Incoming Packets
Number of Outgoing Packets
Number of Outgoing Lost Packets
unique RTP ID
InPackets
OutPackets
PackLoss
UniqueId
SetupTime
ConnectTime
ReleaseTime
RTPdelay
RTPjitter
RTPssrc
RemoteRTPssrc
RedirectReason
TON
Call Setup Time
Call Connect Time
Call Release Time
RTP Delay
RTP Jitter
Local RTP SSRC
Remote RTP SSRC
Redirect Reason
Redirection Phone Number Type
Redirection Phone Number Plan
Redirection Phone Number
NPI
RedirectPhonNum
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8.10 Trunk to Trunk Routing Example
This example describes two Mediant 2000 gateways, each interface with the PSTN through four
E1 spans. Gateway "A" is configured to route all incoming TelꢀIP calls to gateway "B". Gateway
"B" generates calls to PSTN on the same E1 Trunk as the call was originally received (in gateway
"A").
Gateway "A" IP address is 192.168.3.50
Gateway "B" IP address is 192.168.3.51
Ini File Parameters of Gateways "A" and "B”:
1. Define, for both gateways, four trunk groups; each with 30 B-channels:
TrunkGroup_1 = 0/1-31,1000
TrunkGroup_2 = 1/1-31,2000
TrunkGroup_3 = 2/1-31,3000
TrunkGroup_4 = 3/1-31,4000
2. In gateway "A”, add the originating Trunk Group ID, as a prefix, to the destination number,
for TelꢀIP calls:
AddTrunkGroupAsPrefix=1
3. In gateway "A", route all incoming PSTN calls, starting with the prefixes 1, 2, 3 and 4, to
gateway’s "B" IP address:
Prefix = 1, 192.168.3.51
Prefix = 2, 192.168.3.51
Prefix = 3, 192.168.3.51
Prefix = 4, 192.168.3.51
Note: It is also possible to define "Prefix = *,192.168.3.51" instead of the four lines above.
4. In gateway "B", route IPꢀPSTN calls to Trunk Group ID according to the first digit of the
called number:
PSTNPrefix = 1,1
PSTNPrefix = 2,2
PSTNPrefix = 3,4
PSTNPrefix = 4,4
5. In gateway "B", remove the first digit from each IPꢀPSTN number, before it is used in an
outgoing call:
NumberMapIP2Tel = *,1
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8. Gateway Capabilities Description
8.11 SIP Call Flow Example
gateway and an MP-108 gateway during a simple call.
MP-108 with phone number “8000”, calls Mediant 2000 with phone number “1000”:
Figure 8-3: SIP Call Flow Example
Mediant 2000
10.8.201.10
MP-108
10.8.201.108
INVITE
Trying
F1
F2
Ringing
F3
200 OK
Ack
F4
F5
BYE
F6
F7
200 OK
F1 10.8.201.108 ==> 10.8.201.10 INVITE
INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.8.201.108;branch=z9hG4bKacsiJkDGd
From: <sip:[email protected]>;tag=1c5354
To: <sip:[email protected]>
Call-ID: [email protected]
CSeq: 18153 INVITE
Contact: <sip:[email protected];user=phone>
User-Agent: Audiocodes-Sip-Gateway/MP-108 FXS/v.4.20.299.410
Supported: 100rel,em
Accept-Language: en
Allow: REGISTER,OPTIONS,INVITE,ACK,CANCEL,BYE,NOTIFY,PRACK,REFER,INFO
Content-Type: application/sdp
Content-Length: 208
v=0
o=AudiocodesGW 18132 74003 IN IP4 10.8.201.108
s=Phone-Call
c=IN IP4 10.8.201.108
t=0 0
m=audio 4000 RTP/AVP 8 96
a=rtpmap:8 pcma/8000
a=rtpmap:96 telephone-event/8000
a=fmtp:96 0-15
a=ptime:20
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F2 10.8.201.10 ==> 10.8.201.108 Trying
SIP/2.0 100 Trying
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.8.201.108;branch=z9hG4bKacsiJkDGd
From: <sip:[email protected]>;tag=1c5354
To: <sip:[email protected]>
Call-ID: [email protected]
Server: Audiocodes-Sip-Gateway/TrunkPack 1610/v.4.20.299.412
CSeq: 18153 INVITE
Content-Length: 0
F3 10.8.201.10 ==> 10.8.201.108 180 Ringing
SIP/2.0 180 Ringing
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.8.201.108;branch=z9hG4bKacsiJkDGd
From: <sip:[email protected]>;tag=1c5354
To: <sip:[email protected]>;tag=1c7345
Call-ID: [email protected]
Server: Audiocodes-Sip-Gateway/TrunkPack 1610/v.4.20.299.412
CSeq: 18153 INVITE
Supported: 100rel,em
Content-Length: 0
Note:
Phone "1000" answers the call, and sends "200 OK" message to MP gateway
10.8.201.108.
F4 10.8.201.10 ==> 10.8.201.108 200 OK
SIP/2.0 200 OK
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.8.201.108;branch=z9hG4bKacsiJkDGd
From: <sip:[email protected]>;tag=1c5354
To: <sip:[email protected]>;tag=1c7345
Call-ID: [email protected]
CSeq: 18153 INVITE
Contact: <sip:[email protected];user=phone>
Server: Audiocodes-Sip-Gateway/TrunkPack 1610/v.4.20.299.412
Supported: 100rel,em
Allow: REGISTER,OPTIONS,INVITE,ACK,CANCEL,BYE,NOTIFY,PRACK,REFER,INFO
Content-Type: application/sdp
Content-Length: 206
v=0
o=AudiocodesGW 30221 87035 IN IP4 10.8.201.10
s=Phone-Call
c=IN IP4 10.8.201.10
t=0 0
m=audio 7210 RTP/AVP 8 96
a=rtpmap:8 pcma/8000
a=ptime:20
a=rtpmap:96 telephone-event/8000
a=fmtp:96 0-15
F5 10.8.201.108 ==> 10.8.201.10 ACK
ACK sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.8.201.108;branch=z9hG4bKacZYpJWxZ
From: <sip:[email protected]>;tag=1c5354
To: <sip:[email protected]>;tag=1c7345
Call-ID: [email protected]
User-Agent: Audiocodes-Sip-Gateway/MP-108 FXS/v.4.20.299.410
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CSeq: 18153 ACK
Supported: 100rel,em
Content-Length: 0
Note:
Phone "8000" goes on-hook; gateway 10.8.201.108 sends "BYE" to gateway
10.8.201.10. Voice path is established.
F6 10.8.201.108 ==> 10.8.201.10 BYE
BYE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.8.201.108;branch=z9hG4bKacRKCVBud
From: <sip:[email protected]>;tag=1c5354
To: <sip:[email protected]>;tag=1c7345
Call-ID: [email protected]
User-Agent: Audiocodes-Sip-Gateway/MP-108 FXS/v.4.20.299.410
CSeq: 18154 BYE
Supported: 100rel,em
Content-Length: 0F7 10.2.37.10 ==> 10.2.37.20
200 OK
F7 10.8.201.10 ==> 10.8.201.108 200 OK
SIP/2.0 200 OK
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.8.201.108;branch=z9hG4bKacRKCVBud
From: <sip:[email protected]>;tag=1c5354
To: <sip:[email protected]>;tag=1c7345
Call-ID: [email protected]
Server: Audiocodes-Sip-Gateway/TrunkPack 1610/v.4.20.299.412
CSeq: 18154 BYE
Supported: 100rel,em
Content-Length: 0
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8.12 SIP Authentication Example
Mediant 2000 gateway supports basic and digest authentication types, according to SIP RFC
3261 standard. A proxy server might require authentication before forwarding an INVITE
message. A Registrar/Proxy server may also require authentication for client registration. A proxy
replies to an unauthenticated INVITE with a 407 Proxy Authorization Required response,
containing a Proxy-Authenticate header with the form of the challenge. After sending an ACK for
the 407, the User Agent can then resend the INVITE with a Proxy-Authorization header
containing the credentials.
User Agent, Redirect or Registrar servers typically use 401 Unauthorized responses to challenge
authentication containing a WWW-Authenticate header, and expect the re-INVITE to contain an
Authorization header.
The following example describes the Digest Authentication procedure including computation of
User Agent credentials.
The REGISTER request is sent to Registrar/Proxy server for registration, as follows:
REGISTER sip:10.2.2.222 SIP/2.0
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.1.1.200
From: <sip: [email protected]>;tag=1c17940
To: <sip: [email protected]>
Call-ID: [email protected]
User-Agent: Audiocodes-Sip-Gateway/TrunkPack 1610/v.4.20.299.412
CSeq: 1 REGISTER
Contact: sip:[email protected]:
Expires:3600
On receiving this request the Registrar/Proxy returns 401 Unauthorized response.
SIP/2.0 401 Unauthorized
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.2.1.200
From: <sip:[email protected] >;tag=1c17940
To: <sip:[email protected] >
Call-ID: [email protected]
Cseq: 1 REGISTER
Date: Mon, 30 Jul 2001 15:33:54 GMT
Server: Columbia-SIP-Server/1.17
Content-Length: 0
WWW-Authenticate: Digest realm="audiocodes.com",
nonce="11432d6bce58ddf02e3b5e1c77c010d2",
stale=FALSE,
algorithm=MD5
According to the sub-header present in the WWW-Authenticate header the correct REGISTER
request is formed.
Since the algorithm used is MD5, take:
The username from the ini file: M2K-AudioCodes
The realm return by the proxy: audiocodes.com
The password from the ini file: AudioCodes.
The equation to be evaluated: (according to RFC this part is called A1).
“M2K-AudioCodes:audiocodes.com:AudioCodes”.
The MD5 algorithm is run on this equation and stored for future usage.
The result is: “a8f17d4b41ab8dab6c95d3c14e34a9e1”
Next we need to evaluate the par called A2. We take:
The method type “REGISTER”
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Using SIP protocol “sip”
8. Gateway Capabilities Description
Proxy IP from ini file “10.2.2.222”
The equation to be evaluated:
“REGISTER:sip:10.2.2.222”.
The MD5 algorithm is run on this equation and stored for future usage.
The result is:”a9a031cfddcb10d91c8e7b4926086f7e”
The final stage:
The A1 result
The nonce from the proxy response: “11432d6bce58ddf02e3b5e1c77c010d2”
The A2 result
The equation to be evaluated:
“A1:11432d6bce58ddf02e3b5e1c77c010d2:A2”.
The MD5 algorithm is run on this equation. The outcome of the calculation is the response
needed by the gateway to be able top register with the Proxy.
The response is: “b9c45d0234a5abf5ddf5c704029b38cf”
At this time a new REGISTER request is issued with the response:
REGISTER sip:10.2.2.222 SIP/2.0
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.1.1.200
From: <sip: [email protected]>;tag=1c23940
To: <sip: [email protected]>
Call-ID: [email protected]
Server: Audiocodes-Sip-Gateway/TrunkPack 1610/v.4.20.299.412
CSeq: 1 REGISTER
Contact: sip:[email protected]:
Expires:3600
Authorization: Digest, Username: MP108-AudioCodes,
realm="audiocodes.com”,
nonce="11432d6bce58ddf02e3b5e1c77c010d2",
uri=”10.2.2.222”,
response=“ b9c45d0234a5abf5ddf5c704029b38cf”
On receiving this request, if accepted by the Proxy, the proxy returns a 200 OK response closing
the REGISTER transaction.
SIP/2.0 200 OK
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.1.1.200
From: <sip: [email protected]>;tag=1c23940
To: <sip: [email protected]>
Call-ID: [email protected]
Cseq: 1 REGISTER
Date: Thu, 26 Jul 2001 09:34:42 GMT
Server: Columbia-SIP-Server/1.17
Content-Length: 0
Contact: <sip:[email protected]>; expires="Thu, 26 Jul 2001 10:34:42 GMT"; action=proxy;
q=1.00
Contact: <[email protected]:>; expires="Tue, 19 Jan 2038 03:14:07 GMT"; action=proxy;
q=0.00
Expires: Thu, 26 Jul 2001 10:34:42 GMT
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8.13 Nortel IMS Specific Features and Configuration
8.13.1 SIP2PRI Gateway
ꢁ To enable Nortel’s IMS SIP2PRI gateway specific features, add the
following parameters to the ini file:
ApplicationProfile = 4444
IsProxyUsed = 1
SendInviteToProxy = 1
ProxyIP = <Proxy IP address>
EnableHold = 1
EnableTransfer = 1
EnableForward = 1
xferPrefix = $
RemovePrefix = 1
EnableRPIHeader = 1
IsDTMFUsed = 1
OutOfBandDTMFFormat = 1
DTMFTransportType = 0
AddTrunkGroupAsPrefix =1
NumberMapTel2IP = *, 1
AlwaysUseRouteTable = 1
RouteModeIP2Tel = 0
DefaultNumber = 9999000
SourceNumberMapTel2IP = 9999,0,Anonymous,0
AddIEinSetup = <IE data in (hex format), used in ISDN SETUP>
SendIEonTG = <list of Trunk Group IDs, from where the IE is sent>
Note:
The parameter ‘ApplicationProfile = 4444’ enables Nortel’s ISDN PRI specific
features.
8.13.1.1 SIP to PRI Calls
Routing IP-originated calls to PRI is performed according to a concatenation of domain name and
trunk group name. Before applying any of the routing or manipulation rules on an incoming IP
call, the SIP2PRI gateway creates a new number from the SIP INVITE message; combining the
domain name (marked in red) followed by a forward slash ‘/’ and trunk group name (marked in
blue), finally appended with the initial phone number (marked in pink). The routing rules are
applied only after the new number is created.
For example:
INVITE sip:2145551234@nortelnetworks.com:5060;norteltrkgrp=TrkGrp3;user=phone
SIP/2.0”
From the above SIP INVITE message, the following called number is created:
nortelnetworks.com/TrkGrp32145551234
Note 1: ‘norteltrkgrp’ is a hard-coded string that always precedes the trunk group
name.
Note 1: Different domain and trunk group names are supported.
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8. Gateway Capabilities Description
For the SIP2PRI gateway to be able to apply the routing rules on the combined string, the prefix
(domain name and trunk group) must previously be defined in the IP to Trunk Group Routing
table either using the Embedded Web Server (refer to screen below) or via the ini file:
Figure 8-4: IP to Trunk Group Routing Table
Via the ini file:
PSTNPrefix = nortelnetworks.com/TrkGrp3,2
Thus, in the above example, any number starting with the prefix ‘nortelnetworks.com/TrkGrp3’ is
routed to trunk group number 2.
Using the routing table, any combination of domain name and trunk group name can be routed to
any trunk group.
Note:
To route calls to the trunk group before modifying the called number, add the
parameter ‘RouteModeIP2Tel = 0’ to the ini file.
After applying the routing rule (the trunk to which the call is to be routed is already determined), it
is possible to modify the combined called number (before it is sent to the PRI ISDN) to its initial
state by removing the created prefix:
•
•
Using the ini file parameter ‘RemovePrefix = 1’; the called number is automatically modified
(by removal of the prefix) to the original called number ‘2145551234’.
Setting ‘RemovePrefix = 0’ and using the number manipulation rules (either via the
Embedded Web Server or the ini file as described below):
NumberMapIP2Tel = nortelnetworks.com/TrkGrp3,26
8.13.1.2 PRI to SIP Calls
Trunk group ID and domain name are added to the generated INVITE messages for ISDNꢀIP
calls.
For example:
INVITE sip:8795551212@nortelnetworks.com:5060;norteltrkgrp=5;user=phone
SIP/2.0
The PRI2SIP gateway sends SIP INVITE message with a trunk group number (marked in blue),
preceded by ‘norteltrkgrp’ (hard-coded string) and domain name (marked in red).
The trunk group number is automatically determined as the trunk group from which the call was
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Note:
Usually each E1/T1 span is configured as a separate trunk group.
Different Domain names, according to the originated trunk group (or E1/T1 spans), can be
determined via the Tel to IP Routing table.
To enable different domain names add the following parameters to the ini file:
AlwaysUseRouteTable = 1
IsProxyUsed = 1
AddTrunkGroupAsPrefix = 1
NumberMapTel2IP = *, 1
The parameter ‘AddTrunkGroupAsPrefix’ is set to differentiate incoming calls, based on the trunk
from where the call arrived (it is assumed that each trunk group is composed of a single trunk)
and use the Tel to IP Routing table or the Prefix parameter in the ini file to link each trunk to a
different domain name. Finally, ‘NumberMapTel2IP’ is set to remove the leftmost digit from any
called number (the previously added trunk group ID).
For example:
TrunkGroup_1 = 0/1-24
TrunkGroup_2 = 1/1-24
TrunkGroup_3 = 2/1-24
Prefix = 1, example1.domain
Prefix = 2, example2.domain
Prefix = 3, example3.domain
In the example above, all calls that are originated in trunk 1 (associated with trunk group number
1) are sent to example1.domain. An incoming ISDN call, from trunk number 1, with called number
1234000, generates the following SIP message:
INVITE sip:[email protected];norteltrkgrp=1;
8.13.1.3 Support for RPI Header
Support for Remote Party ID (RPI) header containing proprietary RPI-TON, RPI-NPI, privacy and
screening parameters (EnableRPIHeader = 1).
Configuration of NPI/TON
Configuration of the calling number’s NPI/TON values for outgoing IPꢀISDN calls. If the calling
number’s NPI/TON values aren’t provided in the Remote-Party-ID (RPID) header (received with
the INVITE message) and are also not configured in the source number IP to Tel Manipulation
table, then the calling number NPI/TON is set equal to the called number’s NPI/TON.
NPI/TON values for the called number are defined in the RPID header or set by Number
manipulation rules. If both are defined, the latter takes precedence over the former.
ꢁ To configure a specific called number NPI/TON according to domain
name and trunk group, take these 2 steps:
1. Define RemovePrefix = 0, forcing the called number to include, as prefix, the Domain name
and Trunk Group (this prefix can be used to define specific NPI/TON values), for example:
nortelnetworks.com/TrunkGroup32145551234
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8. Gateway Capabilities Description
2. Use the number manipulation table (exemplified below) to assign NPI/TON values according
to the number’s prefix:
NumberMapIP2TEL= nortelnetworks.com/TrunkGroup3,30,$$,$$,1,2
In the above example, all numbers starting with the ‘nortelnetworks.com/TrunkGroup3’
string, are modified; the first 30 characters in this prefix string (domain and trunk group
names) are erased, and the NPI/TON are set to 1/2 respectively.
Note:
The $$ signs represent the empty parameters ‘Prefix to add’ and ‘Number of
digits to leave’.
8.13.1.4 Transfer
To differentiate transferred calls (using the REFER method) from incoming ISDN calls, add the
following parameter to the ini file: xferPrefix = $; the parameter adds the ‘$’ sign (or any other
string) as a prefix to the transferred called number. The added string can be later removed using
the number manipulation rule.
Note:
When using the PRI2SIP gateway, the NumberMapTel2IP = *, 1 manipulation
rule is used. This manipulation rule also applies to transferred calls,
corrupting the number by removing its first digit. Therefore, use the xferPrefix
= $ parameter to prepend a single character to the transferred number so that
the manipulation table only removes the added character without altering the
original number.
8.13.1.5 Other Nortel Specific Parameters
If the parameter ‘EarlyAnswerTimeout’ > 0 and Q.931 CONNECT was not received from ISDN for
‘EarlyAnswerTimeout’, the Mediant 2000 responds with 200 OK.
Asserted-Identity header is ignored, if received by Mediant 2000 gateway in INVITE message and
if ‘ApplicationProfile = 4444’.
Mediant 2000 gateway doesn’t include the Called Number Remoty-Party-ID header in INVITE (for
ISDNꢀIP calls) if ‘ApplicationProfile = 4444’.
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8.13.2 SIP2CAS (Call Pilot) Gateway
ꢁ To enable SIP2CAS gateway specific features, take these 2 steps:
1. Add the following parameters to the ini file:
ApplicationProfile=1
IsProxyUsed = 1
SendInviteToProxy = 1
ProxyIP = <Proxy IP address>
EnableHold = 1
EnableTransfer = 1
EnableForward = 1
EnableNortelHeader = 1
ProtocolType = 2
IsDTMFUsed = 1
OutOfBandDTMFFormat = 1
DTMFTransportType = 0
TimeForReorderTone = 10
PlayRBToneonXfer = 1
2. Load the specific Ground Start CAS .dat file (supplied with the software package).
8.13.2.1 Supported Features
•
Proprietary header in SIP 180 Ringing response, containing information about the trunk’s
physical port and timeslot which were seized to place the call. For example:
SIP/2.0 180 Ringing
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.8.1.15
From: sip:[email protected];tag=1c14356
To: sip:[email protected];tag=1c29285
Call-ID: [email protected]
CSeq: 1 INVITE Supported: 100rel,em
Channel: interface=0;timeslot=1
Content-Length: 0
•
When hook-flash is detected, the CAS gateway plays a dial tone and collects DTMF digits.
The call is then transferred using a SIP REFER message:
REFER sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.8.8.52;branch=z9hG4bKacdLIaZOe
From: sip:[email protected];tag=1c16026
To: <sip:[email protected]>;tag=1c10947
Call-ID: [email protected]
CSeq: 36026 REFER
Contact: 1001 <sip:[email protected]>
Supported: 100rel,em
Max-Forwards: 70
Refer-To: sip:[email protected]
Referred-By: sip:[email protected]
Content-Length: 0
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8. Gateway Capabilities Description
•
If the call transfer fails, the gateway either plays a busy tone (if the destination client to whom
the call is transferred is busy) or it plays a reorder tone (for all other reasons). The tone is
played for 10 seconds (TimeForReorderTone=10) towards the CallPilot.
Usually, the CallPilot detects these Call Progress Tones and either disconnects the call or
unholds it using double hook-flash signaling. If the CallPilot doesn’t react to these tones, the
gateway releases the call, and idle the CAS A/B bit state.
•
•
•
If the call transfer fails (if user B is busy, for instance), detection of a double hook-flash from
the CAS side unholds the call and retrieves the original call (using reINVITE).
If the call transfer succeeds, the gateway plays a Ringback tone for ‘TimeForReorder’ (about
10 seconds) and tears down the call. To play the Ringback tone set ‘PlayRBToneonXfer=1’.
Disabling the B-channel – If DTMF digits aren’t received from the CallPilot after applying a
dial tone to the CAS side (usually for 30 seconds, i.e., the duration of a dial tone), the
gateway’s B-channel converts to ‘Block’ state. During ‘Block’ state, the channel is put out of
service and is not used for IPꢀTel calls. To enable the B-channel, apply CAS A/B idle state
(0,1) from the CallPilot side.
8.13.3 DTMF Configuration
To use out of band SIP INFO messages to relay DTMF digits, add the following parameters to the
ini file.
IsDTMFUsed = 1
OutOfBandDTMFFormat = 1
RxDTMFOption = 0
To use RFC 2833 DTMF relay, add the following parameters to the ini file.
IsDTMFUsed = 0
TxDTMFOption = 4
RxDTMFOption = 3
DTMFTransportType = 3
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Reader’s Notes
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9. Diagnostics
9 Diagnostics
Several diagnostic tools are provided, enabling you to identify correct functioning of the Mediant
2000, or an error condition with a probable cause and a solution or workaround.
•
Front panel indicator LEDs on the Mediant 2000. The location and functionality of the front
•
•
9.1 Mediant 2000 Self-Testing
The Mediant 2000 features two self-testing modes: rapid and detailed.
Rapid self-test mode is invoked each time the media gateway completes the initialization
process. This is a short test phase in which the only error detected and reported is failure in
initializing hardware components. All Status and Error reports in this self-test phase are reported
through Network Interface ports, as well as indicated by the LED Status Indicators.
Detailed self-test mode is invoked when initialization of the media gateway is completed and if
the configuration parameter EnableDiagnostics is set to 1 (this parameter can be configured
through the ini file mechanism). In this mode, the media gateway tests all the hardware
components (memory, DSP, etc.), outputs the status of the test results, and ends the test. To
continue operational running, reset the media gateway again but this time configure the
EnableDiagnostics parameter to 0.
9.2 Syslog Support
Syslog protocol is an event notification protocol that enables a machine to send event notification
messages across IP networks to event message collectors -also known as Syslog servers.
Syslog protocol is defined in the IETF RFC 3164 standard.
Since each process, application and operating system was written independently, there is little
uniformity to Syslog messages. For this reason, no assumption is made on the contents of the
messages other than the minimum requirements of its priority.
Syslog uses UDP as its underlying transport layer mechanism. The UDP port that was assigned
to Syslog is 514
The Syslog message is transmitted as an ASCII (American Standard Code for Information
Interchange) message. The message starts with a leading "<" ('less-than' character), followed by
a number, which is followed by a ">" ('greater-than' character). This is optionally followed by a
single ASCII space.
The number described above is known as the Priority and represents both the Facility and
Severity as described below. The Priority number consists of one, two, or three decimal integers.
For example:
<37> Oct 11 16:00:15 mymachine su: 'su root' failed for lonvick on /dev/pts/8
Note that when NTP is enabled, a timestamp string [hour:minutes:seconds] is added to all Syslog
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9.2.1 Syslog Servers
Users can use the provided Syslog server (ACSyslog08.exe) or other third-party Syslog servers.
Examples of Syslog servers available as shareware on the Internet:
•
•
•
•
Kiwi Enterprises: http://www.kiwisyslog.com/
The US CMS Server: http://uscms.fnal.gov/hanlon/uscms_server/
TriAction Software: http://www.triaction.nl/Products/SyslogDaemon.asp
Netal SL4NT 2.1 Syslog Daemon: http://www.netal.com
A typical Syslog server application enables filtering of the messages according to priority, IP
sender address, time, date, etc.
9.2.2 Operation
9.2.2.1 Sending the Syslog Messages
The Syslog client, embedded in the firmware of the Mediant 2000, sends error reports/events
generated by the Mediant 2000 unit application to a Syslog server, using IP/UDP protocol.
9.2.2.2 Setting the Syslog Server
ꢁ To set the Syslog server:
•
Use the Mediant 2000 Embedded Web Server (Advanced Configuration>Network
Settings>screen section Syslog Settings) to enable the Syslog Server (Enable Syslog) and
Figure 9-1: Setting the Syslog Server IP Address
•
Alternately, use the Embedded Web Server or the BootP/TFTP utility to load the ini
configuration file containing both the IP address and the enabling parameters:
SyslogServerIP and EnableSyslog respectively. For detailed information on the BootP/TFTP
9.2.2.3 The ini File Example for Syslog
SyslogServerIP and an example configuration for the client activation parameter EnableSyslog.
Figure 9-2: The ini File Example for Syslog
[Syslog]
SyslogServerIP = 10.2.0.136
EnableSyslog = 1
GWDebugLevel = 5
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10. BootP/DHCP Support
10 BootP/DHCP Support
10.1 Startup Process
(physically or from the Web / SNMP) and ends when the operational software is running. In the
startup process, the network parameters, software and configuration files are obtained.
