BR-6624
Load Balancing Router
Manual
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1: INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................................1
Internet Features ..........................................................................................................................1
Other Features..............................................................................................................................3
Package Contents ........................................................................................................................4
Physical Details ............................................................................................................................4
2: BASIC SETUP..................................................................................................................................8
Overview........................................................................................................................................8
Procedure......................................................................................................................................8
3: ADVANCED PORT SETUP............................................................................................................19
Overview......................................................................................................................................19
Port Options................................................................................................................................19
Load Balance ..............................................................................................................................22
Advanced PPPoE........................................................................................................................24
Advanced PPTP..........................................................................................................................26
4: ADVANCED SETUP.......................................................................................................................28
Overview......................................................................................................................................28
Host IP Setup ..............................................................................................................................28
Routing …………………………………………………………………………………………………...30
Virtual Server ..............................................................................................................................33
Special Application ....................................................................................................................36
Dynamic DNS..............................................................................................................................38
Multi DMZ ....................................................................................................................................40
UPnP............................................................................................................................................42
NAT ..............................................................................................................................................43
ARP Status ………………………………………………………………………………………………45
Advanced Features ....................................................................................................................46
5: SECURITY MANAGEMENT ……………………………………………………………………………..48
Overview …………………………………………………………………………………………………48
URL Filter ....................................................................................................................................48
Access Filter ...............................................................................................................................50
Session Limit ..............................................................................................................................52
System Filter Exception………………………………………………………………………….…… 53
6: QOS CONFIGURATION ………………………………………………………………………………….54
Overview ………………………………………………………………………………………………...54
QoS Setup ...................................................................................................................................54
Policy Configuration...................................................................................................................55
7: MANAGEMENT ASSISTANT ........................................................................................................57
Overview......................................................................................................................................57
SNMP ...........................................................................................................................................57
Email Alert...................................................................................................................................58
Syslog..........................................................................................................................................60
Admin Password ........................................................................................................................62
Upgrade Firmware......................................................................................................................64
8: OPERATION AND STATUS .........................................................................................................66
Operation.....................................................................................................................................66
System Status.............................................................................................................................66
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WAN Status.................................................................................................................................68
NAT Status ..................................................................................................................................69
APPENDIX A SPECIFICATIONS.......................................................................................................71
APPENDIX B WINDOWS TCP/IP SETUP .........................................................................................72
Overview......................................................................................................................................72
TCP/IP Settings...........................................................................................................................72
APPENDIX C TROUBLESHOOTING.................................................................................................78
Overview......................................................................................................................................78
General Problems.......................................................................................................................78
Internet Access...........................................................................................................................78
Copyright ©2005. All Rights Reserved.
Document Version: 2.0
All trademarks and trade names are the properties of their respective owners.
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1: Introduction
Congratulations on the purchase of your new Load Balancer. The Load Balancer provides Shared
Broadband Internet Access for all LAN users.
Figure 1-1: Load Balancer
Internet Features
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Shared Broadband Internet Access
All LAN users can access the Internet through the Load Balancer, by sharing one (1) or two (2)
Broadband modems and connections.
•
High-Performance Dual Modem Support
The Load Balancer has two (2) WAN ports, allowing connection of two (2) Broadband modems.
This gives twice the bandwidth of a single modem.
Flexible configuration allows each port to use a different type of modem and connection method.
Also, you can determine how the Internet traffic is shared between the 2 modems.
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Supports all common Connection Methods
All popular DSL and Cable Modems and connection methods are supported, including Fixed IP,
Dynamic IP, PPPoE, and PPTP.
PPPoE Session Management
Multiple PPPoE sessions are supported and you can choose to “map” sessions to individual PCs
if desired.
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Multiple IP Address Support
If your ISP allocates you multiple IP addresses, these are also supported and you can “map” IP
addresses to individual PCs if desired.
Special Applications
This feature allows you to use some non-standard applications, where the port number used for
the response is different to the port number used by the sender.
Virtual Servers
This feature allows Internet users to access Internet servers on your LAN. For standard servers
such as Web, FTP or E-Mail servers, only the IP address of the server PC is required. You can
also define you own Server types if required.
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•
Multiple DMZ
A "DMZ" PC will receive incoming connection requests, which would otherwise be blocked. For
each IP address allocated by your ISP, a separate "DMZ" PC can be specified. So if your ISP has
given you multiple IP addresses, you can have multiple “DMZ” PCs. Each “DMZ” PC has
unrestricted 2-way Internet access, providing the ability to run programs that are otherwise
incompatible with NAT routers like the Load Balancer.
Access Filter
The network Administrator can use the Access Filter to gain fine control over the Internet access
and applications available to LAN users. Five (5) user groups are available, and each group can
have different access rights.
URL Filter
Use this feature to block access to undesirable Web sites by LAN users. You can even have
different settings for different groups of PCs.
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•
Session Limit
With Session Limit feature, if the numbers of new sessions for system exceed the maximum in
the sampling time, any new session in the system will be drop.
System Filter Exception
With firewall exception, the packets will not be processed by firewall or NAT module, but be
processed directly by system protocol stack.
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Other Features
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4-Port Switching Hub
The Load Balancer incorporates a 4-port 10 /100BaseT switching hub, making it easy to create or
extend your LAN.
DHCP Server Support
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol provides a dynamic IP address to PCs and other devices
upon request. The Load Balancer can act as a DHCP Server for devices on your local LAN.
Multi Segment LAN Support
LANs containing one or more segments are supported, via The Load Balancer's built-in static
routing table.
ARP proxy
The ARP proxy feature allows you to assign an external (Internet) IP address to The Load
Balancer's LAN port. This allows Servers on your LAN to have external (Internet) IP addresses.
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Easy Setup
Use your favorite WEB browser for configuration.
Remote Management
The Load Balancer can be managed from any PC on your LAN. And, if the Internet connection
exists, it can also (optionally) be configured via the Internet.
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Password - protected Configuration
Optional password protection is provided to prevent unauthorized users from modifying the
configuration data and settings.
HTTP Firmware Upgrade and backup
The web management feature allows you to use HTTP upgrade new firmware and backup
system configuration from local or even from remote site. As long as you enable “Remote
upgrade” and “Remote web-based setup” from Advanced feature web page.
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•
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Email Alert
It will send a warning email to the system administrator, if one of the WAN ports was
disconnected when both WAN ports are enabled.
Syslog
It can generate real time system information on the web page or a particular machine. It is useful
to monitor the device.
QoS Configuration.
This function will make some specified packets with higher priority for pass-through. Especially
you use real-time applications like Internet phone, video conference,. etc.
UPnP
To “Enable” UpnP (Universal Plug & Play), the load balancer will become one of the network
devices. It is useful to discovery and control network devices, such as Internet gateway.
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Package Contents
The following items should be included:
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The Load Balancer Unit
Power Adapter
Quick Installation Guide
CD-ROM containing the on-line manual.
If any of the above items are damaged or missing, please contact your dealer immediately.
Physical Details
Front Panel
Figure 1-2: Load Balancer Front Penal
Operation of the Front Panel LEDs is as follows:
LAN
LINK/ACT ON – Physical connection or data in/out.
OFF – No physical connection.
10M/100M ON – The corresponding LAN port is using 100BaseT.
OFF – 10BaseT connection on the corresponding LAN port or no connection.
WAN
LINK/ACT ON – Physical connection to the Broadband modem on WAN port 1/2 established.
OFF – No physical connection on WAN port 1/2.
10M/100M ON – Physical connection using 100BaseT on WAN port 1/2 established.
OFF – 10BaseT connection or no connection on WAN port 1/2.
System
Power OFF – No power.
ON – Normal Operation
Status OFF – Normal operation.
ON – Firmware not loaded or Hardware error.
Blinking – Data in/out
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Also, some Status and Error conditions are indicated by combinations
of LEDs, as shown below
LED Action
Condition
WAN1 LINK/ACT & 10M/100M LEDs flash alternatively.
WAN1 LINK/ACT & 10M/100M LEDs flash concurrently.
WAN1 LINK/ACT & 10M/100M LEDs solid On
WAN2 LINK/ACT & 10M/100M LEDs solid On
LAN1 LINK/ACT & 10M/100M LEDs solid On
Firmware Download in progress.
MAC address not assigned.
SDRAM error
Timer/Interrupt error
LAN/WAN error
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Rear Panel
Figure 1-2: Rear Panel
DC 5V
Connect the supplied power adapter here.
WAN 2
Connect the 2nd Broadband Modem here, if available.
Reset Button
When pressed and released, The Load Balancer will reboot (restart) within 1
second. It resets to default over 3 seconds.
LAN Ports
Connect the PCs to these ports. Both 10BaseT and 100BaseT connections can
be used simultaneously.
Note:
Any port will automatically operate as an "Uplink" port if required. Just use a
normal LAN cable to connect to a normal port on another hub.
WAN 1
Connect the primary Broadband Modem here.
