HP-UX
HP StorageWorks Disk Array XP
operating system
configuration guide
XP48
XP128
XP512
XP1024
XP12000
fifth edition (August 2004)
part number: A5951-96014
This guide describes the requirements and procedures for connecting the XP family of disk
arrays to an HP-UX system and configuring the new disk array for operation with HP-UX.
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About this guide
Intended audience
Disk arrays
Related documentation
Conventions
5
5
5
5
6
HP technical support
HP storage website
6
7
HP authorized reseller
7
Revision history
Warranty statement
8
9
1
Installation 11
Features and requirements 12
Fibre Channel interface 13
Device emulation types 14
Failover 14
SNMP configuration 15
RAID Manager command devices 15
Installation procedures 16
Install and configure the disk array 17
Setting the Host Mode for the disk array ports 17
Setting the System Option Modes 18
Configuring the Fibre Channel ports 19
Install and configure the host 21
Loading the OS and software 21
Installing and configuring the HBAs 21
Clustering and fabric zoning 22
Fabric zoning and LUN security for multiple operating systems 23
Contents
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Connect the disk array 24
Defining the paths 24
Verifying HBA installation 26
Verifying device recognition 27
Configure disk array devices 30
Verifying the device files and drivers 31
Creating the device files 33
Creating the physical volumes 36
Creating new volume groups 37
Creating logical volumes 40
Creating the file systems 42
Setting the I/O timeout parameter 44
Creating the mount directories 45
Mounting and verifying the file systems 46
Setting and verifying the auto-mount parameters 47
2
Error conditions 50
Calling the HP support center 53
A
Worksheets 55
Path worksheet
56
Supported emulations 58
Device type specifications 59
LUSE device parameters 62
SCSI TID map for Fibre Channel adapters 65
C
Configuring the devices using SAM 68
Setting the maximum number of volume groups using SAM 70
Glossary 71
Index 75
4
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About this guide
This guide describes the requirements and procedures for connecting the
XP family of disk arrays to an HP-UX system and configuring the new disk
array for operation with HP-UX.
Intended audience
This guide is intended for system administrators who have knowledge of:
• Data processing concepts
• Direct access storage device subsystems and their basic functions
• Disk arrays and RAID technology
• Operating system commands and utilities
Disk arrays
Unless otherwise noted, the term disk array refers to these disk arrays:
HP Surestore Disk Array XP512
HP Surestore Disk Array XP48
HP StorageWorks Disk Array XP128
HP StorageWorks Disk Array XP1024
HP StorageWorks XP12000 Disk Array
Related documentation
HP provides these related documents:
• HP StorageWorks Disk Array XP128: Owner’s Guide
• HP StorageWorks Disk Array XP1024: Owner’s Guide
• HP StorageWorks XP12000 Disk Array: Owner’s Guide
Refer to the manufacturer’s documentation for information about operating
system commands and third-party products.
About this guide
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Conventions
This guide uses these text conventions.
Figure 1
Blue text represents a cross-reference. In the online
version of this guide, the reference is linked to the
target.
literal
Underlined, blue text represents a website on the
Internet. In the online version of this guide, the
reference is linked to the target.
Bold text represents application names, file names,
menu items, dialog box titles, buttons, key names, field
names, and literal values that you type exactly as
shown.
variable
Italic type indicates that you must supply a value. Italic
type is also used for manual titles.
input/output Monospace font denotes user input and system
responses, such as output and messages.
Example
The word “example” in italics denotes an example of
input or output.
[ ]
Square brackets indicate an optional parameter.
{ }
Braces indicate that you must specify at least one of the
listed options.
|
A vertical bar separates alternatives in a list of options.
HP technical support
In North America, call technical support at 1-800-652-6672, available 24
hours a day, 7 days a week.
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Outside North America, call technical support at the nearest location.
Telephone numbers for worldwide technical support are listed on the HP
website under support:
Be sure to have the following information available before calling:
• Technical support registration number (if applicable)
• Product serial numbers
• Product model names and numbers
• Applicable error messages
• Operating system type and revision level
• Detailed, specific questions
For continuous quality improvement, calls may be recorded or monitored.
HP storage website
Visit the support website for the most current information about HP
StorageWorks XP products.
Consult your HP account representative for information about product
availability, configuration, and connectivity.
HP authorized reseller
For the name of your nearest HP authorized reseller, call:
United States
1-800-345-1518
1-800-263-5868
Canada
Or contact:
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Revision history
September 1999 Open-8 emulation added.
January 2000
June 2000
Content extensively revised and reorganized.
Added support for XP512.
Content reorganized and revised.
February 2001
April 2003
Added appendixes C, D, E, and F.
Added glossary.
Changed brand name to StorageWorks.
Added support for OPEN-L and OPEN-V.
Changed CVS to VCS.
November 2003 Revised I/O timeout procedure. Minor update.
August 2004 Updated for XP12000.
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Warranty statement
HP warrants that for a period of ninety calendar days from the date of
purchase, as evidenced by a copy of the invoice, the media on which the
Software is furnished (if any) will be free of defects in materials and
workmanship under normal use.
DISCLAIMER. EXCEPT FOR THE FOREGOING AND TO THE
EXTENT ALLOWED BY LOCAL LAW, THIS SOFTWARE IS
PROVIDED TO YOU “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTIES OF ANY
KIND, WHETHER ORAL OR WRITTEN, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.
HP SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OR CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY, SATISFACTORY
QUALITY, NON-INFRINGEMENT, TITLE, ACCURACY OF
INFORMATIONAL CONTENT, AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Some jurisdictions do not allow exclusions
of implied warranties or conditions, so the above exclusion may not apply
to you to the extent prohibited by such local laws. You may have other
rights that vary from country to country, state to state, or province to
province.
WARNING! YOU EXPRESSLY ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE
THAT USE OF THE SOFTWARE IS AT YOUR SOLE RISK. HP
DOES NOT WARRANT THAT THE FUNCTIONS CONTAINED IN
THE SOFTWARE WILL MEET YOUR REQUIREMENTS, OR THAT
THE OPERATION OF THE SOFTWARE WILL BE UNINTERRUPTED,
VIRUS-FREE OR ERROR-FREE, OR THAT DEFECTS IN THE
SOFTWARE WILL BE CORRECTED. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE
RESULTS AND PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE IS ASSUMED
BY YOU. HP DOES NOT WARRANT OR MAKE ANY
REPRESENTATIONS REGARDING THE USE OR THE RESULTS OF
THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE OR RELATED DOCUMENTATION IN
TERMS OF THEIR CORRECTNESS, ACCURACY, RELIABILITY,
CURRENTNESS, OR OTHERWISE. NO ORAL OR WRITTEN
INFORMATION OR ADVICE GIVEN BY HP OR HP’S AUTHORIZED
REPRESENTATIVES SHALL CREATE A WARRANTY.
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LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT
PROHIBITED BY LOCAL LAW, IN NO EVENT INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE WILL HP OR ITS SUBSIDIARIES, AFFILIATES,
DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES, AGENTS OR
SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL,
INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR OTHER
DAMAGES (INCLUDING LOST PROFIT, LOST DATA, OR
DOWNTIME COSTS), ARISING OUT OF THE USE, INABILITY
TO USE, OR THE RESULTS OF USE OF THE SOFTWARE,
WHETHER BASED IN WARRANTY, CONTRACT, TORT OR
OTHER LEGAL THEORY, AND WHETHER OR NOT ADVISED
OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. Your use of the
Software is entirely at your own risk. Should the Software prove defective,
you assume the entire cost of all service, repair or correction. Some
jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for
incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation may not apply
to you to the extent prohibited by such local laws.
NOTE. EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED BY LOCAL LAW,
THESE WARRANTY TERMS DO NOT EXCLUDE, RESTRICT OR
MODIFY, AND ARE IN ADDITION TO, THE MANDATORY
STATUTORY RIGHTS APPLICABLE TO THE LICENSE OF THE
SOFTWARE TO YOU; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT THE
CONVENTION ON CONTRACTS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL
SALE OF GOODS IS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMED AND SHALL
NOT GOVERN OR APPLY TO THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED IN
CONNECTION WITH THIS WARRANTY STATEMENT.