After the gateway powers up or after it is physically reset, it broadcasts a BootRequest message
to the network. If it receives a reply (from a BootP server), it changes its network parameters (IP
address, subnet mask and default gateway address) to the values provided. If there is no reply
from a BootP server and if DHCP is enabled (DHCPEnable = 1), the gateway initiates a standard
DHCP procedure to configure its network parameters.
After changing the network parameters, the gateway attempts to load the cmp and various
configuration files from the TFTP server’s IP address, received from the BootP/DHCP servers. If
a TFTP server’s IP address isn’t received, the gateway attempts to load the software (cmp) file
and / or configuration files from a preconfigured TFTP server (refer to the parameters ‘IniFileURL’
parameters from BootP or DHCP servers and its software and configuration files from a different
TFTP server (preconfigured in ini file).
If BootP/DHCP servers are not found or when the gateway is reset from the Web / SNMP, it
retains its network parameters and attempts to load the software (cmp) file and / or configuration
files from a preconfigured TFTP server.
If a preconfigured TFTP server doesn’t exist, the gateway operates using the existing software
and configuration files loaded on its non-volatile memory.
Note that after the operational software runs, if DHCP is configured, the gateway attempts to
renew its lease with the DHCP server.
Note 1: Though DHCP and BootP servers are very similar in operation, the DHCP
server includes some differences that could prevent its operation with BootP
clients. However, many DHCP servers, such as Windows™ NT DHCP server,
are backward-compatible with BootP protocol and can be used for gateway
configuration.
Note 2: The time duration between BootP/DHCP requests is set to 1 second by
default. This can be changed by the BootPDelay ini file parameter. Also, the
number of requests is 3 by default and can be changed by BootPRetries ini
file parameter. (Both parameters can also be set using the BootP command
line switches).
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Figure 10-1: Mediant 2000 Startup Process
Reset from the Web
Interface or SNMP
Physical Reset
DHCP
x times
BootP
x times
No
Response
No
Response
BootP Response
DHCP Response
Update network
parameters from
BootP/DHCP reply
BootP/DHCP
reply contains firmware
file name?
No
Yes
Download
firmware via
TFTP
BootP/DHCP
reply contains ini file
name?
BootP/DHCP
reply contains ini file
name?
No
Preconfigured firmware
URL?
Yes
Yes
Download
firmware via
TFTP
Yes
No
Device
reset
No
Preconfigured ini file
URL?
Yes
Download
configuration
files via TFTP
No
Run operational software
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10. BootP/DHCP Support
10.2 DHCP Support
When the gateway is configured to use DHCP (DHCPEnable = 1), it attempts to contact the
enterprise’s DHCP server to obtain the networking parameters (IP address, subnet mask, default
gateway, primary/secondary DNS server and SIP server address). These network parameters
have a "time limit". After the time limit expires, the gateway must "renew" its lease from the DHCP
server.
Note that if the DHCP server denies the use of the gateway's current IP address and specifies a
different IP address (according to RFC 1541), the gateway must change its networking
parameters. If this happens while calls are in progress, they are not automatically rerouted to the
new network address (since this function is beyond the scope of a VoIP gateway). Therefore,
administrators are advised to configure DHCP servers to allow renewal of IP addresses.
Note: If the gateway's network cable is disconnected and reconnected, a DHCP renewal is
performed (to verify that the gateway is still connected to the same network).
When DHCP is enabled, the gateway also includes its product name (e.g., ‘Mediant 2000’) in the
DHCP ‘option 60’ Vendor Class Identifier. The DHCP server can use this product name to assign
an IP address accordingly.
Note: After power-up, the gateway issues two DHCP requests. Only in the second request, the
DHCP ‘option 60’ is contained. If the gateway is reset from the Web/SNMP, only a single DHCP
request containing ‘option 60’ is sent.
If DHCP procedure is used, the new gateway IP address, allocated by the DHCP server, must be
detected.
Note:
If, during operation, the IP address of the gateway is changed as a result of a
DHCP renewal, the gateway is automatically reset.
ꢁ To detect the gateway’s IP address, follow one of the procedures
below:
•
Starting with Bootload software version 1.92, the gateway can use host name in the DHCP
request. The host name is set to acl_nnnnn, where nnnnn stands for the gateway’s serial
number (the serial number is equal to the last 6 digits of the MAC address converted from
Hex to decimal). If the DHCP Server registers this host name to a DNS server, the user can
access the gateway (through a Web browser) using a URL of http://acl_<serial number>
(instead of using the gateway’s IP address). For example, if the gateway’s MAC address is
00908f010280, the DNS name is acl_66176.
•
•
After physically resetting the gateway its IP address is displayed in the ‘Client Info’ column in
the BootP/TFTP configuration utility (refer to Figure B-1 on page 191).
Contact your System Administrator.
10.3 BootP Support
10.3.1 Upgrading the Mediant 2000
When upgrading the Mediant 2000 (loading new software onto the gateway) using the
BootP/TFTP configuration utility:
•
From version 4.2 to version 4.4, the device loses its configuration. Therefore, to retain the
previous gateway configuration you must save the ini file before you replace the cmp file,
and reload it to the device. For information on backing up and restoring the gateway’s
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•
From version 4.4 to version 4.4 or to any higher version, the device retains its configuration
(ini file), however, the auxiliary files (CPT, logo, etc.) may be erased.
When using the Software Upgrade wizard, available through the Web Interface (refer to Section
Note: To save the cmp file to non-volatile memory, use the -fb command line switches. If the file
is not saved, the gateway reverts to the old version of software after the next reset. For
10.3.2 Vendor Specific Information Field
The Mediant 2000 uses the vendor specific information field in the BootP request to provide
device-related initial startup information. The BootP/TFTP configuration utility displays this
Note: This option is not available on DHCP servers.
The Vendor Specific Information field is disabled by default. To enable / disable this feature: set
Table 10-1: Vendor Specific Information Field
Tag #
Description
Value
Length
#02 = IPM-1610/TP-1610
#03 = IPMTP260
220
Board Type
1
#05 = IPMTP260
221
222
223
Current IP Address
XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX
X.XX
4
4
Burned Boot Software Version
Burned cmp Software Version
XXXXXXXXXXXX
12
0 – 31
(TP-260 Only)
224
Geographical Address
1
0 – 31
(TP-260 Only)
225
229
Chassis Geographical Address
E&M
1
1
N/A
module with IP Address 10.2.70.1.
Table 10-2: Structure of the Vendor Specific Information Field
Vendor-
Specific
Information
Code
42
12
220
1
2
225
1
1
221
4
10
2
70
1
255
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11. SNMP-Based Management
11 SNMP-Based Management
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a standard-based network control protocol
used to manage elements in a network. The SNMP Manager (usually implemented by a Network
Manager (NM) or an Element Manager (EM)) connects to an SNMP Agent (embedded on a
remote Network Element (NE)) to perform network element Operation, Administration and
Maintenance (OAM).
Both the SNMP Manager and the NE refer to the same database to retrieve information or
configure parameters. This database is referred to as the Management Information Base (MIB),
and is a set of statistical and control values. Apart from the standard MIBs documented in IETF
RFCs, SNMP additionally enables the use of private MIBs, containing a non-standard information
set (specific functionality provided by the NE).
Directives, issued by the SNMP Manager to an SNMP Agent, consist of the identifiers of SNMP
variables (referred to as MIB object identifiers or MIB variables) along with instructions to either
get the value for that identifier, or set the identifier to a new value (configuration). The SNMP
Agent can also send unsolicited events towards the EM, called SNMP traps.
The definitions of MIB variables supported by a particular agent are incorporated in descriptor
files, written in Abstract Syntax Notation (ASN.1) format, made available to EM client programs so
that they can become aware of MIB variables and their use.
The device contains an embedded SNMP Agent supporting both general network MIBs (such as
the IP MIB), VoP-specific MIBs (such as RTP) and our proprietary MIBs (acBoard, acGateway,
acAlarm and other MIBs), enabling a deeper probe into the inter-working of the device. All
supported MIB files are supplied to customers as part of the release.
11.1 About SNMP
11.1.1 SNMP Message Standard
Four types of SNMP messages are defined:
•
•
Get - A request that returns the value of a named object.
Get-Next - A request that returns the next name (and value) of the ‘next’ object supported by
a network device given a valid SNMP name.
•
•
Set - A request that sets a named object to a specific value.
Trap - A message generated asynchronously by network devices. It is an unsolicited
message from an agent to the manager.
Each of these message types fulfills a particular requirement of Network Managers:
•
•
•
Get Request - Specific values can be fetched via the ‘get’ request to determine the
performance and state of the device. Typically, many different values and parameters can be
determined via SNMP without the overhead associated with logging into the device, or
establishing a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection with the device.
Get Next Request - Enables the SNMP standard network managers to ‘walk’ through all
SNMP values of a device (via the ‘get-next’ request) to determine all names and values that
an operant device supports. This is accomplished by beginning with the first SNMP object to
be fetched, fetching the next name with a ‘get-next’, and repeating this operation.
Set Request - The SNMP standard provides a method of effecting an action associated with
a device (via the ‘set’ request) to accomplish activities such as disabling interfaces,
disconnecting users, clearing registers, etc. This provides a way of configuring and
controlling network devices via SNMP.
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•
Trap Message - The SNMP standard furnishes a mechanism by which devices can ‘reach
out’ to a Network Manager on their own (via a ‘trap’ message) to notify or alert the manager
of a problem with the device. This typically requires each device on the network to be
configured to issue SNMP traps to one or more network devices that are awaiting these
traps.
The above message types are all encoded into messages referred to as Protocol Data Units
(PDUs) that are interchanged between SNMP devices.
11.1.2 SNMP MIB Objects
The SNMP MIB is arranged in a tree-structured fashion, similar in many ways to a disk directory
structure of files. The top level SNMP branch begins with the ISO ‘internet’ directory, which
contains four main branches:
•
•
•
The ‘mgmt’ SNMP branch - Contains the standard SNMP objects usually supported (at least
in part) by all network devices.
The ‘private’ SNMP branch - Contains those ‘extended’ SNMP objects defined by network
equipment vendors.
The ‘experimental’ and ‘directory’ SNMP branches - Also defined within the ‘internet’ root
directory, these branches are usually devoid of any meaningful data or objects.
The ‘tree’ structure described above is an integral part of the SNMP standard, though the most
pertinent parts of the tree are the ‘leaf’ objects of the tree that provide actual management data
regarding the device. Generally, SNMP leaf objects can be partitioned into two similar but slightly
different types that reflect the organization of the tree structure:
•
Discrete MIB Objects - Contain one precise piece of management data. These objects are
often distinguished from ‘Table’ items (below) by adding a ‘.0’ (dot-zero) extension to their
names. The operator must merely know the name of the object and no other information.
•
Table MIB Objects - Contain multiple sections of management data. These objects are
distinguished from ‘Discrete’ items (above) by requiring a ‘.’ (dot) extension to their names
that uniquely distinguishes the particular value being referenced. The ‘.’ (dot) extension is the
‘instance’ number of an SNMP object. For ‘Discrete’ objects, this instance number is zero.
For ‘Table’ objects, this instance number is the index into the SNMP table. SNMP tables are
special types of SNMP objects which allow parallel arrays of information to be supported.
Tables are distinguished from scalar objects, so that tables can grow without bounds. For
example, SNMP defines the ‘ifDescr’ object (as a standard SNMP object) that indicates the
text description of each interface supported by a particular device. Since network devices
can be configured with more than one interface, this object can only be represented as an
array.
By convention, SNMP objects are always grouped in an ‘Entry’ directory, within an object with a
‘Table’ suffix. (The ‘ifDescr’ object described above resides in the ‘ifEntry’ directory contained in
the ‘ifTable’ directory).
11.1.3 SNMP Extensibility Feature
One of the principal components of an SNMP manager is a MIB Compiler which allows new MIB
objects to be added to the management system. When a MIB is compiled into an SNMP
manager, the manager is made ‘aware’ of new objects that are supported by agents on the
network. The concept is similar to adding a new schema to a database.
Typically, when a MIB is compiled into the system, the manager creates new folders or directories
that correspond to the objects. These folders or directories can typically be viewed with a MIB
Browser, which is a traditional SNMP management tool incorporated into virtually all Network
Management Systems.
The act of compiling the MIB allows the manager to know about the special objects supported by
the agent and access these objects as part of the standard object set.
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11. SNMP-Based Management
11.2 Carrier Grade Alarm System
The basic alarm system has been extended to a carrier-grade alarm system. A carrier-grade
alarm system provides a reliable alarm reporting mechanism that takes into account EMS
outages, network outages, and transport mechanism such as SNMP over UDP.
A carrier-grade alarm system is characterized by the following:
•
•
•
•
The device has a mechanism that allows a manager to determine which alarms are currently
active in the device. That is, the device maintains an active alarm table.
The device has a mechanism to allow a manager to detect lost alarm raise and clear
notifications [sequence number in trap, current sequence number MIB object].
The device has a mechanism to allow a manager to recover lost alarm raise and clear
notifications [maintains a log history].
The device sends a cold start trap to indicate that it is starting. This allows the EMS to
synchronize its view of the device's active alarms.
The SNMP alarm traps are sent as in previous releases. This system provides the mechanism for
viewing of history and current active alarm information.
11.2.1 Active Alarm Table
The device maintains an active alarm table to allow a manager to determine which alarms are
currently active in the device. Two views of the active alarm table are supported by the agent:
•
•
acActiveAlarmTable in the enterprise acAlarm
alarmActiveTable and alarmActiveVariableTable in the IETF standard ALARM-MIB (rooted in
the AC tree)
The acActiveAlarmTable is a simple, one-row per alarm table that is easy to view with a MIB
browser.
The ALARM-MIB is currently a draft standard and therefore has no OID assigned to it. In the
current software release, the MIB is rooted in the experimental MIB subtree. In a future release,
after the MIB has been ratified and an OID assigned, it is to move to the official OID.
11.2.2 Alarm History
The device maintains a history of alarms that have been raised and traps that have been cleared
to allow a manager to recover any lost, raised or cleared traps. Two views of the alarm history
table are supported by the agent:
•
•
acAlarmHistoryTable in the enterprise acAlarm
nlmLogTable and nlmLogVariableTable in the standard NOTIFICATION-LOG-MIB
As with the acActiveAlarmTable, the acAlarmHistoryTable is a simple, one-row-per-alarm table
that is easy to view with a MIB browser.
11.3 Cold Start Trap
Mediant 2000 technology supports a cold start trap to indicate that the device is starting. This
allows the manager to synchronize its view of the device's active alarms. Two different traps are
sent at start-up:
•
•
The standard coldStart trap - iso(1).org(3).dod(6).internet(1). snmpV2(6). snmpModules(3).
snmpMIB(1). snmpMIBObjects(1). snmpTraps(5). coldStart(1) - sent at system initialization.
The enterprise acBoardEvBoardStarted which is generated at the end of system
initialization. This is more of an ‘application-level’ cold start sent after the entire initializing
process is complete and all the modules are ready.
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11.4 Third-Party Performance Monitoring
Measurements
Performance measurements are available for a third-party performance monitoring system
through an SNMP interface. These measurements can be polled at scheduled intervals by an
external poller or utility in a media server or other off-device system.
The device provides two types of performance measurements:
1. Gauges: Gauges represent the current state of activities on the device. Gauges, unlike
counters, can decrease in value, and like counters, can increase. The value of a gauge is the
current value or a snapshot of the current activity on the device.
2. Counters: Counters always increase in value and are cumulative. Counters, unlike gauges,
never decrease in value unless the off-device system is reset. the counters are then zeroed.
Performance measurements are provided by three proprietary MIBs (acPerfMediaGateway,
acPerfMediaServices and acPerfH323SIPGateway). The first MIB is a generic-type of
performance measurements MIB available on all Mediant 2000 and related devices. The second
is specific to the media server, and the third is for H.323/SIP media gateways.
The generic performance measurements MIB covers:
•
•
•
Control protocol
RTP stream
System packets statistics
Performance measurement enterprise MIB supports statistics which apply to the
Proxy/Gatekeeper routing tables.
11.5 TrunkPack-VoP Series Supported MIBs
The Mediant 2000 contains an embedded SNMP Agent supporting the following MIBs:
•
Standard MIB (MIB-II) - The various SNMP values in the standard MIB are defined in RFC
1213. The standard MIB includes various objects to measure and monitor IP activity, TCP
activity, UDP activity, IP routes, TCP connections, interfaces and general system indicators.
•
RTP MIB - The RTP MIB is supported in conformance with the IETF’s RFC 2959. It contains
objects relevant to the RTP streams generated and terminated by the device and to RTCP
information related to these streams.
•
•
Trunk MIB - The Trunk MIB contains objects relevant to E1/T1 Trunk interfaces.
NOTIFICATION-LOG-MIB - This standard MIB (RFC 3014 - iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-
2) is supported as part of our implementation of carrier grade alarms.
•
ALARM-MIB - This is an IETF proposed MIB also supported as part of our implementation of
carrier grade alarms. This MIB is still not standard and is therefore under the
audioCodes.acExperimental branch.
•
•
SNMP-TARGET-MIB - This MIB is partially supported (RFC 2273). It allows for the
configuration of trap destinations and trusted managers only.
SNMP Research International Enterprise MIBs - Mediant 2000 supports two SNMP
Research International MIBs: SR-COMMUNITY-MIB and TGT-ADDRESS-MASK-MIB.
These MIBs are used in the configuration of SNMPv2c community strings and trusted
managers.
In addition to the standard MIBs, the complete series contains several proprietary MIBs:
•
acBoard MIB - This proprietary MIB contains objects related to configuration of the device
and channels, as well as to run-time information. Through this MIB, users can set up the
device configuration parameters, reset the device, monitor the device’s operational
robustness and Quality of Service during run-time, and receive traps.
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11. SNMP-Based Management
Note:
The acBoard MIB is still supported but is being replaced by five newer
proprietary MIBs.
The acBoard MIB has the following groups:
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
boardConfiguration
boardInformation
channelConfiguration
channelStatus
reset
acTrap
As noted above, five new MIBs cover the device’s general parameters. Each contains a
Configuration subtree for configuring related parameters. In some, there also are Status and
Action subtrees.
The 5 MIBs are:
1. AC-ANALOG-MIB
2. AC-CONTROL-MIB
3. AC-MEDIA-MIB
4. AC-PSTN-MIB
5. AC-SYSTEM-MIB
Other proprietary MIBs are:
•
acGateway MIB - This proprietary MIB contains objects related to configuration of the device
when applied as a SIP or H.323 media gateway only. This MIB complements the other
proprietary MIBs.
The acGateway MIB has the following groups:
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
Common - for parameters common to both SIP and H.323
SIP
- for SIP parameters only
- for H.323 parameters only
H.323
•
•
acAtm - This proprietary MIB contains objects related to configuration and status of the
device when applied as an ATM media gateway only. This MIB complements the other
proprietary MIBs.
The acAtm MIB has the following groups:
ꢁ
ꢁ
acAtmConfiguration - for configuring ATM related parameters
acAtmStatus - for the status of ATM connections
acAlarm - This is AudioCodes' proprietary carrier-grade alarm MIB. It is a simpler
implementation of the notificationLogMIB and the IETF suggested alarmMIB (both also
supported in all AudioCodes’ devices).
The acAlarm MIB has the following groups:
ꢁ
ActiveAlarm - straightforward (single-indexed) table, listing all currently active alarms,
together with their bindings (the alarm bindings are defined in acAlarm.
acAlarmVarbinds and also in acBoard.acTrap. acBoardTrapDefinitions.
oid_1_3_6_1_4_1_5003_9_10_1_21_2_0).
ꢁ
acAlarmHistory - straightforward (single-indexed) table, listing all recently raised alarms
together with their bindings (the alarm bindings are defined in acAlarm.
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acAlarmVarbinds and also in acBoard.acTrap. acBoardTrapDefinitions.
oid_1_3_6_1_4_1_5003_9_10_1_21_2_0).
The table size can be altered via
notificationLogMIB.notificationLogMIBObjects.nlmConfig.nlmConfigGlobalEntryLimit or
notificationLogMIB.notificationLogMIBObjects.nlmConfig.nlmConfigLogTable.nlm
ConfigLogEntry.nlmConfigLogEntryLimit.
The table size can be any value between 50 to 1000 and is 500 by default.
•
Traps - Full proprietary trap definitions and trap Varbinds are found in the acBoard MIB and
acAlarm MIB.
The following proprietary traps are supported in the device:
ꢁ
ꢁ
acBoardEvResettingBoard - Sent after the device is reset.
acBoardEvBoardStarted - Sent after the device is successfully restored and initialized
following reset.
ꢁ
ꢁ
acBoardTemperatureAlarm - Sent when a board exceeds its temperature limits.
acBoardConfigurationError - Sent when a device’s settings are illegal - the trap contains
a message stating/detailing/explaining the illegality of the setting.
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
acBoardFatalError - Sent whenever a fatal device error occurs.
acFeatureKeyError - Development pending. Intended to relay Feature Key errors, etc.
acgwAdminStateChange - Sent when Graceful Shutdown commences and ends.
acBoardCallResourcesAlarm - Indicates that no free channels are available.
acBoardControllerFailureAlarm - The Gatekeeper/Proxy is not found or registration
failed. Internal routing table can be used for routing.
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
acBoardEthernetLinkAlarm - Ethernet link or links are down.
acBoardOverloadAlarm - Overload in one or some of the system's components.
acActiveAlarmTableOverflow - An active alarm could not be placed in the active alarm
table because the table is full.
ꢁ
ꢁ
acAtmPortAlarm1 - ATM Port Alarm.
acAudioProvisioningAlarm1 - Raised if the Media Server is unable to provision its audio.
In addition to the listed traps, the device also supports the following standard traps:
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
dsx1LineStatusChange
coldStart
authenticationFailure
Note 1: The following are special notes pertaining to MIBs:
•
A detailed explanation of each parameter can be viewed in an SNMP browser
in the ‘MIB Description’ field.
•
•
•
Not all groups in the MIB are functional. Refer to version release notes.
Certain parameters are non-functional. Their MIB status is marked 'obsolete'.
When a parameter is set to a new value via SNMP, the change may affect
device functionality immediately or may require that the device be soft reset for
the change to take effect. This depends on the parameter type.
Note 2: The current (updated) device configuration parameters are programmed into
the device provided that the user does not load an ini file to the device after
reset. Loading an ini file after reset overrides the updated parameters.
Additional MIBs are to be supported in future releases.
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11. SNMP-Based Management
11.6 SNMP Interface Details
This section describes details of the SNMP interface that is required when developing an Element
Manager (EM) for any of the TrunkPack-VoP Series products, or to manage a device with a MIB
browser.
Currently, both SNMP and ini file commands and downloads are not encrypted. For ini file
11.6.1 SNMP Community Names
By default, the device uses a single, read-only community string of ‘public’ and a single read-write
community string of ‘private’.
Users can configure up to 5 read-only community strings and up to 5 read-write community
strings, and a single trap community string is supported:
11.6.1.1 Configuration of Community Strings via the ini File
SNMPREADONLYCOMMUNITYSTRING_<x> = '#######'
SNMPREADWRITECOMMUNITYSTRING_<x> = '#######'
where <x> is a number between 0 and 4, inclusive. Note that the '#' character represents any
alphanumeric character. The maximum length of the string is 20 characters.
11.6.1.2 Configuration of Community Strings via SNMP
To configure read-only and read-write community strings, the EM must use the srCommunityMIB.
To configure the trap community string, the EM must also use the snmpVacmMIB and the
snmpTargetMIB.
ꢁ To add a read-only community string (v2user):
•
Add a new row to the srCommunityTable with CommunityName v2user and GroupName
ReadGroup.
ꢁ To delete the read-only community string (v2user), take these 2 steps:
1. If v2user is being used as the trap community string, follow the procedure for changing the
trap community string (see below).
2. Delete the srCommunityTable row with CommunityName v2user.
ꢁ To add a read-write community string (v2admin):
•
Add a new row to the srCommunityTable with CommunityName of v2admin and GroupName
ReadWriteGroup.
ꢁ To delete the read-write community string (v2admin), take these 2
steps:
1. If v2admin is being used as the trap community string, follow the procedure for changing the
trap community string. (See below.)
2. Delete the srCommunityTable row with a CommunityName of v2admin and GroupName of
ReadWriteGroup.
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ꢁ To change the only read-write community string from v2admin to
v2mgr, take these 4 steps:
1. Follow the procedure above to add a read-write community string to a row for v2mgr.
2. Set up the EM so that subsequent ‘set’ requests use the new community string, v2mgr.
3. If v2admin is being used as the trap community string, follow the procedure to change the
trap community string (see below).
4. Follow the procedure above to delete a read-write community name in the row for v2admin.
ꢁ To change the trap community string, take these 2 steps:
(The following procedure assumes that a row already exists in the srCommunityTable for the new
trap community string. The trap community string can be part of the TrapGroup, ReadGroup or
ReadWriteGroup. If the trap community string is used solely for sending traps (recommended), it
should be made part of the TrapGroup).
1. Add a row to the vacmSecurityToGroupTable with these values: SecurityModel=2,
SecurityName=the new trap community string, GroupName=TrapGroup, ReadGroup or
ReadWriteGroup. The SecurityModel and SecurityName objects are row indices.
Note:
You must add GroupName and RowStatus on the same set.
2. Modify the SecurityName field in the sole row of the snmpTargetParamsTable.
11.6.2 Trusted Managers
By default, the agent accepts ‘get’ and ‘set’ requests from any IP address, as long as the correct
community string is used in the request. Security can be enhanced via the use of Trusted
Managers. A Trusted Manager is an IP address from which the SNMP Agent accepts and
processes ‘get’ and ‘set’ requests. An EM can be used to configure up to 5 Trusted Managers.
Note:
If Trusted Managers are defined, all community strings work from all Trusted
Managers. That is, there is no way to associate a community string with
particular trusted managers.
11.6.2.1 Configuration of Trusted Managers via ini File
To set the Trusted Mangers table from start-up, write the following in the ini file:
SNMPTRUSTEDMGR_X = D.D.D.D
where X is any integer between 0 and 4 (0 sets the first table entry, 1 sets the second, and so
on), and D is an integer between 0 and 255.
11.6.2.2 Configuration of Trusted Managers via SNMP
To configure Trusted Managers, the EM must use the srCommunityMIB, the snmpTargetMIB and
the TGT-ADDRESS-MASK-MIB.
ꢁ To add the first Trusted Manager, take these 3 steps:
(The following procedure assumes that there is at least one configured read-write community.
There are currently no Trusted Managers. The taglist for columns for all srCommunityTable rows
are currently empty).
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11. SNMP-Based Management
1. Add a row to the snmpTargetAddrTable with these values: Name=mgr0, TagList=MGR,
Params=v2cparams.
