Defiant
Woodburning Stove
Model 1910
Homeowner’s
Installation and
Operating
Manual
For use in the
United States and Canada
0968
SAFETY NOTICE: IF THIS APPLIANCE IS NOT PROPERLY INSTALLED,
OPERATED AND MAINTAINED, A HOUSE FIRE MAY RESULT.
TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE, FOLLOW THE INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS.
FAILURE TO FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS MAY RESULT IN PROPERTY DAMAGE,
BODILY INJURY OR EVEN DEATH. CONTACT LOCAL BUILDING OFFICIALS
ABOUT RESTRICTIONS AND INSTALLATION INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS IN
YOUR AREA.
Do Not Discard This Manual: Retain for Future Use
2000968 1/02 Rev. 4
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Vermont Castings Defiant
The Story of the Defiant
No wood-burning appliance, save for Ben Franklin’s Pennsylvania Fireplace, has a stronger heritage than the Ver-
mont Castings Defiant. Named for a 19th-century steamship, the original Vermont Castings Defiant Wood Stove came
to epitomize America’s resolve and independence during the Energy Crisis of the 1970s.
The year was 1975. With energy prices going through the roof, and not an attractive or efficient wood stove to be
found anywhere, two entrepreneurs set out to create a stove that was a thing of beauty as well as utility. Finely crafted
from cast iron, the Defiant was the first wood stove to combine an artistically designed exterior with a methodically
engineered interior, using new technologies for efficient combustion.
Americans purchased over a quarter-million Defiants, as they rediscovered the common sense of heating with wood,
a home-grown fuel with none of the political and economic entanglements of foreign oil.
Thirteen years later, in 1988, Vermont Castings ‘retired’ the Defiant, replacing it with modern wood-burners such as
the Encore.
With its 1998 return, the new Defiant incorporates all the finest aesthetic, convenience, and performance features to
be found on any wood stove. In a sense, the new Defiant has been 23 years in the making.
Due to its significant role in American history, the original model Defiant is in the permanent collection of the
Smithsonian Institution. Each new purchase of the Defiant stove continues that history.
Table of Contents
Installation Accessories
Specifications .................................... 4
Installation ......................................... 5
Clearance Charts ............................ 12
Assembly......................................... 16
Operation ........................................ 17
Maintenance.................................... 26
Appendix: Catalytic Combustor....... 32
#1560 Warming Shelf
#1902 Mobile Home Kit
#1904 Outside Air Adaptor
#1905 Bottom Heat Shield Kit
#1906 Rear Heat Shield Kit
#1907 Firescreen
#1860 6" x 12" Oval Starter Pipe
A line of porcelain enamel stove pipe is avail-
able in Sand, Blue, and Forest Green colors.
Appendix:
Chimney & Fireplace Hazards ... 33
Parts Diagram ................................. 34
3
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Specifications
Defiant, Model 1910
* This value can vary depending on how the stove is
operated, the type and moisture content of the fuel
used, as well as the design, construction and climatic
location of your home. Figures shown are based on
maximum fuel consumption obtained under laboratory
conditions and on average efficiencies.
Range of heat output.......... 10,600 to 44,400 Btu’s/hr.*
Maximum heat output........................ 55,000 Btu’s/hr.**
Area heated............................ Up to 2,400 Square feet
Fuel Size/type ................................. 22 - 24” hardwood
Fuel capacity ................................................ 50 pounds
Loading ...................................................... Front or top
Chimney Connector:
for 8” flue collar ..................... 8” (200mm) diameter
for 6” flue collar ..................... 6” (150mm) diameter
Chimney Flue Size:
with 8” Chimney Connector . 8” (200mm) minimum
with 6” Chimney Connector . 6” (150mm) minimum
Flue exit position ............................................. Top only
Primary Air... Manually set, thermostatically maintained
Secondary Air........................................ Self-regulating
Ash handling system .....................Removable ash pan
Glass panels ....................... High-temperature ceramic
Weight ................................................ 480 lbs. (220kg.)
Width (leg to leg) ...................................... 33” (826mm)
Depth (leg to leg)................................... 19¹⁄₂” (362mm)
Height to top of flue collar ..................... 30¹⁄₂” (775mm)
** These values are based on operation in building
code-conforming homes under typical winter climate
conditions in New England If your home is of nonstand-
ard construction (e.g. unusually well insulated, not
insulated, built underground, etc.) or if you live in a
more severe or more temperate climate, these figures
may not apply. Since so many variables affect perfor-
mance consult your Vermont Castings’ Authorized
Dealer to determine realistic expectations for your
home.
U.S. and foreign design and mechanical patents
pending.
21¹⁄₂"
(546mm)
18¹⁄₄"
(464mm)
21¹⁄₂"
(546mm)
31"
(788mm)
3³⁄₄"
(96mm)
D E F I A N T
28¹⁄₂"
(724 mm)
Drawing Not to Scale
32¹⁄₂"
(826 mm)
19¹⁄₄"
(489mm)
0968
Fig. 1 Defiant dimensions.
4
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Installation
SAFETY NOTICE: IF YOUR DEFIANT IS NOT
Outside Air
PROPERLY INSTALLED, A HOUSE FIRE MAY
RESULT. TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE,
FOLLOW THE INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS.
CONTACT LOCAL BUILDING OR FIRE OFFICIALS
ABOUT RESTRICTIONS AND INSTALLATION
INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS IN YOUR AREA.
In some modern, super-insulated homes, there is
inadequate air supply for combustion because of
insufficient air infiltration into the building. Such air
enters a home through unsealed cracks and openings.
Exhaust fans for kitchen or bath can compete with the
stove for available air and compound the problem.
When poor draft is caused by a low infiltration rate,
opening a ground floor window on the windward side of
the house and near the stove will usually alleviate the
problem.
Before you begin an installation, be sure that:
• Your stove and chimney connector will be far
enough from combustible material to meet all
clearance requirements.
• The floor protector is large enough and is con-
structed properly to meet all requirements.
• You have all necessary permits from local authori-
ties.
A better solution is to install a permanent outside air
supply to the stove and/or room. In fact, bringing air for
combustion from outside the home directly to the air inlet
of the stove is required for new construction in some
areas.
Pressure variations within the house do not affect a
stove equipped with an outside air supply, and im-
proved stove performance often results. An Outside Air
Adaptor Kit for the Defiant is available from your local
Your local building official is the final authority for
approving your installation as safe and determining that
it meets local and state codes.
The metal label permanently attached to the back
of every Vermont Castings' stove indicates that the
stove has been tested to current UL and ULC stan-
dards, and gives the name of the testing laboratory.
Clearance and installation information also is printed on
the label. When the stove is installed according to the
information both on the label and in this manual, local
authorities usually will accept the label as evidence that
the installation meets codes and can be approved.
However, codes vary in different areas. Before
starting the installation, review your plans with the local
building authority. Your local dealer can provide any
additional information needed.
Vermont Castings dealer.
Chimney Height
Altitude affects chimney performance. When using an
8" oval to 6" flue collar adapter on the Defiant, refer to
Figure 1 for suggested chimney heights at various
altitudes. Chimney height should be measured from the
flue collar to the top of the chimney. The recommended
minimum chimney height is 16 feet (5 meters).
For any unresolved installation issues, refer to the
National Fire Protection Association’s publication ANSI/
NFPA 211 Standard for Chimneys, Fireplaces, Vents
and Solid Fuel Burning Appliances. For Canada, the
equivalent publication is CSA CAN-B365 Installation
Code for Solid Fuel Burning Appliances and Equipment.
These standards are the basis for many national codes.
They are nationally recognized and are accepted by
most local authorities. Your local dealer or your local
30
25
20
15
building official may have a copy of these regulations.
0
2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000
IMPORTANT: FAILURE TO FOLLOW THESE
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS MAY RESULT IN A
DANGEROUS SITUATION, INCLUDING A CHIMNEY
OR HOUSE FIRE. FOLLOW ALL INSTRUCTIONS
EXACTLY, AND DO NOT ALLOW MAKESHIFT
COMPROMISES TO ENDANGER PROPERTY AND
PERSONAL SAFETY.
Altitude
ST491
Fig. 2 Chimney height requirements with 6” chimney and/or
chimney connector.
5
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Masonry Chimneys
What Kind of Chimney to Use
An inspection of the chimney must confirm that it has a
lining. Do not use an unlined chimney. The chimney
must have no cracks, loose mortar, other signs of
deterioration, or blockage. Repair any defects before
using the chimney with your stove.
Seal any unused openings in an existing masonry
chimney with masonry to the thickness of the chimney
wall, and repair the chimney liner. Openings sealed
with pie plates or wallpaper are a hazard and must be
sealed with mortar or refractory cement. In a chimney
fire, flames and smoke may be forced out of these
unused thimbles.
You must connect the Defiant to a code-approved
masonry chimney with a flue liner, to a relined masonry
chimney that meets local codes, or to a prefabricated
metal chimney that complies with the requirements for
Type HT chimneys in the Standard for Chimneys,
Factory-Built, Residential Type and Building Heating
Appliance, UL 103. Fig. 2 illustrates the two types. The
chimney and chimney connector must be in good
condition and kept clean.
If you use an existing masonry chimney, it must be
inspected to ensure it is in a safe condition before the
stove is installed. Your local professional chimney
sweep, building inspector, or fire department official will
be able to inspect the chimney or provide a referral to
someone who can. See 'Chimney and Fireplace
Hazards, in the appendix, for particulars.
The chimney should be thoroughly cleaned before
use.
A newly-built masonry chimney must conform to
the standards of your local building code or, in the
absence of a local code, to a recognized national code.
Masonry chimneys must be lined, either with code-
approved masonry or pre-cast refractory tiles, stainless
steel pipe, or a code-approved, “poured-in-place” liner.
The chimney’s clean-out door must seal tightly. A loose
or leaky clean-out door can weaken chimney draft to
the stove, causing performance problems.
A prefabricated double-
wall insulated chimney
Prefabricated Chimneys
A tile-lined
masonry
chimney
A prefabricated metal chimney must be one tested and
listed for use with solid-fuel burning appliances to the
High-Temperature (H.T.) Chimney Standard UL-103-
1985 (2100° F.) for the United States, and High
Temperature (650˚C) Standard ULC S-629 for Canada.
DO NOT CONNECT THIS UNIT TO A CHIMNEY
FLUE SERVING ANOTHER APPLIANCE.
ST241
Fig. 2 Approved chimney types.
The chimney must extend at least 3' (900 mm)
above the highest point where it passes through or
past a roof, and at least 2' (600 mm) higher than any
part of a building within 10' (3 m) horizontally. (Fig. 3)
For proper draft and good performance, any
Chimney Size
The Defiant is approved for venting into a masonry
chimney with a nominal flue size of 8" x 8" (200 x 200
mm) or 8" x 12" (200 x 300 mm), and into a round flue
with nominal flue size of 8" (200 mm). A Defiant with a
6" (150 mm) flue collar adapter is approved for venting
into a masonry chimney with a nominal flue size of 8" X
8" (200 X 200 mm), and into a round flue with nominal
flue size of 6" (150 mm).
chimney used with a Defiant should extend at least 16
feet (5 m) above the flue collar of the stove.
0 TO 10'
2' Min.
NOTE: When installed with a 6" flue collar
adapter, the Defiant may not be operated with the
front doors open.
3'
0 TO 10'
Min.
2' Min.
3'
Whatever the flue collar size, a Defiant may be
vented into larger chimneys as well. However, chim-
neys with liners larger than 8" x 12" (200 x 300 mm)
may experience rapid cooling of smoke and reduction
in draft, especially if the chimneys are located outside
the home. These large chimneys may need to be
insulated or have their flues relined for proper stove
performance.
Min.
Reference
Point
AC617
Fig. 3 The 2’-3’10’ Chimney Rule.
6
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Accessories to help make the connection between
stainless steel chimney liners and your Defiant are
available through your local dealer.
•
•
Fasten each joint between sections of chimney
connector, including telescoping joints, with at least
three sheet metal screws. Holes in the top of each
section of chimney connector serve as guides when
you drill 1/8" (3 mm) holes in the bottom of the next
section.
Chimney Connector Guidelines
A chimney connector is the single-wall pipe that
connects the stove to the chimney. The chimney itself
is the masonry or prefabricated structure that encloses
the flue. Chimney connectors are used only to connect
the stove to the chimney.
Single-wall connectors should be made of 24 gauge
or heavier steel. Do not use galvanized connector; it
cannot withstand the high temperatures that smoke and
exhaust gases can reach, and may release toxic fumes
under high heat. The connector may be 6" (150 mm) or 8
" (200 mm) in diameter.
