EM78612
Universal Serial
B us M icrocontroller
Product
Specification
DOC. VERSION 1.0
ELAN MICROELECTRONICS CORP.
March 2006
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
Contents
1 General Description·················································································· 4
2 Features··································································································· 4
3 Applications··············································································································· 5
4 Pin Configuration ····································································································· 6
5 Pin Description ········································································································· 7
6 Function Block Diagram························································································· 8
7 Function Description ······························································································· 8
7.1 Program Memory ····························································································································8
7.2 Data Memory····································································································································9
7.2.1 Special Purpose Registers··································································································· 9
7.2.2 USB Application FIFOs···································································································· 21
7.3 I/O Ports··········································································································································22
7.3.1 Programmable Large Current···························································································· 22
7.3.2 Wakeup by Port Change Function ···················································································· 22
7.4 USB Application·····························································································································23
7.4.1 Detect PS/2 or USB Mode································································································ 23
7.4.2 USB Device Controller····································································································· 24
7.4.3 Device Address and Endpoints ························································································· 24
7.5 Reset 24
7.5.1 Power-On Reset ················································································································ 24
7.5.2 WatchDog Reset················································································································ 25
7.5.3 USB Reset························································································································· 25
7.6 Power Saving Mode·······················································································································25
7.6.1 Power Down Mode ··········································································································· 25
7.6.2 Dual Clock Mode·············································································································· 26
7.7 Interrupt··········································································································································26
Product Specification (V1.0) 03.22.2006
• 1
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
8 Absolute Maximum Ratings···································································· 27
9 DC Electrical Characteristic················································································· 28
10 Application Cricuit···································································································· 30
APPENDIX
A. Special Register Map···························································································· 31
B. Instruction Set········································································································· 32
C. Code option Register···························································································· 34
2 •
Product Specification(V1.0) 03.22.2006
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
Specification Revision History
Doc. Version
Revision Description
Date
1.0
Initial Version
2006/03/22
Product Specification (V1.0) 03.22.2006
• 3
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
1 General Description
The EM78612 is a series of Universal Serial Bus 8-bit RISC microcontrollers. It is
specifically designed for USB low speed device application and to support legacy
device such as PS/2 mouse. The EM78612 also support one device address and two
endpoints..
The EM78612 is implemented on a RISC architecture. It has five-level stack and six
interrupt sources. The amount of General Input/Output pins is up to12. Each device
has 80 bytes SRAM. The ROM size of the EM78612 is 2K.
These series of chips have Dual Clock mode which allows the device to run on low
power saving frequency.
2 Features
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Low-cost solution for low-speed USB devices, such as mouse, joystick, and
gamepad.
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USB Specification Compliance
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Universal Serial Bus Specification Version 1.1
USB Device Class Definition for Human Interface Device (HID), Firmware
Specification Version 1.1
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Support 1 device address and 2 endpoints (EP0 and EP1)
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USB Application
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USB protocol handling
USB device state handling
Identifies and decodes Standard USB commands to EndPoint Zero
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PS/2 Application Support
Built-in PS/2 port interface
Built-in 8-bit RISC MCU
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5 level stacks for subroutine and interrupt
6 available interrupts
8-bit real time clock/counter (TCC) with overflow interrupt
Built-in RC oscillator free running for WatchDog Timer and Dual clock mode
Two independent programmable prescalers for WDT and TCC
Two methods of power saving:
1. Power-down mode (SLEEP mode)
2. Low frequency mode.
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Two clocks per instruction cycle
¢
I/O Ports
4 •
Product Specification(V1.0) 03.22.2006
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
•
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Up to 12 general purposes I/O pins grouped into two ports (Port 6 and 7).
Up to 2 LED sink pins
Each GPIO pin of Ports 6 & Port 7 has an internal programmable pull-high
resistor
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Each GPIO pin of Ports 6 has an internal programmable pull- low resistor
Each GPIO pin wakes up the MCU from sleep mode by input state change
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Internal Memory
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Built-in 2048*13 bits MASK ROM
Built-in 80 bytes general purpose registers (SRAM)
Built-in USB Application FIFOs.
Operation Frequency
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Normal Mode: MCU runs on the external oscillator frequency
Dual Clock Mode: MCU runs at the frequency of 256 KHz (or 32KHz, 4KHz,
500Hz), emitted by the internal oscillator with the external ceramic resonator
turned off to save power.
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Built-in 3.3V Voltage Regulator
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For MCU power supply
Pull-up source for the external USB resistor on D-pin.
Package Type
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16 pin PDIP(300MIL) / SOP(150MIL) (EM78612 AP / AM)
18 pin PDIP(300MIL) / SOP(300MIL) (EM78612 BP / BM)
20 pin PDIP(300MIL) / SOP(300MIL) (EM78612 CP / CM)
20 pin SSOP(209MIL) (EM78612 FM)
3 Applications
This microcontroller is designed for USB low speed device application or non-USB
embedded device. It is also suitable for PS/2 mouse application.
Product Specification (V1.0) 03.22.2006
• 5
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
4 Pin Configuration
EM78612A
P61
1
16 P60
P62
P63
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
15 P64
14 P65
P70
13 P71
P72
12 D+/P50
11 D-/P51
VSS
V3.3V
OSCI
VDD
10
9
OSCO
EM78612B
P60
P61
P62
P63
P70
P72
VSS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
18 P64
17 P65
16 P66
15 P67
14 P71
13 D+/P50
12 D-/P51
11 VDD
V3.3V
OSCI
10 OSCO
EM78612C
P60
P61
P62
P63
P70
P72
NC
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
20 P64
19 P65
18 P66
17 P67
16 P71
15 P73
14 D+/P50
13 D-/P51
12 VDD
VSS
V3.3V
OSCI 10
11 OSCO
6 •
Product Specification(V1.0) 03.22.2006
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
5 Pin Description
Symbol
OSCI
I/O
I
Function
6MHz / 12MHz ceramic resonator input.
Return path for 6MHz / 12MHz ceramic resonator.
OSCO
I/O
3.3V DC voltage output from internal regulator. This pin should be tied to a
4.7 F decoupling capacitor to GND.
V3.3V
O
Port6 offers up to 8 GIOP pins.
P60 ~ P67
I/O
The pull high resistors (132K Ohms) and pull low resistors (10K Ohm) are
selected through pin programming.
Port7 offers up to 4 GIOP pins. The sink current of P70 & P71 are programmable
for driving LED.
P70 ~ P73
D+ / P50
I/O
I/O
Each pin has pull high resistors (132K Ohm) that can be selected through pin
programming.
USB Plus data line interface or PS/2 line interface are user-defined through
firmware setting.
When the EM78612 is running under PS/2 mode, this pin will have an internal
pulled-high resistor (2.2K Ohm), with VDD=5.0V.
When this pin is used as a PS/2 line interface, it will generate an interrupt when
its state changes (Port5 state change interrupt enable).
USB Minus data line interface or PS/2 line interface are user-defined through
firmware setting.
