C H A P T E R
14
Routing
This chapter describes the Border Gateway Protocol and the Open Shortest Path
First Routing Protocol. Border Gateway Protocol is an exterior gateway routing
protocol that addresses the task of path determination. The Cisco 12000/10720
Router Manager supports Configuration and Fault Management of BGP routing
processes and BGP address families. The Open Shortest Path First is a link-state,
interior gateway routing protocol. It is designed to operate in Transmission
Control Protocol/Internet Protocol networks and to address the shortcomings of
the Routing Information Protocol. The Cisco 12000/10720 Router Manager
supports the Configuration and Fault Management of OSPF processes and areas
on the routers.
This chapter contains the following information:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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Table 14-1 Launching the Routing Windows (continued)
Yes Yes
Yes
No
No
Cisco 12000/10720 Manager>
Configuration>Chassis>OSPF
>OSPF Configuration
Yes Yes
Yes
No
No
Cisco 12000/10720
Manager>Fault>
Chassis>OSPF>OSPF Status
Note
The routing windows cannot be opened when multiple objects are selected (the
menu options to open the windows are grayed out). Available menu options can
be launched from a site object containing the required objects, when required.
BGP Management
BGP is an interautonomous system routing protocol that is used to exchange
routing information for the internet. The customers connect to the Internet Service
Providers (ISPs), and the ISPs use BGP to exchange customer and ISP routing
information. When BGP is used between autonomous systems (AS), the protocol
is referred to as External BGP (EBGP). If a service provider is using BGP to
exchange routes within an AS, then the protocol is referred to as Interior BGP
(IBGP).
BGP uses the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) as its transport protocol. Any
two routers that have opened a TCP connection to each other for the purpose of
exchanging routing information are known as peers or neighbor.
BGP Configuration
The BGP Configuration window allows the user to enable, modify and disable a
BGP process in the device. The BGP Configuration window also allows the user
to configure a BGP Network, BGP Neighbor and BGP Redistribute protocol.
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Chapter 14 Routing
BGP Configuration
The BGP Configuration section covers the following:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Viewing the BGP Details Tab on the BGP Configuration Window
The BGP Details tab displays the BGP information. The user can enable, disable
or modify BGP running on the device.
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BGP Configuration
To view the BGP Configuration window for a chassis, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Right click on the chassis object and choose Configuration>BGP>BGP
allow you to launch the BGP Configuration window.
Note
The BGP Details tab is always displayed upon launching the BGP
Configuration window.
Figure 14-1 BGP Configuration Window—BGP Details
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Step 2
Choose the chassis from the left side of the window.
BGP Details Tab—Detailed Description
The BGP-Details tab displays two areas: BGP General and BGP Information
BGP General
Local Autonomous System—The id of the BGP process running in the device. If
the value is 0 it means no BGP process is running on the device.
Actions
Enable—The Enable action button is active when there is no BGP running on the
device. Clicking Enable action button opens the BGP Enable window through
which the user can create a new BGP process in the device. For more details on
Disable—The Disable action button is active when there is a BGP process running
in the device. Clicking Disable action button removes the BGP process running in
BGP Information
BGP Identifier—It is the Router Identifier for the BGP speaking router. By
default, BGP Identifier is set to IP address of the loopback interface if it is
configured otherwise it is the highest IP address configured for a physical
interface on that router.
BGP Version— It displays the supported BGP version.
BGP Synchronization—It displays whether BGP synchronization with IGP is
enabled or disabled.
BGP Auto-Summary—It displays whether Automatic network number
summarization for BGP is enabled or disabled.
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BGP Configuration
BGP Log Neighbor-Changes—It displays whether logging of BGP neighbor
resets is enabled or disabled.
Default-Metric—It displays the default-metric value set for redistributed routes.
BGP Default IPV4-Unicast—It displays whether the IP version 4 (IPv4) unicast
for peers is enabled or disabled on the router.
Action
Modify—The Modify action button is active only when there is BGP running in
the device. Clicking the Modify action button opens the BGP Modify window
through which the user can modify the General BGP parameters. For more details
Enabling BGP on a Chassis
The Enable BGP window allows the user to enable a BGP process on the device.
To enable a BGP process, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Step 2
Open the BGP Configuration window. See “Viewing the BGP Details Tab on the
BGP Configuration Window” section on page 14-4 for further details.
Choose a chassis from the left side of the window.
Note
You can choose multiple chassis (from the chassis list) which allows you
to launch the Enable BGP window for the selected chassis.
Step 3
Click on the Enable button. The Enable BGP window appears.
Note
The Enable button is active only when there is no BGP running on the
device.
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BGP Configuration
Figure 14-2 Enable BGP Window
Step 4
Step 5
Step 6
Choose the chassis from the left side of the window.
Enter a value for the BGP AS Number.
Choose the Enable BGP button.
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BGP Configuration
Enable BGP Window—Detailed Description
Local Autonomous System—The id of the BGP process to be created on the
device.
Action
Enable BGP—Clicking on the Enable BGP button creates the BGP process on the
device.
Modifying BGP on a Chassis
The BGP Modify Window allows the user to modify the BGP Configurations on
the device. To modify a BGP process, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Step 2
Open the BGP Configuration window. See “Viewing the BGP Details Tab on the
BGP Configuration Window” section on page 14-4 for further details.
Choose a chassis from the left side of the window.
Note
You can choose multiple chassis (from the chassis list) which allows you
to launch the BGP Modify window for the selected chassis.
Step 3
Click on the Modify button. The BGP Modify window appears.
Note
The Modify button is active only when there is BGP running on the
device.
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BGP Configuration
Figure 14-3 BGP Modify Window
Step 4
Step 5
Choose the chassis from the left side of the window.
Modify the values of the fields and save the changes.
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BGP Configuration
BGP Modify Window—Detailed Description
The BGP Modify window displays the following:
Local AS—The Autonomous System number in the router.
BGP Identifier—Used to configure the Router Identifier for the BGP speaking
router.
Note
Peering sessions are reset if the router ID is changed.
BGP Synchronization—This is used to Enable or Disable BGP synchronization
with Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP).
BGP Auto-Summary—This is used to Enable or Disable Automatic network
number summarization for BGP
BGP Log Neighbor-Changes—This is used to set logging of BGP neighbor resets.
This value can be set to “Yes” or “No”.
BGP Default IPV4-Unicast—This is used to set the default as the IP version 4
(IPv4) unicast for BGP peers on the router.
BGP Default-Metric—This is used to configure the default-metric value for
redistributed routes.
Note
If this attribute is set to zero, then the default metric is removed from the device.
Disabling BGP on a Chassis
This section describes the procedure to disable a BGP process running in the
device. To disable a BGP process, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Open the BGP Configuration window. See “Viewing the BGP Details Tab on the
BGP Configuration Window” section on page 14-4 for further details.
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Step 2
Choose the chassis for which you want to disable BGP from the left side of the
window.
Note
You can choose multiple chassis (from the chassis list) which allows you
to disable BGP for the selected chassis.
Step 3
Click on the Disable button.
Note
The Disable button is active only when there is BGP running on the
device.
Figure 14-4 Disable BGP—Alert
Step 4
Step 5
Click Yes to disable BGP on the chassis.
Click No to abort the Disable BGP operation.
Viewing the Network Tab on the BGP Configuration Window
The Network tab displays the information about paths to destination networks
from all the BGP4 Peers. The user can add or remove a BGP network on the
device. To view the Network tab on the BGP Configuration window for a chassis,
proceed as follows:
Step 1
Step 2
Right click on the chassis object and choose Configuration>BGP>BGP
allow you to launch the BGP Configuration window.
Click on the Network tab.
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Figure 14-5 BGP Configuration Window—Network Tab
Step 3
Choose the chassis from the left side of the window.
Network Tab—Detailed Description
The Network tab displays a single area, BGP Network Information.
BGP Network Information
Neighbor IP Address—The IP address of the peer where the path information was
learnt.
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BGP Configuration
Network Mask—Length in bits of the IP address prefix in the Network Layer
Reachability Information field.
