HP Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Computer Hardware Kayak PC Workstation User Manual

Technical Reference Manual

Hardware and BIOS

HP KAYAK XA PC WORKSTATION

Preface

This manual is a technical reference and BIOS document for engineers and

technicians providing system level support. It is assumed that the reader

possesses a detailed understanding of AT-compatible microprocessor

functions and digital addressing techniques.

Technical information that is readily available from other sources, such as

manufacturer’s proprietary publications, has not been reproduced.

This manual contains summary information only. For additional reference

material, refer to the bibliography, on the next page.

Conventions

The following conventions are used throughout this manual to identify

specific numeric elements:

❒ Hexadecimal numbers are identified by a lower case h.

For example, 0FFFFFFFh or 32F5h

❒ Binary numbers and bit patterns are identified by a lower case b.

For example, 1101b or 10011011b

Bibliography

❒ HP Kayak XA PC Workstation DT User’s Guide manual (D4790-90001).

❒ HP Kayak XA PC Workstation MT User’s Guide manual (D4800-90001).

❒ HP Kayak XA PC Workstation (Desktop and Minitower) Familiarization

Guide (online - D4790-90901).

❒ HP Network Administrator’s Guide (online).

❒ HP Kayak XA PC Workstation Service Handbook -

1st edition (5966-8261).

❒ HP Support Assistant CD-ROM (by subscription).

Data sheets can be obtained at:

❒ Analog AD1816 (sound card controller)

http:\\www.analog.com\products\sheets\ad1816a.html.

❒ Cirrus 5465 (graphic controller)

http:\\www.cirus.com\products\categories\graphicsvid.html.

❒ Intel Chipsets. 440LX AGPSet (82443LX) and,

PIIX4 PCI/ISA Bridge Chip (82371SB)

http:\\www.intel.com\pcisets\datashts\index.html.

❒ Memory

http:\\www.chips.ibm.com\products\memory\sdamart\sdramart.html.

❒ Pentium II Processor

http:\\www.intel.com\design\pcisets\datashts\index.html.

❒ SCSI Chips

http:\\www.symbios.com\products\scsichps.html.

❒ Super I/O

http:\\www.national.com\catalog\personal_superi_desktop.html.

For further information about the availability and where to find the different

documentation, refer to page 21.

How to use this online guide

Click the Go Back button in the toolbar to go back to your previous place in

the guide.

Click the Next Page button in the toolbar to go to the next page in the

guide.

Click the Previous Page button in the toolbar to go to the previous page

in the guide.

Click the First Page button in the toolbar to go to the opening screen of

the guide.

Click a bookmark name (to the left of the screen) to go to the topic

corresponding to that bookmark. Clicking a right-pointing triangle,

for example, will reveal the subordinate bookmarks. Clicking a

downward pointing triangle will hide the subordinate bookmarks.

System Overview

External Features

Specifications

Hardware Control Panel

Documentation

Click underlined red text to go to the topic indicated. Underlined red

text is text that is “linked” to another topic in the guide.

Topic

Contents

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Conventions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Bibliography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

How to use this online guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

1 System Overview

Package for the Desktop Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Package for the Minitower Models. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

HP Kayak XA PC Workstation Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Hardware Control Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Specifications and Characteristic Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Physical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Environmental Specifications (Desktop and Minitower) . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Where to Find the Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

2 System Board

System Board and Backplane Boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Architectural View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Chip-Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

The PAC Chip (440LX). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

The PIIX4, PCI/ISA Bridge Chip (82371AB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Contents

Cache Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Devices on the Processor-Local Bus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Intel Pentium II Microprocessor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Main Memory Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Devices on the PCI Bus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Universal Serial Bus (USB) Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other PCI Accessory Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Devices on the SM Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Serial EEPROM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

LM75 Chip. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Main PLL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Devices on the ISA Bus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

The Super I/O Controller (NS 82317) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Audio Controller. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Flash EEPROM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

System Board Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Little Ben . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other ISA Accessory Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

Cirrus 5465 Graphics Controller Chip. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Video Memory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Available Video Resolutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SCSI / LAN Combo Board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Contents

PCI Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

SCSI Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

SCSI / PCI LAN Combo Board Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

10BT/100TX LAN Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

10BT/100TX LAN Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Remote Power On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Mass-Storage Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Hard Disk Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Flexible Disk Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

CD-ROM Drives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Connectors and Sockets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

4 HP BIOS

HP/Phoenix BIOS Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Using the HP Setup Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Advanced Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Boot Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Power Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Symbios Logic SCSI Configuration Utility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Default Settings You Can Change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Starting the SCSI Configuration Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Power Saving and Ergonometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Power-On from Space-Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Soft Power Down. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

BIOS Addresses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

System Memory Map. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Contents

HP I/O Port Map (I/O Addresses Used by the System) . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DMA Channel Controllers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Interrupt Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

PCI Interrupt Request Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

5 Power-On Self-Test and Error Messages

Order in Which the Tests are Performed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Error Message Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Beep Codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Lights on the Hardware Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Appendix

Video Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

Standard VGA Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Extended Video Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Maximum Refresh Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

BIOS Modes Supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100

101

105

System Overview

This manual describes the HP Kayak XA PC Workstation, and provides

detailed system specifications.

This chapter introduces the external features, and lists the specifications

and characteristic data of the system. It also summarizes the documentation

which is available.

1 System Overview

Package for the Desktop Models

Front view

(Multimedia models only)

Front view with

cover removed

Four accessory

board slots

Hard disk drive

(below power

supply unit)

Video memory

24X CD-ROM drive

Main memory

modules

Flexible disk drive

Rear view

(All icons

shown here are

for informa-

tion, and do not

necessarily

appear on the

PC).

USB

Parallel

Display

Keyboard

Mouse

Serial A

1 System Overview

Package for the Minitower Models

Main memory Modules

Front view with

cover removed

Video Memory Upgrade

Six accessory board slots

Hard disk drive

24X CD-ROM drive

Rear view

Serial

Mouse

Keyboard

Display

Parallel

USB

(All icons shown here are for

information, and do not nec-

essarily appear on the PC).

1 System Overview

HP Kayak XA PC Workstation Overview

Component

Microprocessor

Desktop

Minitower

233, 266 or 300 MHz Pentium II MMX processor with 512 KB cache memory

Three DIMM sockets using:

Main memory

32 MB, 64 MB or 128 MB ECC SDRAM to a maximum of 384 MB, or

16 MB, 32 MB, or 64 MB non-ECC SDRAM to a maximum of 192 MB

Integrated AGP video controller with 2 MB of built-in video memory and 2 MB of removable video memory

(Rev. A).

Graphics controller

Or, an on-board 4 MB (soldered onto the system board) video module (Rev B).

2 USB connectors, 1 serial port, 1 parallel port

Communications

Mass storage

2.5 GB IDE, or 2.1 or 4.5 GB SCSI

5 shelves (3 front-access, 2 internal¹)

2.5 or 4.3 GB IDE, or 4.5 GB SCSI

6 shelves (4 front access, 2 internal)

5 slots

6 slots

Accessory board slots

(1 ISA, 2 PCI², 2 combination ISA/PCI)

(2 ISA, 2 PCI, 2 combination ISA/PCI)

Ultra-wide internal SCSI connector and Ultra-narrow external SCSI connector

SCSI connectors

(SCSI models only)

Integrated 16-bit hi-fi audio processor with music synthesizer and mixer

24X speed IDE CD-ROM on all models

Audio

CD-ROM drive

Flexible disk drive

New version without bezel

Input voltage: 100-127, 200-240V ~

Input frequency: 50/60Hz

Maximum output power: 120W continuous

Input voltage: 100-127, 200-240V ~

Input frequency: 50/60Hz

Maximum output power: 160W continuous

Power supply

Power saving

On (idle - no file transfer) - Windows 95: 32W (115V/60Hz), 35W (230V/50Hz)

On (idle - no file transfer) - Windows NT 4.0: 45W (115V/60Hz), 45W (230V/50Hz)

Sleep/Suspend mode - Windows 95: 25.5W (115V/60Hz), 29W (230V/50Hz)

Off: 1.6W (115V/60Hz), 3W (230V/50Hz)

Models with a LAN or LAN/SCSI board only have one internal mass storage shelf.

Models with a LAN or LAN/SCSI board only have one PCI slot.

1 System Overview

Hardware Control Panel

Desktop Hardware

Control Panel

Hard Disk Activity

Light

Network Activity

Light

PC Lock Activity

Light

Reset

Button

Power On Status Light

PC Lock Button

Power On/Off Button

Microphone connector

Network Activity

Volume Control

Speaker Out for Headset

Minitower Hardware

Control Panel

Hard Disk Activity

Light

Power on Status

Light

PC Lock Activity

Light

Reset Button

Power On/Off Button

PC Lock Button

Speaker Out for Headset

Microphone connector

Volume Control

1 System Overview

Specifications and Characteristic Data

Physical Characteristics

Desktop

Characteristic

Description

Weight

9 kg (20 pounds)

(excluding display and keyboard)

Dimensions

Width: 43.5 cm (17.1 inches)

Height: 13.2 cm (5.2 inches)

Depth: 44.6 cm (17.5 inches)

Footprint

Keyboard

0.194 m²(2.08 ft²)

18 inches (W) by 7 inches (D) by 1.3 inches (H), when flat, or

18 inches (W) by 7 inches (D) by 2 inches (H), when standing

Minitower

Characteristic

Description

Weight

15 kg (33 pounds)

(excluding display and keyboard)

Dimensions

Width: 19.2 cm (7.56 inches)

Height: 43.8 cm (17.24 inches)

Depth: 44 cm (17.32 inches)

Footprint

Keyboard

0.085 m²(0.91 ft²)

18 inches (W) by 7 inches (D) by 1.3 inches (H), when flat, or

18 inches (W) by 7 inches (D) by 2 inches (H), when standing

Electrical Specifications

Typical per

PCI

Accessory

Slot

Typical per

ISA

Accessory

Slot

Desktop

Parameter

Total Rating

Notes

Input voltage

100-127

Vac

200-240

Vac

Selected

automatically¹

Power

120 W

Voltage range

90 to 264 VAC

45 Hz to 66 Hz

Maximum of 90A

> 3.5mA

Frequency range

Input Surge Current Protection

Safety Ground Leakage Current

1 System Overview

Specifications and Characteristic Data

Typical per

PCI

Accessory

Slot

Typical per

ISA

Accessory

Slot

Desktop

Parameter

Total Rating

Notes

Efficiency

70% at maximum power output

Output Voltage Regulation

Min

11.0

4.8

Nom

12.0

5.0

Max

13.0

5.25

3.6

3.15

-4.5

-10.8

4.7

3.3

-5.0

-12.0

5.0

-5.5

-13.2

5.3

(5 VStd By)

Overvoltage Protection

Isolation Voltage

Not more than 6.5V for 5V output

Not more than 16V for 12V output

3000Vac primary/secondary

1500Vac primary/ground

Safety Standard

IEC950/UL 1950/CSA950/EN60950

Maximum input current

Current at +5 V

3 A

14 A

8 A

2.5 A

—

1 A

—

Current at +3.3 V

Total cumulated current on

+3.3 V and +5 V

20 A

—

Current at -5 V

0.1 A

0.3 A

4 A

—

0.2 A

0.5 A

Current at +5V standby

Current at +12 V

Current at -12 V

—

0.2 A

0.3 A

Typical per

PCI

Accessory

Slot

Typical per

ISA

Accessory

Slot

Minitower

Parameter

Total Rating

Notes

Input voltage

100-127

Vac

200-240

Vac

Manual Switch²

1 System Overview

Specifications and Characteristic Data

Typical per

PCI

Accessory

Slot

Typical per

ISA

Accessory

Slot

Desktop

Parameter

Total Rating

Notes

Power

160 W

(200 W peak)

Voltage range

90-140

Vac

180-264

Vac

Frequency range

45 Hz to 66 Hz

Maximum input current

Input Surge Current Protection

Safety Ground Leakage Current

Efficiency

5 A

Maximum of 90A

> 3.5mA

75% at maximum power output

Output Voltage Regulation

Min

11.0

4.8

Nom

12.0

5.0

Max

13.0

5.25

3.6

3.15

-4.5

-10.8

4.7

3.3

-5.0

-12.0

5.0

-5.5

-13.2

5.3

(5 VStd By)

Overvoltage Protection

Isolation Voltage

Not more than 6.5V for 5V output

Not more than 16V for 12V output

3000Vac primary/secondary

1500Vac primary/ground

Safety Standard

IEC950/UL 1950/CSA950/EN60950

Output Voltage Regulation

Current at +5 V

Min

Nom

Max

20 A

12 A

20 A

2.5 A

1 A

Current at +3.3 V

—

Total cumulated current on

+3.3 V and +5 V

Current at -5 V

0.2 A

0.3 A

—

0.2 A

1 A

Current at +5V standby

1 System Overview

Specifications and Characteristic Data

Typical per

PCI

Accessory

Slot

Typical per

ISA

Accessory

Slot

Desktop

Parameter

Total Rating

Notes

Current at +12 V

Current at -12 V

4.4 A

0.5 A

—

0.2 A

0.5 A

^1.Note that even though the desktop power supply is autoselect, it is not a full range power supply.

It works in 2 input voltage range and not in one big 90 V to 240 V range.

^2.On minitower models, always check the voltage switch position at first power-on.

An attempt to draw too much current (such as a short circuit across edge-

connector pins, or an accessory board that is not suitable for these PC

Workstations), will cause the overload protection in the power supply to be

triggered, and the PC Workstation could fail to boot.

Both power supplied on the desktop and minitower models are new

compare to the ones used on previous platforms (Vectra VL 6/xxx and XA 6/

xxx). The difference is at the V standby level, which has been extended to

deliver 300mA instead of 100mA. This extra current is required by the

100TX hardware layer so it can perform a remote power-on at reception of a

magic frame. Using an older power supply for a repair will prevent a remote

power-on at reception of a magic frame.