Fasten the chim-
ney connector to
the chimney.
Toward
Stove
Instructions for
various installa-
tions follow. Fig. 5
illustrates the
general layout of
chimney connector
parts.
Flue Gas
Direction
•
Be sure the
If possible, do not pass the chimney connector
through a combustible wall or ceiling. If passage
through a combustible wall is unavoidable, refer to the
section on Wall Pass-Throughs. Do not pass the
connector through an attic, a closet or similar con-
cealed space. The whole connector should be ex-
posed and accessible for inspection and cleaning.
In horizontal runs of chimney connector, maintain a
distance of 24" (610 mm) from the ceiling. Keep it as
short and direct as possible, with no more than two 90
degree turns. Slope horizontal runs of connector
upward 1/4" per foot (20 mm per meter) going from the
stove toward the chimney. The recommended maxi-
mum length of a horizontal run is 3 feet (1 meter), and
the total length of the chimney connector should be no
longer than 8 feet (2.5 meters). In cathedral ceiling
installations, extend the prefabricated chimney down-
ward to within 8 feet (2.5 meters) of the stove. This will
help maintain a good draft by keeping the smoke warm,
so that it rises readily.
ST242
installed stove and
chimney connector
are correct dis-
Fig. 4 Chimney connector.
tances from nearby combustible materials.
NOTE: Special slip pipes and thimble sleeves that form
telescoping joints between sections of chimney connec-
tor are available to simplify installations. They often
eliminate the need to cut individual connector sections.
Consult your local dealer about these special pieces.
Securing the Single-wall Connector to a
Prefabricated Chimney
Follow the installation instructions of the chimney
manufacturer exactly as you install the chimney. The
manufacturer of the chimney will supply the accesso-
ries to support the chimney, either from the roof of the
house, at the ceiling of the room where the stove is
installed, or from an exterior wall.
Special adaptors are available from the chimney
manufacturer to make the connection between the
prefabricated chimney and the chimney connector.
The top of such adaptors attaches directly to the
chimney or to the chimney’s ceiling support package,
while the bottom of the adaptor is screwed to the
chimney connector.
Wear gloves and protective eyewear when drilling,
cutting or joining sections of chimney connector.
Single-wall Chimney Connectors
•
Begin assembly at the flue collar of the stove. Insert
the first crimped end into the stove’s flue collar, and
keep each crimped end pointing toward the stove.
Fig. 4. Use the holes in the flue collar as guides to
drill 1/8" (3 mm) holes in the bottom of the first
section of chimney connector and secure it to the
flue collar with three #10 x 1/2" sheet metal screws.
Lift off the griddle, and shield the stove's surface
between the griddle opening and the front of the
flue collar to protect the finish when you drill the
front hole.
These adaptors are designed so the top end will fit
outside the inner wall of the chimney, and the bottom
end will fit inside the first section of chimney connector.
When assembled in this way, any soot or
7
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Chimney
Elbow
Thimble
Sleeve
Flue
Flue
Flue
Inner
Chimney
Connector
Slip Pipe
Keep
sleeve
end flush
with flue
tile
Thimble
Standard
Connector
Oval to
Round Adaptor
Flue Collar
ST243
Fig. 6 The thimble, made of either ceramic or metal, must be
cemented securely in place.
Without a thimble, a suitable length of chimney
connector can be extended through the breach to the
inner face of the flue liner, and cemented securely in
place. Additional pieces of connector are then attached
with sheet metal screws.
ST492
Fig. 5 An exploded view of the chimney connection in a
freestanding masonry installation.
Fireplace Installations
The chimney connector may be connected to the
chimney above the fireplace opening.
Securing the Single-wall Connector to a
Masonry Chimney
Above the Fireplace
Both freestanding masonry chimneys and fireplace
masonry chimneys may be used for your installation.
The Defiant may be connected to a chimney above a
fireplace opening. In such installations, the stove
stands on the hearth in front of the fireplace and the
chimney connector rises from the stove top and then
angles ninety degrees back into the chimney. The
chimney liner should extend to the point at which the
chimney connector enters the chimney. (Fig. 7)
Freestanding Installations
If the chimney connector must pass through a combus-
tible wall to reach the chimney, follow the recommen-
dations in the Wall Pass-Through section that follows.
The opening through the chimney wall to the flue
(the “breach”) must be lined with either a ceramic or
metal cylinder, called the “thimble”, which is cemented
securely in place. Most chimney breaches incorporate
thimbles, but the fit must be snug and the joint between
the thimble and the chimney wall must be cemented
firmly.
Check These
Clearances
*
A special piece called the “thimble sleeve,” slightly
smaller in diameter than standard connectors and most
thimbles, will ease the removal of the chimney connec-
tor system for inspection and cleaning. (Fig. 6) Thimble
sleeves should be available from your local dealer.
To install a thimble sleeve, slide it into the breach
until it is flush with the inner flue wall. Don’t extend it
into the actual flue passage, as this could interfere with
the draft.
The thimble sleeve should protrude 1-2" (25-50
mm) into the room. Use furnace cement and thin
gasketing to seal the sleeve in place in the thimble.
Secure the chimney connector to the outer end of the
sleeve with sheet metal screws.
*
Mantel
D
E
F
I
A
N
T
Seal
This Off
ST244a
Fig. 7 In this installation, the chimney connector attaches to
the chimney above the fireplace opening.
8
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Vermont Castings Defiant
If the chimney connector in your installation enters
the chimney above a fireplace, follow all the guidelines
mentioned above for freestanding installations. In
addition, give special consideration to the following
points:
Wall Stud
Chimney
Connector
• Check the clearance between the stove and
the chimney connector, and any combustible trim or
the mantel.
• Check the clearance between the chimney
connector and the ceiling. The clearance should be
at least 18" (457 mm).
T
D
E
F
I
A
N
• The fireplace damper must be sealed to keep
room air from escaping up the flue. However, it
must be possible to reopen the damper to inspect
or clean the chimney.
12” of
Noncombustible
Material
Through the Fireplace
Installations through the fireplace opening have not
been tested or approved.
Floor
Protection
ST493
Wall pass-Throughs
Fig. 8 an approved wall pass-through for the United States.
Whenever possible, design your installation so that
the connector does not pass through a combustible
wall. If you are considering a wall pass-through in your
installation, check with your building inspector before
you begin. Also, check with the chimney connector
manufacturer for any specific requirements.
Accessories are available for use as wall pass-
throughs. If using one of these, make sure it has been
tested and listed for use as a wall pass-through.
In the United States, the National Fire Protection
Association (NFPA) has established guidelines for
passing chimney connectors through combustible walls.
Many building code inspectors follow these guidelines
when approving installations.
In Canada, The Canadian Standards Association
has established different guidelines for wall pass-
throughs. Figure 9 shows one method, in which all
combustible material in the wall is cut away to provide
the required 18" (460 mm) clearance for the connector.
The resulting space must remain empty. A flush-
mounted sheet metal cover may be used on one side
only. If covers must be used on both sides, each cover
must be mounted on noncombustible spacers at least
1" (25 mm) clear of the wall.
Your local dealer or your local building inspector
can provide details for other approved methods of
passing a chimney connector through a combustible
wall in your area. In Canada, this type of installation
must conform to CAN/CSA-B365, Installation Code for
Solid Fuel Burning Appliances and Equipment.
Figure 8 shows one NFPA-recommended method.
All combustible material in the wall is cut away from the
single-wall connector to provide the required 12" (300
mm) clearance. Any material used to close up the
opening must be noncombustible.
18” (460mm) clearance
between pipe and
sides/top/bottom of
opening
Three other methods are also approved by the
NFPA:
•
•
•
Placing a section of chimney connector inside a
ventilated thimble, which in turn is separated from
combustibles by 6" (150 mm) of fiberglass insulat-
ing material.
Placing a section of chimney connector inside a
section of 9" (230 mm) diameter, solid-insulated,
factory-built chimney, with two inches of air space
between the chimney section and combustibles.
Using a section of solid-insulated double-wall High
Temperature chimney, with an inside diameter the
same as the chimney connector, at least one inch
of solid insulation, and a minimum of 9 inches
(229mm) air space between the outer wall of the
chimney section and combustibles.
T
D
E
F
I
A
N
ST494
Fig. 9 An approved wall pass-through for Canada.
9
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Vermont Castings Defiant
NOTE: Do not vent your Defiant into a factory-built
(zero-clearance) fireplace. These appliances and their
chimneys are specifically designed as a unit for use as
fireplaces. It may void the listing or be hazardous to
adapt them for any other use.
A
D
B
E
E
DO NOT CONNECT A DEFIANT TO ANY AIR
DISTRIBUTION DUCT OR SYSTEM.
Floor Protection
F
A tremendous amount of heat radiates from the
bottom plate of your Defiant. The floor area directly
under and around the stove will require protection from
radiant heat as well as from stray sparks or embers
that may escape the firebox.
Heat protection is provided through the use of a
Vermont Castings Bottom Heat Shield #1905. Spark
and ember protection must be provided by a floor
protector constructed with noncombustible materials as
specified.
C
Most installations will require that the bottom heat
shield be attached. Only when the stove is placed on a
completely noncombustible surface such as unpainted
concrete over earth may it be used without the heat
shield.
Even when the bottom heat shield is installed, you
must provide special protection to the floor beneath.
For installation with the heat shield attached, use a
noncombustible floor protector such as 1/4” non-
asbestos mineral board or equivalent, or 24 gauge
sheet metal. The floor protector may be covered with a
noncombustible decorative material if desired. Do not
obstruct the space under the heater.
Protection requirements vary somewhat between
the United States and Canada as follows:
In U.S. installations, the floor protector is required
under the stove and must extend at least 16 inches
(not including the ash lip) from the front of the stove
('F', Fig. 10), and at least 6 inches from the sides and
rear ('D' and 'E', Fig. 10).
It must also extend under the chimney connector
and 2 inches to either side ('C', Fig. 10). For the 8"
(200 mm) connector, the protector must be a minimum
of 12" (300 mm) wide. For the 6" (150 mm) connector,
the protector must be 10" (250 mm) wide. The protec-
tor must be centered under the connector.
To meet these requirements, a floor protector must
be at least 42" wide and 43" deep.
ST495/496
U.S.
Canada
46” (1168mm)
47” (1194mm)
12” (300mm) 8” Connector
10” (250mm) 6” Connector
8” (203mm)
A. 42”
B. 43”
C. 12”
10”
D. 6”
E. 6”
8” (203mm)
18” (460mm)
F. 16”
Fig. 10 Required floor protector dimensions.
Floor Protection for Fireplace Installation
Do not assume that your fireplace hearth is completely
noncombustible. Many fireplace hearths do not satisfy
the “completely noncombustible’ requirement because
the brick or concrete in front of the fireplace opening is
supported by heavy wood framing. Be cause heat
passes readily through brick or concrete, it can easily
pass through to the wood. As a result, such fireplace
hearths can be a fire hazard and are considered a
combustible floor.
For all fireplace installations, follow the floor protection
guidelines described above. Keep in mind that many
raised hearths will extend less than the required
clearance form the front of the heater. In such cases,
sufficient floor protection as described above must be
added in front of the hearth to satisfy the minimum
floor protector requirement from the front of the stove:
16” (410mm) in the United States and 18” (460mm) in
Canada. Hearth rugs do not satisfy the requirement for
floor protection as they are not fire proof.
In Canada, a noncombustible floor protector is required
under the heater also. The floor protector must extend
18 inches (460 mm) to the front ('F', Fig. 10), and 8
inches (203 mm) from the sides and rear ('D' and 'E',
Fig. 10).
To meet these requirements, a floor protector must
be at least 46" (1168 mm) wide and 47" (1194 mm)
deep.
Fireplace installation also have special clearance
requirements to the side walls, side decorative trim and
fireplace mantel. Refer to the information on fireplace
and mantel trim shields in this section.
10
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Keep the Stove a Safe Distance from
Surrounding Materials
Wall Shields
One way to reduce clearances is with a wall shield
constructed of 24 gauge or heavier sheet metal, or of
another noncombustible material such as 1/2" (13 mm)
insulation board such as Durock® or Wonderboard®, or
common brick “laid on flat,” with the 3¹⁄₂" (90 mm) side
down.
Shields must be spaced out from the combustible
surface 1" (25 mm) on noncombustible spacers, as in
Figure 11. The spacers should not be directly behind
the stove or chimney connector.