When the EM78612 is running under PS/2 mode, this pin will have an internal
pulled-high resistor (2.2K Ohm), with VDD=5.0V.
When this pin is used as a PS/2 line interface, it will generate an interrupt when
its state changes (Port5 state change interrupt enable).
D- / P51
I/O
When the EM78612 is running under USB mode, this pin will have an internal
pulled-high resistor, 1.5k Ohm, with V3.3=3.3V.
Connects to the USB power source or to a nominal 5V-power supply. Actual VDD
range can vary between 4.4V and 5.2V.
VDD
VSS
-
-
Connects to ground.
Table 5-1 Pin Descriptions
Product Specification (V1.0) 03.22.2006
• 7
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
6 Function Block Diagram
OSCI
OSCO
VDD V3.3
D+
D-
Stack1
Stack2
Stack3
Stack4
Stack5
R2
(PC)
3.3V
Regulator
Oscillator
Timing
Control
Transceiver
Built-in
RC
ROM
R3
(Status)
USB
Device
Controller
Instruction
register
Prescaler
WDT
Prescaler
TCC
RAM
ALU
ACC
Reset &
Interrupt
Control
Sleep &
Wake up
Control
Instruction
Decoder
WDT
Timer
R1
(TCC)
R4
(RSR)
DATA & CONTROL BUS
I/O
Port 5
I/O
Port 6
I/O
Port 7
Figure 6-1 EM78612 Series Function Block Diagram
7 Function Description
The memory of EM78612 is organized into four spaces, namely; User Program
Memory in 2048*13 bits MASK ROM space, Data Memory in 80 bytes SRAM space,
and USB Application FIFOs (for EndPoint0 and EndPoint1). Furthermore, several
registers are used for special purposes.
7.1 Program Memory
The program space of the EM78612 is 2K words, and is divided into two pages. Each
page has 1K words long. After Reset, the 12-bit Program Counter (PC) points to
location zero of the program space.
It has two interrupt vectors, i.e., Interrupt Vectors at 0x0001 and USB Application
Interrupt Vectors at 0x000A. The Interrupt Vector applies to TCC Interrupt, and Port 5
State Changed Interrupt. The USB Application Interrupt Vector is for USB EndPoint
Zero Interrupt, USB Suspend Interrupt, USB Reset interrupt, and USB Host Resume
Interrupt.
After an interrupt, the MCU will fetch the next instruction from the corresponding
address as illustrated in the following diagram.
8 •
Product Specification(V1.0) 03.22.2006
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
After reset
Address
Reset Vector
Program Counter
0x0000
0x0001
Interrupt Vector
0x000A
USB Application Interrupt Vector
Page 0
0x03FF
0x0400
Page 1
0x07FF
7.2 Data Memory
The Data Memory has 80 bytes SRAM space. It is also equipped with USB Application
FIFO space for USB Application. The Figure 7-1 (next page) shows the organization of
the Data Memory Space.
7.2.1 Special Purpose Registers
When the micro-controller executes the instruction, specific registers are invoked for
assistance, such as; Status Register which records the calculation status, Port I/O
Control Registers which control the I/O pins’ direction, etc. The EM78612 series
provides a lot more of other special purpose registers with different functions.
There are 15 Special Operation Registers which are located from Address 0x00 to 0x0F.
On other hand, 10 more Special Control Registers are available to control functions or
I/O direction. These are arranged from Address 0x05 to 0x0F.
Note
that Special Control Registers can only be read or written by two instructions; IOR and
IOW.
Product Specification (V1.0) 03.22.2006
• 9
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
00 R0 (Indirection Addressing Register)
01 R1 (Time Clock / Counter Register)
02 R2 (Program Counter) & Stack
03 R3 (Status Register)
04 R4 (RAM Select Register)
05 R5 (Data line I/O Register)
06 R6 (Port 6 I/O Register)
07 R7 (Port 7 I/O Register)
08 R8 (Port6 wakeup pin selection Register)
09 R9 (Port7 wakeup pin selection Register)
IOC5 (Port 5 I/O Control Register)
IOC6 (Port 6 I/O Control Register)
IOC7 (Port 7 I/O Control Register)
IOC8 (Sink Curent Control Register)
IOCA (Operation mode Control Register)
IOCB (Port 6 pull low Control Register)
IOCC (Port 6 pull high Control Register)
IOCD (Port 7 pull high Control Register)
IOCE (Special Function Control Register)
IOCF (Interrupt Mask Register)
0C RC (USB Application Status Register)
0D RD (USB Application FIFO address register)
0E RE (USB Application FIFO data register)
0F RF (Interrupt Status Register)
10
00
01
10
11
EP0's FIFO
EP1's FIFO
Data Byte Pointer of EP0
Data Byte Pointer of EP1
General Purpose Register
1F
20
General Purpose
Registers
General Purpose
Registers
(Bank0)
(Bank1)
3F
Fig 7-1 The Organization of EM78612 Data RAM
7.2.1.1 Operation Registers in Bank 0
The following introduces each of the Operation Registers under the Special Purpose
Registers. The Operation Registers are arranged according to the order of registers’
address. Note that some registers are read only, while others are both readable and
writable.
R0 (Indirect Address Register) Default Value: (0B_0000_0000)
R0 is not a physically implemented register. Its major function is to be an indirect
address pointer. Any instruction using R0 as a pointer actually accesses the data
pointed by the RAM Select Register (R4).
R1 (Time / Clock Counter) Default Value: (0B_0000_0000)
This register TCC, is an 8-bit timer or counter. It is readable and writable as any other
register. The Timer module will increment every instruction cycle . The user can work
around this by writing an adjusted value. The Timer interrupt is generated when the R1
register overflows from FFh to 00h. This overflow sets bit TCIF(RF[0]). The interrupt
can be masked by clearing bit TCIE (IOCF[0]).After Power-on reset and WatchDog
reset, the initial value of this register is 0x00.
10 •
Product Specification(V1.0) 03.22.2006
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
R2 (Program Counter & Stack) Default Value: (0B_0000_0000)
The EM78612 Program Counter is an 11-bit long register that allows access to 2K
bytes of Program Memory with 5 level stacks. The eight LSB bits, 00~07, are located at
R2, while the one MSB bits, 10, is located at R3 [5].The Program Counter is cleared
after Power-on reset or WatchDog reset. The first instruction that is executed after a
reset is located at Address 00h.
ꢀ
ꢀ
R3
07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00
CALL
R2
10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00
Stack1
Stack2
Stack3
Stack4
Stack5
RET
RETL
RETI
PAGE0
PAGE1
0
1
0000 ~ 03FF
0400 ~ 07FF
E
Fig 7-2 The Structure of ROM Page
R3 (Status Register) Default Value:(0B_0001_1000)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-
-
PS0
T
P
Z
DC
C
R3 [0] Carry y/Borrow flag. For ADD , SUB Instructions
1 = A carry-out from the Most Significant bit of the result occurred
0 = No carry-out from the Most Significant bit of the result occurred
NOTE
For Borrow, the polarity is reversed.For rotate (RRC, RLC) instructions, this bit
is loaded with either the high or low-order bit of the source register
R3 [1] Auxiliary carry /borrow flag. For ADD , SUB Instructions
1 = A carry-out from the 4th low-order bit of the result occurred
0 = No carry-out from the 4th low-order bit of the result
NOTE
For Borrow, the polarity is reversed.
