Xerox Docuprint 4850 User Manual

Xerox DocuPrint  
4850/4890/92C  
NPS/IPS  
System Overview Guide  
721P90160  
Version 8.0  
October 2002  
Table of contents  
System Overview Guide  
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Table of contents  
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System Overview Guide  
Table of contents  
System Overview Guide  
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Table of contents  
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System Overview Guide  
Safety  
Laser safety  
WARNING  
Adjustments, use of controls, or performance of procedures  
other than those specified herein may result in hazardous  
light exposure.  
The Xerox DocuPrint printers are certified to comply with the  
performance standards of the U.S. Department of Health,  
Education, and Welfare for Class 1 laser products. Class 1 laser  
products do not emit hazardous radiation. The DocuPrint printers  
do not emit hazardous radiation because the laser beam is  
completely enclosed during all modes of customer operation.  
The laser danger labels on the system are for Xerox service  
representatives and are on or near panels or shields that must  
be removed with a tool.  
DO NOT REMOVE LABELED PANELS OR PANELS NEAR  
LABELS. ONLY XEROX SERVICE REPRESENTATIVES HAVE  
ACCESS TO THESE PANELS.  
System Overview Guide  
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Safety  
Ozone information: U. S. only  
This product produces ozone during normal operation. The  
amount of ozone produced depends on copy volume. Ozone is  
heavier than air. The environmental parameters specified in the  
Xerox installation instructions ensure that concentration levels  
are within safe limits. If you need additional information  
concerning ozone, call 1-800-828-6571 to request the Xerox  
publication 600P83222, OZONE.  
Operation safety: U. S.  
Your Xerox equipment and supplies have been designed and  
tested to meet strict safety requirements. They have been  
approved by safety agencies, and they comply with  
environmental standards. Please observe the following  
precautions to ensure your continued safety.  
WARNING  
Improper connection of the equipment grounding conductor  
may result in risk of electrical shock.  
• Always connect equipment to a properly grounded electrical  
outlet. If in doubt, have the outlet checked by a qualified  
electrician.  
• Never use a ground adapter plug to connect equipment to an  
electrical outlet that lacks a ground connection terminal.  
• Always place equipment on a solid support surface with  
adequate strength for its weight.  
• Always use materials and supplies specifically designed for  
your Xerox equipment. Use of unsuitable materials may result  
in poor performance and may create a hazardous situation.  
• Never move either the printer or the printer controller without  
first contacting Xerox for approval.  
• Never attempt any maintenance that is not specifically  
described in this documentation.  
• Never remove any covers or guards that are fastened with  
screws. There are no operator-serviceable areas within these  
covers.  
• Never override electrical or mechanical interlocks.  
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Safety  
• Never use supplies or cleaning materials for other than their  
intended purposes. Keep all materials out of the reach of  
children.  
• Never operate the equipment if you notice unusual noises or  
odors. Disconnect the power cord from the electrical outlet  
and call service to correct the problem.  
If you need any additional safety information concerning the  
equipment or materials Xerox supplies, call Xerox Product Safety  
at the following toll-free number in the United States:  
1-800-828-6571  
For customers outside the United States, contact your local  
Xerox representative or operating company.  
Operation safety: Europe  
This Xerox product and supplies are manufactured, tested and  
certified to strict safety regulations, electromagnetic regulations  
and established environmental standards.  
Any unauthorised alteration, which may include the addition of  
new functions or connection of external devices, may impact the  
product certification.  
Please contact your Xerox representative for more information.  
Warning markings  
All warning instructions marked on or supplied with the product  
should be followed.  
This WARNING alerts users to areas of the product where there  
is the possibility of personal damage.  
This WARNING alerts users to areas of the product where there  
are heated surfaces, which should not be touched.  
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Safety  
Electrical supply  
This product shall be operated from the type of electrical supply  
indicated on the product’s data plate label. If you are not sure  
that your electrical supply meets the requirements, please  
consult your local power company for advice.  
WARNING  
This product must be connected to a protective earth circuit. This  
product is supplied with a plug that has a protective earth pin.  
This plug will fit only into an earthed electrical outlet. This is a  
safety feature. Always connect equipment to a properly grounded  
electrical outlet. If in doubt, have the outlet checked by a qualified  
electrician.  
To disconnect all electrical power to the product, the disconnect  
device is the power cord. Remove the plug from the electrical  
outlet.  
Ventilation  
Slots and opening in the enclosure of the product are provided  
for ventilation. Do not block or cover the ventilation vents, as this  
could result in the product overheating.  
This product should not be placed in a built-in installation unless  
proper ventilation is provided, please contact your Xerox  
representative for advice.  
Never push objects of any kind into the ventilation vents of the  
product.  
Operator accessible areas  
This product has been designed to restrict operator access to  
safe areas only. Operator access to hazardous areas is restricted  
with covers or guards, which would require a tool to remove.  
Never remove these covers or guards.  
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System Overview Guide  
     
Safety  
Maintenance  
Any operator product maintenance procedures will be described  
in the user documentation supplied with the product. Do not  
carry out any maintenance on the product, which is not  
described in the customer documentation.  
Before cleaning your product  
Before cleaning this product, unplug the product from the  
electrical outlet. Always use materials specifically designated for  
this product, the use of other materials may result in poor  
performance and may create a hazardous situation. Do not use  
aerosol cleaners, they may be flammable under certain  
circumstances.  
CE mark: Europe only  
January 1, 1995: Council Directive 73/23/EEC, amended by  
Council Directive 93/68/EEC, approximation of the laws of the  
member states related to low voltage equipment.  
January 1, 1996: Council Directive 89/336/EEC, approximation  
of the laws of the member states related to electromagnetic  
compatibility.  
March 9, 1999: Council Directive 99/5/EC, on radio equipment  
and telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual  
recognition of their conformity.  
A full declaration of conformity, defining the relevant directives  
and referenced standards, can be obtained from your Xerox  
representative.  
In order to allow this equipment to operate in proximity to  
Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) equipment, the external  
radiation for the ISM equipment may have to be limited or special  
mitigation measures taken.  
This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment this product  
may cause radio frequency interference, in which case the user  
may be required to take adequate measures.  
Shielded interface cables must be used with this product to  
maintain compliance with Council Directive 89/36/EEC.  
System Overview Guide  
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Safety  
Radio and telecommunications equipment directive (Europe only)  
Certification to 1999/5/EC Radio Equipment and  
Telecommunications Terminal Equipment Directive:  
This Xerox product has been self-certified by Xerox for pan-  
European single terminal connection to the analog public  
switched telephone network (PSTN) in accordance with Directive  
1999/5/EC.  
The product has been designed to work with the national PSTNs  
and compatible PBXs of the following countries:  
Austria  
Germany  
Greece  
Iceland  
Ireland  
Italy  
Luxembourg  
Netherlands  
Norway  
Sweden  
Belgium  
Denmark  
Finland  
France  
Switzerland  
United Kingdom  
Portugal  
Spain  
In the event of problems, contact your local Xerox representative  
in the first instance.  
This product has been tested to, and is compliant with, TBR21, a  
specification for terminal equipment for use on analog switched  
telephone networks in the European Economic area.  
The product may be configured to be compatible with other  
country networks. Please contact your Xerox representative if  
your product needs to be reconnected to a network in another  
country. This product has no user-adjustable settings.  
NOTE: Although this product can use either loop disconnect  
(pulse) or DTMF (tone) signaling, it should be set to use DTMF  
signaling. DTMF signaling provides reliable and faster call setup.  
Modification or connection to external control software, or to  
external control apparatus not authorized by Xerox, invalidates  
its certification.  
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System Overview Guide  
 
Safety  
For further information  
For more information on Environment, Health and Safety in  
relation to this Xerox product and supplies, please contact the  
following customer help lines:  
Europe:+44 1707 353434  
USA:1 800 8286571  
Canada:1 800 8286571  
System Overview Guide  
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Safety  
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System Overview Guide  
Introduction  
This guide provides an overview of the individual components of  
the NPS/IPS printing system and how they work together. It is  
designed to provide you with background information that can be  
used to make informed decisions regarding printer use and  
performance.  
About this guide  
This guide provides information to help you quickly determine  
hardware, software, and connectivity requirements for printing  
from various clients to the DocuPrint NPS/IPS.  
This reference is useful for users who want to understand the  
overall DocuPrint NPS/IPS. Managers can use the reference  
information to assist them in making planning decisions.  
Contents  
This section lists the contents of this guide:  
• Chapter 1, “System overview,” describes the hardware and  
software features of the DocuPrint 4850/4890/92C NPS/IPS.  
It also provides information about highlight color.  
• Chapter 2, “Printer controller overview,” describes the  
hardware and software components of the printer controller.  
• Chapter 3, “Printer components and options,” describes the  
printer components and possible configurations. It also traces  
the path of the paper through printer, which is helpful in  
locating possible paper jams.  
• Chapter 4, “Network printing,” provides information that is  
specific to network printing.  
• Chapter 5, “IPDS printing,” provides information that is  
specific to IPDS printing.  
System Overview Guide  
xv  
     
• Appendix A, “Supplies,” provides information and  
specifications on paper and other media used with the NPS/  
IPS, as well as instructions for ordering supplies.  
Conventions  
This guide uses the following conventions:  
All caps and angle brackets: Within procedures, the names  
of keys are shown in all caps within angle brackets (for  
example, press <ENTER>).  
Angle brackets: Variable information, or the position of a  
specified argument in the command syntax, appears in angle  
brackets (for example, List Fonts <Pattern>).  
Bold: Within procedures, text and numbers that you enter are  
shown in bold (for example, enter privilege operator).  
The word “enter” within procedures: The two-step process  
of keying in data and pressing <ENTER> (for example,  
enter y).  
Italics: Document and library names are shown in italics (for  
example, the Xerox DocuPrint NPS/IPS Guide to Managing  
Print Jobs).  
Quotation marks: Keywords you can enter as arguments  
appear in quotes (for example, “USLetter”).  
Vertical bars: Alternatives to specified arguments are  
separated by vertical bars (for example, Set Time <Time |  
Remote Host Name | IP Address>).  
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System Overview Guide  
   
Introduction  
NOTE: Notes are hints that help you perform a task or  
understand the text.  
CAUTION  
Cautions alert you to an action that could damage hardware or  
software.  
WARNING  
Warnings alert you to conditions that may affect the safety  
of people.  
Related publications  
The Xerox DocuPrint NPS/IPS documentation set includes the  
documents listed below.  
NOTE: For a list of IBM reference manuals for IPDS printing,  
refer to the Solutions Guide for IPDS Printing.  
Guide to Configuring and Managing the System  
Guide to Managing Print Jobs  
Guide to Performing Routine Maintenance  
Guide to Submitting Jobs from the Client  
Guide to Using Page Description Languages  
Installation Planning Guide  
System Overview Guide  
Troubleshooting Guide  
Solutions Guide for IPDS Printing  
Decomposition Service and Tools Guide  
Glossary  
Master Index  
Customer Information Quick Reference Card  
Printer Controller Commands Quick Reference Card  
Operator Quick Reference Card  
Submitting your Jobs from Macintosh Quick Reference Card  
Submitting your Jobs from UNIX & DOS Quick Reference  
Card  
System Overview Guide  
xvii  
   
Submitting your Jobs from Windows NT 4.0 (QuickPrint)  
Quick Reference Card  
Submitting your Jobs Using Windows NT 4.0 Drivers Quick  
Reference Card  
The documentation set also includes an electronic version, the  
DocuPrint NPS/IPS Interactive Customer Documentation CD.  
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System Overview Guide  
1. System overview  
This chapter introduces the DocuPrint NPS/IPS printing system  
and describes its major and optional components. It also  
provides information on how highlight color is used in printed  
documents.  
Functional overview of the NPS/IPS  
The NPS/IPS printers support the processing and printing of  
PDL and ASCII jobs from network workstations, as well as IPDS  
jobs from an IBM host. Supported PDL formats are PostScript  
levels 1 and 2, HP PCL 5c, HP PCL 5e, and TIFF.  
Your organization may print only IPDS jobs, network PDL jobs, or  
jobs from both environments.  
DocuPrint 4850, 4890, and 92C NPS/IPS printers support:  
• Printing in various shades and tints of a highlight color plus  
black  
• Printing in highlight color (black plus one color) at a rated  
speed of up to 50 ppm at 300 dpi (4850); 92 ppm at 300 dpi  
(4890); and 92 ppm at 300 or 600 dpi (92C)  
• Printing simplex and duplex  
• Processing and printing of network PDL jobs and IPDS jobs  
without soft boot to switch modes  
• Multiple weights, sizes and types of paper (refer to the  
“Supplies” appendix for details)  
• Optional high-capacity feeder  
• Optional high-capacity stitcher/stacker  
• Optional bypass transport for enhanced finishing and output  
to third-party finishing devices (4850 and 92C)  
• Sixth Sense, a diagnostic tool that provides system  
assessment and problem analysis.  
System Overview Guide  
1-1  
     