NOTE

When the PC Workstation is turned off with the power button on the front

panel, the power consumption falls below 5 Watts, but is not zero. The special

on/off method used by this PC Workstation extends the lifetime of the power

supply. To reach zero power consumption in “off” mode, either unplug the PC

Workstation from the power outlet or use a power block with a switch. You

should be aware that the PC Workstation will lose its time settings within a

few days if you unplug the PC, or switch off the PC Workstation at the power

block.

1 System Overview

Specifications and Characteristic Data

Environmental Specifications (Desktop and Minitower)

Environmental Specifications (System Processing Unit, with Hard Disk)

Operating Temperature

+5°C to +40°C (+ 40°F to 104° F)

+15°C to +70°C (+59°F to +158°F)

Recommended Operating

Temperature

Storage Temperature

Over Temperature Shutdown

Operating Humidity

-40°F to +158°F (-40°C to +70°C)

+50°C (+122°F)

15% to 80% (relative)

8% to 80% (relative)

Storage Humidity

Acoustic noise emission:

Sound power

Sound pressure

(as defined ISO 7779)

LwA ≤ 42 db

LpA ≤ 37 db

Operating Altitude

Storage Altitude

10000 ft (3100m) max

15000ft (4600m) max

Operating temperature and humidity ranges may vary depending upon the

mass storage devices installed. High humidity levels can cause improper

operation of disk drives. Low humidity levels can aggravate static electricity

problems and cause excessive wear of the disk surface.

1 System Overview

Documentation

The table below summarizes the availability of documentation that is

appropriate to the HP Kayak XA PC Workstations.

Only selected publications are available on paper. Most are available as

viewable files (which can also be printed) from the HP division support

servers, and on the HP Support Assistant CD-ROM.

Online at HP

Division Support

WWW Site

(see address

below)

Server

(where available)

Paper-based

HP Kayak XA PC Workstation User’s

Guide

PDF file

DT: D4790A

MT: D4800A

HP Kayak XA PC Workstation

Familiarization Guide (D4790-90901)

PDF file

HP Kayak XA PC Workstation

Technical Reference Manual

5966-8261

HP Kayak XA PC Workstation Service

Handbook (1st Edition)

Network Administrators Guide

WinHelp, HTML and

text formats

HP 10/100BT NightDIRECTOR/10

Ethernet Card Installation Guide

(D3998-90001)

PDF file

Each PDF file (Portable Document Format) can be viewed on the screen by

opening the file with Acrobat Reader. To print the document, press Ctrl+P

whilst you have the document on the screen. You can use the page-up, page-

down, goto page, search string functions to read the document on the

screen.

Access HP World Wide Additional online support documentation, BIOS upgrades and drivers are

available from HP’s World Wide Web site, at the following address:

Web

http://www.hp.com/go/kayaksupport

World-Wide Web URL:

1 System Overview

Documentation

Where to Find the Information

The following table summarizes the availability of information within the HP

Kayak XA PC Workstation documentation set.

Technical

Reference

Manual

Familiarization

Guide

Service

Handbook

User Guide

User Online

Introducing the computer

Key features

Key features¹

New features

Exploded view

Key features

Product features

Parts list

Product range

Product model

numbers

CPL dates

Using the computer

Keyboard, mouse, display,

network, printer, power

Connecting cables and

turning on

Finding READ.MEs and

on-line documentation

Configuring your

Web Browser

Finding on-line

information

Setting Up and Using Your Working in

System overview

Environmental

PC Workstation

comfort

Software license

agreement

S/w license

agreement

Formal documents

Warranty information

Upgrading the computer

Full details

New procedures

Opening the computer

Some part number details

Full PN details

Supported

accessories

How to install

New procedures

Replacing accessories

Installing drivers

Configuring the HP

Enhanced

Configuring devices

Keyboard

Key fields

Fields and their

options within Setup

Repairing the computer

Repair policy

Basic

Service notes

Advanced

Troubleshooting

Detailed

Technical information

1 System Overview

Documentation

Technical

Reference

Manual

Familiarization

Guide

Service

Handbook

User Guide

User Online

Jumpers, switches and

connectors

Jumpers, switches Jumpers,

Jumpers, switches

and connectors

switches and

connectors

System board

BIOS

How to replace

Upgrading

Chip-set details

Technical details

Basic details

Memory maps

Key error codes and

suggestions for corrective

action

Error codes and

suggestions for

corrective action

Order of tests

Power-On Self-Test

routines (POST)

Complete list

Peripheral Devices

Setting up and configuring Setting up,

configuring and

Audio User’s Guide

troubleshooting

Setting up and configuring Setting up and

configuring

LAN Administrator’s

Guide

^1.For the address, refer to “Access HP World Wide Web” on page 21.

1 System Overview

Documentation

System Board

This chapter describes the components of the system board, taking in turn

the components of the Processor-Local Bus, the Peripheral Component

Interconnect (PCI) bus, the System Management (SM) bus and the Industry

Standard Architecture (ISA) bus and the AGP Accelerated Graphics Port

Controller.

2 System Board

System Board and Backplane Boards

Both desktop and minitower models have an AGP graphics controller built

into the system board.

. Also includes: SCSI Led and external SCSI cable detection.

2 System Board

System Board and Backplane Boards

Desktop

Backplane

(front view)

Slot 1(the top slot). Can be used for a

32-bit PCI board).

Slot 2. Can be used for a 32-bit PCI or

a 16-bit ISA board (maximum length

17-cm/6.7-inches).

J12

Slot 3. Can be used for either a full-

length 32-bit PCI or a full-length 16-

bit ISA board.

J10

Slot 4 (the bottom slot). Can be used

for a full-length 16-bit ISA board.

System board slot.

Desktop

Backplane

(rear view)

Slot 5 (the supplementary slot) is under

the power supply unit. There is probably

already a LAN board or a SCSI/LAN

board installed in this slot. This slot can

be used for a 32-bit PCI board (maxi-

mum length 16-cm/6.3-inch).

Desktop Backplane PCI Mapping Table

Device

#AD[xx]

PCI Device

Slot#

440LX PAC

PIIX4

J12

J10

Rear of Backplane

Board

(not used)

2 System Board

System Board and Backplane Boards

Minitower

Backplane

(top view)

Slots 5 and 6. These slots can be used

for full-length 16-bit ISA boards.

J12

Slot 4. These slots can be used for a

16-bit ISA or a 32-bit PCI board.

Slots 2 and 3. Can be used for 32-bit

PCI boards.The maximum length for a

board in slot 2 is 17-cm/6.7 inches.

Slot 1. Can be used for a 16-bit ISA or

a 32-bit PCI board (17-cm/6.7 inch

maximum length).

System board slot.

Minitower Backplane PCI Mapping Table

Device

#AD[xx]

PCI Device

Slot#

440LX PAC

PIIX4

J12

J10

(not used)

2 System Board

Architectural View

Intel Pentium II Processor

Address (32)

Control

Processor-Local

(GTL) Bus (64 bit,

66 MHz)

Data (64)

Main Memory

440 LX PAC

82443LX

Cirrus

AGP

CL5465

Memory Bus

72-bit ECC

3 DIMMS

(Serial Presence

Detect)

PCI Bus

(32 bit, 33 MHz)

PCI Slots

CK4D

PLL

Clock

PCI/ISA Bridge (PIIX4)

82371AB

IDE

SMBUS

Interrupt

Controller

Ultra DMA

Controller

PCI Bus

Interface

SMBus

ISA Bus

Interface

USB

Serial

EEPROM

LM75

Controller

ISA Slots

ISA Bus

(16 bit, 8.25MHz)

AD-1816

Audio

29F002T Flash

EEPROM

Super I/O

NS82317

Little Ben

2 System Board

Chip-Set

The Intel AGPset is comprised of two chips. The 440LX PAC chip and the

PIIX4chip.

• The PAC chip (440LX) is the bridge between four buses: the PL (GTL)

bus, the main memory bus, the PCI bus and the AGP (graphic) bus.

• The PIIX4 chip is the bridge between three buses: the PCI bus, the SM bus

and the ISA bus. In addition, it contains the IDE controller, USB

controller and Power Management logic

The PAC Chip (440LX)

The PAC chip, called the Intel 440LX AGPset, is contained in a Ball Grid

Array (BGA) package, giving a smaller footprint and higher reliability.

The PAC chip integrates a Host-to-PCI bridge, optimized DRAM controller

and data path, and an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) interface. The AGP

is a high performance, component level interconnect, targeted at 3D

graphics applications.

PL Bus Interface

PCI Bus Interface

The PAC chip monitors each cycle that is initiated by the processor, and

forwards those to the PCI bus that are not targeted at the local memory. It

translates PL bus cycles into PCI bus cycles.

The chip can support one or two Pentium II processors, at up to 66 MHz FSB

clock frequency. Refer to page 35 for a description of the devices on the

Processor-Local Bus.

The PCI bus interface is PCI 2.1 compliant.

Sequential PL-to-PCI memory write cycles are translated into PCI zero wait

state burst cycles. The maximum PCI burst transfer can be between

256 bytes and 4 KB. The chip supports advanced snooping for PCI master

bursting, and provides a pre-fetch mechanism dedicated for IDE read.

The PCI arbiter supports PCI bus arbitration for up to six masters using a

rotating priority mechanism. Its hidden arbitration scheme minimizes

arbitration overhead. Additional logic on the PC Workstation extends the

number of fully supported masters to seven (440LX master not counted).

Refer to page 39 for a description of the devices on the Processor-Local Bus.

2 System Board

Chip-Set

AGP Bus Interface

A controller for the AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) slot is integrated in the

440LX PAC chip. The PAC chip supports only a synchronous AGP interface,

coupling to the host bus frequency. The AGP characteristics are described in

detail in “Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) Controller” on page 41.

Main Memory Controller The main memory controller supports three DIMM slots. Each slot can host

a 168-pin unbuffered SDRAM module, running at 66MHz, for a total of up to

348 MB of dynamic random access memory (ECC SDRAM).

The memory bus is 72-bits wide, comprised of 64 bits of data and 8 bits of

ECC. Refer to “Main Memory Bus” on page 38, for more detail on the main

memory.

Read/Write Buffers

System Clocking

The PAC chip defines a data buffering scheme to support the required level

of concurrent operations and provide adequate sustained bandwidth

between the DRAM subsystem and all other system interfaces (CPU, AGP

and PCI).

The PAC chip operates the host interface at 66MHz, PCI at 33 MHz and AGP

at 66/133 MHz. Coupling between all interfaces and internal logic is done in a

synchronous manner. The PAC chip is not designed to support host bus

frequencies lower than 66 MHz. The clocking scheme uses an external clock

synthesizer (which produces reference clocks for the host, AGP and PCI

interfaces).

2 System Board

Chip-Set

The PIIX4, PCI/ISA Bridge Chip (82371AB)

The universal host controller interface (UHCI) chip, known as PIIX4, is

encapsulated in a Ball Grid Array (BGA) package.

The PIIX4 chip is a multi-function PCI device implementing a PCI-to-ISA

bridge function, a PCI IDE function, a Universal Bus host/hub function, and

an Enhanced Power Management function.

The following figure shows an example of the system block diagram using

the PIIX4 chip.

Second Level

Cache

Processor

Host Bus

Main Memory

DRAM

Host-to-PCI

Bridge

AGP Bus

Memory Bus

Cirrus AGP

CL5465

PCI Bus (3.3V or 5V, 30/33 MHz)

Hard Disk

USB 1

USB2

PCI Slots

PCI/ISA Bridge (PIIX4)

82371AB

BMI IDE

Ultra DMA/33

GP[I,O] (30+)

SM Bus

CD-ROM

Audio

BIOS

KBD

SP, PP,

FDC, IR

ISA/EIO Bus (3.3V; 5V Tolerant)

2 System Board

Chip-Set

PCI Bus Interface

ISA Bus Interface

This part of the chip is responsible for transferring data between the PCI bus

and the ISA expansion bus. It performs PCI-to-ISA, and ISA-to-PCI bus cycle

translation. It supports the Plug-and-Play mechanism. Data buffers are

provided, to isolate the PCI and ISA buses. Refer to page 39 for a description

of the devices on the PCI Bus.

As well as accepting cycles from the PCI bus interface, and translating them

for the ISA bus, the ISA bus interface also requests the PCI master bridge to

generate PCI cycles on behalf of a DMA or ISA master. The ISA bus interface

contains a standard ISA bus controller and data buffering logic. It can

directly support six ISA slots without external data or address buffering.

Refer to page 45 for a description of the devices on the ISABus.

SMBus Controller

The System Management (SM) bus is a two-wire serial bus provided by the

PIIX4 controller. It runs at a maximum of 16 kHz. The bus monitors some of

the hardware functions of the main board, both during boot-up and run-time.

All accesses to the SM bus are handled by the main processor, via the PIIX4

SM bus registers. Refer to page 43 for a description of the devices on the SM

(System Management) Bus.

IDE Controller

USB Controller

The PCI master/slave IDE controller, supporting four devices, two on each of

two channels, is described on page 39.

The PCI USB (Universal Serial Bus) controller, supports two stacked USB

connectors on the back panel. These ports are built into the PIIX4

controller, as standard USB ports. The USB is described in detail on page 40.

Ultra DMA Controller

The seven channel DMA controller incorporates the functionality of two

82C37 DMA controllers. Channels 0 to 3 are for 8-bit DMA devices, while

channels 5 to 7 are for 16-bit devices (see page 82). The channels can be

programmed for any of the four transfer modes: the three active modes

(single, demand, block), can perform three different types of transfer: read,

write and verify. The address generation circuitry supports a 24-bit address

for DMA devices.

Interrupt Controller

The interrupt controller incorporates the functionality of two 82C59

interrupt controllers. The two controllers are cascaded, supporting 15

interrupts (edge/level triggered). A table on page 83 shows how the master

2 System Board

Chip-Set

and slave controllers are connected.

Counter / Timer

Serial EEPROM

The chip contains a three-channel 82C54 counter/timer. The counters use a

division of the 14.318 MHz OSC input as the clock source.

This is the non-volatile memory which holds the values for the Setup

program (they are no longer stored in the CMOS memory). The Serial

EEPROM is described on page 43.

Cache Memory

There are two integrated circuits sealed within a single Pentium II package.

