Cisco Systems Network Card VISM User Manual

Cisco VISM Installation and Configuration

Guide

Release 3.0

June 2004

Corporate Headquarters

Cisco Systems, Inc.

170 West Tasman Drive

San Jose, CA 95134-1706

USA

http://www.cisco.com

Tel: 408 526-4000

800 553-NETS (6387)

Fax: 408 526-4100

Text Part Number: OL-2521-01 D0

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C O N T E N T S

Preface xiii

Objectives xiii

Audience xiii

Document Organization xiii

Related Documentation

•

Chapter 5, “CLI Commands,” describes the syntax and semantics of each VISM command line

interface command.

•

Chapter 6, “Troubleshooting Tips,” describes VISM troubleshooting tools and techniques.

Appendix A, “VISM and VISM-PR Card Clocking Options,” describes clocking configuration for

both the VISM card and MGX 8000 Series platform PXM cards.

•

Appendix B, “VISM and VISM-PR—3.0 Specifications,” describes the specifications of VISM

Release 3.0.

Related Documentation

The following sections describe documentation you may need to reference as you use the VISM product.

Cisco MGX 8850 (PXM45) Multiservice Switch Release 3

The documentation for the installation and operation of the MGX 8850 Multiservice Switch for Release

3 is listed in T a ble 1.

Table 1

Cisco MGX 8850 (PXM45) Multiservice Switch Release 3 Documentation

Title

Description

Cisco MGX 8850 Hardware Installation Guide, Release 3 Describes how to install the MGX 8850 multiservice switch.

(PXM45/B and PXM1E)

This guide explains what the switch does and covers site

preparation, grounding, safety, card installation, and cabling.

The MGX 8850 switch uses either a PXM45 or a PXM1E

controller card and provides support for both broadband and

narrow band service modules.

Cisco MGX 8850, MGX 8950, and MGX 8830 Command Describes how to use the PXM and AXSM commands that are

Reference (PXM45/B and PXM1E), Release 3

available for the MGX 8850, MGX 8950, and MGX 8830

switches.

Cisco Frame Relay Software Configuration Guide and

Command Reference for the MGX 8850 FRSM12 Card,

Release 3

Describes how to use the high-speed Frame Relay (FRSM12)

commands that are available for the MGX 8850 switch.

Cisco MGX 8850 (PXM45) and MGX 8950 Software

Configuration Guide, Release 3

Describes how to configure MGX 8850 and MGX 8950 switches

with PXM45 controller cards to operate as ATM edge or core

switches. This guide also provides some operation and

maintenance procedures.

Cisco MGX and SES PNNI Network Planning Guide for Provides guidelines for planning a PNNI network that uses the

MGX Release 3 and SES Release 3

MGX 8850 and the MGX 8950 switches and the BPX 8600

switches. When connected to a PNNI network, each BPX 8600

series switch requires a SES for PNNI route processing.

Cisco MGX Route Processor Module (RPM-XF)

Installation and Configuration Guide, Release 3

Describes how to install and configure the MGX Route Processor

Module (RPM-XF) in the MGX 8850 Release 3 switch. Also

provides site preparation, troubleshooting, maintenance, cable

and connector specifications, and basic Cisco IOS configuration

information.

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Preface

Related Documentation

Table 1

Cisco MGX 8850 (PXM45) Multiservice Switch Release 3 Documentation (continued)

Title

Description

Cisco MGX Route Processor Module (RPM-PR)

Installation and Configuration Guide, Release 2.1

Describes how to install and configure the MGX Route Processor

Module (RPM-PR) in the MGX 8850 Release 2.1 and later

switches. Also provides site preparation, troubleshooting,

maintenance, cable and connector specifications, and basic

Cisco IOS configuration information.

Release Notes for Cisco MGX Route Processor Module

Provides the latest feature, upgrade, and compatibility

(RPM/B and RPM-PR) for Release 1.2.10 and Release 3 information, as well as known and resolved anomalies for

RPM-PR.

MGX 8850 (PXM1) Multiservice Switch Release 1.2.10

The documentation for the installation and operation of the MGX 8850 (PXM1) Multiservice Switch is

listed in Table 2.

Table 2

MGX 8850 (PXM1) Multiservice Switch Release 1.2.10 Documentation

Title

Description

Cisco MGX 8850 Multiservice Switch Installation and

Configuration, Release 1.1.3

Provides installation instructions for the MGX 8850 multiservice

switch.

Cisco MGX 8800 Series Switch Command Reference,

Release 1.1.3

Provides detailed information on the general command line for

the MGX 8850 switch.

Cisco MGX 8800 Series Switch System Error Messages, Provides error message descriptions and recovery procedures.

Release 1.1.3

Cisco MGX 8850 Multiservice Switch Overview,

Release 1.1.3

Provides a technical description of the system components and

functionality of the MGX 8850 multiservice switch from a

technical perspective.

Cisco MGX Route Processor Module Installation and

Configuration Guide, Release 1.1

Describes how to install and configure the MGX Route Processor

Module (RPM/B and RPM-PR) in the MGX 8850, MGX 8250,

and MGX 8230 Release 1 switch. Also provides site preparation,

troubleshooting, maintenance, cable and connector

specifications, and basic Cisco IOS configuration information.

Release Notes for Cisco MGX 8230, MGX 8250, and

Provides new feature, upgrade, and compatibility information, as

MGX 8850 (Release 1), Software Version 1.2.10 (PXM1) well as known and resolved anomalies.

Release Notes for Cisco MGX Route Processor Module

Provides new feature, upgrade, and compatibility information, as

(RPM/B and RPM-PR) for Release 1.2.10 and Release 3 well as known and resolved anomalies.

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Preface

Related Documentation

MGX 8250 Edge Concentrator Release 1.2.10

The documentation for the installation and operation of the MGX 8250 Edge Concentrator is listed in

Table 3.

Table 3

MGX 8250 Edge Concentrator Release 1.2.10 Documentation

Title

Description

Cisco MGX 8250 Edge Concentrator Installation and

Configuration, Release 1.1.3

Provides installation instructions for the MGX 8250 Edge

Concentrator.

Cisco MGX 8250 Multiservice Gateway Command

Reference, Release 1.1.3

Provides detailed information on the general command line

interface commands.

Cisco MGX 8250 Multiservice Gateway Error Messages, Provides error message descriptions and recovery procedures.

Release 1.1.3

Cisco MGX 8250 Edge Concentrator Overview,

Release 1.1.3

Describes the system components and functionality of the

MGX 8250 Edge Concentrator from a technical perspective.

Cisco MGX Route Processor Module Installation and

Configuration Guide, Release 1.1

Describes how to install and configure the MGX Route Processor

Module (RPM/B and RPM-PR) in the MGX 8850, MGX 8250,

and MGX 8230 Release 1 switch. Also provides site preparation,

troubleshooting, maintenance, cable and connector specifications,

and basic Cisco IOS configuration information.

Release Notes for Cisco MGX 8230, MGX 8250, and

Provides new feature, upgrade, and compatibility information, as

MGX 8850 (Release 1), Software Version 1.2.10 (PXM1) well as known and resolved anomalies.

Release Notes for Cisco MGX Route Processor Module Provides new feature, upgrade, and compatibility information, as

(RPM/B and RPM-PR) for Release 1.2.10 and Release 3 well as known and resolved anomalies.

MGX 8230 Edge Concentrator Release 1.2.10

The documentation for the installation and operation of the MGX 8230 Edge Concentrator is listed in

Table 4.

Table 4

MGX 8230 Edge Concentrator Documentation

Title

Description

Cisco MGX 8230 Edge Concentrator Installation and

Configuration, Release 1.1.3

Provides installation instructions for the MGX 8230 Edge

Concentrator.

Cisco MGX 8230 Multiservice Gateway Command

Reference, Release 1.1.3

Provides detailed information on the general command line

interface commands.

Cisco MGX 8230 Multiservice Gateway Error Messages, Provides error message descriptions and recovery procedures.

Release 1.1.3

Cisco MGX 8230 Edge Concentrator Overview,

Release 1.1.3

Provides a technical description of the system components and

functionality of the MGX 8250 Edge Concentrator from a

technical perspective.

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Preface

Conventions

Table 4

MGX 8230 Edge Concentrator Documentation (continued)

Title

Description

Cisco MGX Route Processor Module Installation and

Configuration Guide, Release 1.1

Describes how to install and configure the MGX Route Processor

Module (RPM/B and RPM-PR) in the MGX 8850, MGX 8250,

and MGX 8230 Release 1 switch. Also provides site preparation,

troubleshooting, maintenance, cable and connector specifications,

and basic Cisco IOS configuration information.

Release Notes for Cisco MGX 8230, MGX 8250, and

Provides new feature, upgrade, and compatibility information, as

MGX 8850 (Release 1), Software Version 1.2.10 (PXM1) well as known and resolved anomalies.

Release Notes for Cisco MGX Route Processor Module Provides new feature, upgrade, and compatibility information, as

(RPM/B and RPM-PR) for Release 1.2.10 and Release 3 well as known and resolved anomalies.

The documentation listed in Table 5 contain additional information related to the operation of the Cisco

VISM product.

Table 5

Cisco VISM Related Documentation

Document

Description

Cisco MGX 8850 Multiservice Switch Installation

and Configuration, Release 1.1.31

Cisco MGX 8850 shelf installation procedures—refer to the sections

describing the installation and configuration of the PXM1 card.

Cisco MGX 8800 Series Switch Command

Reference, Release 1.1.31

Cisco MGX 8800 shelf command line interface commands—refer to

the commands that apply to the PXM1 card.

Cisco MGX 8250 Edge Concentrator Installation

and Configuration, Release 1.1.31

Cisco MGX 8250 shelf installation procedures—refer to the sections

describing the installation and configuration of the PXM1 card.

Cites MGX 8250 Multiservice Gateway Command

Reference, Release 1.1.31

Cisco MGX 8250 shelf command line interface commands—refer to

the commands that apply to the PXM1 card.

Cisco MGX 8230 Edge Concentrator Installation

and Configuration, Release 1.1.31

Cisco MGX 8230 shelf installation procedures—refer to the sections

describing the installation and configuration of the PXM1 card.

Cisco MGX 8230 Multiservice Gateway Command Cisco MGX 8230 shelf command line interface commands—refer to

Reference, Release 1.1.31 the commands that apply to the PXM1 card.

1.1.32 Version Software Release Notes Cisco WAN Hardware and software feature upgrades for the Cisco MGX 8850,

MGX 8850, 8230, and 8250 Software

MGX 8230, and MGX 8250.

Conventions

This publication uses the following conventions to describe commands:

•

Bold type—indicates command names and user entry text.

Italic type—indicates arguments for which you supply values.

| |—vertical bars indicate optional arguments.

This publication uses the following conventions to describe examples:

• Courierfont—indicates terminal sessions and system display information.

• Courier bold font—indicates user entry.

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Preface

Obtaining Documentation

Note

Means reader take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to materials not contained

in this manual.

Caution

Means reader be careful. In this situation, you might do something that could result in equipment

damage or loss of data.

Obtaining Documentation

Cisco documentation and additional literature are available on Cisco.com. Cisco also provides several

ways to obtain technical assistance and other technical resources. These sections explain how to obtain

technical information from Cisco Systems.

Cisco.com

You can access the most current Cisco documentation on the World Wide Web at this URL:

http://www.cisco.com/univercd/home/home.htm

You can access the Cisco website at this URL:

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International Cisco websites can be accessed from this URL:

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You can order Cisco documentation in these ways:

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Documentation Feedback

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Preface

Obtaining Technical Assistance

You can submit comments by using the response card (if present) behind the front cover of your

document or by writing to the following address:

Cisco Systems

Attn: Customer Document Ordering

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San Jose, CA 95134-9883

We appreciate your comments.

Obtaining Technical Assistance

For all customers, partners, resellers, and distributors who hold valid Cisco service contracts, the Cisco

Technical Assistance Center (TAC) provides 24-hour-a-day, award-winning technical support services,

online and over the phone. Cisco.com features the Cisco TAC website as an online starting point for

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Cisco TAC Website

The Cisco TAC website provides online documents and tools for troubleshooting and resolving technical

issues with Cisco products and technologies. The Cisco TAC website is available 24 hours a day, 365

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Accessing all the tools on the Cisco TAC website requires a Cisco.com user ID and password. If you

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Opening a TAC Case

Using the online TAC Case Open Tool is the fastest way to open P3 and P4 cases. (P3 and P4 cases are

those in which your network is minimally impaired or for which you require product information.) After

you describe your situation, the TAC Case Open Tool automatically recommends resources for an

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assigned to a Cisco TAC engineer. The online TAC Case Open Tool is located at this URL:

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For P1 or P2 cases (P1 and P2 cases are those in which your production network is down or severely

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To open a case by telephone, use one of the following numbers:

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For a complete listing of Cisco TAC contacts, go to this URL:

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Preface

Obtaining Additional Publications and Information

TAC Case Priority Definitions

To ensure that all cases are reported in a standard format, Cisco has established case priority definitions.

Priority 1 (P1)—Your network is “down” or there is a critical impact to your business operations. You

and Cisco will commit all necessary resources around the clock to resolve the situation.

Priority 2 (P2)—Operation of an existing network is severely degraded, or significant aspects of your

business operation are negatively affected by inadequate performance of Cisco products. You and Cisco

will commit full-time resources during normal business hours to resolve the situation.

Priority 3 (P3)—Operational performance of your network is impaired, but most business operations

remain functional. You and Cisco will commit resources during normal business hours to restore service

to satisfactory levels.

Priority 4 (P4)—You require information or assistance with Cisco product capabilities, installation, or

configuration. There is little or no effect on your business operations.

Obtaining Additional Publications and Information

Information about Cisco products, technologies, and network solutions is available from various online

and printed sources.

•

Cisco Marketplace provides a variety of Cisco books, reference guides, and logo merchandise. Go

to this URL to visit the company store:

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Cisco Press publishes a wide range of general networking, training and certification titles. Both new

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information, go to Cisco Press online at this URL:

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•

Packet magazine is the Cisco quarterly publication that provides the latest networking trends,

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most from their networking investment. Included are networking deployment and troubleshooting

tips, configuration examples, customer case studies, tutorials and training, certification information,

and links to numerous in-depth online resources. You can access Packet magazine at this URL:

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iQ Magazine is the Cisco bimonthly publication that delivers the latest information about Internet

business strategies for executives. You can access iQ Magazine at this URL:

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•

Internet Protocol Journal is a quarterly journal published by Cisco Systems for engineering

professionals involved in designing, developing, and operating public and private internets and

intranets. You can access the Internet Protocol Journal at this URL:

http://www.cisco.com/ipj

Training—Cisco offers world-class networking training. Current offerings in network training are

listed at this URL:

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/learning/index.html

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C H A P T E R

Overview of the VISM and VISM-PR Cards

This chapter provides a general introduction to VISM and VISM-PR and describes the hardware and

software modules, and installation procedures. The following topics are described:

•

“VISM and VISM-PR Card Types” section on page 1-1

“VISM and VISM-PR Card Physical Characteristics” section on page 1-5

“VISM and VISM-PR Card Features” section on page 1-6

“Installing VISM Hardware and Software” section on page 1-13

“Software Upgrades” section on page 1-20

Note

The term VISM is used to refer to the product software—either for the VISM card or for the

VISM-PR card. The terms VISM and VISM-PR are used when discussing hardware only.

The VISM card, in combination with a Cisco MGX 8000 Series platform, enables telephone calls on

conventional time-division multiplexed (TDM) voice circuits to be transported over an Asynchronous

Transfer Mode (ATM) packet-switched and VoIP networks. The VISM card is a single height card

designed to operate in the following platforms:

•

Cisco MGX 8850 Release 1, wide area switch

Cisco MGX 8250, edge concentrator

Cisco MGX 8230, edge concentrator

Note

VISM is not supported on the Cisco MGX 8260 switch.

VISM and VISM-PR Card Types

VISM and VISM-PR cards are installed in Cisco MGX 8000 Series switches as front cards and their

associated back cards—card sets. There are two types of VISM front cards (see Figure 1-1):

•

AX-VISM-8T1—Supports up to eight T1 lines carrying digitized voice

AX-VISM-8E1—Supports up to eight E1 lines carrying digitized voice

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Chapter 1 Overview of the VISM and VISM-PR Cards

VISM and VISM-PR Card Types

Note

Using the Service Resource Module (SRM) and the 1:N redundancy features, other physical

configurations are supported. Refer to the “VISM and VISM-PR Card Features” section on page 1-6

for more details.

Figure 1-1 VISM T1 and E1 Front Cards

CLEI code label

ACT

STBY

FAIL

ACT

STBY

FAIL

PORT 1

PORT 2

PORT 3

PORT 1

PORT 2

PORT 3

PORT 4

PORT 5

PORT 4

PORT 5

PORT 6

PORT 7

PORT 8

PORT 6

PORT 7

PORT 8

VISM

8T1

8E1

T1 front card

E1 front card

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Chapter 1 Overview of the VISM and VISM-PR Cards

VISM and VISM-PR Card Types

There are two types of VISM-PR front cards (see Figure 1-2):

•

MGX-VISM-PR-8T1—Supports up to eight T1 lines carrying digitized voice

MGX-VISM-PR-8E1—Supports up to eight E1 lines carrying digitized voice

Figure 1-2 VISM-PR T1 and E1 Front Cards

Card Extractor

Release Slot

CLEI

Code Label

Card

Extractor

Handle

ACT

STBY

FAIL

ACT

STBY

FAIL

PORT

Status

LEDs

PORT

VISM

PR-8T1

VISM

PR-8T1

The VISM and VISM-PR front cards have the same associated back cards. There are two types of

VISM/VISM-PR T1 back cards (see Figure 1-3):

•

AX-RJ48-8T1—Supports eight T1 lines using RJ-48 connectors; use with a T1 front card.

AX-R-RJ48-8T1—Supports eight T1 lines; use with a redundant T1 front card.

There are four types of VISM/VISM-PR E1 back cards (see Figure 1-3):

•

AX-RJ48-8E1—Supports eight E1 lines using RJ-48 connectors; use with an E1 front card.

AX-R-RJ48-8E1—Supports eight E1 lines; use with a redundant E1 front card.

AX-SMB-8E1—Supports eight E1 lines using SMB connectors; use with an E1 front card.

AX-R-SMB-8E1—Supports eight E1 lines; use with a redundant E1 front card.

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Chapter 1 Overview of the VISM and VISM-PR Cards

VISM and VISM-PR Card Types

Figure 1-3 VISM T1 and E1 Back Cards

RJ48-8T1

RJ48-8E1

SMB-8E1

RX1

R-RJ48-8T1

R-RJ48-8E1

R-SMB-8E1

TX1

RX2

TX2

RX3

TX3

RX4

TX4

RX5

TX5

RX6

TX6

RX7

TX7

RX8

TX8

Redundant

T1-RJ48

Redundant

E1-RJ48

Redundant

E1-SMB

T1-RJ48

E1-RJ48

E1-SMB

The VISM or VISM-PR card and MGX 8000 Series switch combination provides an interface, or voice

gateway, between conventional TDM networks and packet-switched networks (see Figure 1-4).

Figure 1-4 Cisco MGX 8850 and VISM as a Voice Gateway

PBX or

Central Office

MGX 8850

with

VISM

T1/E1

Packet Network

(IP/ATM)

Voice/TDM Networks

Packet Networks

Connection to the packet network is performed by Cisco MGX 8000 Series switch Processor Module

cards—PXM1, PXM1E, and PXM45—which communicate with a VISM card through the switch’s

midplane cellbus. Refer to the documents listed in Table 5 of the “Related Documentation” section on

page xiv for more information on the MGX 8000 Series switch midplane cellbus.

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Chapter 1 Overview of the VISM and VISM-PR Cards

VISM and VISM-PR Card Physical Characteristics

VISM and VISM-PR Card Service Types

VISM cards are configured with the following service types:

•

Constant bit rate (CBR)

Note

CBR is not supported with a combination of a PXM1 with either an RPM or external

router.

•

Variable bit rate real time, VBR (RT)

VBR non-real time (NRT)

VISM-PR card connections with the RPM-PR card requires the VBR (NRT) 3 service type on the

PXM1E and PXM45 platforms.

If you are using a VISM-PR card in combination with a PXM1E, PXM45, or RPM-PR card, you must

use the VBR (NRT) 3 selection when adding a connection.

The following connection service types can be configured with VISM 3.0 and higher:

•

VBR (RT) 2

VBR (RT) 3

VBR (NRT) 2

VISM and VISM-PR Card Physical Characteristics

VISM cards are equipped with the following:

•

Eight T1 or E1 ports

Digital signal processors (DSPs)

High-level data link control (HDLC) framer

Broadband interface to the packet network

VISM Card Architecture

VISM card architecture provides the following:

•

Flexibility that allows the incorporation of new or improved technology as it becomes available.

Application flexibility that allows VISM to be used in a range of situations that provide

interoperability with a wide variety of equipment types.

•

Modularity that allows equipment to be purchased and installed as it is needed for scalability.

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Chapter 1 Overview of the VISM and VISM-PR Cards

VISM and VISM-PR Card Features

Figure 1-5 shows a simplified diagram of the VISM architecture and its major components.

Figure 1-5 VISM Card Block Diagram

VISM

Main CPU

(Control)

Cellbus

Framers

8 T1/E1 lines

Digital

from PBX or

PXM

SAR

Signal

Central Office

Processors

OC-3 to ATM

Packet Network

HDLC

Processor

Secondary CPU

(Datamover)

The card is broadly divided into a TDM side and an ATM side. The T1/E1 framers, the array of DSPs,

and the HDLC processor support the TDM side. The ATM adaptation layer (AAL) and the segmentation

and reassembly (SAR) sections support the ATM side.

VISM is under the control of two independent processors. The main processor performs the control

tasks—configuration, call setup and teardown, and management. The second processor, the datamover,

handles the moving and processing of the voice and voiceband data traffic through the system.

The VISM card itself contains no ports for the connection of management stations. Workstations, PCs,

or terminals used to manage VISM must be attached via the PXM card which provides both serial

EIA/TIA-232 and Ethernet ports.

VISM and VISM-PR Card Features

VISM cards process high-density digital voice circuits and provide dynamic compression, echo

cancellation, dejittering, silence suppression, and packetization. The VISM card uses the following

features which you can configure:

•

Eight standard T1 or E1 interfaces with the following line coding:

–

Bipolar 8-zero substitution (B8ZS)—for T1

Alternate mark inversion (AMI)—for T1

High density bipolar 3 (HDB3)—for E1

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•

Voice over ATM (VoATM) using AAL2 cells—No Logical Link Control/Subnetwork Access

Protocol (LLC/SNAP) encapsulation.

Note

Multiplexing is not supported for AAL2 SVCs.

•

VoIP using AAL5 cells to RFC 1889.

Extended Superframe (ESF) framing with or without cyclic redundancy check (CRC).

Pulse code modulation (PCM) A/Mu law codecs.

Programmable 24, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128 ms tail delay near end ECAN.

Voice compression with the following standards:

–

G.711

G.726-16k

G.726-24k

G.726-32k

G.726-40k

G.729a

G.729ab

G.723.1-H

G.723.1a-H

G.723.1-L

G.723.1a-L

Note

The G.723.1 codecs are not supported in combination with the VISM card. The G.723.1

codecs are supported with the VISM-PR card.