System overview  
Resolution  
The 4850/4890 NPS/IPS provides high print quality at 300 dpi  
resolution. It can receive data at 240, 300, or 600 dpi. The  
controller converts 240 and 600 to 300 dpi data.  
The 92C NPS/IPS provides exceptional print quality at 600 dpi  
resolution. It can receive data at 240, 300, or 600 dpi. The  
controller can convert incoming data to 600 dpi for printing, or  
can convert the data to 240 or 300 dpi and allow the print engine  
to convert the pages to 600 dpi.  
The following table shows how data streams of different  
resolutions are interpolated.  
Table 1-1. Data stream conversion  
Incoming input resolution of document  
240 dpi data 300 dpi data  
Printer  
600 dpi data  
4850/4890 NPS/  
IPS  
Converted by controller to Print at 300 x 300 dpi  
300 dpi  
Converted by controller to  
300 dpi  
92C NPS/IPS  
Converted by controller to Converted by controller Print at 600 x 600 dpi  
600 dpi to 300 dpi  
NOTE: For more information on specifying appropriate  
resolution settings, refer to the Guide to Managing Print Jobs  
and the Guide to Configuring and Managing the System. For  
IPDS printing, refer to the to Solutions Guide for IPDS printing.  
System components overview  
DocuPrint NPS/ The entire DocuPrint NPS/IPS system includes the printer (also  
IPS  
known as an IOT or print engine), printer controller, printer  
interface, and all appropriate software. “DocuPrint printer” or  
“printer” refers to the base printer engine (IOT) only, without the  
printer controller and interface.  
Xerox-supplied The printer controller includes a processor, DVD-ROM (or CD-  
printer controller ROM) drive, diskette drive, keyboard, mouse, and a monitor. The  
printer controller accepts the print job from the client workstation  
or host, converts the files into page images, and sends the page  
images to the printer. The user interface at the printer controller  
allows you to perform tasks such as monitoring job status,  
prioritizing jobs, and configuring the system.  
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System Overview Guide  
   
System overview  
Xerox-supplied The printer interface cables provide high-speed data transport  
printer interface and communication between the printer controller and the  
printer.  
Xerox-supplied The printer accepts data from the printer controller and prints the  
DocuPrint printer  
document according to the print options specified by the user.  
The printer also provides optional paper stitching and stacking.  
Connectivity configurations  
The NPS/IPS can process network PDL and IPDS jobs  
concurrently.  
To support the submission of jobs from a variety of hosts,  
configuration possibilities include:  
• The same Token Ring or Ethernet connection can be used for  
both IPDS and Postscript/PCL.  
• Both a Token Ring card and an Ethernet card can reside in  
the Sun workstation controller, with one being used for IPDS  
and the other for PostScript/PCL.  
• Bus and tag attachment through the channel interface can be  
used for IPDS jobs from a channel-attached host; Token Ring  
or Ethernet connection can be used for jobs submitted over  
the network.  
NPS/IPS concurrent printing  
The Xerox NPS/IPS can receive a variety of data streams  
including IPDS, PostScript Levels 1 and 2, PCL 5c, PCL 5e, TIFF,  
and ASCII. The system automatically senses the type of job and  
processes it appropriately.  
When your system is printing IPDS jobs, it can accept network  
PDL data streams in the background. When network PDL jobs  
are printing, only one IPDS job can be queued.  
System Overview Guide  
1-3  
   
System overview  
Document Feeding and Finishing Architecture (DFA)  
The Document Feeding and Finishing Architecture (DFA) on the  
NPS/IPS supports all third-party finishing devices currently  
validated for the LCDS (J11) printers (DFA is not supported on  
the 4850). The bypass transport option is required for in-line  
finishing devices .  
SNMP support  
The system provides functionality to export the state of a printer  
using the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), thus  
allowing printer management software to monitor and report on  
the printer state.  
SNMP is a standardized communications protocol for managing  
arbitrary networked devices from different vendors, such as  
workstations, servers, printers, or routers. The information to be  
communicated is presented as variable name/value pairs,  
defined in a set of standardized management information bases  
(MIBs). The MIBs define the legal variables, their types, and  
possibly a fixed set of values.  
SNMP was designed to facilitate managing a heterogeneous set  
of networked devices that communicate using TCP/IP.  
Specifically, it addressed management of the network itself and  
the network traffic between those devices. Over time, MIBs were  
defined to expand the types of devices that could be managed  
using SNMP. For example, MIBs were defined specific to  
managing a workstation or a printer.  
The system currently supports variables defined in the following  
MIBs:  
• MIB-II (RFC 1156)  
This MIB defines the basic set of variables any device  
running TCP/IP should make accessible. It includes, for a  
particular device, variables for information such as a system  
description, information about each of the network interfaces  
present on the device, and information about all the IP  
datagrams sent and received by the device.  
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System Overview Guide  
         
System overview  
• Host Resources MIB (RFC 1514)  
This MIB defines variables useful in managing a “host”  
system. In this context, a host is a computer that is directly  
used by human beings and that communicates with other  
similar computers attached through a network. The Host  
Resources MIB includes information such as how long the  
system has been up, descriptions of the processors and  
attached storage devices, and possibly information about  
software running on the host.  
• Printer MIB (RFC 1759)  
This MIB defines information useful in managing a printer. It  
includes information about the physical status of the printer,  
such as the number of input trays, the media loaded in them,  
and the number and types of marking engines included in the  
printer.  
Most variables in these MIBs are supported in a standard way, as  
described in the standard documentation, except that writing to  
read/write variables is not supported. All variables are treated as  
read-only. In all cases, the NPS/IPS SNMP implementation  
supplies textual information only in English.  
IPP support  
The system supports the Internet Printing Protocol (IPP), which  
allows you to:  
• Add the printer to your PC directly as an Internet printer with  
a URL, rather than indirectly as an lpr-connected local printer.  
• Use an IPP client to access the printer. A limited subset of  
IPP operations is supported; query the IPP client for details.  
Sixth Sense  
Sixth Sense is a unique suite of diagnostic tools that allows  
Xerox customer service engineers, analysts, and consultants to  
serve customers more effectively.  
System Overview Guide  
1-5  
       
System overview  
Sixth Sense is intended to automate and expedite the range of  
service-related support functions. Sixth Sense is a tool that  
enables Xerox to provide benchmark service support. Xerox  
customers benefit from the ability to bring broader support to  
focus more quickly.  
For example, Sixth Sense can allow the Service Representative  
to repeatedly "preview" the condition of the system prior to an  
actual site visit. This may provide the ability to determine the  
correct part or piece of information to have on hand when the site  
visit is made.  
Sixth Sense is a no-charge feature available to customers  
through Xerox Service. The customer need only provide an  
analog phone line for use by the Sixth Sense modem connection.  
For those customers unable to dedicate a phone line to the Sixth  
Sense connection, three and five port phone share devices are  
available for purchase.  
To take advantage of Sixth Sense, the customer needs to:  
• Request Sixth Sense enablement through Xerox Service  
• Provide an analog phone line  
• If necessary, purchase an optional phone share device.  
More information about the Sixth Sense can be found in the  
Troubleshooting Guide for your system.  
Software license  
In order to use the operating system software, the owner must  
obtain a software license from Xerox. The license, which is a 20-  
character text string, is entered at the printer controller.  
Your Xerox service representative can obtain this license text  
string for you and enter it when the printer is installed or when  
the software is upgraded. Although your service representative  
usually does this for you, you are able to enter your license string  
yourself from the NPS/IPS main window.  
Until the license string is entered, your printer cannot print or  
receive data. You can, however, perform all offline tasks, such as  
setting up virtual printers.  
For details on obtaining and entering the license string, refer to  
the Guide to Configuring and Managing the System.  
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System Overview Guide  
   
System overview  
How highlight color is created  
A document with highlight color contains one color plus black.  
The color may be printed either as a solid color or combined with  
black. The NPS/IPS prints the highlight color by printing small  
dots in a single pass with near-perfect registration. The following  
methods are used to create various tints, shades and tones:  
• Tints of black or the highlight color are created by printing  
dots of black or color with white space between them, thus  
producing a percentage value of the color. An example of this  
is gray or pink.  
• Shades are created by printing black dots next to dots of the  
highlight color. An example of this is dark red.  
Tones are created by printing a combination of black dots,  
color dots, and blank space. The result is a percentage value  
of black and the highlight color. Dark red is made by mixing  
dots of red and black. Gray-pink is made by mixing red dots,  
black dots and some blank space.  
• The patterns of dots are known as screens. Screens are  
defined in the printer controller software as a matrix of bits,  
which correspond to printed dots. The screen defines which  
dots in the matrix are black, which are highlight color, and  
which are not printed.  
How to convert full color to highlight color  
The NPS/IPS provides a selection of black dry ink and ten color  
dry inks:  
1. Red  
2. Green  
3. Blue  
4. Cyan  
5. Magenta  
6. Cardinal (red)  
7. Royal (blue)  
8. Ruby  
9. Violet  
10.Brown.  
System Overview Guide  
1-7  
         
System overview  
When the NPS/IPS receives a full-color document, the printer  
software matches the colors as closely as possible. If you specify  
a color in your document that the NPS/IPS cannot print, it is  
printed either as a shade of gray or as an equivalent tone of  
highlight color.  
To control color conversion in your document, you can use the  
map color option, also called “extraction color.” The map color  
option is used to specify which color in the full color document  
you want to print using the highlight color. Colors you do not  
specify in the map color option print as shades of gray.  
You can make the map color differ from the highlight color so that  
red parts of a document are printed as green, or blue portions  
are printed as red, and so forth.  
The highlight color rendering algorithm enables you to specify  
the qualities of a document that are the most important to  
preserve. The highlight rendering attributes allow you to  
distinguish between different colors, use preset color tables,  
apply pictorial mapping for pictures, and apply presentation  
mapping for other objects.  
NOTE: To determine the RGB values of a specified highlight  
color, view the system options. When the Pictorial highlight color  
rendering algorithm is used, the specified RGB value saturates  
on the page. When the presentation algorithm is used, the RGB  
value does not saturate on the page.  
Color substitution  
If the print document calls for a color that is not installed in the  
printer, the printer controller acts according to the current color  
substitution parameters.  
The options for color substitution with the color mismatch action  
are:  
Abort: Deletes the job.  
UseLoadedColor: Uses the dry ink that is currently loaded  
on the printer.  
RequestOperatorIntervention: Causes a job to be  
ineligible for printing until the highlight color is changed.  
You can specify these color substitution options at a client  
workstation when submitting a job to the printer, or by specifying  
the HightlightColorMismatchAction attribute in a virtual printer.  
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System Overview Guide  
       
2. Printer controller overview  
The printer controller manages print options, provides the user  
interface, and runs system management and diagnostic  
operations on demand. The following is an explanation of tasks  
that enable the job to be printed:  
• The printer controller detects which job protocol is being sent.  
• Print option parameters are stored in the Job Pool Manager  
(JPM) database, which maintains a database of all jobs. This  
database contains a reference to the print data on the fixed  
disk, as well as the print options parameters for the print data.  
The JPM responds to the printer controller commands for  
deleting, holding, and prioritizing jobs.  
• Print data is stored on the printer controller disk for queuing  
and while printing.  
• When the printer controller begins processing a job, it sends  
the print data to the decomposer. The decomposer converts  
the print data into a bitmap in the resolution appropriate to  
the printing device.  
The decomposer utilizes font data from font files stored on  
the printer controller disk or font information sent to the  
printer controller with the print job.  
• When processed data comes back from the decomposer, the  
printer controller Device Driver transmits the print data and  
print option parameters to the printer. Printing is then  
initiated.  
• After the job has been printed successfully, the print data file  
is deleted from the disk. If an error inhibits job completion, the  
printer controller manages the recovery and completion of  
the job.  
The system can manage the processing of multiple jobs and the  
printing of another job simultaneously. When you are printing  
IPDS jobs, the printer controller is able to queue multiple  
PostScript and PCL jobs at the same time. When you are printing  
PostScript and PCL jobs, you can send only one IPDS job.  
System Overview Guide  
2-1  
 
