NETGEAR Switch FS518T User Manual

FS518T.Manual.FINAL 5/19/00 12:55 PM Page 1  
Fast Ethernet Switch with Gigabit Uplinks  
Installation Guide  
MODE L  
FS 518T  
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Bestätigung des Herstellers/Importeurs  
Es wird hiermit bestätigt, daß das Model FS518T Fast Ethernet Switch gemäß der im BMPT-AmtsblVfg  
243/1991 und Vfg 46/1992 aufgeführten Bestimmungen entstört ist. Das vorschriftsmäßige Betreiben  
einiger Geräte (z.B.Testsender) kann jedoch gewissen Beschränkungen unterliegen. Lesen Sie dazu bitte  
die Anmerkungen in der Betriebsanleitung.  
Das Bundesamt für Zulassungen in der Telekommunikation wurde davon unterrichtet, daß dieses Gerät  
auf den Markt gebracht wurde und es ist berechtigt, die Serie auf die Erfüllung der Vorschriften hin zu  
überprüfen.  
Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement  
Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement  
This is a Class A product based on the standard of the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by  
Information Technology Equipment (VCCI). If this equipment is used in a domestic environment, radio  
disturbance may arise. When such trouble occurs, the user may be required to take corrective actions.  
Canadian Department of Communications Radio Interference Regulations  
This digital apparatus (Model FS518T Fast Ethernet Switch) does not exceed the Class A limits for  
radio-noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the  
Canadian Department of Communications.  
Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique du ministère des Communications  
Cet appareil numérique (Model FS518T Fast Ethernet Switch) respecte les limites de bruits radioélec-  
triques visant les appareils numériques de classe A prescrites dans le Règlement sur le brouillage  
radioélectrique du ministère des Communications du Canada.  
iii  
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Customer Support  
For assistance with installing and configuring your NETGEAR system or with questions or problems  
following installation:  
Check the NETGEAR Web page at http://www.NETGEAR.com.  
Call Technical Support at the phone number listed on the Support Information Card that shipped with  
your switch.  
Email Technical Support at support@NETGEAR.com.  
Defective or damaged merchandise can be returned to your point-of-purchase representative.  
Internet/World Wide Web  
NETGEAR maintains a World Wide Web home page that you can access at the universal resource locator  
(URL) http://www.NETGEAR.com. A connection to the Internet and a Web browser such as Internet  
Explorer or Netscape are required.  
iv  
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CONTENTS  
CHAPTER 1  
Introduction  
Benefits of Using Switching Technology  
Types of Ethernet Switches  
Model FS518T Switch Overview  
Features  
1-1  
1-2  
1-3  
1-4  
CHAPTER 2  
Physical Description  
Front Panel  
2-1  
2-3  
2-3  
2-3  
2-4  
2-6  
1000BASE-T UTP Ports  
Normal/Uplink Push Button  
Auto MDI/MDIX  
LEDs  
Rear Panel  
CHAPTER 3  
Applications  
Desktop Switching  
Segment Switching  
3-2  
3-3  
CHAPTER 4  
Installation  
Preparing the Site  
4-1  
4-1  
4-2  
4-2  
4-3  
4-5  
4-6  
Checking Package Contents  
Installing a Switch  
Installing the Switch on a Flat Surface  
Installing the Switch in a Rack  
Connecting Devices to the Switch  
Verifying Installation  
contents  
v
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CHAPTER 5  
Troubleshooting  
Network Adapter Cards  
Configuration  
5-2  
5-2  
5-2  
5-2  
Switch Integrity  
Auto Negotiation  
APPENDIX A  
Technical Specifications  
General Specifications  
A-1  
B-1  
APPENDIX B  
Connector Pin Assignments  
RJ-45 Plug and Vista RJ-45 Connector  
APPENDIX C  
Cabling Guidelines  
Fast Ethernet Cable Guidelines  
Category 5 Cable  
C-1  
C-2  
C-2  
C-3  
C-4  
C-5  
Category 5 Cable Specifications  
Twisted Pair Cables  
Patch Panels and Cables  
Using 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet over Category 5 Cable  
INDEX  
contents  
vi  
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FIGURES  
Figure 2-1.  
Figure 2-2.  
Figure 2-3.  
Front Panel of the Model FS518T Switch  
2-1  
2-2  
Vista RJ-45 Connector with Built-in LEDs  
1000BASE-T Vista RJ-45 Connector  
with Built-in LEDs  
2-3  
2-6  
Figure 2-4.  
Figure 3-1.  
Figure 3-2.  
Figure 4-1.  
Rear Panel of the Model FS518T Switch  
Model FS518T Switch Used as a Desktop Switch 3-2  
Model FS518T Switch Used as a Segment Switch 3-3  
Attaching Mounting Brackets to the  
Model FS518T Switch  
4-3  
Figure 4-2.  
Connecting to the Model FS518T  
Fast Ethernet Switch  
4-6  
Figure B-1. RJ-45 Plug and Vista RJ-45 Connector  
with Built-in LEDs  
B-1  
C-3  
C-3  
Figure C-1. Straight-through Twisted Pair Cable  
Figure C-2. Crossover Twisted Pair Cable  
Figure C-3. Category 5 UTP Patch Cable with  
Male RJ-45 Plug at Each End  
C-4  
figures  
vii  
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TABLES  
Table 2-1.  
Table 5-1.  
Table B-1.  
LED Descriptions  
2-5  
5-1  
Troubleshooting Information  
10/100 Mbps RJ-45 Plug and Vista RJ-45  
Connector Pin Assignments  
B-2  
Table B-2.  
Table C-1.  
100/1000 Mbps RJ-45 Plug and Vista RJ-45  
Connector Pin Assignments  
B-2  
C-2  
Electrical Requirements of Category 5 Cable  
tables  
viii  
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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION  
Congratulations on your purchase of the NETGEAR Model FS518T Fast Ethernet  
Switch.This switch provides you with a low-cost, high-performance network solution  
and is designed to support power workgroups operating at either 10 megabits per  
second (Mbps) or 100 Mbps.  