Default Settings
When The Load Balancer has finished booting, all configuration settings will be set to the factory
defaults, including:
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IP Address set to its default value of 192.168.1.1, with a Network Mask of 255.255.255.0
DHCP Server is enabled
User Name: admin
Password cleared (no password)
TFTP Download
This setting should be used only if your Load Balancer is unusable, and you wish to restore it by
downloading new firmware. Follow this procedure:
1. Power On The Load Balancer.
2. Use the supplied Windows utility or a TFTP client program applies the new firmware. If using the
supplied Windows TFTP program, the screen will look like the following example.
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Figure 1-3: Windows TFTP utility
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Enter the name of the firmware upgrade file on your PC, or click the "Browse" button to locate
the file.
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Enter the LAN IP address of The Load Balancer in the "Server IP" field.
Click "Download" to send the file to The Load Balancer.
3. When downloading is finished. It should then work normally, using the default settings.
Note:
The supplied Windows TFTP utility also allows you to perform three (3) other operations:
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Save the current configuration settings to your PC (use the "Upload" button).
Restore a previously-saved configuration file to The Load Balancer (use the "Download" button).
Set The Load Balancer to its default values (use the "Set to Default" button).
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2: Basic Setup
Overview
Basic Setup of your Load Balancer involves the following steps:
1. Attach The Load Balancer to one (1) PC, and configure it for your LAN.
2. Install your Load Balancer in your LAN, and connect the Broadband Modem or Modems.
3. Configure your Load Balancer for Internet Access.
4. Configure PCs on your LAN to use The Load Balancer.
Requirements
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•
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One (1) or two (2) DSL or Cable modems, each with an Internet Access account with an ISP.
Network cables. Use standard 10/100BaseT network (UTP) cables with RJ45 connectors
TCP/IP network protocol must be installed on all PCs.
Procedure
1: Configuring The Load Balancer for your LAN
1. Use a standard LAN cable to connect your PC to any Hub port on The Load Balancer.
2. Connect the power adapter and power up The Load Balancer. Only use the power adapter
provided; using a different one may cause hardware damage.
3. Start your PC. If your PC is already running, restart it. It will then obtain an IP address from The
Load Balancer.
4. Start your WEB browser.
5. In the Address or Location box enter:
HTTP://192.168.1.1
6. You will be prompted for the User Name and password, as shown below.
Figure 2-1: Password Dialog
7. Enter admin for the "User Name" and leave the "Password" blank.
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The "User Name" is always admin
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•
You can and should set a password, using the following Admin Password screen.
No Response ?
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Is your PC using a Fixed IP address ?
If so, you must configure your PC to use an IP address within the range 192.168.1.2 to
192.168.1.254, with a Network Mask of 255.255.255.0. See Appendix B – Windows
TCP/IP Setup for details.
•
Check that The Load Balancer is properly installed, LAN connection is OK, and it is
powered ON.
8. After the login, you will then see the Admin Password screen, as shown below.
Assign a password by entering it in the "Password" and "Verify Fields.
Figure 2-2: Home Screen (Admin Password)
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9. Select LAN & DHCP from the menu. You will see a screen like the example below.
Figure 2-3: LAN & DHCP
10. Ensure these settings are suitable for your LAN:
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The default settings are suitable for many situations.
See the following table for details of each setting.
11. Save your data, then go to Step 2, Installing The Load Balancer in your LAN.
Settings – LAN & DHCP
LAN IP
Configuration
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IP address - for the Load Balancer, as seen from the local LAN. Use the
default value unless the address is already in use or your LAN is using a
different IP address range. In the latter case, enter an unused IP Address
from within the range used by your LAN.
Subnet Mask - The default value 255.255.255.0 is standard for small
(class "C") networks. For other networks, use the Subnet Mask for the
LAN segment to which the Load Balancer is attached (the same value as
the PCs on that LAN segment).
Optional
Configuration
DHCP Server Setup - If Enabled, the Load Balancer will allocate IP
Addresses to PCs (DHCP clients) on your LAN when they start up. The
default and recommended value is "Enable". (Windows systems, by
default, act as DHCP clients. This setting is called Obtain an IP address
automatically.) If you are already using a DHCP Server, the DHCP
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Server setting must be Disabled, and the existing DHCP server must be
set to provide the IP address of the Load Balancer as the Default
Gateway.
•
LAN Any IP –By default is disabled. If you enable “LAN Any IP”, that
means no matter what static IP address hold on the client (your PC). The
client has do not need to change the IP address, even though it has
different IP segment than LAN segment. It still can access Internet
through NAT.
DHCP
Configuration
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Lease Time – It is a finite period of time for a DHCP server lease an IP
address to a client..
DNS Server IP for Client – An IP address of the default DNS server for
the client requesting DHCP service.
Offered IP Range fields set the values used by the DHCP server when
allocating IP Addresses to DHCP clients. This range also determines the
number of DHCP clients supported.
DHCP Free List
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Free Entry indicates how many DHCP entries are not currently allocated,
and still available.
This table shows the IP addresses which have been allocated by the DHCP
Server function. For each address which has been allocated, the following
information is shown.
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Name – The "hostname" of the PC. In some cases, this may not be
known.
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MAC Address – The physical address (network adapter address) of the
PC.
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IP Address – The IP address allocated to this PC.
Type – Indicates IP address to be dynamic or static.
Status – If Dynamic, the IP address was allocated by this DHCP Server.
If Sniffed, the IP address was detected by examining the LAN, rather than
allocated by the DHCP Server. In this case, the Name is usually not
known.
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Time Left – The time expired since which IP address is leased.
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2. Installing The Load Balancer in your LAN
Figure 2-4: Installation Diagram
1. Ensure The Load Balancer and the DSL/Cable modem are powered OFF.
Leave the modem or modems connected to their data line.
2. Connect the Broadband modem or modems to The Load Balancer.
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If using only one (1) Broadband modem, connect it to the "WAN 1" port.
Use the cable supplied with your DSL/Cable modem. If no cable was supplied, use a
standard cable.
3. Use standard LAN cables to connect PCs to the Switching Hub ports on The Load Balancer.
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Both 10BaseT and 100BaseT connections can be used simultaneously.
If you need to connect The Load Balancer to another Hub, just use a standard LAN cable to
connect any port on The Load Balancer to a standard port on another hub. Any LAN port on
The Load Balancer will automatically act as an "Uplink" port when required.
4. Power Up
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Power on the Cable or DSL modem or modems.
Connect the supplied power adapter to The Load Balancer and power up.
5. Check the LEDs
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The Power LED should be ON.
The WAN – Link LED should be ON, if the corresponding WAN port is connected to a
broadband modem.
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The Error LED will flash during start up, but will then turn Off. If it stays On, there is an error
condition.
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•
For each PC connected to the LAN ports, the corresponding LAN LED (either 10 or 100)
should be ON.
3. Configuring The Load Balancer for Internet Access
Select Primary Setup from the menu, to see a screen like the example below.
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Configure WAN 1 and/or WAN 2 as required.
For any of the following situations, refer to Chapter 3: Advanced Port Setup for any further
configuration, which may be required.
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Using both ports
Multiple IP addresses on either port
Multiple PPPoE sessions
PPTP connection method
Figure 2-5: Primary Setup
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Settings – Primary Setup
Connection
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Interface – Select which WAN (WAN1 or WAN2) to be setup.
Connection Mode
Select the appropriate setting:
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Enable – Select this if you have connected a broadband modem to this
port.
Disable – Select this if there is no broadband modem connected to this
port.
Backup – Use this if you have a broadband modem on each port, and
wish to normally use only one. Select Enable for the primary port, and
Backup for the secondary port. The Backup port will only be used if the
primary port fails.
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Connection Type
Check the data supplied by your ISP, and select the appropriate option.
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Static IP – Select this if your ISP has provided a Fixed or Static IP
address. Then enter the data into the Address Info fields.
Dynamic IP – Select this if your ISP provides an IP address
automatically, when you connect. You can ignore the Address Info
fields.
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PPPoE – Select this if your ISP uses this method. (Usually, your ISP
will provide some PPPoE software. This software is no longer required,
and should not be used.)
If this method is selected, you must complete the PPPoE dialup fields.
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PPTP Connection – This is for PPTP users only.
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1. Enter the Username and Password provided by your ISP.
2. If using PPTP, enable the PPTP Connection checkbox, and
enter the IP address of the PPTP server.
Note:
If using the PPTP connection method, select Static IP or Dynamic IP, as
appropriate, according to the IP address method used by your ISP.
Address
Information
This is for Static IP users only. Enter the address information provided by your
ISP. If your ISP provided multiple IP address, you can use the Multi-DMZ
screen to assign the additional IP addresses.
DNS (Optional
for dynamic IP)
If using a Fixed IP address, you MUST enter at least 1 DNS address.
If using Dynamic IP or PPPoE, DNS information is optional.
