Casio FX 100MS User Manual

fx-100MS  
fx-115MS  
(fx-912MS)  
User’s Guide 2  
(Additional Functions)  
kfx-912MS owners  
Please be sure to read the important notice of this manual.  
E
Contents  
Before getting started............................. 2  
kModes .................................................................... 2  
Mathematical Expression Calculations  
and Editing Functions ............................ 3  
kReplay Copy ........................................................... 3  
kCALC Memory ....................................................... 4  
kSOLVE Function .................................................... 4  
Scientific Function Calculations............ 5  
kInputting Engineering Symbols .............................. 5  
Complex Number Calculations .............. 7  
kAbsolute Value and Argument Calculation............. 8  
kRectangular Form Polar Form Display .............. 8  
kConjugate of a Complex Number .......................... 9  
Base-n Calculations ................................ 9  
Statistical Calculations......................... 11  
Normal Distribution .................................................. 11  
Differential Calculations ....................... 12  
Integration Calculations ....................... 13  
Power Supply......................................... 14  
Specifications........................................ 16  
See the “fx-95MS/fx-100MS/fx-115MS/fx-570MS/fx-  
991MS User’s Guide” for details about the following items.  
Removing and Replacing the Calculator’s Cover/  
Safety Precautions/ Handling Precautions/  
Two-line Display/  
Before getting started... (except for “Modes”)/  
Basic Calculations/ Memory Calculations/  
Scientific Function Calculations/ Equation Calculations/  
Statistical Calculations/ Technical Information  
E-1  
Before getting started...  
k Modes  
Before starting a calculation, you must first enter the correct  
mode as indicated in the table below.  
• The following table shows the modes and required  
operations for the fx-100MS and fx-115MS.  
fx-100MS and fx-115MS Modes  
To perform this type of  
Perform this  
To enter  
calculation:  
key operation:  
this mode:  
Basic arithmetic  
calculations  
Complex number  
calculations  
F 1  
F 2  
COMP  
CMPLX  
Standard deviation  
SD  
F F 1  
F F 2  
F F 3  
F F F 1  
Regression calculations  
Base-n calculations  
Solution of equations  
REG  
BASE  
EQN  
• Pressing the  
key more than three times displays  
F
additional setup screens. Setup screens are described  
where they are actually used to change the calculator  
setup.  
• In this manual, the name of the mode you need to enter  
in order to perform the calculations being described is  
indicated in the main title of each section.  
Example:  
Complex Number  
Calculations  
CMPLX  
Note!  
To return the calculation mode and setup to the initial  
defaults shown below, press A B 2(Mode) =.  
Calculation Mode:  
Angle Unit:  
COMP  
Deg  
Exponential Display Format:  
Norm 1, Eng OFF  
Complex Number Display Format: a+bi  
Fraction Display Format:  
Decimal Point Character:  
ab/c  
Dot  
E-2  
• Mode indicators appear in the upper part of the display,  
except for the BASE indicators, which appear in the  
exponent part of the display.  
• Engineering symbols are automatically turned off while  
the calculator is the BASE Mode.  
You cannot make changes to the angle unit or other  
display format (Disp) settings while the calculator is in  
the BASE Mode.  
• The COMP, CMPLX, SD, and REG modes can be used  
in combination with the angle unit settings.  
• Be sure to check the current calculation mode (SD, REG,  
COMP, CMPLX) and angle unit setting (Deg, Rad, Gra)  
before beginning a calculation.  
Mathematical Expression  
COMP  
Calculations and Editing  
Functions  
Use the F key to enter the COMP Mode when you  
want to perform mathematical expression calculations  
or edit expressions.  
COMP ............................................................ F 1  
k Replay Copy  
Replay copy lets you recall multiple expressions from replay  
so they are connected as a multi-statement on the screen.  
Example:  
Replay memory contents:  
1 + 1  
2 + 2  
3 + 3  
4 + 4  
5 + 5  
6 + 6  
Multi-statement: 4 + 4:5 + 5:6 + 6  
Use [ and ] to display the expression 4 + 4.  