•

Nx64 clear channel (N = 1 only) support.

Voice activity detection (VAD) and comfort noise generation (CNG) using variable threshold energy

(Cisco proprietary).

•

Call agent Simple Gateway Control Protocol (SGCP) Version 1.0, 1.1, 1.5, SGCP 1.1+, 1.5, and

Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) 0.1 and 1.0.

Backhauling channel associated signaling (CAS) signaling to a call agent using xGCP (backhauling

can be accomplished with any supported SGCP and MGCP protocol).

Backhauling Primary Rate Interface (PRI) signaling via Reliable User Datagram Protocol (RUDP)

to a call agent.

•

Common channel signaling (CCS) transport across an AAL5 trunk.

Fax and modem VoIP bearer transmissions.

Dual (redundant) virtual circuits across the packet network.

Full continuity testing (COT). Supports origination and terminating loopback and transponder COT

between VISM and the central office on the TDM side.

•

Loop timing, which can be used as the master clock for the entire MGX 8000 Series platform and

local clock.

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•

Line loopback (DS1) toward the TDM lines.

Channel loopback (DS0) toward both the TDM lines and the ATM network.

Transmission and reception of bit error rate tester (BERT) signals over loopbacked lines.

Redundant alarm indication signal (RAI) and alarm indication signal (AIS) alarms.

Extracting a DS0 CCS channel and directing it to the TDM signaling function.

1:N cold redundancy using subrate multiplexing (SRM)-3T3 (bulk mode support for T1 lines only)

and SRM-E (for OC3) capabilities. Calls do not persist during switchover.

•

Graceful shutdown of ongoing voice calls when the VISM is taken out of service for maintenance

or other reasons. Forced shutdown is also supported.

Caution

A forced shutdown of the VISM or VISM-PR card may result in dropped calls.

Redundancy and Bulk Distribution

Redundancy for VISM cards with or without bulk distribution can be provided through the Service

Redundancy Module (SRM) and SRM-E. Redundancy for VISM is also provided by Media Gateway

Controller (MGC) redundancy groups. VISM redundancy is cold redundancy in which ongoing calls do

not persist during switchover.

Note

SRM-E is supported with PXM1 and PXM1E cards only.

Redundancy with bulk distribution requires a spare VISM card to be installed. The system uses the three

T3 ports of the SRM back card instead of the normal T1 lines on the VISM back cards. VISM cards in

bulk distribution mode do not require back cards.

The TDM voice data transmitted or received over the T3 ports are distributed to the VISM card as if they

had been received over VISM T1 back card ports in the normal manner. This feature reduces the number

of physical lines required to support VISM, but requires external equipment to multiplex and

demultiplex the T1 data onto the T3 lines.

With or without bulk distribution, redundancy allows for the spare VISM card to automatically take over

the functions of a failed VISM card. When the failed card is repaired, switching back to the repaired card

is not automatic. You must manually change the repaired card back to the active state with the command

line interface. See Chapter 4, “Configuring VISM Features.”

Note

1:1 redundancy using Y-cables is not supported by VISM.

Redundancy can also be configured at the ATM permanent virtual circuits (PVCs) level. Two separate

PVCs can be set up, each using a different PXM physical port and each routed to a separate router.

Configure one PVC as active and the other as standby. Both PVCs are monitored by heartbeat OAM F5

loopback cells every 200 ms. If three consecutive OAM cells are lost, the PVC fails, and only the

remaining PVC is active. A PVC will recover automatically when five consecutive OAM cells are

received while the PVC remains in standby mode (no automatic fallback to active state is provided).

Control and bearer PVCs can be set up with a redundant PVC.

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Operating Modes

The VISM/VISM-PR card performs in the following operating modes:

•

Voice over IP (VoIP) switching/trunking

Switched AAL1 switched virtual circuits (SVCs)

Switched AAL2 SVC

Switched AAL2 PVC—this mode is not supported in VISM Release 3.0

AAL2 trunking

VoIP and switched ATM AAL1 SVC

The VISM/VISM-PR card, in order to support the operating modes, supports connections to three major

interfaces:

•

Voice TDM network

ATM network

Call agent—signaling (either CAS or CCS but not both) and call control

In VoIP switching, switched AAL2 PVC, AAL1 SVC, and AAL2 SVC modes, all three of these

interfaces are always present and active. In AAL2 trunking mode, the interface to the call agent interface

is not present and the only active interfaces are to the TDM network and the ATM network.

The operating modes, combined with features you configure, are used by VISM cards in a wide variety

of telephony applications. For example:

•

Provide many of the functions of a tandem (Class 4) switch. VISM can be used to replace, or

partially offload, a Tandem switch by directing calls over a packet network rather than the

conventional voice TDM network.

•

Concentrate voice and data user services onto a single broadband circuit for transmission over the

packet network. In this application, VISM performs as a front end to a voice gateway.

The VISM/MGX combination is used to concentrate voice (and fax/modem voiceband data) user

services over a preprovisioned AAL2 trunk. VISM passes bearer and signaling data across a packet

network and does not perform call setup and teardown functions.

VoIP Switching and Switched AAL2 PVC Operating Modes

In VoIP switching mode and switched AAL2 PVC mode, VISM operates under the control of a call agent

to set up and tear down calls. When a call is set up, VISM transports voice payloads over an ATM

network to the called station destination. VISM performs either as a voice gateway or as a multiservice

access front end to a voice gateway.

Note

This document refers to the device that provides the interface between VISM and the telephone

Signaling System 7 (SS7) as a call agent. Other terms that describe the same device are Virtual

Switch Controller, Media Gateway Controller, and Gatekeeper.

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Figure 1-6 shows the major functional blocks and interfaces for the VoIP switching and switched AAL2

PVC operating modes.

Figure 1-6 VISM Block Diagram for VoIP Switching and Switched AAL2 PVC Operating Modes

VISM

CCS (Q.931)

Call

Agent

CAS (xGCP)

xGCP

CCS

Connection

Handling

CAS/CCS

Processing

CCS

TDM Line

Handling

Connection Setup

Teardown

T1/E1 Lines

CAS

Voice

CAS

Voice

Bearer

Processing

Voice payload

To ATM

Network

ATM Processing

The CAS signaling path on the TDM side is embedded in the voice stream but is separated at the bearer

processing function. The CAS signaling then joins the CCS signaling path for CAS/CCS processing and

is backhauled to the call agent. The path between the call agent and bearer processing, via a connection

handling function, is for call setup and teardown.

Voice TDM Network Interface

The voice payload path is shown as a solid line along the bottom of Figure 1-6. All external TDM

streams arrive and depart on the T1/E1 lines. Depending on the application, these streams consist of

voice bearer channels (with or without CAS signaling) and separate CCS channels (if CCS signaling is

used). The TDM line handling function provides the physical layer interface, which includes framing,

line codes, clocking, loopbacks, physical alarms, etc. Bearer channels, including CAS, are sent to the

bearer processing function. CCS channels are sent to the CAS/CCS processing function.

Further processing of the bearer channels is performed by the DSPs. This processing provides ECAN,

compression, A/Mu law conversion, silence suppression, and fax/modem handling. If CAS signaling is

present, signaling bits are extracted at the DSP stage and sent to the CAS/CCS processing function.

ATM Network Interface

The ATM processing function receives the processed DS0 voice streams and prepares them for transport

over a packet network. The voice streams are divided into specific sample periods (for example, 5 ms or

10 ms) and formatted into service specific convergence sublayer (SSCS) packets appropriate for the

method of transport over the ATM network. The available transport methods are VoIP (using AAL5) and

voice over AAL2. Processing of the ATM packets further segments the voice payload into ATM cells for

transport over the network using a SONET port on the PXM card.

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Call Agent Interface

The call agent interface consists of CAS signaling or CCS signaling and call control. The path between

the call agent and bearer processing, via a connection handling function, is for call setup and teardown.

The CAS signaling path on the TDM side is embedded in the voice stream (bearer DS0s) and is separated

at the bearer processing function. The CAS signaling (robbed bits, digits, and tones) is passed to the

CAS/CCS processing function where it is passed (backhauled) to the call agent under the control of the

call agent. The mechanism for communicating between VISM and the call agent is a gateway control

protocol:

•

MGCP

SGCP

SRCP

The separate CCS signaling path channels are passed to the CAS/CCS processing function and

backhauled to the call agent. The CCS signaling is transported as ISDN Q.931 messages both on the

TDM side and on the call agent side. On the TDM side, the messages are carried in the Q.921 layer

protocol (which terminates at the VISM card). On the call agent side, communication with the call agent

consists of Q.931 messages encapsulated in RUDP/UDP/IP packets. The Q.931 connection is terminated

at the call agent and not at the VISM card.

The call control path uses MGCP, SGCP, and SRCP for call setup and teardown. Because signaling and

call control are so intertwined, both call control and CAS use the same path and protocol for the VISM

card to call agent communications.

AAL2 Trunking Operating Mode

In the AAL2 trunking operating mode, the VISM card serves as an access to one or more trunks to

preprovisioned locations. VISM may be used at both ends of the trunk, or at one end with a compatible

device at the other. In AAL2 trunking mode, VISM plays no part in call setup and teardown. Other

network elements handle call control while VISM merely handles voice transport over the trunks.

Figure 1-7 shows the major functional blocks for the AAL2 trunking operating mode.

Figure 1-7 VISM Block Diagram for the AAL2 Trunking Operating Mode

VISM

CCS

Processing

CCS

CAS

CCS

CAS

ATM

Processing

TDM Line

Handling

To ATM

Trunk

T1/E1 Lines

Bearer

Processing

Voice

The AAL2 trunking mode is less complex than the VoIP switching and AAL2 PVC switched modes

because there is no call control involved—and no need for a call agent.

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The voice bearer path is treated in the same manner as in the VoIP switching and AAL2 PVC modes,

except that only preprovisioned AAL2 PVCs are available for transport of voice over the trunks. The

CAS signaling data is transported over the ATM network in the same AAL2 trunk as Type 3 messages.

The CCS signaling data is transported over the ATM network in a separate AAL5 PVC.

VoIP Trunking Operating Mode

The Voice over IP (VoIP) trunking feature allows the VISM to connect to the PBX, or central office

digital systems, using T1/E1 digital interfaces and converts the TDM bit stream into RTP packets, after

ECAN and compression, and transports it over the IP network.

No call agent is required for setting up and tearing down calls. You must configure the DS0 circuits. The

connection between VISM and the first router will be ATM after which it will be IP only. VISM and the

router can have one or multiple PVCs to transport the data. You have the option to configure PVC for

bearer or control. If the PVC is configured as bearer and no control PVC exists, then PRI signal traffic

and bearer traffic will go through this PVC. If you configure separate PVCs for control and bearer, PRI

signaling will go through control traffic only. You can modify some of the connection parameters after

it is added.

CAS is transported to the far end using a Cisco proprietary format (not NSEs). PRI is transported over

RUDP to the far end once the trunk is provisioned between the originating and terminating VISM.

PRI transport is handled in a way identical to PRI backhaul except that the PRI traffic is sent to remote

gateway instead of a call agent. You can configure one line for PRI trunking and another line for PRI

backhauling.

You must provision the LAPD trunk when using this feature. You must configure a line number, remote

gateway IP address, local UDP port, and remote gateway UDP port, and then open a trunk. You must

then configure the D-channel as a trunk or backhaul:

•

To configure the D channel as trunk, use the addlapdtrunk command prior to the addlapd

command. If the addlapd command has been previously executed for that line, the command is

rejected.

Note

Two D channels on one line are not supported.

•

To configure the D channel as backhaul, use the addses command prior to the addlapd command.

If you do not configure either trunk or session, the addlapd command is rejected.

AAL1/AAL2 SVC Operating Mode

Release 3.0(0) supports the AAL1 and AAL2 switched virtual circuit (SVC) operating modes for

VISM-PR cards. VoAAL1 SVC is supported with the G.711 codec and clear channel.

Note

VAD is not supported in combination with AAL1 SVCs. CAS is not supported in combination with

SVCs.

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VoAAL2 SVC is supported with the G.711, G.726, G.729a, and G.729ab codecs and profiles 1, 2, 3, 7,

8, 100, 101, 110, and 200.

Note

The AAL1/AAL2 SVC operating modes require you to use a PXM1E or PXM45 in your MGX 8000

Series switch chassis.

Installing VISM Hardware and Software

You can install VISM cards in the following configurations:

•

Install a VISM front card and a back card as a pair. The front and back cards must occupy the same

slot.

•

Install a VISM front card with no back card. The MGX 8000 Series bulk distribution feature allows

this configuration. Access to and from the TDM lines is performed by the Service Resource Module

(SRM) and the MGX 8000 Series distribution bus.

Note

•

VISM cards in bulk distribution mode do not require back cards.

Install a VISM front card as a redundant card with a redundant back card in the same slot.

Note

VISM T1 front cards require T1 back cards and E1 front cards require E1 back cards. Ensure that

your configuration meets this requirement.

In each of these configurations, connections to the packet network are made through the MGX 8000

Series cellbus and an OC-3 port located on the MGX 8000 Series PXM card. Refer to the “VISM and

VISM-PR Card Physical Characteristics” section on page 1-5 for more information on front and back

cards.

Installing VISM Cards in MGX 8000 Series Chassis

VISM front and back cards can be installed in the following MGX 8000 Series platforms with these basic

guidelines:

•

Cisco MGX 8850 Release 1—Up to 24 slots can be used for VISM cards.

Cisco MGX 8250—Up to 24 slots can be used for VISM cards.

Cisco MGX 8230—Up to eight slots can be used for VISM cards.

The VISM card can be used with the Processor Module-1 (PXM1) card.

Installing VISM-PR Cards in MGX 8000 Series Chassis

VISM-PR front and back cards can be installed in the following MGX 8000 Series platforms with these

basic guidelines:

•

MGX 8250 and MGX 8850—Up to 24 slots can be used for VISM-PR cards.

MGX 8230—Up to 8 slots can be used for VISM-PR cards.

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The VISM-PR card can be used with the following Processor Module cards:

PXM1

PXM1E

PXM45

•

You must install an additional fan tray spacer at the bottom of your MGX 8000 Series switch chassis

directly above the intake plenum if you are using the VISM-PR card in combination with the PXM45

card. Refer to the Cisco MGX 8850 Hardware Installation Guide, Release 3 for step-by-step instructions

to install a fan tray.

MGX 8850 and MGX 8250 Chassis

VISM and VISM-PR card installation in a Cisco MGX 8850 or MGX 8250 platform consists of installing

one front card and one back card (if not using the bulk distribution feature) in either the upper or lower

shelf of the chassis. You can use slots 1 to 6, 9 to 14, 17 to 22, and 25 to 30 to install VISM cards (see

Figure 1-8).

Figure 1-8 Available Chassis Slots for VISM Cards in the MGX 8850 and MGX 8250—Front View

Upper Shelf Slots

10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Upper

Shelf

VISM

Lower

Shelf

VISM

VVIISSMM

VISM

VVIISSMM

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

Lower Shelf Slots

Note

If you use all the available slots, you can configure the MGX 8850 and MGX 8250 with up to 24

VISM cards. However, the two lower shelf cellbuses can each sustain a bandwidth of one

OC-3/STM-1 link. This bandwidth limits the number of E1 ports on the lower shelf, when using the

G.711 codec, to 78, which limits the number of VISM cards to 10.

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MGX 8230 Chassis

VISM card installation in a Cisco MGX 8230 platform consists of installing one front card and one back

card (if not using the bulk distribution feature) in either a left or right shelf slot. You can use slots 3 to

6, and 10 to 13 to install VISM cards (see Figure 1-9). If you use all the available slots, you can configure

the MGX 8230 with up to eight VISM cards.

Figure 1-9 Available Chassis Slots for VISM Cards in the Cisco MGX 8230—Front View

Reserved for SRM cards

Reserved for PXM cards

Installing VISM and VISM-PR Front and Back Cards

This section describes the following hardware installation procedures:

1. Installing a VISM or VISM-PR Front Card

2. Installing a VISM Back Card

3. Connecting Cables to Cards

Installing a VISM or VISM-PR Front Card

Complete the following instructions to install a VISM or VISM-PR front card:

Step 1

Step 2

Position the rear card guides over the appropriate slot in the chassis.

Gently slide the card all the way into the slot and press the insertion/extractor lever until it snaps into

the vertical (MGX 8250 or MGX 8850) or horizontal (MGX 8230) position.

Caution

The card should slide in and out with only slight friction on the EMI gaskets on the adjacent board.

Do not use force. Investigate any binding.

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Installing a VISM Back Card

Complete the following instructions to install a VISM back card:

Step 1

Ensure that the two extractor levers are at the “in” position.

When you insert the card into the slot, the levers should be vertical or horizontal along the line of the

back card.

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Position the rear card guides over the appropriate slot in the chassis.

Gently slide the card all the way into the slot.

Tighten the two captive screws on the back card’s faceplate.

Tighten the upper and lower screws to prevent misalignment of the card.

Note

Do not overtighten the screws. Tighten them only enough to secure the card.

Connecting Cables to Cards

After you install the VISM front and back cards, connect the T1 or E1 cables to the RJ-48 or SMB

connectors on the back cards. The T1 and E1 cables connect the eight ports on the back cards to the voice

T1 or E1 lines. The T1 lines use RJ-48 connectors. The E1 lines use either RJ-48 or SMB connectors.

Note

In all text references to cables, “transmit” refers to a cable used for data moving away from the VISM

card, and “receive” refers to a cable used for data moving toward the VISM card.

Cabling for RJ-48 Connectors on T1 and E1 Ports

For T1 and E1 ports that connect through an RJ-48 connector, each connector has:

Transmit TIP (TTIP) pin

Transmit RING (TRNG) pin

•

Receive TIP (RTIP) pin

Receive RING (RRNG) pin

Two pins for shielded ground

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The connector wiring is shown in Figure 1-10.

Figure 1-10 RJ-48 PIN Connector

RJ-48 Pins

TTIP

TRNG

RTIP

OUT

RRNG

TEST-RNGP

TEST-TIP

ground/shield

Cabling for SMB Connectors on E1 Ports

When you use the E1 VISM back card with SMB cables, the E1 trunk cables connect the customer

DSX-1 cross-connect point or E1 channel service unit (CSU) to the node using 75-ohm coaxial cable

fitted with SMB connectors.

Removing VISM and VISM-PR Front and Back Cards

This section describes the following hardware installation procedures:

•

Removing a VISM or VISM-PR Front Card

Removing a VISM Back Card

Removing a VISM or VISM-PR Front Card

Step 1

Insert a small, flat-blade screwdriver into the slot in the insertion/extractor lever and press until the latch

springs open, to approximately 10°.

Step 2

Step 3

Continue to lift the insertion/extractor lever to disconnect the connector.

Gently pull the card out of the chassis.

Removing a VISM Back Card

Step 1

Step 2

Remove any cables connected to the back card.

Use a small, flat-blade screwdriver to unscrew the two retaining screws in the back card’s faceplate.

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Step 3

Step 4

Pull both of the extractor levers out to the horizontal position.

This action starts the removal of the card.

Gently pull the card out of the chassis.

Applying Power to the VISM Card

You apply power to a VISM card by installing it in an already running MGX 8000 Series platform, or by

applying power to a chassis that has a previously installed VISM card. When power is applied, the VISM

card performs extensive testing and initialization functions. If the card has already been configured, the

initialization downloads the configuration data from the disk on the PXM. This process takes

approximately two minutes, during which the LED indicator blinks. When the Active LED becomes

solid green, the card is in the Active state and is ready to be configured (if necessary) and able to process

data.

Installing VISM Software Upgrades

VISM Release 3.0 provides a graceful upgrade procedure from Release 1.5 and higher. The existing

VISM configuration is preserved throughout the upgrade procedure, provided that the following

conditions are met:

•

The Cisco MGX 8000 Series platform must be configured with at least two VISM cards in a

redundant configuration. Refer to the add redundancy, addred, command in the Cisco MGX 8850,

MGX 8250, and MGX 8230 command reference guides for details.

•

The VISM cards must be running VISM 2.0 and be configured to the desired configuration.

The VISM Release 3.0 software must have been already downloaded to the Cisco MGX shelf. Refer

to Release Notes for Cisco Voice Interworking Services Module Release 3.0(0) for details.

•

Cisco recommends an upgrade in the backup boot to version 3.0.

Complete the following steps to upgrade the VISM software. In the following procedure, old-rev refers

to the firmware before the upgrade (2.0) and new-rev refers to the firmware after the upgrade (3.0).

Note

If the VISM card you are upgrading is part of a nonredundant configuration, complete Step 1 to

Step 4 only.

Step 1

Step 2

Save the existing configuration as a contingency plan by entering:

savesmcnf <SM slot#>

where:

SM slot# is the slot number of the active VISM card.

This command saves the existing configuration to the C:\CNF directory. This file can be used during the

downgrade procedure, if necessary.

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Step 3

Execute the PXM install command for the backup boot image:

install bt sm <SM slot#> <new bb rev>

where:

SM slot# is the slot number of the active card, and new bb rev is the version number of the new backup

boot image.

This command downloads the backup boot image to the flash in the VISM card slot you specified. The

new backup boot image takes effect upon the next card reset.

Step 4

Execute the PXM install command:

install sm <SM slot#> <new-rev>

where:

SM slot# is the slot number of the VISM card that was active before the upgrade process started, and

new-rev is the file name of the new firmware (for example, vism_8t1e1_002.001.000.000.fw).

This command causes the standby VISM card to reset and be placed in the hold state, running the

new-rev firmware. The active VISM card is unaffected by this command. At this point the primary

firmware is still the old-rev and the secondary firmware is new-rev.

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Execute the PXM newrev command:

newrev sm <SM slot#> <new-rev>

where:

SM slot# is the slot number of the VISM card that was active before the upgrade process started, and

new-rev is the filename of the new firmware.

This command causes the standby VISM card to become the active VISM card running the new-rev

firmware. The previously active VISM card is placed in the hold state, becoming the new standby VISM

card, and is still running the old-rev firmware. The primary and secondary firmware switches with the

new-rev becoming the primary firmware.

Execute the PXM commit command:

commit sm <SMslot#> <new-rev>

where:

SM slot# is the slot number of the new standby VISM card and new-rev is the filename of the new

firmware.

This command causes both VISM cards to run the new-rev firmware. After a short time, the cards switch

automatically so that the originally active VISM card becomes the active card and the originally standby

VISM card becomes the standby card. The two VISM cards are now back to their original condition

except that both cards are now running the new-rev firmware.

that the configuration has been preserved through the upgrade process.

Cisco recommends that you further verify the configuration by making some minor modifications to the

configuration, checking that the changes have been executed correctly, and then changing the

configuration back again.

See Appendix B, “VISM and VISM-PR—3.0 Specifications” for more information about the VISM and

VISM-PR card specifications.

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Chapter 1 Overview of the VISM and VISM-PR Cards

Software Upgrades

VISM/VISM-PR Release 3.0 provides a graceful upgrade procedure for the following releases:.