Product Specification (V1.0) 03.22.2006
• 11
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
R3 [2] Zero flag. It will be set to 1 when the result of an arithmetic or logic operation is
zero.
R3 [3] Power down flag. It will be set to 1 during Power-on phase or by “WDTC”
command and cleared when the MCU enters into Power down mode. It remains
in previous state after WatchDog Reset.
1: Power-on.
0: Power down
R3 [4] Time-out flag. It will be set to 1 during Power-on phase or by “WDTC” command.
It is reset to 0 by WDT time-out.
1: WatchDog timer without overflow.
0: WatchDog timer with overflow.
The various states of Power down flag and Time-out flag at different conditions are
shown below:
Condition
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
Power-on reset
WDTC instruction
*P
0
WDT time-out
Power down mode
0
Wakeup caused by port change during Power down mode
*P: Previous status before WDT reset
R3 [5] Page selection bit. This bit is used to select a page of program memory (refer to
R2, Program Counter).
PS0
0
Program Memory Page [Address]
Page 0 [0000-03FF]
1
Page 1 [0400-07FF]
R3 [6,7] Reserved registers.
12 •
Product Specification(V1.0) 03.22.2006
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
R4 (RAM Select Register) Default Value: (0B_0xxx_xxxx)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-
BK0
Ad5
Ad4
Ad3
Ad2
Ad1
Ad0
R4 (RAM select register) contains the address of the registers.
R4 [0~5] are used to select registers in 0x00h~0x3Fh. The address 0x00~0x1F is
common space. After 0x1Fh, SRAM is grouped into two banks.
R4 [6]
are used to select register banks. To select a registers bank, refer to the
following examples and the table below:
R4=01111100 points to the register 0x3C in Bank 1.
R4[6]Bk0
RAM Bank #
0
1
Bank 0
Bank 1
R5 (Data Line I/O Register) Default Value: (0B_0000_0000)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-
-
-
-
-
-
D- or DATA D+ or CLK
R5 [0]
R5 [1]
USB D+ line register or PS/2 clock interface register.
USB D- line register or PS/2 data interface register.
These two bits are BOTH writable and readable when the MCU is operating under PS/2
mode. But under USB Mode, these two bits cannot be accessed.
R5 [2~7] NON Used .The value is zero.
R6 (Port 6 I/O Register) Default Value: (0B_0000_0000)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P67
P66
P65
P64
P63
P62
P61
P60
R7 (Port 7 I/O Register) Default Value: (0B_0000_0000)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-
-
-
-
P73
P72
P71
P70
R8 (Port 6 Wake-up Pin Selection Register) Default Value: (0B_1111_1111)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
/Wu67
/wu66
/Wu65
/Wu64
/Wu63
/Wu62
/Wu61
/Wu60
R8 [0 ~ 7] Select which of the Port 6 pins are to be defined to wake-up the MCU from
sleep mode. When the state of the selected pins changes during sleep
mode, the MCU will wake-up and execute the next instruction automatically.
1: Disable the wake-up function
Product Specification (V1.0) 03.22.2006
• 13
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
0: Enable the wake-up function
R9 (Port 7 Wake-up Pin Selection Register) Default Value: (0B_1111_1111)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-
-
-
-
/Wu73
/Wu72
/Wu71
/Wu70
R9 [0 ~ 3] Select which of the Port 7 pins are to be defined to wake-up the MCU from
sleep mode. When the state of the selected pins changes during sleep
mode, the MCU will wake-up and execute the next instruction automatically.
1: Disable the wake-up function
0: Enable the wake-up function
RC (USB Application Status Register) Default Value: (0B_0000_0000)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
EP0_W EP0_R EP1_R
0
Device_Resume Host_Suspend EP0_Busy Stall
RC [0]
Stall flag. When MCU receives an unsupported command or invalid
parameters from host, this bit will be set to 1 by the firmware to notify the
UDC to return a STALL handshake. When a successful SETUP transaction
is received, this bit is cleared automatically. This bit is both readable and
writable.
RC [1]
RC [2]
EP0 Busy flag. When this bit is equal to “1,” it indicates that the UDC is
writing data into the EP0’FIFO or reading data from it. During this time, the
firmware will avoid accessing the FIFO until UDC finishes writing or reading.
This bit is only readable.
Host Suspend flag. If this bit is equal to 1, it indicates that USB bus has no
traffic for the specified period of 3.0 ms. This bit will also be cleared
automatically when a bus activity takes place. This bit is only readable.
This bit should be used in Dual Mode
RC [3]
Device Resume flag. This bit is set by firmware to general a signal to
wake-up the USB host and is cleared as soon as the USB Suspend signal
becomes low. This bit can only be set by firmware and cleared by the
hardware.
This bit should be used in Dual Mode
RC [4]
Undefined Register. The default value is 0.
RC [5,6] EP1_R / EP0_R flag. These two bits inform the UDC to read the data written
by firmware from the FIFO. Then the UDC sends the data to the host
automatically. After UDC finishes reading the data from the FIFO, this bit is
cleared automatically.
14 •
Product Specification(V1.0) 03.22.2006
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
Therefore, before writing data into the FIFO, the firmware will first check this
bit to prevent overwriting the existing data. These two bits can only be set
by the firmware and cleared by the hardware.
RC [7]
EP0_W flag. After the UDC completes writing data to the FIFO, this bit will
be set automatically. The firmware will clear it as soon as it gets the data
from EP0’s FIFO. Only when this bit is cleared that the UDC will be able to
write a new data into the FIFO.
Therefore, before the firmware can write a data into the FIFO, this bit must
first be set by the firmware to prevent UDC from writing data at the same
time. This bit is both readable and writable.
RD (USB Application FIFO Address Register) Default Value: (0B_0000_0000)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
UAD4
UAD3
UAD2
UAD1
UAD0
RD [0~4] USB Application FIFO address registers. These five bits are the address
pointer of USB Application FIFO.
RD [5~7] Undefined registers. The default value is zero.
RE (USB Application FIFO Data Register) Default Value: (0B_0000_0000)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
UD7
UD6
UD5
UD4
UD3
UD2
UD1
UD0
RE (USB Application FIFO data register) contains the data in the register of which
address is pointed by RD.
NOTE
For example, if we want to read the fourth byte of the EndPoint Zero, we will use the
address of EP0 (0x00) and Data Byte Pointer of EP0 (0x10) to access it.
// Read the 4rd byte of the EP0 FIFO
// First, assign the data byte pointer of EP0 register (0X10) with 0X03.
