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Marathon 810
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ATA Interface Drive
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Product Manual
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Marathon 810 (ST9816AG)
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ATA Interface Drive
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Product Manual
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1995 Seagate Technology, Inc. All rights reserved
Publication Number: 36300-101, Rev. A, August 1995
Seagate, Seagate Technology and the Seagate logo are registered
trademarks of Seagate Technology, Inc. SafeRite and Marathon are
trademarks of Seagate Technology, Inc. Other product names are reg-
istered trademarks or trademarks of their owners.
Seagate reserves the right to change, without notice, product offerings
or specifications. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any
form without written permission from Seagate Technology, Inc.
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
iii
Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Specification summary table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.0 Drive specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1 Formatted capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1.1 Default logical geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1.2 Supported translation geometries . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2 Physical organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.3 Recording and interface technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.4 Physical dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.5 Seek time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.6 Startup times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.7 Power specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.7.1 Power consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.7.2 Power recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.7.3 Conducted noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.7.4 Voltage tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.7.5 Power-management modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.8 Environmental tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.8.1 Ambient temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.8.2 Temperature gradient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.8.3 Relative humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.8.4 Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.8.5 Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.8.6 Vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.9 Drive acoustics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.10 Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.11 Agency certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.11.1 Safety certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
iv
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
1.11.2 FCC verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.0 Drive mounting and configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.1 Handling and static-discharge precautions . . . . . . . . . 15
2.2 Jumper settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.2.1 Master/slave configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.3 Remote LED configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.4 Drive mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.5 ATA interface connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.0 ATA interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.1 ATA interface signals and connector pins . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.1.1 AT bus signal levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.2 ATA Interface commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.2.1 Supported ATA commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.2.2 Identify Drive command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.2.3 Set Features command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Appendix. Compatibility notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
v
Figures
Figure 1. Typical startup and operation current profile for
the ST9816AG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 2. Connector and master/slave jumper setup for
the ST9816AG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 3. Mounting dimensions for the ST9816AG . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 4. ATA Interface connector dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Figure 5. I/O pins and associated ATA signals supported by
the ST9816AG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
1
Introduction
The Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) provides high storage capacity in a
small, low-profile hard disc drive.
Key features:
• SafeRite shock protection
• Low power consumption
• Compact, MCC-compatible form-factor
• Quiet operation
• Advanced partial-response, maximum-likelihood (PRML) read channel
• Supports logical block addressing
• Supports PIO modes 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, and DMA modes 0, 1 and 2.
• High instantaneous data-transfer rates (up to 16.6 Mbytes per second
using PIO mode 4 and DMA mode 2).
• Fast microprocessor for lower command overhead
• 120-Kbyte multisegmented adaptive cache
• Advanced caching and on-the-fly error-correction algorithms
• Supports Read Multiple and Write Multiple commands
• Supports autodetection of master/slave drives using cable select and
DASP– signals.
2
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
Specification summary table
The specifications listed in this table are for quick reference. For details
on specification measurement or definition, see the appropriate section
of this manual.
Drive Specification
ST9816AG
Guaranteed Capacity (×106 bytes)
Guaranteed sectors
810
1,583,568
512
Bytes per sector
Default sectors per track
Default Read/Write heads
Default cylinders
63
16
1,571
8
Physical read/write heads
Discs
4
Recording density (bits/inch)
Track density (tracks/inch)
Areal density (Mbits/inch2)
Spindle speed (RPM)
90,000
3,807
342
4,500
44
Internal data-transfer rate (Mbits/sec, max)
I/O data-transfer rate (Mbytes/sec, max)
ATA data-transfer modes supported
16.6
PIO modes 0, 1, 2, 3, 4;
Multiword DMA modes 0, 1, 2
Cache buffer (Kbytes)
120
0.754
Height (inches, max)
Width (inches, max)
2.76
Depth (inches, max, excluding I/O pins)
Weight (ounces, typical)
4.010
7.4
Track-to-track seek time (msec, typical)
Average seek time (msec, typical)
Full-stroke seek time (msec, max)
6 (read), 7 (write)
16 (read), 20 (write)
26 (read), 28 (write)
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
3
Drive Specification
ST9816AG
Average latency (msec)
6.67
7
Power-on to ready (seconds, typical)
Standby to ready (seconds, typical)
Spinup power and current (typical)
Seek power and current (typical)
Read/Write power and current (typical)
Idle mode power and current (typical)
Standby mode power and current (typical)
Sleep mode power and current (typical)
Voltage tolerance (including noise)
Ambient temperature (°C)
3
3.50 watts, 0.700 amps
2.10 watts, 0.420 amps
2.10 watts, 0.420 amps
1.30 watts, 0.260 amps
0.40 watts, 0.080 amps
0.30 watts, 0.060 amps
+5 volts +5% –10%
5 to 55 (op.), –40 to 70 (nonop.)