Printer controller overview  
Printer controller components  
The printer controller consists of a specially-configured Sun  
workstation and uses proprietary Xerox hardware, firmware, and  
software.  
Your system may use one of two platforms for the printer  
controller:  
• Sun Blade 1000  
• Sun Ultra 60 workstation  
Sun Blade 1000 workstation  
The printer controller is based on the Sun Blade 1000, a  
workstation with a high-performance architecture for complex  
processing tasks. It contains the following hardware  
components:  
• Processor (system unit) containing the following:  
Two UltraSPARC III 750 Mhz central processing unit  
(CPU) modules  
– 4 GB memory (four 1 GB Dual In-line Memory Modules,  
or DIMMs)  
– 36 GB hard disk drive  
– DVD-ROM drive  
– 3.5 inch diskette drive  
• Keyboard and mouse  
• Monitor  
• Optional Token Ring board  
Two printer controller Interface (PCI) boards installed in the  
processor to interface with the print engine.  
Optional For channel connection to a host for IPDS printing, the system  
components  
may use a channel interface board that is connected to a  
channel cable connector box.  
An external 4 mm tape drive is available and recommended for  
backing up site files. A typical color calibration file is 1.5 MB.  
A second internal 36 GB hard disk drive is optional, as are two  
additional external disks.  
2-2  
System Overview Guide  
     
Printer controller overview  
Figure 2-1. Components of the printer controller  
1. Monitor  
2. Mouse  
3. Keyboard  
4. Diskette drive  
5. DVD-ROM drive  
6. Processor  
Processor The central processing unit contains the memory, internal disk  
drive, a graphics board, a DVD-ROM drive, a diskette drive,  
power receptacle and outlet, connectors and ports.  
Memory: Four 1 GB Dual In-line Memory Modules, or DIMMs  
are provided as a standard feature of the processor.  
Hard disk drive: A 36 GB primary disk drive is provided as a  
standard feature of the processor. The operating system, the  
NPS/IPS application, and any queued print jobs are stored on  
the internal disk. This disk cannot be used to store other  
applications or data except as directed by your service  
representative.  
Graphics board: The Creator-3D series 3 graphics board is  
provided as a standard feature of the processor.  
System Overview Guide  
2-3  
 
Printer controller overview  
Diskette drive: Diskettes inserted into a diskette drive are  
used to install fonts and to load files to, and back up files  
from, the internal disk drive. The diskette drive uses industry  
standard 3.5 inch, 1.44 MB, double-sided, high-density  
diskettes.  
DVD-ROM drive: The DVD-ROM drive is a high density,  
read-only, optical laser storage device used for loading the  
NPS/IPS operating system and other files. The CD-ROM  
drive is located in the processor above the diskette drive.  
Back panel: The back panel of the processor has a power  
receptacle and outlet, connectors, connector openings, and  
ports. The following figure shows the back panel of the  
controller.  
Figure 2-2. Back panel of the printer controller  
1. Access panel lock block  
2. Serial connectors A and B, DB-25  
3. Parallel connector  
4. SCSI connector  
5. Universal serial bus (USB) connectors  
2-4  
System Overview Guide  
     
Printer controller overview  
6. Twisted-pair Ethernet (TPE) connector  
7. IEEE 1394 connectors  
8. Fibre Channel-Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL) connector  
9. Audio module headphones, line-in, line-out, and  
microphone connectors  
10.Graphics card / video connector (frame buffer 0)  
11.PCI card slot 4  
12.Graphics card / video connector (frame buffer not used)  
13.PCI card slots 3 and 2  
14.Power connector  
15.PCI card slot 1  
Keyboard The keyboard consists of alphanumeric keys similar to a  
typewriter, symbols and special character keys, an extended  
character set, and function keys. You can use the keyboard to  
make selections, and to enter commands that control functions  
such as requesting sample prints, or shutting down the system.  
Mouse  
Use the mouse to select, move, or resize the windows.  
Display monitor The 18.1-inch LCD monitor allows you to interact with the printer  
and to monitor its interaction with the various components.  
During a print job, printer error messages may display to notify  
you of any unexpected conditions.  
NOTE: For information on channel-attached systems, refer to  
the chapter, “IPDS printing environment”.  
NOTE: Printer controller hardware configurations are subject to  
upgrade.  
Sun Ultra 60 workstation  
A PCIM2 card for the Sun Ultra 60 is installed in the processor.  
The printer cable is connected to the processor. In addition, the  
processor contains the connectivity boards for Ethernet and  
optional Token Ring. The disk stores the operating system, the  
system software, and any buffered pages.  
System Overview Guide  
2-5  
     
Printer controller overview  
Optional For channel connection to a host for IPDS printing, the system  
components  
may use an HCU.  
An external 4 mm tape drive is available and recommended for  
backing up site files. A typical color calibration file is 1.5 MB.  
Figure 2-3. Printer controller components (Sun Ultra 60)  
1. Monitor  
2. Keyboard  
3. Mouse  
4. Processor  
5. Diskette drive  
6. CD-ROM  
7. Optional cartridge tape drive  
8. Optional HCU  
Processor The central processing unit contains the memory, internal disk  
drive, a CD-ROM drive, a diskette drive, power receptacle and  
outlet, connectors and ports.  
Diskette drive: The floppy disk drive is located in the  
processor. It uses industry standard 3.5 inch, 1.44-MB,  
double-sided, high-density floppy disks. This disk drive is not  
an input source for print jobs or for any other data or  
application. It is reserved exclusively for use by a service  
representative to update software and to store files.  
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System Overview Guide  
 
Printer controller overview  
CD-ROM: The CD-ROM drive, located in the processor  
above the diskette drive, is a high-density, read-only, optical  
laser storage device used for loading the software, fonts and  
other files.  
Cartridge tape drive: The Sun Ultra 60 offers an optional 8  
GB, 4 mm external SCSI cartridge tape drive. Unlike the  
diskette and CD drives, this tape drive is not an input source  
for print jobs or for any other data or application. It provides  
the service representative with another means of loading  
system maintenance files or saving diagnostic information.  
Keyboard The keyboard consists of alphanumeric keys similar to a  
typewriter, symbols and special character keys, an extended  
character set, and function keys. You can use the keyboard to  
make selections, and to enter commands that control functions  
such as requesting sample prints, or shutting down the system.  
Mouse  
Use the mouse to select, move, or resize windows.  
Display monitor The display monitor has a high-resolution color screen, which  
displays the user interface screen.  
NOTE: For information on channel-attached systems, refer to  
the chapter, “IPDS printing environment”.  
NOTE: Printer controller hardware configurations are subject to  
upgrade.  
Printer controller software and fonts  
The installation of printer controller software is performed by your  
service representative once all the hardware components are in  
place and properly connected. The following is a summary of  
major software components installed on the printer controller:  
• Xerox printer controller software  
– UNIX Sun operating system  
NOTE: The Sun operating system used on the controller  
is based on the standard Sun operating system; however,  
it has been customized for use with the Xerox printer  
controller. Therefore, not all standard Sun operating  
system features are available.  
System Overview Guide  
2-7  
     
Printer controller overview  
– DocuPrint Print Service Software including software  
components for the user interface, driver, decomposers,  
Job Pool Manager, and other operating system utilities.  
• Xerox Client Software  
– Xerox client protocol software (print command) can be  
downloaded to client workstations or PCs as a means of  
sending jobs.  
• Adobe Type 1 PostScript fonts  
– Courier (Courier, Bold, Oblique, Bold Oblique)  
– Helvetica (Helvetica, Bold, Oblique, Bold Oblique, Light,  
Light Oblique, Black, Black Oblique Condensed,  
Condensed Oblique, Condensed Bold, Condensed Bold  
Oblique Narrow, Narrow Bold, Narrow Oblique, Narrow  
Bold Oblique)  
– ITC AvantGarde Gothic (Book, Book Oblique, Demi, Demi  
Oblique)  
– ITC Bookman (Demi, Demi Italic, Light, Light Italic)  
– ITC Garamond (Light, Light Italic, Bold, Bold Italic)  
– ITC Korinna (Korinna, Kursiv Regular, Bold, Kursive Bold)  
– ITC Zapf Chancery (Medium Italic)  
– ITC Zapf Dingbats (Medium)  
– New Century Schoolbook (Roman, Bold, Italic, Bold Italic)  
– Palatino (Roman, Bold, Italic, Bold Italic)  
– Symbol (Medium)  
– Times (Roman, Bold, Italic, Bold Italic)  
Using font installation commands, you can load other Type 1  
PostScript fonts in *.PFB file format from a MS-DOS-  
formatted, 3.5-inch diskette or CD-ROM or DVD-ROM. Refer  
to the Guide to Configuring and Managing the System for  
more information on the font installation commands. Type 1  
and Type 3 PostScript fonts can also be downloaded with a  
print job.  
• PCL fonts: Intellifont (scalable)  
– CG Times (Medium, Italic, Bold, Bold Italic)  
– Universe (Medium, Italic, Bold, Bold Italic)  
– Universe Condensed (Medium, Italic, Bold, Bold Italic)  
– Courier (Medium, Italic, Bold, Bold Italic)  
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System Overview Guide  
         
Printer controller overview  
– Letter Gothic (Medium, Italic, Bold)  
– Albertus [Medium (semi-bold), Extra Bold  
– Antique Olive (Medium, Italic, Bold)  
– Clarendon Condensed (Bold)  
– Coronet (Medium Italic)  
– Garamond [Antique (medium), Kursiv (Italic), Halbfett  
(Bold), Kursiv Halbfett (Bold Italic)]  
– Marigold (Medium)  
– CG Omega (Medium, Italic, Bold, Bold Italic  
• PCL fonts: Truetype (scalable)  
– Arial (Medium, Italic, Bold, Bold Italic)  
– Times new Roman (Medium, Italic, Bold, Bold Italic)  
– Symbol (Medium)  
– Wingdings (Medium)  
• PCL fonts: Bitmap  
– Line Printer (16.67 pitch / 8.5 point medium)  
NOTE: The resident fonts are used for PostScript and PCL  
printing.  
System Overview Guide  
2-9  
 
Printer controller overview  
2-10  
System Overview Guide  
3. Printer components and options  
The printer processes the electronic data and images received  
from the controller and produces the printed output. This chapter  
describes the components and options available for the printer.  
Printer components  
The NPS/IPS printers contain the xerographic engine, two  
standard feeder trays, a sample tray, the printer console, and one  
of three possible output configurations: the dual stacker, the dual  
stacker with bypass transport, or the stitcher/stacker.  
1
2
3
4
6
5
Figure 3-1. 4850/4890/92C NPS/IPS printer  
1. Printer console  
2. Sample tray  
3. Stacker tray 1  
4. Stacker tray 2  
System Overview Guide  
3-1  
   
Printer components and options  
5. Feeder tray 1  
6. Feeder tray 2  
Printer console  
The printer console contains message and graphic displays, an  
attention light, and Information, Stop, and Continue buttons.  
Indicator lights show which feeder tray is active and the paper  
size in use.  
Sample tray  
This output tray is used for sample prints, rejected prints, and  
transparencies. The capacity of the sample tray is 100 sheets of  
20-pound or 80-grams per square meter (gsm) paper.  
Dual stacker trays  
Each output stacker tray has a capacity of 750 sheets of 20-  
1 and 2 pound or 80-gsm paper (1,500 sheets total capacity). The  
alternatives to the dual stacker configuration are the stitcher/  
stacker or bypass transport option.  
Feeder tray 1 The capacity of tray 1 is 1,000 sheets of 20-pound or 80-gsm  
paper.  
Feeder tray 2 The capacity of tray 2 is 500 sheets of 20-pound or 80-gsm  
paper. Except for capacity, this tray is identical to tray 1.  
Printer console  
The printer console contains message and graphic displays, as  
well as attention and status indicator lights that alert you to  
printer conditions. The indicators and the Information button help  
you to solve printer problems. The Stop and Continue buttons  
give you temporary control of the printer without interrupting  
input processing.  
NOTE: The 4850/4890/92C does not provide sample prints  
while a job is running, therefore, the Sample Print button has no  
effect on the operation.  
3-2  
System Overview Guide  
           