2. Add a row to the tgtAddressMaskTable table with these values: Name=mgr0,
tgtAddressMask=255.255.255.255:0. The agent does not allow creation of a row in this table
unless a corresponding row exists in the snmpTargetAddrTable.
3. Set the value of the TransportLabel field on each non-TrapGroup row in the
srCommunityTable to MGR.
ꢁ To add a subsequent Trusted Manager, take these 2 steps:
(The following procedure assumes that there is at least one configured read-write community.
There are currently one or more Trusted Managers. The taglist for columns for all rows in the
srCommunityTable are currently set to MGR. This procedure must be performed from one of the
existing Trusted Managers).
1. Add a row to the snmpTargetAddrTable with these values: Name=mgrN, TagList=MGR,
Params=v2cparams, where N is an unused number between 0 and 4.
2. Add a row to the tgtAddressMaskTable table with these values: Name=mgrN,
tgtAddressMask=255.255.255.255:0.
An alternative to the above procedure is to set the tgtAddressMask column while you are
creating other rows in the table.
ꢁ To delete a Trusted Manager (not the final one), take this step:
(The following procedure assumes that there is at least one configured read-write community.
There are currently two or more Trusted Managers. The taglist for columns for all rows in the
srCommunityTable are currently set to MGR. This procedure must be performed from one of the
existing trusted managers, but not the one that is being deleted.
•
Remove the appropriate row from the snmpTargetAddrTable.
The change takes effect immediately. The deleted trusted manager cannot access the device.
The agent automatically removes the row in the tgtAddressMaskTable.
ꢁ To delete the final Trusted Manager, take these 2 steps:
(The following procedure assumes that there is at least one configured read-write community.
There is currently only one Trusted Manager. The taglist for columns for all rows in the
srCommunityTable are currently set to MGR. This procedure must be performed from the final
Trusted Manager.
1. Set the value of the TransportLabel field on each row in the srCommunityTable to the empty
string.
2. Remove the appropriate row from the snmpTargetAddrTable
The change takes effect immediately. All managers can now access the device.
11.6.3 SNMP Ports
The SNMP Request Port is 161 and the Trap Port is 162. These ports can be changed by setting
parameters in the device ini file. The parameter name is:
SNMPPort = <port_number>
Valid UDP port number; default = 161
This parameter specifies the port number for SNMP requests and responses. Usually, it should
not be specified. Use the default.
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11.6.4 Multiple SNMP Trap Destinations
An agent can now send traps to up to five managers. For each manager, set the following
parameters defined in the snmpManagersTable in the acBoardMIB:
•
•
•
•
snmpTrapManagerSending
snmpManagerIsUsed
snmpManagerTrapPort
snmpManagerIP
When snmpManagerIsUsed is set to zero (not used), the other three parameters are set to zero.
•
•
snmpManagerIsUsed (Default = Disable(0))
The allowed values are 0 (disable or no) and 1 (enable or yes).
snmpManagerIp (Default = 0.0.0.0)
This is known as SNMPMANAGERTABLEIP in the ini file and is the IP address of the
manager.
•
•
SnmpManagerTrapPort (Default = 162)
The valid port range for this is 100-4000.
snmpManagerTrapSendingEnable (Default = Enable(1))
The allowed values are 0 (disable) and 1 (enable).
Note 1: Each of these MIB objects is independent and can be set regardless of the
state of snmpManagerIsUsed.
Note 2: If the parameter IsUsed is set to 1, the IP address for that row should be
supplied in the same SNMP PDU.
11.6.4.1 Configuration via the ini File
In the Mediant 2000 ini file, the parameters below can be set to enable or disable the sending of
SNMP traps. Multiple trap destinations can be supported on the device by setting multiple trap
destinations in the ini file.
SNMPMANAGERTRAPSENDINGENABLE_<x> = 0 or 1 indicates if traps are to be sent to the
specified SNMP trap manager. A value of ‘1’ means that it is enabled, while a value of ‘0’ means
disabled.
<x> = a number 0, 1, 2 which is the array element index. Currently, up to 5 SNMP trap managers
can be supported.
be configured to send to multiple trap destinations. The lines in the file below are commented out
with the ‘;’ at the beginning of the line. All of the lines below are commented out since the first line
character is a semi-colon.
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11. SNMP-Based Management
Figure 11-1: Example of Entries in a Device ini file Regarding SNMP
; SNMP trap destinations
; The board maintains a table of trap destinations containing 5 ;rows. The rows are
numbered 0..4. Each block of 4 items below ;apply to a row in the table.
; To configure one of the rows, uncomment all 4 lines in that ;block. Supply an IP
address and if necessary, change the port ;number.
; To delete a trap destination, set ISUSED to 0.
; -change these entries as needed
;SNMPManagerTableIP_0=
;SNMPManagerTrapPort_0=162
;SNMPManagerIsUsed_0=1
;SNMPManagerTrapSendingEnable_0=1
;
;SNMPManagerTableIP_1=
;SNMPManagerTrapPort_1=162
;SNMPManagerIsUsed_1=1
;SNMPManagerTrapSendingEnable_1=1
;
;SNMPManagerTableIP_2=
;SNMPManagerTrapPort_2=162
;SNMPManagerIsUsed_2=1
;SNMPManagerTrapSendingEnable_2=1
;
;SNMPManagerTableIP_3=
;SNMPManagerTrapPort_3=162
;SNMPManagerIsUsed_3=1
;SNMPManagerTrapSendingEnable_3=1
;
;SNMPManagerTableIP_4=
;SNMPManagerTrapPort_4=162
;SNMPManagerIsUsed_4=1
;SNMPManagerTrapSendingEnable_4=1
Note:
The same information configurable in the ini file can also be configured via
the acBoardMIB.
11.6.4.2 Configuration via SNMP
To configure trap destinations, the EM must use the snmpTargetMIB. Up to 5 trap destinations
can be configured.
ꢁ To add a trap destination:
•
Add a row to the snmpTargetAddrTable with these values:
Name=trapN, TagList=AC_TRAP, Params=v2cparams, where N is an unused number
between 0 and 4.
All changes to the trap destination configuration take effect immediately.
ꢁ To delete a trap destination:
•
Remove the appropriate row from the snmpTargetAddrTable.
ꢁ To modify a trap destination:
(You can change the IP address and/or port number for an existing trap destination. The same
effect can be achieved by removing a row and adding a new row).
•
Modify the IP address and/or port number for the appropriate row in the
snmpTargetAddrTable.
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ꢁ To disable a trap destination:
•
Change TagList on the appropriate row in the snmpTargetAddrTable to the empty string.
ꢁ To enable a trap destination:
•
Change TagList on the appropriate row in the snmpTargetAddrTable to ‘AC_TRAP’.
11.7 SNMP Manager Backward Compatibility
With support for the Multi Manager Trapping feature, the older acSNMPManagerIP MIB object,
synchronized with the first index in the snmpManagers MIB table, is also supported. This is
translated in two features:
•
SET/GET to either of the two MIB objects is identical.
i.e., as far as the SET/GET are concerned OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.5003.9.10.1.1.2.7 is identical to
OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.5003.9.10.1.1.2.21.1.1.3.
•
When setting ANY IP to the acSNMPManagerIP (this is the older parameter, not the table
parameter), two more parameters are SET to ENABLE. snmpManagerIsUsed.0 and
snmpManagerTrapSendingEnable.0 are both set to 1.
11.8 AudioCodes’ Element Management System
Using AudioCodes’ Element Management System (EMS) is recommended to Customers
requiring large deployments (multiple media gateways in globally distributed enterprise offices, for
example), that need to be managed by central personnel.
The EMS is not included in the device’s supplied package. Contact AudioCodes for detailed
information on AudioCodes’ EMS and on AudioCodes’ EVN - Enterprise VoIP Network – solution
for large VoIP deployments.
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12. Selected Technical Specifications
12 Selected Technical Specifications
Function
Specification
Trunk & Channel Capacity1
Capacity with E1
1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 E1 spans, 30, 60, 120, 240 or 480 digital channels
1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 T1 spans, 24, 48, 96, 192 or 384 digital channels
Capacity with T1
Voice & Tone Characteristics
Voice Compression
G.711 PCM at 64 kbps µ-law/A-law
G.723.1 MP-MLQ at 5.3 or 6.3 kbps
G.726 at 32 kbps ADPCM
G.729 CS-ACELP 8 Kbps Annex A / B
NetCoder at 6.4, 7.2, 8.0 and 8.8 kbps
EVRC
(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100,120 msec)
(30, 60, 90, 120 msec)
(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100,120 msec)
(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100 msec)
(20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 msec).
(20, 40, 60, 80, 100 msec).
AMR
(20 msec only)
Transparent
(20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 msec)
Silence Suppression
G.723.1 Annex A
G.729 Annex B
PCM and ADPCM: Standard Silence Descriptor (SID) with Proprietary Voice Activity
Detection (VAD) and Comfort Noise Generation (CNG)
NetCoder
Packet Loss Concealment
Echo Cancellation
G.711 appendix 1
G.723.1
G.729 a/b
G.165 and G.168 2000, configurable tail length per gateway from 32 to 128 msec
Dynamic range 0 to -25 dBm compliant with TIA 464B and Bellcore TR-NWT-000506.
DTMF Detection and
Generation
DTMF Transport (in-band)
Mute, transfer in RTP payload or relay in compliance with RFC 2833
Call Progress Tone
Detection and Generation
16 tones: single tone or dual tones, programmable frequency & amplitude; 15
frequencies in the range 300 to 1980 Hz, 1 or 2 cadences per tone, up to 2 sets of
ON/OFF periods.
Output Gain Control
Input Gain Control
-32 dB to +31 dB in steps of 1 dB
-32 dB to +31 dB in steps of 1 dB
Fax and Modem Transport Modes
Real time Fax Relay
Group 3 real-time fax relay up to 14400 bps with auto fallback
Tolerant network delay (up to 9 seconds round trip delay)
T.30 (PSTN) and T.38 (IP) compliant (real-time fax)
CNG tone detection & Relay per T.38
Answer tone (CED or AnsAm) detection & Relay per T.38
1 Capacity Limitations:
•
When the Echo Canceller’s length is set to 64 msec or more, the number of available gateway channels is reduced
by a factor of 5/6. For detailed information refer to the parameter ‘MaxEchoCancellerLength’ (Table 6-1).
•
•
When DSP template version 1 (for AMR coder) is selected, the maximum number of channels is 160 instead of 240
(rounded to full E1/T1 trunk capacity 30/24 channels per trunk).
When DSP template version 2 (for EVRC coder) is selected, the maximum number of channels is 120 instead of 240
(rounded to full E1/T1 trunk capacity 30/24 channels per trunk).
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Table 12-1: Mediant 2000 Selected Technical Specifications (continues on pages 183 to 185)
Function
Specification
Fax Transparency
Automatic fax bypass (pass-through) to G.711, ADPCM or NSE bypass mode
Modem Transparency
Automatic switching (pass-through) to PCM, ADPCM or NSE bypass mode for modem
signals (V.34 or V.90 modem detection)
Protocols
SIP - RFC 3261
VoIP Signaling Protocol
Communication Protocols RTP/RTCP packetization.
IP stack (UDP, TCP, RTP).
Remote Software load (TFTP & BootP support).
Telephony Protocols
In-Band Signaling
PRI (ETSI Euro ISDN, ANSI NI2, 4/5ESS, DMS 100, QSIG Basic Call, Japan INS1500,
Australian Telecom, New Zealand Telecom, Hong Kong Variant, Korean MIC)
E1/T1 CAS protocols: MFC R2, E&M wink start,
Immediate start, delay start, loop start, ground start,
Feature Group B, D for E1/T1
DTMF (TIA 464A)
MF-R1, MFC R2
User-defined Call Progress Tones
Interfaces
Telephony Interface
Network Interface
1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 E1/T1/J1 Balanced 120/100 ohm
Two 10/100 Base-TX, half or full duplex with auto-negotiation
LED Indicators
LED Indications on Front
Panel
Power, ACT/Fail, T1/E1 status, LAN status, Swap ready indication
Connectors & Switches
Rear Panel
Trunks
1 to 8 and 9 to 16
Two 50-pin female Telco connectors (DDK57AE-40500-21D) or 8 RJ-48c connectors
for trunks 1 to 8 only
Ethernet 1 and 2
AC Power
Two 10/100 Base-TX, RJ-45 shielded connectors
Standard IEC320 Appliance inlet.
Option for a dual (fully redundant) power supply.
DC Power
2-pin terminal block (screw connection type) suitable for field wiring
applications connecting DC Power connector: MSTB2.5/2-STF (5.08 mm) from
Phoenix Contact.
Bonding and earthing: A 6-32-UNC screw is provided. Correct ring terminal and 16
AWG wire minimum must be used for connection.
Or crimp connection shown below.
Note that to meet UL approvals, users must fulfill the criteria below.
2-pin terminal block (crimp connection type) comprising a Phoenix Contact
Adaptor: Shroud:
Contacts:
MSTBC2,5/2-STZF-5,08.
MSTBC-MT0,5-1,0
Cable requirement:
18 AWG x 1.5 m length.
Physical
AC Power Supply
Universal 90 to 260 VAC 1A max, 47-63 Hz
Option for a dual redundant power supply.
DC Power Supply (optional) 36 to 72 VDC (nominal 48 VDC), 4A max, floating input
Environmental (DC)
Operation Temp:
Short Term Operation Temp (per NEBS):
Storage:
Humidity:
0° to 40° C / 32° to 104° F
0° to 55° C / 32° to 131° F
-40° to 70° C / -40° to 158° F
10 to 90% non-condensing
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12. Selected Technical Specifications
Table 12-1: Mediant 2000 Selected Technical Specifications (continues on pages 183 to 185)
Function
Specification
Environmental (AC)
Operation Temp:
Storage:
Humidity:
0° to 40° C / 32° to 104° F
-40° to 70° C / -40° to 158° F
10 to 90% non-condensing
Hot Swap
cPCI cards are full hot swap supported
Power supplies are redundant but not hot swappable
Enclosure Dimensions
Installation
445 x 44 x 300 mm; 17.5 x 1.75 x 12 inch.
1U 19-inch 2-slot cPCI chassis, Rack mount, shelf or desk top.
Rack mount with 2 side brackets, option 2 extra (rear) side brackets.
Type Approvals
Telecommunication
Standards
IC CS03; FCC part 68
Chassis and Host telecom card are approved to the following telecom standards: IC
CS03; FCC part 68; CTR 4, CTR 12 & CTR 13; JATE; Anatel, Mexico Telecom, Russia
CCC, ASIF S016, ASIF S038.
Safety and EMC Standards UL 60 950-1, FCC part 15 Class B, (Class A with Sun 2080 CPU card)
CE Mark (EN 55022 Class B (Class A with Sun 2080 CPU card), EN 60950-1, EN
55024, EN 300 386), TS001
Environmental
NEBS Level 3: GR-63-Core, GR-1089-Core, Type 1 & 3. Approved for DC powered
version.
Complies with ETS 301019; ETS 300019-1, -2, -3. (T 1.1, T 2.3, T3.2). Approved for
AudioCodes or DC powered versions.
Diagnostics
Front panel Status LEDs
E1/T1 status
LAN status
Gateway status (Fail, ACT, Power, and Swap Ready).
Syslog events
Supported by Syslog Server, per RFC 3164 IETF standard.
SNMP v2c
SNMP MIBs and Traps
All specifications in this document are subject to change without prior notice.
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Reader's Notes
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A. Mediant 2000 SIP Software Kit
Appendix A Mediant 2000 SIP Software Kit
supplied documentation includes this User’s Manual, the Mediant 2000 Fast Track and the
Mediant 2000 & TP-1610 SIP Release Notes.
Table A-1: Mediant 2000 SIP Supplied Software Kit
File Name
Description
Ram.cmp file
Mediant_SIP_xxx.cmp
Image file containing the software for the Mediant 2000 gateway.
ini files and utilities
Mediant_T1.ini
Sample ini file for Mediant 2000 E1 gateways.
Sample ini file for Mediant 2000 T1 gateways.
Default loadable Call Progress Tones dat file.
Call progress Tones ini file (used to create dat file).
Default loadable Voice Prompts dat file.
Mediant_E1.ini
Usa_tones_xx.dat
Usa_tones_xx.ini
voice_prompts.dat
DConvert240.exe
TrunkPack Downloadable Conversion Utility
Syslog server.
ACSyslog08.exe
bootp.exe
BootP/TFTP configuration utility
CAS Protocol Files
MIB Files
Used for various signaling types, such as E_M_WinkTable.dat.
MIB library for SNMP browser
CAS Capture Tool
ISDN Capture Tool
Utility that is used to convert CAS traces to textual form.
Utility that is used to convert ISDN traces to textual form.
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B. The BootP/TFTP Configuration Utility
Appendix B The BootP/TFTP Configuration Utility
The BootP/TFTP utility enables you to easily configure and provision our boards and media
gateways. Similar to third-party BootP/TFTP utilities (which are also supported) but with added
functionality; our BootP/TFTP utility can be installed on Windows™ 98 or Windows™
NT/2000/XP. The BootP/TFTP utility enables remote reset of the device to trigger the initialization
procedure (BootP and TFTP). It contains BootP and TFTP utilities with specific adaptations to our
requirements.
B.1 When to Use the BootP/TFTP
The BootP/TFTP utility can be used with the device as an alternative means of initializing the
gateways. Initialization provides a gateway with an IP address, subnet mask, and the default
gateway IP address. The tool also loads default software, ini and other configuration files. BootP
Tool can also be used to restore a gateway to its initial configuration, such as in the following
instances:
•
•
•
•
The IP address of the gateway is not known.
The Web browser has been inadvertently turned off.
The Web browser password has been forgotten.
The gateway has encountered a fault that cannot be recovered using the Web browser.
Tip:
The BootP is normally used to configure the device’s initial parameters. Once
this information has been provided, the BootP is no longer needed. All
parameters are stored in non-volatile memory and used when the BootP is
not accessible.
B.2 An Overview of BootP
BootP is a protocol defined in RFC 951 and RFC 1542 that enables an internet device to discover
its own IP address and the IP address of a BootP on the network, and to obtain the files from that
utility that need to be loaded into the device to function.
A device that uses BootP when it powers up broadcasts a BootRequest message on the network.
A BootP on the network receives this message and generates a BootReply. The BootReply
indicates the IP address that should be used by the device and specifies an IP address from
which the unit may load configuration files using Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) described in
RFC 906 and RFC 1350.
B.3 Key Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Internal BootP supporting hundreds of entities.
Internal TFTP.
Contains all required data for our products in predefined format.
Provides a TFTP address, enabling network separation of TFTP and BootP utilities.
Tools to backup and restore the local database.
Templates.
User-defined names for each entity.
Option for changing MAC address.
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Protection against entering faulty information.
Remote reset.
Unicast BootP response.
User-initiated BootP respond, for remote provisioning over WAN.
Filtered display of BootP requests.
Location of other BootP utilities that contain the same MAC entity.
Common log window for both BootP and TFTP sessions.
Works with Windows™ 98, Windows™ NT, Windows™ 2000 and Windows™ XP.
B.4 Specifications
•
•
•
•
BootP standards: RFC 951 and RFC 1542
TFTP standards: RFC 1350 and RFC 906
Operating System: Windows™ 98, Windows™ NT, Windows™ 2000 and Windows™ XP
Max number of MAC entries: 200
B.5 Installation
ꢁ To install the BootP/TFTP on your computer, take these 2 steps:
1. Locate the BootP folder on the VoIP gateway supplied CD ROM and open the file Setup.exe.
2. Follow the prompts from the installation wizard to complete the installation.
ꢁ To open the BootP/TFTP, take these 2 steps:
1. From the Start menu on your computer, navigate to Programs and then click on BootP.
2. The first time that you run the BootP/TFTP, the program prompts you to set the user
preferences.
B.6 Loading the cmp File, Booting the Device
Once the application is running, and the preferences were set (refer to Section B.10), for each
unit that is to be supported, enter parameters into the tool to set up the network configuration
information and initialization file names. Each unit is identified by a MAC address. For information
on how to configure (add, delete and edit) units, refer to Section B.11 on page 195.
ꢁ To load the software and configuration files, take these 4 steps:
1. Create a folder on your computer that contains all software and configuration files that are
needed as part of the TFTP process.
2. Set the BootP and TFTP preferences (refer to Section B.10).
3. Add client configuration for the VoIP gateway that you want to initialize by the BootP, refer to
Section B.11.1.
4. Reset the VoIP gateway, either physically or remotely, causing the device to use BootP to
access the network and configuration information.
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B. The BootP/TFTP Configuration Utility
B.7 BootP/TFTP Application User Interface
Figure B-1 shows the main application screen for the BootP/TFTP utility.
Figure B-1: Main Screen
Log Window
B.8 Function Buttons on the Main Screen
Pause: Click this button to pause the BootP Tool so that no replies are sent to BootP
requests. Click the button again to restart the BootP Tool so that it responds to all
active.
Edit Clients: Click this button to open a new window that enables you to enter
configuration information for each supported VoIP gateway. Details on the Clients
Edit Templates: Click this button to open a new window that enables you to create or
in Section B.12 on page 199.
Clear Log: Click this button to clear all entries from the Log Window portion of the
main application screen. Details on the log window are provided in Section B.9 on
page 192.
received from disabled clients or from clients which do not have entries in the Clients
table.
Reset: Click this button to open a new window where you enter an IP address
requests for a gateway that you want to reset. Refer to Figure B-2 below.
Figure B-2: Reset Screen
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When a gateway resets, it first sends a BootRequest. Therefore, Reset can be used to force a
BootP session with a gateway without needing to power cycle the gateway. As with any BootP
session, the computer running the BootP Tool must be located on the same subnet as the
controlled VoIP gateway.
B.9 Log Window
The log window (refer to Figure B-1 on the previous page) records all BootP request and BootP
reply transactions, as well as TFTP transactions. For each transaction, the log window displays
the following information:
•
Client: shows the Client address of the VoIP gateway, which is the MAC address of the
client for BootP transactions or the IP address of the client for TFTP transactions.
•
•
•
Date: shows the date of the transaction, based on the internal calendar of the computer.
Time: shows the time of day of the transaction, based on the internal clock of the computer.
Status: indicates the status of the transaction.
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
Client Not Found: A BootRequest was received but there is no matching client entry in
the BootP Tool.
Client Found: A BootRequest was received and there is a matching client entry in the
BootP Tool. A BootReply is sent.
Client’s MAC Changed: There is a client entered for this IP address but with a different
MAC address.
Client Disabled: A BootRequest was received and there is a matching client entry in the
BootP tool but this entry is disabled.
Selected Client button is clicked (for details on Testing a client, refer to Section B.11.4
on page 196).
ꢁ
Download Status: Progress of a TFTP load to a client, shown in %.
•
•
New IP / File: shows the IP address applied to the client as a result of the BootP transaction,
as well as the file name and path of a file transfer for a TFTP transaction.
Client Name: shows the client name, as configured for that client in the Client Configuration
screen.
Use right-click on a line in the Log Window to open a pop-up window with the following options:
•
Reset: Selecting this option results in a reset command being sent to the client VoIP
gateway. The program searches its database for the MAC address indicated in the line. If the
client is found in that database, the program adds the client MAC address to the Address
Resolution Protocol (ARP) table for the computer. The program then sends a reset
command to the client. This enables a reset to be sent without knowing the current IP
address of the client, as long as the computer sending the reset is on the same subnet.
Note: In order to use reset as described above, the user must have administrator privileges
on the computer. Attempting to perform this type of reset without administrator privileges on
the computer results in an error message. ARP Manipulation Enable must also be turned
on in the Preferences window.
•
View Client: Selecting this option, or double clicking on the line in the log window, opens the
Client Configuration window. If the MAC address indicated on the line exists in the client
database, it is highlighted. If the address is not in the client database, a new client is added
with the MAC address filled out. You can enter data in the remaining fields to create a new
client entry for that client.
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B. The BootP/TFTP Configuration Utility
B.10 Setting the Preferences
Figure B-3: Preferences Screen
B.10.1 BootP Preferences
ARP is a common acronym for Address Resolution Protocol, and is the method used by all
Internet devices to determine the link layer address, such as the Ethernet MAC address, in order
to route Datagrams to devices that are on the same subnet.
When ARP Manipulation is enabled on this screen, the BootP Tool creates an ARP cache entry
on your computer when it receives a BootP BootRequest from the VoIP gateway. Your computer
uses this information to send messages to the VoIP gateway without using ARP again. This is
particularly useful when the gateway does not yet have an IP address and, therefore, cannot
respond to an ARP.
Because this feature creates an entry in the computer ARP cache, Administrator Privileges are
required. If the computer is not set to allow administrator privileges, ARP Manipulation cannot be
enabled.
•
ARP Manipulation Enabled: Enable ARP Manipulation to remotely reset a gateway that
does not yet have a valid IP address.
If ARP Manipulation is enabled, the following two commands are available.
•
Reply Type: Reply to a BootRequest can be either Broadcast or Unicast. The default for
the BootP Tool is Broadcast. In order for the reply to be set to Unicast, ARP Manipulation
must first be enabled. This then enables the BootP Tool to find the MAC address for the
client in the ARP cache so that it can send a message directly to the requesting device.
Normally, this setting can be left at Broadcast.
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•
•
ARP Type: The type of entry made into the ARP cache on the computer, once ARP
Manipulation is enabled, can be either Dynamic or Static. Dynamic entries expire after a
period of time, keeping the cache clean so that stale entries do not consume computer
resources. The Dynamic setting is the default setting and the setting most often used. Static
entries do not expire.
Number of Timed Replies: This feature is useful for communicating to VoIP gateways that
are located behind a firewall that would block their BootRequest messages from getting
through to the computer that is running the BootP Tool. You can set this value to any whole
digit. Once set, the BootP Tool can send that number of BootReply messages to the
destination immediately after you send a remote reset to a VoIP gateway at a valid IP
address. This enables the replies to get through to the VoIP gateway even if the
BootRequest is blocked by the firewall. To turn off this feature, set the Number of Timed
Replies = 0.
B.10.2 TFTP Preferences
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Enabled: To enable the TFTP functionality of the BootP Tool, check the box beside this
heading. If you want to use another TFTP application, other than the one included with the
BootP Tool, unselect the box.
On Interface: This pull down menu displays all network interfaces currently available on the
computer. Select the interface that you want to use for the TFTP. Normally, there is only one
choice.
Directory: This option is enabled only when the TFTP is enabled. Use this parameter to
specify the folder that contains the files for the TFTP utility to manage (cmp, ini, Call
Progress Tones, etc.).
Boot File Mask: Boot File Mask specifies the file extension used by the TFTP utility for the
boot file that is included in the BootReply message. This is the file that contains VoIP
gateway software and normally appears as cmp.
ini File Mask: ini File mask specifies the file extension used by the TFTP utility for the
configuration file that is included in the BootReply message. This is the file that contains
VoIP gateway configuration parameters and normally appears as ini.