Network Address—An IP address prefix in the Network Layer Reachability
Information field. This object is an IP address containing the prefix with the
length specified by the Network Mask attribute. Any bits beyond the length
specified by Network Mask attribute are zeroed.
Path Origin—The ultimate origin of the path information.
Border Router IP Address—The address of the border router that should be used
for the destination network.
Best Path—Indicates whether the BGP4 route is the best chosen or not.
Multiple Exit Point Discriminate Metric—This metric is used to discriminate
between multiple exit points to an adjacent autonomous number. A value of -1
indicates the absence of this attribute.
Degree of Preference—The originating BGP4 speaker's degree of preference for
an advertised route. A value of -1 indicates the absence of this attribute.
Calculated Degree of Preference—The degree of preference calculated by the
receiving BGP4 speaker for an advertise route.
Less Specific Route Selected—Indicates whether or not the local system has
selected a less specific route without selecting a more specific route.
Router Aggregator AS—The AS number of the last BGP4 speaker that performed
route aggregation. When the value is zero, it indicates the absence of this attribute.
Route Aggregator IP Address—The IP address of the last BGP4 speaker that
performed route aggregation.
Actions
Add/Remove Network—Clicking this button opens the BGP Network
Configuration window. For more details, see “BGP Network Configuration”
BGP Network Configuration
The BGP Network Configuration window allows the user to add or remove a
network entry to be advertised through the BGP Network. To configure the BGP
Network, proceed as follows:
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BGP Configuration
Step 1
Step 2
Open the BGP Configuration window. See “Viewing the BGP Details Tab on the
BGP Configuration Window” section on page 14-4 for further details. Click on
the Network tab.
Choose the chassis, for which you want to configure the BGP path, from the left
side of the window.
Note
You can choose multiple chassis (from the chassis list) which allows you
to launch the BGP Network Configuration window for the selected
chassis.
Step 3
Click Add/Remove Network. The BGP Network Configuration window appears.
Figure 14-6 BGP Network Configuration Window
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Step 4
Edit the fields displayed in the window, as required.
BGP Network Configuration Window—Detailed Description
The BGP Network Configuration window displays the following:
Local AS—The Autonomous System number in the router.
Network Address—The is used to configure the IP address of a network to be
advertised through BGP.
Network Mask—This is used to configure the subnet mask of the network to be
advertised.
Action
Add Network Entry—Clicking on the Add Network Entry button, adds the
network entry on the device. Thus, the user is able to add the networks associated
with the BGP routing process.
Remove Network Entry—Clicking on the Remove Network Entry button,
removes the network entry from the device. Thus, the user is able to remove the
networks associated with the BGP routing process.
Viewing the Neighbor Tab on the BGP Configuration Window
The Neighbor tab displays the connection related information for the BGP
Neighbors. Each entry corresponds to a BGP Neighbor. The user can add or
remove the neighbor configurations on the device. To view the Neighbor tab on
the BGP Configuration window for a chassis, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Step 2
Right click on the chassis object and choose Configuration>BGP>BGP
allow you to launch the BGP Configuration window.
Click on the Neighbor tab.
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BGP Configuration
Figure 14-7 BGP Configuration Window—Neighbor Tab
Step 3
Choose the chassis from the left side of the window.
Neighbor Tab—Detailed Description
The Neighbor tab displays a single area, BGP Neighbor Information.
BGP Neighbor Information
Neighbor IP Address—Specifies the IP address of the neighbor router.
Neighbor ID—Indicates the BGP identifier of the BGP peer entry.
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BGP Configuration
State—Specifies the state of the neighbor router that can be one of Idle, Active,
Established, Opensent, Connect or Openconfirm.
Negotiated Version—Specifies the negotiated version of BGP running between
the two peers.
Remote AS—Specifies the neighbor routers autonomous system number which
can be from 1-65535.
Received Update Messages—The number of BGP Update messages received on
this connection.
Transmitted Update Messages—The number of BGP Update messages
transmitted on this connection.
Total Received Messages—The total number of messages received from the
remote peer on this connection.
Total Transmitted Messages—The total number of messages transmitted to the
remote peer on this connection.
Hold Time—The Hold Timer established with the peer (in seconds).
KeepAlive Time—The KeepAlive timer established with the peer (in seconds).
Configured Hold Time—The Hold Time configured for this BGP speaker with
this peer (in seconds).
Configured KeepAlive Time—The KeepAlive timer configured for this BGP
speaker with this peer (in seconds).
Actions
Add/Remove Neighbor—Clicking on the Add/Remove Neighbor action button
opens the BGP Neighbor Configuration window. For more details, see “BGP
BGP Neighbor Configuration
The BGP Neighbor Configuration window allows the user to add or remove
neighbor configurations for BGP address families.
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BGP Configuration
To configure the BGP Neighbor, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Step 2
Open the BGP Configuration window. See “Viewing the BGP Details Tab on the
BGP Configuration Window” section on page 14-4 for further details. Click on
the Neighbor tab.
Choose the chassis, for which you want to configure the BGP Neighbor, from the
left side of the window.
Note
You can choose multiple chassis (from the chassis list) which allows you
to launch the BGP Neighbor Configuration window for the selected
chassis.
Step 3
Click on the Add/Remove Neighbor button. The BGP Neighbor Configuration
window appears.
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BGP Configuration
Figure 14-8 BGP Neighbor Configuration Window
Step 4
Edit the fields displayed in the window, as required.
BGP Neighbor Configuration Window—Detailed Description
The BGP Neighbor Configuration window displays the following:
Local AS—The Autonomous System number in the router.
Neighbor IP Address—This is used to configure the IP address of the neighbor
router.
Neighbor Remote AS—This is used to configure the neighbor routers AS number
with the values ranging from 1 to 65535.
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BGP Configuration
Update-Source—This is used to set the BGP sessions to use a specific operational
interface for TCP connections.
Note
The Update Source command in the device can specify any interface (physical,
virtual, loopback) to be used as source IP address of the BGP session with the
neighbor; but in the EM only the loopback interface can be specified.
Loopback—This is used to configure Router's Loopback Interface Number. This
is valid only if Update-Source is set to YES.
Action
Add Neighbor Entry—Clicking on the Add Neighbor Entry action button adds the
neighbor entry in the device.
Remove Neighbor Entry—Clicking on the Remove Neighbor Entry action button
removes the neighbor entry from the device.
Viewing the Redistribution Tab on the BGP Configuration
Window
The Redistribution tab displays the redistributed information from other routing
protocols. The user can add or remove the redistributed protocol entries on the
device. To view the Redistribution tab on the BGP Configuration window for a
chassis, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Step 2
Right click on the chassis object and choose Configuration>BGP>BGP
allow you to launch the BGP Configuration window.
Click on the Redistribution tab.
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BGP Configuration
Figure 14-9 BGP Configuration Window—Redistribution Tab
Step 3
Choose the chassis from the left side of the window.
Redistribution Tab—Detailed Description
The Redistribution tab displays a single area, BGP Redistribution Information.
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BGP Configuration
BGP Redistribution Information
Protocol—This displays the protocol whose routes are redistributed by BGP. The
redistribute configuration causes the corresponding routes to be redistributed into
BGP.
AS/Tag—A Process ID of the redistributed protocol
IS-IS Routing Level—Routing level of ISIS Protocol
Redistribution Metric—Specifies the metric used for redistributed routes.
Actions
Add/Remove Redistribute—Clicking the Add/Remove Redistribute action button
opens the BGP Redistribute Configuration window. For more details, see “BGP
BGP Redistribute Configuration
The BGP Redistribute Configuration window allows the user to add or remove a
redistribution entries from the device. To configure the BGP Redistribute
protocol, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Step 2
Open the BGP configuration window. See “Viewing the BGP Details Tab on the
BGP Configuration Window” section on page 14-4 for further details. Click on
the Redistribution tab.
Choose the chassis, for which you want to configure the BGP Redistribute, from
the left side of the window.