To relieve server and backbone bottlenecks, the Model FS518T switch also has  
two Gigabit Ethernet RJ-45 uplink ports.  
Benefits of Using Switching Technology  
A majority of installed networks today are based on shared network technology.  
With this technology, a number of users or groups of users share a total available  
network bandwidth (or network capacity) of 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, or other amounts  
of network bandwidth. For example, with a total of 10 users, the average bandwidth  
available to each user on a 10 Mbps network is calculated as 10/10 Mbps, which  
equals 1 Mbps of bandwidth per user. On a 100 Mbps (Fast Ethernet) network, the  
average bandwidth available to each of the 10 users is 100/10 Mbps, which equals  
10 Mbps of bandwidth per user.  
Ethernet switches significantly increase network throughput by segmenting network  
traffic.They check traffic coming in to each port to learn which network device  
is located on which segment. Based on this information, switches forward cross-  
segment traffic only to the appropriate segment.The traffic will not show up in  
the other segments because it is filtered out. In this way, network capacity is fully  
reserved for traffic destined for that segment only, and other segments will not be  
saturated with unnecessary traffic.  
Ethernet switches provide private, dedicated, 10 Mbps (or 100 Mbps) capacity to  
each connected PC/server or hub/workgroup segment, which is significantly higher  
than in a shared environment.The higher bandwidth enables the use of applications  
such as multimedia, imaging, video, or high-performance client-server functions  
among users who are spread out over the network.  
introduction  
1-1  
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This improvement is accomplished very easily, with no change to the desktop (the  
network interface cards or software and the network wiring). As a result, the per-  
formance upgrade and the applications it enables are obtained very quickly and at  
a low cost.  
When all network ports are operating at 100 Mbps and sending traffic to the server,  
the server needs a faster transmission speed to avoid bottlenecks.The 1000 Mbps  
(Gigabit) ports add the necessary increase in throughput.  
Types of Ethernet Switches  
Ethernet switches can be classified in different waysas desktop switches or as  
segment switches. A desktop switch is designed to support one or a few PCs per  
port. It is generally used when the individuals need the full 10 Mbps network  
throughput to support the applications. Often, these switches support only a single  
MAC (media access control) address per port, have high-speed 100 Mbps ports to  
connect to fast servers, and are relatively inexpensive compared to a segment switch.  
A segment switch, in contrast, is designed to support an entire workgroup on each  
port, with each port having significant memory buffering and supporting thousands  
of MAC addresses.  
Switches can also be classified by speed. As the name suggests, 10 Mbps switches  
support only 10 Mbps connections. Similarly, 100 Mbps switches support only  
100 Mbps connections. Usually, 10/100 Mbps switches have primarily 10 Mbps ports  
with only one or a few 100 Mbps ports. Auto-sensing 10/100 Mbps switches support  
10 Mbps or 100 Mbps connections on each port and are the most versatile and  
adaptive type of switches. Gigabit (1000 Mbps) switch ports are used to connect to  
shared network resources and network backbones at higher speed.  
introduction  
1-2  
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Model FS518T Switch Overview  
The NETGEAR Model FS518T Fast Ethernet Switch with Gigabit uplinks is an  
auto-sensing 10/100 Mbps switch with two 100/1000 Gigabit uplink interfaces.  
This high-performance switch is developed primarily to be used either as a segment  
switch or a desktop switch.  
The Gigabit Ethernet uplink ports on the Model FS518T switch can be used to  
connect to the network backbone and shared network resources, such as servers, at  
10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, or 1000 Mbps.The full-duplex 1000BASE-T ports allow users  
to connect at high speed to a wiring closet or server located up to 100 meters away,  
on existing Category 5 unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable.  
All of the network ports on the Model FS518T switch can adapt automatically to  
the speed of the connected network or the PC, and the ports can operate at either  
10 Mbps or 100 Mbps. In addition, each port can automatically negotiate with the  
connected device to operate in full-duplex mode. If the connected device is operating  
in half-duplex mode only, or does not have the capability to participate in the negoti-  
ation process, the port will default to half-duplex mode.  
The Model FS518T switch can be used to partition a 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps net-  
work to enhance the capacity of the network to support advanced applications. In  
addition, the switch provides a link between traditional 10 Mbps networks and faster  
100 Mbps networks. By installing a Model FS518T switch, a user can connect any  
10 Mbps or 100 Mbps device to the switch.The Model FS518T switch provides a  
built-in upgrade path; you can remove a 10 Mbps connection and replace the connec-  
tion with a 100 Mbps connection with little or no change to the rest of the network.  
The Model FS518T switch can be effectively used to join multiple 100 Mbps Fast  
Ethernet segments and to extend the reach of the network. Copper-based Fast  
Ethernet networks have a network diameter of up to 200 meters.The Model FS518T  
switch can be used to join these 200-meter segments to enable them to function  
as a single logical network. With one Model FS518T switch, the reach extends to  
400 meters.  
All 10/100 ports can auto negotiate the duplex mode with the connected device.  
If the other link partner does not support negotiation, the ports default to half-duplex  
introduction  
1-3  
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mode. Gigabit ports will advertise their speed and full-duplex operation, and  
negotiate flow control with the connected device at 1000BASE-T and 100BASE-TX.  
Because the Model FS518T switch is an ISO media access control (MAC) layer  
device, the switch is network protocol independent and compatible with all popular  
networks such as the Internet or TCP/IP, NetWare, DECnet, Microsoft NETBEUI,  
and LANTASTIC.  
Features  
The Model FS518T switch has the following key features:  
Sixteen auto-negotiating (speed, duplex mode, and flow control) 10/100 Mbps  
UTP ports to provide fast information exchange, resource sharing, and client or  
peer-to-peer communication using simple Category 5 UTP cable  
Eighteen vista RJ-45 network ports, with built-in LEDs to monitor individual port  
status  
Two auto-negotiating (speed, duplex mode, and flow control) 100/1000 Mbps  
UTP ports which support 100 Mbps or 1000 Mbps full-duplex with standard  
RJ-45 connectors  
Auto negotiation supported by all 10/100 Mbps and Gigabit ports  
Automatic address-learning function to build the packet-forwarding information  
table  
The table contains up to 8,000 MAC addresses (that is, the switch can support  
networks with as many as 8,000 devices).  