30
Temperature gradient (°C per hour, max)
Relative humidity
8%–80% (10%/hr max grad.)
29 (op.), 40 (nonop.)
Wet bulb temperature (°C, max)
Altitude (meters above mean sea level, max)
–300 to 3,040 (op.),
–300 to 12,190 (nonop.)
Shock, operating (Gs, max at 2 or 11 msec)
Shock, nonoperating (Gs, max)
Vibration (Gs max at 22–450 Hz)
Drive Acoustics, Idle mode (dBA)
Drive Acoustics, seeking (dBA)
Nonrecoverable read errors
100
250 (2 msec), 150 (11 msec)
0.50 (op.) 4.0 (nonop.)
26 (typical), 30 (max)
29 (typical), 33 (max)
1 per 1013 bits read
300,000
Mean time between failures (power-on hours)
Contact start-stop cycles
50,000
Service life (years)
5
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
5
1.0 Drive specifications
Unless otherwise noted, all specifications are measured under ambient
conditions, at 25°C, at sea level, and nominal power.
1.1 Formatted capacity
ST9816AG
Guaranteed Mbytes
(1 Mbyte = 106 bytes)
810.7
Guaranteed sectors
Bytes per sector
1,583,568
512
1.1.1 Default logical geometry
ST9816AG
Sectors per track
Read/Write heads
Cylinders
63
16
1,571
1.1.2 Supported translation geometries
The ST9816AG supports all head, cylinder and sector geometries,
subject to the maximums specified below and to the following condition:
(sectors) × (heads) × (cylinders) ≤ total sectors per drive
ST9816AG
Sectors per track (max)
Read/Write heads (max)
Cylinders (max)
63
16
1,571
1.2 Physical organization
ST9816AG
Read/Write heads
Discs
8
4
6
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
1.3 Recording and interface technology
Interface
ATA
Recording method
Recording density (bits/inch)
RLL (1,7)
90,000
Flux density (flux change/inch) 67,500
Track density (tracks/inch)
Areal density (Mbits/inch2)
3,807
342
Spindle speed (RPM)
4,500
( ± 0.5%)
Internal data-transfer rate
(Mbits per sec max—ZBR)
44
I/O data-transfer rate
(Mbytes per sec max)
16.6 (PIO mode 4 with IORDY)
16.6 (multiword DMA mode 2)
Interleave
1:1
Cache buffer (Kbytes)
120
1.4 Physical dimensions
Height (max) inches
(mm)
0.754
(19.15)
Width (max) inches
(mm)
2.76
(70.10)
Depth (max) inches
(mm)
4.010
(101.85)
Weight (typical) ounces
(kg)
7.4
(0.21)
Note. Maximum depth excludes I/O connector pins, which may extend
up to 0.010 inches beyond the edge of the head/disc assembly.
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
7
1.5 Seek time
All seek times are measured using a 25 MHz 486 AT computer (or faster)
with a8.3 MHz I/O bus. Themeasurements are taken with nominalpower
at sea level and 25°C ambient temperature. The specifications in the
table below are defined as follows:
• Track-to-track seek time is an average of all possible single-track
seeks in both directions.
• Average seek timeis atruestatisticalrandom averageof at least 5,000
measurements of seeks between random tracks, less overhead.
• Full-stroke seek time is one-half the time needed to seek from the first
data cylinder to the maximum data cylinder and back to the first data
cylinder. The full-stroke typical value is determined by averaging 100
full-stroke seeks in both directions.
Seek type
Typical read
(msec)
Typical write
(msec)
Track-to-track
Average
6
7
16
26
20
28
Full-stroke
Average latency: 6.67 msec
1.6 Startup times
Power-on to Ready (sec)
7 (typical)
Standby to Ready (sec)
3 (typical), 10 (max.)
Note. The drive responds to nonmedia commands within 2 seconds
(max) of power-up, and responds to media commands within 12
seconds (max) of power-up.
1.7 Power specifications
The drive receives DC power (+5V) through pin 41 and pin 42 of the ATA
interface connector.
1.7.1 Power consumption
Power requirements for the drive are listed in the table below. Typical power
measurements are based on an average of drives tested under nominal
conditions, using 5.0V input voltage at 25°C ambient temperature at sea
8
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
level. Active mode current and power are measured with a 32-msec delay
between each operation and the drive in default logical geometry.