Timeout: This specifies the number of seconds that the TFTP utility waits before
retransmitting TFTP messages. This can be left at the default value of 5 (the more
congested your network, the higher the value you should define in these fields).
Maximum Retransmissions: This specifies the number of times that the TFTP utility tries to
resend messages after timing out. This can be left at the default value of 10 (the more
congested your network, the higher the value you should define in these fields).
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B. The BootP/TFTP Configuration Utility
B.11 Configuring the BootP Clients
specific VoIP gateway.
Figure B-4: Client Configuration Screen
B.11.1 Adding Clients
Adding a client creates an entry in the BootP Tool for a specific gateway.
ꢁ To add a client to the list without using a template, take these 3 steps:
1. Click on the Add New Client Icon;
a client with blank parameters is displayed.
2. Enter values in the fields on the right side of the window, using the guidelines for the fields in
3. Click Apply to save this entry to the list of clients, or click Apply & Reset to save this entry
to the list of clients and send a reset message to that gateway to immediately implement the
settings.
Note: To use Apply & Reset you must enable ARP Manipulation in the Preferences
window. Also, you must have administrator privileges for the computer you are using.
An easy way to create several clients that use similar settings is to create a template. For
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ꢁ To add a client to the list using a template, take these 5 steps:
1. Click on the Add New Client Icon;
a client with blank parameters is displayed.
2. In the field Template, located on the right side of the Client Configuration Window, click
on the down arrow to the right of the entry field and select the template that you want to use.
3. The values provided by the template are automatically entered into the parameter fields on
the right side of the Client Configuration Window. To use the template parameters, leave
the check box next to that parameter selected. The parameter values appear in gray text.
4. To change a parameter to a different value, unselect the check box to the right of that
parameter. This clears the parameter provided by the template and enables you to edit the
entry. Clicking the check box again restores the template settings.
5. Click Apply to save this entry to the list of clients or click Apply & Reset to save this entry to
the list of clients and send a reset message to that gateway to immediately implement the
settings.
Note: To use Apply & Reset you must enable ARP Manipulation in the Preferences
window. Also, you must have administrator privileges for the computer you are using.
B.11.2 Deleting Clients
ꢁ To delete a client from the BootP Tool, take these 3 steps:
1. Select the client that you wish to delete by clicking on the line in the window for that client.
2. Click the Delete Current Client button
3. A warning pops up. To delete the client, click Yes.
B.11.3 Editing Client Parameters
ꢁ To edit the parameters for an existing client, take these 4 steps:
1. Select the client that you wish to edit by clicking on the line in the window for that client.
2. Parameters for that client display in the parameter fields on the right side of the window.
3. Make the changes required for each parameter.
4. Click Apply to save the changes, or click Apply & Reset to save the changes and send a
reset message to that gateway to immediately implement the settings.
Note: To use Apply & Reset you must enable ARP Manipulation in the Preferences
window. Also, you must have administrator privileges for the computer you are using.
B.11.4 Testing the Client
There should only be one BootP utility supporting any particular client MAC active on the network
at any time.
ꢁ To check if other BootP utilities support this client, take these 4 steps:
1. Select the client that you wish to test by clicking on the client name in the main area of the
Client Configuration Window.
2. Click the Test Selected Client button
3. Examine the Log Window on the Main Application Screen. If there is another BootP utility
that supports this client MAC, there is a response indicated from that utility showing the
status Listed At along with the IP address of that utility.
4. If there is another utility responding to this client, you must remove that client from either this
utility or the other one.
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B. The BootP/TFTP Configuration Utility
B.11.5 Setting Client Parameters
Client parameters are listed on the right side of the Client Configuration Window.
•
Client MAC: The Client MAC is used by BootP to identify the VoIP gateway. The MAC
address for the VoIP gateway is printed on a label located on the VoIP gateway hardware.
Enter the Ethernet MAC address for the VoIP gateway in this field. Click the box to the right
of this field to enable this particular client in the BootP tool (if the client is disabled, no replies
are sent to BootP requests).
Note: When the MAC address of an existing client is edited, a new client is added, with the
same parameters as the previous client.
•
•
Client Name: Enter a descriptive name for this client so that it is easier to remember which
VoIP gateway the record refers to. For example, this name could refer to the location of the
gateway.
Template: Click the pull down arrow if you wish to use one of the templates that you
configured. This applies the parameters from that template to the remaining fields.
Parameter values that are applied by the template are indicated by a check mark in the box
to the right of that parameter. Uncheck this box if you want to enter a different value. If
templates are not used, the box to the right of the parameters is colored gray and is not
selectable.
•
•
IP: Enter the IP address you want to apply to the VoIP gateway. Use the normal dotted
decimal format.
Subnet: Enter the subnet mask you want to apply to the VoIP gateway. Use the normal
dotted decimal format. Ensure that the subnet mask is correct. If the address is incorrect, the
VoIP gateway may not function until the entry is corrected and a BootP reset is applied.
•
•
Gateway: Enter the IP address for the data network gateway used on this subnet that you
want to apply to the VoIP gateway. The data network gateway is a device, such as a router,
that is used in the data network to interface this subnet to the rest of the enterprise network.
TFTP Server IP: This field contains the IP address of the TFTP utility that is used for file
transfer of software and initialization files to the gateway. When creating a new client, this
field is populated with the IP address used by the BootP Tool. If a different TFTP utility is to
be used, change the IP address in this field to the IP address used by the other utility.
•
Boot File: This field specifies the file name for the software (cmp) file that is loaded by the
TFTP utility to the VoIP gateway after the VoIP gateway receives the BootReply message.
The actual software file is located in the TFTP utility directory that is specified in the BootP
Preferences window. The software file can be followed by command line switches. For
Note 1: Once the software file loads into the gateway, the gateway begins functioning
from that software. In order to save this software to non-volatile memory, (only
the cmp file, i.e., the compressed firmware file, can be burned to your device's
flash memory), the -fb flag must be added to the end of the file name. If the
file is not saved, the gateway reverts to the old version of software after the
next reset.
Note 2: The Boot file field can contain up to two file names: cmp file name to be used
for load of application image and ini file name to be used for gateway
provisioning. Either one, two or no file names can appear in the Boot file
field. To use both file names use the ";" separator (without blank spaces)
between the xxx.cmp and the yyy.ini files (e.g., ram.cmp;SIPgw.ini).
•
ini File: This field specifies the configuration ini file that the gateway uses to program its
various settings. Enter the name of the file that is loaded by the TFTP utility to the VoIP
gateway after it receives the BootReply message. The actual ini file is located in the TFTP
utility directory that is specified in the BootP Preferences window.
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•
Call Agent: This field specifies the IP address of the MGCP Call Agent that is controlling the
gateway. This field can be ignored for all other control/signaling protocols.
B.11.6 Using Command Line Switches
You can add command line switches in the field Boot File.
ꢁ To use a Command Line Switch, take these 4 steps:
1. In the field Boot File, leave the file name defined in the field as it is (e.g., ramxxx.cmp).
2. Place your cursor after cmp
3. Press the space bar
4. Type in the switch you require.
Example: “ramxxx.cmp -fb” to burn flash memory.
“ramxxx.cmp -fb -em 4” to burn flash memory and for Ethernet Mode 4 (auto-negotiate).
Table B-1: Command Line Switch Descriptions
Switch
Description
-fb
Burn ram.cmp in flash (only for cmp files)
-em #
Use this switch to set Ethernet mode.
0 = 10 Base-T half-duplex
1 = 10 Base-T full-duplex
2 = 100 Base-TX half-duplex
3 = 100 Base-TX full-duplex
4 = auto-negotiate (default)
Auto-negotiate falls back to half-duplex mode when the opposite port is not in auto-negotiate but the speed
(10 Base-T or 100 Base-TX) in this mode is always configured correctly.
-br
BootP retries. Sets the number of BootP requests the device sends during start-up. The device stops
sending BootP requests when either BootP reply is received or Number of Retries is reached. This switch
takes effect only from the next device reset.
1 = 1 BootP retry, 1 second
2 = 2 BootP retries, 3 seconds
3 = 3 BootP retries, 6 seconds
4 = 10 BootP retries, 30 seconds
5 = 20 BootP retries, 60 seconds
6 = 40 BootP retries, 120 seconds
7 = 100 BootP retries, 300 seconds
15 = BootP retries indefinitely
-bd
BootP delays. Sets the interval between the device’s start-up and the first BootP/DHCP request that is
issued by the device. The switch only takes effect from the next reset of the device.
1 = 1 second delay (default).
2 = 10 second delay.
3 = 30 second delay.
4 = 60 second delay.
5 = 120 second delay.
-bs
-be
Use –bs 1 to enable the Selective BootP mechanism.
Use –bs 0 to disable the Selective BootP mechanism.
The Selective BootP mechanism enables the gateway’s integral BootP client to filter unsolicited
BootP/DHCP replies (accepts only BootP replies that contain the text “AUDC" in the vendor specific
information field). This option is useful in environments where enterprise BootP/DHCP servers provide
undesired responses to the gateway’s BootP requests.
Use -be 1 for the device to send device-related initial startup information (such as board type, current IP
address, software version, etc.) in the vendor specific information field (in the BootP request). This
information can be viewed in the main screen of the BootP/TFTP, under column 'Client Info‘ (refer to
Figure B-1 showing BootP/TFTP main screen with the column 'Client Info' on the extreme right). For a full
Note: This option is not available on DHCP servers.
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B. The BootP/TFTP Configuration Utility
B.12 Managing Client Templates
Templates can be used to simplify configuration of clients when most of the parameters are the
same.
Figure B-5: Templates Screen
ꢁ To create a new template, take these 4 steps:
1. Click on the Add New Template button
2. Fill in the default parameter values in the parameter fields.
3. Click Apply to save this new template.
4. Click OK when you are finished adding templates.
ꢁ To edit an existing template, take these 4 steps:
1. Select the template by clicking on its name from the list of templates in the window.
2. Make changes to the parameters, as required.
3. Click Apply to save this new template.
4. Click OK when you are finished editing templates.
ꢁ To delete an existing template, take these 3 steps:
1. Select the template by clicking its name from the list of templates in the window.
2. Click on the Delete Current Template button.
3. A warning pop up message appears. To delete the template, click Yes.
Note that if this template is currently in use, the template cannot be deleted.
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C. RTP/RTCP Payload Types and Port Allocation
Appendix C RTP/RTCP Payload Types and Port
Allocation
RTP Payload Types are defined in RFC 1889 and RFC 1890. We have added new payload types
to enable advanced use of other coder types. These types are reportedly not used by other
applications.
Note:
Refer to the Mediant 2000 & TP-1620 SIP Release Notes for the supported
coders.
C.1 Payload Types Defined in RFC 1890
Table C-1: Packet Types Defined in RFC 1890
Payload Type
Description
G.711 µ-Law
Basic Packet Rate [msec]
0
2
10,20
10,20
30
G.726-32
4
G.723 (6.3/5.3 kbps)
G.711 A-Law
G.729A
8
10,20
20
18
200
RTCP Sender Report
Randomly, approximately every 5 seconds (when packets are
sent by channel)
201
RTCP Receiver Report
Randomly, approximately every 5 seconds (when channel is
only receiving)
202
203
204
RTCP SDES packet
RTCP BYE packet
RTCP APP packet
C.2 Defined Payload Types
Table C-2: Defined Payload Types (continues on pages 201 to 202)
Payload Type
Description
Basic Packet Rate [msec]
35
36
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
49
50
51
52
G.726 32 kbps
G.726 24 kbps
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
G.726 40 kbps
G.727 16 kbps
G.727 24-16 kbps
G.727 24 kbps
G.727 32-16 kbps
G.727 32-24 kbps
G.727-32 kbps
G.727 40-16 kbps
G.727 40-24 kbps
G.727 40-32 kbps
NetCoder 4.8 kbps
NetCoder 5.6 kbps
NetCoder 6.4 kbps
NetCoder 7.2 kbps
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Payload Type
Description
Basic Packet Rate [msec]
53
54
NetCoder 8.0 kbps
NetCoder 8.8 kbps
NetCoder 9.6 kbps
Transparent PCM
DTMF relay per RFC 2833
Fax Bypass
20
20
20
20
55
56
96
102
103
104
105
20
20
Modem Bypass
RFC 2198 (Redundancy)
NSE Bypass
Same as channel’s voice coder.
C.3 Default RTP/RTCP/T.38 Port Allocation
The following table describes Mediant 2000 gateway default RTP/RTCP/T.38 Port Allocation.
Table C-3: Default RTP/RTCP/T.38 Port Allocation
Channel Number
RTP Port
RTCP Port
T.38 Port
1
6000
6001
6002
2
6010
6011
6012
3
6020
6021
6022
4
6030
6031
6032
5
6040
6041
6042
6
6050
6051
6052
7
6060
6061
6062
8
6070
6071
6072
:
n
:
:
:
6000 + 10(n-1)
6001 + 10(n-1)
6002 + 10(n-1)
:
:
:
:
96
:
6950
6951
6952
:
:
:
120
:
7190
7191
7192
:
7910
:
:
7911
:
:
7912
:
192
:
240
:
8390
:
8391
:
8392
:
384
:
9830
:
9831
:
9832
:
480
10790
10791
10792
Note:
To configure the gateway to use the same port for both RTP and T.38
packets, set the parameter ‘T38UseRTPPort’ to 1.
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D. Fax and Modem Transport Modes
Appendix D Fax and Modem Transport Modes
D.1 Fax/Modem Settings
Users can choose to use for fax, and for each modem type (V.22/V.23/Bell/V.32/V.34), one of the
following transport methods:
•
•
•
Fax relay mode (demodulation / remodulation, not applicable to Modem),
Bypass (using a high bit rate coder to pass the signal), or
Transparent (passing the signal in the current voice coder).
When any of the relay modes are enabled, distinction between fax and modem is not immediately
possible at the beginning of a session. The channel is therefore in “Answer Tone” mode until a
decision is made The packets sent to the network at this stage are T.38-complaint fax relay
packets.
D.1.1 Configuring Fax Relay Mode
When FaxTransportType= 1 (relay mode), then when fax is detected the channel automatically
switches from the current voice coder to answer tone mode, and then to T.38-complaint fax relay
mode.
When fax transmission ends, the reverse is carried out, and fax relay switches to voice. This
mode switch occurs automatically, both at the local and remote endpoints.
Users can limit the fax rate using the FaxRelayMaxRate parameter and can enable/disable ECM
fax mode using the FaxRelayECMEnable parameter.
When using T.38 mode, the User can define a redundancy feature to improve fax transmission
over congested IP network. This feature is activated by “FaxRelayRedundancyDepth” and
“EnhancedFaxRelayRedundancyDepth” parameters. Although this is a proprietary redundancy
scheme, it should not create problems when working with other T.38 decoders.
Note:
T.38 mode currently supports only the T.38 UDP syntax.
D.1.2 Configuring Fax/Modem ByPass Mode
When VxxTransportType=2 (FaxModemBypass, Vxx can be either V32/V22/Bell/V34/Fax), then
when fax/modem is detected, the channel automatically switches from the current voice coder to
a high bit-rate coder, as defined by the User, with the FaxModemBypassCoderType configuration
parameter.
During the bypass period, the coder uses the packing factor (by which a number of basic coder
frames are combined together in the outgoing WAN packet) set by the User in the
FaxModemBypassM configuration parameter. The network packets to be generated and received
during the bypass period are regular voice RTP packets (per the selected bypass coder) but with
a different RTP Payload type.
When fax/modem transmission ends, the reverse is carried out, and bypass coder is switched to
regular voice coder.
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D.1.3 Supporting V.34 Faxes
V.34 fax machine support is available only in bypass mode (fax relay is not supported) when the
channel is configured in one of the configurations described below:
FaxTransportMode = 2 (Bypass)
V34ModemTransportType = 2 (Modem bypass)
In this configuration, both T.30 and V.34 faxes work in Bypass mode
Or
FaxTransportMode = 1 (Relay)
V34ModemTransportType = 2 (Modem bypass)
In this configuration, T.30 faxes use Relay mode (T.38) while V.34 fax uses Bypass mode.
In order to use V.34 fax in Relay mode (T.38), you must configure:
FaxTransportMode = 1 (Relay)
V34ModemTransportType = 0 (Transparent)
V32ModemTransportType = 0
V23ModemTransportType = 0
V22ModemTransportType = 0
This configuration forces the V.34 fax machine to work in T.30 mode.
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E. Mediant 2000 Clock Settings
Appendix E Mediant 2000 Clock Settings
The gateway can either generate its own timing signals, using an internal clock, or recover them
from one of the E1/T1 trunks.
a. To use the internal gateway clock source configure the following parameters:
•
•
TDMBusClockSource = 1
ClockMaster = 1 (for all gateway trunks)
b. To use the recovered clock option configure the following parameters:
•
•
•
TDMBusClockSource = 4
ClockMaster_x = 0 (for all "slave" gateway trunks connected to PBX#1)
ClockMaster_x = 1 (for all "master" gateway trunks connected to PBX#2)
Assuming that the gateway recovers its internal clock from one of the "slave" trunks connected to
PBX#1, and provides clock to PBX#2 on its "master" trunks.
In addition it is necessary to define from which of the "slave" trunks the gateway recovers its
clock:
•
TDMBusPSTNAutoClockEnable = 1 (the gateway automatically selects one of the connected
"slave" trunks)
Or
•
TDMBusLocalReference = # (Trunk index: 0 to 7, default = 0)
page 68.
Note 2: When the Mediant 2000 is used in a ‘non-span’ configuration, the internal
gateway clock must be used (as explained above).
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F. Customizing the Mediant 2000 Web Interface
Appendix F Customizing the Mediant 2000 Web
Interface
Customers incorporating the Mediant 2000 into their portfolios can customize the device’s Web
Interface to suit their specific corporate logo and product naming conventions.
Customers can customize the Web Interface’s title bar (AudioCodes’ title bar is shown in Figure
Figure F-1: User-Customizable Web Interface Title Bar
Background image can be
OEM-customized
Product name can be
OEM-customized
Corporate logo can be OEM-
customized
Figure F-2: Customized Web Interface Title Bar
ꢁ To customize the title bar via the Web Interface, take these 3 steps:
F.1
Replacing the Main Corporate Logo
The main corporate logo can be replaced either with a different logo image file (refer to Section
Also note that the browser’s title bar is automatically updated with the string assigned to the
WebLogoText parameter when AudioCodes’ default logo is not used.
F.1.1 Replacing the Main Corporate Logo with an Image File
Note:
Use a gif, jpg or jpeg file for the logo image. It is important that the image file
has a fixed height of 59 pixels (the width can be configured). The combined
size of the image files (logo and background) is limited to 64 kbytes.
ꢁ To replace the default logo with your own corporate image via the Web
Interface, take these 7 steps:
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2. In the URL field, append the suffix ‘AdminPage’ (note that it’s case-sensitive) to the IP
address, e.g., http://10.1.229.17/AdminPage.
3. Click Image Load to Device; the Image Download screen is displayed (shown in Figure
F-3).
Figure F-3: Image Download Screen
4. Click the Browse button in the Send Logo Image File from your computer to the Device
box. Navigate to the folder that contains the logo image file you want to load.
5. Click the Send File button; the file is sent to the device. When loading is complete, the
screen is automatically refreshed and the new logo image is displayed.
6. Note the appearance of the logo. If you want to modify the width of the logo (the default
width is 339 pixels), in the Logo Width field, enter the new width (in pixels) and press the
Set Logo Width button.
on page 84.
The new logo appears on all Web Interface screens.
Tip:
If you encounter any problem during the loading of the files, or you want to
restore the default images, click the Restore Default Images button.
ꢁ To replace the default logo with your own corporate image via the ini
file, take these 2 steps:
1. Place your corporate logo image file in the same folder as where the device’s ini file is
located (i.e., the same location defined in the BootP/TFTP configuration utility). For detailed
2. Add/modify the two ini file parameters in Table F-1 according to the procedure described in
Note that loading the device’s ini file via the ‘Configuration File’ screen in the Web Interface
doesn’t load the corporate logo image files as well.
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F. Customizing the Mediant 2000 Web Interface
Table F-1: Customizable Logo ini File Parameters
Description
Parameter
LogoFileName
The name of the image file containing your corporate logo.
Use a gif, jpg or jpeg image file.
The default is AudioCodes’ logo file.
Note: The length of the name of the image file is limited to 47 characters.
LogoWidth
Width (in pixels) of the logo image.
Note: The optimal setting depends on the resolution settings.
The default value is 339, which is the width of AudioCodes’ displayed logo.
F.1.2 Replacing the Main Corporate Logo with a Text String
The main corporate logo can be replaced with a text string.
•
•
To replace AudioCodes’ default logo with a text string via the Web Interface, modify the two
211.
To replace AudioCodes’ default logo with a text string via the ini file, add/modify the two ini
Table F-2: Web Appearance Customizable ini File Parameters
Parameter
Description
UseWebLogo
WebLogoText
0 = Logo image is used (default).
1 = Text string is used instead of a logo image.
Text string that replaces the logo image.
The string can be up to 15 characters.
F.2
Replacing the Background Image File
The background image file is duplicated across the width of the screen. The number of times the
image is duplicated depends on the width of the background image and screen resolution. When
choosing your background image, keep this in mind.
Note:
Use a gif, jpg or jpeg file for the background image. It is important that the
image file has a fixed height of 59 pixels. The combined size of the image
files (logo and background) is limited to 64 kbytes.
ꢁ To replace the background image via the Web, take these 6 steps:
2. In the URL field, append the suffix ‘AdminPage’ (note that it’s case-sensitive) to the IP
address, e.g., http://10.1.229.17/AdminPage.
3. Click the Image Load to Device, the Image Download screen is displayed (shown in Figure
F-3).
4. Click the Browse button in the Send Background Image File from your computer to
gateway box. Navigate to the folder that contains the background image file you want to
load.
5. Click the Send File button; the file is sent to the device. When loading is complete, the
screen is automatically refreshed and the new background image is displayed.
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on page 84.
The new background appears on all Web Interface screens.
Tip 1:
Tip 2:
If you encounter any problem during the loading of the files, or you want to
restore the default images, click the Restore Default Images button.
When replacing both the background image and the logo image, first load the
logo image followed by the background image.
ꢁ To replace the background image via the ini file, take these 2 steps:
1. Place your background image file in the same folder as where the device’s ini file is located
(i.e., the same location defined in the BootP/TFTP configuration utility). For detailed
2. Add/modify the ini file parameters in Table F-3 according to the procedure described in
Note that loading the device’s ini file via the ‘Configuration File’ screen in the Web Interface
doesn’t load the logo image file as well.
Table F-3: Customizable Logo ini File Parameters
Parameter
BkgImageFileName
Description
The name (and path) of the file containing the new background.
Use a gif, jpg or jpeg image file.
The default is AudioCodes background file.
Note: The length of the name of the image file is limited to 47 characters.
F.3
Customizing the Product Name
The Product Name text string can be modified according to OEMs specific requirements.
•
•
To replace AudioCodes’ default product name with a text string via the Web Interface, modify
on page 211.
To replace AudioCodes’ default product name with a text string via the ini file, add/modify the
page 87.
Table F-4: Web Appearance Customizable ini File Parameters
Parameter
Description
UseProductName
UserProductName
0 = Don’t change the product name (default).
1 = Enable product name change.
Text string that replaces the product name.
The default is “Mediant 2000”.
The string can be up to 29 characters.
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F. Customizing the Mediant 2000 Web Interface
F.4
Modifying ini File Parameters via the Web AdminPage
ꢁ To modify ini file parameters via the AdminPage, take these 6 steps:
2. In the URL field, append the suffix ‘AdminPage’ (note that it’s case-sensitive) to the IP
address, e.g., http://10.1.229.17/AdminPage.
3. Click the INI Parameters option, the INI Parameters screen is displayed (shown in Figure
F-4).
Figure F-4: INI Parameters Screen
4. In the Parameter Name dropdown list, select the required ini file parameter.
5. In the Enter Value field to the right, enter the parameter’s new value.
6. Click the Apply new value button to the right; the INI Parameters screen is refreshed, the
parameter name with the new value appears in the fields at the top of the screen and the
Output Window displays a log displaying information on the operation.
Note:
You cannot load the image files (e.g., logo/background image files) to the
device by choosing a file name parameter in this screen.
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G. Accessory Programs and Tools
Appendix G Accessory Programs and Tools
The accessory applications and tools shipped with the device provide you with friendly interfaces
that enhance device usability and smooth your transition to the new VoIP infrastructure. The
following applications are available:
•
•
G.1 TrunkPack Downloadable Conversion Utility
Use the TrunkPack Downloadable Conversion Utility to:
•
•
Create a loadable Voice Prompts file from pre-recorded voice messages (refer to Section
•
•
Figure G-1: TrunkPack Downloadable Conversion Utility Opening Screen
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G.1.1 Converting a CPT ini File to a Binary dat File
ꢁ To convert a CPT ini file to a binary dat file, take these 10 steps:
1. Execute the TrunkPack Downloadable Conversion Utility, DConvert240.exe (supplied with
the software package); the utility’s main screen opens (shown in Figure G-1).
2. Click the Process Call Progress Tones File(s) button; the Call Progress Tones screen,
shown in Figure G-2, opens.
Figure G-2: Call Progress Tones Conversion Screen
3. Click the Select File… button that is in the ‘Call Progress Tone File’ box.
4. Navigate to the folder that contains the CPT ini file you want to convert.
5. Click the ini file and click the Open button; the name and path of both the ini file and the
(output) dat file appears in the fields below the Select File button.
6. Enter the Vendor Name, Version Number and Version Description in the corresponding
required fields under the ‘User Data’ section.
7. Set ‘CPT Version’ to ‘Version 1’ only if you use this utility with a version released before
version 4.4 of the device software (this field is used to maintain backward compatibility).
8. Check the ‘Use dBm units for Tone Levels’ check box. Note that the levels of the Call
Progress Tones (in the CPT file) must be in -dBm units.
9. Click the Make File button; you’re prompted that the operation (conversion) was successful.
10. Close the application.
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G. Accessory Programs and Tools
G.1.2 Creating a Loadable Voice Prompts File
ꢁ To create a loadable Voice Prompts dat file from your voice recording
files, take these 7 steps:
1. Execute the TrunkPack Downloadable Conversion Utility, DConvert240.exe (supplied with
the software package); the utility’s main screen opens (shown in Figure G-1).
2. Click the Process Voice Prompts File(s) button; the Voice Prompts screen, shown in
Figure G-3, opens.
Figure G-3: Voice Prompts Screen
3. To add the pre-recorded voice files to the ‘Voice Prompts’ screen follow one of these
procedures:
ꢁ
ꢁ
Select the files and drag them to the ‘Voice Prompts’ screen.
Click the Add File(s) button; the ‘Select Files’ screen opens. Select the required Voice
Prompt files and press the Add>> button. Close the ‘Select Files’ screen.
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4. Arrange the files according to your requirements by dragging and dropping them from one
location in the list to another. Note that the sequence of the files determines their assigned
Voice Prompt ID.