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Optional
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Host name – This is required by some ISPs. If your ISP provided a Host
Name, enter it here. Otherwise, you can use the default value.
Domain name – This is required by some ISPs. If your ISP provided a
Domain Name, enter it here. Otherwise, you can use the default value.
MAC address – Some ISP's record your MAC address (also called
"Physical address" or "Network Adapter address"). If so, you can enter the
MAC address expected by your ISP in this field. Otherwise, this should be
left at the default value.
Setup of The Load Balancer is now complete. PCs on your LAN must now be configured. See the
following section for details.
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4: Configure PCs on your LAN
Overview
For each PC, the following may need to be configured:
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TCP/IP network settings
Internet Access configuration
TCP/IP Settings
If using the default Load Balancer settings, and the default Windows 95/98/ME/2000/XP TCP/IP
settings, no changes need to be made. Just start (or restart) your PC.
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By default, The Load Balancer will act as a DHCP Server, automatically providing a suitable IP
Address (and related information) to each PC when the PC boots.
For all non-Server versions of Windows, the default TCP/IP setting is to act as a DHCP client. In
Windows, this is called Obtain an IP address automatically.
Just start (or restart) your PC, and it will obtain an IP address from The Load Balancer.
•
If using fixed IP addresses on your LAN, or you wish to check your TCP/IP settings, refer to
Appendix B – Windows TCP/IP Setup.
Internet Access
To configure your PCs to use The Load Balancer for Internet access, follow this procedure:
For Windows 9x/2000
1. Select Start Menu - Settings - Control Panel - Internet Options.
2. Select the Connection tab, and click the Setup button.
3. Select "I want to set up my Internet connection manually, or I want to connect through a local
area network (LAN)" and click Next.
4. Select "I connect through a local area network (LAN)" and click “Next”.
5. Ensure all of the boxes on the following Local area network Internet Configuration screen are
unchecked.
6. Check the "No" option when prompted "Do you want to set up an Internet mail account now?".
7. Click Finish to close the Internet Connection Wizard.
Setup is now completed.
For Windows XP
1. Select Start Menu - Control Panel - Network and Internet Connections.
2. Select Set up or change your Internet Connection.
3. Select the Connection tab, and click the Setup button.
4. Cancel the pop-up "Location Information" screen.
5. Click Next on the "New Connection Wizard" screen.
6. Select "Connect to the Internet" and click “Next”.
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7. Select "Set up my connection manually" and click “Next”.
8. Check "Connect using a broadband connection that is always on" and click Next.
9. Click Finish to close the New Connection Wizard.
Setup is now completed.
Accessing AOL
To access AOL (America On Line) through The Load Balancer, the AOL for Windows software must
be configured to use TCP/IP network access, rather than a dial-up connection. The configuration
process is as follows:
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Start the AOL for Windows communication software. Ensure that it is Version 2.5, 3.0 or later.
This procedure will not work with earlier versions.
•
•
•
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Click the Setup button.
Select Create Location, and change the location name from "New Locality" to "Load Balancer".
Click Edit Location. Select TCP/IP for the Network field. (Leave the Phone Number blank.)
Click Save, then OK.
Configuration is now complete.
•
Before clicking "Sign On", always ensure that you are using the "Load Balancer" location.
Macintosh Clients
From your Macintosh, you can access the Internet via The Load Balancer. The procedure is as
follows.
1. Open the TCP/IP Control Panel.
2. Select Ethernet from the Connect via pop-up menu.
3. Select Using DHCP Server from the Configure pop-up menu. The DHCP Client ID field can be left
blank.
4. Close the TCP/IP panel, saving your settings.
Note:
If using manually assigned IP addresses instead of DHCP, the required changes are:
•
•
Set the Router Address field to The Load Balancer’s IP Address.
Ensure your DNS settings are correct.
Linux Clients
To access the Internet via The Load Balancer, it is only necessary to set The Load Balancer as the
"Gateway", and ensure your Name Server settings are correct.
Ensure you are logged in as "root" before attempting any changes.
Fixed IP Address
By default, most Unix installations use a fixed IP Address. If you wish to continue using a fixed IP
Address, make the following changes to your configuration.
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•
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Set your Default Gateway to the IP Address of The Load Balancer.
Ensure your DNS (Name server) settings are correct.
To act as a DHCP Client (recommended)
The procedure below may vary according to your version of Linux and X -windows shell.
1. Start your X Windows client.
2. Select Control Panel - Network
3. Select the "Interface" entry for your Network card. Normally, this will be called "eth0".
4. Click the Edit button, set the "protocol" to "DHCP", and save this data.
5. To apply your changes
Use the "Deactivate" and "Activate" buttons, if available.
OR, restart your system.
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3: Advanced Port Setup
Overview
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Port Options contains some options, which can be set on either or both WAN ports. For most
situations, the default values are satisfactory.
Load Balance screen is only functional if you are using both WAN ports. It allows you to
determine the proportion of WAN traffic sent through each port.
Advanced PPPoE setup is required if you wish to use multiple sessions on one or both of the
WAN ports. It can also be used to manually connect or disconnect a PPPoE session. Otherwise,
this screen can be ignored.
•
Advanced PPTP setup is required if using the PPTP connection method.
Port Options
Figure 3-1: Port Options
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Settings – Port Options
Interface
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WAN Ports – To select the WAN port for option settings
MTU –The largest amount of data that can be transferred across a
given physical network. Ethernet limits transfers to 1500 octets of
data. Normally, you should leave this value at its default value.
Change it only if the ISP is providing a MTU that is not optimal
Connection Health
Check
•
Method – ICMP: The health check is performed by sending an
ICMP echo request packet to the specific destination.
The specific destination ("Alive Indicator") could be either:
1. If the input box is filled (NAME or IP address): the host is
used.
2. If the input box is left blank: gateway of WAN interface will
be used. Then if one ICMP echo reply packet from Alive
Indicator or gateway is received, the connection is
considered OK. If there is no response received after 4
tries, the connection is considered as failed.
HTTP: The device gets TCP connection with the Alive Indicator
first. Then the device sends HTTP HEAD packet to the Alive
Indicator. If any HTTP DATA from the Alive Indicator is
received, the connection is considered OK. If there are no
response received after 5 tries, the connection is considered
as failed.
Traffic: If there is no traffic on the WAN port in the Interval
time, the connection is considered as failed
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Interval – The period to check if the WAN port is alive or not.
Alive Indicator – This is used for the ICMP or HTTP Method to
determine if your Internet connection is active or not. (You can enter
either the IP address or host name
Transparent Bridge
Option
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Bridge Mode – If Set to Enable, traffic from Lan hosts with real IPs
can go through the specific WAN port without NAT translation. This
device works like a bridge switch for that specific WAN port.
NetBIOS Broadcast – If enabled, NetBIOS Broadcast packets are
allowed to pass through the device
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Transparent Bridge
Option (for all
interface)
•
Traffic Management – Strict binding: Traffic from bridge hosts
(eg. transparent to WAN1) can only go through that a specified
WAN (eg. WAN1) interface. Loose binding: Traffic from bridge
hosts (eg. transparent to WAN1) can go through an alternative
WAN (eg. WAN2) interface when binded interface (eg. WAN1) is
down. It acts like a failover mechanism for Transparent Bridge
mode. Load Balancing: Traffic from bridge hosts (eg. transparent
to WAN1) can go through either WAN (eg. WAN1 or WAN2)
interface based on the loading mechanism specified in the Load
Balance section. It acts like a load balancing mechanism for
Transparent Bridge mode. No IP Translation: When Bridge mode
is set to Loose binding or Load Balancing, traffic from bridge hosts
(eg. transparent to WAN1) can go through an alternative WAN (eg.
WAN2) interface with its original IP (if checked) or with an
alternative WAN IP (if unchecked). That is, NAT is performed.
•
ARP Table – ARP Table is used by the device to determine the
bridge hosts location (eg. inside/outside WAN and which WAN). Its
size can be adjusted if needed.
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Load Balance
This screen is only operational if using Internet connections on both WAN ports.
Figure 3-2: Load Balance
These settings are only functional if using both WAN ports. If using both WAN ports, these settings
determine the proportion of traffic sent over each port.
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Settings – Load Balance
Load Balance
Configuration
•
•
Enable – This will allow you enable or disable the load-balancing feature.
Load Balancing Base On – Select the desired option to measure the traffic
load.
1. Bytes Tx + Rx: The link with the least number of bytes transmitted
through the WAN port.
2. Packets Tx + Rx: The link with the least number of packets
transmitted through the WAN port.
3. Sessions Established: The link with the least number of sessions
built on the WAN port.
4. IP Addresses: The link with the least number of Host IP addresses
built on the WAN port.
•
Loading Share –Enter the desired percent of traffic load for each WAN port
NAT
Statistics
This section displays the current data about WAN 1 and WAN 2. You can use this
information to help you "fine-tune" the settings above.