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1
Installation
You and your HP service representative each play a role in installation.
Your HP service representative is responsible for installing the disk array
and formatting the disk devices. You are responsible for configuring the
host server for the new devices with assistance from your HP service
representative.
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Features and requirements
The disk array and host have the following features:
• Storage capacity. The storage capacity for each model is listed
below:
XP48: Up to 48 drives from 72 GB to 8.7 TB, 24 FC ports
XP128: From 8 to 128 drives for up to 18 TB, 48 FC ports
XP512: Up to 512 drives from 72 GB to 93 TB, 48 FC ports
XP1024: From 8 to 1024 drives for up to 149 TB, 64 FC ports
XP12000: Up to 1152 drives for up to 165 TB, 128 FC ports
• Server support. HP-UX-supported processor
• Operating system support. HP-UX, version 10.20, 11.0, or 11i v2
with the latest patches (if any)
Before installing the disk array, ensure the environment conforms to these
requirements:
• Host Bus Adapters (HBAs). Install HBAs and all utilities and
drivers. Refer to the adapter documentation for installation details.
• (Recommended) HP StorageWorks Command View XP with LUN
management feature or Remote Control with LUN Configuration
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Manager XP option. These are used to configure disk array ports
and paths.
• (Recommended) HP StorageWorks Secure Manager XP. Allows
the host to access only authorized array devices.
• (Optional) Other available XP software (some may not apply to
your system):
HP StorageWorks Business Copy XP
HP StorageWorks Continuous Access XP
HP StorageWorks Continuous Access Extension XP
HP StorageWorks Auto LUN XP
HP StorageWorks Data Exchange XP
HP StorageWorks Resource Manager XP
HP StorageWorks RAID Manager XP
HP StorageWorks Cache LUN XP
HP StorageWorks Auto Path XP
HP StorageWorks Cluster Extension XP
HP StorageWorks Performance Advisor XP
Fibre Channel interface
The XP family of disk arrays supports these Fibre Channel elements:
• Connection speed of 1 Gbps and 2 Gbps
• Short-wave non-OFC (open fiber control) optical interface
•
•
Multimode optical cables with SC or LC connectors
Public or private arbitrated loop (FC-AL) or direct fabric attach
• Fibre Channel switches
Even though the interface is Fibre Channel, this guide uses the term “SCSI
disk” because disk array devices are defined to the host as SCSI disks.
Installation
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Device emulation types
The XP family of disk arrays supports these device emulation types:
• OPEN-K/3/8/9/E devices: OPEN-x logical units represent disk
devices. Except for OPEN-V, these devices are based on fixed sizes.
OPEN-V is a user-defined size. Supported emulations include
OPEN-3, OPEN-8, OPEN-9, OPEN-E, OPEN-L, and OPEN-V
devices.
• LUSE devices (OPEN-x*n): Logical Unit Size Expansion (LUSE)
devices combine 2 to 36 OPEN-x devices to create expanded LDEVs
larger than standard OPEN-K/3/8/9/E disk devices. For example, an
OPEN-x LUSE volume created from ten OPEN-x volumes is
designated as OPEN-x*10.
• CVS devices (OPEN-x CVS): Volume Size Configuration (VSC)
defines custom volumes (CVS) that are smaller than normal
fixed-sized logical disk devices (volumes). (OPEN-V is a
CVS-based custom disk size that you determine. OPEN-L does not
support CVS.)
• LUSE (expanded) CVS devices (OPEN-x*n CVS): LUSE CVS
combines CVS devices to create an expanded device. This is done by
first creating CVS custom-sized devices and then using LUSE to
combine from 2 to 36 CVS devices. For example, if three OPEN-9
CVS volumes are combined to create an expanded device, this
device is designated as OPEN-9*3-CVS.
Failover
The XP family of disk arrays supports many standard software products
that provide host, application, or I/O path failover and logical volume
(storage) management.
The following are supported for HP-UX:
• HP Multi-Computer/ServiceGuard (MC/ServiceGuard) software for
application failover
• Alternate link for I/O path failover (included in HP-UX)
• Logical volume management (included in HP-UX)
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SNMP configuration
The XP family of disk arrays supports standard Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMP) to remotely manage the disk array from the
host. The SNMP agent on the remote console PC or Command View can
provide status and Remote Service Information Message (R-SIM) reporting
to the SNMP manager on the host for up to eight disk arrays. Refer to the
operating system documentation to configure the SNMP manager on the
host.
RAID Manager command devices
RAID Manager manages Business Copy (BC) and/or Continuous Access
(CA) operations from a host server. To use RAID Manager with BC or CA,
you use Command View or LUN Configuration Manager to designate at
least one LDEV as a command device. Refer to the Command View or
LUN Configuration Manager user guide for information about how to
designate a command device.
Installation
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Installation procedures
• Setting the Host Mode for the disk array ports
• Setting the System Option Modes
• Configuring the Fibre Channel ports
• Creating the device files
• Creating the physical volumes
• Creating new volume groups
• Creating logical volumes
• Creating the file systems
• Setting the I/O timeout parameter
• Creating the mount directories
• Mounting and verifying the file systems
• Setting and verifying the auto-mount parameters
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Install and configure the disk array
The HP service representative performs these tasks:
• Assembling hardware and installing software
• Loading the microcode updates
• Installing the channel adapters (CHAs) and cabling
• Installing and formatting devices
After these tasks are finished, you will use Command View or LUN
Configuration Manager to complete the remaining tasks listed below. If
you do not have Command View or LUN Configuration Manager, your HP
service representative can perform these tasks for you.
Setting the Host Mode for the disk array ports
The disk array ports have Host Modes that you must set depending on the
host you use. Use Command View (shown) or LUN Configuration
Manager to set the Host Mode for each port. The host mode setting for
HP-UX is 08.
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Setting the System Option Modes
The HP service representative sets the System Option Mode(s) based on the
operating system and software configuration of the host.
HA
Mode Level
Software Description and Usage
140
186
Optional
None
ON: Response to the Inquiry command is
changed, and the volume can be used from
VeritasNetBackUP in heterogeneous OS
configuration, such as HP-UX.
OFF: Normal response to the Inquiry
command.
Mandatory
Veritas
ON: Mandatory setting when VERITAS
Database Editions/Advanced Cluster is
connected.
Database
Editions/
Advanced
Cluster
OFF: VERITAS Database Editions/Advanced
Cluster should not be connected with this
setting.
254
280
Optional
Optional
Veritas
Database
Editions
Change the response of reserve conflict status
to Read Capacity, Verify, and Start Stop Unit.
ON: Normal end is reported.
OFF: Reserve conflict status is reported.
HP-UX Ghost LUN Remove
OS version: HP-UX 11.0 and later.
ON: When the host scans the LUNS on the
port, the disk array is not represented in the
device list for HP-UX.
OFF: When the host scans the LUNS on the
port, the disk array is represented in the device
list for HP-UX.
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Configuring the Fibre Channel ports
Configure the Fibre Channel ports on the disk array using Command View
(shown) or the Fibre Parameter window in LUN Configuration Manager.
Select the settings for each port based on your storage area network
topology. Use switch zoning if you connect different types of hosts to the
array through the same switch.
Fibre Address
In fabric environments, the port addresses are assigned automatically. In
arbitrated loop environments, set the port addresses by selecting a unique
arbitrated loop physical address (AL-PA) or loop ID for each port.
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Fabric and Connection parameter settings
Set each array port to FABRIC ON or OFF with connections of
POINT-TO-POINT or FC-AL as shown in the following table and figures.
For detailed topology information, refer to the HP StorageWorks SAN
Fabric
Connection
parameter parameter
Provides
ON
FC-AL
Not supported
ON
Direct Fabric Attach F-port (fabric port)
OFF
OFF
FC-AL
AL-port (private arbitrated loop)
Direct Fabric Attach Not supported
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Install and configure the host
This section explains how to install and configure the host and host bus
adapters (HBAs) that connect the host to the disk array.
Loading the OS and software
Follow the manufacturer’s instructions to load the operating system and
software onto the host. Load all OS patches and configuration utilities
supported by HP and the HBA manufacturer.