Press A [(COPY).  
E-3  
You can also edit expressions on the display and per-  
form other multi-statement operations. For more details  
about using multi-statements, see “Multi-statements” in  
the separate “User’s Guide.”  
• Only the expressions in replay memory starting from the  
currently displayed expression and continuing to the last  
expression are copied. Anything before the displayed  
expression is not copied.  
CMPLX  
COMP  
k CALC Memory  
• CALC memory lets you temporarily store a mathematical  
expression that you need to perform a number of times  
using different values. Once you store an expression,  
you can recall it, input values for its variables, and  
calculate a result quickly and easily.  
You can store a single mathematical expression, with up  
to 79 steps. Note that CALC memory can be used in the  
COMP Mode and CMPLX Mode only.  
• The variable input screen shows the values currently  
assigned to the variables.  
Example: Calculate the result for Y = X2 + 3X – 12  
when X = 7 (Result: 58), and when X = 8 (Result: 76).  
(Input the function.)  
p y p u p x K + 3 p x , 12  
(Store the expression.)  
(Input 7 for X? prompt.)  
(Input 8 for X? prompt.)  
C
7 =  
C 8 =  
• Note that the expression you store is cleared whenever  
you start another operation, change to another mode, or  
turn off the calculator.  
k SOLVE Function  
The SOLVE function lets you solve an expression using  
variable values you want, without the need to transform or  
simply the expression.  
• Example: C is the time it would take for an object thrown  
straight up with initial velocity A to reach height B.  
E-4  
Use the formula below to calculate initial velocity A for a  
height of B = 14 meters and a time of C = 2 seconds.  
Gravitational acceleration is D = 9.8 m/s2.  
(Result: A = 16.8)  
1
2
B AC –  
DC2  
p 2 p u p 1 - p k ,  
R 1 \ 2 T - p h - p k K  
A I  
14 =  
]
(B?)  
(A?)  
(C?)  
(D?)  
2 =  
9 l 8 =  
[ [  
A I  
(A?)  
• The SOLVE function finds approximations based on  
Newton’s method, which means that error can occur.  
Certain expressions or initial values may result in error  
without convergence of results.  
• If an expression does not include an equals sign (=), the  
SOLVE function produces a solution for expression = 0.  
Scientific Function  
Calculations  
COMP  
Use the F key to enter the COMP Mode when you  
want to perform basic arithmetic calculations.  
COMP ............................................................ F 1  
k Inputting Engineering Symbols  
COMP  
EQN  
CMPLX  
Turning on engineering symbols makes it possible for  
you to use engineering symbols inside your calculations.  
E-5  
To turn engineering symbols on and off, press the F  
key a number of times until you reach the setup screen  
shown below.  
Disp  
1
• Press 1. On the engineering symbol setting screen that  
appears, press the number key (1 or 2) that corre-  
sponds to the setting you want to use.  
1(Eng ON): Engineering symbols on (indicated by  
“Eng” on the display)  
2(Eng OFF): Engineering symbols off (no “Eng”  
indicator)  
• The following are the nine symbols that can be used  
when engineering symbols are turned on.  
To input this symbol: Perform this key operation:  
Unit  
k (kilo)  
M (Mega)  
G (Giga)  
T (Tera)  
m (milli)  
µ (micro)  
n (nano)  
p (pico)  
A k  
A M  
A g  
A t  
A m  
A N  
A n  
A p  
A f  
103  
106  
109  
1012  
10–3  
10–6  
10–9  
10–12  
10–15  
f (femto)  
• For displayed values, the calculator selects the engineer-  
ing symbol that makes the numeric part of the value fall  
within the range of 1 to 1000.  
• Engineering symbols cannot be used when inputting frac-  
tions.  
Example: 9 Ö10 = 0.9 m (milli)  
Eng  
.....  
(Disp)  
1
F
1
0.  
9Ϭ1  
m
900.  