Note
You can choose multiple chassis (from the chassis list) which allows you
to launch the BGP Redistribute Configuration window for the selected
chassis.
Step 3
Click on the Add/Remove Redistribute button. The BGP Redistribute
Configuration window appears.
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BGP Configuration
Figure 14-10 BGP Redistribute Configuration Window
Step 4
Edit the fields displayed in the window, as required.
BGP Redistribute Configuration—Detailed Description
The BGP Redistribute Configuration window displays the following:
Local AS—The Autonomous System number in the router.
Protocol—Specifies the protocol to be redistributed into BGP. Valid Protocol
Names that can be redistributed are connected, static, ospf, isis, igrp, eigrp, egp,
rip, mobile, odr, dvmrp.
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BGP Status
Source ID—Indicates the Process ID of the redistributed protocol. A Positive
Integer will indicate the process id of the redistributed protocol; a character string
will indicate the ISO routing area tag. In case of protocols like CONNECTED and
STATIC this attribute cannot be configured.
IS-IS Routing Level—Specifies the routing level of ISIS Protocol. The values for
this field are: level-1, level-2 or level-1-2 when protocol is IS-IS.
Redistribution Metric—Specifies the metric used for redistributed routes.
Action
Add Redistribute Entry—Clicking on the Add Redistribute action button adds the
redistribution entry to the device.
Remove Redistribute Entry—Clicking on the Remove Redistribute Entry action
button removes the redistribution entry from the device.
BGP Status
The BGP Status window displays the BGP configurations existing on the device
including basic BGP information, path information, peer information and
redistribution information.
The BGP Status section covers the following:
•
•
Viewing the BGP Status Window
To view the BGP Status window, proceed as follows:
Step 1
on page 14-2 for information on which objects allow you to launch the BGP
Status window. The BGP Detail tab displays the BGP information.
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BGP Status
Figure 14-11 BGP Status Window
Step 2
Choose a Chassis from the list box displayed on the left side of the window.
Choose the Network tab, if required. The Network tab displays the information
about paths to destination networks from all the BGP4 Peers.
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BGP Status
Figure 14-12 BGP Status—Network Tab
Step 3
Choose the Neighbor tab, if required. The Neighbor tab displays the information
about BGP Peers and it contains one entry per BGP Peer, information about the
connections with BGP Peers.
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BGP Status
Figure 14-13 BGP Status—Neighbor Tab
Step 4
Choose the Redistribution tab, if required. The Redistribution tab displays the
redistributed information from other routing protocols.
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BGP Status
Figure 14-14 BGP Status—Redistribution Tab
BGP Status Window—Detailed Description
The BGP Status window displays four tabs: BGP-Details, Network, Neighbor and
Redistribution.
BGP-Details
The BGP-Details tab displays two areas: BGP General and BGP Information.
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BGP Status
BGP General
Local Autonomous System—The id of the BGP process running in the device. If
the value is 0 it means no BGP process is running on the device.
BGP Information
BGP Identifier—It is the Router Identifier for the BGP speaking router. By
default, BGP Identifier is set to IP address of the loopback interface if it is
configured otherwise it is the highest IP address configured for a physical
interface on that router.
BGP Version—It displays the supported BGP version.
BGP Synchronization—It displays whether BGP synchronization with IGP is
enabled or disabled.
BGP Auto-Summary—It displays whether Automatic network number
summarization for BGP is enabled or disabled.
BGP Log Neighbor-Changes—It displays whether logging of BGP neighbor
resets is enabled or disabled.
Default-Metric—It displays the default-metric value set for redistributed routes.
BGP Default IPV4-Unicast—It displays whether the IP version 4 (IPv4) unicast
for peers is enabled or disabled on the router.
Network
The Network tab displays a single area, BGP Network Information
BGP Network Information
Neighbor IP Address—The IP address of the peer where the path information was
learnt.
Network Mask—Length in bits of the IP address prefix in the Network Layer
Reachability Information field
Network Address—An IP address prefix in the Network Layer Reachability
Information field. This object is an IP address containing the prefix with the
length specified by the Network Mask attribute. Any bits beyond the length
specified by Network Mask attribute are zeroed.
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BGP Status
Path Origin—The ultimate origin of the path information
Border Router IP Address—The address of the border router that should be used
for the destination network.
Best Path—Indicates whether the BGP4 route is the best chosen or not.
Multiple Exit Point Discriminate Metric—This metric is used to discriminate
between multiple exit points to an adjacent autonomous number. A value of -1
indicates the absence of this attribute.
Degree of Preference—The originating BGP4 speaker's degree of preference for
an advertised route. A value of -1 indicates the absence of this attribute.
Calculated Degree of Preference—The degree of preference calculated by the
receiving BGP4 speaker for an advertise route.
Less Specific Route Selected—Indicates whether or not the local system has
selected a less specific route without selecting a more specific route.
Router Aggregator AS—The AS number of the last BGP4 speaker that performed
route aggregation. When the value is zero, it indicates the absence of this attribute.
Route Aggregator IP Address—The IP address of the last BGP4 speaker that
performed route aggregation.
Neighbor
The Neighbor tab displays a single area, BGP Neighbor Information.
BGP Neighbor Information
Neighbor IP Address—Specifies the IP address of the neighbor router.
Neighbor ID—Indicates the BGP identifier of the BGP peer entry
State—Specifies the state of the neighbor router that can be one of Idle, Active,
Established, Opensent, Connect or Openconfirm.
Negotiated Version—Specifies the negotiated version of BGP running between
the two peers.
Remote AS—Specifies the neighbor routers autonomous system number which
can be from 1-65535.
Received Update Messages—The number of BGP Update messages received on
this connection.
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Chapter 14 Routing
BGP Status
Transmitted Update Messages—The number of BGP Update messages
transmitted on this connection.
Total Received Messages—The total number of messages received from the
remote peer on this connection.
Total Transmitted Messages—The total number of messages transmitted to the
remote peer on this connection.
Hold Time—The Hold Timer established with the peer (in seconds).
KeepAlive Time—The KeepAlive timer established with the peer (in seconds).
Configured Hold Time—The Hold Time configured for this BGP speaker with
this peer (in seconds).
Configured KeepAlive Time—The KeepAlive timer configured for this BGP
speaker with this peer (in seconds).
Redistribution
The Redistribution tab displays a single area, BGP Redistribution Information.
BGP Redistribution Information
Protocol—Specifies the protocol to be redistributed into BGP. Valid Protocol
Names that can be redistributed are connected, static, ospf, isis, igrp, eigrp, egp,
rip, mobile, odr, dvmrp.
Source ID—Indicates the Process ID of the redistributed protocol. A Positive
Integer will indicate the process id of the redistributed protocol; a character string
will indicate the ISO routing area tag. In case of protocols like CONNECTED and
STATIC this attribute cannot be configured.
IS-IS Routing Level—Specifies the routing level of ISIS Protocol. The values for
this field are: level-1, level-2 or level-1-2 when protocol is IS-IS.
Redistribution Metric—Specifies the metric used for redistributed routes.
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Chapter 14 Routing
BGP Address-Family Synchronization
BGP Address-Family Synchronization
BGP, by default, carries the routing information only for IPv4 unicast addresses.
Address family is used to enable BGP to carry the routing information for
multiple address types (ipv4 multicast,ipv4 unicast,ipv4 vrf,vpnv4 unicast). BGP
Address Family synchronization is provided to synchronize BGP Address
Families configured on the device with the EM. When the synchronization
process is initiated for the first time on the chassis, the address families in the
device are uploaded to the EM. For the subsequent synchronizations, only the new
address families configured on the device are uploaded to the EM and the address
families that are removed from the device are deleted from the EM.
To synchronize the BGP address families, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Right click on a chassis and choose Configuration>BGP>BGP Address-Family
allow you to launch the BGP Address-Family Synchronization window.
Note
You can choose multiple chassis (from the chassis list displayed in the left
side of the BGP Address-Family Synchronization window) which allows
you to synchronize all the selected chassis simultaneously.