Installing and configuring the HBAs
Install and configure the host bus adapters using the HBA manufacturer’s
instructions.
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Clustering and fabric zoning
If you plan to use clustering, install and configure the clustering software
on the servers.
Clustering is the organization of multiple servers into groups. Within a
cluster, each server is a node. Multiple clusters compose a multi-cluster
environment. The following example shows a multi-cluster environment
with three clusters, each containing two nodes. The nodes share access to
the disk array.
Within the Storage Area Network (SAN), the clusters may be
homogeneous (all the same operating system) or they may be
heterogeneous (mixed operating systems). How you configure LUN
Security and fabric zoning depends on the operating system mix and the
SAN configuration.
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Fabric zoning and LUN security for multiple operating systems
You can connect multiple clusters of various operating systems to the same
switch and fabric using appropriate zoning and LUN security as follows:
• Host zones must contain only homogeneous operating systems.
• Storage port zones may overlap if more than one operating system
needs to share an array port.
• Heterogeneous operating systems may share an XP array port if you
use Secure Manager and set the appropriate host group and mode.
All others must connect to a dedicated XP array port.
• Use Secure Manager for LUN isolation when multiple hosts connect
through a shared array port. Secure Manager provides LUN security
by allowing you to restrict which LUNs each host can access.
Environment
OS Mix
Fabric Zoning
LUN Security
Standalone SAN
(non-clustered)
homogeneous (a single OS
type present in the SAN)
Not required
Must be used when multiple
hosts connect through a
shared port
heterogeneous (more than one Required
OS type present in the SAN)
Clustered SAN
homogeneous (a single OS
type present in the SAN)
Not required
Must be used when multiple
cluster nodes connect through
a shared port
heterogeneous (more than one Required
OS type present in the SAN)
Multi-Cluster
SAN
homogeneous (a single OS
type present in the SAN)
Not required
Must be used when multiple
cluster nodes connect through
a shared port
heterogeneous (more than one Required
OS type present in the SAN)
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Connect the disk array
The HP service representative connects the disk array to the host by:
1. Verifying operational status of the disk array channel adapters, LDEVs,
and paths.
2. Connecting the Fibre Channel cables between the disk array and the
fabric switch or host.
3. Verifying the ready status of the disk array and peripherals.
Defining the paths
Use Command View (shown) or LUN Configuration Manager to create
paths (LUNs) between hosts and volumes in the disk array. This process is
also called “LUN mapping.” LUN mapping includes:
• Configuring ports
• Setting LUN security
• Creating host groups
• Assigning host bus adapter WWNs to host groups
• Mapping volumes to host groups (by assigning LUNs)
See the Command View or LUN Configuration Manager guide for more
information. Note the LUNS and their ports, WWNs, nicknames, and
LDEVs for later use in verifying host and device configuration.
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Verifying HBA installation
After configuring the ports on the disk array, verify that the HBAs are
installed properly.
Use the ioscan –f command, and verify that the rows shown in the example
are displayed. If these rows are not displayed, check the host adapter
installation (hardware and driver installation) or the host configuration.
Example
# ioscan -f
Class I H/W Path
Driver
S/W StateH/W Type Description
===============================================================================================
...
fc
0 8/12
fcT1
CLAIMED INTERFACE HP Fibre Channel Mass Storage Adapter
lan
fcp
1 8/12.5
0 8/12.8
fcT1_cntl CLAIMED INTERFACE HP Fibre Channel Mass Storage Cntl
fcp
CLAIMED INTERFACE FCP Protocol Adapter
CLAIMED INTERFACE FCP Device Interface
ext_bus 2 8/12.8.0.255.0
...
fcpdev
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Verifying device recognition
Verify that the HP-UX system recognizes the new devices on the disk
array.
If the SCSI paths were defined after the system is powered on, you must
halt and restart the system to allow the system to recognize the new
devices.
To verify device recognition:
1. Log in to the system as root.
2. Display the device data to verify that the system recognizes the newly
installed devices on the disk array. Use the ioscan –fn command to
display the device data.
On a system with a large LUN configuration, HP-UX may not build
device files on all LUNs. Enter insf –e to build all missing device files.
Example
# ioscan -fn
class
I H/W Path
Driver
S/W StateH/W Type
Description
==========================================================================
bc
fc
lan
fcp
6 14
ccio
fcT1
CLAIMED
CLAIMED
BUS_NEXUS I/O Adapter HP Fibre Channel Mass
INTERFACE Storage Adapter HP Fibre Channel Mass
INTERFACE Storage Cntl /dev/fcms2
INTERFACE FCP Protocol Adapter HP A3308 FCP-SCSI MUX
INTERFACE Interface
1 14/12
2 14/12.5
1 14/12.8
fcT1_cntlCLAIMED
fcp
CLAIMED
CLAIMED
CLAIMED
CLAIMED
CLAIMED
CLAIMED
CLAIMED
CLAIMED
ext_bus 6 14/12.8.0.0.0
target
disk
fcpmux
tgt
sdisk
sdisk
fcpdev
tgt
9 14/12.8.0.0.0.0
4 14/12.8.0.0.0.0.0
5 14/12.8.0.0.0.0.1
DEVICE
DEVICE
DEVICE
HP OPEN-9 /dev/dsk/c6t0d0/dev/rdsk/c6t0d0
HP OPEN-9*2 /dev/dsk/c6t0d1 /dev/rdsk/c6t0d1
disk
ext_bus 7 14/12.8.0.255.0
target
ctl
INTERFACE FCP Device Interface
DEVICE
10 14/12.8.0.255.0.0
5 14/12.8.0.255.0.0.0sctl
DEVICE
HP HPA3308 /dev/rscsi/c7t0d0
In the example:
HP OPEN-9 device: SCSI bus number = 14/12, bus instance = 6, SCSI
target ID = 0, LUN = 0.
HP OPEN-9*2 device: SCSI bus number = 14/12, bus instance = 6,
SCSI target ID = 0, LUN = 1.
If UNKNOWN is displayed for a disk, the HP 9000 system may not be
configured properly. Refer to the HP documentation or contact HP
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customer support for assistance with the HP 9000 system or the
HP-UX operating system.
3. Enter the device data for each disk array device in a table. See “Path
worksheet” on page 56.
4. Construct the device file name for each device, using the device
information, and enter the file names in your table. Use the following
formula to construct the device file name:
cxtydz
where
x = SCSI bus instance number
y = SCSI target ID
z = LUN
c stands for controller, t stands for target ID, and d stands for device.
The numbers x, y, and z are hexadecimal.
Example
SCSI bus
instance number Hardware path SCSI TID
LUN File name
00
00
14/12.6.0
14/12.6.1
6
6
0
1
c6t0d0
c6t0d1
5. Verify that the SCSI TIDs correspond to the assigned port address for
all connected ports (see mapping tables on page 57 in Appendix B, for
values). If so, the logical devices are recognized properly.
If the logical devices are not recognized properly:
• Check the AL-PA for each port using the LUN Manager software.
• If the same port address is set for multiple ports on the same loop
(AL with HUB), all port addresses except one changed to another
value, and the relationship between AL-PA and TID does not
correspond to the mapping given in Appendix B (page 57), set a
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different address for each port, reboot the server, and then verify new
device recognition again.
• If unused device information remains, the TID-to-AL-PA mapping
will not correspond to the mapping given in Appendix B (page 57).
Renew the device information, and then verify new device
recognition again.
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Configure disk array devices
Disk arrays are configured using the same procedure for configuring any
7. Setting the I/O timeout parameter (page 44)
8. Creating the mount directories (page 45)
9. Mounting and verifying the file systems (page 46)
10. Setting and verifying the auto-mount parameters (page 47)
The HP-UX system uses the Logical Volume Manager (LVM) to manage
the OPEN-x devices on the disk array. The instructions in this section do
not explicitly cover all LVM configuration issues. For further information
on LVM configuration, see the HP-UX user documentation.
HP System Administrator Manager (SAM) can be used instead of UNIX
commands to configure SCSI disk devices. See appendix C (page 67) for
further information.