Interface
Statistics
This section displays cumulative statistics.
Use the "Restart Counters" button to restart these counters when required.
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Advanced PPPoE
The screen is required in order to use multiple PPPoE sessions on the same WAN port.
It can also be used to manually connect or disconnect a PPPoE session.
Figure 3-3: Advanced PPPoE
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Settings – Advanced PPPoE
Select WAN Port
& Session
•
Select WAN Port & PPPoE Session – Select the desired WAN port and
PPPoE session from the pull-down menu and click the Select button. The
screen will then show the data for the selected Port/Session. Input the
required data and click Update to save your changes
•
PPPoE Session MTU –The Maximum Transmission Unit for the PPPoE
session. The default value is 1492 bytes.
WAN IP Account
Options
•
•
•
User Name – Enter the PPPoE user name assigned by your ISP.
Password – Enter the PPPoE password assigned by your ISP.
Verify Password – Re-enter the PPPoE password assigned by your ISP.
•
•
Specified Fix IP Address – If you have a fixed IP address, enter if here.
Otherwise, this field should be left at 0.0.0.0.
Assigned Host Name – This field is used by a Host to uniquely associate
an access concentrator to a particular Host request.
PPPoE Auto
Dialup
•
•
Auto Dialup Connect-on-demand – To enable or disable auto dialup for
a PPPoE connection. If you decide not to use auto dialup or auto
disconnect, then you have to connect/disconnect manually.
Disconnect After Idle – To decide the timeout for disconnecting when
there is no traffic on the connection. Enter -1 to keep the connection
always alive. Enter 0 to enable 'dial on demand by trigger'.
•
•
Echo Time –To determine how often an Echo request is sent to the
PPPoE server. Normally, leave this setting at its default value.
Echo Retry –To determine the maximum number times that the Echo
request is allowed to be sent to the PPPoE server until a response is
received. Normally, leave this setting at its default value.
Connection
Status
This displays the current connection status for each session.
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Advanced PPTP
This screen is only useful if using the PPTP connection method.
Figure 3-4: Advanced PPTP
Settings – Advanced PPTP
WAN Port
Used if you choose PPTP on Static/Dynamic IP as your connection setup
from primary setup. You may use PPTP manual dialup in this page or use
Port Options for auto dialup on demand or always connected
•
PPTP MTU –The default value is 1460 (bytes), the same as the maximum
PPTP MTU for this device
WAN IP Account
•
•
User Name – The PPTP user name (login name) assigned by your ISP.
Password – The PPTP password associated with the User Name above.
This is assigned by your ISP, and used to login to the PPTP Server.
•
•
Verify Password – Re-enter the PPTP password assigned by your ISP.
Server IP Address – Enter the IP address of the PPTP Server, as
provided by your ISP.
•
Static IP Address – If you have a fixed IP address, enter if here.
Otherwise, this field should be left at 0.0.0.0.
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PPTP Auto Dialup
•
•
Auto Dialup –To enable or disable auto dialup for a PPTP connection. If
you decide not to use auto dialup or auto disconnect, then you have to
connect/disconnect manually.
Disconnect After Idle –To decide the timeout for disconnecting when
there is no traffic on the connection. Enter -1 to keep the connection
always alive. Enter 0 to enable 'dial on demand by trigger'.
•
•
Echo Time –To determine how often an Echo request is sent to the
PPTP server. Normally, leave this setting at its default value.
Echo Retry –To determine the maximum number times that the Echo
request is allowed to be sent to the PPTP server until a response is
received. Normally, leave this setting at its default value.
Connection
Status
This displays the current connection status for PPTP
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4: Advanced Configuration
Overview
The following advanced features are provided.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Host IP Setup
Routing
Virtual Servers
Special Applications
Dynamic DNS
Multi DMZ
UpnP
NAT Setup
ARP Statp
Advanced Features
This chapter contains details of the configuration and use of each of these features.
Host IP Setup
This feature is used in the following situations:
•
•
You have Multi-Session PPPoE, and wish to bind each session to a particular PC on your LAN.
You wish to use the Access Filter feature. This requires that each PC be identified by using the
Host IP Setup screen.
•
•
You wish to have different URL Filter settings for different PCs. This requires that each PC be
identified by using the Host IP Setup screen. (You do not have to use the Host IP feature to
apply the same URL Filter settings to all PCs.)
You wish to reserve a particular (LAN) IP address for a particular PC on your LAN. This allows
the PC to use DHCP (Windows calls this "Obtain an IP address automatically") while gaining the
benefits of a fixed IP address. The PC's IP address will never change, so it can be provided to
other people and applications.
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Figure 4-1: Host IP Setup
Settings – Host IP Setup
Host Network This section identifies each Host (PC)
Identity
•
Host name – Enter a suitable name. Generally, you should use the
"Hostname" (computer name) defined on the Host itself.
•
MAC Address – Also called Physical Address or Network Adapter Address.
Enter the MAC address of this host.
•
•
Select Group – Select the group you wish to put this host into.
Reserve in DHCP – Select Enable to reserve a particular (LAN) IP address
for a particular PC on your LAN. This allows the PC to use DHCP (Windows
calls this "obtain an IP address automatically") while having an IP address
which never changes.
•
Reserved IP – Enter the IP address you wish to reserve, if the setting above
is Enable. Otherwise, ignore this field.
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Host Network
Binding
•
•
Bind WAN port/Session – Select Enable if you wish to associate this PC
with a particular PPPoE Session. All traffic for that PC will then use the
selected PPPoE port and session.
Binding Method – Suppose your PC is bound to WAN1 port, now you are
selecting “Strict Binding”. If WAN1 port is disconnected, your packets cannot
go out through WAN2 port, if WAN2 port is still alive. If you are selecting
“Loose Binding” then when WAN1 port is disconnected, your packets will
automatically go to WAN2, if WAN2 is alive.
•
Select WAN Port/Select PPPoE session – If the setting above is Enable,
select the desired Port and Session. Otherwise, ignore these settings.
Note: Multiple PPPoE sessions are defined on the Advanced PPPoE screen.
Host & Group This table shows the current bindings.
List
Routing
This section is only relevant if your LAN has other Routers or Gateways.
•
•
If you don't have other Routers or Gateways on your LAN, you can ignore the Static Routing
page completely.
If your LAN has other Gateways and Routers, you must configure the Static Routing screen as
described below. You also need to configure the other Routers.
Figure 4-2: Routing
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Note:
If there is an entry or entries in the Routing table with an Index of zero (0), these are System entries.
You cannot modify or delete these entries.
Settings – Routing
Dynamic
Routing
•
RIP v2 – RIP is a dynamic routing protocol which is used to direct traffic over
the network. Disable it if you don't need to use it.
•
LAN, WAN1, WAN2 – If enabled, any WAN or LAN can execute RIP function.
Static
Routing
If there is more than one router on a network, this Routing table must be
configured because the router needs to know what packet goes to which router. A
routing table entry is required for each LAN segment on the network
•
•
•
•
•
Network Address – Network Address is the address of the destination
network segment.
Netmask –The subnet mask used to select the bits from an IP Address that
corresponds to the subnet.
Gateway –The IP router that the packets destined for the subnet with
Network Address will be forwarded to.
Interface – The device's port that the packets destined for the subnet with
Network Address will be passed through.
Metric – The number of routers that must be traversed to reach the
destination network segment
Routing List
List of static route that you configured previously.
Configuring Other Routers on your LAN
All traffic for devices not on the local LAN must be forwarded to The Load Balancer, so that they can
be forwarded to the Internet. This is done by configuring other Routers to use The Load Balancer as
the Default Route or Default Gateway, as illustrated by the example below.
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Static Routing - Example
Segment 1
(192.168.2.xx)
(192.168.2.80)
(192.168.1.100)
Segment 0
(192.168.1.xx)
Router A
(192.168.1.1)
Router B
(192.168.3.70)
(192.168.2.90)
Segment 2
(192.168.3.xx)
Figure 4-3: Routing Example
For The Load Balancer Gateway's Routing Table
For the LAN shown above, with 2 routers and 3 LAN segments, The Load Balancer requires 2 entries
as follows.
Entry 1 (Segment 1)
Destination IP
Address
192.168.2.0
Network Mask
Gateway IP Address
Interface
255.255.255.0
192.168.1.100
LAN
2
Metric
Entry 2 (Segment 2)
Destination IP
Address
192.168.3.0
Network Mask
Gateway IP Address
Interface
255.255.255.0 (Standard Class C)
192.168.1.100
LAN
3
Metric
For Router A's Default Route
Destination IP
Address
0.0.0.0
Network Mask
Gateway IP Address
Metric
0.0.0.0
192.168.1.1
2
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For Router B's Default Route
Destination IP
Address
0.0.0.0
Network Mask
Gateway IP Address
Interface
0.0.0.0
192.168.2.80
LAN
3
Metric
Virtual Servers
This feature allows you to make Servers on your LAN accessible to Internet users. Normally, Internet
users would not be able to access a server on your LAN because:
•
•
Your Server's IP address is only valid on your LAN, not on the Internet.