Air must be able to flow between the wall and the
shield. At least 50% of the bottom 1" (25 mm) of the
shield must be open, and the shield must be open at
the top. Metal screening across the top will keep small
stray objects from being trapped behind the shield.
(Fig. 12)
The shield must be a minimum of 48" (1220 mm)
tall, and must extend at least 20¹⁄₂" (520mm) higher
than the top of the stove, whichever is higher. The
shield behind the chimney connector must be 30" (760
mm) wide, centered behind the pipe; for installations
that use an approved prefabricated chimney to pass
through the ceiling, the shield behind the chimney
connector must stop 1" (25 mm) below the ceiling.
Both a stove and its chimney connector radiate
heat in all directions when operating, and nearby
combustible materials can overheat dangerously if they
are too close to the heat source. A safe installation
requires that adequate clearance be maintained
between the hot stove and its connector and nearby
combustibles.
Clearance is the distance between either your
stove or chimney connector, and nearby walls, floors,
the ceiling, and any other fixed combustible surface.
The Defiant has specific clearance requirements that
have been established after careful research and
testing. These clearance requirements must be strictly
observed.
In addition, keep furnishings and other combustible
materials away from the stove. In general, a distance of
48" (1220 mm) must be maintained between the stove
and moveable combustible items such as drying
clothes, furniture, newspapers, firewood, etc. Keeping
those clearance areas empty assures that nearby
surfaces and objects will not overheat.
Safe Ways to Reduce Clearances
Clearance requirements are established to meet
every installation possibility, and they involve the
combination of these variables:
Air Flow
Screen
• When the stove has no listed heat shield
mounted on it.
• When the wall has no heat shield mounted on it.
Stud Wall
Framing
Wall Shield
• When the wall has a heat shield mounted on it.
• When the wall and stove have heat shields.
In general, the greatest clearance is required when
you place a stove and its connector near a wall with no
heat shield.
Noncombus-
tible Spacers
Shield
and Fasteners
For example, when the Defiant is installed parallel
to the rear wall and no shield is used, it must be at least
33" (815 mm) from the wall behind it and at least 24"
(610 mm) from walls on either side.
Metal Spacer
Drywall
If the Defiant is installed in a corner and no shield is
used, the corners of the stove must be at least 23" (585
mm) from nearby walls.
Air Flow
ST248
Clearances may be reduced only by means ap-
proved by the regulatory authority, and in accordance
with the clearances listed in this manual. See pages 10
- 13 for approved clearance reduction specifications.
Use only Vermont Castings Defiant Rear Heat
Shield #000-1906.
Fig. 11 Approved wall shield construction.
NOTE: ALCOVE INSTALLATION OF THE DEFIANT
IS NOT PERMITTED.
11
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Defiant Clearance Chart
for use with either a 6” or 8” flue collar/chimney connection
Stove Clearance
Unprotected Surfaces Protected Surfaces
Stove
in
Corner
Stove
in
Corner
Stove Installed
Parallel to Wall
Stove Installed
Parallel to Wall
Side
Rear
Corners
Side
Rear
Corners
(A) 24”
(610 mm)
(B) 33”
(840 mm)
(C) 23”
(585 mm)
(D) 14”
(355 mm)
(E) 28”
(710 mm)
(F) 18”
(460 mm)
No stove
heat shields
Stove with rear heat
shield, no connector
heat shields
(G) 24”
( 610 mm)
(H) 21”
(533 mm)
(I) 17”
(430 mm)
(J) 14”
(355 mm)
(K) 17”
(430 mm)
(L) 12”
(305 mm)
Stove with rear heat
shield, and heat shields
on connector
(M) 24”
(610 mm)
(N) 17”
(430 mm)
(O) 17”
(430 mm)
(P) 14”
(355 mm)
(Q) 17”
(430 mm)
(R) 12”
(305 mm)
Stove with rear heat
shield, and double-wall
chimney connector*
(S) 24”
(610 mm)
(T) 17”
(430 mm)
(U) 17”
(430 mm)
(V) 14”
(355 mm)
(W) 15”
(380 mm)
(X) 12”
(305 mm)
Chimney Connector Clearance
Unprotected Vertical Surfaces
Protected Vertical Surfaces
30” (760 mm)
25” (635 mm)
Single-wall connector
Single-wall connector;
rear heat shield on
stove only
18” (460 mm)
14” (355 mm)
Single-wall connector with
shields, and rear heat
shield on stove
14” (355 mm)
14” (355 mm)
14” (355 mm)
12” (305 mm)
Double-wall chimney
connector
Unprotected or Protected Ceiling Surfaces
Single-wall connector
18” (460 mm)
Clearance to Combustibles in Front of Stove
All Installations
48” (1220 mm)
* Using a listed double wall oval to round connector.
12
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Defiant Clearance Diagrams
for use with either a 6” or 8” flue collar/chimney connection
Unprotected Surfaces
Protected Surfaces
Stove Installed
Parallel to Wall
Stove Installed Parallel
to Wall
Stove in Corner
Stove in Corner
Top Exit Installations, no heat shields
B
C
F
E
A
D
F
C
Top Exit Installations, heat shield on stove, no shields on single-wall connector
H
I
L
K
G
J
I
L
Top Exit Installations, heat shield on stove, heat shields on single-wall connector
O
N
R
Q
M
P
R
O
Top Exit Installations, heat shield on stoe, double-wall chimney connector
U
T
X
W
S
V
U
X
ST486A
13
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Vermont Castings Defiant
48"
(1220mm)
48"
(1220mm)
48"
(1220mm)
48"
(1220mm)
48"
(1220mm)
48"
(1220mm)
48"
(1220mm)
48"
(1220mm)
IN
T
R
E
PI
D
II
ST499
ST497
Fig. 12 Parallel installation, vertical chimney connector, two
wall shields. Reduced clearances for both rear and side walls.
Wall shields may meet at corner if desired. Shielding for
connector is centered behind connector.
Fig. 14 Corner installation, vertical chimney connector, two
wall shields. Reduced side clearances. Wall shield MUST
meet at corner.
Stove Heat Shields
The Vermont Castings Defiant Rear Heat Shield,
shown below, is one way to reduce the clearance to
the rear wall. The rear heat shield can be installed in
any setting. However, since the chimney connector
also radiates heat toward the wall, you should use a
chimney connector shield whenever you use the rear
heat shield.
48"
(1220mm)
Clearance reductions with the rear heat shield
apply only to the wall to the rear in parallel installations.
Neither the side clearance requirement nor the clear-
ance requirement in corner installations may be re-
duced.
48"
(1220mm)
48"
(1220mm)
DE
F
IA
NT
ST498
Fig. 13 Parallel installation with rear wall pass-through, two
wall shields. Reduced clearances to both rear and side walls.
Wall shields may meet at corner if desired. Wall pass-through
must comply with codes.
T
N
A
I
F
E
D
Refer to “Special Installations.”
ST500
Fig. 15 The rear heat shield installed on the Defiant Stove.
14
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Distance from the Center of the Flue Collar to the Wall
The information on this page is helpful in planning stove placement, particularly in those installations with
chimneys that pass through the ceiling. However, this is not a clearance chart. Final stove clearances must
adhere to the guidelines in the clearance chart on page 12.
Note that rear dimensions differ for installations with 6” or 8” chimney connectors.
Defiant With Rear Heat Shield only
Unprotected Surfaces
Protected Surfaces
Corner
Installations
Corner
Installations
Parallel Installations
Parallel Installations
Side (A)
Rear (B)
Corner (C)
Side (D)
29¹⁄₂” (710mm)
Rear (E)
Corner (F)
39¹⁄₂” (1003mm)
6” chimney:
27” (685mm)
8” chimney:
28” (710mm)
28” (710mm)
6” chimney:
21” (535mm)
8” chimney:
22” (560mm)
25” (635mm)
Defiant With Rear Heat Shield and Shielded Connector:
Side (A)
Rear (B)
Corner (C)
Side (D)
Rear (E)
Corner (F)
39¹⁄₂” (1003mm)
6” chimney:
17” (685mm)
8” chimney:
18” (710mm)
28” (710mm)
29¹⁄₂” (710mm)
6” chimney:
17” (535mm)
8” chimney:
18” (560mm)
25” (635mm)
Defiant With Rear Heat Shield and Double-wall Connector:
Side (A)
Rear (B)
Corner (C)
Side (D)
Rear (E)
Corner (F)
39¹⁄₂” (1003mm)
6” chimney:
17” (685mm)
8” chimney:
18” (710mm)
28” (710mm)
29¹⁄₂” (710mm)
6” chimney:
15” (535mm)
8” chimney:
16” (560mm)
25” (635mm)
A
B
D
F
C
E
*
*
* This distance, from the center of the flue collar to the front edge of the hearth, is the same for all installations on this
page: 34” (865mm) in the United States and 36” (914mm) in Canada.
15
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Assembly
Set Up Your Stove
Install the Optional Ash Door Heat Shield
Cast iron stoves are heavy, and it will take two to
four people to move your Defiant into position.
Wipe the protective coating of oil from the griddle
with a clean dry rag or a paper towel.
Install the handle on the griddle. Slip the bolt
through a nylon bushing, then through the handle and
the other bushing, then through the steel spacer and
1. Remove the two Phillips pan head screws from the
ash door.
2. Insert the screws through the ash door heat shield
(from the painted side), place the 5/16" spacers
over the screws, and carefully thread them back into
the original holes. (Fig. 18) The curved lip should be
upward, under the ashlip of the stove.
3. Tighten securely.
into the griddle tab. (Fig. 16) Tighten securely.
Spacer
Washer
Bushings
Knob
Bolt
ST536
Spacers
ST538
Fig. 16 Attach the griddle handle.
Fig. 18 Install the ashdoor heat shield.
Install the Optional Bottom Heat Shield
NOTE: The Bottom Heat Shield is required in most
installations. Refer to Floor Protection, Page 10, for
further details.
1. Remove the four 10-24 x 1/2" hex head bolts from
the corners of the ash drop on the stove bottom.
2. Screw the four 1¹⁄₄" spacers into the holes from
which you removed the bolts, finger-tight.
3. Align the bottom heat shield against the spacers
with the stepped side toward the rear of the stove.
4. Secure the shield with the four hex head bolts
removed from the stove bottom previously. Tighten
Adjust the Leg Levellers
Lift the stove slightly so there is no weight on the leg
while making the adjustment.
Attach the Damper Handle
Use the 1/4" -20 x 3" screw to attach the damper
handle to the damper stub on the left side. Refer to the
chart on page 35 for hardware sizes.
Attach the Primary Air Thermostat Handle
The primary air thermostat handle is the smaller of the
two black handles. Secure the handle to the stub on
the right side of the stove with an 8-32 x 2" slot head
machine screw. (Fig. 19)
securely. (Fig. 17)
T
N
EFIA
D
Spacers
ST540
ST537
Fig. 17 Attach the optional bottom heat shield.
Fig. 19 Attach the thermostat handle.
16
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Assemble the Removable Insert Handle
Operation
The white removable insert handle opens and closes
the front doors. Remove after each use, and store it in
the handle holder behind the left front leg. Assemble
the handle by passing the 3³⁄₈" screw through the
ceramic shaft and into the bright metal nub. (Fig. 20)
Tighten carefully until snug.
The Defiant Controls
Two controls regulate the performance of the
Defiant: a primary air control supplies oxygen for the
fire, and a damper directs air flow within the stove to
activate and deactivate the catalytic combustor. (Fig.
21)
Symbols cast into the stove are reminders of the
correct directions for using the controls. 'Left' and
'right' in these directions mean as you face the stove.
Griddle Handle
Damper
Handle
Door Handle
ST540
Air
Control
Lever
Fig. 20 Assemble the front door handle.
And-
iron
Door Handle
Holder
(Behind
Leg)
Ash Door Handle
ST541
Fig. 21 The Defiant’s controls are conveniently located and
easy to operate.
A Single Air Control Regulates
Heat Output and Burn Time
The primary air control lever, on the right side of
the stove, controls the amount of incoming air for
starting, maintaining, and reviving a fire.
More air entering the stove makes the fire burn
hotter and faster, while less air prolongs the burn at a
lower heat output level. (Fig. 22)
For the greatest air supply and maximum heat
output (but the shortest burn time), move the lever
toward the front of the stove. For a fire that will last
longer with less heat, move the lever toward the rear of
the stove.
The Defiant’s air control system includes an
automatic thermostat to ensure an even heat output at
whatever manual setting you select. The thermostat
senses the heating and cooling of the stove surface
and adjusts the air valve accordingly.