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Verifying the device files and drivers
The device files for new devices are usually created automatically during
HP-UX startup. Each device must have a block-type device file in the
/dev/dsk directory and a character-type device file in the /dev/rdsk
directory.
However, some HP-compatible systems do not create the device files
automatically. If verification shows that the device files were not created,
follow the instructions in “Creating the device files” (page 33) to create the
device files manually.
This procedure verifies both types of device files.
To verify that the device files for the disk array devices were created:
1. Display the block-type device files in the /dev/dsk directory using the
ls –l command with the output piped to more. Verify there is one
block-type device file for each disk array device.
# ls –l /dev/dsk | more
Total 0
Example
brw-r - - - - - 1 bin sys 28 0x006000 Dec 6 15:08
c6t0d0
brw-r - - - - - 1 bin sys 280 0x06100 Dec 6 15:08
c6t0d1
2. Verify that the block-type device file name for each device is correct.
3. Display the character-type device files in the /dev/rdsk directory using
the ls –l command with the output piped to more. Verify that there is
one character-type device file for each disk array device.
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# ls –l /dev/rdsk | more
Total 0
Example
crw-r - - - - - 1 bin sys 177 0x006000 Dec 6 15:08
c6t0d0
crw-r - - - - - 1 bin sys 177 0x006100 Dec 6 15:08
c6t0d1
4. Use the device data table you created to verify that the character-type
device file name for each device is correct.
This task can also be accomplished with the lssf command.
5. After verifying the block-type and character-type device files, verify the
HP-UX driver for the disk array using the ioscan –fn command.
Example
# ioscan -fn
Class I H/W Path
Driver
S/W StateH/W Type
Description
=============================================================================================
bc
0
root
bc
CLAIMED BUS_NEXUS
bc
1 8
CLAIMED BUS_NEXUS Bus Converter
CLAIMED INTERFACE HP Fibre Channel Mass Storage
CLAIMED INTERFACE FCP Protocol Adapter
CLAIMED INTERFACE FCP Device Interface
fc
0 8/12
0 8/12.8
fcT1
fcp
fcp
ext_bus 2 8/12.8.0.255.0
fcpdev
disk
disk
disk
3 8/12.8.8.255.0.6.0 sdisk
/dev/dsk/c2t6d0
CLAIMED DEVICE
/dev/rdsk/c2t6d0
CLAIMED DEVICE
/dev/rdsk/c2t6d1
CLAIMED DEVICE
/dev/rdsk/c2t8d0
HITACHI OPEN-9
HITACHI OPEN-9
HITACHI 3390*3B
4 8/12.8.8.255.0.6.1 sdisk
/dev/dsk/c2t6d1
5 8/12.8.8.255.0.8.0 sdisk
/dev/dsk/c2t8d0
:
#
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Creating the device files
If the device files were not created automatically when the system was
restarted, use the insf –e command in the /dev directory to create the device
files. After this command is executed, repeat the procedures in the previous
section (page 31) to verify new device recognition and the device files and
driver.
# insf -e
Example
insf: Installing special files for mux2 instance 0
address 8/0/0
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
#
Failure of the insf –e command indicates a SAN problem.
If the device files for the new disk array devices cannot be created
automatically, you must create the device files manually using the mknod
command as follows:
1. Retrieve the device information you recorded earlier.
2. Construct the device file name for each device, using the device
information, and enter the file names in your table. Use the following
formula to construct the device file name:
cxtydz
where
x = SCSI bus instance number
y = SCSI target ID
z = LUN
c stands for controller, t stands for target ID, and d stands for device.
The numbers x, y, and z are hexadecimal.
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3. Construct the minor number for each device, using the device
information, and enter the file names in your table. Use the following
formula to construct the minor number:
0xxxyz00
where
xx = SCSI bus instance number
y = SCSI target ID
z = LUN
4. Display the driver information for the system using the lsdev command.
# lsdev
Example
Character Block Driver Class
:
:
:
:
188
31
sdisk
disk
#
5. Enterthe major numbers for the device drivers into the table. You should
now have all required device and driver information in the table.
6. Create the device files for all disk array devices (SCSI disk and
multiplatform devices) using the mknod command. Create the
block-type device files in the /dev/dsk directory and the character-type
device files in the /dev/rdsk directory.
# cd /dev/dskGo to /dev/dsk directory.
# mknod /dev/dsk/c2t6d0 b 31 0x026000
Create block-type file.
Example
File name, b=block-type, 31=major #, 0x026000= minor
#
# cd /dev/rdskGo to /dev/rdsk directory.
# mknod /dev/rdsk/c2t6d0 c 188 0x026000
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Create character-type file.
File name, c=character-type, 177=major #,
0x026000=minor #
:
#
The character-type device file is required for volumes used as raw
devices (for example, 3390-3A/B/C). The block-type device file is not
required for volumes used as raw devices.
If you need to delete a device file, use the rm –i command.
Example of a completed device data table
Minor #
Major #
Major #
Bus Instance Disk
Device TID LUN Device 0xXXYZ0 for char. for block
no.
(XX)
no.
H/W path
Driver
type
(Y) (Z)
file
0
files
files
8/12 02
8/12 02
8/12 02
3
8/12.8.8.255.0.6.0 sdisk OPEN-9 6
8/12.8.8.255.0.6.1 sdisk OPEN-9 6
8/12.8.8.255.0.8.0 sdisk 3390-3B 8
0
1
0
c2t6d0 0x026000
c2t6d1 0x026100
c2t8d0 0x028000
188
188
188
31
31
31
4
5
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Creating the physical volumes
A physical volume must be created for each new SCSI disk device.
To create the physical volumes:
1. Use the pvcreate command to create the physical volumes with the
character-type device file as the argument. Specify the /dev/rdsk
directory.
# pvcreate /dev/rdsk/c6t0d0
Example
Physical volume "/dev/rdsk/c6t0d0" has been
successfully created.
:
# pvcreate /dev/rdsk/c6t0d1
Physical volume "/dev/rdsk/c6t0d1" has been
successfully created.
Do not use the –f option with the pvcreate command. This option
creates a new physical volume forcibly and overwrites the existing
volume. If you accidentally enter the character-type device file for an
existing volume, you will lose the data on that volume.
2. Repeat step 1 for each OPEN-x device on the disk array.
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Creating new volume groups
You must create new volume groups for the new physical volumes. If
desired, you can also add any of the volumes on the disk array to existing
volume groups using the vgextend command. The physical volumes that
make up one volume group can be located either in the same disk array or
in other disk arrays.
To allow more volume groups to be created, use SAM to modify the
HP-UX system kernel configuration. See appendix C (page 67) for details.
To create volume groups:
1. Use the vgdisplay command to display the existing volume groups.
2. Choose a unique name for the new volume group (for example: vg06).
3. Create the directory for the new volume group.
# mkdir /dev/vg06
Example
Example
4. Use the ls –l command (with the output piped to grep to display only
the files containing “group”) to display the minor numbers for the
existing group files.
# ls –1 /dev/vg* | grep group
crw-rw-rw 1 root root 64 0x0000000 Nov7 08:13
group
:
5. Chooseaunique minornumberforthenewgroupfileinsequentialorder
(for example, when existing volume groups are vg00-vg05 and the next
group name is vg06, use minor number 06 for the vg06 group file).
The minor numbers are hexadecimal (for example, the 10th minor
number is 0x0a0000).
6. Use mknod to create the group file for the new directory. Specify the
volume group name, major number, and minor number. The major
number for all group files is 64.
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Example
In this example: group name = vg06, major number of group file = 64,
minor number of existing group file = 06 (which must be unique for
each volume group), and c = character.
# mknod /dev/vg06/group c 64 0x060000
:
7. Create the volume group.
To allocate more than one physical volume to the new volume group,
add the other physical volumes, separated by a space.
# vgcreate /dev/vg06 /dev/dsk/c6t0d0
Example
Volume group "/dev/vg06" has been successfully
created.
Volume group configuration for /dev/vg06 has been
For Logical Unit Size Expansion (LUSE) volumes that contain more
than 17 OPEN-8/9 LDEVs or more than 7043 MB
(OPEN-8/9*n-CVS), use the –s and –e physical extent (PE)
parameters of the vgcreate command. See “LUSE device parameters”
(page 62).