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BGP Address-Family Synchronization
Figure 14-15 BGP Address-Family Synchronization Window
Step 2
Choose Synchronize to initiate the synchronization process. An Action Report
appears summarizing the synchronization process.
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BGP Address-Family Synchronization
Figure 14-16 Action Report
Step 3
The status of the synchronization process is displayed in the Synchronization
Status area in the BGP Address-Family Synchronization window.
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BGP Address-Family Synchronization
Figure 14-17 BGP Address-Family Synchronization—Status Report
BGP Address-Family Synchronization—Detailed Description
The BGP Address-Family Synchronization window displays a single tab:
Synchronization.
Synchronization Tab
The Synchronization tab consists of a single area: BGP Address Family
Synchronization.
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BGP Address Family Configuration
Synchronization Status—Displays the status of the synchronization process.
Action
Synchronize—Uploads the existing BGP address families in the device to the EM.
Note
The uploaded BGP address families are listed in the “Address Family List” in the
BGP Address-Family Configuration window.
BGP Address Family Configuration
The BGP Address Family Configuration window allows the user to create, remove
and configure BGP address families. This section covers the following topics:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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Chapter 14 Routing
BGP Address Family Configuration
•
•
•
•
Viewing the AF-General Tab on the BGP Address-Family
Configuration Window
The AF-General tab displays the BGP address family parameters. The user can
create, remove or modify the BGP Address Family Parameters. To view the
AF-General tab on the BGP Address Family Configuration window for a chassis,
proceed as follows:
Step 1
Right click on the chassis object and choose Configuration>BGP>BGP
which objects allow you to launch the BGP Address-Family Configuration
window.
Note
When the BGP Address-Family Configuration window is launched, the
AF-General tab is displayed by default.
Note
The action buttons are greyed when there is no BGP configured on the
device.
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BGP Address Family Configuration
Figure 14-18 BGP Address-Family Configuration Window
Step 2
Choose the Chassis and the Address Family List from the left side of the window.
AF-General Tab—Detailed Description
The AF-General tab displays two areas: BGP General and BGP Address Family
Information.
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Chapter 14 Routing
BGP Address Family Configuration
BGP General
Local Autonomous System—The id of the BGP process running in the device. If
the value is 0 it means no BGP process is running on the device.
BGP Address Family Information
Address Family—Unique identifier of the address family type.
VRF Name—Identifier of the VRF Name if the address family type is ipv4 vrf.
Auto Summary—Displays whether the automatic network number summarization
is enabled/disabled for the address family.
Synchronization—Displays whether the BGP synchronization with IGP is
enabled/disabled for the address family.
Note
This field is applicable only for the ipv4 unicast and ipv4 vrf address families.
Default Metric—Displays the default metric value set for redistributed routes of
the address family.
Action
Modify Address Family—Clicking on the “Modify Address Family” button,
opens the BGP Address Family - Modify Address Family Parameters window.
Add/Remove Address Family—Clicking on the “Add/Remove Address Family”
button, opens the Configure Address Family window.
Configuring Address Family
The Configure Address Family window allows the user to create or remove BGP
address families. To add or remove a BGP address family, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Open the BGP Address-Family Configuration window. See “Viewing the
page 14-38 for further details. Click on the AF-General Tab.
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BGP Address Family Configuration
Step 2
Choose the chassis from the left side of the window.
Note
You can choose multiple chassis (from the chassis list) which allows you
to launch the Configure Address Family window for the selected chassis.
Step 3
Click on the Add/Remove Address Family button to open the Configure Address
Family window.
Figure 14-19 Configure Address Family Window
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BGP Address Family Configuration
Step 4
Step 5
Choose the chassis from the Chassis list for which you want to configure the BGP
address family.
Edit the fields displayed in the window, as required.
Configure Address Family—Detailed Description
The Configure Address Family window displays a single area: Add/Remove
Address Family.
Add Address Family
Address Family—Unique identifier of the address family type. The available
options are: ipv4 unicast, ipv4 multicast and vpnv4 unicast.
Note
In Cisco 12000/10720 Router Manager Release 3.1, the ipv4 vrf address family
type is not configurable through the EM.
Neighbor IP Address—Specifies the IP address of the neighbor router for the
address family
Remote AS—Specifies the neighbor router’s autonomous system number. This
value can range from 1 to 65535.
Note
This attribute is configurable only for the ipv4 unicast and ipv4 vrf address
families.
Send Community—Specifies the community attribute sent in the route updates to
a peer. The available options are: both, extended and standard. However, the
default is not to send community attribute in route updates.
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Chapter 14 Routing
BGP Address Family Configuration
Update Source—To enable or disable BGP sessions to use a specific operational
interface for TCP connections.
Note
The Update Source command in the device can specify any interface (physical,
virtual, loopback) to be used as source IP address of the BGP session with the
neighbor; but in the EM only the loopback interface can be specified. This
attribute is configurable only for the ipv4 unicast and ipv4 vrf address families.
Loopback No—This is used to configure Router's Loopback Interface Number.
This is valid only if Update-Source is set to YES.
Note
This attribute is configurable only for the ipv4 unicast and ipv4 vrf address
families.
Action
Add Address Family—Clicking on the “Add Address Family” button, adds the
address family to the device.
Remove Address Family—Clicking on the “Remove Address Family” button,
removes the address family from the device.
Modifying BGP Address Family
The BGP Address Family- Modify Address Family Parameters allows the user to
modify the basic parameters for BGP address families.
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Chapter 14 Routing
BGP Address Family Configuration
To modify the BGP Address Family, proceed as follows:
Open the BGP Address-Family Configuration window. See “Viewing the
page 14-38 for further details. Click on the AF-General Tab.
Step 1
Step 2
Choose a chassis and the address family from the left side of the window.
Note
You can choose multiple chassis and address families (from the list
provided at the left side of the window) which allows you to launch the
BGP Address Family - Modify Address Family Parameters window for
the selected chassis.
Step 3
Click on the Modify Address Family button to open the BGP Address Family -
Modify Address Family Parameters window.
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BGP Address Family Configuration
Figure 14-20 BGP Address Family—Modify Address Family Parameters Window
Step 4
Step 5
Choose the chassis from the Chassis list and the address family from the Address
Family list for which you want to modify the BGP address family parameters.
Edit the fields displayed in the window, as required and save the changes.
BGP Address Family-Modify Address Family
Parameters—Detailed Description
The BGP Address Family - Modify Address Family Parameters window displays
a list of the Address Family and an area: Modify Address Family Parameters.
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BGP Address Family Configuration
Modify Address Family Parameters
Address Family—Unique identifier of the address family type
VRF Name—Identifier of the VRF Name if the address family type is IPv4 VRF
Auto Summary—This is used to enable/disable the automatic network number
summarization for the address family.
Default Metric—This is used to set the value for the redistributed routes for the
address family.
Note
Note
This attribute is not configurable only for the vpnv4 unicast address families. If
this attribute is set to zero, then the default metric is removed from the device for
that address family.
Synchronization—This is used to enable/disable the BGP synchronization with
IGP for the address family.
This field is applicable only for the ipv4 unicast and ipv4 vrf address families.
Viewing the AF-Network Tab on the BGP Address-Family
Configuration Window
The AF-Network tab displays the network paths and the associated path
information for the BGP address family. The user can add or remove network
paths for an address family. To view the AF-Network tab on the BGP
Address-Family Configuration window for a chassis, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Step 2
Open the BGP Address-Family Configuration window. See “Viewing the
page 14-38 for further details.
Click on the AF-Network tab.
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BGP Address Family Configuration
Figure 14-21 BGP Address-Family Configuration Window—AF-Network Tab
Step 3
Choose the Chassis and the Address Family from the left side of the window.
AF-Network Tab—Detailed Description
The AF-Network tab displays a single area: Network Information
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Chapter 14 Routing
BGP Address Family Configuration
Network Information
Network Address—An IP address prefix in the Network Layer Reachability
Information field. This object is an IP address containing the prefix with the
length specified by the Prefix Len attribute. Any bits beyond the length specified
by Network Mask attribute are zeroed.