17
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Two Ways to Add Fuel
Air Control Positions
The Defiant’s griddle lifts for convenient top-loading of
logs, and is the easiest way to add fuel. (Fig. 24)
D E F I A N T
Low Heat
Range
D
e
fia
n
t
D E F I A N T
Medium Heat
Range
ST521
Fig. 24 Top loading is the best way to add fuel during regular
use. Front loading is useful for kindling a fire.
However, the front doors open as well for adding
an occasional log to a fire. If the stove is equipped
with 8" (200 mm) stove pipe, the front doors may be
opened (or even removed) and the optional Defiant
spark screen placed in the opening for open-fire
viewing. The Defiant is not approved for operation
with the front doors open if equipped with a 6" (150
mm) flue collar adapter.
D E F I A N T
High Heat
Range
ST542
Fig. 22 The handle also may be positioned anywhere
between the two extremes for different heat levels.
To open the front doors, insert the handle into the
door latch stub and turn it to the left and up. (Fig. 25)
A Damper Directs Air Flow
Within the Stove
The damper handle on the left side of the stove
operates the damper to direct air flow within the stove.
The damper is open when the handle points to the
rear, enabling smoke to pass directly into the chimney.
The damper must be open when starting or reviving a
fire, and whenever the griddle or doors are opened.
The damper is closed when the handle points
forward. Smoke travels through the catalytic combus-
tion system where it can be further burned, before
passing up the chimney. (Fig. 23)
Clockwise to
Open
Counter-
clockwise
to Close
ST544
The damper is either fully open or fully closed.
There are no intermediate positions. When closing
the damper, be sure to pull firmly enough to snap
Fig. 25 To open the front doors, turn the handle clockwise.
To close them, always close the left door first.
Turn the handle in the right door to the left and up (to
the open position) and close it. Finally, push on the
door as you turn the handle to the right and down. The
doors will draw in slightly, and the handle should offer
some resistance as you turn it to the closed position.
To reduce the risk of breaking the glass, avoid
striking the glass or slamming the doors.
the handle into the locked position.
Damper Positions
D E F I A N T
D E F I A N T
When you’re not using the door handle, store it in
the holder behind the left front leg of the stove. Be
careful to not drop the handle, since it is breakable.
Open
(Updraft Mode)
Closed
(Catalytic Mode)
ST543
Fig. 23 The Defiant’s damper operating positions.
18
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Vermont Castings Defiant
WARNING: FIREPLACE STOVES EQUIPPED WITH
DOORS SHOULD BE OPERATED ONLY WITH
DOORS FULLY OPEN OR DOORS FULLY CLOSED.
IF DOORS ARE LEFT PARTLY OPEN, GAS AND
FLAME MAY BE DRAWN OUT OF THE FIREPLACE
STOVE OPENING, CREATING RISKS FROM BOTH
FIRE AND SMOKE.
If hardwood is not available, you can burn soft-
woods like include tamarack, yellow pine, white pine,
Eastern red cedar, fir, and redwood. These should
also be properly dried.
Store wood under cover to keep it dry. The longer
it is stored, the better heating and fire-viewing perfor-
mance you will enjoy. Even for short-term storage,
however, keep wood a safe distance from the heater
and keep it out of the areas around the heater used for
The Defiant may be used as a fireplace with the
front doors open or removed, BUT only when it is
equipped with 8" (200mm) stove pipe and only
when the optional spark screen is placed correctly
in the opening to protect against the possibility of
sparks and embers leaving your stove.
refueling and ash removal.
A Surface Thermometer is a Valuable
Guide to Operation
Use only the Defiant spark screen, Item #1907, with
your Defiant.
An optional surface thermometer tells you when to
adjust the air control, and when to refuel. (Fig. 26)
Defiant spark screens are available from your
Vermont Castings Majestic Products Company
Dealer.
Infra-Red Reflective Glass Panels
for Clear Fire Viewing
ST523
Fig. 26 Take temperature readings with a thermometer
The outer surfaces of the ceramic glass panels have
an infrared-reflective coating which keeps the inner
surfaces warm. This design, along with a pre-heated
'airwash,' makes clear fire viewing possible at most
firing levels.
located in the middle of the griddle.
For example, when the thermometer registers at
least 450° F. (230 C) after start-up you know that the
stove is hot enough to begin catalytic combustion and
that it may be time to close the damper. Note that the
stove will warm up much sooner than the chimney,
though; a warm chimney is the key to easy, effective
stove operation. Please review the draft management
information on pages 24 to see how the size, type, and
location of your chimney will affect your stove opera-
tion. When thermometer readings drop below 350°F.
(175˚C) it’s time to adjust the air control for a higher
burn rate or to reload the stove. A temperature reading
over 750° F. (385˚C) is a sign to cut back on the air
supply to slow the burn rate.
Andirons Help Protect the Glass
Your stove has andirons to keep logs away from the
glass panels. The andirons are essential to maintain
clear fireviewing, and should be left permanently in
place. Since the andirons may slightly hinder refueling
through the front doors, most stove owners will prefer
the convenience of top loading through the griddle. Do
not place fuel between the andirons and the doors.
Burn Only High-Quality Wood
Use the following temperature ranges as a guide:
• Readings in the 350-500°F. (175-260˚C) range
indicate low to medium heat output.
• 500-600°F. (260-315˚C) readings indicate medium
heat output.
• Readings of 600-750°F. (315-385˚C) indicate high
heat output. Operating your Defiant continuously at
griddle temperatures of 750° F. (385˚C) or higher may
The Defiant is designed to burn natural wood only;
do not burn fuels other than that for which it was
designed.
You’ll enjoy the best results when burning wood
that has been adequately air-dried. The wood should
be 20-22" (500-550 mm) in length. Avoid burning
“green” wood that has not been properly seasoned.
Do not burn construction materials; they often
contain chemicals and metals that can damage the
catalytic combustor or pollute the air. Do not burn
ocean driftwood; when it burns, the salt it absorbs will
damage the cast iron or enamel finish.
attack the cast iron.
The best hardwood fuels include oak, maple,
beech, ash, and hickory that has been split, stacked,
and air-dried outside under cover for at least one year.
19
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Use the Air Control Settings
Defiant Control Settings
that Work Best for You
(see Fig. 21, page 15)
No single air control setting will fit every situation.
Each installation will differ depending on the quality of
the fuel, the amount of heat desired, and how long you
wish the fire to burn; outdoor air temperature and
pressure also affect draft.
The control setting also depends on your particular
installation’s “draft,” or the force that moves air from
the stove up through the chimney. Draft is affected by
such things as the length, type, and location of the
chimney, local geography, nearby obstructions, and
other factors. See pages 24 for details on how the
installation affects performance.
Burn Rate
Primary Air Control
From far right to 1/3 the distance
to left
From 1/3 to 2/3 the distance
to left
Low
Medium
High
From 2/3 the distance
to left, to far left
High-Efficiency Wood Burning
with Catalytic Combustion
Too much draft may cause excessive temperatures
in the Defiant, and could even damage the combustor.
On the other hand, too little draft can cause
backpuffing into the room and/or the “plugging” of the
chimney or combustor.
How do you know if your draft is excessively high
or low? Symptoms of too much draft include an
uncontrollable burn or a glowing-red stove part. Signs
of weak draft are smoke leaking into the room through
the stove or chimney connector joints, low heat, and
dirty glass.
In some newer homes that are well-insulated and
weather-tight, poor draft may result from insufficient air
in the house. In such instances, an open window near
the stove on the windward side of the house will
provide the fresh air needed.
Another option for getting more combustion air to
the stove is to duct air directly from the outside to the
stove. In some areas provisions for outside combus-
tion air are required in all new construction.
With an optional outside air adapter, No. 1904,
your Defiant will accept a duct to deliver outside air for
combustion.
When first using the stove, keep track of the air
control settings. You will quickly find that a specific
setting will give you a fixed amount of heat. It may take
a week or two to determine the amount of heat and the
length of burn you should expect from various settings.
Most installations do not require a large amount of
combustion air, especially if adequate draft is available.
Do not for any reason attempt to increase the firing
of your heater by altering the air control adjust-
ment range outlined in these directions.
A Defiant leaves the factory with the combustor
installed.
In the United States, it is against the law to operate
this wood heater in a manner inconsistent with operat-
ing instructions in this manual, or if the catalytic
combustor is deactivated or removed. The components
of the catalytic combustion system in your Defiant work
together to produce optimum conditions for secondary
combustion.
When the damper is closed, smoke travels through
the catalytic element, which causes ignition of smoke
at temperatures of 500-600° F (260-315˚C), half the
temperature normally required for unaided secondary
combustion.
The catalytic element is a ceramic “honeycomb”
coated with the catalytic material. The element is
located in the secondary combustion chamber, molded
from a special high-temperature insulating refractory
material. The chamber provides the correct environ-
ment necessary for secondary combustion of the fuel
(smoke).
Closing the damper exposes the smoke to the
combustor. If the combustor is at least 600˚F (315˚C),
it will begin to burn the smoke.
Closing the stove damper may also reduce the
draft, so to avoid putting out the fire or deactivating the
combustor, close the damper only when a fire is well-
established and the chimney is thoroughly warmed.
When starting a fire, wait until the fire is well estab-
lished and there is an ember bed of at least 3-4 inches
before closing the damper.
Never kindle a fire with colored paper or paper that
has colored ink or a glossy surface, and never burn
treated wood, garbage, solvents, or trash. All of these
may poison the catalyst and prevent it from operating
properly. Never burn cardboard or loose paper except
for kindling purposes. Never burn coal; doing so can
produce soot or large flakes of char or fly ash that can
coat the combustor and cause smoke to spill into the
room. Coal smoke also can poison the catalyst so that
Use the following air control settings as a starting
point to help determine the best settings for your
installation. Each is described as a fraction of the total
distance the lever may be moved from right to left.
it won’t operate properly.
20
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Vermont Castings Defiant
In general, the fire must be sufficiently well-
established to ensure that catalytic activity is initiated.
When first starting a fire, a medium- to high- firing rate
must be maintained until the stove, catalyst, and fuel
are all stabilized at the proper operating temperatures,
and the chimney is warmed.
Even though it is possible for the fire to get quite
hot within a few minutes after a fire is started, the
combustor may stop working or the fire may go out if
the fire dies down immediately as a result of the
damper being closed. Once the combustor starts
working, heat generated by burning the smoke will
keep it working.
finger-width size, and on the kindling lay two or three
larger sticks of split dry wood approximately 1-2" (25-50
mm) in diameter. (Fig. 27)
Also, never use gasoline-type lantern fuel, kero-
sene, charcoal lighter fluid, or similar liquids to start or
“freshen up” a fire. Keep all such liquids well away
from the Defiant while it is in use.
To determine whether the combustor is operating,
observe the amount of smoke leaving the chimney
when the damper is activated and when it is not. This
procedure is described on page 28.
Avoid using a full load of very dry wood in the
firebox. This may result in continuous very high
temperatures in the secondary combustion area and
damage the combustor. Wood which has been split,
and stored under cover for more than 18 months may
be considered very dry. If you must burn extra-dry
wood, mix it with greener wood for a longer fire and
less stress on the combustor. Also, do not use a full
load of dry slab wood or scrap wood. For long burns,
ST263
Fig. 27 Start the fire with newspaper and dry kindling.
3. Light the newspaper and close the door. Gradu-
ally build up the fire by adding a few 3-5" (80-120 mm)
diameter splits. If this is one of the first few “break-
in” fires, let the fire burn brightly, and then let it die
out.
During the break-in fires, do not let the stove get
hotter than 500°F. (260°C) as measured on an optional
stove-top thermometer. Adjust the air control lever as
necessary to control the fire.
Some odor from the stove’s hot metal, the paint,
and the cement is normal for the first few fires.
NOTE: Some chimneys must be “primed,” or
warmed up, before they will draw sufficiently to start a
fire. To correct this situation, roll up a couple pieces of
newspaper, place them on top of the kindling and
toward the back of the stove, light them, and close the
doors. This will encourage the smoke to rise rapidly,
making it easier to establish a good draft.
Once the draft is established, open the front door
and light the rest of the fuel from the bottom. Do not
light the main bed of fuel until the chimney begins
drawing, and repeat the procedure as often as neces-
sary if the initial attempt is unsuccessful.
use a mix of dry and moderately dry wood.
Conditioning Your Stove
Cast iron is extremely strong, but it can be broken
with a sharp blow from a hammer or from the thermal
shock of rapid and extreme temperature change.