Printer components and options  
1
2
3
11  
10  
9
8
4
5
6
7
Figure 3-2. Printer console  
1. Attention light  
2. Message display  
3. Graphic display  
4. Wire percentage indicator  
5. Feeder tray indicators  
6. Power on/off switch  
7. Sample button (not used)  
8. Continue button  
9. Stop button  
10.Fault code display  
11.Information button  
Attention light The yellow attention light glows whenever the system detects an  
actual or potential problem. When the attention light starts  
flashing, an explanatory message appears on the printer console  
display. A similar error or warning message appears on the user  
interface of the printer controller.  
• When the light is flashing, you should act immediately to  
remedy situations. Typical problems are a paper jam or a full  
waste container that have caused the printer to stop.  
System Overview Guide  
3-3  
 
Printer components and options  
• When the light glows steadily, act soon to avoid a cycle-down.  
A steady glow typically indicates that paper or dry ink is low.  
Message display Printer status and simple operating and maintenance  
instructions are shown in a two-line message. One of the  
following icons indicates the printer mode:  
Printer Mode  
Black  
Highlight  
Also in the lower panel, the dry ink color currently loaded is  
shown.  
Graphic display The graphic display shows a specific area of the printer requiring  
attention. The graphics help you locate the problem.  
Icon display  
The icon display is located in a rectangle below the graphic  
display. The printer mode is indicated by the words that are  
lighted--Black or Highlight (color). The printer indicates the color  
of ink loaded in the printer by lighting one of the icons on the  
right (red, blue, green, or “other”).  
Black  
Printer Mode  
Highlight  
Wire percentage If your printer has a stitcher/stacker, it displays the percentage of  
indicator  
stitcher wire remaining on the spool.  
Feeder tray  
indicators  
These lights indicate the selected feeder tray or trays and the  
size of paper loaded in each tray.  
3-4  
System Overview Guide  
   
Printer components and options  
Power on/off This switch controls power to the printer and is used primarily by  
switch service representatives.  
Sample button The sample feature is not used.  
Continue button The Continue button resumes printing when it is pressed.  
While it is formatting a complex page, the printer controller may  
cycle down the printer if the page image is not available within a  
certain amount of time. If this occurs, the following message  
appears:  
Press <CONTINUE> to resume printing  
You can ignore this message. As soon as the page image is  
available, the printer controller cycles up the printer and printing  
automatically resumes.  
Stop button Pressing the Stop button halts printing.  
Fault code display  
When enabled by a service representative, shows the number of  
completed prints and printer fault codes. When a fault code  
displays here, the corresponding message appears in the  
message display.  
Information button When “i” appears on the message display, you can press this  
button for additional information on printer operation. You can  
press the button repeatedly for more information as long as “i”  
appears.  
Sample tray  
This output tray receives sample prints of system files, rejected  
prints, and transparencies. The capacity of the sample tray is  
100 sheets of 20-pound or 80 gsm bond. There is no tray full  
sensor, therefore, empty this tray regularly to avoid paper jams.  
Dual stacker trays  
Each output stacker tray has a capacity of 750 sheets of 20-  
1 and 2 pound or 80 gsm bond (1500 sheets total capacity). An alternate  
to the dual stacker configuration is the stitcher/stacker.  
Feeder trays The standard configuration contains two feeder trays with the  
following capacities (based on 20-pound or 80 gsm bond):  
Tray 1: 1000 sheets  
Tray 2: 500 sheets. (Except for capacity, this tray is identical  
to tray 1.)  
System Overview Guide  
3-5  
           
Printer components and options  
Additional printer features  
Additional features of the NPS/IPS include the following:  
Instruction labels  
Power savers  
Located throughout the printer to assist you with a variety of  
tasks.  
To conserve energy, the printer has two power savers: one for the  
raster output scanner (ROS) and one for the fuser.  
After a predetermined period, each of these parts times out and  
shuts down. The time-out period can be adjusted by a service  
representative to meet your needs. The printer console  
automatically brings the printer out of power saver mode when  
there is a document to be printed.  
• The ROS power saver times out after about an hour of  
inactivity and requires about 30 seconds to warm up.  
• The fuser power saver times out after about four hours and  
requires four to seven minutes to warm up.  
Language button Systems with the dual language option have this button to select  
a message display that shows a different language, such as  
French instead of English.  
Figure 3-3. Language button on printer console  
3-6  
System Overview Guide  
       
Printer components and options  
CCU changeout The cart is used to remove and install the customer changeable  
cart unit (CCU). The CCU consists of the color developer housing  
and the dry ink bottle. Because the CCU is heavy, the user will  
need the cart to make the change.  
The carts also serve as storage devices for the CCUs that are  
not currently in use. For example, if you use both the red and  
blue dry inks in your operation, one CCU is always out of the  
machine in storage on the cart while the other CCU is installed.  
Figure 3-4. CCU on cart  
NOTE: You should have a cart for each CCU so that a cart is  
always available to remove the CCU that is installed in the  
system. You may not need a cart for each CCU if only one color  
is used or if there is more than one color printer at your site.  
Consult your site representative for more details.  
Printer configurations  
The NPS/IPS may be configured with a high-capacity feeder, a  
dual stacker, a wire stitcher/stacker, or a bypass transport with a  
dual stacker.  
System Overview Guide  
3-7  
   
Printer components and options  
High-capacity feeder  
The high-capacity feeder (HCF) provides two additional feeder  
trays. The extra trays work interchangeably with feeder trays 1  
and 2 to allow automatic tray switching and uninterrupted printing  
time.  
1
3
2
Figure 3-5. 4850/4890/92C NPS/IPS with high-capacity feeder  
1. High-capacity feeder unit  
2. Feeder tray 3  
3. Feeder tray 4  
Tray capacities  
Paper sizes  
Each high-capacity feeder tray holds 1000 sheets of 20-pound or  
80 gsm bond.  
Both high-capacity feeder trays handle paper sizes from 8 by 10  
inches / 203 by 254 mm to 8.5 by 14 inches / 216 by 352 mm.  
This range includes international paper size A4 (8.27 by 11.16  
inches / 210 by 297 mm).  
3-8  
System Overview Guide  
   
Printer components and options  
Dual stacker  
The dual stacker contains two identical output trays. Output can  
be sent to either of these trays or both of these trays.  
NOTE: A dual stacker is required on the NPS/IPS for installation  
of the bypass transport.  
1
2
3
Figure 3-6. 4850/4890/92C NPS/IPS printer with dual stacker  
1. Sample tray (top tray)  
2. Stacker tray 1  
3. Stacker tray 2  
Sample tray  
Used for sample prints, rejected prints, and transparencies.  
Holds up to 100 sheets of 20-pound or 80 gsm bond.  
Stacker tray 1 Holds up to 750 sheets of 20-pound or 80 gsm bond.  
Stacker tray 2 Holds up to 750 sheets of 20-pound or 80 gsm bond.  
System Overview Guide  
3-9  
   
Printer components and options  
Stitcher/stacker  
The stitcher/stacker inserts wire-stitches (staples) into  
documents.  
1
2
Figure 3-7. 4850/4890/92C NPS/IPS printer with stitcher/  
stacker  
1. Sample tray  
2. Stitcher/stacker tray  
Sample tray  
Used for sample prints, rejected prints, and transparencies.  
Holds up to 100 sheets of 20-pound or 80 gsm bond.  
Stitcher/stacker Used for output that is stitched (stapled) and/or offset. The tray  
tray  
holds up to 2000 sheets of unstitched 20-pound or 80 gsm bond,  
or an equally high stack of stitched sets (200 two-sheet sets). A  
stitched set consists of up to 50 sheets of 20-pound or 80 gsm  
bond. The wire supply provides up to 32000 staples.  
NOTE: Mixed paper sizes are not supported for stitching. If your  
system has a stitcher/stacker, the printer cycles down when it  
detects any specification for stitching different-sized papers.  
3-10  
System Overview Guide  
   
Printer components and options  
Bypass transport (4850 and 4890 only)  
The optional bypass transport enables individual printed sheets  
of paper to pass through the NPS/IPS output tray to third-party  
finishing devices. These devices perform a variety of finishing  
tasks, such as saddle-stitching, binding, folding, stapling,  
trimming, and stacking.  
The bypass transport fits into tray 1 of the NPS/IPS dual stacker.  
Printed pages flow from left to right (when viewed from the front  
of the printer). The printed pages travel through the NPS/IPS  
output module and bypass transport, out of the paper exit slot,  
and into the finishing device. For paper up to 14 inches long, the  
maximum delivery rate is 92 sheets per minute.  
1
2
Figure 3-8. 4890/92C printer with bypass transport and dual  
stacker  
1. Bypass transport  
2. Bypass transport support  
3-11  
System Overview Guide  
   
Printer components and options  
Software, firmware, hardware, and paper requirements  
The optional bypass transport requires the following:  
• Dual stacker output module  
• Standard white, colored, predrilled, or preprinted paper.  
To minimize paper jams and misfeeds, use 20 pound or 80  
gsm (grams per square meter) bond xerographic grade.  
Xerox 4024 Dual Purpose Paper and Xerox 10 Series Dual  
Purpose paper are optimal. Use paper with less than 6%  
moisture content so that the paper will not curl and jam.  
NOTE: The time between sheets exiting the bypass transport for  
8.5 by 11-inch / 216 by 279 mm paper, A4 paper, and 8.5 by 14-  
inch / 216 by 352 mm paper is 492 milliseconds in simplex mode  
and 1052 milliseconds in duplex mode. All times are measured  
between the trail edge of the exiting sheet and the lead edge of  
the next entering sheet.  
Operator tasks for the bypass transport  
To use the bypass transport and third-party finishing devices, you  
must perform several tasks:  
• Install and remove the bypass transport.  
• Set up DFA personality profiles to provide the NPS/IPS with  
information about each finishing device.  
• Prepare the finishing device hardware necessary to finish the  
printed output and inform the NPS/IPS of device names and  
parameters.  
• Enter appropriate commands at the printer controller to  
initiate finisher jobs.  
• Clear paper jams in the bypass transport.  
You learn how to install and remove the bypass transport and  
clear jams in the operator training that is provided by Xerox  
following installation of the bypass transport.  
In addition, you must know how to prepare the third-party  
finishing device to process printed output. Obtain this information  
from your third-party supplier.  
3-12  
System Overview Guide  
     
Printer components and options  
Profiles for third-party finishing devices  
When a bypass transport is connected to the NPS/IPS, you can  
add any number of third-party finishing devices.  
2
1
3
Figure 3-9. Third-party finishing device configuration  
1. Paper path  
2. Bypass transport  
3. Third-party finishing devices  
Each third-party device is identified by a specific personality  
profile. The personality profile contains information about the  
options available with the finishing device (for example, a  
booklet-making device that can produce both side-stitched and  
saddle-stitched booklets). It also specifies timing requirements,  
constraints, flags, and other parameters.  
You can create several personality profiles that correspond to  
different configurations of the finishing device. Refer to your  
Guide to Configuring and Managing the System for information  
on creating personality profiles.  
Mechanical interface  
To connect a third-party finishing device to the NPS/IPS bypass  
transport, you align the finishing device with the paper exit slot of  
the bypass transport, dock the finishing device, and establish an  
electrical interface between the two.  
Connecting the bypass transport to third-party finishing devices  
involves the following:  
3-13  
System Overview Guide  
     
Printer components and options  
Alignment: Your finishing device align at the correct height  
without interference from protruding features. To accomplish  
this, you must consider the feature locations and the vertical  
alignment.  
Paper exit: The finishing device must align with this exit slot.  
Printed sheets travel through the printer output module and  
bypass transport, out of the paper exit, and into the finishing  
device. The paper exit slot is 16.75 inches (425.45 mm) wide.  
Module mobility: Your finishing device must be easy to  
move so that you can align it precisely.  
The following figure illustrates the alignment and docking  
locations for the bypass transport on the printer (the bypass  
transport support is not shown).  
Figure 3-10. Alignment and docking locations (in  
millimeters)  
1. Sheet registration edge  
2. Sheet edge  
3. Vertical slot to accept 13 mm  
4. Floor  
5. 22 mm diameter docking zone  
6. Center line of docking features  
3-14  
System Overview Guide  
 