One of these contains the Level-2 (L2) cache memory chip; the other

contains the processor, which itself includes two banks of Level-1 (L1)

cache memory.

The L1 cache memory has a total capacity of 32KB (16 KB data, 16 KB

instruction). The L2 cache memory has a capacity 512 KB, and is composed

of four-way set-associative static RAM. Data is stored in lines of 32-bytes

(256 bits). Thus two consecutive 128-bit transfers with the main memory

are involved for each transaction.

The amount of cache memory is set by Intel at the time of manufacture, so

cannot be changed.

2 System Board

Devices on the Processor-Local Bus

The Processor-Local (PL) bus of the Pentium II processors, also referred to

as their FSB (Front Side Bus), is implemented in the GTL+ technology. This

technology features open-drain signal drivers that are pulled-up to 1.5 V

through 56 ohm resistors on both ends of the bus; these resistors also act as

bus terminators, and are integrated in the Pentium II processors.

The supported operating frequencies of the GTL+ bus are 60 MHz and

66 MHz. The width of the data bus is 64 bits, the width of the address is 32

bits.

The control signals of the PL bus allows the implementation of a “split -

transaction” bus protocol. This allows the Pentium II processor to send its

request (such as asking for the contents of a given memory address) and

then to release the bus, rather than waiting for the result, thereby allowing

to accept another request. The 440LX as target device then requests the bus

again when it is ready to respond, and sends the requested data packet. Up

to four transactions are allowed to be outstanding at any given time.

Intel Pentium II Microprocessor

The Pentium II processor has several high-performance features that

enhance performance:

• Dual Independent Bus architecture, which combines a dedicated 64-bit

L2 cache bus (supporting level cache sizes of 256K or 512K), plus a 64-bit

system bus with ECC that enables multiple simultaneous transactions (re-

fer to above “split -transaction”).

• Intel MMX technology, which gives higher performance for media, com-

munications and 3D applications.

• Dynamic execution to speed up software performance.

The Pentium II processor and level-2 cache memory are packaged in a self-

contained, pre-sealed module, installed in a socket on the system board.

2 System Board

Devices on the Processor-Local Bus

The heat-sink is supplied with the processor, and is bolted to it by the

manufacturer. The module is held in place by a bracket. There are two

plastic clips, one on the top of each pillar of the bracket, to hold the

processor module in place.

To remove the old processor module:

1 Press the two plastic clips towards each other.

2 Carefully pull the processor module away from its connector on the

system board.

Only upgrades, pin compatible with the original processor, manufactured by

Intel, are supported.

Plastic clips

Bracket pillars

Heat sink

2 System Board

Devices on the Processor-Local Bus

Bus Frequencies

There is a 14.318 MHz crystal oscillator on the system board. This frequency

is multiplied to 66 MHz by a phase locked loop. This is further scaled by an

internal clock multiplier within the processor.

For example, the Pentium II 300 MHz processor multiplies the 66 MHz

system clock by 4.5. Switches 1 and 2, on the system board switches, set the

frequency of the Processor-Local bus, which for all HP Kayak XA PC

Workstation models, is 66 MHz. Switches 3, 4 and 5 set the clock multiplier

ratio.

Switch

Switch²

Frequency

Ratio

Processor:

Local Bus

Processor

Local Bus

Frequency¹

Processor

Frequency

PCI Bus

Frequency Frequency

ISA Bus

233 MHz

266 MHz

300 MHz

333 MHz

Open Open

66 MHz

33 MHz

8.25 MHz

Open

Closed

Closed Closed

3.5 : 1

4 : 1

Open

Closed

Open

4.5 : 1

5 : 1

Closed Closed

^1.Processor bus frequency is always set at 66MHz for all XA PC Workstations models.

^2.Switches are provided to match the system board to processor frequency when a

system board repair is performed.

The computer may execute erratically, if at all, or may overheat, if it is

configured to operate at a higher processor speed than the processor is

capable of supporting. This can cause damage to the computer.

Setting the switches to operate at a slower speed, than the processor is

capable of supporting, can still cause erratic behavior in some cases, and

would reduce the instruction throughput in others.

2 System Board

Main Memory Bus

The memory bus is 72-bits wide, comprised of 64 bits of data and 8 bits of

ECC. It is connected to the Main Memory and to the PAC (440LX) chip.

There are three 168-pin DIMM slots on the system board for installing main

memory; slots A, B and C. All HP Kayak XA PC Workstation models are

supplied with one memory module (either 16 MB, 32 MB or 64 MB ECC

SDRAM) in one of the three slots, leaving the other slots free for memory

upgrades.

The slots can be filled in any order, but there is a performance advantage in

filling the slots in the order A, B, C. Memory upgrades are available in single

32 MB, 64 MB or 128 MB ECC SDRAM modules. Note that replacement of

the supplied memory module may be necessary to obtain the 384 MB

maximum memory, unless the supplied module was 128 MB.

With non-ECC SDRAM memory modules, a maximum of 192 MB can be

obtained. These memory modules can be either; 16 MB, 32 MB or 64 MB.

NOTE

If ECC and non-ECC memory modules are both installed, ECC will be

invalidated for all memory modules.

Error Correcting Code

Operation

The error correcting code (ECC) memory of the HP Kayak XA PC

Workstation allows any single bit error that occurs in any 72-bit line of

memory (64 data bits plus 8 parity bits) to be corrected (automatically and

transparently) by the PAC chip.

The ECC detects single and dual bit errors. It can correct single bit errors

during SDRAM reads. The corrected data is transmitted to the requester

(PCI or CPU) but not written back to the SDRAM. A double bit error would

cause an NMI to be generated, and the PC Workstation to be halted.

If more bits are faulty within any given 72-bit line, the effect is the same as it

would have been without error correction. The effect of executing a faulty

instruction is always unpredictable, and might cause the program to ‘hang’.

The effect of reading a faulty data word is often similarly unpredictable, but

can sometimes be tolerated (for instance, it might merely appear as a

corrupted pixel on a video display).

2 System Board

Devices on the PCI Bus

Chip-set Interrupt Connection

INTA INTB INTC INTD

Device

Name

Device

Number

PCI Device

PL/PCI bridge

Function AD[xx]

440LX PAC

PIIX4

N/A

—

Virtual PCI-to-PCI bridge (AGP)

PCI/ISA bridge

IDE controller

USB Host controller

Power Management and SM Bus

PCI slot #1 (LAN) - Minitower

Backplane Rear Board - Desktop

PCI slot #2 - Minitower

PCI slot #1 - Desktop

0-7

PCI slot #3 - Minitower

PCI slot #2 - Desktop

PCI slot #4 - Minitower

PCI slot #3 - Desktop

The distribution of the interrupt lines is described more fully on page 83.

Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE)

The IDE controller is implemented as part of the PIIX4 chip (the PCI/ISA

bridge). It is driven from the PCI bus, and has PCI-Master capability. It

supports Enhanced IDE (EIDE) and Standard IDE. To use the Enhanced

IDE features the drives must be compliant with Enhanced IDE.

The IDE controller supports two devices (one master and one slave)

connected to a single channel. The channel is fitted with an IDE cable with

two connectors.

2 System Board

Devices on the PCI Bus

It is possible to mix a fast and a slow device, such as a hard disk drive and a

a CD-ROM, on the same channel without affecting the performance of the

fast device. The BIOS determines automatically, the fastest configuration

that each device supports. However, in general, the IDE cable is

recommended for CD-ROM drives, and the SCSI cables for hard disk drives.

Universal Serial Bus (USB) Controller

The USB controller is implemented as part of the PIIX4 chip. It is accessed

through the PCI bus, and provides support for the two stacked USB

connectors on the back panel. Over-current detection and protection is

provided, but shared between the two ports.

USB works only if the USB interface has been enabled within the HP Setup

program. Currently, only the Microsoft Windows 95 and Windows NT

operating systems provides support for the USB.

The Microsoft Supplement 2.1 software called (called USBSupp.exe), which

provides support of the Universal Serial Bus, can be obtained from the

Hewlett-Packard World Wide Web site (refer to “Access HP World Wide

Web” on page 21).

Other PCI Accessory Devices

PCI accessory boards are for high-speed peripheral accessories. A network

board could already occupy one of the PCI slots. A diagram showing the PCI

slots that are available for the desktop and minitower models is on page 27.

Plug and Play

The HP Kayak XA/ PC Workstations have a “PnP level 1.0A” BIOS and

meets the “Windows 95 Required” level for Plug and Play. Accessory boards

which are Plug and Play are automatically configured by the BIOS.

2 System Board

Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) Controller

The AGP technology was developed as a means to access system memory as

a viable alternative to augmenting the memory of the graphics subsystem

needed for high quality 3D graphics applications. All models of HP Kayak

XA PC Workstations support an AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) device

(Laguna Graphic Controller from Cirrus).

The AGP bus is based upon a 66 MHz, 32 Bit PCI bus architecture, to which

several signal groups have been added. These additional signals allow to

implement AGP specific control and transfer mechanisms, which are:

• Pipelining and sideband addressing. These control mechanisms in-

crease the bus efficiency compared to the PCI protocol.

• Double clocking (2x mode). This is a transfer mechanism that doubles

the peak transfer rate to 528 MB/s, as two 32 Bit words are transferred in

each clock period (2 x 32 bits x 66 MHz).

AGP specific transactions always use pipelining. The other two mechanisms

can combine independently to pipelining, which leads to these operating

modes:

• FRAME based AGP. Only the PCI protocol is used: 66 MHz, 32 Bits, 3.3V,

264 MB/s peak transfer rate.

• 1 X AGP with pipelining, sideband addressing can be added: 66 MHz, 32

Bits, 3.3V, increased bus efficiency, 264 MB/s peak transfer rate.

• 2 X AGP with Pipelining, sideband addressing can be added: 66 MHz dou-

ble clocked, 32 Bits, 3.3V, increased bus efficiency, 528 MB/s peak trans-

fer rate.

2 System Board

Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) Controller

AGP PCI Bus

Implementation

In the below diagram, the AGP Bus is viewed as a PCI bus with extra data

lines.

Pentium II Processor

66 MHz

PCI Bus # 1

LX-Device 1

AGP Port

Virtual PCI-PCI Bridge

440 LX - Device 0

Host to PCI Bridge

AGP

Device

PCI Bus # 0

PCI/ISA Bridge (PIIX4)

33 MHz

2 System Board

Devices on the SM Bus

Device

SM Bus Address

PIIX4 SM Bus Master

Serial EEPROM

LM75

A8, AA, AC, AE

SDRAM slot 1

SDRAM slot 2

SDRAM slot 3

PLL

The System Management (SM) bus is used to monitor several of the

hardware functions (such as voltage levels, temperature, fan speed, DIMM

presence and type) of the system board. It is controlled by the SM bus

controller located in the PIIX4 chip.

Serial EEPROM

This is the non-volatile memory which holds the default values for the CMOS

memory (in the event of battery failure).

When installing a new system board, the Serial EEPROM will have a blank

serial number field. This will be detected automatically by the BIOS, which

will then prompt the user for the serial number which is printed on the

identification label on the back of the PC Workstation.

The computer uses 4 Kbit of Serial EEPROM implemented within a single

512 K ✕ 8-bit ROM chip. Serial EEPROM is ROM in which one byte at a time

can be returned to its unprogrammed state by the application of appropriate

electrical signals. In effect, it can be made to behave like very slow, non-

volatile RAM. It is used for storing the tatoo string, the serial number, and

the parameter settings for the Setup program.

2 System Board

Devices on the SM Bus

LM75 Chip

The LM75 chip is a temperature sensor and alarm located on the system

board. It is used to measure the temperature in one area of the PC

Workstation, and to send an alarm to the processor in case of overheating.

This chip includes a security mechanism which prevents the system fan

from being disabled using software controls so long as the temperature

measured by the sensor is above the maximum operating temperature.

Main PLL

The registers of the main PLL are accessed through the SM bus. These

registers control the PLL clock signal outputs and are write-only.

WARNING:

Writing over the SM bus may be destructive to the PC Workstation, as it

allows to access information necessary to the System BIOS, without which

the system will not run.

2 System Board

Devices on the ISA Bus

ISA Device

Index

Data

Ultra I/O

Little Ben (HP ASIC)

2Eh

96h

2Fh

97h

The Super I/O Controller (NS 82317)

The Ultra I/O chip (NS 82317) provides the control for two FDD devices,

one serial port and one bidirectional multi-mode parallel port.

Serial / parallel

communications ports

The 9-pin serial port (whose pin layouts are depicted on page 71) supports

RS-232-C and are buffered by 16550A UARTs, with 16 Byte FIFOs. They can

be programmed as COM1, COM2, COM3, COM4, or disabled.

The 25-pin parallel port (also depicted on page 71) is Centronics

compatible, supporting IEEE 1284. It can be programmed as LPT1, LPT2, or

disabled. It can operate in the following four modes:

❒ Standard mode (PC/XT, PC/AT, and PS/2 compatible).

❒ Bidirectional mode (PC/XT, PC/AT, and PS/2 compatible).

❒ Enhanced mode (enhanced parallel port, EPP, compatible).

❒ High speed mode (MS/HP extended capabilities port, ECP, compatible).

FDC

RTC

The integrated flexible disk controller (FDC) supports any combination of

two of the following: tape drives, 3.5-inch flexible disk drives, 5.25-inch

flexible disk drives. It is software and register compatible with the 82077AA,

and 100% IBM compatible. It has an A and B drive-swapping capability and a

non-burst DMA option.

The real-time clock (RTC) is 146818A-compatible. With an accuracy of

20 ppm (parts per million). The configuration RAM is implemented as 256

bytes of CMOS memory.

Keyboard and Mouse

Controller

The computer has an 8042-based keyboard and mouse controller. The

connector pin layouts are shown on page 71.

2 System Board

Devices on the ISA Bus

Audio Controller

The HP Kayak XA PC Workstation has an audio chip (AD1816) integrated

on the system board. This single chip is a Plug and Play multimedia audio

subsystem for concurrently processing multiple digital streams of 16-bit

stereo audio.