Seeking power and currents are measured during one-third-stroke buff-
ered seeks. Read/Write power and current are measured with the heads
on track, based on a 16-sector write followed by a 32-msec delay, then
a 16-sector read followed by a 32-msec delay. Spinup power is measured
from time of power-on to time of drive-ready for normal operation.
Typical watts RMS Typical amps RMS
Mode
Spinup
Active
(at nominal voltage) (at nominal voltage)
3.50
0.700
Seeking
Read/Write
2.10
2.10
0.420
0.420
Idle
1.30
0.40
0.30
0.260
0.080
0.060
Standby
Sleep
1.7.1.1 Typical current profile
Figure 1 shows a typical current profile for the ST9816AG.
Current (Amps)
1.6
Spinup
1.4
Drive ready
1.2
1.0
Upload code
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
Standby
mode
Sleep
mode
Idle
mode
Active
mode
0
1
2
3
4
5
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Time (seconds)
Figure 1. Typical startup and operation current profile for the ST9816AG
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
9
1.7.2 Power recovery
Except during execution of a write command, the drive’s power can be
interrupted without adversely affecting the drive or previously written
data. If power is removed while the drive is performing a write operation,
the integrity of the data being written cannot be guaranteed.
1.7.3 Conducted noise
The drive is expected to operate with a maximum of:
• 150 mV peak-to-peak triangular-wave injected noise at the power
connector. Thefrequency is10 Hz to 100KHzwith equivalent resistive
loads.
• 100 mV peak-to-peak triangular-wave injected noise at the power
connector. The frequency is 100 KHz to 10 MHz with equivalent
resistive loads.
Note. Equivalent resistance (11.9 ohms) is calculated by dividing the
nominal voltage (5.0V) by the typical RMS read/write current
(0.420 amps).
1.7.4 Voltage tolerance
Voltage tolerance (including noise): +5 volts + 5% – 10%
1.7.5 Power-management modes
Power management is required for low-power and portable computer
systems. In most systems, you can control power management through
the system setup program. This Seagate® drive features several power-
management modes, which are described briefly below:
Active mode. The drive is in Active mode during the read/write and seek
operations.
Idle mode. At power-on, the drive sets the idle timer to enter Idle mode
after 5 seconds of inactivity. You can set the idle timer delay using the
system setup utility. In Idle mode, the spindle remains up to speed. The
heads are parked away from the data zones for maximum data safety.
The buffer remains enabled, and the drive accepts all commands and
returns to Active mode any time disc access is necessary.
Standby mode. The drive enters Standby mode when the host sends a
Standby Immediate command. If the standby timer has been set by the host
system, the drive can also enter Standby mode automatically after the drive
has been inactive for a specifiable length of time. The standby timer delay
10
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
is system-dependent and is usually established using the system setup
utility. In Standby mode, the buffer remains enabled, the heads are
parked and the spindle is at rest. The drive accepts all commands and
returns to Active mode any time disc access is necessary.
Sleep mode. The drive enters Sleep mode after receiving a Sleep
Immediate command from the host. The heads are parked and the
spindle is at rest. The drive leaves Sleep mode when a Hard Reset or
Soft Reset command is received from the host. After receiving a soft
reset, the drive exits Sleep mode and enters Standby mode with all
current emulation and translation parameters intact.
Idle and standby timers. The drive sets the default time delay for the idle
timer at power-on. In most systems, you can set this delay using the system
setup utility. Each time the drive performs an Active function (read, write or
seek), the idle and standby timers are reinitialized and begin counting down
from their specified delay times to zero. If the idle timer reaches zero before
any drive activity is required, the drive enters Idle mode. If the host has set
the standby timer, the standby countdown continues. If the host has not set
the standby timer, the drive remains in Idle mode. If the standby timer
reaches zero before any drive activity is required, the drive enters Standby
mode. In both Idle and Standby mode, the drive accepts all commands and
returns to Active mode when disc access is necessary.