Wire-speed filtering and forwarding to direct traffic to the appropriate route with-  
out slowing down the traffic  
Store-and-forward forwarding mode to minimize erroneous packets on the network  
Aging function to automatically track changes in network configuration  
introduction 1-4  
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Minimum latency of packet transmission (leading edge to leading edge) less than  
80 µs  
Easy Plug and Play installation with no software to configure, saving time and  
minimizing the potential for configuration errors  
Protocol independence and compatibility with all common protocols, such as  
TCP/IP, NetWare, DECnet, and Microsoft Networks  
Normal/Uplink push button to simplify network extension to 10/100 segments  
Connection to a hub, using a simple, straight-through cable  
Auto MDI/MDIX on Gigabit ports, requiring no Normal/Uplink switch on the  
two Gigabit ports  
Conformity to standards:  
IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T standard  
IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX standard  
IEEE 802.3ab 1000BASE-T standard  
IEEE 802.3x flow control  
Rack Mount Kit provided for installing the switch in a standard 19-inch equip-  
ment rack, or for mounting on the wall  
introduction  
1-5  
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CHAPTER 2: PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION  
This chapter describes the hardware features of the NETGEAR Model FS518T Fast  
Ethernet Switch.  
Front Panel  
For easier management and control of the Model FS518T switch, familiarize your-  
self with the ports, LEDs, and Normal/Uplink push button on the front panel of the  
switch, as illustrated in Figure 2-1.  
1
2
3
6
MOD  
EL FS518T  
Sw itch in  
g
Activity  
5
PORT  
18  
1
9
2
3
4
6
7
8
17  
18  
1
4
5
8
17  
18  
10/100Mbps Fast Ethernet Switch  
with Gigabit Ports  
100M  
10M  
On  
=
Link  
1000M  
100M  
Green  
=
=
FDX, Yellow  
Activity  
=
=
COL  
Normal/Uplink  
Power  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
9
12  
13  
16  
Green  
FDX, Yellow  
COL  
4
5
6
9307FB  
Key:  
1 = Power LED  
2 = Rx/Tx LEDs  
3 = FDX/COL LEDs  
4 = 10/100 Mbps UTP ports with 10M or 100M Link LEDs on each port  
5 = Normal/Uplink push button for port 16  
6 = 100/1000 Mbps UTP ports with 100M or 1000M link LEDs on each port  
Figure 2-1. Front Panel of the Model FS518T Switch  
physical description  
2-1  
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As Figure 2-1 shows, the Model FS518T switch is equipped with 16 auto-sensing  
10/100 Mbps Fast Ethernet UTP ports.The network access speed for the  
10/100 Mbps ports is automatically sensed and displayed on the front panel by  
the 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps Link LEDs.  
The 10/100 Mbps ports support only UTP cable using an 8-pin RJ-45 plug.  
Each of the 10/100 Mbps ports uses vista RJ-45 connectors that have built-in  
LEDs, as illustrated in Figure 2-2.The LEDs, as described in Table 2-1 on page 2-5,  
indicate that the connection to the port is valid and that the port is operating at  
either 10 or 100 Mbps.  
For further information about the vista RJ-45 connector and the RJ-45 plug, refer  
to Appendix B, Connector Pin Assignments,and Appendix C, Cabling Guidelines.”  
1
2
735EA  
Key:  
1 = 100M Link LED  
2 = 10M Link LED  
Figure 2-2. Vista RJ-45 Connector with Built-in LEDs  
physical description  
2-2  
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1000BASE-T UTP Ports  
The Model FS518T switch has two 1000BASE-T UTP ports.These ports can  
operate at 1000 Mbps full-duplex mode or 100 Mbps full/half duplex mode, and  
provide a standard UTP for Category 5 or Category 5e cable. Figure 2-3 shows a  
vista RJ-45 connector. For further information about Category 5 cables and connec-  
tors, refer to Appendix B, Connector Pin Assignments,and Appendix C, Cabling  
Guidelines.The 1000BASE-T requires very careful cable installation.  
1
2
735EA  
Key:  
1 = 1000M Link LED  
2 = 100M Link LED  
Figure 2-3. 1000BASE-T Vista RJ-45 Connector with Built-in LEDs  
Normal/Uplink Push Button  
The Normal/Uplink push button on the front panel of the switch, as illustrated in  
Figure 2-1, allows you to select uplink (MDI) or normal (MDI-X) wiring for port 16  
on the Model FS518T switch.This port is configured for normal wiring to connect to  
a PC when the push button is in the out position. When the push button is pressed in,  
this port is configured for uplink wiring to connect to another switch or to a hub,  
using a straight-through twisted pair cable.  
Auto MDI/MDIX  
The 1000BASE-T ports will automatically detect a crossover cable and correct for  
cabling cross overs.  
physical description  
2-3  
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LEDs  
The LEDs on the front panel of the switch and two vista LEDs on each RJ-45  
connector allow you to identify the following information:  
Status of the power supply  
For each 10/100 Ethernet port:  
Network link at 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps  
Data transmission or receive activity  
Collision occurrence when in half-duplex mode or full-duplex mode  
For the 100/1000 Gigabit Ethernet port:  
Network link of 100 Mbps or 1000 Mbps  
Data transmission or receive activity at 100 Mbps or 1000 Mbps  
Collision occurrence when in half-duplex mode or full-duplex mode at  
100 Mbps or 1000 Mbps  
physical description  
2-4  
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Table 2- 1 describes each LED on the front panel of the Model FS518T switch.  
Table 2-1. LED Descriptions  
Label  
Power  
Color  
Activity  
Description  
Green  
On  
Power is supplied to the switch.  