Host Interface

The AD1816 audio chip contains all necessary ISA bus logic on chip. This

logic includes address decoding for all onboards resources, control and signal

interpretation, DMA selection and control logic, IRQ selection and control

logic, and all interface configuration logic.

Audio Chip

It is driven from the ISA bus, and has the following specification:

Specifications

Feature:

Description:

Digitized Sounds

•

16-bit and 8-bit stereo sampling from 4 kHz to 55.2 kHz

Programmable sample rates with 1 Hz resolution

Hardware Full Duplex Conversion

16-bit software-based real-time audio compression/

decompression system

Music Synthesizer

Mixer

•

Integrated OPL3 compatible music synthesizer

•

AC’97 and MPC-3 audio mixer

Input mixing sources: microphone, LINE In,

CD Audio, AUX Audio, and digitized sounds

Output mixing of all audio sources to the LINE Out or

integrated PC Workstation speaker

Multiple source recording and Left/Right channels

swapping or mixing

•

Line Input

•

Input impedance: 15 kohms

Input range: 0 to 2 Vpp

Line Output

•

Stereo output of 5 mW per channel with headphone

speakers (impedance >600 ohms)

Audio Front Panel

•

Microphone input jack

Stereo output jack

Master volume control potentiometer

2 System Board

Devices on the ISA Bus

Feature:

Description:

Microphone Input

•

20 dB gain preamplifier. The boost can be muted with

software

•

16-level programmable volume control

Input impedance: 600 ohms

Sensitivity: 30 mVpp to 200 mVpp

Stereo Out Jack

•

Impedance: 32 ohms

The headphones jack and the stereo-out (audio) jack can be used

interchangeably. The Windows 95 and Windows NT operating systems each

have integrated drivers (Directions III).

Flash EEPROM

The PC Workstation uses 256 KB of Flash EEPROM implemented using one

8-bit ROM chip. Flash EEPROM is ROM in which the whole memory can be

returned to its unprogrammed state by the application of appropriate

electrical signals to its pins. It can then be reprogrammed with the latest

upgrade firmware.

The System ROM contains: the LAN boot firmware, and the system BIOS

(including the boot code, the ISA and PCI initialization, the Setup program

and the Power-On Self-Test routines, video BIOS, plus their error

messages). These are summarized in Chapters 4 and 5.

The Flash EEPROMs on the HP Kayak XA PC Workstation implement a

bootblock feature which allows recovery from a failed attempt at updating

the System BIOS. The bootblock contains the minimum system BIOS

information necessary to reprogram the Flash EEPROM.

2 System Board

Devices on the ISA Bus

System Board Switches

The first two of the system board switches set the frequency of the

Processor-Local bus, and the next three the ratio of processor-frequency to

Processor-Local-bus-frequency, as summarized on page 37.

The next five switches set the configuration for the PC Workstation, as

summarized in the table below.

Switch

Switch Function

Default

Reserved - Do not use (always set to Open).

Open

Bus Frequencies (see the table on page 37).

Retain or clear the CMOS configuration stored in serial EEPROM:

Do not clear CMOS.

2 - 5

Open

Clear CMOS and reload default values in Setup.

Closed

Enable or disable User and System Administrator Passwords stored in

EEPROM:

Enable passwords.

Open

Disable /Clear User and Administrator passwords.

Keyboard power-on:

Closed

Disable keyboard power on.

Enable keyboard power on.

Boot block:

Open

Closed

Idle. Normal operation

Open

Closed

Open

Recovery boot active. Enable crisis recovery.

Reserved = do not use

2 System Board

Devices on the ISA Bus

The following diagrams show the position of the system board switches on

the desktop and minitower models.

BIOS Update Crisis

Recovery Procedure

If, for example, during a BIOS update process, the procedure is interrupted

by a power failure, and the system does not start, then you can still recover

the situation of a destroyed system BIOS. However, it should be noted that

during the recovery procedure, there is no image on the screen, nor access

to the keyboard or mouse (only “vital” devices that are required to boot on

the floppy are initialized). Follow these steps to recover the BIOS:

1 Ensure that you have created a DOS-bootable diskette. This floppy dis-

kette contains all the recovery and system BIOS programming software

(phlash.exe, platform.bin and hblxxxyy.Ful). Include the flash command

in the autoexec.bat, for example: phlash /mode=3 HC1xyyzz.Ful

H = HP Professional PC

C = Kayak XA (Pentium II models)

1 = Kayak family

x = major revision

yy = minor revision

zz = language

2 Turn off the computer. Set Switch 9 to the Closed position.

3 Insert the DOS-bootable diskette.

2 System Board

Devices on the ISA Bus

4 Power on the computer.

5 During the recovery process, short beeps are emitted. The recover

process is finished when there is a much longer beep (after approximately

1 to 2 minutes).

6 Power off the computer. Press the power ON/OFF button (for about 5

seconds), until the ON/OFF light switches off. Set the switch 9 to the

Open position.

Updating the system

ROM

The System ROM can be updated with the latest BIOS firmware. This can be

downloaded from HP’s World Wide Web site:

http://www.hp.com/go/kayaksupport

To download a BIOS upgrade, connect to the HP Web site and follow the on-

screen instructions to download the flash utility programs (FLASH.BAT,

AUTOEXEC.BATand PHLASH.EXE), the BIOS file (HC11xx.FUL), and a file

called pfmhd106.bin, onto a bootable diskette.

Before updating the System ROM, it is necessary to disable the “PSWRD”

switch on the system switches (SW-7), and to type in the System

Administrator’s Password when starting up the computer. The PCI and PnP

information is erased in the process.

Do not switch off the computer until the system BIOS update procedure has

completed, successfully or not, otherwise irrecoverable damage to the ROM

may be caused. While updating the flash ROM, the power supply switch and

the reset button are disabled to prevent accidental interruption of the flash

programming process.

Little Ben

Little Ben is an HP application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), designed

to be a companion to the Ultra I/O chip, that is connected between the chip-

set and the processor. It contains the following:

• BIOS timer

❒ hardware wired 50 ms long 880 Hz beep module.

❒ automatic blinker that feeds the LEDs module with a 1 Hz oscillator

signal.

• Security protection (access, flash and anti-virus protection)

❒ For 128, 256 or 512 KB Flash EEPROMs.

2 System Board

Devices on the ISA Bus

❒ For the Ultra I/O space: the Serial EEPROM, serial port, parallel port

and mass storage drives (disable write on Flexible Disk Drive, disable

boot on any drive, disable use of any embedded drive)

• Advanced Power Management (APM) version 1.2

• Glue logic (such as programmable chip selects)

When the user requests a ShutDown from the operating system, the

environment is first cleared. Any request to turn off the PC Workstation,

from the control panel, or from the operating system, can only be granted if

the PC Workstation is not locked by Little Ben’s lock bit (otherwise the

power remains on, a red light is illuminated, and the buzzer is sounded).

Other ISA Accessory Devices

ISA accessory boards are for slow peripheral accessories. A diagram

showing the ISA slots that are available for the desktop and minitower

models is on page 27.

Plug and Play

All PCI accessory boards are Plug and Play, although not all ISA boards are.

Check the accessory board’s documentation if you are unsure.

In general, in a Plug and Play configuration, resources for an ISA board have

to be reserved first (using the Setup utility) and then you can plug in your

board.

The procedure for installing an ISA accessory board that is not Plug and

Play is described in the User’s Guide that is supplied with the PC

Workstation.

NOTE

The Windows NT 4.0 operating system is not Plug and Play. Information

explained above is only applicable for Plug and Play operating systems (for

example, Windows 95).

2 System Board

Devices on the ISA Bus

Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

This chapter describes the graphics, mass storage and audio devices which

are supplied with the computer. It also summarizes the pin connections on

the internal and external connectors.

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

Cirrus 5465 Graphics Controller Chip

The HP Kayak XA PC Workstation Desktop and Minitower models are

supplied with a Cirrus 5465 graphics controller chip integrated on the

system board (refer to the architectural view on page 29 for its location).

This chip integrates the necessary hardware for a flexible multimedia

display system. Including an integrated palette DAC, clock generators,

Enhanced V-Port bus for easy expandability, glueless AGP/PCI host

interface, glueless Rambus channels, and a 64-bit graphics engine featuring

GUI acceleration hardware (such as BitBLT, color expansion, 3D engine, and

hardware cursor).

The Cirrus 5465 Graphics Controller Chip also offers advanced features

such as BitBLT and line accleration, a general-purpose I/O port for

expansion, front-end and back-end video playback scaling, and color-space

conversion for video applications.

The Cirrus 5465 Graphics Controller Chip uses one of two Rambus channels

providing 500 to 600 Mbytes/second of memory bandwidth, displaying true-

color images of up to 1024 x 768 resolution, and 256-color modes that can

reach a maximum of 1600 x 1200 resolution.

The Cirrus Logic AGP 5465, can be characterized as follows:

• 100% hardware- and BIOS-compatible with IBM VGA display standard.

• 64-bit video memory access with 2 MB, 50 ns, EDO, video DRAM (this is

not upgradeable since it is already fitted to capacity).

• 24-bit pixel bus (video playback width).

• 24-bit fractional component of texel addressing.

• 4- and 8-bit indexed texture source to 16- and 24-bpp display modes.

• Acceleration for playback, continuous interpolation on X, continuous

interpolation on Y.

• Chroma keying for substitution of graphics on video.

• Color expansion for 8-, 16-, 24-, and 32-bpp modes.

• Color keying for substitution of video on graphics.

• Color key support.

• DDC 2B compliant.

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

Cirrus 5465 Graphics Controller Chip

• Green power saving features.

• GUI acceleration width (in bits).

• Hardware acceleration of graphical user interface (GUI) operations

through a bit-block transfer mechanism.

• Hardware cursor.

• Integrated programmable, dual-clock synthesizer.

• Integrated triple 8-bit DAC.

• Integrated 24-bit, 135 MHz RAMDAC.

• Lighted and shaded textures with Gouraud ramp and transparent texture.

• Maximum pixel clock.

• Maximum memory clock.

• PCI Bus Master mode for 2D/3D display list instruction fetch (Processor

mode) and data fetch and store to system memory.

• Point and line draw support via polygon engine DDAs.

• Specular lighting.

• Standard and Enhanced Video Graphics Array (VGA) modes.

• Superior TV-like quality video performance: hardware video window; YUV

video support; color key, chroma key; X & Y interpolated zooming.

• Support for up to 4 MB, 50 ns EDO video DRAM (though space is only

provided on the system board for 2 MB).

• Support for Gouraud shading in 8-, 16-, and 24-bpp display modes.

• Texture map source from system memory or RDRAM.

• Three-operand BitBLT.

• Video Overlay Support.

• Video playback acceleration.

• X, Y interpolated scaling.

• YCrCb support.

• YUV-to-RGB conversion in stretch engine path, supports MPEG textures.

• Z-storage and retrieval from either system memory or RDRAM.

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

Cirrus 5465 Graphics Controller Chip

Connectors

The Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) defines a standard

video connector, variously known as the VESA feature connector,

auxiliary connector, or pass-through connector. The graphics controller

supports an input/output VESA feature connector. This connector (whose

pin names are listed in a table on page 71) is integrated on the system board,

and is connected directly to the pixel data bus and the synchronization

signals.

Video Memory

The HP Kayak Workstation PCs are supplied with 4 MB of video memory

integrated on the system board (revision B). There is either, an on-board

4 MB video memory soldered onto the system board. Or, 2 MB of built-in

video memory (revision A) and a 2 MB video memory module installed in

the video memory upgrade socket, giving 4 MB in total.

The video RAM (also known as the frame buffer) is a local block of 50 ns

EDO DRAM for holding both the on-screen surface (reflecting what is

currently displayed on the screen), and the off-screen surface (video frame,

fonts, double buffer).

The following diagrams show the position of the video memory module on

the minitower and desktop computers.

The soldered video memory (revision B) is located in the same area on the

system board as the video memory module.

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

Cirrus 5465 Graphics Controller Chip

Available Video Resolutions

The number of colors supported is limited by the graphics device and the

video memory. The resolution/color/refresh-rate combination is limited by a

combination of the display driver, the graphics device, and the video

memory. If the resolution/refresh-rate combination is set higher than the

display can support, you risk damaging the display.

The following table, lists the video resolutions that are embedded in the

system BIOS.

Resolution

Minimum video memory required for these color scales Refresh rates¹

256 colors

(8 bits per

pixel)

64 K colors

hi-color

(16 bits per

pixel)

16.7 M

colors

true-color

(24 bits per

pixel)

16.7 M

colors

true-color

(32 bits per

pixel)

640 ✕ 480

2 MB

60, 75, 85 Hz

800 ✕ 600

60, 75, 85 Hz

1024 ✕ 768

1280 ✕ 1024

1600 ✕ 1200

2 MB

4 MB

i43, 60, 75, 85 Hz

2 MB

4 MB

Not Available i43, 60, 75, 85 Hz

Not Available i48, 60, 75, 85 Hz

4 MB

The display may not support the refresh rates shown here. Refer to the User’s Guide supplied with

the display for details of the refresh rates supported.

A complete list of available standard VGA and enhanced video modes are

shown in the Appendix on page 100.

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

SCSI / LAN Combo Board

Certain HP Kayak XA PC Workstations are supplied with an integrated

SCSI / 10BT/100TX LAN combo board. Because the SCSI / LAN combo

board includes two controllers, only one PCI slot is necessary for installing

this board. The PCI and SCSI controllers access the PCI bus through a PCI

bridge. The SCSI and PCI functionalities of the SYM8751SP are contained

within the Symbios Logic SYM5C875J PCI-SCSI I/O Processor chip.

The following hardware functional diagram shows the SCSI part of the SCSI/

LAN Combo board.

Term. Power

Ext. Device

Term. Power

Int. Device

External connector (8 bits)

Ext. Device

Internal connector (16 bits)

Fuse 3A

Termination L

PCI Bus

To ExtStart Connector

Termination H

SCSI Controller

12V

VPP Translator

SCSI LED

Osc.