If you need to delete a volume group, use the vgremove command (for
example, vgremove /dev/vgnn). If the vgremove command does not
work because the volume group is not active, use the vgexport
command (for example, vgexport /dev/vgnn).
8. Use the vgdisplay command to verify that the new directory was
created.
9. Use vgdisplay –v to verify that the volume group was created correctly.
The –v option displays the detailed volume group information.
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# vgdisplay –v /dev/vg06
Example
- - - Volume groups - - -
VG Name
/dev/vg06
VG Write Access
VG Status
Max LV
read/write
available
255
0
Cur LV
Open LV
0
Max PV
16
1
Cur PV
Act PV
1
Max PE per PV
VGDA
1016
2
PE Size (Mbytes)
Total PE
Alloc PE
Free PE
4
586
0
586
0
Total PVG
- - Physical Volumes - - -
PV Name
/dev/dsk/c6t0d0
PV Status
Total PE
Free PE
available
586
586
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Creating logical volumes
Use these commands for logical volume configuration:
lvremove
Deletes a logical volume.
Any file system attached to the logical volume must be
unmounted before executing the lvremove command.
Example: lvremove /dev/vgnn/lvolx
lvextend
lvreduce
Increases the size of an existing logical volume.
Example: lvextend –L size /dev/vgnn/lvolx
Decreases the size of an existing logical volume.
Any file system attached to the logical volume must be
unmounted before executing the lvreduce command.
Example: lvreduce –L size /dev/vgnn/lvolx
Caution Data within the file system can be lost after execution of lvreduce.
Create logical volumes after you create volume groups. A logical volume
must be created for each new SCSI disk device
To create logical volumes:
1. Use the lvcreate –L command to create a logical volume.
Specify the volume size (in megabytes) and the volume group for the
new logical volume. HP-UX assigns the logical volume numbers
automatically (lvol1, lvol2, lvol3). Use the following capacity values
for the size parameter:
OPEN-K = 1740
OPEN-3 = 2344
OPEN-8 = 7004
OPEN-9 = 7004
OPEN-E = 13888
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OPEN-L = 34756
OPEN-V = 61432
To calculate S1 for CVS, LUSE, and CVS LUSE volumes, first use
the vgdisplay command to display the physical extent size (PE Size)
and usable number of physical extents (Free PE) for the volume.
Calculate the maximum size value (in MB) as follows:
S1 = (PE Size) × (Free PE)
Logical volumes can span multiple physical volumes. Use the
diskinfo command for extended LUNs.
Example
Create an OPEN-3 logical volume the size of the physical volume,
using 2344 for the size parameter. An OPEN-9 volume uses 7040 for
the size parameter to create a logical volume the size of the physical
volume.
# lvcreate –L 2344 /dev/vg06
Logical volume "/dev/vg06/lvol1" has been
successfully created with character device
"/dev/vg06/rlvol1".
Logical volume "/dev/vg06/lvol1" has been
successfully extended.
Volume Group configuration for /dev/vg06 has been
saved in /etc/1vmconf/vg06.cof.
2. Use the lvdisplay command to verify that the logical volume was
created correctly.
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# lvdisplay /dev/vg06/lvol1
- - - Logical volume - - -
Example
LV Name
/dev/vg06/lvol1
VG Name
/dev/vg06
read/write
available/syncd
0
LV Permission
LV Status
Mirror copies
Consistency Recovery MWC
Schedule
parallel
LV Size (Mbytes)
Current LE
Allocated PE
Stripes
2344
586
0
Stripe Size (Kbytes) 0
Bad block
Allocation
on
strict
3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 for each logical volume to be created.
You can create only one logical volume at a time. However, you can
verify multiple logical volumes at a time.
Creating the file systems
Create the file system for each new logical volume on the disk array. The
default file system types are:
• HP-UX OS version 10.20 = hfs or vxfs, depending on entry in the
/etc/defaults/fs file.
• HP-UX OS version 11.0 = vxfs
• HP-UX OS version 11.i = vxfs
To create file systems:
1. Use the newfs command to create the file system using the logical
volume as the argument.
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# newfs /dev/vg06/rlvol1
Example
newfs: /etc/default/fs is used for determining the
file system type
mkfs (hfs): Warning -272 sectors in the last
cylinder are not allocated.
mkfs (hfs): /dev/vg06/rlvol1 - 2400256 sectors in
3847 cylinders of 16 tracks, 2547.9MB in 241 cyl
groups (16 c/g, 10.22Mb/g, 1600 ig/g)
Super block backups (for fsck -b) at:
16, 10040, 20064, 30038, 40112, 50136, 60160,
70184, 80208, 90232, . . . 2396176
# newfs /dev/vg06/rlvol1Create file system
Example
newfs: / etc/default/fs is used for determining the
file system type
mkfs (hfs): ...
:
7188496, 7198520, 7208544
#
# newfs -F vxfs /dev/vg06/rlvol1Specify file system type
Example
:
# newfs -F hfs /dev/vg06/rlvol2
2. Repeat step 1 for each logical volume on the disk array.
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Setting the I/O timeout parameter
Set the I/O timeout value for each disk device to 60 seconds.
To change the I/O time-out parameter:
1. Verify the current I/O time-out value using the pvdisplay command:
# pvdisplay /dev/dsk/c0t6d0
Example
This causes current values to be displayed:
--- Physical volumes ---
PV Name
VG Name
/dev/dsk/c0t6d0
/dev/vg06
PV Status
Allocatable
VGDA
available
yes
2
Cur LV
1
PE Size (Mbytes)
Total PE
Free PE
Allocated PE
Stale PE
4
586
0
586
0
[OPEN-9]
[I/O timeout value]
IO Timeout (Seconds) default
2. If the I/O timeout value is not 60, change the value to 60 using the
pvchange -t command:
# pvchange -t 60 /dev/dsk/c0t6d0
Example
This result is displayed:
Physical volume "/dev/dsk/c0t6d0" has been
successfully changed.
Volume Group configuration for /dev/vg06 has been
saved in /etc/lvmconf/vg06.cof
3. Verify that the new I/O timeout value is 60 seconds using the pvdisplay
command:
# pvdisplay /dev/dsk/c0t6d0
Example
Current values are now displayed, confirming that the new I/O timeout
value is 60 seconds:
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--- Physical volumes ---
PV Name
VG Name
PV Status
:
/dev/dsk/c0t6d0
/dev/vg06
available
Stale PE
0
IO Timeout (Seconds) 60
[New I/O timeout value]
4. Repeat the above steps for each new disk that is connected to the system.
Creating the mount directories
Create a mount directory for each logical volume. Choose a unique name
for each mount directory that identifies the logical volume.
Example The following example shows the root directory as the location for the
mount directories.
To create a mount directory for each logical volume:
1. Use mkdir with the new mount directory name as the argument to create
the mount directory.
# mkdir /AHPMD-LU00
2. Use the ls –x command to verify the new mount directory.
# ls -x
AHPMD-LU00 bin
port
dev
device etc
ex
floppy
b
home hstsboof kadb
kernel li
3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 for each logical volume on the disk array.
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Mounting and verifying the file systems
After the mount directories have been created, mount and verify the file
system for each logical volume.
To mount and verify the file systems:
1. Use mount to mount the file system for the volume.
# mount /dev/vg06/lvol1 /AHPMD-LU00
Example
Example
2. Repeat step 1 for each logical volume on the disk array.
If you need to unmount a file system, use the unmount command.
3. Use the bdf command to verify that the file systems are correct. The
capacity is listed under Kbytes.
# bdf
Filesystem
Kbytes used avail %used Mounted on
/ldev/vg00/lvol1 59797 59364
0 100% /
:
/ldev/vg06/lvol1 2348177
9 2113350 0% /AHPMD-LU00
4. As a final verification, perform some basic UNIX operations (for
example file creation, copying, and deletion) on each logical device to
make sure that the devices on the disk array are fully operational.