Printer components and options  
7. Sheet path  
8. Finishing device left edge  
Electrical connection  
The printer automatically detects the presence of the bypass  
transport and third-party finishing devices when it is powered up.  
The system also begins monitoring the interlocks (physical links)  
between the bypass transport and the finishing device. It then  
starts interface communications.  
After a sheet of paper passes through the bypass transport to  
the external finishing device, the printer loses all record of it.  
Communications between the printer with bypass transport and  
the finishing device consist of command and status signals.  
Command signals  
NPS/IPS can send three command signals to third-party  
finishing devices:  
Cycle up: The printer is powered up and signals the finishing  
device to power up  
Sheet exit: A sheet of paper has entered the finishing device  
End of set: The last sheet of a print job set has been sent  
Status signals  
The third-party finishing device can send five status signals to  
the NPS/IPS:  
Sheet delivered: A sheet of paper has been successfully  
delivered to the finishing device.  
Set delivered: A print job set has been successfully  
delivered to the finishing device.  
Offline: The finishing device has no power or is not  
connected to the NPS/IPS.  
Full: The finishing device is full and cannot accept more  
sheets.  
Faulted: The finishing device is jammed or faulted and is not  
ready to accept sheets of paper  
3-15  
System Overview Guide  
       
Printer components and options  
Paper paths  
The paper path is the route that stocks (paper, transparencies,  
labels, and so on) follow through the printer from the feeder trays  
to the output trays.  
The figure below illustrates the simplex (one-sided output) paper  
path of a printer with a dual stacker tray and a standard feeder  
tray. The materials move from either feeder tray 1 or feeder tray 2  
and are stacked in either stacker tray 1, stacker tray 2, or the  
sample tray, depending on your selection at the beginning of the  
job.  
Figure 3-11. Simplex paper path (dual stacker configuration)  
3-16  
System Overview Guide  
     
Printer components and options  
The following figure illustrates the duplex (two-sided output)  
paper path of a printer with a dual stacker and a standard feeder.  
Materials may originate in either feeder tray 1 or feeder tray 2.  
The duplex paper tray receives the materials before they go  
through a second time to receive the second image. As the  
pages move through for the second image, they follow the  
simplex path. The pages are then stacked in either stacker tray 1  
or stacker tray 2, depending on your selection at the beginning of  
the job.  
Figure 3-12. Duplex paper path (dual stacker configuration)  
When you add a high-capacity feeder to your system, only the  
beginning of the paper path changes, which is the source of  
paper supply.  
3-17  
System Overview Guide  
 
Printer components and options  
The following figure illustrates the simplex paper path of a printer  
with the high-capacity feeder.  
Figure 3-13. Simplex paper path (printer with high-capacity  
feeder)  
If you have the stitcher/stacker option, the paper path is the  
same, except there is only one tray for the output (other than the  
sample tray).  
3-18  
System Overview Guide  
4. Network printing environment  
The NPS/IPS system supports the personal computer (PC), Sun  
workstation, DEC workstation, HP/Apollo, IBM RS/6000 and  
Apple Macintosh. It accepts PostScript levels 1 and 2, PCL 5,  
TIFF, and ASCII output.  
Client workstations and system software  
To send print jobs to the printer, the customer needs to provide  
the proper client hardware, operating system, and network  
software.  
Print data originates at the client workstation, mainframe or  
minicomputer. This is where a user creates and formats  
documents according to specifications with the help of  
application software. The printer supports the following types of  
networked client workstations and operating systems:  
• Sun workstation running a Sun or Linux operating system  
• PC running MS-DOS 6.2 and Microsoft Windows 95, 98, NT,  
4.0, 2000, and ME using Ethernet with TCP/IP or Novell  
NetWare 3.11 and 3.12.  
NOTE: Customers using Novell 4.1 must set the “Bindery  
Emulation Mode” to be backwards compatible with Novell 3.11  
and 3.12.  
• IBM RS/6000 running IBM AIX, version 4.1  
• HP/Apollo running HP-UX, version 10.01  
• DECStation 5000/200 running DEC Ultrix, version 4.3  
• Apple Macintosh, System 7, 7.5, or 8.x, using AppleTalk  
through EtherTalk, phase 1 or 2  
• Any system that supports RFC-1179 lpr/lpd.  
The software may be compatible with workstation models and  
software versions other than those listed above.  
System Overview Guide  
4-1  
       
Network printing environment  
Client software  
On your PC or workstation, you must install or set up a  
supported means of submitting jobs to the printer. Depending on  
your system, you can use the following:  
• Xerox drivers for Windows 3.x, 95/98, or NT/2000  
• Xerox Document Submission Software for DOS, Windows  
3.x, 95/98, NT/2000, or Macintosh  
• Third-party drivers  
– Some PostScript drivers can be used in conjunction with  
Xerox-supplied PPD files  
– HP Color LaserJet for PCL 5c jobs  
– HP LaserJet 4 for monochrome jobs  
• Third-party TCP/IP lpd utility  
• Apple/Macintosh Printer Access Protocol (PAP)  
NOTE: The printing options vary according to the network  
software that is loaded on the client workstation.  
Submitting print jobs  
There are basically two ways you can submit print jobs: You can  
send print data directly from the application to the printer; or you  
can create a PDL data file on the workstation and then send the  
data file to the printer. The method you choose depends on the  
workstation configuration and the job submission requirements.  
Sending the print data directly from the application to the printer  
is accomplished with a Xerox print driver or a third-party driver.  
This method is sometimes referred to as “transparent printing.” It  
may not support all available print options, such as number of  
copies, simplex or duplex printing, and stitching.  
The other way to submit print jobs to the printer is by creating a  
PDL data file. After the file is created, the user closes the  
document and submits the job using one of the following  
methods:  
lpr command: Provides options for submitting print jobs. The  
functionality of the lpr command is dependent on the TCP/IP  
software installed on the workstation.  
4-2  
System Overview Guide  
     
Network printing environment  
Xerox Client Software: Provides a print command for  
submitting jobs and specifying print options. The functionality  
of the print command is dependent on the TCP/IP software  
installed on the workstation.  
Xerox DocuPrint Document Submission Client software  
for the Macintosh: Provides a graphical user interface for  
submitting jobs and specifying print options.  
Xerox DocuPrint Print Submission software for Windows  
3.x, Windows 95/98, Windows NT, and Windows 2000:  
Provides graphical user interfaces for submitting jobs and  
specifying print options.  
Internet Printing Protocol for Windows 2000: Allows job  
submission over the Internet.  
In many cases, the workstation can be set up for more than one  
method of job submission.  
The application software provides the capability to print the  
document using a page description language (PDL). The  
application produces print data in one of the supported page  
description language formats, for example PostScript level 2.  
Communicating with the network  
After the print data has been prepared for printing and combined  
with print options data—either by the application software or by a  
print job submission utility—the print job is sent over the network.  
The printer supports TCP/IP, AppleTalk, and Novell NetWare  
network communications protocols.  
Client workstations require a network software utility that submits  
the job using the appropriate network protocol. This software  
must be installed and running for jobs to be submitted  
successfully to the printer. Once this software is installed, its  
operation is transparent to the user.  
The Macintosh uses Printer Access Protocol (PAP) to  
communicate with one or more DocuPrint printers. For  
convenience, your internet may be divided into zones. A zone  
can be any logical grouping of individual workstations and  
printers. Your network administrator defines your zone when  
setting up the network.  
System Overview Guide  
4-3  
     
Network printing environment  
Shown below are the workstations, networking options, and job  
submission methods available for each client.  
Table 4-1. Clients  
Client  
Protocol;  
workstation  
hardware  
Operating  
system  
Ethernet  
connection  
Translation  
requirements  
Job submission  
method  
Sun  
Microsystems  
Solaris  
SunOS  
Standard  
TCP/IP;  
none  
Print using the lpr  
command or Xerox  
Client Software.  
IBM PC and  
compatible  
MS-DOS  
Optional  
Ethernet  
interface card  
(for example,  
3Com 3C503)  
TCP/IP;  
network  
Print to disk file, then  
send using the lpr  
command or Xerox  
communication  
utility recommended Client Software.  
IBM PC and  
compatible  
Windows 3.1  
Optional  
Ethernet  
interface  
TCP/IP or Novell  
Netware 3.1x;  
network  
Print directly from  
application or use Xerox  
DocuPrint Print  
communication  
Submission software for  
utility recommended Windows.  
with TCP/IP  
IBM PC and  
compatible  
Windows 95/  
98  
Optional  
Ethernet  
interface  
TCP/IP or Novell  
Netware 3.1x;  
network  
Print directly from  
application or use Xerox  
DocuPrint Print  
communication  
Submission software for  
utility recommended Windows.  
with TCP/IP  
IBM PC and  
compatible  
Windows NT  
Optional  
Ethernet  
interface  
TCP/IP or Novell  
Netware 3.1x;  
network  
Print directly from  
application or use Xerox  
DocuPrint Print  
communication  
Submission software for  
utility recommended Windows.  
with TCP/IP  
IBM PC and  
compatible  
Windows  
2000  
Optional  
Ethernet  
interface  
TCP/IP or Novell  
Netware 3.1x;  
network  
Print directly from  
application or use Xerox  
DocuPrint Print  
communication  
Submission software for  
utility recommended Windows, or the Internet  
with TCP/IP  
Printing Protocol (IPP)  
Digital  
ULTRIX  
Optional  
Ethernet  
interface  
TCP/IP;  
none  
Print directly from  
Equipment  
Corporation  
DECstation  
application, or use the  
lpr command or Xerox  
Client Software.  
4-4  
System Overview Guide  
     
Network printing environment  
Table 4-1. Clients (Continued)  
Client  
Protocol;  
workstation  
hardware  
Operating  
system  
Ethernet  
connection  
Translation  
requirements  
Job submission  
method  
Apple  
Macintosh  
Apple OS  
Optional  
Ethernet  
interface  
AppleTalk using  
EtherTalk Phase I or application or use Xerox  
II; none  
Print directly from  
DocuPrint Print  
Submission Client  
software for the  
Macintosh.  
IBM RS/6000  
HP/Apollo  
IBM AIX  
HP-UX  
Standard  
Standard  
TCP/IP;  
none  
Print using Xerox Client  
Software.  
TCP/IP;  
none  
Print using Xerox Client  
Software.  
Job status feedback  
Client workstations display fault messages and additional  
information, such as the status of feeder trays and output bins. If  
properly configured, the workstations may be able to display job  
status, as shown below.  
Table 4-2. Job status feedback  
Platform  
Job status capability  
Sun workstation  
Job status and job deletion are available by issuing the appropriate  
command at the command line.  
Job status information is available for jobs submitted using Xerox Client  
Software.  
IBM and compatible  
personal computers  
Job status and job deletion are available depending on the TCP/IP  
software installed on the workstation. You must issue the appropriate  
command at the command line.  
Job status information is available for jobs submitted using Xerox Client  
Software.  
Job status information is available using the Novell PCONSOLE utility if  
the printer is configured with a RPRINTER or PSERVER enabled.  
Apple Macintosh  
Job status information is available at the workstation through AppleTalk.  
IBM RS/6000 and HP/  
Apollo  
Job status information is available for jobs submitted using Xerox Client  
Software or Ipstat (native utility).  
To determine the status of jobs submitted using the lpr  
command, you must issue an lpq command at the command line.  
Some application software packages may provide a simplified  
means of obtaining job status, such as through the use of icons.  
System Overview Guide  
4-5  
         
Network printing environment  
The job status command (lpq) is available at client workstations  
unless your TCP/IP network communications utilities do not  
support it.  
Xerox Client Software provides commands for listing the status  
of the job and for listing the queue. These commands are  
available for jobs submitted using Xerox Client Software.  
AppleTalk provides job status information at the client  
workstation through the print monitor function. Workstation users  
can also determine the status of a virtual printer.  
NOTE: Job status is also available by establishing a telnet  
connection to the Printer Controller to access the user interface  
from your workstation. Printer and additional status information is  
also available. You can also use a Web browser to obtain job  
status. See the Guide to Configuring and Managing the System  
for more information.  
Ethernet LAN  
Users of networked client workstations may send print jobs to the  
printer over the Ethernet LAN using either the TCP/IP, AppleTalk  
using EtherTalk Link Access Protocol (ELAP), or Novell NetWare  
as the network protocol.  
Regardless of printing or transmission protocol, the Ethernet  
connection to the Printer Controller must be compatible with the  
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.3  
standard.  
Token Ring  
Users of networked client workstations may send print jobs to the  
printer over a Token Ring network using TCP/IP, Novell NetWare  
or AppleTalk network protocol.  
Regardless of the printing transmission protocol, the Token Ring  
connection to the Printer Controller must be compatible with the  
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.5  
standard.  
4-6  
System Overview Guide  
           