MOVA, @0X10
MOVRD, a
// Move data in A to RD register
MOVA, @0X03
MOVRE , A
// Move data in A to RE register
// Then read the content from EP0 FIFO (0x00) 4rd byte
MOVA, @0X00
MOVRD, A
MOVA, RE
// Assign address point to EP0 FIFO
// Read the fourth byte data (byte3) of the EP0 FIFO
MOV A, 0X0E// Read the fifth byte data (byte4) of the EP0 FIFO
Product Specification (V1.0) 03.22.2006
• 15
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
RF (Interrupt Status Register ) Default Value: (0B_0000_0000)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Port 5 State USB Host
Change_IF Resume_IF Reset_IF Suspend_IF
USB
USB
-
--
EP0_IF
TCC_IF
RF [0]
RF [1]
TCC Overflow interrupt flag. It will be set while TCC overflows, and is
cleared by the firmware.
EndPoint Zero interrupt flag. It will be set when the EM78612 receives
Vender /Customer Command to EndPoint Zero. This bit is cleared by the
firmware.
RF [2]
RF [3]
RF [4]
RF [5]
RF [6]
USB Suspend interrupt flag. It will be set when the EM78612 finds the USB
Suspend Signal on USB bus. This bit is cleared by the firmware.
USB Reset interrupt flag. It will be set when the host issues the USB Reset
signal.
USB Host Resume interrupt flag. It is set only under Dual Clock mode when
the USB suspend signal becomes low.
Port 5 State Change interrupt flag. It is set when the Port 5 state changes .
(Port 5 state change interrupt only work in PS/2 mode.)
Default value is zero and do not modify it.
R10~R1F are General purpose registers. These registers can be used no matter what
Bank Selector is. There are 2 banks(BK0 & BK1) R20~R3F General purpose registers,
Select by R4 [6].
7.2.1.2 Control Registers in Bank 0
Special purpose registers for special control purposes are also available. Except for the
Accumulator (A), these registers must be read and written by special instructions. One
of these registers, CONT, can only be read by the instruction "CONTR" and written by
"CONTW" instruction. The remaining special control registers can be read by the
instruction "IOR" and written by the instruction "IOW."
A (Accumulator Register)
The accumulator is an 8-bit register that holds operands and results of arithmetic
calculations. It is not addressable.
16 •
Product Specification(V1.0) 03.22.2006
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
CONT (Control Register)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RW_E
/INT
TSR2
TSR1
TSR0
PSR2
PSR1
PSR0
NOTE
The CONT register can be read by the instruction "CONTR" and written by the
instruction “CONTW."
CONT [0~2] WatchDog Timer prescaler bits. These three bits are used as the
prescaler of WatchDog Timer.
CONT [3~5] TCC Timer prescaler bits.
The relationship between the prescaler value and these bits are as shown below:
PSR2/TSR2
PSR1/TSR1
PSR0/TSR0
TCC Rate
WDT Rate
( 8mS )
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
6MHz / 2
6MHz / 4
8 ms
16 ms
6MHz / 8
32 ms
6MHz / 16
6MHz / 32
6MHz / 64
6MHz / 128
6MHz / 256
64 ms
128 ms
256 ms
512 ms
1024 ms
CONT [6] Interrupt enable control bit. This bit toggles Interrupt function between
enable and disable. It is set to 1 by the interrupt disable instruction "DISI"
and reset by the interrupt enable instructions "ENI" or "RETI."
0: Enable the Interrupt function.
1: Disable the Interrupt function.
CONT [7] Remote wake-up enable bit. This bit is set to 1, if host enables device to
remote wake-up PC. It could be modified by SetFeature() & ClearFeature()
Request.
IOC5 ~IOC7 I/O Port Direction Control Registers
Each bit controls the I/O direction of three I/O ports ( Port5~Port7 ) respectively. When
these bits are set to 1, the relative I/O pins become input pins. Similarly, the I/O pins
becomes outputs when the relative control bits are cleared.
1: Input direction.
0: Output direction.
Product Specification (V1.0) 03.22.2006
• 17
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
IOC5 (Data Line I/O Control Register) Default Value: (0B_0000_0011)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P51
P50
IOC5 [2~7] Undefined registers. The default value is 0.
IOC6 (Port 6 I/O Control Register) Default Value: (0B_1111_1111)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P67
P66
P65
P64
P63
P62
P61
P60
IOC7 (Port 7 I/O Control Register) Default Value: (0B_0000_1111)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-
-
-
-
P73
P72
P71
P70
IOC8 (Sink Current Control Register) Default Value: (0B_0000_0000)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
Sink1.1
Sink1.0
0
0
Sink01
Sink0.0
IOC8 [0,1][4,5] are P70/P71 sink current control registers. Four levels are offered for
selection:
Sink0.1/1.1
Sink0.0/1.0
Sink Current
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
3mA±10%
6mA±10%
12mA±10%
25mA±10%
The default current after Power-on reset is 3mA.
IOCA (Operation Mode Control Register) Default Value: (0B_1100_0011)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Dual_Frq.1 Dual_Frq.0
0
0
0
0
PS/2
USB
IOCA [0,1]
These two bits are used to select the operation mode. The definition of
these two control registers is described in the table below.
IOCA[1]
IOCA[0]
Operation Mode
Detect Mode
0
0
0
1
USB Mode
18 •
Product Specification(V1.0) 03.22.2006
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
1
1
0
1
PS/2 Mode
USB Test Mode
IOCA [2~5] Undefined registers. The default value is 0.
IOCA [6,7]
Select the operation frequency in Dual Clock Mode. Four frequencies
are available and can be chosen as Dual Clock mode for running the
MCU program.
Dual_Frq.1
Dual_Frq.0
Frequency
500Hz
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
4kHz
32kHz
256kHz
IOCB (Port 6 Pull-Low Control Register) Default Value: (0B_0000_0000)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PL67
PL66
PL65
PL64
PL63
PL62
PL61
PL60
IOCB [0~7] Select whether the 10K Ohm pull-low resistor of Port 6 individual pin is
connected or not.
1: Enable the pull-low function.
0: Disable the pull-low function.
IOCC (Port 6 Pull-High Control Register) Default Value: (0B_0000_0000)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PH67
PH66
PH65
PH64
PH63
PH62
PH61
PH60
IOCC [0~7] Select whether the 132K Ohm pull-high resistor of Port 6 individual pin is
connected or not.
1: Enable the pull-high function.
0: Disable the pull-high function.
Product Specification (V1.0) 03.22.2006
• 19
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
IOCD (Port 7 Pull-High Control Register) Default Value: (0B_0000_0000)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-
-
-
-
PH73
PH72
PH71
PH70
IOCD [0~3] Select whether the 132K Ohm pull-high resistor of Port 7 individual pin is
connected or not.
1: Enable the pull-high function.
0: Disable the pull-high function.
IOCE (Special Function Control Register) Default Value: (0B_1111_0000)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
/Dual clock /WUE
WTE
RUN
0
0
0
0
IOCE [0~3] Undefined register. The default value is zero.