•

From VISM 1.5 to VISM 3.0

From VISM 2.1 to VISM 3.0

From VISM 2.2 to VISM 3.0

Caution

Installing VISM software upgrades from VISM Release 2.2 with CALEA to VISM Release 3.0

without CALEA is not graceful.

Prerequisites

To ensure that the VISM/VISM-PR configuration is preserved throughout the upgrade procedure, you

must complete the prerequisites listed in this section.

Before starting the graceful upgrade procedure, complete the following prerequisites:

•

Configure your MGX 8000 Series shelf with at least two VISM cards in a redundant configuration.

For more information on adding redundancy, refer to the add redundancy, addred, command in the

Cisco MGX 8250, Cisco MGX 8230, and Cisco MGX 8850 PXM1-based Command Reference

documentation and the Cisco MGX 8830 and MGX 8850 PXM1E/ PXM45-based Command

Reference documentation.

•

Ensure that the VISM/VISM-PR cards are running at least Release 2.1.

Download software Release 3.0 for VISM/VISM-PR to the MGX 8000 Series shelf.

If you are using the CALEA feature, ensure that you have the version of VISM/VISM-PR software

that supports CALEA.

VISM/VISM-PR Upgrades with PXM1

This section describes the procedures for upgrading VISM/VISM-PR software when the

VISM/VISM-PR is used with a PXM1 card.

Download VISM/VISM-PR Boot Code and Firmware to PXM1

To download the VISM/VISM-PR boot code and firmware to the PXM1 card, use TFTP.

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Download the bootcode and firmware images from the Cisco website.

Download the selected revision of service module boot code into the service module.

a. tftp <node_name or IP address>

b. bin

c. put <backup boot> POPEYE@SM_1_0.BT

d. quit

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Chapter 1 Overview of the VISM and VISM-PR Cards

Software Upgrades

Step 4

Download the selected firmware file.

To upgrade all VISM cards, proceed to Step 4 c. To upgrade an individual VISM card, proceed to Step 4d.

a. tftp <node_name or IP address>

b. bin

c. put <FW file> POPEYE@SM_1_0.FW

quit

d. put <FW file> POPEYE@SM_1_<slot number of card to upgrade>.FW

quit

Note

Do not enter two put commands in the same TFTP session.

Step 5

Proceed to the “Upgrade VISM/VISM-PR Firmware with PXM1 Card” section on page 1-21 to install

the download.

Upgrade VISM/VISM-PR Firmware with PXM1 Card

Software Release 3.0 is for VISM and VISM-PR cards. Ensure that the VISM and VISM-PR cards have

the minimum boot code version of vism_8t1e1_VI8_BT_3.1.00.fw.

The following versions of VISM software Release 3.0 are available:

•

003.000.000.000—without CALEA

003.050.000.000—with CALEA

In this procedure the following conditions apply:

•

If two VISM or VISM-PR cards are part of a redundancy group, initially the primary card is in the

active state, and the secondary card is in the standby state.

•

Old-rev refers to the firmware, Release 2.2 and prior.

New-rev refers to the firmware after the upgrade, Release 3.0.

Perform the firmware upgrade on the VISM or VISM-PR cards. Do not remove the VISM cards and

replace them with VISM-PR cards at this time.

Step 1

Step 2

Save the existing configuration as a contingency plan by entering:

savesmcnf <SM slot#>

This command saves the existing configuration in the C:CNF directory. This file can be used during the

downgrade procedure, if necessary.

Step 3

Execute the PXM install command:

install sm <SM slot#> <new-rev>

where:

SM slot# is the slot number of the primary VISM or VISM-PR card and new-rev is the file name of the

new firmware (for example, vism_8t1e1_003.000.000.000.fw).

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Chapter 1 Overview of the VISM and VISM-PR Cards

Software Upgrades

This command causes the secondary VISM or VISM-PR card to reset and come up in the standby state,

running the new-rev firmware. The primary VISM or VISM-PR card is unaffected by this command.

Step 4

Execute the PXM newrev command:

newrev sm <SM slot#> <new-rev>

where:

SM slot# is the slot number of the primary VISM or VISM-PR card and new-rev is the filename of the

new firmware.

This command causes the primary VISM or VISM-PR card to reset and the secondary VISM or

VISM-PR card to become active and running the new-rev firmware.

Step 5

Execute the PXM commit command:

commit sm <SM slot#> <new-rev>

where:

SM slot# is the slot number of the primary VISM or VISM-PR card and new-rev is the filename of the

new firmware.

The two VISM or VISM-PR cards are now back to their original condition except that both cards are

now running the new-rev firmware.

Step 6

Note

dspcasvar, and so forth) to confirm that the configuration has been preserved through the upgrade

process.

For more than one primary VISM or VISM-PR card in a redundancy group, ensure that the secondary

card is in the standby state and repeat Step 4 and Step 5 for each VISM card in the redundancy group.

It is also recommended that you perform the following verifications:

•

Make minor modifications to the configuration.

Check that the changes have been executed correctly.

Change the configuration back again.

Note

If the VISM or VISM-PR card is not part of a redundancy group, complete Step 1 to Step 3.

For more information about the VISM and VISM-PR card specifications, see “VISM and

VISM-PR—3.0 Specifications” section on page B-1.

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Chapter 1 Overview of the VISM and VISM-PR Cards

Software Upgrades

Boot Code Upgrade Procedure with PXM1 Cards

Complete the following steps to upgrade the new backup boot code when you are using PXM1 cards in

your MGX 8230, MGX 8250, and MGX 8850 chassis:

Note

This procedure re-programs the VISM boot code for previous VISMs using the VISM runtime image

version 1.0 to 2.0.

Step 1

Telnet to MGX shelf and cc to the VISM card.

Note

VISM must be in the active state in order to update the VISM boot code.

Step 2

Access the server where the VISM boot code resides and TFTP the VISM boot code to the VISM card:

a. Type tftp <IP address of the MGX shelf>

b. Type bin at the tftp prompt.

Caution

Ensure that you perform Step 2 b. If you to not perform Step 2b . the boot code is corrupted and not

recoverable.

c. Type install [bt] [sm <slot>] <version> at the PXM prompt.

Do not touch the VISM card until the status comes back ('Sent xxx bytes in yyy seconds'). Failure to

follow this recommendation corrupts the boot code, which cannot be recovered.

When the boot code is being written to PROM, you will see comments displayed at the VISM prompt.

This behavior is normal and expected.

Step 3

Step 4

Use the resetcd command for VISM from the PXM card for the latest boot take effect.

Type the version command to verify the correct boot code.

Note

Step 4 is optional.

You have completed upgrading the new VISM backup boot code.

VISM-PR Upgrades with PXM1E and PXM45

This section describes the procedures for upgrading VISM-PR software when the VISM-PR is used with

a PXM1E or PXM45 card.

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Software Upgrades

Download VISM-PR Boot Code and Firmware to PXM1E and PXM45

To download the VISM-PR boot code and firmware to the PXM1E or PXM45 card, use FTP.

Step 1

Step 2

Access the image on the Cisco Web site.

To download the image, enter the ftp command.

ftp node-ip

where node-ip is the IP address of the node to which you want to download the image.

Enter your user name and password.

Enter bin.

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Access the appropriate directory.

cd C:FW

Step 6

Step 7

Download the image to your C:FW directory.

put image-version

where image-version is the downloaded image from Step 1.

To exit the download procedure, enter bye.

Upgrade VISM-PR Firmware with PXM1E and PXM45 Cards

Ensure that the VISM-PR cards have the minimum boot code version of vism_8t1e1_VI8_BT_3.1.00.fw.

The following versions of VISM-PR software Release 3.0 are available:

•

003.000.000.000—without CALEA

003.050.000.000—with CALEA

Perform the firmware upgrade on the VISM-PR cards.

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Ensure that the card is in the redundant mode, where the active card is the primary card.

To save the existing configuration as a contingency plan, enter the saveallcnf command.

To load the new software, enter the loadrev command.

loadrev sm-primary-slot-num new-rev

where sm-primary-slot-num is the slot number of the VISM-PR card in which you want to install the new

software; and new-rev is the new firmware version number for the VISM-PR software.

Caution

Step 5

Temporary traffic loss occurs.

To execute the download, enter the runrev command.

runrev sm-primary-slot-num new-rev

Caution

Temporary traffic loss occurs.

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Chapter 1 Overview of the VISM and VISM-PR Cards

Software Upgrades

Step 6

To commit the new download to the VISM-PR card, enter the commitrev command.

commitrev sm-primary-slot-num new-rev

You have completed the steps. Proceed to the Boot Code Upgrade Procedure with PXM1E and PXM45

Cards, page 1-25.

Boot Code Upgrade Procedure with PXM1E and PXM45 Cards

Complete the following steps to upgrade the new backup boot code when you are using PXM1E or

PXM45 cards in your MGX 8000 Series chassis:

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Complete the steps in the VISM-PR Upgrades with PXM1E and PXM45, page 1-23 section.

Use the burnboot sm-primary-slot-num new-rev command, where sm-primary-slot-num is the slot

number of the VISM-PR card you want to upgrade and new-rev is the firmware version number of the

new VISM software, to upgrade the VISM-PR boot code.

The VISM-PR card automatically resets and becomes active with the latest boot code image. You have

completed the boot code upgrade procedure.

VISM/VISM-PR Downgrade Procedure

Use this procedure to downgrade VISM software from software Release 3.0 to an earlier VISM release.

By following the downgrade procedure described here, the configurations are retained after the

downgrade.

Note

The configurations that existed with old-rev firmware should have been saved earlier. You

cannot downgrade from VISM-PR to VISM.

Complete the following steps to downgrade the VISM software from software Release 3.0 for

VISM/VISM-PR to Release 2.2, 2.1, 2.0, or 1.5:

Step 1

If the VISM card is in a redundancy group, remove the redundancy.

delred <SM slot#>

Step 2

Step 3

Download the old-rev firmware onto the MGX shelf.

Execute the PXM clrsmcnf command:

clrsmcnf <SM slot#>

where:

SM slot# is the slot number of the VISM card to be downgraded.

The VISM card resets on executing this command. Wait for the card to come active.

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Software Upgrades

Step 4

Execute the PXM restoresmcnf command:

restoresmcnf -f <filename> -s <SM slot#>

where:

The filename is the name of the old configuration file that was saved while the old-rev firmware was

running. The file can be found in the C:CNF directory on the MGX shelf.

The SM slot# is the slot number of the VISM card to be downgraded.

The VISM card resets again. When the card becomes active, it has the old-rev firmware running with the

old configuration.

Step 5

Reconfigure redundancy group, if required.

VISM to VISM-PR Hardware Upgrade

Complete the following steps to upgrade your system from VISM cards to VISM-PR cards.

Caution

You must install the redundant (standby) VISM-PR card first. Failure to follow this recommendation

results in traffic loss. In addition, do not remove an active VISM card from your chassis. Ensure that you

configure an active VISM card to the standby state before you remove it and replace it with a VISM-PR

card.

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Remove the redundant (standby) VISM card from your chassis.

Install a VISM-PR card in the slot you removed the VISM card from in Step 1.

Administratively configure the VISM-PR card you installed in Step 2 as primary (active).

Remove the now redundant VISM card from your chassis.

Install a VISM-PR card in the slot you removed the VISM card from in Step 4.

output from the dspcd command lists the card type under FunctionModuleType as a VISM-PR card. If

the card type still indicates the VISM card, execute the resetcd slot-num command from the PXM and

repeat the dspcd command to insure that the correct card type is shown.

Step 7

dspcd command lists the card type under FunctionModuleType as a VISM-PR card. If the card type still

indicates the VISM card, execute the resetcd slot-num command from the PXM and repeat the dspcd

command to insure that the correct card type is shown.

Step 8

Step 9

If you have no other VISM cards in your chassis, you have completed the hardware upgrade procedure;

do not proceed to Step 9. If you have more VISM cards in your chassis, proceed to Step 9.

Remove a standby VISM card from your chassis.

Step 10 Install a VISM-PR card in the slot you removed the VISM card from in Step 9.

Step 11 Repeat Step 9 and Step 10 to remove any remaining VISM cards in your chassis and replace them with

VISM-PR cards.

Step 12 Repeat Step 6 and Step 7 on the remaining VISM-PR cards to insure the correct card type is shown.

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C H A P T E R

Telephony Applications Using VISM

This chapter describes the VISM card and the ways it is used in telephony applications to transport

traditional TDM voice traffic as digitized voice traffic over ATM networks. The following topics are

discussed:

•

“Tandem Switch Offloading” section on page 2-1

“Multiservice Access” section on page 2-3

“AAL2 Trunking” section on page 2-3

Tandem Switch Offloading

Figure 2-1 shows VISM used to offload a Class 4 tandem switch by transporting a portion of the voice

traffic across an ATM network instead of the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). VISM acts

as the voice gateway in this application. Use VISM in the VoIP switching or switched AAL2 PVC

operating mode to enable this application.

Figure 2-1 VISM Used in a Tandem Switch Offloading Application

MGX 8850

with VISM

IP Network

Central

Office

SS7 Network

Call Agent

PSTN Network

Class 4

Switch

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Chapter 2 Telephony Applications Using VISM

Tandem Switch Offloading

When a call is initiated, the central office can use either the Class 4 switch or VISM to handle the call.

When calls are passed to VISM, VISM backhauls the signaling to an SGCP or MGCP compliant call

agent (such as the Cisco VSC 3000). The call agent at the near end manages the call setup in conjunction

with the call agent at the far end and the calling and called VISM cards.

Note

Although not shown in the diagram, an alternative method for handling CCS signaling is to transport

it directly between the central office and the call agent with no VISM involvement. With this

arrangement, there is no backhauling function performed in the VISM.

Each VISM card supports up to eight T1 or E1 lines for voice traffic. You can use an alternative method

to connect the voice lines to the VISM cards—the TDM lines can be carried over a T3 line to an SRM

card in the Cisco MGX shelf where the individual T1 lines are broken out and distributed to the VISM

card internally. Refer to the Cisco MGX 8250, Release 1 and the Cisco MGX 8230 installation and

configuration documents for details of the SRM card.

The VISM connects to the ATM network using either VoAAL2 or VoIP (UDP/IP packets encapsulated

in AAL5 PVCs). VISM and the call agent communicate with each other and their activities are

coordinated through either SGCP or MGCP.

For VoIP, when the call setup procedure is complete, each VISM has the IP address of the other VISM

associated with the call. An end-to-end IP bearer circuit is established between the calling and called

parties. At this point, the voice conversation can proceed.

By way of example, Figure 2-1 shows only one location for the VISM and call agent; in reality there is

a similar arrangement for each tandem switch.

Figure 2-2 shows the connection from VISM to the call agent in greater detail.

Figure 2-2 VISM Used as a Voice Gateway Application

Customer's Premises

PBX

Call Agent

SS7 Network

PSTN

Voice

Packet

Voice

Network

Gateway

Data

Services

MGX 8850

with VISM

The VISM/MGX 8000 shelf is connected to the network by an OC-3 line which is used for both the voice

payload and the communication with the call agent. A network edge router moves the voice traffic across

the network to the called party’s VISM and routes call control information between the VISM and the

call agent.

For reliability, two PVCs using separate physical links to two separate edge routers to the packet network

can be established. If the primary circuit fails, transmission automatically switches to the secondary

circuit. For enhanced reliability, the physical OC-3 links to the network can be protected by the SONET

APS feature.

Using all the available slots, the Cisco MGX 8850 and the Cisco MGX 8250 can be configured with up

to 24 VISM cards and the Cisco MGX 8230 can be configured with up to 8 VISM cards.

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Chapter 2 Telephony Applications Using VISM

Multiservice Access

Each of the two lower shelf cellbuses can sustain a bandwidth of one OC-3/STM-1 link. This bandwidth

limits the number of E1 ports on the lower shelf, when using the G.711 codec, to 78 (approximately 10

VISM cards).

Multiservice Access

A Cisco MGX 8000 series shelf, combined with one or more VISM cards, provides multiservice access

between a customer’s TDM network and a voice gateway over a packet network. The voice gateway

provides the interface to the telephone network.

When voice traffic is conveyed over a packet network using VISM and an MGX 8850—multiservice

access—the MGX 8850 is located either at the customer’s premises (probably the case for large customer

installations) or at the central office. Use VISM in the VoIP switching or switched AAL2 PVC operating

mode to enable this application.

This application is very similar to the tandem switch offloading application, except that instead of

performing as the voice gateway, VISM provides access to the voice gateway.

VISM operates in conjunction with an MGCP or SGCP compatible call agent via an edge router/switch

on the packet network. Signaling is backhauled from VISM to the call agent through this connection.

The call agent connects to the SS7 network and handles call setup and teardown across the packet

network. The VISM connects to the ATM network and handles the voice payload between the TDM

voice/data network and a voice gateway. For transmitting the voice payload to the network, VISM uses

either VoIP transported in AAL5 ATM cells or VoAAL2.

Other data services (such as frame relay) can also be accommodated by configuring the MGX 8000

series shelf with the appropriate service modules (for example, FRSM) and using separate PVCs into the

packet network.

AAL2 Trunking

A Cisco MGX 8000 series shelf, in combination with VISM cards, provides AAL2 trunking between a

voice TDM network and voice gateways over a packet network. Use VISM in the AAL2 trunking

operating mode to enable this application.

Figure 2-3 shows a trunk with a VISM-equipped MGX 8850 shelf at one end of a trunk (at the central

office) and a Cisco 3810 Multiservice Access Concentrator and a Cisco MGX 8220 edge concentrator at

the other end of the trunk (customer premises).

Figure 2-3 AAL2 Trunking—One End

CPE

Central Office

ATM Packet

Network

T1 lines

Cisco

3810

PBX

AAL2 (Bearer & CAS)

AAL5 (CCS)

PSTN

Cisco

MGX 8830

MGX 8850

with VISM

Cisco

3810

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Chapter 2 Telephony Applications Using VISM

AAL2 Trunking

Figure 2-4 shows a trunk with a VISM-equipped MGX 8850 shelf at each end of the trunk.

Figure 2-4 AAL2 Trunking—Two Ends

CPE

Central Office

T1 lines

ATM Packet

Network

PBX

AAL2 (Bearer & CAS)

AAL5 (CCS)

PSTN

MGX 8850

with VISM

MGX 8850

with VISM

Note

Figure 2-4 shows one trunk; however, VISM can support up to 64 trunks in this arrangement.

In Figure 2-3 and Figure 2-4, the trunk is an AAL2 nonswitched ATM PVC that carries the voice traffic.

The voice traffic is delivered to, or received from, the central office over short-haul T1 lines.

If CAS signaling is used, the signaling is transported across the trunk as AAL2 type 3 cells.

If CCS signaling is used, the signaling is delivered across the ATM network as AAL5 cells over separate

PVCs. VISM supports up to eight AAL5 PVCs, one for each T1/E1 line.

Other data services (such as frame relay) can be accommodated by configuring Cisco 3810, Cisco

MGX 8220, or Cisco MGX 8000 hardware with the appropriate service modules and using separate

PVCs into the packet network. The packet network routes these other data services as required.

In AAL2 trunking mode, VISM is not involved with a call agent and the functions of call control.

Multiple calls can be transported over a single PVC using the AAL2 channel identifier (CID)

mechanism. DS1/DS0s are bound to virtual channel identifier (VCI)/CIDs so that voice traffic from any

particular DS0 is automatically passed to its bound VCI/CID (and vice versa).

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C H A P T E R

VISM Functional Description

The functions performed by VISM are described in the following sections:

•

“TDM Line-Handling Function” section on page 3-2

“Bearer Processing Function” section on page 3-3

“Signaling Function” section on page 3-5

“A T M V o ice Data Processing Function” section on page 3-11

“Call Control Function” section on page 3-15

“Embedded VISM Management Function” section on page 3-19

Figure 3-1 shows the functional blocks of VISM. Items with single asterisks indicate VoIP switching and

switched AAL2 PVC functions. Items with double asterisks indicate AAL2 trunking functions. Items

without asterisks indicate VoIP switching, switched AAL2 PVC, and AAL2 trunking functions.

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Chapter 3 VISM Functional Description

TDM Line-Handling Function

Figure 3-1 VISM Detailed Functional Blocks

User Inputs

(CLI, CWM, SNMP)

Embedded Management Functions

Signal backhaul xGCP (CAS), Q.931 (PRI) *

Call setup/ teardown xGCP *

SRCP *

To Call Agent *

Key:

* VoIP Switching and

Switched AAL2 PVC

modes only

Connection

Handling *

Resource

Coordination *

Signaling

T1/E1

Lines

** Trunking mode only

CCS

TDM Line DS0

Handling Switch

CAS (AAL2, Type 3) **

CCS (AAL5) **

CAS

To ATM

Network

Bearer

Packetization

(SSCS)

Bearer

Processing

ATM CPS

(SAR)

TDM Line-Handling Function

The TDM line-handling function provides the physical layer interface to the T1/E1 lines and handles the

following features:

•

Framing

Line codes

Physical layer alarms and failures

Clocking

Loopbacks

Distinguishes between bearer and CCS signaling channels

Outgoing traffic—in from the TDM network and out to the packet network—is processed by the T1/E1

framers where each DS0 is extracted from its DS1 stream and is routed by a DS0 switch to the

appropriate function. Bearer DS0s are routed to the bearer processing function. CCS signaling DS0s are

routed to the TDM signaling function.

Outgoing traffic—in from the packet network and out to the TDM network—is processed in the opposite

manner. The DS0s received from the ATM side are inserted into their respective DS1s and transmitted

over the appropriate line in the TDM network.

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Chapter 3 VISM Functional Description

Bearer Processing Function

The bearer processing function processes raw bearer DS0 streams from the T1/E1 lines in preparation

for packetization and segmentation and reassembly (SAR) processing on the ATM side. Most of the

bearer processing is performed by the VISM daughter card’s DSPs.

The main processing categories are:

•

Echo cancellation, voice compression, and A/Mu law conversion

Voice activity detection and silence suppression

Fax and modem handling

Jitter control

CAS handling

Echo Cancellation, Voice Compression, A/Mu Law Conversion

Bearer DS0 streams are received from the T1/E1 line function, and each is assigned to a DSP configured

for echo cancellation (ECAN). You can configure the following ECAN parameters:

•

Residual echo control

Maximum tail in milliseconds (up to 128 ms)

Fax and modem tone detection

If voice compression is required, the ECAN voice streams are assigned to a second DSP configured with

the required codec. Available compression schemes are:

•

G.711 64 kbps (A/Mu law, user configurable)

G.726-16k

G.726-24k

G.726-32k

G.726-40k

G.729a

G.729ab

G.723.1-H

G.723.1a-H

G.723.1-L

G.723.1a-L

VISM allows the use of codec templates in which the user selects a template instead of specifying each

allowable codec individually. VISM supports the following codec templates:

•

Template 1—Supports clear channel, G.711a, G.711u, G.729a, G.729ab, G.726-16k, G.726-24k,

G.726-32k, and G.726-40k codecs.

•

Template 2—Supports clear channel, G.711a, and G.711u codecs.

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Chapter 3 VISM Functional Description

Bearer Processing Function

•

Template 3—Supports G.711u, G.711a, G.726-16k, G.726-24k, G.726-32k, G.726-40k, G.729a,

and G.729ab codecs, clear channel.