Network printing environment  
Multiple network connectivity  
The system supports multiple network connectivity, that is, the  
ability for protocols such as TCP/IP to run on more than one  
network interface. For TCP/IP, the system can support any  
combination of Ethernet or Token Ring. One interface is  
designated as the primary network interface. Novell NetWare  
can run on only the primary network interface, but the type of  
interface can be selected.  
AppleTalk can run on only one network interface, but it does not  
have to be the primary one.  
System Overview Guide  
4-7  
   
Network printing environment  
4-8  
System Overview Guide  
5. IPDS printing environment  
The NPS/IPS emulates an IBM AFP Group 3 page printer with  
the Advanced Function Image and Graphics (AFIG) option. It can  
print in all the following PSF environments: MVS, VM (channel-  
attached only), VSE (channel-attached only, OS/2, OS/400 (with  
TCP/IP only), and AIX.  
NOTE: Although PSF/VSE does not support TCP/IP directly, a  
printing system with PSF/2, PSF/6000, or IBM InfoPrint Manager  
can attach to a PSF/VSE system and the PSF/2, PSF/6000, or  
IBM InfoPrint Manager can furnish the TCP/IP support for the  
printer.  
Host connectivity  
Host environments  
The system emulates an IBM AFP Group 3 page printer with the  
Advanced Function Image and Graphics (AFIG) option and can  
print in all the following PSF environments:  
• MVS  
• VM (channel-attached only)  
• VSE (channel-attached only)  
• OS/2  
• OS/400 (with TCP/IP only)  
• AIX  
NOTE: Although PSF/VSE does not support TCP/IP directly, a  
printing system with PSF/2, PSF/6000, or InfoPrint Manager can  
attach to a PSF/VSE system and the PSF/2, PSF/6000, or  
InfoPrint Manager can furnish the TCP/IP support for the printer.  
NOTE: There is no minimum host operating system software  
level required. The minimum PSF level needed to support full  
color is v.3.2.  
System Overview Guide  
5-1  
           
IPDS printing environment  
The NPS/IPS can be set up to receive data from the IBM host in  
one of two ways:  
• Through a bus and tag channel connection.  
NOTE: If your system will be channel-attached, the printer  
controller requires an additional component—either a  
channel interface board and channel cable connector box, or  
a Host Channel Unit (HCU) that serves as an interface  
between the IBM host and the printer controller.  
• Through a Token Ring or Ethernet interface using TCP/IP.  
NOTE: Your system supports only one other connectivity  
option in addition to Ethernet. For example, Ethernet and  
channel connection or Ethernet and Token Ring.  
NOTE: A transmission rate of at least 16 megabits per  
second should be used with a Token Ring interface. (Overall  
performance depends on network traffic and job density.)  
1
IBM  
Host  
7
4
2
6
5
3
Figure 5-1. Printing system: channel-attached configuration  
1. Host system (PC or mainframe)  
2. Printer  
3. Printer interface cables  
4. Printer controller  
5. Internal channel cable  
6. Host Channel Unit (HCU)  
7. Bus and tag cables  
5-2  
System Overview Guide  
         
IPDS printing environment  
Figure 5-2. Printing system: TCP/IP configuration  
1. Host system (PC or mainframe)  
2. Interface network (Ethernet or Token Ring)  
3. Printer controller  
4. Printer interface cables  
5. Printer  
For information on the various printer configuration options, refer  
to the “Printer components and options” chapter of this guide.  
Channel interface —channel-attached systems only  
Your system may use a channel interface board and connector  
box for channel connection to a host for IPDS printing. The  
channel interface board, connected to a channel cable connector  
box, handles all IPDS communications and handshaking with  
PSF on the host when the NPS/IPS is receiving data over a  
channel. (It is not used when the NPS/IPS is printing data using  
TCP/IP.)  
System Overview Guide  
5-3  
   
IPDS printing environment  
Figure 5-3. Channel board and control unit  
1. Printer  
2. Printer control and video cable  
3. Printer controller with channel interface board  
4. Channel cable connector box  
5. Channel cables  
6. Host system  
NOTE: The customer is responsible for obtaining, stringing, and  
maintenance of the bus and tag cables. The bus and tag cables  
must be fully populated cable sets.  
Host Channel Unit (HCU)—channel-attached systems only  
Your system may use a Host Channel Unit (HCU) for channel  
connection to a host for IPDS printing.  
The HCU handles all IPDS communications and handshaking  
with PSF on the host when the system is receiving data over a  
channel. It is not used when the system is printing data using  
TCP/IP.  
5-4  
System Overview Guide  
   
IPDS printing environment  
Figure 5-4. Host Channel Unit (HCU)  
The front panel of the HCU provides a single-digit LED display  
that enables you to monitor power-up and offline status, and  
alerts you to error conditions. (Refer to the Messages Guide for  
an explanation of the HCU codes.)  
The back panel of the HCU has a power switch and outlet, bus  
and tag cable input and bypass connectors, and a dual serial  
port.  
NOTE: The customer is responsible for obtaining, stringing, and  
maintenance of the bus and tag cables. The bus and tag cables  
must be fully populated cable sets.  
IPDS data stream  
All IPDS resources (print data sets, page definitions, form  
definitions, page segments, fonts, and overlays) that are  
supported by the IBM 3825 and 3827 printers are supported by  
the Xerox software. Additionally, the data towers that are  
supported within the AFP environment by the IBM 3825 and IBM  
3827 printers are fully supported by the software. Data towers  
supported are:  
IM Image IMD1  
FOCA: Font Object Content Architecture  
MO:DCA-P: Mixed Object Document Content Architecture for  
Presentation  
PTOCA PT1, PT2, and PT3: Presentation Text Object  
Content Architecture  
IOCA: Image Object Content Architecture  
GOCA: Graphics Object Content Architecture  
BCOCA: Bar code Object Content Architecture  
System Overview Guide  
5-5  
           
IPDS printing environment  
OL1: Overlay One  
PS1: Page Segment One  
Line mode data streams  
Each of the data objects follow the same object rule of containing  
delimiting fields with structured fields describing each object.  
Software features for IPDS  
This section describes some of the software features for IPDS  
printing.  
IOCA Replicate and Trim  
The printer supports Replicate and Trim, which improves the  
processing of IM and IO images that contain large areas of  
shaded graphics. (IM images are resolution-dependent images  
that cannot be compressed or scaled; IO images are resolution-  
independent.)  
The IOCA Replicate and Trim capability allows for faster  
transmission to the printer of AFP applications with IM images  
that have large or widespread shaded areas. It also reduces the  
storage area required on the host and on the printer.  
Trace facility  
To help diagnose problems, the system provides a trace  
mechanism. Trace files store system configuration information,  
maintain TCP/IP protocol headers, and time-stamp all records.  
For detailed information on this feature, refer to the “Using utility  
commands” chapter in the Guide to Configuring and Managing  
the System.  
Overstrike, underscore, subscript, and superscript  
Support for the PT2 Subset of PTOCA enables the printer to  
print overstrikes, underscores, subscripts, and superscripts  
where specified in jobs.  
5-6  
System Overview Guide  
                 
IPDS printing environment  
Color image support  
Some IM1 images (for example, logos) can be converted to  
IOCA for resolution correction. The bi-level IOCA feature enables  
such IM1 images to be printed in color on the highlight-color  
printer. PSF does not strip the color information from the print  
job.  
Also supported are JPEG compressed IOCA, as well as JPEG  
and EPS files in object containers.  
NOTE: Hosts may not support JPEG files in object containers.  
Background color for OCA colors  
Users can specify COLOR on DRAWBOX (i.e., background  
color) as long as the color is restricted to colors defined with the  
OCA model.  
Bi-level IOCA colors  
The printer accepts the new IOCA color spaces in the extended  
controls (referred to as the “4E” color triplets). These include the  
Highlight Color and Standard OCA Color.  
Outline font support  
The printer supports the use of IBM outline fonts for both single-  
byte and double-byte applications. These fonts must be  
downloaded during the jobs.  
These outline fonts allow users to specify a single font that can  
be rasterized in a variety of point sizes by the printer. The IBM  
outline fonts are based on Adobe type 1 and type 0 fonts that are  
in PostScript format.  
System Overview Guide  
5-7  
             
IPDS printing environment  
5-8  
System Overview Guide  
A. Supplies  
This appendix provides information and specifications for the  
media you use with your Xerox DocuPrint 4850/4890/92C NPS/  
IPS printer. Instructions for ordering supplies are also provided.  
Consumable supplies (those that are depleted during operation  
of the system), such as paper, dry ink, developer, fuser agent,  
etc., must be ordered for your printer. It is important that an  
adequate supply of these items be on hand for installation, and  
that your supply be maintained afterwards.  
Paper and other throughput stocks  
The success of any print run is greatly dependent on the proper  
selection, care, and handling of the stock used.  
Selecting paper  
You need to select your paper carefully. If you do not use the  
proper paper, you increase the probability of paper jams and  
misfeeds. The stocks you use must meet the specifications set  
forth by Xerox for operability in the printer. For additional  
information about paper specifications, refer to Helpful Facts  
about Paper, delivered with your printer.  
Acceptable paper Your 4850/4890/92C printer accepts the following standard size  
stocks and sizes cut-sheet papers:  
• US Letter: 8.5 by 11 inches / 216 by 279 mm  
• US Legal: 8.5 by 14 inches / 216 by 356 mm  
• A4: 8.27 by 11.69 inches / 210 by 297 mm  
System Overview Guide  
A-1  
         
Supplies  
Recommended Use a good quality, xerographic-grade paper. For best results,  
weight and grade  
use paper that is 20-pound or 80 gsm (grams per square meter)  
bond, xerographic grade. Xerox 4024 Dual Purpose Paper  
provides optimal performance in the printer. Refer to the  
consumable supplies table, later in this appendix.  
Use paper within these parameters:  
• Lightest: 20-pound or 80 gsm bond  
• Heaviest: 110-pound or 200 gsm index.  
Characteristics  
The paper stock should have the following characteristics:  
• Low moisture content (a paper-to-moisture ratio below 5.7  
percent). Paper with higher moisture content may curl and  
jam.  
• Smooth surface  
• Moisture-resistant wrapping  
• No defects (bent edges, uneven surfaces)  
• Grain long (parallel with the long side of paper).  
Paper is usually fed into the printer with the long side as the  
leading edge. When you purchase paper, buy long-grain  
paper. Make sure the grain is parallel with the long side (long-  
grain) for the most reliable feeding and stacking.  
Special stocks Following are some guidelines for choosing and using special  
materials:  
Labels: Must be the type designed for high-speed printers  
and must meet the specifications described in the section  
above. Loading instructions are printed on all paper trays.  
Load labels with the label side up. You can direct them to any  
output tray.  
Transparencies: Must be the type designed for high-speed  
printers and must meet the specifications described in the  
section above. Loading instructions are printed on all paper  
trays.  
Load transparencies with the opaque strip to the right. All  
printed transparencies are delivered to the sample tray.  
As long as they meet your printer’s paper specifications, you  
can also use:  
A-2  
System Overview Guide  
     
Supplies  
Tinted paper: Available in a variety of colors, it has many  
uses, including calling attention to certain printed material,  
separating special sections, or dividing chapters of a report.  
Preprinted paper: May be letterhead, forms, or logos.  
Predrilled paper: Has a varying number of holes for use in  
binders or binder rings. Before loading predrilled paper, fan it  
to remove loose plugs that could cause paper jams. Load  
predrilled paper in the printer with holes to the right.  
Perforated paper  
Paper care  
Once you have purchased your paper, you must be sure it is  
stored and conditioned properly, so that it performs optimally in  
the printer with a minimum of jams.  
Storing paper  
Paper has a tendency to curl under the heat that is present  
inside xerographic equipment. To minimize the amount of curling,  
use paper with low moisture content. Paper with excessive  
moisture content has a tendency to jam because of the greater  
curl. The maximum recommended moisture content is 5.7  
percent.  
Keep these points in mind when preparing your paper storage  
area:  
• Store paper in its own wrapper; do not leave it unwrapped or  
where it can be damaged by dampness or heat.  
• Store paper on a flat surface and not on its side or edge.  
• Store reams of paper in a closed cabinet.  
• Always store paper in a cool, dry area. Store on pallets or  
shelves, not on the floor.  
• Plan ahead and keep at least a day’s supply of paper in the  
same area as the printer to allow environmental stabilization  
prior to printing.  
For more detailed information on paper for Xerox printers, refer  
to Helpful Facts about Paper, provided with your printer.  
System Overview Guide  
A-3  
               