LED connector

(not loaded)

40MHz

eeprom

Clock

Data

Flash Memory

SYM53C875

PCI Bus

24C16

28F020

64KBytes

2KBytes

PCI Interface

The PCI interface operates as a 32-bit DMA bus master. The connection is

made through the edge connector. The signal definitions and pin numbers

conform to the PCI Local Bus Specification Revision 2.0 standard. The PCI

interface conforms to the PCI universal signaling environment for a 5 volt or

3.3 volt PCI bus.

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

SCSI / LAN Combo Board

10BT/100TX PCI LAN The LAN adapter supports the following two standards: 100 VG-AnyLAN,

100 Mbits per second over 4-pair, category-3, unshielded twisted pair

(UTP), voice grade (VG) cable (IEEE 802.12 standard for Ethernet);

10 BaseT, 10 Mbits per second, ISO 8802-3 (IEEE 802.3 standard). On the

rear panel there is one RJ-45 unshielded-twisted-pair (UTP) connector. The

10BT/100TX LAN Features on page 62 are also valid for the 10 BT/100 TX

PCI LAN controller.

Connector

SCSI Interface

The Symbios Logic SYM5C875J PCI-SCSI I/O Processor chip connects

directly the SCSI bus and generates timing and protocol in compliance with

the SCSI standard.

The SCSI interface operates as 16-bit, synchronous or asynchronous, single-

ended, and supports Ultra SCSI protocols and 16-bit arbitration. The

interface is made through two (and only two) of the connectors J2, J3 and

J4.

Connector

Description

Location

Shielded 68-pin high density right-angle receptacle.

Protrudes through the

rear panel bracket.

68-pin high density right-angle receptacle.

Internal connector at the

end of the board.

External Start, SCSI Led and External SCSI cable

detection.

Internal connector at the

bottom right-hand-side of

the Combo card.

Ultra wide (16-bit) SCSI The Ultra wide 16-bit SCSI connector is for internal devices and has an

address range from 0 to 15, with the SCSI address 0 used by the first SCSI

hard disk drive and SCSI address 7 reserved for the integrated SCSI

controller (the default for wide and narrow SCSI devices).

connector

Data is transferred at 40 MB per second on 16-bit wide, single-ended bus.

The controller is fitted with a 16-bit SCSI flat cable with five connectors,

plus a SCSI termination device; so a maximum of 4 internal wide-SCSI hard

drives are supported.

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

SCSI / LAN Combo Board

By default, the internal SCSI bus is configured to run in Ultra-SCSI mode

(providing a maximum band-width of 40 MB/s. The user may configure the

SCSI system using the SCSI Configuration Utility, included in the system

BIOS. This utility is described in more detail on page 77.

SCSI-configured-automatically (SCAM) support is provided at level 2, for

Plug and Play. However, hot swap is not supported. The controller is BBS

compliant.

External (8-bit) SCSI

connector

The Ultra narrow 8-bit SCSI connector uses addresses ranging from 0 to 7. As

with the 16-bit internal SCSI connector, the SCSI address 0 is used by the first

SCSI hard disk drive and SCSI address 7 is reserved for the integrated SCSI

controller (the default for wide and narrow SCSI devices).

SCSI / PCI LAN Combo Board Features

Interface

Features

Full 32-bit DMA bus master.

PCI Interface

Zero wait-state bus master data bursts.

Universal PCI bus voltage support.

SCSI Interface

16-bit single ended.

Automatically enabled active termination

Fast and Ultra SCSI data transfer capability.

SCSI TERMPWR source with auto-resetting circuit breaker

SCAM (SCSI Configured AutoMatically).

Serial NVRAM (Non-Volatile RAM) for configuration utility and SCAM.

Flash BIOS.

Fast and Ultra SCSI controlled by external SCSI cable detection.

Ultra speed requires 1.5m maximum SCSI bus.

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

10BT/100TX LAN Controller

Certain models of the HP Kayak XA PC Workstation are supplied only with

a 10BT/100TX LAN adapter which supports the following standards:

100 Mbits per second over 2-pair, category-5, unshielded twisted pair

(UTP), or shielded twisted pair (STP); 10 BaseT, 10 Mbits per second, ISO

8802-3 (IEEE 802.3 standard).

On the rear panel there is one RJ-45 connector. There is an LED which

indicates the LAN connection status as follows:

• Off - when there is no Autonegotiation response (for example, when the

LAN cable is not connected to the network HUB.

• Blinking - during Autonegotiation

• Green (ON) - the connection has passed the Autonegotiation and a link

has been established between the LAN adapter and the network HUB/

Switch.

The LAN adapter contains a connector to which an internal LAN cable may

be connected to the external start connector on the system board, necessary

for the use of the Remote Power On feature, described in detail in the User’s

Guide provided with the PC Workstation. The LAN adapter that uses the

Remote Power On feature must be installed nearer the processors than any

other supplementary LAN adapter card.

Internal LAN connector for External

Start (Remote On)

Optional ROM Socket

LAN cable connector (RJ-45)

NOTE

Refer to the User’s Guide for details concerning system configuration

changes necessary after installing a LAN adapter.

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

10BT/100TX LAN Controller

10BT/100TX LAN Features

Feature:

Description:

LAN Controller

RJ45 Connector

Remote Boot

ExtStart Connector

AMD PCNET-Fast chip

10BT/100TX autonegotiation

Protocols integrated in System BIOS

•

Connection to CPU board

LAN remote power on signals

Remote Power On

Remote Wake Up

•

Full remote power on with Magic Packet

Wake Up from Suspend state with Magic Packet

Remote Power On

Remote Power On (RPO) is available at 10 and 100 Mbits per second.

Vstandby requirements The Vstandby requirements for HP network cards supporting RPO, is:

supporting RPO

• A power supply able to deliver at least 250mA on Vstandby output. This is

the case for all HP Kayak systems.

Optional Bootrom Socket It is possible to add a flash device on the network card socket with a specific

LAN bootrom code. This new bootrom code will be seen and mapped

automatically by the system BIOS instead of the embedded version (system

BIOS).

NOTE

At the time this TRM was produced, there was no flashing tool available to

allow you to update the bootrom content in the flash on the LAN adapter. A

flashing tool for any AMD based card may be available, but in order to use this

tool on HP cards, only 29fxxx flash devices must be used. At present, no test

has been carried out using this tool on HP cards.

Flash / ROM Devices

The 10BT/100TX card provides a PLCC 32-pin socket and any size of flash

device can be used up to 256KB§.

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

10BT/100TX LAN Controller

Installing Two LAN

Remote Power On Cards

From a pure network standpoint, this is supported and both cards will be

functional (for example, from the operating system, it will be possible to have

two LAN cards up and running at the same time).

However, there are restrictions due to the remote manageability boot

features implementation. To support these features, an internal cable is

required between the LAN card and the system board. Only one card can be

attached to this cable, therefore remote manageability features are

supported only on one card.

The problem is that current BIOS and hardware implementation doesn’t

allow to identify to which card the cable is attached and this may result in

having none of the remote capabilities working properly. Also, remote boot

can only work on one card.

Therefore, if a customer wants to use two HP LAN cards without using HP

LAN enhanced features (Remote boot, Remote power on), then there is no

problem. However, if there is a requirement to use the HP LAN enhanced

features, then it is not possible, at the present time, to use the two LAN

cards on one system.

Even though it is possible to install two LAN Remote Power On cards in the

computer, only one card is seen by the operating system.

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

Mass-Storage Drives

The IDE controller is described on page 39. The flexible disk controller is

described on page 45.

Hard Disk Drives

A 3.5-inch hard disk drive is supplied on an internal shelf in some models.

2.5 GB

4.3 GB

2.1 GB

SCSI

4.5 GB

SCSI

Ultra-ATA 33 Ultra-ATA 33

HP part number

D2678-6X001

Quantum

Stratus

D2677-6X001

Quantum

Stratus

D5094-6X001 D5095-6X001

Manufacturer

Quantum

Viking

Quantum

Viking

Product name

Average seek time

Revolutions per minute (RPM)

Average Latency

11.0 ms

5400

11.0 ms

5400

8 ms

7200

5.6 ms

4.17 ms

83 -140 MB/s

4.17 ms

83-140 MB/s

Maximum internal transfer rate 16.7/33 MB/s

Maximum external transfer rate NA

16.7/33 MB/s

10 MB/s (avg) 10 MB/s (avg)

40 MB/s (max) 40 MB/s (max)

Flexible Disk Drives

Both desktop and minitower models are supplied with the new bezelless

version of the drive (either Sony or Alps).

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

Mass-Storage Drives

CD-ROM Drives

Most models have a 24✕ Max IDE CD-ROM drive supplied in a 5.25-inch

front-access shelf ATAPI, supporting ATAPI commands and with audio

playback capability. It can play any standard CD-Audio discs, in addition to

CD-ROM discs, conforming to optical and mechanical standards as specified

in the Red and Yellow Book.

Features of the

Panasonic CD-ROM

(CD-585-B)

• Application Disc type (confirmed by Red, Yellow, Green, Orange Book).

• CD-ROM data disc (Mode 1 and Mode 2).

• Photo-CD Multisession.

• CD Audio disc.

• Mixed mode CD-ROM disc (data and audio).

• CD-ROM XA, CD-I, CD-Extra, CD-R, CD-RW.

Description

HP product number

Disc Diameter

D4383A

120 mm

Data Block Size

2,048 bytes (Mode-1)

2,336 bytes (Mode-2)

Storage Capacity

650 Mbytes (Mode-1)

742 Mbytes (Mode-2)

Read Mode

Full CAV¹10.3X to 24X

Burst Transfer Rate

PIO mode 4 - 16.6 Mbytes/s maximum

Single Word DMA Mode 2 - 8.3 Mbytes/s maximum

Multi Word DMA Mode 2 - 16.6 Mbytes/s maximum.

Average Stroke (1 / 3) 90 ms

Full Stroke 150 ms

Access Time

Data Error Rate

Spin Up Time

Less than 10-12 (Mode-1)

Less than 10-9 (Mode-2)²

From standby mode. Typical 6s to drive ready mode

With tray loading. Typical 8.5s to drive ready mode.³

128 kbytes

Buffer Memory Size

^1.CAV = Constant Angular Velocity

^2.It is assumed that raw error rate of the disc is 10-3 in the worst case.

This excludes “retries”.

^3.Photo-CD (Multisession) is not applicable.

If a disk is still in the drive after power failure or drive failure, the disk can

be reclaimed by inserting a stout wire, such as the end of a straightened

paper-clip, into the small hole at the bottom of the door.

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

Connectors and Sockets

IDE and Flexible Disk

Drive Connectors

IDE Connector

Flexible Disk Drive Data Connector

Signal

Reset#

HD7

HD6

HD5

HD4

HD3

HD2

HD1

Signal

Ground

HD8

HD9

HD10

Signal

Ground

Signal

LDENSEL#

Microfloppy

EDENSEL

INDX#

10 HD11

12 HD12

14 HD13

16 HD14

10 MTEN1#

12 DRSEL0#

14 DRSEL1#

16 DTEN0#

18 DIR#

11 Ground

13 Ground

15 Ground

17 Ground

19 Ground

21 Ground

23 Ground

25 Ground

27 Ground

29 Ground

31 Ground

33 Ground

HD0

18 HD15

Ground 7

DMARQ

DIOW#

DIOR#

IORDY

DMACK#

INTRQ

DA1

20 orientation key

22 Ground 2

24 Ground 3

26 Ground 4

28 CSEL

30 Ground 5

32 IOCS16#

34 PDIAG#

36 DA2

20 STP#

22 WRDATA#

24 WREN#

26 TRK0#

28 WRPRDT#

30 RDDATA#

32 HDSEL1#

34 DSKCHG#

DA0

CS1FX

DASP#

38 CS3FX

40 Ground 6

Status Panel Connector

USB Stacked Connector

Status Panel Connector

USB Stacked Connector

Signal

Red Led

Reset

Ground

On_Off Button

Lock Leds

Signal

Green Led

Lock

Power Leds

Lan Led

Signal

USB0 Power

USB0 Pos.

USB1 Power

USB1 Pos.

USB0 Neg.

Chassis Ground

USB1 Neg.