9 \ 10 =  
When engineering symbols are turned on, even standard (non-engineering)  
calculation results are displayed using engineering symbols.  
E-6  
A P  
0.9  
9Ϭ1  
m
900.  
J
Complex Number  
Calculations  
CMPLX  
Use the F key to enter the CMPLX Mode when you  
want to perform calculations that include complex  
numbers.  
CMPLX ........................................................... F 2  
• The current angle unit setting (Deg, Rad, Gra) affects  
CMPLX Mode calculations. You can store an expres-  
sion in CALC memory while in the CMPLX Mode.  
• Note that you can use variables A, B, C, and M only in  
the CMPLX Mode. Variables D, E, F, X, and Y are used  
by the calculator, which frequently changes their values.  
You should not use these variables in your expressions.  
• The indicator “RI” in the upper right corner of a  
calculation result display indicates a complex number  
result. Press A r to toggle the display between the  
real part and imaginary part of the result.  
You can use the replay function in the CMPLX Mode.  
Since complex numbers are stored in replay memory in  
the CMPLX Mode, however, more memory than normal  
is used up.  
Example: (2ѿ3i)ѿ(4ѿ5i) 6ѿ8i  
(Real part 6)  
2 + 3 i + 4 + 5 i =  
(Imaginary part 8i)  
A r  
E-7  
k Absolute Value and Argument  
Calculation  
Supposing the imaginary number expressed by the  
rectangular form z = a + bi is represented as a point in the  
Gaussian plane, you can determine the absolute value (r)  
and argument () of the complex number. The polar form  
is rЄ.  
Example 1: To determine the absolute value (r) and  
argument () of 3+4i (Angle unit: Deg)  
(r = 5, = 53.13010235°)  
Imaginary axis  
Real axis  
(r 5)  
A A R 3 + 4 i T =  
(53.13010235°)  
A a R 3 + 4 i T =  
• The complex number can also be input using the polar  
form rЄ.  
Example 2: 2 Є 45 1 ѿ i  
(Angle unit: Deg)  
L 2 A Q 45 =  
A r  
k Rectangular Form Polar Form  
Display  
You can use the operation described below to convert a  
rectangular form complex number to its polar form, and a  
polar form complex number to its rectangular form. Press  
A r to toggle the display between the absolute value  
(r) and argument ().  
Example: 1 ѿ i 1.414213562 Є 45  
(Angle unit: Deg) 1 + i A Y = A r  
L 2 A Q 45 A Z = A r  
E-8  
You select rectangular form (a+bi) or polar form (rЄ)  
for display of complex number calculation results.  
...  
F
1(Disp) r  
1(a+bi):Rectangular form  
2(rЄ): Polar form (indicated by “rЄ” on the display)  
k Conjugate of a Complex Number  
For any complex number z where z = a+bi, its conjugate  
(z) is z = abi.  
Example: To determine the conjugate of the complex  
number 1.23 + 2.34i (Result: 1.23 – 2.34i)  
A S R 1 l 23 + 2 l 34 i T =  
A r  
BASE  
Base-n Calculations  
Use the F key to enter the BASE Mode when you  
want to perform calculations using Base-n values.  
BASE ........................................................F F 3  
• In addition to decimal values, calculations can be  
performed using binary, octal and hexadecimal values.  
You can specify the default number system to be applied  
to all input and displayed values, and the number system  
for individual values as you input them.  
You cannot use scientific functions in binary, octal,  
decimal, and hexadecimal calculations.You cannot input  
values that include decimal part and an exponent.  
• If you input a value that includes a decimal part, the unit  
automatically cuts off the decimal part.  
• Negative binary, octal, and hexadecimal values are  
produced by taking the two’s complement.  
E-9  
You can use the following logical operators between  
values in Base-n calculations: and (logical product), or  
(logical sum), xor (exclusive or), xnor (exclusive nor),  
Not (bitwise complement), and Neg (negation).  
• The following are the allowable ranges for each of the  
available number systems.  