Tip 1:
Tip 2:
Use the Play button to play wav files through your PC speakers.
Use the Remove and Remove all buttons to delete files from the list.
5. For each of the raw files, select a coder that corresponds with the coder it was originally
recorded in by completing the following steps:
ꢁ
Double-click or right-click the required file(s); the ‘File Data’ window (shown in Figure
G-4) appears.
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
From the ‘Coder’ drop-down list, select the required coder type.
In the ‘Description’ field, enter additional identifying information.
Close the ‘File Data’ window.
Note that for wav files, a coder is automatically selected from the wav file’s header.
Figure G-4: File Data Window
6. In the ‘Output’ field, specify the output directory in which the Voice Prompts file is generated
followed by the name of the Voice Prompts file (the default name is voiceprompts.dat).
7. Press the Make File(s) button; the Voice Prompts loadable file is produced.
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G. Accessory Programs and Tools
G.1.3 Encoding / Decoding an ini File
ꢁ To encode an ini file, take these 6 steps:
1. Execute the TrunkPack Downloadable Conversion Utility, DConvert240.exe (supplied with
the software package); the utility’s main screen opens (shown in Figure G-1).
2. Click the Process Encoded/Decoded ini file(s) button; the ‘Encode/Decode ini File(s)’
screen, shown in Figure G-5, opens.
Figure G-5: Encode/Decode ini File(s) Screen
3. Click the Select File… button under the ‘Encode ini File(s)’ section.
4. Navigate to the folder that contains the ini file you want to encode.
5. Click the ini file and click the Open button; the name and path of both the ini file and the
output encoded file appear in the fields under the Select File button. Note that the name and
extension of the output file can be modified.
6. Click the Encode File(s) button; an encoded ini file with the name and extension you
specified is created.
ꢁ To decode an encoded ini file, take these 4 steps:
1. Click the Select File… button under the ‘Decode ini File(s)’ section.
2. Navigate to the folder that contains the file you want to decode.
3. Click the file and click the Open button. the name and path of both the encode ini file and the
output decoded file appear in the fields under the Select File button. Note that the name of
the output file can be modified.
4. Click the Decode File(s) button; a decoded ini file with the name you specified is created.
Note that the decoding process verifies the input file for validity. Any change made to the
encoded file causes an error and the decoding process is aborted.
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G.1.4 Creating a Loadable Prerecorded Tones File
ꢁ To create a loadable PRT dat file from your raw data files, take these 7
steps:
1. Prepare the prerecorded tones (raw data PCM or L8) files you want to combine into a single
dat file using standard recording utilities.
2. Execute the TrunkPack Downloadable Conversion utility, DConvert240.exe (supplied with
the software package); the utility’s main screen opens (shown in Figure G-1).
3. Click the Process Prerecorded Tones File(s) button; the Prerecorded Tones File(s) screen,
shown in Figure G-3, opens.
Figure G-6: Prerecorded Tones Screen
follow one of these procedures:
ꢁ
Select the files and drag them to the ‘Prerecorded Tones’ screen.
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G. Accessory Programs and Tools
ꢁ
Click the Add File(s) button; the ‘Select Files’ screen opens. Select the required
Prerecorded Tone files and press the Add>> button. Close the ‘Select Files’ screen.
5. For each raw data file, define a Tone Type, a Coder and a Default Duration by completing
the following steps:
ꢁ
Double-click or right-click the required file; the ‘File Data’ window (shown in Figure G-4)
appears.
ꢁ
ꢁ
From the ‘Type’ drop-down list, select the tone type this raw data file is associated with.
From the ‘Coder’ drop-down list, select the coder that corresponds to the coder this raw
data file was originally recorded with.
ꢁ
ꢁ
ꢁ
In the ‘Description’ field, enter additional identifying information (optional).
In the ’Default’ field, enter the default duration this raw data file is repeatedly played.
Close the ‘File Data’ window (press the Esc key to cancel your changes); you are
returned to the Prerecorded Tones File(s) screen.
Figure G-7: File Data Window
6. In the ‘Output’ field, specify the output directory in which the PRT file is generated followed
by the name of the PRT file (the default name is prerecordedtones.dat). Alternatively, use
the Browse button to select a different output file. Navigate to the desired file and select it;
the selected file name and its path appear in the ‘Output’ field.
7. Click the Make File(s) button; the Progress bar at the bottom of the window is activated. The
dat file is generated and placed in the directory specified in the ‘Output’ field. A message box
informing you that the operation was successful indicates that the process is completed.
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G.2 PSTN Trace Utility
These utilities are designed to convert PSTN trace binary files to textual form. The binary PSTN
trace files are generated when the User sets the PSTN interface to trace mode.
G.2.1 Operation
Generating textual trace/audit file for CAS protocols -
To generate a readable text file out of the binary trace file when using CAS protocols, rename the
PSTN trace binary file to CASTrace0.dat and copy it to the same directory in which the translation
utility CAS_Trace.exe is located. Then, run CAS_Trace.exe (no arguments are required). As a
result, the textual file CASTrace0.txt is created.
Generating textual trace/audit file for ISDN PRI protocols -
To generate a readable text file out of the binary trace file when using ISDN protocols, copy the
PSTN trace binary file to the same directory in which the translation utility Convert_Trace.bat is
located. The following files should reside in the same directory: Dumpview.exe, Dumpview.cfg
and ReadMe.txt. Please read carefully the ReadMe.txt in order to understand the usage of the
translation utility. Next, run the Convert_Trace.bat. As a result, the textual file is created.
To start and collect the PSTN trace via the Web, please use the following instructions. (Refer to
CAS collection based on the framer involved in the trace. This information is needed to properly
parse the captured data.
1. Run the UDP2File utility.
2. Determine the trace file name.
3. Determine the UDP port.
4. Mark the PSTN Trace check box.
5. Push the Run button=> the UDP2File utility starts to collect the trace messages.
6. Activate the Web page by entering <Mediant 2000 IP address>/TrunkTraces, such as:
http://10.8.8.101/TrunkTraces. The user and password is the same for the unit.
7. In the Web page set the trace level of each trunk.
8. Enable the trace via the Web.
9. Determine the UDP port (the same as in step 3).
10. Push the Submit button => the board starts to send the trace messages.
In the UDP2File utility (Refer to Figure H-9) you should see the number in the packets
counter increasing.
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Reader’s Notes
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H. Software Upgrade Key
Appendix H Software Upgrade Key
H.1 About the Software Upgrade Key
Mediant 2000 gateways are supplied with a Software Upgrade Key already pre-configured for
each of its TrunkPack Modules (TPM).
Users can later upgrade their Mediant 2000 features, capabilities and quantity of available
resources by specifying what upgrades they require, and purchasing a new key to match their
specification.
The Software Upgrade Key is sent as a string in a text file, to be loaded into the Mediant 2000.
Stored in the device’s non-volatile flash memory, the string defines the features and capabilities
allowed by the specific key purchased by the user. The device allows users to utilize only these
features and capabilities. A new key overwrites a previously installed key.
Note:
The Software Upgrade Key is an encrypted key. Each TPM utilizes a unique
key. The Software Upgrade Key is provided by AudioCodes only.
H.2 Backing up the Current Software Upgrade Key
Back up your current Software Upgrade Key before loading a new key to the device. You can
always reload this backed-up key to restore your device capabilities to what they originally were if
the ‘new’ key doesn’t comply with your requirements.
ꢁ To backup the current Software Upgrade Key, take these 5 steps:
2. Click the Software Update button.
3. Click the Software Upgrade Key tab; the Software Upgrade Key screen is displayed (shown
in Figure H-1).
4. Copy the string from the Current Key field and paste it in a new file.
5. Save the text file with a name of your choosing.
H.3 Loading the Software Upgrade Key
After receiving the Software Upgrade Key file (do not modify its contents in any way), ensure that
its first line is [LicenseKeys] and that it contains one or more lines in the following format:
S/N<Serial Number of TPM> = <long Software Upgrade Key>
For example: S/N370604 = jCx6r5tovCIKaBBbhPtT53Yj...
One S/N must match the S/N of your device. The device’s S/N can be viewed in the ‘Device
You can load a Software Upgrade Key using:
•
•
•
Manual or EMS Product Description).
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H.3.1 Loading the Software Upgrade Key Using the Embedded Web
Server
ꢁ To load a Software Upgrade Key using the Web Server, take these 5
steps:
2. Click the Software Update button.
3. Click the Software Upgrade Key tab; the Software Upgrade Key screen is displayed (shown
in Figure H-1).
4. When loading a single key S/N line to a device:
Open the Software Upgrade Key file (it should open in Notepad), select and copy the key
string of the device’s S/N and paste it into the Web field New Key. If the string is sent in the
body of an email, copy and paste it from there. Press the Add Key button.
When loading a Software Upgrade Key text file containing multiple S/N lines to a device
(refer to Figure H-2):
device field, and navigate to the Software Upgrade Key text file.
Click the Send File button.
The new key is loaded to the device, validated and if valid is burned to memory. The new
key is displayed in the Current Key field.
Validate the new key by scrolling through the ‘Key features:’ panel and verifying the
presence / absence of the appropriate features.
5. After verifying that the Software Upgrade Key was successfully loaded, reset the device; the
new capabilities and resources are active.
Figure H-1: Software Upgrade Key Screen
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H. Software Upgrade Key
Figure H-2: Example of a Software Upgrade Key File Containing Multiple S/N Lines
H.3.2 Loading the Software Upgrade Key Using BootP/TFTP
ꢁ To load the Software Upgrade Key file using BootP/TFTP, take these 5
steps:
1. Place the file in the same location you’ve saved the device’s cmp file.
2. Start the BootP/TFTP configuration utility and from the Services menu in the main screen,
choose option Clients; the Client Configuration screen is displayed (refer to Figure Figure
B-4 on page 195).
3. From the drop-down list in the INI File field, select the Software Upgrade Key file instead of
the device’s ini file. Note that the device’s cmp file must be specified in the Boot File field.
page 189).
5. Reset the device; the device’s cmp and Software Upgrade Key files are loaded to the device.
H.4 Verifying that the Key was Successfully Loaded
After installing the key, you can determine in the Embedded Web Server’s read-only ‘Key
features and capabilities activated by the installed string match those that were ordered.
You can also verify that the key was successfully loaded to the device by accessing the Syslog
key is successfully loaded, the following message is issued in the Syslog server:
"S/N___ Key Was Updated. The Board Needs to be Reloaded with ini file\n"
H.5 Troubleshooting an Unsuccessful Loading of a Key
If the Syslog server indicates that a Software Upgrade Key file was unsuccessfully loaded (the
SN_ line is blank), take the following preliminary actions to troubleshoot the issue:
•
•
•
Open the Software Upgrade Key file and check that the S/N line of the specific device whose
key you want to update is listed in it. If it isn’t, contact AudioCodes.
Verify that you’ve loaded the correct file and that you haven’t loaded the device’s ini file or
the CPT ini file by mistake. Open the file and ensure that the first line is [LicenseKeys].
Verify that you didn’t alter in any way the contents of the file.
H.6 Abort Procedure
223 to restore your device capabilities to what they originally. To load the backed-up key use the
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I. Release Reason Mapping
Appendix I Release Reason Mapping
Table I-1: Mapping of ISDN Release Reason to SIP Response (continues on pages 227 to 228)
ISDN Release
Reason
SIP
Response
Description
Description
1
2
3
404
404
404
Unallocated number
Not found
No route to network
Not found
Not found
No route to destination
6
7
Channel unacceptable
Not acceptable
406
Call awarded and being delivered in an
established channel
500
Server internal error
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
22
23
26
27
28
29
30
31
34
38
41
42
43
44
47
49
50
55
57
58
63
65
-*
Normal call clearing
BYE
486
408
480
480
403
410
410
480
404
502
484
501
501*
480
503
503
503
503
502*
503*
503
503*
503*
403
403
503
503*
501
User busy
Busy here
No user responding
Request timeout
Temporarily unavailable
Temporarily unavailable
Forbidden
No answer from the user
Subscriber absent
Call rejected
Number changed w/o diagnostic
Number changed with diagnostic
Redirection to new destination
Non-selected user clearing
Destination out of order
Address incomplete
Gone
Gone
Temporarily unavailable
Not found
Bad gateway
Address incomplete
Not implemented
Not implemented
Temporarily unavailable
Service unavailable
Service unavailable
Service unavailable
Service unavailable
Bad gateway
Facility rejected
Response to status enquiry
Normal unspecified
No circuit available
Network out of order
Temporary failure
Switching equipment congestion
Access information discarded
Requested channel not available
Resource unavailable
Service unavailable
Service unavailable
Service unavailable
Service unavailable
Forbidden
QoS unavailable
Facility not subscribed
Incoming calls barred within CUG
Bearer capability not authorized
Bearer capability not presently available
Service/option not available
Bearer capability not implemented
Forbidden
Service unavailable
Service unavailable
Not implemented
* Messages and responses were created since the ‘ISUP to SIP Mapping’ draft doesn’t specify their cause
code mapping.
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ISDN Release
Reason
SIP
Response
Description
Description
66
69
480*
503*
Channel type not implemented
Temporarily unavailable
Service unavailable
Requested facility not implemented
Only restricted digital information bearer
capability is available
70
503*
Service unavailable
79
81
82
501
502*
502*
Service or option not implemented
Invalid call reference value
Not implemented
Bad gateway
Identified channel does not exist
Bad gateway
Suspended call exists, but this call identity
does not
83
503*
Service unavailable
84
85
503*
503*
Call identity in use
No call suspended
Service unavailable
Service unavailable
Call having the requested call identity has been
cleared
86
408*
Request timeout
87
88
91
95
96
97
503
503
User not member of CUG
Service unavailable
Service unavailable
Bad gateway
Incompatible destination
502*
503
Invalid transit network selection
Invalid message
Service unavailable
Conflict
409*
480*
Mandatory information element is missing
Message type non-existent or not implemented
Temporarily not available
Message not compatible with call state or
message type non-existent or not implemented
98
99
409*
480*
Conflict
Information element non-existent or not
implemented
Not found
100
101
102
111
127
501*
503*
408
500
500
Invalid information elements contents
Message not compatible with call state
Recovery of timer expiry
Not implemented
Service unavailable
Request timeout
Protocol error
Server internal error
Server internal error
Interworking unspecified
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I. Release Reason Mapping
Table I-2: Mapping of SIP Response to ISDN Release Reason
SIP
Response
ISDN Release
Reason
Description
Description
31
Bad request
Normal, unspecified
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
413
414
21
21
Unauthorized
Call rejected
Payment required
Forbidden
Call rejected
21
Call rejected
1
Not found
Unallocated number
Service/option unavailable
Service/option not implemented
Call rejected
63
Method not allowed
Not acceptable
Proxy authentication required
Request timeout
Conflict
79
21
102
41
Recovery on timer expiry
Temporary failure
Number changed w/o diagnostic
Interworking
22
Gone
127
127
127
Length required
Request entity too long
Request URI too long
Interworking
Interworking
415
79
Unsupported media type
Service/option not implemented
420
480
481*
482*
483
484
485
486
488
500
501
502
503
504
505*
600
603
604
606*
127
18
127
127
25
28
1
Bad extension
Interworking
Temporarily unavailable
Call leg/transaction doesn’t exist
Loop detected
No user responding
Interworking
Interworking
Too many hops
Exchange – routing error
Invalid number format
Unallocated number
User busy
Address incomplete
Ambiguous
17
31
41
38
38
41
102
127
17
21
1
Busy here
Not acceptable here
Server internal error
Not implemented
Bad gateway
Normal, unspecified
Temporary failure
Network out of order
Network out of order
Temporary failure
Recovery on timer expiry
Interworking
Service unavailable
Server timeout
Version not supported
Busy everywhere
Decline
User busy
Call rejected
Does not exist anywhere
Not acceptable
Unallocated number
Network out of order
38
* Messages and responses were created since the ‘ISUP to SIP Mapping’ draft doesn’t specify their cause
code mapping.
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Reader’s Notes
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J. SS7 Tunneling
Appendix J SS7 Tunneling
The Signaling System 7 (SS7) tunneling feature facilitates peer-to-peer transport of SS7 links
between gateways that support AudioCodes' unique MTP2 (Message Transfer Part) Tunneling
application (M2TN) for transferring SS7 MTP2 link data over IP. In this scenario, both sides of
the link are pure TDM switches and are unaware of the IP tandem that is utilized between them.
Using M2TN, the network operator can support SS7 connections over IP, carrying MTP level 3,
as well as higher level SS7 layers (e.g., user parts and application protocols, such as TUP
(Telephone User Part), Integrated ISUP (Services User Part), SCCP (Signaling Connection
Control Part), TCAP (Transaction Capabilities Application Part), etc.).
M2TN uses standard protocols, such as SIGTRAN (RFC 2719 Architectural Framework for
Signaling Transport), SCTP (RFC 2960, Stream Control Transmission Protocol), M2UA (RFC
3331, MTP2 User Adaptation Layer), the latter being used for transporting SS7-MTP2 signaling
Figure J-1: M2UA Architecture
Figure J-2: M2TN Architecture
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J.1
MTP2 Tunneling Technology
The SS7 tunneling technology is based on a pairing of remote and central gateways, as shown in
network using standard M2UA protocol (over SCTP protocol). The function of the M2TN entity is
to transmit traffic and handle all management events between MTP2 on the TDM side and
M2UA's MGC (Media Gateway Controler) entity on the IP side. Only the actual SS7 MSU
(Message Signaling Unit) data is sent. Management of the SS7 link is performed using M2UA
without transporting the MTP2 LSSU (Link Status Signaling Unit) and FISU (Fill in Signaling Unit)
messages over IP. These messages, in addition to MTP2 timing, are terminated and supported,
respectively, by the remote and central sides. Therefore, the MTP2 connections are not affected
by the fact that they are transported over IP.
Figure J-3: Protocol Architecture for MTP2 Tunneling
J.2
SS7 Characteristics
•
•
•
•
Only standard protocols are used on external interfaces (MTP2 on PSTN side, and M2UA
over SCTP on IP side) - the M2TN application resides internally in the Mediant 2000.
No extra signaling point codes are required; both endpoints are unaware that the SS7
connection is via IP.
Several links from multiple SS7 nodes can be concentrated into a single board on the
‘Central’ side (using several SCTP associations per gateway).
Mediant 2000 gateways can handle SS7 MTP2 tunneling and voice concurrently (does not
require additional gateway or other server).
•
•
Voice and signaling can be transferred on the same E1/T1 trunk (F-Links).
IP traffic can be monitored via standard sniffing tools (e.g. protocol analyzers).
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J. SS7 Tunneling
J.3
SS7 Parameters
attribute individually, add _xx (xx equals the element number in the range of 0 to 2) to the end of
the ini file field name.
ini File Parameter Name
Description
SS7_MTP2_Param_AERM_TIE
Defines the SS7 alignment emergency error rate threshold.
The valid range is 0 to 10.
The default value is 1.
SS7_MTP2_Param_AERM_TIN
Defines the SS7 alignment normal error rate threshold.
The valid range is 0 to 20.
The default value is 4.
SS7_MTP2_Param_Error_Correction_ Defines the SLI error correction method.
Method
0 = Basic (default)
B = Basic
P = PCR (Preventive Cyclic Retransmission)
SS7_MTP2_Param_IAC_CP
Defines the number of aborted proving attempts before sending an out-of-
service to MTP-3.
The valid range is 0 to 10.
The default value is 5.
SS7_MTP2_Param_Link_Rate
Defines the SS7 SLI Link Rate.
Choose either:
0 = 64 kbps (default)
A = 64 kbps
D = 56 kbps
SS7_MTP2_Param_LSSU_Length
SS7_MTP2_Param_Octet_Counting
Defines the SS7 MTP2 LSSU length as 1 or 2 (bytes).
The valid range is 1 to 2.
The default value is 1.
Defines the SS7 MTP2 Octet received while the OCTET is in counting mode
(# of Octets received - N Octets - while in Octet counting mode).
The valid range is 0 to 256.
The default value is 16.
SS7_MTP2_Param_SUERM_SU_D
SS7_MTP2_Param_SUERM_T
SS7_MTP2_Param_Timer_T1
SS7_MTP2_Param_Timer_T2
SS7_MTP2_Param_Timer_T3
SS7_MTP2_Param_Timer_T4E
SS7_MTP2_Param_Timer_T4N
SS7_MTP2_Param_Timer_T5
Defines the SS7 Signal Unit error rate monitor D threshold.
The valid range is 0 to 256.
The default value is 256.
Defines the SS7 SUERM (Signal Unit Error Rate Monitor) T threshold.
The valid range is 0 to 256.
The default value is 64.
Defines the SS7 MTP2 T1 alignment ready timer (in msecs).
The valid range is 0 to 100000.
The default value is 50000.
Defines the SS7 MTP2 T2 unaligned timer (in msecs).
The valid range is 0 to 200000.
The default value is 150000.
Defines the SS7 MTP2 T3 timer aligned.
The valid range is 0 to 20000.
The default value is 2000.
Defines the SS7 MTP2 T4e Emergency proving period timer (msec).
The valid range is 0 to 5000.
The default value is 500.
Defines the SS7 MTP2 T4n Nominal proving period timer.
The valid range is 0 to 15000.
The default value is 8200.
Defines the SS7 MTP2 Sending SIB timer.
The valid range is 0 to 2400.
The default value is 120.
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Table J-1: SS7 Parameters (continues on pages 233 to 234)
ini File Parameter Name Description
SS7_MTP2_Param_Timer_T6
Defines the SS7 MTP2 Remote Congestion timer (in msec).
The valid range is 0 to 10000.
The default value is 6000.
SS7_MTP2_Param_Timer_T7
Defines the SS7 MTP2 excessive delay of the ack timer (in msec).
The valid range is 0 to 5000.
The default value is 2000.
J.4 SS7 Table Parameters
J.4.1 SIGTRAN Interface Groups
ini File Parameter Name
Description
SS7_SIG_IF_GR_INDEX
Indicates the SS7 interface group index for a line.
The valid range is 0 to 15.
SS7_IF_GR_ID
Determines the SS7 SIGTRAN interface group index, for a line.
The valid range is 0 to 0xFFFF.
The default value is 0xFFFE.
SS7_SIG_SG_MGC
Determines the SS7 SIGTRAN interface group Signaling Gateway (SG) and
Media Gateway Controller (MGC) option.
The valid range is 77(MGC), 83(SG).
The default value is 83.
SS7_SIG_LAYER
Determines the SIGTRAN group layer (IUA/M2UA/M3UA).
Choose either:
0 = no_layer (default)
1 = iua
2 = m2ua
3 = m3ua
4 = m2tunnel
5 = V5ua
SS7_SIG_TRAF_MODE
SS7_SIG_T_REC
SS7_SIG_T_ACK
SS7_SIG_T_HB
Determines the SS7 SIGTRAN interface group traffic mode.
The valid range is 1 to 3.
The default value is 1.
Determines the SIGTRAN group T recovery.
The valid range is 0 to 10000000.
The default value is 2000.
Determines the SIGTRAN group T Ack (in msec).
The valid range is 0 to 10000000.
The default value is 2000.
Determines the SIGTRAN group T Hb (in msec).
The valid range is 0 to 10000000.
The default value is 2000.
SS7_SIG_MIN_ASP
Determines the SIGTRAN group minimal Application Server Process (ASP)
number (minimum = 1).
The valid range is 1 to .10
The default value is 1.
SS7_SIG_BEHAVIOUR
SS7_SCTP_INSTANCE
Determines the SIGTRAN group behavior bit.
The valid range is 0 to 0xFFFFFFFE.
The default value is 0.
Determines the SIGTRAN group SCTP instance.
The valid range is 0 to 0xFFFE.
The default value is 0xFFFE.
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J. SS7 Tunneling
Table J-2: SIGTRAN Interface Groups (continues on pages 234 to 235)
ini File Parameter Name
Description
SS7_LOCAL_SCTP_PORT
Determines the SIGTRAN group SCTP port.
The valid range is 0 to 0xFFFE.
The default value is 0Xfffe.
SS7_SIG_NETWORK
Determines the SIGTRAN group Network (ITU, ANSI, CHINA).
The valid range is 1 to 3.
The default value is 1.
SS7_DEST_SCTP_PORT
SS7_DEST_IP
Determines the SIGTRAN group destination SCTP port.
The valid range is 0 to 0xFFFE.
The default value is 0xFFFE.
Determines the SIGTRAN group destination IP Address
The valid range is 0 to 0xFFFFFFFE.
The default value is 0.
SS7_MGC_MX_IN_STREAM
SS7_MGC_NUM_OUT_STREAM
Determines the SIGTRAN group maximum inbound stream.
The valid range is 2 to 0xFFFE.
The default value is 2.
Determines the SIGTRAN group's number of outbound streams.
The valid range is 2 to 0xFFFE.
The default value is 2.
J.4.2 SIGTRAN Interface IDs
Table J-3: SIGTRAN Interface IDs
ini File Parameter Name
Description
SS7_SIG_IF_ID_INDEX
Determines the SS7 interface ID index, for a line.
The valid range is 0 to 15.
The default value is 1.
SS7_SIG_IF_ID_VALUE
Determines the SIGTRAN interface ID value.
The valid range is 0 to 0xFFFFFFFE.
The default value is 0.
SS7_SIG_IF_ID_NAME
Determines the SIGTRAN interface ID (text string).
The default string is ‘INT_ID’.
SS7_SIG_IF_ID_OWNER_GROUP
Determines the SIGTRAN interface ID owner group.
The valid range 0 to 0xFFFE.
The default value is 0.
SS7_SIG_IF_ID_LAYER
Determines the SIGTRAN group layer (IUA/M2UA/M3UA).
0 = no_layer (default)
1 = iua
2 = m2ua
3 = m3ua
4 = m2tunnel
5 = V5ua
SS7_SIG_IF_ID_NAI
SS7_SIG_M3UA_SPC
Determines the SIGTRAN interface ID NAI.
The valid range 0 to 0xFFFE.
The default value is 0xFFFE.
Determines the SIGTRAN M3UA SPC.
The valid range 0 to 0xFFFFFFFE.
The default value is 0.
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J.4.3 SS7 Signaling Link
ini File Parameter Name Description
SS7_LINK_INDEX
Determines the index field for a line.
The valid range is 0 to 7. The default value is 0.
SS7_LINK_ROWSTATUS
SS7_LINK_ACTION
Determines the RowStatus field for a line.
The valid range is acPARAMSET_ROWSTATUS_DOESNOTEXIST to
acPARAMSET_ROWSTATUS_DESTROY. The default value is
acPARAMSET_ROWSTATUS_DOESNOTEXIST.
Determines the management field for actions.
The valid range is acSS7LINK_PS_ACTION_NONE to
acSS7LINK_PS_ACTION_LPR. The default value is
acSS7LINK_PS_ACTION_NONE.
SS7_LINK_ACTION_RESULT
Determines the management field for actions result.