Supplies  
Figure A-1. Storing paper correctly  
Figure A-2. Recommended temperature and humidity for  
paper storage  
Conditioning Because temperature and humidity affect paper performance in  
paper  
the printer, you need to condition paper before using it. To do  
this, store paper for a specified length of time in the same type of  
environment as your printer.  
A-4  
System Overview Guide  
 
Supplies  
The length of time you should condition your paper depends on  
the amount of paper and the difference between the storage and  
operating temperatures.  
Use the following chart to determine the length of time needed to  
condition stacked cartons of paper.  
NOTE: The numbers in the top two rows indicate the  
temperature difference between the storage area and the  
operating environment, not actual room temperatures.  
Table A-1. Paper conditioning: Recommended  
temperature differences between storage and operating  
areas  
Temperature differences between storage and  
operating areas  
Fahrenheit  
10o  
15o  
20o  
11o  
25o  
13o  
30o  
17o  
40o  
22o  
50o  
28o  
Centigrade  
5.5o  
8.5o  
Cartons Hours  
1
4
5
8
11  
12  
18  
23  
26  
14  
15  
22  
28  
32  
17  
18  
27  
35  
38  
24  
25  
38  
48  
54  
34  
35  
51  
67  
75  
5
9
10  
20  
40  
8
14  
16  
19  
11  
14  
Example: (See the shaded rows in the table above.) If you want  
to move ten cartons of paper from a storage area with a  
o
temperature of 90 F to an operating area with a temperature of  
o
o
75 F (a 15 difference), you should do so at least 14 hours  
before using the paper.  
Other supplies  
This section describes the supplies other than paper that are  
necessary for installation and afterward. Your sales  
representative will help you place your initial supply order.  
System Overview Guide  
A-5  
   
Supplies  
Dry ink  
Dry ink (also called toner) is the powder which forms the image  
on the printed page. There are six cartridges of black dry ink or  
three cartridges of colored dry ink in each carton. You should  
keep at least one extra cartridge on hand at all times. The  
disposable cartridges are easily changed with no mess. The  
consumption rate of Xerox dry ink is approximately one cartridge  
per 30,000 pages for black dry ink and 86,500 pages for colored  
dry ink. Use only dry ink that is specified for use in the DocuPrint  
4850/4890 printer, as described in the consumable supplies  
table.  
NOTE: Dry ink (toner) yields are based on 5% area coverage for  
black dry ink and 1.5% area coverage for colored dry ink. Your  
yield may vary, depending on coverage.  
Fuser lubricant  
Fuser lubricant is a consumable item required by the printer. You  
should keep at least two boxes on hand for installation by the  
service representative. The consumption rate of Xerox fuser  
lubricant is approximately one tube per 120,000 pages. For  
product information, refer to the consumable supplies table in  
this appendix.  
Developer  
Developer is not consumed by the printer but does have an  
effective life of approximately 300,000 pages per bottle,  
guaranteed by Xerox. Developer is a required item and must be  
kept on hand.  
Use only the developer specified for use in your 4850/4890/92C  
printer.  
For colored inks, use the color developer specified for each color  
in the following table:  
A-6  
System Overview Guide  
             
Supplies  
Table A-2. Developers for use with colored inks  
Ink color  
Black  
Use developer  
Black  
Part number  
502S63250  
502S63252  
Blue  
Blue  
Brown  
Cardinal  
Cyan  
Consult your Xerox representative.  
Red  
502S63251  
502S63992  
502S63253  
502S63993  
502S6325  
Cyan  
Green  
Magenta  
Red  
Green  
Magenta  
Red  
Royal  
Ruby  
Blue  
502S63252  
502S63993  
502S63993  
Magenta  
Magenta  
Violet  
The developer is changed by your service representative. For  
product information, refer to the consumable supplies table, later  
in this appendix.  
Stitcher wire  
Stitcher wire is a consumable item for a printer equipped with the  
stitcher/stacker option. You need to order stitcher wire reels and  
keep them on hand. They are installed by the service  
representative or operators who have completed the Advanced  
Customer Training (ACT) or eXcellerate courses offered by  
Xerox.  
Diskettes  
Diskettes are optional items that provide loading and backup of  
fonts, forms, and user files to and from the printing system. The  
processor accepts 3.5-inch, 1.44 MB, double-sided, high density  
diskettes.  
System Overview Guide  
A-7  
       
Supplies  
Tapes  
The optional 4 mm cartridge tape drive uses 5 GB or 8 GB tapes.  
The 1/4-inch QIC tape drive uses quarter-inch stream cartridge  
tapes. The tape data capacity should be 320/525 MB. Tape  
density is critical. The QIC drive can read low density tapes, but  
to write reliably requires tape with 21,000 Flux Transitions Per  
Inch (FTPI). The FTPI figure is usually listed on the cartridge.  
Fonts  
Data can be printed on DocuPrint printers in many sizes and  
type styles called fonts. A font is a character set which has  
unique characteristics, such as type style, size, weight,  
orientation (portrait, landscape, inverse portrait, and inverse  
landscape), character spacing (fixed and proportional), line  
spacing, and postures (Roman, italic, and so forth).  
There are three classifications of fonts:  
• Standard fonts  
• Licensed fonts  
• Custom fonts.  
Standard fonts  
A library of 51 fonts is provided with your printer’s operating  
system software.  
Licensed fonts Additional fonts may be ordered from your local Xerox Font  
Center.  
Custom fonts  
Custom fonts and graphic images such as company logos and  
signatures can be digitized by the Xerox Font Center for use on  
your printer.  
Receiving fonts  
Fonts are received on a diskette from your local Xerox Font  
Center.  
A-8  
System Overview Guide  
     
Supplies  
Consumable supplies tables  
A number of supplies are available from Xerox for your DocuPrint  
printer. Use the following tables to help determine your supply  
needs.  
NOTE: Customers in the U. S. may use the part numbers in  
these tables to order supplies. Customers outside the U. S.  
should contact their local service organization for part numbers.  
Paper and special stocks tables  
The following tables list all throughput stocks available for the  
DocuPrint 4850/4890/92C NPS/IPS printer, with size, order  
number, and a brief description for each.  
Table A-3. Stocks list for 4850/4890/92C printer  
Item  
Description  
Part number  
Paper  
Xerox paper quantities are 10 reams (5,000 sheets) to a carton  
unless otherwise noted below.  
8.5 x 11 inch  
A4  
4024 Dual Purpose Paper  
3R721  
4024 Dual Purpose Paper  
3R2594  
3R727  
8.5 x 14 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 14 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 14 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
*5/16-inch drilled holes  
4024 Dual Purpose Paper  
4024 Dual Purpose Paper, 3-hole  
4024 Dual Purpose Paper, 3-hole*  
4024 Dual Purpose Paper, 4-hole  
4024 Dual Purpose Paper, 4-hole*  
4024 Dual Purpose Paper, 7-hole  
4024 Dual Purpose Paper, 7-hole*  
4024 Smooth  
3R723  
3R2193  
3R1983  
3R3008  
3R1984  
3R3010  
3R2675  
3R2677  
3R3052  
3R3068  
3R3084  
3R3056  
4024 Smooth  
Dual Purpose Colors—Blue  
Dual Purpose Colors—Blue, 3-hole  
Dual Purpose Colors—Blue, 3-hole  
Dual Purpose Colors—Green  
** Rainbow pack contains 750 sheets each of blue and yellow, 500 sheets each of green  
and pink, and 250 sheets each of buff, gray, goldenrod, and ivory.  
System Overview Guide  
A-9  
       
Supplies  
Table A-3. Stocks list for 4850/4890/92C printer  
(Continued)  
Item  
Description  
Part number  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 14 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 14 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 14 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 14 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 14 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 14 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 14 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch**  
Dual Purpose Colors—Green, 3-hole  
Dual Purpose Colors—Green  
Dual Purpose Colors—Pink  
3R3072  
3R3088  
3R3058  
3R3074  
3R3090  
3R3054  
3R3070  
3R3086  
3R3060  
3R3076  
3R3092  
3R3062  
3R3078  
3R3094  
3R3064  
3R3080  
3R3096  
3R3066  
3R3802  
3R3098  
Dual Purpose Colors—Pink, 3-hole  
Dual Purpose Colors—Pink  
Dual Purpose Colors—Yellow  
Dual Purpose Colors—Yellow, 3-hole  
Dual Purpose Colors—Yellow  
Dual Purpose Colors—Buff  
Dual Purpose Colors—Buff, 3-hole  
Dual Purpose Colors—Buff  
Dual Purpose Colors—Goldenrod  
Dual Purpose Colors—Goldenrod, 3-hole  
Dual Purpose Colors—Goldenrod  
Dual Purpose Colors—Ivory  
Dual Purpose Colors—Ivory, 3-hole  
Dual Purpose Colors—Ivory  
Dual Purpose Colors—Gray  
Dual Purpose Colors—Gray, 3-hole  
Dual Purpose Colors—Gray  
Dual Purpose Colors, Rainbow Pack—35,000 3R3107  
sheets per carton**  
8.5 x 11 inches  
8.5 x 14 inches  
8.5 x 11 inches  
8.5 x 11 inch  
4200 Primary Image  
3R5802  
3R5804  
3R5803  
3R2950  
3R2952  
3R3016  
3R2954  
4200 Primary Image  
4200 Primary Image, 3-hole  
10 Series Dual Purpose Paper  
10 Series Dual Purpose Paper, 3-hole  
10 Series Dual Purpose Paper, 3-hole*  
10 Series Dual Purpose Paper  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 14 inch  
*5/16-inch drilled holes  
** Rainbow pack contains 750 sheets each of blue and yellow, 500 sheets each of green  
and pink, and 250 sheets each of buff, gray, goldenrod, and ivory.  
A-10  
System Overview Guide  
Supplies  
Table A-3. Stocks list for 4850/4890/92C printer  
(Continued)  
Item  
Description  
10 Series Smooth  
Part number  
3R54  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 14 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
Transparencies  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
10 Series Smooth  
3R83  
4024 Dual Purpose, reinforced 3-hole*  
3R2057  
Xerox transparencies are packaged 100 sheets to a box.  
Clear, with a white strip on the edge  
Clear, high speed, with paper backing  
3R2780  
3R3028  
Labels (Gummed) Xerox labels are packaged 100 sheets to a box.  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
33 labels per sheet  
6 labels per sheet  
Custom form (uncut)  
3R3139  
3R3146  
Contact Xerox  
Supplies Order  
Service  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
8.5 x 11 inch  
Cover stock  
8.5" x 11"  
1-up label  
1-up label  
1-up label  
3R4476  
3R4475  
3R4474  
Xerox cover stock is packaged 2,500 sheets per carton.  
65-pound, blue  
65-pound, white  
3R3044  
3R3041  
8.5" x 11"  
*5/16-inch drilled holes  
** Rainbow pack contains 750 sheets each of blue and yellow, 500 sheets each of green  
and pink, and 250 sheets each of buff, gray, goldenrod, and ivory.  
System Overview Guide  
A-11  
Supplies  
Complete supplies list—4850/4890/92C printer  
The following table lists the supplies in addition to paper that are  
available for your printer. Use this table to help you determine  
your supplies needs.  
Table A-4. Complete supplies list for  
DocuPrint 4850/4890/92C NPS/IPS  
Part  
number  
Items/  
carton  
Item  
Description  
Expected yield  
Developer  
material  
Packaged one container per carton. (Needs replacement only if current supply becomes  
contaminated.)  
Black developer  
502S63250 1/carton  
Red developer (also for cardinal ink) 502S63251 1/carton  
Blue developer (also for royal ink)  
Green developer  
Cyan developer  
Magenta developer (also for ruby  
and violet inks)  
502S63252 1/carton  
502S63253 1/carton  
502S63992 1/carton  
502S63993 1/carton  
For brown ink, ask your Xerox  
representative about the correct  
developer to use.  
Diskettes  
Dry ink  
3.5-inch, 1.44 MB, double-sided,  
high density diskettes. Packaged 10  
diskettes per box.  
8R7683  
10/box  
Colored dry ink is packaged three bottles per carton; black, six bottles per carton.  
Black dry ink  
6R296  
6R297  
6R754  
6R299  
6R755  
6R816  
6R826  
6R825  
6R828  
6R827  
6R842  
8R983  
6/carton  
3/carton  
3/carton  
3/carton  
3/carton  
3/carton  
3/carton  
3/carton  
3/carton  
3/carton  
3/carton  
2/carton  
180,000 prints/carton  
260,000 prints/carton  
260,000 prints/carton  
260,000 prints/carton  
260,000 prints/carton  
260,000 prints/carton  
260,000 prints/carton  
260,000 prints/carton  
260,000 prints/carton  
260,000 prints/carton  
260,000 prints/carton  
240,000 prints/carton  
Red dry ink  
Blue dry ink  
Green dry ink  
Cyan dry ink  
Magenta dry ink  
Royal blue dry ink  
Cardinal dry ink  
Violet dry ink  
Ruby dry ink  
Brown dry ink  
Fuser  
lubricant  
Packaged two tubes per carton.  
A-12  
System Overview Guide  
 