Template 4—Supports G.711u, G.711a, G. 726-16k, G.726-24k, G.726-32k, G.726-40k, G.729a,

G.729ab, G.723.1-H, G.723.1a-H, G.723.1-L, G.723.1a-L codecs and clear channel.

Within each template, you can specify a preference order for each codec. At call setup time, the codec

to be used from the configured template is either specified by the call agent or negotiated between the

calling and called VISM cards. If the codec is negotiated, the most preferred codec that both VISM cards

can support is selected.

For each codec, VISM supports various packetization periods as described in Table 3-1.

Table 3-1 Supported Codecs and Packetization Periods

Codec

Packetization Period (milliseconds)

G.711u

—

G.711a

G.729a

—

G.729ab

G.726-16k, 24k, 32k, 40k

G.723.1-H

G.723.1a-H

G.723.1-L

G.723.1a-L

Clear channel

—

Voice Activity Detection and Silence Suppression

You can configure the VISM card DSPs to monitor the TDM voice stream for voice activity. If the voice

activity detection (VAD) feature is enabled and no voice activity (silence) is detected for more than a

specified period of time, typically 250 ms, the silent voice samples are suppressed. During periods of

silence, parameters defining background noises transmit periodically. You can configure the remote

VISM to use the background noise information to generate comfort noise at the called end while silence

suppression is in operation.

Fax and Modem Tone Detection

You can configure the VISM card DSPs to detect the modem or fax tones on the data lines. For VoIP

operating mode, the action is specified using command line interface (CLI) commands. Refer to

Chapter 5, “CLI Commands,” for more information on CLI commands. For AAL2 connections, the

action is specified in the AAL2 profile. Generally, when a modem or fax tone is detected, VAD and

ECAN are turned off and codec is changed to the specified type (for example G.711 or clear channel).

Note

If the codec is already set to clear channel, the DSP cannot detect any tones—fax and modem tones

are not detected.

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Chapter 3 VISM Functional Description

Signaling Function

Jitter Control

The VISM card uses voice buffers on the DSP to reduce jitter on outgoing voice streams. Jitter control

operates in the following modes:

•

Fixed—Allows you to configure a fixed buffer size in the range 0 to 100 ms. This mode is used when

latency jitter is nearly constant. This is the default mode for G.711u/a and clear channel codecs, with

a 100-ms buffer size.

•

Adaptive—Allows you to configure a starting buffer size, but adapts the size of the buffer according

to the jitter. Use this mode when latency jitter varies greatly. This is the default mode for all codecs

other than G.711u/a and clear channel.

CAS Handling

In applications using CAS, you can configure the VISM card DSPs to monitor incoming traffic and

extract the following CAS signaling information:

•

ABCD bits

Digits

Tones

You can configure VISM to handle various CAS variations such as immediate start, wink start, ground

start. The extracted CAS signaling information is sent to the TDM signaling function.

Signaling Function

All TDM signaling enters and exits VISM on the T1/E1 lines and is directed to the signaling function.

CAS signaling information is received from the bearer processing function, described in the “Bearer

Processing Function” section on page 3-3. CCS signaling information arrives directly from the TDM line

handling function, described in the “TDM Line-Handling Function” section on page 3-2.

VISM depends on a combination of the following two features to determine how it handles signaling:

•

Operating mode:

–

VoIP switching/trunking

Switched AAL2 PVC

AAL2 trunking

AAL1 SVC

AAL2 SVC

AAL1/VoIP (for TDM grooming)

•

Signaling type:

–

CAS

CCS

Signaling enters from the T1/E1 lines and, depending upon the mode and the type of signaling, is

processed for the correct protocol and directed to either the call agent or the ATM trunks (see

Figure 3-2).

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Chapter 3 VISM Functional Description

Signaling Function

Note

You can configure the VISM card to support CCS signaling without VISM card involvement. In this

configuration, a CCS channel is connected directly to the call agent that handles all necessary

processing of signaling information.

Figure 3-2 VISM Signaling Paths

CCS (Q.931 using RUDP/UDP/IP)

To Call Agent

CAS (xGCP)

Type?

CAS (xGCP)

VoIP switching/trunking,

AAL1/AAL2 SVC

TDM Grooming

CCS (AAL5 PVC)

T1/E1

Mode?

Switched

AAL2

Type?

Signaling

CAS (trunk)

AAL2 Trunking

Type?

To ATM

Trunks

CAS (AAL2 Type 3)

CCS (AAL5 PVC)

CAS signaling can be configured, in the switched AAL2 PVC operating mode, to send the signaling to

the call agent or over an AAL2 PVC as in the AAL2 application.

CAS Processing in VoIP Switching and Switched AAL2 PVC Operating Mode

In the VoIP switching and switched AAL2 operating modes, CAS signaling is processed by the call agent

using SGCP.

The call agent performs the following functions:

•

Issues the SGCP Notification Request command to instruct VISM which CAS signals are to be

reported to the call agent.

•

Instructs VISM which CAS signals to send out the DS0.

The VISM card performs the following functions:

•

Responds by sending acknowledge messages in return to call agent commands.

Sends received CAS signals back to the call agent by using the SGCP Notify command.

Interfaces with the DSP drivers, which perform the detection and generation of CAS signals.

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Signaling Function

Figure 3-3 shows the messages involved in CAS processing with the VoIP switching and switched AAL2

PVC operating modes.

Figure 3-3 CAS Processing—Message Structure

Events

A-B bits

Digits

DTMF, MF, Fax, & Modem tones

Off/on hook

Notify

Messages

Hook flash

Start/End MF string

Actions

DSPs

& Drivers

Call

Agent

T1/E1 Lines

Tx A-B bits

Report A-B bits

Notification

Requests

Present dial string

Report tone generation

Begin/End tone generation

A-B bits

Digits

Tones

Figure 3-4 shows the local CAS processing call setup message sequences which occur between VISM,

the call agent, and the telephone equipment on the DS0.

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Signaling Function

Figure 3-4 CAS Signaling in Initiating and Terminating a Call

DS0

VISM

Call Agent

Notification Request, (off hook)

Ack

Ring to Ground

VISM

Start Timer

Loop still closed

Clear Timer

Notify Message, (off hook)

Notification Request (dial tone,

digit collect, on-hook)

Dial tone

Digits

Notify Message (digit string)

Connect

CALL IN PROGRESS

On-hook

Notify Message, (on-hook)

Delete Connection

Note

Figure 3-4 shows only the local CAS aspects of call setup. The entire process of call setup involves

many more messages between the local and remote call agents and the local and remote VISMs.

Refer to the “Call Control Function” section on page 3-15 for more information.

The call processing for the VoIP switching and switched AAL2 operating modes is described in the

following list:

1. The call agent requests VISM to look for an off-hook signal when the line is idle.

2. Upon receipt of an on-hook signal, VISM starts a timer and checks later to ensure that the line is

still off-hook.

3. VISM notifies the call agent that the caller has gone off-hook (this timer mechanism is also used

when processing on-hook/off-hook signaling to determine flash-hook events).

4. When the call agent is informed that the user is off-hook, the call agent instructs VISM to generate

dial tone and to look for dialed digits.

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Chapter 3 VISM Functional Description

Signaling Function

5. When the call agent receives the dialed number, it uses the dial plan to communicate with the remote

call agent to set up the call.

6. The call is terminated when either the called or calling party goes on-hook.

CCS Processing in Switched AAL2 PVC Operating Mode

In the switched AAL2 PVC operating mode, CCS signaling can be configured to pass (backhaul) CCS

signals between the user PBXs and the call agents.

You can configure T1 and E1 lines for CCS signaling. You must specify a particular DS0 as an Integrated

Services Digital Network (ISDN) D channel to carry the Primary Rate Interface (PRI) signaling.

Signaling from the private branch exchange (PBX) is received on the D channel as level 3 Q.931

messages encapsulated in the information field of level 2 Q.921 LAPD information frames.

The Q.921 link is terminated at the VISM, and on the call agent side, a Redundant User Datagram

Protocol/User Datagram Protocol/Internet Protocol (RUDP/UDP/IP) connection is used to carry level 3

Q.931 signaling between VISM and the call agent. This link to the call agent flows through an

intermediate router. From VISM to the router, the RUDP/UDP/IP packets are segmented and transported

as AAL5 ATM cells.

The function of the VISM PRI/backhaul feature is to pass the Q.931 messages between the PBX and the

call agent.

VISM handles all Q.921 frame types. For information type frames, the process is described in the

following list:

1. VISM extracts the Q.931 frame.

2. VISM then places it in an RUDP datagram.

3. The RUDP datagram is encapsulated in UDP and IP packets (using the IP address and a specified

port number of the destination call agent).

4. The SAR section of VISM segments the IP message into AAL5 ATM cells for transport to the call

agent via an edge router.

In CCS processing, communication between VISM and the call agent involves both call control

information using xGCP protocols and CCS signaling using Q.931 protocol. Both are transported using

the AAL5 ATM connection.

Signaling from the call agent to the PBX is handled in the same manner but in reverse:

1. Signaling from the call agent is stripped of its RUDP/UDP/IP headers and trailers.

2. Signaling is then encapsulated into Q.921 information type frames for transmission to the user’s

PBX.

VISM is not involved with the signaling content but acts as an interface between the PBX and the call

agent.

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Chapter 3 VISM Functional Description

Signaling Function

Figure 3-5 shows the VISM PRI/backhaul process.

Figure 3-5 PRI/Backhaul Path

Call Agent

Signaling

Network

PRI Backhaul

Path

PBX

Router

D channel

B channel

Packet

Network

Voice Payload

MGX 8850

with VISM

For RUDP links between VISM and the call agents, use a session with a session manager.

A session represents a single RUDP link to a specified call agent. Sessions are organized into session

groups, and session groups are organized into session sets. VISM architecture supports up to 64 sessions

and up to 16 session groups; however, Release 2.2 supports one session.

Multiple RUDP links for a specified call agent are set up as sessions in a single group. A group is

required for each call agent for which CCS signaling is to be backhauled. Within a group, each session

is assigned a priority level. When an active session fails, the session manager switches to the next highest

priority backup session within the group. Figure 3-6 shows the hierarchy of RUDP sets, groups, and

sessions.

Figure 3-6 RUDP Session Hierarchy

Session

Set

Session

Group 1

Session

Group 2

Session

Group 3

Sessions to

Call Agent A

Sessions to

Call Agent B

Sessions to

Call Agent C

VISM maintains a set of counters for the collection of statistics at both the Q.921 and Q.931 protocol

levels. The collected statistics include the number of frames/packets/bytes sent and received, the number

of resets, the number of discards and retransmissions, etc. Refer to the CCS session and LAPD display

commands in Chapter 5, “CLI Commands,” for more information on collected statistics for the CCS

session and LAPD display commands.

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ATM Voice Data Processing Function

Use the CLI PRI/backhaul commands to do the following:

•

Create and delete session sets

Create, delete, configure, and display sessions and sessions groups

Create, delete, configure, and display D channels for CCS

Display PRI/backhaul statistics

Refer to Chapter 5, “CLI Commands,” for more information on CLI commands.

CAS Processing in AAL2 Trunking Operating Mode

CAS signaling is extracted from the voice data and is transported across the packet network in AAL2

trunking operating mode. The signaling is transported across the same trunk (VC) and the same channel

identifier (CID) as its associated voice stream, using AAL2 Type 3 messages in accordance with ITU-T

I.366.2. The messages are used for CAS (A,B,C, and D) robbed bits, fax/modem tones, and digits and

are transported with triple redundancy.

CCS Processing in AAL2 Trunking Operating Mode

CCS signaling is maintained as Q.931 messages and transported across the packet network using an

AAL5 PVC in AAL2 trunking operating mode. The local and remote ends of the PVC are the same as

those for the AAL2 PVC trunk carrying the associated voice data.

ATM Voice Data Processing Function

The VISM DSPs process incoming voice data (for compression, ECAN, etc.) and then the data is

prepared for transport over the ATM network. Voice samples are processed into ATM packets and then

into ATM cells in preparation for transport. VISM then transports the cells to Voice over ATM (VoATM)

networks with the following supported operating modes:

•

VoIP

Switched AAL2 PVC

AAL2 trunking

AAL1 SVC

Transporting Voice Cells with VoIP

The VoIP switching operating mode processes voice cells in the following order to transport them over

ATM networks:

1. Formatted into Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) packets.

Note

RTP allows time-stamping of the voice samples, which permits dejittering of the samples

transmitted to the destination TDM line.

2. Encapsulated in a UDP packet.

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Chapter 3 VISM Functional Description

ATM Voice Data Processing Function

3. Encapsulated in an IP packet.

4. Converted to AAL5 ATM cells for transmission to an edge router on the network.

Figure 3-7 shows the protocol stack for VoIP.

Figure 3-7 VoIP Protocol Stack

Voice Payload (RFC 1889)

Signaling and Control (xGCP)

RTP xGCP

UDP

xGCP

UDP

RTP

UDP

(RFC 1483)

AAL5

ATM

PXM

VISM

Router

Call Agent

Remote Media

Gateway

Figure 3-8 shows how a voice sample is packetized and transmitted as cells.

Figure 3-8 VoIP Cell Packetization and Transmission

80 bytes of packetized PCM

(10 ms sample)

80-byte packet + 12-byte RTP header

= 92 bytes

IP (20 bytes) + UDP (8 bytes) + 92 packet

= 120

16 bytes padding

8 bytes AAL5 trailer

= 144 bytes of AAL5 PDU

3 ATM cells per 10 ms

At the layer containing RTP, a 12-byte header is added. At the layer containing UDP, an 8-byte header

is added and at the layer containing IP, a 20-byte header is added for a total of 120.

At the layer containing AAL5, the 8-byte AAL5 trailer is added and the data is padded with 16 bytes to

make an integral number of ATM cell payload bytes. The resulting protocol data unit (PDU) is 144 bytes

in length and is transported in three ATM cells.

A single PVC is set up between the Cisco MGX 8000 series platform and the router. All packets are sent

across the PVC regardless of their destination. The router extracts the IP addresses and routes the cells

accordingly.

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Chapter 3 VISM Functional Description

ATM Voice Data Processing Function

To improve reliability, VISM supports two independent OC-3 interfaces, each connected to a separate

edge router and each with its own PVC. One PVC is designated the primary PVC and the other the

secondary PVC. The primary circuit is used unless it fails, in which case VISM switches automatically

to the secondary circuit. Switchover may cause a temporary 250-ms delay on the lines.

VISM communicates with the packet network about transmitting the voice payload by using the SONET

OC-3 port on the MGX 8000 series platform PXM card. Voice payload samples are formatted and sent

across the MGX 8000 series platform cellbus and onto the SONET connection.

Transporting Voice Cells with Switched AAL2 PVC

The switched AAL2 PVC operating mode transports voice cells with up to 64 PVCs. Multiple calls can

share a single AAL2 connection simultaneously using a CID. Each PVC is assigned a virtual connection

circuit identifier (VCCI). The VCCI/CID to endpoint/DS1/DS0 binding is made dynamically by the call

agent as part of the call setup procedure. However, you can permanently set the binding—which makes

VISM operate as if it were in AAL2 trunking operating mode.

The AAL2 PVC supports AAL2 profiles and mid-call upspeeds. Codec changes can be supported if they

are within the agreed upon profile. The following AAL2 profiles are supported:

•

Custom profile 100

Custom profile 101

Custom profile 110

ITU-T I.366.2 profile 1

ITU-T I.366.2 profile 2

ITU-T I.366.2 profile 7

ITU-T I.366.2 profile 8

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Chapter 3 VISM Functional Description

ATM Voice Data Processing Function

Figure 3-9 shows the packetization process for AAL2 cells.

Figure 3-9 AAL2 Cell Packetization and Transmission

CPS

Packet Header

CPS Packet Payload

CPS-INFO

CID LI UUI HEC

(variable length - from SSCS)

1 - 45/64 bytes

Bits

CPS - Packet

Start

Field

CPS-PDU Payload

Contains zero, one or more (complete or partial) CPS Packets

CPS - PDU

OSF

Pad

1 Bits

0 - 47 bytes

ATM Payload

(CPS-Packet may overlap

one or two ATM cell boundaries)

ATM Payload

(CPS-Packet may overlap

one or two ATM cell boundaries)

ATM

Header

ATM

Header

. . . .

Transporting Voice Cells with AAL2 Trunking

The AAL2 trunking operating mode transports voice cells with up to 64 AAL2 trunks. The CID/virtual

channel identifier (VCI) for each DS1/DS0 pair is preprovisioned, which ensures that DS0 voice streams

are automatically transported over the appropriate trunk.

For CAS applications, voice cells and CAS signaling are transported across the AAL2 trunk. If a channel

is configured for CCS signaling, the signaling is transmitted by extracting HDLC frames and forwarding

them over preprovisioned AAL5 virtual circuits (the voice cells are still transmitted using AAL2).

VISM does not support any call control functions with the AAL2 trunking operating mode. VISM passes

signal traffic across the trunk.

Alarm and packetization handling are the same as in the switched AAL2 PVC operating mode. Refer to

the “Transporting V o ice Cells with Switched AAL2 PVC” section on page 3-13.

Transporting Voice Cells with Switched AAL1 SVC

VISM interacts with a call agent using an xGCP protocol over AAL5 control PVCs. In the switched

AAL1 SVC operating mode, the bearer path is VoAAL1 and the bearer connections are SVCs. VISM

dynamically sets up and tears down bearer connections.

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Call Control Function

Call control is used in the switched AAL2 PVC operating mode only and is managed by the call agents.

The call agent performs the following functions:

•

Analyzes signaling received from VISM cards and other call agents to monitor the status of all

endpoints and connections.

•

Signals VISM cards and other call agents to set up and tear down calls.

Reacts to fax, modem, alarm and other line conditions and events.

Maintains a dial plan to locate the remote call agent using the dialed number.

Negotiates profiles and codecs between the called and calling locations.

These functions require call agent communication with the VISM cards under call agent control and peer

call agents. Figure 3-10 shows the call agent communications links.

Figure 3-10 Call Agent Communications Links

Call Agent

C-ISUP

or SS7

Other Call

Agents

Signaling

Network

IP (xGCP)

Other

MGX 8850s

VISMs

Packet

Network

MGX 8850

with VISM

The interface between the call agent and VISM cards is a gateway call control protocol generically

known as xGCP. The following gateway call control protocols are supported:

•

Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) 0.1 and 1.0

Simple Gateway Control Protocol (SGCP) 1.5

Simple Resource Control Protocol (SRCP)

SRCP enables the VISM card and the call agent to resynchronize. Synchronization occurs when the call

agent first assumes control of VISM or after the call agent loses communication with VISM.

All protocols use a UDP/IP connection between the call agent and the VISM cards. The IP address of

the call agent can be resolved in the following ways:

•

Internal table which you set up with the CLI

External domain name server (DNS)

You can configure VISM to use the internal table and external DNS in the following ways:

•

Internal table only

External DNS only

Internal first and external second

External first and internal second

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Call Control Function

VISM supports up to eleven domain names and each domain name can have up to eight internal and eight

external IP addresses.

Note

The external DNS can have up to eight internal IP addresses only.

The interface between the call agent and other call agents is either Signaling System 7 (SS7) or a Cisco

extended ISDN User Part (C-ISUP).

Connection Model

SGCP and MGCP gateway call control protocols assume a connection model where the basic constructs

are connections and endpoints. Figure 3-11 shows a basic connection model.

Figure 3-11 Connection Model

Call 1

Connection 1

endpoints

Call 2

Connection 2

Connection 3

Connections are grouped into calls. One or more connections can belong to the same call. Several

connections, that may or may not belong to the same call, can terminate in the same endpoint.

The SGCP consists of the following commands:

•

Notification request—Used by the call agent. Requests the gateway to send notifications upon the

occurrence of specified events in an endpoint.

•

Notify Messages—Used by the gateway. Sends a list of observed events to the call agent.

Create connection—Used by the call agent. Sets up a new connection at the gateway.

Modify connection—Used by the call agent. Modifies a gateway’s view of a connection.

Delete connection—Used by the call agent. Terminates a connection.

The MGCP extends SGCP to include the following commands:

•

Audit endpoint—Used by the call agent. Audits information related to a given endpoint.

Audit connection—Used by the call agent. Audits information related to a given connection.

Restart in progress —Used by the gateway (VISM). Signals that an endpoint (or a group of

endpoints) is brought into or taken out of service.

•

Audit gateway—Used by the call agent. Identifies the status of the gateway.

Audit line—Used by the call agent. Identifies the status of a given line.

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Call Control Function

xGCP Extensions for AAL2 Switched PVC and AAL2 SVC Operating Modes

VISM supports the following extensions to the xGCP protocols for AAL2 switched and AAL2 SVC

applications:

•

A new AAL2 Type 3 message type (coded ‘010001’) for telephone signal events (TSEs). The

following are TSEs:

–

ECAN off

Request audible ring tone

Ack continuity test

Request stop audible tone

Request continuity test

•

An extended naming structure to include ATM endpoints. An ATM endpoint enables the following

to be included in the definition of an endpoint:

–

ATM address

virtual path identifier (VPI)

VCI

VCCI

CID

•

An extended list of connection events in MGCP, known as an ATM Package. These events are:

–

Setup complete (for AAL2 CID path)

Setup failed (for AAL2 CID path)

Enable CAS via type 3 packets

Introduction of a Profile Type in call setup commands to describe encoding techniques.

Endpoint Service States

Endpoints exist in one of two service states—in-service (IS) and out-of-service (OOS). The state of an

endpoint is determined by user configuration commands and line alarm conditions. When an endpoint is

added, it automatically assumes the state of the line.

When endpoints are taken OOS, the transition can be graceful or forced. If graceful, no new connections

are permitted while ongoing connections are allowed to terminate normally. If forced, no new

connections are permitted and all ongoing connections are terminated immediately.

You can also bring an endpoint to the IS and OOS states with the following commands, which operate

either on a line-by-line basis or on the entire VISM card:

•

cnflnis—Configure a line as IS

cnflnoos—Configure a line as OOS

cnfgwis—Configure a VISM card as IS

cnfgwoos—Configure a VISM card as OOS

These commands allow you to specify either a graceful or forced transition.

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Call Control Function

If an alarm condition on a line is raised, all endpoints on the line are brought into a forced transition to

OOS. An automatic return to IS is performed when the alarm is cleared, unless a specific OOS command

is executed in the meantime.

Restart In Progress Command

The call agent is kept informed of the state of all endpoints with the xGCP Restart In Progress (RSIP)

command. The following minimum requirements must be met for this process to operate:

•

At least one call agent must be configured using the add media gateway controller (addmgc)

command.

•

A protocol must be added for each media gateway controller using the add media gateway group

entry command (addmgcgrpentry) command.

The VISM card issues an RSIP command in the following situations:

•

One or more endpoints are added or deleted with the following commands:

–

addendpt

addendpts

delendpt

delendpts

•

A line is configured as IS or OOS with one of the following commands:

–

cnflnis

cnflnoos

The VISM card (gateway) is configured as IS or OOS with one of the following commands:

–

cnfgwis

cnfgwoos

The VISM card is powered up or reset.

Note

In this case, the RSIP is delayed by a random amount (up to a configurable maximum

duration) to avoid an avalanche of RSIPs arriving at the call agent when an entire MGX

8000 series platform with multiple VISM cards is powered up or reset.