Prefix Len—Length in bits of the IP address prefix in the network layer
reachability information field.
Path Origin—The ultimate origin of the network path information.
Next Hop Ip Address—The address of the border router that should be used for
the destination network.
Metric—This metric is used to discriminate between multiple exit points to an
adjacent autonomous number. A value of -1 indicates the absence of this attribute.
Degree of Preference—The originating BGP4 speaker's degree of preference for
an advertised route. A value of -1 indicates the absence of this attribute.
Weightage—Specifies the BGP weight for the routing table.
Best Route—Specifies whether the network path is the best possible route. When
set to true, it indicates that the network path is the best route for the router.
Action
Add/Remove AF Network—Clicking on the “Add/Remove AF Network” opens
the BGP Address Family - Network Configuration window.
BGP Address Family—Network Configuration
The BGP Address Family - Network Configuration window allows the user to add
or remove network paths for BGP address families. To configure a Network path
for an address family, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Open the BGP Address-Family Configuration window. See “Viewing the
page 14-38 for further details. Click on the AF-Network Tab.
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BGP Address Family Configuration
Step 2
Choose a chassis and the address family from the left side of the window.
Note
You can choose multiple chassis and address families (from the list
provided at the left side of the window) which allows you to launch the
BGP Address Family - Network Configuration window for the selected
chassis.
Step 3
Click on the Add/Remove AF Network button to open the BGP Address Family -
Network Configuration window.
Figure 14-22 BGP Address Family—Network Configuration Window
Step 4
Choose the chassis from the Chassis list and the address family from the Address
Family List, for which you want to configure the Network path.
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BGP Address Family Configuration
Step 5
Edit the fields displayed in the window, as required.
BGP Address Family-Network Configuration—Detailed
Description
The Configure Network window displays a list of Address Families and an area:
Add/Remove Network.
Address Family—Displays a list of the address families.
Add/Remove Network
Address Family—Unique identifier of the address family type.
VRF Name—Identifier of the VRF Name if the address family type is IPv4 VRF
Network Number—This is used to configure the IP address of a network to be
advertised through BGP.
Network Mask—This is used to configure the subnet mask of the network to be
advertised
Note
You cannot configure a network for vpnv4 address families.
Action
Add Network Entry—Clicking the “Add Network Entry” button, adds the network
entry for the address family on the device.
Remove Network Entry—Clicking the “Remove Network Entry” button, removes
the network entry for the address family on the device.
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Chapter 14 Routing
BGP Address Family Configuration
Viewing the AF-Neighbor Tab on the BGP Address-Family
Configuration Window
The AF-Neighbor tab displays the neighbor information (peer) for a BGP address
family. The user can add or remove neighbor entries for an address family. To
view the AF-Neighbor tab on the BGP Address-Family Configuration window for
a chassis, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Step 2
Open the BGP Address-Family Configuration window. See “Viewing the
page 14-38 for further details.
Click on the AF-Neighbor tab.
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BGP Address Family Configuration
Figure 14-23 BGP Address-Family Configuration Window—AF-Neighbor Tab
Step 3
Choose the Chassis and the Address Family from the left side of the window.
AF-Neighbor Tab—Detailed Description
The AF-Neighbor tab displays a single area: Neighbor Information.
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BGP Address Family Configuration
Neighbor Information
Neighbor IP Address—Specifies the IP address of the neighbor router for the
address family.
Remote AS—Specifies the neighbor routers autonomous system number. This
value can range from1 to 65535.
Activate—Enables the neighbor to exchange prefixes for the specified family type
with the local router.
Neighbor Send Community—Specifies the community attribute sent in the route
updates to a peer. The default is not to send community attribute in route updates.
Action
Add/Remove AF Neighbor—Clicking on the Add/Remove AF Neighbor button
opens the BGP Address Family - Neighbor Configuration window.
BGP Address Family—Neighbor Configuration
The BGP Address Family - Neighbor Configuration window allows the user to
add or remove neighbor configurations for BGP address families. To configure a
Neighbor for an address family, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Step 2
Open the BGP Address-Family Configuration window. See “Viewing the
page 14-38 for further details. Click on the AF—Neighbor Tab.
Choose a chassis and the address family from the left side of the window.
Note
You can choose multiple chassis and address families (from the list
provided at the left side of the window) which allows you to launch the
BGP Address Family - Neighbor Configuration window for the selected
chassis.
Step 3
Click on the Add/Remove AF Neighbor button to open the BGP Address Family
- Neighbor Configuration window.
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BGP Address Family Configuration
Figure 14-24 BGP Address Family—Neighbor Configuration Window
Step 4
Step 5
Choose the chassis from the Chassis list and the address family from the Address
Family List, for which you want to configure the Neighbor.
Edit the fields displayed in the window, as required.
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Chapter 14 Routing
BGP Address Family Configuration
BGP Address Family-Neighbor Configuration—Detailed
Description
The Configure Neighbor window displays a list of Address Families and an area:
Add/Remove Neighbor.
Address Family List—Displays a list of the address families.
Add/Remove Neighbor
Address Family—Unique identifier of the address family type.
VRF Name—Identifier of the VRF Name if the address family type is IPv4 VRF
Neighbor IP Address—This is used to configure the IP address of the neighbor
router for the address family.
Remote AS—This is used to configure the neighbor router’s autonomous system
number. This value can range from1 to 65535.
Note
This attribute is configurable only for the ipv4 unicast and ipv4 vrf address
families.
Send Community—This is used to select the community attribute sent in the route
updates to a peer. The default is not to send community attribute in route updates.
The available options are: both, extended and standard.
Update Source—To enable or disable BGP sessions to use a specific operational
interface for TCP connections. The available options are: No and Yes.
Note
The Update Source command in the device can specify any interface (physical,
virtual, loopback) to be used as source IP address of the BGP session with the
neighbor; but in the EM only the loopback interface can be specified. This
attribute is configurable only for the ipv4 unicast and ipv4 vrf address families.
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Chapter 14 Routing
BGP Address Family Configuration
Loopback No—This is used to configure Router's Loopback Interface Number.
This is valid only if Update-Source is set to YES.
Note
This attribute is configurable only for the ipv4 unicast and ipv4 vrf address
families.
Action
Add Neighbor Entry—Clicking on the “Add Neighbor Entry” button, adds the
neighbor entry for the BGP Address Family.
Remove Neighbor Entry—Clicking on the “Remove Neighbor Entry” button,
removes the neighbor entry for the BGP Address Family.
Viewing the AF-Redistribute Tab on the BGP Address-Family
Configuration Window
The AF-Redistribute tab displays the information about the redistribute protocols
configured for a BGP address family. The user can add or remove the redistribute
entries for an address family. To view the AF-Redistribute tab on the BGP
Address Family Configuration window for a chassis, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Step 2
Open the BGP Address-Family Configuration window. See “Viewing the
page 14-38 for further details.
Click on the AF-Redistribute tab.
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BGP Address Family Configuration
Figure 14-25 BGP Address-Family Configuration Window—AF-Redistribute Tab
Step 3
Choose the Chassis and the Address Family from the left side of the window.
AF-Redistribute Tab—Detailed Description
The AF-Redistribute tab displays a single area: Redistribute Information.
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BGP Address Family Configuration
Redistribute Information
Protocol—Displays the protocol whose routes are redistributed by BGP. The
redistribute configuration causes the corresponding routes to be redistributed into
BGP.
AS/Tag—Indicates the Process ID of the redistributed protocol. A Positive Integer
will indicate the process id of the redistributed protocol; a character string will
indicate the ISO routing area tag.
IS-IS Route Level—Specifies the routing level of ISIS Protocol.
Redistribution Metric—Specifies the metric used for redistributed routes for this
address family.
Action
Add/Remove AF Redistribute—Clicking on the “Add/Remove AF Redistribute”
button opens the BGP Address Family - Redistribute Configuration window.