Binary  
1000000000 Ϲ x Ϲ 1111111111  
0 Ϲ x Ϲ 0111111111  
Octal  
4000000000 Ϲ x Ϲ 7777777777  
0 Ϲ x Ϲ 3777777777  
Decimal  
–2147483648 Ϲ x Ϲ 2147483647  
Hexadecimal  
80000000 Ϲ x Ϲ  
FFFFFFFF  
7FFFFFFF  
0 Ϲ x Ϲ  
Example 1: To perform the following calculation and  
produce a binary result:  
101112 ѿ 110102 1100012  
b
Binary mode:  
t b  
0.  
10111 + 11010 =  
Example 2: To perform the following calculation and  
produce an octal result:  
76548 ÷ 1210 5168  
Octal mode:  
o
t o  
0.  
l l l 4(o) 7654 \  
l l l 1(d) 12 =  
Example 3: To perform the following calculation and  
produce a hexadecimal and a decimal result:  
12016 or 11012 12d16 30110  
H
Hexadecimal mode:  
t h  
0.  
120 l 2(or)  
( )  
b
l l l 3 1101 =  
Decimal mode:  
K
E-10  
Example 4: To convert the value 2210 to its binary, oc-  
tal, and hexadecimal equivalents.  
(101102 , 268 , 1616  
)
b
0.  
10110.  
26.  
Binary mode:  
t b  
b
o
l l l 1(d) 22 =  
Octal mode:  
Hexadecimal mode:  
o
h
H
16.  
Example 5: To convert the value 51310 to its binary  
equivalent.  
b
0.  
Binary mode:  
t b  
Ma t h ERROR  
l l l 1(d) 513 =  
b
You may not be able to convert a value from a number  
system whose calculation range is greater than the cal-  
culation range of the resulting number system.  
• The message “Math ERROR” indicates that the result  
has too many digits (overflow).  
SD  
Statistical  
Calculations  
REG  
SD  
Normal Distribution  
Use the F key to enter the SD Mode when you want  
to perform a calculation involving normal distribution.  
SD ........................................................... F F 1  
• Press A D, which produces the screen shown below.  
(
(
(
P Q R  
t  
1 2 3 4  
E-11  
• Input a value from 1 to 4 to select the probability  
distribution calculation you want to perform.  
P(t)  
Q(t)  
R(t)  
• Example: To determine the normalized variate (t) for  
x = 53 and normal probability distribution P(t) for the  
following data: 55, 54, 51, 55, 53, 53, 54, 52  
(→  
t = Ҁ0.284747398, P(t) = 0.38974 )  
55 S 54 S 51 S 55 S  
53 S S 54 S 52 S  
53 A D 4( t) =  
A D 1(P() D 0.28 F =  
Differential  
Calculations  
COMP  
The procedure described below obtains the derivative of  
a function.  
Use the F key to enter the COMP Mode when you  
want to perform a calculation involving differentials.  
COMP ............................................................ F 1  
• Three inputs are required for the differential expression:  
the function of variable x, the point (a) at which the dif-  
ferential coefficient is calculated, and the change in  
x (x).  
A J expression P a P x T  
Example: To determine the derivative at point x = 2 for  
the function y = 3x2– 5x + 2, when the increase or de-  
crease in x is x = 2 × 10–4 (Result: 7 )  
A J 3 p x K , 5 p x + 2 P 2 P  
2 e D 4 T =  
E-12  
You can omit input of x, if you want. The calculator  
automatically substitutes an appropriate value for x if  
you do not input one.  
• Discontinuous points and extreme changes in the value  
of x can cause inaccurate results and errors.  
Integration  
Calculations  
COMP  
The procedure described below obtains the definite integral  
of a function.  
Use the F key to enter the COMP Mode when you  
want to perform integration calculations.  