When the states of multiple endpoints are changed simultaneously, the VISM card minimizes the number

of RSIP commands through the use of the wildcard ( * ) convention of naming endpoints.

When an RSIP is sent to call agents, VISM expects an acknowledgment. If no acknowledgment is

received after a timeout period, the RSIP is sent again. This process is repeated a number of times, after

which, if no acknowledgment is received, an acknowledgment is assumed. You can configure both the

timeout period and the number of retries with the cnfxgcpretry command.

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Chapter 3 VISM Functional Description

Embedded VISM Management Function

Connection Admission Control

The VISM connection admission control (CAC) feature calculates the effect of a new call on the

bandwidth utilization of the ATM PVC before a new call is either admitted or rejected.

Each call requires a connection between two endpoints and requires a certain amount of bandwidth.

Bandwidth is expressed as cells per second (cps) and depends upon the following:

•

Encapsulation method

Coding/compression method

Enabled/disabled VAD

CAC maintains a table of all currently active calls and their bandwidth requirements. When a new call

is requested, CAC calculates the total bandwidth requirements of all the current calls and adds the

bandwidth required by the newly requested call. The new total is then compared with the preprovisioned

bandwidth (cps) of the ATM PVC.

If the new bandwidth total exceeds the preprovisioned bandwidth of the PVC, the call request is rejected.

If the new bandwidth total is less than or equal to the preprovisioned bandwidth of the PVC, the call is

accepted.

You can specify the values of the following VAD parameters in the CAC algorithm:

•

Over-subscription drop ratio

Voice duty cycle

VAD parameter specification allows the CAC algorithm to take into account the bandwidth savings of

VAD and improves the CAC decision-making process. You can specify the values of these parameters at

the card level and at the logical channel level. The default condition is for CAC to be enabled.

Embedded VISM Management Function

VISM management tools allow you to do the following:

•

Configure VISM features

Provision connections

Display VISM configurations

Display VISM statistics

Use any of the following tools to manage and configure the VISM card:

•

CLI—See Chapter 4, “Configuring VISM Features,” for a description of how to configure VISM

using the CLI. See Chapter 5, “CLI Commands,” for a description of the syntax for each CLI

command.

•

Third-party Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) manager—Permits you to display and

manipulate the individual MIB objects.

Cisco WAN Manager (CWM) program—Provides a graphics-based interface on a UNIX

workstation.

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Chapter 3 VISM Functional Description

Embedded VISM Management Function

Figure 3-12 shows an example of a CWM VISM Card Config screen with the card elements displayed.

Figure 3-12 VISM Card Config Screen—Card Elements Display

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Figure 3-13 shows an example of a CWM VISM Card Config screen with the VISM features displayed.

Figure 3-13 VISM Card Config Screen—VISM Features Display

Refer to the WAN CiscoView for the MGX 8250 for more information on using CWM.

All three VISM management tools allow you to access and manipulate the VISM Management

Information Bases (MIBs) that contain all VISM configuration settings, operating modes, and statistics.

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C H A P T E R

Configuring VISM Features

The command line interface (CLI) is a DOS-like interface used to configure VISM cards. This chapter

describes the following:

•

“Using the Command Line Interface” section on page 4-1

“Connecting to Cisco MGX 8000 Series Platforms” section on page 4-2

“Configuring VISM Features” section on page 4-6

Using the Command Line Interface

CLI commands may be followed by a string of required or optional argument identifiers and argument

values. The entire string, from the command to the last argument value, is referred to as a command line.

Spaces are used to separate all elements in a command line. Type the command, any necessary argument

identifiers and argument values, then press Enter.

Note

You must press the Enter key at the end of all CLI command lines to complete the command.

For example, the Add Endpoint command, addendpt, adds an endpoint to VISM and has three required

arguments. An endpoint defines one end of a connection. The addendpt command format is as follows:

addendpt endpt-num ds1-num ds0-num

When you type a command, use argument values to represent the arguments. For example, to add an

endpoint with number 10 on DS1 number 4 and DS0 number 3, the command line is as follows:

addendpt 10 4 3

Some commands require you to type an argument identifier before the argument value. For example, the

Clear Alarm command, clralm, requires you to enter an identifier, -ds1, before the argument value. The

clralm command format is as follows:

clralm -ds1 line-num

To clear alarms on line 4, the command line is as follows:

clralm -ds1 4

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Chapter 4 Configuring VISM Features

Connecting to Cisco MGX 8000 Series Platforms

VISM Command Attributes

Use the information in Table 4-1 to determine the log file attributes, VISM card state requirements for

command use, and personnel privileges for all VISM commands.

Table 4-1 VISM Command Attributes—Log File, Card State, and Privilege Level

Commands that

begin with...

...write to the ...are usable in ...can be used by personnel

log file?

what state?

with what privilege level?

All

add

cc¹

chkflash¹

Yes

Active

All

Active

All

clr

1 to 5

cnf

Yes

del

dsp

All

Help¹

pinglndsp¹

tst

Active

version¹

1. The text shown represents the complete CLI command name.

Note

For a complete description of the CLI commands in this chapter, see Chapter 5, “CLI Commands.”

Connecting to Cisco MGX 8000 Series Platforms

The VISM card operates in the following MGX 8000 Series platforms:

•

Cisco MGX 8850 Release 1, wide area switch

Cisco MGX 8250, edge concentrator

Cisco MGX 8230, edge concentrator

Each platform contains a Processor Module (PXM) back card (see Figure 4-1). Connect your CLI

command administration terminal or workstation to the PXM back card’s control port—locally or

remotely through a modem.

Note

The MGX 8000 Series platform PXM back card contains all connections for managing VISM cards.

The VISM card itself has no physical management ports.

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Chapter 4 Configuring VISM Features

Connecting to Cisco MGX 8000 Series Platforms

Figure 4-1 PXM Back Card

PXM-UI

T1 clock

Maintenance port

Control port

LAN port

E1 clock source

E1 CLOCK

Alarm outputs

Use any of the following devices to connect to a PXM back card:

•

A simple alphanumeric terminal (such as a DEC VT100 or equivalent) connected to the control port

of the MGX 8000 Series platform PXM back card.

A computer emulating an alphanumeric terminal (such as the Microsoft Windows Hyper Terminal

program) connected to the control port of the MGX 8000 Series platform PXM back card.

A computer running a Telnet session over Ethernet and connected to the LAN port on the MGX 8000

Series platform PXM back card.

Logging In to PXM and VISM Cards

Complete the following steps to log in to PXM and VISM cards:

Step 1

Step 2

Physically connect your terminal or workstation to the PXM back card.

The login prompt is displayed:

Type your user name and press Enter.

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Note

The default user name is cisco. You may change this username after your initial login is

complete. Consult the system administrator for valid user names.

The password prompt is displayed:

password:

Step 3

Type your password and press Enter.

For security, the password is displayed as asterisks:

password: *****

Note

The default password is cisco. You may change this password after your initial login is

complete. Consult the system administrator for valid passwords.

The following prompt is displayed:

card number [7]:

Step 4

Step 5

If you know the VISM card slot number of the card you want to configure, proceed to Step 5. If you do

not know the VISM card slot number of the card you want to configure, proceed to Step 6.

Type the VISM card slot number and press Enter.

The VISM card prompt is displayed. See the “VISM Card Prompt” section on page 4-5 for more

information. You have completed logging in to the PXM and VISM cards and can now perform the

mandatory initial VISM card configuration. Proceed to the “Initial VISM Configuration” section on

page 4-6.

Step 6

Step 7

Type the slot number of the active PXM card (either 7 or 8) and press Enter.

The PXM card prompt is displayed:

NODENAME.1.7.PXM.a >

Type the dspcds command to display available card types and press Enter.

A list of available card types and associated states is displayed for the MGX 8000 Series platform with

which you are connected. The display is similar to the following:

NODENAME.1.7.PXM.a > dspcds

Slot CardState

CardType

CardAlarm

Redundancy

---- ----------- --------

--------- -----------

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

1.9

Empty

Active

Empty

Active

Empty

Active

Clear

Minor

Clear

VISM-8T1

PXM1-OC3

VISM-8E1

1.10 Empty

1.11 Active

1.12 Boot

1.13 Active

1.14 Active

1.15 Empty

1.16 Empty

VISM-8T1

VISM-8E1

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1.17 Empty

1.18 Empty

1.19 Empty

1.20 Empty

1.21 Boot

1.22 Empty

1.25 Reserved

1.26 Empty

1.27 Empty

1.28 Active

1.29 Empty

1.30 Empty

1.31 Empty

1.32 Empty

Clear

VISM-8T1

VISM-8E1

NODENAME.1.7.PXM.a >

Step 8

Step 9

Identify, from the list displayed in Step 7, the slot number of the VISM card you want to configure.

Type the cc command (to change card), the VISM card slot number identified in Step 8, and press Enter.

The VISM card prompt is displayed. See the “VISM Card Prompt” section on page 4-5 for more

information.

You have completed logging in to the PXM and VISM cards and can now perform the mandatory initial

VISM card configuration. Proceed to the “Initial VISM Configuration” section on page 4-6.

VISM Card Prompt

The VISM card prompt is displayed when you successfully log in to a VISM card and has the following

format:

NODENAME.1.9.VISM8.a

The VISM card prompt contains the following data:

•

Name of the MGX 8000 Series platform to which you are connected

•

Number of the shelf—always 1

Slot number

Card type

Card state—active (a) or standby (s)

Logging Out of VISM and PXM Cards

Enter one of the following commands to log out of the VISM and PXM cards:

bye

logout

•

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Configuring VISM Features

The CLI allows you to configure all features and functions of VISM. Configure mandatory commands

when you require argument values that are different from the default. Configure optional commands

when necessary.

Perform the following tasks with CLI commands to enable your VISM card applications:

1. Perform the mandatory initial VISM configuration.

2. Perform the initial card-level configuration.

3. Configure the TDM side.

4. Configure bearer processing.

Note

Configure one type of signaling—CAS or CCS—for each application.

5. Configure the ATM network side.

6. Configure the call agent interface.

Note

If you are using a VoIP or an AAL2 trunking application, do not configure a call agent

interface.

Initial VISM Configuration

You must execute a sequence of mandatory commands, specific to your operating mode, to make the

VISM card fully operational. The mandatory commands for each operating mode are listed in Table 4-2

in order of execution. The remainder of this chapter assists you with using these commands, and

commands specific to your operating system.

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Configuring VISM Features

Table 4-2 Mandatory Initial VISM Configuration Command Sequence for All Operating Modes

Operating Mode

Command

cnfvismmode¹

cnfvismip

addport

Notes

—

VoIP Switching

—

addrscprtn

adddn

—

adddnip

Use this command if you are not using an external

DNS.

addmgc

—

addmgcgrpentry

cnfcac

—

addln

—

cnflnsig

—

addendpt

addcon

—

cnftftpdn

addcasvar

cnfcasendpt

addmgcgrpprotocol

cnfdnssrvr

—

Use this command if you are using an external DNS.

Switched AAL2 PVC cnfvismmode¹

—

cnfvismip

addport

addrscprtn

addmgc

cnfcac

addln

cnflnsig

addendpt

addcon

adddn

cnftftpdn

addcasvar

cnfcasendpt

cnfconvcci

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Chapter 4 Configuring VISM Features

Configuring VISM Features

Table 4-2 Mandatory Initial VISM Configuration Command Sequence for All Operating Modes

(continued)

Operating Mode

Command

cnfvismmode¹

addport

addrscprtn

cnfcac

Notes

—

AAL2 Trunking

—

addln

—

cnflnsig

addendpt

addcon

—

addcid

—

addccs

—

1. The cnfvismmode command may be mandatory or optional, depending upon the operating mode with which the VISM card

is seen as displayed on your terminal. A VISM card that is not configured is initially displayed in the VoIP operating mode.

Subsequent accesses to the VISM card result in the card being displayed in the VoIP operating mode or in the operating

mode you have last configured for the card. If the card is displayed as being in the wrong operating mode, the cnfvismmode

command is mandatory to change the operating mode. Use the dspvismparam command to verify the VISM card’s current

operating mode.

Initial Card Level Configuration

You must complete the following configuration tasks when you initially configure your VISM card.

1. Configure the operating mode.

2. Allocate resources.

3. Configure the connection admission control (CAC).

4. Bring VISM into service.

Configuring the Operating Mode

Complete the following steps to configure the correct operating mode for your VISM card immediately

after power is applied:

Step 1

Type the dspvismparam command and press Enter to determine the current VISM operating mode.

Note

A new VISM card (one that has not been configured) is displayed by default in VoIP

operating mode.

The operating mode of the VISM card is displayed in the first line of the VISM card parameter list.

Step 2

If the VISM card operating mode displayed in Step 1 is correct for your application, proceed to the

“Allocating Resources” section on page 4-9. If the VISM card operating mode displayed in Step 1 is not

correct for your application, proceed to Step 3.

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Configuring VISM Features

Step 3

Type the cnfvismmode command, an oper-mode argument value, and press Enter to configure the VISM

operating mode. Specify the oper-mode argument with one of the following values:

•

1 = VoIP switching/VoIP trunking

2 = AAL2 trunking

3 = Switched AAL1 SVC

7 = Switched AAL2 SVC

8 = Switched AAL2 PVC—this mode is not supported in VISM Release 3.0

9 = VoIP and Switched ATM AAL1 SVC

You have completed configuring the operating mode for your VISM card. Proceed to the “Allocating

Resources” section on page 4-9.

Allocating Resources

Complete the following steps to allocate resources—virtual ports, controller resources, and codec

templates—to your VISM card.

Step 1

Step 2

Type the addport command and press Enter to add a virtual port to your VISM card.

This command adds an ATM port on a VISM. There are no arguments for this command. When you add

the ATM port, the bandwidth, VPI range, and VCI range are determined. The VPI range is a single VPI

value, the slot ID. The added port is not detected by the controller until you create a resource partition

(refer to Step 2). The VISM ATM port is pseudo physical.

Type the addrscprtn command, the control-id argument value 1, and press Enter to specify the

controller resources.

Note

Always specify the control-id argument value as 1.

A port can be controlled by more than one controller (for example PNNI and PAR), but supports only

one controller at a time. VISM can create one resource partition for each controller in a non-overlapping

way. The controller number you specify associates a resource partition to a controller. All resources of

a port are associated with the resource partition you specify. When you add a resource partition, the

associated controller detects the port as limited by the resource partition.

Step 3

Type the cnfcodectmpl command, a template-num argument value, and press Enter to specify the codec

template used with your VISM card. Specify the template-num argument with one of the following

values:

•

1 = G.711u, G.711a, G.726-16K, G.726-24K, G.726-32K, G.726-40K, G.729a, and G.729ab codecs,

and clear channel

Note

Template 1 is not supported for the VoIP operating mode.

•

2 = G.711u and G.711a uncompressed codecs, and clear channel

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Configuring VISM Features

•

3 = G.711u, G.711a, G.726-16k, G.726-24k, G.726-32k, G.726-40k, G.729a, and G.729ab codecs

and clear channel

Note

Codec template number 3 = template number 1 with T.38 support added. Maximum

channels = 120.

•

4 = G.711u, G.711a, G. 726-16k, G.726-24k, G.726-32k, G.726-40k, G.729a, G.729ab, G.723.1-H,

G.723.1a-H, G.723.1-L, G.723.1a-L codecs and clear channel

Note

Template 4 supports a maximum of 64 channels for VISM, and a maximum of 144

channels for VISM-PR. The G.723.1 codecs are not supported for the VISM card.

You have completed allocating resources to your VISM card. Proceed to the “Configuring Connection

Admission Control” section on page 4-10.

Configuring Connection Admission Control

Complete the following steps, which allow you to:

•

Enable or disable CAC.

Define CAC parameters.

Configure voiceband data policies for fax/modem carrier loss and fax/modem CAC failure events.

Step 1

Type the cnfcac command, a cac-enable argument value, and press Enter to enable or disable CAC on

your VISM card. Specify the argument with one of the following values:

•

1 = On

2 = Off

Note

If your application does not require CAC, specify the cac-enable argument as value 2 in Step

1 and proceed to the “Placing the VISM Card In Service” section on page 4-11.

Step 2

Step 3

Type the cnfcacparams command, vad-duty-cycle and vad-tol argument values, and press Enter to

configure card level CAC parameter values for VAD tolerance and duty cycle, which are used in CAC

algorithms. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

vad-duty-cycle: In the range from 1 to 99 (default = 61)

vad-tol: In the range from 0 to 10000 (default = 100)

Type the cnfconcacparams command, lcn, vad-tol, and vad-duty-cycle argument values, and press

Enter to configure values for VAD tolerance and duty cycle, which are used in the CAC algorithms, for

a specified logical connection number (PVC). Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

lcn: In the range from 131 to 510

vad-tol: In the range from 1 to 10000 (default = 100)

vad-duty-cycle: In the range from 1 to 99 (default = 61)

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Configuring VISM Features

Step 4

Type the cnfvbdpol command, carrier-loss-pol and cac-reject-pol argument values, and press Enter to

specify card level default policies for a fax/modem carrier loss and a fax/modem CAC failure. Specify

the arguments with the following values:

•

carrier-loss-pol:

–

1 = Revert to the previous codec.

2 = Maintain the upspeed codec.

•

cac-reject-pol:

–

1 = Delete the connection.

2 = Maintain the connection and revert to the previous codec.

You have completed configuring CAC on your VISM card. Proceed to the “Placing the VISM Card In

Service” section on page 4-11.

Placing the VISM Card In Service

Type the cnfgwis command and press Enter to place the VISM card in service. The VISM card prompt

terminates with an a to indicate the in-service state:

NODENAME.1.9.VISM8.a

Placing the VISM Card Out of Service

Type the cnfgwoos command, a oos-method argument value, and press Enter to place the VISM card

out of service. Specify the oos-method argument with one of the following values:

•

2—Forceful

3—Graceful

The VISM card prompt terminates with an s to indicate the out-of-service (standby) state:

NODENAME.1.9.VISM8.s

Configuring the TDM Side

You must perform the following tasks to configure the TDM side of your networking application:

1. Configure T1 and E1 lines.

2. Configure VISM card clocking.

3. Configure DS0 channels.

Configuring T1 and E1 Lines

This section deals with the configuration of the eight physical T1/E1 ports on the VISM back card or, if

bulk distribution is used, the equivalent ports being fed from the Service Resource Module (SRM) card.

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Configuring VISM Features

Complete the following steps to:

•

Add and configure your eight T1 or E1 line ports on the VISM back card.

Add and configure your eight T1 and E1 line ports on the SRM card if your application requires bulk

distribution.

Note

You can configure the DS0s on a line after a line is added and configured.

Step 1

Type the addln command, a line-num argument value, and press Enter to add a line to your VISM card.

Specify the line-num argument value in the range 1 to 8.

The VISM card prompt and line number are displayed.

Step 2

Type the cnfln command, line-num, line-code, line-length, clock-source, line-type, and

loopback-detection argument values, and press Enter to specify the operating parameters for the line

added in Step 1. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

line-num: In the range from 1 to 8

line-code:

–

2 = B8ZS for T1 lines

3 = HDB3 for E1 lines

4 = AMI for T1 or E1 lines

•

line-length:

–

8 = AX-SMB-8E1 and AX-R-SMB-8E1 back card types

9 = AX-RJ48-8E1 and AX-R-RJ48-8E1 back card types

10 to 15 = T1 back cards, where 10 = 0 to 131 ft, 11 = 131 to 162 ft, 12 = 262 to 393 ft, 13 =

393 to 524 ft, 14 = 524 to 655 ft, and 15 = over 655 ft

•

clock-source:

–

1 = Loop clock

2 = Local clock

line-type:

–

1 = DSx1ESF

2 = DSx1D4

3 = E1

4 = E1CRC

5 = E1MF

6 = E1MFCRC

7 = E1 Clear

8 =

9 =

•

loopback-detection:

–

1 = Disabled

2 = Enabled

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Configuring VISM Features

Step 3

Type the cnfalm command, argument identifiers and argument values—-ds1 line-num -red red-sev -rai

rai-sev -neu ne-alarm-up -ned ne-alarm-down -net ne-alarm-thresh -feu fe-alarm-up -fed

fe-alarm-down -fet fe-alarm-thresh—and press Enter to configure a line for alarm condition handling.

Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

-ds1 line-num: In the range from 1 to 8

-red red-sev:

–

1 = Minor

2 = Major

•

-rai rai-sev:

–

1 = Minor

2 = Major

•

-neu ne-alarm-up: In the range from 1 to 65535

-ned ne-alarm-down: In the range from 1 to 65535

-net ne-alarm-thresh: In the range from 1 to 65535

-feu fe-alarm-up: In the range from 1 to 65535

-fed fe-alarm-down: In the range from 1 to 65535

-fet fe-alarm-thresh: In the range from 1 to 65535

Step 4

Type the cnflnsig command, line-num and line-signal-type argument values, and press Enter to

configure the signaling mode for the specified line. Specify the line-num and line-signal-type arguments

with the following values:

•

line-num: In the range from 1 to 8

line-signal-type:

–

1 = CAS

2 = CCS

3 = No signaling

Note

If you choose CAS signaling for a VISM/VISM-PR E1 line, the supported operating

modes are AAL2 trunking and VoIP trunking.

Step 5

Type the cnftrunkcond command, line-num and trunk-cond-enable argument values, and press Enter

to enable or disable trunk line conditioning on a line. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

line-num: In the range from 1 to 8

trunk-cond-enable:

–

1 = On

2 = Off

If you enable trunk line conditioning, VISM conditions the affected DS0 when an alarm indication signal

(AIS) is detected on the ATM side. Trunk line conditioning consists of transmitting an idle code pattern

for 2.5 seconds followed by the seized code specified in the cnfcascode command.

Note

This command is not allowed if endpoints or CCS channels are enabled on the line.

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Step 6

Type the addlnloop command, a line-num argument value, and press Enter to set a specified line to the

local loopback state. Specify the line-num argument in the range from 1 to 8.

Use the dellnloop command to remove the local loopback state on a VISM line.

Note

The VISM CLI has no command for setting a line to the remote loopback state. Use the

cnfbert command on the PXM card to set a line to the remote loopback state.

You have completed configuring T1 and E1 lines for your VISM card. Proceed to the “Placing T1 and

E1 Lines In Service” section on page 4-14.

Placing T1 and E1 Lines In Service

Type the cnflnis command, a line-num argument value, and press Enter to place a T1 or E1 line in

service. Specify the line-num argument in the range from 1 to 8.

Note

If the VISM card is rebooted, this information configuration using this command is lost.

Placing T1 and E1 Lines Out of Service

Type the cnflnoos command, line-num and oos-method argument values, and press Enter to place a T1

or E1 line out of service. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

line-num: In the range from 1 to 8

oos-method:

–

2 = Forceful

3 = Graceful

Configuring the PXM and VISM Cards Clocking Source

Complete the following steps to configure the clocking source on your PXM and VISM cards.

Note

Refer to Appendix A, “VISM and VISM-PR Card Clocking Options,” and the “Expanded Clock

Source Selection” section on page 4-69 for additional instructions on using the commands and

specifying argument values to configure the clocking source on your PXM and VISM cards.

Step 1

Examine the entire configuration of the MGX 8000 Series platform to determine the single clock source.