Attempts to connect to devices on your LAN are blocked by the firewall in The Load Balancer.
The "Virtual Server" feature solves these problems and allows Internet users to connect to your
servers, as illustrated below.
Figure 4-4: Virtual Servers
Note that, in this illustration, both Internet users are connecting to the same IP Address, but using
different protocols.
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Connecting to the Virtual Servers
Once configured, anyone on the Internet can connect to your Virtual Servers. They must use The
Load Balancer's Internet IP Address (the IP Address allocated by your ISP).
e.g.
•
•
To Internet users, all virtual Servers on your LAN have the same IP Address. This IP Address is
allocated by your ISP.
This address should be static, rather than dynamic, to make it easier for Internet users to connect
to your Servers. However, you can use the Dynamic DNS feature (explained later in this chapter)
to allow users to connect to your Virtual Servers using a URL, instead of an IP Address.
e.g.
HTTP://my_domain_name.dyndns.org
FTP://my_domain_name.dyndns.org
Figure 4-5: Virtual Server
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Settings – Virtual Server
Virtual Server
Configuration
•
•
•
Enable – To activate or deactivate the current entry.
Server Name – A unique name for identifying the virtual server.
Protocol – Select the protocol (either TCP or UDP) used by the server
software.
•
•
IP Address – LAN: Enter the IP address of the server on the device's LAN
side. The hosts used as Virtual Servers need static IP addresses or reserved
IP addresses. WAN: The WAN port that the virtual server is bound on.
Port Range – LAN: The range of port numbers used by the server. If only
one port number is used, fill the same number in both starting and ending
fields. WAN: The range of port numbers for users in public to access the
virtual server. If only one port number is used, fill the same number in both
starting and ending fields.
•
Allowed Remote IP –The range of IP addresses that are allowed to access
the virtual server.
Virtual Server
List
The Virtual Server List shows details of all Virtual Servers which have been
defined.
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Special Applications
If you use Internet applications, which have non-standard connections or port numbers, you may find
that they do not function correctly because they are blocked by the firewall in The Load Balancer. In
this case, you can define the application as a "Special Application" in order to make it work.
Note that the terms "Incoming" and "Outgoing" on this screen refer to traffic from the client (PC)
viewpoint
Figure 4-6: Special Applications
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Settings – Special Applications
Special Application
Configuration
•
•
•
•
Enable – Use this to Enable or Disable this Special Application as
required.
Name – Enter a descriptive name to identify this Special
Application.
Outgoing Protocol –Select the protocol used by this application,
when sending data to the remote server or PC.
Outgoing Port Range – Enter the beginning and end of the range
of port numbers used by the application server, for data you send. If
the application uses a single port number, enter it in both fields
•
•
Incoming Protocol – Select the protocol used by this application,
when receiving data from the remote server or PC.
Incoming Port Range – Enter the beginning and end of the range
of port numbers used by the application server, for data you
receive. If the application uses a single port number, enter it in both
fields.
Special Application
List
This shows details of all Special Applications which are currently
defined.
Using a Special Application on your PC
•
•
•
Once the Special Applications screen is configured correctly, you can use the application on your
PC normally. Remember that only one (1) PC can use each Special application at any time.
Also, when 1 PC is finished using a particular Special Application, there may need to be a "Time-
out" period before another PC can use the same Special Application.
If an application still cannot function correctly, try using the "DMZ" feature, if possible.
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Dynamic DNS
Dynamic DNS is very useful when combined with the Virtual Server feature. It allows Internet users to
connect to your Virtual Servers using a URL, rather than an IP Address.
This also solves the problem of having a dynamic IP address. With a dynamic IP address, your IP
address may change whenever you connect to your ISP, which makes it difficult to connect to you.
You must register for the Dynamic DNS service. The Load Balancer supports 2 types of service
providers:
•
Other sites may offer the same service, but can not be guaranteed to work.
•
•
TZO at http://www.tzo.com
To use the Dynamic DNS feature
1. Register for the service from your preferred service provider.
2. Follow the service provider's procedure to have a Domain Name (Host name) allocated to you.
3. Configure the Dynamic DNS screen, as described below.
4. The Load Balancer will then automatically update your IP Address recorded by the Dynamic DNS
service provider.
5. From the Internet, users will now be able to connect to your Virtual Servers (or DMZ PC) using
your Domain name.
Figure 4-7: Dynamic DNS
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Settings – Dynamic DNS
Dynamic DNS Use this to Enable/Disable the Dynamic DNS feature, and select the required
Service
service provider.
•
•
Disable – Dynamic DNS is not used.
the TZO section of this screen.
•
Standard Client – Select this to use the standard service (from
www.dyndns.org or other provider). You must configure the Standard Client
section of this screen.
•
•
3322(in China) – This is available in China. It is similar to “Standard client”
User Defined DDNS Server – This is the user define DDNS server. If the
DDNS other than TZO, dyndns.org and 3322.
Additional
Settings
These options are available if using the standard client.
•
•
•
Enable Wildcard – If selected, traffic sent to sub-domains (of your Domain
name) will also be forwarded to you.
Enable backup MX – If enabled, you must enter the Mail Exchanger address
below.
Mail Exchanger – If the setting above is enabled, enter the address of the
backup Mail Exchanger.
WAN Port
Binding
Select the WAN port on which the Dynamic DNS is used. The "Force Update"
button will update your record on the Dynamic DNS Server immediately
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Multi DMZ
This feature allows each WAN port IP address to be associated with one (1) computer on your LAN.
All outgoing traffic from that PC will be associated with that WAN port IP address. Any traffic sent to
that IP address will be forwarded to the specified PC, allowing unrestricted 2-way communication
between the "DMZ PC" and other Internet users or Servers.
Note:
The "DMZ PC" is effectively outside the Firewall, making it more vulnerable to attacks. For this
reason, you should only enable the DMZ feature when required
Figure 4-8: Multi DMZ
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Settings – Multi DMZ
Multi DMZ Edit
•
•
•
•
Enable – To activate or deactivate the current DMZ entry.
WAN – The WAN (WAN1, WAN2) port applied to the current DMZ entry.
Name – To identify the current DMZ entry.
Public IP –The public IP (or PPPoE session) that the current DMZ entry
is bound on.
•
•
Private IP (LAN) –The IP address of the server in the DMZ
Access Group –To specify which Access Group will be applied. Each
Access Group has its own access rules.
•
•
Default : Applies the access rules for the Default Group.
Group1 ~ Group4 : Applies the access rules for Group1~Group4,
respectively
•
Direction –To specify in which direction the Access Group will be
applied: Outgoing, Incoming, Both.
Multi DMZ List
The List shows details of all DMZ that are currently defined.
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UPnP
With UPNP (Universal Plug & Play) function, it can easily setup and configure an entire network,
enable discovery and control of networked devices and services.
Figure 4-9: UPnP
Settings – UPnP
UPnP Option
•
•
UpnP (Univeral Plug & Play) can be enabled or disabled for automatic
device configuration. If disabled (Default), the router will not allow any
device to automatically control the resources.
Advertisement Interval –The Advertisement Interval is how often the
router will broadcast its UPnP information. This value can range from 2 to
1440 minutes. The default interval is for 30 minutes. Shorter time interval
will ensure that control points have current device status at the expense
of additional network traffic. Longer time interval may compromise the
freshness of the device status but can significantly reduce network traffic.
•
Outgoing Interface – Select though which WAN or LAN port you want to
send out traffic from UPNP. If the WAN port you select loses its
connection, the router attempts to use the other WAN port. If the other
WAN port also does no work, the router drop outgoing packets from
UPNP.
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You can set the dynamic port mappings to Internet gateway via UPnP on
Windows XP. This will allow you make a connection between applications
and the defined device
UpnP Port
Mapping List
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NAT
NAT (Network Address Translation) is the technology which allows one (1) WAN (Internet) IP
address to be used by many LAN users.
Figure 4-10: NAT
Settings – NAT
NAT
Configuration
•
NAT Routing –Enables or disables NAT routing by checking or un-checking
the checkbox. If you disable NAT routing, this device will act as a Bridge or
Static Router. Most features, including Load Balance, will be unavailable. If
some packets have port numbers which cannot be translated for special
applications, you must input value in port range for Disable Port Translation.
•
•
•
•
TCP Timeout –The time during which TCP expects to receive the
acknowledgement from the destination. The default is 300 seconds.
UDP Timeout –The time during which UDP expects to receive the
acknowledgement from the destination. The default is 120 seconds.
TCP Window Limit –The maximum number of outstanding packets prior to
TCP receiving an acknowledgement. The default is 0 (no limit).
TCP MSS Limit –The largest amount of data that can be transmitted in one
TCP packet. The default is 0 (no change).