The cast plates expand and contract with changes
in temperature. When you first begin using your
Defiant, minimize thermal stress by letting the plates
adjust gradually during three or four initial break-in fires
following Steps 1-3 below.
Starting and Maintaining a Wood Fire
Burn only solid wood in the Defiant, and burn it
directly on the grate. Do not elevate the fuel. Do not
burn coal or other fuels.
The damper must be open when starting a fire or
when refueling.
DO NOT USE CHEMICALS OR FLUIDS TO
START THE FIRE. DO NOT BURN GARBAGE OR
FLAMMABLE FLUIDS SUCH AS GASOLINE, NAPH-
THA, OR ENGINE OIL.
1. Open the stove damper, and open the primary air
control fully.
4. If your Defiant has been broken-in previously
using Steps 1-3, continue to build the fire gradually.
Add larger wood with a diameter of 3-4" (75-100 mm).
Continue adding split logs of this size to the briskly-
burning fire until there is a glowing ember bed at least
3" (75 mm) deep. (Fig. 28) A good ember bed is neces-
sary for proper functioning of the catalytic system and
may take an hour or more to establish.
2. Place several sheets of crumpled newspaper in
the stove. Do NOT use glossy advertisements or
colored paper, as they can poison the catalyst. Place
on the paper six or eight pieces of dry kindling split to a
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Vermont Castings Defiant
5. Close the damper when the griddle temperature
reaches 450°F (230˚C).
6. Adjust the air control for your desired heat
output.
For best results when refueling, wear long-cuffed
stove gloves to protect your hands and forearms, add
fuel while the stove still has plenty of glowing embers
to re-kindle the fire, and include some smaller pieces
of wood in the new fuel load to help the stove regain its
operating temperature quickly. Use this sequence as a
guide to successful refueling:
1. Open the damper.
2. De-ash the stove as described above. Open the
ashdoor and check the level of ash in the ash
pan. Empty the pan if necessary and replace it
in the stove. Close the ash door.
3. Open the griddle, load the wood (smaller pieces
first), and close the griddle.
4. Close the damper.
ST264
5. When the surface temperature reaches 450° F.
(230˚C), adjust the air control for the amount of
Fig. 28 Add larger pieces of wood as the fire begins to burn
well.
heat you desire.
NOTE: If the remaining charcoal bed is relatively
thick and if your fuel is well seasoned, it is possible to
add fresh fuel (smaller pieces first), close the door and
damper, and reset the primary air thermostat for the
desired heat output.
NOTE: Stove installations vary widely, and the
operating guidance given here is only a starting point .
The draft management information on pages 24 will
explain in detail how the features of your installation
may help or hinder good draft, and how you may need
to vary your firing technique if your installation doesn't
WARNING: OPERATE YOUR DEFIANT ONLY WITH
THE DOORS EITHER FULLY OPEN OR FULLY
CLOSED.
encourage a good draft.
Refuel While the Embers Are Still Hot
CAUTION: The Defiant will be hot while in
When reloading, best results will be achieved if
you first de-ash the stove by stirring the fuel bed to
allow ash to fall through the grate into the ash pan.
Do not break the charcoal into very small pieces or
pound or compress the charcoal bed.
It is important that air can circulate through the
charcoal bed during the burn. Larger pieces of char-
coal allow more air to circulate under the wood,
resulting in the fire reviving more quickly. (Fig. 29)
operation. Keep children, clothing and furniture
away. Contact may cause skin burns.
DO NOT OVERFIRE THIS HEATER. Overfiring
may cause a house fire, or can result in permanent
damage to the stove and to the catalytic combustor. If
any part of the Defiant other than the baffle and/or
catalytic combustor glows, you are overfiring.
The baffle is made of a special cast iron which can
withstand higher temperatures than most other parts of
your stove. It protects the catalytic element from direct
flame impingement, which can shorten the catalyst’s
life. Since the baffle is in the direct path of flame
between the firebox and the catalyst, it reaches higher
temperatures than other firebox parts, and it may glow
at times. If it does glow, you will see this directly
through the front doors. The glow is normal and does
not indicate a problem.
At times you may see a glow from the catalyst
shining through the ports of the baffle. This is also
normal and does not indicate a problem. The catalytic
element, located below and behind the baffle, can glow
at high temperatures. This is also normal. However, the
element can be active and operate properly without
glowing. The lack of a glow does not indicate that the
catalyst isn’t working. Note that the catalyst is most
ST264a
Fig. 29 Add full size logs aafter the ember bed is 3” (75mm)
deep.
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Vermont Castings Defiant
likely to glow at its higher temperatures, which it
reaches when the firebox is in its lower range - the
catalyst is an afterburner, and the more waste fuel there
is in the smoke, the hotter the catalyst gets.
We strongly advise the use of a stove-top thermom-
eter as a guide to stove performance. Normal operating
temperatures are between 450 degrees F (220˚C) and
700 degrees F (370˚C). Lower temperatures can
indicate incomplete combustion and weak draft; higher
temperatures can shorten the life of the castings.
Ash Disposal
Routine ash removal is important for ease of mainte-
nance, and is important for the stove's durability.
Remove ash before it reaches the top of the ash pan.
Check the level at least once a day. Every few days,
clear any ash from the outer edges of the firebox. Most
of the ash will fall through the grate. Slice or stir the
ash with a shovel or poker so that it falls through the
grate slots.
ST566
Fig. 31 Be sure the cover is securely attached before
removing the ash pan.
• If the stove is in operation, close the ash door while
disposing of the ash. You may need to lift the latch
end of the door slightly to align the latch with the
mating part on the stove bottom.
• Properly dispose of the ash in a metal container with
a tight-fitting lid. Store the container outdoors away
from all combustible material.
IMPORTANT: Check the level of ash in the ash pan
before reloading the stove. If the ash level is close
to the top edge of the pan, empty the pan according
to this procedure:
• Return the ash pan to its original position in the
stove, and close and latch the ash door. Fig. 31.
• Do not operate the stove with the ash door open.
This will result in over-firing, and could cause
damage to the stove, void the warranty, or even lead
to a house fire.
Empty the ash pan regularly, typically every one to
three days. The frequency will vary depending on how
you operate your Defiant: ash will accumulate faster at
• Open the damper.
• Open the griddle or front doors, and use a shovel or
poker to stir excess ash through the ash slots in the
grate down into the ash pan.
• Close the griddle or doors, and unlatch the ash door.
(Fig. 30) It will pivot, swinging the ash pan out of the
stove.
• Slide the cover onto the pan, making sure it is
securely closed. (Fig. 31)
• Remove the ash pan, making sure to keep it level.
• To keep the cover from sliding off and to keep ash
from falling on the floor, do not tilt the ash pan
forward.
higher heat outputs.
Remove ash frequently and place it outdoors in a
metal container with a tight-fitting lid. Place the closed
container of ash on a noncombustible floor or on the
ground, well away from all combustible materials,
pending final disposal. If the ash is disposed of by
burial in soil or otherwise locally dispersed, it should be
kept in the closed container until all cinders have
thoroughly cooled.
You can use wood ash as a garden fertilizer.
CAUTION: Never use your household or shop
vacuum cleaner to remove ash from the stove; always
remove and dispose of the ash properly.
Open
Close
ST546
Fig. 30 Turn the ashdoor handle clockwise to open and
counterclockwise to close.
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Chimney Height
DRAFT MANAGEMENT
The common wisdom tells us that a taller flue draws
better than a short one. This isn't necessarily so. If a
chimney is tall enough to meet the safety requirements
of the 2/3/10 foot rule, then adding more height isn't
the right answer to a draft problem. In fact it could
make the problem worse, by adding more mass to the
chimney system, which the smoke must warm up, at
the far end from the heat source (the stove). Don't
make a chimney taller unless you must to meet the
safety rules, or unless there's some nearby feature
causing a downdraft. Even then, there are downdraft-
preventing chimney caps available, which are probably
the smarter choice.
A stove is part of a system, which includes the
chimney, the operator, the fuel, and the home. The
other parts of the system will affect how well the stove
works. When there is a good match between all the
parts, the system works well.
Wood stove or insert operation depends on natural
(unforced) draft. Natural draft occurs when the smoke
is hotter (and therefore lighter) than the outdoor air at
the top of the chimney. The bigger the temperature
difference, the stronger the draft. As the smoke rises
from the chimney it provides suction or ‘draw’ that pulls
air into the stove for combustion. A slow, lazy fire with
the stove’s air inlets fully open indicates a weak draft.
A brisk fire, supported only by air entering the stove
through the normal inlets, indicates a good draft. The
stove’s air inlets are passive; they regulate how much
air can enter the stove, but they don’t move air into it.
Depending on the features of your installation -
steel or masonry chimney, inside or outside the house,
matched to the stove’s outlet or oversized - your
system may warm up quickly, or it may take a while to
warm up and operate well. With an ‘airtight’ stove, one
which restricts the amount of air getting into the
firebox, the chimney must keep the smoke warm all
the way to the outdoors in order for the stove to work
well. Some chimneys do this better than others. Here’s
Flue Sizing
The inside size of a chimney for an ‘airtight’ stove
should match the size of the stove’s flue outlet. When
a chimney serves an airtight, more is not better; in fact,
it can be a disadvantage. Hot gases lose heat through
expansion; if we vent a stove with a six-inch flue collar
(28 square inch area) into a 10 x 10" flue, the gases
expand to over three times their original size. This
cools the gases, which weakens draft strength. If an
oversized flue is also outside the house, the heat it
absorbs gets transferred to the outdoor air and the flue
usually stays cool.
It’s common for a masonry flue, especially one
serving a fireplace, to be oversized for the stove. It can
take quite a while to warm up such a flue, and the
results can be disappointing. The best solution to an
oversized flue is an insulated steel chimney liner, the
same diameter as the stove or insert’s flue outlet; the
liner keeps the smoke warm, and the result is a
stronger draft. An uninsulated liner is a second choice -
the liner keeps the smoke restricted to its original size,
but the smoke still must warm up the air around the
a list of features and their effects.
Masonry Chimney
Masonry is a traditional material for chimneys, but it
can perform poorly when it serves an ‘airtight’ stove.
Masonry is a very effective ‘heat sink’ - it absorbs a lot
of heat. It can cool the smoke enough to diminish draft.
The bigger the chimney, the longer it takes to warm
up. It’s often very difficult to warm up an outdoor
masonry chimney, especially an oversized one, and
keep it warm enough to maintain an adequate draft.
liner. This makes the warm-up process take longer.
Pipe & Chimney Layout
Steel Chimney
Every turn the smoke must take as it travels to the
chimney top will slow it down. The ideal pipe and
chimney layout is straight up from the stove, to a
completely straight chimney. If you’re starting from
scratch, use this layout if possible. If the stovepipe
must elbow to enter a chimney, locate the thimble
about midway between the stove top and the ceiling.
This achieves several goals: it lets the smoke speed up
before it must turn, it leaves some pipe in the room for
heat transfer, and it gives you long-term flexibility for
installing a different stove without relocating the
thimble.
Most factory-made steel chimneys have a layer of
insulation around the inner flue. This insulation keeps
the smoke warm. The insulation is less dense than
masonry, so a steel chimney warms up more quickly
than a masonry chimney. Steel doesn’t have the good
looks of masonry, but it performs much better.
Indoor/Outdoor Location
Because the chimney must keep the smoke warm, it’s
best to locate it inside the house. This uses the house
as insulation for the flue and allows some heat release
into the home. An indoor chimney won’t lose its heat to
the outdoors, so it takes less heat from the stove to
heat it up and keep it warm.
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Vermont Castings Defiant
weight; it can lose a third or more of its weight as it
dries. Also look at the ends of a log; as it dries it
shrinks and often cracks. The more weathered and
cracked a piece is, the drier it is.
There should be no more than eight feet of single-
wall stove pipe between the stove and a chimney;
longer runs can cool the smoke enough to cause draft
and creosote problems. With prefabricated chimney,
bring it down to six to eight feet from the stove. With a
masonry chimney, arrange the pipe layout to elbow into
the chimney within eight feet of the stove.
Dry wood burns readily with a good chimney draft.
But with modern stoves, especially catalytic ones, the
wood can be too dry. While extra-dry wood has little
creosote in it, the remainder can ‘gas out’ from the
wood quickly and densely enough to overload the
catalytic burner. If you hear a rumbling or roaring
noise, like a propane torch, from the stove, that is a
sign that the catalyst is seriously overfiring. The
catalyst is a platinum film on a ceramic base; the metal
can get to higher temperatures than the ceramic can
take, and overfiring the catalyst can break it. Dry wood
can also burn out faster than you want. If your dry
wood burns out too quickly or overloads the catalyst
Single Venting
Each ‘airtight’ stove requires its own flue. If an airtight
stove is vented to a flue that also serves an open
fireplace, or a leakier stove, it’s easier for the chimney
draft to pull air in through those channels than it is to
pull air through the airtight, and performance suffers.