The type of equipment connected to the VISM T1 or E1 lines may dictate this choice. If the selected

clock source is from one of the VISM T1 or E1 lines, that line must be connected to port 1 of the VISM

back card. See Figure 1-3 on page 1-4 for more information on VISM back cards and port locations.

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Step 2

Type the cnfclksrc command, slot-num.port-num, and clk-type argument values, and press Enter to

configure the PXM card clock source. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

slot-num.port-num:

–

slot-num = 7 or 8, port-num = 1 to n.

Note

Ensure that you type the period with no spaces on either side, between the slot-num

argument value and the port-num argument value.

•

clk-type argument values:

–

P = Primary

S = Secondary

N = Null (no external clocking source; use the PXM card’s internal crystal)

Specify the cnfclksrc command argument values according to the following rules:

•

If the clock source is the external BITS clock (a T1 or E1 port on the PXM back card), specify the

configuration as:

cnfclksrc 7.35 P

Note

Type 7 for the slot number regardless of the PXM card’s location in the chassis. Type 35

for the port number—the BITS port is always port 35.

•

If the clock source is an external signal on one of the PXM OC3 ports, specify the configuration as:

cnfclksrc 7.n P

Note

Type 7 for the slot number regardless of the PXM card’s location in the chassis. The n

port parameter value is the OC3 port number in the range 1 to 4.

•

If the clock source is the PXM’s internal crystal and no other clock source has been specified, do

not configure the clock source. The crystal is the automatic default.

If you want to change the clocking source from external to the PXM card’s internal crystal, specify

the configuration as:

cnfclksrc 7.X N

Note

Type 7 for the slot number regardless of the PXM card’s location in the chassis. The X

argument value is the either 35 or the OC3 port number, depending upon which is the

currently specified source. The null port number argument value cancels the previous

configuration and returns the clocking source to the default internal crystal.

•

If the clock source is from a line on a VISM card, specify the configuration as:

cnfclksrc y.1 P

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Note

The y argument value is the actual slot number of the VISM card. Always type 1 for port

argument value, which represents the line number in this configuration. VISM-PR cards

do not have this requirement.

Step 3

Type the cnfln command, the line-num, line-code, line-length, clock-source, line-type, and

loop-detection argument values, and press Enter to configure the clocking option defined in Step 2 on

your VISM card. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

line-num: In the range from 1 to 8

line-code:

–

2 = B8ZS for T1

3 = HDB3 for E1

4 = AMI for T1 or E1

•

line-length:

–

8 = E1 lines with AX-SMB-8E1 and AX-R-SMB-8E1 back card types

9 = E1 lines with AX-RJ48-8E1 and AX-R-RJ48-8E1 back card types

In the range from 10 to 15 = T1 lines

clock-source:

–

1 = Loop clock—clocking from the T1 or E1 line

Note

If the clocking source is from a line on your VISM card, you must configure that

line—which must be line 1—as loop clock. Configure all remaining lines on all

remaining VISM cards as local.

–

2 = Local—clocking from the PXM card

Note

You must configure all lines on all VISM cards as local if the clocking source to the

VISM cards is from the PXM card.

•

line-type:

–

1 = DSx1ESF

2 = DSx1D4

3 = E1

4 = E1CRC

5 = E1MF

6 = E1MFCRC

7 = E1 clear

•

loop-detection:

–

1 = Disabled

2 = Enabled

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Note

You must include all argument values when using the cnfln command; however, the line-num

and clock-source are the only relevant arguments for configuring the clocking source on your

VISM cards.

You have completed configuring the clocking source for your PXM and VISM cards. Proceed to the

“Configuring DS0 Channels” section on page 4-17.

Configuring the PXM1E or PXM45 Card as Clocking Source

Use the cnfncdpclksrc command to configure the PXM1E or PXM45 card as the primary clock source.

Use the following commands to display and verify your configuration:

•

dspncdpclkinfo

dspncdpclksrc

Refer to the “Related Documentation” section on page xiv for the appropriate document to use the

commands in this section.

Configuring DS0 Channels

You are now ready to configure the 24 (T1) or 31 (E1) DS0 channels on the VISM card’s T1 or E1 lines.

Table 4-3 describes the VISM/VISM-PR DS0 density when the cards are used in combination with the

supported codecs.

Table 4-3 VISM/VISM-PR DS0 Density with Codec Support

VISM

VISM-PR

Codec

G.711

G.723

G.726

G.729

192

—

248

—

192

248

144

248

144

145

192

You must complete the following tasks to configure a DS0 channel:

1. Add and configure DS1 line and DS0 endpoints.

2. Configure CCS or CAS signaling.

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Add and Configure DS1 Lines and DS0 Endpoints

Complete the following steps to add and configure a DS1 line and DS0 endpoints:

Step 1

Type the addendpt command, endpt-num, ds1-num, and ds0-num argument values, and press Enter to

add a DS1 line and a DS0 endpoint. This step ensures that a call with a specified endpoint is tied to a

specific line and channel. Specify the arguments with the following values.

Note

•

If you choose CAS signaling for a VISM/VISM-PR E1 line, the supported operating modes

are AAL2 trunking and VoIP trunking.

endpt-num:

–

For template number 1:

For VISM, in the range from 1 to 145

For VISM-PR T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM-PR E1, in the range from 1 to 248

For template number 2:

–

For VISM T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM E1, in the range from 1 to 248

For template number 3:

For VISM, in the range from 1 to 120

For VISM-PR T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM-PR E1, in the range from 1 to 248

For template number 4:

–

For VISM-PR, in the range from 1 to 144

•

ds1-num: The physical line number in the range 1 to 8

ds0-num:

–

For T1 lines, from 1 to 24

For non-CAS E1 lines, from 1 to 31

For CAS E1 lines, from 1 to 15 and 17 to 31

Note

You must specify DS0 16 for E1 lines if your application requires CAS signaling.

Step 2

Type the addendpts command, start-endpt, start-line-num, start-ds0-num, and endpt-quantity argument

values, and press Enter to add a number of endpoints in one command. Specify the arguments with the

following values:

•

start-endpt:

For template number 1:

–

For VISM, in the range from 1 to 145

For VISM-PR T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM-PR E1, in the range from 1 to 248

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–

For template number 2:

For VISM T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM E1, in the range from 1 to 248

For template number 3:

For VISM, in the range from 1 to 120

For VISM-PR T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM-PR E1, in the range from 1 to 248

For template number 4:

–

For VISM-PR, in the range from 1 to 144

•

start-line-num (DS1 line): In the range from 1 to 8

start-ds0-num (DS0 channel):

–

For T1 lines, from 1 to 24

For non-CAS E1 lines, from 1 to 31

For CAS E1 lines, from 1 to 15 and 17 to 31

•

endpt-quantity:

–

For template number 1:

For VISM, in the range from 1 to 145

For VISM-PR T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM-PR E1, in the range from 1 to 248

For template number 2:

–

For VISM T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM E1, in the range from 1 to 248

For template number 3:

For VISM, in the range from 1 to 120

For VISM-PR T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM-PR E1, in the range from 1 to 248

For template number 4:

–

For VISM-PR, in the range from 1 to 144

Step 3

Type the addendptloop command, an endpt-num argument value, and press Enter to place a specific

endpoint—and so a specific DS1/DS0—into the loopback state in the TDM direction. Specify the

endpt-num argument value from the following ranges:

•

For template number 1:

–

For VISM, in the range from 1 to 145

For VISM-PR T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM-PR E1, in the range from 1 to 248

•

For template number 2:

–

For VISM T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM E1, in the range from 1 to 248

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•

For template number 3:

–

For VISM, in the range from 1 to 120

For VISM-PR T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM-PR E1, in the range from 1 to 248

•

For template number 4:

For VISM-PR, in the range from 1 to 144

–

Step 4

Type the cnfds0loop command, line-num, ds0-num, and loopback-type argument values, and press Enter

to place a specific DS1/DS0 into one of three loopback states. Specify the arguments with the following

values:

•

line-num: In the range from 1 to 8

ds0-num:

–

In the range from 1 to 31 for E1 lines

In the range from 1 to 24 for T1 lines

•

loopback-type:

–

1 = No loopback

2 = Remote loopback

3 = Local loopback

You have completed adding and configuring a DS1 line and DS0 endpoints. Proceed to one of the

following sections:

•

“Configuring TDM Side Signaling for Applications Using CCS” section on page 4-20.

“Configuring TDM Side Signaling for Applications Using CAS” section on page 4-23.

Configuring TDM Side Signaling for Applications Using CCS

Note

If your application requires CAS signaling, proceed to the “Configuring TDM Side Signaling for

Applications Using CAS” section on page 4-23.

CCS signaling uses a dedicated channel on a DS1 line to carry the signaling for the other channels on

the line. You must identify the signaling channel to the VISM card. CCS signaling is used for the

following operating modes:

•

VoIP trunking.

AAL2 trunking—Signaling is transported across the trunk as Q.931 messages in ATM cells using

AAL5.

•

Switched AAL2 PVC—Signaling is backhauled to the call agent using Q.921 frames on the TDM

side and RUDP/UDP/IP/Q.2931 on the call agent side.

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Complete the following steps to add and configure CCS signaling:

Step 1

Type the addccs command, line-num, ds0-num, and lcn argument values, and press Enter to add a CCS

channel to your VISM card. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

line-num: In the range from 1 to 8

ds0-num:

–

In the range from 1 to 24 for T1

In the range from 1 to 31 for E1

•

lcn: In the range from 131 to 510

Step 2

Step 3

If you are configuring CCS for the AAL2 trunking operating mode, the CCS configuration is complete.

Proceed to the “Configuring Bearer Processing” section on page 4-27. If you are configuring CCS for

the VoIP switching operating mode, you must create a Q.921 link access protocol for the D channel

(LAPD) link for the channel and specify its argument values. Proceed to Step 3.

Type the addlapd command, line-num, ds0-num, |lapd-side| and |lapd-app-type| argument values, and

press Enter to add an ISDN PRI channel on a DS1/DS0.

Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

line-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

ds0-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

|lapd-side|:

–

1 = Network (default)

2 = User

•

|lapd-app-type|:

–

1 = PRI (default)

2 = GR-303 (currently unsupported)

Step 4

Type the cnflapdtype command, line-num, ds0-num, and lapd-type argument values, and press Enter to

specify the LAPD stack type. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

line-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

ds0-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

lapd-type:

–

1 = ITU

3 = ATT5ESSPRA

4 = ATT4ESS

6 = NTDMS100PRA

7 = VN2 or 3

8 = INSNet

9 = TR6MPC

10 = TR6PBX

12 = AUSP

13 = NIL

14 = SSETSI

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–

15 = BC303TMC

16 = BC303CSC

17 = NTDMS250

18 = Bellcore

19 = NI2

Step 5

Type the cnflapdwinsize command, line-num, ds0-num, and iframe-num argument values, and press

Enter to specify the LAPD window size. The iframe-num value is the maximum number of outstanding

I-frames that can be accumulated before sending an acknowledgment. Specify the arguments with the

following values:

•

line-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

ds0-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

iframe-num: In the range from 1 to 127

Step 6

Step 7

Type the cnflapdretrans command, line-num, ds0-num, and n200 argument values, and press Enter to

specify the maximum allowable frame retransmissions. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

line-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

ds0-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

n200: In the range from 1 to 10

Type the cnflapdtimer command, line-num, ds0-num, frame-trans-time, and frame-exchange-time

argument values, and press Enter to specify the two LAPD timers. Specify the arguments with the

following values:

•

line-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

ds0-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

frame-trans-time (time, at the end of which, a frame transmission can be initiated):

–

1000 to 1023000 for PRI (specify in increments of 50 ms)

100 to 350 for GR-303 (specify in increments of 50 ms)

Note

•

The specified value for frame-trans-time must be less than the specified value for

frame-exchange-time.

frame-exchange-time (maximum time allowed without frames being exchanged) argument values:

–

1000 to 1023000 for PRI (specify in increments of 10000 ms)

10000 to 300000 for GR-303 (specify in increments of 10000 ms)

You have completed adding and configuring CCS. Proceed to the “Configuring Bearer Processing”

section on page 4-27.

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Configuring TDM Side Signaling for Applications Using CAS

Note

If your application requires CCS, see the “Configuring TDM Side Signaling for Applications Using

CCS” section on page 4-20.

CAS signaling is used for the following operating modes:

•

VoIP trunking.

VoIP switching—TDM side signaling is translated in xGCP messages to the call agent.

AAL2 trunking—Signaling is transported across the trunk as Q.931 messages in AAL2 cells using

AAL5.

•

Switched AAL2 PVC—Signaling is backhauled to the call agent using xGCP on the TDM side and

Reliable User Datagram Protocol (RUDP)/User Datagram Protocol (UDP)/IP/Q.2931 on the call

agent side.

Complete the following steps to add and configure CAS signaling.

Note

If you choose CAS signaling for a VISM/VISM-PR E1 line, the supported operating modes are

AAL2 trunking and VoIP trunking. In addition Step 1 through Step 8 and Step 11 through Step 13

are used only in the VoIP switching and switched AAL2 PVC operating modes.

Step 1

Type the cnfcasparamsource command, endpt-num and cas-source argument values, and press Enter

to configure the source of CAS-related timer parameters for a specified endpoint. Specify the arguments

with the following values:

•

endpt-num:

–

For template number 1:

For VISM, in the range from 1 to 145

For VISM-PR T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM-PR E1, in the range from 1 to 248

For template number 2:

–

For VISM T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM E1, in the range from 1 to 248

For template number 3:

For VISM, in the range from 1 to 120

For VISM-PR T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM-PR E1, in the range from 1 to 248

For template number 4:

–

For VISM-PR, in the range from 1 to 144

•

cas-source:

–

1 = CAS application file

2 = Current VISM MIB file

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Note

The cnfcasparamsource command permits different CAS-related timer values for different

endpoints, but all are associated with the same CAS variant.

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Type the cnfcasonhooktime command, endpt-num and onhooktime argument values, and press Enter to

specify the minimum time an on hook-pattern must be present to be recognized as an on-hook signal.

Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

endpt-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

onhooktime: In the range from 10 to 1000

Type the cnfcasoffhooktime command, endpt-num and offhooktime argument values, and press Enter

to specify the minimum time an off-hook pattern must be present to be recognized as an off-hook signal.

Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

endpt-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

offhooktime: In the range from 10 to 1000

Type the cnfcaswinktime command, endpt-num, min-make-time, max-make-time, and min-break-time

argument values, and press Enter to specify the minimum and maximum make times and the minimum

break time. A wink begins with an on-hook pattern, goes to off-hook, and returns to on-hook. Specify

the arguments with the following values:

•

endpt-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

min-make-time: In the range from 10 to 1000

max-make-time: In the range from 10 to 3000

min-break-time: In the range from 10 to 1000

Note

All three make and break duration time argument values must be observed for the signaling

sequence to be recognized as a wink.

Step 5

Step 6

Type the cnfcasglaretime command, endpt-num and glaretime argument values, and press Enter to

specify the glare time. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

endpt-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

glaretime: In the range from 10 to 1000

Type the cnfcasguardtime command, endpt-num and guardtime argument values, and press Enter to

specify the guard time. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

endpt-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

guardtime argument values:

–

In the range from 10 to 1000

Step 7

Type the cnfcasdialdelay command, endpt-num and dial-delay argument values and press Enter to

configure the CAS dial delay (wait time).

Dial delay is the time that VISM waits before sending dialing digits after sending an off-hook event.

Note

The cnfcasdialdelay command applies to immediate start protocols only.

Specify the arguments with the following values:

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•

endpt-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

dial-delay: In the range from 10 to 1000

Step 8

Step 9

To configure CAS for the switched AAL2 PVC operating mode, proceed to Step 11. To configure CAS

for the AAL2 trunking operating mode, proceed to Step 9.

Type the cnfcascode command, endpt-num, |endpt-num|, idle-code, and seized-code argument values

and press Enter to specify the idle and seized codes for one or more endpoints. Specify the arguments

with the following values:

•

endpt-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

Note

If the |endpt-num| optional argument value is used in combination with this argument,

the endpt-num argument value is the first endpoint in a consecutive range of endpoints.

•

|endpt-num|:

–

For template number 1:

For VISM, in the range from 1 to 145

For VISM-PR T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM-PR E1, in the range from 1 to 248

For template number 2:

–

For VISM T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM E1, in the range from 1 to 248

For template number 3:

For VISM, in the range from 1 to 120

For VISM-PR T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM-PR E1, in the range from 1 to 248

For template number 4:

–

For VISM-PR, in the range from 1 to 144

Note

The |endpt-num| optional argument value indicates the last endpoint in a consecutive

range of endpoints.

•

idle-code (4-bit idle code): In the range from 0 to 15 represents the four A, B, C, and D signaling as

bits 3, 2, 1, and 0 respectively with bit 3 the most significant.

seized-code (4-bit seized code): In the range from 0 to 15 represents the four A, B, C, and D

signaling as bits 3, 2, 1, and 0 respectively with bit 3 the most significant.

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Step 10 Type the cnfds0localcas command, line-num, ds0-num, local-cas-enable, and local-cas-pattern

argument values, and press Enter to configure a local CAS bit pattern for a T1 line and DS0.

Note

The cnfds0localcas command is not allowed if the line is E1 or not enabled, or the DS0 is in

a remote loop state, or if the line signaling type is CAS.

Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

line-num: 1 to 8 (T1 lines only)

ds0-num: 1 to 24

local-cas-enable:

–

1 = Enable

2 = Disable

•

local-cas-pattern: In the range from 1 (default) to 15

Note

If the local-cas-enable argument value = 1, you must specify a local-cas-pattern

argument value.

Step 11 Type the addcasvar command, var-name, file-name and |source| argument values, and press Enter to

add a CAS variant to your VISM card.

Note

A file containing the CAS variant information must be downloaded to your MGX 8000 Series

PXM card using a separate application (TFTP) before you can execute this command.

Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

var-name (name of the CAS variant): A text string of 1 to 64 alphanumeric characters.

file-name:

–

wink_did_dod.o = wink start

ground_start.o = ground start

wink_did_dod_mf.o = wink start multifrequency

q50.o = Q.50

fgd_ea_incoming.o = for endpoints connected to an end office

fgd_ea_outgoing.o = for endpoints connected to an access carrier

fgd_os_e911.o = for endpoints connected to FDG OSS (Feature group D operator services

system.

–

loop_start.o = loop start

delay_did_dod.o = dial delay, DTMF

delay_did_dod_mf.o = dial delay, MF

immed_did_dod.o = immediate start

immed_did_dod_mf.o = immediate start, MF

In the range from 1 to 32 alphanumeric characters—user configured files only.

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•

|source| (CAS variant file location):

–

1 = Unspecified. If TFTP domain is configured, the location is the TFTP server. If not found in

the TFTP server, the file is treated as built-in.

–

2 = User configured (built-in) file location.

3 = External—resides on the TFTP server.

Step 12 Type the cnfcasvar command, var-name, country-code, partial-time, critical-time, and

interdigit-timeout argument values, and press Enter to configure a CAS variant and CAS timing

parameters for the variant added in Step 11. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

var-name: Type the value used in Step 11.

country-code: The two-character country code of the variant.

partial-time (partial dial time): In the range from 10 to 10000, in increments of 10 seconds.

critical-time (critical timing): In the range from 0 to 10000, in increments of 10 seconds.

interdigit-timeout (interdigit timeout for MF digits): In the range from 1 to 10 seconds.

Step 13 Type the cnfcasendpt command, endpt-num and var-name argument values, and press Enter to

associate an endpoint with a CAS variant. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

endpt-num: Type a value used in Step 9.

var-name: Type the value used in Step 11.

You have completed adding and configuring CAS signaling. Proceed to the “Configuring Bearer

Processing” section on page 4-27.

Configuring Bearer Processing

Processing of the bearer payload takes place either upon receipt of the payload from a T1 or E1 line or

prior to transmission over a T1 or E1 line. You must complete the following tasks to configure bearer

processing:

1. Configure codecs.

2. Configure ECAN.

3. Configure jitter.

Configuring Codecs

Complete the following steps to assign and configure a codec template:

Step 1

Type the cnfcodectmpl command, a template-num argument value, and press Enter to specify a codec

template. Specify the template-num argument value from the following:

•

1 = G.711u, G.711a, G.726-16k, G.726-24k, G.726-32k, G.726-40k, G.729a, and G.729ab codecs,

and clear channel

Note

Template 1 is not supported for the VoIP operating mode.

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•

2 = G.711u and G.711a codecs, and clear channel

Note

The cnfcodectmpl command is included in the “Allocating Resources” section on page 4-9

but is included here for your convenience.

•

3 = G.711u, G.711a, G.726-16k, G.726-24k, G.726-32k, G.726-40k, G.729a, and G.729ab codecs,

clear channel, and T.38 fax transfer

4 = G.711u, G.711a, G. 726-16k, G.726-24k, G.726-32k, G.726-40k, G.729a, G.729ab, G.723.1-H,

G.723.1a-H, G.723.1-L, G.723.1a-L codecs and clear channel

Step 2

Type the cnfcodecparams command, codec-type, codec-pkt-period, |preference, codec-string, and

iana-type| argument values, and press Enter to specify various codec parameters for use in the VoIP

operating mode.

The packetization period is defined in three separate commands depending upon the ATM method used:

•

Use the cnfcodecparams command for VoIP switching applications. Complete this step.

Use the addcid command for AAL2 trunking applications. See the “Configuring AAL2 Trunking

Operating Mode Parameters” section on page 4-36.

•

Use the addrtpcon command for AAL2 trunking applications.

Use the cnfprofelemvoice command for switched AAL2 PVC applications. See the “Configuring

Switched AAL2 PVC Operating Mode Parameters” section on page 4-38.

Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

codec-type: In the range from 1 to 14.

codec-pkt-period:

–

•

preference:

–

0 = Ignore preference

In the range from 1 (highest) to 13 (lowest).

•

codec-string: In the range from 1 to 20 ASCII characters.

iana-type (IANA registered codec type): In the range from 0 to 96.

Step 3

Type the cnfcodecneg command, the codec-priority argument value, and press Enter to specify a codec

preference order when there are several codec lists—from the call agent local connection option (LCO)

list, local MIB, or a list received from the remote gateway in the session description protocol (SDP) data.

Specify the codec-priority argument value with one of the following:

•

1 = LCO list, remote SDP data list, local MIB

2 = LCO list, local MIB, remote SDP data list

3 = Remote SDP data list, LCO list, local MIB

4 = Remote SDP data list, local MIB, LCO list

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•

5 = Local MIB, LCO list, remote SDP data list

6 = Local MIB, remote SDP data list, LCO list

You have completed assigning and configuring the codec template. Proceed to the “Configuring ECAN”

section on page 4-29.