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NAT Port
Option
•
Non-Port-Translation –To keep the source port number unchanged for
TCP/UDP sessions on the specified Port Range. Some special applications
do not allow the source port number to be translated.
•
•
Port Range – The Source Port Number Range for TCP and UDP protocol.
Specific TCP / UDP Timeout –To define specific Timeout for TCP/UDP
sessions on the specified Port Range.
For each alias entry the WAN IP acts as an alias of the host with Local
LAN IP accessing the Internet via the specified WAN port for the specified
protocol packets, i.e. 1-1 NAT.
NAT Alias
•
•
Enable – To activate or deactivate current entry.
Local LAN IP –The IP address of the host in LAN that wants to use the
specific WAN IP as its source IP.
•
WAN IP – The IP address used as the source IP of the packets sent out from
the specified host.
•
•
Protocol –The protocol that the current rule is applied to.
WAN – The WAN port that the current rule is applied to.
NAT Alias
List
•
The List shows NAT Alias that is currently defined.
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ARP Status
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) – This is web page is regarding LAN & WAN ARP statistics and
information,
Figure 4-11: ARP Table
Arp Statistics
•
•
•
•
Requests ( In / Out ) – The numbers of system ARP sent to requests.
Reply ( In / Out ) –The numbers of system ARP reply to.
System Time – System starting time.
Global Arp Ageout Time – Arp time out. By default is 600 seconds. If
set to “0” means no expire.
Arp Table
•
•
List all LAN, WAN address resolution and its related info.
Arp Entry Add /
Update
According to IP and MAC address, add or update a record to a ARP
table
Arp Query
Check
•
Input LAN or WAN IP address to query ARP.
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Advanced Features
•
•
•
External Filters Configuration –To limit the packets passing through the device from WAN side
to LAN side
DNS Loopback – If there is any domain in your private network you can setup the Domain Name
& Private IP mapping table for DNS query.
Protocol & Port Binding – It is similar to SMTP binding but you must setup additional data such
as Protocol & Port Range. If all the checking items are met, the packet will be bound on the
specified WAN port.
Figure 4-12: Advanced Features
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Settings – Advanced Features
External
Filters
•
Block Selected ICMP Types –This acts as "master" switch. If checked, the
selected packet types are blocked. Otherwise, they are accepted.
Configuration
DNS
Loopback
When you have some servers on LAN and their domain names have already
registered on public DNS. To avoid DNS loopback problem, please enter the
following fields.
•
Domain Name – Enter the domain name specified by you for local
host/server.
•
•
Private IP – Enter the private IP address of your local host/server.
Application
IDENT Port – Port 113 is associated with the Internet's (Identification /
Authentication) service. This port (port 113) provides a means of determining
the identity of a user on a particular TCP connection. By default the device is
stealth for this port. Enable to make this port closed, not stealth.
•
•
•
SMTP Binding –To determine if the SMTP packets are bound on the WAN
port.
IPSec Passthrough – To determine if the VPN client can make a tunnel
established with remote side VPN host.
PPTP Passthrough – To determine if PPTP client can connect to remote side
PPTP server via the device.
Protocol &
Port Binding
•
•
Enable – To activate or deactivate the current rule.
Source IP –The IP address that the packet's source IP will be checked
against.
•
Destination IP / IP Address –The specific IP range that the packet's
destination IP will be checked against.
There are two forms of Destination IP: If Subnet is selected, the IP Address
and Subnet Mask fields need to be filled. If IP Range is selected, the From and
To fields need to be filled.
•
•
Protocol –The protocol that the packet's protocol will be checked against.
Port Range –The specific port number range that the packet's destination
port number will be checked against.
•
WAN –The specific WAN port that the packet will be bound on if all the
checked items are met.
Protocol &
Port Binding
List
The List shows NAT Alias that is currently defined.
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5: Security Management
Overview
•
•
URL Filter It can block specific website by configure IP address, URL or Key words
Access filter You can block all Internet access or select block well-known port or block user
define ports by groups.
•
•
Session Limit It can eliminate users access Internet, and send email alert to the administrator. If
the device detect new sessions that is exceed the maximum sampling time.
Firewall Exception It can eliminate users access Internet, and send email alert to the
administrator. If the device detect new sessions that is exceed the maximum sampling time.
URL Filter
This feature allows you to block or allow access to specific Web sites. You can block / allow Internet
access by URL, IP address, or Keyword. You can also have different blocking/access settings for
different groups of PCs.
•
In operation, every URL is searched to see if it matches or contains any of the URL or keywords
entered here. Then, after a DNS lookup determines the IP address of the requested site, the
site's IP address is checked against IP address entries on this screen.
•
Note that a single IP address may host many Web sites. Entering the IP address on this screen
will block all Web sites hosted on that IP address.
Figure 5-1: URL Filter
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Settings – URL Filter
Access Group
•
•
Select Group – A group that current rule is applied for
URL Filter Type –The Filter type (Block/Allow) that current group is set to
use. Block Internet Access: All the web page accesses will be blocked if
the target is found in the packets. Allow Internet Access: All the web page
accesses will be permitted if the target is found in the packets.
Access Item
This text field is to enable/disable the URL Filter function, and input URL
keyword phrase.
Internet Access List of current input items.
List
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Access Filter
The network Administrator can use the Access Filter to gain fine control over the Internet access and
applications available to LAN users.
•
•
Five (5) user groups are available, and each group can have different access rights.
All PCs (users) are in the Default group, unless assigned to another group on the Host IP screen.
Figure 5-2: Access Filter
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Settings – Access Filter
The Group that the current rule is applied for. To apply
restrictions to everyone, select the Default group. All users
(Hosts) are in the default group unless moved to another group
on the Host IP screen
Access Group
Filter Setting
•
•
•
No Filtering –To allow all Internet access by LAN users.
Block All Access –To prohibit all Internet access by LAN users.
Allow Selected Items – To apply the rules for permitting Internet
access defined in User-Defined Filter.
•
Block Selected Items – To apply the rules for blocking Internet
access defined in User-Defined Filter.
To limit the ICMP activities initialized from the LAN.
ICMP Filter
•
Selected Packet Types –To prohibit the selected types of ICMP
packets from the LAN to be passed through the device.
•
Packet Types –The types of ICMP packets that could be blocked
This lets you define custom ports to be blocked.
User-defined Filter
•
•
•
•
Enable – To activate or deactivate the current rule.
Name – A unique name to identify the current rule.
Protocol Type – The protocol to be blocked.
Port No. Range – The port number range to be blocked. (For TCP
and UDP only) If only one port number is used, enter the same port
number in both fields.
User- Defined Filter
List
List all enabled and disabled filter and have been defined.
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Session Limit
This new feature allows to drop the new sessions from both WAN and LAN side. If the new
sessions number are exceed the maximum sessions in a sampling time.
Figure 5-3: Session Limit
Session Limit
Outgoing New Session
•
•
Session Limit – Check this to enable limiting sessions.
Sampling Time – The period to count the new sessions. Only
those new sessions which occurred in the most recently Sampling
Time are counted for limit checking. (default: 400 mili-sec.,
maximum: 500 mili-sec., step: 50 mili-sec.)
•
•
•
•
Maximum of Total New session – If the number of new sessions
for the system exceeds the Maximum in the Sampling Time, any
new session in the system will be dropped. (Default: 65535
sess./sec., maximum: 65535 sess./sec.)
Maximum of New Sessions for Host – If the number of new
sessions for the host exceeds the Maximum in the Sampling Time,
any new session of the host will be dropped. (Default: 100
sess./sec., maximum: 999 sess./sec.)
Maximum of Dropped New Sessions for Host –If the number of
dropped new sessions for the host exceeds the Maximum in the
Sampling Time, any new session of the host will be dropped for the
Pause Time. (default: 25 sess./sec., maximum: 999 sess./sec.)
Pause Time for Host while exceeding limits on dropped new
sessions – Within the Pause Time, no new session of the
suspended host will be served by the system. (Default: 5 min.,
maximum: 65535 min.)
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SysFilter Exception
System Filter Exception Rules: Any unrecognized packet to the device itself will be rejected. If you
want the device to accept the specific packets, you should build the corresponding exception rules
here.
Figure 5-4: SysFilter Exception
Firewall Exception
System Filter
Exception Rules
•
•
•
•
Enable –To activate or deactivate this rule.
Interface – The port that the packets enter the device on.
Protocol – The protocol of the packets to be accepted.
Foreign Port Range –The source port range of the packets to be
accepted.
•
Device Port Range – The destination port range of the packets to
be accepted.
System Filter
List all system rules that have been defined.
Exception Rule List
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6: QoS Configuration
Overview
The Load Balancer provides QoS, which supports the high quality of network service.
Because it will classify outgoing packets based on some policies defined by users, make some
real-time applications to get better response or performance.
QoS Setup
The following web page management are guiding you how to setup QoS and make QoS work.
Figure 6-1:QoS Setup
Data – QoS Setup.