Imagine a vacuum cleaner with a hole in the hose to
see the effect here. In some cases the other appliance
can even cause a negative draft through the airtight,
and result in a dangerous draft reversal.
you can mix in greener wood to slow the fire down.
Back-puffing
Creosote
Back-puffing results when the fire produces volatile
gases faster than the chimney draft pulls them out of
the firebox. The gases back up in the firebox till they’re
dense enough and hot enough to ignite. If your stove
back-puffs, you should open up the damper to let the
smoke rise to the flue more quickly, let more air into
the firebox, and avoid big loads of firewood. You
should always see lively, dancing flames in the firebox;
a lazy, smoky fire is inefficient and can contribute to
creosote buildup in the chimney.
Creosote is a by-product of slow wood-burning. It’s
an organic tar that can condense in the flue if it’s
dense in the smoke, and slow-moving, and cools off to
less than 290 degrees F (130˚C). Condensed creosote
is volatile, and can generate chimney fires if it gets hot
enough. All the features that affect chimney draft also
affect creosote condensation - so use whatever
combination of installation features and operational
steps will encourage good draft and minimize creosote
production.
Because letting the smoke cool off and slow down
is one of the keys to creosote production, it makes
sense to line a chimney to match the stove’s outlet size,
for safety reasons as well as performance. Canadian
law requires a matching liner to serve any stove or
insert vented through a fireplace chimney; in the US,
the National Fire Protection Association recommends
one if the flue is more than three times bigger (in
square area) than the outlet on the stove or insert.
Some localities enforce the NFPA guidelines as part of
Draft Testing
An easy way to test your chimney draft is to close the
stove’s damper, wait a few minutes to let the airflow
stabilize, then see whether you can vary the strength
of the fire by swinging the air control open and closed.
Results are not always instant; you may need to wait a
few minutes for a change in the air control setting to
have an effect on the fire. If there’s no change, then
the draft isn’t strong enough yet to let you close the
damper, and you’ll need to open it for a while longer
and manage the fire with the air inlet until the draft
strengthens. If you keep track of your burning habits
and relate them to their effects on the stove’s opera-
tion, you’ll be rewarded with good performance and a
safe system.
their building codes.
Fuel
Even the best stove installation will not perform
well with poor fuel. The best fuel is hardwood that has
air-dried 12-18 months. Softwood burns, but not as
long as hardwood. Fairly ‘green’ wood has a lot of
moisture in it; it will burn, but some of the heat potential
is used to drive the remaining moisture off the wood.
This reduces the amount of heat that reaches your
home and can contribute to a creosote problem. There
are moisture meters available for firewood; you can
also judge your wood by its appearance and weight. If
you get it green, lift a piece and get a sense of its
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Negative Pressure
Good draft also depends on a supply of air to the
stove; a chimney can’t pull in more air than is available
to it. Sluggish draft results when a house is tight
enough to prevent the ready flow of air to the stove, or
by competition between the stove and other equipment
that sends indoor air outside - especially power-driven
equipment like range hoods, clothes dryers, etc. If the
chimney draws well with all other equipment turned off
(or sealed, in the case of fireplaces and/or other
stoves), then you simply need to be careful with timing
the use of the other gear. If you need to crack a nearby
window or door to enable the chimney to pull well,
that’s a sign that you should install an outside-air
intake to bring combustion air directly to the stove. An
outside air adapter will attach to the stove to connect
an air duct for outdoor combustion air.
Conclusion
Wood-burning is an art rather than a science. Once the
stove and chimney system are in place, you can only
vary your technique, mostly your timing, to achieve
good results. If you keep track of your burning habits
and relate them to their effects on the stove’s opera-
tion, you’ll be rewarded with good performance and a
safe system.
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Maintenance
Keep Your Stove Looking New and
Removing the Glass
Working Its Best
1. Remove the right and left door assemblies by
raising the door until the lower hinge pin clears its
hole; then, angle the door bottom slightly outward
and pull down to release the upper hinge pin. Place
the doors face down on a padded work surface. Be
especially careful with enamelled doors.
2. Remove the screws that hold the glass retainer clips
in place, and remove the clips.
3. Carefully lift the broken glass panel from the door.
Let the fire in the stove go out and allow the stove to
cool completely before beginning any maintenance
procedure.
Care of the Cast Iron Surface
An occasional dusting with a dry rag will keep the
painted cast iron of your Defiant looking new.
The stove’s paint can be touched up as needed.
First, mask the areas, such as enamelled parts, glass,
or handles, around the spot to be painted. Clean the
spot with a wire brush. Remove the griddle and set it
aside. It is normal for the griddle to darken after use.
You can clean it with a fine-bristle wire brush, or steel
wool.
Installing the Glass
Check the gasket around the window; it should be soft
and resilient so that the glass will seal properly against
the door. Replace the gasket if it has hardened or if it
is compressed.
1. Center the glass on the gasket. Be sure to place the
glass so that the infrared reflective coating is on the
exterior side, facing toward the room.
2. Secure the glass on both doors with the retainer
clips. Tighten all screws. (Fig. 32)
3. Replace the doors on the stove.
Then, touch up the stove with Vermont Castings’ high
temperature stove paint. Apply the paint sparingly; two
light coats of paint are better than a single heavy one.
Care of the Porcelain Enamel Surface
Use a dry or slightly damp rag or soft brush to remove
spills or stains. For difficult jobs that require a cleaning
agent, use only a kitchen appliance cleaner or polish
recommended for use on enamel surfaces.
4. Open and close the doors to check that they fit and
work properly. Adjust as necessary.
Cleaning the Glass
Most of the carbon deposits on the glass will burn
off during hot fires.
Retainer
Clips (4)
However, the ash residue that accumulates on the
glass surface should be removed regularly to prevent
etching. To clean the glass, follow this procedure:
• Be sure the glass is completely cool.
• Clean the glass with water or a cleaner made
especially for this purpose. Do not use abrasive
cleaners. Use cleaning agents sparingly and be
sure to keep them off the outer surfaces of the
stove.
Glass Panel
Gasket
ST547
• Rinse the glass thoroughly.
• Dry the glass completely.
Fig. 32 An exploded view of the glass assembly on the left
door.
Replace Broken Glass Immediately
Do not operate your stove if the glass in the doors
is damaged.
If you need to replace the glass, use only the high
temperature ceramic glass supplied by Vermont
Castings. Do not use substitutes. Be sure to specify
left or right glass; the panels are not interchangeable,
due to a heat-reflective coating on the side toward the
room.
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Check the Operation of the
Pressure
Adjusting
Screw
Primary Air Shutter
Lock Nut
Damper
Allen
Wrench
The primary air shutter is at the back of the ash
drop and is visible from the back of the stove. (Fig. 33)
The shutter must open and close freely when you
move the thermostat lever. If it doesn’t, remove any
obstruction. If you need assistance, consult your local
Vermont Castings Authorized Dealer.
ST554
Do not change the adjustment of the cable in an
attempt to gain increased firing. The air shutter controls
how much air can enter the stove, but chimney draft is
the force that pulls air into the stove. If changing the
thermostat handle position does not lead to changes in
the fire's intensity within four or five minutes, it's
probably due to weak chimney draft (in the case of a
weak fire you can't increase) or an air leak in the stove
(in the case of a fire you can't decrease).
Fig. 34 Adjust the damper with the Allen wrench.
Tighten the Damper Handle as Needed
A handle on the left side of the stove controls the
damper. The handle attaches to the damper rod with a
set screw. Periodically check the set screw and tighten
as necessary.
How to Adjust the Door Latches
The Defiant’s doors should close securely to
prevent accidental opening and to keep air from
leaking into the stove. On adequately adjusted doors,
the handles should resist slightly as they are turned to
the closed position and the doors themselves should
be drawn slightly toward the stove.
T
AN
I
F
E
D
Over time, the gasket around the doors will com-
press and the latches may need adjustment.
To adjust the latches, loosen the small lock nut, rotate
the striker screw a half-turn, and re-tighten the small
lock nut. (Fig. 35) Your stove kit includes an Allen
wrench for latch adjustments. Hold the striker screw to
keep it from turning as you tighten the lock nut. Make
ST548
Primary Air Shutter
repeated small adjustments until the setting is right.
Fig. 33 The primary air shutter must move freely.
Pawl
Adjust the Damper as Needed
Small
The tension on the Defiant's damper is adjustable to
compensate for compression of the gasket that seals
the damper to the upper fireback. To adjust the
damper:
Locking Nut
Striker Screw
Large
Locking
Nut
1. Remove the griddle. Loosen the lock nut at the
center of the damper. (Fig. 34)
2. Turn the pressure screw approximately one half turn
clockwise with an Allen wrench provided with your
stove.
3. Tighten the lock nut. Prevent the pressure screw
from turning as you tighten the nut. Re-test the
Set Screw
damper.
Handle Stub
ST531
Fig. 35 Turn the door latch striker screw in or out to tighten of
loosen the screw.
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Burning “green” (insufficiently seasoned) wood will
result in poorer performance than burning properly
seasoned fuel. You may have to run your stove hotter
(more air) to achieve acceptable performance using
green or wet wood.
Also, consider any changes in your operating
routine.
Once you have ruled out any other possible causes
for a decline in performance, inspect and clean the
combustor if necessary. Be sure to protect any surface
The Catalytic Element
This wood heater contains a catalytic combustor,
which needs periodic inspection and replacement for
proper operation. In the United States it is against the
law to operate this wood heater in a manner inconsis-
tent with the operating instructions in this manual, or if
the catalytic element is deactivated or removed.
Under normal operating conditions, the catalytic
combustor should remain active for two to six years
(depending on the amount of wood burned). However,
it is important to monitor the combustor periodically to
ensure that it is functioning properly, as well as to
determine when it needs to be replaced. A non-
functioning combustor will result in a loss of heating
you use for setting the stove parts aside.
Inspecting the Combustor
1. Lift the baffle off its support brackets, and then
remove it from the stove and place it on a protected
surface. (Fig. 36)
efficiency, and an increase in creosote and emissions.
2. Use a flashlight, and a mirror if necessary, to exam-
ine the combustor. If no fly ash or damage is visible,
the inspection is complete and you may replace the
baffle. If closer examination or cleaning is needed,
Inspection and Cleaning
Inspect the combustor “in place” for fly ash accu-
mulation and physical damage three times per year.
Clean the combustor as needed. Do not remove the
combustor unless a more detailed inspection is war-
ranted because of diminished performance as outlined
in the next section.
The refractory package that houses the catalytic
combustor should be inspected annually for a buildup
of fly ash and cleaned if necessary. This may be done
go to the next section.
Baffle Support
Brackets
when you examine the combustor.
When To Suspect a Combustor Problem
The best way to evaluate the performance of your
Defiant’s combustor is to observe the amount of smoke
leaving the chimney — both when the combustor has
“lighted-off” and when it has not. Follow these steps:
• With a fire going and the combustor properly
activated, with the damper closed to route smoke
through it as described in the Operation Section, go
outside and observe the smoke leaving the chim-
ney.
Catalytic
Element
ST555
Fig. 36 Lift the baffle off its supports to inspect the catlyst.
• Then, open the stove damper and once again check
the smoke leaving the chimney.
Removing and Cleaning the Combustor
You should see significantly more smoke when the
stove damper is open and exhaust does not pass
through the combustor. However, be careful not to
confuse smoke with steam from wet wood. Steam
dissipates in the air quickly; smoke does not.
If this test indicates a problem, consider other
possible factors as well, such as the weather or a
change in the quality of your fuel. In warm weather,
draft is weaker than it is in colder winter weather, and
fires can burn sluggishly. Small, hot fires are a good
1. Remove the firebricks. Lift off the steel clip and
remove the bricks individually. (Fig. 37)
2. Tap the left and right wedges upward, and remove
the lower fireback by pulling it forward. You can
either let it lie face down on the firebox floor, or
remove it from the stove, through the front door
opening. (Fig. 38)
solution under these conditions.
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Alignment Notches
Right Wedge
Left Wedge
Catalytic
Element
Brick Guide
Brick Clip
Catalytic Access
Panel
ST558
Bricks
ST556
Fig. 39 Remove and inspect the catalytic element.