IOCE [4]
Run bit. This bit can be cleared by the firmware and set during power-on,
or by the hardware at the falling edge of wake-up signal. When this bit is
cleared, the clock system is disabled and the MCU enters into power
down mode. At the transition of wake-up signal from high to low, this bit is
set to enable the clock system.
1: Run mode. The EM78612 is working normally.
0: Sleep mode. The EM78612 is in power down mode.
IOCE [5]
WatchDog Timer enable bit. The bit disable/enables the WatchDog
Timer.
1: Enable WDT.
0: Disable WDT.
NOTE
If the Code Option WTC bit is "0,” WDT is always disabled.
IOCE [6]
IOCE [7]
Enable the wake-up function as triggered by port-change. This bit is set
by UDC.
1: Disable the wake-up function.
0: Enable the wake-up function.
Dual clock Control bit. This bit is used to select the frequency of system
clock. When this bit is cleared, the MCU will run on very low frequency
save power and the UDC will stop working.
1: Selects EM78612 to run on normal frequency.
0: Selects to run on slow frequency.
20 •
Product Specification(V1.0) 03.22.2006
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
IOCF (Interrupt Mask Register) Default Value: (0B_0000_0000)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Port 5 State
Change_IE Resume_1E
USB Host
USB
Reset_IE
USB
Suspend_IE
-
-
EP0_IE TCC_IE
IOCF [0~5] TCC / EP0 / USB Suspend / USB Reset / USB Host Resume / Port 5
State Change enable bits. These eight bits respectively control the
function of TCC interrupt, EP0 interrupt, USB Suspend interrupt, USB
Reset interrupt, USB Host Resume interrupt, Port5 State Change
interrupt, Individual interrupt is enabled by setting its associated control
bit in the IOCF to "1".
1: Enable Interrupt.
0: Disable Interrupt.
IOCF[6]
Default value is zero and do not modify it.
Only when the global interrupt is enabled by the ENI instruction that the individual
interrupt will work. After DISI instruction, any interrupt will not work even if the
respective control bits of IOCF are set to 1.
The USB Host Resume Interrupt works only under Dual clock mode. This is
because when the MCU is under sleep mode, it will be waked up by the UDC Resume
signal automatically.
7.2.2 USB Application FIFOs
For USB Application, EM78612 provides an 8-byte First-In-First-Out (FIFO) buffer for
each endpoint. The buffer cannot be accessed directly. However, a corresponding Data
Byte Pointer register for each endpoint is made available to address the individual byte
of the FIFO buffer. The content of the individual byte will map to a special register.
Product Specification (V1.0) 03.22.2006
• 21
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
7.3 I/O Ports
The EM78612 has up to twelve General Purposes I/O pins, which are classifies into two
port groups; Port 6 and Port 7. Each pin has an internal resistor that can be individually
selected by user.
The following describes the important features o EM78612 I/O pins.
7.3.1 Programmable Large Current
Port 7 has two pins; P70 and P71 that can drive large current of up to 30mA. The range
of driving current is from 3mA to 30mA, which is programmable. Use IOC8 [0,1] and
IOC8 [4,5] to control the sink current of P70/P71. The default current is 3mA.
7.3.2 Wakeup by Port Change Function
Each of the GPIO pins in Port 6 and Port 7 can wakeup the MCU through signal change
from input pin. This function is used to wake-up the MCU automatically from sleep
mode. It also supports the remote wake-up function for USB application.
22 •
Product Specification(V1.0) 03.22.2006
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
Any of the Individual pins of Port 6 and Port 7 can be defined to wakeup the MCU by
setting their respective bits, R8 and R9.
7.4 USB Application
EM78612 is specially designed for USB device application and has many powerful
functions that help the firmware to free itself from complex situation in various aspects
of USB application.
7.4.1 Detect PS/2 or USB Mode
When the EM78612 is connected to the bus, the firmware should detect and identify
which type of bus (USB or PS/2) it is connected to. The conditions that influence detect
function are described below:
1.
2.
3.
4.
After a Power-on reset, the initial value of IOCA [0,1] is 0b00. Thus the operation
mode is “Detect mode” and the D+ and D- I/O pins are internal pulled high by
200K Ohm to VDD.
The firmware checks the state of R5 [0,1]. If the state with which these two bits is
0b00, set the IOCA [0] to “1” to define the “USB mode.” Otherwise, set the IOCA [1]
to “1,” to define “PS/2 mode.”
When the operation mode is defined as “USB mode,” the D- I/O pin is internal
pulled high by a 1.5K Ohm resistor to 3.3V, which is output from a built-in
regulator.
If the operation mode is in “PS/2 mode,” both of the PS/2 interface I/O pins are
internal pulled high by a 2.2K Ohm resistor to VDD.
NOTE
The firmware should set the operation mode, either in USB mode or PS/2 mode, at the
beginning of program.
An additional mode, “USB Test Mode” is also available. This mode has no load on D+
and D- I/O pins, and can only be used in USB Application case. Therefore, an external
1.5K Ohm resistor is needed to pull up D- IO pin to 3.3V.
Under “PS/2 mode,” both PS/2 pins are programmed to generate an interrupt. After
setting the Port 5 State change to Interrupt Enable bit, the MCU will interrupt while the
state of these two pins changes.
Product Specification (V1.0) 03.22.2006
• 23
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
7.4.2 USB Device Controller
The USB Device Controller (UDC) built-in in the EM78612 can interpret the USB
Standard Command and response automatically without involving firmware. The
embedded Series Interface Engine (SIE) handles the serialization and deserialization
of actual USB transmission. Thus, a developer can concentrate his efforts more in
perfecting the device actual functions and spend less energy in dealing with USB
transaction.
The UDC handles and decodes most Standard USB commands defined in the USB
Specification Rev1.1. If UDC receives an unsupported command, it will set a flag to
notify MCU the receipt of such command. The Standard Commands that EM78612
supports includes; Clear Feature, Get Configuration, Get Interface, Get Status, Set
Address, Set Configuration, Set Feature, and Set Interface.
Each time UDC receives a USB command, it writes the command into EP0’s FIFO.
Only when it receives unsupported command that the UDC will notify the MCU through
interrupt.
Therefore, EM78612 is very flexible under USB application because the developer can
freely choose the method of decoding the USB command as dictated by different
situation.
7.4.3 Device Address and Endpoints
EM78612 supports one device address, two endpoints, EP0 for control endpoint, and
EP1 for interrupt endpoint. Sending data to USB host in EM78612 is very easy. Just
write data into EP’s FIFO, then set flag, and the UDC will handle the rest. It will then
confirm that the USB host has received the correct data from EM78612.
7.5 Reset
The EM78612 provides three types of reset: (1) Power-on Reset, (2) WatchDog Reset,
and (3) USB Reset.
7.5.1 Power-On Reset
Power-on Reset occurs when the device is attached to power and a reset signal is
initiated. The signal will last until the MCU becomes stable. After a Power-on Reset, the
MCU enters into following predetermined states (see below), and then, it is ready to
execute the program.