QoS Feature
•
Enable QoS – Users can choose to Enable QoS (Quality of Service). If set to
"enable" QoS, the QoS will allow higher priority packets to pass through the
device
•
Queuing Method –The methods for managing your queue. "Priority Queuing"
is one of the first queuing variations to be widely implemented. This is based
on the concept that certain types of traffic can be identified and shuffled to the
front of the output queue so that some traffic is always transmitted ahead of
other types of traffic.
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IP TOS ( Type
of Service)
Feature
•
•
Process TOS Field –An 8 bits field in the IP packet header designed to
contain values indicating how each packet should be handled in the network.
If you choose "enable" then it will enable this function to process IP Type of
Service field.
Overwrite policy priority – Choose “yes” to set the priority of TOS field in IP
packet overwrite the priority defined in policy configuration
Policy Configuration
Setting the QoS policy can assign received packets a higher/lower priority (based on your
configuration) to pass through this device. You can define some policies which classify received
packets based on source/destination IP, MAC, port and protocol type. This feature is useful when the
WAN link is very busy or congested or when using special applications that need real time services
such as Internet phone, video conference...etc.
Figure 6-2: Policy Configuration
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Data – Policy Configuration.
Policy Priority
•
Policy Name –The name of a policy which is used to classify the received
packets based on the following types for your memory.
•
Source/Destination Address, Port – Specify a packet based on
source/destination address or port. Address has two types: IP address and
MAC address. By default, the IP address is 0.0.0.0 for all IP Addresses but
the MAC address is 00-00-00-00-00-00 which cannot be used to classify.
Port and Protocol Type define all packets for special applications.
•
•
Protocol Type – The field defines traffic packet type, i.e. IP,TCP and UDP.
Priority Queue –This device supports four queues. When a packet meets a
policy rule requirement, it will be put into the responding queue. Otherwise it is
assigned the lowest priority to pass through
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7: Management Assistant
Overview
The following advanced features are provided.
•
•
•
•
•
Admin Setup
Email Alert
SNMP
Syslog
Upgrade Firmware
This chapter contains details of the configuration and use of each of these features.
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Admin Setup
The password screen allows you to assign a password to The Load Balancer, and enable /disable
the remote access mechanism.
Figure 7-1: Admin Password
Enter the desired password, re-enter it in the Verify Password field, then save it.
When you connect to The Load Balancer with your Browser, you will be prompted for the password
when you connect, as shown below.
Figure 7-2: Password Dialog
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•
•
Enter "Admin" for the User Name.
Enter the password for The Load Balancer, as set on the Admin Password screen above.
Admin. Setup
Remote Access
Configuration
•
•
Remote Upgrade – If enabled, you can use the supplied Windows
utility to remotely upgrade the firmware. If not enabled, the upgrade
must be performed by a PC on the LAN.
Remote Setup – If enabled, access to the web-based interface is
available via the Internet (See below for details). If not enabled, access
is only available by a PC on the LAN.
•
•
Access port – The port number used when connecting remotely. The
default port number is 8080.
Allowed Remote IP – Remote access is only available to the IP
address entered here.
1. Leaving these fields blank (0.0.0.0 ~ 0.0.0.0), will allow access by
all PCs.
2. These addresses must be Internet IP addresses; not addresses on
the local LAN.
3. To specify a single address, enter it in both fields.
Administrator
Password
You can modify the device password in this field. The default entry is
“ “ (no password).
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Email Alert
This feature will send an warning Email, inform system administrator that one of the WAN ports was
disconnected.
Email Alert – You can choose to enable or disable it to send a warning email.
Email Sender Address – It is an email address, which will send the warning email.
Email (SMTP) Server Address – It is an email server address the warning email will be sent to.
Email Recipient Address – It is an email address of system administrator the email will be sent to.
Figure 7-3: Email Alert
Settings – Email Alert
Global Setting
•
Enable & Link down – To enable or disable the Alert Mail sending in
the event one of the WAN ports is disconnected.
•
Excessive ping –This function is useful to prevent ICMP packets
attacks from WAN or LAN onk the device. It will drop the packets if the
ping times exceed the threshold value
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The purpose of email alert is in the event a WAN port is disconnected or
mal-functions, it will send an email message to inform the recipient.
Email Alert
Configuration
•
•
•
Email (SMTP) Server Address – The e-mail server address. (ex:
mail.yourdomain.com)
User Name –The user name of an e-mail sender address for
authentication. (ex: abc)
Password –The password of an e-mail sender address for
authentication. (ex:12345)
•
•
Sender Address – The email address of the sender.
Recipient Address –The email address of the receiver. (ex:
Email Alert
List Email Alert messge that you have configured previously.
Configuration list
SNMP
This section is only useful if you have SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) software on
your PC. If you have SNMP software, you can use a standard MIB II file with The Load Balancer.
Figure 7-4: SNMP
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Settings – SNMP
System
This is the system information which will identify this device.
Information
Community
Trap Targets
A relationship between a SNMP agent and a set of SNMP managers that defines
authentication, access control and proxy characteristics.
Up to three IP addresses can be entered. Trap information will be sent to these
addresses
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Syslog
This feature can send real time system information on the web page or to the specified PC.
Syslog Configuration – Syslog Configuration allow you where to send system information to other
machine or not. There are up to three machines you can choose to send your system log.
Message Status– Messages send only keep when “keep send message” checked. Currently we
keep last 100 messages in the RAM area, they will clear when reboot or power off.
Figure 7-5:Syslog
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Syslog Configuration
Syslog Delivery
•
•
•
Sending Out – If checked, the device will send syslog messages to
other machines (log servers).
Keep Sent Message – If checked, the sent messages will be kept on
the device, otherwise they will be deleted
Syslog Servers –
•
•
IP Address: Up to 3 syslog servers can be used.
Enable: If checked, the log message will be sent to the server. You
can disable or enable each server temporarily.
•
•
Port: If your syslog server does not use the default port (514),
change it.
Log Priority Level: The messages are grouped into 8 priority levels,
from Emergency to Debug. The lower level it is, the more messages
it will generate. Emergency is the highest priority level, and Debug is
the lowest.Setting priority to Debug will send all generated messages
Log Priority Modules This feature displays and controls the current log priority for each module.
For a module with different priorities, the different level of messages will be
generated in Syslog. The lower the level of log priority for a module, a more
messages will be generated. DEBUG is the lowest level of log priority
SNTP Configuration
•
•
SNTP Servers – Up to 3 SNTP servers can be used for GMT. You can
enter its IP or Domain address here. You can use some servers such as
time-a.nist.gov, time.nist.gov, time-nw.nist.gov, etc.
Time Zone –This lists all time differences between GMT and the local
time selected by you.
Upgrade Firmware
This Upgrade Firmware Screen allows you to upgrade firmware or backup system configuration by
using HTTP upgrade.
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Figure 7-6: Firmware Upgrade Screen
Š
Š
You can backup your system configuration by press “save” button of
Save System Configuration. It will save the system configuration for
you. (Notice: You have to refresh the browser after you saved the
system configuration file)
System configuration
Upgrade Firmware
You also can do firmware upgrade by input the correct password and
the file name of your firmware. Remember do not Reset or Restart
the device while update new firmware, because it may cause system
to crash.
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Restore Factory Defaults
When the "Restore Factory Defaults" button on the upgrade Firmware screen above is clicked, the
following screen is displayed.
Figure 7-7: Restore Factory Defaults
If the "Restore Default Value" button on this screen is clicked:
•
•
ALL of your settings will be erased.
The default IP address, password and ALL other settings will be restored to the factory default
values.
•
The DCHP server function will be enabled.
These changes may mean that the current connection is invalid, and you will have to re-connect to
The Load Balancer using its default IP address (192.168.1.1).
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8: Operation and Status
Operation
Once both The Load Balancer and the PCs are configured, operation is automatic.
However, there are some situations where additional Internet configuration may be required:
Refer to Chapter 4 - Advanced Features for further details.
System Status
Use the System Status link on the main menu to view this screen.
Figure 8-1: System Status
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Data – System Status
Interface
Information
•
Connection Type – The type of connection used – DHCP, Fixed IP, PPPoE,
or PPTP.
•
•
Connection Status – Current status – either "Connected" or "Not connected".
"Force Renew" button– Only available if using a dynamic IP address
(DHCP). Clicking this button will perform a DHCP "Renew" transaction with
the ISP's DHCP server. This will extend the period for which the current WAN
IP address is allocated to you.
•
•
MAC Address – The WAN port MAC (physical) address of the Load
Balancer,
Interface
( WAN )
IP Address – The IP address of the Load Balancer, as seen from the Internet.
This IP Address is allocated by the ISP (Internet Service Provider)
•
•
•
Subnet Mask – The Network Mask (Subnet Mask) for the IP Address above.
Gateway – An IP address that act as entrance to another network.
DNS IP Address – The address of the current DNS (Domain Name Server.)