Power is disconnected.  
Off  
Rx/Tx  
Green  
Blinking  
Packet transmission or reception is occurring on  
the port.The blinking action corresponds to the  
number of packets that are transmitted or received.  
Off  
On  
No packet transmission or reception is  
occurring on the port.  
FDX/COL  
Green  
A full-duplex link is established on the port.  
Yellow On  
A half-duplex link is established on the  
port, and the port is experiencing collisions.  
(Note that occasional collisions are normal.)  
Off  
No full-duplex link is established, or no collisions  
are occurring on the port when operating in  
half-duplex mode.  
100M Link (located  
at the top left corner  
each 10/100 Mbps  
UTP port)  
Green  
Green  
Green  
Green  
On  
A valid 100 Mbps link is established on the port.  
No 100 Mbps link is established on the port.  
Off  
On  
A valid 10 Mbps link is established on the port.  
No 10 Mbps link is established on the port.  
10M Link (located at  
the top right corner  
of each 10/100 Mbps  
UTP port)  
Off  
On  
A valid 1000 Mbps link is established on the port.  
No 1000 Mbps link is established on the port.  
1000M Link (located  
at the top left corner of  
each 100/1000 Mbps  
UTP port)  
Off  
On  
A valid 100 Mbps link is established on the port.  
No 100 Mbps link is established on the port.  
100M Link (located at  
the top right corner of  
each 100/1000 Mbps  
UTP port)  
Off  
physical description  
2-5  
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Rear Panel  
As illustrated in Figure 2-4, the rear panel of the Model FS518T switch has a  
cooling fan and a standard AC power receptacle.  
100-240 VAC 50-60 Hz 0.50A  
1
2
9317FB  
Key:  
1= Cooling fans  
2= AC power outlet  
Figure 2-4. Rear Panel of the Model FS518T Switch  
physical description  
2-6  
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CHAPTER 3: APPLICATIONS  
This chapter presents an overview of the levels of service provided by incorporating  
the technology of the Model FS518T Fast Ethernet Switch into your network.  
The Model FS518T switch is designed to provide flexibility in configuring your  
network connections. Each switch can be used as a stand-alone device or can be  
used with 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, or 1000 Mbps hubs or other interconnection devices  
in various configurations.The configuration examples in this chapter illustrate the  
integration of the NETGEAR Model FS518T Fast Ethernet Switch with Gigabit  
uplinks in network environments of all sizes and types.These examples include a  
network of a few workstations connected to a printer or a segmented network with  
multiple users or workgroups and other networking devices.  
applications  
3-1  
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Desktop Switching  
Figure 3-1 illustrates the Model FS518T switch, used as a desktop switch to build a  
small network that enables users to have Gigabit (1000 Mbps) access to a file server.  
1
Key  
1000 Mbps  
100 Mbps  
10 Mbps  
2
M
O
D
S
w
itch in  
g
EL FS518T  
Rx/Tx  
5
18  
P
O
RT  
1
9
2
3
4
6
7
8
17  
18  
1
4
5
8
17  
18  
10/100Mbps Fast Ethernet Switch  
100M  
10M  
On = Link  
Green  
=
=
FDX, Yellow  
Rx/Tx  
=
=
COL  
1000M  
100M  
Normal/Uplink  
Power  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
9
12  
13  
16  
Green  
FDX, Yellow  
COL  
3
4
9312FB  
Key:  
1 = Server with 2000 Mbps connection (1000 Mbps full-duplex)  
2 = Model FS518T Fast Ethernet Switch (Normal/Uplink push button set to Normal position)  
3 = PC with 10 Mbps connection  
4 = PCs with 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet adapter cards installed  
Figure 3-1. Model FS518T Switch Used as a Desktop Switch  
Note: If a full-duplex adapter card is installed in the server or PC, a 2000 Mbps  
connection is possible on the port where the server is connected.  
applications  
3-2  
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Segment Switching  
The Model FS518T switch can segment a network into multiple connected  
pieces, increasing overall bandwidth and throughput. Figure 3-2 illustrates the  
Model FS518T switch segmenting networks that are built with a NETGEAR  
Model FE508 Fast Ethernet Hub and a NETGEAR Model DS516 Dual Speed Hub.  
Key  
1000 Mbps  
6
5
100 Mbps  
10 Mbps  
M
O
D
S
w
itch in  
g
EL FS518T  
Rx/Tx  
5
18  
RT  
P
O
1
9
2
3
4
6
7
8
17  
18  
1
4
5
8
17  
18  
10/100Mbps Fast Ethernet Switch  
100M  
10M  
On = Link  
Green  
=
=
FDX, Yellow  
Rx/Tx  
=
=
COL  
1000M  
100M  
Normal/Uplink  
Power  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
9
12  
13  
16  
Green  
FDX, Yellow  
COL  
7
2
4
4
1
3
3
8
9314FB  
Key:  
1 = Server with 100 Mbps connection  
2 = Model FE508 Fast Ethernet Hub (Normal/Uplink push button set to Uplink position)  
3 = PCs with network adapter installed, enabling 100 Mbps connection  
4 = 100 Mbps connection  
5 = Model FS518T Fast Ethernet Switch (Normal/Uplink push button set to Uplink position)  
6 = Server with 2000 Mbps connection (1000 Mbps full-duplex)  
7 = Model DS516 Dual Speed Hub (Normal/Uplink push button set to Uplink position)  
8 = PC connected at 10 Mbps  
Figure 3-2. Model FS518T Switch Used as a Segment Switch  
applications  
3-3  
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CHAPTER 4: INSTALLATION  
This chapter describes the installation procedures for the Model FS518T Fast  
Ethernet Switch.  
Preparing the Site  
Before you begin installing the switch, prepare the installation site. Make sure the  
operating environment meets the physical requirements of the switch, as described in  
Appendix A, Technical Specifications.”  