A. The program counter is cleared.
B. The TCC timer and WatchDog timer are cleared.
24 •
Product Specification(V1.0) 03.22.2006
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
C. Special registers and Special Control registers are all set to initial value.
The MCU also has a low voltage detector that detects low output power condition.
Whenever the output voltage of the 3.3V regulator decreases to below 2.2V, a reset
signal is set off.
7.5.2 WatchDog Reset
When the WatchDog timer overflows, it causes the WatchDog to reset. After it resets,
the program is executed from the beginning and some registers will be reset. The UDC
however, remains unaffected.
7.5.3 USB Reset
When UDC detects a USB Reset signal on USB Bus, it interrupts the MCU, then
proceed to perform the specified process that follows. After a USB device is attached to
the USB port, it cannot respond to any bus transactions until it receives a USB Reset
signal from the bus.
7.6 Power Saving Mode
The EM78612 provides two options of power saving modes for energy conservation,
i.e., Power Down mode, and Dual Clock mode.
7.6.1 Power Down Mode
The EM78612 enters into Power Down mode by clearing the RUN register (IOCE[4]).
During this mode, the oscillator is turned off and the MCU goes to sleep. It will wake up
when signal from USB host is resumed, or when the WatchDog resets, or the input port
state changes.
If the MCU wakes up when I/O port status changes, the direction of I/O port direction
should be set at input direction, then read the state of port. For example:
// Set the Port 6 to input port
MOV
IOW
A,@0XFF
PORT6
// Read the state of Port 6
MOV PORT6,PORT6
// Clear the RUN bit
IOR
AND
IOW
0X0E
A,@0B11101111
0X0E
Product Specification (V1.0) 03.22.2006
• 25
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
:
:
7.6.2 Dual Clock Mode
The EM78612 has one internal oscillator for power saving application. Clearing the Bit
IOCE [7] will enable the low frequency oscillator. At the same time, the external
oscillator will be turned off. Then the MCU will run under very low frequency to
conserve power. Four types of frequency are available for selection in setting Bits IOCA
[6, 7].
The USB Host Resume Interrupt can only be used in this mode. If this interrupt is
enabled, the MCU will be interrupted when the USB Host Resume signal is detected on
USB Bus.
7.7 Interrupt
The EM78612 has two interrupt vectors, one is in 0x0001, and the other is in 0x000A.
When an interrupt occurs while the MCU is running, it will jump to the interrupt vector
(0x0001 or 0x000A) and execute the instructions sequentially from interrupt vector. RF
is the interrupt status register that records the interrupt status in the relative flags/bits.
The interrupt condition could be one of the following:
1.
TCC Overflow
When the Timer Clock / Counter Register (R1) overflows, the
status flag RF[0] will be set to 1. Its interrupt vector is 0X0001.
2.
EP0 Interrupt
When the UDC successfully received a setup transaction
from host to EndPoint0, the status flag RF[1] will be set to 1. Its interrupt vector is
0X000A.
3.
4.
5.
6.
USB Suspend
When UDC detects a USB Suspend signal on USB bus, the
status flag RF[2] will be set to 1. Its interrupt vector is 0X000A.
USB Reset
When the UDC detects a USB Reset signal on USB bus,
the status flag RF[3] will be set to 1. Its interrupt vector is 0X000A.
USB Host Resume When UDC detects that the USB bus has left the Suspend
condition, the status flag RF[4] will be set to 1. Its interrupt vector is 0X000A.
Port 5 State Change When the input signals in Port 5 changes, the status flag
RF[5] will be set to 1. Its interrupt vector is 0X0001.
IOCF is an interrupt mask register which can be set individually bit by bit. While their
respective bit is written to 0, the hardware interrupt will inhibit, that is, the EM78612 will
not jump to the interrupt vector to execute instructions. But the interrupt status flags still
records the conditions no matter whether the interrupt is masked or not. The interrupt
26 •
Product Specification(V1.0) 03.22.2006
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
status flags must be cleared by firmware before leaving the interrupt service routine
and enabling interrupt.
The global interrupt is enabled by the ENI (RETI) instruction and is disabled by the DISI
instruction.
æInterrupt flag. If a bit of RF is asserted, it means the relative interrupt
requested.
æThe priority of USB, TCC interrupt is USB > TCC.
æThe additional hardware process step of the interrupt occurred
including
AꢀDisable interrupt means reserving next time interrupt
process until the instruction “RETI” executed.
BꢀJump to interrupt vector.
CꢀPush “Accumulator”, “R3” and “R4”. Steps “A”, “B”, and “C”
are executed at the same time.
DꢀClear “R3”and“R4”.
EꢀIf the instruction “RETI” is executed, pop “Accumulator”,
“R3” and “R4”.
FꢀReturn to main program and enable interrupt. Step “E” and “F” are
executed at the same time.
8 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Symbol
Min
0
Max
70
Unit
ºC
ºC
V
Temperature under bias
Storage temperature
Input voltage
-65
-0.5
-0.5
150
6.0
6.0
Output voltage
V
Product Specification (V1.0) 03.22.2006
• 27
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
9 DC Electrical Characteristic
(T = 25 , VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V)
Symble
Parameter
Condition
3.3V Regulator
Min Type Max Unit
VRag
Output voltage of 3.3v Regulator
VDD = 5V
3.0
-
3.3
3.6
V
V
V
VResetL Low Power Reset detecting low Voltage
VResetH Low Power Reset detecting high Voltage
-
-
-
Ireg
3.3V Regulator driving capacity
V3.3 = 3.3V
MCU Operation
VIN= VDD,VSS
100 mA
IIL
Input Leakage Current for input pins
Clock Input High Voltage
-
2.5
-
-
-
-
1
A
VIHX
VILX
OSCI
OSCI
-
V
Clock Input Low Voltage
1.0
10
V
VDD operating supply current –
Normal frequency operation mode
ICC1
Freq. = 6MHz
-
-
mA
Operating supply current 1 –
Power down mode
A
ISB
WDT disabled
-
-
100
GPIO Pins
VIH
VIL
VIH
VIL
Input High Voltage
Input Low Voltage
Input High Voltage
Input Low Voltage
Output High Voltage
(Port 6 & P72~P73)
Output Low Voltage
(Port 6 )
Port 5
2.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
V
V
V
V
Port 5
0.8
-
Port 6 & 7
2.0
-
Port 6 & 7
VOH1 = 2.4V
VREG = 3.3V
VOL2 = 0.4V
VREG = 3.3V
VOH2 = 2.4V
VDD = 5V
0.8
IOH1
IOL1
IOH2
IOL2
11
11
7
mA
mA
mA
mA
Output High Voltage
(Port5)
VOL2 = 2.4V
VDD = 5V
Output Low Voltage
(Port5)
13
The input pin with internal
K
Ā
RPH
Pull-high resister
Pull-low resister
100
8
pull-high resistor of Port6 or
Port7 is connected to VSS.
The input pin with internal
pull-low resistor of Port6 is
connected to VDD.