1.8 Environmental tolerances
1.8.1 Ambient temperature
Operating
5° to 55°C (41° to 131°F)
Nonoperating
–40° to 70°C (–40° to 158°F)
1.8.2 Temperature gradient
Operating
30°C / hr (54°F / hr) max, without condensation
Nonoperating
30°C / hr (54°F / hr) max, without condensation
1.8.3 Relative humidity
Operating
8% to 80% noncondensing (10% per hour max)
Max. wet bulb temperature: 29.4°C (85°F)
Nonoperating
8% to 80% noncondensing (10% per hour max)
Max. wet bulb temperature: 40°C (104°F)
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
11
1.8.4 Altitude
Operating
–300 m to 3,040 m (–1,000 ft to 10,000 ft)
–300 m to 12,190 m (–1,000 ft to 40,000 ft)
Nonoperating
1.8.5 Shock
All shock specifications assume that the drive is mounted in an approved
orientation with the input levels at the drive mounting screws. The
nonoperating specifications assume that the read/write heads are posi-
tioned in the shipping zone.
Note. At power-down, the read/write heads automatically move to the
shipping zone. The head and slider assembly park inside of the
maximum data cylinder. When power is applied, the heads re-
calibrate to Track 0.
1.8.5.1 Operating shock
This drive incorporates SafeRite shock protection and can withstand a
maximum operating shock of 100 Gs without nonrecoverable data errors
(based on half-sine shock pulses of 2 or 11 msec).
1.8.5.2 Nonoperating shock
The nonoperating shock level that the drive can experience with com-
plete data recovery is 250 Gs (based on half-sine shock pulses of 2 msec
duration) or 150 Gs (based on half-sine shock pulses of 11 msec
duration). Shock pulses are defined by MIL-STD-202 F with the ampli-
tude tolerance controlled to ± 5%.
1.8.6 Vibration
All vibration specifications assume that the drive is mounted in an
approved orientation with the input levels at the drive mounting screws.
The nonoperating specifications assume that the read/write heads are
positioned in the shipping zone.
1.8.6.1 Operating vibration
The following table lists the maximum vibration levels that the drive may
experience without incurring physical damage or degradation in performance.
5–450 Hz
450–5 Hz
0.50 Gs acceleration (peak)
0.50 Gs acceleration (peak)
12
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
1.8.6.2 Nonoperating vibration
The following table lists the maximum nonoperating vibration that the
drive may experience without incurring physical damage or degradation
in performance when put into operation.
5–22 Hz
0.162-inch displacement (double amplitude)
4 Gs acceleration (peak)
22–450 Hz
450–22 Hz
22–5 Hz
4 Gs acceleration (peak)
0.162-inch displacement (double amplitude)
1.9 Drive acoustics
Drive acoustics are measured as sound pressure 1 meter from the drive.
Mode
Typical
26
Maximum
Idle mode (dBA)
Seek (dBA)
30
33
29
1.10 Reliability
Nonrecoverable read errors
1 per 1013 bits read
Mean time between failures
300,000 power-on hours
(nominal power, at sea level,
25°C ambient temperature)
Contact start-stop cycles
50,000 cycles
(at nominal voltage and temperature,
with 60 cycles per hour and a 50%
duty cycle)
Preventive maintenance
Service life
None required
5 years
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
13
1.11 Agency certification
1.11.1 Safety certification
The ST9816AG is listed in accordance with UL 1950 and CSA C22.2
(950-M89) and meets all applicable sections of IEC 380, IEC 435,
IEC 950, VDE 0806/08.81 and EN 60950 as tested by TUV-Rheinland,
North America.
1.11.2 FCC verification
The ST9816AG is intended to be contained solely within a personal
computer or similar enclosure (not attached to an external device). As
such, each drive is considered to be a subassembly even when it is
individually marketed to the customer. As a subassembly, no Federal
Communications Commission authorization, verification or certification
of the device is required.
Seagate Technology, Inc. has tested this device in enclosures as de-
scribed above to ensure that the total assembly (enclosure, disc drive,
motherboard, power supply, etc.) does comply with the limits for a Class
B computing device, pursuant to Subpart J of Part 15 of the FCC rules.
Operation with noncertified assemblies is likely to result in interference
with radio and television reception.
Radio and television interference. This equipment generates and
uses radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in strict
accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, may cause interfer-
ence to radio and television reception.
This equipment is designed to provide reasonable protection against
such interference in a residential installation. However, there is no
guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If
this equipment does cause interference to radio or television, which
can be determined by turning the equipment on and off, you are
encouraged to try one or more of the following corrective measures:
• Reorient the receiving antenna.
• Move the device to one side or the other of the radio or TV.
• Move the device farther away from the radio or TV.
• Plug the computer into a different outlet so that the receiver and
computer are on different branch outlets.
If necessary you should consult your dealer or an experienced ra-
dio/television technician for additional suggestions. You may find
helpful the following booklet prepared by the Federal Communications
14
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
Commission:How to Identify and Resolve Radio-Television Interference
Problems. This booklet is available from the Superintendent of Docu-
ments, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Refer
to publication number 004-000-00345-4.