Checking Package Contents  
Unpack the contents of the package and verify them against the following list:  
NETGEAR Model FS518T Fast Ethernet Switch  
Self-adhesive rubber footpads for desktop installation  
Rack Mount Kit for rack installation  
AC power cord  
Warranty & Owner Registration Card  
This installation guide  
Support Information Card  
Caution: Use the appropriate power cord as required by your national electrical  
codes and ordinances.  
installation  
4-1  
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Call your reseller or customer support in your area if there are any wrong, missing,  
or damaged parts. Refer to the enclosed Customer Support Information Card for  
more information.  
Keep the carton, including the original packing materials. Use them to repack the  
switch if you need to return it for repair.  
To qualify for product updates and product warranty registration, fill in the  
Warranty & Owner Registration Card within 30 days of purchase and return it  
to NETGEAR, Inc.  
Installing a Switch  
To install a switch on a desktop, on another flat surface, or in a rack:  
1. Unpack the switch.  
2. Choose a location near the devices to be connected and close to an  
electrical outlet.  
3. Proceed to Installing the Switch on a Flat Surfaceor Installing the Switch  
in a Rack.”  
Installing the Switch on a Flat Surface  
To install the switch on a desktop or any other flat surface:  
1. Install self-adhesive rubber footpads on the bottom of the switch.  
Peel off the protective backing from the rubber pads and apply one at each  
marked location on the bottom of the switch.  
2. Set the switch on a desktop or any other flat surface.  
For proper ventilation, make sure that the switch has at least 2 inches of space on  
each side and 5 inches of space at the back. It is very important that the fans  
located in the rear panel are not blocked.  
Caution: Restricted airflow could cause overheating of the components.  
installation  
4-2  
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Installing the Switch in a Rack  
To mount the switch in a standard 19-inch equipment rack, you need these tools and  
materials:  
Two mounting brackets supplied from the Rack Mount Kit  
Eight screws supplied from the Rack Mount Kit to attach the mounting brackets  
to the switch  
Four screws and nylon washers supplied from the Rack Mount Kit to attach the  
mounting brackets to the rack  
#1 Phillips screwdriver  
#2 Phillips screwdriver  
To install the switch in a rack:  
1. Attach the mounting brackets to the sides of the switch as illustrated in  
Figure 4-1.  
Hold a mounting bracket against each side of the switch and align the counter-  
sunk screw holes in the bracket with the bracket mounting holes in the switch.  
2. Insert the screws provided in the Rack Mount Kit through each bracket and into  
the bracket mounting holes in the switch.  
3. Using a #1 Phillips screwdriver, tighten the screws to secure each bracket.  
installation  
4-3  
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4. Hold the switch with the mounting holes in the brackets aligned with the holes  
in the rack.  
8945FB  
Figure 4-1. Attaching Mounting Brackets to the Model FS518T Switch  
5. Insert two pan-head screws with nylon washers through each bracket and into  
the rack.  
6. Using a #2 Phillips screwdriver, tighten the screws to secure the switch to  
the rack.  
For proper ventilation, make sure that the switch has at least 2 inches of space  
on each side and 5 inches of space at the back. It is very important that the fans  
located in the rear panel are not blocked.  
Caution: Restricted airflow could cause overheating of the components.  
To connect additional switches or other devices, refer to Connecting Devices to  
the Switch.”  
installation  
4-4  
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Connecting Devices to the Switch  
To connect devices to the switch:  
1. Connect the devices to the 10/100 Mbps ports on the switch, using Category 5  
UTP cable.  
Note: Ethernet specifications limit the cable length between your PC or server  
and the switch to 328 feet (100 meters) in length.  
2. Connect one end of the Category 5 UTP cable to the Gigabit uplink port and the  
other end to the linking server or network device.  
Note: Gigabit copper over Category 5 cable needs to meet the requirements  
specified in Appendix C.  
3. Connect one end of the AC power cord to the power outlet on the rear panel of  
the switch and the other end of the AC power cord to the wall outlet.  
Refer to Figure 4-2 on page 4-6 when connecting the Model FS518T switch.  
installation  
4-5  
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Key  
1000 Mbps  
100 Mbps  
10 Mbps  
1
8
P
10  
OR  
/1  
T
00  
M
bp  
s
F
ast  
E
th  
erne  
t
S
w
itc  
h
1
2
3
R
P
x/T  
o
x
w
e
r
G
re  
5
1
e
n
=
F
6
2
D
X
,
Y
7
el  
R
low  
x/  
8
4
Tx  
=
C
O
L
G
re  
5
e
n
=
F
6
D
X
,
Y
e
llo  
w
8
C
O
L
9
O
n
=
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in  
k
S
N
w
o
it  
ch  
rm  
a
l/U  
in  
p
g
lin  
k
M
O
D
ELF  
S518  
T
9315FC  
Figure 4-2. Connecting to the Model FS518T Fast Ethernet Switch  
Note: The 1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet port always operates at full-  
duplex mode.  
Verifying Installation  
Verify network communications by ensuring that all the necessary connections have  
been made, that all connected resources can be accessed, and that the LED indica-  
tors on the switch are functioning properly. For additional information, refer to  
Chapter 5, Troubleshooting.”  
installation  
4-6  
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CHAPTER 5: TROUBLESHOOTING  
This chapter provides information about troubleshooting the Model FS518T  
Fast Ethernet Switch.Table 5-1 lists symptoms, causes, and solutions of  
possible problems.  
Table 5-1. Troubleshooting Information  
Symptom  
Cause  
Solution  
Power LED is off.  
No power is received  
at the hub.  
Check the power cord connections for the switch and  
the connected device.  
Check for a defective adapter card, cable, or port by  
testing them in an alternate environment where all  
products are functioning.  
Make sure all cables used are correct and comply  
with Ethernet specifications.  
Either 10M, 100M,  
or 1000M Link LED  
is off or intermittent.  
Port connection is  
not functioning.  
Check the crimp on the RJ-45 connectors, and make  
sure that the plug is properly inserted and locked into  
the port at both the switch and the connecting device.  