Fig. 37 Remove the bricks and the brick retainer.
5. Inspect the element for damage or degradation.
Although small hairline cracks will not affect perfor-
mance, the element should be essentially intact. If
the element is broken in pieces or has sections
missing, it should be replaced. Call your local
Vermont CastingsMajestic Products Company
Authorized Dealer for a replacement element.
While the catalytic element is removed, check the
condition of the secondary air probe. Use an inspection
mirror to locate the probe within the combustion
chamber. (Fig. 40) The probe should extend 1” to 1¹⁄₂”
into the chamber and show no signs of excessive
deterioration, such as warping, corrosion, or short
length. A damaged secondary air probe can affect
catalytic performance. If the probe needs replacement,
contact your local dealer.
Lower Fireback
ST557
Fig. 38 Remove the lower fireback.
3. Carefully remove the catalytic combustor’s refractory
access cover, then remove the combustor. The
refractory material is brittle; handle it carefully. (Fig.
39)
4. Check the combustor's honeycomb-like element for
a buildup of fly ash. If any is evident, take the
combustor outside and clean it by blowing air gently
through it. Do not push anything through the honey-
comb; do not use compressed air to clear the
passages. Such abrasion can scrape the thin
coating of platinum (the catalyst) off the ceramic
base, shortening the catalyst's life and reducing its
effectiveness.
1"
ST559
Fig. 40 Use an inspection mirror to check the reflected view
of the secondary probe.
30
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Wait until the fire is out and the stove has cooled.
Be sure to follow the standard safety procedure for
working with dusty materials: wear safety goggles and
a dust mask.
The procedure for replacing gaskets is the same,
regardless of the gasket location. Follow these eight
steps:
6. If the element is in good condition and clean, re-
install it in the stove and replace the refractory
access cover.
7. Replace the fireback, the five bricks and their clip,
the left and right wedges, and the baffle. When you
install the lower fireback, be sure to align the two
slight recesses in its bottom forward edge behind
the mating tabs on the firebox floor. (Fig. 37) When
you install the wedges, be sure to place their rear
vertical edges against the outermost left and right
edges of the lower fireback, to ensure a good seal
between the lower fireback and the stove's outer
back. Tap them downward to seat them snugly, but
do not overly tight.
1. Remove the existing gasket by grasping an end and
pulling firmly. (Fig. 41)
2. Use a wire brush or the tip of a screwdriver to clean
the channel of any remaining cement or bits of gasket.
Remove stubborn deposits of cement with a cold chisel
if necessary. (Fig. 41)
8. Clean the chimney and chimney connector.
Operate the stove in your usual manner for two
weeks, inspecting the chimney and the chimney
connector frequently during this period.
If creosote does not build up as fast, it is likely that
the performance change was caused by fly ash depos-
its on the catalytic element. However, continue the
inspections of the chimney system for a few weeks to
ensure that proper performance continues.
If you continue to find a significant creosote
buildup or if you continue to see excessive smoke from
the chimney, the catalytic element will need to be
replaced. Contact your nearest Vermont Castings’
Authorized Dealer for information about a replacement
element.
ST561
Fig. 41 Remove gasket then clean channel with wire brush.
3. Determine the correct length of the appropriate-
sized gasket by laying it out in the channel. Allow an
extra 1-2" (25-50 mm), and mark the spot to be cut.
4. Remove the gasket from the channel, place it on a
wood cutting surface, and cut it at the marked spot with
a utility knife.
NOTE: Use only the replacement catalyst supplied
by a Vermont Castings Majestic Products Company
dealer.
Twist the ends slightly to keep the gasket from unravel-
ing.
Replace the Stove Gaskets as Needed
5. Lay an unbroken 1/8" (3 mm) bead of gasket cement
in the newly-cleaned channel. (Fig. 42)
Your Defiant uses fiberglass rope gaskets to make
a tight seal between some parts. With use, particularly
on moving parts, gaskets can become brittle and
compressed and can begin to lose their effectiveness.
These will need periodic replacement.
The sizes of replaceable gasket are listed below,
along with their applications.
6. Starting at one end, press the gasket into the
channel. (Fig. 42) Ensure a good joint where the
gasket meets before trimming any excess. Do not
overlap the gasket ends or leave ends with ragged
edges.
Gasket Diameter... ...And the Parts it Seals
5/16"
The griddle to the stove top
(wire reinforced gasket)
5/16"
The damper to the upper fireback; the
front doors to the stove front; and the
doors to each other.
3/8"
The ash door to the front of the bottom
panel
ve Gasket
Sto
Cement
If you need to change a gasket, first obtain an
appropriate replacement from your Vermont Castings
Majestic Products Company Authorized Dealer.
ST561
Fig. 42 Lay a bead of gasket cement then press gasket in
place.
31
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Vermont Castings Defiant
7. Press the gasketed part firmly against its normal
mating surface to seat the gasket evenly in its channel.
Close and latch the door to do this, or tap other parts
with the rubber mallet (or hammer/block of wood).
Inspect the system every two weeks during the
heating season as part of a regular maintenance
schedule. To inspect the chimney, let the stove cool
completely. Then, using a mirror and a strong light,
sight up through the flue collar into the chimney flue. If
you cannot inspect the flue system in this fashion, the
stove must be disconnected to provide better viewing
access.
Clean the chimney using a brush the same size
and shape as the flue liner. Flexible fiberglass rods are
used to run the brush up and down the liner, causing
any deposits to fall to the bottom of the chimney where
they can be removed through the clean-out door.
Clean the chimney connector by disconnecting the
sections, taking them outside, and removing any
deposits with a stiff wire brush. Reinstall the connector
sections after cleaning, being sure to secure the joints
between individual sections with sheet metal screws.
If you cannot inspect or clean the chimney your-
self, contact your local Vermont CastingsMajestic
Products Company Dealer or a professional chimney
8. Clean any excess cement from around the channel,
then let the cement that holds the new gasket dry
thoroughly.
Adjust the Door Latch If Necessary
The stove’s doors may need adjustment after you have
regasketed them. Initially, it may require loosening the
latch to accommodate the new gasket; after a few
weeks, it may need tightening to compensate for
compression of the new gasket. The directions for
adjusting the latches are on page 28.
Permanent Defiant Gaskets
Other gaskets form seals between non-moving parts,
but these are not subject to the same wear and dete-
rioration as gaskets on moving parts. It is unlikely that
you will ever need to replace these gaskets unless the
involved parts are disassembled and then put back
together. If this is the case, the job should be done
only by a qualified service technician.
sweep.
Annual Maintenance
5/16" diameter gasket seals the following parts:
• The lower fireback to the back panel
• The left and right air plates (inner sides)
The Chimney System
Creosote
Every Spring, at the end of the heating season, per-
form a thorough cleaning, inspection and repair:
• Thoroughly clean the chimney and chimney connector.
• Inspect the chimney for damage and
deterioration.Replace weak sections of prefabricated
chimney. Have a mason make repairs to a masonry
chimney.
• Inspect the chimney connector and replace any
damaged sections.
• Check gasketing for wear or compression, and
replace if necessary.
• Inspect and clean the catalytic element. Lightly clean
the refractory assembly that houses the element but be
careful not to damage the refractory material, which is
very fragile.
• Clean the glass. Ash left on the glass can etch it,
resulting in a chalky appearance. Also check for
cracking; replace if needed.
• Check door and damper handles for tightness. Adjust
if needed.
• Check heat shield screws. Tighten as necessary.
• Clean dust from the inner sides of bottom, rear and
connector heat shields.
• Use a clean, dry, fine-bristle wire brush to remove any
built-up accumulation on the top of the griddle. It is
normal for the griddle to darken with use, and this is not
treatable.
Your Defiant is designed to reduce creosote build-
up significantly. However, regular chimney inspection
and maintenance must still be performed. For safety,
good stove performance, and to protect your chimney
and chimney connector, inspect your chimney and
chimney connector on a regular schedule. Clean the
system if necessary. Failure to keep the chimney and
connector system clean can result in a serious chim-
ney fire.
When wood is burned slowly, it produces tar,
organic vapors and moisture that combine to form
creosote. The creosote vapors condense in the rela-
tively cool chimney flue of a slow-burning fire. As a
result, creosote residue accumulates on the flue lining.
When ignited, this creosote makes an extremely hot
fire within the flue system that can damage the chim-
ney and overheat adjacent combustible material. If a
significant layer of creosote has accumulated —1/8" (3
mm) or more — it should be removed to reduce the
risk of a chimney fire.
• Remove ashes from the ash pan and replace with
moisture absorbing material (such as cat litter) to keep
the stove interior dry.
If you do experience a chimney fire, act promptly to:
• Close the damper and thermostat lever.
• Get everyone out of the house.
• Touch up the paint on black stoves.
• Call the Fire Department.
32
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Appendix: Catalytic Combustor
In any chemical reaction, including the combustion
process, there are certain conditions which must be
met before the reaction can take place. For example,
a reaction may require a certain temperature, or a
certain concentration of the reactants (the combustion
gases and oxygen), or a certain amount of time.
Catalysts act at a molecular level to change these
requirements, though they are not changed themselves
during the reaction. In the Defiant's secondary com-
bustion chamber the catalyst reduces the temperature
at which secondary combustion can start from the
1000 - 1200° F. (540 - 650° C) range to the 500 - 600°
F. (260 - 315° C) range, increasing efficiency, and
reducing creosote and emissions.
wood, coal, household trash, colored papers, metal
foils, or plastics. Chemical chimney cleaners may also
contain harmful elements. The safest approach is to
burn only untreated, natural wood.
Flame Impingement
The catalytic element is not designed for exposure
to direct flame. If you continually overfire your Defiant,
the chemistry of the catalyst coating may be altered,
inhibiting the combustion process. Do not use your
Defiant with the baffle removed or damaged, as it
shields the catalytic element from direct flame.
Thermal degradation of the ceramic base may also
occur, causing the element to disintegrate. Stay within
The catalytic reaction does have some limitations
of its own. Primary among these is that the reactants
(the gases) come into close physical contact with the
catalyst itself.
To ensure the necessary contact, the catalytic
element in your Defiant is a ceramic base in the shape
of a honeycomb. Each of the honeycomb’s many
surfaces carries a coating of the catalyst (usually a
noble metal such as platinum or palladium). The large
surface area exposed in this way ensures that the
combustion gases have the greatest opportunity to
come in contact with the catalyst.
Loss of catalytic activity will be apparent in several
ways. First you may notice an increase in fuel con-
sumption. Second, there will be a visible increase in
the rate at which creosote builds up in your chimney
connector system. You may also notice a heavy
discharge of smoke from the chimney. There are a
number of catalytic problems which can cause loss of
the recommended guidelines of the Operation section.
Overfiring
At low firing rates, especially with a large load of fuel,
the catalytic element can become overloaded with
gases which do not burn in the firebox. This puts
increased strain on the catalytic element, causing it to
operate near or even beyond the high end of its normal
temperature range. An immediate sign of this is a low
rumbling sound, or a sound like a small gas torch,
coming from the stove's rear chamber. If you frequently
hear such a sound, or continually see a bright glow
through the baffle, open up the stove's primary air
valve to make the fire burn more cleanly in the firebox,
and cut back on the size of your firewood load. Essen-
tially the catalyst is an afterburner, and will last longer
under lighter loads.
Mechanical Damage
activity:
If the element is mishandled, damage may occur.
Always treat the element carefully. Remember the
catalyst is made of a ceramic material; treat it as you
would fine china. Hairline cracks will not affect the
performance of the catalyst, as long as the steel sleeve
holds the element in the proper position.
Blockage
While the honeycomb pattern ensures good contact, it
also increases the resistance to flow of the combustion
gases, and, because of the many surfaces, provides
more places for creosote and fly ash to deposit. It is
important to follow the operating instructions in order to
minimize these deposits, and to periodically inspect
your catalyst for signs of blockage.
Peeling
The surface coat may peel if the catalytic element is
frequently subjected to excessive temperatures.
Follow the operating instructions carefully to avoid this
type of damage.
Masking and Poisoning
While the catalyst itself does not enter into the
combustion process, certain elements, such as lead
and sulfur, can attach to the active sites on the surface
of the honeycomb. Though the catalyst is still there, it
is covered, or masked, by the contaminant, and cannot
function. To avoid this situation, it is important not to
burn anything in your Defiant that is a source of these
contaminants. Particularly avoid painted or treated
General
Every Vermont Castings’ Defiant is equipped with
either a Corning “Long-Life”® or an Applied Ceramics
combustor. The products are equivalent.