BGP Address Family—Redistribute Configuration
The BGP Address Family - Redistribute Configuration window allows the user to
add or remove redistribute configurations for BGP address families. To configure
the Redistribute protocol for an address family, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Step 2
Open the BGP Address-Family Configuration window. See “Viewing the
page 14-38 for further details. Click on the AF—Redistribute Tab.
Choose a chassis and the address family from the left side of the window.
Note
You can choose multiple chassis and address families (from the list
provided at the left side of the window) which allows you to launch the
BGP Address Family - Redistribute Configuration window for the
selected chassis.
Step 3
Click on the Add/Remove AF Redistribute button to open the BGP Address
Family - Redistribute Configuration.
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Figure 14-26 BGP Address Family—Redistribute Configuration Window
Step 4
Step 5
Choose the chassis from the Chassis list and the address family from the Address
Family list, for which you want to configure the Redistribution protocol.
Edit the fields displayed in the window, as required.
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BGP Address Family-Configure Redistribute Protocol—Detailed
Description
The BGP Address Family - Configure Redistribute Protocol window displays a
list Address Families and an area: Add/Remove Redistribution Information.
Address Family—Displays a list of the address families.
Add/Remove Redistribution Information
Address Family—Specifies the address family type.
VRF Name—Identifier of the VRF Name if the address family type is ipv4 vrf
Protocol—This is used to set the protocol whose routes are redistributed by BGP
Address Family. The redistribute configuration causes the corresponding routes to
be redistributed into BGP. Valid Protocol Names that can be redistributed are
connected, static, ospf, isis, igrp, eigrp, egp, rip, mobile, odr, dvmrp.
IS-IS Routing Level—This is used to choose the routing level of ISIS Protocol.
The values for this field are: level-1, level-2 or level-1-2 when protocol is ‘isis’.
Source ID—This is used to configure the Process ID of the redistributed protocol.
A Positive Integer will indicate the process id of the redistributed protocol; a
character string will indicate the ISO routing area tag. In case of protocols like
CONNECTED and STATIC this attribute cannot be configured.
Metric—This is used to configure the metric used for redistributed routes.
Note
You cannot configure a redistribute protocol for vpnv4 address families.
Action
Add Redistribute Entry—Clicking on the Add Redistribute Entry button, adds the
redistribution entry to the BGP Address Family on the device.
Remove Redistribute Entry—Clicking on the “Remove Redistribute Entry”
button, removes the redistribution entry from the BGP Address Family on the
device.
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Chapter 14 Routing
BGP Address-Family Status
BGP Address-Family Status
The BGP Address Family Status window displays the BGP address family
configurations existing on the device including basic BGP address family
parameters information, path information, peer information and redistribution
information. The BGP Address-Family Status section covers the following:
•
•
Viewing the BGP Address-Family Status window
To view the BGP Address-Family Status window, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Right click on the chassis and choose Fault>BGP>BGP Address-Family Status.
the BGP Address-Family Status window. The AF-General tab displays the BGP
address family parameters.
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BGP Address-Family Status
Figure 14-27 BGP Address-Family Status Window
Step 2
Choose a Chassis and the address family from the list box displayed on the left
side of the window. Choose the AF-Network tab, if required. The AF-Network tab
displays the network paths and the associated path information for the BGP
address family.
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BGP Address-Family Status
Figure 14-28 BGP Status—AF-Network Tab
Step 3
Choose the AF-Neighbor tab, if required. The AF-Neighbor tab displays the
neighbor information (peer) for a BGP address family.
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Chapter 14 Routing
BGP Address-Family Status
Figure 14-29 BGP Status—AF-Neighbor Tab
Step 4
Choose the AF-Redistribute tab, if required. The AF-Redistribute tab displays the
information about the redistribute protocols configured for a BGP address family.
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Chapter 14 Routing
BGP Address-Family Status
Figure 14-30 BGP Status—AF-Redistribute Tab
BGP Address-Family Status Window—Detailed Description
The BGP Address-Family Status window displays four tabs: AF-General,
AF-Network, AF-Neighbor and AF-Redistribute.
AF-General
The AF-General tab displays two areas: BGP General and BGP Address Family
Information.
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Chapter 14 Routing
BGP Address-Family Status
BGP General
Local Autonomous System—The id of the BGP process running in the device. If
the value is 0 it means no BGP process is running on the device.
BGP Address Family Information
Address Family—Unique identifier of the address family type.
VRF Name—Identifier of the VRF Name if the address family type is ipv4 vrf.
Auto Summary—Displays whether the automatic network number summarization
is enabled/disabled for the address family.
Synchronization—Displays whether the BGP synchronization with IGP is
enabled/disabled for the address family.
Default Metric—Displays the default metric value set for redistributed routes of
the address family.
AF-Network
The AF—Network tab displays a single area: Network Information.
Network Information
Network Address—An IP address prefix in the Network Layer Reachability
Information field. This object is an IP address containing the prefix with the
length specified by the Prefix Len attribute. Any bits beyond the length specified
by Network Mask attribute are zeroed.
Prefix Len—Length in bits of the IP address prefix in the network layer
reachability information field.
Path Origin—The ultimate origin of the network path information.
Next Hop Ip Address—The address of the border router that should be used for
the destination network.P
Metric—This metric is used to discriminate between multiple exit points to an
adjacent autonomous number. A value of -1 indicates the absence of this attribute.
Degree of Preference—The originating BGP4 speaker's degree of preference for
an advertised route. A value of -1 indicates the absence of this attribute.
Weightage—Specifies the BGP weight for the routing table.
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Chapter 14 Routing
BGP Address-Family Status
Best Route—Specifies whether the network path is the best possible route. When
set to true, it indicates that the network path is the best route for the router.
AF-Neighbor
The AF—Neighbor tab displays a single area: Neighbor Information.
Neighbor Information
Neighbor IP Address—Specifies the IP address of the neighbor router for the
address family.
Remote AS—Specifies the neighbor routers autonomous system number. This
value can range from1 to 65535.
Activate—Enables the neighbor to exchange prefixes for the specified family type
with the local router.
Neighbor Send Community—Specifies the community attribute sent in the route
updates to a peer. The default is not to send community attribute in route updates.
AF-Redistribute
The AF—Redistribute tab displays a single area: Redistribute Information.
Redistribute Information
Protocol—Displays the protocol whose routes are redistributed by BGP. The
redistribute configuration causes the corresponding routes to be redistributed into
BGP.
AS/Tag—Indicates the Process ID of the redistributed protocol. A Positive Integer
will indicate the process id of the redistributed protocol; a character string will
indicate the ISO routing area tag.
IS-IS Route Level—Specifies the routing level of ISIS Protocol.
Redistribution Metric—Displays the metric used for redistributed routes for this
address family.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Management
OSPF Management
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a TCP/IP internet routing protocol. OSPF is
classified as an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP). This means that it distributes
routing information between routers belonging to a single Autonomous System
(AS). The OSPF protocol is based on link-state or SPF technology based on
Dijkstra's algorithm. Each OSPF router maintains an identical database describing
the Autonomous System's topology. From this database, a routing table is
calculated by constructing a shortest-path tree.
OSPF has been designed expressly for the TCP/IP internet environment, including
explicit support for Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) and the tagging of
externally-derived routing information. OSPF also provides for the authentication
of routing updates, Variable Length Subnet Masks (VLSM), route summarization
and utilizes IP multicast when sending/receiving the updates. OSPF recalculates
routes quickly in the face of topological changes, utilizing a minimum of routing
protocol traffic.
OSPF Configuration
The OSPF Configuration window allows the user to enable or remove OSPF
configurations on a router. The OSPF configuration section covers the following
topics:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Configuration
Viewing the OSPF Configuration Window
To view the Config tab on the OSPF Configuration window for a chassis, proceed
as follows:
Step 1
Right click on the chassis object and choose Configuration>OSPF>OSPF
allow you to launch the OSPF Configuration window.
Figure 14-31 OSPF Configuration Window
Step 2
Choose the chassis from the left side of the window.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Configuration
Config Tab—Detailed Description
The Config tab displays two areas: Add OSPF, Remove OSPF and a listbox, OSPF
Process.