Make sure all cables used are correct and comply  
with Ethernet specifications.  
One or more  
components are  
malfunctioning.  
Not all system  
components are  
properly installed.  
Test the components in an alternate environment  
where all other components are functioning properly.  
A segment or device  
is not recognized as  
part of the network.  
One or more devices  
are not properly  
connected or cabling  
does not meet  
Verify that the cabling is correct (refer to  
Appendix C, Cabling Guidelines).  
Be sure all cable connectors are securely positioned  
in the required ports. Straight-through cables should  
be used for all standard twisted pair connections.  
Ethernet guidelines.  
Make sure all devices are connected to the network.  
Equipment may have been accidentally disconnected.  
troubleshooting  
5-1  
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Network Adapter Cards  
Make sure the network adapter cards installed in the PCs are in working condition  
and the software driver has been installed.  
Configuration  
If problems occur after altering the network configuration, restore the original con-  
nections and determine the problem by implementing the new changes, one procedure  
at a time. Make sure that cable distances, repeater limits, and other physical aspects  
of the installation do not exceed the Ethernet limitations.  
Switch Integrity  
If required, verify the integrity of the switch by resetting the switch.Turn power to the  
switch off and then back on. If the problem continues and you have completed all the  
preceding diagnoses, contact your NETGEAR point-of-sale representative.  
Auto Negotiation  
The 10/100 Mbps ports will negotiate the correct duplex mode and speed, provided  
the link partner supports auto negotiation. If the link partner does not support auto  
negotiation, only the speed will be determined correctly and the duplex mode will  
default to half.  
The Gigabit ports will negotiate speed, duplex mode and flow control, provided that  
the link partner supports the auto-negotiation mechanism.  
troubleshooting  
5-2  
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APPENDIX A: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS  
This appendix provides technical specifications for the Model FS518T Fast  
Ethernet Switch.  
General Specifications  
Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility  
ISO/IEC 802-3i 10BASE-T  
IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX  
IEEE 802.3ab 1000BASE-T  
IEEE 802.3x flow control  
Data Rate  
10 Mbps differential Manchester encoded, IEEE 802.3  
100 Mbps with 4B/5B encoding and MLT-3 physical interface for 100BASE-TX  
1000 Mbps with 8B/10B encoding PAM-5 physical interface for 1000BASE-T  
Interface  
RJ-45 connector for 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX Fast Ethernet and 1000BASE-T  
Gigabit Ethernet  
Electrical Specifications  
Power consumption:  
45 W maximum  
Physical Specifications  
Dimensions:  
(W) 13 by (H) 1.7 by (D) 8 in.  
(W) 33.0 by (H) 4.3 by (D) 20.3 cm  
Weight:  
5.0 lb  
2.3 kg  
technical specifications  
A-1  
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Environmental Specifications  
Operating temperature:  
Storage temperature:  
Operating humidity:  
Storage humidity:  
Operating altitude:  
Storage altitude:  
0 to 40°C  
-32 to 104°C  
90% maximum relative humidity, noncondensing  
95% maximum relative humidity, noncondensing  
10,000 ft (3,000 m) maximum  
10,000 ft (3,000 m) maximum  
Electromagnetic Emissions  
Meets requirements of:  
CE mark, commercial  
FCC Part 15, Subpart B, Class A  
EN 55 022 (CISPR 22), Class A  
VCCI Class 1A  
Electromagnetic Susceptibility  
CE mark, commercial  
Electrostatic discharge (ESD): IEC 801-2, Level 2/3  
Radiated electromagnetic field: IEC 801-3, Level 2  
Electrical fast transient/burst:  
Electrical surge:  
IEC 801-4, Level 2  
IEC 801-5, Level 1/2  
technical specifications  
A-2  
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Safety Agency Approvals  
CE mark, commercial  
UL listed (UL 1950)  
CSA certified (CSA 22.2 #950)  
TUV licensed (EN 60 950)  
Performance Specifications  
Frame filter rate:  
14,800 frames/second, maximum on 10 Mbps port  
148,000 frames/second, maximum on 100 Mbps port  
1,480,000 frames/second, maximum on 1000 Mbps port  
Frame forward rate:  
14,800 frames/second, maximum on 10 Mbps port  
148,000 frames/second, maximum on 100 Mbps port  
1,480,000 frames/second, maximum on 1000 Mbps port  
10/100 buffer memory:  
8 MB for 16 ports  
4 MB for 2 ports  
Gigabit buffer memory:  
Forwarding modes:  
Network latency:  
2 MB  
Store-and-forward  
Less than 80 microseconds for 64-byte frames in  
store-and-forward mode for 10 Mbps to 100 Mbps  
transmission  
Address database size:  
Addressing:  
8,000 media access control (MAC) addresses per system  
48-bit MAC address  
technical specifications  
A-3  
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APPENDIX B: CONNECTOR PIN ASSIGNMENTS  
This appendix provides information about the RJ-45 plug and the RJ-45 connector  
used for the NETGEAR Model FS518T Fast Ethernet Switch with Gigabit uplinks.  
RJ-45 Plug and Vista RJ-45 Connector  
In a Fast Ethernet network, it is important that all 100BASE-T certified Category 5  
cabling use RJ-45 plugs.The RJ-45 plug accepts 4-pair UTP or shielded twisted  
pair (STP) 100 ohm cable and connects into the vista RJ-45 connector.  
The vista RJ-45 connector is used to connect stations, hubs, and switches through  
UTP cable; it supports 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, or 1000 Mbps data transmission.  
The RJ-45 plug and vista RJ-45 connector are both illustrated in Figure B-1.  
12345678  
8
1
711EA  
Key:  
1 to 8 = pin numbers  
Figure B-1. RJ-45 Plug and Vista RJ-45 Connector with Built-in LEDs  
connector pin assignments  
B-1  
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Table B-1 lists the pin assignments for the 10/100 Mbps RJ-45 plug and the vista  
RJ-45 connector.  