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
15
2.0 Drive mounting and configuration
2.1 Handling and static-discharge precautions
After unpacking, and before installation, the drive may be exposed to
potential handling and ESD hazards. It is mandatory that you observe
standard static-discharge precautions. A grounded wrist-strap is pre-
ferred.
Handle the drive only by the sides of the head/disc assembly. Avoid
contact with the printed circuit board, all electronic components and the
interface connector. Do not apply pressure to the top cover. Always rest
the drive on a padded antistatic surface until you mount it in the host
system.
2.2 Jumper settings
2.2.1 Master/slave configuration
You must establish a master/slave relationship between two drives attached
to a single AT bus. You can configure a drive to become a master or slave
by setting the master/slave jumpers, as described below and shown in
Figure 2 on page 16.
Alternatively, you can configure the drive as a master or slave using the
cable select option. This requires a specialized daisy-chain cable that
grounds pin 28 (CSEL) on one of its two drive connectors. If you attach
the drive to the grounded CSEL connector, it becomes a master. If you
attach the drive to the ungrounded CSEL connector, it becomes a slave.
To use this option, the host system and both drives must support cable
select and both drives must be configured for cable select. To configure
an ST9816AG for cable select, install both master/slave jumpers.
For the host to recognize the slave drive using the DASP– signal, the
slave drive must assert the DASP– signal at power up, and the master
drive must monitor DASP– at power up.
16
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
Note. Drive is shown with
circuit board up.
Master/slave
configuration jumpers
Pin 1
Pin 20 removed for keying
Circuit board
B
A
D
C
Drive is master; slave may be detected using DASP– signal
Drive is master; Seagate slave drive present
Drive is slave; Seagate master drive present
Use CSEL pin grounding to differentiate master from slave
Figure 2. Connector and master/slave jumper setup for the ST9816AG
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
17
Jumper Jumper
for pins for pins
A and B C and D Configuration
Removed Removed Drive is master; slave drive may be detected
using DASP– signal. CSEL is ignored.
Removed Installed Drive is master; slave drive is present. CSEL
is ignored. DASP– is ignored.
Installed Removed Drive is slave (a master drive should be
present also). CSEL is ignored.
Installed Installed Differentiate master and slave drives using cable
select: If a drive is attached to a connector in which
pin 28 is grounded, then it becomes a master. If a
drive is attached to a connector in which pin 28 is
ungrounded, then it becomes a slave.
2.3 Remote LED configuration
The drive indicates activity to the host through the DASP– line (pin 39) on
the ATA interface. This line may be connected to a drive status indicator
driving an LED at 5V. The line has a 30 mA nominal current limit. To avoid
potential damage to the drive, the host should include a resistor in line with
the LED for current limiting. This resistor should have a minimum resistance
of 470 ohms (1,000 to 3,000 ohms is recommended).
2.4 Drive mounting
You can mount the drive in any orientation. Allow a minimum clearance
of 0.030 inches (0.76 mm) around the entire perimeter of the drive for
cooling. The drive conforms to the industry-standard MCC direct-mount-
ing specifications and requires MCC-compatible connectors for direct-
mounting applications. See Figure 3 on page 18 for drive mounting
dimensions.
Note. The I/O connector pins may extend up to 0.010 inches beyond
the edge of the head/disc assembly.
Caution. To avoid damaging the drive:
• Use M3X0.5 metric mounting screws only.
• Do not insert mounting screws more than 0.150 inches (3.81 mm) into
the mounting holes.
• Do not overtighten the screws (maximum torque: 3 inch-lb).
18
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
Dimensions are in inches (mm)
0.747 ± 0.007 (18.97 ± 0.18)
4.010 (101.85) max.