Config
Process ID—The OSPF process ID of the selected chassis.
OSPF Process—The OSPF processes currently configured for the selected
chassis.
Action
Add OSPF Process—Adds the OSPF Process and Network details (Network
Number, Network Mask and Area ID) to the selected chassis.
Remove OSPF Processes—Removes the OSPF Process from the selected chassis.
Adding an OSPF Process
This section explains the procedure to add an OSPF process to the device. To add
an OSPF process, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Open the OSPF configuration window. See “Viewing the OSPF Configuration
Window” section on page 14-69 for further details.
Step 2
Step 3
Enter an OSPF process id in the Process ID textbox.
Click on the Add OSPF Process button. An action report appears.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Configuration
Figure 14-32 Action Report
Note
The number of OSPF processes that can be created on a device depends
on the number of interfaces (with IP address) present on the device.
Removing an OSPF Process
This section explains the procedure to remove an OSPF process from the device.
To remove an OSPF process, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Open the OSPF configuration window. See “Viewing the OSPF Configuration
Window” section on page 14-69 for further details.
Step 2
Step 3
Choose the OSPF process from the OSPF Process list.
Click on the Remove OSPF Processes button. An action report appears.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Configuration
Figure 14-33 Remove OSPF—Alert
Step 4
Click on Yes to remove the OSPF process. An action report summarizing the
Remove OSPF operation is displayed.
Figure 14-34 Action Report
Note
Multiple OSPF processes can be selected and removed from the device.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Configuration
Viewing the Network Tab on the OSPF Configuration Window
The Network tab allows the use to view the network entries configured on the
device. To view the Network tab on the OSPF Configuration window for a chassis,
proceed as follows:
Step 1
Step 2
Right click on the chassis object and choose Configuration>OSPF>OSPF
allow you to launch the OSPF Configuration window.
Click on the Network tab.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Configuration
Figure 14-35 OSPF Configuration Window—Network Tab
Network Tab—Detailed Description
The Network tab displays a single area, Ospf Network.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Configuration
Ospf Network
Process ID—The OSPF process ID of the selected chassis.
Network Number—The Network Number for corresponding Process ID of the
selected chassis.
Network Mask—The Network Mask for corresponding Process ID of the selected
chassis.
Area ID—The Area ID for corresponding Process ID of the selected chassis.
Action
Configure Network—Opens another window Configure Network.
Configuring a Network
The Configure Network window allows the user to associate or disassociate a
network entry (IP address of interfaces) to the areas. To configure a network,
proceed as follows:
Step 1
Step 2
Open the OSPF configuration window. See “Viewing the OSPF Configuration
Window” section on page 14-69 for further details.
Choose the Network tab and click on the Configure Network button, the
Configure Network window appears.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Configuration
Figure 14-36 Configure Network Window
Step 3
To add a network, enter the values in the textboxes and click on the Add Network
button. An action report is displayed.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Configuration
Figure 14-37 Action Report
Step 4
To remove a network, enter the values in the textboxes and click on the Remove
Network button. An action report is displayed.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Configuration
Figure 14-38 Action Report
Configure Network—Detailed Description
The Configure Network window displays a single area: Configure Network.
Configure Network
Process ID—The OSPF process ID of the selected chassis.
Network Number—The Network Number for corresponding Process ID of the
selected chassis.
Network Mask—The Network Mask for corresponding Process ID of the selected
chassis.
Area ID—The Area ID for corresponding Process ID of the selected chassis.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Status
OSPF Status
The OSPF Status window displays the OSPF configurations for a device. The
OSPF Status section covers the following:
•
•
Viewing the OSPF Status Window
To view the OSPF status window for a chassis, proceed as follows:
Step 1
Right click on the chassis and choose Fault>OSPF>OSPF Status. See
Table 14-1 on page 14-2 for information on which objects allow you to launch the
OSPF Status window. The OSPF Status window appears with the General Group
tab displayed. The General tab displays the attributes that apply globally to the
OSPF processes configured on the router.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Status
Figure 14-39 OSPF Status Window
Step 2
Choose the Process Information tab, if required. The Process Information tab
displays Process Information tab displays two areas, Process Summary and
Network Details. The Process Summary details all processes that exist on the
device. This includes its Router id, number of areas configured, number of normal
areas, number of stub areas, and number of nssa areas. The Network Details lists
the networks configured on OSPF processes and also VRF/VPN instance
associated with OSPF process (if any). It includes associated VPN/ VRF Instance
(if any), Network entries (Network number, N/w Mask, Area id).
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Status
Figure 14-40 OSPF Status—Process Information Tab
Step 3
Choose the Area tab, if required. The Area tab displays the complete information
describing the configured parameters and cumulative statistics of one of the
router's attached areas.
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OSPF Status
Figure 14-41 OSPF Status—Area Tab
Step 4
Choose the Interface tab, if required. The Interface tab displays the complete
information about the interfaces and their statistics.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Status
Figure 14-42 OSPF Status—Interface Tab
Step 5
Choose the Neighbor tab, if required. The Neighbor tab displays all the neighbors
in the locality of the selected router.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Status
Figure 14-43 OSPF Status—Neighbor Tab
Step 6
Choose the Link State tab, if required. The Link State tab displays the Link State
Advertisements from the areas that the device is attached to.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Status
Figure 14-44 OSPF Status—Link State Tab
Step 7
Choose the Host tab, if required. The Host tab displays hosts that are directly
attached to the router, and their metrics and types of service advertised for them.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Status
Figure 14-45 OSPF Status—Host Tab
OSPF Status—Detailed Description
The OSPF Status window displays seven tabs: General Group, Process
information, Area, Interface, Neighbor, Link State and Host.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Status
General Group
The General Group tab displays a single area, General.
Router ID—Unique identifier of the router in the AS.
Version—Displays the current version number of the OSPF protocol
TOS Support—Specifies the router's support for type-of-service routing
External LSA Count—The number of external (LS type 5) link-state
advertisements in the link-state database.
Originated New LSA Count—The number of new link-state advertisements that
have been originated. This number is incremented each time the router originates
a new LSA.
Admin Status—The administrative status of the OSPF protocol in the router.
When the value is set to enabled, it signifies that the OSPF Process is active on at
least one interface and when the value is set to disabled, the OSPF process is
disabled on all the interfaces.
Received New LSA Count—The number of link-state advertisements received
determined to be new instantiations. This number does not include newer
instantiations of self-originated link-state advertisements.
AS Border Router—A flag to indicate whether this router is an Autonomous
System Border router.
Area Border Router—A flag to indicate whether this router is an area border
router.
ExternalLSA Checksum—LS checksums of the external link-state advertisements
contained in the link-state database. This sum can be used to determine if there
has been a change in a router's link state database, and to compare the link-state
database of two routers.
Process Information
Process Information tab displays two areas: Process Summary and Network
Details.
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OSPF Status
Process Summary
This table lists all processes that exist on the device. This includes its Router id,
number of areas configured, number of normal areas, number of stub areas, and
number of nssa areas.
Process Id—Unique identifier for a OSPF Process.
Router Id—Unique identifier of the router in the AS.
Domain Id—Domain Identifier, will be set when VRF is associated with this
OSPF Process.
No. of Areas Configured—Displays the count of total number of areas configured
on this OSPF Process.
Normal Areas—Displays the count of total number of "Normal" areas configured
on this OSPF Process.
Stub Areas—Displays the count of total number of "Stub" areas configured on
this OSPF Process.
Nssa Areas—Displays the count of total number of "nssa" areas configured on this
OSPF Process.
Network Details
This table lists the networks configured on OSPF processes and also VRF/VPN
instance associated with the OSPF process (if any). This includes associated VPN/
VRF Instance (if any), Network entries (Network number, N/w Mask, Area id).
Process Id—Unique identifier for a OSPF Process.
N/W IP Address—Network IP Address
Subnet Mask—Subnet Mask
Area Id—Area ID on which this process is configured.
VRF Associated—Associated VRF name (if any). else, "None".