Interface
( LAN )
•
•
•
IP Address – The LAN IP Address of the Load Balancer.
Subnet Mask – The Network Mask (Subnet Mask) for the IP Address above.
MAC Address – The MAC (physical) address of the Load Balancer, as seen
from the local LAN.
•
DHCP Server – The status of the DHCP Server function - either "Enabled" or
"Disabled".
Device
Information
•
•
•
•
Hardware ID – The manufacturers ID for this particular device.
Firmware Version – Version of the Firmware currently installed.
NAT – Status of the NAT feature – either “Enable” or “Disable”.
Load Balance – Status of the Load Balance feature – either “Enable” or
“Disable”.
•
•
Virtual Server – Status of the Virtual Server feature – either "Enabled" or
"Disabled".
Special Applications – Status of the Special Applications feature – either
"Enabled" or "Disabled".
•
•
Multi DMZ – Status of the DMZ feature – either "Enabled" or "Disabled".
URL Filter – Status of the Block URL feature – either “Enable” or “Disable”.
Device
Statistics
•
System UpTime – The time since the system of a device was last
reinitialized.
•
•
•
CPU Usage – The current usage percentage of CPU.
Memory Heap – The current memory usage percentage in memory heap.
Packet Queue – The current packets usage percentage in queue,
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Buttons
•
•
•
Refresh – Update the data on screen.
Restart – Restart (reboot) the Load Balancer.
Restore Factory Defaults – This will delete all existing settings, and restore
the factory default settings. See below for details.
WAN Status
Use the WAN Status link on the main menu to view this screen.
Figure 8-2: WAN Status
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Data – System Status
NAT
This section displays data for each WAN port.
Statistics
•
•
•
•
Connection status – This will display either Connected or Not Connected.
Default Loading Share - The default traffic loading between the WAN ports.
Current Loading Share – The current traffic loading between the WAN ports.
Current Loading – The number of sessions, Bytes and Packets currently
being processed on each port.
•
Current Bandwidth – The current Download and Upload speeds on each
WAN port.
•
"Check NAT Detail" will display the NAT Status screen, described below.
Interface
Statistics
This section displays cumulative statistics.
Use the "Restart Counter" button to restart these counters when required.
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Appendix A
Specifications
Model
Load Balancer
Dimensions
245mm (W) x 137mm (D) x 30mm (H)
0° C to 40° C
Operating
Temperature
Storage
Temperature
-10° C to 70° C
Network
Protocol:
TCP/IP
Network
6 Ethernet:
Interface:
4 * 10/100BaseT (RJ45) auto-Switching Hub ports for LAN devices
2 * 10/100BaseT (RJ45) for WAN
LEDs
8 LAN
4 WAN
1 Status
1 Power
External Power
Adapter
5 V 1.5A DC
FCC Statement
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions:
(1) This device may not cause harmful interference.
(2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause
undesired operation.
CE Marking Warning
This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference in
which case the user may be required to take adequate measures.
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Appendix B
Windows TCP/IP Setup
Overview
TCP/IP Settings
If using the default Load Balancer settings, and the default Windows 95/98/ME/2000
TCP/IP settings, no changes need to be made.
•
By default, The Load Balancer will act as a DHCP Server, automatically providing a suitable IP
Address (and related information) to each PC when the PC boots.
•
•
•
For all non-Server versions of Windows, the default TCP/IP setting is to act as a DHCP client.
If you wish to check your TCP/IP settings, the procedure is described in the following sections.
If your LAN has a Router, the LAN Administrator must re-configure the Router itself.
Checking TCP/IP Settings - Windows 9x/ME:
1. Select Control Panel - Network. You should see a screen like the following:
Figure B-1: Network Configuration
2. Select the TCP/IP protocol for your network card.
3. Click on the Properties button. You should then see a screen like the following.
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Figure B-2: IP Address (Win 95)
Ensure your TCP/IP settings are correct, as follows:
Using DHCP
To use DHCP, select the radio button Obtain an IP Address automatically. This is the default
Windows settings.
Restart your PC to ensure it obtains an IP Address from The Load Balancer.
Using "Specify an IP Address"
If your PC is already configured, check with your network administrator before making the following
changes:
•
If the DNS Server fields are empty, select Use the following DNS server addresses, and enter the
DNS address or addresses provided by your ISP, then click OK.
•
On the Gateway tab, enter The Load Balancer's IP address in the New Gateway field and click
Add, as shown below. (Your LAN administrator can advise you of the IP Address they assigned to
The Load Balancer.)
Figure B-3: Gateway Tab (Win 95/98)
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•
On the DNS Configuration tab, ensure Enable DNS is selected. If the DNS Server Search Order
list is empty, enter the DNS address provided by your ISP in the fields beside the Add button,
then click Add.
Figure B-4: DNS Tab (Win 95/98)
Checking TCP/IP Settings - Windows 2000:
1. Select Control Panel - Network and Dial-up Connection.
2. Right click the Local Area Connection icon and select Properties. You should see a screen like
the following:
Figure B-5: Network Configuration (Win 2000)
3. Select the TCP/IP protocol for your network card.
4. Click on the Properties button. You should then see a screen like the following.
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Figure B-6: TCP/IP Properties (Win 2000)
5. Ensure your TCP/IP settings are correct:
Using DHCP
To use DHCP, select the radio button Obtain an IP Address automatically. This is the default
Windows settings.
Restart your PC to ensure it obtains an IP Address from The Load Balancer.
Using a fixed IP Address ("Use the following IP Address")
If your PC is already configured, check with your network administrator before making the following
changes:
•
Enter The Load Balancer's IP address in the Default gateway field and click OK. (Your LAN
administrator can advise you of the IP Address they assigned to The Load Balancer.)
•
If the DNS Server fields are empty, select Use the following DNS server addresses, and enter the
DNS address or addresses provided by your ISP, then click OK.
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Checking TCP/IP Settings - Windows XP:
1. Select Control Panel - Network Connection.
2. Right click the Local Area Connection and choose Properties. You should see a screen like the
following:
Figure B-7: Network Configuration (Windows XP)
3. Select the TCP/IP protocol for your network card.
4. Click on the Properties button. You should then see a screen like the following.
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Figure B-8: TCP/IP Properties (Windows XP)
5. Ensure your TCP/IP settings are correct.
Using DHCP
To use DHCP, select the radio button obtain an IP Address automatically. This is the default
Windows settings.
Restart your PC to ensure it obtains an IP Address from The Load Balancer.
Using a fixed IP Address ("Use the following IP Address")
If your PC is already configured, check with your network administrator before making the following
changes.
•
Enter The Load Balancer's IP address in the Default gateway field and click OK. (Your LAN
administrator can advise you of the IP Address they assigned to The Load Balancer.)
•
If the DNS Server fields are empty, select Use the following DNS server addresses, and enter the
DNS address or addresses provided by your ISP, then click OK.
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Appendix C
Troubleshooting
Overview
This chapter covers some common problems that may be encountered while using The Load
Balancer and some possible solutions to them. If you follow the suggested steps and The Load
Balancer still does not function properly, contact your dealer for further advice.
General Problems
Problem 1:
Can't connect to The Load Balancer to configure it.
Solution 1:
Check the following:
•
•
•
•
The Load Balancer is properly installed, LAN connections are OK, and it is
powered ON.
Ensure that your PC and The Load Balancer are on the same network
segment. (If you don't have a router, this must be the case.)
If your PC is set to "Obtain an IP Address automatically" (DHCP client), restart
it.
If your PC uses a Fixed (Static) IP address, ensure that it is using an IP
Address within the range 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.254 and thus compatible
with The Load Balancer’s default IP Address of 192.168.1.1.
Also, the Network Mask should be set to 255.255.255.0 to match The Load
Balancer.
In Windows, you can check these settings by using Control Panel-Network to
check the Properties for the TCP/IP protocol.
Internet Access
Problem 1:
When I enter a URL or IP address I get a time out error.
A number of things could be causing this. Try the following troubleshooting steps.
Solution 1:
•
•
•
Check if other PCs work. If they do, ensure that your PCs IP settings are
correct. If using a Fixed (Static) IP Address, check the Network Mask, Default
gateway and DNS as well as the IP Address.
If the PCs are configured correctly, but still not working, check The Load
Balancer. Ensure that it is connected and ON. Connect to it and check its
settings. (If you can't connect to it, check the LAN and power connections.)
If The Load Balancer is configured correctly, check your Internet connection
(DSL/Cable modem etc) to see that it is working correctly.
Problem 2:
Some applications do not run properly when using The Load Balancer.
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Solution 2:
The Load Balancer processes the data passing through it, so it is not transparent.
Use the Special Applications feature to allow the use of Internet applications which
do not function correctly.
If this does solve the problem you can use the DMZ function. This should work with
most applications, but:
•
•
It is a security risk, since the firewall is disabled for the DMZ PC.
Only one (1) PC can use this feature.
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