Chassis Ground

10 IDE/SCSI Led

Chassis Ground 10 Chassis Ground

11 Chassis Ground 12 Chassis Ground

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

Connectors and Sockets

Power Supply Connector

Battery Pack Connector

Battery Pack

Connector

Power Supply Connector for System Board

Signal

PwrGood

Remote On

Ground

+12 Volt supply

+5 Volt supply

Signal

VBAT

Ground

5V STDBY

Ground

10 +5 Volt supply

12 -12 Volt supply

14 Low Power

11 +5 Volt supply

13 -5 Volt supply

15 -12 Volt supply

16 +12 Volt supply

Power Supply 3V3

for System

Power Supply 3V3 for System

Signal Pin Signal

Ground Ground

PCI Wakeup (J25)

Pin Signal

Ground

PCI Wakeup Connector

Ground

+ 3V3 Volt supply

PCI Wakeup

Ground

+ 3V3 Volt supply

Power Supply 3V3

on Backplane

Power Supply 3V3 on Backplane

Fan Connector

Signal

Ground

+ 3V3 Volt supply

Ground

+ 3V3 Volt supply

Ground

+ 3V3 Volt supply

Fan Connector

on Backplane

12V Power

Control Signal

ExtStart Connector

ExtStart Connector (J24)

Signal

SCSI Led

Ring

LAN Wake

Enable Remote On

External Reset

Signal

Ultra SCSI

Ground

VStandby Modem

LAN Start

10 LAN Led

11 VStandby

13 Not connected

14 Not connected

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

Connectors and Sockets

16-Bit SCSI Connector

Signal

SCD13

SCD15

SCD0

SCD2

SCD4

not connected

35 SCD12

37 SCD14

39 SCDP1

41 SCD1

43 SCD3

45 SCD5

10 not connected

12 not connected

14 not connected

16 not connected

18 TERMPWR4

20 not connected

22 CGROUND0

24 not connected

26 not connected

28 not connected

30 not connected

32 not connected

34 not connected

11 not connected

13 not connected

15 not connected

17 TERMPWR3

19 RESERVED2

21 EXTARBACK

23 not connected

25 not connected

27 not connected

29 not connected

31 not connected

33 not connected

SCD6

SCDP

47 SCD7

49 not connected

51 not connected

53 not connected

55 ATN

57 BSY

59 RST

61 SEL

63 REQ

65 SCD8

67 SCD10

INT_DEV

not connected

ACK

MSG

C_D

I_O

SCD9

SCD11

8-Bit SCSI Connector

16-Bit SCSI Connector

Signal Pin

SCD0

SCD1

SCD2

SCD3

Signal

not connected

27 RESERVED2

29 not connected

31 not connected

33 not connected

35 not connected

37 not connected

39 not connected

41 not connected

43 not connected

45 not connected

47 not connected

49 not connected

51 CGROUND1

RESERVED4

not connected

ATN

not connected

BSY

ACK

RST

MSG

SEL

C_D

REQ

I_O

CGROUND2

10 SCD4

12 SCD5

14 SCD6

16 SCD7

11 not connected

13 not connected

15 not connected

17 not connected

19 not connected

21 not connected

23 RESERVED1

25 not connected

18 SCDP

20 not connected

22 EXTDEV

24 RESERVED3

26 TERMPWR

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

Connectors and Sockets

Internal Audio

Connectors

CD AUDIO Connector

Signal

Analog Ground

CD Right Channel

Analog Ground

CD Left Channel

AUX Connector

I/O

Signal

Analog Ground

AUX Right Channel

Analog Ground

I/O

AUX Left Channel

Front Panel Microphone Connector

(Rev. A)

Audio Front Panel Connector

Signal

I/O

Signal

I/O

Analog Ground

Key Way

Front Panel input Left

Front Panel Return Left OUT

Front panel Input Right IN

MIC Signal + Power (tip)

Analog Ground

MIC Signal + Power (ring)

Front Panel Microphone Connector

(Rev. B)

Front Panel Return Right OUT

Signal

I/O

Volume Low Limit

Volume High Limit

Volume Adjust Left

MIC Signal + Power (ring)

Analog Ground

MIC Signal + Power (tip)

10 Volume Adjust Right

External Audio

Connectors

On the PC Workstation there is a Headphone Out jack and Microphone In jack

on the Audio Front Panel. A Line In jack, Line Out jack and Mic In jack

connector are located on the rear panel. These external jacks are standard

connectors.

Internal Speaker

Connector

Internal Speaker (J18)

Package Intrusion (J8)

Signal

Speaker Signal

Analog Ground

Open detect

Ground

Package Intrusion

Connector

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

Connectors and Sockets

VGA DB15 Connector

VGA DB Connector Pins

Standard VGA

Analog RED

Analog GREEN

Analog BLUE

Monitor ID2

n/c

Analog RED return

Analog GREEN return

Analog BLUE return

n/c

DDC2B

Analog RED

Analog GREEN

Analog BLUE

Monitor ID2

DDC return

Analog RED

Analog GREEN

Analog BLUE

V_CCsupply (optional)

Digital ground

Monitor ID 0

Data:SDA

10 Digital ground

11 Monitor ID 0

12 Monitor ID 1

13 HSYNC

HSYNC

14 VSYNC

VSYNC

15 n/c

Clock:SCL

VESA Pass-Through

Connector

VESA Pass-Through Connector

Ground

EVIDEO#

ESYNC#

EDCLK#

I²C Clock¹

Ground

P[0]

P[1]

P[2]

P[3]

P[4]

P[5]

P[6]

P[7]

Ground

DCLK

Blank#

HSYNC

VSYNC

Ground

10 Ground

11 Ground

12 VCLK

13 I²C Data¹

^1.These pins are reserved by VESA.

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

Connectors and Sockets

Socket Pin Layouts

Ethernet UTP Connector

VGA Connector

Keyboard and Mouse Connector

Serial Port Connector

Parallel Port Connector

3 Interface Devices and Mass-Storage Drives

Connectors and Sockets

HP BIOS

The Setup program and BIOS are summarized in the two sections of this

chapter. The POST routines are described in the next chapter.

4 HP BIOS

HP/Phoenix BIOS Summary

The System ROM contains the POST (power-on self-test) routines, and the

BIOS: the System BIOS, video BIOS (for models with an integrated video

controller), and low option ROM. This chapter, and the following one, give

an overview of the following aspects:

• menu-driven Setup with context-sensitive help, described next in this

chapter.

• The address space, with details of the interrupts used, described at the

end of this chapter.

• The Power-On-Self-Test or POST, which is the sequence of tests the

computer performs to ensure that the system is functioning correctly,

described in the next chapter.

The system BIOS is identified by the version number HC.11.xx. The

procedure for updating the System ROM firmware is described on page 50.

Using the HP Setup Program

Press

, to run the Setup program, while the initial “Kayak” logo is being

displayed immediately after restarting the PC.

Alternatively, press

to view the summary configuration screen. By

default, this remains on the screen for 20 seconds, but by pressing

once,

it can be held on the screen indefinitely until

will cause the computer to be turned off.

is pressed again. Pressing

The band along the top of the Setup screen offers five menus: Main,

Advanced, Security, Boot, Power and Exit. These are selected using the left

and right arrow keys. For a more complete description, see the User’s Guide

that was supplied with the PC Workstation.

Main Menu

The Main Menu presents a list of fields, such as “System Time” and “Key

Click”.

4 HP BIOS

HP/Phoenix BIOS Summary

Advanced Menu

The Advanced Menu does not have the same structure as the Main Menu

and Power Menu. Instead of presenting a list of fields, it offers a list of

sub-menus. The Advanced Menu contains the following sub-menus:

• Memory and Cache. Define how to configure the specified block of

memory.

• Video. Set the best ergonomic refresh rate supported by the display. This

feature, can also be used to set the preferred refresh rate for each graphic

mode.

• Flexible Disk Drives. Enable or disable the on-board flexible disk

controller.

• IDE Devices. Configure IDE Primary and Secondary devices.

• SCSI Interface. Enable or disable the integrated SCSI interface. In the

Ultra SCSI item, the Auto option will enable or disable automatically the

Ultra SCSI by the BIOS, depending on whether external SCSI devices are

detected or not.

• Integrated Network Interface. Enable or disable the integrated network

interface. This feature must be enabled when an ethernet card is installed.

• Integrated Peripherals. Enable or disable the on-board parallel and

serial ports at the specified address.

• Integrated USB Interface. Enable or disable the integrated USB

(Universal Serial Bus) interface.

• Integrated Audio Interface. Enable or disable the audio interface. This

feature is useful on non plug-and-play operating systems, because the

integrated audio chip is plug-and-play.

• PCI Devices. Enable this option if you need the BIOS to set the PCI Bus

Master bit. This could be necessary for some older PCI accessory boards.

• ISA Resource Exclusion. reserves interrupts for legacy ISA devices to

prevent conflict with PCI/PnP devices.

4 HP BIOS

HP/Phoenix BIOS Summary

Security

Sub-menus are presented for changing the characteristic and values of the

System Administrator Password, User Password, Hardware Protection and

Boot Device Security, the amount of protection against the system’s drives

and network connections, and the amount of protection against being able

to boot from the system’s drives and network connections. The Security

Menu contains the following sub-menus:

• User Password. This password can only be set when an administrator

password has been set. The User Password prevents unauthorized use of

the computer, protects stored data.

• Administrator Password. This password prevents unauthorized access

to the computer’s configuration. It can also be used to start the computer.

• Hardware Protection. The following devices can have their accesses

unlocked/locked: Integrated Flexible Disk Controller, Integrated ICD

Controller, Integrated Data Communications Ports and Integrated

Interfaces.

• Boot Device Security. Select which devices are to be used for booting up

the system. The option Disabled prevents unauthorized use of a device to

start the computer.

Boot Menu

Select the order of the devices from which the BIOS attempts to boot the

operating system. During POST, if the BIOS is unsuccessful at booting from

one device, it will then try the next one on the Boot Device Priority list

until an operating system is found.

The QuickBoot Mode option allows the system to skip certain tests while

booting. This decreases the time needed to boot the system.

Power Menu

This menu allows you to set the standby delay. It also allows the system

administrator to decide whether the mouse is enabled as a means of

reactivating the system from Standby. It is also possible to specify whether

the space-bar is enabled as a means of reactivating the system from Off.

4 HP BIOS

Symbios Logic SCSI Configuration Utility

The Symbios Logic SCSI Configuration Utility lets you view and change the

default configuration for the host adapter and all SCSI devices connected to

it, or for individual SCSI devices. If, while using this utility, you accidentally

disable all the controllers, pressing

during the power-on self test (after

the memory test) lets you recover and configure settings.

Default Settings You Can Change

The following two tables show the configuration settings that can be

changed. The first table shows the global settings which impact the host

adapter and all SCSI devices connected to it. The second table shows the

device settings which apply to individual devices.

Settings for the Host Adapter and All Devices Default Settings

SCAM Support

Parity Checking

Host Adapter SCSI ID

Scan Order

Enabled

Low to High (0-Max)

Settings for Individual SCSI Devices

Default Settings

Synchronous Transfer Rate (MB/sec)

Data Width

Disconnect

Read Write I/O Timeout (secs)

Scan for Devices at Boot Time

Scan for SCSI LUNs

Queue Tags

Yes

Enabled

4 HP BIOS

Symbios Logic SCSI Configuration Utility

Starting the SCSI Configuration Utility

You access the SCSI Configuration Utility by pressing

when the message

Press F6 to start Configuration Utility...is displayed during the

PC Workstation’s start-up routine. A further message is then displayed:

Please wait, invoking Configuration Utility...before the Main

menu of the Symbios Logic SCSI Configuration utility appears.

The Symbios Logic SCSI Configuration Utility is described in detail in the

User’s Guide supplied with the PC Workstation.

4 HP BIOS

Power Saving and Ergonometry

Full On

Normal speed

Standby

Normal speed

Suspend

Shutdown

Halted

Processor

Display

Blanked, <30 W, on

models with integrated

graphics

Blanked, <5 W (typ)

Normal speed

Halted

Hard disk drive

24 W to 62 W depending

on configuration & activity <27 W (115V, 60 Hz)

<30 W (230V, 50 Hz)

<25 W (230V, 50 Hz) <5 W

<21 W (115V, 60 Hz) (plugged in but turned off)

Power

consumption

Keyboard, mouse

Keyboard, mouse,

network (RPO)

Space bar

Boot delay

Resume events

Resume delay

Instantaneous

a few seconds

Power-On from Space-Bar

The power-on from the space-bar function is enabled, provided that:

• The computer is connected to a Power-On keyboard (recognizable by the

Power-On icon on the space bar).

• The computer is running a Windows operating system.

• The function has not been disabled by setting SW-8 to open on the system

board switches.

• The function has not been disabled in the “Power” menu of the Setup

program.

Soft Power Down

When the user requests the operating system to shutdown, the environment

is cleared, and the computer is powered off. Soft Power Down is available

with the Windows NT and Windows 95 operating systems.

The hardware to do this is contained within the PIIX4. This chip is described

on page 50.

4 HP BIOS

BIOS Addresses

This section provides a summary of the main features of the HP system

BIOS. This is software that provides an interface between the computer

hardware and the operating system.

The procedure for updating the System ROM firmware is described on page

50.

System Memory Map

Reserved memory used by accessory boards must be located in the area

from C8000h to EFFFFh.

0000 0000 - 0000 03FF

0000 0400 - 0000 04FF

0000 0500 - 0009 FC00

0009 FC00 - 0009 FFFF

000A_0000 - 000B_FFFF

Real-mode IDT

BIOS Data Area

Used by OS

Extended BIOS Data Area

Video RAM or

SMRAM (not visible unless in SMM)

000C 0000 - 000C 7FFF

000C 8000 - 000F FFFF

000E 0000 - 000F FFFF

10 0000 - FF FFFF

Video ROM

Adapter ROM, RAM, memory-mapped registers

128 KB BIOS (Flash/Shadow)¹

Memory (1 MB to 16 MB)

Memory (16 MB to 32 MB)

Memory (32 MB to 64 MB)

Memory (64 MB to 512 MB)

128 KB BIOS (Flash)

100 0000 - 1FF FFFF

200 0000 -3FF FFFF

400 0000 -1FFF FFFF

FFFE 0000 - FFFF FFFF

^1.This is for Physical memory. As soon as the PST has

been completed, the E000-EFFF area has to be re-

leased for UMBs.

4 HP BIOS

BIOS Addresses

HP I/O Port Map (I/O Addresses Used by the System )

Peripheral devices, accessory devices and system controllers are accessed

via the system I/O space, which is not located in system memory space. The

64 KB of addressable I/O space comprises 8-bit and 16-bit registers (called

I/O ports) located in the various system components. When installing an

accessory board, ensure that the I/O address space selected is in the free

area of the space reserved for accessory boards (100h to 3FFh).

Although the Setup program can be used to change some of the settings, the

following address map is not completely BIOS dependent, but is determined

partly by the operating system. Note that some of the I/O addresses are

allocated dynamically.

I/O Address Ports

0000 - 000F

Function

DMA controller 1

0020 - 0021

002E - 002F

0040 - 0043

0060, 0064

0061

0070

0070 - 0071

0080

Master interrupt controller (8259)

NS-317 Configuration registers

Timer 1

Keyboard controller (reset, slow A20)

Port B (speaker, NMI status and control)

Bit 7: NMI mask register

RTC and CMOS data

Manufacturing port (POST card)

DMA low page register

PS/2 reset and Fast A20

Little Ben

Slave interrupt controller

DMA controller 2

0081 - 0083, 008F

0092

0096 - 0097

00A0 - 00A1

00C0 - 00DF

00F0 - 00FF

0130 - 013F

0170 - 0177

01F0 - 01F7

0200 - 0207

0220 - 0232

0278 - 027F

02E8 - 02EF

02F8 - 02FF

0372 - 0377

Co-processor error

AD1816 sound system

IDE secondary channel

IDE primary channel

AD1816 Joystick port

AD1816 Soundblaster

LPT 2

Serial port 4 (COM4)

Serial port 2 (COM2)

IDE secondary channel, secondary flexible disk drive

1. If configured.

4 HP BIOS

BIOS Addresses

I/O Address Ports

Function

0378 - 037A

0388 - 038B

03B0 - 03DF

03E8 - 03EF

03F0h- 03F5

03F6

LPT1

AD1816 Ad-lib (FM)

VGA

COM3

Flexible disk drive controller

IDE primary channel

Flexible disk drive controller

COM1

Interrupt edge/level control

LPT2 ECP

03F7

03F8 - 03FF

04D0 - 04D1

0678 - 067B

0778 - 077B

0CF8 - 0CFF

LPT1 ECP

PCI configuration space

DMA Channel Controllers

Only “I/O-to-memory” and “memory-to-I/O” transfers are allowed.