Area
The Area tab displays three areas: Area, Stub Area and Area Range.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Status
Area
OSPF Area ID—Unique identifier of the area.
Auth Type—The authentication type specified for an area. Additional
authentication types may be assigned locally on a per Area basis.
Import AS Extern—The area's support for importing AS external link-state
advertisements.
SPF Runs—The number of times that the intra-area route table has been
calculated using this area's link-state database.
Area Border Router Count—The total number of area border routers reachable
within this area.
AS Border Router Count—The total number of Autonomous System border
routers reachable within this area.
Area LSA Count—The total number of link-state advertisements in this area's
link-state database, excluding AS External LSA's.
Area LSA Checksum—Link-state advertisements' LS checksums contained in
this area's link-state database.
Stub Area
Stub TOS—The Type of Service associated with the metric.
Stub Area ID—Unique identifier for a Stub area.
Stub Metric—The metric value applied at the indicated type of service. By
default, this equals the least metric at the type of service among the interfaces to
other areas.
Stub Status—This variable displays the validity or invalidity of the entry. When
this value is set to invalid, it has the effect of rendering it inoperative.
Area Range
Area Range ID—The Area the Address Range is to be found within.
Area Range Net—The IP Address of the Net or Subnet indicated by the range.
Area Range Mask—The Subnet Mask that pertains to the Net or Subnet.
Area Range Status—Displays the validity or invalidity of the entry. When this
value is set to invalid, it has the effect of rendering it inoperative.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Status
Interface
The Interface tab displays three areas: Interface, Interface Metric and Virtual
Interface.
Interface
Addressless Interface—Differentiates the addressless interfaces from the
addressed interfaces. When the value is set to zero, it signifies that the interface
has an IP address.
Interface IP Address—The IP address of the OSPF interface.
Interface Area ID—Unique identifier of the area to which the interface connects.
Area ID 0.0.0.0 is used for the OSPF backbone.
Interface Type—The type of the Interface.
Interface Admin Status—The OSPF interface's administrative status. When the
value is set to enabled, it signifies that the neighbor relationships may be formed
on the interface, and the interface is advertised as an internal route to some area.
When the value is set to disabled, it signifies that the interface is external to OSPF.
Router Priority—The priority of this interface. When the value is set to 0, it
signifies that the router is not eligible to become the designated router on this
particular network.
Transit Delay—The estimated number of seconds it takes to transmit a link- state
update packet over this interface.
Interface Retransmit Interval—The number of seconds between the link-state
advertisement
retransmissions, for adjacencies belonging to this interface.
This value is also used when retransmitting database description and link-state
request packets.
Hello Interval—The time interval, in seconds, between the Hello packets that the
router sends on the interface. This value must be the same for all the routers
attached to a common network.
Router Dead interval—The time interval, in seconds, during which a router's
Hello packets are not received before it's neighbors declare the router down. This
is a multiple of the Hello interval. This value must be the same for all the routers
attached to a common network.
Poll Interval—The larger time interval, in seconds, between the Hello packets sent
to an inactive non-broadcast multi-access neighbor.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Status
Interface State—The OSPF Interface State.
Designated Router—The IP Address of the Designated Router.
Backup Designated router—The IP Address of the Backup Designated Router.
Interface Events—The number of times this OSPF interface has changed its state,
or an error has occurred.
Interface Metric
Addressless Interface—Differentiates the addressless interfaces from the
addressed interfaces. When the value is set to zero, it signifies that the interface
has an IP address.
Interface Metric TOS—The type of service metric being referenced.
Interface Metric IP Address—The IP address of this OSPF interface.
Metric—The metric of using this type of service on this interface. The default
value of the TOS 0 Metric is 10^8 / ifSpeed.
Metric Status—Displays the validity or invalidity of the entry. Setting it to
'invalid' has the effect of rendering it inoperative.
Virtual Interface
Vir Interface Neighbor—The Router ID of the Virtual Neighbor.
Vir Interface Area ID—The Transit Area that the Virtual Link traverses.
Vir Interface Transit Delay—The estimated number of seconds it takes to transmit
a link- state update packet over this interface.
Vir Interface Retransmit Interval—The number of seconds between link-state
advertisement
retransmissions, for adjacencies belonging to this interface.
This value is also used when retransmitting the database description and link-state
request packets. This value should be greater than the expected round-trip time.
Vir Interface Hello Interval—The time interval, in seconds, between the Hello
packets that the router sends on the interface. This value must be the same for the
virtual neighbor.
Vir Interface Router Dead Interval—The time interval, in seconds, during which
a router's Hello packets are not received before it's neighbors declare the router
down. This is a multiple of the Hello interval. This value must be the same for the
virtual neighbor.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Status
Vir Interface State—Signifies the OSPF virtual interface states.
Vir Interface Events—The number of state changes or error events on this virtual
link.
Vir Interface Status—Displays the validity or invalidity of the entry. Setting it to
'invalid' has the effect of rendering it inoperative.
Neighbor
The Neighbor tab displays two areas: Neighbor and Virtual Neighbor.
Neighbor IP Address—The IP address of this Neighbor.
Neighbor
Addressless Interface—Differentiates the addressless interfaces from the
addressed interfaces. When the value is set to zero, it signifies that the interface
has an IP address.
Neighbor Router ID—Unique identifier of the neighboring router in the
Autonomous System.
Neighbor Options—A bit mask corresponding to the neighbor's options field.
When the value is set to 0, it indicates that the area accepts and operates on
external information. If the values is zero, it signifies a stub area. When the value
is set to 1, it indicates that the system operates on the type of service metrics other
than TOS 0. If the value is zero, the neighbor ignores all the metrics except the
TOS 0 metric.
Neighbor Priority—Signifies the priority of this neighbor in the designated router.
When the value is set to 0, it signifies that the neighbor is not eligible to become
the designated router on this particular network.
Neighbor State—The state of the relationship with this Neighbor.
Neighbor Events—The number of times this neighbor relationship has changed
state, or an error has occurred.
Neighbor LS Retransmit Q Len—The current length of the retransmission queue.
NBMA Neighbor Status—Displays the validity or invalidity of the entry. Setting
it to 'invalid' has the effect of rendering it inoperative.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Status
Virtual Neighbor
Vir Nbr Area—The identifier of the Transit Area.
Vir Nbr Router ID—An integer that uniquely identifies the neighboring router in
the Autonomous System.
Vir Nbr IPAddr—The IP address that is used by this Virtual Neighbor.
Vir Nbr Options—A bit map corresponding to the neighbor's options field. Thus,
Bit 1, if set, indicates that the neighbor supports Type of Service Routing; if zero,
no metrics other than TOS 0 are in use by the neighbor.
Vir Nbr State—The state of the Virtual Neighbor Relationship.
Vir Nbr Events—The number of times this virtual link has changed its state, or an
error has occurred.
Vir Nbr LS Retransmit Q Len—The current length of the retransmission queue.
Link State
The Link State tab displays a single area namely, Lsdb
Lsdb
LSBD LSID—The Link State ID is an LS Type Specific field containing either a
Router ID or an IP Address.
LSDB RouterID—Displays the number that uniquely identifies the originating
router in the Autonomous System.
LSDB Type—The type of the link state advertisement. Each link state type has a
separate advertisement format.
LSDB Area ID—Unique identifier of the Area from which the LSA was received.
LSDB Sequence—Detects the old and duplicate link state advertisements. The
larger the sequence number the more recent is the advertisement.
LSDB Age—Signifies the age of the link state advertisement in seconds.
LSDB Checksum—Displays the checksum of the complete contents of the
advertisement, except the age field.
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Chapter 14 Routing
OSPF Status
Host
The Host tab displays a single area namely, Hosts.
Hosts
Host TOS—The Type of Service of the route being configured.
Host IP Address—The IP Address of the Host
Host Metric—The Metric to be advertised.
Host Status—Displays the validity or invalidity of the entry. When this value is
set to invalid, it has the effect of rendering it inoperative.
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OSPF Status
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OSPF Status
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