#cd /AHPMD-LU00
Example
#cp /bin/vi /AHPMD-LU00/vi.back1
#ls -l
drwxr-xr-t
2 root root
8192 Mar 15
11:35 lost+found
-rwxr-xr-x
1 root sys
217088 Mar 15
11:41 vi.back1
#cp vi.back1 vi.back2
#ls -l
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drwxr-xr-t
11:35 lost+found
2 root root
8192 Mar 15
217088 Mar 15
217088 Mar 15
-rwxr-xr-x
11:41 vi.back1
1 root sys
-rwxr-xr-x
1 root sys
11:52 vi.back2
Setting and verifying the auto-mount parameters
Set up and verify the auto-mount parameters for each new volume. The
/etc/checklist file (which can also be called the /etc/fstab file) contains the
auto-mount parameters for the logical volumes.
To set up and verify the auto-mount parameters:
1. Edit the /etc/checklist (/etc/fstab) file to add a line for each
OPEN-x device on the disk array. This example and the following table
show the auto-mount parameters.
Example
#cp -ip /etc/checklist /etc/checklist.standard
#vi /etc/checklist
/dev/vg00/lvol1
/dev/vg00/lvol2
:
/
hfs
ignore
rw
rw
0
0
1
0
# root
# primary swap
swap
/dev/vg06/lvol1
/dev/vg06/lvol2
/AHPMD-LU00
/AHPMD-LU01
hfs
hfs
defaults
defaults
0
0
2
2
# AHPMD-LU00
# AHPMD-LU01
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
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Parameter Name
Enter
Device to mount Block-type device file name
P1
P2
Mount point
File system
Mount directory name
Type of file system (for example,
hfs, vxfs)
P3
Mount options
“defaults” or other appropriate
mount options
P4
P5
Enhance
0
File system check Order for performing file system
P6
P7
(fsck pass)
checks
Comments
Comment statement
2. Reboot the system.
3. Use the bdf command to verify the file system again.
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2
Troubleshooting
This section includes resolutions for various error conditions you may
encounter.
If you are unable to resolve an error condition, ask your HP support
representative for assistance. See “Calling the HP support center” on
page 53.
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Error conditions
Depending on your system configuration, you may be able to view error
messages as follows:
• View SIMs in Command View (Device Health tab).
• View R-SIMs in Remote Control XP, including reference codes and
severity levels of recent R-SIMs.
• View SIMs that generate SNMP traps on the host.
Error Condition
Recommended Action
The logical devices are not Verify that the READY indicator lights on the disk array are ON.
recognized by the host.
Verify that fiber cables are correctly installed and firmly connected.
Verify that the target IDs are properly configured. The LUNs for each
TID must start at 0 and continue sequentially without skipping any
numbers.
Verify that the TIDs/WWNs on each bus are unique. Do not install
two devices with the same ID on the same bus.
Recheck the buses for new devices.
Verify that LUSE devices are not intermixed with normal LUNs on the
same port.
Verify that the maximum number of LUSE devices per port has not
been exceeded.
Verify that the disk array Host Mode is set correctly.
The host does not reboot
If you power off the host without executing the shutdown process,
properly after hard shutdown. wait three minutes to allow the disk array’s internal timeout process to
purge queued commands. If the host restarts while the disk array is
processing queued commands, the host may not reboot successfully.
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Error Condition
Recommended Action
Physical volumes cannot be Verify that the disk array logical devices are correctly formatted.
created (pvcreate).
Verify that the character-type device file exists.
Verify that the correct character-type device file name is used with
pvcreate (for example, /dev/rdsk/...).
Volume group cannot be
Verify that the directory for the new volume group exists.
created (vgcreate).
Verify that the control file exists.
Verify that the correct major number (64) and minor number are used
with mknod.
Verify that the block-type device file exists and is entered correctly
with vgcreate.
Verify that the physical volume is not already allocated to another
volume group.
Logical volumes cannot be Verify that the volume capacity for OPEN-x volumes is not greater
created (lvcreate).
than the maximum capacity allowed. See the Device Emulations
Appendix.
Verify that the capacity of the volume group is not less than the total
capacity of the partitioned logical volume.
The file system cannot be
Verify that the character-type device file is entered correctly with
created (newfs command).
newfs (for example, /dev/vg01/r/vo/x).
A file system is not mounted Verify that the host was restarted correctly.
after rebooting.
Verify that the file system attributes are correct.
Verify that the auto-mount information in the /etc/checklist
(/etc/fstab) file is correct.
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Error Condition
Recommended Action
The disk array performs a
self reboot because the disk
array was busy or it logged a
panic message.
Reboot the host.
The disk array responds “Not Contact HP.
Ready” or the disk array has
displayed “Not Ready” and
timed out.
The host detects a parity
error.
Check the HBA and make sure it was installed properly.
Reboot the host.
The host hangs or devices are Make sure there are no duplicate disk array TIDs and that disk array
declared and the host hangs. TIDs do not conflict with any host TIDs.
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Calling the HP support center
If you are unable to resolve an error condition, contact the HP support
center for assistance.
Contact Information
In North America, call technical support at 1-800-652-6672, available 24
hours a day, 7 days a week.
Outside North America, call technical support at the nearest location.
Telephone numbers for worldwide technical support are listed on the HP
website under support:
Before you call
Be sure to have the following information available:
• Technical support registration number (if applicable)
• Product serial numbers
• Product model names and numbers
• Applicable error messages
• Operating system type and revision level
• Detailed, specific questions
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Path worksheet
Minor # Major # Major #
0xXXYZ for char. for block
Bus Instance Disk
H/W path
Device TID LUN Device
Driver
no. (XX)
no.
type
(Y) (Z) file
00
files
files
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B
Disk array device emulations
This appendix provides information about supported emulations and device
type specifications. Some parameters may not be relevant to your array.
Consult your HP representative for information about supported
configurations for your system.
Disk array device emulations
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Supported emulations
XP Type
Emulation OPEN-x
LUSE
CVS
LUSE & CVS
OPEN-3
OPEN-8
OPEN-9
OPEN-E
OPEN-K
OPEN-L
OPEN-M
OPEN-V
OPEN-3
OPEN-8
OPEN-9
OPEN-E
OPEN-K
OPEN-L
OPEN-M
OPEN-V
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
XP48
XP512
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
XP128
XP1024
XP12000
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
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Device type specifications
Sector
Size
Sectors
per
Device Type
(Note 1)
Category Blocks
# of
CapacityMB*
(Note 3)
(Note 2)
(512 bytes ) (bytes) Cylinders Heads Track
OPEN-3
SCSI disk
SCSI disk
SCSI disk
SCSI disk
SCSI disk
4806720
14351040
14423040
28452960
71192160
512
512
512
512
512
512
3338
9966
15
15
15
15
15
15
96
96
2347
7007
OPEN-8
OPEN-9
10016
19759
49439
Note 5
96
7042
OPEN-E
OPEN-L
OPEN-V
LUSE
96
13893
34761
Note 6
96
SCSI disk max=125827200
128
OPEN-3*n
OPEN-8*n
OPEN-9*n
OPEN-E*n
OPEN-L*n
OPEN-V*n
SCSI disk
SCSI disk
SCSI disk
SCSI disk
SCSI disk
4806720*n
14351040*n
14423040*n
28452960*n
71192160*n
512
512
512
512
512
512
3338*n
9966*n
10016*n
19759*n
49439*n
Note 5
15
15
15
15
15
15
96
96
2347*n
7007*n
7042*n
13893*n
34761*n
Note 6
96
96
96
SCSI disk max=125827200
Note 4
128
CVS
OPEN-3 CVS
OPEN-8 CVS
OPEN-9 CVS
OPEN-E CVS
CVS LUSE
SCSI disk
SCSI disk
SCSI disk
SCSI disk
Note 4
Note 4
Note 4
Note 4
512
512
512
512
Note 5
Note 5
Note 5
Note 5
15
15
15
15
96
96
96
96
Note 6
Note 6
Note 6
Note 6
OPEN-3*n CVS
OPEN-8*n CVS
OPEN-9*n CVS
OPEN-E*n CVS
OPEN-V*n
SCSI disk
SCSI disk
SCSI disk
SCSI disk
SCSI disk
Note 4
Note 4
Note 4
Note 4
Note 4
512
512
512
512
512
Note 5
Note 5
Note 5
Note 5
Note 5
15
15
15
15
15
96
96
Note 6
Note 6
Note 6
Note 6
Note 6
96
96
128
2
*Capacity = (512 x number of blocks) ÷ 1024
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Note 1: The availability of a disk type depends on the disk array.