The valid range is acPARAMSET_ACTION_RESULT_SUCCEEDED to
acPARAMSET_ACTION_RESULT_FAILED. The default value is
acPARAMSET_ACTION_RESULT_SUCCEEDED.
SS7_LINK_NAME
String name for link parameters
The default string is "LINK”.
SS7_LINK_OPERATIONAL_STATE
Determines the operational state of a signaling link.
The valid range is L3_OFFLINE to L3_INSERVICE. The default value is
L3_OFFLINE.
SS7_LINK_ADMINISTRATIVE_STATE Determines the administrative state of a signaling link.
The valid range is L3_OFFLINE to L3_INSERVICE. The default value is
L3_OFFLINE.
SS7_LINK_TRACE_LEVEL
Determines the trace level of a signaling link (level 2).
The valid range is 0 to 1. The default value is 0.
SS7_LINK_L2_TYPE
Determines the link layer type - defines level 2 media of signaling link.
The valid range is SS7_SUBLINK_L2_TYPE_NONE to
SS7_SUBLINK_L2_TYPE_SAAL. The default value is
SS7_SUBLINK_L2_TYPE_NONE.
SS7_LINK_L3_TYPE
Determines the link high layer type - defines level 3 or L2 high layer of
signaling link.
The valid range is SS7_SUBLINK_L3_TYPE_NONE to
SS7_SUBLINK_L3_TYPE_MTP2_TUNNELING. The default value is
SS7_SUBLINK_L3_TYPE_NONE.
SS7_LINK_TRUNK_NUMBER
SS7_LINK_TIMESLOT_NUMBER
SS7_LINK_MTC_BUSY
Determines the trunk number of a signaling link (TDM).
The valid range is 0 to 7. The default value is 0.
Determines the time-slot number of a signaling link (TDM).
The valid range is 0 to 31. The default value is 16.
Determines the link local busy indicator – if set, indicates link is busy due to
local mtc action.
The valid range is 0 to 1. The default value is 0.
SS7_LINK_INHIBITION
Determines the link inhibit indicator - if set, indicates link is inhibited.
The valid range is 0 to 1. The default value is L3_LINK_UNINHIBITED.
SS7_LINK_LAYER2_VARIANT
Determines the variant (layer 2) of signaling link (TDM).
The valid range is NET_VARIANT_OTHER to NET_VARIANT_CHINA. The
default value is NET_VARIANT_ITU.
SS7_LINK_MTP2_ATTRIBUTES
Determines the MTP2 attributes of signaling link (TDM).
The valid range is 0 to MAX_C7_MTP2_PARAMS_INDEX. The default
value is 3.
SS7_CONGESTION_LOW_MARK
SS7_CONGESTION_HIGH_MARK
SS7_LINK_M2UA_IF_ID
Determines the link congestion low mark of signaling link (TDM).
The valid range is 0 to 255. The default value is 5.
Determines the link congestion high mark of signaling link (TDM).
The valid range is 0 to 255. The default value is 20.
Determines the interface ID (M2UA) of signaling link.
The valid range is 0 to 0xFFFFFFFF. The default value is 0.
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J. SS7 Tunneling
Table J-4: SS7 Signaling Link (continues on pages 236 to 237)
ini File Parameter Name
Description
SS7_LINK_GROUP_ID
Determines the group ID (M3UA) of signaling link.
The valid range is 0 to 0xFFFF. The default value is 0.
ATM_SAAL_LINK_PROFILE_NUM
ATM_SAAL_LINK_TYPE
Determines the ATM SAAL Link profile number
The valid range is 0 to (MAX_SAAL_PROFILES-1). The default value is 0.
Determines the ATM SAAL link Type PVC/SVC
The valid range is ATM_VCC_TYPE_PVC to ATM_VCC_TYPE_SVC. The
default value is ATM_VCC_TYPE_PVC.
ATM_SAAL_LINK_PORT_NUM
Determines the ATM SAAL link port num
The valid range is 0 to ATMDB_ATM_MAX_INTERFACES_RANGE. The
default value is 0.
ATM_SAAL_LINK_VPI
ATM_SAAL_LINK_VCI
Determines the ATM SAAL link VPI
The valid range is 0 to 255. The default value is 0.
Determines the ATM SAAL link VCI
The valid range is 0 to 0xFFFF. The default value is 0.
SS7_LINK_TNL_MGC_LINK_NUMBER Determines the MTP2 Tunneling: MGC link number (MTP2 \other side\ of
signaling link.
The valid range is 0 to 7. The default value is 0.
SS7_LINK_TNL_ALIGNMENT_MODE
Determines the MTP2 Tunneling: Alignment mode of signaling links in
tunnel.
The valid range is 0 to 255. The default value is
M3B_ALIGNMENT_EMERGENCY.
SS7_LINK_TNL_CONGESTION_MODE Determines the MTP2 Tunneling: Congestion mode of signaling links in
tunnel.
The valid range is 0 to 255. The default value is
M3B_CONGESTION_ACCEPT.
SS7_LINK_TNL_WAIT_START_COMP Determines the MTP2 Tunneling Timer: wait start complete.
LETE_TIMER
SS7_LINK_TNL_OOS_START_DELAY Determines the MTP2 Tunneling Timer: OOS start delay.
_TIMER
The valid range is 500 to 0xFFFFFFFF. The default value is 5000.
SS7_LINK_TNL_WAIT_OTHER_SIDE_I Determines the MTP2 Tunneling Timer: wait other side inservice.
The valid range is 500 to 0xFFFFFFFF. The default value is 30000.
NSV_TIMER
The valid range is 500 to 0xFFFFFFFF. The default value is 30000.
SS7_LINKSET_SN_INDEX
Determines the first index field for line.
The valid range is 0 to 1. The default value is 0.
SS7_LINKSET_LINKSET_INDEX
SS7_LINKSET_ROWSTATUS
Determines the second index field for line.
The valid range is 0 to 7. The default value is 0.
Determines the RowStatusField for line.
The valid range is acPARAMSET_ROWSTATUS_DOESNOTEXIST to
acPARAMSET_ROWSTATUS_DESTROY. The default value is
acPARAMSET_ROWSTATUS_DOESNOTEXIST.
SS7_LINKSET_ACTION
Determines the management field for actions.
The valid range is acSS7LINKSET_PS_ACTION_NONE to
acSS7LINKSET_PS_ACTION_DEACTIVATE. The default value is
acSS7LINKSET_PS_ACTION_NONE.
SS7_SN_ACTION_RESULT
Determines the management field for actions result.
The valid range is acPARAMSET_ACTION_RESULT_SUCCEEDED to
acPARAMSET_ACTION_RESULT_FAILED. The default value is
acPARAMSET_ACTION_RESULT_SUCCEEDED.
J.5
SS7 MTP2 Tunneling ini File Example
For the SS7 MTP2 tunneling ini file example, note the following:
•
The first ini file acts as an MTP2 tunneling central side (M2UA MGC links).
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•
•
There are 8 SS7 links - 4 links of type: MTP2 MGC, and 4 links of type MTP2. Each pair of
links (1 MTP2 MGC and 1 MTP2) defines an MTP2 tunnel.
There is 1 interface that is used for the M2UA MGC <=> M2UA SG (Signaling Gateway)
connection.
•
•
There are 4 interface IDs defined: 1 per link (M2UA MGC side).
This file is intended for ITU link variant (E1 trunks).
ꢁ To load the example SS7 MTP2 tunneling ini files to Mediant 2000
gateways, take these 3 steps:
1. Load the ini file that is shown in Figure J-4 to a tunnel central gateway (MTP2 MGC). Load
2. In the MGC gateway, change the parameter ‘SS7_DEST_IP’ to the actual IP address of the
M2UA SG gateway.
3. Change the value of the ‘SyslogServerIP’ parameter in the MGC and SG gateways to your
Syslog server IP address.
Figure J-4: SS7 MTP2 Tunneling ini File Example - MGC
[TDM BUS configuration]
; 1=aLaw 3=ulaw
PCMLawSelect=
1
;1 - internal, 3 - mvip, 4 - Network, 8 - h110a, 9 - h110b, 10 - Netref
TDMBusClockSource= 1
[Trunk Configuration]
;e1_euro_isdn=1 t1_isdn=2 ;e1_cas_r2=8 (8 for fcd); e1_trans_62=5
ProtocolType = 5
TraceLevel
= 0
; acCLOCK_MASTER_ON =1
CLOCKMASTER= 1
;acUSER_TERMINATION_SIDE = 0
TerminationSide = 1
;acEXTENDED_SUPER_FRAME=0
FramingMethod = 0
;acB8ZS = 0
LineCode = 0
[SS7]
2 for E1_CAS - FCD
SS7_MTP2_PARAM_TIMER_T1_0=50000
SS7_MTP2_PARAM_TIMER_T2_0=150000
SS7_MTP2_PARAM_TIMER_T3_0=1000
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J. SS7 Tunneling
Figure J-4: SS7 MTP2 Tunneling ini File Example - MGC
SS7_MTP2_PARAM_TIMER_T4E_0=500
SS7_MTP2_PARAM_TIMER_T4N_0=8200
SS7_MTP2_PARAM_TIMER_T5_0=100
SS7_MTP2_PARAM_TIMER_T6_0=3000
SS7_MTP2_PARAM_TIMER_T7_0=2000
[syslog]
SYSLOGSERVERIP = 168.100.0.1
ENABLESYSLOG = 1
;FORCEEXCEPTIONDUMP = 1
WATCHDOGSTATUS = 0
[ SS7_LINK_TABLE ]
FORMAT SS7_LINK_INDEX = SS7_LINK_NAME, SS7_LINK_TRACE_LEVEL,
SS7_LINK_ADMINISTRATIVE_STATE,SS7_LINK_L2_TYPE, SS7_LINK_L3_TYPE, SS7_LINK_GROUP_ID,
SS7_LINK_M2UA_IF_ID;
SS7_LINK_TABLE 1 = new_link_1, 0, 2, 2, 3, 4, 50;
SS7_LINK_TABLE 3 = new_link_3, 0, 2, 2, 3, 4, 12;
SS7_LINK_TABLE 5 = new_link_5, 0, 2, 2, 3, 4, 18;
SS7_LINK_TABLE 7 = new_link_7, 0, 2, 2, 3, 4, 1;
[ \SS7_LINK_TABLE ]
[ SS7_LINK_TABLE ]
FORMAT SS7_LINK_INDEX = SS7_LINK_NAME, SS7_LINK_TRACE_LEVEL,
SS7_LINK_ADMINISTRATIVE_STATE,SS7_LINK_L2_TYPE, SS7_LINK_L3_TYPE,
SS7_LINK_TRUNK_NUMBER,SS7_LINK_TIMESLOT_NUMBER,
SS7_LINK_LAYER2_VARIANT,SS7_LINK_MTP2_ATTRIBUTES,SS7_CONGESTION_LOW_M ARK,
SS7_CONGESTION_HIGH_MARK, SS7_LINK_TNL_MGC_LINK_NUMBER, SS7_LINK_TNL_ALIGNMENT_MODE,
SS7_LINK_TNL_CONGESTION_MODE, SS7_LINK_TNL_WAIT_START_COMPLETE_TIMER,
SS7_LINK_TNL_OOS_START_DELAY_TIMER, SS7_LINK_TNL_WAIT_OTHER_SIDE_INSV_TIMER;
SS7_LINK_TABLE 0 = new_link_0, 0, 2, 1, 3, 0, 15, 1, 0, 5, 50, 1, 1, 0, 30000, 5000, 30000;
SS7_LINK_TABLE 2 = new_link_2, 0, 2, 1, 3, 3, 12, 1, 0, 5, 50, 3, 1, 0, 30000, 5000, 30000;
SS7_LINK_TABLE 4 = new_link_4, 0, 2, 1, 3, 6, 7, 1, 0, 5, 50, 5, 1, 0, 30000, 5000, 30000;
SS7_LINK_TABLE 6 = new_link_6, 0, 2, 1, 3, 7, 3, 1, 0, 5, 50, 7, 1, 0, 30000, 5000, 30000;
[ \SS7_LINK_TABLE ]
[ SS7_SIG_IF_GROUP_TABLE ]
FORMAT SS7_SIG_IF_GR_INDEX = SS7_IF_GR_ID,SS7_SIG_SG_MGC, SS7_SIG_LAYER, SS7_SIG_TRAF_MODE,
SS7_SIG_T_REC, SS7_SIG_T_ACK, SS7_SIG_T_HB, SS7_SIG_MIN_ASP, SS7_SIG_BEHAVIOUR,
SS7_LOCAL_SCTP_PORT, SS7_SIG_NETWORK, SS7_DEST_SCTP_PORT, SS7_DEST_IP, SS7_MGC_MX_IN_STREAM,
SS7_MGC_NUM_OUT_STREAM;
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Figure J-4: SS7 MTP2 Tunneling ini File Example - MGC
SS7_SIG_IF_GROUP_TABLE 4 = 4, 77, 4, 1, 2000, 2000, 30000, 1, 0, 2904, 1,2904,168.100.0.2,3,3;
[ \SS7_SIG_IF_GROUP_TABLE ]
[ SS7_SIG_INT_ID_TABLE ]
FORMAT SS7_SIG_IF_ID_INDEX = SS7_SIG_IF_ID_VALUE, SS7_SIG_IF_ID_NAME, SS7_SIG_IF_ID_OWNER_GROUP,
SS7_SIG_IF_ID_LAYER, SS7_SIG_IF_ID_NAI, SS7_SIG_M3UA_SPC;
SS7_SIG_INT_ID_TABLE 7 = 50, BELFAST12, 4, 2, 1, 0;
SS7_SIG_INT_ID_TABLE 8 = 12, AMSTERDAM, 4, 2, 3, 0;
SS7_SIG_INT_ID_TABLE 9 = 18, ROTERDAM , 4, 2, 5, 0;
SS7_SIG_INT_ID_TABLE 10 = 1, GAUDA
[ \SS7_SIG_INT_ID_TABLE ]
, 4, 2, 7, 0;
Figure J-5: SS7 MTP2 Tunneling ini File Example - SG
[TDM BUS configuration]
; 1=aLaw 3=ulaw
PCMLawSelect=
1
;1 - internal, 3 - mvip, 4 - Network, 8 - h110a, 9 - h110b, 10 - Netref
TDMBusClockSource= 1
[Trunk Configuration]
;e1_euro_isdn=1 t1_isdn=2 ;e1_cas_r2=8 (8 for fcd); e1_trans_62=5
ProtocolType = 5
TraceLevel
= 0
; acCLOCK_MASTER_ON =1
ClockMaster= 1
TerminationSide = 1
;acEXTENDED_SUPER_FRAME=0
FramingMethod = 0
;acB8ZS = 0
2 for E1_CAS - FCD
LineCode = 0
WATCHDOGSTATUS = 0
[ SS7_LINK_TABLE ]
FORMAT SS7_LINK_INDEX = SS7_LINK_NAME, SS7_LINK_TRACE_LEVEL,
SS7_LINK_ADMINISTRATIVE_STATE,SS7_LINK_L2_TYPE, SS7_LINK_L3_TYPE,
SS7_LINK_TRUNK_NUMBER,SS7_LINK_TIMESLOT_NUMBER,SS7_LINK_M2UA_IF_ID;
SS7_LINK_TABLE 0 = new_link_0, 0, 2, 1,1, 1, 15,50;
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J. SS7 Tunneling
Figure J-5: SS7 MTP2 Tunneling ini File Example - SG
SS7_LINK_TABLE 1 = new_link_1, 0, 2, 1,1, 2, 12, 12;
SS7_LINK_TABLE 2 = new_link_2, 0, 2, 1, 1, 4, 7,18;
SS7_LINK_TABLE 3 = new_link_3, 0, 2, 1, 1, 5, 3,1;
[\SS7_LINK_TABLE]
[ SS7_SIG_IF_GROUP_TABLE ]
FORMAT SS7_SIG_IF_GR_INDEX = SS7_IF_GR_ID,SS7_SIG_SG_MGC, SS7_SIG_LAYER, SS7_SIG_TRAF_MODE,
SS7_SIG_T_REC, SS7_SIG_T_ACK, SS7_SIG_T_HB, SS7_SIG_MIN_ASP, SS7_SIG_BEHAVIOUR,
SS7_LOCAL_SCTP_PORT, SS7_SIG_NETWORK;
SS7_SIG_IF_GROUP_TABLE 4 = 4,83, 2, 1, 2000, 2000, 30000, 1, 0, 2904, 1;
[ \SS7_SIG_IF_GROUP_TABLE ]
[ SS7_SIG_INT_ID_TABLE ]
FORMAT SS7_SIG_IF_ID_INDEX = SS7_SIG_IF_ID_VALUE, SS7_SIG_IF_ID_NAME, SS7_SIG_IF_ID_OWNER_GROUP,
SS7_SIG_IF_ID_LAYER, SS7_SIG_IF_ID_NAI, SS7_SIG_M3UA_SPC;
SS7_SIG_INT_ID_TABLE 7 = 50, BELFAST12, 4, 2, 0, 0;
SS7_SIG_INT_ID_TABLE 8 = 12, AMSTERDAM, 4, 2, 1, 0;
SS7_SIG_INT_ID_TABLE 9 = 18, ROTERDAM , 4, 2, 2, 0;
SS7_SIG_INT_ID_TABLE 10 = 1, GAUDA
[ \SS7_SIG_INT_ID_TABLE ]
, 4, 2, 3, 0;
J.6 ini File Parameters in a Table Format
Tables of Parameter Values group related parameters of a specific entity and handle them
together. Tables are composed of lines and columns. The columns represent parameters types,
while each line represents an entity. The parameters in each line are called the line attributes.
Lines in table may represent (for example) a trunk, SS7 Link, list of timers for a given application,
etc.
Note:
illustration only and are NOT actually implemented in AudioCodes products.
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Table J-5: Table of Parameter Values Example - Remote Management Connections
Index Fields:
1. Connection Number
Connection
Number
User Name
User Password
Time Connected (msec)
Permissions
0
1
Admin
Gillian
David
Yellow9
Red5
0
1266656
0
All
Read Only
Read Write
2
Orange6
Table J-6: Table of Parameter Values Example - Port-to-Port Connections
Index Fields:
1. Source Ports
2. Destination IP
3. Destination Port
Source Port
2020
Destination IP
10.4.1.50
Destination Port
Connection Name
ATM_TEST_EQ
Application Type
LAB_EQ
2020
4050
6010
2314
212.199.201.20
10.3.3.41
ATM_ITROP_LOOP
REMOTE_MGMT
LAB_EQ
6010
MGMT
J.6.1 Table Indices
Each line in a table must be unique. For this reason, each table defines one or more Index fields.
The combination of the Index fields determines the 'line-tag'. Each line-tag may appear only once.
mark lines.
is a result of the application it represents.
J.6.2 Table Permissions
Each field in a line has a 'permission' attribute, which determines if and when the user may
modify the field.
There are several types of permissions:
•
•
•
Read - The user may read the value of a field (true for all fields).
Write - The user may modify the value of the field at any time.
Create - The user must provide a value for the field at creation time.
The default values set for all fields already determine the initial values.
•
Maintenance write - The user may modify the value of the field only when the entity
represented by the line is in maintenance state.
Each table includes rules to determine when it is in a maintenance state.
permissions. The ‘Time Connected’ field has Read-Only permission, and the ‘Permissions’ field
has a Read-Create-Maintenance_write permission.
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J. SS7 Tunneling
J.6.3 Tables of Parameter Value Rules in the ini File Structure
The ini file allows you to add/modify parameters in tables. When using tables, Read-Only
parameters are not loaded, since they cause an error when trying to download the loaded file.
Therefore read-only parameters should not be included in tables in the ini file. Consequently,
tables are loaded with all parameters having at least one of the following permissions:
•
•
•
Write
Create
Maintenance write
The ‘format-line’ rule defines which fields of the table are to be modified by the given ini file (this
may vary among ini files for the same table). The ‘format-line’ must only include fields, which can
be modified (which are all parameters that are not specified as read-only).
One exception is the index-fields, which are ALWAYS mandatory fields. In the example provided
J.6.3.1 Tables Structure Rules
Tables are composed of four elements:
•
•
Table-Title - The Table's string name in square brackets (e.g. [ MY_TABLE_NAME ]).
Format Line - This line specifies the table's fields by their string names.
ꢁ
The first word MUST be "FORMAT", followed by indices field names, and after '=' sign,
all data fields names should be listed.
ꢁ
ꢁ
Items must be separated by ',' sign.
The Format Line must end with ';' sign.
•
•
Data Line(s) - The actual values for parameters are specified in each Data line. The values
are interpreted according to the format line. The first word must be the table’s string name.
ꢁ
ꢁ
Items must be separated by a ',' sign.
A Data Line must end with a ';' sign.
End-of-Table-Mark: Marks the end of a table. Same as Table title, but string name is
preceded by '\'.
Figure J-6: Structure of a Table in an ini File
; Table: Items Table.
; Fields: Item_Name, Item_Serial_Number, Item_Color, Item_weight.
; NOTE: Item_Color is not specified. It will be given default value.
[Items_Table]
; Fields declaration
Format Item_Index = Item_Name, Item_Serial_Number, Item_weight;
Items_Table 0 = Computer, 678678, 6;
Items_Table 6 = Computer-screen, 127979, 9;
Items_Table 2 = Computer-pad, 111111, $$;
[\Items_Table]
•
•
Indices (in both the Format line and the Data lines) must all appear in order, as determined
by the table's specific documentation. The Index field must NOT be omitted.
Data fields in the Format line may use a sub-set of all of the configurable fields in a table
only. In this case, all other fields are assigned with the pre-defined default value for each
configured line.
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•
•
The order of the Data fields in the Format line is not significant (unlike the Index-fields). Field
values in Data lines are interpreted according to the order specified in the Format line.
The sign '$$' in the Data line means that the user wants the pre-defined default value
assigned to the field for the given line.
•
•
The order of Data lines is insignificant.
Data lines must match the Format line, i.e., it must contain exactly the same number of
Indices and Data fields and should be in exactly the same order.
•
A line in a table is identified by its table-name and its indices. Each such line may appear
only once in the ini file.
•
Tables' dependencies:
Certain tables may depend on other tables. For example, one table may include a field, which
specifies an entry in another table, to specify additional attributes of an entity, or to specify that a
given entity is part of a larger entity. The tables must appear in order of dependency (i.e., if Table
X is referred to by Table Y, then Table X must appear in the ini file before Table Y).
J.6.3.2 Dynamic Tables versus Static Tables
Static Table:
The Static table type does not support adding new lines or removing (deleting) an existing line. All
lines in a Static table are pre-configured with default values. Users may modify values in existing
lines. After reset, all lines in a Static table are available.
Dynamic Table:
The Dynamic table type supports adding and removing lines. It is always initialized as an empty
table, with no lines. Users should add lines to the Dynamic table via the ini file or at run-time.
Note:
Certain dynamic tables may initialize a line (or more) at start-up time. If so, it
is documented in the table's specific section.
J.6.3.3 Tables in the Loaded ini File
Tables are grouped according to the applications they configure. For example, several tables are
required to configure SS7, and other tables are required to configure ATM.
When loading the ini file, the policy is to include only tables that belong to applications, which
have been configured (Dynamic tables of other applications are empty, but static tables are not).
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K. RADIUS Billing and VXML Calling Card Application
Appendix K RADIUS Billing and VXML Calling
Card Application
The Mediant 2000 calling card application capability (included in its IVR - Interactive Voice
Response - feature) enables Internet Telephony Service Providers (ITSPs) to provide a VoIP
telephone service to subscribers who have purchased calling cards in advance.
The subscriber market for calling cards is growing exponentially worldwide. Calling cards are
often much cheaper than collect calls and operator-assisted calls made through long distance
providers and local phone companies. VoIP service providers, using the Mediant 2000, can
further reduce costs for calling card subscribers and substantially reduce implementation time,
making the service extraordinarily attractive both for them and their subscribers.
K.1 Benefits
Using the Mediant 2000, telephony service providers can offer the calling card service over a
VoIP network and thereby:
•
•
•
•
Lower the cost and deployment time that a PSTN calling-card service requires
Achieve voice quality comparable to toll quality
Acquire a cost-effective, reliable VoIP network infrastructure
IVR functionality can be located at the edge of the network (distributed functionality) or in a
central location
•
•
•
Connect with the PSTN over carrier interfaces
Interoperate with other VoIP service providers and other vendors' VoIP equipment
Become part of a world-wide network of other VoIP service providers interested in
interconnecting
K.2 Features
•
•
PSTNꢀIP and IPꢀPSTN distributed IVR architecture
AAA (Authentication, Authorization, Accounting) over standard RADIUS (Remote
Authentication Dial In User Service) - stored on a RADIUS server
•
•
•
•
Provides comprehensive management of accounting and billing support
CDRs (Call Detail Reports) over RADIUS (stored on a RADIUS server)
Post-paid applications (Billing model: credit)
Pre-paid application (Billing model: debit). When credit is exhausted the call is disconnected
(a short Prompt is played prior to disconnection)
•
Common internal, on-board, Voice Prompts (in flash memory) for all VoiceXML (Voice
Extensible Markup Language) scripts
•
•
Multiple VXML scripts stored on external HTTP server (up to 10 different scripts)
Caller can place multiple successive calls without re-entering the account and password
numbers (authentication and authorization are applied without collecting the information from
the user again)
•
•
•
Supports Cisco gateway RADIUS functionality
Interoperates with standard RADIUS-based (AAA) billing servers
Supports 240 concurrent calls running a VXML script
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•
•
Loads the VXML scripts once and stores them in the RAM; scripts can be changed without
the need of reset
Barge-in dialing (to shorten menu time), once prompt has started
K.3 Supported Architecture
Figure K-1: Mediant 2000 Supported Architecture
general terms an incoming PSTNꢀIP call being conveyed to the IP network.
The architecture comprises the following components:
•
Mediant 2000 - The PSTN gateway that includes the VoiceXML interpreter which generates
events in response to user actions (e.g., spoken or character input received, disconnect) and
system events (e.g., timer expiration). These events are acted on by the VoiceXML
interpreter itself, as specified by the VoiceXML document.
•
•
•
•
•
HTTP Server – (Document Server), sends out the VoiceXML script in response to the
Mediant 2000 (the VoiceXML interpreter) request.
RADIUS Server – A centralized Authentication, Authorization and Accounting server for
remote access users that communicate via the RADIUS protocol.
VoiceBrowser - (not shown in this diagram), responsible for the TTS (Text to Speech) and
ASR (Automatic Speech Recognition) services (not supported in this version).
Proxy Server – Standard management tool for SIP networks. Performs essential control,
administrative and managerial functions.
MediaPack – Analog media gateway, provides excellent voice quality and optimized packet
voice, fax and modem streaming over the IP network.