Table B-1. 10/100 Mbps RJ-45 Plug and Vista RJ-45 Connector Pin Assignments  
Pin  
Normal Assignment on Ports 1 to 8  
Input Receive Data +  
Uplink Assignment on Port 8  
Output Transmit Data +  
Output Transmit Data –  
Input Receive Data +  
1
2
Input Receive Data –  
3
Output Transmit Data +  
Output Transmit Data –  
6
Input Receive Data –  
4, 5, 7, 8  
Internal termination, not used for data transmission  
Table B-2 lists the pin assignments for the 100/1000 Mbps RJ-45 plug and the vista  
RJ-45 connector.  
Table B-2. 100/1000 Mbps RJ-45 Plug and Vista RJ-45 Connector Pin Assignments  
Pin  
Channel  
A
Description  
1
2
Rx/Tx Data +  
Rx/Tx Data -  
3
6
B
C
D
Rx/Tx Data +  
Rx/Tx Data -  
4
5
Rx/Tx Data +  
Rx/Tx Data -  
7
8
Rx/Tx Data +  
Rx/Tx Data -  
connector pin assignments  
B-2  
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APPENDIX C: CABLING GUIDELINES  
This appendix provides specifications for cables used with the Model FS518T Fast  
Ethernet Switch.  
Fast Ethernet Cable Guidelines  
Fast Ethernet uses UTP cable, as specified in the IEEE 802.3u standard for  
100BASE-TX.The specification requires Category 5 UTP cable consisting of either  
two-pair or four-pair twisted insulated copper conductors bound in a single plastic  
sheath. Category 5 cable is certified up to 100 MHz bandwidth. 100BASE-TX oper-  
ation uses one pair of wires for transmission and the other pair for receiving and for  
collision detection.  
When installing Category 5 UTP cabling, use the following guidelines to ensure that  
your cables perform to the following specifications:  
Certification  
Make sure that your Category 5 UTP cable has completed the Underwriters  
Laboratories (UL) or Electronic Testing Laboratories (ETL) certification process.  
Termination method  
To minimize cross-talk noise, maintain the twist ratio of the cable up to the point  
of termination; untwist at any RJ-45 plug or patch panel should not exceed  
0.5 inch (1.5 cm).  
cabling guidelines  
C-1  
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Category 5 Cable  
Category 5 distributed cable that meets ANSI/EIA/TIA-568-A building wiring  
standards can be a maximum of 328 feet (ft) or 100 meters (m) in length, divided  
as follows:  
20 ft (6 m) between the hub and the patch panel (if used)  
295 ft (90 m) from the wiring closet to the wall outlet  
10 ft (3 m) from the wall outlet to the desktop device  
The patch panel and other connecting hardware must meet the requirements for  
100 Mbps operation (Category 5). Only 0.5 inch (1.5 cm) of untwist in the wire pair  
is allowed at any termination point.  
Category 5 Cable Specifications  
Ensure that the fiber cable is crossed over to guarantee link.  
Table C-1 lists the electrical requirements of Category 5 UTP cable.  
Table C-1. Electrical Requirements of Category 5 Cable  
Specification  
Category 5 Cable Requirements  
Four  
Number of pairs  
Impedance  
100 ± 15%  
Mutual capacitance at 1 KHz  
Maximum attenuation (dB per 100 m, at 20° C)  
5.6 nF per 100 m  
at 4 MHz: 8.2  
at 31 MHz: 11.7  
at 100 MHz: 22.0  
NEXT loss (dB minimum)  
at 16 MHz: 44  
at 31 MHz: 39  
at 100 MHz: 32  
cabling guidelines  
C-2  
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Twisted Pair Cables  
For two devices to communicate, the transmitter of each device must be connected  
to the receiver of the other device.The crossover function is usually implemented  
internally as part of the circuitry in the device. Computers and workstation adapter  
cards are usually media-dependent interface ports, called MDI or uplink ports.  
Most repeaters and switch ports are configured as media-dependent interfaces with  
built-in crossover ports, called MDI-X or normal ports.  
Figure C-1 illustrates straight-through twisted pair cable.  
1
2
1
2
Tx  
Rx  
Rx  
Tx  
A
B
3
3
6
6
736EA  
Key:  
A = Uplink or MDI port (as on a PC)  
B = Normal or MDI-X port (as on a hub or switch)  
1, 2, 3, 6 = Pin numbers  
Figure C-1.  
Straight-Through Twisted Pair Cable  
Figure C-2 illustrates crossover twisted pair cable.  
1
2
1
2
Rx  
Tx  
Rx  
Tx  
B
B
3
6
3
6
737EA  
Key:  
B = Normal or MDI-X port (as on a hub or switch)  
1, 2, 3, 6 = Pin numbers  
Figure C-2. Crossover Twisted Pair Cable  
cabling guidelines  
C-3  
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Patch Panels and Cables  
If you are using patch panels, make sure that they meet the 100BASE-TX require-  
ments. NETGEAR recommends Category 5 UTP cable for all patch cables and work  
area cables to ensure that your UTP patch cable rating meets or exceeds the distri-  
bution cable rating.  
To wire patch panels, you need two Category 5 UTP cables with an RJ-45 plug at  
each end, as shown in Figure C-3.  
1
2
1
87654321  
87654321  
5525.1  
Key:  
1 = RJ-45 plug  
2 = Category 5 UTP patch cable  
Figure C-3. Category 5 UTP Patch Cable with Male RJ-45 Plug at Each End  
Note: Flat silver satintelephone cable may have the same RJ-45 plug.  
However, using telephone cable will result in excessive collisions and cause the  
attached port to be partitioned or disconnected from the network.  
cabling guidelines  
C-4  
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Using 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet over Category 5 Cable  
Overview  
When using the new 1000BASE-T standard, the limitations of cable installations  
and the steps necessary to ensure optimum performance must be considered.The  
most important components in your cabling system are patch panel connections,  
twists of the pairs at connector transition points, the jacket around the twisted pair  
cable, bundling of multiple pairs on horizontal runs and punch down blocks. All of  
these will affect the performance of 1000BASE-T technology if not correctly  
implemented.The following sections are designed to act as a guide to correct cabling  
for 1000BASE-T.  