Configuring ECAN

Complete the following steps to enable and configure echo cancellation (ECAN) on a line-by-line basis:

Step 1

Type the cnfecanenable command, line-num and ecan-enable argument values, and press Enter to

enable (or disable) ECAN for a line. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

line-num: In the range from 1 to 8.

ecan-enable:

–

1 = Disable

2 = Enable

Step 2

Type the cnfecanrec command, line-num and res-echo-control argument values, and press Enter to set

the residual echo control. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

line-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

res-echo-control:

–

1 = Cancel only

2 = Suppress residual

4 = Comfort noise

Step 3

Type the cnfecantail command, line-num and max-ecan-tail argument values, and press Enter to specify

the ECAN algorithm’s maximum tail length. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

line-num: Type the value used in Step 1.

max-ecan-tail (defined in milliseconds):

–

112

128

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Step 4

Type the cnferl command, the echo-ret-loss argument value, and press Enter to specify the ECAN

algorithm’s return echo loss applied by ECAN DSPs, in decibels. Specify the echo-ret-loss argument

with one of the following values:

•

echo-ret-loss:

–

1 = 0 dB

2 = 3 dB

3 = 6 dB

4 = 1 dB

Step 5

Type the cnfconvbdpol command, lcn, carrier-loss-pol, and cac-reject-pol argument values, and press

Enter to specify the fax/modem upspeed connection admission control (CAC) failure and carrier loss

policies for a channel. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

lcn (logical channel number): In the range from 131 to 510.

carrier-loss-pol (carrier loss policy):

–

1 = Revert to the previous codec

2 = Maintain the upspeed codec

3 = Unspecified

•

cac-reject-pol (CAC rejection policy):

–

1 = Delete the connection

2 = Maintain the connection

3 = Unspecified

You have completed enabling and configuring ECAN on your lines. Proceed to the “Configuring Jitter”

section on page 4-30.

Configuring Jitter

You can dejitter the voice payload to improve the quality of the egress voice stream.

Note

If your application uses the AAL2 trunking operation mode, you cannot change the jitter parameters

while the CIDs are active.

Complete the following steps to specify and configure jitter mode:

Step 1

Step 2

Type the cnfjtrmode command, the jitter-mode argument value, and press Enter to set the jitter mode.

Specify the jitter-mode argument with one of the following values:

•

1 = Fixed buffer size; recommended value if the jitter amount is expected to be constant or near

constant.

•

2 = Adaptive; you specify a starting buffer size and VISM adapts the buffer size to handle jitter.

If you chose a fixed buffer size in Step 1, you have completed configuring jitter. Proceed to the

“Configuring the A T M Network Side” section on page 4-31. If you chose an adaptive buffer size in

Step 1, proceed to Step 3.

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Step 3

Type the cnfjtrinitdelay command, the jitter-buffer-size argument value, and press Enter to specify the

starting buffer size. Specify the jitter-buffer-size argument (defined in bytes) with a value from one of

the following ranges:

•

For template numbers 1, 3, and 4, in the range from 0 to 100 in increments of 10.

For template number 2, in the range from 0 to 100 in increments of 5.

You have completed configuring jitter. Proceed to the “Configuring the A T M Network Side” section on

page 4-31.

Configuring PNNI for AAL1/AAL2 SVCs

Use the cnfpncon command to configure Private Network-to-Network Interface (PNNI) priority routing

for AAL1/AAL2 switched virtual circuits (SVCs). Refer to Chapter 5, “CLI Commands,” for more

information on using the cnfpncon command.

Configuring the ATM Network Side

Configuring the ATM network side consists of setting up ATM PVCs across the network and providing

the mechanism by which calls are routed over the correct PVC. The PVC configuration depends on the

VISM operating mode you require for your application.

•

The Voice over IP switching operating mode requires you to set up an AAL5 PVC between the

VISM card and the PXM card, and then to an edge router. A single PVC is set up (a secondary PVC

may also be set up for redundancy). The PVC is used for bearer voice traffic and gateway protocol

communication between VISM and the call agent. The router extracts the IP frames from the ATM

cells and routes the frames accordingly.

•

The AAL2 trunking operating mode requires you to set up as many as 64 AAL2 PVCs connected to

each remote location supported by the network. The PVCs carry voice traffic and optional CAS

signaling.

Each PVC is set up as three segments consisting of two local segments and one network segment.

The local segments are set up between the two VISM cards (one at the end of the PVC) and their

respective PXM cards. The network segment is set up between the two PXM cards across the

network. Refer to the Cisco MGX 8250 and MGX 8230 Release l installation and configuration

guides for more information.

In AAL2 trunking operating mode, you must bind endpoints to specific DS0s using the

addendpoint(s) commands. You must also create CIDs (connection identifiers) for each PVC that

binds the endpoints to the CID and a PVC. This ensures that calls arriving at a specific DS0 are

automatically routed to the preconfigured CID and PVC over nailed-down trunks. There is no

switched or call agent involvement.

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•

The switched AAL2 PVC operating mode requires you to set up as many as 64 AAL2 PVCs

connected to each remote location supported by the network. The PVCs carry voice traffic across

the ATM network.

Each PVC is set up as three segments consisting of two local segments and one network segment.

The local segments are set up between the two VISM cards (one at the end of the PVC) and their

respective PXM cards. The network segment is set up between the two PXM cards across the

network. Refer to the Cisco MGX 8850 Release 1 installation and configuration guides for more

information.

In switched AAL2 PVC operating mode, you must bind endpoints to specific DS0s using the

addendpoint(s) commands. You must also create VCCIs (virtual circuit connection identifiers),

which identify each PVC and associate each PVC with a specific remote ATM address. At call setup

time, the call agent informs VISM which VCCI to use for the call and instructs VISM to set up a

CID for transport across the VCCI. This ensures that the binding of a DS0 to a CID and PVC is

dynamic by using of the called address.

Configuring PVC Connections for All Operating Modes

Complete the following steps to configure PVC connections for all operating modes:

Step 1

Type the addcon command, local-vci, pref-level, pvc-conn-type, conn-app, peak-cell-rate, conn-type,

|remote-conn-id, service-type, sus-cell-rate, and max-burst-rate| argument values, and press Enter to

add an ATM PVC between the VISM card and the MGX 8000 Series platform PXM card. Specify the

addcon command arguments with the following values:

•

local-vci: In the range from 131 to 510.

pref-level:

–

1 = Primary

2 = Secondary (for redundancy)

•

pvc-conn-type:

–

1 = AAL5

2 = AAL2

3 = AAL1

conn-app:

–

1 = Control

2 = Bearer

3 = Signaling

peak-cell-rate (defined as cells per second):

–

In the range from 1 to 80000 for VoIP bearer.

In the range from 1 to 20000 for VoIP control.

In the range from 1 to 50000 for AAL2 T1.

In the range from 1 to 60000 for AAL2 E1.

In the range from 1 to 400 for AAL2 signaling (trunking).

In the range from 1 to 90000 for AAL5 bearer.

In the range from 1 to 10000 for AAL5 control.

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•

conn-type (type of connection):

–

1 = Master

2 = Slave (default)

|remote-conn-id| (remote connection identifier):

–

Type the value in the following format: nodename.slot.port.vpi.vci

Note

Use the optional |remote-conn-id| argument only if you selected the conn-type argument

value of 1 (master).

•

|service-type|:

–

1 = Constant bit rate (CBR)

2 = Variable bit rate real time, VBR (RT)

3 = Variable bit rate non-real time, VBR (NRT)

4 = VBR (RT) 3

5 = VBR (RT) 2

6 = VBR (NRT) 2

7 = VBR (NRT) 3

•

|sus-cell-rate| (sustainable cell rate):

In the range from 1 to the value you specified for the peak-cell-rate argument.

|max-burst-rate| (maximum number of cells transmitted at the peak cell rate):

In the range from 1 to 10 times the value you specified for the sus-cell-rate argument.

–

Step 2

Type the cnfcon command, lcn, peak-cell-rate, service-type, sus-cell-rate, and max-burst-rate argument

values and press Enter if you need to refine the configuration parameters of the connection added in Step

1 and identify the connection by the logical channel number. Specify the arguments with the following

values:

•

lcn: Type the value you entered for the local-vci argument in Step 1.

peak-cell-rate (defined as cells per second):

–

In the range from 1 to 80000 for VoIP bearer.

In the range from 1 to 20000 for VoIP control.

In the range from 1 to 50000 for AAL2 T1.

In the range from 1 to 60000 for AAL2 E1.

In the range from 1 to 400 for AAL2 signaling (trunking).

In the range from 1 to 90000 for AAL5 bearer.

In the range from 1 to 10000 for AAL5 control.

Note

The peak-cell-rate argument value cannot be changed if the calls or connections for

signaling and control are active.

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•

service-type:

–

1 = Constant bit rate (CBR)

2 = Variable bit rate real time—VBR (RT)

3 = Variable bit rate non-real time—VBR (NRT)

4 = VBR (RT) 3

5 = VBR (RT) 2

6 = VBR (NRT) 2

7 = VBR (NRT) 3

•

sus-cell-rate (sustained cell rate, defined as cells per second):

In the range from 15 to the value you specified for the peak-cell-rate argument.

max-burst-rate (maximum burst rate, defined as cells per second):

In the range from 1 to 10 times the value you specified for the sus-cell-rate argument.

–

Step 3

Type the addconloop command, the lcn argument value, and press Enter to set a loopback on a VISM

PVC with the loopback in the direction of cellbus. Specify the lcn argument value with a value in the

range from 131 to 510.

Note

You can use the delconloop command to remove a loopback on a VISM PVC.

You have completed configuring PVC connections. Proceed to one of the following sections, as

appropriate:

•

Configuring V o IP Switching/Trunking Operating Mode Parameters, page 4-34.

Configuring AAL2 Trunking Operating Mode Parameters, page 4-36.

Configuring Switched AAL2 PVC Operating Mode Parameters, page 4-38.

Configuring VoIP Switching/Trunking Operating Mode Parameters

Complete the following steps to configure VoIP switching operating mode parameters:

Step 1

Type the cnfconprotect command, lcn, protect-enable, lock-state, and second-lcn argument values, and

press Enter to configure primary and secondary PVCs to provide protection in the event of a PVC

failure. Specify the argument with the following values:

•

lcn: In the range from 131 to 510.

protect-enable:

–

1 = On

2 = Off

•

lock-state:

–

1 = Unlock

2 = Lock

second-lcn (secondary LCN): In the range from 131 to 510.

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Step 2

Type the cnfdeftos command, control-prec, control-tos, |bearer-prec|, and |bearer-tos| argument values,

and press Enter to configure the type of service for both control and bearer IP packets.

Note

If you do not execute the cnfdeftos command, card level default values are used.

Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

control-prec: In the range from 0 to 7 (default = 3)

control-tos (type of service for control packets):

–

0 (default)

•

bearer-prec: In the range from 0 to 7 (default = 5)

bearer-tos (type of service for bearer packets):

–

0 (default)

Note

The bearer-prec and bearer-tos arguments are used during call setup in cases where

values are not supplied by a call agent.

Step 3

Type the cnfvoiptransparams command, dtmf-trans, cas-trans, and |event-neg-enable|, |event-neg-pol|,

and |sid-type| argument values, and press Enter to configure the VoIP transportation characteristics

across the network. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

dtmf-trans (DTMF tones relayed to the other endpoint):

–

1 = On

2 = Off

cas-trans (CAS bits relayed to the other endpoint):

–

1 = On

2 = Off

event-neg-enable (Optional):

–

1 = On

2 = Off

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•

event-neg-pol (Optional; event negotiation policy):

–

1 = None

2 = Proprietary (default)

3 = All

•

sid-type (Optional; SID payload type): In the range from 0 to 255 (default = 13)

You have completed configuring the VoIP switching operating mode parameters. Proceed to the

“Configuring the Call Agent Interface” section on page 4-44.

Configuring AAL2 Trunking Operating Mode Parameters

Complete the following steps to configure AAL2 trunking operating mode parameters:

Step 1

Type the addcid command, endpt-num, lcn, cid-num, codec-type, profile-type, profile-num, |vad-enable,

vad-init-timer, ecan-enable, type-3-red, cas-trans, dtmf-trans, idle-code-sup, and pkt-period| argument

values, and press Enter to add a channel identifier (CID) to an AAL2 PVC.

The CID is a mechanism within AAL2 that allows multiple calls to be transported across a single AAL2

PVC. The addcid command binds an endpoint to a logical channel (PVC). Specify the arguments with

the following values:

•

endpt-num (endpoint to be related to the LCN/CID pair being added):

–

For template number 1:

For VISM, in the range from 1 to 145

For VISM-PR T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM-PR E1, in the range from 1 to 248

For template number 2:

–

For VISM T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM E1, in the range from 1 to 248

For template number 3:

For VISM, in the range from 1 to 120

For VISM-PR T1, in the range from 1 to 192

For VISM-PR E1, in the range from 1 to 248

For template number 4:

–

For VISM-PR, in the range from 1 to 144

•

lcn (LCN of the LCN/CID pair): In the range from 131 to 510.

cid-num (CID of the LCN/CID pair): In the range from 8 to 255.

codec-type:

–

1 = G.711u

2 = G.711a

3 = G.726-32k

4 = G.729a

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–

5 = G.729ab

6 = Clear channel (VAD must be off)

7 = G.726-16k

8 = G.726-24k

9 = G.726-40k

11 = G.723-H

12 = G.723a-H

13 = G.723.1-L

14 = G.723.1a-L

•

profile-type (used for the CID):

–

1 = International Telecommunication Union (ITU) I.366.2

3 = Custom

profile-num:

–

1 = for the ITU profile

2 = for the ITU profile

3 = for the ITU profile

7 = for the ITU profile

8 = for the ITU profile

12 = for the ITU profile

100 = for custom profiles

101 = for custom profiles

110 = for custom profiles

200 = for custom profiles

•

vad-enable:

–

1 = On

2 = Off

•

vad-init-timer (holdover timer; in milliseconds): In the range from 250 to 65535 (default = 250)

ecan-enable:

–

1 = On (default)

2 = Off

•

type-3-red (triple redundancy protection for CAS type 3 packets):

–

1 = On

2 = Off

cas-trans:

–

1 = On (default)

2 = Off

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•

dtmf-trans (DTMF tone transport as AAL2 type 3 packets):

–

1 = On (default)

2 = Off

Note

The dtmf-trans argument value must be set to 1 (on) when the codec-type is configured

for codecs other than G.711 and G.726.

•

idle-code-sup (idle code suppression):

–

1 = On

2 = Off

pkt-period (defined in milliseconds):

–

The pkt-period argument requires you to configure packetization in the following ways for the other

two operating modes:

–

Use the cnfcodedecparams for the VoIP operating mode.

Use the cnfprofelemvoice command for the switched AAL2 PVC operating mode. See the

“Configuring Switched AAL2 PVC Operating Mode Parameters” section on page 4-38 for more

information.

Step 2

Type the cnfaal2subcellmuxing command, the mux-enable argument value, and press Enter to enable

or disable subcell multiplexing. Specify the mux-enable argument with one of the following values:

•

1 = On

2 = Off

You have completed configuring the AAL2 trunking operating mode parameters.

Configuring Switched AAL2 PVC Operating Mode Parameters

Note

The switched AAL2 PVC operating mode is not supported in VISM Release 3.0.

You must complete the following tasks to configure the switched AAL2 PVC operating mode

parameters:

1. Configure a virtual circuit connection identifier (VCCI).

2. Modify the AAL2 PVC profile table.

Note

Modifying the AAL2 PVC profile table is not mandatory.

3. Configure AAL2 PVC parameters.

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Configuring a Virtual Circuit Connection Identifier

Complete the following steps to configure a VCCI for the switched AAL2 PVC operating mode:

Step 1

Type the cnfconvcci command, lcn, vcci-num, addr-type, and |fe-addr| argument values, and press Enter

to create a new VCCI with an associated logical channel number and a remote ATM address. Specify the

arguments with the following values:

•

lcn: In the range from 131 to 510.

vcci-num: In the range from 0 to 65535.

addr-type (address type):

–

1 = Not applicable

2 = Network service access point (NSAP); a 20-byte hexadecimal address

3 = E.164 public network addressing; a 1- to 15-byte decimal address

4 = Gateway ID; a 1- to 64-byte ASCII character address

5 = Unspecified

•

|fe-addr|: The actual remote address

Step 2

Repeat Step 1, as needed, to configure VCCIs on other LCNs.

You have completed configuring VCCIs for the switched AAL2 PVC operating mode. Proceed to the

“Modifying the AAL2 PVC Operating Mode Profile Table” section on page 4-39.

Modifying the AAL2 PVC Operating Mode Profile Table

A profile table is associated with each AAL2 operating mode. This profile table specifies the encoding

format, which tells the card how to interpret the packets.

You can use the dspaal2profile command to see the values for a profile type. Example 4-1 shows the

default values for ITU profile type 1.

Example 4-1 Default Values for ITU Profile 1

nodename.1.28.VISM8.a > dspaal2profile 1 1

UUI

Codepoint

Range

Packet

Length

(octets) Codec

Packet Seq. No.

Time

(ms)

Interval

(ms)

SID

No SID 1

0-15

PCMU

PCMA

Table 4-4 describes the fields shown in the display.

Table 4-4 dspaal2profile Field Descriptions

Field

Description

User-to-user indication.

UUI Codepoint Range

Packet Length (octets)

Codec

Packet length for the encoding format.

Type of codec.

SID

Silence insertion descriptor.

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Table 4-4 dspaal2profile Field Descriptions (continued)

Field Description

Multiple of the service data unit (SDU) for the

profile. The SDU is the smallest packet length.

Packet Time (ms)

Voice packetization period.

Sequence number interval.

Seq. No. Interval (ms)

VISM/VISM-PR creates the profile table with the defaults that are listed in Table 4-5. This table is a

summary of the output from the dspaal2profile command.

Table 4-5 AAL2 Operating Mode Profiles

UUI

Voice

Packet

Period

Sequence

Number

Interval

Voice Band

Voice Band Data Packet

Data Codec Period

Profile Profile

Codepoint Packet

Type

ITU

Number Range

Length Voice codec VAD

0–15

0–7

G.711u

Off

G.711u

SIDG

G.711u

G.726–16k

G.726–24k

G.726–32k

G.726–40k

G.711u

ITU

SIDG

Off

G.711u

G.729a

G.729ab

G.711u

SID729

Off

G.726–32k Off

G.729a

Off

G.729ab

G.723.1-H

SID729

Off

ITU

G.711u

G.723.1a-H SID723

G.723.1-L Off

G.723.1a-L SID723

Custom 100

Custom 101

G.711u

SIDG

Off

G.711u

8–15

0–7

G.726-32

G.711u

8–15

G.726-32

G.729a

Off

G.729ab

SID729

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Table 4-5 AAL2 Operating Mode Profiles (continued)

UUI

Voice

Packet

Period

Sequence

Number

Interval

Voice Band

Voice Band Data Packet

Data Codec Period

Profile Profile

Type

Codepoint Packet

Number Range Length Voice codec VAD

Custom 110

0–7

G.711u

SIDG

Off

G.711u

8–15

0–15

G.726-32

G.729a

G.729ab

SID729

Off

Custom 200

Clear

G.711u

channel

Complete the following steps to assign a profile preference and to modify the packet period and SID

values of the profile table, as necessary.

Note

Modifying the AAL2 PVC profile table is not mandatory. Proceed to the “Configuring AAL2 PVC

Parameters” section on page 4-43 if the values shown in Table 4-5 are correct for your application

and configuration requirements.

Step 1

Type the cnfprofparams command, profile-type, profile-num, and profile-pref argument values, and

press Enter to specify the preference for a given profile during call setup profile negotiation. Specify

the arguments with the following values:

•

profile-type:

–

1 = ITU

3 = Custom

•

profile-num:

–

1 = for the ITU profile

2 = for the ITU profile

3 = for the ITU profile

7 = for the ITU profile

8 = for the ITU profile

12 = for the ITU profile

100 = for custom profiles

101 = for custom profiles

110 = for custom profiles

200 = for custom profiles

•

profile-pref:

–

0 = No preference; excludes a profile from negotiation

In the range from 1 (highest) to 9 (lowest)

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Step 2

Type the cnfprofelemvoice command, profile-type, profile-num, codec-type, pvoice-pkt-period, and sid

argument values, and press Enter to configure the voice profile element for a specified profile. Specify

the arguments with the following values:

•

profile-type: Refer to the options listed in Step 1.

profile-num: Refer to the options listed in Step 1.

codec-type argument values:

–

1 = G.711u

2 = G.711a

3 = G.726-32k

4 = G.729a

5 = G.729ab

6 = Clear channel (VAD must be off)

7 = G.726-16k

8 = G.726-24k

9 = G.726-40k

11 = G.723.1-H

12 = G.723.1a-H

13 = G.723.1-L

14 = G.723.1a-L

•

pvoice-pkt-period (defined in milliseconds):

–

•

sid:

–

1 = VAD off

2 = VAD on

3 = SID generic

4 = SID 729

5 = SID 723

–

Step 3

Type the cnfprofelemvbd command, profile-type, profile-num, codec-type, and vbd-pkt-period

argument values, and press Enter to configure the voiceband data element for a specified profile. Specify

the arguments with the following values:

•

profile-type—Refer to the options listed in Step 1.

profile-num—Refer to the options listed in Step 1.

vbd-codec-type—Refer to the options listed in Step 2.

vbd-pkt-period (defined in milliseconds):

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–

Step 4

Type the cnfprofneg command, the codec-priority argument value, and press Enter to specify the

priority preference order for the profile lists. Profiles can be from the call agent local connection option

(LCO) list, local MIB, or a list received from the remote gateway in the session descriptor protocol

(SDP) data. Specify the codec-priority argument value with one of the following:

•

1 = LCO list, remote SDP data list, local MIB

2 = LCO list, local MIB, remote SDP data list

3 = Remote SDP data list, LCO list, local MIB

4 = Remote SDP data list, local MIB, LCO list

5 = Local MIB, LCO list, remote SDP data list

6 = Local MIB, remote SDP data list, LCO list

You have completed modifying the switched AAL2 PVC operating mode profile table. Proceed to the

“Configuring AAL2 PVC Parameters” section on page 4-43.

Configuring AAL2 PVC Parameters

Complete the following steps to configure AAL2 PVC parameters:

Step 1

Type the cnfaal2timerparams command, vad-init-timer and cid-fill-timer argument values, and press

Enter to configure the holdover and maximum wait time arguments. Specify the arguments with the

following values:

•

vad-init-timer (defined in milliseconds): In the range from 250 to 65535.

cid-fill-timer (defined in milliseconds): In the range from 5 to 100.

The vad-init-timer is the holdover time before activating silence suppression. The cid-fill-timer is the

maximum waiting time for filling up the cell when the next packet is not ready.

Step 2

Type the cnfaal2transparams command, dtmf-trans, cas-bits-trans, and type-3-red argument values,

and press Enter to enable or disable three parameters regarding the transport of CAS signaling.

•

dtmf-trans (transportation of DTMF digits):

–

1 = On

2 = Off

cas-bits-trans (transportation of CAS bits):

–

1 = On

2 = Off

type-3-red (transportation of AAL2 Type 3 redundancy packets):

–

1 = On

2 = Off

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You have completed configuring the switched AAL2 PVC operating mode parameters. Proceed to the

“Configuring the Call Agent Interface” section on page 4-44.

Configuring the Call Agent Interface

Note

The CLI call agent configuration commands are used for the VoIP switching and switched AAL2

PVC operating modes only. If your application requires the AAL2 trunking operating mode, do not

use the CLI call agent configuration commands described in this section.