(head/disc assembly)
0.118 ± 0.010
(3.00 ± 0.25)
0.000
0.152 ± 0.005
(3.86 ± 0.13)
4X 3 mm × 0.5 mm
× 0.15 in. (3.81 mm) deep
min. full thread
1.227 ± 0.020
(2 each side)
(31.17 ± 0.51)
4.020 (102.11) max
(head/disc assembly
to tip of pins)
1.375 ± 0.015
(34.93 ± 0.38)
1.500 ± 0.010
(38.10 ± 0.25)
0.000
0.155 ± 0.020
(3.94 ± 0.51)
0.000
0.239 ± 0.035
(6.07 ± 0.89)
2.760 (70.10) max
2.430 ± 0.010
(61.72 ± 0.25)
4X 3 mm × 0.5 mm
× 0.15 in. (3.81 mm) deep
min. full thread
Pin 20 removed
for keying
Pin 1
0.157 ± 0.015
(3.99 ± 0.38)
0.079 (2.00)
0.079 (2.00)
1.659 (42.14)
Figure 3. Mounting dimensions for the ST9816AG
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
19
2.5 ATA interface connector
The drive connector is a 44-conductor connector with 2 rows of 22 male
pins on 0.079-inch (2-mm) centers (see Figures 4 and 5). The mating
cable connector is a 44-conductor, nonshielded connector with 2 rows
of 22 female contacts on 0.079-inch (2-mm) centers. The connectors
should provide strain relief and should be keyed with a plug in place of
pin 20.
These drives are designed to support the industry-standard MCC direct-
mounting specifications. When installing these drives in fixed mounting
applications, use only MCC-compatible connectors such as Molex part
number 87368-442x. For applications involving flexible cables or printed
circuit cables (PCCs), use Molex part number 87259-4413 or equivalent
to connect the drive to the system. Select a connector that provides
adequate clearance for the master/slave configuration jumpers if the
application requires the use of such jumpers. The ATA interface cable
should be no more than 18 inches long.
Note. The I/O connector pins may extend up to 0.010 inches beyond
the edge of the head/disc assembly.
Dimensions are in inches (mm)
0.152 ± 0.005
Master/slave jumpers
(3.71 ± 0.20)
0.079 ± 0.003
(2.00 ± 0.08)
0.020 ± 0.002
(0.51 ± 0.05)
0.020 ± 0.002
(0.51 ± 0.05)
0.079 ± 0.003 (2.00 ± 0.08)
0.158 ± 0.003 (4.00 ± 0.08)
1.654 (42.01)
Figure 4. ATA Interface connector dimensions (for reference only)
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
21
3.0 ATA interface
The ST9816AG uses the industry-standard ATA interface. It supports
both 8-bit and 16-bit data transfers. It supports ATA programmed in-
put/output (PIO) modes 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, ATA single-word DMA modes
0, 1 and 2, and ATA multiword DMA modes 0, 1 and 2. The drive also
supports the use of the IORDY signal to provide reliable high-speed data
transfers.
The drive can differentiate between a hard reset and a soft reset while
in Sleep mode. You can use a daisy-chain cable to connect two drives
to a single AT host bus. For detailed information regarding the ATA
interface, refer to the Proposed Working Draft of the ATA-2 Draft Pro-
posed American National Standard, document X3T9.2/948D (sub-
sequently referred to as the Draft Proposed ATA-2 Standard).
3.1 ATA interface signals and connector pins
Figure 5 on page 22 summarizes the signals on the ATA interface
connector that are supported by the ST9816AG. For a detailed descrip-
tion of these signals, refer to the Draft Proposed ATA-2 Standard.
3.1.1 AT bus signal levels
Signals that the drive sends have the following output characteristics at
the drive connector:
Logic Low
Logic High
0.0V to 0.4V
2.5V to 5.25V
Signals that the drive receives must have the following input charac-
teristics, measured at the drive connector:
Logic Low
Logic High
0.0V to 0.8V
2.0V to 5.25V
22
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
Drive pin #
Host pin # and signal description
Signal name
–
1
2
Reset
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Host Reset
Ground
DD7
Ground
3
Host Data Bus Bit 7
Host Data Bus Bit 8
Host Data Bus Bit 6
Host Data Bus Bit 9
Host Data Bus Bit 5
Host Data Bus Bit 10
Host Data Bus Bit 4
4
DD8
5
DD6
6
DD9
7
DD5
8
DD10
DD4
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
DD11
DD3
10 Host Data Bus Bit 11
11 Host Data Bus Bit 3
12 Host Data Bus Bit 12
13 Host Data Bus Bit 2
14 Host Data Bus Bit 13
15 Host Data Bus Bit 1
16 Host Data Bus Bit 14
17 Host Data Bus Bit 0
18 Host Data Bus Bit 15
19 Ground
DD12
DD2
DD13
DD1
DD14
DD0
DD15
Ground
(removed)
DMARQ
Ground
(No Pin)
20
21 DMA Request
22 Ground
–
DIOW
Ground
23 Host I/O Write
24 Ground
–
DIOR
25 Host I/O Read
Ground
IORDY
CSEL
26 Ground
27 I/O Channel Ready
28 Cable Select pin
29 DMA Acknowledge
30 Ground
–
DMACK
Ground
INTRQ
31 Host Interrupt Request
32 Host 16 Bit I/O
33 Host Address Bus Bit 1
34 Passed Diagnostics
35 Host Address Bus Bit 0
36 Host Address Bus Bit 2
37 Host Chip Select 0
38 Host Chip Select 1
39 Drive Active / Slave Present
40 Ground
41 +5 volts DC (logic)
42 +5 volts DC (motor)
43 Ground for power pins
44 Reserved
–
IOCS16
DA1
–
PDIAG
DA0
DA2
–
–
CS1FX
CS3FX
–
DASP
Ground
Power
Power
Ground
Reserved
Pins 28, 34 and 39 are used for master-slave communication (details shown below).