Cabling  
The 1000BASE-T product is designed to operate over Category 5 cabling, but to  
further enhance the operation, the cabling standards have been amended.The latest  
standard is Category 5e, which defines a higher level of link performance than is  
available with Category 5 cable.  
If installing new cable, we recommend using Category 5e cable, since it costs the  
same as Category 5 cable. If using the existing cable, be sure to have the cable  
plant tested by a professional who can verify that it meets or exceeds either  
ANSI/EIA/TIA-568-A:1995 or ISO/IEC 11801:1995 Category 5 specifications.  
Length  
The maximum distance limitation between two pieces of equipment is 100 m, as  
per the original Ethernet specification.The end to end link is called the channel.”  
TSB-67 defines the Basic Linkwhich is the portion of the link that is part of the  
building infrastructure.This excludes patch and equipment cords.The maximum basic  
link length is 295 feet (90 m).  
cabling guidelines  
C-5  
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Return Loss  
Return loss measures the amount of reflected signal energy resulting from impedance  
changes in the cabling link.The nature of 1000BASE-T renders this measurement  
very important; if too much energy is reflected back on to the receiver, the device will  
not perform optimally.  
All four pairs of the twisted pair are used by 1000BASE-T, unlike 10BASE-T and  
100BASE-TX, which use only two of the four pairs of wires within the Category 5.  
It is important to ensure that all wires are tested.  
The factors that will affect the return loss are  
the number of transition points, as there is a connection via an RJ-45 to another  
connector, a patch panel, or a piece of equipment at each transition point.  
removal of the jacket that surrounds the four pairs of twisted cable. It is highly  
recommended that, where RJ-45 connections are made, this is minimized to  
1-1/4 inch (32 mm).  
pair untwist of any of the twisted pairs. It is important that this be minimized  
to 3/8 inch (10 mm) where RJ-45 connections are made.  
cabling or bundling of multiple Category 5 cable.This is regulated by  
ANSI/EIA/TIA-568A-3, and can adversely affect all parameters of the  
cabling if not correctly implemented.  
Near End Cross Talk (NEXT)  
This is a measure of the signal coupling from one wire to another, within a cable  
assembly, or among cables within a bundle. NEXT measures the amount of cross-talk  
disturbance energy that is detected at the near end of the linkthe end at which the  
transmitter is located. NEXT measures the amount of energy that is returnedto  
the sender end.The factors that affect NEXT and cross talk are exactly the same as  
outlined in the Return Loss section.The cross-talk performance is directly related to  
the quality of the cable installation.  
cabling guidelines  
C-6  
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Patch Cables  
When installing your equipment, replace old patch panel cables that do not meet  
Category 5e specifications. As pointed out in the NEXT section, this near end piece  
of cable is critical for successful operation.  
Conclusions  
For optimum performance of your 1000BASE-T product, it is important to  
fully qualify your cable installation and ensure it meets or exceeds ANSI/EIA/TIA-  
568-A:1995 or ISO/IEC 11801:1995 Category 5 specifications. Install Category 5e  
cable where possible, including patch panel cables. Minimize transition points, jacket  
removal, and untwist lengths. Bundling of cables must be properly installed in order  
to meet the requirements in ANSI/EIA/TIA-568A-3.  
cabling guidelines  
C-7  
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Numbers  
I
10/100 Mbps ports, 2-1  
installation  
100 Mbps LEDs, 2-5  
in a rack, 4-3  
1000BASE-T, 1-3, 1-5, 2-3, C-5, C-6  
on a flat surface, 4-2  
verifying, 4-6  
A
L
applications  
desktop switching, 3-2  
segment switching, 3-3  
auto negotiation, 5-2  
LEDs (table), 2-4  
Link LED, 2-5  
M
C
MAC layer device, 1-3  
MDI. See uplink  
cable  
Category 5, C-1, C-2, C-4  
Category 5e, 2-3, C-6  
crossover twisted pair, C-3  
guidelines, C-2  
MDI-X. See normal  
mounting brackets, 4-3  
N
specifications, C-2  
network  
straight-through twisted pair, C-3  
termination method, C-1  
connections to other devices, 4-5  
crossover twisted pair cable, C-3  
customer support, iv  
access speed, 2-2  
NEXT, C-6  
normal  
ports, 2-3  
wiring, 2-3, B-2, C-3  
Normal/Uplink push button, 1-4, 2-1  
D
desktop switching, 1-2, 3-2  
P
package contents, 4-1  
patch panel, C-2, C-4  
ports, 2-1, 2-2, 2-3  
Power LED, 2-1, 2-5  
F
FDX LED, 2-5  
features, 1-4  
front panel, 2-1  
full-duplex mode, 1-3  
index  
I-1  
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FS518T.Manual.FINAL 5/19/00 12:55 PM Page 48  
R
U
rear panel, 2-6  
uplink  
return loss, C-6  
ports, 2-3  
RJ-45 connector. See vista RJ-45 connector  
RJ-45 plug, using for patch cables, C-4  
wiring, 2-3, B-2, C-3  
UTP cable, Category 5, 1-3  
S
V
segment switching, 1-2, 3-3  
site preparation, 4-1  
vista RJ-45 connector  
description, 1-4, 2-2  
straight-through twisted pair cable, C-3  
switches, overview, 1-3  
pin assignments, B-1  
using with UTP cable, 2-2  
switching technology  
desktop switching, 1-2, 3-2  
segment switching, 1-2, 3-3  
W
World Wide Web, iv  
T
technical specifications, A-1  
transition points, C-5  
troubleshooting, 5-1  
index  
I-2  
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FS518T.Manual.FINAL 5/19/00 12:55 PM Page 49  
NETGEAR, Inc.  
4401 Great America Parkway  
Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA  
Phone: 1-888-NETGEAR  
*M-FS518TNA-0*  
May 2000  
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