VISM can use one to eight call agents to accomplish the following:

•

Receive backhauled signaling

Perform call setup

Perform call teardown

VISM uses IP connectivity in order to communicate with the call agents (see Figure 4-2).

Figure 4-2 VISM to Call Agent Communication

Call Agents

TFTP Server

(up to 8)

IP Connectivity

ATM Network

MGX 8850

with VISM

Physical connectivity is through a PVC on an MGX 8000 Series platform PXM card’s OC-3 port, to a

router (in the IP Connectivity cloud in Figure 4-2), and then to the call agents.

Logical IP connectivity is performed by resolving domain name and IP address associations. The

associations are accomplished in the following ways:

•

Statically, by using the CLI call agent configuration commands.

Dynamically, by using an external domain name server (DNS), which is connected to VISM through

IP connectivity.

Figure 4-2 shows a TFTP server which also has an IP connection to VISM.

You must complete the following tasks to configure the call agent interface:

1. Configure domain names and IP addresses.

2. Set up call agents and protocols.

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3. Configure gateway control protocols.

4. Configure ISDN PRI backhaul (optional).

Configuring Domain Names and IP Addresses

Complete the following steps to configure domain names and IP addresses for VISM cards and call

agents:

Step 1

Type the cnfvismdn command, the domain-name argument value, and press Enter to specify a domain

name for a VISM card. Specify the domain-name argument with the following value:

•

A text string of up to 64 alphanumeric characters; spaces are not allowed. Default = cisco.com.

Note

You must use the domain-name argument value you entered for Step 1 when configuring

the call agent(s) domain-name argument in Step 3.

Step 2

Type the cnfvismip command, vip-addr, netmask, |bearer-ipaddr|, and |bearer-netmask| argument

values, and press Enter to specify an IP address and a subnet mask for your VISM card. Specify the

arguments with the following values:

•

vip-addr: Type the IP address of your VISM card in dotted decimal format—nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn

netmask (local network mask): Type 255.255.255.248

|bearer-ipaddr| (optional): Bearer IP address in dotted decimal format: nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn

|bearer-netmask| (optional): Bearer IP subnet mask in dotted decimal format: nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn

Step 3

Step 4

Type the cnftftpdn command, the domain-name argument value, and press Enter to set up the domain

names and IP addresses for the call agent(s). The domain name can be a text string of 1 to 64

alphanumeric characters.

Repeat Step 1 through Step 3 to configure your remaining VISM cards and call agents.

You have completed configuring domain names and IP addresses for VISM cards and call agents.

Proceed to the “Setting Up Call Agents and Protocols” section on page 4-45.

Setting Up Call Agents and Protocols

Complete the following steps to set up call agents and media gateway control protocols:

Step 1

Type the adddn command, the domain-num, domain-name, and |resol-type| argument values, and press

Enter to add a domain name for a call agent. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

domain-num: A domain number used to identify the domain in the range 1 to 11.

domain-name (call agent name): A text string of 1 to 64 alphanumeric characters.

|resol-type| (the optional resolution type to configure for the specified domain name):

–

1 = Internal only

2 = External only

3 = Internal first

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–

4 = External first

Step 2

Step 3

If you are not using an external DNS to resolve domain names (resol-type = 1 in Step 1), proceed to

Step 3. If you are using an external DNS to resolve domain names, proceed to Step 3.

Type the adddnip command, resol-num, domain-name, ip-addr, and addr-order argument values, and

press Enter to add the IP address for the domain name you added in Step 1. Specify the arguments with

the following values:

•

resol-num (resolution number of the domain name): In the range from 1 to 88.

domain-name (call agent name): In the range from 1 to 64 alphanumeric characters.

ip-addr (IP address which corresponds to domain-name): IP address, which must be in the following

format—nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn.

•

addr-order (IP address resolution preference order): In the range from 1 (highest) to 8.

Step 4

Step 5

Type the addmgcgrpentry command, mgc-group, mgc-num, and mgc-priority argument values, and

press Enter to add the MGC to a redundancy group. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

mgc-group (call agent redundancy group number): In the range from 1 to 8.

mgc-num (protocol number): In the range from 1 to 8.

mgc-priority (preference of the MGC within the group): In the range from 1 (highest) to 8.

Type the cnfmgcgrpparam command, mgc-group, state-change-notify, and the optional mgc-priority

argument values, and press Enter to change the parameters of the MGC group, if needed.

Note

This step is optional; use only if you need to change the MGC group parameters.

Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

mgc-group (call agent redundancy group): In the range from 1 to 8.

state-change-notify (state change message notification):

–

1 = Enable (default)

2 = Disable

•

|mgc-priority| (call agent priority): In the range from 0 to 8 (default = 1)

Step 6

Step 7

Type the addmgcgrpprotocol command, mgc-group and protocol-num argument values, and press

Enter to associate a call agent redundancy group with a gateway control protocol. Specify the arguments

with the following values:

•

mgc-group (call agent redundancy group): In the range from 1 to 8.

protocol-num (gateway control protocol): In the range from 1 to 8.

Repeat Step 1 through Step 6 for each call agent that you need to make active in your application.

You have completed setting up call agents and media gateway control protocols. Proceed to the

“Configuring Gateway Control Protocols” section on page 4-47, if necessary.

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Configuring Gateway Control Protocols

Complete the following steps to configure gateway control protocols.

Note

Use the configure gateway control CLI commands in this section only if you need to configure

argument values for the commands that are different than the default argument values.

Step 1

Type the cnfxgcppeer command, mgc-num, protocol-num, and remote-udp-pnum, and press Enter to

configure a port number for a particular call agent and protocol. The port is used to send

gateway-initiated messages to the call agent. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

mgc-num: In the range 1 to 8.

protocol-num: A protocol number which is displayed by using the dspmgcgrpprotocols command.

remote-udp-pnum: The remote UDP port number used for MGCP/SGCP protocol communication

with the call agent.

Step 2

Type the cnfxgcpmwd command, max-wait-delay argument value, and press Enter to specify the

maximum waiting time before a Restart in Progress (RSIP) message is sent to the call agent. Specify the

max-wait-delay argument value as follows:

•

max-wait-delay (maximum wait time; defined in milliseconds): In the range from 0 to 600000;

(default = 10000; 10 seconds)

Note

The max-wait-delay argument value sets the maximum wait time for the entire VISM

card, not for a particular call agent.

Step 3

Type the cnfxgcpretry command, min-vtoca-tout, vtoca-retrans-num, and |max-vtoca-tout| argument

values, and press Enter to specify the VISM minimum and maximum wait time, and number of retries,

for a call agent message acknowledgment. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

min-vtoca-tout (defined in milliseconds): In the range from 1 to 100000; (default = 500)

vtoca-retrans-num:

–

Default = 3

•

|max-vtoca-tout|: In the range from 0 to 100000.

Step 4

Type the cnfxgcpbt command, network-type, vc-type, and aal-conn-type argument values, and press

Enter to specify the type of bearer channel VISM uses, if one is not specified by the call agent in

protocol local connection options. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

network-type:

–

1 = IP

2 = ATM

•

vc-type:

–

1 = PVC

2 = SVC

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•

aal-conn-type:

–

1 = AAL1

2 = AAL2

3 = Not applicable

Note

You must type 3 for the aal-conn-type argument if the network-type argument = 1.

Step 5

Type the addxgcppersistevt command, event-num and pkg-event argument values, and press Enter to

designate xGCP events as persistent.

Note

Do not complete this step if persistent events are not required for your application.

Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

event-num: In the range from 1 to 64.

pkg-event:

–

r/co3 = VISM initiated AAL2 type 3 packet (CO3) network continuity test

r/co4 = Network continuity test detect

g/ft = Fax tone

g/mt = Modem tone

g/vbd = Voiceband data

g/vbdt = Voiceband data termination

l/hu, bl/hu = On hook

l/hd, blhd = Off hook

ms/ans, dt/ans, md/ans, mo/ans = Answer

ms/sup, dt/sup, md/sup = Setup

ms/rel, dt/rel, md/rel, mo/rel = Release

ms/rtc, dt/rlc, md/rlc, mo/rlc = Release complete

ms/res, dt/res, md/res = Resume

ms/sus, dt/sus, md/sus = Suspend

md/awk = Acknowledgment wink

mo/rbz = Reverse make busy

Step 6

Type the cnfsrcppeer command, peer-num and udp-port-num argument values, and press Enter to

specify the SRCP parameters for communication between VISM and the call agent. Specify the

arguments from the following values:

•

peer-num: The peer (call agent) identification number, as displayed in the dspsrcppeers command

list; in the range from 1 to 8.

•

udp-port-num: In the range from 1025 to 65535

Note

If you do not execute this command, the default MGCP/SGCP port number = 2428.

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Step 7

Type the cnfsrcppeergrpparam command, the mgc-group, hbeat-int, and max-udp-size argument

values, and press Enter to configure the SRCP heartbeat interval and maximum UDP size for a specified

call agent redundancy group. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

mgc-group (call agent redundancy group): In the range from 1 to 8

hbeat-int (interval between heartbeats; defined in milliseconds):

–

In the range from 100 to 65535.

•

max-udp-size (maximum allowable UDP size): In the range from 4095 to 65535.

Step 8

Type the cnfsrcpretry command, srcp-min-tout, max-srcp-retries, and srcp-max-tout argument values,

and press Enter to configure the minimum and maximum timeout periods, and retry attempts, for

transmitting SRCP commands to the call agent. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

srcp-min-tout (defined in milliseconds): In the range from 1 to 10000 (default = 500).

max-srcp-retries: In the range from 1 to 10.

srcp-max-tout: In the range from 1 to 10000 (default = 500).

Step 9

Type the cnfco4timer command, a co4-timeout argument value, and press Enter to configure CO4

bearer continuity. Specify the argument with the following value:

•

co4-timeout (defined in milliseconds): In the range from 50 to 10000 (default = 1000).

You have completed configuring gateway control protocols. Proceed to the “Configuring ISDN PRI

Backhaul” section on page 4-49 if necessary.

Configuring ISDN PRI Backhaul

ISDN PRI backhaul configuration consists of setting up RUDP session structures:

Session sets

Session groups

Sessions

•

A session group applies to a specified call agent and allows automatic switching to another session in

the group if an active session fails. You can configure individual sessions when you have completed

setting up the session sets and session groups. Refer to Chapter 3, “VISM Functional Description,” for

more information on session structures.

Note

Use the commands in this section only if backhauling of ISDN PRI signaling to the call agent is

required for your application.

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Complete the following steps to configure ISDN PRI backhaul:

Step 1

Type the addsesset command, set-num and fault-tol-enable argument values, and press Enter to create

a session set. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

set-num: In the range from 1 to 16

fault-tol-enable:

–

1 = Yes

2 = No

Step 2

Type the addsesgrp command, group-num, set-num, and mgc-name argument values, and press Enter

to create a session group for a session set and a call agent. Specify the arguments with the following

values:

•

group-num: In the range from 1 to 16

set-num: In the range from 1 to 8

mgc-name: A text string of up to 64 alphanumeric characters

Step 3

Type the addses command, session-num, group-num, priority, local-port-num, and remote-port-num

argument values, and press Enter to create an ISDN PRI backhaul RUDP session within a specified

group. Specify the arguments from the following values:

•

session-num: In the range from 1 to 64

group-num: In the range from 1 to 16

priority: In the range from 1 (highest) to 4 (lowest)

local-port-num: The VISM port number you want to use for the session

remote-port-num: The call agent (remote) port number you want to use for the session

Note

The following session configuration commands apply to a single session which is identified by the

first argument, the session-num.

Step 4

Type the cnfsesack command, session-num, ack-timeout, and max-acks argument values, and press

Enter to change the timeout period for sending out an acknowledgment and the maximum number of

acknowledgments that can accumulated before sending them. Specify the arguments with the following

values:

•

session-num: In the range from 1 to 64

ack-timeout (defined in milliseconds): In the range from 100 to 65535

max-acks: In the range from 0 to 255

Step 5

Type the cnfsesmaxreset command, session-num and max-resets argument values, and press Enter to

configure the maximum number of resets that VISM performs before a connection is reset. Specify the

arguments with the following values:

•

session-num: Type the value entered for the session-num argument in Step 4.

max-resets: In the range from 0 to 255

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Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Type the cnfsesmaxseg command, session-num and seg-size argument values, and press Enter to

configure the maximum segment size VISM can receive after sending a SYN message. Specify the arguments

with the following values:

•

session-num: Type the value entered for the session-num argument in Step 4.

seg-size (defined in octets): In the range from 30 to 65535

Type the cnfsesmaxwindow command, session-num and window-size argument values, and press Enter

to configure the maximum number of segments that can be sent without getting an acknowledgment for a

specific RUDP session. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

session-num: Type the value entered for the session-num argument in Step 4.

window-size: In the range from 1 to 64

Type the cnfsesnullsegtmout command, session-num and null-seg-tout argument values, and press

Enter to configure the amount of idle time before sending a null segment. Specify the arguments with the

following values:

•

session-num: Type the value entered for the session-num argument in Step 4.

null-seg-tout (defined in milliseconds): In the range from 0 to 65535

Type the cnfsesoutofseq command, session-num and max-seq-pkts argument values, and press Enter to

configure the maximum number of out-of-sequence packets that will be accumulated before sending an

EACK packet. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

session-num: Type the value entered for the session-num argument in Step 4.

max-seq-pkts: In the range from 0 to 255.

Note

If you specify 0 for the max-seq-pkts argument, a DACK message is sent immediately

upon receiving an out-of-sequence packet.

Step 10 Type the cnfsesport command, session-num, local-port-num, and remote-port-num argument values,

and press Enter to configure the local (VISM end) and remote (call agent end) port numbers for a session

number. Specify the arguments with the following values:

•

session-num: Type the value entered for the session-num argument in Step 4.

local-port-num: In the range from 1124 to 65535

remote-port-num: In the range from 1124 to 65535

This command allows the user to configure the local and remote port numbers.

Step 11 Type the cnfsesretrans command, session-num, unack-timeout, and max-ses-retrans argument values,

and press Enter to configure the retransmission of unacknowledged packet timeout value and the maximum

number of consecutive retransmission attempts before the connection is considered failed. Specify the

arguments with the following values:

•

session-num: Type the value entered for the session-num argument in Step 4.

unack-timeout (in milliseconds): In the range from 100 to 65535

max-ses-retrans: In the range from 0 to 255

Step 12 Type the cnfsesstatetmout command, session-num and tstate-tout argument values, and press Enter to

configure the amount of time VISM waits for the transfer state before executing an auto reset. Specify the

arguments with the following values:

•

session-num: Type the value entered for the session-num argument in Step 4.

tstate-tout (in milliseconds): In the range from 0 to 65535

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Configuring Additional VISM Features

Step 13 Type the cnfsessyncatmps command, session-num and max-sync-attempts argument values, and press

Enter to configure the maximum number of attempts to synchronize VISM with the call agent. Specify the

arguments with the following values:

•

session-num: Type the value entered for the session-num argument in Step 4.

max-sync-attempts: In the range from 1 to 32

Step 14 Repeat Step 4 through Step 13 for all additional session numbers, as required for your application.

You have completed configuring ISDN PRI backhaul.

The basic configuration of your VISM cards is complete. Use the configuration instructions in this

chapter to reconfigure VISM for your application needs as they change. Use the commands described in

Chapter 5, “CLI Commands,” to further configure your VISM cards, if necessary.

Configuring Additional VISM Features

The following features are available for users of VISM 3.0 and higher:

•

Support for the MGCP 0.1 subset of the MGCP 1.0 protocol

Note

The restart method (RM) is not defined as part of the MGCP 0.1 subset, and is not

supported.

•

Verified MGCP 0.1 protocol compliance

PBX CAS event delivery to a call agent using MGCP 0.1:

–

DTMF: Wink and ground start

MF: Wink

TFTP download of CAS variant state machine

Note

RFC 3064 CAS packages—BL, MS, and DT—are not supported.

•

Interoperability enhancements:

–

Configurable codec strings (IANA naming conventions as well as customized ones)

Codec negotiation with configurable preference order

Exponential backoff for:

–

XGCP retry timers

SRCP retry timers

Configurable per CAS variant

•

DTMF Relay using Cisco-rtp (FRF-11 Annex A based)

Enhancement to Fax/modem up-speed/pass-through procedures:

–

Configurable CAC failure and carrier loss policies

Up-speed to clear channel

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Chapter 4 Configuring VISM Features

Configuring Additional VISM Features

•

Added support for G.726: 16, 24, 32, and 40 kbps, with packetization periods ranging from 10 to 40

Support for VBR-rt (variable bit rate real time) and VBR-nrt (non real time) ATM traffic classes,

including traffic shaping to the relevant traffic descriptors

•

Configurable VAD model parameter for traffic engineering

In E1 applications, support for 31 DS0 per span and a total of 248 channels per card

Tested CRTP support through RPM for voice and voice band data calls

Verified bearer interoperability with 3810

Switched PVCs using SGCP 1.5:

–

SDP and SGCP extensions allowing xGCP call agent control of AAL2 bearers

Support of SGCP 1.5 digit maps and error codes

•

Support for card level coexistence of switched AAL2 mode (under Call Agent control) and trunked

AAL2 mode on PVCs, on an endpoint (DS0) basis

PBX CAS event delivery to a Call Agent using SGCP 1.5:

–

DTMF: Wink and ground start

MF: Wink

TFTP download of CAS variant state machine

•

Interoperability and configuration enhancements:

–

Configurable codec strings (IANA naming conventions as well as customized ones)

Profile negotiation and configurable preference order

Configurable voice and VBD (for example, up-speed codec) per profile

•

Added support for custom profile 110 and 200 (clear channel), ITU profiles 3 and 8

User-configurable AAL2 Silence Indicator Description (SID) for all profiles

Type 3 Packet Support for proxy ringback (xrbk), packet side bearer continuity check (co3/co4

COT), and midcall DTMF relay

•

Connection admission control (CAC) enhancements:

–

Patented CAC method factoring in VAD and subcell multiplexing savings

Configurable VAD model parameter for traffic engineering

•

Configurable AAL2 cell fill timer

AAL2 alarm enhancements: per span, VC, and per channel (CID) conditioning

Display, clear, and reset AAL2 performance related counters

In E1 AAL2 trunking applications, support for 31 DS0 per span and a total of 248 channels per card

Verified bearer interoperability with 3810 and third-party vendors

Infrastructure work and enhanced support for three operating modes: VoIP switching, AAL2

trunking, and switched AAL2 PVC

•

Graceful upgrade VISM 2.0 and 2.0(1) to VISM 2.1(0)

The ability to enable or disable the call agent protocol SDP OST feature in the event the peer

gateway may or may not support SDP OST. This feature allows interoperability with the Cisco

AS5300 Universal Access Server and other equipment

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Chapter 4 Configuring VISM Features

Configuring Additional VISM Features

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The ability for VISM to perform as either the network or user side of the LAPD protocol for PRI

backhaul

•

CCS/PRI backhaul between VISM and a call agent in VoIP mode

Support VoIP G.729ab compression

Idle channel suppression

Support for setting the IP precedence bit

Support for Q.50 CAS signaling variant

Negotiable packetization period

AAL2 subcell multiplexing

E1 back card support in AAL2 trunking mode

E1 back card support (VoIP mode only)

Provides 8 standard T1 interfaces with B8ZS, AMI and HDB3 line coding

Support for voice over ATM using AAL2 cells (multiplexing only, no LLC/SNAP encapsulation.

VoIP using AAL5 cells to RFC 1889

Support for both PCM a-law and u-law

Programmable 24, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128 ms near end echo cancellation

Voice compression to G.711 and G.726-32k standards

Nx64 clear channel (N = 1 only) support

Voice activity detection (VAD) and comfort noise generation (CNG) using variable threshold energy

(Cisco proprietary)

•

Support for call agent Simple Gateway Control Protocol (SGCP) Version 1.0, SGCP 1.1+, and

Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) 0.1

•

Support for CCS signaling transport across an AAL5 trunk

Support for Fax and modem VoIP bearer transmissions

Support for dual (redundant) virtual circuits across the packet network

Support for full continuity testing (COT). Supports origination and terminating loopback and

transponder COT towards the packet bearer and the TDM sides

•

Support for loop timing, payload and line loopbacks

1:N cold redundancy using SRM-3T3 capabilities (bulk mode support for T1 lines only) for

switched calls

•

1:N hot redundancy for trunking applications only

Courtesy downing of ongoing voice calls when the VISM is taken out of service for maintenance or

other reasons

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Chapter 4 Configuring VISM Features

Configuring Additional VISM Features

Mid-Call DTMF

The mid-call dual tone multifrequency (DTMF) feature enables the collection and notification of digits

to the call agent following a call setup for an endpoint, and supports the outpulsing of DTMF digits at a

call agent’s request. This feature is used for services that require two stage dialing, such as calling card

applications.

Mid-call DTMF is supported for all the CAS variants, for DTMF mode only.

Configurable Jitter Buffer

The configurable jitter buffer feature provides configuration of jitter buffer mode and initial delay time

on a codec basis. Fax, modem, and CCD calls have less packet loss with the addition of this feature.

Adjustable Gain

The adjustable gain feature allows you to adjust gain on a DS0 channel basis for both input and output

signals. The adjustable gain can be set when there is active call going on at the DS0 channel, and at both

bounded non-active and unbounded endpoints.

Adjustable Music On-Hold Threshold

The adjustable music on-hold threshold feature allows you to adjust the dB level, on a DS0 basis, of

when DSPs interpret TDM side silence or voice.

CALEA

The Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Act (CALEA) feature, used with VoIP

applications, provides data (eavesdropping) about an intercepted subject (the user/subscriber) in two

forms for both the receive and transmit directions:

•

Call identifying data

Call content data

The call identifying data (called number) is provided by call agents. The call content data (voice) is

provided by the edge/access routers (7200, for example) and trunking gateways (MGX 8000 series

platforms) in combination with VISM cards.

The VISM CALEA implementation supports the CALEA law intercept confirmation interface.

MGC Redundancy

The media gateway controller (MGC) redundancy feature provides redundancy for call agents on VI SM

cards. You can associate one or more call agents as members of a redundancy group.

An MGC redundancy group consists of one or more MGCs (which are identified by their domain name).

An MGC can be part of one redundancy group, although there can be multiple MGCs per redundancy

group. At any given time, only one MGC in the redundant group is active.

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Chapter 4 Configuring VISM Features

Configuring Additional VISM Features

This feature requires you to add more than one domain name and configure these as redundant call agents

or the same logical MGC. Only the IP addresses corresponding to each physical entity are returned by

the DNS server. In order to allow VISMs to traverse all the IP addresses, you must identify these physical

entities as redundant call agents.

External DNS

The external domain name server (DNS) feature allows VISM to use an external DNS to resolve the IP

address you configure. The domain names can be MGCs, call agents, or trivial file transfer protocol

(TFTP) servers used for CAS file downloads. Resolution of IP addresses can be configured with the

following methods:

•

Internal static tables only

External DNS only

External DNS, followed by the internal static tables if the external DNS method fails

Internal static tables, followed by the external DNS if the internal static table method fails

2 IP Address Support

The 2 IP address allows you to add separate IP addresses for the control and data paths for VISM. This

feature removes the restriction of control and data traffic going to two different domains.

VoIP Trunking