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K. RADIUS Billing and VXML Calling Card Application
K.4 Implementation
The Mediant 2000 uses an embedded VoiceXML interpreter to interpret and execute standard
VoiceXML scripts, which are loaded from an outbound HTTP server and stored in the gateway’s
volatile memory (RAM). The predefined VoiceXML scripts (up to 10 different scripts are
supported) determine the development of the call according to the caller’s responses (DTMF
digits) and AAA (Authentication, Authorization and Accounting) information exchanged with a
RADIUS server. Interaction with the caller is conducted using a set of audio messages (stored in
a single Voice Prompts file in the gateway’s flash/RAM memory) on the gateway’s side, and by
pressing DTMF digits on the subscriber’s side.
K.4.1 Basic Calling Card IVR Scenario
Figure K-2: Basic Call Scenario
Note:
Some messages have been omitted from the above drawing for the sake of
clarity.
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K.4.2 Call Flow Description
debit).
•
•
•
An incoming PSTN call with a published access number reaches the Mediant 2000.
The Mediant 2000 accepts the call (sends an Alert message).
The Mediant 2000 searches its internal TelꢀIP Destination Number Manipulation table for
the specific prefix. When it is detected, if the ‘Prefix to Add’ column corresponds to the
predefined VXMLID parameter (in the example below: http), the Mediant 2000 determines
that the incoming call is an IVR call.
Figure K-3: Basic ini File VXML Parameters
VXMLID = http
NumberMapTel2IP = 5394288,7,http://10.8.1.19/RadAAA01.txt
•
•
The Mediant 2000 loads the VoiceXML file (RadAAA01.txt) from an outbound HTTP Server
(10.8.1.19) and stores it in its volatile memory. In Figure K-2 it is assumed that the VoiceXML
already resides in the Mediant 2000.
The Mediant 2000 sends an Answer/Connect message.
Note:
The following steps are according to the supplied VXML script.
•
•
The Mediant 2000 starts by playing an initial voice message. This message is composed of
an opening greeting and an interactive menu asking the caller to choose one of the following
options: 1 to make a call, 2 for help, 3 for operator service, 4 to exit.
After pressing the digit 1, the caller is immediately prompted to enter his account number
(usually the card number) and his password or PIN (personal identification number). The
Mediant 2000 collects the input DTMF digits and sends an Authentication message to an
outbound RADIUS server.
•
Only after the call is authenticated successfully (in this stage the RADIUS server returns the
billing-model, in the above example: debit), the caller is asked to enter the number he wishes
to reach, the final destination number. The gateway collects the input DTMF digits and sends
an Authorization message to the RADIUS server.
•
•
•
The RADIUS server determines if the caller is authorized to proceed with the call and
specifies the maximum duration of the call; the Mediant 2000 conveys the call to the IP
network and starts an internal timer.
260); the finalalertaudio is played; finally, a minute later, the call is disconnected and the
After the conclusion of the call, the Mediant 2000 sends an Accounting message to the
RADIUS server containing the call details (CDR) and prompts the user either to proceed with
another call or to disconnect.
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K. RADIUS Billing and VXML Calling Card Application
K.5 Operation & Configuration
ꢁ To start working with the IVR system, take these 6 steps:
1. Install the Mediant 2000 (refer to Section Installing the Mediant 2000 on page 27 and to
Section Getting Started on page 35).
2. Create and load a Voice Prompts file to the Mediant 2000 (refer to Section 7.3 on page 137).
3. Create the VXML scripts (refer to Section K.9 on page 254).
4. Install an HTTP Server, store the VXML scripts in it and provision the Mediant 2000 relevant
VoiceXML parameters.
5. In the Mediant 2000 Destination Manipulation tables, (PSTNꢀIP and IPꢀPSTN) convert the
predefined number to the HTTP server IP address and the VXML file name.
Assuming that the incoming number is 5394288, the IP address of the HTTP server is
10.8.1.19 and the name of the VXML file is RadAAA01.txt, then the ini file entry should look
like: NumberMapTel2IP = 5394288,7,http://10.8.1.19/RadAAA01.txt. For the Mediant 2000 to
identify that the incoming call is designated to the IVR system, assign the string “http” to the
VXMLID parameter (refer to Table K-1 on page 249 for extended provisioning information).
Note:
To change a VXML script on-the-fly, access the Destination Number
Manipulation table via the Embedded Web Server and replace the name of
the file with the name of the new script (existing calls continue to run on the
old script, while new calls run on the new script).
6. Install a RADIUS server, define the Mediant 2000 in it (specify a common ‘SharedSecret’
You are now ready to start using the Calling Card Application.
K.6 Configuration Parameters
Table K-1: General Mediant 2000 Parameters
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
IVR Reference
NumberMapTel2IP
Manipulates the destination number for Tel to IP calls.
NumberMapTel2IP = a,b,c,d,e,f,g
Replaces the incoming
destination number with a URL
that indicates where the VXML
script is located.
a
b
= Destination number prefix
= Number of stripped digits from the left, or (if
brackets are used) from the right. A combination of both
options is allowed.
a = Calling Card number
b = The length of the Calling
c
= String to add as prefix, or (if brackets are used) Card number
as suffix. A combination of both options is allowed.
c = http://<HTTP server IP> + /
+ <name of VXML file>
(maximum length of string is 50
characters)
d
e
f
= Number of remaining digits from the right
= Number Plan used in RPID header
= Number Type used in RPID header
= Source number prefix
g
Note: To update the VoiceXML
file, change the name of the file
in the ‘c’ field.
The ‘b’ to ‘f’ manipulations rules are applied if the called
and calling numbers match the ‘a’ and ‘g’ conditions.
The manipulation rules are executed in the following
order: ‘b’, ‘d’ and ‘c’.
Parameters can be skipped by using the sign "$$", for
example:
NumberMapTel2IP=2222,4,http://10.3.0.2/AAIP.txt
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IVR Reference
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
NumberMapIP2Tel
Manipulate the destination number for IP to Tel calls.
NumberMapIP2Tel = a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i
Replaces the incoming
destination number with a URL
that indicates where the VXML
script is located.
a
b
= Destination number prefix
= Number of stripped digits from the left, or (if
brackets are used) from the right. A combination of both
options is allowed.
a = Calling Card number
b = The length of the Calling
c
= String to add as prefix, or (if brackets are used) Card number
as suffix. A combination of both options is allowed.
c = http://<HTTP server IP> + /
+ <name of VXML file>
(maximum length of string is 50
characters)
d
e
f
= Number of remaining digits from the right
= Q.931 Number Plan
= Q.931 Number Type
g
h
i
= Source number prefix
= Not applicable, set to $$
= Source IP address
Note: To update the VoiceXML
file, change the name of the file
in the ‘c’ field.
The ‘b’ to ‘f’ manipulation rules are applied if the called
and calling numbers match the ‘a’, ‘g’ and ‘i’ conditions.
The manipulation rules are executed in the following
order: ‘b’, ‘d’ and ‘c’.
Parameters can be skipped by using the sign "$$", for
example:
NumberMapIP2Tel =2222,4,http://10.3.0.2/AAIP.txt
Note: The Source IP address can include the “x” wildcard
to represent single digits. For example: 10.8.8.xx
represents all the addresses between 10.8.8.10 to
10.8.8.99.
VoicePromptsFileNam The name (and path) of the file containing the Voice
e
Prompts definitions.
SaveConfiguration
Set to 1 to store the Voice Prompts file in the non-volatile
memory (file size mustn’t exceed 1Mb).
EnableVoiceStreaming
Set to 1 to enable the load of
the VoiceXML file from the
HTTP server.
0 = Disable voice streaming (default).
1 = Enable voice streaming.
Table K-2: VoiceXML Related Parameters
ini File Field Name
Valid Range and Description
EnableVxml
0 = Disable the VXML feature (default).
[Enable VXML]
1 = Enable the VXML feature.
VxmlID
[VXML ID]
According to this string, the Mediant 2000 recognizes that an incoming call is to be diverted
to the IVR system.
Note: Set to “http” (the “http” string must also appear in the manipulation table).
VxmlCollectDigits
Determines the destination to which the VXML script reports the collected number
(username).
0 = The collected number (username) is sent for authentication to the RADIUS server
(default).
1 = The collected number is sent (in INFO message) to an Application / Proxy server.
•
•
•
•
•
EnableRADIUS
MaxRADIUSSessions
SharedSecret
RADIUSRetransmission
RADIUSTo
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K. RADIUS Billing and VXML Calling Card Application
•
•
•
•
•
•
RADIUSAuthServerIP
RADIUSAuthPort
RADIUSAccServerIP
RADIUSAccPort
AAAIndications
RADIUSAccountingType
K.7 Supported RADIUS Attributes
packets transmitted between the Mediant 2000 and a RADIUS Server.
Attribute
Number
VSA
No.
Value
Format
Attribute Name
Purpose
Sample
AAA
Request Attributes
Start Acc
Stop Acc
Authe
String up to
15 digits
long
Account number or calling
party number or blank
1
2
4
User-Name
5421385747
Autho
Up to 15
digits
User-Password
NAS-IP-Address
Service-Type
User password
Autho
Start Acc
Stop Acc
Authe
IP address of the requesting
Mediant 2000
192.168.14.4
3
Numeric
Autho
Start Acc
Stop Acc
6
Numeric
Type of service requested
H.323/SIP call identifier
1: login
Up to 32
octets
h323-incoming-
conf-id
Start Acc
Stop Acc
26
26
1
h323-remote-
address
IP address of the remote
gateway
23
Numeric
Stop Acc
Start Acc
Stop Acc
Authe
Up to 32
octets
26
24
h323-conf-id
H.323/SIP call identifier
Autho
Start Acc
Stop Acc
26
26
25
26
String
String
h323-setup-time
h323-call-origin
h323-call-type
Setup time in NTP format 1
The call’s originator:
Answering (IP) or Originator
(PSTN)
Answer,
Originate etc
Start Acc
Stop Acc
Protocol type or family used
on this leg of the call
Start Acc
Stop Acc
26
26
26
26
27
28
29
30
String
String
VoIP
h323-connect-
time
Connect time in NTP format
Stop Acc
Stop Acc
Stop Acc
h323-disconnect-
time
Disconnect time in NTP
format
String
h323-disconnect-
cause
Q.931 disconnect cause
code
Numeric
2 The values in column ‘AAA’ are as follows:
’Start Acc’ -
’Stop Acc’ -
’Authe’ -
Start Accounting
Stop Accounting
Authentication
Authorization
’Autho’ -
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Table K-3: Supported RADIUS Attributes (continues on pages 251 to 252)
2
Attribute
Number
VSA
No.
Value
Format
Attribute Name
Purpose
Sample
AAA
Start Acc
Stop Acc
26
33
String
String
String
h323-gw-id
Name of the gateway
SIPIDString
8004567145
2427456425
Start Acc
30
Called-Station-Id
Calling-Station-Id
Stop Acc
Autho
Destination phone number
Calling Party Number (ANI)
Start Acc
Stop Acc
Authe
31
String
5135672127
Autho
Account Request Type
(start or stop)
1: start, 2:
stop
Start Acc
Stop Acc
40
41
42
43
Numeric
Numeric
Numeric
Numeric
Acct-Status-Type
Acct-Delay-Time
Acct-Input-Octets
No. of seconds tried in
sending a particular record
Start Acc
Stop Acc
5
Number of octets received
for that call duration
Stop Acc
Stop Acc
Acct-Output-
Octets
Number of octets sent for
that call duration
A unique accounting
identifier - match start &
stop
Start Acc
Stop Acc
44
String
Acct-Session-Id
34832
Acct-Session-
Time
For how many seconds the
user received the service
46
47
48
Numeric
Numeric
Numeric
Stop Acc
Stop Acc
Stop Acc
Acct-Input-
Packets
Number of packets received
during the call
Acct-Output-
Packets
Number of packets sent
during the call
Start Acc
Stop Acc
Authe
Mediant 2000 physical port
type on which the call is
active
0:
61
String
NAS-Port-Type
Asynchronou
s
Autho
Response Attributes
Number of seconds for
which the call is authorized
26
26
26
44
102
103
109
Numeric
Numeric
Numeric
String
h323-crdit-time
360
Autho
The reason for failing
authentication (0 = ok, other
number failed)
Authe
Autho
Stop Acc
0 Request
accepted
h323-return-code
h323-billing-model
Acct-Session-Id
Type of billing service for a
specific call
1:debit/prepai
d
Authe
A unique accounting
identifier – match start &
stop
Stop Acc
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K. RADIUS Billing and VXML Calling Card Application
K.8 RADIUS Server Messages
Note:
preceded with brackets.
K.8.1 Authentication
Figure K-4: Authentication Example
Access-Request (116)
user-name = 111
user-password = (encrypted)
nas-ip-address = 212.179.22.213
nas-port-type = 0
calling-station-id = 202
// Authentication non-standard parameters:
(4923 24) h323-conf-id = 02102944 600a1899 3fd61009 0e2f3cc5
In the Access-Accept response, the RADIUS server sends the billing model:
(4923 109) h323-billing-model = 1/0
The billing model is a non-standard parameter and can be one of the following:
•
•
1 = credit (prepaid)
0 = debit (postpaid)
When a billing model isn’t received, the Mediant 2000 assumes a prepaid billing model (1).
12.1.1 Authorization
Figure K-5: Authorization Example
Access-Request (121)
user-name = 111
user-password = (encrypted)
nas-ip-address = 212.179.22.213
nas-port-type = 0
called-station-id = 201
calling-station-id = 202
// Authorization non-standard parameters:
(4923 24) h323-conf-id = 02102944 600a1899 3fd61009 0e2f3cc5
In the Access-Accept response, the RADIUS server sends the credit time:
(4923 102) h323-credit-time = 6000
The credit-time is a non-standard parameter which is measured in seconds.
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12.1.2 Accounting
Figure K-6: Accounting Example
Accounting-Request (361)
user-name = 111
acct-session-id = 1
nas-ip-address = 212.179.22.213
nas-port-type = 0
acct-status-type = 2
acct-input-octets = 4841
acct-output-octets = 8800
acct-session-time = 1
acct-input-packets = 122
acct-output-packets = 220
called-station-id = 201
calling-station-id = 202
// Accounting non-standard parameters:
(4923 33) h323-gw-id =
(4923 23) h323-remote-address = 212.179.22.214
(4923 1) h323-ivr-out = h323-incoming-conf-id:02102944 600a1899
3fd61009 0e2f3cc5
(4923 30) h323-disconnect-cause = 22 (0x16)
(4923 27) h323-call-type = VOIP
(4923 26) h323-call-origin = Originate
(4923 24) h323-conf-id = 02102944 600a1899 3fd61009 0e2f3cc5
K.9 Voice XML Interpreter
VoiceXML (Voice Extensible Markup Language) is designed for creating audio dialogs that
feature synthesized speech, digitized audio, recognition of speech and DTMF inputs, recording of
spoken input, telephony, and mixed initiative conversations. Its major goal is to bring the
advantages of Web-based development and content delivery to interactive voice response
applications.
K.9.1 Features
•
Supports DTMF recognition.
•
Executes audio dialogs between the gateway and a user, supporting mixed initiative
applications.
•
•
Audio prompt recording (currently not supported).
Transfer Support - Using the <Transfer> element, the Mediant 2000 places a call to different
destinations.
•
•
JavaScript Expression Support - Supports ECMA script specification 3.0 (standard ECMA-
262).
Supports definition of the end-dial key (‘*’ or ‘#’) that terminates the DTMF collection.
To define whether * or # are used to terminate the DTMF collection, add the following line to
each script:
<property name="EndDialKey" value="*">,
OR
<property name="EndDialKey" value="#">
•
Supports number concatenation, enabling number modification per VXML script.
<filled>
<assign name="user_passwd" expr="'domain'+user_passwd + '.com'"/>
<return namelist="user_account_num user_passwd"/>
</filled>
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The user_passwd parameter (that initially contained the user password collected from the user) is
being assigned the value ‘domain'+user_passwd + '.com’.
•
Calling number (recived form SIP incoming call) can optionally be used for authentication
instead of the user name.
form id="GetCallerId">
<log label="VXML--> getting caller id from SIP..." />
<object name="FCallerId" classid="builtin://com.audiocodes.ulp.input">
<filled>
<if cond="FCallerId.Result != 'fail'">
<assign name="CallerId" expr="FCallerId.Result" />
<goto next="#PerformAuthenWithoutUserName" />
<else />
<goto next="#PerformAuthen" />
</if>
</filled>
</object>
</form>
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K.10 Supported Elements & Attributes
Element
Element’s
Description
Parameter
s
Parameter’s Description
Supported
<assign> Assign value to
name
expr
expr
The name of the modified variable
The new value of the variable.
ꢂ
ꢂ
ꢂ
variable
<audio>
<block>
Plays an audio clip
within a prompt
Dynamically determines the URI to fetch by
evaluating this ECMAScript expression.
A container of (non-
interactive)
executable code
<catch>
Catch an event
event
count
The event or events to catch.
The occurrence of the event (default 1).
ꢂ
An expression which must evaluate to true after
conversion to Boolean in order for the event to be
caught, (defaults true).
cond
<choice> Defines a menu item dtmf
accept
The DTMF sequence for this choice.
Override the setting for accept in <menu> for this
particular choice.
next
expr
URI of the next dialog or doc.
Specifies an expression to evaluate as a URI to
transition to instead of specifying a next.
Specify an event to be thrown instead of specifying a
next.
ꢂ
event
An ECMAScript expression evaluating to the name of
the event to be thrown.
eventexpr
message
A message string providing additional context about
the event being thrown.
messageex An ECMAScript expression evaluating to the
pr
message string.
<clear>
Clear one or more
form item variables
namelist
The list of variables to be reset.
ꢂ
ꢂ
ꢂ
<disconnect>
<else>
Disconnect a session
Used in <if>
elements
<elseif>
<error>
Used in <if>
elements
ꢂ
ꢂ
Catch an error event count
The event count
An optional condition to test to see if the event is
caught by this element. Defaults to true.
cond
<exit>
Exit a session
expr
A return expression.
ꢂ
ꢂ
namelist
Variable names to be returned to interpreter context.
<field>
Declares an input
field in a form
The form item variable in the dialog scope that holds
the result.
name
expr
The initial value of the form item variable;
An expression that must evaluate to true after
conversion to Boolean in order for the form item to be
visited.
cond
type
slot
The type of field.
The name of the grammar slot used to populate the
variable. (Not Supported)
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Table K-4: VoiceXML Supported Elements & Attributes (continues on pages 256 to 260)
Element
Element’s
Description
Parameter
s
Parameter’s Description
Supported
If this is false (the default) all active grammars are
turned on while collecting this field.
modal
<filled>
<form>
An action executed
when fields are filled
mode
namelist
id
Either all (the default), or any.
The input items to trigger on.
The name of the form.
ꢂ
ꢂ
A dialog for
presenting
information and
collecting data
scope
The default scope of the form’s grammars.
<goto>
Go to another dialog next
The URI to which to transition.
in the same or
different document
expr
An ECMAScript expression that yields the URI.
ꢂ
The name of the next form item to visit in the current
form.
nextitem
version
<grammar> Specify a speech
recognition or DTMF
grammar
Defines the version of the grammar. (Not
Supported)
The language identifier of the contained or
referenced grammar. (Not Supported)
xml:lang
Defines the mode of the contained or referenced
grammar following the modes of the W3C Speech
values are "voice" and "dtmf" for DTMF input. (Not
Supported)
mode
Defines the public rule which acts as the root rule of
the grammar.
root
Defines the tag content format for all tags within the ꢂ
tag-format
base
grammar. (Not Supported)
Declares the base URI from which relative URIs are
resolved. (Not Supported)
The URI specifying the location of the grammar and
optionally a rulename within that grammar, if it is
external.
src
Either "document", which makes the grammar active
in all dialogs of the current document or "dialog", to
make the grammar active throughout the current
form.
scope
type
The media type of the grammar.
The event count.
<help>
Catch a help event
count
ꢂ
ꢂ
An optional condition to test to see if the event is
caught by this element.
cond
<if>
Simple conditional
logic
<link>
Specify a transition
common to all
dialogs in the link’s
scope
next
expr
The URI to go to.
Like next, except that the URI is dynamically
determined.
The event to throw when the user matches one of the
link grammars.
event
An ECMAScript expression evaluating to the name of
eventexpr
message
the event to throw when the user matches one of the ꢂ
link grammars.
A message string providing additional context about
the event being thrown.
messageex An ECMAScript expression evaluating to the
pr
message string.
dtmf
The DTMF sequence for this link.
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Table K-4: VoiceXML Supported Elements & Attributes (continues on pages 256 to 260)
Element
<log>
Element’s
Description
Parameter
s
Parameter’s Description
Supported
Generate a debug
message
label
expr
A string which may be used.
ꢂ
An ECMAscript expression evaluating to a string.
The identifier of the menu.
<menu>
A dialog for choosing id
amongst alternative
destinations
scope
The menu’s grammar scope.
ꢂ
When set to true, the first nine choices that have not
explicitly specified a value for the dtmf attribute are
given the implicit ones "1", "2", etc.
Dtmf
<noinput> Catch a noinput
count
cond
count
cond
The event count.
event
ꢂ
ꢂ
An optional condition to test to see if the event is
caught by this element.
<nomatch> Catch a nomatch
The event count.
event
An optional condition to test to see if the event is
caught by this element.
<object> Interact with a
When the object is evaluated, it sets this variable to
an ECMAScript value whose type is defined by the
object.
custom extension
name
expr
The initial value of the form item variable.
An expression that must evaluate to true after
conversion to Boolean in order for the form item to be
visited.
cond
The URI specifying the location of the object’s
implementation.
classid
ꢂ
The base path used to resolve relative URIs
specified by classid, data, and archive. (Not
Supported)
codebase
The content type of data expected when loading the
object specified by classid. (Not Supported)
codetype
data
The URI specifying the location of the object’s data.
The content type of the data specified by the data
attribute. (Not Supported)
type
<param> Parameter in
<object> or
The name to be associated with this parameter when
the object or sub-dialog is invoked.
Name
<subdialog>
An expression that computes the value associated
with name.
expr
value
Associates a literal string value with name.
ꢂ
One of data or ref, by default data; used to indicate to
an object if the value associated with name is data or
a URI (ref).
valuetype
type
The media type of the result provided by a URI if the
valuetype is ref;
<property> Control
implementation
ꢂ
ꢂ
platform settings.
<record> Record an audio
name
expr
The input item variable that holds the recording.
The initial value of the form item variable;
sample
An expression that must evaluate to true after
conversion to Boolean in order for the form item to be
visited.
cond
If this is true all non-local speech and DTMF
grammars are not active while making the recording.
modal
beep
If true, a tone is emitted just prior to recording. (Not
Supported)
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Table K-4: VoiceXML Supported Elements & Attributes (continues on pages 256 to 260)
Element
Element’s
Description
Parameter
s
Parameter’s Description
Supported
The interval of silence that indicates end of speech.
(Not Supported)
finalsilence
dtmfterm
If true, any DTMF keypress not matched by an active
grammar is treated as a match of an active local
DTMF grammar. (Not Supported)
type
The media format of the resulting recording.
Return, and then throw this event.
<return>
Return from a
subdialog.
event
Return, and then throw the event to which this
ECMAScript expression evaluates.
eventexpr
message
A message string providing additional context about
the event being thrown.
ꢂ
messageex An ECMAScript expression evaluating to the
pr
message string.
namelist
name
Expr
Variable names to be returned to calling dialog.
The result returned from the sub-dialog,
The initial value of the form item variable.
<subdialog> Invoke another
dialog as a subdialog
of the current one
An expression that must evaluate to true after
conversion to Boolean in order for the form item to be
visited.
cond
The list of variables to submit. The default is to
submit no variables. If a namelist is supplied, it may
contain individual variable references which are
submitted with the same qualification used in the
namelist. Declared VoiceXML and ECMAScript
variables can be referenced.
ꢂ
namelist
src
The URI of the sub-dialog.
An ECMAScript expression yielding the URI of the
sub-dialog
srcexpr
method
next
The URI reference.
<submit> Submit values to a
document server
Like next, except that the URI reference is
dynamically determined.
expr
ꢂ
namelist
method
event
The list of variables to submit.
The request method: get (the default) or post.
The event being thrown.
<throw>
Throw an event.
An ECMAScript expression evaluating to the name of
the event being thrown.
eventexpr
message
ꢂ
ꢂ
A message string providing additional context about
the event being thrown.
messageex An ECMAScript expression evaluating to the
pr
message string.
<transfer> Transfer the caller to name
Stores the outcome of a bridge transfer attempt.
The initial value of the form item variable.
another destination
expr
An expression that must evaluate to true in order for
the form item to be visited.
cond
dest
The URI of the destination (telephone, IP telephony
address).
An ECMAScript expression yielding the URI of the
destination.
destexpr
bridge
Determines whether the platform remains in the
connection with the caller and callee.
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Table K-4: VoiceXML Supported Elements & Attributes (continues on pages 256 to 260)
Element
Element’s
Description
Parameter
s
Parameter’s Description
Supported
The URI of audio source to play while the transfer
attempt is in progress (before far-end answer). (Not
Supported)
transferaudi
o
An internal Voice Prompt ID that determines the VP
that is played when the maximal time allowed for a
call expires.
endaudio
An internal Voice Prompt ID that determines the VP
that is played finalalerttime seconds before the
maximal time allowed for a call expires.
finalalertaud
io
Determines how many seconds before the maximal
time allowed for a call expires, the finalalertaudio VP
is played.
finalalerttim
e
<var>
Declare a variable
name
expr
The name of the variable that holds the result.
The initial value of the variable.
ꢂ
ꢂ
<vxml>
Top-level element in
each VoiceXML
document
The version of VoiceXML of this document
(required). (Not Supported)
version
The designated namespace for VoiceXML (required).
(Not Supported)
xmlns
The base URI for this document as defined in [XML-
xml:base
xml:lang
application
The language identifier for this document as defined
The URI of this document’s application root
document, if any. (Not Supported)
Table K-5: VoiceXML Supported Properties
Property description
Default Value
Property Name
The maximum time (in seconds) to wait from the time the script
is fetched.
5 seconds
FetchTimeout
5 seconds
#
TimeoutExpirationTime
EndDialKey
The maximum time to wait for the first digit in the user’s input.
The user’s input that terminates the current collection.
K.11 Provided Calling Card System
K.11.1 Voice Prompts
0. “Welcome to the calling card service”.
1. “To make a call press 1, for help press 2, for operator assistance press 3, to exit press 4.
2. “Invalid selection. Please try again”.
3. “Unable to recognize your entry. Please try again” .
4. “Please call again later”.
5. “Please enter your account number followed by the pound key”.
6. “Please enter your password followed by the pound key”.
7. “Please wait while we verify your account number and password”.
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8. “Your account number and password do not match”.
9. “We are having technical difficulties, please call again later”.
10. “Please enter the number that you wish to call followed by the pound key”.
11. “The number you are calling is busy”.
12. “The number you are calling is not answering, please call again later”.
13. “The person you called has hung up”.
14. “We are unable to complete your call”.
15. “Transferring your call”.