COMP ............................................................ F 1  
• The following four inputs are required for integration  
calculations: a function with the variable x; a and b, which  
define the integration range of the definite integral; and  
n, which is the number of partitions (equivalent to N =  
2n) for integration using Simpson’s rule.  
d expression P a P b P n F  
5
Example: (2x2 + 3x + 8) dx = 150.6666667  
1
(Number of partitions n = 6)  
2
3
p x K + p x +  
d
8 P 1 P 5 P 6 T =  
Note!  
You can specify an integer in the range of 1 to 9 as the  
number of partitions, or you can skip input of the number  
of partitions entirely, if you want.  
• Internal integration calculations may take considerable  
time to complete.  
• Display contents are cleared while an integration  
calculation is being performed internally.  
E-13  
Power Supply  
The type of battery you should use depends on the model  
number of your calculator.  
fx-115MS  
The TWO WAY POWER system actually has two power  
supplies:a solar cell and a G13Type (LR44) button battery.  
Normally, calculators equipped with a solar cell alone can  
operate only when relatively bright light is present. The  
TWO WAY POWER system, however, lets you continue  
to use the calculator as long as there is enough light to  
read the display.  
• Replacing the Battery  
Either of the following symptoms indicates battery power  
is low, and that the battery should be replaced.  
• Display figures are dim and difficult to read in areas  
where there is little light available.  
• Nothing appears on the display when you press the  
5 key.  
u To replace the battery  
1 Remove the five screws that  
hold the back cover in place  
and then remove the back  
cover.  
Screw  
Screw  
2 Remove the old battery.  
3 Wipe off the sides of new  
battery with a dry, soft cloth.  
Load it into the unit with the  
positive  
side facing up (so  
k
you can see it).  
4 Replace the back cover and  
secure it in place with the five  
screws.  
5 Press 5 to turn power on. Be sure not to skip this  
step.  
E-14  
fx-100MS  
This calculator is powered by a single AA-size battery.  
• Replacing the Battery  
Dim figures on the display of the calculator indicate that  
battery power is low.Continued use of the calculator when  
the battery is low can result in improper operation.  
Replace the battery as soon as possible when display  
figures become dim.  
• To replace the battery  
1 Press Aito turn power off.  
Screw  
Screw  
2 Remove the six screws that  
hold the back cover in place  
and then remove the back  
cover.  
3 Remove the old battery.  
4 Load a new battery into the  
unit with its positive  
and  
k
negative  
correctly.  
ends facing  
l
5 Replace the back cover and  
secure it in place with the six  
screws.  
6 Press 5 to turn power on.  
Auto Power Off  
Calculator power automatically turns off if you do not  
perform any operation for about six minutes. When this  
happens, press 5 to turn power back on.  
E-15  
Specifications  
Power Supply:  
fx-100MS: Single AA-size battery (R6P(SUM-3))  
fx-115MS: Solar cell and a single G13 Type button  
battery (LR44)  
Battery Life:  
fx-100MS: Approximately 17,000 hours continuous  
display of flashing cursor.  
Approximately 2 years when left with power  
turned off.  
fx-115MS: Approximately 3 years (1 hour use per day).  
Dimensions:  
fx-100MS: 20.0 (H) ҂ 78 (W) ҂ 155 (D) mm  
13/16(H) ҂ 31/16(W) ҂ 61/8(D)  
fx-115MS: 12.7 (H) ҂ 78 (W) ҂ 154.5 (D) mm  
1/2(H) ҂ 31/16(W) ҂ 61/16(D)  
Weight:  
fx-100MS: 133 g (4.7 oz) including battery  
fx-115MS: 105 g (3.7 oz) including battery  
Power Consumption: 0.0002 W  
OperatingTemperature: 0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F)  
Important notice for fx-912MS owners  
The names fx-912MS (Japan domestic model name)  
and fx-115MS (international model name) apply to the  
same model. Owners of the fx-912MS should refer to  
the description of fx-115MS.  
E-16  
CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD.  
6-2, Hon-machi 1-chome  
Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-8543, Japan  
SA0206-D Printed in China  
CA 310074C-1  

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