Note 2: The devices are defined to the host as SCSI disk devices, even though the
interface is Fibre Channel.
Note 3: The device capacity can sometimes be changed by the BIOS or host adapter
board. This may make actual capacity different from that listed in the table.
Note 4: The number of blocks for a CVS volume is calculated as follows:
# of blocks = (# of cylinders) × (# of heads) × (# of sectors per track)
Example 1: For an OPEN-3 CVS volume with capacity = 37 MB:
# of blocks = (53 cylinders–see Note 5) × (15 heads) × (96 sectors per
track) = 76320
Example 2: For an OPEN-V CVS volume with capacity = 49 MB:
# of blocks = (53 cylinders–see Note 5) × (15 heads) × (128 sectors per
track) = 101760
Note 5: The number of cylinders for a CVS volume is calculated as follows (↑ …↑
means that the value should be rounded up to the next integer):
OPEN-3/8/9/E: The number of cylinders for a CVS volume =
# of cylinders = ↑ (capacity (MB) specified by user) × 1024/720 ↑
Example: For an OPEN-3 CVS volume with capacity = 37 MB:
#ofcylinders=↑ 37× 1024/720↑ =↑ 52.62↑ (roundeduptonextinteger)=
53 cylinders
OPEN-V: The number of cylinders for a CVS volume =
# of cylinders = ↑ (capacity (MB) specified by user) × 16/15 ↑
Example: For an OPEN-V CVS volume with capacity = 49 MB:
#ofcylinders=↑ 49× 16/15↑ =↑ 52.26↑ (roundeduptonextinteger)=53
cylinders
OPEN-3/8/9/E: The number of cylinders for a CVS LUSE volume =
# of cylinders = ↑ (capacity (MB) specified by user) × 1024/720 ↑ × n
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Example: For a CVS LUSE volume with capacity = 37 MB and n = 4
# of cylinders = ↑ 37 × 1024/720↑ × 4 = ↑ 52.62↑ × 4 = 53 × 4 = 212
OPEN-V: The number of cylinders for a CVS LUSE volume =
# of cylinders = ↑ (capacity (MB) specified by user) × 16/15 ↑ × n
Example: For an OPEN-V CVS LUSE volume with capacity = 49 MB and
n = 4
# of cylinders = ↑ 49 × 16/15↑ × 4 = ↑ 52.26↑ × 4 = 53 × 4 = 212
Note 6: The capacity of an OPEN-3/8/9/E CVS volume is specified in MB, not
number of cylinders. The capacity of an OPEN-V CVS volume can be
specified in MB or number of cylinders. You set the volume size using the
LUN Configuration Manager or Command View software.
Disk array device emulations
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LUSE device parameters
Max
Physical
extent
size (PE)
physical
extent size
(MPE)
Device type
OPEN-K/3/8/9/E
default
default
OPEN-3/K*n (n= 2 to 36)
OPEN-3/K-CVS
OPEN-3/K*n-CVS (n = 2 to 36)
OPEN-8/9*n
n = 2 to 17
default
default
15845
16725
17606
18486
19366
20247
21127
22007
22888
23768
24648
25529
26409
27289
28170
29050
29930
30810
31691
n = 18
n = 19
n = 20
n = 21
n = 22
n = 23
n = 24
n = 25
n = 26
n = 27
n = 28
n = 29
n = 30
n = 31
n = 32
n = 33
n = 34
n = 35
n = 36
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
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Max
Physical
extent
size (PE)
physical
extent size
(MPE)
Device type
OPEN-E*n
n = 2 to 9
n = 10
n = 11
n = 12
n = 13
n = 14
n = 15
n = 16
n = 17
n = 18
n = 19
n = 20
n = 21
n = 22
n = 23
n = 24
n = 25
n = 26
n = 27
n = 28
n = 29
n = 30
n = 31
n = 32
default
default
17366
19102
20839
22576
24312
26049
27786
29522
31259
32995
34732
36469
38205
39942
41679
43415
45152
46889
48625
50362
52098
53835
55572
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
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Max
Physical
extent
size (PE)
physical
extent size
(MPE)
Device type
n = 33
8
57308
59045
60782
62518
default
default
n = 34
8
n = 35
8
n = 36
8
OPEN-L*n
n = 2 to 3
default
default
OPEN-8/9/E-CVS
OPEN-V
OPEN-8/9/E*n-CVS
OPEN-V*n
(n = 2 to 36)
70 to 119731(MB) × N1
119732 to (MB) × N1
8
8
default
N2
N1 = [ VCS volume capacity (in MB) from Remote Console PC ] × n
N2 = ↑ N1 / PE ↑ (↑ means round up to next integer)
Example: CVS volume capacity is 6000 MB for OPEN-9*22-CVS volume:
N1 = 6000 × 22 = 132000
N2 = ↑ 132000/8 ↑ = 16500
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SCSI TID map for Fibre Channel adapters
When an arbitrated loop (AL) is established or reestablished, the port
addresses are assigned automatically to prevent duplicate TIDs. With the
SCSI over Fibre Channel protocol (FCP), there is no longer a need for
target IDs in the traditional sense.
SCSI is a bus-oriented protocol requiring each device to have a unique
address since all commands go to all devices. For Fibre Channel, the
AL-PA is used instead of the TID to direct packets to the desired
destination.
Unlike traditional SCSI, when control of the loop is acquired, a
point-to-point connection is established from initiator to target. To enable
transparent use of FCP, the operating system maps a TID to each AL-PA.
The host maps SCSI protocol to Fibre Channel protocol and detects and
accesses Fibre Channel-connected devices using device files
(/dev/dsk/c*t*d* and /dev/rdsk/c*t*d*) in the same way as for
SCSI-connected devices. The device files for Fibre Channel-connected
devices are configured in a different way from SCSI-connected devices,
because Fibre Channel supports 126 addresses per path while SCSI
supports 16 TIDs per path.
The following table identifies the fixed mappings between the TID (drive)
values assigned by the operating system and the Fibre Channel native
addresses (AL_PA/SEL_ID) for Fibre Channel adapters. The controller
number (the dks value in /dev/dsk/dks*d*l*s*) depends on the server
configuration, and a different value is assigned per each column.
Disk array device emulations
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The mapping cannot be done when these conditions exist:
• disk array devices and other types of devices are connected in the
same loop
• information for unused devices remains in the server system
• multiple ports participate in the same arbitrated loop
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
AL-P valu AL-P valu AL-P valu AL-P valu AL-P valu AL-P valu AL-P valu AL-P valu
A
e
A
e
A
e
A
e
A
e
A
e
A
e
A
e
EF
E8
E4
E2
E1
E0
DC
DA
D9
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
CE
0
CD
CC
CB
CA
C9
C7
C6
C5
C3
BC
BA
B9
B6
B5
B4
B3
0
B2
B1
AE
AD
AC
AB
AA
A9
A7
A6
A5
A3
9F
0
98
97
90
8F
88
84
82
81
80
7C
7A
79
76
75
74
73
0
72
71
6E
6D
6C
6B
6A
69
67
66
65
63
5C
5A
59
56
0
55
54
53
52
51
4E
4D
4C
4B
4A
49
47
46
45
43
3C
0
3A
39
36
35
34
33
32
31
2E
2D
2C
2B
2A
29
27
26
0
25
23
1F
1E
1D
1B
18
17
10
0F
08
04
02
01
00
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
4
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
10
11
12
13
14
15
10
11
12
13
14
15
10
11
12
13
14
15
10
11
12
13
14
15
10
11
12
13
14
15
10
11
12
13
14
15
10
11
12
13
–
9E
9D
9B
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C
Reference information for SAM
The HP System Administrator Manager (SAM) is used to perform HP-UX
system administration functions, including:
• setting up users and groups
• configuring the disks and file systems
• performing auditing and security activities
• editing the system kernel configuration
This appendix provides instructions for:
• using SAM to configure the disk devices
• using SAM to set the maximum number of volume groups
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Configuring the devices using SAM
The SAM Areas window displays the system administration functions and
allows you to select the desired function. The Disks and File Systems
function allows you to configure new disk devices for LVM operations.