16. “Thank you for using the calling card service”.
17. “The menu is currently empty”.
18. “Operator assistance is currently unavailable”.
19. “You are unauthorized to access the number you are attempting to call”.
20. Final alert (one beep at 640 Hz for 0.5 second duration)
21. Time of call expired (one beep at 640 Hz for 1.5 second duration)
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K.11.2 VXML Flow Chart
Figure K-7: VXML Script Opening Menu
Play VP 0
Start
Play VP 1
No
DTMF Pressed?
Yes
Play VP 3
Yes
Yes
Pressed 1?
No
Go To Start
Go To 1
Pressed 2?
No
Go To 2
Go To 3
Yes
Pressed 3?
No
Yes
Pressed 4?
No
Go To 4
Yes
No Match
Counter = x?
Play VP 4
No
Play VP 2
Go To End
Go To Start
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K. RADIUS Billing and VXML Calling Card Application
Figure K-8: VXML Script Option 1, Make a Call
1
Play VP 5
No
DTMF Pressed?
Play VP 3
Go To 1
Yes
Play VP 6
DTMF Pressed?
No
Play VP 3
Yes
Play VP 7
Waits for
Authentication
No
Authentication
Finished?
Yes
Yes
Authentication
OK?
No
Go To Transfer
Yes
No Match
Counter = x?
No
Play VP 4
Play VP 7
No
Go To End
Go To 1
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Figure K-9: VXML Script, Call Transfer Procedure
Transfer
Play VP 10
No
DTMF Pressed?
Play VP 3
Yes
Play VP 15
Go to Transfer
Call for transfer
service
No
Yes
Transfer Failed?
Play either VP
11, 12 or 13
according to
Transfer failure
reason
No
Yes
Debit?
Final alert time
expired?
No
Go to End
Yes
Play VP 20
Time for call
expired?
No
Yes
Play VP 21
End
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Figure K-10: VXML Script, Options 2, 3 and 4
2
Play VP 17
Go To Start
3
Transfer Call To
an Operator
End
4
Play VP 16
End
Figure K-11: VXML Script, Call Termination
End
Yes
VXML Script
Terminated?
No
Play VP 16
Go To Start
Free Resources
End
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K.12 VXML Script Example
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<vxml version="1.0" application="http://phoenix1.iperia.com:8080/sa3/jsp/sa.jsp">
<var name="AAStatus" expr="0"/>
<form id="main_mc">
<log label="starting main form"/>
<block name="x">
<prompt>
<audio src="/0.wav">
wellcome to the pre-paid call service
</audio>
</prompt>
<goto next="#main_menu"/>
</block>
</form>
<form id="main_menu">
<log label="starting main_menu form"/>
<field name="option" type="number">
<dtmf>
1 | 2 | 3 | 4
</dtmf>
<property name="TimeoutExpirationTime" value="1"/>
<prompt bargein="true">
<audio src="/1.wav">
for making a call press 1
for help press 2
for human service press 3
to exit press 4
</audio>
</prompt>
<nomatch>
<log label="try again interupt"/>
<prompt>
<audio src="/2.wav">
that is an invalid selection. Please try again
</audio>
</prompt>
</nomatch>
<noinput>
<log label="no try interupt"/>
<prompt>
<audio src="/3.wav">
we did not get your input. Please try again
</audio>
</prompt>
</noinput>
<catch event="noinput nomatch" count="4">
<log label="quit interupt"/>
<prompt>
<audio src="/4.wav">
sorry please try again later
</audio>
</prompt>
<log label="please try again later"/>
<goto next="#disconnect"/>
</catch>
<filled>
<if cond="option == '1'">
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Figure K-12: VXML Script Example (continues on pages 266 to 270)
<if cond="AAStatus==0">
<goto next="#PerformAuthen"/>
<else/>
<goto next="#PerformTransfer"/>
</if>
<elseif cond="option =='2'"/>
<prompt>
<audio src="/17.wav">
sorry help is currently unavailble
</audio>
</prompt>
<goto next="#main_menu"/>
<elseif cond="option =='3'"/>
<goto next="#HelpTransfer"/>
<elseif cond="option == '4'"/>
<goto next="#disconnect"/>
</if>
</filled>
</field>
</form>
<form id="GetUserInfo">
<log label="starting get user info form" cond="'1' == '1'"/>
<field name="user_account_num" type="digits">
<prompt bargein="true">
<audio src="/5.wav">
please enter your account number
</audio>
</prompt>
</field>
<field name="user_passwd" type="digits">
<prompt bargein="true">
<audio src="/6.wav">
please enter your pin number
</audio>
</prompt>
</field>
<noinput>
<log label="no try interupt"/>
<prompt>
<audio src="/3.wav">
we did not get your input. Please try again
</audio>
</prompt>
</noinput>
<catch event="noinput nomatch" count="3">
<prompt>
<audio src="/4.wav">
please try again later
</audio>
</prompt>
<goto next="#disconnect"/>
</catch>
<filled>
<return namelist="user_account_num user_passwd"/>
</filled>
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Figure K-12: VXML Script Example (continues on pages 266 to 270)
</form>
<form id="GetCalledPartyTelephone">
<log label="starting get called party telephone form" cond="'1' == '1'"/>
<field name="dest_number" type="digits">
<prompt bargein="true">
<audio src="/10.wav">
please dial the telephone number
</audio>
</prompt>
<noinput>
<prompt>
<audio src="/3.wav">
illegal input
</audio>
</prompt>
</noinput>
<catch event="noinput nomatch" count="3">
<goto next="#disconnect"/>
</catch>
<filled>
<return namelist="dest_number"/>
</filled>
</field>
</form>
<form id="HelpTransfer">
<log label="performing help transfer"/>
<transfer name="mycall" destexpr="201" bridge="true">
<filled>
<goto next="#disconnect"/>
</filled>
</transfer>
</form>
<form id="PerformAuthen">
<log label="performing authentication"/>
<subdialog name="AuthenticationInfo" src="#GetUserInfo">
<filled>
<prompt>
<audio src="/7.wav">
please wait while your account and pin numbers are
cheked
</audio>
</prompt>
</filled>
</subdialog>
<object name="authenticate" classid="builtin://com.audiocodes.aaa.authenticate">
<param name="account" expr="AuthenticationInfo.user_account_num"/>
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K. RADIUS Billing and VXML Calling Card Application
Figure K-12: VXML Script Example (continues on pages 266 to 270)
<param name="password" expr="AuthenticationInfo.user_passwd"/>
<nomatch>
<prompt>
<audio src="/8.wav">
your account and password did not match.
</audio>
</prompt>
<clear namelist="AuthenticationInfo authenticate"/>
</nomatch>
<catch event="nomatch" count="4">
<goto next="#disconnect"/>
</catch>
<filled>
<assign name="AAStatus" expr="1"/>
<goto next="#PerformTransfer"/>
</filled>
</object>
</form>
<form id="PerformTransfer">
<log label="starting transfer form"/>
<subdialog name="Call" src="#GetCalledPartyTelephone">
</subdialog>
<object name="authorize" classid="builtin://com.audiocodes.aaa.authorize">
<param name="dest" expr="Call.dest_number"/>
<nomatch>
<prompt>
<audio src="/9.wav"/>
you are not authorized.
</prompt>
<clear namelist=" Call authorize "/>
</nomatch>
<catch event="nomatch" count="3">
<goto next="#disconnect"/>
</catch>
<filled>
<prompt>
<audio src="/15.wav">
calling
</audio>
</prompt>
</filled>
</object>
<transfer name="mycall" destexpr="Call.dest_number" bridge="true" endaudio="7"
finalalertaudio="4" finalalerttime="10">
<filled>
<if cond="mycall.Result=='fail'">
<prompt>
<audio src="/14.wav">
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Figure K-12: VXML Script Example (continues on pages 266 to 270)
called transfer failed
</audio>
</prompt>
<goto next="#main_menu"/>
<elseif cond="mycall.Result=='busy'"/>
<prompt>
<audio src="/11.wav">
called party is busy
</audio>
</prompt>
<goto next="#main_menu"/>
<elseif cond="mycall.Result=='maxtime'"/>
<prompt>
<audio src="/7.wav">
reached maximum time allowed
</audio>
</prompt>
<goto next="#main_menu"/>
<else/>
<goto next="#main_menu"/>
</if>
</filled>
</transfer>
</form>
<form id="disconnect">
<block name="x">
<prompt>
<audio src="/16.wav">
goodbye
</audio>
</prompt>
<log label="disconnect"/>
<exit/>
</block>
</form>
</vxml>
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L. SNMP Traps
Appendix L SNMP Traps
This section provides information on proprietary SNMP traps currently supported by the gateway.
There is a separation between traps that are alarms and traps that are not (logs). Currently all
have the same structure made up of the same 10 varbinds (Variable Binding)
(1.3.6.1.4.1.5003.9.10.1.21.1).
L.1
Alarm Traps
The following tables provide information on alarms that are raised as a result of a generated
SNMP trap. The component name (described in each of the following headings) refers to the
string that is provided in the ‘acBoardTrapGlobalsSource’ trap varbind. To clear a generated
alarm the same notification type is sent but with the severity set to ‘cleared’.
L.1.1 Component: System#0
Table L-1: acBoardFatalError Alarm Trap
Alarm:
acBoardFatalError
OID:
1.3.6.1.4.1.5003.9.10.1.21.2.0.1
Critical
Default Severity
Event Type:
Probable Cause:
Alarm Text:
Status Changes:
Condition:
equipmentAlarm
underlyingResourceUnavailable (56)
Board Fatal Error: <text>
Any fatal error
Alarm status:
<text> value:
Critical
A run-time specific string describing the fatal error
Condition:
After fatal error
Alarm status:
Corrective Action:
Status stays critical until reboot. A clear trap is not sent.
Capture the alarm information and the Syslog clause, if active. Contact your first-level
support group. The support group will likely want to collect additional data from the
device and perform a reset.
Table L-2: acBoardConfigurationError Alarm Trap
acBoardConfigurationError
1.3.6.1.4.1.5003.9.10.1.21.2.0.2
Critical
Alarm:
OID:
Default Severity
Event Type:
Probable Cause:
Alarm Text:
Status Changes:
Condition:
equipmentAlarm
underlyingResourceUnavailable (56)
Board Config Error: <text>
A configuration error was detected
critical
Alarm status:
<text> value:
A run-time specific string describing the configuration error.
Condition:
After configuration error
Alarm status:
Status stays critical until reboot. A clear trap is not sent.
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Table L-2: acBoardConfigurationError Alarm Trap
Corrective Action:
Inspect the run-time specific string to determine the nature of the configuration error. Fix
the configuration error using the appropriate tool: Web interface, EMS, or ini file. Save
the configuration and if necessary reset the device.
Table L-3: acBoardTemperatureAlarm Alarm Trap
acBoardTemperatureAlarm
1.3.6.1.4.1.5003.9.10.1.21.2.0.3
Critical
Alarm:
OID:
Default Severity
Event Type:
Probable Cause:
Alarm Text:
Status Changes:
Condition:
equipmentAlarm
temperatureUnacceptable (50)
Board temperature too high
Temperature is above 60 degrees C (140 degrees F)
Critical
Alarm status:
Condition:
After raise, temperature falls below 55 degrees C (131 degrees F)
Cleared
Alarm status:
Corrective Action:
Inspect the system. Determine if all fans in the system are properly operating.
Table L-4: acBoardEvResettingBoard Alarm Trap
acBoardEvResettingBoard
1.3.6.1.4.1.5003.9.10.1.21.2.0.5
Critical
Alarm:
OID:
Default Severity
Event Type:
Probable Cause:
Alarm Text:
Status Changes:
Condition:
equipmentAlarm
outOfService (71)
User resetting board
When a soft reset is triggered via the Web interface or SNMP.
Critical
Alarm status:
Condition:
After raise
Alarm status:
Corrective Action:
Status stays critical until reboot. A clear trap is not sent.
A network administrator has taken action to reset the device. No corrective action is
required.
Table L-5: acFeatureKeyError Alarm Trap
acFeatureKeyError
Alarm:
1.3.6.1.4.1.5003.9.10.1.21.2.0.6
Critical
OID:
Default Severity
Event Type:
Probable Cause:
Alarm Text:
Status Changes:
Note:
processingErrorAlarm
configurationOrCustomizationError (7)
Feature key error
Support of this alarm is pending
A feature key error has been detected
Critical
Condition:
Alarm status:
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L. SNMP Traps
Table L-5: acFeatureKeyError Alarm Trap
Condition:
After raise
Alarm status:
Corrective Action:
Status stays critical until reboot. A clear trap is not sent.
Obtain a corrected feature key from AudioCodes, activate it by loading to the device,
then reset the device.
Table L-6: acBoardCallResourcesAlarm Alarm Trap
acBoardCallResourcesAlarm
1.3.6.1.4.1.5003.9.10.1.21.2.0.8
Major
Alarm:
OID:
Default Severity
Event Type:
Probable Cause:
Alarm Text:
Status Changes:
Condition:
processingErrorAlarm
softwareError (46)
Call resources alarm
Number of free channels exceeds the predefined RAI high threshold.
Major
Alarm Status:
Note:
To enable this alarm the RAI mechanism must be activated (EnableRAI = 1).
Condition:
Number of free channels falls below the predefined RAI low threshold.
Alarm Status:
Cleared
Table L-7: acBoardControllerFailureAlarm Alarm Trap
acBoardControllerFailureAlarm
1.3.6.1.4.1.5003.9.10.1.21.2.0.9
Minor
Alarm:
OID:
Default Severity
Event Type:
Probable Cause:
Alarm Text:
Status Changes:
Condition:
processingErrorAlarm
softwareError (46)
Controller failure alarm
Proxy has not been found
Major
Alarm Status:
Additional Info:
Proxy not found. Use internal routing
or
Proxy lost. looking for another Proxy
Condition:
Proxy is found.
The clear message includes the IP address of this Proxy.
Alarm Status:
Cleared
Table L-8: acBoardOverloadAlarm Alarm Trap
acBoardOverloadAlarm
1.3.6.1.4.1.5003.9.10.1.21.2.0.11
Major
Alarm:
OID:
Default Severity
Event Type:
Probable Cause:
Alarm Text:
Status Changes:
processingErrorAlarm
softwareError (46)
Board overload alarm
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Table L-8: acBoardOverloadAlarm Alarm Trap
Condition:
An overload condition exists in one or more of the system components.
Major
Alarm Status:
Condition:
The overload condition passed
Cleared
Alarm Status:
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L. SNMP Traps
L.1.2 Component: AlarmManager#0
Table L-9: acActiveAlarmTableOverflow Alarm Trap
acActiveAlarmTableOverflow
1.3.6.1.4.15003.9.10.1.21.2.0.12
Major
Alarm:
OID:
Default Severity
Event Type:
Probable Cause:
Alarm Text:
Status Changes:
Condition:
processingErrorAlarm
resourceAtOrNearingCapacity (43)
Active alarm table overflow
Too many alarms to fit in the active alarm table
major
Alarm status:
Condition:
After raise
Alarm status:
Status stays major until reboot. A clear trap is not sent.
Note:
The status stays major until reboot as it denotes a possible loss of information until the
next reboot. If an alarm is raised when the table is full, it is possible that the alarm is
active, but does not appear in the active alarm table.
Corrective Action:
Some alarm information may have been lost, but the ability of the device to perform its
basic operations has not been impacted. A reboot is the only way to completely clear a
problem with the active alarm table. Contact your first-level group.
L.1.3 Component: EthernetLink#0
Table L-10: acBoardEthernetLinkAlarm Alarm Trap
acBoardEthernetLinkAlarm
1.3.6.1.4.1.5003.9.10.1.21.2.0.10
Critical
Alarm:
OID:
Default Severity
Event Type:
Probable Cause:
Alarm Text:
Status Changes:
Condition:
equipmentAlarm
underlyingResourceUnavailable (56)
Ethernet link alarm: <text>
Fault on single interface
major
Alarm status:
<text> value:
Redundant link is down
Condition:
Fault on both interfaces
critical
Alarm status:
<text> value:
No Ethernet link
Condition:
Both interfaces are operational
cleared
Alarm status:
Corrective Action:
Ensure that both Ethernet cables are plugged into the back of the system. Inspect the
system’s Ethernet link lights to determine which interface is failing. Reconnect the cable
or fix the network problem
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L.1.4 Other Traps
The following are provided as SNMP traps and are not alarms.
Table L-11: coldStart Trap
coldStart
Trap Name:
OID:
1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.1
SNMPv2-MIB
MIB
Note:
This is a trap from the standard SNMP MIB.
Table L-12: authenticationFailure Trap
authenticationFailure
1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.5
SNMPv2-MIB
Trap Name:
OID:
MIB
Table L-13: acBoardEvBoardStarted Trap
acBoardEvBoardStarted
Trap Name:
OID:
1.3.6.1.4.1.5003.9.10.1.21.2.0.4
AcBoard
MIB
cleared
Severity
equipmentAlarm
Event Type:
Probable Cause:
Alarm Text:
Note:
Other(0)
Initialization Ended
This is the AudioCodes Enterprise application cold start trap.
L.1.5 Trap Varbinds
Each trap described above provides the following fields (known as ‘varbinds’). Refer to the
AcBoard MIB for additional details on these varbinds.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
acBoardTrapGlobalsName
acBoardTrapGlobalsTextualDescription
acBoardTrapGlobalsSource
acBoardTrapGlobalsSeverity
acBoardTrapGlobalsUniqID
acBoardTrapGlobalsType
acBoardTrapGlobalsProbableCause
acBoardTrapGlobalsAdditionalInfo1
acBoardTrapGlobalsAdditionalInfo2
acBoardTrapGlobalsAdditionalInfo3
Note that ‘acBoardTrapGlobalsName’ is actually a number. The value of this varbind is ‘X’ minus
1, where ‘X’ is the last number in the trap’s OID. For example, the ‘name’ of
‘acBoardEthernetLinkAlarm’ is ‘9’. The OID for ‘acBoardEthernetLinkAlarm’ is 1.3.6.1.4.1.5003.
9.10.1.21.2.0.10.
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M. Regulatory Information
Appendix M Regulatory Information
Declaration of Conformity
Application of Council Directives:
73/23/EEC (including amendments),
89/336/EEC (including amendments),
1999/5/EC Annex-II of the Directive
Standards to which Conformity is Declared:
EN55022: 1998, Class A
EN55024: 1998
EN61000-3-2: 1995
(including amendments A1: 1998, A2: 1998, A14: 2000)
EN61000-3-3: 1995
EN60950-1: 2001
TBR-4: 1995 (including amendment A1: 1997)
TBR-13: 1996
TBR-12: 1993 (including amendment 1: 1996)
Manufacturer’s Name:
Manufacturer’s Address:
Type of Equipment:
Model Numbers:
AudioCodes Ltd.
1 Hayarden Street, Airport City, Lod 70151, Israel.
Digital VoIP System.
Mediant 2000, Stretto 2000, IPmedia 2000
I, the undersigned, hereby declare that the equipment specified above conforms to the above Directives and Standards.
11th February, 2005
Airport City, Lod, Israel
Signature
Date (Day/Month/Year)
Location
I. Zusmanovich, Compliance Engineering Manager
Czech
[AudioCodes Ltd] tímto prohlašuje, že tento [2000 Series] je ve shodě se základními požadavky a dalšími příslušnými ustanoveními směrnice 1999/5/ES."
Danish
Undertegnede [AudioCodes Ltd] erklærer herved, at følgende udstyr [2000 Series] overholder de væsentlige krav og øvrige relevante krav i direktiv
1999/5/EF
Dutch
Hierbij verklaart [AudioCodes Ltd] dat het toestel [2000 Series] in overeenstemming is met de essentiële eisen en de andere relevante bepalingen van
richtlijn 1999/5/EG
English
Estonian
Finnish
French
German
Greek
Hereby, [AudioCodes Ltd], declares that this [2000 Series] is in compliance with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions of Directive
1999/5/EC.
Käesolevaga kinnitab [AudioCodes Ltd] seadme [2000 Series] vastavust direktiivi 1999/5/EÜ põhinõuetele ja nimetatud direktiivist tulenevatele teistele
asjakohastele sätetele.
[AudioCodes Ltd] vakuuttaa täten että [2000 Series] tyyppinen laite on direktiivin 1999/5/EY oleellisten vaatimusten ja sitä koskevien direktiivin muiden
ehtojen mukainen.
Par la présente [AudioCodes Ltd] déclare que l'appareil [2000 Series] est conforme aux exigences essentielles et aux autres dispositions pertinentes de la
directive 1999/5/CE
Hiermit erklärt [AudioCodes Ltd], dass sich dieser/diese/dieses [2000 Series] in Übereinstimmung mit den grundlegenden Anforderungen und den anderen
relevanten Vorschriften der Richtlinie 1999/5/EG befindet". (BMWi)
ΜΕ ΤΗΝ ΠΑΡΟΥΣΑ [AudioCodes Ltd] ∆ΗΛΩΝΕΙ ΟΤΙ [2000 Series] ΣΥΜΜΟΡΦΩΝΕΤΑΙ ΠΡΟΣ ΤΙΣ ΟΥΣΙΩ∆ΕΙΣ ΑΠΑΙΤΗΣΕΙΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΙΣ ΛΟΙΠΕΣ ΣΧΕΤΙΚΕΣ
∆ΙΑΤΑΞΕΙΣ ΤΗΣ Ο∆ΗΓΙΑΣ 1999/5/ΕΚ
Hungarian
Alulírott, [AudioCodes Ltd] nyilatkozom, hogy a [2000 Series] megfelel a vonatkozó alapvetõ követelményeknek és az 1999/5/EC irányelv egyéb
elõírásainak
Icelandic
Italian
æki þetta er í samræmi við tilskipun Evrópusambandsins 1999/5
Con la presente [AudioCodes Ltd] dichiara che questo (2000 Series) è conforme ai requisiti essenziali ed alle altre disposizioni pertinenti stabilite dalla
direttiva 1999/5/CE.
Latvian
Ar šo [AudioCodes Ltd] deklarē, ka [2000 Series] atbilst Direktīvas 1999/5/EK būtiskajām prasībām un citiem ar to saistītajiem noteikumiem.
Lithuanian
Maltese
[AudioCodes Ltd] deklaruoja, kad irenginys [2000 Series] tenkina 1999/5/EB Direktyvos esminius reikalavimus ir kitas sios direktyvos nuostatas
Hawnhekk, [AudioCodes Ltd], jiddikjara li dan [2000 Series] jikkonforma mal-ħtiġijiet essenzjali u ma provvedimenti oħrajn relevanti li hemm fid-Dirrettiva
1999/5/EC
Norwegian
Polish
Dette produktet er i samhørighet med det Europeiske Direktiv 1999/5
[AudioCodes Ltd], deklarujemy z pelna odpowiedzialnoscia, ze wyrób [2000 Series] spelnia podstawowe wymagania i odpowiada warunkom zawartym w
dyrektywie 1999/5/EC
Portuguese
Slovak
[AudioCodes Ltd] declara que este [2000 Series] está conforme com os requisitos essenciais e outras disposições da Directiva 1999/5/CE.
[AudioCodes Ltd] týmto vyhlasuje, že [2000 Series] spĺňa základné požiadavky a všetky príslušné ustanovenia Smernice 1999/5/ES.
Šiuo [AudioCodes Ltd] deklaruoja, kad šis [2000 Series] atitinka esminius reikalavimus ir kitas 1999/5/EB Direktyvos nuostatas.
Slovene
Spanish
Por medio de la presente [AudioCodes Ltd] declara que el (200 Series) cumple con los requisitos esenciales y cualesquiera otras disposiciones aplicables
o exigibles de la Directiva 1999/5/CE
Swedish
Härmed intygar [AudioCodes Ltd] att denna [2000 Series] står I överensstämmelse med de väsentliga egenskapskrav och övriga relevanta bestämmelser
som framgår av direktiv 1999/5/EG.
Safety Notices
Installation and service of this gateway must only be performed by authorized, qualified service personnel.
The protective earth terminal on the back of the 2000 must be permanently connected to protective earth.
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Industry Canada Notice
This equipment meets the applicable Industry Canada Terminal Equipment technical specifications. This is confirmed by the
registration numbers. The abbreviation, IC, before the registration number signifies that registration was performed based on a
declaration of conformity indicating that Industry Canada technical specifications were met. It does not imply that Industry
Canada approved the equipment.
Digital Device Warnings
This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC rules and the requirements adopted by ACTA. On the bottom of this
equipment is a label that contains a product identifier in the format US:AC1ISNANMED2KDC. If requested this number must be
provided to the telephone company.
The Telephone company may make changes in the facilities, equipment, operations or procedures that could affect the
operation of the equipment. If this happens the telephone company will provide advance notice in order for you to make
necessary modifications to maintain uninterrupted service. Should you experience trouble with this telephone equipment,
contact: AudioCodes Inc, San Jose, CA USA. Tel: 1 408 577 0488. Do not attempt to repair this equipment!
Do not attempt to repair this equipment!
Facility Interface Code:
Service Order Code:
USOC Jack Type:
04DU9.BN, 04DU9.DN, 04DU9.1KN, 4DU9.ISN
6.0N
RJ21X or RJ48C
It this gateway causes harm to the telephone network, the telephone company will notify you in advance that temporary
discontinuance of service may be required. But if advance notice isn’t practical, the telephone company will notify the customer
as soon as possible. Also you will be advised of your right to file complaint with the FCC if you believe it is necessary.
Network Information and Intent of Use
The products are for access to ISDN at 2048 kb/s and for access to G.703 Leased lines at 2048 kb/s.
Network Compatibility
The products support the Telecom networks in EU that comply with TBR4 and TBR13.
Telecommunication Safety
The safety status of each port is declared and detailed in the table below:
Ports
E1 or T1
Safety Status
TNV-1
Ethernet (100 Base-TX)
SELV
TNV-1:
Telecommunication network voltage circuits whose normal operating voltages do not exceed the limits for SELV
under normal operating conditions and on which over voltages from telecommunication networks are possible.
SELV:
Safety extra low voltage circuit.
FCC Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC
Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This
equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the
instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However there is no guarantee that interference will not
occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be
determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the
following measures:
- Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
- Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
- Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
- Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
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M. Regulatory Information
Original
printed on
recycled paper
and available on
CD or Web site
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AudioCodes Offices
International Headquarters
AudioCodes Ltd.
1 Hayarden Street, Airport City, Lod 70151, Israel.
Tel: +972-3-976 4000
Fax: +972-3-976 4040
Email: [email protected]
USA Headquarters
AudioCodes, Inc.
2099 Gateway Place, Suite 500
San Jose, CA 95110
Tel: +1-408-411-1175
Fax: +1-408-451-9520
Email: [email protected]
USA Offices
Boston (MA), Chicago (IL), Research Triangle Park (NC),
Richardson (TX), Somerset (NJ)
AudioCodes Offices Worldwide
Beijing, London, Mexico City, Paris, Tokyo
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