Drive 1 (slave)
Drive 0 (master)
Host
28
34
39
28
34
39
CSEL
28
34
39
–
PDIAG
DASP–
Figure 5. I/O pins and associated ATA signals supported by the
ST9816AG
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
23
3.2 ATA Interface commands
3.2.1 Supported ATA commands
The following table lists ATA-standard and Seagate-specific drive com-
mands that the ST9816AG supports. For a detailed description of the
ATA commands, refer to the Draft Proposed ATA-2 Standard.
Command
code
Supported by
ST9816AG
Command name
ATA-standard commands
Execute Drive Diagnostics
90H
50H
ECH
91H
00H
E4H
C8H
C9H
22H
23H
C4H
20H
21H
40H
41H
1xH
7xH
EFH
C6H
E8H
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Format Track
Identify Drive
Initialize Drive Parameters
NOP
Read Buffer
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Read DMA (w/retry)
Read DMA (no retry)
Read Long (w/retry)
Read Long (no retry)
Read Multiple
Read Sectors (w/retry)
Read Sectors (no retry)
Read Verify Sectors (w/retry)
Read Verify Sectors (no retry)
Recalibrate
Seek
Set Features
Set Multiple Mode
Write Buffer
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Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
Command
code
Supported by
ST9816AG
Command name
Write DMA (w/retry)
Write DMA (no retry)
Write Long (w/retry)
Write Long (no retry)
Write Multiple
CAH
CBH
32H
33H
C5H
E9H
30H
31H
3CH
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Write Same
Write Sectors (w/retry)
Write Sectors (no retry)
Write Verify
Yes
Yes
No
ATA-standard power-management commands
Check Power Mode
Idle
98H or E5H
97H or E3H
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Idle Immediate
Sleep
95H or E1H
99H or E6H
Standby
96H or E2H
Standby Immediate
94H or E0H
Seagate-specific commands
Active and Set Idle timer
Active Immediate
FBH
F9H
FDH
F8H
FAH
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Check Idle Mode
Idle Immediate
Idle and Set Idle timer
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
25
The following commands contain drive-specific features or are not de-
scribed in the Draft Proposed ATA-2 Standard.
3.2.2 Identify Drive command
The Identify Drive command (command code ECH) transfers information
about the drive to the host after power up. The data is organized as a
single 512-byte block of data, whose contents are shown in the table
below. All reserved bits or words should be set to zero. Parameters listed
with an “x” are drive-specific or vary with the state of the drive. See
Section 1ofthis manual fordefault parametersettingsforthe ST9816AG.