“I/O-to-I/O” and “memory-to-memory” transfers are disallowed by the

hardware configuration.

The system controller supports seven DMA channels, each with a page

following table summarizes how the DMA channels are allocated.

DMA controller

Channel

Function

AD1816 Capture

AD1816 Playback

NS317 Flexible disk controller

NS317 LPT ECP

Used to cascade DMA channels 0-3

Free

4 HP BIOS

BIOS Addresses

Interrupt Controllers

The Interrupt Requests (IRQ) are numbered sequentially, starting with the

master controller, and followed by the slave.

IRQ

Interrupt Request Description

(Interrupt Vector)

INTR

IRQ1

NS317 Keyboard Controller

PIIX4 System Timer

IRQ0

IRQ3

IRQ4

NS317 COM1, COM3

AD1816, LPT2

IRQ5

IRQ6

NS317 Flexible Disk Controller

NS317 LPT1

IRQ7

IRQ8

NS317 RTC

IRQ9

IRQ10

IRQ11

IRQ12

not connected

IRQ14

IRQ15

NS317 Mouse

PIIX4 IDE

PCI Interrupt Request Lines

PCI devices generate interrupt requests using up to four PCI interrupt

request lines (INTA#, INTB#, INTC#, and INTD#).

PCI interrupts can be shared; several devices can use the same interrupt.

However, optional system performance is reached when minimizing the

sharing of interrupts. Refer to pages 27 and 28 for the Desktop and Mini-

tower Backplane PCI Mapping tables, and page 39 for a table of the PCI

device interrupts.

4 HP BIOS

BIOS Addresses

Power-On Self-Test and Error Messages

This chapter describes the Power-On Self-Test (POST) routines, which are

contained in the computer’s ROM BIOS, the error messages which can

result, and the suggestions for corrective action.

5 Power-On Self-Test and Error Messages

Order in Which the Tests are Performed

Each time the system is powered on, or a reset is performed, the POST is

executed. The POST process verifies the basic functionality of the system

components and initializes certain system parameters.

The POST starts by displaying a graphic screen of the HP PC Workstation’s

logo when the PC is restarted. If you wish to view the POST details, press

to get the HP Summary Screen.

If the POST detects an error, the error message is displayed inside a view

system errors screen, in which the error message utility (EMU) not only

displays the error diagnosis, but the suggestions for corrective action (see

page 93for a brief summary). Error codes are no longer displayed.

Devices, such as memory and newly installed hard disks, are configured

automatically. The user is not requested to confirm the change. Newly

removed hard disks are detected, and the user is prompted to confirm the

new configuration by pressing

. Note, though, that the POST does not

detect when a hard disk drive has been otherwise changed.

During the POST, the BIOS and other ROM data is copied into high-speed

shadow RAM. The shadow RAM is addressed at the same physical location

as the original ROM in a manner which is completely transparent to

applications. It therefore appears to behave as very fast ROM. This

technique provides faster access to the system BIOS firmware.

An example of an Error This example explains the different coding messages that appear in the lower

left corner of the screen when the POST detects an error during startup.

Code Message

For example, if the error 0101 - 52 is displayed.

• 0101 - Post Error Code failure. This error code is accompanied by short

message. For this example, the message “keyboard error” is displayed.

A table listing the error codes, causes and symptoms is on page 94.

• 52 - Post Checkpoint Code. This checkpoint code indicates that a test has

failed at this stage of the POST.

A table listing the error codes, causes and symptoms is on page 87.

5 Power-On Self-Test and Error Messages

Order in Which the Tests are Performed

The following table lists the POST checkpoint codes written at the start of

each test.

Checkpoint

POST Routine Description

Code

02h

03h

04h

06h

08h

09h

0Ah

0Bh

0Ch

0Eh

0Fh

10h

11h

12h

13h

14h

17h

18h

1Ah

1Ch

24h

26h

28h

29h

Verify Real Mode

Disable Non-Maskable Interrupt (NMI)

Get CPU type

Initialize system hardware

Initialize chipset with initial POST values

Set IN POST flag

Initialize CPU registers

Enable CPU cache

Initialize caches to initial POST values

Initialize I/O component

Initialize the local bus IDE

Initialize Power Management

Load alternate registers with initial POST values

Restore CPU control word during warm boot

Initialize PCI Bus Mastering devices

Initialize keyboard controller

Initialize cache before memory autosize

8254 timer initialization

8237 DMA controller initialization

Reset Programmable Interrupt Controller

Set ES segment register to 4 GB

Enable A20 line

Autosize DRAM

Initialize POST Memory Manager

5 Power-On Self-Test and Error Messages

Order in Which the Tests are Performed

Checkpoint

Code

POST Routine Description

2Ah

32h

33h

34h

35h

36h

37h

38h

39h

3Ah

3Ch

3Dh

40h

42h

44h

45h

47h

48h

49h

4Ah

4Bh

4Ch

4Eh

50h

51h

Clear 512 KB base RAM

Test CPU bus-clock frequency

Initialize POST Dispatch Manager

Test CMOS RAM

Initialize alternate chipset registers

Warm start shutdown

Reinitialize the chipset (MB only)

Shadow system BIOS ROM

Reinitialize the cache (MB only)

Autosize cache

Configure advanced chipset registers

Load alternate registers with CMOS values

Set initial CPU speed

Initialize interrupt vectors

Initialize BIOS interrupts

POST device initialization

Initialize manager for PCI Option ROMs (Rel. 5.1 and earlier)

Check video configuration against CMOS

Initialize PCI bus and devices

Initialize all video adapters in system

Display QuietBoot screen

Shadow video BIOS ROM

Display BIOS copyright notice

Display CPU type

Initialize EISA board

5 Power-On Self-Test and Error Messages

Order in Which the Tests are Performed

Checkpoint

Code

POST Routine Description

52h

54h

56h

59h

5Ah

5Bh

5Ch

60h

62h

64h

66h

67h

68h

69h

6Ah

6Ch

6Eh

70h

72h

74h

76h

7Ah

7Ch

7Eh

80h

Test keyboard

Set key click if enabled

Enable keyboard

Initialize POST display service

Display prompt “Press F2 to enter SETUP”

Disable CPU cache

Test RAM between 512 and 640 KB

Test extended memory

Test extended memory address lines

Jump to UserPatch1

Configure advanced cache registers

Initialize Multi Processor APIC

Enable external and CPU caches

Setup System Management Mode (SMM) area

Display external L2 cache size

Display shadow-area message

Display possible high address for UMB recovery

Display error messages

Check for configuration errors

Test real-time clock

Check for keyboard errors

Test for key lock on

Set up hardware interrupt vectors

Initialize coprocessor if present

Disable onboard Super I/O ports and IRQs

5 Power-On Self-Test and Error Messages

Order in Which the Tests are Performed

Checkpoint

Code

POST Routine Description

Late POST device initialization

81h

82h

83h

84h

85h

86h

87h

88h

89h

8Ah

8Bh

8Ch

8Fh

90h

91h

92h

93h

94h

95h

96h

97h

99h

9Ah

9Ch

9Eh

Detect and install external RS 232 ports

Configure non-MCD IDE controllers

Detect and install external parallel ports

Initialize PC-compatible PnP ISA devices

Re-initialize onboard I/O ports

Configure Motherboard Configurable Devices

Initialize BIOS Data Area

Enable Non-Maskable Interrupts (NMIs)

Initialize Extended BIOS Data Area

Test and initialize PS/2

Initialize floppy controller

Determine number of ATA drives

Initialize hard disk controllers

Initialize local-bus hard disk controllers

Jump to UsersPatch2

Build MPTABLE for multi-processor boards

Disable A20 address line (Rel. 5.1 and earlier)

Install CD ROM for boot

Clear huge ES segment register

Fixup Multi Processor table

Check for SMART drive

Shadow option ROMs

Set up Power Management

Enable hardware interrupts

5 Power-On Self-Test and Error Messages

Order in Which the Tests are Performed

Checkpoint

Code

POST Routine Description

Determine number of ATA and SCSI drives

9Fh

A0h

A2h

A4h

A8h

AAh

ACh

AEh

B0h

B2h

B5H

B6h

B8h

B9h

BAh

BBh

BCh

BDh

BEh

BFh

C0h

C1h

C2h

C3h

C4h

Set time of day

Check key lock

Initialize typematic rate

Erase F2 prompt

Scan for F2 key stroke

Enter SETUP

Clear IN POST flag

Check for errors

POST done - prepare to boot operating system

Terminate QuietBoot

Check password (optional)

Clear global descriptor table

Clean up all graphics

Initialize DMI parameters

Initialize PnP Option ROMs

Clear parity checkers

Display MultiBoot menu

Clear screen optional

Check virus and backup reminders

Try to boot with INT 19

Initialize POST Error Manager (PEM)

Initialize error logging

Initialize error display function

Initialize system error handling

5 Power-On Self-Test and Error Messages

Order in Which the Tests are Performed

Checkpoint

Code

POST Routine Description

The following are for boot block in Flash ROM

Initialize the chipset

E0h

E1h

E2h

E3h

E4h

E5h

E6h

E7h

E8h

E9h

EAh

EBh

ECh

EDh

EEh

EFh

F0h

F1h

F2h

F3h

F4h

F5h

F6h

F7h

Initialize the bridge

Initialize the CPU

Initialize system timer

Initialize system I/O

Check force recovery boot

Checksum BIOS ROM

Go to BIOS

Set Huge Segment

Initialize Multi Processor

Initialize OEM special code

Initialize PIC and DMA

Initialize Memory type

Initialize Memory size

Shadow Boot Block

System memory test

Initialize interrupt vectors

Initialize Run Time Clock

Initialize video

Initialize beeper

Initialize boot

Clear Huge segment

Boot to Mini DOS

Boot to Full DOS

5 Power-On Self-Test and Error Messages

Error Message Summary

The EMU utility (.COM application written in C language) is to provide full

screen online help messages (localized) on most common POST errors.

When an error is generated in POST during the boot process, EMU is run by

typing ENTER. The entry point of each EMU message is a 4-digits error

code generated by POST.

If the POST reports an error, one of the following four error categories will

be displayed.

Category #1: if the error requires to run Setup, the POST should prompt:

<F1= Continue>, <F2= Setup>, <Enter= View System Error>

and pause. (refer to autoconfig specification for more details on POST prompts)

Category #2: if the error is only a warning (i.e. key stuck), the POST should prompt:

<Enter= View System Error>

for 2 seconds then boot. (refer to autoconfig specification for more details on POST prompts)

Category #3: if the error is because a device has been unplugged or removed, the POST should prompt :

“If errors are reported because one or more of the listed components have been removed,

press <F4> to validate the changes.”

<F1= Continue>, <F2= Setup>, <F4= Validate Change>, <Enter= View System

Error>

and pause. (refer to autoconfig specification for more details on POST prompts)

Category #4: if the error is serious, the POST should prompt:

The BIOS has detected a serious problem that prevents your PC from booting.”

<F2= Setup>, <Enter= View System Error>

and stop. Only the setup and the EMU can be run. The BIOS must never boot on HDD.

5 Power-On Self-Test and Error Messages

Error Message Summary

The following table list the error codes, causes and symptoms and the

accompanied short message that are displayed in the upper left corner of

the screen.

Code #

Cause / Symptom

Short message (US)

System error

0000h

0010h

0011h

0012h

0020h

0021h

0022h

0030h

0040h

0041

Any POST error that is not listed below

CMOS Checksum error (if no Serial EEProm)

Date and Time most (CMOS backed up from SE2P)

PC configuration lost (both SE2P and CMOS lost)

Any POST error regarding an AT option ROM

Any POST error regarding an external PCI card issue

Any POST regarding an AT PnP issue

Unsupported CPU speed switch setting

Serial number corrupted (bad checksum or null #)

Product flag not initialized or bad

Incorrect CMOS Checksum

Date and Time Lost

Incorrect PC Configuration

Option ROM Error

PCI Error

ISA P1P Error

Wrong CPU Speed Setting

Invalid PC Serial Number

Invalid Internal product type

Fan Not Connected

Remote Power On Error

Keyboard Error

0050h

0060h

0100h

0101h

0102h

0103h

0105h

0106h

0108h

0200h

0201h

0300h

0301h

Fan not connected (according to CPU)

RPO initialization failure

Keyboard stuck key

Keyboard self-test failure

Keyboard Error

Keyboard controller I/O access failure

Keyboard not connected

Keyboard Error

Keyboard Not Connected

Mouse Error

Mouse self-test failure

Mouse not detected (but configured in CMOS)

Mouse and Keyboard connectors reversed

Conflict on serial port (@, IRQ)

Mouse Error

Keyboard and Mouse Error

Serial Port Error

Conflict on parallel port (@, IRQ, DMA)

Floppy A: self-test failure

Parallel Port Error

Flexible Disk Drive A Error

Flexible Disk Drive B Error

Floppy B: self-test failure

5 Power-On Self-Test and Error Messages

Error Message Summary

Code #

Cause / Symptom

Short message (US)

0310h

0311h

0305h

0306h

0307h

0400h

0401h

0500h

0501h

0510h

0511h

0512h

0513h

0520h

0521h

0522h

0523h

0530h

0531h

0540h

0600h

0700h

0711h

0712h

0721h

0722h

Floppy A: not detected (but configured in CMOS)

Floppy B: not detected (but configured in CMOS)

Floppy A: plugged on Floppy B: connector

General failure on floppy controller

Flexible Disk Drive Error

CD-ROM Error

Conflict on floppy disk controller

CD-ROM test failure

CD-ROM not detected (but configured in CMOS)

General failure on HDD onboard primary ctrl

General failure on HDD onboard secondary ctrl

HDD # 0 self-test error

CD-ROM Error

IDE Device Error

IDE Device # 0 Error

IDE Device # 1 Error

IDE Device # 2 Error

IDE Device # 3 Error

IDE Device # 0 Error

IDE Device # 1 Error

IDE Device # 2 Error

IDE Device # 3 Error

IDE Device Error

HDD # 1 self-test error

HDD # 2 self-test error

HDD # 3 self-test error

HDD # 0 not detected (but configured in CMOS)

HDD # 1 not detected (but configured in CMOS)

HDD # 2 not detected (but configured in CMOS)

HDD # 3 not detected (but configured in CMOS)

Found a drive on slave connector only (primary)

Found a drive on slave connector only (secondary)

Conflict on hard disk controller

IDE Device Error

Found less video memory than configured in CMOS

Found less DRAM memory than at previous boot

Defective SIMM (module 1, bank 1)

Defective SIMM (module 2, bank 1)

Defective SIMM (module 1, bank 2)

Defective SIMM (module 2, bank 2)

Video Memory Error

System Memory Error

5 Power-On Self-Test and Error Messages

Error Message Summary

Code #

Cause / Symptom

Short message (US)

0731h

0732h

0800h

0801h

0900h

0901h

0A00h

Defective SIMM (module 1, bank 3)

Defective SIMM (module 2, bank 3)

Found lower cache size than configured

Cache self-test failure

System Memory Error

System Cache Error

Integrated LAN Error

DDC Video Error

Lan (Chanteclerc) self-test failure

Lan (Chanteclerc) not detected (but enabled in Setup)

Plug and Play video auto-setting failure (DDC hang)

The following table summarizes the most significant of the problems that

can be reported.