To configure the newly installed SCSI disk devices:
1. Select Disks and File Systems, then select Disk Devices.
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2. Verify that the new disk array devices are displayed in the Disk Devices
window.
3. Select the device to configure, select the Actions menu, select Add, and
then select Using the Logical Volume Manager.
4. In the Add a Disk Using LVM window, select Create... or Extend a
Volume Group.
5. In the Create a Volume Group window, enter the name of the new or
existing volume group to assign the new device to, and then click OK
twice. The Add a Disk Using LVM window now displays the volume
group name.
Volumes window.
7. In the Create New Logical Volumes window, enter the name, size in
megabytes, and mount directory for the new logical volume. Select
Add, and then click OK twice.
8. Repeat steps 3 through 7 for each new disk device on the disk array.
Reference information for SAM
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Setting the maximum number of volume groups
using SAM
The HP-UX kernel specifies the maximum number of volume groups that
can be created. The default is 10. You may need to change this number to
accommodate new devices on the disk array. To change this number, use
the Kernel Configuration function.
To change the maximum number of volume groups:
1. Select the Kernel Configuration function, then select Configurable
Parameters.
2. In the Configurable Parameters window, select the maxvgs
parameter, select the Actions menu, and then select Modify
Configurable Parameter.
3. In the Modify Configurable Parameter window, enter the desired
maximum number of volume groups in the Formula/Value field, and
then click OK.
4. In the Configurable Parameters window, make sure that none of the
parameters are selected. Then select the Actions menu, and select
Create New Kernel.
5. When the configuration window opens, click Yes to create the new
kernel (or click No to return to the Configurable Parameters window.)
6. When the Reboot the System window opens, click OK to move the
new kernel into place and reboot the system.
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Glossary
AL
Arbitrated loop.
AL-PA
BC
Arbitrated loop physical address.
HP StorageWorks Business Copy XP. BC lets you maintain up to nine local
copies of logical volumes on the disk array.
CA
HP StorageWorks Continuous Access XP. CA lets you create and maintain
duplicate copies of local logical volumes on a remote disk array.
Command View
command device
CVS
HP StorageWorks Command View XP, a software product for managing XP
arrays. Command View runs on a Windows-based management workstation.
An LDEV that transfers RAID Manager commands to BC or CA logical
volumes.
CVS devices (OPEN-x CVS) are custom volumes that are smaller than
normal fixed-sized logical disk devices (volumes).
DKC
(disk controller unit)
The array cabinet that houses the channel adapters and service processor
(SVP).
DKU
The array cabinets that house the disk array physical disks.
(disk cabinet unit)
emulation modes
Emulation modes can be assigned to LDEVs to make them operate like
standard OPEN system disk drives. The emulation mode of an LDEV
determines its capacity. Refer to the appendices for device capacities.
FC
Fibre Channel.
Glossary
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FC-AL
FCP
Fibre Channel arbitrated loop.
Fibre Channel Protocol.
Host bus adapter.
HBA
HP
Hewlett-Packard Company.
LDEV
Logical device. An LDEV is created when a RAID group is divided into
sections using a selected host emulation mode (for example, OPEN-9 or
OPEN-M). The number of resulting LDEVs depends on the emulation mode.
“LDEV” and “volume” are synonyms.
LUN
Logical unit number. A LUN results from mapping a SCSI logical unit
number, port ID, and LDEV ID to a RAID group. The size of the LUN is
determined by the emulation mode of the LDEV and the number of LDEVs
associated with the LUN. For example, a LUN associated with two OPEN-
3 LDEVs has a size of 4,693 MB.
LUSE
Logical Unit Size Expansion, a feature which logically combines LDEVs
so they appear as a larger LDEV. This allows a LUN to be associated with
2 to 36 LDEVs. LUSE allows applications to access data requiring large
amounts of disk space.
OFC
Open Fibre Control.
OPEN-x
A general term describing any one of the supported OPEN emulation
modes (for example, OPEN-L).
OS
Operating system.
path
“Path” and “LUN” are synonymous. Paths are created by associating a port,
a target, and a LUN ID with one or more LDEVs.
port
A connector on a channel adapter card in the disk array. A port passes data
between the disk array and external devices, such as a host server. Ports are
named using a port group and port letter, for example, CL1-A.
RAID
Redundant array of independent disks.
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remote console PC
The PC running HP StorageWorks Remote Control XP.
Remote Control (RC) HP StorageWorks Remote Control XP. A software product used for
managing XP arrays.
R-SIM
SCSI
SIM
Remote service information message.
Small computer system interface.
Service information message.
SNMP
SVP
Simple Network Management Protocol.
Service processor. A notebook computer built into the disk array. The SVP
provides a direct interface to the disk array and is used only by the HP service
representative.
TID
Target ID.
VSC
Volume Size Configuration is a feature that defines custom volumes (CVS
volumes) that are smaller than normal fixed-sized logical disk devices
(volumes).
WWN
World Wide Name. A unique identifier assigned to a Fibre Channel device.
Glossary
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A
mount directories, creating 45
port 19
arbitrated-loop physical address 19
Auto LUN XP 13
Auto Path XP 13
System Option Mode 18
Continuous Access Extension XP 13
B
Data Exchange XP 13
device(s)
C
configuration 30
using SAM 68
emulations 14, 58
Cache LUN XP 13
Cluster Extension XP 13
clustering 22, 23
files
command device(s)
RAID Manager 15
configuration
creating 33
verifying 31
recognition 27
specifications 59
type specifications 59
verifying 27
device 30
recognition 27
using SAM 68
disk array(s)
Fibre Channel ports 19
HBAs 21
host 21
Host Mode, setting 17
I/O timeout parameter 44
connecting 24
device emulations 58
device types 59
features 12
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not ready message 52
requirements 12
self reboot 52
server support 12
supported 5
verifying 31, 46
configuring 21
host
configuration 21
shutdown 50
hangs up 52
logical devices not recognized 50
parity error 52
times out 52
documentation
conventions 6
related 5
host bus adapters, see "HBAs"
Host Mode, setting 17
HP
authorized resellers 7
contact information 6
service representative tasks 17
technical support 6, 53
HP-UX, supported versions 12
E
emulation(s)
device emulation types 14
supported 58
error conditions 50
F
fabric environment
parameter settings 20
port addresses 19
zoning 22, 23
failover 14
Fibre Channel
connecting disk array 24
HBA, verifying 26
overview 16
connection speed 13
parameter settings 20
ports, configuring 19
topology example 20
file system(s)
device 15
logical volume(s)
auto-mount parameters 47
cannot be created 51
creating 40
cannot be created 51
for logical volumes 42
mounting 46
not mounted after rebooting 51
file systems 42, 46
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LUN(s)
SAM (HP System Administrator Manager)
number 70
creating 24
mapping 24
security 22
LUSE device parameters 62
SCSI disk, Fibre Channel interface and term
"SCSI disk" 13
SCSI TIP map 65
M
multi-cluster environment 22
security, LUN 22, 23
server support 12
SNMP configuration 15
storage capacity 12
O
operating system(s)
loading 21
multiple, fabric zoning for 23
P
parity error 52
path(s)
defining 24
technical support 6, 53
worksheet 56
topology, fabric 20
troubleshooting 49
error conditions 50
technical support 53
Performance Advisor XP 13
physical volume(s)
cannot be created 51
creating 36
creating groups 37
port(s)
U
address 19
Fibre Channel 19
volume(s)
groups
R
cannot be created 51
creating 37
RAID Manager command devices 15
RAID Manager XP 13
Remote Control 13
setting maximum number 70
logical
auto-mount parameters 47
Resource Manager XP 13
Index
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creating 40
file systems 42, 46
physical
cannot be created 51
creating 36
creating groups 37
W
warranty 9
websites
HP main 7
HP storage 7, 53
worksheet, path 56
X
XP family
optional software 13
storage capacity 12
Z
zoning, fabric 22, 23
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