KĀ
RPL
Symble
Parameter
Condition
Min Type Max Unit
USB Interface
VOH
VOL
VDI
Static Output High
2.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
3.6
0.3
-
V
V
V
V
V
Static Output Low
USB operation Mode
USB operation Mode
Differential Input Sensitivity
Differential Input Command Mode Range
Single Ended Receiver Threshold
0.2
0.8
0.8
VCM
VSE
2.5
2.0
28 •
Product Specification(V1.0) 03.22.2006
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
CIN
Transceiver Capacitance
Output Voltage of Internal Regulator
Pull-high resister
-
-
-
20
pF
V
VRG
3.0
3.6
K
RPH
1.5
(D-)
Programmable Large Current
VOUT = 0.4V,
IOC8[0,1] or IOC8[4,5] = 00
ISink1
ISink2
ISink3
ISink4
P70, P71 Output Sink Current
P70, P71 Output Sink Current
P70, P71 Output Sink Current
P70, P71 Output Sink Current
-30%
-30%
-30%
-30%
3
6
+30% mA
+30% mA
VOUT = 0.4V,
IOC8[0,1] or IOC8[4,5] = 01
VOUT = 0.4V,
IOC8[0,1] or IOC8[4,5] = 10
VOUT = 0.4V,
12 +30% mA
25 +30% mA
IOC8[0,1] or IOC8[4,5] = 11
Product Specification (V1.0) 03.22.2006
• 29
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
10 Application Cricuit
EM78612_CP
USB Application
P60
P61
P62
P63
P70
P72
NA
P64
P65
P66
P67
P71
V3.3 VDD
R1
1.5k
1
J1
2
P51
P50
3
4
USB connector
Note1. IF IOCA = USB mode, MCU D- pin internal
pull-high to V3.3 with 1.5k resistor.
P73
D+/CLK
D-/DATA
VDD
P50
P51
Note2. IF IOCA = USB test mode, it is necessary that
D- pin external pull-high to V3.3 with 1.5k
resistor.
V3.3
VSS
V3.3
OSCI
VDD
C1
10uF
C2
0.1uF
C3
4.7uF
OSCO
PS/2 Application
Y1
J2
VDD
C4
30pF
C5
30pF
5
3
1
6
4
2
6MHz or 12MHz resonator
P50
P51
PS/2 connector
Note :
A. Place C1 and C2 close to MCU VDD pin.
B. Place Y1, C4 and C5 close to MCU OSCI pin.
C. In USB application, it is necessary to place C3 close to MCU V3.3 pin.
D. Port6 and Port7 are 3.3V level I/O.
Note3. IF IOCA = PS/2 mode, MCU CLK and DATA pin
internal pull-high to VDD with 4.7k resistor.
E. Port60 is input only and without internal pull-high and pull-low resistor.
30 •
Product Specification(V1.0) 03.22.2006
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
Appendix
A. Special Register Map
Operation Registers
address
name
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
DC
Bit0
Default value
0B_0000_0000
0B_0000_0000
0B_0000_0000
0B_0001_1xxx
0x00
R0
Indirect Addressing Register
0x01
R1(TCC) Timer/Clock Counter
0x02
R2(PC)
Program Counter
-
0x03 R3(STATUS)
-
PS0
T
P
Z
C
0x04
R4(RSR)
R5(Port5)
R6(Port6)
0B_0xxx_xxxx
-
BK0
Select the register(address: 00~3F) in the indirect addressing mode
P51/D-
/DATA
P50/D+
0x05
0B_0000_0000
-
-
-
-
-
-
/CLK
P60
0x06
0x07
0B_0000_0000
0B_0000_0000
P67
-
P66
-
P65
-
P64
-
P63
P73
P62
P72
P61
P71
R7(Port7)
R8(Port6
P70
0x08 Wake-up Pin
Selection)
0B_1111_1111
/Wu67
/Wu66
/Wu65
/Wu64
/Wu63
/Wu62
/Wu61
/Wu60
R9(Port7
0x09 Wake-up Pin
Selection)
0B_1111_1111
0B_0000_0000
-
-
-
-
/Wu73
Device
/Wu72
Host
/Wu71
UDC
/Wu70
0x0C
RC
EP0_W
EP0_R
EP1_R
0
STALL
Resume _SUSPEND _Writing
0x0D
0x0E
RD
RE
USB Application FIFO Address Register
USB Application FIFO Data Register
0B_0000_0000
0B_0000_0000
USB Host
Resume_
IF
Port5 state
change_IF
USB
USB
0x0F
RF
EP1_IF
0B_0000_0000
-
EP0_IF TCC_IF
Reset_IF Suspend_IF
Control Registers
address
name
CONT
IOC5
Bit7
Bit6
INT
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
Default value
0B_0100_0000
0B_0000_0011
RW_E
TSR2
TSR1
TSR0
PSR2
PSR1
PSR0
0x05
0x06
0x07
Port5 Direction Control Register
Port6 Direction Control Register
Port7 Direction Control Register
IOC6
IOC7
0B_1111_1111
0B_0000_1111
IOC8 (Sink
Current)
0x08
0B_0000_0000
-
-
Sink[71]_1 Sink[71]_0
Sink[70]_1 Sink[70]_0
0x09
0x0A
0x0B
0x0C
0x0D
0x0E
IOC9
IOCA
IOCB
IOCC
IOCD
IOCE
Reserved
0B_1100_0000
0B_0000_0000
0B_0000_0000
0B_0000_0000
0B_1111_0000
Dual_Frq.1 Dual_Frq.0
-
-
-
-
PS/2
/PL61
/PH61
/PH71
0
USB
/PL60
/PH60
/PH70
0
/PL67
/PH67
-
/PL66
/PH66
-
/PL65
/PH65
-
/PL64
/PH64
-
/PL63
/PH63
/PH73
0
/PL62
/PH62
/PH72
0
/Dual clock /WUE
EP1_IE
WTE
RUN
Port5_State_ USB HOST
USB
USB
0x0F
IOCF
0B_0000_0000
0
EP0_IE TCC_IE
Change_IE Resume_IF Reset_IE Suspend_IE
Product Specification (V1.0) 03.22.2006
• 31
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
B. Instruction Set
Each instruction in the instruction set is a 11-bit word divided into an OP code and one
or more operands. All instructions are executed within one single instruction cycle
(consisting of 2 oscillator periods), unless the program counter is changed by-
(a) Executing the instruction "MOV R2,A", "ADD R2,A", "TBL", or any other instructions
that write to R2 (e.g. "SUB R2,A", "BS R2,6", "CLR R2", ⋅⋅⋅⋅).
(b) execute CALL, RET, RETI, RETL, JMP, Conditional skip (JBS, JBC, JZ, JZA, DJZ,
DJZA) which were tested to be true.
Under these cases, the execution takes two instruction cycles.
In addition, the instruction set has the following features:
(1). Every bit of any register can be set, cleared, or tested directly.
(2). The I/O register can be regarded as general register. That is, the same instruction
can operate on I/O register.