Word
Description
Configuration information:
ST9816AG
• Bit 10: disc transfer > 10 Mbits/sec
• Bit 6: fixed drive
0
045AH
• Bit 4: head switch time > 15 µsec
• Bit 3: not MFM encoded
• Bit 1: hard-sectored disc
Number of fixed cylinders
(default logical emulation): 1,571
1
0623H
2
3
4
5
ATA reserved
0000H
0010H
Number of heads (default logical emulation): 16
Number of unformatted bytes per track (36,240) 8D90H
Number of unformatted bytes per sector (584)
248H
003FH
0000H
ASCII
Number of sectors per track
(default logical emulation): 63
6
7–9 ATA reserved
Serial Number:
10–19
(20 ASCII characters, 0000H = none)
Controller type (dual-port multisector buffer
with caching)
20
0003H
21
22
Buffer size (240 sectors of 512 bytes each)
Number of ECC bytes available (16)
00F0H
0010H
Firmware revision (8 ASCII character string):
23–26 xx = ROM version, ss = RAM version, tt = RAM
version
xx.ss.tt
26
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
Word
Description
ST9816AG
Drive model number: (40 ASCII characters,
padded with blanks to end of string)
27–46
ST9816AG
0010H
Maximum sectors per interrupt on read/write
multiple
47
48
Double word I/O (not supported)
0000H
Standby timer (ATA compliant), IORDY
(supported/can be disabled), LBA mode
(supported), DMA mode (supported)
49
2F00H
50
51
52
ATA reserved
0000H
0200H
0000H
PIO data-transfer cycle timing mode
DMA transfer cycle timing mode (not used)
Validity of words 54–58 and words 64–70
(words may be valid)
53
54
55
0003H
xxxxH
xxxxH
Number of cylinders (current emulation mode)
Number of heads
(current emulation mode)
Number of sectors per track
(current emulation mode)
56
xxxxH
xxxxH
57–58 Number of sectors (current emulation mode)
Number of sectors transferred during a Read
Multiple or Write Multiple command
59
01xxH
60–61 LBA sectors available (1,583,648)
182A20H
0x07H
Single-word DMA active/DMA modes supported
62
(see Note following table)
Multiword DMA active/DMA modes supported
(see Note following table)
63
0x07H
0003H
0078H
00B4H
Advanced PIO modes supported (modes 3 and
4 supported)
64
Minimum multiword DMA transfer cycle time
per word (120 nsec)
65
Recommended multiword DMA transfer cycle
time per word (180 nsec)
66
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
27
Word
Description
ST9816AG
Minimum PIO cycle time without IORDY flow
control (363 nsec)
67
016BH
Minimum PIO cycle time with IORDY flow
control (120 nsec)
68
0078H
69–127 ATA reserved
128–159 Seagate reserved
160–255 ATA reserved
0000H
xxxxH
0000H
Note. DMA mode settings in the Identify Drive command are reflected
in the bit settings for words 62 and 63, as shown below.
Word
62
Bit Description (if bit is set to 1)
0
Single-word DMA mode 0 available
Single-word DMA mode 1 available
Single-word DMA mode 2 available
Single-word DMA mode 0 currently active
Single-word DMA mode 1 currently active
Single-word DMA mode 2 currently active
62
1
62
2
62
8
62
9
62
10
63
63
63
63
63
63
0
Multiword DMA mode 0 available
Multiword DMA mode 1 available
Multiword DMA mode 2 available
Multiword DMA mode 0 currently active
Multiword DMA mode 1 currently active
Multiword DMA mode 2 currently active
1
2
8
9
10
28
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
3.2.3 Set Features command
This command controls the implementation of various features that the
drive supports. When the drive receives this command, it sets BSY,
checks the contents of the Features register, clears BSY and generates
an interrupt. If the value in the register does not represent a feature that
the drive supports, the command is aborted. Power-on default has the
read look-ahead and write caching features enabled and 4 bytes of ECC.
The acceptable values for the Features register are defined as follows:
00H Set PIO mode to default (PIO mode 2) and enable IORDY
01H Set PIO mode to default (PIO mode 2) and disable IORDY
02H Enable write cache (default)
03H Set transfer mode (based on value in Sector Count register)
Sector Count register values:
00H Set PIO mode to default (PIO mode 2)
08H PIO mode 0
09H PIO mode 1
0AH PIO mode 2 (default)
0BH PIO mode 3
0CH PIO mode 4
10H Single-word DMA mode 0
11H Single-word DMA mode 1
12H Single-word DMA mode 2
20H Multiword DMA mode 0
21H Multiword DMA mode 1
22H Multiword DMA mode 2
44H Sixteen bytes of ECC apply on Read Long and Write Long
commands
55H Disable read look-ahead (read cache) feature
66H Disable reverting to power-on defaults
82H Disable write cache
AAH Enable read look-ahead (read cache) feature (default)
BBH 4 bytes of ECC apply on Read Long and Write Long
commands (default)
CCH Enable reverting to power-on defaults (default)
Note. At power-on, or after a hardware reset, the default values of the
features are as indicated above. A software reset also changes
the features to default values unless a 66H command has been
received.
Marathon 810 (ST9816AG) Product Manual, August 1995
29
Appendix. Compatibility notes
ECC testing
When an ST9816AG performs hardware-based ECC error correction
on-the-fly, the drive does not report an ECC error. This allows ECC
correction without degrading drive performance. Some older drive diag-
nostic programs test ECC features by creating small data errors and then
checking to see if they are reported. These tests, when run on an
ST9816AG, may incorrectly report an ECC detection failure because the
drive hardware corrects the data automatically, avoiding the error rather
than reporting it. This type of report does not indicate a drive malfunction.
Seagate Technology, Inc.
920 Disc Drive, Scotts Valley, California 95066, USA
Publication Number: 36300-101, August 1995, Printed in USA
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