Message

Explanation or Suggestions for Corrective Action

Operating system not found

Check whether the disk, HDD, FDD or CD-ROM disk drive is

connected.

If it is connected, check that it is detected by POST.

Check that your boot device is enabled on the Setup Security

menu.

If the problem persists, check that the boot device contains the

operating system.

Missing operating system

If you have configured HDD user parameters, check that they are

correct. Otherwise, use HDD type “Auto” parameters.

Resource Allocation Conflict -PCI

device 0079 on system board

Clear CMOS.

Video Plug and Play interrupted or

You may have powered your computer Off/On too quickly and the

failed. Re-enable in Setup and try again computer turned off Video plug and play as a protection.

System CMOS checksum bad - run

Setup

CMOS contents have changed between 2 power-on sessions. Run

Setup for configuration.

No message, system “hangs”

Check that cache memory and main memory are correctly set in

their sockets.

Other

An error message may be displayed and the computer may “hang”

for 20 seconds and then beep. The POST is probably checking for a

mass storage device which it cannot find and the computer is in

Time-out Mode. After Time-out, run Setup to check the

configuration.

4 - 4 - 2 - 4

Switch 9 is not correctly set or flash is corrupted. The BIOS update

crisis recovery procedure is to be used.

5 Power-On Self-Test and Error Messages

Beep Codes

If a terminal error occurs during POST, the system issues a beep code before

attempting to display the error in the upper left corner of the screen. Beep

codes are useful for identifying the error when the system is unable to

display the error message.

Beep

Code

Numeric

Code

Beep Pattern

Description

BIOS ROM check-sum failure

— - - - - - - -

— - - - — —

— - - - — - - -

— - - - - - - - —

— - - - - - - - - - -

- - — - - - - -

- - - - - - - —

— - -

1-2-2-3

1-3-1-1

1-3-1-3

1-3-4-1

1-3-4-3

2-1-2-3

2-2-3-1

1-2

16h

20h

22h

2Ch

2Eh

46h

58h

98h

DRAM refresh test failure

8742 Keyboard controller test failure

RAM failure on address line xxxx¹

RAM failure on data bits xxxx¹of low byte of memory bus

ROM copyright notice check failure

Unexpected interrupts test failure

Video configuration failure or option ROMs check-sum

failure

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

4-4-2-4

Crisis Recovery Failure

B4h

This does not indicate an error. There is one short beep

before system startup.

^1.If the BIOS detects error 2C or 2E (base 512K RAM error), it displays

an additional word-bitmap (xxxx) indicating the address line or bits that

failed. For example, “2C 0002” means address line 1 (bit one set) has

failed. “2E 1020” means data bits 12 and 5 (bits 12 and 5 set) have failed

in the lower 16 bits.

5 Power-On Self-Test and Error Messages

Lights on the Hardware Control Panel

When the computer is first powered on, the power-on light on the status

panel illuminates yellow for about a second before changing to green. This

change of color is caused by the execution of an instruction early in the

System BIOS code.

If the light remains at yellow, therefore, it indicates a failure of the processor

or the System ROM in the instruction-fetch process. Check that the

processor is correctly seated in its socket, and that the memory DIMMS and

accessory cards are properly installed.

Appendix

Video Modes

Standard VGA Modes

Pixel

Freq.

MHz

Mode

No.

VESA®

No.

No. of

Colors

Char. x

Row

Char. x

Cell

Interface

Type

Horizontal

Refresh

Vertical

Refresh

Resolution

0, 1

2, 3

4, 5

0, 1

2, 3

4, 5

16/256K

4/256K

2/256K

40 x 25

80 x 25

40 x 25

80 x 25

9 x 16

8 x 8

360 x 400

720 x 400

320 x 200

640 x 200

720 x 400

320 x 200

640 x 200

640 x 350

640 x 480

320 x 200

Text

31.5

37.5

31.5

37.5

31.5

Text

Graphics

Text

12.5

8 x 8

Monochrome 80 x 25

9 x 16

8 x 8

16/256K

40 x 25

80 x 25

Graphics

12.5

8 x 14

8 x 16

8 x 8

Monochrome 80 x 25

11¹

12²

16/256K

2/256K

80 x 25

40 x 25

2/256K

31.5

16/256K

256/256K

31.5

12.5

^1.Interlaced mode.

^2.Higher refresh modes available with generic fix-up TSR.

NOTE

An 8 x 14 font for the EGA modes can be provided with a DOS TSR

(terminate and stay resident) program. If the TSR has not been loaded when

the mode is set, the 8 x 16 font is used with the two bottom rows deleted. This

causes truncation of characters with descenders, but does not restrict

program operation. The TSR should be used for absolute compatibility with

DOS applications that use the 8 x 14 font.

100

Appendix

Video Modes

Extended Video Modes

Pixel

Freq.

MHz

Mode

No.

VESA®

No.

No. of

Colors

Char. x

Row

Char. x

Cell

Interface

Type

Horizontal

Refresh

Vertical

Refresh

Resolution

100

256/256K

64K

80 x 25

8 x 16

640 x 400

640 x 480

640 x 200

640 x 350

640 x 480

800 x 600

Graphics

31.5

37.9

37.5

43.3

31.5

37.9

37.5

43.3

31.5

37.9

37.5

43.3

31.5

37.9

37.5

43.3

35.2

37.8

48.1

46.9

53.7

35.2

85.1

101

111

112

256/256K

64K

80 x 30

8 x 16

80 x 30

8 x 16

31.5

80 x 30

8 x 16

80 x 30

8 x 16

64K

31.5

64K

16M

31.5

16M

76¹

58, 6A

16M+A²

16M+A

16/256K

256/256K

31.5

102

103

100 x 37

8 x 16

49.5

56.25

101

Appendix

Video Modes

Pixel

Freq.

MHz

Mode

No.

VESA®

No.

No. of

Colors

Char. x

Row

Char. x

Cell

Interface

Type

Horizontal

Refresh

Vertical

Refresh

Resolution

103

114

115

256/256K

64K

100 x 37

8 x 16

800 x 600

1024 x 768

Graphics

37.9

48.1

46.9

53.7

35.2

37.8

48.1

46.9

53.7

35.2

37.9

48.1

46.9

53.7

35.2

37.8

48.1

46.9

53.7

35.5

48.3

100 x 37

8 x 16

100 x 37

8 x 16

49.5

56.25

100 x 37

8 x 16

85.1

64K

49.5

56.25

64K

85.1

16M

49.5

56.25

16M

85.1

72¹

5D³

60³

16M+A²

16/256K

256/256K

49.5

56.25

44.9

85.1

43i³

104

105

128 x 48

8 x 16

78.7

94.5

44.9

68.3

35.5

43i³

102

Appendix

Video Modes

Pixel

Freq.

MHz

Mode

No.

VESA®

No.

No. of

Colors

Char. x

Row

Char. x

Cell

Interface

Type

Horizontal

Refresh

Vertical

Refresh

Resolution

105

117

118

256/256K

64K

128 x 48

8 x 16

1024 x 768

1280 x 1024

Graphics

48.3

128 x 48

8 x 16

128 x 48

8 x 16

78.7

94.5

44.9

128 x 48

8 x 16

68.3

35.5

48.3

74³

43i³

64K

78.7

94.5

44.9

64K

68.3

35.5

48.3

16M

43i³

16M

78.7

94.5

44.9

16M

68.3

35.5

48.3

73¹

6C³

16M+A²

16/256K

256/256K

43i³

78.7

94.5

68.3

106

160 x 64

8 x 16

43i³

108

126

135

157

71.2

91.1

6D³

43i³

103

Appendix

Video Modes

Pixel

Freq.

MHz

Mode

No.

VESA®

No.

No. of

Colors

Char. x

Row

Char. x

Cell

Interface

Type

Horizontal

Refresh

Vertical

Refresh

Resolution

256/256K

64K

160 x 64

8 x 16

1280 x 1024

1600 x 1200

Graphics

108

126

135

157

71.2

160 x 64

8 x 16

160 x 64

8 x 16

160 x 64

8 x 16

91.1

11A

43i³

64K

108

126

135

157

135

162

64K

71.2

64K

91.1

62.5

256/256K

200 x 75

8 x 16

48i³

^1.16M colors, but with 32-bit-per-pixel format.

^2.+A indicates 16M colors + Alpha Channel

^3.Interlaced mode.

NOTE

An 8 x 14 font for mode 55h is provided with a DOS TSR (terminate and stay

resident) program. If the TSR has not been loaded when the mode is set, the

8 x 16 font is used with the two bottom rows deleted. This causes truncation

of characters with descenders, but does not restrict program operation nor

does it make characters particularly difficult to read. For absolute

compatibility with some DOS applications that use the 8 x 14 font, the TSR

should be used.

It should also be noted, that some modes are not supported by all monitors.

The fastest refresh rate for that particular monitor type selected is

automatically used.

104

Appendix

Video Modes

Maximum Refresh Rates

Resolution

170-MHz DAC

230-MHz DAC

1024 x 768

1280 x 1024

1600 x 1200

100+ Hz

85 Hz

100+ Hz

85 Hz

60 Hz

BIOS Modes Supported

VESA®

Mode

No.

Cirrus

Logic

Mode No.

Refresh

Rates

Mode

Text bpp¹

Colors

Type²

VGA

40 x 25

80 x 25

64, 16 gray

64, 16/8 color

64, 16 gray

64, 16/8 color

4 (256)

0, 1

2, 3

4, 5

320

640

200

4, gray

2, gray

monochrome

VGA

320

640

200

350

480

200

400

16 planar

monochrome

16, 64

11C³

80 x 25

40 x 25

16 planar

256 linear

65K

Cirrus

Logic

S, L, T

VESA

100

640

400

256

S, L, T

105

Appendix

Video Modes

VESA®

Mode

No.

Cirrus

Logic

Mode No.

Refresh

Rates

Mode

Type²

Mode

Text bpp¹

Colors

VESA

101

111

112

11D³

102

103

114

115

11E³

104

105

117

118

11F³

106

640

480

600

768

1024

256

65K

16M

60, 72,

75, 85

S, L, T

60, 72,

75, 85

640

60, 72,

75, 85

Cirrus

Logic

640

60, 72,

75, 85

VESA

58, 6A

640

56, 60, 72,

75, 85

640

256

65K

16M

56, 60, 72,

75, 85

S, L, T

800

56, 60, 72,

75, 85

800

56, 60, 72,

75, 85

Cirrus

Logic

1024

1024-

1024

1280

56, 60, 72,

75, 85

VESA

43i, 60, 70,

75, 85

256

65K

16M

43i, 60, 70,

75, 85

S, L, T

43i, 60, 70,

75, 85

43i, 60, 70,

75, 85

Cirrus

Logic

43i, 60, 70,

75, 85

VESA

43i, 60, 70,

71.2, 75, 85

106

Appendix

Video Modes

VESA®

Mode

No.

Cirrus

Logic

Mode No.

Refresh

Rates

Mode

Text bpp¹

Colors

Type²

VESA

107

11A

120³

1280

1600

1024

1200

256

65K

256

43i, 60, 70,

71.2, 75, 85

S, L, T

43i, 60, 70,

71.2, 75, 85

S, L, T

Cirrus

Logic

48i, 60, 65,

70, 75, 80,

^1.16 bpp is 5:6:5 (RGB); 24 bpp is 24 bpp packed pixel; 32 bpp is 24 bpp packed into a 32-bit

dword.

^2.“V” indicates VGA compatible mode;

“S” indicates Super VGA mode;

“L” indicates Linear mode;

“T” indicates Tiled mode.

^3.VBE v2.0 reported mode number.

107

Appendix

Video Modes

108

GE 28031 Series User Manual
GE 25942xx1 User Manual
Eizo FlexScan L560T CB User Manual
Eizo EIZO FlexScan L34 User Manual
Cypress CY62157ESL User Manual
Audiovox FPE1506DV User Manual
AT T AT3101 User Manual
Asus Desktop Motherboard F2A85MCSM User Manual
Alto Shaam Inc Convection Oven ASC 2E User Manual
Acnodes 22 WIDE INDUSTRIAL LCD MONITOR APW 5220 User Manual