If you must ship your catalytic element for any
reason, remember its fragile nature. Place the element
in a plastic bag, and package it with a generous
amount of shock absorbing material.
33
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Appendix: Chimney and Fireplace Hazards
General -
A. Improper chimney height. The top of the chimney
must be at least 3 feet higher than the spot where it
passes through or past the roof, or two feet higher
than everything else within ten feet horizontally,
whichever is higher.
B
A
C
B. Deteriorated chimney cap
C. Structural defects indicated by creosote stains on
outside of chimney
D. Blockage within chimney
E. Improper clearance between chimney and nearby
combustibles (less than 2" - check local codes)
K. Loose or leaky cleanout door
E
F
For a fireplace -
D
F. Improper clearance between smoke chamber and
framing materials - (less than 2" - check local codes)
G. Creosote buildup on smoke shelf
G
H. Structural deterioration
I. Loose or broken bricks or mortar
J. Insufficient hearth depth. The hearth must extend
16" (18"/460mm in Canada) beyond the fireplace
opening. With a fireplace insert, or a free-standing
stove vented through a fireplace, the hearth must
extend 16" (18"/460mm in Canada) beyond the front
H
door opening of the stove or insert.
I
J
K
H
ST562
34
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Vermont Castings Defiant
14
26
22
16
18
13
75
5
91
17
29
19
23
2
24
1
24
25
21
20
3
6
39
8
12
4
38
68
47
9
27
36
7
37
10
89
49
11
28
46
84
34
77
48
72
54
33
86
31
30
40
85
87
64
66
74
83
50
78
41
52
88
54
35
53
76
44
80
79
56
70
82
67
66
90
45
42
55
81
80
43
65
57
59
58
71
85
61
74
73
51
83
0968
The Vermont Castings Majestic Products Company reserves the right to make changes in design, materials, specifications, prices and discontinue
colors and products at any time, without notice.
Defiant Woodburning Stove
Item/Model Number
1. Secondary Air Cover Plate
2. Secondary Air Probe Assy
3. Secondary Air Link
4. Secondary Air Flap
5. Griddle Gasket
Part Number
1601492
1601489
1601486
1601490
1203668
1300631
Item/Model Number
7. Left Heat Deflector
8. Right Heat Deflector
9. Refractory Assy (Body only)
10. Catalytic Combustor
11. Refractory Access Panel
12. Thermostat Friction Spring
Part Number
1608629
1608630
1602512
30001152
1602511
6. Back
1201846
35
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Vermont Castings Defiant
Defiant (continued)
Item/Model Number
Part Number
Item/Model Number
51. Andiron Shelf
52. Leg Leveller
53. Ashdoor Handle Shaft
54. Door Latch Assy
55. Ashdoor
56. Ashdoor Handle (Wood)
57. Ashdoor Hinge Pin
58. C-Clip
59. Ashdoor Bottom Hinge Support
60. Ashpan
61. Ashpan Bracket
62. Ashpan Cover
63. Ashpan Cover Handle
64. Primary Air Valve Assy
65. Primary Air Frame3
66. Primary Air Rod3
67. Primary Air Valve3
68. Thermostat Handle
70. Airwash Manifold
71. Front
Part Number
1300640
1201745
1600622
50040258
1300619
1600663
1206061
1600553
1300642
1600068
1600060
1600069
1301254
5000024
1307411
1600058
1307412
1600660
1300627
1300624
5005471
1300626
1300645
1300632
1601396
5004237
1300625
1203588
1203512
1600064
1600062
1600547
1201779
1600547
1600650
1600620
1201294
1201243
1600064
1202475
0005928
13. Left Griddle Quadrant
14. Right Griddle Quadrant
16. Griddle
1301807
1301832
1301641
1600657
1600070
1201308
5000030
1300643
1300633
1300634
1601488
1600065
1201895
1300635
1300638
1301374
1201310
1600644
5004265
1300630
1300637
1300636
1300629
5004264
5005470
1300639
1300622
1300620
1600059
1300618
1300621
1300628
1300644
1601103
1600066
1300646
17. Griddle Handle
18. Griddle Handle Spacer
19. Griddle Handle Bolt
20. Upper Firebrick Assy
21. Damper Ramp1
22. Upper Firebrick1
23. Damper1
24. Damepr Tab1
25. Damper Rod1
26. Griddle Handle Bushing
27. Throat Baffle
28. Lower Fireback
29. Upper Fireback Bolt
30. Damper Handle Screw
31. Damper Handle
33. Damper Handle Base Assy
34. Left Side
35. Left Air Plate (Inner Side)
36. Right Air Plate (Inner Side)
37. Right Side
38. Thermostat Handle Base Assy
39. Thermostat Assy
40. Grate
41. Primary Air Cover Plate
42. Top Ashdoor Hinge Support
43. Door Handle Holder
44. Bottom
72. Thermostat Cable
73. Left Door
74. Door Hinge Strip
75. Top
76. Glass Clip
77. Front Door Handle & Shaft
78. Right Door
79. Door Gasket
80. Glass Gasket
81. Left Door Glass2
82. Right Door Glass2
83. Lower Door Hinge Pin
84. Spacer (for Damper Rod)
85. Upper Door Hinge Pin
86. Handle Base Stub4
87. Ceramic Handle4
88. Handle Bolt4
45. Ashlip
46. Left Side Wedge
47. Right Side Wedge
48. Firebrick (1¹⁄₄” x 4¹⁄₂” x 9”)
49. Firebrick Retainer
50. Andiron
89. Thermostat Handle Bolt
90. Ash Pan Cover Assy
91. Flate Washer
NOTES:
In this diagram and throughout this manual, ‘left’ and
‘right’ mean as you face the stove.
Finish Bag
When ordering parts, be sure to mention the stove’s
model number. When ordering external pars, be sure to
specify color.
1.Included in Item #20, #5000030 Upper Fireback Assy.
2.Not interchangeable, due to a heat-reflective coating
on the room side of the glass.
3.Included in Item #64, 5000024 Primary Air Assy.
4.Included in #5004282 Ceramic Handle Assy.
The hardware in the Defiant is in standard sizes; most
bolts are 1/4” diameter by 20 threads per inch. Any
hardware store can supply replacement hardware if you
specify bolt diameter, number of threads per inch and
length.
36
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Warranty
Exclusions & Limitations
Limited 3 Year Warranty
1. This warranty is transferable; however, proof of original retail
purchase is required.
The Vermont Castings Majestic Products Company warrants that
this woodburning stove will be free of defects in material and
workmanship for a period of three years from the date you receive
it, except that the catalyst, thermostat assembly, handles, glass
door panels, cement, and gasketing shall be warranted as
described below.
The Vermont Castings Majestic Products Company will repair or
replace, at its option, any part found to be defective upon inspection by
a Vermont Castings Majestic Products Company Authorized Dealer.
The customer must return the defective part or the stove, with shipping
prepaid, to the Authorized Dealer or pay for any Authorized Dealer in-
home travel fees or service charges for in-home repair work. It is the
dealer's option whether the repair work will be done in the customer's
home or in the dealer's shop. If, upon inspection, the damage is found
to be the fault of the manufacturer, repairs will be authorized at no
charge to the customer for parts and/or labor.
2. This warranty does not cover misuse of the Intrepid II. Misuse
includes overfiring which will result if the Intrepid II is used in such a
manner as to cause one or more of the plates to glow red. Overfiring
can be identified later by warped plates and areas where the paint
pigment has burned off. Overfiring in enamel fireplaces is identified by
bubbling, cracking, chipping and discoloration of the porcelain enamel
finish. The Vermont Castings Majestic Products Company offers no
warranty on chipping of enamel surfaces. Inspect your woodburning
stove prior to accepting it for any damage to the enamel.
3. This warranty does not cover misuse of the stove as described in
the Owner’s Guide, nor does it cover an stove which has been modified
unless authorized by a Vermont Castings Majestic Products Company
representative in writing. This warranty does not cover damage to the
Intrepid II caused by burning salt saturated wood, chemically treated
wood, or any fuel not recommended in the Owner’s Guide.
4. This warranty does not cover a stove repaired by someone other
than a Vermont Castings Majestic Products Company Authorized
Dealer.
5. Damage to the unit while in transit is not covered by this warranty
but is subject to a claim against the common carrier. Contact The
Vermont Castings Majestic Products Company Authorized Dealer from
whom you purchased your stove or The Vermont Castings Majestic
Products Company if the purchase was direct. (Do not operate the
stove as this may negate the ability to process the claim with the
carrier.)
6. Claims are not valid where the installation does not conform to
local building and fire codes or, in their absence, to the recommenda-
tions in our Owner’s Guide.
Any woodburning stove or part thereof that is repaired or
replaced during the limited warranty period will be warranted under the
terms of the limited warranty for a period not to exceed the remaining
term of the original limited warranty or six (6) months, whichever is
longer.
Limited 1 Year Warranty
The following parts of the woodburning stove are warranted to be free
of defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year from
the date you receive it: The thermostat assembly, handles, glass door
panels, cement, and gasketing. Any of these items found to be
defective will be repaired or replaced at no charge, upon the return of
the part with postage prepaid to a Vermont Castings Majestic
Products Company Authorized Dealer.
Any part repaired or replaced during the limited warranty period
will be warranted under the terms of the limited warranty for a period
not to exceed the remaining term of the original limited warranty or six
(6) months, whichever is longer.
7. The salt air environment of coastal areas, or a high-humidity
environment, can be corrosive to the porcelain enamel finish. These
conditions can cause rusting of the cast iron beneath the porcelain
enamel finish, which will cause the porcelain enamel finish to flake off.
This warranty does not cover damage caused by a salt air or high-
humidity environment.
8. The Vermont Castings Majestic Products Company shall have no
obligation to enhance or update any unit once manufactured.
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE VERMONT CASTINGS MAJESTIC
PRODUCTS COMPANY BE LIABLE FOR INCIDENTAL AND CONSE-
QUENTIAL DAMAGES. ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS,
ARE LIMITED TO THE DURATION OF THIS WRITTEN WARRANTY.
THIS WARRANTY SUPERCEDES ALL OTHER ORAL OR WRITTEN
WARRANTIES.
Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitations of
incidential and consequential damages or limitations on how long an
implied warranty lasts, so the above limitations may not apply to you.
This warranty gives you specific rights and you may have other rights
which vary from state to state.
Limited Catalyst Warranty
The catalyst will be warranted for a six year period as follows: If the
original catalyst or a replacement catalyst proves defective or ceases
to maintain 70% of its particulate emission reduction activity (as
measured by an approved testing procedure) within 24 months from
the date the Intrepid II is received, the catalyst itself will be replaced
free.
From 25 - 72 months a pro-rated credit will be allowed against a
replacement catalyst and the cost of labor necessary for its installation
at the time of replacement.
For stove purchases made after June 30, 1990, a third year
(25 - 36 months) of no charge replacement will be made when
combustor failure is due to thermal degradation of the substrate
(crumbling of ceramic material). The customer must pay for any in-
home travel fees, service charges, or transportation costs for returning
the Intrepid II to the Authorized Dealer.
How to Obtain Service
If a defect is noted within the warranty period, the customer should
contact a Vermont Castings Majestic Products Company Authorized
Dealer or The Vermont Castings Majestic Products Company if the
purchase was direct with the following information:
1. Name, address, and telephone number of the purchaser.
2. Date of purchase.
Amount of Time
Since Purchase
0 - 24 months
25 - 36 months
37 - 48 months
49 - 60 months
61 - 72 months
Credit Towards
Replacement Cost
100%
50 %
30%
20%
10%
3. Serial number from the label on the back.
4. Nature of the defect or damage.
Any replacement catalyst will be warranted under the terms of the
catalyst warranty for the remaining term of the original warranty. The
purchaser must provide the following information in order to receive a
replacement catalyst under the terms of this limited warranty:
1. Name, address and telephone number.
5. Any relevant information or circumstances, e.g., installation,
mode of operation when defect was noted.
A warranty claim will then start in process. The Vermont Castings
Majestic Products Company reserves the right to withhold final
approval of a warranty claim pending a visual inspection of the defect
by authorized representatives.
2. Proof of original purchase date.
3. Date of failure of catalyst.
4. Any relevant information or circumstances regarding determi-
nation of failure.
5. In addition, the owner must return the failed catalyst.
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The Vermont Castings
Majestic Products Company
410 Admiral Blvd. • Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5T 2N6 • 905-670-7885
© The Vermont Castings Majestic Products Company
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