Supplies  
Table A-4. Complete supplies list for  
DocuPrint 4850/4890/92C NPS/IPS  
Part  
number  
Items/  
carton  
Item  
Description  
Expected yield  
Cartridge  
tapes  
4mm blank cartridge tape, 5GB  
4mm blank cartridge tape, 8GB  
9R01190  
109R00314  
Cartridge  
tape  
QIC blank (26-track) cartridge  
QIC tape drive head cleaning kit  
9R84168  
9R88432  
supplies  
Cleaning  
supplies  
4mm cartridge tape head cleaning  
kit  
Foam-tipped swabs  
Lint-free towels  
9R01189  
99P87256  
35P2163  
Waste  
containers  
Dry ink waste container  
(4850/4890/92C)  
93K1403  
93K850  
400,000/carton  
100,000/carton  
Developer waste container  
(4850/4890/92C)  
Stitcher  
wire  
Packaged one reel per box.  
8R1174  
One reel  
32,000 staples  
Ordering supplies  
To avoid unnecessary downtime, always have an adequate  
amount of the necessary supplies. To do this, you need to  
establish a procedure for checking and ordering supplies. A  
supplies checklist is provided at the end of this appendix to help  
you with this task. It lists the supplies needed for the printer and  
contains a column for you to enter the date when you want to  
place the order and a column to record the date of the actual  
order. The consumable supplies table, above, contains a list of  
Xerox supplies available for the printer.  
It is important that you check your supplies regularly and order  
before you run out. Plan on approximately five working days for  
delivery after placing the order. You can make arrangements to  
receive them sooner in emergency situations.  
Your Xerox sales representative can help you submit the initial  
order of supplies needed for installation. These items include  
paper, dry ink, fuser lubricant, and developer.  
System Overview Guide  
A-13  
         
Supplies  
Once your printer volume is established, planning ahead and  
buying Xerox supplies in quantity can save you money. Your  
Xerox supply specialists can help you. There are two centers  
available to assist you:  
To order Xerox paper, transparencies, labels, dry ink,  
developer, fuser lubricant, stitcher wire, cartridge tapes, and  
diskettes, call the Xerox Supply Center at 1-800-822-2200,  
weekdays between 7:30 a.m. and 6:00 p.m., Pacific time.  
If you prefer, you may mail orders to the following address:  
Xerox Corporation  
P. O. Box 25075  
Santa Ana, CA 92799-5075  
To order cleaning supplies, call the Xerox Customer Parts  
and Product Support Center at 1-800-828-5881, weekdays  
between 5:30 a.m. and 5:00 p.m., Pacific time, (U.S. only).  
You may also mail cleaning supply orders to the following  
address:  
Xerox Corporation  
Parts Marketing Center  
Building 214-07S  
P. O. Box 1020  
Webster, NY 14580  
Please provide the following information when placing orders:  
Your customer number (provided by your Xerox sales  
representative)  
Your printer model: 4850, 4890, or 92C  
Your supply order, including the following information:  
– Item name  
– Part number  
– Quantity desired  
– If your company requires a purchase order for payment of  
an invoice, you need to provide the purchase order  
number to Xerox at the time you place the order.  
A-14  
System Overview Guide  
     
Supplies  
The following table is a checklist you can use to keep track of the  
supplies you order.  
Table A-5. Supplies checklist for  
DocuPrint 4850/4890/92C NPS/IPS printer  
Supplies checklist  
Use this checklist to help record the supplies and accessories you need, the date you plan to  
place the order, and the actual date of the order.  
Date to  
Quantity order  
Date  
ordered  
Item  
Description and part number  
Paper  
Transparencies,  
labels, and special  
stocks  
Dry ink  
Fuser lubricant  
Diskettes  
Stitcher wire  
System Overview Guide  
A-15  
 
Supplies  
Table A-5. Supplies checklist for  
DocuPrint 4850/4890/92C NPS/IPS printer  
Supplies checklist  
Use this checklist to help record the supplies and accessories you need, the date you plan to  
place the order, and the actual date of the order.  
Date to  
Quantity order  
Date  
ordered  
Item  
Description and part number  
Cartridge tapes  
Cleaning supplies  
A-16  
System Overview Guide  
Index  
A
conditioning paper A-4A-5  
connections, Ethernet 4-44-5  
connectivity  
Adobe fonts 2-8  
Advanced Function Image and Graphics  
(AFIG) 5-1  
multiple 4-7  
AFP environment 5-5  
alignment, third-party finishing devices  
connectivity boards 2-5  
consumable supplies tables A-9A-13  
continue button 3-5  
attention light 3-3  
conventions xvi  
attributes, highlight color 1-8  
D
B
Data Control Interface Module (DCIM2)  
card 2-5  
data streams 5-1, 5-5  
developer A-6  
back panel, Sun workstations 2-4  
BCOCA (Bar code Object Content  
Architecture) 5-5  
bus and tag  
DFA 1-4  
channel connection 5-2  
bypass transport 1-4, 3-113-15  
diagnostic tools 1-5  
diskettes A-7  
Architecture, see DFA  
documentation xvii  
drives  
C
CCU changeout cart 3-7  
CE mark xi  
central processing unit 2-3, 2-6  
channel cable connector box 5-3  
channel interface board 5-3  
channel-attached  
systems 5-3, 5-4  
color saturation 1-8  
color substitution, highlight color 1-8  
command  
disk 2-4  
DVD-ROM 2-4  
dry ink  
toner A-6  
Dual Mode 5-1  
dual stacker 3-9  
duplex path 3-17  
DVD-ROM drive 2-4  
job status 4-6  
lpq 4-5  
E
lpr 4-5  
electrical connection, third-party finishing  
devices 3-15  
Ethernet 2-5  
command signals, third-party finishing  
devices 3-15  
commands  
font installation 2-8  
components  
configurations using 5-2  
connections 4-44-5  
description 4-6  
printer controller 2-2  
System Overview Guide  
INDEX-1  
Index  
F
IPP 1-5  
fault code display 3-5  
feedback, job status 4-54-6  
feeder  
J
job  
high-capacity 3-8  
tray 3-2, 3-8  
font installation commands 2-8  
fonts  
Adobe Type 1 2-8  
PCL 2-8, 2-9  
fuser  
status  
command 4-6  
feedback 4-54-6  
submission  
methods 4-24-5  
K
agent A-6  
keyboard 2-5, 2-7  
shield A-6  
L
G
labels  
GOCA (Graphics Object Content  
Architecture) 5-5  
selecting A-2  
LAN  
Ethernet 4-6  
Token Ring 4-6  
language button 3-6  
laser safety vii  
license, software 1-6  
lpq command 4-5  
lpr command 4-5  
H
hardware  
network options 4-44-5  
HCU 5-4  
Hewlett-Packard  
PCL fonts 2-8, 2-9  
high-capacity feeder 3-8  
highlight color  
M
color substitution 1-8  
conversion from full color 1-7  
creation 1-7  
overview 1-7  
rendering attribute 1-8  
screens 1-7  
mechanical interface 3-13  
message display 3-4  
MO:DCA-P (Mixed Object Document  
Content Architecture for  
Presentation 5-5  
module mobility, third-party finishing  
devices 3-14  
Host Channel Unit 5-4  
I
N
IBM AFP Group 3 page printer 5-1  
IBM, outline fonts 5-7  
information button 3-5  
instruction labels 3-6  
interface  
network  
communication  
overview 4-34-5  
protocols 4-34-5  
communications 4-44-5  
multiple connectivity 4-7  
mechanical 3-13  
IOCA (Image Object Content Architecture)  
O
IOCA colors 5-7  
IOCA Replicate and Trim 5-6  
IPDS data streams 5-1, 5-5  
OCA colors 5-7  
requirements 4-44-5  
INDEX-2  
System Overview Guide  
Index  
operating systems supported 5-1  
operation safety, Europe ixxi  
operation safety, U. S. viiiix  
ordering supplies A-13A-14  
outline fonts 5-7  
language button 3-6  
power savers 3-6  
printer control console 3-23-5  
sample tray 3-2  
stacker trays 3-2  
overstrike support 5-6  
dual stacker 3-9  
ozone production information viii  
high-capacity feeder 3-8  
stitcher/stacker 3-10  
processor 2-3, 2-6  
P
paper  
protocols  
network communication requirements  
translation requirements 4-44-5  
PSF compatibility 5-1  
PSF/VSE 5-1  
characteristics A-2  
conditioning A-4A-5  
exit, third-party finishing devices 3-14  
path  
described 3-16  
PT2 Subset 5-6  
duplex 3-17  
simplex 3-16  
recommended weight, grade A-2  
size A-1A-3  
PTOCA (Presentation Text Object Content  
Architecture) 5-5, 5-6  
publications xvii  
storing A-3  
R
PCIM2 card 2-5  
requirements  
PCL data streams 5-1  
PCL fonts 2-8, 2-9  
PDL 4-3  
operating systems 4-44-5  
translation protocol 4-44-5  
requirements, bypass transport 3-12  
RGB values 1-8  
percentage indicator 3-4  
perforated paper A-3  
PostScript data streams 5-1  
PostScript fonts 2-8  
power on/off switch 3-5  
power savers 3-6  
predrilled paper A-3  
preprinted paper A-3  
print jobs  
S
safety  
hotline numbers ix  
laser vii  
operation viiixi  
sample tray 3-2  
selecting  
submitting 4-24-5  
printer control console  
components 3-23-5  
described 3-2  
printer controller  
components 2-2  
printers  
labels A-2  
paper, characteristics A-2  
transparencies A-2  
simplex 3-16  
Sixth Sense 1-5  
SNMP 1-4  
software  
capabilities 1-1  
components  
features, IPS 5-6  
supported products 5-5  
system 4-1  
CCU changeout cart 3-7  
feeder trays 3-2  
software license 1-6  
instruction labels 3-6  
System Overview Guide  
INDEX-3  
Index  
stacker  
transparencies, selecting A-2  
trays  
tray 3-9  
trays 3-2  
feeder 3-2  
status signals, third-party finishing devices  
sample 3-2  
stacker 3-2  
status, job command 4-6  
stitcher wire, ordering A-7  
stitcher/stacker 3-10  
stop button 3-5  
U
underscore support 5-6  
UNIX  
submitting print jobs 4-24-5  
subscript support 5-6  
superscript support 5-6  
supplies  
Sun operating system 2-7  
W
workstations  
client 4-1  
checklist A-15  
consumable supplies tables A-9A-13  
developer A-6  
description 4-14-5  
diskettes A-7  
X
dry ink  
toner A-6  
fuser  
Xerox Client Software 2-8  
Xerox Customer Parts and Product  
Support Center A-14  
Xerox Supply Center A-14  
agent A-6  
shield A-6  
paper A-1A-3  
stitcher wire A-7  
tapes A-8  
supplies table A-9A-13  
support services A-13A-14  
T
tape  
ordering A-8  
TCP/IP  
Ethernet interface 5-2  
telephone numbers  
Xerox Parts and Product Support  
Center A-14  
Xerox Supply Center A-14  
third-party finishing devices  
mechanical interface 3-13  
tinted paper A-3  
Token Ring 2-5, 5-2  
Token Ring LAN 4-6  
toner, see dry ink  
trace facility 5-6  
translation requirements, protocol 4-44-5  
transmission rate 5-2  
INDEX-4  
System Overview Guide  

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