The symbol "R" represents a register designator that specifies which one of the registers (including operational
registers and general purpose registers) is to be utilized by the instruction. Bits 6 and 7 in R4 determine the selected
register bank. "b" represents a bit field designator that selects the value for the bit located in the register "R" and
affects operation. "k" represents an 8 or 10-bit constant or literal value.
INSTRUCTION BINARY
0 0000 0000 0000
0 0000 0000 0001
0 0000 0000 0010
0 0000 0000 0011
0 0000 0000 0100
0 0000 0000 rrrr
HEX
0000
0001
0002
0003
0004
000r
0010
0011
0012
MNEMONIC
NOP
OPERATION
No Operation
STATUS AFFECTED
None
C
DAA
Decimal Adjust A
A → CONT
CONTW
SLEP
WDTC
IOW R
ENI
None
0 → WDT, Stop oscillator
0 → WDT
T,P
T,P
A → IOCR
None <Note1>
None
0 0000 0001 0000
0 0000 0001 0001
0 0000 0001 0010
Enable Interrupt
Disable Interrupt
[Top of Stack] → PC
DISI
None
RET
None
[Top of Stack] → PC,
0 0000 0001 0011
0013
RETI
None
Enable Interrupt
0 0000 0001 0100
0 0000 0001 rrrr
0014
001r
CONTR
IOR R
CONT → A
None
IOCR → A
None <Note1>
R2+A → R2,
Bits 8~9 of R2 unchanged
0 0000 0010 0000
0020
TBL
Z,C,DC
0 0000 01rr rrrr
0 0000 1000 0000
0 0000 11rr rrrr
0 0001 00rr rrrr
0 0001 01rr rrrr
0 0001 10rr rrrr
00rr
0080
00rr
01rr
01rr
01rr
MOV R,A
CLRA
A → R
0 → A
None
Z
Z
CLR R
0 → R
SUB A,R
SUB R,A
DECA R
R-A → A
R-A → R
R-1 → A
Z,C,DC
Z,C,DC
Z
32 •
Product Specification(V1.0) 03.22.2006
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
INSTRUCTION BINARY
0 0001 11rr rrrr
0 0010 00rr rrrr
0 0010 01rr rrrr
0 0010 10rr rrrr
0 0010 11rr rrrr
0 0011 00rr rrrr
0 0011 01rr rrrr
0 0011 10rr rrrr
0 0011 11rr rrrr
0 0100 00rr rrrr
0 0100 01rr rrrr
0 0100 10rr rrrr
0 0100 11rr rrrr
0 0101 00rr rrrr
0 0101 01rr rrrr
0 0101 10rr rrrr
0 0101 11rr rrrr
HEX
01rr
02rr
02rr
02rr
02rr
03rr
03rr
03rr
03rr
04rr
04rr
04rr
04rr
05rr
05rr
05rr
05rr
MNEMONIC
DEC R
OPERATION
STATUS AFFECTED
R-1 → R
A ∨ VR → A
A ∨ VR → R
A & R → A
A & R → R
A ⊕ R → A
A ⊕ R → R
A + R → A
A + R → R
R → A
Z
OR A,R
Z
OR R,A
Z
AND A,R
AND R,A
XOR A,R
XOR R,A
ADD A,R
ADD R,A
MOV A,R
MOV R,R
COMA R
COM R
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z,C,DC
Z,C,DC
Z
R → R
Z
Z
/R → A
/R → R
Z
INCA R
R+1 → A
Z
INC R
R+1 → R
Z
DJZA R
DJZ R
R-1 → A, skip if zero
R-1 → R, skip if zero
None
None
R(n) → A(n-1),
R(0) → C, C → A(7)
0 0110 00rr rrrr
0 0110 01rr rrrr
0 0110 10rr rrrr
0 0110 11rr rrrr
0 0111 00rr rrrr
06rr
06rr
06rr
06rr
07rr
RRCA R
RRC R
C
C
R(n) → R(n-1),
R(0) → C, C → R(7)
R(n) → A(n+1),
R(7) → C, C → A(0)
RLCA R
RLC R
C
R(n) → R(n+1),
R(7) → C, C → R(0)
C
R(0-3) → A(4-7),
R(4-7) → A(0-3)
SWAPA R
None
0 0111 01rr rrrr
0 0111 10rr rrrr
0 0111 11rr rrrr
0 100b bbrr rrrr
0 101b bbrr rrrr
0 110b bbrr rrrr
0 111b bbrr rrrr
07rr
07rr
07rr
0xxx
0xxx
0xxx
0xxx
SWAP R
JZA R
R(0-3) ↔ R(4-7)
R+1 → A, skip if zero
R+1 → R, skip if zero
0 → R(b)
None
None
JZ R
None
BC R,b
BS R,b
JBC R,b
JBS R,b
None <Note2>
None
1 → R(b)
if R(b)=0, skip
if R(b)=1, skip
None
None
PC+1 → [SP],
(Page, k) → PC
1 00kk kkkk kkkk
1kkk
CALL k
None
1 01kk kkkk kkkk
1 1000 kkkk kkkk
1 1001 kkkk kkkk
1kkk
18kk
19kk
JMP k
MOV A,k
OR A,k
(Page, k) → PC
k → A
None
None
Z
A ∨ k → A
Product Specification (V1.0) 03.22.2006
• 33
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
INSTRUCTION BINARY
1 1010 kkkk kkkk
1 1011 kkkk kkkk
1 1100 kkkk kkkk
1 1101 kkkk kkkk
1 1111 kkkk kkkk
HEX
1Akk
1Bkk
1Ckk
1Dkk
1Fkk
MNEMONIC
AND A,k
XOR A,k
RETL k
OPERATION
A & k → A
STATUS AFFECTED
Z
A ⊕ k → A
Z
k → A, [Top of Stack] → PC
k-A → A
None
Z,C,DC
Z,C,DC
SUB A,k
ADD A,k
k+A → A
Note
1 This instruction is applicable to IOCx only.
2 This instruction is not recommended for RE, RF operation.
C.Code Option Register
34 •
Product Specification(V1.0) 03.22.2006
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78612
Universal Serial Bus Microcontroller
EM78612 has one CODE option registers, which are not part of the normal program memory.
The option bits cannot be accessed during normal program execution.
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Package_ Package_ OST_1
OST_0 Frequenc
R.S.
1
0
y
Bit 0 (Frequency) : Frequency Selection.
0: The MCU run on 12 MHz
1: The MCU run on 6 MHz
Bit 2~1 (OST_1 ~ OST_0) : Oscillator Start-up Time.
00: 500us
01: 2ms
10: 8ms
11: 16ms
Bit 4~3 (Package_1 ~ Package_0) : Package type selector.
00 : 16 pins
01 : 18 pins
10 : 20 pins
11 : No define
Bit 5 (R.S.) : Resistor Switch. enable of Transceiver.
0: Disconnect internal USB D- pull high Register
1: Connect internal USB D- pull high Resister
Bit 8~6 :The values are fixed.
Product Specification (V1.0) 03.22.2006
• 35
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
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